* FAO:$sequence(7,0000001,9999999)$ OBO-Edit 2.3.1 09:10:2018 13:08 fungal_anatomy_ontology 1.2 midori version: $Revision: 1.7 $ definition namespace-id-rule has_alternative_id database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_obo_format_version has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym shorthand BFO:0000050 fungal_anatomy_ontology part_of part_of part of RO:0002160 fungal_anatomy_ontology only_in_taxon only_in_taxon only in taxon RO:0002202 fungal_anatomy_ontology develops_from develops_from develops from BTO:0001494 fungal_anatomy_ontology fungal structure ontology FAO:0000001 fungal structure A multicellular formation composed of cells from more than one species. fungal_anatomy_ontology multispecific structure FAO:0000002 composite structure A multicellular formation composed of cells from more than one species. FAO:curators SGD:clt A structure directly from which spores are formed following sexual reproduction in a Basidiomycete. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000003 basidium A structure directly from which spores are formed following sexual reproduction in a Basidiomycete. FAO:curators ISBN:0471940526 An ascus that is associated with an ascocarp. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000004 ascocarp-bound ascus An ascus that is associated with an ascocarp. FAO:curators The placeholder class 'obsolete' has been made obsolete, as this is not tracked with an explicit obsoletion flag in obo format. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000005 obsolete true The placeholder class 'obsolete' has been made obsolete, as this is not tracked with an explicit obsoletion flag in obo format. FAO:curators A stalk or stem; composed of hyphae arrayed parallel to the long axis of the structure; a stipe may be a single supporting hypha. fungal_anatomy_ontology stem FAO:0000006 stipe A stalk or stem; composed of hyphae arrayed parallel to the long axis of the structure; a stipe may be a single supporting hypha. ISBN:0471940526 SGD:clt Any specialized structure which bears or contains sexually or asexually derived spores. BTO:0000487 fungal_anatomy_ontology fruiting body FAO:0000007 fruitbody Any specialized structure which bears or contains sexually or asexually derived spores. FAO:curators SGD:clt A structure within which or at the surface of, an ascus develops in Ascomycetes. BTO:0002161 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000008 ascocarp A structure within which or at the surface of, an ascus develops in Ascomycetes. ISBN:0471940526 The structure on which the spore-bearing tissue is carried in sexually-derived fruiting bodies. fungal_anatomy_ontology cap FAO:0000009 pileus The structure on which the spore-bearing tissue is carried in sexually-derived fruiting bodies. ISBN:0471940526 A structure directly within which spores are contained or from which spores are formed. GO:0075259 fungal_anatomy_ontology spore-bearing organ FAO:0000010 sporophore A structure directly within which spores are contained or from which spores are formed. FAO:curators A group or mass of discrete hyphae; the vegetative structure of many fungi. BTO:0001436 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000011 mycelium A group or mass of discrete hyphae; the vegetative structure of many fungi. ISBN:0471940526 A large fruiting body that is composed of masses of intertwined hyphal elements and produces basidia and basidiospores. The basidiocarp is characteristic of the majority of fungi of the subphylum Basidiomycotina, in which it is the site of karyogamy and meiosis. Mushrooms and toadstools are common examples. FAO:0001024 BTO:0000114 fungal_anatomy_ontology mushroom FAO:0000012 basidiocarp A large fruiting body that is composed of masses of intertwined hyphal elements and produces basidia and basidiospores. The basidiocarp is characteristic of the majority of fungi of the subphylum Basidiomycotina, in which it is the site of karyogamy and meiosis. Mushrooms and toadstools are common examples. BTO:0000114 ISBN:0471940526 A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Ascomycete that is contained in an ascus associated with an ascocarp. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000013 ascospore in ascocarp-bound ascus A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Ascomycete that is contained in an ascus associated with an ascocarp. FAO:curators A sac-like structure containing sexual spores formed by Ascomycotina; mature asci may have little or no cytoplasm or cytoplasmic contents, and no nucleus outside of the spores. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000014 ascus A sac-like structure containing sexual spores formed by Ascomycotina; mature asci may have little or no cytoplasm or cytoplasmic contents, and no nucleus outside of the spores. SGD:clt An ascus that is not associated with an ascocarp and is usually derived from a single cell. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000015 free ascus An ascus that is not associated with an ascocarp and is usually derived from a single cell. FAO:curators A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Ascomycete that is contained in an ascus not associated with an ascocarp. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000016 ascospore in free ascus A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Ascomycete that is contained in an ascus not associated with an ascocarp. FAO:curators A spore formed following meiosis. Sometimes following meiosis, prospores may undergo one or more rounds of mitosis before they are fully mature. fungal_anatomy_ontology meiotically-derived spore FAO:0000017 sexual spore A spore formed following meiosis. Sometimes following meiosis, prospores may undergo one or more rounds of mitosis before they are fully mature. SGD:clt An individual cell composed of a plasma membrane, contents internal to the plasma membrane, and any external protective or encapsulating structure. cell fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000018 unicellular structure An individual cell composed of a plasma membrane, contents internal to the plasma membrane, and any external protective or encapsulating structure. FAO:curators SGD:clt A differentiated form of an organism produced during or as a result of an asexual or sexual reproductive process; usually a cell with a thick cell wall that stores and protects one or more nuclei. Spores may be produced in response to, and are characteristically resistant to, adverse environmental conditions. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000019 spore A differentiated form of an organism produced during or as a result of an asexual or sexual reproductive process; usually a cell with a thick cell wall that stores and protects one or more nuclei. Spores may be produced in response to, and are characteristically resistant to, adverse environmental conditions. ISBN:0471940526 A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Ascomycete. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000020 ascospore A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Ascomycete. SGD:clt A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Basidiomycete; formed externally on extrusions of the basidium. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000021 basidiospore A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Basidiomycete; formed externally on extrusions of the basidium. ISBN:0471940526 SGD:clt A spore with a very thick cell wall and extracellular peptidoglycan spikes that stores and protects one or more nuclei during dormancy in a Basidiomycete. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000022 teliospore A spore with a very thick cell wall and extracellular peptidoglycan spikes that stores and protects one or more nuclei during dormancy in a Basidiomycete. SGD:clt A spore formed following mitosis or mitoses. fungal_anatomy_ontology mitotically-derived spore FAO:0000023 asexual spore A spore formed following mitosis or mitoses. PMID:2524423 PMID:9529886 SGD:clt An asexual, nonmotile spore formed by higher fungi; conidia are usually made from the side or tip of specialized sporogenous cells and do not form by progressive cleavage of the cytoplasm. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000024 conidium An asexual, nonmotile spore formed by higher fungi; conidia are usually made from the side or tip of specialized sporogenous cells and do not form by progressive cleavage of the cytoplasm. PMID:2524423 PMID:9529886 SGD:clt A conidium that has only one nucleus. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000025 uninucleate conidium A conidium that has only one nucleus. SGD:clt A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei during dispersal following reproduction in an Basidiomycete. fungal_anatomy_ontology urediniospore urediospore FAO:0000026 uredospore A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei during dispersal following reproduction in an Basidiomycete. SGD:clt A uninucleate spore formed on specialized cells or projections, sterigma, of a conidiophore head. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000027 conidium of conidiophore head A uninucleate spore formed on specialized cells or projections, sterigma, of a conidiophore head. PMID:9529886 SGD:clt The smaller of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi. An ovoid to pear-shaped asexual spore that contains very little cytoplasm and organelles, is uninucleate, and forms in vegetative hypae within a mycelium. Micronidia are extruded from the hyphal cell wall. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000028 microconidium The smaller of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi. An ovoid to pear-shaped asexual spore that contains very little cytoplasm and organelles, is uninucleate, and forms in vegetative hypae within a mycelium. Micronidia are extruded from the hyphal cell wall. ISBN:0471940526 PMID:8357339 SGD:clt A macroconidium that has only one nucleus. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000029 uninucleate macroconidium A macroconidium that has only one nucleus. SGD:clt A blastoconidium that has only one nucleus. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000030 uninucleate blastoconidium A blastoconidium that has only one nucleus. SGD:clt An arthroconidium that has only one nucleus. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000031 uninucleate arthroconidium An arthroconidium that has only one nucleus. SGD:clt A single cell where nutrition and growth predominate, as opposed to cells that are undergoing sexual processes. fungal_anatomy_ontology yeast-form FAO:0000032 vegetative cell A single cell where nutrition and growth predominate, as opposed to cells that are undergoing sexual processes. ISBN:0471940526 SGD:clt A conidium that has more than one nucleus. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000033 multinucleate conidium A conidium that has more than one nucleus. SGD:clt A multicellular structure composed of multiple species; minimally composed of an alga or cyanobacterium and a fungus. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000034 lichen thallus A multicellular structure composed of multiple species; minimally composed of an alga or cyanobacterium and a fungus. ISBN:0471940526 SGD:clt A macroconidium that has more than one nucleus. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000035 multinucleate macroconidium A macroconidium that has more than one nucleus. SGD:clt A blastoconidium that has more than one nucleus. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000036 multinucleate blastoconidium A blastoconidium that has more than one nucleus. SGD:clt An arthroconidium that has more than one nucleus. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000037 multinucleate arthroconidium An arthroconidium that has more than one nucleus. SGD:clt The larger of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi; usually round or oblong. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000038 macroconidium The larger of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi; usually round or oblong. ISBN:0471940526 SGD:clt An asexual spore formed by Oomycetes; formed upon fertilization of an oosphere. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000039 oospore An asexual spore formed by Oomycetes; formed upon fertilization of an oosphere. ISBN:0851988857 SGD:clt A thick walled, sexual, resting spore formed by Zygomycetes; sometimes refers to the spore and the multi-layered cell wall that encloses the spore, the zygosporangium. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000040 zygospore A thick walled, sexual, resting spore formed by Zygomycetes; sometimes refers to the spore and the multi-layered cell wall that encloses the spore, the zygosporangium. ISBN:0471940526 SGD:clt Cylindrical spore formed by development and compartmentation of hyphae; the hyphae are often supporting blastoconidiophores. fungal_anatomy_ontology arthrospore FAO:0000041 arthroconidium Cylindrical spore formed by development and compartmentation of hyphae; the hyphae are often supporting blastoconidiophores. PMID:2524423 SGD:clt An oblong or round asexual reproductive spore formed specifically by budding. GO:0034299 fungal_anatomy_ontology blastospore reproductive blastospore FAO:0000042 blastoconidium An oblong or round asexual reproductive spore formed specifically by budding. CGD:doi PMID:2524423 SGD:clt A specialized hypha, often aerial, that gives rise to asexual spores, known as conidia. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000043 conidiophore A specialized hypha, often aerial, that gives rise to asexual spores, known as conidia. AspGD:mcc ISBN:0471522295 PMID:9529886 A small hyphal branch or structure which supports a sporangium, a conidium, or a basidiospore. In species with biseriate (two layered) sterigmata such as A. nidulans, the first layer comprises primary sterigmata (metulae) and the second layer secondary sterigmata (phialides). Some species, e.g. A. fumigatus, A. oryzae, and others, have only phialides. sterigmata (plural) fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000044 sterigma A small hyphal branch or structure which supports a sporangium, a conidium, or a basidiospore. In species with biseriate (two layered) sterigmata such as A. nidulans, the first layer comprises primary sterigmata (metulae) and the second layer secondary sterigmata (phialides). Some species, e.g. A. fumigatus, A. oryzae, and others, have only phialides. AspGD:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A specialized cell that buds from a metula on a developing conidiophore. Multiple phialides may bud from each metula. The phialides in turn divide asymmetrically to give rise to chains of conidia. secondary sterigma fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000045 phialide A specialized cell that buds from a metula on a developing conidiophore. Multiple phialides may bud from each metula. The phialides in turn divide asymmetrically to give rise to chains of conidia. AspGD:mcc PMID:9529886 A specialized cell borne on a conidiophore that gives rise to phialides during the process of conidiation. metulae (plural) primary sterigma fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000046 metula A specialized cell borne on a conidiophore that gives rise to phialides during the process of conidiation. AspGD:mcc PMID:9529886 A completely closed fruiting body formed by some fungi of the Ascomycota, containing asci. BTO:0002159 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000047 cleistothecium A completely closed fruiting body formed by some fungi of the Ascomycota, containing asci. AspGD:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A specialized multinucleate cell that originates from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development. Hulle cells serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium. Note that "Hulle" is properly written with an umlaut character on the "u". fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000048 Hulle cell A specialized multinucleate cell that originates from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development. Hulle cells serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium. Note that "Hulle" is properly written with an umlaut character on the "u". AspGD:mcc PMID:19210625 The swollen region at the apex of a conidiophore, bearing multiple metulae. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000049 conidiophore vesicle The swollen region at the apex of a conidiophore, bearing multiple metulae. AspGD:mcc PMID:9529886 The elongated part of the conidiophore that extends, often aerially, from the growth substrate and supports the structures that bear conidia. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000050 conidiophore stalk The elongated part of the conidiophore that extends, often aerially, from the growth substrate and supports the structures that bear conidia. AspGD:mcc PMID:9529886 Oidia are borne a few at a time on very simple hyphae that protrude a short distance into the substrate, and are usually presumed not to constitute the main reproductive strategy of the fungus. Maria 2011-06-10T12:03:49Z GO:0034297 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000051 oidium Oidia are borne a few at a time on very simple hyphae that protrude a short distance into the substrate, and are usually presumed not to constitute the main reproductive strategy of the fungus. Wikipedia:Oidium A structure within which spores develop. Maria 2011-06-10T12:06:16Z GO:0043582 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000052 sporangium A structure within which spores develop. FAO:curators A zygosporangium is a thick-walled structure in which spores are produced, and is characteristic of the Zygomycetes. Maria 2011-06-10T12:14:19Z GO:0075271 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000053 zygosporangium A zygosporangium is a thick-walled structure in which spores are produced, and is characteristic of the Zygomycetes. FAO:curators A dikaryotic spore, typically of a rust fungus, that is produced in an aecium; in heteroecious rusts, the aeciospore is a spore stage that infects the alternate host. Maria 2011-06-10T12:18:12Z GO:0075247 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000054 aeciospore A dikaryotic spore, typically of a rust fungus, that is produced in an aecium; in heteroecious rusts, the aeciospore is a spore stage that infects the alternate host. FAO:curators A nonmotile, asexual spore, usually a sporangiospore, common in the Phycomycetes. Maria 2011-06-10T12:21:58Z GO:0075289 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000055 aplanospore A nonmotile, asexual spore, usually a sporangiospore, common in the Phycomycetes. FAO:curators answers.com:aplanospore A cuplike structure of some rust fungi that contains chains of aeciospores. Maria 2011-06-10T02:45:15Z GO:0075267 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000056 aecium A cuplike structure of some rust fungi that contains chains of aeciospores. FAO:curators A teliospore-bearing sorus of the rust fungi. A pustule-like sorus formed on the tissue of a plant infected by a rust fungus and producing teliospores. Maria 2011-06-10T02:47:39Z GO:0075275 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000057 telium A teliospore-bearing sorus of the rust fungi. A pustule-like sorus formed on the tissue of a plant infected by a rust fungus and producing teliospores. FAO:curators A reddish, pustule-like structure formed by a rust fungus and consisting of uredospores. Maria 2011-06-10T02:49:08Z GO:0075279 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000058 uredinium A reddish, pustule-like structure formed by a rust fungus and consisting of uredospores. FAO:curators A tubular structure that connects two individuals during conjugation (usually forming in response to pheromone) and through which the transfer of genetic material can occur. (http://science.yourdictionary.com/conjugation-tube) mariacostanzo 2013-04-02T03:23:27Z fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000059 conjugation tube A tubular structure that connects two individuals during conjugation (usually forming in response to pheromone) and through which the transfer of genetic material can occur. (http://science.yourdictionary.com/conjugation-tube) CGD:doi A hyphal cell that forms a clamp connection, a structure that separates differing nuclei, which have been obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types, into distinct hyphal segments that are separated by septa (cross walls). mariacostanzo 2013-04-02T03:28:00Z fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000060 clamp cell A hyphal cell that forms a clamp connection, a structure that separates differing nuclei, which have been obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types, into distinct hyphal segments that are separated by septa (cross walls). CGD:doi A structure produced in a dikaryotic hypha upon migration of the nuclei after mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. The clamp fuses to compartmentalize a nucleus within the subapical cell. Note: A hyphal cell that forms a clamp connection is called a "clamp cell". mariacostanzo 2013-04-02T03:29:16Z fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000061 fused clamp A structure produced in a dikaryotic hypha upon migration of the nuclei after mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. The clamp fuses to compartmentalize a nucleus within the subapical cell. Note: A hyphal cell that forms a clamp connection is called a "clamp cell". CGD:doi A structure that separates the nuclei within monokaryotic hyphae into distinct hyphal segments. Monokaryotic hyphae are produced during unisexual reproduction or hyphal development of a diploid, in contrast to dikaryotic hyphae which are produced by mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. mariacostanzo 2013-04-02T03:31:28Z fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000062 unfused clamp A structure that separates the nuclei within monokaryotic hyphae into distinct hyphal segments. Monokaryotic hyphae are produced during unisexual reproduction or hyphal development of a diploid, in contrast to dikaryotic hyphae which are produced by mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. CGD:doi Large cells produced by fungi, such as Cryptococcus neoformans, that typically exhibit altered capsule structure, a thickened cell wall, increased ploidy, and resistance to nitrosative and oxidative stresses. mariacostanzo 2013-04-03T11:15:35Z fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000063 titan cell Large cells produced by fungi, such as Cryptococcus neoformans, that typically exhibit altered capsule structure, a thickened cell wall, increased ploidy, and resistance to nitrosative and oxidative stresses. CGD:doi PMID:21821718 A forcibly discharged asexual spore. With fungi, most types of basidiospores formed on basidia are discharged into the air from the tips of sterigmata. mariacostanzo 2013-04-03T11:18:18Z ballistoconidium fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000064 ballistospore A forcibly discharged asexual spore. With fungi, most types of basidiospores formed on basidia are discharged into the air from the tips of sterigmata. CGD:doi The dikaryon is a cell pair observed in some fungi, within which two compatible nuclei of two cells pair off after plasmogamy and cohabit without karyogamy within a hyphal compartment, synchronously dividing such that pairs are maintained in the older cells and newer cells or hyphal tips are also binucleate. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dikaryon) mariacostanzo 2013-04-03T11:20:00Z fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000065 dikaryon The dikaryon is a cell pair observed in some fungi, within which two compatible nuclei of two cells pair off after plasmogamy and cohabit without karyogamy within a hyphal compartment, synchronously dividing such that pairs are maintained in the older cells and newer cells or hyphal tips are also binucleate. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dikaryon) CGD:doi The appendage or portion of a commensal or parasitic fungus (the hyphal tip) that penetrates the host's tissue and draws nutrients from it. Haustoria may arise from intercellular hyphae, appressoria, or external hyphae. mariacostanzo 2013-04-03T11:21:38Z BTO:0000515 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000066 haustorium The appendage or portion of a commensal or parasitic fungus (the hyphal tip) that penetrates the host's tissue and draws nutrients from it. Haustoria may arise from intercellular hyphae, appressoria, or external hyphae. CGD:doi A large, thick-walled resting spore produced by several kinds of fungi. mariacostanzo 2013-04-03T11:41:14Z fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0000067 chlamydospore A large, thick-walled resting spore produced by several kinds of fungi. CGD:doi A threadlike, tubular filamentous fungal structure. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001001 hypha A threadlike, tubular filamentous fungal structure. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A chain of cells, formed under specific growth conditions, in which yeast-form fungal cells become elongated, bud only at the cellular pole distal to the mother cell, and fail to separate after division. Pseudohyphae exhibit constrictions at the cell-cell junctions, in contrast to true hyphae which are of more uniform diameter. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001002 pseudohypha A chain of cells, formed under specific growth conditions, in which yeast-form fungal cells become elongated, bud only at the cellular pole distal to the mother cell, and fail to separate after division. Pseudohyphae exhibit constrictions at the cell-cell junctions, in contrast to true hyphae which are of more uniform diameter. FAO:mcc A threadlike, tubular filamentous fungal structure, existing as part of a group or mass of such structures, the mycelium. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001003 hypha in mycelium A threadlike, tubular filamentous fungal structure, existing as part of a group or mass of such structures, the mycelium. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls, that exists as part of a group or mass of such structures, the mycelium. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001004 septate hypha in mycelium A hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls, that exists as part of a group or mass of such structures, the mycelium. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A thick strand of hyphae oriented in parallel to each other, with a central channel through which nutrients are conducted. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001005 rhizomorph A thick strand of hyphae oriented in parallel to each other, with a central channel through which nutrients are conducted. FAO:clt ISBN:0632030771 A thick strand of hyphae, oriented in parallel to each other, with specialized channels through which nutrients are conducted. BTO:0000660 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001006 mycelial cord A thick strand of hyphae, oriented in parallel to each other, with specialized channels through which nutrients are conducted. FAO:clt ISBN:0632030771 A compact hyphal mass, on or in which fruiting bodies are formed. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001007 stroma A compact hyphal mass, on or in which fruiting bodies are formed. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A mycelial resting body, resistant to adverse environmental conditions. BTO:0001810 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001008 sclerotium A mycelial resting body, resistant to adverse environmental conditions. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001009 septate hypha A hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A hypha whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls. Septa may be present in older portions of the hypha, or at the base of reproductive structures. FAO:mcc fungal_anatomy_ontology coenocytic hypha FAO:0001010 aseptate hypha A hypha whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls. Septa may be present in older portions of the hypha, or at the base of reproductive structures. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 The growing end of a hypha. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001011 hyphal tip The growing end of a hypha. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 The growing end of a hypha existing as a part of a mass or group of hyphae, the mycelium. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001012 hyphal tip, hypha in mycelium The growing end of a hypha existing as a part of a mass or group of hyphae, the mycelium. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 Hypha containing dolipore septa, or cross-walls, containing a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure; existing as part of a group or mass of similar hyphae, or mycelium. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001013 hypha with dolipore septa, in mycelium Hypha containing dolipore septa, or cross-walls, containing a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure; existing as part of a group or mass of similar hyphae, or mycelium. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A hypha whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls; existing as part of a mass or group of such hyphae, the mycelium. FAO:mcc fungal_anatomy_ontology coenocytic hypha in mycelium FAO:0001014 aseptate hypha in mycelium A hypha whose growing portion contains multiple nuclei but is not divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls; existing as part of a mass or group of such hyphae, the mycelium. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls, existing as part of a group or mass of such hyphae, the mycelium. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001015 hyphal tip, septate hypha in mycelium The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls, existing as part of a group or mass of such hyphae, the mycelium. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001016 hyphal tip, septate hypha The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by dolipore septa, existing as part of a group or mass of such hyphae, the mycelium. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001017 hyphal tip, hypha with dolipore septa in mycelium The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by dolipore septa, existing as part of a group or mass of such hyphae, the mycelium. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 Hypha containing dolipore septa, or cross-walls; septa contain a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure; pore is covered on each side of the septum by a septal pore cap (parenthosome). fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001018 hypha with dolipore septa Hypha containing dolipore septa, or cross-walls; septa contain a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure; pore is covered on each side of the septum by a septal pore cap (parenthosome). FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by septa, or cross-walls, of the dolipore type. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001019 hyphal tip, hypha with dolipore septa The growing end of a hypha that is divided internally by septa, or cross-walls, of the dolipore type. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 The growing tip of a hypha whose growing portion is not divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls, existing as part of a group or mass of such hyphae, the mycelium. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001020 hyphal tip, aseptate hypha in mycelium The growing tip of a hypha whose growing portion is not divided internally by septa, or lateral cell walls, existing as part of a group or mass of such hyphae, the mycelium. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 The growing end of a hypha that is not divided internally by septa, or cross-walls. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001021 hyphal tip, aseptate hypha The growing end of a hypha that is not divided internally by septa, or cross-walls. FAO:mcc ISBN:0471522295 A cell engaged in or about to engage in the process of mating; exhibits different morphology from a vegetative cell due to the action of mating pheromones. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001022 mating cell A cell engaged in or about to engage in the process of mating; exhibits different morphology from a vegetative cell due to the action of mating pheromones. FAO:mcc An elongated, asymmetric cell formed before mating, in response to mating pheromone, by Saccharomyces species and other fungi with similar life cycles. Named after the Al Capp cartoon character, whose shape it resembles. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001023 shmoo An elongated, asymmetric cell formed before mating, in response to mating pheromone, by Saccharomyces species and other fungi with similar life cycles. Named after the Al Capp cartoon character, whose shape it resembles. FAO:mcc ISBN:0879693798 true Mass of hyphae, usually in wood or bark; visible with the naked eye. BTO:0000890 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001025 mycelial felt BTO:0000890 Mass of hyphae, usually in wood or bark; visible with the naked eye. BTO:0000890 The fungal component of the lichen partnership, absorbing nutrients and providing structural support for the plant. BTO:0000892 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001026 mycobiont BTO:0000892 The fungal component of the lichen partnership, absorbing nutrients and providing structural support for the plant. BTO:0000892 The symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus with the roots of a seed plant. BTO:0000893 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001027 mycorrhiza BTO:0000893 The symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus with the roots of a seed plant. BTO:0000893 Fruiting body formed by some cellular slime moulds; has both stalk and spore-mass. BTO:0001098 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001028 sorocarp BTO:0001098 Fruiting body formed by some cellular slime moulds; has both stalk and spore-mass. BTO:0001098 A multinucleate plasmodium-like body formed by aggregation of myxamoebae without fusion of their protoplasm. BTO:0001139 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001029 pseudoplasmodium BTO:0001139 A multinucleate plasmodium-like body formed by aggregation of myxamoebae without fusion of their protoplasm. BTO:0001139 An invasive mycelium that forms within a solid or semi-solid substrate such as wood, soil or agar. fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001030 substrate mycelium BTO:0001562 An invasive mycelium that forms within a solid or semi-solid substrate such as wood, soil or agar. FAO:doi A mycelium that forms prior to sporulation and extends aerially, or perpendicular to its substrate. BTO:0001562 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001031 aerial mycelium BTO:0001562 A mycelium that forms prior to sporulation and extends aerially, or perpendicular to its substrate. FAO:doi An open or expanded fruiting body seen in lichens and actinomycetous fungi, having asci contained on its exposed surface. BTO:0002160 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001034 apothecium BTO:0002160 An open or expanded fruiting body seen in lichens and actinomycetous fungi, having asci contained on its exposed surface. BTO:0002160 A type of fruiting body (ascocarp) composed of a loose network of mycelia through which ascospores filter and are released at maturity; its reproductive organs are in the form of naked asci. Seen in fungi of the family Gymnoascaceae. BTO:0002163 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001035 gymnothecium BTO:0002163 A type of fruiting body (ascocarp) composed of a loose network of mycelia through which ascospores filter and are released at maturity; its reproductive organs are in the form of naked asci. Seen in fungi of the family Gymnoascaceae. BTO:0002163 The flask-shaped fruiting body of certain molds and ascomycetous fungi having a pore for the escape of spores. BTO:0002164 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001036 perithecium BTO:0002164 The flask-shaped fruiting body of certain molds and ascomycetous fungi having a pore for the escape of spores. BTO:0002164 A germ tube is an outgrowth produced by certain species of spore-releasing fungi (sporangia) during germination. The germ tube differentiates, grows, and develops by mitosis to create a somatic hyphae. BTO:0004822 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001051 germ tube BTO:0004822 A germ tube is an outgrowth produced by certain species of spore-releasing fungi (sporangia) during germination. The germ tube differentiates, grows, and develops by mitosis to create a somatic hyphae. BTO:0004822 A mushroom develops from a nodule, or pinhead, less than two millimeters in diameter, called a primordium, which is typically found on or near the surface of the substrate. It is formed within the mycelium, the mass of threadlike hyphae that make up the fungus. The primordium enlarges into a roundish structure of interwoven hyphae roughly resembling an egg, called a button. BTO:0005533 fungal_anatomy_ontology primordium FAO:0001052 fungal primordium BTO:0005533 A mushroom develops from a nodule, or pinhead, less than two millimeters in diameter, called a primordium, which is typically found on or near the surface of the substrate. It is formed within the mycelium, the mass of threadlike hyphae that make up the fungus. The primordium enlarges into a roundish structure of interwoven hyphae roughly resembling an egg, called a button. BTO:0005533 primordium BTO:0005533 A very small sclerotium. BTO:0006116 fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0001053 microsclerotium BTO:0006116 A very small sclerotium. BTO:0006116 A spherical fungal structure that is formed in the sexual phase of ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora. A protoperithecium is formed by the enveloping of ascogonia cells by sterile hyphae, and develops into a perithecium. midori 2018-09-21T10:54:17Z fungal_anatomy_ontology FAO:0002001 protoperithecium A spherical fungal structure that is formed in the sexual phase of ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora. A protoperithecium is formed by the enveloping of ascogonia cells by sterile hyphae, and develops into a perithecium. DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00286-1_2 PMID:125266 PMID:20739093 PMID:25311923 PMID:4410944 PMID:6235211 PMID:6235212