BFO 2 Reference: BFO does not claim to provide complete coverage of entities of all types. It seeks only to provide coverage of those entities studied by empirical science together with those entities which affect or are involved in human activities such as data processing and planning - coverage that is sufficiently broad to provide assistance to those engaged in building domain ontologies for purposes of data annotation. BFO 2 Reference: BFO's treatment of continuants and occurrents - as also its treatment of regions, rests on a dichotomy between space and time, and on the view that there are two perspectives on reality - earlier called the 'SNAP' and 'SPAN' perspectives, both of which are essential to the non-reductionist representation of reality as we understand it from the best available science. BFO 2 Reference: For both terms and relational expressions in BFO, we distinguish between primitive and defined. 'Entity' is an example of a primitive term. Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms that are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms. Alan Ruttenberg Albert Goldfain Asiyah Yu Lin (CDRH, Food and Drug Administration) Astghik Sargsyan (Fraunhofer SCAI) Barry Smith Bill Duncan Bjoern Peters Chris Mungall David Osumi-Sutherland Fabian Neuhaus Geena Mariya Jose (Causality Biomodels) Holger Stenzhorn James A. Overton Janna Hastings Jie Zheng Jonathan Bona Larry Hunter Leon Li (NIH) Leonard Jacuzzo Ludger Jansen Mark Ressler Mathias Brochhausen Mauricio Almeida Melanie Courtot Oliver He (University of Michigan) Pierre Grenon Randall Dipert Ron Rudnicki Selja Seppälä Shounak Baksi (Causality Biomodels) Stefan Schulz Thomas Bittner Werner Ceusters Yongqun "Oliver" He The core Ontology of Clinical Trials (CTO) will serve as a structured resource integrating basic terms and concepts in the context of clinical trials. Thereby covering clinicaltrails.gov. CoreCTO will serve as a basic ontology to generate extended versions for specific applications such as annotation of variables in study documents from clinical trials. Alpha Tom Kodamullil (Fraunhofer SCAI) Johannes Darms (Fraunhofer SCAI) Stephan Gebel (Fraunhofer SCAI) Sumit Madan (Fraunhofer SCAI) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CTO: Core Ontology of Clinical Trials Please see the project site https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO, the bfo2 owl discussion group http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-owl-devel, the bfo2 discussion group http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-devel, the tracking google doc http://goo.gl/IlrEE, and the current version of the bfo2 reference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/bfo2-reference.docx. This ontology is generated from a specification at https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/ontology/owl-group/specification/ and with the code that generates the OWL version in https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/tools/. A very early version of BFO version 2 in CLIF is at http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/bfo.clif. The BSD license on the BFO project site refers to code used to build BFO. This BFO 2.0 version represents a major update to BFO and is not strictly backwards compatible with BFO 1.1. The previous OWL version of BFO, version 1.1.1 will remain available at http://ifomis.org/bfo/1.1 and will no longer be updated. The BFO 2.0 OWL is a classes-only specification. The incorporation of core relations has been held over for a later version. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/bfo.clif https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/ontology/owl-group/specification/ http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-devel http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-discuss http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-owl-devel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/owl https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/tools/ Version Release: 1.0.0 http://basic-formal-ontology.org/ http://ifomis.org/bfo https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO mailto:bfo-owl-devel@googlegroups.com obo:BFO_0000001 entity obo:BFO_0000001 Entity obo:BFO_0000001 Julius Caesar obo:BFO_0000001 Verdi’s Requiem obo:BFO_0000001 the Second World War obo:BFO_0000001 your body mass index obo:BFO_0000001 BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000004 per discussion with Barry Smith http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf obo:BFO_0000001 Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/001-001 obo:BFO_0000001 An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) obo:BFO_0000001 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000001 entity obo:BFO_0000002 continuant obo:BFO_0000002 Continuant obo:BFO_0000002 An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. obo:BFO_0000002 BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240 obo:BFO_0000002 Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000007 obo:BFO_0000002 Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants obo:BFO_0000002 obo:iao.owl obo:BFO_0000002 A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002 obo:BFO_0000002 A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) obo:BFO_0000002 if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001 obo:BFO_0000002 if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) obo:BFO_0000002 if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002 obo:BFO_0000002 if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) obo:BFO_0000002 if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002 obo:BFO_0000002 if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) obo:BFO_0000002 (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002 obo:BFO_0000002 (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] obo:BFO_0000002 (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001 obo:BFO_0000002 (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] obo:BFO_0000002 (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002 obo:BFO_0000002 (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] obo:BFO_0000002 (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002 obo:BFO_0000002 (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] obo:BFO_0000002 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000002 continuant obo:BFO_0000003 occurrent obo:BFO_0000003 Occurrent obo:BFO_0000003 BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region obo:BFO_0000003 BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000006 per discussion with Barry Smith obo:BFO_0000003 Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000012 obo:BFO_0000003 Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/077-002 obo:BFO_0000003 An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001 obo:BFO_0000003 Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001 obo:BFO_0000003 b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001 obo:BFO_0000003 (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001 obo:BFO_0000003 (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] obo:BFO_0000003 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000003 occurrent obo:BFO_0000004 ic obo:BFO_0000004 IndependentContinuant obo:BFO_0000004 a chair obo:BFO_0000004 a heart obo:BFO_0000004 a leg obo:BFO_0000004 a molecule obo:BFO_0000004 a spatial region obo:BFO_0000004 an atom obo:BFO_0000004 an orchestra. obo:BFO_0000004 an organism obo:BFO_0000004 the bottom right portion of a human torso obo:BFO_0000004 the interior of your mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002 obo:BFO_0000004 b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001 obo:BFO_0000004 For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002 obo:BFO_0000004 For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001 obo:BFO_0000004 (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002 obo:BFO_0000004 (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002 obo:BFO_0000004 (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] obo:BFO_0000004 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000004 independent continuant obo:BFO_0000006 s-region obo:BFO_0000006 SpatialRegion obo:BFO_0000006 BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000002 per discussion with Barry Smith obo:BFO_0000006 Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001 obo:BFO_0000006 A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001 obo:BFO_0000006 All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001 obo:BFO_0000006 (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001 obo:BFO_0000006 (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] obo:BFO_0000006 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000006 spatial region obo:BFO_0000008 t-region obo:BFO_0000008 TemporalRegion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000003 per discussion with Barry Smith obo:BFO_0000008 Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001 obo:BFO_0000008 A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001 obo:BFO_0000008 All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002 obo:BFO_0000008 Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002 obo:BFO_0000008 (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001 obo:BFO_0000008 (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001 obo:BFO_0000008 (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] obo:BFO_0000008 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000008 temporal region obo:BFO_0000009 2d-s-region obo:BFO_0000009 TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion obo:BFO_0000009 an infinitely thin plane in space. obo:BFO_0000009 the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001 obo:BFO_0000009 A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001 obo:BFO_0000009 (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] obo:BFO_0000009 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000009 two-dimensional spatial region obo:BFO_0000011 st-region obo:BFO_0000011 SpatiotemporalRegion obo:BFO_0000011 the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life obo:BFO_0000011 the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis. obo:BFO_0000011 the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001 obo:BFO_0000011 A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001 obo:BFO_0000011 All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001 obo:BFO_0000011 Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001 obo:BFO_0000011 Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001]) obo:BFO_0000011 Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002 obo:BFO_0000011 Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002 obo:BFO_0000011 (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001 obo:BFO_0000011 (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001 obo:BFO_0000011 (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001 obo:BFO_0000011 (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001 obo:BFO_0000011 (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] obo:BFO_0000011 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000011 spatiotemporal region obo:BFO_0000015 process obo:BFO_0000015 Process obo:BFO_0000015 a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart obo:BFO_0000015 a process of meiosis obo:BFO_0000015 a process of sleeping obo:BFO_0000015 the course of a disease obo:BFO_0000015 the flight of a bird obo:BFO_0000015 the life of an organism obo:BFO_0000015 your process of aging. obo:BFO_0000015 An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. obo:BFO_0000015 p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003 obo:BFO_0000015 p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) obo:BFO_0000015 BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war) obo:BFO_0000015 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000015 obo:oae.owl obo:BFO_0000015 obo:obi.owl obo:BFO_0000015 obo:ro.owl obo:BFO_0000015 (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003 obo:BFO_0000015 (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] obo:BFO_0000015 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000015 process obo:BFO_0000016 disposition obo:BFO_0000016 Disposition obo:BFO_0000016 an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y obo:BFO_0000016 certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer obo:BFO_0000016 children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways. obo:BFO_0000016 the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis obo:BFO_0000016 BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type. obo:BFO_0000016 obo:ogms.owl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002 obo:BFO_0000016 b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002 obo:BFO_0000016 If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002 obo:BFO_0000016 (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002 obo:BFO_0000016 (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] obo:BFO_0000016 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000016 disposition obo:BFO_0000017 realizable obo:BFO_0000017 RealizableEntity obo:BFO_0000017 the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity. obo:BFO_0000017 the disposition of your blood to coagulate obo:BFO_0000017 the function of your reproductive organs obo:BFO_0000017 the role of being a doctor obo:BFO_0000017 the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet obo:BFO_0000017 A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. obo:BFO_0000017 obo:dron.owl obo:BFO_0000017 obo:envo.owl obo:BFO_0000017 obo:obi.owl obo:BFO_0000017 obo:ogms.owl obo:BFO_0000017 obo:omrse.owl obo:BFO_0000017 obo:opmi.owl obo:BFO_0000017 To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002 obo:BFO_0000017 To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002]) obo:BFO_0000017 All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002 obo:BFO_0000017 All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002]) obo:BFO_0000017 (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002 obo:BFO_0000017 (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] obo:BFO_0000017 (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002 obo:BFO_0000017 (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] obo:BFO_0000017 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000017 realizable entity obo:BFO_0000018 0d-s-region obo:BFO_0000018 ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001 obo:BFO_0000018 A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001 obo:BFO_0000018 (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] obo:BFO_0000018 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000018 zero-dimensional spatial region obo:BFO_0000019 quality obo:BFO_0000019 Quality obo:BFO_0000019 the ambient temperature of this portion of air obo:BFO_0000019 the color of a tomato obo:BFO_0000019 the length of the circumference of your waist obo:BFO_0000019 the mass of this piece of gold. obo:BFO_0000019 the shape of your nose obo:BFO_0000019 the shape of your nostril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001 obo:BFO_0000019 a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001 obo:BFO_0000019 If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001 obo:BFO_0000019 (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001 obo:BFO_0000019 (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] obo:BFO_0000019 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000019 quality obo:BFO_0000020 sdc obo:BFO_0000020 SpecificallyDependentContinuant obo:BFO_0000020 Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key obo:BFO_0000020 of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato obo:BFO_0000020 of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates. obo:BFO_0000020 the disposition of this fish to decay obo:BFO_0000020 the function of this heart: to pump blood obo:BFO_0000020 the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79 obo:BFO_0000020 the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction obo:BFO_0000020 the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center obo:BFO_0000020 the role of being a doctor obo:BFO_0000020 the shape of this hole. obo:BFO_0000020 the smell of this portion of mozzarella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003 obo:BFO_0000020 b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000005 per discussion with Barry Smith obo:BFO_0000020 Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003 obo:BFO_0000020 (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] obo:BFO_0000020 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant obo:BFO_0000023 role obo:BFO_0000023 Role obo:BFO_0000023 John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. obo:BFO_0000023 the priest role obo:BFO_0000023 the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories obo:BFO_0000023 the role of a building in serving as a military target obo:BFO_0000023 the role of a stone in marking a property boundary obo:BFO_0000023 the role of subject in a clinical trial obo:BFO_0000023 the student role obo:BFO_0000023 A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. obo:BFO_0000023 BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives. obo:BFO_0000023 obo:dron.owl obo:BFO_0000023 obo:obi.owl obo:BFO_0000023 obo:omrse.owl obo:BFO_0000023 obo:opmi.owl obo:BFO_0000023 b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001 obo:BFO_0000023 b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001]) obo:BFO_0000023 (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001 obo:BFO_0000023 (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] obo:BFO_0000023 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000023 role obo:BFO_0000024 fiat-object-part obo:BFO_0000024 FiatObjectPart obo:BFO_0000024 or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29 obo:BFO_0000024 the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body. obo:BFO_0000024 the Western hemisphere of the Earth obo:BFO_0000024 the division of the brain into regions obo:BFO_0000024 the division of the planet into hemispheres obo:BFO_0000024 the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body obo:BFO_0000024 the upper and lower lobes of the left lung obo:BFO_0000024 BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/027-004 obo:BFO_0000024 b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/027-004 obo:BFO_0000024 (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] obo:BFO_0000024 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000024 fiat object part obo:BFO_0000026 1d-s-region obo:BFO_0000026 OneDimensionalSpatialRegion obo:BFO_0000026 an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/038-001 obo:BFO_0000026 A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/038-001 obo:BFO_0000026 (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] obo:BFO_0000026 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000026 one-dimensional spatial region obo:BFO_0000027 object-aggregate obo:BFO_0000027 ObjectAggregate obo:BFO_0000027 a collection of cells in a blood biobank. obo:BFO_0000027 a swarm of bees is an aggregate of members who are linked together through natural bonds obo:BFO_0000027 a symphony orchestra obo:BFO_0000027 an organization is an aggregate whose member parts have roles of specific types (for example in a jazz band, a chess club, a football team) obo:BFO_0000027 defined by fiat: the aggregate of members of an organization obo:BFO_0000027 defined through physical attachment: the aggregate of atoms in a lump of granite obo:BFO_0000027 defined through physical containment: the aggregate of molecules of carbon dioxide in a sealed container obo:BFO_0000027 defined via attributive delimitations such as: the patients in this hospital obo:BFO_0000027 the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint obo:BFO_0000027 the aggregate of blood cells in your body obo:BFO_0000027 the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere obo:BFO_0000027 the restaurants in Palo Alto obo:BFO_0000027 your collection of Meissen ceramic plates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000011 obo:BFO_0000027 An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000301 obo:BFO_0000027 An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects obo:BFO_0000027 BFO 2 Reference: object aggregates may gain and lose parts while remaining numerically identical (one and the same individual) over time. This holds both for aggregates whose membership is determined naturally (the aggregate of cells in your body) and aggregates determined by fiat (a baseball team, a congressional committee). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000300 obo:BFO_0000027 ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/025-004 obo:BFO_0000027 b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/025-004 obo:BFO_0000027 (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] obo:BFO_0000027 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000027 object aggregate obo:BFO_0000028 3d-s-region obo:BFO_0000028 ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion obo:BFO_0000028 a cube-shaped region of space obo:BFO_0000028 a sphere-shaped region of space, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/040-001 obo:BFO_0000028 A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/040-001 obo:BFO_0000028 (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] obo:BFO_0000028 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000028 three-dimensional spatial region obo:BFO_0000029 site obo:BFO_0000029 Site obo:BFO_0000029 Manhattan Canyon) obo:BFO_0000029 a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese obo:BFO_0000029 a rabbit hole obo:BFO_0000029 an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport obo:BFO_0000029 the Grand Canyon obo:BFO_0000029 the Piazza San Marco obo:BFO_0000029 the cockpit of an aircraft obo:BFO_0000029 the hold of a ship obo:BFO_0000029 the interior of a kangaroo pouch obo:BFO_0000029 the interior of the trunk of your car obo:BFO_0000029 the interior of your bedroom obo:BFO_0000029 the interior of your office obo:BFO_0000029 the interior of your refrigerator obo:BFO_0000029 the lumen of your gut obo:BFO_0000029 your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/034-002 obo:BFO_0000029 b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/034-002 obo:BFO_0000029 (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] obo:BFO_0000029 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000029 site obo:BFO_0000030 object obo:BFO_0000030 Object obo:BFO_0000030 atom obo:BFO_0000030 cell obo:BFO_0000030 cells and organisms obo:BFO_0000030 engineered artifacts obo:BFO_0000030 grain of sand obo:BFO_0000030 molecule obo:BFO_0000030 organelle obo:BFO_0000030 organism obo:BFO_0000030 planet obo:BFO_0000030 solid portions of matter obo:BFO_0000030 star obo:BFO_0000030 BFO 2 Reference: BFO rests on the presupposition that at multiple micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales reality exhibits certain stable, spatially separated or separable material units, combined or combinable into aggregates of various sorts (for example organisms into what are called ‘populations’). Such units play a central role in almost all domains of natural science from particle physics to cosmology. Many scientific laws govern the units in question, employing general terms (such as ‘molecule’ or ‘planet’) referring to the types and subtypes of units, and also to the types and subtypes of the processes through which such units develop and interact. The division of reality into such natural units is at the heart of biological science, as also is the fact that these units may form higher-level units (as cells form multicellular organisms) and that they may also form aggregates of units, for example as cells form portions of tissue and organs form families, herds, breeds, species, and so on. At the same time, the division of certain portions of reality into engineered units (manufactured artifacts) is the basis of modern industrial technology, which rests on the distributed mass production of engineered parts through division of labor and on their assembly into larger, compound units such as cars and laptops. The division of portions of reality into units is one starting point for the phenomenon of counting. obo:BFO_0000030 BFO 2 Reference: Each object is such that there are entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its interior, and other entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its exterior. This may not be so for entities lying at or near the boundary between the interior and exterior. This means that two objects – for example the two cells depicted in Figure 3 – may be such that there are material entities crossing their boundaries which belong determinately to neither cell. Something similar obtains in certain cases of conjoined twins (see below). obo:BFO_0000030 BFO 2 Reference: To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t.causal changes in one part of b can have consequences for other parts of b without the mediation of any entity that lies on the exterior of b. Material entities with no proper material parts would satisfy these conditions trivially. Candidate examples of types of causal unity for material entities of more complex sorts are as follows (this is not intended to be an exhaustive list):CU1: Causal unity via physical coveringHere the parts in the interior of the unified entity are combined together causally through a common membrane or other physical covering\. The latter points outwards toward and may serve a protective function in relation to what lies on the exterior of the entity [13, 47 obo:BFO_0000030 BFO 2 Reference: an object is a maximal causally unified material entity obo:BFO_0000030 BFO 2 Reference: ‘objects’ are sometimes referred to as ‘grains’ [74 obo:BFO_0000030 obo:dron.owl obo:BFO_0000030 obo:envo.owl obo:BFO_0000030 obo:opmi.owl obo:BFO_0000030 b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/024-001 obo:BFO_0000030 b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001]) obo:BFO_0000030 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000030 object obo:BFO_0000031 gdc obo:BFO_0000031 GenericallyDependentContinuant obo:BFO_0000031 The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity. obo:BFO_0000031 the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop obo:BFO_0000031 the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule. obo:BFO_0000031 A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time. obo:BFO_0000031 b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001 obo:BFO_0000031 b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) obo:BFO_0000031 obo:iao.owl obo:BFO_0000031 (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001 obo:BFO_0000031 (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] obo:BFO_0000031 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant obo:BFO_0000034 function obo:BFO_0000034 Function obo:BFO_0000034 the function of a hammer to drive in nails obo:BFO_0000034 the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity obo:BFO_0000034 the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar obo:BFO_0000034 BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001 obo:BFO_0000034 A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001 obo:BFO_0000034 (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] obo:BFO_0000034 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000034 function obo:BFO_0000035 p-boundary obo:BFO_0000035 ProcessBoundary obo:BFO_0000035 the boundary between the 2nd and 3rd year of your life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/084-001 obo:BFO_0000035 p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/085-002 obo:BFO_0000035 Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/085-002 obo:BFO_0000035 (forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/084-001 obo:BFO_0000035 (iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] obo:BFO_0000035 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000035 process boundary obo:BFO_0000038 1d-t-region obo:BFO_0000038 OneDimensionalTemporalRegion obo:BFO_0000038 the temporal region during which a process occurs. obo:BFO_0000038 BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/103-001 obo:BFO_0000038 A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/103-001 obo:BFO_0000038 (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] obo:BFO_0000038 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000038 one-dimensional temporal region obo:BFO_0000040 material obo:BFO_0000040 MaterialEntity obo:BFO_0000040 a flame obo:BFO_0000040 a forest fire obo:BFO_0000040 a human being obo:BFO_0000040 a hurricane obo:BFO_0000040 a photon obo:BFO_0000040 a puff of smoke obo:BFO_0000040 a sea wave obo:BFO_0000040 a tornado obo:BFO_0000040 an aggregate of human beings. obo:BFO_0000040 an energy wave obo:BFO_0000040 an epidemic obo:BFO_0000040 the undetached arm of a human being obo:BFO_0000040 An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. obo:BFO_0000040 BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60 obo:BFO_0000040 BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity. obo:BFO_0000040 BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here. obo:BFO_0000040 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000040 obo:dron.owl obo:BFO_0000040 obo:envo.owl obo:BFO_0000040 obo:ero.owl obo:BFO_0000040 obo:oae.owl obo:BFO_0000040 obo:obi.owl obo:BFO_0000040 obo:omrse.owl obo:BFO_0000040 obo:opmi.owl obo:BFO_0000040 A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/019-002 obo:BFO_0000040 A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) obo:BFO_0000040 Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/020-002 obo:BFO_0000040 Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) obo:BFO_0000040 every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/021-002 obo:BFO_0000040 every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) obo:BFO_0000040 (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/019-002 obo:BFO_0000040 (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] obo:BFO_0000040 (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/021-002 obo:BFO_0000040 (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] obo:BFO_0000040 (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/020-002 obo:BFO_0000040 (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] obo:BFO_0000040 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000040 material entity obo:BFO_0000040 material_entity obo:BFO_0000051 has part obo:BFO_0000055 realizes obo:BFO_0000062 preceded by obo:BFO_0000062 preceded_by obo:BFO_0000140 cf-boundary obo:BFO_0000140 ContinuantFiatBoundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/029-001 obo:BFO_0000140 b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001]) obo:BFO_0000140 BFO 2 Reference: In BFO 1.1 the assumption was made that the external surface of a material entity such as a cell could be treated as if it were a boundary in the mathematical sense. The new document propounds the view that when we talk about external surfaces of material objects in this way then we are talking about something fiat. To be dealt with in a future version: fiat boundaries at different levels of granularity.More generally, the focus in discussion of boundaries in BFO 2.0 is now on fiat boundaries, which means: boundaries for which there is no assumption that they coincide with physical discontinuities. The ontology of boundaries becomes more closely allied with the ontology of regions. obo:BFO_0000140 BFO 2 Reference: a continuant fiat boundary is a boundary of some material entity (for example: the plane separating the Northern and Southern hemispheres; the North Pole), or it is a boundary of some immaterial entity (for example of some portion of airspace). Three basic kinds of continuant fiat boundary can be distinguished (together with various combination kinds [29 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000008 obo:BFO_0000140 Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions. obo:BFO_0000140 Every continuant fiat boundary is located at some spatial region at every time at which it exists http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/029-001 obo:BFO_0000140 (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] obo:BFO_0000140 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000140 continuant fiat boundary obo:BFO_0000141 immaterial obo:BFO_0000141 ImmaterialEntity obo:BFO_0000141 BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10 obo:BFO_0000141 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000141 immaterial entity obo:BFO_0000142 1d-cf-boundary obo:BFO_0000142 OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary obo:BFO_0000142 The Equator obo:BFO_0000142 all geopolitical boundaries obo:BFO_0000142 all lines of latitude and longitude obo:BFO_0000142 the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin. obo:BFO_0000142 the median sulcus of your tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/032-001 obo:BFO_0000142 a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/032-001 obo:BFO_0000142 (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] obo:BFO_0000142 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000142 one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary obo:BFO_0000144 process-profile obo:BFO_0000144 ProcessProfile obo:BFO_0000144 On a somewhat higher level of complexity are what we shall call rate process profiles, which are the targets of selective abstraction focused not on determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time, but rather on certain ratios between these magnitudes and elapsed times. A speed process profile, for example, is represented by a graph plotting against time the ratio of distance covered per unit of time. Since rates may change, and since such changes, too, may have rates of change, we have to deal here with a hierarchy of process profile universals at successive levels obo:BFO_0000144 One important sub-family of rate process profiles is illustrated by the beat or frequency profiles of cyclical processes, illustrated by the 60 beats per minute beating process of John’s heart, or the 120 beats per minute drumming process involved in one of John’s performances in a rock band, and so on. Each such process includes what we shall call a beat process profile instance as part, a subtype of rate process profile in which the salient ratio is not distance covered but rather number of beat cycles per unit of time. Each beat process profile instance instantiates the determinable universal beat process profile. But it also instantiates multiple more specialized universals at lower levels of generality, selected from rate process profilebeat process profileregular beat process profile3 bpm beat process profile4 bpm beat process profileirregular beat process profileincreasing beat process profileand so on.In the case of a regular beat process profile, a rate can be assigned in the simplest possible fashion by dividing the number of cycles by the length of the temporal region occupied by the beating process profile as a whole. Irregular process profiles of this sort, for example as identified in the clinic, or in the readings on an aircraft instrument panel, are often of diagnostic significance. obo:BFO_0000144 The simplest type of process profiles are what we shall call ‘quality process profiles’, which are the process profiles which serve as the foci of the sort of selective abstraction that is involved when measurements are made of changes in single qualities, as illustrated, for example, by process profiles of mass, temperature, aortic pressure, and so on. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/093-002 obo:BFO_0000144 b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/094-005 obo:BFO_0000144 b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/094-005 obo:BFO_0000144 (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/093-002 obo:BFO_0000144 (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] obo:BFO_0000144 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000144 process profile obo:BFO_0000145 r-quality obo:BFO_0000145 RelationalQuality obo:BFO_0000145 John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. obo:BFO_0000145 a marriage bond, an instance of requited love, an obligation between one person and another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/057-001 obo:BFO_0000145 b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/057-001 obo:BFO_0000145 (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] obo:BFO_0000145 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000145 relational quality obo:BFO_0000146 2d-cf-boundary obo:BFO_0000146 TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/033-001 obo:BFO_0000146 a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/033-001 obo:BFO_0000146 (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] obo:BFO_0000146 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000146 two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary obo:BFO_0000147 0d-cf-boundary obo:BFO_0000147 ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary obo:BFO_0000147 the geographic North Pole obo:BFO_0000147 the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system. obo:BFO_0000147 the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000001 requested by Melanie Courtot https://groups.google.com/d/msg/bfo-owl-devel/s9Uug5QmAws/ZDRnpiIi_TUJ obo:BFO_0000147 zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/031-001 obo:BFO_0000147 a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/031-001 obo:BFO_0000147 (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] obo:BFO_0000147 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000147 zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary obo:BFO_0000148 0d-t-region obo:BFO_0000148 ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion obo:BFO_0000148 a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary obo:BFO_0000148 right now obo:BFO_0000148 the moment at which a child is born obo:BFO_0000148 the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident obo:BFO_0000148 the moment of death. obo:BFO_0000148 temporal instant. obo:BFO_0000148 obo:obi.owl obo:BFO_0000148 obo:opmi.owl obo:BFO_0000148 A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/102-001 obo:BFO_0000148 A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001]) obo:BFO_0000148 (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/102-001 obo:BFO_0000148 (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] obo:BFO_0000148 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000148 zero-dimensional temporal region obo:BFO_0000179 BFO OWL specification label obo:BFO_0000179 Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification. obo:BFO_0000179 Really of interest to developers only obo:BFO_0000179 BFO OWL specification label obo:BFO_0000179 BFO OWL specification label obo:BFO_0000180 BFO CLIF specification label obo:BFO_0000180 Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2 obo:BFO_0000180 Person:Alan Ruttenberg obo:BFO_0000180 Really of interest to developers only obo:BFO_0000180 BFO CLIF specification label obo:BFO_0000180 BFO CLIF specification label obo:BFO_0000182 history obo:BFO_0000182 History http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/138-001 obo:BFO_0000182 A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001]) obo:BFO_0000182 obo:bfo.owl obo:BFO_0000182 history obo:CHEBI_23367 molecular entity obo:CHEBI_23367 Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. obo:CHEBI_23367 We are assuming that every molecular entity has to be completely connected by chemical bonds. This excludes protein complexes, which are comprised of minimally two separate molecular entities. We will follow up with Chebi to ensure this is their understanding as well obo:CHEBI_23367 obo:chebi.owl obo:CHEBI_23367 obo:dron.owl obo:CHEBI_23367 obo:obi.owl obo:CHEBI_23367 obo:opmi.owl obo:CHEBI_23367 molecular entity obo:CHEBI_23367 chebi_ontology obo:CHEBI_23367 entidad molecular obo:CHEBI_23367 entidades moleculares obo:CHEBI_23367 entite moleculaire obo:CHEBI_23367 molecular entities obo:CHEBI_23367 molekulare Entitaet obo:CHEBI_23367 CHEBI:23367 obo:CHEBI_23367 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/chebi#3_STAR obo:CHEBI_23367 molecular entity obo:CHEBI_24431 A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances. obo:CHEBI_24431 obo:chebi.owl obo:CHEBI_24431 obo:dron.owl obo:CHEBI_24431 obo:opmi.owl obo:CHEBI_24431 chemical entity obo:CHEBI_24431 chebi_ontology obo:CHEBI_24431 CHEBI:24431 obo:CHEBI_24431 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/chebi#3_STAR obo:CHEBI_24431 chemical entity https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000001 An identifier(s) (ID), if any, other than the organization's Unique Protocol Identification Number or the NCT number that is assigned to the clinical study. This includes any unique clinical study identifiers assigned by other publicly available clinical trial registries. If the clinical study is funded in whole or in part by a U.S. Federal Government agency, the complete grant or contract number must be submitted as a Secondary ID. https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:CTO_0000001 Other identifiers besides the Trial Identifying Number allocated by the Primary Registry, if any. obo:CTO_0000001 secondary identifier obo:CTO_0000002 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Australian New Zealand clinical trials registry (ANZCTR). The format for the registry number is “ACTRN” followed by a 14-digit number, e.g., ACTRN12620000457943. obo:CTO_0000002 ANZCTR identifier obo:CTO_0000002 Australian New Zealand clinical trials registry identifier obo:CTO_0000002 http://www.anzctr.org.au/ obo:CTO_0000002 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000003 Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000003 ANZCTR obo:CTO_0000003 Australian New Zealand clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000003 http://www.anzctr.org.au/ obo:CTO_0000003 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000004 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Peruvian clinical trial registry (REPEC). The format for the registry number is “PER-” followed by a 3-digit number, followed by a hyphen, followed by a 2-digit number e.g., PER-010-20. obo:CTO_0000004 REPEC identifier obo:CTO_0000004 Peruvian clinical trial registry identifier obo:CTO_0000004 https://ensayosclinicos-repec.ins.gob.pe/en/ obo:CTO_0000004 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000005 The party or parties involved in the clinical trial who are prevented from having knowledge of the interventions assigned to individual participants. obo:CTO_0000005 blinding obo:CTO_0000005 masking obo:CTO_0000005 masking design obo:CTO_0000005 http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ obo:CTO_0000005 http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000006 Participants are expressly assigned to intervention groups through a non-random method, such as physician choice obo:CTO_0000006 non-randomized obo:CTO_0000006 nonrandomized obo:CTO_0000006 non-random allocation https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:CTO_0000007 A study record that includes the summary results posted in the ClinicalTrials.gov results database. Summary results information includes participant flow, baseline characteristics, outcome measures, and adverse events (including serious adverse events). obo:CTO_0000007 summary results obo:CTO_0000007 study summary result obo:CTO_0000007 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:CTO_0000008 A description of each secondary outcome measure (or for observational studies, specific secondary measurement[s] or observation[s] used to describe patterns of diseases or traits or associations with exposures, risk factors or treatment). Each secondary outcome measure information includes title, description and time frame. obo:CTO_0000008 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:CTO_0000008 key secondary outcome obo:CTO_0000008 secondary outcome measure information obo:CTO_0000008 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:CTO_0000009 The Iranian registry of clinical trials is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000009 IRCT obo:CTO_0000009 Iranian registry of clinical trials obo:CTO_0000009 http://www.irct.ir/ obo:CTO_0000009 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000010 Any other measurements, excluding post-hoc measures, that will be used to evaluate the intervention(s) or, for observational studies, that are a focus of the study. Each primary outcome measure information includes title, description and time frame. obo:CTO_0000010 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000010 other pre-specified outcome measures obo:CTO_0000010 other outcome measure information obo:CTO_0000011 The Indian clinical trials registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000011 CTRI obo:CTO_0000011 clinical trials registry - India obo:CTO_0000011 Indian clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000011 http://ctri.nic.in/ obo:CTO_0000011 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000012 The Netherlands national trial register is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000012 NTR obo:CTO_0000012 The Netherlands national trial register obo:CTO_0000012 http://www.trialregister.nl/ obo:CTO_0000012 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000013 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Iranian registry of clinical trials (IRCT). The format for the registry number is “IRCT” followed by a 14-digit number, one letter and again one or two numbers, e.g., IRCT20100228003449N29. obo:CTO_0000013 IRCT identifier obo:CTO_0000013 Iranian registry of clinical trials identifier obo:CTO_0000013 http://www.irct.ir/ obo:CTO_0000013 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000014 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the German clinical trials register (DRKS). The format for the registry number is “DRKS” followed by a 8-digit number, e.g., DRKS00000494. obo:CTO_0000014 DRKS identifier obo:CTO_0000014 German clinical trials register identifier obo:CTO_0000014 https://www.drks.de/drks_web/ obo:CTO_0000014 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000015 The Cuban public registry of clinical trials is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000015 RPCEC obo:CTO_0000015 Cuban public registry of clinical trials obo:CTO_0000015 http://registroclinico.sld.cu/en/home obo:CTO_0000015 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:CTO_0000016 For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure. obo:CTO_0000016 outcome measure obo:CTO_0000016 outcome measurement obo:CTO_0000016 clinical trial outcome measurement obo:CTO_0000017 The Pan African clinical trial registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000017 PACTR obo:CTO_0000017 Pan African clinical trial registry obo:CTO_0000017 http://www.pactr.org/ obo:CTO_0000017 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000018 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the The Netherlands national trial register (NTR). The format for the registry number is “NTR” followed by a 1 to 4-digit number, e.g., NL8498. obo:CTO_0000018 NTR identifier obo:CTO_0000018 The Netherlands national trial register identifier obo:CTO_0000018 https://www.trialregister.nl/ obo:CTO_0000018 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000019 The JAPIC (Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center) clinical trials registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000019 JapicCTI obo:CTO_0000019 JAPIC clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000019 https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/ obo:CTO_0000019 https://www.japic.or.jp/ obo:CTO_0000019 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000020 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Pan African clinical trial register. The format for the registry number is “KCT” followed by a 15-digit number, e.g., PACTR202004893013257. obo:CTO_0000020 PACTR identifier obo:CTO_0000020 Pan African clinical trial registry identifier obo:CTO_0000020 https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/ obo:CTO_0000020 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000022 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Chinese clinical trials register (ChiCTR). The format for the registry number is “ChiCTR” followed by a 10-digit number, e.g., ChiCTR2000031589. obo:CTO_0000022 ChiCTR identifier obo:CTO_0000022 Chinese Clinical Trial Register number obo:CTO_0000022 Chinese clinical trail registry identifier obo:CTO_0000022 http://www.chictr.org.cn/enIndex.aspx obo:CTO_0000023 The Lebanese clinical trials registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000023 LBCTR obo:CTO_0000023 Lebanese clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000023 http://lbctr.emro.who.int/ obo:CTO_0000023 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000024 German clinical trials register is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000024 DRKS obo:CTO_0000024 German clinical trials register obo:CTO_0000024 http://www.germanctr.de/ obo:CTO_0000024 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000025 The JMACCT (Japan Medical Association, Center for Clinical Trials) clinical trials registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000025 JMACCT obo:CTO_0000025 JMACCT clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000025 https://dbcentre3.jmacct.med.or.jp/jmactr/Default_Eng.aspx obo:CTO_0000025 https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/ obo:CTO_0000026 adult (18-64) obo:CTO_0000026 age_between_18_and_64 obo:CTO_0000026 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:CTO_0000028 The actual total number of participants that are enrolled in a clinical study obo:CTO_0000028 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000028 enrollment http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html obo:CTO_0000028 sample size obo:CTO_0000028 number of participants obo:CTO_0000028 http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ obo:CTO_0000030 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC). The format for the ReBEC registry number is “RBR-” followed by 6 characters, e.g., RBR-4hb9qs. obo:CTO_0000030 Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials identifier obo:CTO_0000030 ReBEC identifier obo:CTO_0000030 Brazilian clinical trial registry identifier obo:CTO_0000030 http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/ obo:CTO_0000031 Clinical trial phase that is a combination of phases 2 and 3. obo:CTO_0000031 Phase 2/3 obo:CTO_0000031 Phase 2/Phase 3 obo:CTO_0000031 Phase I/II obo:CTO_0000031 clinical trial phase 2/3 obo:CTO_0000031 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000032 data item .... obo:CTO_0000032 study result https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:CTO_0000033 A type of eligibility criteria that indicates whether people who do not have the condition/disease being studied can participate in that clinical study. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000033 Indication that participants who do not have a disease or condition, or related conditions or symptoms, under study in the clinical study are permitted to participate in the clinical study. obo:CTO_0000033 accepts healthy volunteers obo:CTO_0000033 healthy volunteer criterion obo:CTO_0000033 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:CTO_0000034 child (birth-17) obo:CTO_0000034 age_between_birth_and_17_years obo:CTO_0000035 A description of each primary outcome measure (or for observational studies, specific key measurement[s] or observation[s] used to describe patterns of diseases or traits or associations with exposures, risk factors or treatment). Each primary outcome measure information includes title, description and time frame. obo:CTO_0000035 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/doc/EU_Clinical_Trials_Register_Glossary.pdf obo:CTO_0000035 primary end point https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:CTO_0000035 primary outcome(s) obo:CTO_0000035 primary outcome measure information obo:CTO_0000035 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:CTO_0000036 The EU clinical trials register is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000036 EU-CTR obo:CTO_0000036 EU clinical trials register obo:CTO_0000036 https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/ obo:CTO_0000036 https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu obo:CTO_0000036 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000037 The UMIN (University Hospital Medical Information Network Center) clinical trials registry is a Japanese primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000037 UMIN CTR obo:CTO_0000037 UMIN clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000037 https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/ obo:CTO_0000037 https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/ obo:CTO_0000037 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000038 older adult (65+) obo:CTO_0000038 age_older_than_64 obo:CTO_0000038 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:CTO_0000039 Data generated from measurement of experimental variables in a study, or for observational studies, from descriptions of patterns of diseases or traits or associations with exposures, risk factors or treatment. obo:CTO_0000039 outcome measure result https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000040 Indicate whether a clinical study has been reviewed and approved by at least one human subjects protection review board or such review is not required per applicable law (for example, 21 CFR Part 56, 45 CFR Part 46, or other applicable regulation). obo:CTO_0000040 human subjects protection review board status obo:CTO_0000041 ClinicalTrials.gov is a registry of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000041 The Korean clinical trials registry (Clinical Research Information Service (CRiS), Republic of Korea) is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000041 CRiS obo:CTO_0000041 Clinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea obo:CTO_0000041 Korean clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000041 http://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/en/use_guide/cris_introduce.jsp obo:CTO_0000041 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000043 Trials without phases (for example, studies of devices or behavioral interventions). obo:CTO_0000043 N/A obo:CTO_0000043 phase not applicable https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000044 Look back using observations collected predominantly prior to subject selection and enrollment obo:CTO_0000044 retrospective study design obo:CTO_0000045 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the international standard randomised controlled trial register (ISRCT). The format for the registry number is “ISRCTN” followed by a 8-digit number, e.g., ISRCTN14966673. obo:CTO_0000045 ISRCTN obo:CTO_0000045 International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number obo:CTO_0000045 International standard randomised controlled trial register identifier obo:CTO_0000045 http://www.isrctn.com/ obo:CTO_0000045 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000046 Clinical trial phase that is a combination of phases 1 and 2. obo:CTO_0000046 Phase 1/2 obo:CTO_0000046 Phase 1/Phase 2 obo:CTO_0000046 Phase I/II obo:CTO_0000046 clinical trial phase 1/2 obo:CTO_0000046 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000047 Look forward using periodic observations collected predominantly following subject enrollment obo:CTO_0000047 prospective study design obo:CTO_0000048 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Thai clinical trials registry (TCTR). The format for the registry number is “TCTR” followed by a 11-digit number, e.g., TCTR20200405001 obo:CTO_0000048 TCTR identifier obo:CTO_0000048 Thai clinical trials registry identifier obo:CTO_0000048 http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/ obo:CTO_0000048 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000049 The Chinese clinical trial registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000049 ChiCTR obo:CTO_0000049 Chinese clinical trial registry obo:CTO_0000049 http://www.chictr.org.cn/ obo:CTO_0000049 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000050 The Thai clinical trials registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000050 TCTR obo:CTO_0000050 Thai clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000050 http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/ obo:CTO_0000050 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000051 A description of the outcome measure in an interventional study or for observational studies, specific key measurement[s] or observation[s] used to describe patterns of diseases or traits or associations with exposures, risk factors or treatment. obo:CTO_0000051 outcome specification obo:CTO_0000051 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:CTO_0000052 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Indian clinical trial register. The format for the registry number is “CRTI/” followed by a 4-digit number, followed by a slash, followed a 2-digit number, followed by a slash, followed a 6-digit number, e.g., CTRI/2020/03/024402. obo:CTO_0000052 CRTI identifier obo:CTO_0000052 Clinical Trials Registry - India identifier obo:CTO_0000052 Indian clinical trial registry identifier obo:CTO_0000052 http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/login.php obo:CTO_0000052 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000053 The Brazilian clinical trials registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000053 ReBec obo:CTO_0000053 Brazilian clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000053 http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/ obo:CTO_0000053 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000054 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT). The format for the registry number is “jRCTs” followed by a 9-digit number, e.g., JPRN-jRCTs031190227 obo:CTO_0000054 Japan registry of clinical trials identifier obo:CTO_0000054 jRCT clinical trial identifier obo:CTO_0000054 https://jrct.niph.go.jp/ obo:CTO_0000054 https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/ obo:CTO_0000054 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000055 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Cuban public registry of clinical trials (RPCEC). The format for the registry number is “RPCEC” followed by a 8-digit number, e.g., RPCEC00000306. obo:CTO_0000055 RPCEC identifier obo:CTO_0000055 Cuban public registry of clinical trials identifier obo:CTO_0000055 http://registroclinico.sld.cu/en/home obo:CTO_0000055 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000056 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Lebanese clinical trials registry (LBCTR). The format for the registry number is “LBCTR” followed by a 10-digit number, e.g., LBCTR2020043459. obo:CTO_0000056 Lebanese clinical trials registry identifier obo:CTO_0000056 LBCTR identifier obo:CTO_0000056 http://lbctr.emro.who.int/ obo:CTO_0000056 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000073 A primary registry is clinical trial registry in the WHO registry network that meet specific criteria for content, quality and validity, accessibility, unique identification, technical capacity and administration. Primary registries also meet the requirements of the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICMJE). obo:CTO_0000073 primary registry obo:CTO_0000073 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000074 The Peruvian clinical trial registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000074 REPEC obo:CTO_0000074 Peruvian clinical trial registry obo:CTO_0000074 https://ensayosclinicos-repec.ins.gob.pe/en/ obo:CTO_0000074 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000075 The Sri Lanka clinical trials registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000075 SLCTR obo:CTO_0000075 Sri Lanka clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000075 http://www.slctr.lk/ obo:CTO_0000075 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000076 ClinicalTrials.gov is a registry for clinical trials funded and maintained by NIH/NLM in US. obo:CTO_0000076 ClinicalTrials.gov obo:CTO_0000076 US ClinicalTrial.gov registry obo:CTO_0000076 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ obo:CTO_0000077 A clinical trials registry organization is an organization that enables the registration and documentation of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000077 clinical trials registry obo:CTO_0000077 clinical trials registry organization obo:CTO_0000099 clinical trial enrollment obo:CTO_0000100 clinical trial participant obo:CTO_0000101 healthy enrollee obo:CTO_0000102 enrolled patient obo:CTO_0000103 placebo medical intervention obo:CTO_0000104 outcome measurement datum obo:CTO_0000105 primary outcome measurement datum obo:CTO_0000106 secondary outcome measurement datum obo:CTO_0000107 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000107 2021-06-10T13:15:41Z obo:CTO_0000107 investigational molecular entity administration obo:CTO_0000108 investigational molecular entity obo:CTO_0000109 A clinical trial investigate some molecular entity which either will be a new drug or is already an approved drug but looking for new indications or new populations that are not stated in the drug label. obo:CTO_0000109 Asiyah Yu Lin obo:CTO_0000109 drug clinical trial obo:CTO_0000110 a sponsor role that ties to a clinical trial. obo:CTO_0000110 Asiyah Yu Lin obo:CTO_0000110 clinical trial sponsor role obo:CTO_0000111 procedure clinical trIal obo:CTO_0000112 a study design in which neither the subjects nor the investigators are permitted to know which subject is receiving which treatment obo:CTO_0000112 double-blind obo:CTO_0000112 double-blinded obo:CTO_0000112 double blinded design obo:CTO_0000113 a study design in which only the investigators are permitted to know which subject is receiving which treatment obo:CTO_0000113 double blind obo:CTO_0000113 double blinded obo:CTO_0000113 single blinded design obo:CTO_0000114 a study design in which the subjects and the investigators are permitted to know which subject is receiving which treatment obo:CTO_0000114 open blind obo:CTO_0000114 open label obo:CTO_0000114 open blinded design https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000115 Groups of participants are assigned to receive interventions based on prior milestones being reached in the study, such as in some dose escalation and adaptive design studies obo:CTO_0000115 sequential design obo:CTO_0000116 study design with a single group (arm) obo:CTO_0000116 sinlge arm obo:CTO_0000116 single arm design obo:CTO_0000117 primary outcome measurement obo:CTO_0000118 secondary outcome measurement obo:CTO_0000119 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000119 2021-06-10T13:15:58Z obo:CTO_0000119 investigational drug administration obo:CTO_0000120 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000120 2021-06-10T13:16:26Z obo:CTO_0000120 investigational supplement administration obo:CTO_0000121 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag "official_title" <xs:element name="clinical_study"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> ... <xs:element name="official_title" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/> ... obo:CTO_0000121 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000121 2021-06-10T13:26:41Z obo:CTO_0000121 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000121 hasOfficialTitle obo:CTO_0000122 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag "brief_title" <xs:element name="clinical_study"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> ... <xs:element name="brief_title" type="xs:string"/> ... obo:CTO_0000122 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000122 2021-06-10T13:32:02Z obo:CTO_0000122 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000122 hasBriefTitle obo:CTO_0000123 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag "primary completion date" with flag "Actual" <xs:element name="clinical_study"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> ... <xs:element name="primary_completion_date" type="variable_date_struct" minOccurs="0"/> ... obo:CTO_0000123 Asiyah Yu Lin, obo:CTO_0000123 2021-06-10T13:33:12Z obo:CTO_0000123 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000123 hasCompletionDate obo:CTO_0000124 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag "start_date" with flag "Actual". <xs:element name="clinical_study"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> ... <xs:element name="start_date" type="variable_date_struct" minOccurs="0"/> obo:CTO_0000124 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000124 2021-06-10T13:35:06Z obo:CTO_0000124 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000124 hasStartDate obo:CTO_0000125 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag "phase": <xs:simpleType name="phase_enum"> <xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:enumeration value="N/A"/> <xs:enumeration value="Early Phase 1"/> <xs:enumeration value="Phase 1"/> <xs:enumeration value="Phase 1/Phase 2"/> <xs:enumeration value="Phase 2"/> <xs:enumeration value="Phase 2/Phase 3"/> <xs:enumeration value="Phase 3"/> <xs:enumeration value="Phase 4"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> obo:CTO_0000125 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000125 2021-06-10T13:36:18Z obo:CTO_0000125 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000125 hasPhase obo:CTO_0000126 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag "Principal Investigator", a type of "responsible party" <xs:simpleType name="role_enum"> <xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:enumeration value="Principal Investigator"/> <xs:enumeration value="Sub-Investigator"/> <xs:enumeration value="Study Chair"/> <xs:enumeration value="Study Director"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> obo:CTO_0000126 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000126 2021-06-10T13:42:36Z obo:CTO_0000126 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000126 has investigator obo:CTO_0000127 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag "collaborator", a type of "sponsors" <!-- === Sponsors ==================================================== --> <xs:complexType name="sponsors_struct"> <xs:sequence> <xs:element name="lead_sponsor" type="sponsor_struct"/> <xs:element name="collaborator" type="sponsor_struct" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> obo:CTO_0000127 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000127 2021-06-10T13:45:21Z obo:CTO_0000127 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000127 has collaborator obo:CTO_0000128 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag: "overall_contact" <xs:element name="clinical_study"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> ... <xs:element name="overall_contact" type="contact_struct" minOccurs="0"/> ... obo:CTO_0000128 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000128 2021-06-10T13:46:58Z obo:CTO_0000128 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000128 has contact obo:CTO_0000129 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag : "location_countries" <xs:element name="clinical_study"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> ... <xs:element name="location_countries" type="countries_struct" minOccurs="0"/> ... obo:CTO_0000129 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000129 2021-06-10T13:47:26Z obo:CTO_0000129 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000129 has clinical trial site obo:CTO_0000130 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag "lead_sponsor", a type of "sponsors" <!-- === Sponsors ==================================================== --> <xs:complexType name="sponsors_struct"> <xs:sequence> <xs:element name="lead_sponsor" type="sponsor_struct"/> <xs:element name="collaborator" type="sponsor_struct" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> obo:CTO_0000130 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000130 2021-06-10T13:47:47Z obo:CTO_0000130 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000130 has primary sponsor obo:CTO_0000131 Corresponding to CT.gov XML tag "agency" <!-- === Sponsor ===================================================== --> <xs:simpleType name="agency_class_enum"> <xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:enumeration value="NIH"/> <xs:enumeration value="U.S. Fed"/> <xs:enumeration value="Industry"/> <xs:enumeration value="Other"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> <xs:complexType name="sponsor_struct"> <xs:sequence> <xs:element name="agency" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="agency_class" type="agency_class_enum" minOccurs="0"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> obo:CTO_0000131 Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang "Leon" Li obo:CTO_0000131 2021-06-10T13:48:23Z obo:CTO_0000131 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd obo:CTO_0000131 has funding agency obo:CTO_0000132 A clinical trial is conducted for the purpose of demonstrating the efficacy of a new drug in order to obtain its marketing approval by regulatory authorities (e.g. FDA in the United States and EMA in Europe). The pivotal clinical trial usually is a Phase III clinical trial, but exceptionally phase 2 studies could also be utilized as pivotal trials. obo:CTO_0000132 This is the same terms as the pre-version of this ontology: Clinical Trials Ontology - Neurodegenerative Diseases: http://www.co-ode.org/ontologies/ont.owl#Pivotal_trial obo:CTO_0000132 pivotal trial obo:CTO_0000132 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivotal_trial obo:CTO_0000132 https://www.sofpromed.com/pivotal-clinical-trials-frequently-asked-questions/ obo:CTO_0000132 Asiyah Yu Lin obo:CTO_0000132 2021-06-10T16:49:17Z obo:CTO_0000132 pivotal clinical trial obo:CTO_0000200 The main objective of the intervention(s) being evaluated by the clinical trial. obo:CTO_0000200 primary purpose of clinical trial obo:CTO_0000200 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000200 clinical trial primary purpose specification obo:CTO_0000201 The quality of a clinical trial that studies a drug or biological product. The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. According to USA FDA, there are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. obo:CTO_0000201 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000201 clinical trial stage obo:CTO_0000201 https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/help/glossary/phase obo:CTO_0000201 phase obo:CTO_0000201 clinical trial phase obo:CTO_0000201 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:CTO_0000202 A clinical trial phase that is designed to use an investigational agent that is available only in very limited quantities and which has never previously given to humans or for which there is extremely limited human experience. Phase 0 clinical trials are intended to enable researchers to understand the path of the drug in the body and its efficacy. Adverse event reporting in Phase 0 trials is expedited. [def-source: NCI] obo:CTO_0000202 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000202 obo:CTO_0000202 Early Phase 1 obo:CTO_0000202 Pre-Clinical Phase obo:CTO_0000202 clinical trial phase 0 obo:CTO_0000202 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C54721 obo:CTO_0000202 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial obo:CTO_0000202 C1882358 obo:CTO_0000202 C54721 obo:CTO_0000202 clinical trial early phase 1 obo:CTO_0000203 A clinical trial phase that represents the first-in-man trial, which tests within a small group of people (typically 20-80) to evaluate safety, determine safe dosage ranges, and begin to identify side effects. A drug's side effects could be subtle or long term, or may only happen with a few people, so phase 1 trials are not expected to identify all side effects. obo:CTO_0000203 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000203 Phase 1 obo:CTO_0000203 Phase I obo:CTO_0000203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15600 obo:CTO_0000203 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial obo:CTO_0000203 C0920321 obo:CTO_0000203 C15600 obo:CTO_0000203 clinical trial phase 1 obo:CTO_0000204 A clinical trial phase that is designed to study a biomedical or behavioral intervention in a larger group of people (several hundred), to evaluate the drug's effectiveness for a particular indication in patients with the disease or condition under study, and to determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the intervention. [def-source: NCI] obo:CTO_0000204 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000204 Phase II obo:CTO_0000204 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15601 obo:CTO_0000204 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial obo:CTO_0000204 C0282460 obo:CTO_0000204 C15601 obo:CTO_0000204 clinical trial phase 2 obo:CTO_0000205 A clinical trial phase that is designed to investigate the efficacy of the biomedical or behavioral intervention in large groups of human subjects (from several hundred to several thousand), to confirm efficacy, to monitor adverse reactions to the new medication or treatment regimen with respect to long-term use and by comparing the intervention to other standard or experimental interventions as well as to a placebo. [def-source: NCI] obo:CTO_0000205 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000205 Phase III obo:CTO_0000205 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15602 obo:CTO_0000205 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial obo:CTO_0000205 C0282461 obo:CTO_0000205 C15602 obo:CTO_0000205 clinical trial phase 3 obo:CTO_0000206 A clinical trial phase that is designed for a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of a drug for a given indication. Often they are designed to study side effects that may have become apparent after the phase III study was completed. [def-source: NCI] obo:CTO_0000206 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000206 Phase IV obo:CTO_0000206 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial obo:CTO_0000206 C0282462 obo:CTO_0000206 C15603 obo:CTO_0000206 clinical trial phase 4 obo:CTO_0000207 A clinical trial that is at Early Phase 1 or Phase 0 obo:CTO_0000207 A clinical trial that is at an Early Phase i or Phase 0, which is designed to use an investigational agent that is available only in very limited quantities and which has never previously given to humans or for which there is extremely limited human experience. Phase 0 clinical trials are intended to enable researchers to understand the path of the drug in the body and its efficacy. Adverse event reporting in Phase 0 trials is expedited. [def-source: NCI] https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000207 Exploratory trials, involving very limited human exposure, with no therapeutic or diagnostic intent (e.g., screening studies, microdose studies). (Formerly listed as "Phase 0") obo:CTO_0000207 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000207 Phase 0 clinical trial obo:CTO_0000207 Phase 0 trial obo:CTO_0000207 Pre-Clinical Trial obo:CTO_0000207 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C54721 obo:CTO_0000207 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial obo:CTO_0000207 Early Phase 1 clinical trial obo:CTO_0000208 EudraCT Number: 2007-002422-29 obo:CTO_0000208 Qingliang Leon Li, Asiyah Yu Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000208 EudraCT identifier obo:CTO_0000208 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EudraCT obo:CTO_0000208 https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search obo:CTO_0000208 https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=eudract obo:CTO_0000208 European clinical trial registry identifier obo:CTO_0000208 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/ obo:CTO_0000209 Qingliang Leon Li, Asiyah Yu Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000209 https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/NIPH%20Clinical%20Trials%20Search%20of%20Japan obo:CTO_0000209 https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/ obo:CTO_0000209 Japan clinical trial identifier obo:CTO_0000209 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/jprn2/en/ obo:CTO_0000210 Qingliang Leon Li, Asiyah Yu Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000210 JapicCTI obo:CTO_0000210 https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/ obo:CTO_0000210 JAPIC clinical trial identifier obo:CTO_0000211 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in JMACCT. The format for the JMACCT registry number is “JMA-IIA” followed by a 5-digit number, e.g., JMA-IIA00391. obo:CTO_0000211 Qingliang Leon Li, Asiyah Yu Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000211 JMACCT obo:CTO_0000211 https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/ obo:CTO_0000211 JMACCT clinical trial identifier obo:CTO_0000212 A Japan clinical trial identifier provided by the University Hospital Medical Information Network Center (UMIN-CTR) obo:CTO_0000212 Qingliang Leon Li, Asiyah Yu Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000212 UMIN obo:CTO_0000212 https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/ obo:CTO_0000212 UMIN-CTR clinical trial identifier obo:CTO_0000213 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov. The format for the ClinicalTrials.gov registry number is “NCT” followed by an 8-digit number, e.g.: NCT00000419. obo:CTO_0000213 Qingliang Leon Li, Asiyah Yu Lin, Oliver He obo:CTO_0000213 NCT identifier obo:CTO_0000213 NCT number obo:CTO_0000213 National Clinical Trial identifier obo:CTO_0000213 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-site/link-to obo:CTO_0000213 https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/clin_trials.html obo:CTO_0000213 USA National Clinical Trial identifier obo:CTO_0000214 The date on which a study starts obo:CTO_0000214 study start date obo:CTO_0000215 The date that the final participant was examined or received an intervention for the purposes of final collection of data for the primary outcome, whether the clinical study concluded according to the pre-specified protocol or was terminated. In the case of clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all of the primary outcomes. obo:CTO_0000215 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000215 primary completion obo:CTO_0000215 clinical trial primary completion date obo:CTO_0000216 The date the final participant was examined or received an intervention for purposes of final collection of data for the primary and secondary outcome measures and adverse events (for example, last participant’s last visit), whether the clinical study concluded according to the pre-specified protocol or was terminated. obo:CTO_0000216 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html obo:CTO_0000216 completion date obo:CTO_0000216 clinical trial study completion date obo:CTO_0000217 A textual entity that is the title of a clinical trial obo:CTO_0000217 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000217 title of clinical trial obo:CTO_0000218 A title of clinical trial that is meant for lay people understanding obo:CTO_0000218 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000218 brief title obo:CTO_0000218 lay title obo:CTO_0000218 public title obo:CTO_0000218 lay title of clinical trial obo:CTO_0000218 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:CTO_0000219 A title of clinical trial that is recorded as official obo:CTO_0000219 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000219 full title obo:CTO_0000219 scientific title obo:CTO_0000219 official title of clinical trial obo:CTO_0000219 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:CTO_0000220 a clinical trial is a medical interventional study where participants are assigned prospectively to an intervention or interventions according to a protocol to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the intervention(s) on biomedical or other health related outcomes. The Interventions include but are not restricted to drugs, cells and other biological products, surgical procedures, radiologic procedures, devices, behavioral treatments, process-of-care changes, preventive care, etc. obo:CTO_0000220 Oliver He, Asiyah Yu Lin, Qingliang Li obo:CTO_0000220 interventional trial obo:CTO_0000220 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/search/map obo:CTO_0000220 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial obo:CTO_0000220 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:CTO_0000220 https://www.who.int/ictrp/en/ obo:CTO_0000220 clinical trial obo:DRON_00000005 a material entity (1) containing at least one scattered molecular aggregate as part that is the bearer of an active ingredient role and (2) that is itself the bearer of a clinical drug role obo:DRON_00000005 William Hogan obo:DRON_00000005 obo:dron.owl obo:DRON_00000005 William Hogan obo:DRON_00000005 drug product obo:ERO_0000017 epidemiological study obo:ERO_0000017 A study of the populations and demographic of the avian flu. obo:ERO_0000017 obo:IAO_0000120 obo:ERO_0000017 A human study of diseases in populations of humans or other animals, specifically how, when and where they occur. Epidemiological studies can never prove causation, epidemiological evidence can only show that this risk factor is correlated with a higher incidence of disease in the population exposed to that risk factor. The higher the correlation the more certain the association, but it cannot prove the causation. obo:ERO_0000017 PERSON: Karen Corday obo:ERO_0000017 http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/TIB/epidemiology.html obo:ERO_0000017 obo:ero.owl obo:ERO_0000017 epidemiological study https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:ERO_0000348 single group of individuals with specific characteristics. obo:ERO_0001092 A blood pressure monitor is a medical device. obo:ERO_0001092 obo:IAO_0000120 obo:ERO_0001092 An instrument used in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions or for use in the care, treatment, or prevention of disease that does not achieve any of its primary intended purposes by chemical action or by being metabolized. obo:ERO_0001092 PERSON: Nicole Vasilevsky obo:ERO_0001092 http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/medical+device obo:ERO_0001092 obo:ero.owl obo:ERO_0001092 medical device obo:ERO_0001402 obo:IAO_0000123 obo:ERO_0001402 A preliminary study to determine the practicability of a proposed health program or procedure or of a larger study and to appraise the factors that may influence its practicability. A feasibility study aims to discover those things which may affect successful study conduct on a larger scale. obo:ERO_0001402 PERSON: Melanie Wilson obo:ERO_0001402 Dictionary of Epidemiology, 5th edition. obo:ERO_0001402 obo:ero.owl obo:ERO_0001402 feasibility study obo:ERO_0001843 obo:IAO_0000123 obo:ERO_0001843 An organization dedicated to the collection, storage and dissemination of a set of scientific or clinical data. obo:ERO_0001843 PERSON: Nicole Vasilevsky obo:ERO_0001843 PERSON: Scott Hoffmann obo:ERO_0001843 obo:ero.owl obo:ERO_0001843 registry obo:ERO_0001843 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:IAO_0000005 objective specification obo:IAO_0000005 In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction. obo:IAO_0000005 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000005 A directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved. obo:IAO_0000005 2009-03-16: original definition when imported from OBI read: "objective is an non realizable information entity which can serve as that proper part of a plan towards which the realization of the plan is directed." obo:IAO_0000005 2014-03-31: In the example of usage ("In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction") there is a protocol which is the ChIP assay protocol. In addition to being concretized on paper, the protocol can be concretized as a realizable entity, such as a plan that inheres in a person. The objective specification is the part that says that some protein and DNA interactions are identified. This is a specification of a process endpoint: the boundary in the process before which they are not identified and after which they are. During the realization of the plan, the goal is to get to the point of having the interactions, and participants in the realization of the plan try to do that. obo:IAO_0000005 Answers the question, why did you do this experiment? obo:IAO_0000005 PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000005 PERSON: Barry Smith obo:IAO_0000005 PERSON: Bjoern Peters obo:IAO_0000005 PERSON: Jennifer Fostel obo:IAO_0000005 goal specification obo:IAO_0000005 OBI Plan and Planned Process/Roles Branch obo:IAO_0000005 OBI_0000217 obo:IAO_0000005 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000005 objective specification obo:IAO_0000007 Pour the contents of flask 1 into flask 2 obo:IAO_0000007 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000007 A directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take. obo:IAO_0000007 Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000007 OBI Plan and Planned Process branch obo:IAO_0000007 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000007 action specification obo:IAO_0000027 data item obo:IAO_0000027 Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries. obo:IAO_0000027 obo:IAO_0000125 obo:IAO_0000027 a data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. obo:IAO_0000027 a data item that is about the outcome measured by a clinical trial. obo:IAO_0000027 2/2/2009 Alan and Bjoern discussing FACS run output data. This is a data item because it is about the cell population. Each element records an event and is typically further composed a set of measurment data items that record the fluorescent intensity stimulated by one of the lasers. obo:IAO_0000027 2009-03-16: data item deliberatly ambiguous: we merged data set and datum to be one entity, not knowing how to define singular versus plural. So data item is more general than datum. obo:IAO_0000027 2009-03-16: removed datum as alternative term as datum specifically refers to singular form, and is thus not an exact synonym. obo:IAO_0000027 2014-03-31: See discussion at http://odontomachus.wordpress.com/2014/03/30/aboutness-objects-propositions/ obo:IAO_0000027 JAR: datum -- well, this will be very tricky to define, but maybe some information-like stuff that might be put into a computer and that is meant, by someone, to denote and/or to be interpreted by some process... I would include lists, tables, sentences... I think I might defer to Barry, or to Brian Cantwell Smith JAR: A data item is an approximately justified approximately true approximate belief obo:IAO_0000027 PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000027 PERSON: Chris Stoeckert obo:IAO_0000027 PERSON: Jonathan Rees obo:IAO_0000027 data obo:IAO_0000027 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000027 obo:ogms.owl obo:IAO_0000027 data item obo:IAO_0000030 information content entity obo:IAO_0000030 Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs. obo:IAO_0000030 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000030 A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing. obo:IAO_0000030 An information content entity is an entity that is generically dependent on some artifact and stands in relation of aboutness to some entity obo:IAO_0000030 2014-03-10: The use of "thing" is intended to be general enough to include universals and configurations (see https://groups.google.com/d/msg/information-ontology/GBxvYZCk1oc/-L6B5fSBBTQJ). obo:IAO_0000030 information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity. obo:IAO_0000030 PERSON: Chris Stoeckert obo:IAO_0000030 OBI_0000142 obo:IAO_0000030 obo:dron.owl obo:IAO_0000030 obo:envo.owl obo:IAO_0000030 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000030 obo:ico.owl obo:IAO_0000030 obo:obi.owl obo:IAO_0000030 obo:ogms.owl obo:IAO_0000030 obo:omrse.owl obo:IAO_0000030 obo:ontoneo.owl obo:IAO_0000030 obo:opmi.owl obo:IAO_0000030 obo:pdro.owl obo:IAO_0000030 information content entity obo:IAO_0000030 information content entity obo:IAO_0000033 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000033 An information content entity whose concretizations indicate to their bearer how to realize them in a process. obo:IAO_0000033 2009-03-16: provenance: a term realizable information entity was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000337) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was "is the specification of a process that can be concretized and realized by an actor" with alternative term "instruction".It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term. obo:IAO_0000033 2013-05-30 Alan Ruttenberg: What differentiates a directive information entity from an information concretization is that it can have concretizations that are either qualities or realizable entities. The concretizations that are realizable entities are created when an individual chooses to take up the direction, i.e. has the intention to (try to) realize it. obo:IAO_0000033 8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Changed label from "information entity about a realizable" after discussions at ICBO obo:IAO_0000033 Werner pushed back on calling it realizable information entity as it isn't realizable. However this name isn't right either. An example would be a recipe. The realizable entity would be a plan, but the information entity isn't about the plan, it, once concretized, *is* the plan. -Alan obo:IAO_0000033 PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000033 PERSON: Bjoern Peters obo:IAO_0000033 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000033 obo:obi.owl obo:IAO_0000033 directive information entity obo:IAO_0000078 curation status specification obo:IAO_0000078 obo:IAO_0000125 obo:IAO_0000078 The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. obo:IAO_0000078 Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting) obo:IAO_0000078 PERSON:Bill Bug obo:IAO_0000078 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000078 OBI_0000266 obo:IAO_0000078 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000078 curation status specification obo:IAO_0000088 report obo:IAO_0000088 Examples of reports are gene lists and investigation reports. These are not published (journal) articles but may be included in a journal article. obo:IAO_0000088 obo:IAO_0000125 obo:IAO_0000088 a document assembled by an author for the purpose of providing information for the audience. A report is the output of a documenting process and has the objective to be consumed by a specific audience. Topic of the report is on something that has completed. A report is not a single figure. Examples of reports are journal article, patent application, grant progress report, case report (not patient record) obo:IAO_0000088 2009-03-16: comment from Darren Natale: I am slightly uneasy with the sentence "Topic of the report is on something that has completed." Should it be restricted to those things that are completed? For example, a progress report is (usually) about something that definitely has *not* been completed, or may include (only) projections. I think the definition would not suffer if the whole sentence is deleted. obo:IAO_0000088 2009-03-16: this was report of results with definition: A report is a narrative object that is a formal statement of the results of an investigation, or of any matter on which definite information is required, made by some person or body instructed or required to do so. obo:IAO_0000088 2009-03-16: work has been done on this term during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI. obo:IAO_0000088 2009-08-10 Alan Ruttenberg: Larry Hunter suggests that this be obsoleted and replaced by 'document'. Alan restored as there are OBI dependencies and this merits further discussion obo:IAO_0000088 disagreement about where reports go. alan: only some gene lists are reports. Is a report all the content of some document? The example of usage suggests that a report may be part of some article. Term needs clarification obo:IAO_0000088 PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000088 PERSON: Melanie Courtot obo:IAO_0000088 PERSON:Chris Stoeckert obo:IAO_0000088 GROUP: OBI obo:IAO_0000088 OBI_0000099 obo:IAO_0000088 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000088 report obo:IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term obo:IAO_0000102 Person:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000102 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part obo:IAO_0000104 plan specification obo:IAO_0000104 PMID: 18323827.Nat Med. 2008 Mar;14(3):226.New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice. obo:IAO_0000104 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000104 A directive information entity with action specifications and objective specifications as parts that, when concretized, is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives by taking the actions specified. obo:IAO_0000104 2009-03-16: provenance: a term a plan was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000344) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was " a plan is a specification of a process that is realized by an actor to achieve the objective specified as part of the plan". It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term. obo:IAO_0000104 2014-03-31: A plan specification can have other parts, such as conditional specifications. obo:IAO_0000104 Alternative previous definition: a plan is a set of instructions that specify how an objective should be achieved obo:IAO_0000104 Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000104 OBI Plan and Planned Process branch obo:IAO_0000104 OBI_0000344 obo:IAO_0000104 obo:obi.owl obo:IAO_0000104 2/3/2009 Comment from OBI review. Action specification not well enough specified. Conditional specification not well enough specified. Question whether all plan specifications have objective specifications. Request that IAO either clarify these or change definitions not to use them obo:IAO_0000104 plan specification obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred label obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred label obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred term obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred term obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred term~editor preferred label obo:IAO_0000111 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000111 The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English) obo:IAO_0000111 PERSON:Daniel Schober obo:IAO_0000111 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000111 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred label obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred label obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred term obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred term obo:IAO_0000111 editor preferred term~editor preferred label obo:IAO_0000112 example obo:IAO_0000112 example of usage obo:IAO_0000112 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000112 A phrase describing how a class name should be used. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding of a class semantics, such as widely known prototypical subclasses or instances of the class. Although essential for high level terms, examples for low level terms (e.g., Affymetrix HU133 array) are not obo:IAO_0000112 A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold. obo:IAO_0000112 PERSON:Daniel Schober obo:IAO_0000112 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000112 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000112 example of usage obo:IAO_0000112 example of usage obo:IAO_0000114 has curation status obo:IAO_0000114 PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000114 PERSON:Bill Bug obo:IAO_0000114 PERSON:Melanie Courtot obo:IAO_0000114 OBI_0000281 obo:IAO_0000114 has curation status obo:IAO_0000114 has curation status obo:IAO_0000115 definition obo:IAO_0000115 definition obo:IAO_0000115 textual definition obo:IAO_0000115 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000115 A property representing the English language definitions of what NCI means by the concept. They may also include information about the definition's source and attribution in a form that can easily be interpreted by software. obo:IAO_0000115 English language definitions of what NCI means by the concept. These are limited to 1024 characters. They may also include information about the definition's source and attribution in a form that can easily be interpreted by software. obo:IAO_0000115 The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. obo:IAO_0000115 The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. obo:IAO_0000115 2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. obo:IAO_0000115 2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. obo:IAO_0000115 PERSON:Daniel Schober obo:IAO_0000115 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000115 DEFINITION obo:IAO_0000115 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000115 definition obo:IAO_0000115 definition obo:IAO_0000115 textual definition obo:IAO_0000116 editor note obo:IAO_0000116 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000116 An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology. obo:IAO_0000116 PERSON:Daniel Schober obo:IAO_0000116 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obfoundry.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000116 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obofoundry.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000116 IAO:0000116 obo:IAO_0000116 uberon obo:IAO_0000116 editor_note obo:IAO_0000116 1 obo:IAO_0000116 editor_note obo:IAO_0000116 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000116 editor note obo:IAO_0000116 editor note obo:IAO_0000117 definition editor obo:IAO_0000117 term editor obo:IAO_0000117 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000117 Name of editor entering the definition in the file. The definition editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The definition editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people obo:IAO_0000117 Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people obo:IAO_0000117 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See http://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/issues/detail?id=115. obo:IAO_0000117 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115. obo:IAO_0000117 PERSON:Daniel Schober obo:IAO_0000117 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000117 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000117 definition editor obo:IAO_0000117 definition editor obo:IAO_0000117 term editor obo:IAO_0000117 term editor obo:IAO_0000118 alternative term obo:IAO_0000118 obo:IAO_0000125 obo:IAO_0000118 An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent) obo:IAO_0000118 PERSON:Daniel Schober obo:IAO_0000118 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000118 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000118 alternative term obo:IAO_0000118 alternative term obo:IAO_0000119 definition source obo:IAO_0000119 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000119 Formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 obo:IAO_0000119 formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 obo:IAO_0000119 PERSON:Daniel Schober obo:IAO_0000119 Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w obo:IAO_0000119 Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w obo:IAO_0000119 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000119 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000119 definition source obo:IAO_0000119 definition source obo:IAO_0000122 ready for release obo:IAO_0000123 metadata incomplete obo:IAO_0000125 pending final vetting obo:IAO_0000136 is about obo:IAO_0000232 curator note obo:IAO_0000232 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:IAO_0000232 An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user obo:IAO_0000232 PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000232 IAO:0000232 obo:IAO_0000232 uberon obo:IAO_0000232 curator_notes obo:IAO_0000232 1 obo:IAO_0000232 curator_notes obo:IAO_0000232 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000232 curator note obo:IAO_0000232 curator note obo:IAO_0000232 curator notes obo:IAO_0000233 term tracker item obo:IAO_0000233 the URI for an OBI Terms ticket at sourceforge, such as https://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/772/ obo:IAO_0000233 obo:IAO_0000125 obo:IAO_0000233 An IRI or similar locator for a request or discussion of an ontology term. obo:IAO_0000233 Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000233 Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000233 The 'tracker item' can associate a tracker with a specific ontology term. obo:IAO_0000233 term tracker item obo:IAO_0000300 textual entity obo:IAO_0000300 Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities obo:IAO_0000300 obo:IAO_0000123 obo:IAO_0000300 A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc. obo:IAO_0000300 AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc. obo:IAO_0000300 MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities. obo:IAO_0000300 PERSON: Lawrence Hunter obo:IAO_0000300 text obo:IAO_0000300 obo:obi.owl obo:IAO_0000300 textual entity obo:IAO_0000310 document obo:IAO_0000310 A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book obo:IAO_0000310 obo:IAO_0000120 obo:IAO_0000310 A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole obo:IAO_0000310 PERSON: Lawrence Hunter obo:IAO_0000310 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000310 document obo:IAO_0000412 imported from obo:IAO_0000412 obo:IAO_0000125 obo:IAO_0000412 For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported obo:IAO_0000412 PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000412 PERSON:Melanie Courtot obo:IAO_0000412 GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> obo:IAO_0000412 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000412 imported from obo:IAO_0000412 imported from obo:IAO_0000422 obo:IAO_0000123 obo:IAO_0000422 A textual entity that is used as directive to deliver something to a person, or organization obo:IAO_0000422 2010-05-24 Alan Ruttenberg. Use label for the string representation. See issue https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/59 obo:IAO_0000422 obo:obi.owl obo:IAO_0000422 postal address obo:IAO_0000429 email address obo:IAO_0000429 obo:IAO_0000123 obo:IAO_0000429 Alan Ruttenberg 1/3/2012 - Provisional id, see issue at https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/130&thanks=130&ts=1325636583 obo:IAO_0000429 Person:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000429 Person:Chris Stoeckart obo:IAO_0000429 obo:obi.owl obo:IAO_0000429 email address obo:IAO_0000578 The sentence "The article has Pubmed ID 12345." contains a CRID that has two parts: one part is the CRID symbol, which is '12345'; the other part denotes the CRID registry, which is Pubmed. obo:IAO_0000578 obo:IAO_0000120 obo:IAO_0000578 An information content entity that consists of a CRID symbol and additional information about the CRID registry to which it belongs. obo:IAO_0000578 2014-05-05: In defining this term we take no position on what the CRID denotes. In particular do not assume it denotes a *record* in the CRID registry (since the registry might not have 'records'). obo:IAO_0000578 Alan, IAO call 20101124: potentially the CRID denotes the instance it was associated with during creation. obo:IAO_0000578 Note, IAO call 20101124: URIs are not always CRID, as not centrally registered. We acknowledge that CRID is a subset of a larger identifier class, but this subset fulfills our current needs. OBI PURLs are CRID as they are registered with OCLC. UPCs (Universal Product Codes from AC Nielsen)are not CRID as they are not centrally registered. obo:IAO_0000578 PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000578 PERSON: Bill Hogan obo:IAO_0000578 PERSON: Bjoern Peters obo:IAO_0000578 PERSON: Melanie Courtot obo:IAO_0000578 CRID obo:IAO_0000578 Original proposal from Bjoern, discussions at IAO calls obo:IAO_0000578 obo:iao.owl http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html obo:IAO_0000578 Primary Registry and Trial Identifying Number obo:IAO_0000578 centrally registered identifier obo:IAO_0000600 elucidation obo:IAO_0000600 person:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000600 Person:Barry Smith obo:IAO_0000600 Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms which are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms obo:IAO_0000600 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000600 elucidation obo:IAO_0000600 elucidation obo:IAO_0000601 has associated axiom(nl) obo:IAO_0000601 Person:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000601 Person:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000601 An axiom associated with a term expressed using natural language obo:IAO_0000601 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000601 has associated axiom(nl) obo:IAO_0000601 has associated axiom(nl) obo:IAO_0000602 has associated axiom(fol) obo:IAO_0000602 Person:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000602 Person:Alan Ruttenberg obo:IAO_0000602 An axiom expressed in first order logic using CLIF syntax obo:IAO_0000602 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0000602 has associated axiom(fol) obo:IAO_0000602 has associated axiom(fol) obo:IAO_0010000 obo:iao.owl obo:IAO_0010000 has axiom label obo:MS_1000590 Home institution of the contact person. obo:MS_1000590 obo:ms.owl obo:MS_1000590 value-type:xsd:string obo:MS_1000590 MS obo:MS_1000590 MS:1000590 obo:MS_1000590 contact affiliation obo:NCBITaxon_1 obo:ncbitaxon.owl obo:NCBITaxon_1 GC_ID:1 obo:NCBITaxon_1 ncbi_taxonomy obo:NCBITaxon_1 all obo:NCBITaxon_1 root obo:NCBITaxon_131567 obo:ncbitaxon.owl obo:NCBITaxon_131567 GC_ID:1 obo:NCBITaxon_131567 ncbi_taxonomy obo:NCBITaxon_131567 biota obo:NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms obo:NCBITaxon_2759 obo:ncbitaxon.owl obo:NCBITaxon_2759 obo:NCBITaxon_superkingdom obo:NCBITaxon_2759 GC_ID:1 obo:NCBITaxon_2759 PMID:23020233 obo:NCBITaxon_2759 PMID:30257078 obo:NCBITaxon_2759 eucaryotes obo:NCBITaxon_2759 eukaryotes obo:NCBITaxon_2759 ncbi_taxonomy obo:NCBITaxon_2759 Eucarya obo:NCBITaxon_2759 Eucaryotae obo:NCBITaxon_2759 Eukarya obo:NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryotae obo:NCBITaxon_2759 eukaryotes obo:NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota obo:NCBITaxon_40674 obo:ncbitaxon.owl obo:NCBITaxon_40674 obo:NCBITaxon_class obo:NCBITaxon_40674 GC_ID:1 obo:NCBITaxon_40674 mammals obo:NCBITaxon_40674 ncbi_taxonomy obo:NCBITaxon_40674 mammals obo:NCBITaxon_40674 Mammalia obo:NCBITaxon_7742 obo:ncbitaxon.owl obo:NCBITaxon_7742 GC_ID:1 obo:NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata obo:NCBITaxon_7742 vertebrates obo:NCBITaxon_7742 ncbi_taxonomy obo:NCBITaxon_7742 vertebrates obo:NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata <vertebrates> obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapiens obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapiens obo:NCBITaxon_9606 human obo:NCBITaxon_9606 human being obo:NCBITaxon_9606 man obo:NCBITaxon_9606 person obo:NCBITaxon_9606 obo:envo.owl obo:NCBITaxon_9606 obo:ncbitaxon.owl obo:NCBITaxon_9606 obo:obi.owl obo:NCBITaxon_9606 obo:omrse.owl obo:NCBITaxon_9606 obo:opmi.owl obo:NCBITaxon_9606 obo:NCBITaxon_species obo:NCBITaxon_9606 GC_ID:1 obo:NCBITaxon_9606 human obo:NCBITaxon_9606 man obo:NCBITaxon_9606 ncbi_taxonomy obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Home sapiens obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sampiens obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapeins obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapian obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapians obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapien obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapience obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapiense obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapients obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapines obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo spaiens obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo spiens obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Humo sapiens obo:NCBITaxon_9606 humans obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapiens obo:NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapiens obo:NCIT_A11 A property created to allow the source NICHD to assign a parent to each concept with the intent of creating a hierarchy that includes only terms in which they are the contributing source. obo:NCIT_A11 An association created to allow the source NICHD to assign a parent to each concept with the intent of creating a hierarchy that includes only terms in which they are a contributing source. obo:NCIT_A11 A11 obo:NCIT_A11 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_A11 Has_NICHD_Parent obo:NCIT_A11 Has_NICHD_Parent obo:NCIT_A11 Has_NICHD_Parent obo:NCIT_C115575 Records containing any interim or final results, as well as clinical and statistical descriptions, presentations, analyses and interpretations of any therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic agent used in human subjects in a clinical trial. obo:NCIT_C115575 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C115575 C115575 obo:NCIT_C115575 Intellectual Product obo:NCIT_C115575 Clinical Trial Final Report obo:NCIT_C115575 C3889645 obo:NCIT_C115575 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C115575 CareLex obo:NCIT_C115575 A written description of a trial/study of any therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic agent conducted in human subjects, in which the clinical and statistical description, presentations, and analyses are fully integrated into a single report. [ICH E3] obo:NCIT_C115575 Subcategory name for the eTMF domain used to classify clinical study report documents. obo:NCIT_C115575 CTrial Fin Rept Subcat obo:NCIT_C115575 Central Trial Final Reports Subcategory obo:NCIT_C115575 Clinical Trial Final Report obo:NCIT_C115575 Reports obo:NCIT_C115575 final report obo:NCIT_C115575 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C114548 obo:NCIT_C115575 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C115575 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C115575 Clinical Trial Final Report https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C129000 An observational study that is also considered to be a Patient Registry. This type of study should only be registered once in the Protocol Registration and Results System (PRS), by the sponsor responsible for the primary data collection and analysis. obo:NCIT_C129000 Observational studies which include an organized system that uses observational methods to collect uniform data (clinical and other) prospectively for a population defined by a particular disorder/disease, condition (including susceptibility to a disorder), or exposure (including products, health care services, and/or procedures) and that serves a predetermined scientific, clinical, or policy purpose. Patient registries may be single purpose or on-going data collection programs that address one or more questions. (AHRQ) obo:NCIT_C129000 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C129000 C129000 obo:NCIT_C129000 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C129000 Patient Registry Study obo:NCIT_C129000 C0920631 obo:NCIT_C129000 CDISC obo:NCIT_C129000 Observational studies which include an organized system that uses observational methods to collect uniform data (clinical and other) prospectively for a population defined by a particular disorder/disease, condition (including susceptibility to a disorder), or exposure (including products, health care services, and/or procedures) and that serves a predetermined scientific, clinical, or policy purpose. Patient registries may be single purpose or on-going data collection programs that address one or more questions. (AHRQ) obo:NCIT_C129000 PATIENT REGISTRY obo:NCIT_C129000 Patient Registry Study obo:NCIT_C129000 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C129000 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C129000 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C129000 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C99077 obo:NCIT_C129000 Patient Registry Study obo:NCIT_C139174 An intervention of a device product is being evaluated to determine the feasibility of the product or to test a prototype device and not health outcomes. Such studies are conducted to confirm the design and operating specifications of a device before beginning a full clinical trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov) obo:NCIT_C139174 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C139174 C139174 obo:NCIT_C139174 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C139174 Device Feasibility Study obo:NCIT_C139174 CL526612 obo:NCIT_C139174 CDISC obo:NCIT_C139174 An intervention of a device product is being evaluated to determine the feasibility of the product or to test a prototype device and not health outcomes. Such studies are conducted to confirm the design and operating specifications of a device before beginning a full clinical trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov) obo:NCIT_C139174 DEVICE FEASIBILITY obo:NCIT_C139174 Device Feasibility obo:NCIT_C139174 Device Feasibility Study obo:NCIT_C139174 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C139174 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C147067 obo:NCIT_C139174 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C139174 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66736 obo:NCIT_C139174 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C139174 Device Feasibility Study obo:NCIT_C142175 The nature of the investigation or the investigational use for which clinical study is being done. obo:NCIT_C142175 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C142175 C142175 obo:NCIT_C142175 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C142175 Study Type obo:NCIT_C142175 CL540168 obo:NCIT_C142175 CDISC obo:NCIT_C142175 Describes the role the study plays in determining the interventions a subject receives. obo:NCIT_C142175 STYPE obo:NCIT_C142175 Study Type obo:NCIT_C142175 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C142175 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C142191 obo:NCIT_C142175 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C142175 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66738 obo:NCIT_C142175 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C142175 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67152 obo:NCIT_C142175 Study Type obo:NCIT_C142175 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C142175 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C142660 Participants are assigned to intervention groups by chance obo:NCIT_C142660 The process of resource distribution that is done by chance. obo:NCIT_C142660 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C142660 C142660 obo:NCIT_C142660 Activity obo:NCIT_C142660 Random Allocation obo:NCIT_C142660 CL540611 obo:NCIT_C142660 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C142660 Assignment of subjects to treatment (or control) groups in an unpredictable way. NOTE: in a blinded study, assignment sequences are concealed, but available for disclosure in the event a subject has an adverse experience. obo:NCIT_C142660 Random Allocation obo:NCIT_C142660 random allocation obo:NCIT_C142660 randomized obo:NCIT_C142660 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C142660 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C142660 Random Allocation https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C147141 The main objective of the intervention(s) being evaluated by the clinical trial. obo:NCIT_C147141 The principal reason or intention for the execution of an interventional or non-interventional clinical study. obo:NCIT_C147141 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C147141 C147141 obo:NCIT_C147141 Idea or Concept obo:NCIT_C147141 Study Primary Purpose obo:NCIT_C147141 CL545057 obo:NCIT_C147141 CDISC obo:NCIT_C147141 The principal reason or intention for the execution of an interventional or non-interventional clinical study. (NCI) obo:NCIT_C147141 Study Primary Purpose obo:NCIT_C147141 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C147141 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C147066 obo:NCIT_C147141 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C147141 Study Primary Purpose obo:NCIT_C147141 http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html obo:NCIT_C15238 Application of genetic material (usually DNA) into cells in order to permanently correct an inherited disease or acquired disease. obo:NCIT_C15238 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15238 C15238 obo:NCIT_C15238 Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure obo:NCIT_C15238 Gene Therapy obo:NCIT_C15238 Gene Therapy obo:NCIT_C15238 C0017296 obo:NCIT_C15238 CDISC obo:NCIT_C15238 CTRP obo:NCIT_C15238 Application of genetic material into cells in order to correct an inherited or acquired disease. obo:NCIT_C15238 Treatment of human disease by gene transfer. obo:NCIT_C15238 Treatment that alters a gene. In studies of gene therapy for cancer, researchers are trying to improve the body's natural ability to fight the disease or to make the cancer cells more sensitive to other kinds of therapy. obo:NCIT_C15238 Gene_Therapy obo:NCIT_C15238 Gene therapy techniques attempt to replace a faulty or missing gene associated with a particular disease, mediate localized delivery of a protein producing specified therapeutic effects, or introduce new cellular functions. obo:NCIT_C15238 DNA Therapy obo:NCIT_C15238 GENETIC obo:NCIT_C15238 Gene Therapy obo:NCIT_C15238 Gene Transfer Procedure obo:NCIT_C15238 Gene transfer https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15238 Genetic obo:NCIT_C15238 Intervention, Genetic obo:NCIT_C15238 Molecular Biology, Gene Therapy obo:NCIT_C15238 gene therapy obo:NCIT_C15238 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C116977 obo:NCIT_C15238 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C118169 obo:NCIT_C15238 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C15238 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C15238 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C99078 obo:NCIT_C15238 Gene Therapy obo:NCIT_C15245 A multidisciplinary field of inquiry that examines the costs, quality, accessibility, delivery, organization, financing, and outcomes of health care services. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15245 One or more interventions for evaluating the delivery, processes, management, organization, or financing of healthcare. obo:NCIT_C15245 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15245 C15245 obo:NCIT_C15245 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C15245 Health Services Research obo:NCIT_C15245 C0018757 obo:NCIT_C15245 CDISC obo:NCIT_C15245 A type of study designed to evaluate the delivery, processes, management, organization or financing of health care. (ClinicalTrials.gov) obo:NCIT_C15245 Health_Services_Research obo:NCIT_C15245 HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH obo:NCIT_C15245 Health Services Research obo:NCIT_C15245 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C15245 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C147067 obo:NCIT_C15245 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C15245 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66736 obo:NCIT_C15245 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C15245 Health Services Research obo:NCIT_C15329 A diagnostic or treatment procedure performed by manual and/or instrumental means, often involving an incision and the removal or replacement of a diseased organ or tissue; of or relating to or involving or used in surgery or requiring or amenable to treatment by surgery. obo:NCIT_C15329 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15329 obo:NCIT_C25218 obo:NCIT_C15329 C15329 obo:NCIT_C15329 Health Care Activity obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgical Procedure obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgical Procedure obo:NCIT_C15329 C0543467 obo:NCIT_C15329 CPTAC obo:NCIT_C15329 CTRP obo:NCIT_C15329 NICHD obo:NCIT_C15329 A procedure to remove or repair a part of the body or to find out whether disease is present. An operation. obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgical_Procedure obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgical Procedure obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgery obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgically Treated obo:NCIT_C15329 Operation obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgery obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgical obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgical Interventions obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgical Procedure obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgical Procedures obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgically obo:NCIT_C15329 Type of Surgery obo:NCIT_C15329 surgery obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C116977 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C118169 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C156952 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C156953 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C156954 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C157524 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C157526 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C157527 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C157528 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C157529 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C157530 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C157532 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C157533 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C157534 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C159412 obo:NCIT_C15329 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C90259 obo:NCIT_C15329 Surgical Procedure obo:NCIT_C15329 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15600 A clinical research protocol designed to test a new biomedical intervention in a small group of people for the first time. A Phase I trial can be to establish the toxicity of a new treatment with escalating intensity of the treatment administered and/or to determine the side effects of a new treatment for a particular indication in subjects. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15600 Includes initial studies to determine the metabolism and pharmacologic actions of drugs in humans, the side effects associated with increasing doses, and to gain early evidence of effectiveness; may include healthy participants and/or patients. obo:NCIT_C15600 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15600 C15600 obo:NCIT_C15600 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C15600 Phase I Trial obo:NCIT_C15600 C0920321 obo:NCIT_C15600 CDISC obo:NCIT_C15600 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C15600 The first step in testing a new treatment in humans. These studies test the best way to give a new treatment (for example, by mouth, intravenous infusion, or injection) and the best dose. The dose is usually increased a little at a time in order to find the highest dose that does not cause harmful side effects. Because little is known about the possible risks and benefits of the treatments being tested, phase I trials usually include only a small number of patients who have not been helped by other treatments. obo:NCIT_C15600 The initial introduction of an investigational new drug into humans. Phase 1 studies are typically closely monitored and may be conducted in patients or normal volunteer subjects. NOTE: These studies are designed to determine the metabolism and pharmacologic actions of the drug in humans, the side effects associated with increasing doses, and, if possible, to gain early evidence on effectiveness. During Phase 1, sufficient information about the drug's pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects should be obtained to permit the design of well-controlled, scientifically valid Phase 2 studies. The total number of subjects and patients included in Phase 1 studies varies with the drug, but is generally in the range of 20 to 80. Phase 1 studies also include studies of drug metabolism, structure-activity relationships, and mechanism of action in humans, as well as studies in which investigational drugs are used as research tools to explore biological phenomena or disease processes. [after FDA CDER handbook, ICH E8] obo:NCIT_C15600 The initial introduction of an investigational new drug into humans. Phase 1 studies are typically closely monitored and may be conducted in patients or normal volunteer subjects. NOTE: These studies are designed to determine the metabolism and pharmacologic actions of the drug in humans, the side effects associated with increasing doses, and, if possible, to gain early evidence on effectiveness. During Phase 1, sufficient information about the drug's pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects should be obtained to permit the design of well-controlled, scientifically valid, Phase 2 studies. The total number of subjects and patients included in Phase I studies varies with the drug, but is generally in the range of 20 to 80. Phase 1 studies also include studies of drug metabolism, structure-activity relationships, and mechanism of action in humans, as well as studies in which investigational drugs are used as research tools to explore biological phenomena or disease processes. [After FDA CDER Handbook, ICH E8] (CDISC glossary) obo:NCIT_C15600 Phase_I_Trial obo:NCIT_C15600 1 obo:NCIT_C15600 Clinical Trials, Phase I obo:NCIT_C15600 Early-Stage Clinical Trials obo:NCIT_C15600 PHASE I TRIAL obo:NCIT_C15600 Phase 1 Study obo:NCIT_C15600 Phase I Clinical Trials obo:NCIT_C15600 Phase I Protocol obo:NCIT_C15600 Phase I Study obo:NCIT_C15600 Phase I Trial obo:NCIT_C15600 Trial Phase 1 obo:NCIT_C15600 phase 1 obo:NCIT_C15600 phase I trial obo:NCIT_C15600 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C15600 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C15600 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66737 obo:NCIT_C15600 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C15600 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C15600 Phase I Trial obo:NCIT_C15601 A clinical research protocol designed to study a biomedical or behavioral intervention in a larger group of people (several hundred), to evaluate the drug's effectiveness for a particular indication in patients with the disease or condition under study, and to determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the intervention. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15601 Includes controlled clinical studies conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug for a particular indication or indications in participants with the disease or condition under study and to determine the common short-term side effects and risks. obo:NCIT_C15601 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15601 C15601 obo:NCIT_C15601 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C15601 Phase II Trial obo:NCIT_C15601 C0282460 obo:NCIT_C15601 CDISC obo:NCIT_C15601 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C15601 A study to test whether a new treatment has an anticancer effect (for example, whether it shrinks a tumor or improves blood test results) and whether it works against a certain type of cancer. obo:NCIT_C15601 Controlled clinical studies conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug for a particular indication or indications in patients with the disease or condition under study and to determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the drug. NOTE: Phase 2 studies are typically well controlled, closely monitored, and conducted in a relatively small number of patients, usually involving no more than several hundred subjects. [after FDA CDER handbook, ICH E8] obo:NCIT_C15601 Phase 2. Controlled clinical studies conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug for a particular indication or indications in patients with the disease or condition under study and to determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the drug. NOTE: Phase 2 studies are typically well controlled, closely monitored, and conducted in a relatively small number of patients, usually involving no more than several hundred subjects. [After FDA CDER Handbook, ICH E8] (CDISC glossary) obo:NCIT_C15601 Phase_II_Trial obo:NCIT_C15601 2 obo:NCIT_C15601 Clinical Trials, Phase II obo:NCIT_C15601 PHASE II TRIAL obo:NCIT_C15601 Phase 2 Study obo:NCIT_C15601 Phase II Clinical Trial obo:NCIT_C15601 Phase II Protocol obo:NCIT_C15601 Phase II Study obo:NCIT_C15601 Phase II Trial obo:NCIT_C15601 Trial Phase 2 obo:NCIT_C15601 phase 2 obo:NCIT_C15601 phase II trial obo:NCIT_C15601 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C15601 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C15601 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66737 obo:NCIT_C15601 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C15601 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C15601 Phase II Trial obo:NCIT_C15602 A clinical research protocol designed to investigate the efficacy of the biomedical or behavioral intervention in large groups of human subjects (from several hundred to several thousand), to confirm efficacy, to monitor adverse reactions to the new medication or treatment regimen with respect to long-term use and by comparing the intervention to other standard or experimental interventions as well as to a placebo. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15602 Includes trials conducted after preliminary evidence suggesting effectiveness of the drug has been obtained, and are intended to gather additional information to evaluate the overall benefit-risk relationship of the drug. obo:NCIT_C15602 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15602 C15602 obo:NCIT_C15602 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase III Trial obo:NCIT_C15602 C0282461 obo:NCIT_C15602 CDISC obo:NCIT_C15602 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C15602 A study to compare the results of people taking a new treatment with the results of people taking the standard treatment (for example, which group has better survival rates or fewer side effects). In most cases, studies move into phase III only after a treatment seems to work in phases I and II. Phase III trials may include hundreds of people. obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase 3. Studies are expanded controlled and uncontrolled trials. They are performed after preliminary evidence suggesting effectiveness of the drug has been obtained, and are intended to gather the additional information about effectiveness and safety that is needed to confirm efficacy and evaluate the overall benefit-risk relationship of the drug and to provide an adequate basis for physician labeling. NOTE: Phase 3 studies usually include from several hundred to several thousand subjects. [After FDA CDER Handbook, ICH E8] (CDISC glossary) obo:NCIT_C15602 Studies are expanded controlled and uncontrolled trials. They are performed after preliminary evidence suggesting effectiveness of the drug has been obtained and are intended to gather the additional information about effectiveness and safety that is needed to confirm efficacy and evaluate the overall benefit-risk relationship of the drug and to provide an adequate basis for physician labeling. NOTE: Phase 3 studies usually include from several hundred to several thousand subjects. [after FDA CDER handbook, ICH E8] obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase_III_Trial obo:NCIT_C15602 3 obo:NCIT_C15602 Clinical Trials, Phase III obo:NCIT_C15602 PHASE III TRIAL obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase 3 Study obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase III Clinical Trial obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase III Protocol obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase III Study obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase III Trial obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase III Trials obo:NCIT_C15602 Trial Phase 3 obo:NCIT_C15602 phase 3 obo:NCIT_C15602 phase III trial obo:NCIT_C15602 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C15602 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C15602 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66737 obo:NCIT_C15602 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C15602 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C15602 Phase III Trial obo:NCIT_C15603 A randomized, controlled trial that is designed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of a drug for a given indication. Often they are designed to study side effects that may have become apparent after the phase III study was completed. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15603 Studies of FDA-approved drugs to delineate additional information including the drug's risks, benefits, and optimal use. obo:NCIT_C15603 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15603 C15603 obo:NCIT_C15603 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C15603 Phase IV Trial obo:NCIT_C15603 C0282462 obo:NCIT_C15603 CDISC obo:NCIT_C15603 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C15603 After a treatment has been approved and is being marketed, it is studied in a phase IV trial to evaluate side effects that were not apparent in the phase III trial. Thousands of people are involved in a phase IV trial. obo:NCIT_C15603 Phase 4. Postmarketing (Phase 4) studies to delineate additional information about the drug's risks, benefits, and optimal use that may be requested by regulatory authorities in conjunction with marketing approval. NOTE: These studies could include, but would not be limited to, studying different doses or schedules of administration than were used in Phase 2 studies, use of the drug in other patient populations or other stages of the disease, or use of the drug over a longer period of time. [After FDA CDER Handbook, ICH E8] (CDISC glossary) obo:NCIT_C15603 Post approval studies to delineate additional information about the drug's risks, benefits, and optimal use that may be requested by regulatory authorities in conjunction with marketing approval. NOTE: These studies could include, but would not be limited to, studying different doses or schedules of administration than were used in Phase 2 studies, use of the drug in other patient populations or other stages of the disease, or use of the drug over a longer period of time. [after FDA CDER handbook, ICH E8] obo:NCIT_C15603 Phase_IV_Trial obo:NCIT_C15603 4 obo:NCIT_C15603 Clinical Trials, Phase IV obo:NCIT_C15603 PHASE IV TRIAL obo:NCIT_C15603 Phase 4 Study obo:NCIT_C15603 Phase IV Clinical Trials obo:NCIT_C15603 Phase IV Study obo:NCIT_C15603 Phase IV Trial obo:NCIT_C15603 Trial Phase 4 obo:NCIT_C15603 phase 4 obo:NCIT_C15603 phase IV trial obo:NCIT_C15603 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C15603 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C15603 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66737 obo:NCIT_C15603 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C15603 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C15603 Phase IV Trial obo:NCIT_C15693 A clinical research protocol designed to study the safety, dosage levels and response to new treatment. Phase I/II trials combine a Phase I and a Phase II trial of the same treatment into a single protocol. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15693 Trials that are a combination of phases 1 and 2. obo:NCIT_C15693 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15693 C15693 obo:NCIT_C15693 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C15693 Phase I/II Trial obo:NCIT_C15693 C1519043 obo:NCIT_C15693 CDISC obo:NCIT_C15693 A class of clinical study that combines elements characteristic of traditional Phase I and Phase II trials. See also Phase I, Phase II. obo:NCIT_C15693 A trial to study the safety, dosage levels, and response to a new treatment. obo:NCIT_C15693 Phase_I_II_Trial obo:NCIT_C15693 1-2 obo:NCIT_C15693 PHASE I/II TRIAL obo:NCIT_C15693 Phase I/II Trial obo:NCIT_C15693 Phase I/II trial obo:NCIT_C15693 Trial Phase 1-2 obo:NCIT_C15693 Trial Phase 1/2 obo:NCIT_C15693 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C15693 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C15693 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66737 obo:NCIT_C15693 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C15693 Phase I/II Trial obo:NCIT_C15694 A type of clinical study that combines elements characteristic of traditional Phase II and Phase III trials. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15694 Trials that are a combination of phases 2 and 3. obo:NCIT_C15694 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15694 C15694 obo:NCIT_C15694 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C15694 Phase II/III Trial obo:NCIT_C15694 C1519042 obo:NCIT_C15694 CDISC obo:NCIT_C15694 A class of clinical study that combines elements characteristic of traditional Phase II and Phase III trials. obo:NCIT_C15694 A trial to study response to a new treatment and the effectiveness of the treatment compared with the standard treatment regimen. obo:NCIT_C15694 Phase_II_III_Trial obo:NCIT_C15694 2-3 obo:NCIT_C15694 PHASE II/III TRIAL obo:NCIT_C15694 Phase II/III Trial obo:NCIT_C15694 Trial Phase 2-3 obo:NCIT_C15694 Trial Phase 2/3 obo:NCIT_C15694 phase II/III trial obo:NCIT_C15694 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C15694 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C15694 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66737 obo:NCIT_C15694 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C15694 Phase II/III Trial obo:NCIT_C15714 Fundamental research designed to obtain or increase general scientific knowledge. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C15714 One or more interventions for examining the basic mechanism of action (for example, physiology or biomechanics of an intervention). obo:NCIT_C15714 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C15714 C15714 obo:NCIT_C15714 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C15714 Basic Research obo:NCIT_C15714 C0681833 obo:NCIT_C15714 CDISC obo:NCIT_C15714 A type of study designed to examine the basic mechanism of action (e.g., physiology, biomechanics) of an intervention. (ClinicalTrials.gov) obo:NCIT_C15714 Basic_Science obo:NCIT_C15714 BASIC SCIENCE obo:NCIT_C15714 Basic Research obo:NCIT_C15714 Basic Science obo:NCIT_C15714 Basic Science Research obo:NCIT_C15714 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C15714 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C147067 obo:NCIT_C15714 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C15714 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66736 obo:NCIT_C15714 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C15714 Basic Research obo:NCIT_C16084 Studies among cancer patients and healthy populations that involve no intervention or alteration in the status of the participants. obo:NCIT_C16084 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C16084 C16084 obo:NCIT_C16084 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C16084 Observational Study obo:NCIT_C16084 C1518527 obo:NCIT_C16084 CDISC obo:NCIT_C16084 A type of study in which individuals are observed or certain outcomes are measured. No attempt is made to affect the outcome (for example, no treatment is given). obo:NCIT_C16084 Studies in which biomedical and/or health outcomes are assessed in pre-defined groups of individuals. Subjects in the study may receive diagnostic, therapeutic, or other interventions, but the investigator does not assign specific interventions to the subjects of the study. obo:NCIT_C16084 Observational_Study obo:NCIT_C16084 OBSERVATIONAL obo:NCIT_C16084 Observational Study obo:NCIT_C16084 Observational Trial obo:NCIT_C16084 observational study obo:NCIT_C16084 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C16084 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C16084 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C16084 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C99077 obo:NCIT_C16084 Observational Study obo:NCIT_C161319 Primary disease(s) or condition(s) being studied in the trial, or the focus of the study. (clinicaltrials.gov) https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:NCIT_C161319 The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C161319 The name(s) of the disease(s) or condition(s) studied in the clinical study, or the focus of the clinical study. Use, if available, appropriate descriptors from NLM's Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)-controlled vocabulary thesaurus or terms from another vocabulary, such as the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine—Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT), that has been mapped to MeSH within the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Metathesaurus. obo:NCIT_C161319 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C161319 C161319 obo:NCIT_C161319 Qualitative Concept obo:NCIT_C161319 Condition or Disease under Study obo:NCIT_C161319 CDISC obo:NCIT_C161319 Primary disease(s) or condition(s) being studied in the trial, or the focus of the study. (clinicaltrials.gov) obo:NCIT_C161319 Condition or Disease under Study obo:NCIT_C161319 Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:NCIT_C161319 health condition(s) or problem(s) studied obo:NCIT_C161319 target disease obo:NCIT_C161319 condition obo:NCIT_C161319 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C161319 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C160921 obo:NCIT_C161319 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C161319 Condition or Disease under Study obo:NCIT_C19332 The distinguishing qualities or prominent aspects of an individual person. obo:NCIT_C19332 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C19332 obo:opmi.owl obo:NCIT_C19332 C19332 obo:NCIT_C19332 Organism Attribute obo:NCIT_C19332 Personal Attribute obo:NCIT_C19332 C0681884 obo:NCIT_C19332 Personal_Attribute obo:NCIT_C19332 Personal obo:NCIT_C19332 Personal Attribute obo:NCIT_C19332 Subject Characteristics obo:NCIT_C19332 Personal Attribute https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:NCIT_C25150 A type of eligibility criteria that indicates the age a person must be to participate in a clinical study. obo:NCIT_C25150 How long something has existed; elapsed time since birth. obo:NCIT_C25150 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C25150 obo:opmi.owl obo:NCIT_C25150 obo:NCIT_C89335 obo:NCIT_C25150 C25150 obo:NCIT_C25150 Organism Attribute obo:NCIT_C25150 Age obo:NCIT_C25150 C0001779 obo:NCIT_C25150 CDISC obo:NCIT_C25150 FDA obo:NCIT_C25150 NICHD obo:NCIT_C25150 How long something has existed; elapsed time since birth. (NCI) obo:NCIT_C25150 The time elapsed since birth. obo:NCIT_C25150 Age obo:NCIT_C25150 Chronological Age obo:NCIT_C25150 AGE obo:NCIT_C25150 Age obo:NCIT_C25150 Aged obo:NCIT_C25150 Chronological Age obo:NCIT_C25150 Postnatal Age obo:NCIT_C25150 age obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C118466 obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C19752 obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C54447 obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C77526 obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C83187 obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C83188 obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C90007 obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C90009 obo:NCIT_C25150 http://purl.oboInOwlInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwlInOwl/NCIT_C90259 obo:NCIT_C25150 Age obo:NCIT_C25320 A formal document that describes a complete plan of research activity in the framework of a clinical study; specifically, the study objective(s), design, methodology, eligibility requests for prospective subjects and controls; intervention regimen(s), proposed methods of analysis of data; statistical considerations, and organization of the study. The protocol usually also provides the background and rationale for the trial, but these could be represented in other protocol referenced documents. obo:NCIT_C25320 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C25320 C25320 obo:NCIT_C25320 Intellectual Product obo:NCIT_C25320 Clinical Study Protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 C1507394 obo:NCIT_C25320 BRIDG obo:NCIT_C25320 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C25320 CareLex obo:NCIT_C25320 A detailed plan of a scientific or medical experiment, treatment, or procedure. In clinical trials, it states what the study will do, how it will be done, and why it is being done. It explains how many people will be in the study, who is eligible to take part in it, what study drugs or other interventions will be given, what tests will be done and how often, and what information will be collected. obo:NCIT_C25320 A discrete, structured plan (that persists over time) of a formal investigation to assess the utility, impact, pharmacological, physiological, and/or psychological effects of a particular treatment, procedure, drug, device, biologic, food product, cosmetic, care plan, or subject characteristic. NOTE(S): The term "protocol" is somewhat overloaded and must be qualified to provide semantic context. Therefore the term "study protocol" was chosen to disambiguate it from other protocols. In previous versions of BRIDG, there was one class for StudyProtocol. However this too represented multiple distinct aspects of the semantics of study protocol, each of which have now been split into separate classes:- The StudyProtocol class represents the content of the study protocol and can exist even before the information is put into document form. - The details of the structured plan for the study protocol are represented by the StudyProtocolVersion, so named because any aspect of the definition can change from version to version. These details include, but are not limited to, the characteristics, specifications, objective(s), background, the pre-study/study/post-study portions of the plan (including the design, methodology, statistical considerations, organization).- The protocol and its versions can each be represented in document form, respectively StudyProtocolDocument and StudyProtocolDocumentVersion. A StudyProtocolDocument groups the various document versions (StudyProtocolDocumentVersions).- The conduct of a study based on a study protocol definition is represented by the StudyExecution class. obo:NCIT_C25320 A formal document that describes a complete plan of research activity in the framework of a clinical study; specifically, the study objective(s), design, methodology, eligibility requests for prospective subjects and controls; intervention regimen(s), proposed methods of analysis of data; statistical considerations, and organization of the study. The protocol usually also provides the background and rationale for the trial, but these could be represented in other protocol referenced documents. [NCI] obo:NCIT_C25320 See protocol. obo:NCIT_C25320 Protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 Clinical Study Protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 Clinical Trial Protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 Full Protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 Prot obo:NCIT_C25320 Protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 Protocol Amendment obo:NCIT_C25320 Study Protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 StudyProtocol obo:NCIT_C25320 Trial Protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 clinical protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 protocol obo:NCIT_C25320 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C114548 obo:NCIT_C25320 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C159501 obo:NCIT_C25320 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C159503 obo:NCIT_C25320 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C25320 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C25320 Clinical Study Protocol obo:NCIT_C48355 A person or organization that supports or champions something. obo:NCIT_C48355 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C48355 C48355 obo:NCIT_C48355 Human obo:NCIT_C48355 Sponsor obo:NCIT_C48355 C1711305 obo:NCIT_C48355 Sponsor obo:NCIT_C48355 Applicant obo:NCIT_C48355 Sponsor obo:NCIT_C48355 Sponsor obo:NCIT_C49653 A type of study designed to evaluate method(s) aimed at identifying a disease or condition. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C49653 One or more interventions are being evaluated for identifying a disease or health condition. obo:NCIT_C49653 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C49653 C49653 obo:NCIT_C49653 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C49653 Diagnosis Study obo:NCIT_C49653 C1704656 obo:NCIT_C49653 CDISC obo:NCIT_C49653 A type of study designed to evaluate intervention(s) aimed at identifying a disease or condition. obo:NCIT_C49653 Diagnosis_Study obo:NCIT_C49653 DIAGNOSIS obo:NCIT_C49653 Diagnosis Study obo:NCIT_C49653 Diagnostic Study obo:NCIT_C49653 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C49653 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C49653 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66736 obo:NCIT_C49653 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66739 obo:NCIT_C49653 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C49653 Diagnosis Study obo:NCIT_C49656 A type of study protocol designed to evaluate intervention(s) for disease treatment. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C49656 One or more interventions are being evaluated for treating a disease, syndrome, or condition. obo:NCIT_C49656 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C49656 C49656 obo:NCIT_C49656 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C49656 Treatment Study obo:NCIT_C49656 C3161471 obo:NCIT_C49656 CDISC obo:NCIT_C49656 A type of study designed to evaluate intervention(s) for treatment of disease, syndrome or condition. obo:NCIT_C49656 Treatment_Study obo:NCIT_C49656 TREATMENT obo:NCIT_C49656 Therapy Trial obo:NCIT_C49656 Treatment Study obo:NCIT_C49656 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C49656 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C49656 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66736 obo:NCIT_C49656 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66739 obo:NCIT_C49656 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C49656 Treatment Study obo:NCIT_C49657 A type of study protocol designed to evaluate intervention(s) for disease prevention. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C49657 One or more interventions are being assessed for preventing the development of a specific disease or health condition. obo:NCIT_C49657 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C49657 C49657 obo:NCIT_C49657 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C49657 Prevention Study obo:NCIT_C49657 C1706420 obo:NCIT_C49657 CDISC obo:NCIT_C49657 A type of study designed to identify actions necessary to permanently eliminate or reduce the long-term risk to human life as a result of a particular medication or treatment regimen. obo:NCIT_C49657 Prevention_Study obo:NCIT_C49657 PREVENTION obo:NCIT_C49657 Prevention Study obo:NCIT_C49657 Preventive Clinical Trial obo:NCIT_C49657 Prophylaxis Study obo:NCIT_C49657 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C49657 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C49657 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66736 obo:NCIT_C49657 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66739 obo:NCIT_C49657 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C49657 Prevention Study obo:NCIT_C49692 The number of subjects entered in a clinical trial. obo:NCIT_C49692 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C49692 C49692 obo:NCIT_C49692 Group Attribute obo:NCIT_C49692 Planned Subject Number obo:NCIT_C49692 C1709561 obo:NCIT_C49692 CDISC obo:NCIT_C49692 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C49692 The number of subjects in a class or group (including the total for the entire trial) intended to be enrolled in a trial to reach the planned sample size. Target enrollments are set so that statistical and scientific objectives of a trial will have a likelihood of being met as determined by agreement, algorithm, or other specified process. obo:NCIT_C49692 The planned number of subjects to be entered in a clinical trial. (NCI) obo:NCIT_C49692 Planned_Subject_Number obo:NCIT_C49692 Anticipated Enrollment obo:NCIT_C49692 PLANSUB obo:NCIT_C49692 Planned Enrollment obo:NCIT_C49692 Planned Number of Subjects obo:NCIT_C49692 Planned Subject Number obo:NCIT_C49692 Target Enrollment obo:NCIT_C49692 target enrollment obo:NCIT_C49692 target number obo:NCIT_C49692 target size obo:NCIT_C49692 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C49692 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C147066 obo:NCIT_C49692 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C49692 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66738 obo:NCIT_C49692 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C49692 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67152 obo:NCIT_C49692 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C49692 Planned Subject Number obo:NCIT_C49692 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C49692 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:NCIT_C52580 The distribution of resources over various time periods, products, operations, or investments. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C52580 The method by which participants are assigned to arms in a clinical trial. obo:NCIT_C52580 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C52580 C52580 obo:NCIT_C52580 Activity obo:NCIT_C52580 Allocation obo:NCIT_C52580 C1706778 obo:NCIT_C52580 CDISC obo:NCIT_C52580 The process of assigning subjects to particular treatment groups or cohorts in a clinical study. obo:NCIT_C52580 Allocation obo:NCIT_C52580 Allocation obo:NCIT_C52580 Subject Allocation obo:NCIT_C52580 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C52580 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C147066 obo:NCIT_C52580 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C52580 Allocation obo:NCIT_C52580 https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:NCIT_C60776 Information regarding the means of contacting a person or group. obo:NCIT_C60776 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C60776 C60776 obo:NCIT_C60776 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_C60776 Contact Information obo:NCIT_C60776 C1880174 obo:NCIT_C60776 Contact_Information obo:NCIT_C60776 Contact Info obo:NCIT_C60776 Contact Information obo:NCIT_C60776 Contact Information obo:NCIT_C70793 An entity such as an individual, company, institution, group, or organization which takes responsibility for the initiation, management, and/or financing of a clinical study. The sponsor does not actually conduct the investigation unless the sponsor is a sponsor-investigator. A person other than an individual (e.g., corporation or agency) that uses one or more of its own employees to conduct research it has initiated is considered to be a sponsor, and the employees are considered to be investigators. [21 CFR P.50.3(k)] [21 CFR P.50.102(j)] [21 CFR P.312.3] obo:NCIT_C70793 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C70793 C70793 obo:NCIT_C70793 Health Care Related Organization obo:NCIT_C70793 Clinical Study Sponsor obo:NCIT_C70793 C2347796 obo:NCIT_C70793 CDISC obo:NCIT_C70793 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C70793 CareLex obo:NCIT_C70793 An entity that is responsible for the initiation, management, and/or financing of a clinical study. obo:NCIT_C70793 An entity that is responsible for the initiation, management, and/or financing of a clinical study.[NCI] obo:NCIT_C70793 An individual, company, institution, or organization that takes responsibility for the initiation, management, and/or financing of a clinical trial. NOTE: If there is also a secondary sponsor, the responsible entity would be considered the primary sponsor. A corporation or agency whose employees conduct the investigation is considered a sponsor and the employees are considered investigators. [After ICH E6, WHO, 21 CFR 50.3 (e), and after IDMP] See also secondary sponsor. obo:NCIT_C70793 Clinical_Study_Sponsor obo:NCIT_C70793 CLINICAL STUDY SPONSOR obo:NCIT_C70793 Clinical Study Sponsor obo:NCIT_C70793 SPONSOR obo:NCIT_C70793 Sponsor obo:NCIT_C70793 Study Sponsor obo:NCIT_C70793 sponsor obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C114548 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C154681 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66738 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67152 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C78735 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C83187 obo:NCIT_C70793 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C83188 obo:NCIT_C70793 Clinical Study Sponsor obo:NCIT_C70817 The formal plan of an experiment or research activity, including the objective, rationale, design, materials and methods for the conduct of the study; intervention description, and method of data analysis. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/results_definitions.html obo:NCIT_C70817 The written description of the clinical study, including objective(s), design, and methods. It may also include relevant scientific background and statistical considerations (if the protocol document includes the statistical analysis plan, use "Study Protocol with SAP and/or ICF" option). Note: All amendments approved by a human subjects protection review board (if applicable), before the time of submission and that apply to all clinical trial Facility Locations must be included. obo:NCIT_C70817 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C70817 C70817 obo:NCIT_C70817 Intellectual Product obo:NCIT_C70817 Study Protocol obo:NCIT_C70817 C2348563 obo:NCIT_C70817 CDISC obo:NCIT_C70817 The formal plan of an experiment or research activity, including the objective, rationale, design, materials and methods for the conduct of the study, intervention description, and method of data analysis. obo:NCIT_C70817 Study_Protocol obo:NCIT_C70817 Protocol obo:NCIT_C70817 Study Protocol obo:NCIT_C70817 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C70817 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132310 obo:NCIT_C70817 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C70817 Study Protocol obo:NCIT_C70817 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C70840 A clinical study that is designed using a procedure in which one or more parties to the study [subject(s), investigator(s), monitor, or/and data analyst(s)] are kept unaware of the treatment assignment(s). obo:NCIT_C70840 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C70840 C70840 obo:NCIT_C70840 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C70840 Blinded Clinical Study obo:NCIT_C70840 C2347038 obo:NCIT_C70840 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C70840 A study in which the subject, the investigator, or anyone assessing the outcome is unaware of the treatment assignment(s). NOTE: Blinding is used to reduce the potential for bias. [Modified ICH E6 Glossary] See also blinding/masking, double-blind study, single-blind study, triple-blind study; contrast with open-label or unblinded study. obo:NCIT_C70840 A type of study in which the patients (single-blinded) or the patients and their doctors (double-blinded) do not know which drug or treatment is being given. The opposite of a blinded study is an open label study. obo:NCIT_C70840 Blinded_Clinical_Study obo:NCIT_C70840 Blind Clinical Study obo:NCIT_C70840 Blinded Clinical Study obo:NCIT_C70840 Blinded Clinical Trial obo:NCIT_C70840 Masked Clinical Study obo:NCIT_C70840 blinded study obo:NCIT_C70840 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C70840 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C70840 Blinded Clinical Study obo:NCIT_C71485 Clinical studies testing the efficacy of devices, techniques, procedures, or tests for the purpose of detecting the presence of disease, usually before there are any symptoms. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C71485 One or more interventions are assessed or examined for identifying a condition, or risk factors for a condition, in people who are not yet known to have the condition or risk factor. obo:NCIT_C71485 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C71485 C71485 obo:NCIT_C71485 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C71485 Screening Study obo:NCIT_C71485 C2348164 obo:NCIT_C71485 CDISC obo:NCIT_C71485 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C71485 A type of study designed to assess or examine methods of identifying a condition (or risk factors for a condition) in people who are not yet known to have the condition (or risk factor). (Clinicaltrials.gov) obo:NCIT_C71485 Trials conducted to detect persons with early, mild, and asymptomatic disease. obo:NCIT_C71485 Screening_Study obo:NCIT_C71485 SCREENING obo:NCIT_C71485 Screening Study obo:NCIT_C71485 Screening Trial obo:NCIT_C71485 screening trials obo:NCIT_C71485 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C71485 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C71485 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66736 obo:NCIT_C71485 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C71485 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C71485 Screening Study obo:NCIT_C71486 Clinical studies intended to improve the comfort and quality of life for the patient using drugs, nutritional, dietary, behavioral or other interventions. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C71486 One or more interventions are evaluated for maximizing comfort, minimizing side effects, or mitigating against a decline in the participant's health or function. obo:NCIT_C71486 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C71486 C71486 obo:NCIT_C71486 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C71486 Supportive Care Study obo:NCIT_C71486 C2348611 obo:NCIT_C71486 CDISC obo:NCIT_C71486 A type of study designed to evaluate one or more interventions where the primary intent is to maximize comfort, minimize side effects or mitigate against a decline in the subject's health or function. In general, supportive care interventions are not intended to cure a disease. (ClinicalTrials.gov) obo:NCIT_C71486 Supportive_Care_Study obo:NCIT_C71486 SUPPORTIVE CARE obo:NCIT_C71486 Supportive Care Study obo:NCIT_C71486 Supportive Care Trial obo:NCIT_C71486 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C71486 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C71486 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66736 obo:NCIT_C71486 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C71486 Supportive Care Study obo:NCIT_C82638 A type of clinical study in which two or more treatments are given alone and in combination, such that all possible combinations are represented across the treatment arms, and are compared in parallel against the study control group. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C82638 Two or more interventions, each alone and in combination, are evaluated in parallel against a control group obo:NCIT_C82638 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C82638 C82638 obo:NCIT_C82638 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C82638 Factorial Study obo:NCIT_C82638 C2826344 obo:NCIT_C82638 CDISC obo:NCIT_C82638 Two or more interventions, each alone or in combination, are evaluated in parallel against a control group. This study design allows for the comparison of active drug to placebo, presence of drug-drug interactions, and comparison of active drugs against each other. obo:NCIT_C82638 Factorial_Study obo:NCIT_C82638 FACTORIAL obo:NCIT_C82638 Factorial Study obo:NCIT_C82638 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C82638 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C82638 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C82638 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C77526 obo:NCIT_C82638 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C89967 obo:NCIT_C82638 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C99076 obo:NCIT_C82638 Factorial Study obo:NCIT_C84336 Any of two or more parties working jointly towards a common goal. obo:NCIT_C84336 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C84336 C84336 obo:NCIT_C84336 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_C84336 Collaborator obo:NCIT_C84336 C2827395 obo:NCIT_C84336 Collaborator obo:NCIT_C84336 Collaborator obo:NCIT_C90467 The country in which the test is conducted. obo:NCIT_C90467 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C90467 C90467 obo:NCIT_C90467 Geographic Area obo:NCIT_C90467 Test Facility Country obo:NCIT_C90467 C2983675 obo:NCIT_C90467 CDISC obo:NCIT_C90467 The country of the place in which a nonclinical laboratory study takes place, i.e., actually uses the test article in a test system. Testing facility includes any establishment required to register under section 510 of the act that conducts nonclinical laboratory studies and any consulting laboratory described in section 704 of the act that conducts such studies. Testing facility encompasses only those operational units that are being or have been used to conduct nonclinical laboratory studies. (FDA) obo:NCIT_C90467 TFCNTRY obo:NCIT_C90467 Test Facility Country obo:NCIT_C90467 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C90467 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C77526 obo:NCIT_C90467 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C90007 obo:NCIT_C90467 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C90009 obo:NCIT_C90467 Test Facility Country obo:NCIT_C90469 The name of the place in which a test is conducted. obo:NCIT_C90469 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C90469 C90469 obo:NCIT_C90469 Intellectual Product obo:NCIT_C90469 Test Facility Name obo:NCIT_C90469 C2983677 obo:NCIT_C90469 CDISC obo:NCIT_C90469 The name of the place in which a nonclinical laboratory study takes place, i.e., actually uses the test article in a test system. Testing facility includes any establishment required to register under section 510 of the act that conducts nonclinical laboratory studies and any consulting laboratory described in section 704 of the act that conducts such studies. Testing facility encompasses only those operational units that are being or have been used to conduct nonclinical laboratory studies. (FDA) obo:NCIT_C90469 TSTFNAM obo:NCIT_C90469 Test Facility Name obo:NCIT_C90469 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C90469 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C77526 obo:NCIT_C90469 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C90007 obo:NCIT_C90469 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C90009 obo:NCIT_C90469 Test Facility Name obo:NCIT_C93360 A condition that is a focus of the study. obo:NCIT_C93360 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C93360 C93360 obo:NCIT_C93360 Qualitative Concept obo:NCIT_C93360 Study Condition obo:NCIT_C93360 C2985574 obo:NCIT_C93360 BRIDG obo:NCIT_C93360 A condition that is a focus of the study. obo:NCIT_C93360 Study Condition obo:NCIT_C93360 StudyCondition obo:NCIT_C93360 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C159501 obo:NCIT_C93360 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C159503 obo:NCIT_C93360 Study Condition obo:NCIT_C98388 Studies in which individuals are assigned by an investigator based on a protocol to receive specific interventions. Subjects may receive diagnostic, therapeutic or other types of interventions. The assignment of the intervention may or may not be random. The individuals are then followed and biomedical and/or health outcomes are assessed. obo:NCIT_C98388 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C98388 C98388 obo:NCIT_C98388 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C98388 Interventional Study obo:NCIT_C98388 C3274035 obo:NCIT_C98388 CDISC obo:NCIT_C98388 CDISC-GLOSS obo:NCIT_C98388 A trial which intervenes with the inviolability of the trial subject for the purpose of the investigation. For example, the administration of an investigational medical product to the trial subject or use of some extra means of intervention (i.e., samples, tests, or questionnaires) that would not otherwise be used. [Clinical Trial Directive EC/20/2001 definitions] obo:NCIT_C98388 Studies in which individuals are assigned by an investigator based on a protocol to receive specific interventions. Subjects may receive diagnostic, therapeutic or other types of interventions. The assignment of the intervention may or may not be random. The individuals are then followed and biomedical and/or health outcomes are assessed. obo:NCIT_C98388 INTERVENTIONAL obo:NCIT_C98388 Interventional Study obo:NCIT_C98388 interventional clinical trial obo:NCIT_C98388 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C98388 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C98388 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C98388 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67497 obo:NCIT_C98388 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C99077 obo:NCIT_C98388 Interventional Study obo:NCIT_C98714 A sequence of letters, numbers, or other characters that uniquely identifies a clinical trial within a clinical trial registry. obo:NCIT_C98714 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C98714 C98714 obo:NCIT_C98714 Intellectual Product obo:NCIT_C98714 Clinical Trial Registry Identifier obo:NCIT_C98714 C3274381 obo:NCIT_C98714 CDISC obo:NCIT_C98714 Identification numbers assigned to the protocol by clinicaltrials.gov, EudraCT, or other registries. obo:NCIT_C98714 Clinical Trial Registry Identifier obo:NCIT_C98714 REGID obo:NCIT_C98714 Registry Identifier obo:NCIT_C98714 Trial Identifying Number obo:NCIT_C98714 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C98714 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66738 obo:NCIT_C98714 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C98714 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67152 obo:NCIT_C98714 Clinical Trial Registry Identifier obo:NCIT_C98714 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:NCIT_C98722 Studies that provide a means for obtaining an experimental drug or device for patients who are not adequately treated by existing therapy, who do not meet the eligibility criteria for enrollment, or who are otherwise unable to participate in another clinical study. Expanded Access studies include individual-patient IND, treatment IND, compassionate use, emergency use or continued access. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C98722 An investigational drug product (including biological product) available through expanded access for patients who do not qualify for enrollment in a clinical trial. Expanded Access includes all expanded access types under section 561 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act: (1) for individual patients, including emergency use; (2) for intermediate-size patient populations; and (3) under a treatment IND or treatment protocol. obo:NCIT_C98722 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C98722 C98722 obo:NCIT_C98722 Research Activity obo:NCIT_C98722 Expanded Access Study obo:NCIT_C98722 C3274389 obo:NCIT_C98722 CDISC obo:NCIT_C98722 Studies that provide a means for obtaining an experimental drug or device for patients who are not adequately treated by existing therapy, who do not meet the eligibility criteria for enrollment, or who are otherwise unable to participate in another clinical study. Expanded Access studies include individual-patient IND, treatment IND, compassionate use, emergency use or continued access. obo:NCIT_C98722 EXPANDED ACCESS obo:NCIT_C98722 Expanded Access Study obo:NCIT_C98722 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C132298 obo:NCIT_C98722 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C98722 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C98722 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C99077 obo:NCIT_C98722 Expanded Access Study obo:NCIT_C98722 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/expanded_access_definitions.html https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:NCIT_C98747 For each intervention studied in the clinical study, the general type of intervention. obo:NCIT_C98747 The kind of product or procedure studied in a trial. obo:NCIT_C98747 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C98747 C98747 obo:NCIT_C98747 Functional Concept obo:NCIT_C98747 Intervention Type obo:NCIT_C98747 C3274412 obo:NCIT_C98747 CDISC obo:NCIT_C98747 The kind of product or procedure studied in a trial. obo:NCIT_C98747 INTTYPE obo:NCIT_C98747 Intervention Type http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html obo:NCIT_C98747 intervention obo:NCIT_C98747 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C98747 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66738 obo:NCIT_C98747 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C98747 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67152 obo:NCIT_C98747 Intervention Type obo:NCIT_C98772 The primary measurement(s) or observation(s) used to measure the effect of experimental variables in a study, or for observational studies, to describe patterns of diseases or traits or associations with exposures, risk factors or treatment. These are the outcome measures used to assess the primary objective(s). obo:NCIT_C98772 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C98772 C98772 obo:NCIT_C98772 Intellectual Product obo:NCIT_C98772 Primary Outcome Measure obo:NCIT_C98772 C3274433 obo:NCIT_C98772 CDISC obo:NCIT_C98772 The primary measurement(s) or observation(s) used to measure the effect of experimental variables in a study, or for observational studies, to describe patterns of diseases or traits or associations with exposures, risk factors or treatment. These are the outcome measures used to assess the primary objective(s). obo:NCIT_C98772 OUTMSPRI obo:NCIT_C98772 PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE obo:NCIT_C98772 Primary Outcome Measure obo:NCIT_C98772 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C117745 obo:NCIT_C98772 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C98772 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66738 obo:NCIT_C98772 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C98772 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67152 obo:NCIT_C98772 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C81222 obo:NCIT_C98772 Primary Outcome Measure obo:NCIT_C98781 Other key measures that will be used to evaluate the intervention(s) or, for observational studies, that are a focus of the study. These are the outcome measures used to assess the secondary objective(s). obo:NCIT_C98781 obo:ncit.owl obo:NCIT_C98781 C98781 obo:NCIT_C98781 Intellectual Product obo:NCIT_C98781 Secondary Outcome Measure obo:NCIT_C98781 C3274440 obo:NCIT_C98781 CDISC obo:NCIT_C98781 Secondary measures that will be used to evaluate the intervention(s) or, for observational studies, that are a focus of the study. These are the outcome measures used to assess the secondary objective(s). obo:NCIT_C98781 OUTMSSEC obo:NCIT_C98781 SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURE obo:NCIT_C98781 Secondary Outcome Measure obo:NCIT_C98781 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C117745 obo:NCIT_C98781 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C61410 obo:NCIT_C98781 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66738 obo:NCIT_C98781 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C66830 obo:NCIT_C98781 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C67152 obo:NCIT_C98781 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/NCIT_C81222 obo:NCIT_C98781 Secondary Outcome Measure obo:NCIT_NHC0 true obo:NCIT_NHC0 A property representing a concept unique identifier within the NCI Enterprise Vocabulary Service's NCI Thesaurus. obo:NCIT_NHC0 NHC0 obo:NCIT_NHC0 code obo:NCIT_NHC0 code obo:NCIT_NHC0 code obo:NCIT_P106 A property that represents a description of the sort of thing or category to which a concept belongs in the context of the UMLS semantic network. obo:NCIT_P106 The semantic type describes the sort of thing or category to which a concept belongs in the context of the UMLS semantic network. obo:NCIT_P106 P106 obo:NCIT_P106 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P106 Semantic Type obo:NCIT_P106 Semantic_Type obo:NCIT_P106 In general, applying semantic types aids in allowing users (or computer programs) to draw conclusions about concepts by virtue of the categories to which they have been assigned. We use a set of semantic types developed for the UMLS Metathesaurus. There are currently 134 semantic types in the UMLS. obo:NCIT_P106 Semantic_Type obo:NCIT_P106 Semantic_Type obo:NCIT_P107 A property representing an alternative Preferred Name for use in some NCI systems. obo:NCIT_P107 Provides an alternative Preferred Name for use in some NCI systems. obo:NCIT_P107 P107 obo:NCIT_P107 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P107 Display Name obo:NCIT_P107 Display_Name obo:NCIT_P107 Display Name obo:NCIT_P107 Display_Name obo:NCIT_P107 Display_Name obo:NCIT_P108 A property representing the word or phrase that NCI uses by preference to refer to the concept. obo:NCIT_P108 The word or phrase that NCI uses by preference to refer to the concept. obo:NCIT_P108 P108 obo:NCIT_P108 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P108 Preferred Name obo:NCIT_P108 Preferred_Name obo:NCIT_P108 Preferred Name obo:NCIT_P108 Preferred Term obo:NCIT_P108 Preferred_Name obo:NCIT_P108 Preferred_Name obo:NCIT_P207 A property representing the concept unique identifier (CUI) assigned by the National Library of Medicine (NLM). If a concept in any NCI-maintained knowledgebase exists in the NLM Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), NCI includes the NLM CUI among the information we provide about the concept. obo:NCIT_P207 Concept Unique Identifiers, or CUIs, are concept numbers assigned by the National Library of Medicine (NLM). If a concept in any NCI-maintained knowledgebase exists in the NLM Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), NCI includes the NLM CUI among the information we provide about the concept. obo:NCIT_P207 P207 obo:NCIT_P207 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P207 UMLS CUI obo:NCIT_P207 UMLS_CUI obo:NCIT_P207 UMLS_CUI obo:NCIT_P207 UMLS_CUI obo:NCIT_P208 A property representing the concept unique identifier (CUI) for those concepts that appear in NCI Metathesaurus but not in the National Library of Medicine Unified Medical Language System (NLM UMLS). obo:NCIT_P208 P208 obo:NCIT_P208 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P208 NCI Metathesaurus CUI obo:NCIT_P208 NCI_META_CUI obo:NCIT_P208 NCI_META_CUI obo:NCIT_P208 NCI_META_CUI obo:NCIT_P322 A property is used to indicate when a non-EVS entity has contributed to, and has a stake in, a concept. This is used where such entities, within or outside NCI, have indicated the need to be able to track their own concepts. A single concept can have multiple instances of this property if multiple entities have such a defined stake. obo:NCIT_P322 This property is used to indicate when a non-EVS entity has contributed to, and has a stake in, a concept. This is used where such entities, within or outside NCI, have indicated the need to be able to track their own concepts. A single concept can have multiple instances of this property if multiple entities have such a defined stake. obo:NCIT_P322 P322 obo:NCIT_P322 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P322 Contributing Source obo:NCIT_P322 Contributing_Source obo:NCIT_P322 Contributing_Source obo:NCIT_P322 Contributing_Source obo:NCIT_P325 A property representing the English language definition of a concept from a source other than NCI. obo:NCIT_P325 English language definitions of what a source other than NCI means by the concept. These are limited to 1024 characters. They include information about the definition's source in a form that can easily be interpreted by software. obo:NCIT_P325 P325 obo:NCIT_P325 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P325 [source] Definition obo:NCIT_P325 ALT_DEFINITION obo:NCIT_P325 ALT_DEFINITION obo:NCIT_P325 ALT_DEFINITION obo:NCIT_P366 true obo:NCIT_P366 A property representing a retired unique concept identifier created and stored as Concept Name by legacy EVS software. Use of these values was long discouraged, but continued as late as 2009 when creation of new values ceased and Concept Name was retired. Legacy values are intended solely to help resolve and update earlier coding. obo:NCIT_P366 A retired unique concept identifier created and stored as Concept Name by legacy EVS software. Use of these values was long discouraged, but continued as late as 2009 when creation of new values ceased and Concept Name was retired. Legacy values are intended solely to help resolve and update earlier coding. obo:NCIT_P366 P366 obo:NCIT_P366 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P366 Legacy Concept Name obo:NCIT_P366 Legacy Concept Name obo:NCIT_P366 Legacy_Concept_Name obo:NCIT_P371 A property representing a term chosen by NICHD to be used in the representation of the NICHD hierarchy. obo:NCIT_P371 P371 obo:NCIT_P371 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P371 NICHD_Hierarchy_Term obo:NCIT_P371 NICHD obo:NCIT_P371 NICHD_Hierarchy_Term obo:NCIT_P371 NICHD_Hierarchy_Term obo:NCIT_P375 A property representing that a term in another terminology has been mapped to a term in NCIt and describes the relationship between the mapped terms. obo:NCIT_P375 P375 obo:NCIT_P375 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P375 Maps_To obo:NCIT_P375 Maps_To obo:NCIT_P375 Maps_To obo:NCIT_P98 A property representing notations made by NCI vocabulary curators. They are intended to provide supplemental, unstructured information to the user or additional insight about the concept. obo:NCIT_P98 Design notes are notations made by NCI vocabulary curators. They are intended to provide supplemental, unstructured information to the user or additional insight about the concept. obo:NCIT_P98 P98 obo:NCIT_P98 Conceptual Entity obo:NCIT_P98 DesignNote obo:NCIT_P98 DesignNote obo:NCIT_P98 DesignNote obo:NCIT_P98 DesignNote https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/results_definitions.html obo:OAE_0000001 Any untoward or unfavorable medical occurrence in a participant, including any abnormal sign (for example, abnormal physical exam or laboratory finding), symptom, or disease, temporally associated with the participant’s participation in the research, whether or not considered related to the participant’s participation in the research obo:OAE_0000001 a pathological bodily process that occurs after a medical intervention. An adverse event is likely caused by the medical intervention; however, such a causal association is not required to be an adverse event. obo:OAE_0000001 Melanie Courtot and YH: More work is needed on how to restrict the scope of a term to be an 'adverse event', notably regarding temporal association. When is an appropirate time interval between a medical intervention and an adverse event observed? One week, one month, one year, or a lifetime? For some well-studied medical interventions (e.g., administration of many vaccines or drugs), we probably have a general idea. For many new interventions, we don't know much. In OAE, this issue is associated with defining the 'adverse event incubation time'. obo:OAE_0000001 YH: An adverse event is a process that has specified output of some adverse medical outcome (e.g., symptom, sign or accident) after a medical intervention (or process) (e.g., administration of drug or vaccine). The medical intervention can be an administration of a drug, a vaccine (i.e., vaccination), or a special nutritional product (for example, dietary supplement, infant formula, medical food), surgery, or usage of a medical device. obo:OAE_0000001 YH: An adverse event is possibly induced by the medical intervention. It can be caused by the medical intervention, or may not be caused by the medical intervention. One ultimate goal (or the goal in clinics) of study adverse events is to assess if the adverse event outcome is due to the medical intervention. obo:OAE_0000001 YH: In development of OAE, we initially use vaccine adverse event as our use case. A vaccine adverse event is associated with a vaccination (i.e. a medical intervention), regardless of whether it is considered vaccine-related, and includes any side effect, injury, toxicity, or sensitivity reaction or significant failure of immunization (i.e., a pharmacologic action). Ref: Baylor NW and Midthum K. Regulation and testing of vaccines. In: Vaccines (Editors: Plotkin S, Orenstein W, and Offit P). 2008. p1623. obo:OAE_0000001 YH: The current term 'adverse event' is different from the term definition shown in our paper: He Y, Xiang Z, Sarntivijai S, Toldo L, Ceusters W. OAE: a realism-based biomedical ontology for the representation of adverse events. Adverse Event Representation Workshop, International Conference on Biomedical Ontologies (ICBO), University at Buffalo, NY, July 26-30, 2011. Full lenghth conference proceeding paper. We made the name changing in order to make OAE cover the broader sense of the 'adverse event' which does not assume definite causal effect between an adverse event and a medical intervention. In current definition, the adverse event emphasizes the time association and assumes a likelihood of such a causal association. This term 'adverse event' is stil under the OGMS:pathological bodily process. The 'adverse event' defined in the above paper has now been changed to a new term: 'causal adverse event'. See more information in the new publication: Yongqun He Y, Sirarat Sarntivijai, Yu Lin, Zuoshuang Xiang, Abra Guo, Shelley Zhang, Desikan Jagannathan, Luca Toldo, Cui Tao and Barry Smith. OAE: The Ontology of Adverse Events. Journal of Biomedical Semantics. 2014, 5:29 doi:10.1186/2041-1480-5-29. PMID: 25093068.PMCID: PMC4120740. obo:OAE_0000001 YH: The main scope of OAE includes: (1) represent terms and relations in the area of adverse events, (2) assess possible associations between an adverse event and a medical intervention, particularly, identify any causal effect of a medical intervention to an adverse event; and (2) understand the mechanism (including molecular mechanisms) of causal adverse events. obo:OAE_0000001 YH: There has been discussion regarding whether the term 'side effect' is an alternative term for 'adverse event'. In AERO, the term 'AERO:adverse event' represents a subset of those adverse events for which causality has been established. In OAE, an adverse event for which causality has been established is called 'causal adverse event'. obo:OAE_0000001 Yongqun He obo:OAE_0000001 AE obo:OAE_0000001 adverse reaction obo:OAE_0000001 WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_event obo:OAE_0000001 WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm obo:OAE_0000001 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25093068 obo:OAE_0000001 obo:oae.owl obo:OAE_0000001 The OAE official website is: http://www.oae-ontology.org/. obo:OAE_0000001 adverse event https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:OAE_0000002 A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise. obo:OAE_0000002 medical intervention is a planned process that has the goal of diagnosing, preventing or relieving illness or injury. obo:OAE_0000002 The act of intervening, interfering or interceding with the intent of modifying the outcome. In medicine, an intervention is usually undertaken to help treat or cure a condition. For example, "Acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention is widely practiced in the United States," Reference: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=34214 . Some interventions can be used for diagnosis. obo:OAE_0000002 The act of intervening, interfering or interceding with the intent of modifying the outcome. In medicine, an intervention is usually undertaken to help treat or cure a condition. For example, "Acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention is widely practiced in the United States," Reference: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=34214 . Some interventions can be used for diagnosis. obo:OAE_0000002 YH obo:OAE_0000002 WEB: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_medical_intervention obo:OAE_0000002 obo:oae.owl obo:OAE_0000002 obo:omrse.owl obo:OAE_0000002 obo:opmi.owl http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html obo:OAE_0000002 Intervention(s) obo:OAE_0000002 medical intervention obo:OAE_0000002 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OAE_0000011 a medical intervention where a patient is administered with a drug obo:OAE_0000011 YH obo:OAE_0000011 obo:oae.owl obo:OAE_0000011 drug administration obo:OAE_0000094 a medical intervention that is used for therapeutic purpose obo:OAE_0000094 YH obo:OAE_0000094 obo:oae.owl obo:OAE_0000094 therapeutic intervention obo:OAE_0002807 a medical intervention that refers to any series of pre-defined steps that should be followed to achieve a desired result. obo:OAE_0002807 YH, SS obo:OAE_0002807 WEB: http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-the-difference-between-a-surgery-and-a-procedure.htm obo:OAE_0002807 obo:oae.owl obo:OAE_0002807 medical procedure obo:OBI_0000011 planned process obo:OBI_0000011 planned process obo:OBI_0000011 Injecting mice with a vaccine in order to test its efficacy obo:OBI_0000011 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0000011 A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification. obo:OBI_0000011 'Plan' includes a future direction sense. That can be problematic if plans are changed during their execution. There are however implicit contingencies for protocols that an agent has in his mind that can be considered part of the plan, even if the agent didn't have them in mind before. Therefore, a planned process can diverge from what the agent would have said the plan was before executing it, by adjusting to problems encountered during execution (e.g. choosing another reagent with equivalent properties, if the originally planned one has run out.) obo:OBI_0000011 We are only considering successfully completed planned processes. A plan may be modified, and details added during execution. For a given planned process, the associated realized plan specification is the one encompassing all changes made during execution. This means that all processes in which an agent acts towards achieving some objectives is a planned process. obo:OBI_0000011 We are only considering successfully completed planned processes. A plan may be modified, and details added during execution. For a given planned process, the associated realized plan specification is the one encompassing all changes made during execution. This means that all processes in which an agent acts towards achieving some objectives is a planned process. obo:OBI_0000011 Bjoern Peters obo:OBI_0000011 branch derived obo:OBI_0000011 6/11/9: Edited at workshop. Used to include: is initiated by an agent obo:OBI_0000011 This class merges the previously separated objective driven process and planned process, as they the separation proved hard to maintain. (1/22/09, branch call) obo:OBI_0000011 obo:dron.owl obo:OBI_0000011 obo:envo.owl obo:OBI_0000011 obo:ico.owl obo:OBI_0000011 obo:oae.owl obo:OBI_0000011 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000011 obo:omrse.owl obo:OBI_0000011 obo:opmi.owl obo:OBI_0000011 obo:vo.owl obo:OBI_0000011 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl obo:OBI_0000011 planned process obo:OBI_0000011 planned process obo:OBI_0000066 investigation obo:OBI_0000066 Lung cancer investigation using expression profiling, a stem cell transplant investigation, biobanking is not an investigation, though it may be part of an investigation obo:OBI_0000066 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0000066 a planned process that consists of parts: planning, study design execution, documentation and which produce conclusion(s). obo:OBI_0000066 Bjoern Peters obo:OBI_0000066 OBI branch derived obo:OBI_0000066 Could add specific objective specification obo:OBI_0000066 Following OBI call November 2012,26th: it was decided there was no need for adding "achieves objective of drawing conclusion" as existing relations were providing equivalent ability. this note closes the issue and validates the class definition to be part of the OBI core editor = PRS obo:OBI_0000066 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000066 obo:opmi.owl obo:OBI_0000066 study obo:OBI_0000066 investigation obo:OBI_0000070 assay obo:OBI_0000070 Assay the wavelength of light emitted by excited Neon atoms. Count of geese flying over a house. obo:OBI_0000070 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0000070 A planned process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. obo:OBI_0000070 12/3/12: BP: the reference to the 'physical examination' is included to point out that a prediction is not an assay, as that does not require physical examiniation. obo:OBI_0000070 PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch obo:OBI_0000070 measuring obo:OBI_0000070 scientific observation obo:OBI_0000070 OBI branch derived obo:OBI_0000070 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000070 study assay obo:OBI_0000070 any method obo:OBI_0000070 assay obo:OBI_0000102 responsible party role obo:OBI_0000102 he THERAPIST has the ability to print a separate statement for the patient and each responsible party. http://www.beaverlog.com/therapist/ez_support/billing/responsible_party_statements.htm obo:OBI_0000102 obo:IAO_0000120 obo:OBI_0000102 a study personnel role played by a party who is accountable for the execution of a study component and can make decisions about the conduct of the study obo:OBI_0000102 Person: Jennifer Fostel obo:OBI_0000102 responsible party obo:OBI_0000102 OBI obo:OBI_0000102 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000102 responsible party role obo:OBI_0000115 intervention design obo:OBI_0000115 PMID: 18208636.Br J Nutr. 2008 Jan 22;:1-11.Effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone and vitamin D status among Pakistani immigrants in Denmark: a randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled intervention study. obo:OBI_0000115 obo:IAO_0000125 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OBI_0000115 A description of the manner in which the clinical trial will be conducted. obo:OBI_0000115 An intervention design is a study design in which a controlled process applied to the subjects (the intervention) serves as the independent variable manipulated by the experimentalist. The treatment (perturbation or intervention) defined can be defined as a combination of values taken by independent variable manipulated by the experimentalists are applied to the recruited subjects assigned (possibly by applying specific methods) to treatment groups. The specificity of intervention design is the fact that independent variables are being manipulated and a response of the biological system is evaluated via response variables as monitored by possibly a series of assays. obo:OBI_0000115 Philppe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0000115 OBI branch derived obo:OBI_0000115 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000115 Interventional Study Design obo:OBI_0000115 intervention model obo:OBI_0000115 intervention design obo:OBI_0000202 investigation agent role obo:OBI_0000202 The person perform microarray experiments and submit microarray results (including raw data, processed data) with experiment description to ArrayExpress. obo:OBI_0000202 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0000202 A role borne by an entity and that is realized in a process that is part of an investigation in which an objective is achieved. These processes include, among others: planning, overseeing, funding, reviewing. obo:OBI_0000202 Implementing a study means carrying out or performing the study and providing reagents or other materials used in the study and other tasks without which the study would not happen. obo:OBI_0000202 Philly2013: Historically, this role would have been borne only by humans or organizations. However, we now also want to enable representing investigations run by robot scientists such as ADAM (King et al, Science, 2009) obo:OBI_0000202 GROUP: Role Branch obo:OBI_0000202 investigator obo:OBI_0000202 OBI obo:OBI_0000202 Feb 10, 2009. changes after discussion at OBI Consortium Workshop Feb 2-6, 2009. accepted as core term. obo:OBI_0000202 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000202 obo:opmi.owl obo:OBI_0000202 study person role obo:OBI_0000202 Philly2013: Historically, this role would have been borne only by humans or organizations. However, we now also want to enable investigations run by robot scientists such as ADAM (King et al, Science, 2009) obo:OBI_0000202 investigation agent role obo:OBI_0000243 sponsor role obo:OBI_0000243 obo:IAO_0000120 obo:OBI_0000243 a responsible party role involved with any of the following activities: initiating, managing and funding a study obo:OBI_0000243 Person: Jennifer Fostel obo:OBI_0000243 sponsor obo:OBI_0000243 CDISC definition: sponsor. 1. An individual, company, institution, or organization that takes responsibility for the initiation, management, and/or financing of a clinical trial. 2. A corporation or agency whose employees conduct the investigation is considered a sponsor; employees are considered investigators obo:OBI_0000243 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000243 obo:opmi.owl obo:OBI_0000243 sponsor role obo:OBI_0000245 organization obo:OBI_0000245 PMID: 16353909.AAPS J. 2005 Sep 22;7(2):E274-80. Review. The joint food and agriculture organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives and its role in the evaluation of the safety of veterinary drug residues in foods. obo:OBI_0000245 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0000245 An entity that can bear roles, has members, and has a set of organization rules. Members of organizations are either organizations themselves or individual people. Members can bear specific organization member roles that are determined in the organization rules. The organization rules also determine how decisions are made on behalf of the organization by the organization members. obo:OBI_0000245 BP: The definition summarizes long email discussions on the OBI developer, roles, biomaterial and denrie branches. It leaves open if an organization is a material entity or a dependent continuant, as no consensus was reached on that. The current placement as material is therefore temporary, in order to move forward with development. Here is the entire email summary, on which the definition is based: 1) there are organization_member_roles (president, treasurer, branch editor), with individual persons as bearers 2) there are organization_roles (employer, owner, vendor, patent holder) 3) an organization has a charter / rules / bylaws, which specify what roles there are, how they should be realized, and how to modify the charter/rules/bylaws themselves. It is debatable what the organization itself is (some kind of dependent continuant or an aggregate of people). This also determines who/what the bearer of organization_roles' are. My personal favorite is still to define organization as a kind of 'legal entity', but thinking it through leads to all kinds of questions that are clearly outside the scope of OBI. Interestingly enough, it does not seem to matter much where we place organization itself, as long as we can subclass it (University, Corporation, Government Agency, Hospital), instantiate it (Affymetrix, NCBI, NIH, ISO, W3C, University of Oklahoma), and have it play roles. This leads to my proposal: We define organization through the statements 1 - 3 above, but without an 'is a' statement for now. We can leave it in its current place in the is_a hierarchy (material entity) or move it up to 'continuant'. We leave further clarifications to BFO, and close this issue for now. obo:OBI_0000245 PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg obo:OBI_0000245 PERSON: Bjoern Peters obo:OBI_0000245 PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0000245 PERSON: Susanna Sansone obo:OBI_0000245 GROUP: OBI obo:OBI_0000245 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000245 organization obo:OBI_0000272 protocol obo:OBI_0000272 PCR protocol, has objective specification, amplify DNA fragment of interest, and has action specification describes the amounts of experimental reagents used (e..g. buffers, dNTPS, enzyme), and the temperature and cycle time settings for running the PCR. obo:OBI_0000272 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0000272 A plan specification which has sufficient level of detail and quantitative information to communicate it between investigation agents, so that different investigation agents will reliably be able to independently reproduce the process. obo:OBI_0000272 PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch obo:OBI_0000272 OBI branch derived + wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_%28natural_sciences%29) obo:OBI_0000272 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000272 study protocol obo:OBI_0000272 protocol obo:OBI_0000293 has_specified_input obo:OBI_0000810 informed consent process obo:OBI_0000810 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0000810 A planned process in which a person or their legal representative is informed about key facts about potential risks and benefits of a process and makes a documented decision as to whether the person in question will participate. obo:OBI_0000810 09/28/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: This is made a subclass of the higher level processual entity in BFO because I don't want to take a stand on whether it is a process aggregate. Analogous to the situation with Material entity. obo:OBI_0000810 Person:Alan Ruttenberg obo:OBI_0000810 http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/info/glossary#informed obo:OBI_0000810 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case obo:OBI_0000810 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000810 informed consent process obo:OBI_0000968 device obo:OBI_0000968 A voltmeter is a measurement device which is intended to perform some measure function. obo:OBI_0000968 An autoclave is a device that sterlizes instruments or contaminated waste by applying high temperature and pressure. obo:OBI_0000968 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0000968 A material entity that is designed to perform a function in a scientific investigation, but is not a reagent. obo:OBI_0000968 2012-12-17 JAO: In common lab usage, there is a distinction made between devices and reagents that is difficult to model. Therefore we have chosen to specifically exclude reagents from the definition of "device", and are enumerating the types of roles that a reagent can perform. 2013-6-5 MHB: The following clarifications are outcomes of the May 2013 Philly Workshop. Reagents are distinguished from devices that also participate in scientific techniques by the fact that reagents are chemical or biological in nature and necessarily participate in some chemical interaction or reaction during the realization of their experimental role. By contrast, devices do not participate in such chemical reactions/interactions. Note that there are cases where devices use reagent components during their operation, where the reagent-device distinction is less clear. For example: (1) An HPLC machine is considered a device, but has a column that holds a stationary phase resin as an operational component. This resin qualifies as a device if it participates purely in size exclusion, but bears a reagent role that is realized in the running of a column if it interacts electrostatically or chemically with the evaluant. The container the resin is in (“the column”) considered alone is a device. So the entire column as well as the entire HPLC machine are devices that have a reagent as an operating part. (2) A pH meter is a device, but its electrode component bears a reagent role in virtue of its interacting directly with the evaluant in execution of an assay. (3) A gel running box is a device that has a metallic lead as a component that participates in a chemical reaction with the running buffer when a charge is passed through it. This metallic lead is considered to have a reagent role as a component of this device realized in the running of a gel. In the examples above, a reagent is an operational component of a device, but the device itself does not realize a reagent role (as bearing a reagent role is not transitive across the part_of relation). In this way, the asserted disjointness between a reagent and device holds, as both roles are never realized in the same bearer during execution of an assay. obo:OBI_0000968 PERSON: Helen Parkinson obo:OBI_0000968 instrument obo:OBI_0000968 OBI development call 2012-12-17. obo:OBI_0000968 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0000968 device obo:OBI_0001627 country name obo:OBI_0001627 obo:IAO_0000120 obo:OBI_0001627 A textual entity that denotes a geographic location that is a site or part of a site that is identified as a country in the political geography. obo:OBI_0001627 Person: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng obo:OBI_0001627 NIAID GSCID-BRC metadata working group obo:OBI_0001627 Website: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country obo:OBI_0001627 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0001627 Specimen Collection Location - Country obo:OBI_0001627 NIAID GSCID-BRC obo:OBI_0001627 country name obo:OBI_0001755 selection criterion obo:OBI_0001755 rats should be aged between 6 and 8 weeks and weight between 180-250grams obo:OBI_0001755 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0001755 A directive information entity which defines and states a principle of standard by which selection process may take place. obo:OBI_0001755 Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0001755 selection rule obo:OBI_0001755 OBI discussion summarized under the following tracker item : http://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/678/ obo:OBI_0001755 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0001755 selection criterion obo:OBI_0001847 ISA alternative term obo:OBI_0001847 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0001847 An alternative term used by the ISA tools project (http://isa-tools.org). obo:OBI_0001847 Requested by Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3603413&group_id=177891&atid=886178 obo:OBI_0001847 Person: Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran obo:OBI_0001847 Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0001847 ISA tools project (http://isa-tools.org) obo:OBI_0001847 ISA alternative term obo:OBI_0001886 NIAID GSCID-BRC alternative term obo:OBI_0001886 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0001886 An alternative term used by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Genomic Sequencing Centers for Infectious Diseases (GSCID) and Bioinformatics Resource Centers (BRC). obo:OBI_0001886 PERSON: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng obo:OBI_0001886 NIAID GSCID-BRC metadata working group obo:OBI_0001886 NIAID GSCID-BRC alternative term obo:OBI_0001928 selection obo:OBI_0001928 PMID: 24023800. In this study, a set of eleven genes (VATP16, 60 S, UQCC, SMD3, EF1α, UBQ, SAND, GAPDH, ACT, PsaB, PTB2) was evaluated to identify reference genes during the first hours of interaction (6, 12, 18 and 24 hpi) between two V. vinifera genotypes and P. viticola. Two analyses were used for the selection of reference genes: direct comparison of susceptible, Trincadeira, and resistant, Regent, V. vinifera cultivars at 0 h, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours post inoculation with P. viticola (genotype effect); and comparison of each genotype with mock inoculated samples during inoculation time-course (biotic stress effect). Three statistical methods were used, GeNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper, allowing to identify UBQ, EF1α and GAPDH as the most stable genes for the genotype effect. obo:OBI_0001928 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0001928 A planned process which results in the creation of group of entity from a larger group by the application of predefined criteria. obo:OBI_0001928 this term refers to a planned process and therefore is distinct from the notion of 'natural selection', a process covering the operation of natural causes by which those individuals of a species that are best adapted to the environment tend to be preserved and to transmit their characters, while those less adapted die out, so that in the course of generations the degree of adaptation to the environment tends progressively to increase. (as defined by Oxford English Dictionary) obo:OBI_0001928 Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0001928 selection process obo:OBI_0001928 OBI obo:OBI_0001928 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0001928 selection obo:OBI_0001933 value specification obo:OBI_0001933 The value of 'positive' in a classification scheme of "positive or negative"; the value of '20g' on the quantitative scale of mass. obo:OBI_0001933 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0001933 An information content entity that specifies a value within a classification scheme or on a quantitative scale. obo:OBI_0001933 This term is currently a descendant of 'information content entity', which requires that it 'is about' something. A value specification of '20g' for a measurement data item of the mass of a particular mouse 'is about' the mass of that mouse. However there are cases where a value specification is not clearly about any particular. In the future we may change 'value specification' to remove the 'is about' requirement. obo:OBI_0001933 PERSON:Bjoern Peters obo:OBI_0001933 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0001933 value specification obo:OBI_0002555 age group inclusion criterion obo:OBI_0002555 "18-33 years old" obo:OBI_0002555 obo:IAO_0000123 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:OBI_0002555 A type of eligibility criteria that indicates the age a person must be to participate in a clinical study. This may be indicated by a specific age or the following age groups. The age groups are: Child (birth-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+). obo:OBI_0002555 An inclusion criterion that defines and states an age bracket which, if met, makes an entity suitable for a given task or participation in a given process. obo:OBI_0002555 Mathias Brochhausen obo:OBI_0002555 #839 obo:OBI_0002555 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0002555 ages eligible for study obo:OBI_0002555 age group inclusion criterion obo:OBI_0002555 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:OBI_0002556 minimum age value specification obo:OBI_0002556 obo:IAO_0000123 obo:OBI_0002556 A value specifcation that specifies the youngest age when specifying an age range. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OBI_0002556 The numerical value, if any, for the minimum age a potential participant must meet to be eligible for the clinical study. obo:OBI_0002556 Mathias Brochhausen obo:OBI_0002556 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0002556 minimum age obo:OBI_0002556 minimum age value specification obo:OBI_0002557 maximum age value specification obo:OBI_0002557 obo:IAO_0000123 obo:OBI_0002557 A value specifcation that specifies the oldest age when specifying an age range. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OBI_0002557 The numerical value, if any, for the maximum age a potential participant can be to be eligible for the clinical study. obo:OBI_0002557 Mathias Brochhausen obo:OBI_0002557 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0002557 maximum age obo:OBI_0002557 maximum age value specification obo:OBI_0002561 sex inclusion criterion obo:OBI_0002561 "included males and females", "included male patients" obo:OBI_0002561 obo:IAO_0000123 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:OBI_0002561 A type of eligibility criteria that indicates the sex of people who may participate in a clinical study (all, female, male). Sex is a person's classification as female or male based on biological distinctions. Sex is distinct from gender-based eligibility. obo:OBI_0002561 An inclusion criterion that defines and states one or more sexes which, if met, makes an entity suitable for a given task or participation in a given process. obo:OBI_0002561 Mathias Brochhausen obo:OBI_0002561 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0002561 sexes eligible for study obo:OBI_0002561 sex inclusion criterion obo:OBI_0002561 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:OBI_0002624 case-control study design obo:OBI_0002624 obo:IAO_0000120 obo:OBI_0002624 A study design that entails the creation of two types of roles, such that each participant under investigation bears one or the other. What distinguishes the two types of roles is an 'outcome', which is associated with participants that have the case role but not associated with participants that have the control role. A case-control study examines the hypothesis that the presence of the outcome in case participants is associated with an 'exposure' that is not associated with control participants. obo:OBI_0002624 John Judkins, Bjoern Peters obo:OBI_0002624 Wikipedia, OBI obo:OBI_0002624 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0002624 case-control study design obo:OBI_0300311 observation design obo:OBI_0300311 PMID: 12387964.Lancet. 2002 Oct 12;360(9340):1144-9.Deficiency of antibacterial peptides in patients with morbus Kostmann: an observation study. obo:OBI_0300311 obo:IAO_0000125 obo:OBI_0300311 observation design is a study design in which subjects are monitored in the absence of any active intervention by experimentalists. obo:OBI_0300311 Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0300311 OBI branch derived obo:OBI_0300311 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0300311 observation design obo:OBI_0300311 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OBI_0500000 study design obo:OBI_0500000 a matched pairs study design describes criteria by which subjects are identified as pairs which then undergo the same protocols, and the data generated is analyzed by comparing the differences between the paired subjects, which constitute the results of the executed study design. obo:OBI_0500000 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0500000 A plan specification comprised of protocols (which may specify how and what kinds of data will be gathered) that are executed as part of an investigation and is realized during a study design execution. obo:OBI_0500000 Editor note: there is at least an implicit restriction on the kind of data transformations that can be done based on the measured data available. obo:OBI_0500000 PERSON: Chris Stoeckert obo:OBI_0500000 experimental design obo:OBI_0500000 rediscussed at length (MC/JF/BP). 12/9/08). The definition was clarified to differentiate it from protocol. obo:OBI_0500000 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0500000 obo:omiabis.owl obo:OBI_0500000 study design obo:OBI_0500000 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OBI_0500000 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:OBI_0500002 repeated measure design obo:OBI_0500002 PMID: 10959922.J Biopharm Stat. 2000 Aug;10(3):433-45.Equivalence in test assay method comparisons for the repeated-measure, matched-pair design in medical device studies: statistical considerations. obo:OBI_0500002 obo:IAO_0000120 obo:OBI_0500002 a study design which use the same individuals and exposure them to a set of conditions. The effect of order and practice can be confounding factor in such designs obo:OBI_0500002 PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch obo:OBI_0500002 http://www.holah.karoo.net/experimentaldesigns.htm obo:OBI_0500002 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0500002 repeated measure design obo:OBI_0500003 cross over design obo:OBI_0500003 PMID: 17601993-Objective: HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy (HIV-lipodystrophy) are insulin resistant and have elevated plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations. We aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying FFA-induced insulin resistance in patients with HIV-lipodystrophy. Research Design and Methods: Using a randomized placebo-controlled cross-over design, we studied the effects of an overnight acipimox-induced suppression of FFA on glucose and FFA metabolism by using stable isotope labelled tracer techniques during basal conditions and a two-stage euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp (20 mU insulin/m(2)/min; 50 mU insulin/m(2)/min) in nine patients with nondiabetic HIV-lipodystrophy. All patients received antiretroviral therapy. Biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle were obtained during each stage of the clamp. Results: Acipimox treatment reduced basal FFA rate of appearance by 68.9% (52.6%-79.5%) and decreased plasma FFA concentration by 51.6 % (42.0%-58.9%), (both, P < 0.0001). Endogenous glucose production was not influenced by acipimox. During the clamp the increase in glucose-uptake was significantly greater after acipimox treatment compared to placebo (acipimox: 26.85 (18.09-39.86) vs placebo: 20.30 (13.67-30.13) mumol/kg/min; P < 0.01). Insulin increased phosphorylation of Akt (Thr(308)) and GSK-3beta (Ser(9)), decreased phosphorylation of glycogen synthase (GS) site 3a+b and increased GS-activity (I-form) in skeletal muscle (P < 0.01). Acipimox decreased phosphorylation of GS (site 3a+b) (P < 0.02) and increased GS-activity (P < 0.01) in muscle. Conclusion: The present study provides direct evidence that suppression of lipolysis in patients with HIV-lipodystrophy improves insulin-stimulated peripheral glucose-uptake. The increased glucose-uptake may in part be explained by increased dephosphorylation of GS (site 3a+b) resulting in increased GS activity. obo:OBI_0500003 obo:IAO_0000120 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OBI_0500003 Participants receive one of two (or more) alternative interventions during the initial phase of the study and receive the other intervention during the second phase of the study obo:OBI_0500003 a repeated measure design which ensures that experimental units receive, in sequence, the treatment (or the control), and then, after a specified time interval (aka *wash-out periods*), switch to the control (or treatment). In this design, subjects (patients in human context) serve as their own controls, and randomization may be used to determine the ordering which a subject receives the treatment and control obo:OBI_0500003 Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0500003 (source: http://www.sbu.se/Filer/Content0/publikationer/1/literaturesearching_1993/glossary.html) obo:OBI_0500003 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0500003 cross over design obo:OBI_0500004 n-to-1 design obo:OBI_0500004 obo:IAO_0000125 obo:OBI_0500004 N-of-1 design is a cross-over design in which the same patient is repeatedly randomised to receive either the experimental treatment or its control (Senn, 1993). obo:OBI_0500004 Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0500004 Adapted from http://www.childrens-mercy.org/stats/definitions/crossover.htm and source:http://symptomresearch.nih.gov/chapter_6/sec1/csss1pg1.htm) obo:OBI_0500004 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0500004 n-to-1 design obo:OBI_0500006 parallel group design obo:OBI_0500006 PMID: 17408389-Purpose: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the most important reason for blindness following retinal detachment. Presently, vitreous tamponades such as gas or silicone oil cannot contact the lower part of the retina. A heavier-than-water tamponade displaces the inflammatory and PVR-stimulating environment from the inferior area of the retina. The Heavy Silicone Oil versus Standard Silicone Oil Study (HSO Study) is designed to answer the question of whether a heavier-than-water tamponade improves the prognosis of eyes with PVR of the lower retina. Methods: The HSO Study is a multicentre, randomized, prospective controlled clinical trial comparing two endotamponades within a two-arm parallel group design. Patients with inferiorly and posteriorly located PVR are randomized to either heavy silicone oil or standard silicone oil as a tamponading agent. Three hundred and fifty consecutive patients are recruited per group. After intraoperative re-attachment, patients are randomized to either standard silicone oil (1000 cSt or 5000 cSt) or Densiron((R)) as a tamponading agent. The main endpoint criteria are complete retinal attachment at 12 months and change of visual acuity (VA) 12 months postoperatively compared with the preoperative VA. Secondary endpoints include complete retinal attachment before endotamponade removal, quality of life analysis and the number of retina affecting re-operation within 1 year of follow-up. Results: The design and early recruitment phase of the study are described. Conclusions: The results of this study will uncover whether or not heavy silicone oil improves the prognosis of eyes with PVR. obo:OBI_0500006 obo:IAO_0000125 obo:OBI_0500006 A parallel group design or independent measure design is a study design which uses unique experimental unit each experimental group, in other word no two individuals are shared between experimental groups, hence also known as parallel group design. Subjects of a treatment group receive a unique combination of independent variable values making up a treatment https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OBI_0500006 Participants are assigned to one of two or more groups in parallel for the duration of the study obo:OBI_0500006 Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0500006 independent measure design obo:OBI_0500006 http://www.holah.karoo.net/experimentaldesigns.htm obo:OBI_0500006 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0500006 parallel group design obo:OBI_0500014 factorial design obo:OBI_0500014 PMID: 17582121-Our objective was to examine the effects of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) with different concentrations of dietary crude protein (CP) on performance and acid-base status in early lactation cows. Six lactating Holstein cows averaging 44 d in milk were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square design with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments: DCAD of -3, 22, or 47 milliequivalents (Na + K - Cl - S)/100 g of dry matter (DM), and 16 or 19% CP on a DM basis. Linear increases with DCAD occurred in DM intake, milk fat percentage, 4% fat-corrected milk production, milk true protein, milk lactose, and milk solids-not-fat. Milk production itself was unaffected by DCAD. Jugular venous blood pH, base excess and HCO3(-) concentration, and urine pH increased, but jugular venous blood Cl- concentration, urine titratable acidity, and net acid excretion decreased linearly with increasing DCAD. An elevated ratio of coccygeal venous plasma essential AA to nonessential AA with increasing DCAD indicated that N metabolism in the rumen was affected, probably resulting in more microbial protein flowing to the small intestine. Cows fed 16% CP had lower urea N in milk than cows fed 19% CP; the same was true for urea N in coccygeal venous plasma and urine. Dry matter intake, milk production, milk composition, and acid-base status did not differ between the 16 and 19% CP treatments. It was concluded that DCAD affected DM intake and performance of dairy cows in early lactation. Feeding 16% dietary CP to cows in early lactation, compared with 19% CP, maintained lactation performance while reducing urea N excretion in milk and urine. obo:OBI_0500014 obo:IAO_0000125 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OBI_0500014 Two or more interventions, each alone and in combination, are evaluated in parallel against a control group obo:OBI_0500014 factorial design is_a study design which is used to evaluate two or more factors simultaneously. The treatments are combinations of levels of the factors. The advantages of factorial designs over one-factor-at-a-time experiments is that they are more efficient and they allow interactions to be detected. In statistics, a factorial design experiment is an experiment whose design consists of two or more factors, each with discrete possible values or levels, and whose experimental units take on all possible combinations of these levels across all such factors. Such an experiment allows studying the effect of each factor on the response variable, as well as the effects of interactions between factors on the response variable. obo:OBI_0500014 Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0500014 http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/steps/glossary/anova.html#facdes And from wikipedia (01/03/2007): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial_experiment) obo:OBI_0500014 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0500014 factorial design obo:OBI_0500026 eligibility criterion obo:OBI_0500026 PMID: 17579629 -Eligibility criteria included: untreated ED-SCLC; age >/=70 and performance status 0-2, or age <70 and PS 3. obo:OBI_0500026 obo:IAO_0000122 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OBI_0500026 A limited list of criteria for selection of participants in the clinical study, provided in terms of inclusion and exclusion criteria and suitable for assisting potential participants in identifying clinical studies of interest. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:OBI_0500026 The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex obo:OBI_0500026 an eligibility criterion (rule) is_a selection criterion which defines and states the requirements (positive or negative) for an entity to be considered as suitable for a given task or participation in a process. obo:OBI_0500026 Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0500026 eligibility rule obo:OBI_0500026 Adapted from Clinical Research Glossary Version 4.0 CDICS glossary group obo:OBI_0500026 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0500026 eligibility criterion obo:OBI_0500027 inclusion criterion obo:OBI_0500027 PMID: 23979341-The major inclusion criterion was patients in whom severe cerebral embolism was diagnosed at age 75 or younger (more than 9 in the NIHSS score on day 7 after the onset of stroke) . obo:OBI_0500027 obo:IAO_0000125 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:OBI_0500027 A type of eligibility criteria. These are the reasons that a person is allowed to participate in a clinical study. obo:OBI_0500027 an inclusion criterion (rule) is_a *eligibility criterion* which defines and states a condition which, if met, makes an entity suitable for a given task or participation in a given process. For instance, in a study protocol, inclusion criteria indicate the conditions that prospective subjects MUST meet to be eligible for participation in a study. obo:OBI_0500027 Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0500027 inclusion condition obo:OBI_0500027 inclusion rule obo:OBI_0500027 Adapted from Clinical Research Glossary Version 4.0 CDICS glossary group obo:OBI_0500027 obo:obi.owl http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:OBI_0500027 key inclusion criteria obo:OBI_0500027 inclusion criterion obo:OBI_0500028 exclusion rule obo:OBI_0500028 PMID: 17600285-Exclusion criteria included the use of any topical ophthalmic or topical oral medication and/or history of ocular or oral surgery within the past six months. obo:OBI_0500028 obo:IAO_0000125 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:OBI_0500028 A type of eligibility criteria. These are reasons that a person is not allowed to participate in a clinical study. obo:OBI_0500028 an exclusion criterion (rule) is_a *eligibility criterion* which defines and states a condition which, if met, makes an entity unsuitable for a given task or participation in a given process. For instance, in a study protocol, exclusion criteria indicate the conditions that prospective subjects SHOULD NOT meet to be eligible for participation in a study obo:OBI_0500028 Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra obo:OBI_0500028 Adapted from Clinical Research Glossary Version 4.0 CDICS glossary group obo:OBI_0500028 obo:obi.owl http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:OBI_0500028 key exclusion criteria obo:OBI_0500028 exclusion criterion obo:OBI_0600004 human subject enrollment obo:OBI_0600004 enlisting familiy members of HIV patients into a study obo:OBI_0600004 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_0600004 A planned process with the objective to obtain a population of human subjects to participate in an investigation by determining eligibility of subjects and obtaining informed consent. obo:OBI_0600004 As with group assignment, should the specified output here be an organism which bears a role obo:OBI_0600004 Bjoern Peters obo:OBI_0600004 IEDB obo:OBI_0600004 criteria come from plan / clinical trial branch obo:OBI_0600004 obo:obi.owl obo:OBI_0600004 human subject enrollment obo:OBI_9991118 IEDB alternative term obo:OBI_9991118 obo:IAO_0000122 obo:OBI_9991118 An alternative term used by the IEDB. obo:OBI_9991118 PERSON:Randi Vita, Jason Greenbaum, Bjoern Peters obo:OBI_9991118 IEDB obo:OBI_9991118 IEDB alternative term obo:OGMS_0000014 A representation that is either the output of a clinical history taking or a physical examination or an image finding, or some combination thereof. obo:OGMS_0000014 Albert Goldfain obo:OGMS_0000014 http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf obo:OGMS_0000014 creation date: 2010-07-19T10:18:02Z obo:OGMS_0000014 obo:ogms.owl obo:OGMS_0000014 clinical finding obo:OGMS_0000015 A series of statements representing health-relevant qualities of a patient and of a patient's family. obo:OGMS_0000015 Albert Goldfain obo:OGMS_0000015 http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf obo:OGMS_0000015 creation date: 2010-07-19T10:18:59Z obo:OGMS_0000015 obo:ogms.owl obo:OGMS_0000015 clinical history obo:OGMS_0000019 A representation of a quality of a patient that is (1) recorded by a clinician because the quality is hypothesized to be of clinical significance and (2) refers to qualities obtaining in the patient prior to their becoming detectable in a clinical history taking or physical examination. obo:OGMS_0000019 Albert Goldfain obo:OGMS_0000019 http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf obo:OGMS_0000019 creation date: 2009-06-23T10:22:44Z obo:OGMS_0000019 obo:ogms.owl obo:OGMS_0000019 preclinical finding obo:OGMS_0000031 A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. obo:OGMS_0000031 Albert Goldfain obo:OGMS_0000031 http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf obo:OGMS_0000031 creation date: 2009-06-23T11:21:20Z obo:OGMS_0000031 obo:ogms.owl obo:OGMS_0000031 disease obo:OGMS_0000060 Albert Goldfain obo:OGMS_0000060 creation date: 2009-06-23T11:53:49Z obo:OGMS_0000060 obo:oae.owl obo:OGMS_0000060 obo:ogms.owl obo:OGMS_0000060 bodily process obo:OGMS_0000061 A bodily process that is clinically abnormal. obo:OGMS_0000061 Albert Goldfain obo:OGMS_0000061 http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf obo:OGMS_0000061 creation date: 2009-06-23T11:54:29Z obo:OGMS_0000061 obo:oae.owl obo:OGMS_0000061 obo:ogms.owl obo:OGMS_0000061 pathological bodily process https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/doc/EU_Clinical_Trials_Register_Glossary.pdf obo:OGMS_0000073 1. the determination of the nature of a case of disease. 2. the art of distinguishing one disease from another. obo:OGMS_0000073 The representation of a conclusion of a diagnostic process. obo:OGMS_0000073 Albert Goldfain obo:OGMS_0000073 http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf obo:OGMS_0000073 creation date: 2009-06-23T12:42:23Z obo:OGMS_0000073 obo:ogms.owl obo:OGMS_0000073 diagnosis obo:OMIABIS_0001019 A study design that involves repeated observations of the same entity over time. In the biobank context, longitudinal studies sample a group of people in a given time period, and study them at intervals by the acquisition and analyses of data and/or samples over time. obo:OMIABIS_0001019 Alice Nzinga obo:OMIABIS_0001019 obo:omiabis.owl obo:OMIABIS_0001019 longitudinal study design obo:OMIABIS_0001020 A longitudinal study that aims to study a case-defined population who presently have a certain condition or recepient of a particular treatment that are followed over time and are compared with a similar group who do not have condition. obo:OMIABIS_0001020 obo:omiabis.owl obo:OMIABIS_0001020 cohort study design obo:OMRSE_00000024 A role inhering in an entity realized by social interactions in human society. obo:OMRSE_00000024 Mathias Brochhausen obo:OMRSE_00000024 obo:omrse.owl obo:OMRSE_00000024 Previous definition: A role played by an entity in human social processes. obo:OMRSE_00000024 role in human social processes obo:OMRSE_00000038 A role borne by a human individual or by a collection of humans regarded as possessing rights and duties enforeable at law. obo:OMRSE_00000038 Mathias Brochhausen obo:OMRSE_00000038 Malcolm N. Shaw: International Law. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008. obo:OMRSE_00000038 obo:omrse.owl obo:OMRSE_00000038 We are aware of the fact that Wikipedia's definition differs from ours by saying that "Legal personality (...) is the characteristic of a non-living entity regarded by law to have the status of personhood" (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_personality) However, Shaw explicates: "In any legal system, certain entities, whether they be individuals or companies, will be regarded as possessing rights and duties enforceable at law. Thus an individual may prosecute or be prosecuted for assault and a company can sue for breach of contract. They are able to do this because the law recognises them as 'legal persons' possessing the capacity to have and to maintain certain rights, and being subject to perform specific duties. (...) In municipal law individuals, limited companies and public corporations are recognized as each possessing a distinct legal personality, the terms of which are circumscribed by the relevant legislation" (Shaw MN: International Law. Sixth Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008). We hold that Shaw's position is ontological more prolific since it not only allows to explain how groups of individuals become recognized as unities at law, but also how different individuals can hold different legal personality roles (always against the context of one legal system). The latter will proof useful when dealing with the representing comatous patients or minorsat law in ontologies. obo:OMRSE_00000038 legal person role obo:OPMI_0000112 A telephone number is a sequence of digits assigned to a fixed-line telephone subscriber station connected to a telephone line or to a wireless electronic telephony device, such as a radio telephone or a mobile telephone, or to other devices for data transmission via the public switched telephone network (PSTN) or other public and private networks. obo:OPMI_0000112 Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000112 phone number obo:OPMI_0000112 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_number obo:OPMI_0000112 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000112 telephone number obo:OPMI_0000223 The textual name of the contact person or organization obo:OPMI_0000223 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000223 contact name obo:OPMI_0000282 The medical state or condition of a patient obo:OPMI_0000282 Oliver He, Edison Ong obo:OPMI_0000282 medical state obo:OPMI_0000282 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_state obo:OPMI_0000282 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000282 medical condition obo:OPMI_0000293 A person who performs an investigation task and takes the role of an investigator role. obo:OPMI_0000293 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000293 investigator obo:OPMI_0000294 An investigator who is involved in a clinical trial and is responsible for ensuring that an investigation is conducted according to the signed investigator statement, the investigational plan, and applicable regulations; for protecting the rights, safety, and welfare of subjects under the investigator's care; and for the control of drugs under investigation. obo:OPMI_0000294 Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000294 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_investigator obo:OPMI_0000294 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000294 clinical investigator obo:OPMI_0000296 The (estimated) date on which the clinical study is open for recruitment of participants, or the actual date on which the first participant is enrolled. obo:OPMI_0000296 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OPMI_0000296 obo:opmi.owl http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html obo:OPMI_0000296 date of first enrollment obo:OPMI_0000296 study start obo:OPMI_0000296 clinical trial start date obo:OPMI_0000297 The date on which a study completes https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OPMI_0000297 The date the final participant was examined or received an intervention for purposes of final collection of data for the primary and secondary outcome measures and adverse events (for example, last participant’s last visit), whether the clinical study concluded according to the pre-specified protocol or was terminated. obo:OPMI_0000297 Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000297 obo:opmi.owl http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html obo:OPMI_0000297 Completion Date obo:OPMI_0000297 study completion obo:OPMI_0000297 study completion date https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-studies/glossary obo:OPMI_0000302 The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date). obo:OPMI_0000302 a date when a registration occurs obo:OPMI_0000302 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000302 First submitted https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:OPMI_0000302 date of registration in primary registry obo:OPMI_0000302 date of registration obo:OPMI_0000304 The current stage of a clinical study and whether it is or will be open for enrollment https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OPMI_0000304 The recruitment status for the clinical study as a whole, based upon the status of the individual sites. If at least one facility in a multi-site clinical study has an Individual Site Status of "Recruiting," then the Overall Recruitment Status for the study must be "Recruiting." obo:OPMI_0000304 Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000304 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/help/glossary/recruitment-status obo:OPMI_0000304 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000304 recruitment status obo:OPMI_0000304 http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/ http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/index.html obo:OPMI_0000326 Oliver He, Edison Ong obo:OPMI_0000326 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000326 status obo:OPMI_0000327 The current stage of a clinical study and whether it is or will be open for enrollment obo:OPMI_0000327 Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000327 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/help/glossary/recruitment-status obo:OPMI_0000327 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000327 study status obo:OPMI_0000364 An annotation property that refers to a code defined by NCIT obo:OPMI_0000364 NCIT code https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OPMI_0000365 Combining a drug and device, a biological product and device; a drug and biological product; or a drug, biological product, and device obo:OPMI_0000365 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000365 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000365 combinational intervention obo:OPMI_0000366 has process quality obo:OPMI_0000376 A medical intervention that involves a behavioral process to control, prevent, or treat a behavior problem. obo:OPMI_0000376 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000376 https://www.understood.org/en/learning-attention-issues/treatments-approaches/educational-strategies/behavior-intervention-plans-what-you-need-to-know obo:OPMI_0000376 obo:opmi.owl https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OPMI_0000376 behavioral obo:OPMI_0000376 behavioral intervention obo:OPMI_0000381 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000381 human subject obo:OPMI_0000383 In clinicaltrials.gov, contact information character limits: First Name: 62 characters Last Name: 62 characters Degree: 30 characters Phone: 30 characters Phone Ext: 14 characters Email: 254 characters Citation: https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html#StudyOfficials obo:OPMI_0000383 A person who serves as a contact role and has disclosed specified information to be reached. Usually the contact information, such as email and phone number, is provided., obo:OPMI_0000383 Leon, Asiyah, Oliver: Since each contact needs to provide some contact information, we may need to define the contact information. obo:OPMI_0000383 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000383 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html#StudyOfficials obo:OPMI_0000383 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000383 contact person obo:OPMI_0000384 A contact person for each facility participating in a study. obo:OPMI_0000384 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000384 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OPMI_0000384 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000384 facility contact obo:OPMI_0000389 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000389 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html#StudyOfficials obo:OPMI_0000389 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000389 contact of scientific queries obo:OPMI_0000390 An investigation agent role that is taken by a human individual obo:OPMI_0000390 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000390 human investigator role obo:OPMI_0000390 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000390 investigator role obo:OPMI_0000391 a role taken by a person who serves as a contact for some process. obo:OPMI_0000391 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000391 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000391 contact person role obo:OPMI_0000393 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000393 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html#StudyOfficials obo:OPMI_0000393 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000393 contact for public queries obo:OPMI_0000395 A person to whom questions concerning enrollment at any location of the study can be addressed. obo:OPMI_0000395 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000395 central contact person obo:OPMI_0000395 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OPMI_0000395 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000395 central contact person of study obo:OPMI_0000397 information content entity about a contact person obo:OPMI_0000397 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000397 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000397 contact person information obo:OPMI_0000398 A sponsor role taken by an individual, organization, group or other legal entity which takes responsibility for initiating, managing and/or financing a study. The Primary Sponsor is responsible for ensuring that the trial is properly registered. The Primary Sponsor may or may not be the main funder. obo:OPMI_0000398 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000398 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:OPMI_0000398 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000398 primary sponsor role obo:OPMI_0000399 A sponsor role taken by an additional individual, organization or another legal person, if any, that has agreed with the primary sponsor to take on responsibilities of sponsorship. obo:OPMI_0000399 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000399 collaborator role obo:OPMI_0000399 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:OPMI_0000399 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000399 A secondary sponsor may have agreed to: - take on all the responsibilities of sponsorship jointly with the primary sponsor; or - form a group with the Primary Sponsor in which the responsibilities of sponsorship are allocated among the members of the group; or - act as the Primary Sponsor’s legal representative in relation to some or all of the trial sites. by WHO (https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/) obo:OPMI_0000399 In clinicaltrials.gov, the secondary sponsor role can be taken by a project collaborator (Reference: https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/trainTrainer/WHO-ICMJE-ClinTrialsgov-Cross-Ref.pdf). However, a secondary sponsor may serve as a collaborator role, but a collaborator may not serve as a secondary sponsor role. obo:OPMI_0000399 secondary sponsor role obo:OPMI_0000400 An investigator role taken by an individual who is designated as responsible party by the sponsor obo:OPMI_0000400 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000400 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OPMI_0000400 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000400 principal investigator role obo:OPMI_0000401 An investigator role taken by an individual who both initiates and conducts the study obo:OPMI_0000401 Leon Li, Asiyah Lin, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000401 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:OPMI_0000401 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000401 sponsor investigator role obo:OPMI_0000402 An investigation agent role taken by an agent (an individual, organization, group or another legal entity) who provides support to an investigation. The support may include funding, design, implementation, data analysis or reporting. The responsible party is responsible for confirming all collaborators before listing them. obo:OPMI_0000402 Leon Li, Asiyah Li, Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000402 collaborator role obo:OPMI_0000402 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html#Collaborators obo:OPMI_0000402 https://www.who.int/ictrp/network/trds/en/ obo:OPMI_0000402 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000402 A secondary sponsor may serve as a collaborator role. However, a collaborator may not serve as a secondary sponsor role. obo:OPMI_0000402 investigation collaborator role obo:OPMI_0000418 A systematic, scientific investigation that can be either interventional or observational and involves human beings as research subjects. Human subject research can be either medical (clinical) research or non-medical (e.g., social science) research. obo:OPMI_0000418 Oliver He obo:OPMI_0000418 human investigation obo:OPMI_0000418 human study obo:OPMI_0000418 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_subject_research obo:OPMI_0000418 obo:opmi.owl obo:OPMI_0000418 human subject study obo:PATO_0000047 An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. obo:PATO_0000047 obo:pato.owl obo:PATO_0000047 quality obo:PATO_0000047 PATO:0000047 obo:PATO_0000047 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/pato#attribute_slim obo:PATO_0000047 biological sex obo:PATO_0000383 A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes. obo:PATO_0000383 obo:pato.owl obo:PATO_0000383 quality obo:PATO_0000383 PATO:0000383 obo:PATO_0000383 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/pato#mpath_slim obo:PATO_0000383 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/pato#value_slim obo:PATO_0000383 female obo:PATO_0000384 A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes. obo:PATO_0000384 obo:pato.owl obo:PATO_0000384 quality obo:PATO_0000384 PATO:0000384 obo:PATO_0000384 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/pato#mpath_slim obo:PATO_0000384 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/pato#value_slim obo:PATO_0000384 male obo:PATO_0001236 A quality which inheres in an process. obo:PATO_0001236 obo:pato.owl obo:PATO_0001236 PATO:0001239 obo:PATO_0001236 PATO:0001240 obo:PATO_0001236 quality of a process obo:PATO_0001236 quality of occurrent obo:PATO_0001236 quality of process obo:PATO_0001236 relational quality of occurrent obo:PATO_0001236 quality obo:PATO_0001236 PATO:0001236 obo:PATO_0001236 See comments of relational quality of a physical entity. obo:PATO_0001236 process quality obo:PATO_0001241 A quality which inheres in a continuant. obo:PATO_0001241 obo:pato.owl obo:PATO_0001241 PATO:0001237 obo:PATO_0001241 PATO:0001238 obo:PATO_0001241 snap:Quality obo:PATO_0001241 monadic quality of a continuant obo:PATO_0001241 multiply inhering quality of a physical entity obo:PATO_0001241 quality of a continuant obo:PATO_0001241 quality of a single physical entity obo:PATO_0001241 quality of an object obo:PATO_0001241 quality of continuant obo:PATO_0001241 monadic quality of an object obo:PATO_0001241 monadic quality of continuant obo:PATO_0001241 quality obo:PATO_0001241 PATO:0001241 obo:PATO_0001241 Relational qualities are qualities that hold between multiple entities. Normal (monadic) qualities such as the shape of a eyeball exist purely as a quality of that eyeball. A relational quality such as sensitivity to light is a quality of that eyeball (and connecting nervous system) as it relates to incoming light waves/particles. obo:PATO_0001241 physical object quality obo:PATO_0001894 An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical expression of sexual characteristics. obo:PATO_0001894 obo:pato.owl obo:PATO_0001894 quality obo:PATO_0001894 PATO:0001894 obo:PATO_0001894 http://purl.oboInOwllibrary.org/oboInOwl/pato#attribute_slim obo:PATO_0001894 phenotypic sex obo:PATO_0001995 A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. obo:PATO_0001995 obo:pato.owl obo:PATO_0001995 quality obo:PATO_0001995 PATO:0001995 obo:PATO_0001995 organismal quality obo:PDRO_0000129 obo:IAO_0000123 obo:PDRO_0000129 An information content entity that describes some relationships between some entities and whose truthfullness is a prerequisite for something. obo:PDRO_0000129 Une entité de contenu informationnel qui décrit des relations entre certaines entités et dont la véracité est un prérequis pour quelque chose. obo:PDRO_0000129 obo:pdro.owl obo:PDRO_0000129 condition obo:PDRO_0000129 condition obo:RO_0000057 has participant obo:RO_0000059 concretizes obo:RO_0000087 has role obo:RO_0002248 Any portion of roundup 'has active ingredient' some glyphosate obo:RO_0002248 A relationship that holds between a substance and a chemical entity, if the chemical entity is part of the substance, and the chemical entity forms the biologically active component of the substance. obo:RO_0002248 obo:ro.owl obo:RO_0002248 has active substance obo:RO_0002248 has active pharmaceutical ingredient obo:RO_0002248 has active ingredient obo:RO_0002249 active ingredient in obo:VO_0000002 a medical intervention that involves in adding vaccine into a host (e.g., human, mouse) in vivo with the intent to invoke an adaptive immune response. obo:VO_0000002 obo:oae.owl obo:VO_0000002 obo:vo.owl obo:VO_0000002 vaccination obo:VO_0000002 https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html obo:VO_0000427 A vaccine clinical trial that investigates the safety profile of a vaccine in a small group (10-50) of healthy volunteers. obo:VO_0000427 YH obo:VO_0000427 obo:vo.owl obo:VO_0000427 phase 1 vaccine trial obo:VO_0000428 A vaccine clinical trial that studies vaccine efficacy with a target population (numbering 50-100). Different dosage levels will also be explored at this stage to determine the optimum dose. obo:VO_0000428 YH obo:VO_0000428 obo:vo.owl obo:VO_0000428 phase 2 vaccine trial obo:VO_0000429 A vaccine clinical trial that takes the trial to a large-scale safety and efficacy study in a relevant patient population, usually in excess of 3,000. obo:VO_0000429 YH obo:VO_0000429 obo:vo.owl obo:VO_0000429 phase 3 vaccine trial obo:VO_0000430 The final stage of vaccine clinical evaluation. Phase IV occurs after a vaccine or therapy is licensed and is being used by large numbers of people. These studies are not always required or completed. obo:VO_0000430 YH obo:VO_0000430 obo:vo.owl obo:VO_0000430 phase 4 vaccine trial obo:VO_0000596 A processual entity by which a vaccine is tested clinically for safety and effectiveness. Clinical trials are conducted in phases. Classically, clinical trials unfold in three phases in order to gather data and information about a vaccine and its performance. This will form the basis of a dossier submitted to regulatory authorities by way of an application for licensure. After a vaccine is licensed and is being used by large numbers of people, a Phase IV study may or may not be taken for vaccine clinical evaluation. obo:VO_0000596 Most vaccines against a pathogen (e.g., HIV) are not tested by vaccinating people and then deliberately exposing them to virulent pathogen (e.g., HIV). This strategy is never for a vaccine against a disease as serious as HIV. The best way to determine if a vaccine is effective is to test it in a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. This type of trial is often referred to as the gold standard in medical research and provides the strongest evidence for the efficacy of a vaccine. obo:VO_0000596 YH obo:VO_0000596 obo:vo.owl obo:VO_0000596 vaccine clinical trial obo:omrse.owl The Ontology of Medically Related Social Entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon#has_rank A metadata relation between a class and its taxonomic rank (eg species, family) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon#has_rank ncbi_taxonomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon#has_rank has_rank dc:description Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, table of contents, reference to a graphical representation of content or a free-text account of the content. dc:description An account of the content of the resource. dc:description dc: dc:description Description dc:description Description dc:source The present resource may be derived from the Source resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. dc:source A reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived. dc:source dc: dc:source Source dc:source Source https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html http://purl.org/net/OCRe/research.owl#Case_control_study Group of individuals with specific characteristics (for example, conditions or exposures) compared to group(s) with different characteristics, but otherwise similar. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html http://purl.org/net/OCRe/research.owl#Case_crossover_study Characteristics of case immediately prior to disease onset (sometimes called the hazard period) compared to characteristics of same case at a prior time (that is, control period). https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html http://purl.org/net/OCRe/research.owl#Cohort_study Group of individuals, initially defined and composed, with common characteristics (for example, condition, birth year), who are examined or traced over a given time period. https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html http://purl.org/net/OCRe/research.owl#Parallel_group_study Participants are assigned to one of two or more groups in parallel for the duration of the study https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html http://purl.org/net/OCRe/study_design.owl#Crossover_study Participants receive one of two (or more) alternative interventions during the initial phase of the study and receive the other intervention during the second phase of the study https://prsinfo.clinicaltrials.gov/definitions.html http://purl.org/net/OCRe/study_design.owl#Single_group_study Clinical trials with a single arm oboInOwl:hasAlternativeId has_alternative_id oboInOwl:hasDbXref database_cross_reference oboInOwl:hasExactSynonym A property representing a fully qualified synonym, contains the string, term type, source, and an optional source code if appropriate. Each subfield is deliniated to facilitate interpretation by software. oboInOwl:hasExactSynonym Fully qualified synonym, contains the string, term type, source, and an optional source code if appropriate. Each subfield is deliniated to facilitate interpretation by software. oboInOwl:hasExactSynonym FULL_SYN oboInOwl:hasExactSynonym Synonym with Source Data oboInOwl:hasExactSynonym has exact synonym oboInOwl:hasExactSynonym has_exact_synonym oboInOwl:hasNarrowSynonym has_narrow_synonym oboInOwl:hasOBONamespace has_obo_namespace oboInOwl:hasRelatedSynonym has_related_synonym oboInOwl:inSubset An association that connects the concept defining a particular terminology subset with concepts that belong to this subset. oboInOwl:inSubset Used to associate the concept defining a particular terminology subset with concepts that belong to this subset. oboInOwl:inSubset Concept_In_Subset oboInOwl:inSubset in subset oboInOwl:inSubset in_subset oboInOwl:shorthand shorthand rdfs:label label rdfs:label label rdfs:label label rdfs:subClassOf obo:gaz.owl rdfs:subClassOf obo:opmi.owl obo:CTO_0000021 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Korean Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS). The format for the registry number is “KCT” followed by a 7-digit number, e.g., KCT0004537. obo:CTO_0000021 CRIS identifier obo:CTO_0000021 Korean clinical trial registry identifier obo:CTO_0000021 http://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/en/use_guide/cris_introduce.jsp obo:CTO_0000027 A centrally registered identifier that is assigned for a specific clinical trial registered in the Sri Lanka clinical trials registry (SLCTR ). The format for the registry number is “SLCTR /” followed by a 4-digit number, followed by a slash, followed a 3-digit number, e.g., SLCTR/2020/010 obo:CTO_0000027 SLCTR identifier obo:CTO_0000027 Sri Lanka clinical trials registry identifier obo:CTO_0000027 https://slctr.lk/ obo:CTO_0000029 The jRTC (Japan Registry of Clinical Trials) clinical trial registry is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000029 Japan Registry of Clinical Trials obo:CTO_0000029 jRTC obo:CTO_0000029 jRTC clinical trials register obo:CTO_0000029 https://jrct.niph.go.jp/ obo:CTO_0000029 https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/ obo:CTO_0000042 The international standard randomised controlled trial register is a primary clinical trial registry recognised by WHO and ICMJE that enables the registration of clinical trials. obo:CTO_0000042 ISRCTN obo:CTO_0000042 International standard randomised controlled trial register obo:CTO_0000042 http://www.isrctn.com/ obo:obi.owl obo:omrse.owl xsd:boolean xsd:anyURI xsd:string obo:NCIT_Semantic_Type-enum xsd:string xsd:string xsd:string xsd:string obo:NCIT_Contributing_Source-enum obo:NCIT_textArea xsd:string xsd:string obo:NCIT_textArea xsd:string