1.2 19:11:2015 13:48 FlyBase_miscellaneous_CV Imports terms from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/go/2014-09-20/go-simple.owl; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/fbdv/2014-07-29/fbdv.owl Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBdv.owl>))) [Axioms: 249 Logical Axioms: 70] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/fbcv_go_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 2082 Logical Axioms: 299] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/2010/5/Ontology1275387730635/timing_relations_for_occurrents.owl>))) [Axioms: 115 Logical Axioms: 55] OBO-Edit 2.3-beta5 mmc46 definition OBO Foundry Uniquename camcur BrainName official abbreviation BRAND NAME EmbDevSlim FORMULA FlyTed temp subset for edit tracking purposes Testis slim INN IUPAC NAME InChI InChIKey terms for rd test ontology SMILES Abnormal/normal slim Absent/present slim Attribute slim camcur cell_quality cur warning of impending obsoletion larval olfactory system Relational slim: types of quality that require an additional entity in order to exist Systematic synonym Value slim subset_property subset_property synonym_type_property has_alternative_id has_broad_synonym database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_narrow_synonym has_obo_format_version has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym has_scope in_subset in_subset shorthand synonym part_of BFO:0000050 OBO_REL:part_of external part_of part_of part_of OBO_REL:has_part precedes X precedes Y iff: end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with start(Y) ends_before preceded_by 2009-10-09T10:00:53Z BFO:0000062 OBO_REL:preceded_by djs93 preceded_by preceded_by X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X) proceeds starts_after inheres_in RO:0000052 inheres_in inheres_in before_or_simultaneous_with Primitive instance level timing relation between events <= simultaneous_with t1 simultaneous_with t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simultaneous_with t2 and not (t1 before t2) before t1 before t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simulataneous_with t2 and not (t1 simultaeous_with t2) during_which_ends Perviously used http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002122 - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. encompasses Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002124 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range. ends_after X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) immediately_preceded_by RO:0002087 starts_at_end_of starts_at_end_of X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) starts_at_end_of during_which_starts Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002123 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range. starts_before immediately_precedes RO:0002090 ends_at_start_of ends_at_start_of ends_at_start_of X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) X starts_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (start(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) X happens_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) X ends_during Y iff: ((start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)) AND end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y). regulates RO:0002211 external regulates regulates negatively regulates RO:0002212 external negatively_regulates negatively_regulates positively regulates RO:0002213 external positively_regulates positively_regulates has_member has_age has role has_role qualifier qualifier qualifier temporary placeholder - this means that Obol could not infer the correct relation towards temporary placeholder - may be placed in OBO_REL; with relational qualities, the additional argument is the 'towards' argument; eg sensitivity towards chlorine. Relation binding a relational quality or disposition to the relevant type of entity. towards has_increased_mortality_rate 0 100 process boundary time dimension = 0. An event is an instant. event Using BFO process boundary here, although I'd rather use a term name that didn't reference processes at all, which I see as distinct from stages. continuant occurrent 2009-10-01T05:56:28Z An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants. BFO:0000003 FBdv:00007008 djs93 An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants. BFOC:ANON independent continuant object aggregate organism cell CL:0000000 organism An individual member of the species Drosophila melanogaster. Drosophila FBbt:00000001 fly_anatomy.ontology whole organism An individual member of the species Drosophila melanogaster. FBC:DOS adult sense organ Any sense organ (FBbt:00005155) that is part of some adult (FBbt:00003004). FBbt:00004113 fly_anatomy.ontology Any sense organ (FBbt:00005155) that is part of some adult (FBbt:00003004). FBC:auto_generated_definition FlyBase:FBrf0007734 FlyBase:FBrf0031004 eye FBbt:00004508 The compound eye is a light sensing organ composed of ommatidia. compound eye fly_anatomy.ontology FBC:gg The compound eye is a light sensing organ composed of ommatidia. organ system A division of the whole organism into specialized systems. FBbt:00004856 fly_anatomy.ontology A division of the whole organism into specialized systems. FBC:gg nervous system All the nerve centers and nerve fibers in the central, visceral and peripheral nervous systems. FBbt:00005093 fly_anatomy.ontology All the nerve centers and nerve fibers in the central, visceral and peripheral nervous systems. ISBN:978-3-11-014898-5 sense organ FBbt:00005155 Multicellular anatomical structure with largely bona fide boundary that transduces some sensory stimulus to the nervous system. fly_anatomy.ontology FBC:DOS Multicellular anatomical structure with largely bona fide boundary that transduces some sensory stimulus to the nervous system. photoreceptor A light sensitive sense organ. FBbt:00005162 fly_anatomy.ontology A light sensitive sense organ. FBC:gg external sensory organ FBbt:00005168 eo es fly_anatomy.ontology sensillum anatomical structure FBbt:00007001 Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape, whose parts are all connected and that is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. fly_anatomy.ontology CARO:MAH FBC:DOS Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape, whose parts are all connected and that is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. cell Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. FBbt:00007002 fly_anatomy.ontology Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. CARO:MAH material anatomical entity FBbt:00007016 fly_anatomy.ontology compound cell cluster organ An anatomical structure consisting of multiple cell cluster organs and which does not contain portions of tissue. FBbt:00007230 fly_anatomy.ontology An anatomical structure consisting of multiple cell cluster organs and which does not contain portions of tissue. FBC:DOS compound sense organ Any compound cell cluster organ (FBbt:00007230) that functions in (some) detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050906). FBbt:00007234 compound sensillum fly_anatomy.ontology Any compound cell cluster organ (FBbt:00007230) that functions in (some) detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050906). FBC:auto_generated_definition external compound sense organ FBbt:00007235 fly_anatomy.ontology multicellular structure Anatomical structure that has multiple cells as parts. FBbt:00100313 fly_anatomy.ontology Anatomical structure that has multiple cells as parts. FBC:DOS anatomical entity Anatomical entity which is part_of Drosophila melanogaster. Drosophila FBbt:10000000 fly_anatomy.ontology Anatomical entity which is part_of Drosophila melanogaster. CARO:MAH thermotaxis behavior defective FBcv:0000002 Phenotype that is a defect in thermotaxis (GO:0043052). 'thermotaxis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0043052' phenotypic_class thermotaxis behaviour defective FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in thermotaxis (GO:0043052). 'thermotaxis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0043052' male semi-fertile FBcv:0000006 phenotypic_class female semi-fertile FBcv:0000007 phenotypic_class modifier of variegation FBcv:0000008 Genotype g1 is a modifier of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is significantly different from that caused by g2 alone. phenotypic_class variegation FBC:DOS Genotype g1 is a modifier of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is significantly different from that caused by g2 alone. FBC:DOS variegation homeotic FBcv:0000316 Phenotype that is the partial or full transformation of one or more segments (FBbt:00000003) or segmental appendages from one identity to another. For example, in antennapedia an antenna is partially or fully transformed into a leg. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is the partial or full transformation of one or more segments (FBbt:00000003) or segmental appendages from one identity to another. For example, in antennapedia an antenna is partially or fully transformed into a leg. dorsal/ventral axis specification defective FBcv:0000324 Phenotype that is a defect in dorsal/ventral axis specification (GO:0009950). 'dorsal/ventral axis specification' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009950' dorsal-ventral polarity phenotypic_class FBC:DOS dorsal-ventral polarity FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in dorsal/ventral axis specification (GO:0009950). 'dorsal/ventral axis specification' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009950' neurogenic phenotype 2011-09-13T02:42:10Z A phenotype that is an expansion of the developing embryonic nervous system at the expense of developing ventral epidermis. FBcv:0000325 Typically this is caused by and expansion of the population of neuroblasts at the expense of prospective epidermis, both of which originate in the ventral ectoderm. djs93 phenotypic_class A phenotype that is an expansion of the developing embryonic nervous system at the expense of developing ventral epidermis. FlyBase:FBrf0040185 phenotypic class FBcv:0000347 phenotypic_class wild-type FBcv:0000348 The canonical phenotype of a wild-type Drosophilid. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS The canonical phenotype of a wild-type Drosophilid. viable A phenotype that is survival to mature adulthood, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBcv:0000349 Proforma field: MA8. Note, this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially'. Use semi-viable or semi-lethal instead. phenotypic_class A phenotype that is survival to mature adulthood, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS partially lethal - majority live 50 5 50 5 FBcv:0000350 phenotypic_class semi-viable A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant proportion of animals in that population, but less that half, prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant proportion of animals in that population, but less that half, prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). lethal 98 98 FBcv:0000351 Note on usage: lethal is appropriate in cases where escaper adults are very rare. The lethal phase prior to becoming a mature adult may be further specified using children terms which specify stage. phenotypic_class phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS FBC:KM partially lethal - majority die 50 98 50 98 FBcv:0000352 Stages during which there is significant death prior to mature adulthood can be indicated using one or more stage qualifiers. phenotypic_class semi-lethal A phenotype of a population that is the death a majority of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death a majority of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:NB FBC:DOS FBC:KM cell lethal A phenotype that is a failure of mutant cells to survive. FBcv:0000353 Typically, this phenotype is assayed in clones of cells. phenotypic_class A phenotype that is a failure of mutant cells to survive. FBC:DOS visible A post-embryonic, macroscopic, anatomical phenotype. FBcv:0000354 phenotypic_class A post-embryonic, macroscopic, anatomical phenotype. FBC:DOS eye color defective FBcv:0000355 Phenotype that is a defect in eye color compared to wild-type. eye colour defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in eye color compared to wild-type. body color defective A phenotype that is a defect in body color compared to wild-type. FBcv:0000356 body colour defective phenotypic_class A phenotype that is a defect in body color compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS size defective A phenotype that is a defect in the size of the whole body or some body part compared to wild-type. FBcv:0000357 phenotypic_class A phenotype that is a defect in the size of the whole body or some body part compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS small body FBcv:0000358 Phenotype that is a decrease in body size compared to identically raised wild-type controls. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decrease in body size compared to identically raised wild-type controls. decreased cell number FBcv:0000359 Phenotype that is a decrease in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by decreased growth - there may be fewer cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. phenotypic_class reduced cell number FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decrease in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by decreased growth - there may be fewer cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. decreased cell size FBcv:0000360 Note that defects in cell size are not necessarily the result of defects in cell growth. A change in the rate of cell division in the absence of any change in cell growth rate can result in smaller or larger cells. Phenotype that is a decrease in the size of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by decreased growth of a tissue - there may be more cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. phenotypic_class reduced cell size FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decrease in the size of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by decreased growth of a tissue - there may be more cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. large body FBcv:0000361 Phenotype that is an increase in body size compared to identically raised wild-type controls. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in body size compared to identically raised wild-type controls. increased cell number FBcv:0000362 Phenotype that is an increase in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by overgrowth of a tissue - there may be more cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. It is not necessarily due to an increase in cell growth -it may be the result of an increase in the division rate at normal growth rates. It may not even be due to an increase in the cell division rate - a reduced rate of cell death while the division rate is normal could also achieve it. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. increased cell size FBcv:0000363 May be due to an increase in the cell growth rate or to a reduced rate of cell division along with a normal rate of cell growth. Phenotype that is an increase in the size of cells compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in the size of cells compared to wild-type. sterile A phenotype that is the inability to produce a zygote. FBcv:0000364 The cause of sterility may be physical or behavioral. Note, this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially'. Use semi-sterile or semi-fertile instead. phenotypic_class A phenotype that is the inability to produce a zygote. FBC:DOS semi-sterile A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced to below 50% of wild-type. FBcv:0000365 phenotypic_class reduced fecundity A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced to below 50% of wild-type. FBC:DOS FBC:DOS reduced fecundity female sterile A phenotype that is the inability of females to mate and produce fertilized offspring. FBcv:0000366 The cause of sterility may be physical or behavioral. Note: this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially' - use semi-sterile or semi-fertile instead. phenotypic_class A phenotype that is the inability of females to mate and produce fertilized offspring. FBC:DOS female semi-sterile A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced by females to below 50% of wild-type. FBcv:0000367 phenotypic_class A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced by females to below 50% of wild-type. FBC:DOS female sterile germline-dependent A phenotype of female sterility due to defects in the female germline. FBcv:0000368 female sterile germ-line-dependent phenotypic_class A phenotype of female sterility due to defects in the female germline. FBC:DOS female sterile soma-dependent A phenotype of female sterility due to defects in somatic cells of the ovary (FBbt:00006030), or of the products of these cells (such as eggshell). FBcv:0000369 phenotypic_class A phenotype of female sterility due to defects in somatic cells of the ovary (FBbt:00006030), or of the products of these cells (such as eggshell). FBC:DOS male sterile A phenotype that is the inability of males to mate and produce fertilized offspring. FBcv:0000370 The cause of sterility may be physical or behavioral. Note - this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially' - use semi-sterile or semi-fertile instead. phenotypic_class A phenotype that is the inability of males to mate and produce fertilized offspring. FBC:DOS male semi-sterile A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced by males to below 50% of wild-type. FBcv:0000371 phenotypic_class A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced by males to below 50% of wild-type. FBC:DOS male sterile germline-dependent A phenotype of male sterility due to defects in the male germline. FBcv:0000372 male sterile germ-line-dependent phenotypic_class A phenotype of male sterility due to defects in the male germline. FBC:DOS male sterile soma-dependent A phenotype of male sterility due to defects in somatic cells of the testis (FBbt:00006031) or of the products of these cells. FBcv:0000373 phenotypic_class A phenotype of male sterility due to defects in somatic cells of the testis (FBbt:00006031) or of the products of these cells. FBC:DOS fertile A phenotype that is the ability to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. FBcv:0000374 Note, this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially'. Use semi-sterile or semi-fertile instead. phenotypic_class A phenotype that is the ability to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. FBC:DOS semi-fertile FBcv:0000375 Phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced to, but only to > 50% of wild-type. phenotypic_class reduced fecundity FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced to, but only to > 50% of wild-type. FBC:DOS reduced fecundity male fertile A phenotype that is the ability of males to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. FBcv:0000376 Note - this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially' - use male semi-sterile or male semi-fertile instead. phenotypic_class A phenotype that is the ability of males to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. FBC:DOS female fertile A phenotype that is the ability of females to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. FBcv:0000377 Note - this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially' - use female semi-sterile or female semi-fertile instead. phenotypic_class A phenotype that is the ability of females to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. FBC:DOS grandchildless A phenotype in which all offspring are sterile. Typically, this is due to maternal effect sterility resulting from defects in pole cell development. FBcv:0000378 phenotypic_class A phenotype in which all offspring are sterile. Typically, this is due to maternal effect sterility resulting from defects in pole cell development. ISBN:978-0-87969-321-3 enhancer of variegation FBcv:0000379 Genotype g1 is an enhancer of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is greater than that caused by g2 alone. Typically, g2 is a chromosomal aberration or an insertion. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Genotype g1 is an enhancer of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is greater than that caused by g2 alone. non-enhancer of variegation FBcv:0000380 Genotype g1 is a non-enhancer of variegation of the phenotype due to genotype g2 if, and only if, g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is not greater than that caused by g2 alone. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Genotype g1 is a non-enhancer of variegation of the phenotype due to genotype g2 if, and only if, g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is not greater than that caused by g2 alone. suppressor of variegation FBcv:0000381 Genotype g1 is a suppressor of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is less than that caused by to g2 alone. Typically, g2 is a chromosomal aberration or an insertion. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Genotype g1 is a suppressor of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is less than that caused by to g2 alone. non-suppressor of variegation FBcv:0000382 Genotype g1 is a non-suppressor of variegation of the phenotype due to genotype g2 if, and only if, g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is not less than that caused by g2 alone. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Genotype g1 is a non-suppressor of variegation of the phenotype due to genotype g2 if, and only if, g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is not less than that caused by g2 alone. auxotroph A phenotype that is the inability to synthesize some organic compound that can be synthesized by wild-type animals, and that is required for normal growth and/or development. FBcv:0000383 phenotypic_class A phenotype that is the inability to synthesize some organic compound that can be synthesized by wild-type animals, and that is required for normal growth and/or development. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxotrophic aging defective FBcv:0000384 Phenotype that is a defect in aging (GO:0007568). 'aging' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007568' phenotypic_class GOC:PO_curators Phenotype that is a defect in aging (GO:0007568). 'aging' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007568' short lived 5 5 FBcv:0000385 Phenotype that is a shorter adult life-span than wild-type. phenotypic_class phenotypic_class increased adult mortality FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a shorter adult life-span than wild-type. long lived FBcv:0000386 Phenotype that is a longer adult life-span than wild-type. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a longer adult life-span than wild-type. behavior defective FBcv:0000387 behavioral behaviour defective behavioural phenotypic_class gravitaxis defective FBcv:0000388 Phenotype that is a change in the strong tendency, seen in wild-type Drosophila melanogaster, to climb - a behavior otherwise known as negative gravitaxis (GO:0048060 ; movement away from the source of gravity). geotaxis behaviour defective gravitaxis behavior defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a change in the strong tendency, seen in wild-type Drosophila melanogaster, to climb - a behavior otherwise known as negative gravitaxis (GO:0048060 ; movement away from the source of gravity). paralytic FBcv:0000389 Phenotype that is a disposition to paralysis under conditions that do not cause paralysis in a wild-type animal. Paralysis is defined as an inability to exhibit `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a disposition to paralysis under conditions that do not cause paralysis in a wild-type animal. Paralysis is defined as an inability to exhibit `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) hypoactive A phenotype consisting of decreased frequency of `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) compared to wild-type. FBcv:0000390 phenotypic_class A phenotype consisting of decreased frequency of `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS bang sensitive A phenotype exhibited following mechanical shock and consisting of a brief period of intense, uncoordinated motor activity (legs and wings flailing, abdomen coiling) followed by a prolonged period of paralysis. FBcv:0000391 easily shocked phenotypic_class A phenotype exhibited following mechanical shock and consisting of a brief period of intense, uncoordinated motor activity (legs and wings flailing, abdomen coiling) followed by a prolonged period of paralysis. FlyBase:FBrf0022877 FlyBase:FBrf0022877 easily shocked hyperactive A phenotype consisting of increased frequency of `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) compared to wild-type. FBcv:0000392 phenotypic_class A phenotype consisting of increased frequency of `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS pain response defective FBcv:0000393 Phenotype that is a defect in response to pain (GO:0048265). 'response to pain' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0048265' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to pain (GO:0048265). 'response to pain' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0048265' circadian rhythm defective FBcv:0000394 Phenotype that is a defect in circadian rhythm (GO:0007623). 'circadian rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007623' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in circadian rhythm (GO:0007623). 'circadian rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007623' locomotor rhythm defective FBcv:0000395 Phenotype that is a defect in locomotor rhythm (GO:0045475). 'locomotor rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0045475' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in locomotor rhythm (GO:0045475). 'locomotor rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0045475' eclosion rhythm defective FBcv:0000396 Phenotype that is a defect in eclosion rhythm (GO:0008062). 'eclosion rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0008062' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in eclosion rhythm (GO:0008062). 'eclosion rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0008062' learning defective FBcv:0000397 Phenotype that is a defect in learning (GO:0007612). 'learning' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007612' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in learning (GO:0007612). 'learning' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007612' memory defective FBcv:0000398 Phenotype that is a defect in memory (GO:0007613). 'memory' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007613' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in memory (GO:0007613). 'memory' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007613' courtship behavior defective FBcv:0000399 Phenotype that is a defect in courtship behavior (GO:0007619). 'courtship behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007619' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in courtship behavior (GO:0007619). 'courtship behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007619' mating defective FBcv:0000400 Phenotype that is a defect in mating (GO:0007618). 'mating' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007618' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in mating (GO:0007618). 'mating' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007618' mating rhythm defective FBcv:0000401 Phenotype that is a defect in circadian mating behavior (GO:0035648). 'circadian mating behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0035648' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in circadian mating behavior (GO:0035648). 'circadian mating behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0035648' song defective FBcv:0000402 Phenotype that is a defect in male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production (GO:0045433). This is defined as '$sub_GO:0045433' phenotypic_class singing defective song production defective FBC:SM singing defective FBC:SM song production defective FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production (GO:0045433). This is defined as '$sub_GO:0045433' chemosensitive behavior defective FBcv:0000403 Phenotype that is a defect in chemosensory behavior (GO:0007635). 'chemosensory behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007635'.' chemosensitive behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in chemosensory behavior (GO:0007635). 'chemosensory behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007635'.' smell perception defective FBcv:0000404 Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of smell (GO:0007608). 'sensory perception of smell' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007608' olfaction defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of smell (GO:0007608). 'sensory perception of smell' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007608' taste perception defective FBcv:0000405 Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of taste (GO:0050909). 'sensory perception of taste' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050909' gustation defective phenotypic_class taste defective FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of taste (GO:0050909). 'sensory perception of taste' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050909' tarsal response defective FBcv:0000406 Phenotype that is a failure to exhibit proboscis extension reflex in response to a sugar stimulus via taste sensilla on the tarsus. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a failure to exhibit proboscis extension reflex in response to a sugar stimulus via taste sensilla on the tarsus. auditory perception defective FBcv:0000407 Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of sound (GO:0007605). 'sensory perception of sound' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007605' auditory system defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of sound (GO:0007605). 'sensory perception of sound' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007605' stress response defective FBcv:0000408 Phenotype that is a defect in response to stress (GO:0006950). 'response to stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006950' environmental stress response defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to stress (GO:0006950). 'response to stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006950' osmotic stress response defective FBcv:0000409 Phenotype that is a defect in response to osmotic stress (GO:0006970). 'response to osmotic stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006970' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to osmotic stress (GO:0006970). 'response to osmotic stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006970' heat stress response defective FBcv:0000410 Phenotype that is a defect in response to heat (GO:0009408). 'response to heat' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009408' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to heat (GO:0009408). 'response to heat' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009408' visual behavior defective FBcv:0000411 Phenotype that is a defect in visual behavior (GO:0007632). 'visual behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007632' phenotypic_class visual behaviour defective FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in visual behavior (GO:0007632). 'visual behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007632' optomotor response defective FBcv:0000412 Phenotype that is a defect in optomotor response: a motor response during flight or walking that serves to stabilize both image formation on the retina and locomotor course. optomotor behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in optomotor response: a motor response during flight or walking that serves to stabilize both image formation on the retina and locomotor course. phototaxis defective FBcv:0000413 Phenotype that is a defect in phototaxis (GO:0042331). 'phototaxis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042331' phenotypic_class phototaxis behaviour defective FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in phototaxis (GO:0042331). 'phototaxis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042331' locomotor behavior defective FBcv:0000414 Phenotype that is a defect in locomotory behavior (GO:0007626). 'locomotory behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007626' locomotor behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in locomotory behavior (GO:0007626). 'locomotory behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007626' jumping defective FBcv:0000415 Phenotype that is a reduced ability to jump or a reduced jump response. This may be due to neurological or muscular defects. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a reduced ability to jump or a reduced jump response. This may be due to neurological or muscular defects. uncoordinated FBcv:0000416 Phenotype that is a lack of normal co-ordination in locomotor activity. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a lack of normal co-ordination in locomotor activity. flight defective FBcv:0000417 Phenotype that is a defect in flight (GO:0060361). 'flight' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0060361' This term is agnostic as to the causes of defects in flight. An animal's flight may be defective for mechanical, behavioral or sensory reasons. flight behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in flight (GO:0060361). 'flight' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0060361' flightless FBcv:0000418 Phenotype that is the absence of flight (GO:0060361). 'flight' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0060361' This term is agnostic as to the causes of flightlessness. An animal may be flightless for mechanical or behavioral reasons. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is the absence of flight (GO:0060361). 'flight' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0060361' feeding behavior defective FBcv:0000419 Phenotype that is a defect in feeding behavior (GO:0007631). 'feeding behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007631' feeding behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in feeding behavior (GO:0007631). 'feeding behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007631' grooming behavior defective FBcv:0000420 Phenotype that is a defect in grooming behavior (GO:0007625). 'grooming behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007625' grooming behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in grooming behavior (GO:0007625). 'grooming behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007625' touch sensitivity defective FBcv:0000421 Phenotype that is reduction in or loss of a stereotypical locomotory response to touch. This phenotype is commonly assayed by scoring larval avoidance responses following stroking of the thoracic segments (see Kernan et al., 1994). On its own, this is not sufficient evidence for a defect in sensory perception of touch, as motor defects can also cause this phenotype. Internal note - phenotypic_class FlyBase:FBrf0073546 Phenotype that is reduction in or loss of a stereotypical locomotory response to touch. photoperiod response variant FBcv:0000422 Phenotype that is a defect in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod (GO:0043153), which is defined as: '$sub_GO:0043153' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod (GO:0043153), which is defined as: '$sub_GO:0043153' DNA repair defective FBcv:0000423 Phenotype that is a defect in DNA repair (GO:0006281). 'DNA repair' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006281' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in DNA repair (GO:0006281). 'DNA repair' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006281' cell death defective FBcv:0000424 Phenotype that is a change in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This may be due to effects on the regulation of cell death (GO:0010941) or in cell death (GO:0008219) pathways themselves. apoptosis defective pcd defective phenotypic_class programmed cell death defective FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a change in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This may be due to effects on the regulation of cell death (GO:0010941) or in cell death (GO:0008219) pathways themselves. increased cell death FBcv:0000425 Phenotype that is an increase in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. pcd increase phenotypic_class programmed cell death increase FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. decreased cell death FBcv:0000426 Phenotype that is an increase in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. pcd decrease phenotypic_class programmed cell death decrease FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. cell growth defective FBcv:0000427 Note that defects in cell size are not necessarily the result of defects in cell growth. A change in the rate of cell division in the absence of any change in cell growth rate can result in smaller or larger cells. Phenotype that is a defect in cell growth (GO:0016049). 'cell growth' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0016049' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in cell growth (GO:0016049). 'cell growth' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0016049' cell size defective FBcv:0000428 Phenotype that is a defect in the size of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in the size of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. cell shape defective FBcv:0000429 Phenotype that is a defect in the shape (PATO:0000052) of some cell compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in the shape (PATO:0000052) of some cell compared to wild-type. cell polarity defective FBcv:0000430 Phenotype that is a defect in the asymmetric distribution of components within a cell. For example an epithelial cell is 'cell polarity defective' if it lacks the normal asymmetric distribution of proteins or cell components such as junctions or villi along its apical-basal axis. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in the asymmetric distribution of components within a cell. For example an epithelial cell is 'cell polarity defective' if it lacks the normal asymmetric distribution of proteins or cell components such as junctions or villi along its apical-basal axis. meiotic cell cycle defective FBcv:0000431 Phenotype that is a defect in meiotic cell cycle (GO:0051321). 'meiotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0051321' meiotic phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in meiotic cell cycle (GO:0051321). 'meiotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0051321' mitotic cell cycle defective FBcv:0000432 Phenotype that is a defect in mitotic cell cycle (GO:0000278). 'mitotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0000278' mitotic phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in mitotic cell cycle (GO:0000278). 'mitotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0000278' cytokinesis defective FBcv:0000433 Phenotype that is a defect in cytokinesis (GO:0000910). 'cytokinesis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0000910' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in cytokinesis (GO:0000910). 'cytokinesis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0000910' neurophysiology defective FBcv:0000434 Phenotype that is a defect in the electrophysiological properties of some class of neurons, muscles or anatomical structure of the nervous system. Examples of these phenotypes at the neuron class level include defects in spontaneous or evoked excitatory junction potential. Examples at a more gross anatomical level include abnormal retinal electrophysiology (e.g.- measured by an electroretinogram). phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in the electrophysiological properties of some class of neurons, muscles or anatomical structure of the nervous system. Examples of these phenotypes at the neuron class level include defects in spontaneous or evoked excitatory junction potential. Examples at a more gross anatomical level include abnormal retinal electrophysiology (e.g.- measured by an electroretinogram). neuroanatomy defective FBcv:0000435 Phenotype that is a defect in nervous system (FBbt:00005093). 'nervous system' is defined as: '$sub_FBbt:00005093' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in nervous system (FBbt:00005093). 'nervous system' is defined as: '$sub_FBbt:00005093' sex-determination defective FBcv:0000436 Phenotype that is a defect in sex determination (GO:0007530). 'sex determination' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007530' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sex determination (GO:0007530). 'sex determination' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007530' dosage compensation defective FBcv:0000437 Phenotype that is a defect in dosage compensation (GO:0007549). 'dosage compensation' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007549' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in dosage compensation (GO:0007549). 'dosage compensation' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007549' electrophoretic variant FBcv:0000438 Phenotype that is a difference in electrophoretic migration of a gene product compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a difference in electrophoretic migration of a gene product compared to wild-type. chemical resistant FBcv:0000439 Phenotype that is a decreased sensitivity (compared to wild-type) to the toxic effects of some specified chemical. The phrase 'toxic effects' here refers to reversible effects such as inebriation and sedation as well as sustained damage, developmental defects and death. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decreased sensitivity (compared to wild-type) to the toxic effects of some specified chemical. The phrase 'toxic effects' here refers to reversible effects such as inebriation and sedation as well as sustained damage, developmental defects and death. chemical sensitive FBcv:0000440 Phenotype that is an increased sensitivity (compared to wild-type) to the toxic effects of some specified chemical. The phrase 'toxic effects' here refers to reversible effects such as inebriation and sedation as well as sustained damage, developmental defects and death. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increased sensitivity (compared to wild-type) to the toxic effects of some specified chemical. The phrase 'toxic effects' here refers to reversible effects such as inebriation and sedation as well as sustained damage, developmental defects and death. radiation resistant FBcv:0000441 Phenotype that is a decreased tendency for radiation exposure to cause toxic effects. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decreased tendency for radiation exposure to cause toxic effects. radiation sensitive FBcv:0000442 Phenotype that is an increased tendency for radiation exposure to cause toxic effects. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increased tendency for radiation exposure to cause toxic effects. Minute Dominant phenotype consisting of short slender bristles and delayed development. Homozygotes are cell lethal. FBcv:0000443 The phenotype may be a general result of mutations in essential components of the protein synthesis pathyway, as a number of Minutes encode ribosomal proteins. In an animal that is heterozygous for a Minute mutation, cells with two wild-type alleles of the affected gene have a growth advantage. Many developmental studies take advantage of this fact to give somatic clones a growth advantage. The term 'Minute' should not be used to annotate the resulting phenotypes. phenotypic_class Dominant phenotype consisting of short slender bristles and delayed development. Homozygotes are cell lethal. FlyBase:FBrf0066905 hyperplasia FBcv:0000444 Phenotype that is an increase in size of a tissue or organ due to increased numbers of cells, where the affected tissue or organ maintains its normal form. hyperplastic phenotypic_class ISBN:9780198506737 Phenotype that is an increase in size of a tissue or organ due to increased numbers of cells, where the affected tissue or organ maintains its normal form. tumorigenic FBcv:0000445 Phenotype that is characterized by the formation of abnormal masses of tissue (tumors) as the result of neoplasia. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is characterized by the formation of abnormal masses of tissue (tumors) as the result of neoplasia. melanotic mass phenotype FBcv:0000446 Melanotic capsules are formed around foreign bodies in wild-type animals as part of the immune response, for example as a protection against parasitoid wasps. Some, but not all melanotic mass phenotypes involve ectopic activation of this immmune response. While melanotic masses are commonly referred to as melanotic tumors in the historical listerature, this is a misnomer as they are rarely neoplastic. Phenotype characterized by the formation of lumps of melanotic tissue inside the body in the absence of foreign bodies. melanotic 'tumor' phenotypic_class FlyBase:FBrf0094387 FlyBase:FBrf0194475 Phenotype characterized by the formation of lumps of melanotic tissue inside the body in the absence of foreign bodies. melanotic necrosis FBcv:0000447 Phenotype characterized by closely associated necrosis and melanization. phenotypic_class FlyBase:FBrf0155704 Phenotype characterized by closely associated necrosis and melanization. immune response defective FBcv:0000448 Phenotype that is a defect in immune response (GO:0006955). 'immune response' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006955' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in immune response (GO:0006955). 'immune response' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006955' planar polarity defective FBcv:0000449 For apical-basal polarity phenotypes of epithelia, the appropriate term is 'cell polarity defective'. Phenotype that is a defect in establishment of planar polarity (GO:0001736). 'establishment of planar polarity' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0001736' phenotypic_class tissue polarity defective GOC:dph Phenotype that is a defect in establishment of planar polarity (GO:0001736). 'establishment of planar polarity' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0001736' developmental rate defective A more complete formalisation would require a clause specifying stage. It might be possible to do this in OWL using the same system as we are using for lethal phase. FBcv:0000450 Phenotype that is a change in the rate of some developmental process (GO:0032502) taking place prior to mature adulthood (defined as adult stage A3), compared to wild-type. Note, developmental processes include stages in development of the whole animal (e.g.- larval development) as well as specific sub-processes, such as dorsal closure. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a change in the rate of some developmental process (GO:0032502) taking place prior to mature adulthood (defined as adult stage A3), compared to wild-type. Note, developmental processes include stages in development of the whole animal (e.g.- larval development) as well as specific sub-processes, such as dorsal closure. wound healing defective FBcv:0000451 Phenotype that is a defect in wound healing (GO:0042060). 'wound healing' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042060' phenotypic_class GOC:bf PMID:15269788 Phenotype that is a defect in wound healing (GO:0042060). 'wound healing' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042060' body size defective FBcv:0000665 Phenotype that is an abnormality in body size compared to wild-type animals raised under the same conditions as the animals exhibiting the phenotype. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an abnormality in body size compared to wild-type animals raised under the same conditions as the animals exhibiting the phenotype. cell adhesion defective FBcv:0000668 Phenotype that is a defect in cell adhesion (GO:0007155). 'cell adhesion' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007155' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in cell adhesion (GO:0007155). 'cell adhesion' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007155' hatching behavior defective FBcv:0000669 Phenotype that is a defect in hatching behavior (GO:0035187). 'hatching behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0035187' hatching behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in hatching behavior (GO:0035187). 'hatching behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0035187' eclosion defective FBcv:0000670 Phenotype that is a defect in eclosion (GO:0007562). 'eclosion' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007562' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in eclosion (GO:0007562). 'eclosion' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007562' cell cycle defective FBcv:0000671 Phenotype that is a defect in cell cycle (GO:0007049). 'cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007049' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in cell cycle (GO:0007049). 'cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007049' endomitotic cell cycle defective FBcv:0000672 Phenotype that is a defect in endomitotic cell cycle (GO:0007113). 'endomitotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007113' endocycle defective phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in endomitotic cell cycle (GO:0007113). 'endomitotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007113' circadian behavior defective 2009-11-30T11:06:35Z FBcv:0000679 Phenotype that is a defect in circadian behavior (GO:0048512). 'circadian behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0048512' djs93 phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in circadian behavior (GO:0048512). 'circadian behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0048512' proboscis extension reflex defective FBcv:0000680 Phenotype that is a defect in proboscis extension reflex (GO:0007637). 'proboscis extension reflex' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007637' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in proboscis extension reflex (GO:0007637). 'proboscis extension reflex' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007637' sensory perception defective 2010-02-23T12:28:26Z FBcv:0000681 Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception (GO:0007600). 'sensory perception' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007600' djs93 phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception (GO:0007600). 'sensory perception' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007600' touch perception defective FBcv:0000682 Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of touch (GO:0050975). 'sensory perception of touch' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050975' phenotypic_class touch perception defective FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of touch (GO:0050975). 'sensory perception of touch' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050975' temperature response defective 2010-02-23T12:51:02Z FBcv:0000683 Phenotype that is a defect in response to temperature stimulus (GO:0009266). 'response to temperature stimulus' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009266' djs93 phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to temperature stimulus (GO:0009266). 'response to temperature stimulus' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009266' cold stress response defective 2010-02-23T02:11:27Z FBcv:0000684 Phenotype that is a defect in response to cold (GO:0009409). 'response to cold' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009409' djs93 phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to cold (GO:0009409). 'response to cold' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009409' axis specification defective FBcv:0000686 Phenotype that is a defect in axis specification (GO:0009798). 'axis specification' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009798' This phenotypic class does not encompass planar polarity. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in axis specification (GO:0009798). 'axis specification' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009798' embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype A phenotype that is a disruption in the wild-type pattern of segments or parasegments of the embryo or larva. Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. FBcv:0000698 phenotypic_class A phenotype that is a disruption in the wild-type pattern of segments or parasegments of the embryo or larva. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 pair rule phenotype Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of alternate segments or parasegments. FBcv:0000699 phenotypic_class Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of alternate segments or parasegments. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 even pair-rule phenotype Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of even segments. FBcv:0000700 phenotypic_class Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of even segments. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 odd pair-rule phenotype Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of odd segments. FBcv:0000701 phenotypic_class Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of odd segments. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 segment polarity phenotype Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype in which some fraction of each segment (along the anterior-posterior axis) is deleted and replaced by a mirror image duplication of the remaining part of the segment. FBcv:0000702 phenotypic_class Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype in which some fraction of each segment (along the anterior-posterior axis) is deleted and replaced by a mirror image duplication of the remaining part of the segment. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 gap phenotype Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete loss of a contiguous stretch of 2 or more segments. FBcv:0000703 phenotypic_class Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete loss of a contiguous stretch of 2 or more segments. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 sleep defective 2010-09-20T12:06:13Z FBcv:0000705 Phenotype that is a defect in sleep (GO:0030431). 'sleep' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0030431' djs93 phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sleep (GO:0030431). 'sleep' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0030431' diapause defective 2010-09-20T12:06:28Z FBcv:0000706 Phenotype that is a defect in entry into diapause (GO:0055115). 'entry into diapause' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0055115' djs93 phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in entry into diapause (GO:0055115). 'entry into diapause' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0055115' reproductive diapause defective 2010-09-20T12:21:29Z FBcv:0000707 Phenotype that is a defect in entry into reproductive diapause (GO:0055116). 'entry into reproductive diapause' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0055116' djs93 phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in entry into reproductive diapause (GO:0055116). 'entry into reproductive diapause' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0055116' starvation stress response defective FBcv:0000708 Phenotype that is a defect in response to starvation (GO:0042594). 'response to starvation' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042594' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to starvation (GO:0042594). 'response to starvation' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042594' cell number defective FBcv:0000709 Phenotype that is an increase or decrease in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by defects in cell growth - there may be a greater or lesser number of cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase or decrease in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by defects in cell growth - there may be a greater or lesser number of cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. jumpless 2011-03-10T04:57:06Z FBcv:0000713 Phenotype that is a inability to jump. This may be due to neurological or muscular defects. djs93 phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a inability to jump. This may be due to neurological or muscular defects. cell migration defective FBcv:0000716 Phenotype that is a defect in cell migration (GO:0016477). 'cell migration' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0016477' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in cell migration (GO:0016477). 'cell migration' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0016477' increased cell growth FBcv:0000717 Phenotype that is an increase in the rate of cell growth (GO:0016049) in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in the rate of cell growth (GO:0016049) in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. decreased cell growth FBcv:0000718 Phenotype that is an decrease in the rate of cell growth (GO:0016049) in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an decrease in the rate of cell growth (GO:0016049) in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. atrophy 2011-03-10T05:59:04Z FBcv:0000719 Phenotype that is a decrease in size of an initially normally sized organ or tissue due to wasting away of cells. djs93 phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decrease in size of an initially normally sized organ or tissue due to wasting away of cells. jump response defective 2011-03-11T08:03:28Z FBcv:0000720 Phenotype that is a defect or in or absence of a jump response (GO:0007630). The jump response in Drosophila is a reflex escape response that can be triggered by a number of signals including odor and light. Standard assays are commonly used to test odor and light induced jump response. djs93 phenotypic_class FlyBase:FBrf0187887 FlyBase:FBrf0191819 Phenotype that is a defect or in or absence of a jump response (GO:0007630). The jump response in Drosophila is a reflex escape response that can be triggered by a number of signals including odor and light. Standard assays are commonly used to test odor and light induced jump response. mating behavior defective FBcv:0000721 Phenotype that is a defect in mating behavior (GO:0007617). 'mating behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007617' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in mating behavior (GO:0007617). 'mating behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007617' neoplasia FBcv:0000723 Phenotype that consists of abnormal growth of a tissue or organ due to increased numbers of cells, but in which the affected tissue or organ does not maintain its normal form. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that consists of abnormal growth of a tissue or organ due to increased numbers of cells, but in which the affected tissue or organ does not maintain its normal form. hypoplasia FBcv:0000724 Phenotype that is a reduction in size of an organ or tissue compared to wild-type due to reduced numbers of cells being produced during its development or growth. This term should not be used where an organ or tissue is reduced in size due to the wasting away of existing cells. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a reduction in size of an organ or tissue compared to wild-type due to reduced numbers of cells being produced during its development or growth. oxidative stress response defective FBcv:0000725 Phenotype that is a defect in response to oxidative stress (GO:0006979). 'response to oxidative stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006979' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to oxidative stress (GO:0006979). 'response to oxidative stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006979' terminal phenotype 2011-09-13T02:31:53Z Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of terminal regions of the embryo/larva: the acron, telson and immediately adjacent segments. FBcv:0000734 djs93 phenotypic_class Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of terminal regions of the embryo/larva: the acron, telson and immediately adjacent segments. FBC:DOS delayed aging A phenotype in which the aging process (GO:0007568) is slower than in wild-type. FBcv:0000791 phenotypic_class A phenotype in which the aging process (GO:0007568) is slower than in wild-type. FBC:DOC premature aging A phenotype in which the aging process (GO:0007568) is accelerated compared to wild-type. FBcv:0000792 phenotypic_class A phenotype in which the aging process (GO:0007568) is accelerated compared to wild-type. FBC:DOC endocytosis defective FBcv:0001324 Phenotype that is a defect in endocytosis (GO:0006897). 'endocytosis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006897' phenotypic_class FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in endocytosis (GO:0006897). 'endocytosis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006897' exocytosis defective FBcv:0001325 phenotypic_class phenotype A defect in or loss of some anatomical structure or biological process compared to wild-type. FBcv:0001347 The subclasses of this term classify Drosophila phenotypes into different common categories. They have been chosen by FlyBase to reflect phenotype terms most often reported by Drosophila researchers in the published literature. phenotypic class phenotypic_class A defect in or loss of some anatomical structure or biological process compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS lethal - all die before end of P-stage 98 98 lethal - all die before end of pharate adult stage As the P-Stage and the 'pharate adult stage' have the same end, there is no need for a seprate term for 'lethal - all die before end of pharate adult stage. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages prior to eclosion from the pupal case (the end of the P-stage). A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages prior to eclosion from the pupal case (the end of the P-stage). FBC:DOS lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the first instar larval stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the first instar larval stage. lethal - all die before end of larval stage 98 98 As the larval stage and third instar larval stage have the same end, there is no need for a separate term for 'lethal - all die before end of third instar larval stage'. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the larval stage. lethal - all die before end of third instar larval stage FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the larval stage. lethal - all die before end of second instar larval stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the second instar larval stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the second instar larval stage. increased mortality 5 5 A phenotype that is an increase in the rate of death in a population at any stage of life (during development or adulthood), over the rate seen in a wild type control population. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype that is an increase in the rate of death in a population at any stage of life (during development or adulthood), over the rate seen in a wild type control population. lethal - all die during P-stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the P-stage. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the P-stage. FBC:DOS lethal - all die during first instar larval stage 98 98 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. lethal - all die during larval stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the larval stage. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the larval stage. FBC:DOS lethal - all die during second instar larval stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. lethal - all die during third instar larval stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. FBC:DOS majority die during P-stage 50 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the P-stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the P-stage. majority die during first instar larval stage 50 50 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. FBC:DOS majority die during larval stage 50 50 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the larval stage. A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the larval stage. FBC:DOS majority die during second instar larval stage 50 50 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. FBC:DOS majority die during third instar larval stage 50 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. FBC:DOS partially lethal 5 98 5 98 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant proportion of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:KM A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant proportion of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS increased mortality during development 5 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS some die during P-stage 5 5 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the P-stage. A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the P-stage. FBC:DOS some die during first instar larval stage 5 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. FBC:DOS some die during second instar larval stage 5 5 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. some die during larval stage 5 5 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the larval stage. FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the larval stage. some die during third instar larval stage 5 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. FBC:DOS lethal - all die during pharate adult stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. lethal - all die before end of prepupal stage 98 98 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the prepupal stage. FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the prepupal stage. lethal - all die before end of pupal stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the pupal stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the pupal stage. lethal - all die during pupal stage 98 98 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the pupal stage. FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the pupal stage. lethal - all die during prepupal stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the prepupal stage. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the prepupal stage. FBC:DOS lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage 98 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the embryonic stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the embryonic stage. lethal - all die during embryonic stage 98 98 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the embryonic stage. FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the embryonic stage. Need to add local reflexivity to part_of for this to work. And really need to be using continuant part of. 98 majority die during pupal stage 50 50 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the pupal stage. FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the pupal stage. majority die during prepupal stage 50 50 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the prepual stage. A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the prepual stage. FBC:DOS majority die during pharate adult stage 50 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. majority die during embryonic stage 50 50 phenotypic_class This term is agnostic about whether any survive to adulthood. A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the embryonic stage. A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the embryonic stage. FBC:DOS some die during pharate adult stage 5 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. some die during pupal stage 5 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the pupal stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the pupal stage. some die during prepupal stage 5 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the prepual stage. phenotypic_class FBC:DOS A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the prepual stage. some die during embryonic stage 5 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the embryonic stage. phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death a significant proportion of animals in that population during the embryonic stage. FBC:DOS lethal - all die during immature adult stage 98 98 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). FBC:DOS majority die during immature adult stage 50 50 phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). FBC:DOS some die during immature adult stage 5 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant number of animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). phenotypic_class A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant number of animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). FBC:DOS developmental stage 2009-10-01T05:56:56Z A temporal subdivision of a developmental process. FBdv:00005259 FBdv:00007010 FlyBase_development_CV djs93 A temporal subdivision of a developmental process. FBC:DOS embryonic stage FBdv:00005289 FlyBase_development_CV Temporal ordering number - 20. The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from fertilisation to hatching. FBC:DOS The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from fertilisation to hatching. larval stage FBdv:00005336 FlyBase_development_CV Temporal ordering number - 400. The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from hatching to the beginning of puparium formation. FBC:DOS The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from hatching to the beginning of puparium formation. first instar larval stage FBdv:00005337 FlyBase_development_CV L1 Temporal ordering number - 410. The first larval instar begins at hatching and ends at the first larval molt. Anterior spiracles are not yet present; posterior spiracles have two openings each. Salivary glands are very small and all cells are uniform in size. Mouth hooks typically have one tooth. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 25 hours (24-49 hours after egg laying; 0-25 hours after hatching). first instar larva FlyBase:FBrf0007733 The first larval instar begins at hatching and ends at the first larval molt. Anterior spiracles are not yet present; posterior spiracles have two openings each. Salivary glands are very small and all cells are uniform in size. Mouth hooks typically have one tooth. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 25 hours (24-49 hours after egg laying; 0-25 hours after hatching). second instar larval stage FBdv:00005338 FlyBase_development_CV L2 Temporal ordering number - 420. The second larval instar begins at the first larval molt and ends at the second larval molt. Larvae are actively feeding and crawling in the food. Distinct anterior spiracles are present as enlargements at the end of the tracheal trunk, but not open to the outside; posterior spiracles have three openings each, and four groups of small unbranched hairs. The salivary glands extend to the first abdominal segment, and have cells that are uniform in size. Mouth hooks typically have two or three teeth. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 23 hours (49-72 hours after egg laying; 25-48 hours after hatching). second instar larva FlyBase:FBrf0007733 The second larval instar begins at the first larval molt and ends at the second larval molt. Larvae are actively feeding and crawling in the food. Distinct anterior spiracles are present as enlargements at the end of the tracheal trunk, but not open to the outside; posterior spiracles have three openings each, and four groups of small unbranched hairs. The salivary glands extend to the first abdominal segment, and have cells that are uniform in size. Mouth hooks typically have two or three teeth. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 23 hours (49-72 hours after egg laying; 25-48 hours after hatching). third instar larval stage FBdv:00005339 FlyBase_development_CV L3 Temporal ordering number - 430. The third larval instar begins at the second larval molt and ends at puparium formation. Anterior spiracles are open to the outside; posterior spiracles have three openings each, and four groups of large branched hairs. The salivary glands extend to the second abdominal segment, with cells larger in the posterior than in the anterior of the gland. Mouth hooks typically have 9-12 teeth. About 24 hours before pupariation (at 25 degree C), larvae stop feeding and climb away from their food. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 48 hours (72-120 hours after egg laying; 48-96 hours after hatching). third instar larva FlyBase:FBrf0007733 The third larval instar begins at the second larval molt and ends at puparium formation. Anterior spiracles are open to the outside; posterior spiracles have three openings each, and four groups of large branched hairs. The salivary glands extend to the second abdominal segment, with cells larger in the posterior than in the anterior of the gland. Mouth hooks typically have 9-12 teeth. About 24 hours before pupariation (at 25 degree C), larvae stop feeding and climb away from their food. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 48 hours (72-120 hours after egg laying; 48-96 hours after hatching). prepupal stage FBdv:00005342 FlyBase_development_CV Temporal ordering number - 500. The prepupal stage begins at puparium formation and ends when larval/pupal apolysis is complete, as indicated by the completion of imaginal head sac eversion and the expulsion of the oral armature of the larva. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 12 hours. (120-132.2 hours after egg laying; 0-12.2 hours after puparium formation). FlyBase:FBrf0036849 FlyBase:FBrf0048355 The prepupal stage begins at puparium formation and ends when larval/pupal apolysis is complete, as indicated by the completion of imaginal head sac eversion and the expulsion of the oral armature of the larva. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 12 hours. (120-132.2 hours after egg laying; 0-12.2 hours after puparium formation). pupal stage FBdv:00005349 FlyBase_development_CV Temporal ordering number - 570. DISAMBIGUATION: In Drosophila lab vernacular, the term 'pupal stage' is often used to refer to the entire period from formation of the puparium to eclosion. However, this does not correspond to the standard usage of 'pupal stage' for Cyclorrhaphous flies (for discussion see: FBrf0087128). Briefly: formation of the puparium (hardening of the larval cuticle) marks the beginning of the pre-pupal stage. The pupal stage begins following pupal/larval apolysis - detachment of the larval epidermis from the puparium. In Drosophila, the outward sign of the completion of apolysis is the eversion of the head and expulsion of the larval mouthparts (FBrf0036849). We use P-stage to refer to the stage from pupariation to eclosion, and restrict pupal stage to its standard usage. The pupal stage starts once larval/pupal apolysis is complete as indicated by the expulsion of the larval armature. Early in this stage, the legs and wings reach full extension along the abdomen. The stage ends when the pupal cuticle separates from the underlying epidermis (pupal/adult apolysis), and the eye cup becomes yellow at its periphery. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 32 hours. (132.2-164.3 hours after egg laying; 12.2-44.3 hours after puparium formation). phanerocephalic pupa FlyBase:FBrf0036849 FlyBase:FBrf0048355 The pupal stage starts once larval/pupal apolysis is complete as indicated by the expulsion of the larval armature. Early in this stage, the legs and wings reach full extension along the abdomen. The stage ends when the pupal cuticle separates from the underlying epidermis (pupal/adult apolysis), and the eye cup becomes yellow at its periphery. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 32 hours. (132.2-164.3 hours after egg laying; 12.2-44.3 hours after puparium formation). FlyBase:FBrf0036849 phanerocephalic pupa adult stage FBdv:00005369 FlyBase_development_CV Temporal ordering number - 770. The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from eclosion to death. FBC:DOS The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from eclosion to death. adult stage A1 FBdv:00005370 FBdv:00005373 FlyBase_development_CV Newly eclosed adult stage. Animal free of pupal case. Runs rapidly to find site for wing expansion. Wings are folded back and black against a very pale abdomen. Temporal ordering number - 785. The time at which eclosed flies settle down for wing expansion can vary greatly. If they fail to find a suitable site then expansion can be delayed by several hours. adult stage I FlyBase:FBrf0049147 Newly eclosed adult stage. Animal free of pupal case. Runs rapidly to find site for wing expansion. Wings are folded back and black against a very pale abdomen. adult stage A2 FBdv:00005371 FBdv:00005374 FlyBase_development_CV Stage, shortly after eclosion, during which the wings expand. During wing expansion, the abdomen pulsates and the hind legs stroke the wings vigorously for several minutes at a time. The stage ends when the wings are folded down over the abdomen, which has become broader and shorter, and the wing cuticle has lost its folds. The stage lasts around 15 minutes at 25'C. Temporal ordering number - 790. adult stage II FlyBase:FBrf0049147 Stage, shortly after eclosion, during which the wings expand. During wing expansion, the abdomen pulsates and the hind legs stroke the wings vigorously for several minutes at a time. The stage ends when the wings are folded down over the abdomen, which has become broader and shorter, and the wing cuticle has lost its folds. The stage lasts around 15 minutes at 25'C. pharate adult stage FBdv:00006011 FlyBase_development_CV Temporal ordering number - 625. The developing adult after pupal-adult apolysis , i.e.- from stage P8 (when yellow eye color first becomes visible through the pupal case), to eclosion. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 55.7 hours (164.3-220 hours after egg laying; 44.3-100 hours after puparium formation). FlyBase:FBrf0036849 FlyBase:FBrf0048355 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 The developing adult after pupal-adult apolysis , i.e.- from stage P8 (when yellow eye color first becomes visible through the pupal case), to eclosion. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 55.7 hours (164.3-220 hours after egg laying; 44.3-100 hours after puparium formation). adult stage A3 Adult stage immediately after wing expansion, during which tanning of the cuticle is completed. This stage lasts approximately 45 minutes at 25'C. FBdv:00005375 FBdv:00006012 FlyBase_development_CV Temporal ordering number - 800. adult stage III Adult stage immediately after wing expansion, during which tanning of the cuticle is completed. This stage lasts approximately 45 minutes at 25'C. FlyBase:FBrf0049147 P-stage 2008-06-05T04:51:40Z FBdv:00007001 FlyBase_development_CV Temporal ordering number - 490. DISAMBIGUATION: In Drosophila lab vernacular, the term 'pupal stage' is often used to refer to the entire period from formation of the puparium to eclosion. However, this does not correspond to the standard usage of 'pupal stage' for Cyclorrhaphous flies (for discussion see: FBrf0087128). Briefly: formation of the puparium (hardening of the larval cuticle) marks the beginning of the pre-pupal stage. The pupal stage begins following pupal/larval apolysis - detachment of the larval epidermis from the puparium. In Drosophila, the outward sign of the completion of apolysis is the eversion of the head an expulsion of the larval mouthparts (FBrf0036849). We use P-stage to refer to the stage from pupariation to eclosion, and restrict pupal stage to its standard usage. The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from the formation of the puparium (beginning of the prepupal stage) to eclosion. david metamorphosis pupal stage FBC:DOS The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from the formation of the puparium (beginning of the prepupal stage) to eclosion. life stage 2009-10-01T05:59:22Z A temporal subdivision of a Drosophila life, delimited by major transitions in the circumstances of the organism, such as: fertilisation; hatching; pupal ecdysis; eclosion. FBdv:00007012 FlyBase_development_CV djs93 life cycle stage A temporal subdivision of a Drosophila life, delimited by major transitions in the circumstances of the organism, such as: fertilisation; hatching; pupal ecdysis; eclosion. FBC:DOS immature adult stage 2013-01-08T20:06:59Z FBdv:00007025 FlyBase_development_CV Temporal ordering number - 782. The developmental stage that lasts from eclosion of the adult from the pupal case until tanning is complete (the end of adult stage A3). djs93 FBC:DOS The developmental stage that lasts from eclosion of the adult from the pupal case until tanning is complete (the end of adult stage A3). mature adult stage 2013-01-10T13:03:54Z FBdv:00007026 FlyBase_development_CV Life stage from the end of adult stage A3, when tanning is complete, to death. djs93 FBC:DOS Life stage from the end of adult stage A3, when tanning is complete, to death. reproduction GO:0000003 GO:0019952 GO:0050876 The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms. Wikipedia:Reproduction biological_process reproductive physiological process GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete GOC:jl ISBN:0198506732 The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms. mitotic cell cycle GO:0000278 Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent. Reactome:REACT_100451 Reactome:REACT_104035 Reactome:REACT_104195 Reactome:REACT_105856 Reactome:REACT_108233 Reactome:REACT_152 Reactome:REACT_28464 Reactome:REACT_28953 Reactome:REACT_33388 Reactome:REACT_53493 Reactome:REACT_79085 Reactome:REACT_84794 Reactome:REACT_85137 Reactome:REACT_85950 Reactome:REACT_90332 Reactome:REACT_90846 Reactome:REACT_96281 Reactome:REACT_97744 Reactome:REACT_98208 biological_process Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_79085 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_33388 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_98208 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_97744 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_96281 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_152 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_85950 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_108233 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_105856 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_104035 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_90846 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_100451 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_104195 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_28464 GOC:mah ISBN:0815316194 Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent. Reactome:69278 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_84794 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_85137 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_90332 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_28953 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_53493 cytokinesis GO:0000910 GO:0007104 GO:0016288 GO:0033205 Note that when annotating eukaryotic species, mitotic or meiotic cytokinesis should always be specified for manual annotation and for prokaryotic species use 'FtsZ-dependent cytokinesis ; GO:0043093' or Cdv-dependent cytokinesis ; GO:0061639. Also, note that cytokinesis does not necessarily result in physical separation and detachment of the two daughter cells from each other. Reactome:REACT_101918 Reactome:REACT_108805 Reactome:REACT_1932 Reactome:REACT_30667 Reactome:REACT_32636 Reactome:REACT_78494 Reactome:REACT_84722 Reactome:REACT_87726 Reactome:REACT_92849 Reactome:REACT_93374 Reactome:REACT_94382 Reactome:REACT_98952 Reactome:REACT_99118 The division of the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of a cell and its partitioning into two daughter cells. Wikipedia:Cytokinesis biological_process cell cycle cytokinesis cytokinesis involved in cell cycle Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_101918 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_87726 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_98952 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_93374 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_94382 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_32636 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_30667 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_78494 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_99118 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_92849 GOC:dph GOC:tb cytokinesis involved in cell cycle Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_108805 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_84722 GOC:mtg_cell_cycle The division of the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of a cell and its partitioning into two daughter cells. Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_1932 establishment of planar polarity Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates. GO:0001736 biological_process establishment of planar cell polarity Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates. GOC:dph morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium GO:0001738 The morphogenetic process in which the anatomical structures of a polarized epithelium are generated and organized. A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis. biological_process epithelial polarization GOC:dph epithelial polarization GOC:dph The morphogenetic process in which the anatomical structures of a polarized epithelium are generated and organized. A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis. morphogenesis of an epithelium GO:0002009 The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube. biological_process epithelium morphogenesis GOC:dph GOC:jl GOC:tb ISBN:0198506732 The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube. immune system process Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. GO:0002376 Note that this term is a direct child of 'biological_process ; GO:0008150' because some immune system processes are types of cellular process (GO:0009987), whereas others are types of multicellular organism process (GO:0032501). This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. Wikipedia:Immune_system biological_process Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. GOC:add GOC:mtg_15nov05 GO_REF:0000022 regionalization GO:0003002 The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of an axis or axes in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment. biological_process pattern formation GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of an axis or axes in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment. GOC:dph pattern formation developmental process involved in reproduction A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. GO:0003006 biological_process puberty reproductive developmental process GOC:dph GOC:tb reproductive developmental process A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:dph puberty system process A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective. GO:0003008 biological_process organ system process A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective. GOC:mtg_cardio cellular_component GO:0005575 GO:0008372 NIF_Subcellular:sao-1337158144 NIF_Subcellular:sao1337158144 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the cellular component ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose cellular component is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the cellular component of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. cell or subcellular entity cellular component cellular_component subcellular entity GOC:go_curators NIF_Subcellular:sao-1337158144 The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_100315 subcellular entity cell GO:0005623 NIF_Subcellular:sao1813327414 The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. Wikipedia:Cell_(biology) cellular_component GOC:go_curators The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. GO:0006139 GO:0055134 biological_process cellular nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process cellular nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. GOC:ai GOC:dph GOC:tb nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process DNA metabolic process Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides. DNA metabolism GO:0006259 GO:0055132 biological_process cellular DNA metabolism Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides. ISBN:0198506732 DNA repair GO:0006281 Reactome:REACT_102034 Reactome:REACT_106650 Reactome:REACT_107446 Reactome:REACT_107692 Reactome:REACT_107752 Reactome:REACT_108864 Reactome:REACT_108881 Reactome:REACT_108903 Reactome:REACT_109956 Reactome:REACT_115642 Reactome:REACT_115836 Reactome:REACT_127 Reactome:REACT_216 Reactome:REACT_29531 Reactome:REACT_29636 Reactome:REACT_78051 Reactome:REACT_82907 Reactome:REACT_83608 Reactome:REACT_83660 Reactome:REACT_84835 Reactome:REACT_85522 Reactome:REACT_86513 Reactome:REACT_86902 Reactome:REACT_88201 Reactome:REACT_88946 Reactome:REACT_89524 Reactome:REACT_90385 Reactome:REACT_90952 Reactome:REACT_91094 Reactome:REACT_91330 Reactome:REACT_91442 Reactome:REACT_91576 Reactome:REACT_92707 Reactome:REACT_93704 Reactome:REACT_94204 Reactome:REACT_94769 Reactome:REACT_95050 Reactome:REACT_95158 Reactome:REACT_96052 Reactome:REACT_96452 Reactome:REACT_99277 The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. Wikipedia:DNA_repair biological_process DNA Damage Reversal, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_99277 DNA Repair, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_90385 DNA Damage Reversal, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_106650 DNA Repair, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_216 Fanconi Anemia Pathway in DNA repair, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_115836 DNA Damage Reversal, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_108864 DNA Damage Reversal, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_88946 DNA Repair, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_86902 DNA Repair, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_92707 DNA Repair, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_86513 DNA repair, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_115642 DNA Damage Reversal, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_91576 DNA Repair, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_93704 DNA Damage Reversal, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_89524 DNA Repair, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_82907 DNA Damage Reversal, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_84835 DNA Repair, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_107446 DNA Damage Reversal, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_90952 DNA Damage Reversal, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_83608 DNA Repair, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_91442 DNA Repair, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_85522 DNA Damage Reversal, Staphylococcus aureus N315 Reactome:REACT_29636 DNA Repair, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_94769 DNA Damage Reversal, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_108881 DNA Damage Reversal, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_107692 DNA Repair, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_91094 DNA Repair, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_88201 DNA Repair, Escherichia coli Reactome:REACT_83660 DNA Repair, Staphylococcus aureus N315 Reactome:REACT_102034 DNA Repair, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_107752 DNA Damage Reversal, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_127 DNA Repair, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_91330 DNA Damage Reversal, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_96452 DNA Repair, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_94204 DNA Damage Reversal, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_95158 DNA Repair, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_96052 DNA Damage Reversal, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_78051 DNA Damage Reversal, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_29531 DNA Repair, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_109956 DNA Damage Reversal, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_95050 DNA Repair, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_108903 PMID:11563486 The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. cellular aromatic compound metabolic process GO:0006725 The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells. aromatic compound metabolism aromatic hydrocarbon metabolic process aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism biological_process GOC:ai ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells. nitrogen compound metabolic process GO:0006807 Note that amino acid and derivative metabolism should not be annotated here. Instead use the 'amino acid and derivative metabolism' node. The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium. biological_process nitrogen compound metabolism CHEBI:51143 GOC:go_curators GOC:jl ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium. transport GO:0006810 GO:0015457 GO:0015460 The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. auxiliary transport protein activity biological_process small molecule transport solute:solute exchange transport accessory protein activity GOC:mah auxiliary transport protein activity GOC:mah transport accessory protein activity GOC:dph GOC:jl GOC:mah The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. exocytosis A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. This is the process in which most molecules are secreted from eukaryotic cells. GO:0006887 GO:0016194 GO:0016195 Wikipedia:Exocytosis biological_process nonselective vesicle exocytosis vesicle exocytosis A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. This is the process in which most molecules are secreted from eukaryotic cells. GOC:mah ISBN:0716731363 endocytosis A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. GO:0006897 GO:0016193 GO:0016196 Wikipedia:Endocytosis biological_process nonselective vesicle endocytosis plasma membrane invagination vesicle endocytosis A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. GOC:mah ISBN:0198506732 ISBN:0716731363 movement of cell or subcellular component GO:0006928 Note that in GO cellular components include whole cells (cell is_a cellular component). The directed, self-propelled movement of a cell or subcellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore. biological_process cell movement cellular component motion cellular component movement GOC:dph GOC:jl cellular component motion GOC:dgh GOC:dph GOC:jl GOC:mlg The directed, self-propelled movement of a cell or subcellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore. response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GO:0006950 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. biological_process response to abiotic stress response to biotic stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GOC:mah immune response Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. GO:0006955 This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was redefined and moved. biological_process Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. GOC:add GOC:mtg_15nov05 GO_REF:0000022 response to osmotic stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. GO:0006970 biological_process osmotic response osmotic stress response Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. GOC:jl cellular response to DNA damage stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism. DNA damage response GO:0006974 GO:0034984 biological_process cellular DNA damage response response to DNA damage stimulus response to genotoxic stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism. GOC:go_curators response to oxidative stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. GO:0006979 biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. GOC:jl PMID:12115731 cell cycle GO:0007049 The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. Wikipedia:Cell_cycle biological_process cell-division cycle GOC:go_curators GOC:mtg_cell_cycle The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. endomitotic cell cycle A mitotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are replicated and sister chromatids separate, but spindle formation, nuclear membrane breakdown and nuclear division do not occur, resulting in an increased number of chromosomes in the cell. GO:0007113 Note that this term should not be confused with 'abortive mitotic cell cycle ; GO:0033277'. Although abortive mitosis is sometimes called endomitosis, GO:0033277 refers to a process in which a mitotic spindle forms and chromosome separation begins. Wikipedia:Mitosis#Endomitosis biological_process endomitosis A mitotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are replicated and sister chromatids separate, but spindle formation, nuclear membrane breakdown and nuclear division do not occur, resulting in an increased number of chromosomes in the cell. GOC:curators GOC:dos GOC:expert_vm cell adhesion GO:0007155 The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. Wikipedia:Cell_adhesion biological_process cell adhesion molecule activity GOC:hb GOC:pf The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. establishment of tissue polarity Coordinated organization of groups of cells in a tissue, such that they all orient to similar coordinates. GO:0007164 biological_process Coordinated organization of groups of cells in a tissue, such that they all orient to similar coordinates. GOC:jid multicellular organismal development GO:0007275 Note that this term was 'developmental process'. The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). biological_process GOC:dph GOC:ems GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). pattern specification process Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. GO:0007389 biological_process pattern biosynthesis pattern formation Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete ISBN:0521436125 sex determination Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of sexual status of an individual organism. GO:0007530 Wikipedia:Sex-determination_system biological_process Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of sexual status of an individual organism. ISBN:0198506732 dosage compensation Compensating for the two-fold variation in X:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by a global activation or inactivation of all, or most of, genes on one or both of the X chromosomes. GO:0007549 Wikipedia:Dosage_compensation biological_process Compensating for the two-fold variation in X:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by a global activation or inactivation of all, or most of, genes on one or both of the X chromosomes. GOC:ems ISBN:0140512888 PMID:11498577 eclosion GO:0007562 The emergence of an adult insect from a pupa case. Wikipedia:Pupa#Emergence biological_process GOC:dgh GOC:dos GOC:mah ISBN:0198600461 The emergence of an adult insect from a pupa case. aging A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death (GO:0016265) and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). GO:0007568 GO:0016280 Wikipedia:Aging ageing biological_process A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death (GO:0016265) and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). GOC:PO_curators response to nutrient Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus. GO:0007584 biological_process nutritional response pathway response to nutrients Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus. GOC:go_curators sensory perception GO:0007600 The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. Wikipedia:Perception biological_process GOC:ai GOC:dph The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. sensory perception of sound GO:0007605 The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound. Wikipedia:Hearing_(sense) biological_process hearing perception of sound GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound. sensory perception of chemical stimulus GO:0007606 The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory chemical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. biological_process chemosensory perception GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory chemical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. sensory perception of smell GO:0007608 The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process. Wikipedia:Olfaction biological_process olfaction scent perception sense of smell smell perception GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process. http://www.onelook.com/ behavior GO:0007610 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli. Wikipedia:Behavior behavioral response to stimulus behaviour behavioural response to stimulus biological_process GOC:ems GOC:jl ISBN:0395448956 PMID:20160973 The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli. learning or memory GO:0007611 The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time. biological_process GOC:jid PMID:8938125 The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time. learning Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience. GO:0007612 Wikipedia:Learning biological_process Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience. ISBN:0582227089 ISBN:0721662544 memory GO:0007613 The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task). Wikipedia:Memory biological_process GOC:curators ISBN:0582227089 The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task). http://www.onelook.com/ mating behavior GO:0007617 The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes. Wikipedia:Mating_behaviour biological_process mating behaviour GOC:ai GOC:dph The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes. mating GO:0007618 The pairwise union of individuals for the purpose of sexual reproduction, ultimately resulting in the formation of zygotes. biological_process GOC:jl ISBN:0387520546 The pairwise union of individuals for the purpose of sexual reproduction, ultimately resulting in the formation of zygotes. courtship behavior GO:0007619 The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of attracting sexual partners. biological_process courtship behaviour GOC:ai GOC:dph The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of attracting sexual partners. rhythmic behavior GO:0007622 The specific behavior of an organism that recur with measured regularity. biological_process rhythmic behavioral response to stimulus rhythmic behaviour rhythmic behavioural response to stimulus GOC:jl GOC:pr The specific behavior of an organism that recur with measured regularity. circadian rhythm Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. GO:0007623 GO:0050895 Wikipedia:Circadian_rhythm biological_process circadian process circadian response response to circadian rhythm Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. GOC:bf GOC:go_curators grooming behavior GO:0007625 The specific behavior of an organism relating to grooming, cleaning and brushing to remove dirt and parasites. biological_process grooming behaviour GOC:jl GOC:pr The specific behavior of an organism relating to grooming, cleaning and brushing to remove dirt and parasites. locomotory behavior GO:0007626 The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions. behavior via locomotion biological_process locomotion in response to stimulus locomotory behavioral response to stimulus locomotory behaviour locomotory behavioural response to stimulus GOC:dph The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions. jump response GO:0007630 The sudden, usually upward, movement off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs, following exposure to an external stimulus. biological_process GOC:jid ISBN:0198606907 The sudden, usually upward, movement off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs, following exposure to an external stimulus. feeding behavior Behavior associated with the intake of food. GO:0007631 See also the biological process term 'behavior ; GO:0007610'. Wikipedia:List_of_feeding_behaviours behavioral response to food behavioural response to food biological_process drinking eating feeding behaviour Behavior associated with the intake of food. GOC:mah visual behavior GO:0007632 The behavior of an organism in response to a visual stimulus. behavioral response to visual stimulus behavioural response to visual stimulus biological_process visual behaviour GOC:jid GOC:pr The behavior of an organism in response to a visual stimulus. optokinetic behavior GO:0007634 The behavior of an organism pertaining to movement of the eyes and of objects in the visual field, as in nystagmus. biological_process optokinetic behaviour GOC:jid GOC:pr The behavior of an organism pertaining to movement of the eyes and of objects in the visual field, as in nystagmus. http://www.mercksource.com chemosensory behavior Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of chemicals. GO:0007635 behavioral response to chemical stimulus behavioural response to chemical stimulus biological_process chemosensory behaviour Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of chemicals. GOC:go_curators proboscis extension reflex GO:0007637 The extension, through direct muscle actions, of the proboscis (the trunk-like extension of the mouthparts on the adult external head) in response to a sugar stimulus. behavioral response to sugar stimulus, proboscis extension biological_process proboscis extension in response to sugar stimulus FB:FBrf0044924 GOC:jid The extension, through direct muscle actions, of the proboscis (the trunk-like extension of the mouthparts on the adult external head) in response to a sugar stimulus. male courtship behavior GO:0008049 GO:0016542 The behavior of a male, for the purpose of attracting a sexual partner. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. biological_process male courtship behaviour GOC:mtg_sensu GOC:pr The behavior of a male, for the purpose of attracting a sexual partner. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. eclosion rhythm GO:0008062 The timing of the emergence of the adult fly from its pupal case, which usually occurs at dawn. biological_process PMID:11715043 The timing of the emergence of the adult fly from its pupal case, which usually occurs at dawn. biological_process Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GO:0000004 GO:0007582 GO:0008150 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. Wikipedia:Biological_process biological process biological_process physiological process Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete metabolic process GO:0008152 Note that metabolic processes do not include single functions or processes such as protein-protein interactions, protein-nucleic acids, nor receptor-ligand interactions. The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. Wikipedia:Metabolism biological_process metabolic process resulting in cell growth metabolism metabolism resulting in cell growth GOC:go_curators ISBN:0198547684 The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. cell death Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as "apoptotic bodies"); and/or (3) its corpse (or its fragments) have been engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo. GO:0008219 This term should not be used for direct annotation. The only exception should be when experimental data (e.g., staining with trypan blue or propidium iodide) show that cell death has occurred, but fail to provide details on death modality (accidental versus programmed). When information is provided on the cell death mechanism, annotations should be made to the appropriate descendant of 'cell death' (such as, but not limited to, GO:0097300 'programmed necrotic cell death' or GO:0006915 'apoptotic process'). Also, if experimental data suggest that a gene product influences cell death indirectly, rather than being involved in the death process directly, consider annotating to a 'regulation' term. accidental cell death biological_process necrosis Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as "apoptotic bodies"); and/or (3) its corpse (or its fragments) have been engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo. GOC:mah GOC:mtg_apoptosis adult locomotory behavior GO:0008344 Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. See also the biological process term 'locomotory behavior ; GO:0007626'. adult locomotory behaviour biological_process GOC:ai Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. response to temperature stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus. GO:0009266 biological_process response to thermal stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus. GOC:hb response to radiation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. GO:0009314 Note that 'radiation' refers to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength. biological_process response to electromagnetic radiation stimulus response to radiation stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. GOC:jl Wikipedia:Electromagnetic_radiation response to heat Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. GO:0006951 GO:0009408 biological_process response to heat shock Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. GOC:lr response to cold Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism. GO:0009409 biological_process freezing tolerance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism. GOC:lr response to light stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. GO:0009416 biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. GOC:go_curators ISBN:0582227089 energy taxis GO:0009453 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. biological_process energytaxis taxis in response to energy source GOC:jl PMID:11029423 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. response to external stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. GO:0009605 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. biological_process response to environmental stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. GOC:hb response to wounding Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism. GO:0002245 GO:0009611 biological_process physiological response to wounding Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism. GOC:go_curators response to abiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. GO:0009628 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. biological_process response to abiotic stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. GOC:hb response to gravity Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus. GO:0009629 biological_process response to gravitational stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus. GOC:hb photoperiodism Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length, measured relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species. GO:0009648 Wikipedia:Photoperiodism biological_process response to day length response to night length response to photoperiod Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length, measured relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species. GOC:jid GOC:pj ISBN:0582015952 ISBN:0697037754 ISBN:0709408862 entrainment of circadian clock GO:0009649 The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light. biological_process regulation of circadian rhythm phase GOC:jid The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light. anatomical structure morphogenesis GO:0009653 The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. Wikipedia:Morphogenesis anatomical structure organization biological_process embryogenesis and morphogenesis morphogenesis GOC:go_curators ISBN:0521436125 The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. axis specification GO:0009798 The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or around a point. axis determination biological_process GOC:dph GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or around a point. tissue development GO:0009888 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Wikipedia:Histogenesis biological_process histogenesis histogenesis and organogenesis ISBN:0471245208 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. dorsal/ventral axis specification GO:0009950 The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. biological_process dorsal-ventral axis specification dorsal/ventral axis determination dorsoventral axis specification GOC:mah dorsal-ventral axis specification GOC:dph dorsal/ventral axis determination GOC:mah dorsoventral axis specification GOC:dph GOC:go_curators GOC:tb The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. dorsal/ventral pattern formation GO:0009953 The regionalization process in which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. biological_process dorsal-ventral pattern formation dorsal/ventral pattern specification dorsoventral pattern formation GOC:mah dorsal-ventral pattern formation GOC:mah dorsoventral pattern formation GOC:dph GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb The regionalization process in which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. cellular process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GO:0008151 GO:0009987 GO:0050875 biological_process cell growth and/or maintenance cell physiology cellular physiological process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete response to extracellular stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus. GO:0009991 biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus. GOC:go_curators membrane invagination GO:0010324 The infolding of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. biological_process GOC:tb The infolding of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. gene expression GO:0010467 Reactome:REACT_100537 Reactome:REACT_101147 Reactome:REACT_101952 Reactome:REACT_105649 Reactome:REACT_108313 Reactome:REACT_29068 Reactome:REACT_34240 Reactome:REACT_71 Reactome:REACT_78136 Reactome:REACT_78959 Reactome:REACT_79662 Reactome:REACT_85241 Reactome:REACT_85359 Reactome:REACT_86357 Reactome:REACT_89816 Reactome:REACT_91657 Reactome:REACT_91965 Reactome:REACT_93586 Reactome:REACT_93968 Reactome:REACT_94814 Reactome:REACT_98256 The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. Wikipedia:Gene_expression biological_process Gene Expression, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_94814 Gene Expression, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_105649 Gene Expression, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_100537 Gene Expression, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_79662 Gene Expression, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_89816 GOC:dph GOC:tb The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. Gene Expression, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_101147 Gene Expression, Escherichia coli Reactome:REACT_29068 Gene Expression, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_71 Gene Expression, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_85241 Gene Expression, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_86357 Gene Expression, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_91657 Gene Expression, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_98256 Gene Expression, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_93968 Gene Expression, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_93586 Gene Expression, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_108313 Gene Expression, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_78959 Gene Expression, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_91965 Gene Expression, Staphylococcus aureus N315 Reactome:REACT_34240 Gene Expression, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_85359 Gene Expression, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_78136 Gene Expression, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_101952 regulation of gene expression Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. GO:0010468 This class covers any process that regulates the rate of production of a mature gene product, and so includes processes that regulate that rate by regulating the level, stability or availability of intermediates in the process of gene expression. For example, it covers any process that regulates the level, stability or availabiliy of mRNA for translation and thereby regulates the rate of production of the encoded protein via translation. Wikipedia:Regulation_of_gene_expression biological_process regulation of gene product expression regulation of protein expression GOC:curators regulation of gene product expression Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. GOC:dph GOC:tb GOC:curators regulation of protein expression regulation of cell death Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death. GO:0010941 biological_process Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death. GOC:dph GOC:tb cellular component organization A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. GO:0016043 GO:0044235 GO:0071842 biological_process cell organisation cell organization and biogenesis cellular component organisation at cellular level cellular component organisation in other organism cellular component organization at cellular level cellular component organization in other organism GOC:mah cell organization and biogenesis A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. GOC:ai GOC:jl GOC:mah GOC:mah cellular component organisation in other organism GOC:mah cellular component organisation at cellular level cell growth GO:0016049 GO:0048591 The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. biological_process cell expansion cellular growth growth of cell metabolic process resulting in cell growth metabolism resulting in cell growth non-developmental cell growth non-developmental growth of a unicellular organism GOC:ai The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. GOC:mah non-developmental cell growth GOC:mah non-developmental growth of a unicellular organism vesicle-mediated transport A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. GO:0006899 GO:0016192 biological_process nonselective vesicle transport protein sorting along secretory pathway vesicle trafficking vesicle transport vesicular transport A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. GOC:ai GOC:mah ISBN:08789310662000 GOC:mah vesicular transport death A permanent cessation of all vital functions: the end of life; can be applied to a whole organism or to a part of an organism. GO:0016265 This term should not be used for direct manual annotation. Instead, consider selecting a child term of GO:0008219 'cell death' or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. Wikipedia:Death biological_process A permanent cessation of all vital functions: the end of life; can be applied to a whole organism or to a part of an organism. GOC:mah GOC:mtg_apoptosis ISBN:0877797099 cell migration GO:0016477 The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. Wikipedia:Cell_migration biological_process GOC:cjm GOC:dph GOC:ems GOC:pf The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_migration male courtship behavior, veined wing vibration GO:0016545 The process during courtship where the male insect vibrates his wings. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. biological_process male courtship behavior, wing vibration male courtship behaviour, veined wing vibration male courtship behaviour, wing vibration GOC:mtg_sensu PMID:11092827 The process during courtship where the male insect vibrates his wings. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. reproductive behavior GO:0019098 The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction. biological_process reproductive behaviour GOC:jl GOC:pr The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction. regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. GO:0019222 biological_process regulation of metabolism Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. GOC:go_curators sexual reproduction A reproduction process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms. It occurs both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes: in multicellular eukaryotic organisms, an individual is created anew; in prokaryotes, the initial cell has additional or transformed genetic material. In a process called genetic recombination, genetic material (DNA) originating from two different individuals (parents) join up so that homologous sequences are aligned with each other, and this is followed by exchange of genetic information. After the new recombinant chromosome is formed, it is passed on to progeny. GO:0019953 Sexual reproduction may be seen as the regular alternation, in the life cycle of haplontic, diplontic and diplohaplontic organisms, of meiosis and fertilization which provides for the production offspring. In diplontic organisms there is a life cycle in which the products of meiosis behave directly as gametes, fusing to form a zygote from which the diploid, or sexually reproductive polyploid, adult organism will develop. In diplohaplontic organisms a haploid phase (gametophyte) exists in the life cycle between meiosis and fertilization (e.g. higher plants, many algae and Fungi); the products of meiosis are spores that develop as haploid individuals from which haploid gametes develop to form a diploid zygote; diplohaplontic organisms show an alternation of haploid and diploid generations. In haplontic organisms meiosis occurs in the zygote, giving rise to four haploid cells (e.g. many algae and protozoa), only the zygote is diploid and this may form a resistant spore, tiding organisms over hard times. Wikipedia:Sexual_reproduction biological_process A reproduction process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms. It occurs both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes: in multicellular eukaryotic organisms, an individual is created anew; in prokaryotes, the initial cell has additional or transformed genetic material. In a process called genetic recombination, genetic material (DNA) originating from two different individuals (parents) join up so that homologous sequences are aligned with each other, and this is followed by exchange of genetic information. After the new recombinant chromosome is formed, it is passed on to progeny. GOC:jl ISBN:0387520546 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_reproduction cell cycle process GO:0022402 The cellular process that ensures successive accurate and complete genome replication and chromosome segregation. biological_process GOC:isa_complete GOC:mtg_cell_cycle The cellular process that ensures successive accurate and complete genome replication and chromosome segregation. reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. GO:0022414 biological_process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete biological adhesion GO:0022610 The attachment of a cell or organism to a substrate or other organism. biological_process GOC:isa_complete The attachment of a cell or organism to a substrate or other organism. dormancy process A developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. GO:0022611 In plants and animals, dormancy may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. In plants, dormancy may involve the formation of dormant buds, and may be preceded by the senescence of plant parts such as leaves in woody plants or most of the shoot system in herbaceous perennials. The exit from dormancy in vascular plants is marked by resumed growth of buds and/or growth of vascular cambium. biological_process multicellular organism dormancy process spore dormancy process GOC:PO_curators spore dormancy process A developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. GOC:PO_curators GOC:isa_complete PO_REF:00009 sleep Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity. Usually accompanied by physical relaxation, the onset of sleep in humans and other mammals is marked by a change in the electrical activity of the brain. GO:0030431 Wikipedia:Sleep biological_process diapause dormancy lethargus Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity. Usually accompanied by physical relaxation, the onset of sleep in humans and other mammals is marked by a change in the electrical activity of the brain. ISBN:0192800981 adult behavior Behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. GO:0030534 See also the biological process term 'behavior ; GO:0007610'. adult behavioral response to stimulus adult behaviour adult behavioural response to stimulus biological_process Behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. GOC:mah ISBN:0877797099 response to nutrient levels Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients. GO:0031667 biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients. GOC:mah multicellular organismal process Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. GO:0032501 GO:0050874 biological_process organismal physiological process Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. GOC:curators GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb developmental process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. GO:0032502 biological_process development A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. GOC:isa_complete multicellular organism reproduction GO:0032504 The biological process in which new individuals are produced by one or two multicellular organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. biological_process GOC:isa_complete GOC:jid The biological process in which new individuals are produced by one or two multicellular organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. secretion by cell GO:0032940 The controlled release of a substance by a cell. Wikipedia:Secretion biological_process cellular secretion GOC:mah The controlled release of a substance by a cell. multicellular organismal reproductive behavior GO:0033057 The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction in a multicellular organism. biological_process reproductive behavior in a multicellular organism GOC:curators reproductive behavior in a multicellular organism GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07 GOC:pr The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction in a multicellular organism. cellular response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GO:0033554 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GOC:mah multicellular organismal response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GO:0033555 biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GOC:mah cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process GO:0034641 Reactome:REACT_102000 Reactome:REACT_103710 Reactome:REACT_107293 Reactome:REACT_108179 Reactome:REACT_109042 Reactome:REACT_13 Reactome:REACT_28699 Reactome:REACT_29108 Reactome:REACT_32429 Reactome:REACT_33347 Reactome:REACT_34326 Reactome:REACT_55564 Reactome:REACT_77741 Reactome:REACT_82379 Reactome:REACT_86268 Reactome:REACT_90299 Reactome:REACT_91959 Reactome:REACT_93580 Reactome:REACT_95666 Reactome:REACT_98086 Reactome:REACT_99241 The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds, as carried out by individual cells. biological_process cellular nitrogen compound metabolism Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_98086 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_33347 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_91959 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_29108 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_95666 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_77741 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Staphylococcus aureus N315 Reactome:REACT_34326 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_108179 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_109042 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_13 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Escherichia coli Reactome:REACT_103710 GOC:mah The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds, as carried out by individual cells. Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_55564 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_28699 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_32429 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_86268 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_107293 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_82379 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_102000 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_99241 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_93580 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_90299 hatching behavior GO:0035187 The specific behavior of an organism during the emergence from an egg shell. In Drosophila for example, the larva swings its head reiteratively through a semicircular arc, using its mouth hooks to tear apart the chorion in front of it and thus free itself from within the egg shell. biological_process hatching behaviour GOC:pr PMID:10436051 The specific behavior of an organism during the emergence from an egg shell. In Drosophila for example, the larva swings its head reiteratively through a semicircular arc, using its mouth hooks to tear apart the chorion in front of it and thus free itself from within the egg shell. hatching GO:0035188 The emergence of an immature organism from a protective structure. biological_process GOC:dgh GOC:isa_complete ISBN:0198612001 The emergence of an immature organism from a protective structure. circadian mating behavior GO:0035648 The fluctuation in mating behavior that occurs over an approximately 24 hour cycle. biological_process circadian mating behaviour circadian mating rhythm GOC:bf circadian mating behaviour GOC:bf GOC:dos PMID:11470898 PMID:17276917 The fluctuation in mating behavior that occurs over an approximately 24 hour cycle. GOC:dos circadian mating rhythm growth GO:0040007 GO:0048590 See also the biological process term 'cell growth ; GO:0016049'. The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell. biological_process growth pattern non-developmental growth GOC:bf GOC:ma The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell. GOC:mah non-developmental growth locomotion GO:0040011 Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another. biological_process GOC:dgh Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another. regulation of gene expression, epigenetic Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression; the process is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence. GO:0040029 biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression; the process is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence. PMID:10521337 PMID:11498582 wound healing GO:0042060 The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. Wikipedia:Wound_healing biological_process GOC:bf PMID:15269788 The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus. GO:0042221 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. biological_process response to chemical stimulus response to chemical substance GOC:dos response to chemical stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus. GOC:jl taxis GO:0042330 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to an external stimulus. Wikipedia:Taxis biological_process directed movement in response to stimulus GOC:jl ISBN:0192801023 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to an external stimulus. phototaxis GO:0042331 GO:0046953 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to light. Wikipedia:Phototaxis biological_process phototactic behavior phototactic behaviour taxis in response to light GOC:jl ISBN:0192800981 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to light. gravitaxis GO:0042332 GO:0048062 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to gravity. biological_process geotactic behavior geotactic behaviour geotaxis gravitactic behavior gravitactic behaviour taxis in response to gravitational stimulus taxis in response to gravity GOC:jid GOC:jl The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to gravity. response to starvation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of nourishment. GO:0042594 biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of nourishment. GOC:go_curators regulation of circadian rhythm Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. GO:0042752 biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. GOC:dph GOC:jl GOC:tb thermotaxis GO:0043052 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a temperature gradient. Movement may be towards either a higher or lower temperature. Wikipedia:Thermotaxis biological_process taxis in response to temperature stimulus GOC:cab1 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a temperature gradient. Movement may be towards either a higher or lower temperature. WB_REF:cgc467 entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod GO:0043153 The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to photoperiod, the intermittent cycle of light (day) and dark (night). biological_process photoentrainment of circadian clock GOC:jl The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to photoperiod, the intermittent cycle of light (day) and dark (night). PMID:10217146 photoentrainment of circadian clock macromolecule metabolic process GO:0043170 GO:0043283 The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. biological_process biopolymer metabolic process macromolecule metabolism GOC:mtg_chebi_dec09 biopolymer metabolic process CHEBI:33694 GOC:mah The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. cellular metabolic process GO:0044237 The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. biological_process cellular metabolism intermediary metabolism GOC:go_curators The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. GOC:mah intermediary metabolism primary metabolic process GO:0044238 The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. biological_process primary metabolism GOC:go_curators The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. http://www.metacyc.org cellular macromolecule metabolic process GO:0034960 GO:0044260 The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells. biological_process cellular biopolymer metabolic process cellular macromolecule metabolism CHEBI:33694 GOC:mah The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells. GOC:mtg_chebi_dec09 cellular biopolymer metabolic process single-organism process A biological process that involves only one organism. GO:0044699 biological_process single organism process A biological process that involves only one organism. GOC:jl single organism reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving a single organism. GO:0044702 biological_process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving a single organism. GOC:jl multi-organism reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving another organism. GO:0044703 biological_process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving another organism. GOC:jl single-organism reproductive behavior GO:0044704 The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction involving a single organism. biological_process GOC:jl GOC:pr The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction involving a single organism. multi-organism reproductive behavior GO:0044705 The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction involving another organism of the same or different species. biological_process GOC:jl GOC:pr The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction involving another organism of the same or different species. multi-multicellular organism process A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species. GO:0044706 biological_process A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species. GOC:jl single-multicellular organism process A biological process occurring within a single, multicellular organism. GO:0044707 biological_process A biological process occurring within a single, multicellular organism. GOC:jl single-organism behavior GO:0044708 The specific behavior of a single organism in response to external or internal stimuli. biological_process GOC:jl GOC:pr The specific behavior of a single organism in response to external or internal stimuli. single-organism metabolic process A metabolic process - chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances - which involves a single organism. GO:0044710 biological_process A metabolic process - chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances - which involves a single organism. GOC:jl single-organism cellular process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. GO:0044763 biological_process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. GOC:jl single-organism transport GO:0044765 The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore, involving a single organism. biological_process GOC:jl The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore, involving a single organism. single-organism developmental process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition, involving only one organism. GO:0044767 biological_process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition, involving only one organism. GOC:jl male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production GO:0045433 The process during wing vibration where the male insect produces a species-specific acoustic signal called a love song. biological_process male courtship behavior, song production male courtship behaviour, song production male courtship behaviour, veined wing generated song production GOC:mtg_sensu PMID:11092827 The process during wing vibration where the male insect produces a species-specific acoustic signal called a love song. locomotor rhythm GO:0045475 The rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle. biological_process circadian locomotor activity rhythm GOC:go_curators The rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle. heterocycle metabolic process GO:0046483 The chemical reactions and pathways involving heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings). biological_process heterocycle metabolism CHEBI:5686 ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings). secretion GO:0046903 The controlled release of a substance by a cell or a tissue. biological_process GOC:ai The controlled release of a substance by a cell or a tissue. negative gravitaxis GO:0048060 GO:0048063 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism away from the source of gravity. biological_process negative geotactic behavior negative geotactic behaviour negative gravitactic behavior negative gravitactic behaviour negative taxis in response to gravity negative taxis in response to gravitytaxis in response to gravitational stimulus GOC:jid The directed movement of a motile cell or organism away from the source of gravity. male courtship behavior, veined wing extension GO:0048065 The process during courtship where the male insect extends his wings. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. biological_process male courtship behavior, wing extension male courtship behaviour, veined wing extension male courtship behaviour, wing extension GOC:jid GOC:mtg_sensu The process during courtship where the male insect extends his wings. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. response to pain Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. GO:0048265 GO:0048267 biological_process physiological response to pain Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. GOC:jid PMID:10203867 PMID:12723742 PMID:12843304 Wikipedia:Pain rhythmic process Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. GO:0048511 biological_process rhythm Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. GOC:jid circadian behavior GO:0048512 The specific behavior of an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. biological_process circadian rhythm behavior GOC:bf GOC:go_curators GOC:pr The specific behavior of an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. multicellular organismal reproductive process GO:0048609 The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs. biological_process organismal reproductive process reproductive process in a multicellular organism GOC:curators reproductive process in a multicellular organism GOC:dph GOC:jid GOC:tb The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs. GOC:curators organismal reproductive process obsolete cellular process involved in reproduction GO:0048610 OBSOLETE. A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular or single-celled organism. This process was made obsolete because we felt it not provide a particularly useful classification, and its very broad logical definition caused regular problems in our inference pipelines. biological_process cellular process involved in reproduction reproductive cellular process true GOC:dph GOC:tb reproductive cellular process GOC:dph GOC:jid OBSOLETE. A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular or single-celled organism. tissue morphogenesis GO:0048729 The process in which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. biological_process GOC:dph GOC:jid The process in which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. anatomical structure development GO:0048856 The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. biological_process development of an anatomical structure GOC:mtg_15jun06 GO_REF:0000021 The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. cell motility Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another. GO:0048870 biological_process cell locomotion cell movement movement of a cell Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another. GOC:dgh GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:mlg regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. GO:0050789 GO:0050791 biological_process regulation of physiological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. GOC:ai GOC:go_curators regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GO:0050794 GO:0051244 biological_process regulation of cellular physiological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GOC:go_curators neurological system process A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system. GO:0050877 biological_process neurophysiological process pan-neural process A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system. GOC:ai GOC:mtg_cardio multicellular organismal movement Any physiological process involved in changing the position of a multicellular organism or an anatomical part of a multicellular organism. GO:0050879 biological_process Any physiological process involved in changing the position of a multicellular organism or an anatomical part of a multicellular organism. GOC:dph GOC:mtg_muscle GOC:tb cognition GO:0050890 The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory. Wikipedia:Cognition biological_process ISBN:0721619908 The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory. http://www.onelook.com/ response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. GO:0050896 GO:0051869 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. biological_process physiological response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. GOC:ai GOC:bf sensory perception of taste GO:0050909 The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process. Wikipedia:Taste biological_process gustation sense of taste taste taste perception GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process. http://www.onelook.com/ sensory perception of mechanical stimulus GO:0050954 The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory mechanical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. biological_process chemi-mechanical coupling mechanosensory perception perception of mechanical stimulus GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory mechanical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. sensory perception of touch GO:0050975 The series of events required for an organism to receive a touch stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. The perception of touch in animals is mediated by mechanoreceptors in the skin and mucous membranes and is the sense by which contact with objects gives evidence as to certain of their qualities. Different types of touch can be perceived (for example, light, coarse, pressure and tickling) and the stimulus may be external or internal (e.g. the feeling of a full stomach). Wikipedia:Touch biological_process perception of touch tactile sense taction tactition GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive a touch stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. The perception of touch in animals is mediated by mechanoreceptors in the skin and mucous membranes and is the sense by which contact with objects gives evidence as to certain of their qualities. Different types of touch can be perceived (for example, light, coarse, pressure and tickling) and the stimulus may be external or internal (e.g. the feeling of a full stomach). localization Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to or maintained in a specific location. GO:0051179 biological_process establishment and maintenance of cellular component location establishment and maintenance of localization establishment and maintenance of position establishment and maintenance of substance location establishment and maintenance of substrate location localisation Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to or maintained in a specific location. GOC:ai GOC:mah localisation establishment of localization GO:0051234 The directed movement of a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location. biological_process establishment of localisation GOC:ai The directed movement of a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location. GOC:mah establishment of localisation cell division GO:0051301 Note that this term differs from 'cytokinesis ; GO:0000910' in that cytokinesis does not include nuclear division. The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells. Wikipedia:Cell_division biological_process GOC:di GOC:go_curators GOC:pr The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells. meiotic cell cycle GO:0051321 Progression through the phases of the meiotic cell cycle, in which canonically a cell replicates to produce four offspring with half the chromosomal content of the progenitor cell via two nuclear divisions. Wikipedia:Meiosis biological_process meiosis GOC:ai Progression through the phases of the meiotic cell cycle, in which canonically a cell replicates to produce four offspring with half the chromosomal content of the progenitor cell via two nuclear divisions. cellular localization A localization process that takes place at the cellular level; as a result of a cellular localization process, a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell. GO:0051641 biological_process cellular localisation establishment and maintenance of cellular localization establishment and maintenance of localization in cell or cell membrane intracellular localization localization within cell A localization process that takes place at the cellular level; as a result of a cellular localization process, a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell. GOC:ai GOC:mah GOC:mah cellular localisation establishment of localization in cell GO:0051649 The directed movement of a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell. biological_process establishment of cellular localization establishment of intracellular localization establishment of localisation in cell establishment of localization within cell positioning within cell GOC:dph GOC:tb establishment of cellular localization GOC:ai GOC:dph GOC:tb The directed movement of a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell. GOC:mah establishment of localisation in cell localization of cell Any process in which a cell is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. GO:0051674 biological_process cell localization establishment and maintenance of cell localization establishment and maintenance of localization of cell localisation of cell Any process in which a cell is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. GOC:ai GOC:mah localisation of cell multi-organism process A biological process which involves another organism of the same or different species. GO:0051704 GO:0051706 biological_process interaction between organisms physiological interaction between organisms physiological interaction with other organism A biological process which involves another organism of the same or different species. GOC:jl multi-organism behavior Any process in which an organism has a behavioral effect on another organism of the same or different species. GO:0023032 GO:0044709 GO:0051705 behavioral interaction between organisms behavioral interaction with other organism behavioral signaling behavioral signalling behavioural interaction between organisms behavioural interaction with other organism biological_process GOC:mah behavioral signalling Any process in which an organism has a behavioral effect on another organism of the same or different species. GOC:ai cellular response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. GO:0051716 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. GOC:bf GOC:jl behavioral response to nutrient Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a nutrient stimulus. GO:0051780 behavioural response to nutrient biological_process Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a nutrient stimulus. GOC:ai entry into diapause GO:0055115 The dormancy process that results in entry into diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation. Wikipedia:Diapause biological_process GOC:ds GOC:jid GOC:mah The dormancy process that results in entry into diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation. entry into reproductive diapause GO:0055116 The dormancy process that results in entry into reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli. biological_process GOC:ds GOC:jid GOC:mah The dormancy process that results in entry into reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli. reflex An automatic response to a stimulus beginning with a nerve impulse from a receptor and ending with the action of an effector such as a gland or a muscle. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness. GO:0060004 Wikipedia:Reflex biological_process An automatic response to a stimulus beginning with a nerve impulse from a receptor and ending with the action of an effector such as a gland or a muscle. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness. GOC:dph ISBN:087797099 male mating behavior GO:0060179 The specific behavior of a male organism that is associated with reproduction. biological_process GOC:dph GOC:pr GOC:tb The specific behavior of a male organism that is associated with reproduction. regulation of macromolecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. GO:0060255 biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. GOC:dph GOC:tb flight GO:0060361 Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air, usually by means of active wing movement. biological_process GOC:dph Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air, usually by means of active wing movement. epithelium development GO:0060429 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. biological_process GOC:dph GOC:mtg_lung The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. membrane organization A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. GO:0016044 GO:0061024 Reactome:REACT_101524 Reactome:REACT_103082 Reactome:REACT_11123 Reactome:REACT_29278 Reactome:REACT_32337 Reactome:REACT_33741 Reactome:REACT_34084 Reactome:REACT_78213 Reactome:REACT_78288 Reactome:REACT_83546 Reactome:REACT_86557 Reactome:REACT_87431 Reactome:REACT_88307 Reactome:REACT_91154 Reactome:REACT_93714 Reactome:REACT_95586 Reactome:REACT_96516 Reactome:REACT_97881 biological_process cellular membrane organisation cellular membrane organization membrane organisation membrane organization and biogenesis Membrane Trafficking, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_32337 GOC:mah membrane organization and biogenesis Membrane Trafficking, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_87431 Membrane Trafficking, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_88307 Membrane Trafficking, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_91154 Membrane Trafficking, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_86557 Membrane Trafficking, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_78213 GOC:curators cellular membrane organisation Membrane Trafficking, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_96516 GOC:mah membrane organisation Membrane Trafficking, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_34084 Membrane Trafficking, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_95586 Membrane Trafficking, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_29278 Membrane Trafficking, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_97881 A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. GOC:dph GOC:tb Membrane Trafficking, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_33741 Membrane Trafficking, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_83546 Membrane Trafficking, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_101524 Membrane Trafficking, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_11123 Membrane Trafficking, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_103082 Membrane Trafficking, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_78288 Membrane Trafficking, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_93714 biological regulation Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. GO:0065007 biological_process regulation Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:mah GOC:pr GOC:vw organism emergence from protective structure GO:0071684 The developmental process in which an organism emerges from a surrounding protective structure such as an egg or pupa case. biological_process GOC:mah The developmental process in which an organism emerges from a surrounding protective structure such as an egg or pupa case. organic substance metabolic process GO:0071704 The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. biological_process organic molecular entity metabolic process organic molecular entity metabolism organic substance metabolism CHEBI:50860 GOC:mah The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. cellular component organization or biogenesis A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. GO:0071840 GO:0071841 biological_process cellular component organisation or biogenesis cellular component organisation or biogenesis at cellular level cellular component organization or biogenesis at cellular level GOC:mah cellular component organisation or biogenesis GOC:mah cellular component organisation or biogenesis at cellular level A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. GOC:mah nucleic acid metabolic process Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleic acids. GO:0090304 biological_process Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleic acids. GOC:dph GOC:tb organic cyclic compound metabolic process GO:1901360 The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic cyclic compound. biological_process organic cyclic compound metabolism GOC:TermGenie organic cyclic compound metabolism GOC:TermGenie The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic cyclic compound. single-organism localization A localization which involves only one organism. GO:1902578 biological_process single organism localization A localization which involves only one organism. GOC:jl GO_REF:0000089 PMID:1234 GOC:TermGenie single organism localization quality A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities. PATO:0000001 quality trait A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities. PATOC:GVG color A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. PATO:0000014 quality relative color A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. PATOC:GVG frequency A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of the number of the bearer's repetitive actions in a particular time. PATO:0000044 quality A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of the number of the bearer's repetitive actions in a particular time. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/frequency biological sex An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. PATO:0000047 quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. MGED:MGED morphology A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. PATO:0000051 quality A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. PATOC:GVG shape A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). PATO:0000052 quality relational shape quality A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). PATOC:GVG trophic quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to synthesize a particular organic compound required for its growth. PATO:0000056 nutritional quality quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to synthesize a particular organic compound required for its growth. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophic_level qualitative PATO:0000068 quality deviation(from_normal) A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the whether the bearer differs from normal or average. PATO:0000069 quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the whether the bearer differs from normal or average. PATOC:GVG count PATO:0000070 The number of entities of this type that are part of the whole organism. amount count in organism number presence presence or absence in organism quality quantitative PATOC:GVG The number of entities of this type that are part of the whole organism. size A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. PATO:0000117 quality A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. WordNet:WordNet position A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. PATO:0000140 location placement quality relational spatial quality A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. PATOC:GVG structure A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an organism's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. PATO:0000141 quality relational structural quality A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an organism's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. PATOC:GVG rate A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence per unit time. PATO:0000161 quality A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence per unit time. PATOC:melissa viability An organismal quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's disposition to survive and develop normally or the number of surviving individuals in a given population. PATO:0000169 quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's disposition to survive and develop normally or the number of surviving individuals in a given population. PATOC:GVG behavioral quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's behavior aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements in a given situation. PATO:0000186 behavioral quality behavioural quality quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's behavior aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements in a given situation. PATOC:GVG coordination A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. PATO:0000188 quality A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. PATOC:GVG fertility A reproductive quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATO:0000274 quality A reproductive quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG female fertility A fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. PATO:0000277 quality A fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. PATOC:GVG male fertility A fertility quality of inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. PATO:0000279 quality A fertility quality of inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. PATOC:GVG increased frequency A frequency which is relatively high. PATO:0000380 frequent high frequency quality A frequency which is relatively high. PATOC:GVG decreased frequency A frequency which is relatively low. PATO:0000381 infrequent low frequency quality A frequency which is relatively low. PATOC:GVG female A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes. PATO:0000383 quality A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes. MGED:MGED male A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes. PATO:0000384 quality A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes. MGED:MGED auxotrophic A nutritional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's inability to synthesize a particular organic compound required for its growth. PATO:0000422 quality A nutritional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's inability to synthesize a particular organic compound required for its growth. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxotrophic abnormal A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's deviation from normal or average. PATO:0000460 aberrant atypia atypical defective quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's deviation from normal or average. PATOC:GVG absent A quality denoting the lack of an entity. PATO:0000462 absence absent from organism quality A quality denoting the lack of an entity. thefreedictionary.:thefreedictionary. increased size A size quality which is relatively high. PATO:0000586 big enlarged great large quality A size quality which is relatively high. PATOC:GVG decreased size A size quality which is relatively low. PATO:0000587 hypoplasia quality small tiny underdeveloped A size quality which is relatively low. PATOC:GVG hyperplastic A increased size quality inhering in an organ or tissue by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting increased number of cells. PATO:0000644 hyperplasia overdeveloped quality A increased size quality inhering in an organ or tissue by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting increased number of cells. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperplastic hypoplastic A decreased size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting reduced number of cells within an organ or tissue. PATO:0000645 hypoplasia quality underdeveloped A decreased size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting reduced number of cells within an organ or tissue. PATOC:GVG lethal (sensu genetics) A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of the bearer's long term survival inability. PATO:0000718 quality A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of the bearer's long term survival inability. PATOC:GVG viable A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's ability to survive or the long term survival ability of a given population. PATO:0000719 quality A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's ability to survive or the long term survival ability of a given population. PATOC:GVG uncoordinated A coordination quality of inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. PATO:0000770 quality A coordination quality of inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. PATOC:GVG female fertile A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. PATO:0000888 quality A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. PATOC:GVG male fertile A male fertility quality inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATO:0000891 quality A male fertility quality inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG female sterile A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATO:0000892 female infertile quality A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG decreased rate A rate which is relatively low. PATO:0000911 quality slow rate A rate which is relatively low. PATO:GVG increased rate A rate which is relatively high. PATO:0000912 fast rate high rate quality A rate which is relatively high. PATO:GVG fertile A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATO:0000955 quality A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG sterile A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATO:0000956 quality A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG physical quality A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. PATO:0001018 quality relational physical quality A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. PATOC:GVG process quality A quality which inheres in an process. PATO:0001236 quality quality of a process quality of occurrent quality of process relational quality of occurrent A quality which inheres in an process. PATOC:GVG physical object quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. PATO:0001241 monadic quality of a continuant monadic quality of an object monadic quality of continuant multiply inhering quality of a physical entity quality quality of a continuant quality of a single physical entity quality of an object quality of continuant A quality which inheres in a continuant. PATOC:GVG electromagnetic (EM) radiation quality A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. PATO:0001291 quality A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation optical quality An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. PATO:0001300 quality An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. PATOC:GVG reproductive quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to produce new life or offspring. PATO:0001434 quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to produce new life or offspring. WordNet:WordNet sensitivity of a process A quality of a process inhering in bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to respond to stimulation. PATO:0001457 quality sensitivity of occurrent A quality of a process inhering in bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to respond to stimulation. PATOC:GVG increased sensitivity of a process A sensitivity of a process which is higher than normal or average. PATO:0001551 high sensitivity of occurrent increased sensitivity of occurrent quality A sensitivity of a process which is higher than normal or average. PATO:GVG decreased sensitivity of a process A sensitivity of a process which is lower than normal or average. PATO:0001552 decreased sensitivity of occurrent low sensitivity of occurrent quality A sensitivity of a process which is lower than normal or average. PATO:GVG has number of PATO:0001555 The number of parts of a particular type that the bearer entity has. This is a relational quality, and thus holds between two entities: the bearer of the quality, and the type of parts. cardinality extra or missing physical or functional parts has or lacks parts of type mereological quality number number of quality PATOC:CJM The number of parts of a particular type that the bearer entity has. This is a relational quality, and thus holds between two entities: the bearer of the quality, and the type of parts. lacking processual parts A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking a processual part as specified by the additional entity. PATO:0001558 quality A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking a processual part as specified by the additional entity. PATOC:GVG extra or missing processual parts A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's processual parts. PATO:0001564 quality A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's processual parts. PATOC:GVG atrophied A size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of a part or parts of the bearer's being decreased in size due to reduction in tissue mass through wasting. PATO:0001623 atrophic quality A size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of a part or parts of the bearer's being decreased in size due to reduction in tissue mass through wasting. Wiikipedia:Wasting Wikipedia:Atrophy radiation quality A quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with radiation. PATO:0001739 quality A quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with radiation. PATOC:GVG female semi-fertile PATO:0001760 quality male semi-fertile PATO:0001761 quality male semi-sterile PATO:0001762 quality female semi-sterile PATO:0001763 quality semi-lethal (sensu genetics) A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of some of it's members' inability to survive to reproduce. PATO:0001768 quality A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of some of it's members' inability to survive to reproduce. PATOC:CVC positional polarity A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's location of features or characteristics along an axis. PATO:0001769 cellular polarity quality A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's location of features or characteristics along an axis. PATOC:MAH PATOC:MAH cellular polarity semi-viable A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of some of it's members' ability to survive. PATO:0001770 quality A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of some of it's members' ability to survive. PATOC:CVC lack of fertility in offspring A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to make its offspring sterile. PATO:0001862 grandchildless quality A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to make its offspring sterile. PATOC:GVG phenotypic sex PATO:0001894 quality organismal quality A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. PATO:0001995 quality A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. PATOC:CJM lacks parts or has fewer parts of type PATO:0001999 The bearer of this quality has_part < n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. This case includes the limit case, where the bearer lacks all parts of the specified type. loss of quality PATOC:CJM The bearer of this quality has_part < n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. This case includes the limit case, where the bearer lacks all parts of the specified type. has fewer parts of type PATO:0002001 The bearer of this quality has_part < n AND has_part > 0 of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. decreased number of has decreased number of has fewer physical parts of type quality PATOC:CJM The bearer of this quality has_part < n AND has_part > 0 of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. has extra parts of type PATO:0002002 The bearer of this quality has_part > n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. has extra parts of has increased number of having extra physical parts having supernumerary physical parts increased number of quality PATOC:CJM The bearer of this quality has_part > n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. neoplastic A structural quality which is held by a bearer when the latter's disposition the presence of abnormally proliferating masses of cells. PATO:0002011 quality tumorous A structural quality which is held by a bearer when the latter's disposition the presence of abnormally proliferating masses of cells. PATOC:MAH physical quality of a process PATO:0002062 quality altered number of Having extra or fewer parts. PATO:0002083 quality Having extra or fewer parts. PATOC:GVG aplastic/hypoplastic PATO:0002290 quality increased quality A quality that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATO:0002300 quality A quality that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG decreased quality A quality that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATO:0002301 quality A quality that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG decreased process quality A quality of a process that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATO:0002302 quality A quality of a process that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG decreased object quality A quality of an object that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATO:0002303 quality A quality of an object that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG increased process quality A quality of a process that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATO:0002304 quality A quality of a process that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG increased object quality A quality of an object that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATO:0002305 quality A quality of an object that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG population population of Drosophila dependent continuant population of cells