Definition:
Relationships / properties:
The anterior conjunctival thickening is a sclerite.
The anterior conjunctival thickening is part of the cuticle. The anterior conjunctival thickening is part of the mouthparts.
anterior conjunctival thickening by Michener, C. D. 1944. Comparative external morphology, phylogeny, and a classification of the bees (Hymenoptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 82:151-326.
labral tractor by Duncan, C. D. 1939. A contribution to the biology of North American vespine wasps. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences 8:1-233.
anterior conjunctival thickening by Prentice, M. A. 1998. The comparative morphology and phylogeny of Apoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) Thesis (Ph D in Entomology)--University of California, Berkeley..
suspensory rod of the hypopharynx by Snodgrass, R. E. 1942. The skeleto-muscular mechanisms of the honey bee. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 103:1-120.
hypopharyngeal rod by Snodgrass, R. E. 1942. The skeleto-muscular mechanisms of the honey bee. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 103:1-120.
suspensory thickening by Winston, M. 1978. The proboscis of the long-tongued bees: A comparative study. The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 51:631-667.
suspensor by Albertson, G. W. 1921. A comparative study of the mouth parts of Vespa maculata
Linn. (worker), ~ meIlifica Linn. (worker), Andrena pem1exa Smith (female)
and Macremphytes varinas Norton (female). Contrib. BioI. Lab. Catholic Univ.
Amer., Washington, D. C.
interlorae by Salman, K. 1929. The external morphology of Pepsis elegans Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Psammocharidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 55:119-153.
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