CHEBI:15377 - water

Main ChEBI Ontology Automatic Xrefs Reactions Pathways Models
ChEBI Name water
ChEBI ID CHEBI:15377
Definition An oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms
Stars This entity has been manually annotated by the ChEBI Team.
Secondary ChEBI IDs CHEBI:5585, CHEBI:42857, CHEBI:42043, CHEBI:44292, CHEBI:44819, CHEBI:43228, CHEBI:44701, CHEBI:10743, CHEBI:13352, CHEBI:27313
Supplier Information ZINC000100085632
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Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H2O. It is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance. It is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in which it acts as a solvent). It is vital for all known forms of life, despite not providing food energy or organic micronutrients. Its chemical formula, H2O, indicates that each of its molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, connected by covalent bonds. The hydrogen atoms are attached to the oxygen atom at an angle of 104.45°. In liquid form, H2O is also called "water" at standard temperature and pressure. Because Earth's environment is relatively close to water's triple point, water exists on Earth as a solid, a liquid, and a gas. It forms precipitation in the form of rain and aerosols in the form of fog. Clouds consist of suspended droplets of water and ice, its solid state. When finely divided, crystalline ice may precipitate in the form of snow. The gaseous state of water is steam or water vapor. Water covers about 71% of the Earth's surface, with seas and oceans making up most of the water volume (about 96.5%). Small portions of water occur as groundwater (1.7%), in the glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland (1.7%), and in the air as vapor, clouds (consisting of ice and liquid water suspended in air), and precipitation (0.001%). Water moves continually through the water cycle of evaporation, transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation, and runoff, usually reaching the sea. Water plays an important role in the world economy. Approximately 70% of the fresh water used by humans goes to agriculture. Fishing in salt and fresh water bodies has been, and continues to be, a major source of food for many parts of the world, providing 6.5% of global protein. Much of the long-distance trade of commodities (such as oil, natural gas, and manufactured products) is transported by boats through seas, rivers, lakes, and canals. Large quantities of water, ice, and steam are used for cooling and heating in industry and homes. Water is an excellent solvent for a wide variety of substances, both mineral and organic; as such, it is widely used in industrial processes and in cooking and washing. Water, ice, and snow are also central to many sports and other forms of entertainment, such as swimming, pleasure boating, boat racing, surfing, sport fishing, diving, ice skating, snowboarding, and skiing.
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Formula H2O
Net Charge 0
Average Mass 18.01530
Monoisotopic Mass 18.01056
InChI InChI=1S/H2O/h1H2
InChIKey XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES [H]O[H]
Metabolite of Species Details
Mus musculus (NCBI:txid10090) Source: BioModels - MODEL1507180067 See: PubMed
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NCBI:txid4932) Source: yeast.sf.net See: PubMed
Escherichia coli (NCBI:txid562) See: PubMed
Homo sapiens (NCBI:txid9606) See: DOI
Roles Classification
Chemical Role(s): amphiprotic solvent
Self-ionizing solvent possessing both characteristics of Bronsted acids and bases.
greenhouse gas
A gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range, so contributing to the 'greenhouse effect'.
Biological Role(s): Escherichia coli metabolite
Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Escherichia coli.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ).
human metabolite
Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens).
mouse metabolite
Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus).
Application(s): amphiprotic solvent
Self-ionizing solvent possessing both characteristics of Bronsted acids and bases.
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ChEBI Ontology
Outgoing water (CHEBI:15377) has role Escherichia coli metabolite (CHEBI:76971)
water (CHEBI:15377) has role Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite (CHEBI:75772)
water (CHEBI:15377) has role amphiprotic solvent (CHEBI:48360)
water (CHEBI:15377) has role greenhouse gas (CHEBI:76413)
water (CHEBI:15377) has role human metabolite (CHEBI:77746)
water (CHEBI:15377) has role mouse metabolite (CHEBI:75771)
water (CHEBI:15377) is a inorganic hydroxy compound (CHEBI:52625)
water (CHEBI:15377) is a mononuclear parent hydride (CHEBI:37176)
water (CHEBI:15377) is a oxygen hydride (CHEBI:33693)
water (CHEBI:15377) is conjugate acid of hydroxide (CHEBI:16234)
water (CHEBI:15377) is conjugate base of oxonium (CHEBI:29412)
Incoming calcium ammonium nitrate (CHEBI:91238) has part water (CHEBI:15377)
hydrate (CHEBI:35505) has part water (CHEBI:15377)
methane clathrate (CHEBI:132140) has part water (CHEBI:15377)
royal jelly (CHEBI:78665) has part water (CHEBI:15377)
urea ammonium nitrate (CHEBI:88276) has part water (CHEBI:15377)
(18O)water (CHEBI:33813) is a water (CHEBI:15377)
deuterium hydrogen oxide (CHEBI:33806) is a water (CHEBI:15377)
dideuterium oxide (CHEBI:41981) is a water (CHEBI:15377)
diprotium oxide (CHEBI:29375) is a water (CHEBI:15377)
ditritium oxide (CHEBI:29374) is a water (CHEBI:15377)
hydrogen tritium oxide (CHEBI:33811) is a water (CHEBI:15377)
oxonium (CHEBI:29412) is conjugate acid of water (CHEBI:15377)
hydroxide (CHEBI:16234) is conjugate base of water (CHEBI:15377)
IUPAC Names
oxidane
water
Synonyms Sources
[OH2] IUPAC
acqua ChEBI
agua ChEBI
aqua ChEBI
BOUND WATER PDBeChem
dihydridooxygen IUPAC
dihydrogen oxide IUPAC
eau ChEBI
H2O KEGG COMPOUND
H2O UniProt
HOH ChEBI
hydrogen hydroxide ChEBI
Wasser ChEBI
WATER PDBeChem
Water KEGG COMPOUND
Manual Xrefs Databases
1 MolBase
C00001 KEGG COMPOUND
D00001 KEGG DRUG
HMDB0002111 HMDB
HOH PDBeChem
Water Wikipedia
WATER MetaCyc
View more database links
Registry Numbers Types Sources
117 Gmelin Registry Number Gmelin
3587155 Reaxys Registry Number Reaxys
7732-18-5 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND
7732-18-5 CAS Registry Number NIST Chemistry WebBook
7732-18-5 CAS Registry Number ChemIDplus
Last Modified
28 June 2022