AmiGO 2: Term Details for "inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting" (GO:0060818)

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Term Information

Accession: GO:0060818
Name: inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting
Ontology: biological_process
Synonyms: iXCI, inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genetic imprinting
Alternate IDs: None
Definition: Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on the paternal X-chromosome in the XX sex by genomic imprinting. Source: GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:16789828, PMID:11743158, PMID:23578369, GOC:sdb_2009, PMID:18425126
Comment: Imprinting controlled inactivation of the paternal X chromosome appears to be the ancestral form of sex chromosome inactivation in therian mammals. In eutherian mammals, imprinted X inactivation (iXCI) has largely been replaced by random X inactivation in a process regulated by the Xist and additional ncRNA's encoded within the "choice" region of the X chromosome. In a few mammals with early zygotic genome activation, imprinted X inactivation of the paternal X chromsome occurs very early during embryonic development. Imprinted iXCI has been observed in mice, rats, and bovines, and is best studied in mice where it occurs in the 4 cell stage in mice. In epiblast cells which will become the embryo proper, the inactivated paternal X chromosome is reactivated and dosage compensation of the X chromosome is regenerated by random X inactivation in embryonic tissues. In extraembryonic tissues, the selective inactivation of the paternal chromosome remains and is essential for proper development of the placenta. Selective inactivation of the paternal X chromosome via imprinting is the only form of X chromosome inactivation in marsupials, though the mechanism there may be significantly different in marsupials as the Xist transcript is not present on metatherian X chromosomes.
History: See term history for GO:0060818 at QuickGO
Chem. react.: None
Subset: None
Related: Link to all genes and gene products annotated to inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting (excluding "regulates").; Link to all direct and indirect annotations to inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting (excluding "regulates").; Link to all direct and indirect annotations download (limited to first 10,000) for inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting (excluding "regulates").

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GO:0008150 biological_process
GO:0009987 cellular process
GO:0065007 biological regulation
GO:0071840 cellular component organization or biogenesis
GO:0008152 metabolic process
GO:0048519 negative regulation of biological process
GO:0050789 regulation of biological process
GO:0050794 regulation of cellular process
GO:0009058 biosynthetic process
GO:0016043 cellular component organization
GO:0044237 cellular metabolic process
GO:0048523 negative regulation of cellular process
GO:0009892 negative regulation of metabolic process
GO:0071704 organic substance metabolic process
GO:0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process
GO:0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process
GO:0019222 regulation of metabolic process
GO:0044249 cellular biosynthetic process
GO:0043170 macromolecule metabolic process
GO:0009890 negative regulation of biosynthetic process
GO:0031324 negative regulation of cellular metabolic process
GO:1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process
GO:0043933 protein-containing complex organization
GO:0031326 regulation of cellular biosynthetic process
GO:0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process
GO:0009059 macromolecule biosynthetic process
GO:0031327 negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process
GO:0010605 negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process
GO:0071824 protein-DNA complex organization
GO:0010556 regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
GO:0048869 cellular developmental process
GO:0006325 chromatin organization
GO:0032502 developmental process
GO:0010467 gene expression
GO:0010558 negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
GO:0010468 regulation of gene expression
GO:0022414 reproductive process
GO:0048856 anatomical structure development
GO:0030154 cell differentiation
GO:0006338 chromatin remodeling
GO:0040029 epigenetic regulation of gene expression
GO:0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process
GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression
GO:0019953 sexual reproduction
GO:0048468 cell development
GO:0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism
GO:0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction
GO:0007276 gamete generation
GO:0045814 negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic
GO:0043045 epigenetic programming of gene expression
GO:0007281 germ cell development
GO:0031507 heterochromatin formation
GO:0007549 sex-chromosome dosage compensation
GO:0009048 dosage compensation by inactivation of X chromosome
GO:0071514 genomic imprinting
GO:0060818 inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting

Parents of inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting (GO:0060818)

subject	relation	object
inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting	is_a	dosage compensation by inactivation of X chromosome (GO:0009048)
inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting	is_a	genomic imprinting (GO:0071514)

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