Core mental functioning ontology classes and properties.
(for the case of remembering X, where X is an event in the organism’s history) a mental process that is a) about X, and b) made possible by the physical traces left by a causal process involving the organism during the event X
remembering
State of active attention by high sensory awareness such as being watchful and prompt to meet danger or emergency, or being quick to perceive and act. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alertness
alertness
A cognitive process that involves the mental representation of sequential numbers.
mental counting
A cognitive process that involves the manipulation of mental representations of numeric entities in order to compute the outcome of a mathematical function.
mental calculation
A mental process during which information is evaluated, the outcome of which is a belief or opinion.
judging
A judging that involves forming an opinion about the gender of a person.
determining gender
A mental process that creates, modifies or has as participant some cognitive representation.
GO:0050890, cognition, defined as `The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory.'
A judging that involves the determination of the orientation of some object.
determining orientation
mathematical problem solving behavior
visual problem solving behavior
A mental process that is the psychological and physiological state of being awake and reactive to stimuli.
arousal
a mental process that involves the manipulation of mental language and/or mental images
language problem solving behavior
A mental process that manipulates mental images and words that go beyond mere memory and thoughts about the objects and entities that the person has encountered, to visualise or consider entities and states of affairs that the person has never encountered and which may not yet exist or obtain in the world. Imagination is the capacity to produce images, ideas and sensations in the mind without any immediate input of the senses.
imagination
An extended organism that is a member of the species Homo sapiens.
Consciousness is an inseparable part of all mental processes. It is that part of the mental process that: a) confers a subjective perspective, a phenomenology, an experience of the mental process of which it is a part; and b) intends the object or event that the mental process is about, should such exist; i.e., it confers intentionality on the mental process.
Note that while there are different modes of consciousness corresponding to the different senses, the whole of conscious experience at any one time is largely experienced as a unity, that is, as a fused whole. Mental processes which are simultaneously ongoing are separable only in fiat, not in essence.
consciousness
the process whereby relevant aspects of our mental experience are focused on specific targets
attending
A mental process which is a) produced by a causal process involving a part of the environment of the organism, and b) is experienced by the organism as being so caused, and c) in which the relevant part of the environment is thereby represented to the organism.
Examples for 'causal processes involving a part of the environment of an organism' that can be perceived are light rays and air vibrations.
A bodily process that occurs in the brain, and that can of itself be conscious, or can give rise to a process that can of itself be conscious or can give rise to behaviour.
A 'mental process' is a subclass of 'bodily process', as mental processes occur within the body, specifically involving the brain.
A bodily process which brings into being, sustains or modifies a cognitive representation or a behavior inducing state.
Examples include thinking, feeling pain, remembering and emotion as occurrent experiences.
Mental processes can varying in the degree to which they involve consciousness.
A process in which at least two human beings are agents.
A personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm, and considerate.
Development and Validation of International English Big-Five Mini-Markers. Edmund R. Thomspson. Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 45, Issue 6, October 2008. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886908002195
Associated adjectives: appreciative, forgiving, generous, kind, sympathetic, and trusting.
agreeableness
Behavior having interpersonal processes as parts, each involving the same instances of human being.
GO:0051705, multi-organism behaviour, defined as: "Any process in which an organism has a behavioral effect on another organism of the same or different species" (http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0051705#lineage)
Seeing (visual perception) is a mental process that is a) produced by a causal process involving light rays from a part of the environment of the subject being absorbed by photoreceptors in the retina, and b) is experienced by the subject as being so caused, and c) in which the relevant part of the environment is thereby represented to the subject
seeing
A mental capability realised in processes involving understanding complex ideas, adapting effectively to the environment, learning from experience, engaging in various forms of reasoning, and overcome obstacles through the outcome of thinking processes.
intelligence
introversion
A mental process that involves mentally manipulating representations of steps in an imagined process which has some goal.
The outcome of this mental process is a plan which has the potential to be followed to bring about the desired outcome.
A personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as careful, self-disciplined, dependable, vigilant, dutiful, and goal-oriented.
Associated adjectives: efficient, organized, planful, reliable, responsible, and thorough.
conscientiousness
A mental disposition to frequent or easily incited outbursts of anger.
irascibility
A dependent continuant which is about a portion of reality.
A representation which specifically depends on an anatomical structure in the cognitive system of an organism.
A bodily disposition is a disposition that inheres in some extended organism. Examples are: my disposition to catch a cold when exposed to a virus, my ability to speak the English language.
Bodily disposition includes features that can be used in a specific context, such as a person's strength, but not a person's weight. A person has a specific weight independent of the circumstances they are in.
Extended organism refers to an organism and its microbiome (e.g., the bacteria that live in one's digestive system).
bodily disposition
A mental disposition is a bodily disposition that is realized in a mental process.
'Mental disposition' is a subclass of 'bodily disposition', as mental dispositions occur in the body.
mental disposition
Visual consciousness is consciousness of a visual stimulus, as experienced through the visual sensory medium as a part of a process of seeing.
visual consciousness
Auditory consciousness is consciousness of an auditory stimulus, as a part of a conscious process of hearing.
auditory consciousness
Tactile consciousness is consciousness that is experienced in the tactile sensory medium, through the sensory medium of touch and pressure sensation.
tactile consciousness
Direct consciousness is consciousness of phenomenal experience, it is the given experience in consciousness of (for example) sounds, tastes, emotions and bodily feelings.
direct consciousness
Hearing (auditory perception) is a mental process that is a) produced by a causal process involving sound waves from a part of the environment of the subject being absorbed by detectors in the ear, and b) is experienced by the subject as being so caused, and c) in which the relevant part of the environment is thereby represented to the subject
hearing
A cognitive representation sustained by an organsim about its own emotions.
A communication process is an interpersonal process that involves the transmission of information between two organisms.
communication
A mental disposition to represent a proposition to be true.
Judging is a mental process that brings a belief into existence. Judging differently may also bring that belief out of existence. An act of believing is just thinking about a belief. Beliefs typically cause us to behave in ways that are characteristic with the content of that belief. However, this is not a necessary feature for the existence of the belief.
belief
preference
A bodily disposition whose realization ordinarily brings benefits to an organism or group of organisms, where "ordinarily" means within a typical range or context.
Note that, as discussed in https://philpapers.org/archive/MERMC.pdf, both organisms and artifacts can bear capabilities. However, this capability class is just applicable to organismal capabilities (as a subclass of 'bodily disposition') and the definition has been amended from that of the definition source accordingly.
The phrase 'ordinarily brings benefits to an organism or group of organism' is used to explain that capabilities normally provide a benefit. For exampoe, having a musical ability is usually an ability that is positive for a person (e.g., they enjoy playing music, they receive positive feedback about their ability). However, in certain exceptional cases (e.g., a neighbour becoming annoyed with a person playing the piano and expressing this annoyance), the ability might not bring benefits.
capability
A capability that is realised in an activity of producing or interpreting music.
musical capability
A mental process that involves thinking about a state of affairs that is not yet the case together with a desire for that state of affairs to come about.
A musical capability that is realised in the production of music using a piano.
capability to play piano
A musical capability that is realised in the production of music using a violin.
capability to play violin
A personal capability that includes mental processes in its realisation.
mental capability
A linguistic capability that is realised by processes in which textual concretisations of linguistic expressions are processed and understood.
capability to read
A mental capability that is realised in processes of communication involving language or in expressions of language.
linguistic capability
A linguistic capability that is realised in processes in which well-formed expressions in a given language are understood.
capability to understand language
A linguistic capability that is realised in processes in which well-formed vocal expressions in a given language are produced.
capability to speak
A musical capability that is the ability to interpret the musical instructions represented in a musical score.
capability to read music
Taste perception is a mental process which is a) produced by a causal process involving xenobiotic molecules from a part of the environment of the subject binding with specialized sensory cells in the tongue and nasal cavity, and b) is experienced by the subject as being so caused, and c) in which the relevant part of the environment is thereby represented to the subject
tasting
Smelling (olfactory perception) is a mental process which is a) produced by a causal process involving xenobiotic molecules from a part of the environment of the subject binding with specialized sensory cells in the nasal cavity, and b) is experienced by the subject as being so caused, and c) in which the relevant part of the environment is thereby represented to the subject
smelling
Touching (tactile perception) is a mental process which is a) produced by a causal process involving pressure on the organism’s skin from a part of the environment of the subject, and b) is experienced by the subject as being so caused, and c) in which the relevant part of the environment is thereby represented to the subject
touching
A cognitive process that involves the manipulation of mental language.
thinking with language
Affectional tie that one person or animal forms between himself and another specific one, a tie that binds them together emotionally and endures over time.
attachment
Short-term detachment from one's immediate surroundings, during which a person's contact with reality is blurred and partially substituted by a visionary fantasy, especially one of happy, pleasant thoughts, hopes or ambitions, imagined as coming to pass, and experienced while awake.
daydreaming
The ability to maintain attention and alertness over prolonged periods of time. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigilance_%28psychology%29
vigilance
Orgasm is the sudden discharge of accumulated sexual tension during the sexual response cycle, resulting in rhythmic muscular contractions in the pelvic region characterized by sexual pleasure. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orgasm
orgasm
The psychic energy that drives individuals toward sensual pleasures of all types, especially sexual ones. http://www.apa.org/research/action/glossary.aspx
libido
A personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as positive, assertive, social, and outgoing.
Associated Adjectives: active, assertive, energetic, enthusiastic, outgoing, talkative.
extraversion
A personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as angry, anxious, depressed, unstable, and vulnerable.
Associated adjectives: anxious, self-pitying, tense, touchy unstable, and worrying.
neuroticism
A personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as revealing, curiosity, an appreciation of novelty and variety of experiences and ideas, invention, and unpredictability.
Associated adjectives: artistic, curious, imaginative, insightful, original, and wide interests.
openness to experience
Olfactory consciousness is consciousness of an olfactory stimulus (scent), as experienced through the olfactory sensory medium as a part of a process of smelling.
olfactory consciousness
Consciousness of self is the higher order consciousness that reflexively includes the awareness that the organism that is the subject of the conscious experience exists.
consciousness of the existence of the self
The implication of Descartes' famous "Cogito ergo sum" is that awareness of one's own existence entails that one exists. This is because consciousness creates a perspective, and awareness of this is a self-reflexive perspective of oneself. This is one aspect of intentionality that cannot fail. Intentionality can fail at all levels of content, but not at the level of intending through awareness the existence of the self that is consciously intending.
consciousness of self
Proprioception is a mental process which is a) produced by a causal process specialized internal sensory cells in, for example, skin, muscles and joints, and b) by which their location and state of motion and/or balance are represented to the organism, and c) which is experienced by the subject as being so caused
proprioception
Nociception is a mental process which is a) produced by a causal process specialized internal sensory cells in, for example, skin, muscles and joints, and b) by which actual or immanent tissue damage are reported to the organism, and c) which is experienced by the subject as being so caused
nociception
A memory is a mental disposition that is realized in a process of remembering, i.e. a memory of X is a disposition realized in the process of remembering X.
a memory
problem solving behaviour
The subjective experience of time as a coherent process inhabited by oneself as an embodied thinking being
consciousness of time
Intentionality is the fundamental quality of conscious mental processes of always having content, of being directed towards, or about something.
intentionality
A bodily quality is a quality that inheres in some extended organism.
bodily quality
A mental quality is a bodily quality that inheres in those structures of the extended organism that are essential for mental functioning.
mental quality
An example of an intentional modality is the capacity to represent objects of intentionality as unfolding in time or being time contingent.
A structural capacity that shapes how an object of intentionality is represented for the subject.
intentional modality
The subjective experience of the spatial surroundings one inhabits as an embodied entity.
consciousness of space
The subjective experience of being an embodied entity.
consciousness of the body
The subjective experience of other beings as self-aware entities.
intersubjectivity
The intentional structural capacity to experience lived time.
time intentional modality
The partial structure of time consciousness that relates to linking and projecting the content of immediate moments to future moments (e.g. how the path of a moving object is intuitively projected).
protention
The partial structure of time consciousness that relates to retaining past events in memory and linking them to present events (e.g. how the individual tones in a melody is intuitively linked together to form a whole).
retention
A mental process that evokes the representation of the sensory characteristics of objects or events when these are not immediately present to the senses.
mental imagery
A spoken communication process is a linguistic communication process that: (a) involves as participant at least two linguistically capable organisms; (b) one of whom produces an utterance that is well-formed in a given spoken language; (c) the other of whom perceives and understands that utterance by virtue of their recognition of the meaning of the utterance through their knowledge of the language.
spoken communication
A written communication process is an interpersonal process that: (a) involves as participant at least two organisms, (b) one of whom produces a message in writing that is well-formed in a given language; (c) the other of whom reads the message and understands it.
written communication
A linguistic communication process is a communication process in which the information that is communicated is encoded in language.
linguistic communication
A gestural communication process is a communication process in which information is transferred by means of physical movements.
gestural communication
A mental process that involves neuronal activity in response to a sensory stimuli but which is not the subject of consciousness.
subliminal process
A communication process in which information is transmitted without being encoded in the meaning units of any language.
non-linguistic communication
A linguistic communication in which the meaning units are encoded in a sign language.
sign-language communication
A non-linguistic communication process that involves the transmission of information by one participant interpreting the facial expressions of another participant.
facial expression communication
Higher order consciousness is consciousness of one's own mental states, a self-reflexive consciousness of the experience of being conscious, of having mental processes ongoing.
higher order consciousness
A personality is a complex sum of dispositions and predispositions towards mental processes and behaviour. It inheres in a person.
Personality is not the same as mood, although a person may have a personality that includes a predisposition to moods of certain types, moods may come and go but a personality stays relatively constant, not appearing and disappearing. Personality typically changes slowly over time.
personality
A personality trait is an individual disposition or predisposition that forms part of an overall personality and is realized in repeated occurrences of a specific mental process type or behavioural profile.
personality trait
A process in which at least one bodily component of an organsim participates.
From OGMS: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000060
From OGMS: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000087