* FAO:$sequence(7,0000001,9999999)$
OBO-Edit 2.3.1
23:01:2020 16:30
fungal_anatomy_ontology
1.2
midori
version: $Revision: 1.7 $
definition
namespace-id-rule
has_alternative_id
database_cross_reference
has_exact_synonym
has_obo_format_version
has_obo_namespace
has_related_synonym
shorthand
BFO:0000050
fungal_anatomy_ontology
part_of
part_of
part of
RO:0002160
fungal_anatomy_ontology
only_in_taxon
only_in_taxon
only in taxon
RO:0002202
fungal_anatomy_ontology
develops_from
develops_from
develops from
An anatomical structure that forms all or part of a fungus.
BTO:0001494
fungal_anatomy_ontology
fungal structure ontology
FAO:0000001
fungal structure
An anatomical structure that forms all or part of a fungus.
FAO:mah
A multicellular fungal structure composed of cells from more than one species.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
multispecific structure
FAO:0000002
composite structure
A multicellular fungal structure composed of cells from more than one species.
FAO:curators
FAO:mah
SGD:clt
A spore-producing structure found in a Basidiomycete; formed when the terminal cell of a dikaryotic hyphal branch inflates and undergoes karyogamy and meiosis.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000003
basidium
A spore-producing structure found in a Basidiomycete; formed when the terminal cell of a dikaryotic hyphal branch inflates and undergoes karyogamy and meiosis.
FAO:curators
ISBN:0471940526
An ascus that is associated with an ascocarp.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000004
ascocarp-bound ascus
An ascus that is associated with an ascocarp.
FAO:curators
The placeholder class 'obsolete' has been made obsolete, as this is not tracked with an explicit obsoletion flag in obo format.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000005
obsolete
true
The placeholder class 'obsolete' has been made obsolete, as this is not tracked with an explicit obsoletion flag in obo format.
FAO:curators
The stalk or stem that supports the cap of a mushroom. A stipe is usually composed of hyphae arrayed parallel to the long axis of the structure; in some species a stipe may be a single supporting hypha.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
stem
FAO:0000006
stipe
The stalk or stem that supports the cap of a mushroom. A stipe is usually composed of hyphae arrayed parallel to the long axis of the structure; in some species a stipe may be a single supporting hypha.
FAO:mah
ISBN:0471940526
SGD:clt
Any specialized structure which bears or contains sexually or asexually derived spores.
BTO:0000487
fruiting body
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000007
fruitbody
Any specialized structure which bears or contains sexually or asexually derived spores.
FAO:curators
SGD:clt
A structure within, or at the surface of, which an ascus develops in Ascomycetes.
BTO:0002161
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000008
ascocarp
A structure within, or at the surface of, which an ascus develops in Ascomycetes.
ISBN:0471940526
The structure on which spore-bearing tissue is carried in sexually-derived fruiting bodies.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
cap
FAO:0000009
pileus
The structure on which spore-bearing tissue is carried in sexually-derived fruiting bodies.
ISBN:0471940526
A multicellular anatomical structure that functions in the production of spores, which are directly borne upon or within sporogenous cells that form part of the sporophore.
GO:0075259
fruit body
fruitbody
fruiting body
spore-bearing structure
spore-producing structure
sporocarp
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000010
sporophore
A multicellular anatomical structure that functions in the production of spores, which are directly borne upon or within sporogenous cells that form part of the sporophore.
FAO:curators
fruit body
FAO:doi
fruitbody
FAO:doi
fruiting body
FAO:doi
spore-bearing structure
FAO:doi
spore-producing structure
FAO:doi
sporocarp
FAO:doi
A group or mass of discrete hyphae; the vegetative structure of many fungi.
BTO:0001436
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000011
mycelium
A group or mass of discrete hyphae; the vegetative structure of many fungi.
ISBN:0471940526
A large fruiting body that is composed of masses of intertwined hyphal elements and produces basidia and basidiospores. The basidiocarp is characteristic of the majority of fungi of the subphylum Basidiomycotina, in which it is the site of karyogamy and meiosis. Mushrooms and toadstools are common examples.
FAO:0001024
BTO:0000114
fungal_anatomy_ontology
mushroom
FAO:0000012
basidiocarp
A large fruiting body that is composed of masses of intertwined hyphal elements and produces basidia and basidiospores. The basidiocarp is characteristic of the majority of fungi of the subphylum Basidiomycotina, in which it is the site of karyogamy and meiosis. Mushrooms and toadstools are common examples.
BTO:0000114
ISBN:0471940526
An ascospore that is contained in an ascus associated with an ascocarp.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000013
ascospore in ascocarp-bound ascus
An ascospore that is contained in an ascus associated with an ascocarp.
FAO:curators
FAO:mah
A sac-like structure containing sexual spores formed by Ascomycotina; mature asci may have little or no cytoplasm or cytoplasmic contents, and no nucleus outside of the spores.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000014
ascus
A sac-like structure containing sexual spores formed by Ascomycotina; mature asci may have little or no cytoplasm or cytoplasmic contents, and no nucleus outside of the spores.
SGD:clt
An ascus that is not associated with an ascocarp, and is usually derived from a single cell.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000015
free ascus
An ascus that is not associated with an ascocarp, and is usually derived from a single cell.
FAO:curators
An ascospore that is contained in a free ascus (i.e. not associated with an ascocarp).
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000016
ascospore in free ascus
An ascospore that is contained in a free ascus (i.e. not associated with an ascocarp).
FAO:curators
FAO:mah
A spore formed following meiosis. In some species, prospores formed by meiosis may undergo one or more rounds of mitosis before they are fully mature.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
meiotically-derived spore
FAO:0000017
sexual spore
A spore formed following meiosis. In some species, prospores formed by meiosis may undergo one or more rounds of mitosis before they are fully mature.
SGD:clt
A fungal structure that comprises a single cell. An individual cell is composed of a plasma membrane, contents internal to the plasma membrane, and any external protective or encapsulating structure.
cell
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000018
unicellular structure
A fungal structure that comprises a single cell. An individual cell is composed of a plasma membrane, contents internal to the plasma membrane, and any external protective or encapsulating structure.
FAO:curators
FAO:mah
SGD:clt
A spore produced by a fungus. A spore is a differentiated form of an organism produced during or as a result of an asexual or sexual reproductive process; usually a cell with a thick cell wall that stores and protects one or more nuclei. Spores may be produced in response to, and are characteristically resistant to, adverse environmental conditions.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000019
spore
A spore produced by a fungus. A spore is a differentiated form of an organism produced during or as a result of an asexual or sexual reproductive process; usually a cell with a thick cell wall that stores and protects one or more nuclei. Spores may be produced in response to, and are characteristically resistant to, adverse environmental conditions.
ISBN:0471940526
A thick-walled spore that forms in an ascus. Clusters of four or eight spores are formed in a single ascus following sexual reproduction; found in Ascomycetes.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000020
ascospore
A thick-walled spore that forms in an ascus. Clusters of four or eight spores are formed in a single ascus following sexual reproduction; found in Ascomycetes.
PMID:16339736
SGD:clt
A thick-walled spore formed externally on extrusions of a basidium following sexual reproduction; found in Basidiomycetes.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000021
basidiospore
A thick-walled spore formed externally on extrusions of a basidium following sexual reproduction; found in Basidiomycetes.
ISBN:0471940526
ISBN:9781107079915
SGD:clt
A diploid spore with a thick, pigmented, sculpted cell wall, and extracellular peptidoglycan spikes that is formed during growth in a plant host by some Basidiomycete species, including pathogenic smut (Ustilaginales) and rust (Pucciniales) fungi.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000022
teliospore
A diploid spore with a thick, pigmented, sculpted cell wall, and extracellular peptidoglycan spikes that is formed during growth in a plant host by some Basidiomycete species, including pathogenic smut (Ustilaginales) and rust (Pucciniales) fungi.
FAO:mah
PMID:27888605
PMID:8898211
SGD:clt
A spore formed following one or more rounds of mitosis, without meiosis.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
mitotically-derived spore
FAO:0000023
asexual spore
A spore formed following one or more rounds of mitosis, without meiosis.
PMID:2524423
PMID:9529886
SGD:clt
An asexual, nonmotile spore formed by higher fungi. Conidia are usually made from the side or tip of specialized sporogenous cells and do not form by progressive cleavage of the cytoplasm.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000024
conidium
An asexual, nonmotile spore formed by higher fungi. Conidia are usually made from the side or tip of specialized sporogenous cells and do not form by progressive cleavage of the cytoplasm.
PMID:2524423
PMID:9529886
SGD:clt
A conidium that has only one nucleus.
uninucleate conidium
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000025
mononucleate conidium
A conidium that has only one nucleus.
SGD:clt
uninucleate conidium
FAO:mah
SGD:clt
A thin-walled spore that is formed in a uredinium and is the primary dispersal mode for rust-causing Basidiomycete fungi.
urediospore
uredospore
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000026
urediniospore
A thin-walled spore that is formed in a uredinium and is the primary dispersal mode for rust-causing Basidiomycete fungi.
FAO:mah
PMID:21642346
PMID:26731728
PMID:30206343
SGD:clt
urediospore
FAO:mah
uredospore
FAO:mah
A mononucleate spore formed on specialized cells or projections (sterigma) of a conidiophore head.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000027
conidium of conidiophore head
A mononucleate spore formed on specialized cells or projections (sterigma) of a conidiophore head.
PMID:9529886
SGD:clt
The smaller of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi. An ovoid to pear-shaped asexual spore that contains very little cytoplasm and organelles, is mononucleate, and forms in vegetative hypae within a mycelium. Micronidia are extruded from the hyphal cell wall.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000028
microconidium
The smaller of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi. An ovoid to pear-shaped asexual spore that contains very little cytoplasm and organelles, is mononucleate, and forms in vegetative hypae within a mycelium. Micronidia are extruded from the hyphal cell wall.
ISBN:0471940526
PMID:8357339
SGD:clt
A macroconidium that has only one nucleus.
uninucleate macroconidium
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000029
mononucleate macroconidium
A macroconidium that has only one nucleus.
SGD:clt
uninucleate macroconidium
FAO:mah
SGD:clt
A blastoconidium that has only one nucleus.
uninucleate blastoconidium
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000030
mononucleate blastoconidium
A blastoconidium that has only one nucleus.
SGD:clt
uninucleate blastoconidium
FAO:mah
SGD:clt
An arthroconidium that has only one nucleus.
uninucleate arthroconidium
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000031
mononucleate arthroconidium
An arthroconidium that has only one nucleus.
SGD:clt
uninucleate arthroconidium
FAO:mah
SGD:clt
A single cell that is in the vegetative growth stage of an organism's life cycle, in which metabolism and growth predominate, and is not undergoing sexual processes.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
yeast-form
FAO:0000032
vegetative cell
A single cell that is in the vegetative growth stage of an organism's life cycle, in which metabolism and growth predominate, and is not undergoing sexual processes.
FAO:mah
ISBN:0471940526
SGD:clt
A conidium that has more than one nucleus.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000033
multinucleate conidium
A conidium that has more than one nucleus.
SGD:clt
A composite structure that forms the vegetative portion of a lichen; minimally composed of at least one fungal species (the mycobiont) and an alga or cyanobacterium (the photobiont).
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000034
lichen thallus
A composite structure that forms the vegetative portion of a lichen; minimally composed of at least one fungal species (the mycobiont) and an alga or cyanobacterium (the photobiont).
ISBN:0471940526
SGD:clt
https://www.britishlichensociety.org.uk/about-lichens/what-is-a-lichen
https://www.livescience.com/55008-lichens.html
A macroconidium that has more than one nucleus.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000035
multinucleate macroconidium
A macroconidium that has more than one nucleus.
SGD:clt
A blastoconidium that has more than one nucleus.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000036
multinucleate blastoconidium
A blastoconidium that has more than one nucleus.
SGD:clt
An arthroconidium that has more than one nucleus.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000037
multinucleate arthroconidium
An arthroconidium that has more than one nucleus.
SGD:clt
The larger of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi; usually round or oblong.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000038
macroconidium
The larger of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi; usually round or oblong.
ISBN:0471940526
SGD:clt
An asexual spore formed by Oomycetes; formed upon fertilization of an oosphere.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000039
oospore
An asexual spore formed by Oomycetes; formed upon fertilization of an oosphere.
ISBN:0851988857
SGD:clt
A thick-walled, sexual, resting spore that forms in a zygosporangium; typical of Zygomycetes.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000040
Note that "zygospore" is sometimes used to refer to both the spore and the multi-layered cell wall that encloses the spore, the zygosporangium.
zygospore
A thick-walled, sexual, resting spore that forms in a zygosporangium; typical of Zygomycetes.
ISBN:0471940526
ISBN:9781107079915
SGD:clt
A cylindrical spore formed by development and compartmentation of hyphae; the hyphae are often supporting blastoconidiophores.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
arthrospore
FAO:0000041
arthroconidium
A cylindrical spore formed by development and compartmentation of hyphae; the hyphae are often supporting blastoconidiophores.
PMID:2524423
SGD:clt
An oblong or round asexual reproductive spore formed specifically by budding.
GO:0034299
fungal_anatomy_ontology
blastospore
reproductive blastospore
FAO:0000042
blastoconidium
An oblong or round asexual reproductive spore formed specifically by budding.
CGD:doi
PMID:2524423
SGD:clt
A specialized hypha, often aerial, that gives rise to asexual spores known as conidia.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000043
conidiophore
A specialized hypha, often aerial, that gives rise to asexual spores known as conidia.
AspGD:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
PMID:9529886
A small hyphal branch or structure which supports a sporangium, a conidium, or a basidiospore. In species with biseriate (two-layered) sterigmata such as A. nidulans, the first layer comprises primary sterigmata (metulae) and the second layer secondary sterigmata (phialides). Some species, e.g. A. fumigatus, A. oryzae, and others, have only phialides.
sterigmata (plural)
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000044
sterigma
A small hyphal branch or structure which supports a sporangium, a conidium, or a basidiospore. In species with biseriate (two-layered) sterigmata such as A. nidulans, the first layer comprises primary sterigmata (metulae) and the second layer secondary sterigmata (phialides). Some species, e.g. A. fumigatus, A. oryzae, and others, have only phialides.
AspGD:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A specialized cell that buds from a metula on a developing conidiophore. Multiple phialides may bud from each metula. The phialides in turn divide asymmetrically to give rise to chains of conidia.
secondary sterigma
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000045
phialide
A specialized cell that buds from a metula on a developing conidiophore. Multiple phialides may bud from each metula. The phialides in turn divide asymmetrically to give rise to chains of conidia.
AspGD:mcc
PMID:9529886
A specialized cell borne on a conidiophore that gives rise to phialides during the process of conidiation.
metulae (plural)
primary sterigma
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000046
metula
A specialized cell borne on a conidiophore that gives rise to phialides during the process of conidiation.
AspGD:mcc
PMID:9529886
A completely closed fruiting body formed by some fungi of the Ascomycota, containing asci.
BTO:0002159
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000047
cleistothecium
A completely closed fruiting body formed by some fungi of the Ascomycota, containing asci.
AspGD:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A specialized multinucleate cell that originates from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development. Hulle cells serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000048
Note that "Hulle" is properly written with an umlaut on the "u".
Hulle cell
A specialized multinucleate cell that originates from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development. Hulle cells serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium.
AspGD:mcc
PMID:19210625
The swollen region at the apex of a conidiophore, bearing multiple metulae.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000049
conidiophore vesicle
The swollen region at the apex of a conidiophore, bearing multiple metulae.
AspGD:mcc
PMID:9529886
The elongated part of the conidiophore that extends, often aerially, from the growth substrate and supports the structures that bear conidia.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000050
conidiophore stalk
The elongated part of the conidiophore that extends, often aerially, from the growth substrate and supports the structures that bear conidia.
AspGD:mcc
PMID:9529886
An asexual spore that is produced on very simple hyphae that protrude a short distance into the substrate. Oidia are borne a few at a time, and are usually presumed not to constitute the main reproductive strategy of the fungus.
Maria
2011-06-10T12:03:49Z
GO:0034297
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000051
oidium
An asexual spore that is produced on very simple hyphae that protrude a short distance into the substrate. Oidia are borne a few at a time, and are usually presumed not to constitute the main reproductive strategy of the fungus.
http://www.mushroomthejournal.com/greatlakesdata/Terms/oidiu163.html
A structure within which spores develop.
Maria
2011-06-10T12:06:16Z
GO:0043582
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000052
sporangium
A structure within which spores develop.
FAO:curators
A thick-walled structure that arises from a zygote formed by the fusion or conjugation of two hyphal branches, produces spores, and is characteristic of the Zygomycetes.
Maria
2011-06-10T12:14:19Z
GO:0075271
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000053
zygosporangium
A thick-walled structure that arises from a zygote formed by the fusion or conjugation of two hyphal branches, produces spores, and is characteristic of the Zygomycetes.
FAO:curators
ISBN:9781107079915
A dikaryotic spore, typically of a rust fungus, that is produced in an aecium; in heteroecious rusts, the aeciospore is a spore stage that infects the alternate host.
Maria
2011-06-10T12:18:12Z
GO:0075247
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000054
aeciospore
A dikaryotic spore, typically of a rust fungus, that is produced in an aecium; in heteroecious rusts, the aeciospore is a spore stage that infects the alternate host.
FAO:curators
A nonmotile, asexual spore, usually a sporangiospore, common in the Phycomycetes.
Maria
2011-06-10T12:21:58Z
GO:0075289
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000055
aplanospore
A nonmotile, asexual spore, usually a sporangiospore, common in the Phycomycetes.
FAO:curators
answers.com:aplanospore
A cuplike structure of some rust fungi that contains chains of aeciospores.
Maria
2011-06-10T02:45:15Z
GO:0075267
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000056
aecium
A cuplike structure of some rust fungi that contains chains of aeciospores.
FAO:curators
A teliospore-bearing sorus of the rust fungi. A sorus is a cluster of sporangia; the telium is a pustule-like sorus that forms on the tissue of a plant infected by a rust fungus and produces teliospores.
Maria
2011-06-10T02:47:39Z
GO:0075275
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000057
telium
A teliospore-bearing sorus of the rust fungi. A sorus is a cluster of sporangia; the telium is a pustule-like sorus that forms on the tissue of a plant infected by a rust fungus and produces teliospores.
FAO:curators
A reddish, pustule-like structure formed by a rust fungus, in which urediniospores are produced.
Maria
2011-06-10T02:49:08Z
GO:0075279
uredium
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000058
uredinium
A reddish, pustule-like structure formed by a rust fungus, in which urediniospores are produced.
FAO:curators
uredium
FAO:mah
A tubular structure that connects two individuals during conjugation, through which the transfer of genetic material can occur. The conjugation tube usually forms in response to pheromone.
mariacostanzo
2013-04-02T03:23:27Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000059
conjugation tube
A tubular structure that connects two individuals during conjugation, through which the transfer of genetic material can occur. The conjugation tube usually forms in response to pheromone.
CGD:doi
http://science.yourdictionary.com/conjugation-tube
A hyphal cell that forms a clamp connection, a structure that separates differing nuclei, which have been obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types, into distinct hyphal segments that are separated by septa (cross walls).
mariacostanzo
2013-04-02T03:28:00Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000060
clamp cell
A hyphal cell that forms a clamp connection, a structure that separates differing nuclei, which have been obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types, into distinct hyphal segments that are separated by septa (cross walls).
CGD:doi
A structure produced in a dikaryotic hypha upon migration of the nuclei after mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. The clamp fuses to compartmentalize a nucleus within the subapical cell. Note: A hyphal cell that forms a clamp connection is called a "clamp cell".
mariacostanzo
2013-04-02T03:29:16Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000061
fused clamp
A structure produced in a dikaryotic hypha upon migration of the nuclei after mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. The clamp fuses to compartmentalize a nucleus within the subapical cell. Note: A hyphal cell that forms a clamp connection is called a "clamp cell".
CGD:doi
A structure that separates the nuclei within monokaryotic hyphae into distinct hyphal segments. Monokaryotic hyphae are produced during unisexual reproduction or hyphal development of a diploid, in contrast to dikaryotic hyphae which are produced by mating of hyphae of differing sexual types.
mariacostanzo
2013-04-02T03:31:28Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000062
unfused clamp
A structure that separates the nuclei within monokaryotic hyphae into distinct hyphal segments. Monokaryotic hyphae are produced during unisexual reproduction or hyphal development of a diploid, in contrast to dikaryotic hyphae which are produced by mating of hyphae of differing sexual types.
CGD:doi
A large, highly polyploid cell that has altered capsule structure, a thickened cell wall, and increased resistance to nitrosative and oxidative stresses relative to yeast-form cells of the same species. Identified in Cryptococcus neoformans, in which the morphological transition to Tina cell form enables the fungus to evade the immune system of a mammalian host.
mariacostanzo
2013-04-03T11:15:35Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000063
titan cell
A large, highly polyploid cell that has altered capsule structure, a thickened cell wall, and increased resistance to nitrosative and oxidative stresses relative to yeast-form cells of the same species. Identified in Cryptococcus neoformans, in which the morphological transition to Tina cell form enables the fungus to evade the immune system of a mammalian host.
CGD:doi
PMID:21821718
PMID:29775474
A forcibly discharged asexual spore. With fungi, most types of basidiospores formed on basidia are discharged into the air from the tips of sterigmata.
mariacostanzo
2013-04-03T11:18:18Z
ballistoconidium
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000064
ballistospore
A forcibly discharged asexual spore. With fungi, most types of basidiospores formed on basidia are discharged into the air from the tips of sterigmata.
CGD:doi
A binucleate cell observed in some fungi that forms when two compatible nuclei, each originating from one of the cells, pair off after plasmogamy and cohabit without karyogamy within a hyphal compartment. The nuclei divide synchronously and are passed in pairs to newer cells or hyphal tips, which are also binucleate.
mariacostanzo
2013-04-03T11:20:00Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000065
dikaryon
A binucleate cell observed in some fungi that forms when two compatible nuclei, each originating from one of the cells, pair off after plasmogamy and cohabit without karyogamy within a hyphal compartment. The nuclei divide synchronously and are passed in pairs to newer cells or hyphal tips, which are also binucleate.
CGD:doi
FAO:mah
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dikaryon
The appendage or portion of a commensal or parasitic fungus (the hyphal tip) that penetrates the host's tissue and draws nutrients from it. Haustoria may arise from intercellular hyphae, appressoria, or external hyphae.
mariacostanzo
2013-04-03T11:21:38Z
BTO:0000515
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000066
haustorium
The appendage or portion of a commensal or parasitic fungus (the hyphal tip) that penetrates the host's tissue and draws nutrients from it. Haustoria may arise from intercellular hyphae, appressoria, or external hyphae.
CGD:doi
A large, thick-walled resting spore with condensed cytoplasm, formed within hyphae or at hyphal tips in several kinds of fungi.
mariacostanzo
2013-04-03T11:41:14Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0000067
chlamydospore
A large, thick-walled resting spore with condensed cytoplasm, formed within hyphae or at hyphal tips in several kinds of fungi.
CGD:doi
FAO:mah
PMID:16215181
A long, branching filamentous structure formed by a vegetatively growing fungus.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001001
hypha
A long, branching filamentous structure formed by a vegetatively growing fungus.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A chain of cells, formed under specific growth conditions, in which yeast-form fungal cells become elongated, bud only at the cellular pole distal to the mother cell, and fail to separate after division. Pseudohyphae exhibit constrictions at the cell-cell junctions, in contrast to true hyphae which are of more uniform diameter.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001002
pseudohypha
A chain of cells, formed under specific growth conditions, in which yeast-form fungal cells become elongated, bud only at the cellular pole distal to the mother cell, and fail to separate after division. Pseudohyphae exhibit constrictions at the cell-cell junctions, in contrast to true hyphae which are of more uniform diameter.
FAO:mcc
A hypha that forms part of a mycelium.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001003
hypha in mycelium
A hypha that forms part of a mycelium.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls, and that exists as part of a mycelium.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001004
septate hypha in mycelium
A hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls, and that exists as part of a mycelium.
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A thick strand of hyphae oriented in parallel to each other, with a central channel through which nutrients are conducted.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001005
rhizomorph
A thick strand of hyphae oriented in parallel to each other, with a central channel through which nutrients are conducted.
FAO:clt
ISBN:0632030771
A thick strand of hyphae oriented in parallel to each other, with specialized channels through which nutrients are conducted.
BTO:0000660
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001006
mycelial cord
A thick strand of hyphae oriented in parallel to each other, with specialized channels through which nutrients are conducted.
FAO:clt
ISBN:0632030771
A compact hyphal mass, on or in which fruiting bodies are formed.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001007
stroma
A compact hyphal mass, on or in which fruiting bodies are formed.
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A mycelial resting body, resistant to adverse environmental conditions.
BTO:0001810
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001008
sclerotium
A mycelial resting body, resistant to adverse environmental conditions.
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001009
septate hypha
A hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls.
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A hypha whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls. Septa may be present in older portions of the hypha, or at the base of reproductive structures.
FAO:mcc
fungal_anatomy_ontology
coenocytic hypha
FAO:0001010
aseptate hypha
A hypha whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls. Septa may be present in older portions of the hypha, or at the base of reproductive structures.
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
The growing end of a hypha.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001011
hyphal tip
The growing end of a hypha.
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
The growing end of a hypha that is part of a mycelium.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001012
hyphal tip, hypha in mycelium
The growing end of a hypha that is part of a mycelium.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A hypha that is divided by dolipore septa and is part of a mycelium. A dolipore septum is a cross-wall that contains a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001013
hypha with dolipore septa, in mycelium
A hypha that is divided by dolipore septa and is part of a mycelium. A dolipore septum is a cross-wall that contains a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A hypha that is part of a mycelium, and whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa.
FAO:mcc
fungal_anatomy_ontology
coenocytic hypha in mycelium
FAO:0001014
aseptate hypha in mycelium
A hypha that is part of a mycelium, and whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
The growing end of an aseptate hypha that is part of a mycelium.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001015
hyphal tip, septate hypha in mycelium
The growing end of an aseptate hypha that is part of a mycelium.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
The growing end of an aseptate hypha that is part of a mycelium.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001016
hyphal tip, septate hypha
The growing end of an aseptate hypha that is part of a mycelium.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by dolipore septa and is part of a mycelium.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001017
hyphal tip, hypha with dolipore septa in mycelium
The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by dolipore septa and is part of a mycelium.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A hypha that is divided by dolipore septa. A dolipore septum is a cross-wall that contains a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001018
hypha with dolipore septa
A hypha that is divided by dolipore septa. A dolipore septum is a cross-wall that contains a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
The growing end of a hypha that is divided by dolipore septa. A dolipore septum is a cross-wall that contains a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001019
hyphal tip, hypha with dolipore septa
The growing end of a hypha that is divided by dolipore septa. A dolipore septum is a cross-wall that contains a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
The growing end of a hypha that is part of a mycelium, and whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001020
hyphal tip, aseptate hypha in mycelium
The growing end of a hypha that is part of a mycelium, and whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa.
FAO:mah
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
The growing end of a hypha that is not divided internally by septa, or cross-walls.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001021
hyphal tip, aseptate hypha
The growing end of a hypha that is not divided internally by septa, or cross-walls.
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0471522295
A cell engaged in or about to engage in the process of mating; exhibits different morphology from a vegetative cell due to the action of mating pheromones.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001022
mating cell
A cell engaged in or about to engage in the process of mating; exhibits different morphology from a vegetative cell due to the action of mating pheromones.
FAO:mcc
An elongated, asymmetric cell formed before mating, in response to mating pheromone, by Saccharomyces species and other fungi with similar life cycles. Named after the Al Capp cartoon character, whose shape it resembles.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001023
shmoo
An elongated, asymmetric cell formed before mating, in response to mating pheromone, by Saccharomyces species and other fungi with similar life cycles. Named after the Al Capp cartoon character, whose shape it resembles.
FAO:mcc
ISBN:0879693568
true
A mass of hyphae, usually in wood or bark; visible with the naked eye.
BTO:0000890
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001025
mycelial felt
BTO:0000890
A mass of hyphae, usually in wood or bark; visible with the naked eye.
BTO:0000890
OBSOLETE. The fungal component of the lichen partnership, absorbing nutrients and providing structural support for the plant.
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001026
This term was made obsolete because it represents a class of organism, not a fungal structure.
obsolete mycobiont
true
OBSOLETE. The fungal component of the lichen partnership, absorbing nutrients and providing structural support for the plant.
BTO:0000892
A composite structure formed by the symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus with the roots of a seed plant.
BTO:0000893
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001027
mycorrhiza
A composite structure formed by the symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus with the roots of a seed plant.
BTO:0000893
A fruiting body formed by some cellular slime moulds; has a stalk and a spore mass.
BTO:0001098
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001028
sorocarp
BTO:0001098
A fruiting body formed by some cellular slime moulds; has a stalk and a spore mass.
BTO:0001098
A multinucleate plasmodium-like body formed by aggregation of myxamoebae without fusion of their protoplasm.
BTO:0001139
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001029
pseudoplasmodium
BTO:0001139
A multinucleate plasmodium-like body formed by aggregation of myxamoebae without fusion of their protoplasm.
BTO:0001139
An invasive mycelium that forms within a solid or semi-solid substrate such as wood, soil or agar.
BTO:0001562
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001030
substrate mycelium
An invasive mycelium that forms within a solid or semi-solid substrate such as wood, soil or agar.
FAO:doi
A mycelium that forms prior to sporulation and extends aerially, or perpendicular, to its substrate.
BTO:0001562
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001031
aerial mycelium
BTO:0001562
A mycelium that forms prior to sporulation and extends aerially, or perpendicular, to its substrate.
FAO:doi
An open or expanded fruiting body that has asci contained on its exposed surface; found in lichens and actinomycetous fungi.
BTO:0002160
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001034
apothecium
BTO:0002160
An open or expanded fruiting body that has asci contained on its exposed surface; found in lichens and actinomycetous fungi.
BTO:0002160
An ascocarp that is composed of a loose network of mycelia through which ascospores filter and are released at maturity; its reproductive organs are in the form of naked asci. Found in fungi of the family Gymnoascaceae.
BTO:0002163
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001035
gymnothecium
BTO:0002163
An ascocarp that is composed of a loose network of mycelia through which ascospores filter and are released at maturity; its reproductive organs are in the form of naked asci. Found in fungi of the family Gymnoascaceae.
BTO:0002163
A flask-shaped fruiting body that forms a pore for the escape of spores; found in some molds and ascomycetous fungi.
BTO:0002164
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001036
perithecium
BTO:0002164
A flask-shaped fruiting body that forms a pore for the escape of spores; found in some molds and ascomycetous fungi.
BTO:0002164
An outgrowth produced by germinating spores in certain species of spore-releasing fungi. The germ tube differentiates, grows, and undergoes mitosis to create somatic hyphae.
BTO:0004822
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001051
germ tube
BTO:0004822
An outgrowth produced by germinating spores in certain species of spore-releasing fungi. The germ tube differentiates, grows, and undergoes mitosis to create somatic hyphae.
BTO:0004822
The nodule from which a mushroom develops. The primordium, less than two millimeters in diameter, resembles a pinhead, and is typically found on or near the surface of the substrate. It is formed within the mycelium, the mass of threadlike hyphae that make up the fungus. The primordium enlarges into a roundish structure of interwoven hyphae roughly resembling an egg, called a button.
BTO:0005533
fungal_anatomy_ontology
primordium
FAO:0001052
fungal primordium
BTO:0005533
The nodule from which a mushroom develops. The primordium, less than two millimeters in diameter, resembles a pinhead, and is typically found on or near the surface of the substrate. It is formed within the mycelium, the mass of threadlike hyphae that make up the fungus. The primordium enlarges into a roundish structure of interwoven hyphae roughly resembling an egg, called a button.
BTO:0005533
primordium
BTO:0005533
A very small sclerotium.
BTO:0006116
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0001053
microsclerotium
BTO:0006116
A very small sclerotium.
BTO:0006116
A spherical fungal structure that is formed in the sexual phase of ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora. A protoperithecium is formed by the enveloping of ascogonia cells by sterile hyphae, and develops into a perithecium.
midori
2018-09-21T10:54:17Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002001
protoperithecium
A spherical fungal structure that is formed in the sexual phase of ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora. A protoperithecium is formed by the enveloping of ascogonia cells by sterile hyphae, and develops into a perithecium.
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00286-1_2
PMID:125266
PMID:20739093
PMID:25311923
PMID:4410944
PMID:6235211
PMID:6235212
A fungal structure that comprises more than one cell.
midori
2019-05-03T13:33:22Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002002
multicellular fungal structure
A fungal structure that comprises more than one cell.
FAO:mah
A multicellular fungal structure composed of two or more cells of a single unicellular organism.
midori
2019-05-03T14:07:29Z
multicellular structure, unicellular organism
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002003
multicellular fungal structure, unicellular organism
A multicellular fungal structure composed of two or more cells of a single unicellular organism.
FAO:doi
multicellular structure, unicellular organism
FAO:doi
A multicellular fungal structure composed of two or more cells of a single multicellular organism.
midori
2019-05-03T14:10:13Z
multicellular structure, multicellular organism
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002004
multicellular fungal structure, multicellular organism
A multicellular fungal structure composed of two or more cells of a single multicellular organism.
FAO:doi
multicellular structure, multicellular organism
FAO:doi
A modified hypha that forms a specialized structure used by a fungus to penetrate a target. The appressorium first presses against the substrate, usually with a flattened morphology, and then forms a penetration peg that enters the substrate via turgor pressure. Parasitic and mutualistic fungi use appressoria to enter host cells, and some saprotrophs can form appressoria to penetrate non-living substrates.
midori
2020-01-10T14:43:59Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002005
appressorium
A modified hypha that forms a specialized structure used by a fungus to penetrate a target. The appressorium first presses against the substrate, usually with a flattened morphology, and then forms a penetration peg that enters the substrate via turgor pressure. Parasitic and mutualistic fungi use appressoria to enter host cells, and some saprotrophs can form appressoria to penetrate non-living substrates.
FAO:mah
PMID:15012214
PMID:15012548
PMID:22496661
PMID:26043436
PMID:31382649
A spore-producing structure that is formed following same-sex (self) mating. These structures are produced by Cryptococcus species in a manner similar to sexual mating except that the resulting spores are isogenic with the parental strain.
midori
2020-01-23T14:04:34Z
haploid fruit body
haploid fruitbody
haploid fruiting body
monokaryotic fruit body
monokaryotic fruiting body
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002006
monokaryotic fruitbody
A spore-producing structure that is formed following same-sex (self) mating. These structures are produced by Cryptococcus species in a manner similar to sexual mating except that the resulting spores are isogenic with the parental strain.
FAO:doi
haploid fruit body
FAO:doi
haploid fruitbody
FAO:doi
haploid fruiting body
FAO:doi
monokaryotic fruit body
FAO:doi
monokaryotic fruiting body
FAO:doi
A specialized cell with an enlarged cell wall that develops from a hyphal cell in a septate mycelium and swells at the aerial terminus to form a conidiophore vesicle. The aerial portion of the foot cell forms the conidiophore stalk.
midori
2020-01-23T15:25:29Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002007
conidiophore foot cell
A specialized cell with an enlarged cell wall that develops from a hyphal cell in a septate mycelium and swells at the aerial terminus to form a conidiophore vesicle. The aerial portion of the foot cell forms the conidiophore stalk.
FAO:doi
A short, thin, unbranched tubular structure that emerges from a conidium and grows towards, and then fuses with, a similar tube growing from another conidium or conidial germling.
midori
2020-01-23T15:57:41Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002008
conidial anastomosis tube
A short, thin, unbranched tubular structure that emerges from a conidium and grows towards, and then fuses with, a similar tube growing from another conidium or conidial germling.
FAO:doi
FAO:mah
PMID:16040203
A large, round, thick-walled structure that contains endospores such as those produced by Coccidioides species within a host.
midori
2020-01-23T16:18:39Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002009
spherule
A large, round, thick-walled structure that contains endospores such as those produced by Coccidioides species within a host.
FAO:doi
A fungal structure that develops during mating and contributes to sexual reproduction.
midori
2020-01-23T16:26:39Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002010
sexual structure
A fungal structure that develops during mating and contributes to sexual reproduction.
FAO:doi
FAO:mah
A hypha that emerges from a yeast-form cell upon stimulation by the pheromone of a compatible mating partner. An example is observed in Cryptococcus species.
midori
2020-01-23T16:29:54Z
fungal_anatomy_ontology
FAO:0002011
mating filament
A hypha that emerges from a yeast-form cell upon stimulation by the pheromone of a compatible mating partner. An example is observed in Cryptococcus species.
FAO:doi