temj2 Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/dpo.owl>) VersionIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/fbcv/2017-07-05/dpo.owl>))) [Axioms: 4806 Logical Axioms: 930] FlyBase miscellaneous CV OBO-Edit 2.3.1 Imports terms from CHEBI - datestamp = 02:12:2011 01:47. And terms imported from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/go/releases/2018-01-03/go-simple.obo 1.2 03:01:2018 20:37 definition OBO Foundry Uniquename term replaced by camcur BrainName official abbreviation BRAND NAME EmbDevSlim FORMULA FlyTed temp subset for edit tracking purposes Testis slim INN IUPAC NAME InChI InChIKey terms for rd test ontology SMILES Abnormal/normal slim Absent/present slim Attribute slim camcur cell_quality Terms to summarize typical use of a gene from one organism that is introduced into another organism primarily for use an experimental tool, rather than to study the function of the gene cur warning of impending obsoletion Term not to be used for direct annotation Term not to be used for direct manual annotation MGI ribbon terms larval olfactory system Relational slim: types of quality that require an additional entity in order to exist Systematic synonym Value slim subset_property subset_property synonym_type_property consider has_alternative_id has_broad_synonym database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_narrow_synonym has_obo_format_version has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym has_scope has_synonym_type in_subset in_subset shorthand synonym BFO:0000050 OBO_REL:part_of part_of external relationship part_of part_of part_of BFO:0000051 OBO_REL:has_part relationship has_part has_part has_part ends_before X precedes Y iff: end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with start(Y) precedes djs93 2009-10-09T10:00:53Z BFO:0000062 OBO_REL:preceded_by proceeds starts_after preceded_by preceded_by X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X) preceded_by BFO:0000066 gene_ontology occurs_in occurs_in occurs in RO:0000052 FlyBase miscellaneous CV inheres_in inheres_in inheres_in <= Primitive instance level timing relation between events before_or_simultaneous_with t1 simultaneous_with t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simultaneous_with t2 and not (t1 before t2) simultaneous_with t1 before t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simulataneous_with t2 and not (t1 simultaeous_with t2) before Perviously used http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002122 - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. during_which_ends Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002124 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range. encompasses X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) ends_after RO:0002087 starts_at_end_of starts_at_end_of starts_at_end_of X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately_preceded_by Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002123 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range. during_which_starts starts_before RO:0002090 ends_at_start_of ends_at_start_of ends_at_start_of X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately_precedes RO:0002091 gene_ontology starts_during starts_during X starts_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (start(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)). This relations will be used after 2013-05-21. starts_during RO:0002092 gene_ontology happens_during happens_during X happens_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)). This relation will be used after 2013-05-21. happens_during RO:0002093 gene_ontology ends_during ends_during X ends_during Y iff: ((start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)) AND end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y). This relation will be used after 2013-05-21. ends_during RO:0002211 external gene_ontology regulates regulates regulates RO:0002212 external negatively_regulates negatively_regulates negatively regulates RO:0002213 external positively_regulates positively_regulates positively regulates has_member has_age FlyBase miscellaneous CV conditionality conditionality q1 decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) < magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. FlyBase miscellaneous CV decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'decreased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'. This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'decreased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'. decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to q1 decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) < magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. PATOC:CJM q1 different_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) NOT =~ magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. FlyBase miscellaneous CV different_in_magnitude_relative_to different_in_magnitude_relative_to q1 different_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) NOT =~ magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. PATOC:CJM s3 has_cross_section s3 if and only if : there exists some 2d plane that intersects the bearer of s3, and the impression of s3 upon that plane has shape quality s2. FlyBase miscellaneous CV has_cross_section Example: a spherical object has the quality of being spherical, and the spherical quality has_cross_section round. Example: a spherical object has the quality of being spherical, and the spherical quality has_cross_section round. has_cross_section s3 has_cross_section s3 if and only if : there exists some 2d plane that intersects the bearer of s3, and the impression of s3 upon that plane has shape quality s2. PATOC:CJM FlyBase miscellaneous CV has_role has role q1 increased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) > magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. FlyBase miscellaneous CV increased_in_magnitude_relative_to This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'increased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'. This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'increased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'. increased_in_magnitude_relative_to q1 increased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) > magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. PATOC:CJM FlyBase miscellaneous CV qualifier temporary placeholder - this means that Obol could not infer the correct relation qualifier q1 reciprocal_of q2 if and only if : q1 and q2 are relational qualities and a phenotype e q1 e2 mutually implies a phenotype e2 q2 e. FlyBase miscellaneous CV reciprocal_of There are frequently two ways to state the same thing: we can say 'spermatocyte lacks asters' or 'asters absent from spermatocyte'. In this case the quality is 'lacking all parts of type' - it is a (relational) quality of the spermatocyte, and it is with respect to instances of 'aster'. One of the popular requirements of PATO is that it continue to support 'absent', so we need to relate statements which use this quality to the 'lacking all parts of type' quality. There are frequently two ways to state the same thing: we can say 'spermatocyte lacks asters' or 'asters absent from spermatocyte'. In this case the quality is 'lacking all parts of type' - it is a (relational) quality of the spermatocyte, and it is with respect to instances of 'aster'. One of the popular requirements of PATO is that it continue to support 'absent', so we need to relate statements which use this quality to the 'lacking all parts of type' quality. reciprocal_of q1 reciprocal_of q2 if and only if : q1 and q2 are relational qualities and a phenotype e q1 e2 mutually implies a phenotype e2 q2 e. PATOC:CJM q1 similar_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) =~ magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. FlyBase miscellaneous CV similar_in_magnitude_relative_to similar_in_magnitude_relative_to q1 similar_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) =~ magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. PATOC:CJM monadic_form_of FlyBase miscellaneous CV singly_occurring_form_of PATO divides qualities between normal (monadic, singly-occurring) qualities and relational qualities. Relational qualities stand in the 'towards' relation with respect to some additional entity. For example, The sensitivity of an eye towards red light. In some cases we want to represent a quality such as 'protruding' in both monadic and relational branches. We use this relation to link them. PATO divides qualities between normal (monadic, singly-occurring) qualities and relational qualities. Relational qualities stand in the 'towards' relation with respect to some additional entity. For example, The sensitivity of an eye towards red light. In some cases we want to represent a quality such as 'protruding' in both monadic and relational branches. We use this relation to link them. singly_occurring_form_of FlyBase miscellaneous CV towards temporary placeholder - may be placed in OBO_REL; with relational qualities, the additional argument is the 'towards' argument; eg sensitivity towards chlorine. Relation binding a relational quality or disposition to the relevant type of entity. towards 0 100 has_increased_mortality_rate time dimension = 0. An event is an instant. event Using BFO process boundary here, although I'd rather use a term name that didn't reference processes at all, which I see as distinct from stages. process boundary continuant An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants. djs93 2009-10-01T05:56:28Z BFO:0000003 FBdv:00007008 occurrent An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants. BFOC:ANON independent continuant object aggregate organism An amino-acid anion that has formula CH2NO2. carbamate chebi_ontology CH2NO2 Carbamat InChI=1S/CH3NO2/c2-1(3)4/h2H2,(H,3,4)/p-1 InChIKey=KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Karbamat NC([O-])=O carbamate ion carbamic acid, ion(1-) CHEBI:13941 carbamate An amino-acid anion that has formula CH2NO2. ANON:ANON carbamate IUPAC: carbamate UniProt: CH2NO2 ChEBI: Carbamat ChEBI: InChI=1S/CH3NO2/c2-1(3)4/h2H2,(H,3,4)/p-1 ChEBI: InChIKey=KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M ChEBI: Karbamat ChEBI: NC([O-])=O ChEBI: carbamate ion ChemIDplus: carbamic acid, ion(1-) ChemIDplus: A large group of antibiotics isolated from various species of Streptomyces and characterised by having a substituted phenoxazine ring linked to two cyclic heterodetic peptides. Actinomycin actinomycin chebi_ontology actinomycins CHEBI:15369 actinomycin A large group of antibiotics isolated from various species of Streptomyces and characterised by having a substituted phenoxazine ring linked to two cyclic heterodetic peptides. ANON:ANON Actinomycin KEGG COMPOUND: actinomycin UniProt: actinomycins ChEBI: A nucleobase-containing molecular entity with an oligomeric structure comprised of a linear sequence of 13 or more nucleotide residues. Polynucleotide chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n polynucleotides CHEBI:15986 polynucleotide A nucleobase-containing molecular entity with an oligomeric structure comprised of a linear sequence of 13 or more nucleotide residues. ANON:ANON Polynucleotide KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: polynucleotides ChEBI: Compounds having the structure RSR (R =/= H). Such compounds were once called thioethers. sulfides chebi_ontology RSR SR2 Sulfide Thioether organic sulfides thioether thioethers CHEBI:16385 organic sulfide Compounds having the structure RSR (R =/= H). Such compounds were once called thioethers. ANON:ANON sulfides IUPAC: RSR IUPAC: SR2 KEGG COMPOUND: Sulfide KEGG COMPOUND: Thioether KEGG COMPOUND: organic sulfides ChEBI: thioether UniProt: thioethers IUPAC: Amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another with formal loss of water. The term is usually applied to structures formed from alpha-amino acids, but it includes those derived from any amino carboxylic acid. Peptide peptides chebi_ontology C2H4NO2R(C2H2NOR)n Peptid peptido peptidos CHEBI:16670 peptide Amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another with formal loss of water. The term is usually applied to structures formed from alpha-amino acids, but it includes those derived from any amino carboxylic acid. ANON:ANON Peptide KEGG COMPOUND: peptides IUPAC: C2H4NO2R(C2H2NOR)n KEGG COMPOUND: Peptid ChEBI: peptido ChEBI: peptidos ChEBI: The simplest aldehyde. FORMALDEHYDE Formaldehyde formaldehyde chebi_ontology CH2O FORMALIN Formaldehyd Formalin InChI=1S/CH2O/c1-2/h1H2 InChIKey=WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanal Methylene oxide Oxomethane Oxomethylene [H]C([H])=O CHEBI:16842 formaldehyde The simplest aldehyde. ANON:ANON FORMALDEHYDE PDBeChem: Formaldehyde KEGG COMPOUND: formaldehyde IUPAC: CH2O KEGG COMPOUND: FORMALIN ChEMBL: Formaldehyd NIST Chemistry WebBook: Formalin KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/CH2O/c1-2/h1H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Methanal KEGG COMPOUND: Methylene oxide KEGG COMPOUND: Oxomethane KEGG COMPOUND: Oxomethylene KEGG COMPOUND: [H]C([H])=O ChEBI: High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; DNA contain the genetic information of organisms. Deoxyribonucleic acid deoxyribonucleic acids chebi_ontology (Deoxyribonucleotide)m (Deoxyribonucleotide)n (Deoxyribonucleotide)n+m DNA DNAn DNAn+1 DNS Desoxyribonukleinsaeure deoxyribonucleic acids desoxyribose nucleic acid thymus nucleic acid CHEBI:16991 deoxyribonucleic acid thymus nucleic acid ChEBI: High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; DNA contain the genetic information of organisms. ANON:ANON Deoxyribonucleic acid KEGG COMPOUND: deoxyribonucleic acids IUPAC: (Deoxyribonucleotide)m KEGG COMPOUND: (Deoxyribonucleotide)n KEGG COMPOUND: (Deoxyribonucleotide)n+m KEGG COMPOUND: DNA IUPAC: DNA KEGG COMPOUND: DNA UniProt: DNAn KEGG COMPOUND: DNAn+1 KEGG COMPOUND: DNS ChEBI: Desoxyribonukleinsaeure ChEBI: deoxyribonucleic acids ChEBI: desoxyribose nucleic acid ChemIDplus: A compound in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms: R2C=O (neither R may be H). Ketone ketones chebi_ontology COR2 Keton R-CO-R' [*]C([*])=O cetone ketones CHEBI:17087 ketone A compound in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms: R2C=O (neither R may be H). ANON:ANON Ketone KEGG COMPOUND: ketones IUPAC: COR2 ChEBI: Keton ChEBI: R-CO-R' KEGG COMPOUND: [*]C([*])=O ChEBI: cetone ChEBI: ketones ChEBI: A compound in which one or more of the OH groups of phosphoric acid have been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group. The term is commonly confined to the phosphoric triamides, P(=O)(NR2)3, since replacement of one or two OH groups produces phosphoramidic acids: P(=O)(OH)(NR2)2 , P(=O)(OH)2(NR2). chebi_ontology phosphamide phosphamides phosphoramides CHEBI:17102 phosphoramide A compound in which one or more of the OH groups of phosphoric acid have been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group. The term is commonly confined to the phosphoric triamides, P(=O)(NR2)3, since replacement of one or two OH groups produces phosphoramidic acids: P(=O)(OH)(NR2)2 , P(=O)(OH)2(NR2). ANON:ANON phosphamide ChEBI: phosphamides ChEBI: phosphoramides ChEBI: A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group. Aldehyde aldehyde aldehydes chebi_ontology Aldehyd CHOR RC(=O)H [H]C([*])=O aldehido aldehidos aldehydes aldehydum CHEBI:17478 aldehyde A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group. ANON:ANON Aldehyde KEGG COMPOUND: aldehyde ChEBI: aldehyde IUPAC: aldehydes IUPAC: Aldehyd ChEBI: CHOR ChEBI: RC(=O)H IUPAC: [H]C([*])=O ChEBI: aldehido ChEBI: aldehidos ChEBI: aldehydes ChEBI: aldehydum ChEBI: A carbamate ester that has formula C3H7NO2. Urethane ethyl carbamate chebi_ontology C3H7NO2 CCOC(N)=O Ethyl carbamate InChI=1S/C3H7NO2/c1-2-6-3(4)5/h2H2,1H3,(H2,4,5) InChIKey=JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamic acid ethyl ester CHEBI:17967 urethane A carbamate ester that has formula C3H7NO2. ANON:ANON Urethane KEGG COMPOUND: ethyl carbamate IUPAC: C3H7NO2 KEGG COMPOUND: CCOC(N)=O ChEBI: Ethyl carbamate KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C3H7NO2/c1-2-6-3(4)5/h2H2,1H3,(H2,4,5) ChEBI: InChIKey=JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: carbamic acid ethyl ester ChEBI: Ribonucleoside chebi_ontology C5H9O4R ribonucleosides CHEBI:18254 ribonucleoside Ribonucleoside KEGG COMPOUND: C5H9O4R KEGG COMPOUND: ribonucleosides ChEBI: An aminonaphthalene that has formula C10H9NO4S. 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid chebi_ontology 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid 1-amino-4-sulfo-2-naphthol 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulphonic acid C10H9NO4S InChI=1S/C10H9NO4S/c11-10-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9(5-8(10)12)16(13,14)15/h1-5,12H,11H2,(H,13,14,15) InChIKey=RXCMFQDTWCCLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nc1c(O)cc(c2ccccc12)S(O)(=O)=O CHEBI:19024 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid An aminonaphthalene that has formula C10H9NO4S. ANON:ANON 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid IUPAC: 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid ChemIDplus: 1-amino-4-sulfo-2-naphthol ChemIDplus: 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulphonic acid ChemIDplus: C10H9NO4S ChEBI: InChI=1S/C10H9NO4S/c11-10-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9(5-8(10)12)16(13,14)15/h1-5,12H,11H2,(H,13,14,15) ChEBI: InChIKey=RXCMFQDTWCCLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Nc1c(O)cc(c2ccccc12)S(O)(=O)=O ChEBI: A bromoalkane that has formula C2H4BrCl. 1-bromo-2-chloroethane chebi_ontology 1,2-bromochloroethane 1,2-chlorobromoethane 2-bromo-1-chloroethane 2-bromoethyl chloride 2-chloroethyl bromide C2H4BrCl ClCCBr InChI=1S/C2H4BrCl/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H2 InChIKey=IBYHHJPAARCAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-chloroethyl bromide ethylene chlorobromide CHEBI:19032 1-bromo-2-chloroethane A bromoalkane that has formula C2H4BrCl. ANON:ANON 1-bromo-2-chloroethane IUPAC: 1,2-bromochloroethane NIST Chemistry WebBook: 1,2-chlorobromoethane ChemIDplus: 2-bromo-1-chloroethane ChemIDplus: 2-bromoethyl chloride NIST Chemistry WebBook: 2-chloroethyl bromide NIST Chemistry WebBook: C2H4BrCl ChEBI: ClCCBr ChEBI: InChI=1S/C2H4BrCl/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=IBYHHJPAARCAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: beta-chloroethyl bromide NIST Chemistry WebBook: ethylene chlorobromide ChemIDplus: A member of the class of benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups. 2,5-bis(aziridin-1-yl)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione chebi_ontology 2,5,-bis(ethyleneimine)-1,4-benzoquinone 2,5,-bisethylene-imine-1,4-benzoquinone 2,5-Bisaethyleniminobenzochinon-1,4 2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione 2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-p-benzoquinone 2,5-bis(1-aziridynyl)benzoquinone 2,5-bis(aziridino)-1,4-benzoquinone 2,5-bis(aziridino)benzoquinone 2,5-bis(ethyleneimino)-1,4-benzoquinone 2,5-bis-ethyleniminobenzoquinone 2,5-bisethyleneiminebenzoquinone 2,5-di(ethyleneimino)-1,4-benzoquinone 2,5-diaziridinyl-1,4-benzoquinone 3,6-diaziridinyl-1,4-benzoquinone C10H10N2O2 DZQ InChI=1S/C10H10N2O2/c13-9-6-8(12-3-4-12)10(14)5-7(9)11-1-2-11/h5-6H,1-4H2 InChIKey=RCWJMKCTHJPXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C1C=C(N2CC2)C(=O)C=C1N1CC1 TW 13 ethylenimine quinone CHEBI:19363 2,5-bis(aziridin-1-yl)-1,4-benzoquinone A member of the class of benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups. ANON:ANON 2,5-bis(aziridin-1-yl)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione IUPAC: 2,5,-bis(ethyleneimine)-1,4-benzoquinone ChEBI: 2,5,-bisethylene-imine-1,4-benzoquinone ChEBI: 2,5-Bisaethyleniminobenzochinon-1,4 ChEBI: 2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione ChemIDplus: 2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-p-benzoquinone ChemIDplus: 2,5-bis(1-aziridynyl)benzoquinone ChemIDplus: 2,5-bis(aziridino)-1,4-benzoquinone ChemIDplus: 2,5-bis(aziridino)benzoquinone ChemIDplus: 2,5-bis(ethyleneimino)-1,4-benzoquinone ChemIDplus: 2,5-bis-ethyleniminobenzoquinone ChemIDplus: 2,5-bisethyleneiminebenzoquinone ChemIDplus: 2,5-di(ethyleneimino)-1,4-benzoquinone ChemIDplus: 2,5-diaziridinyl-1,4-benzoquinone ChemIDplus: 3,6-diaziridinyl-1,4-benzoquinone ChEBI: C10H10N2O2 ChEBI: DZQ ChEBI: InChI=1S/C10H10N2O2/c13-9-6-8(12-3-4-12)10(14)5-7(9)11-1-2-11/h5-6H,1-4H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=RCWJMKCTHJPXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: O=C1C=C(N2CC2)C(=O)C=C1N1CC1 ChEBI: TW 13 ChemIDplus: ethylenimine quinone ChemIDplus: chebi_ontology CHEBI:19508 2-chloroethyl methanesulfonate chebi_ontology CHEBI:19579 2-fluoroethyl methanesulfonate A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. 5-bromopyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione chebi_ontology 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5-bromo-2,4-pyrimidinedione 5-bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione Brc1c[nH]c(=O)[nH]c1=O C4H3BrN2O2 InChI=1S/C4H3BrN2O2/c5-2-1-6-4(9)7-3(2)8/h1H,(H2,6,7,8,9) InChIKey=LQLQRFGHAALLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromouracil CHEBI:20552 5-bromouracil A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. ANON:ANON 5-bromopyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione IUPAC: 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5-bromo-2,4-pyrimidinedione NIST Chemistry WebBook: 5-bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione NIST Chemistry WebBook: Brc1c[nH]c(=O)[nH]c1=O ChEBI: C4H3BrN2O2 ChEBI: InChI=1S/C4H3BrN2O2/c5-2-1-6-4(9)7-3(2)8/h1H,(H2,6,7,8,9) ChEBI: InChIKey=LQLQRFGHAALLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: bromouracil ChemIDplus: A uridine having a bromo substituent at the 5-position. 5-bromouridine chebi_ontology 1-beta-ribofuranosyl-5-bromo-uracil 5-bromo-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione BrU C9H11BrN2O6 InChI=1S/C9H11BrN2O6/c10-3-1-12(9(17)11-7(3)16)8-6(15)5(14)4(2-13)18-8/h1,4-6,8,13-15H,2H2,(H,11,16,17)/t4-,5-,6-,8-/m1/s1 InChIKey=AGFIRQJZCNVMCW-UAKXSSHOSA-N OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)n1cc(Br)c(=O)[nH]c1=O CHEBI:20553 5-bromouridine A uridine having a bromo substituent at the 5-position. ANON:ANON 5-bromouridine ChEBI: 5-bromouridine IUPAC: 1-beta-ribofuranosyl-5-bromo-uracil ChemIDplus: 5-bromo-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione ChEBI: BrU ChEBI: C9H11BrN2O6 ChEBI: InChI=1S/C9H11BrN2O6/c10-3-1-12(9(17)11-7(3)16)8-6(15)5(14)4(2-13)18-8/h1,4-6,8,13-15H,2H2,(H,11,16,17)/t4-,5-,6-,8-/m1/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=AGFIRQJZCNVMCW-UAKXSSHOSA-N ChEBI: OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)n1cc(Br)c(=O)[nH]c1=O ChEBI: A member of the class of tetraphenes that is tetraphene in which the hydrogens at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by bromomethyl and methyl groups, respectively. 7-(bromomethyl)-12-methyltetraphene chebi_ontology 7-BrMe-12-MeBA 7-bromomethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene 7-bromomethyl-12-methylbenzanthracene C20H15Br Cc1c2ccccc2c(CBr)c2ccc3ccccc3c12 InChI=1S/C20H15Br/c1-13-15-7-4-5-9-17(15)19(12-21)18-11-10-14-6-2-3-8-16(14)20(13)18/h2-11H,12H2,1H3 InChIKey=IBWBDNBSIFGSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CHEBI:20787 7-bromomethyl-12-methyltetraphene A member of the class of tetraphenes that is tetraphene in which the hydrogens at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by bromomethyl and methyl groups, respectively. ANON:ANON 7-(bromomethyl)-12-methyltetraphene IUPAC: 7-BrMe-12-MeBA ChEBI: 7-bromomethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene ChemIDplus: 7-bromomethyl-12-methylbenzanthracene ChemIDplus: C20H15Br ChEBI: Cc1c2ccccc2c(CBr)c2ccc3ccccc3c12 ChEBI: InChI=1S/C20H15Br/c1-13-15-7-4-5-9-17(15)19(12-21)18-11-10-14-6-2-3-8-16(14)20(13)18/h2-11H,12H2,1H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=IBWBDNBSIFGSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: An acridine that has formula C21H27Cl4N3O. N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-(6-chloro-2-methoxyacridin-9-yl)-N-ethylpropane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride chebi_ontology C21H27Cl4N3O Cl[H].Cl[H].CCN(CCCl)CCCNc1c2ccc(Cl)cc2nc2ccc(OC)cc12 ICR 170 InChI=1S/C21H25Cl2N3O.2ClH/c1-3-26(12-9-22)11-4-10-24-21-17-7-5-15(23)13-20(17)25-19-8-6-16(27-2)14-18(19)21;;/h5-8,13-14H,3-4,9-12H2,1-2H3,(H,24,25);2*1H InChIKey=PWGOWIIEVDAYTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-(6-chloro-2-methoxy-9-acridinyl)-N-ethyl-1,3-propanediamine dihydrochloride acridine mustard CHEBI:21183 ICR-170 An acridine that has formula C21H27Cl4N3O. ANON:ANON N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-(6-chloro-2-methoxyacridin-9-yl)-N-ethylpropane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride IUPAC: C21H27Cl4N3O ChEBI: Cl[H].Cl[H].CCN(CCCl)CCCNc1c2ccc(Cl)cc2nc2ccc(OC)cc12 ChEBI: ICR 170 ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C21H25Cl2N3O.2ClH/c1-3-26(12-9-22)11-4-10-24-21-17-7-5-15(23)13-20(17)25-19-8-6-16(27-2)14-18(19)21;;/h5-8,13-14H,3-4,9-12H2,1-2H3,(H,24,25);2*1H ChEBI: InChIKey=PWGOWIIEVDAYTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-(6-chloro-2-methoxy-9-acridinyl)-N-ethyl-1,3-propanediamine dihydrochloride ChemIDplus: acridine mustard ChemIDplus: An organic chloride salt that has formula C30H31ClN6. 3-(diethylamino)-7-{(E)-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl}-5-phenylphenazin-5-ium chloride chebi_ontology 3-(diethylamino)-7-((4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)azo)-5-phenylphenazinium chloride 3-(diethylamino)-7-((p-(dimethylamino)phenyl)azo)-5-phenylphenazinium chloride C30H31ClN6 InChI=1S/C30H31N6.ClH/c1-5-35(6-2)26-17-19-28-30(21-26)36(25-10-8-7-9-11-25)29-20-23(14-18-27(29)31-28)33-32-22-12-15-24(16-13-22)34(3)4;/h7-21H,5-6H2,1-4H3;1H/q+1;/p-1 InChIKey=XXACTDWGHQXLGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Janus Green B Janus Green V [Cl-].CCN(CC)c1ccc2nc3ccc(cc3[n+](-c3ccccc3)c2c1)\N=N\c1ccc(cc1)N(C)C CHEBI:21184 Janus Green B chloride An organic chloride salt that has formula C30H31ClN6. ANON:ANON 3-(diethylamino)-7-{(E)-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl}-5-phenylphenazin-5-ium chloride IUPAC: 3-(diethylamino)-7-((4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)azo)-5-phenylphenazinium chloride ChemIDplus: 3-(diethylamino)-7-((p-(dimethylamino)phenyl)azo)-5-phenylphenazinium chloride ChemIDplus: C30H31ClN6 ChEBI: InChI=1S/C30H31N6.ClH/c1-5-35(6-2)26-17-19-28-30(21-26)36(25-10-8-7-9-11-25)29-20-23(14-18-27(29)31-28)33-32-22-12-15-24(16-13-22)34(3)4;/h7-21H,5-6H2,1-4H3;1H/q+1;/p-1 ChEBI: InChIKey=XXACTDWGHQXLGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M ChEBI: Janus Green B ChemIDplus: Janus Green V ChemIDplus: [Cl-].CCN(CC)c1ccc2nc3ccc(cc3[n+](-c3ccccc3)c2c1)\N=N\c1ccc(cc1)N(C)C ChEBI: A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to a nitrogen atom, thus creating a C-N bond. glycosylamine chebi_ontology N-glycoside N-glycosides N-glycosyl compounds glycosylamines CHEBI:21731 N-glycosyl compound A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to a nitrogen atom, thus creating a C-N bond. ANON:ANON glycosylamine IUPAC: N-glycoside ChEBI: N-glycosides ChEBI: N-glycosyl compounds ChEBI: glycosylamines IUPAC: An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine chebi_ontology 1-Methyl-1-nitroso-3-nitroguanidine 1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine 1-Nitroso-3-nitro-1-methylguanidine C2H5N5O3 CN(N=O)C(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O InChI=1S/C2H5N5O3/c1-6(5-8)2(3)4-7(9)10/h1H3,(H2,3,4) InChIKey=VZUNGTLZRAYYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N MNG MNNG Methylnitronitrosoguanidine N'-Nitro-N-nitroso-N-methylguanidine N-Methyl-N',2-dioxohydrazinecarboximidohydrazide 2-oxide N-Methyl-N-nitroso-N'-nitroguanidine N-Methyl-N-nitrosonitroguanidin N-Nitroso-N-methyl-N'-nitroguanidine CHEBI:21759 N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position ANON:ANON 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine IUPAC: N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine KEGG COMPOUND: 1-Methyl-1-nitroso-3-nitroguanidine ChemIDplus: 1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine KEGG COMPOUND: 1-Nitroso-3-nitro-1-methylguanidine ChemIDplus: C2H5N5O3 ChEBI: CN(N=O)C(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O ChEBI: InChI=1S/C2H5N5O3/c1-6(5-8)2(3)4-7(9)10/h1H3,(H2,3,4) ChEBI: InChIKey=VZUNGTLZRAYYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: MNG ChemIDplus: MNNG ChemIDplus: Methylnitronitrosoguanidine KEGG COMPOUND: N'-Nitro-N-nitroso-N-methylguanidine ChemIDplus: N-Methyl-N',2-dioxohydrazinecarboximidohydrazide 2-oxide NIST Chemistry WebBook: N-Methyl-N-nitroso-N'-nitroguanidine ChEBI: N-Methyl-N-nitroso-N'-nitroguanidine ChemIDplus: N-Methyl-N-nitrosonitroguanidin ChEBI: N-Nitroso-N-methyl-N'-nitroguanidine ChemIDplus: chebi_ontology CHEBI:22025 S-2-chloroethylcysteine chebi_ontology CHEBI:22213 acridines Any of basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom (but not excluding those of animal origin). Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino sugars and antibiotics are not normally regarded as alkaloids. By extension, certain neutral compounds biogenetically related to basic alkaloids are included. Alkaloid alkaloids chebi_ontology Alkaloide alcaloide alcaloides CHEBI:22315 alkaloid Any of basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom (but not excluding those of animal origin). Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino sugars and antibiotics are not normally regarded as alkaloids. By extension, certain neutral compounds biogenetically related to basic alkaloids are included. ANON:ANON Alkaloid ChEBI: alkaloids IUPAC: Alkaloide ChEBI: alcaloide ChEBI: alcaloides ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:22327 alkyl sulfide Highly reactive chemical that introduces alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevents their proper functioning. It could be used as an antineoplastic agent, but it might be very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions. It could also be used as a component of poison gases. chebi_ontology CHEBI:22333 alkylating agent Highly reactive chemical that introduces alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevents their proper functioning. It could be used as an antineoplastic agent, but it might be very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions. It could also be used as a component of poison gases. ANON:ANON A dicarboxylic acid that has formula C19H20N8O5. 4-aminofolic acid N-(4-{[(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid chebi_ontology 4-amino-PGA 4-aminopteroylglutamic acid C19H20N8O5 InChI=1S/C19H20N8O5/c20-15-14-16(27-19(21)26-15)23-8-11(24-14)7-22-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)17(30)25-12(18(31)32)5-6-13(28)29/h1-4,8,12,22H,5-7H2,(H,25,30)(H,28,29)(H,31,32)(H4,20,21,23,26,27)/t12-/m0/s1 InChIKey=TVZGACDUOSZQKY-LBPRGKRZSA-N N-(4-(((2,4-diamino-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid Nc1nc(N)c2nc(CNc3ccc(cc3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)cnc2n1 aminopterin CHEBI:22526 4-aminofolic acid A dicarboxylic acid that has formula C19H20N8O5. ANON:ANON 4-aminofolic acid ChemIDplus: N-(4-{[(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid IUPAC: 4-amino-PGA ChemIDplus: 4-aminopteroylglutamic acid ChemIDplus: C19H20N8O5 ChEBI: InChI=1S/C19H20N8O5/c20-15-14-16(27-19(21)26-15)23-8-11(24-14)7-22-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)17(30)25-12(18(31)32)5-6-13(28)29/h1-4,8,12,22H,5-7H2,(H,25,30)(H,28,29)(H,31,32)(H4,20,21,23,26,27)/t12-/m0/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=TVZGACDUOSZQKY-LBPRGKRZSA-N ChEBI: N-(4-(((2,4-diamino-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid ChemIDplus: Nc1nc(N)c2nc(CNc3ccc(cc3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)cnc2n1 ChEBI: aminopterin ChemIDplus: A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the electron. Anion anion chebi_ontology Anionen aniones anions CHEBI:22563 anion A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the electron. ANON:ANON Anion ChEBI: anion ChEBI: anion IUPAC: Anionen ChEBI: aniones ChEBI: anions IUPAC: chebi_ontology CHEBI:22681 aziridines chebi_ontology benzopyrans CHEBI:22727 benzopyran benzopyrans ChEBI: A quinone that is a cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups. chebi_ontology CHEBI:22729 benzoquinones A quinone that is a cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups. ANON:ANON boron molecular entity chebi_ontology boron compounds boron molecular entities CHEBI:22916 boron molecular entity boron molecular entity ChEBI: boron compounds ChEBI: boron molecular entities ChEBI: A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a bromine atom. chebi_ontology brominated hydrocarbons bromohydrocarbons CHEBI:22926 bromohydrocarbon A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a bromine atom. ANON:ANON brominated hydrocarbons ChEBI: bromohydrocarbons ChEBI: bromine molecular entity chebi_ontology bromine compounds bromine molecular entities CHEBI:22928 bromine molecular entity bromine molecular entity ChEBI: bromine compounds ChEBI: bromine molecular entities ChEBI: chebi_ontology alkyl bromide alkyl bromides bromoalkanes CHEBI:22929 bromoalkane alkyl bromide ChEBI: alkyl bromides ChEBI: bromoalkanes ChEBI: An ester of carbamic acid. chebi_ontology carbamate esters carbamates CHEBI:23003 carbamate ester An ester of carbamic acid. ANON:ANON carbamate esters ChEBI: carbamates ChEBI: chebi_ontology chloride salts chlorides CHEBI:23114 chloride salt chloride salts ChEBI: chlorides ChEBI: A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a chlorine atom. chebi_ontology chlorinated hydrocarbons chlorohydrocarbons CHEBI:23115 chlorohydrocarbon A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a chlorine atom. ANON:ANON chlorinated hydrocarbons ChEBI: chlorohydrocarbons ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:23117 chlorine molecular entity chloroalkane chebi_ontology alkyl chloride alkyl chlorides chloroalkanes CHEBI:23128 chloroalkane chloroalkane ChEBI: alkyl chloride ChEBI: alkyl chlorides ChEBI: chloroalkanes ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:23239 chromopeptide A carbotricyclic compound comprising 5,6,7,9-tetrahydrobenzo[a]heptalene having four methoxy substituents at the 1-, 2-, 3- and 10-positions as well as an oxo group at the 9-position and an acetamido group at the 7-position. N-(1,2,3,10-tetramethoxy-9-oxo-5,6,7,9-tetrahydrobenzo[a]heptalen-7-yl)acetamide chebi_ontology C22H25NO6 COc1cc2CCC(NC(C)=O)c3cc(=O)c(OC)ccc3-c2c(OC)c1OC InChI=1S/C22H25NO6/c1-12(24)23-16-8-6-13-10-19(27-3)21(28-4)22(29-5)20(13)14-7-9-18(26-2)17(25)11-15(14)16/h7,9-11,16H,6,8H2,1-5H3,(H,23,24) InChIKey=IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CHEBI:23359 colchicine A carbotricyclic compound comprising 5,6,7,9-tetrahydrobenzo[a]heptalene having four methoxy substituents at the 1-, 2-, 3- and 10-positions as well as an oxo group at the 9-position and an acetamido group at the 7-position. ANON:ANON N-(1,2,3,10-tetramethoxy-9-oxo-5,6,7,9-tetrahydrobenzo[a]heptalen-7-yl)acetamide IUPAC: C22H25NO6 ChEBI: COc1cc2CCC(NC(C)=O)c3cc(=O)c(OC)ccc3-c2c(OC)c1OC ChEBI: InChI=1S/C22H25NO6/c1-12(24)23-16-8-6-13-10-19(27-3)21(28-4)22(29-5)20(13)14-7-9-18(26-2)17(25)11-15(14)16/h7,9-11,16H,6,8H2,1-5H3,(H,23,24) ChEBI: InChIKey=IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. molecular entity chebi_ontology entidad molecular entidades moleculares entite moleculaire molecular entities molekulare Entitaet CHEBI:23367 molecular entity Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. ANON:ANON molecular entity IUPAC: entidad molecular IUPAC: entidades moleculares IUPAC: entite moleculaire IUPAC: molecular entities IUPAC: molekulare Entitaet ChEBI: A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the counterion. copper(2+) sulfate copper(II) sulfate chebi_ontology CuO4S CuSO4 Cupric sulfate InChI=1S/Cu.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 InChIKey=ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cu++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O copper sulfate cupric sulfate anhydrous CHEBI:23414 copper(2+) sulfate A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the counterion. ANON:ANON copper(2+) sulfate IUPAC: copper(II) sulfate IUPAC: CuO4S ChEBI: CuSO4 IUPAC: Cupric sulfate ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/Cu.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 ChEBI: InChIKey=ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L ChEBI: [Cu++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ChEBI: copper sulfate ChemIDplus: cupric sulfate anhydrous ChemIDplus: A modified cysteine having either D- or L-configuration. cysteine derivative chebi_ontology CHEBI:23509 cysteine derivative A modified cysteine having either D- or L-configuration. ANON:ANON cysteine derivative ChEBI: An epoxide that has formula C4H6O2. 2,2'-bioxirane chebi_ontology 1,1'-bi[ethylene oxide] 1,2:3,4-butadiene diepoxide 1,2:3,4-dianhydrothreitol 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane 1,3-butadiene diepoxide Butadiendioxyd C1OC1C1CO1 C4H6O2 DEB InChI=1S/C4H6O2/c1-3(5-1)4-2-6-4/h3-4H,1-2H2 InChIKey=ZFIVKAOQEXOYFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bioxirane butadiene diepoxide butadiene dioxide butane diepoxide dioxybutadiene CHEBI:23704 diepoxybutane An epoxide that has formula C4H6O2. ANON:ANON 2,2'-bioxirane IUPAC: 1,1'-bi[ethylene oxide] NIST Chemistry WebBook: 1,2:3,4-butadiene diepoxide ChemIDplus: 1,2:3,4-dianhydrothreitol NIST Chemistry WebBook: 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane ChemIDplus: 1,3-butadiene diepoxide NIST Chemistry WebBook: Butadiendioxyd ChemIDplus: C1OC1C1CO1 ChEBI: C4H6O2 ChEBI: DEB NIST Chemistry WebBook: InChI=1S/C4H6O2/c1-3(5-1)4-2-6-4/h3-4H,1-2H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=ZFIVKAOQEXOYFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: bioxirane NIST Chemistry WebBook: butadiene diepoxide NIST Chemistry WebBook: butadiene dioxide NIST Chemistry WebBook: butane diepoxide NIST Chemistry WebBook: dioxybutadiene ChemIDplus: A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. enzyme inhibitor chebi_ontology enzyme inhibitors inhibidor enzimatico inhibidores enzimaticos inhibiteur enzymatique inhibiteurs enzymatiques CHEBI:23924 enzyme inhibitor A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. ANON:ANON enzyme inhibitor IUPAC: enzyme inhibitors ChEBI: inhibidor enzimatico ChEBI: inhibidores enzimaticos ChEBI: inhibiteur enzymatique ChEBI: inhibiteurs enzymatiques ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:23994 ethyl methanesulfonate A urea compound having ethyl and nitroso substituents in the 1-position. 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea chebi_ontology 1-(Aminocarbonyl)-1-ethyl-2-oxohydrazine 1-Ethyl-1-nitrosourea Aethylnitroso-harnstoff C3H7N3O2 CCN(N=O)C(N)=O ENU Ethyl nitrosourea InChI=1S/C3H7N3O2/c1-2-6(5-8)3(4)7/h2H2,1H3,(H2,4,7) InChIKey=FUSGACRLAFQQRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Ethyl-N-nitroso carbamide N-Ethyl-N-nitroso-urea N-Ethylnitrosourea NEU CHEBI:23995 N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea A urea compound having ethyl and nitroso substituents in the 1-position. ANON:ANON 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea IUPAC: 1-(Aminocarbonyl)-1-ethyl-2-oxohydrazine NIST Chemistry WebBook: 1-Ethyl-1-nitrosourea ChemIDplus: Aethylnitroso-harnstoff ChemIDplus: C3H7N3O2 ChEBI: CCN(N=O)C(N)=O ChEBI: ENU ChemIDplus: Ethyl nitrosourea ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C3H7N3O2/c1-2-6(5-8)3(4)7/h2H2,1H3,(H2,4,7) ChEBI: InChIKey=FUSGACRLAFQQRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: N-Ethyl-N-nitroso carbamide ChemIDplus: N-Ethyl-N-nitroso-urea ChemIDplus: N-Ethylnitrosourea ChemIDplus: NEU NIST Chemistry WebBook: chebi_ontology CHEBI:23996 ethyl sulfide chebi_ontology fluoride salts fluorides CHEBI:24060 fluoride salt fluoride salts ChEBI: fluorides ChEBI: fluorine molecular entity chebi_ontology fluorine compounds fluorine molecular entities CHEBI:24062 fluorine molecular entity fluorine molecular entity ChEBI: fluorine compounds ChEBI: fluorine molecular entities ChEBI: A glycosyl compound resulting from the attachment of a glycosyl group to a non-acyl group RO-, RS-, RSe-, etc. The bond between the glycosyl group and the non-acyl group is called a glycosidic bond. By extension, the terms N-glycosides and C-glycosides are used as class names for glycosylamines and for compounds having a glycosyl group attached to a hydrocarbyl group respectively. These terms are misnomers and should not be used. The preferred terms are glycosylamines and C-glycosyl compounds, respectively. glycosides chebi_ontology O-glycoside O-glycosides glycosides CHEBI:24400 glycoside A glycosyl compound resulting from the attachment of a glycosyl group to a non-acyl group RO-, RS-, RSe-, etc. The bond between the glycosyl group and the non-acyl group is called a glycosidic bond. By extension, the terms N-glycosides and C-glycosides are used as class names for glycosylamines and for compounds having a glycosyl group attached to a hydrocarbyl group respectively. These terms are misnomers and should not be used. The preferred terms are glycosylamines and C-glycosyl compounds, respectively. ANON:ANON glycosides IUPAC: O-glycoside ChEBI: O-glycosides ChEBI: glycosides ChEBI: A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances. chebi_ontology CHEBI:24431 chemical entity A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances. ANON:ANON A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context. chebi_ontology biological function CHEBI:24432 biological role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context. ANON:ANON biological function ChEBI: A compound derived from an alkane by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom. chebi_ontology alkyl halide alkyl halides haloalkanes CHEBI:24469 haloalkane A compound derived from an alkane by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom. ANON:ANON alkyl halide ChEBI: alkyl halides ChEBI: haloalkanes ChEBI: halogen molecular entity chebi_ontology halogen compounds halogen molecular entities CHEBI:24471 halogen molecular entity halogen molecular entity ChEBI: halogen compounds ChEBI: halogen molecular entities ChEBI: A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom. chebi_ontology halogenated hydrocarbons halohydrocarbons CHEBI:24472 halohydrocarbon A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom. ANON:ANON halogenated hydrocarbons ChEBI: halohydrocarbons ChEBI: halogen halogens chebi_ontology Halogene group 17 elements group VII elements halogene halogenes halogeno halogenos CHEBI:24473 halogen halogen IUPAC: halogens IUPAC: Halogene ChEBI: group 17 elements ChEBI: group VII elements ChEBI: halogene ChEBI: halogenes ChEBI: halogeno ChEBI: halogenos ChEBI: A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and at least of one other element. chebi_ontology organic heterocycle organic heterocyclic compounds CHEBI:24532 organic heterocyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and at least of one other element. ANON:ANON organic heterocycle ChEBI: organic heterocyclic compounds ChEBI: A triamino-1,3,5-triazine that has formula C9H18N6. N,N,N',N',N'',N''-hexamethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine chebi_ontology 2,4,6-tris(dimethylamino)-1,3,5-triazine 2,4,6-tris(dimethylamino)-s-triazine C9H18N6 CN(C)c1nc(nc(n1)N(C)C)N(C)C HMM Hexalen Hexastat InChI=1S/C9H18N6/c1-13(2)7-10-8(14(3)4)12-9(11-7)15(5)6/h1-6H3 InChIKey=UUVWYPNAQBNQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N altretamina altretamine altretaminum CHEBI:24564 hexamethylmelamine A triamino-1,3,5-triazine that has formula C9H18N6. ANON:ANON N,N,N',N',N'',N''-hexamethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine IUPAC: 2,4,6-tris(dimethylamino)-1,3,5-triazine ChemIDplus: 2,4,6-tris(dimethylamino)-s-triazine NIST Chemistry WebBook: C9H18N6 ChEBI: CN(C)c1nc(nc(n1)N(C)C)N(C)C ChEBI: HMM ChemIDplus: Hexalen ChemIDplus: Hexastat ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C9H18N6/c1-13(2)7-10-8(14(3)4)12-9(11-7)15(5)6/h1-6H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=UUVWYPNAQBNQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: altretamina ChemIDplus: altretamine ChemIDplus: altretaminum ChemIDplus: A phosphoramide that has formula C6H18N3OP. N,N,N',N',N'',N''-hexamethylphosphoric triamide hexamethylphosphoric triamide chebi_ontology C6H18N3OP CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C HEMPA HMPA HMPT HMPTA Hexamethylphosphoramid Hexamethylphosphorsaeuretriamid InChI=1S/C6H18N3OP/c1-7(2)11(10,8(3)4)9(5)6/h1-6H3 InChIKey=GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylorthophosphoric triamide hexamethylphosphoramide hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide phosphoric acid hexamethyltriamide phosphoric hexamethyltriamide phosphoric tris(dimethylamide) CHEBI:24565 hexamethylphosphoric triamide A phosphoramide that has formula C6H18N3OP. ANON:ANON N,N,N',N',N'',N''-hexamethylphosphoric triamide IUPAC: hexamethylphosphoric triamide ChemIDplus: C6H18N3OP NIST Chemistry WebBook: CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C ChEBI: HEMPA NIST Chemistry WebBook: HMPA ChemIDplus: HMPT ChemIDplus: HMPTA ChemIDplus: Hexamethylphosphoramid ChEBI: Hexamethylphosphorsaeuretriamid ChEBI: InChI=1S/C6H18N3OP/c1-7(2)11(10,8(3)4)9(5)6/h1-6H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: hexamethylorthophosphoric triamide NIST Chemistry WebBook: hexamethylphosphoramide ChEBI: hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide ChemIDplus: phosphoric acid hexamethyltriamide NIST Chemistry WebBook: phosphoric hexamethyltriamide NIST Chemistry WebBook: phosphoric tris(dimethylamide) NIST Chemistry WebBook: A methanesulfonate salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of hycanthone and methanesulfonic acid. It was formerly used as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel. 1-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}-4-(hydroxymethyl)-10H-dibenzo[b,e]thiopyran-10-one methanesulfonate chebi_ontology C21H28N2O5S2 CS(O)(=O)=O.CCN(CC)CCNc1ccc(CO)c2sc3ccccc3c(=O)c12 Etrenol InChI=1S/C20H24N2O2S.CH4O3S/c1-3-22(4-2)12-11-21-16-10-9-14(13-23)20-18(16)19(24)15-7-5-6-8-17(15)25-20;1-5(2,3)4/h5-10,21,23H,3-4,11-13H2,1-2H3;1H3,(H,2,3,4) InChIKey=LOEQGPPJCCUXEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-diethyl-2-{[4-(hydroxymethyl)-10-oxo-10H-dibenzo[b,e]thiopyran-1-yl]amino}ethanaminium methanesulfonate N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-4-methoxy-9-oxoxanthene-1-amine monomethanesulfonate hycanthone methanesulfonate hycanthone methanesulphonate hycanthone monomesylate hycanthone monomethanesulfonate hycanthone monomethanesulphonate CHEBI:24624 hycanthone mesylate A methanesulfonate salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of hycanthone and methanesulfonic acid. It was formerly used as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel. ANON:ANON 1-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}-4-(hydroxymethyl)-10H-dibenzo[b,e]thiopyran-10-one methanesulfonate IUPAC: C21H28N2O5S2 ChEBI: CS(O)(=O)=O.CCN(CC)CCNc1ccc(CO)c2sc3ccccc3c(=O)c12 ChEBI: Etrenol ChEBI: InChI=1S/C20H24N2O2S.CH4O3S/c1-3-22(4-2)12-11-21-16-10-9-14(13-23)20-18(16)19(24)15-7-5-6-8-17(15)25-20;1-5(2,3)4/h5-10,21,23H,3-4,11-13H2,1-2H3;1H3,(H,2,3,4) ChEBI: InChIKey=LOEQGPPJCCUXEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: N,N-diethyl-2-{[4-(hydroxymethyl)-10-oxo-10H-dibenzo[b,e]thiopyran-1-yl]amino}ethanaminium methanesulfonate IUPAC: N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-4-methoxy-9-oxoxanthene-1-amine monomethanesulfonate ChEBI: hycanthone methanesulfonate ChemIDplus: hycanthone methanesulphonate ChemIDplus: hycanthone monomesylate ChEBI: hycanthone monomethanesulfonate ChemIDplus: hycanthone monomethanesulphonate ChemIDplus: A compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only. hydrocarbon hydrocarbons chebi_ontology Kohlenwasserstoff Kohlenwasserstoffe hidrocarburo hidrocarburos hydrocarbure CHEBI:24632 hydrocarbon A compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only. ANON:ANON hydrocarbon IUPAC: hydrocarbons IUPAC: Kohlenwasserstoff ChEBI: Kohlenwasserstoffe ChEBI: hidrocarburo IUPAC: hidrocarburos IUPAC: hydrocarbure IUPAC: Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)). chebi_ontology CHEBI:24651 hydroxides Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)). ANON:ANON hydroxyflavanone chebi_ontology hydroxyflavanones CHEBI:24697 hydroxyflavanone hydroxyflavanone ChEBI: hydroxyflavanones ChEBI: A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons). oxoacid oxoacids chebi_ontology oxacids oxiacids oxo acid oxy-acids oxyacids CHEBI:24833 oxoacid A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons). ANON:ANON oxoacid IUPAC: oxoacids IUPAC: oxacids ChEBI: oxiacids ChEBI: oxo acid ChEBI: oxy-acids ChEBI: oxyacids ChEBI: A molecular entity that contains no carbon. chebi_ontology anorganische Verbindungen inorganic compounds inorganic entity inorganic molecular entities inorganics CHEBI:24835 inorganic molecular entity A molecular entity that contains no carbon. ANON:ANON anorganische Verbindungen ChEBI: inorganic compounds ChEBI: inorganic entity ChEBI: inorganic molecular entities ChEBI: inorganics ChEBI: chebi_ontology anorganisches Salz inorganic salts CHEBI:24839 inorganic salt anorganisches Salz ChEBI: inorganic salts ChEBI: chebi_ontology inorganic sulfate salts inorganic sulfates CHEBI:24840 inorganic sulfate salt inorganic sulfate salts ChEBI: inorganic sulfates ChEBI: A role played by a chemical agent which exhibits the capability of occupying space between DNA base pairs due to particular properties in size, shape and charge. Intercalation of chemical compounds in DNA helix can result in replication errors (shift, mutation) or DNA damages. chebi_ontology agente intercalante intercalating agent intercalating agents intercalating ligands intercalators CHEBI:24853 intercalator A role played by a chemical agent which exhibits the capability of occupying space between DNA base pairs due to particular properties in size, shape and charge. Intercalation of chemical compounds in DNA helix can result in replication errors (shift, mutation) or DNA damages. ANON:ANON agente intercalante ChEBI: intercalating agent ChEBI: intercalating agents ChEBI: intercalating ligands ChEBI: intercalators ChEBI: Chemical element with atomic number 53. iodine chebi_ontology 53I I InChI=1S/I InChIKey=ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iod J Jod [I] iode iodine iodium yodo CHEBI:24859 iodine atom Chemical element with atomic number 53. ANON:ANON iodine IUPAC: 53I IUPAC: I ChEBI: I ChEBI: InChI=1S/I ChEBI: InChIKey=ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Iod ChEBI: J ChEBI: Jod ChEBI: [I] ChEBI: iode ChEBI: iodine ChEBI: iodium ChEBI: yodo ChEBI: A salt is an assembly of cations and anions. salt chebi_ontology Salz Salze ionic compound ionic compounds sal sales salts sel sels CHEBI:24866 salt A salt is an assembly of cations and anions. ANON:ANON salt IUPAC: Salz ChEBI: Salze ChEBI: ionic compound ChEBI: ionic compounds ChEBI: sal ChEBI: sales ChEBI: salts ChEBI: sel ChEBI: sels ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic salts organisches Salz CHEBI:24868 organic salt organic salts ChEBI: organisches Salz ChEBI: A molecular entity having a net electric charge. Ion ion chebi_ontology Ionen iones ions CHEBI:24870 ion A molecular entity having a net electric charge. ANON:ANON Ion ChEBI: ion ChEBI: ion IUPAC: Ionen ChEBI: iones ChEBI: ions ChEBI: Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine. chebi_ontology isoquinoline alkaloids CHEBI:24921 isoquinoline alkaloid Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine. ANON:ANON isoquinoline alkaloids ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:25223 methanesulfonate ester chebi_ontology methoxyflavanones CHEBI:25240 methoxyflavanone methoxyflavanones ChEBI: A methanesulfonate ester that has formula C2H6O3S. methyl methanesulfonate chebi_ontology C2H6O3S CB1540 COS(C)(=O)=O InChI=1S/C2H6O3S/c1-5-6(2,3)4/h1-2H3 InChIKey=MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N MMS Methanesulfonic acid methyl ester Methyl mesylate as-Dimethyl sulfite CHEBI:25255 methyl methanesulfonate A methanesulfonate ester that has formula C2H6O3S. ANON:ANON methyl methanesulfonate ChEBI: methyl methanesulfonate IUPAC: C2H6O3S ChemIDplus: CB1540 ChEBI: COS(C)(=O)=O ChEBI: InChI=1S/C2H6O3S/c1-5-6(2,3)4/h1-2H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: MMS ChEBI: Methanesulfonic acid methyl ester ChemIDplus: Methyl mesylate ChemIDplus: as-Dimethyl sulfite ChemIDplus: chebi_ontology methylxanthines CHEBI:25348 methylxanthine methylxanthines ChEBI: chebi_ontology mitomycins CHEBI:25357 mitomycin mitomycins ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:25359 modified amino acid An ethyl sulfide that has formula C4H8Cl2S. 1-chloro-2-[(2-chloroethyl)sulfanyl]ethane bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide chebi_ontology 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane) 1-chloro-2-[(2-chloroethyl)thio]ethane C4H8Cl2S ClCCSCCCl InChI=1S/C4H8Cl2S/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h1-4H2 InChIKey=QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lost Senfgas Yperite bis(2-chloroethyl) sulphide bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfane mustard gas sulfur mustard CHEBI:25434 bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide An ethyl sulfide that has formula C4H8Cl2S. ANON:ANON 1-chloro-2-[(2-chloroethyl)sulfanyl]ethane IUPAC: bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide ChemIDplus: 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane) NIST Chemistry WebBook: 1-chloro-2-[(2-chloroethyl)thio]ethane IUPAC: C4H8Cl2S ChEBI: ClCCSCCCl ChEBI: InChI=1S/C4H8Cl2S/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h1-4H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Lost NIST Chemistry WebBook: Senfgas NIST Chemistry WebBook: Yperite NIST Chemistry WebBook: bis(2-chloroethyl) sulphide NIST Chemistry WebBook: bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfane IUPAC: mustard gas ChemIDplus: sulfur mustard ChemIDplus: An agent that increases the frequency of mutations above the normal background level, usually by interacting directly with DNA and causing it damage, including base substitution. chebi_ontology mutagene mutagenes mutagenic agent mutageno mutagenos mutagens CHEBI:25435 mutagen An agent that increases the frequency of mutations above the normal background level, usually by interacting directly with DNA and causing it damage, including base substitution. ANON:ANON mutagene ChEBI: mutagenes ChEBI: mutagenic agent ChEBI: mutageno ChEBI: mutagenos ChEBI: mutagens ChEBI: Any benzenoid aromatic compound having a skeleton composed of two ortho-fused benzene rings. chebi_ontology CHEBI:25477 naphthalenes Any benzenoid aromatic compound having a skeleton composed of two ortho-fused benzene rings. ANON:ANON nonmetal chebi_ontology Nichtmetall Nichtmetalle no metal no metales non-metal non-metaux nonmetal nonmetals CHEBI:25585 nonmetal atom nonmetal IUPAC: Nichtmetall ChEBI: Nichtmetalle ChEBI: no metal ChEBI: no metales ChEBI: non-metal ChEBI: non-metaux ChEBI: nonmetal ChEBI: nonmetals ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic heteromonocyclic compounds CHEBI:25693 organic heteromonocyclic compound organic heteromonocyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic anions CHEBI:25696 organic anion organic anions ChEBI: An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen. ether ethers chebi_ontology OR2 [*]O[*] ethers CHEBI:25698 ether An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen. ANON:ANON ether IUPAC: ethers IUPAC: OR2 ChEBI: [*]O[*] ChEBI: ethers ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic ions CHEBI:25699 organic ion organic ions ChEBI: Compounds of the general formula SO3HOR where R is an organyl group chebi_ontology organic sulfates CHEBI:25704 organic sulfate Compounds of the general formula SO3HOR where R is an organyl group ANON:ANON organic sulfates ChEBI: An oxide is a chemical compound of oxygen with other chemical elements. oxide chebi_ontology oxides CHEBI:25741 oxide An oxide is a chemical compound of oxygen with other chemical elements. ANON:ANON oxide ChEBI: oxides ChEBI: oxygen molecular entity chebi_ontology oxygen molecular entities CHEBI:25806 oxygen molecular entity oxygen molecular entity ChEBI: oxygen molecular entities ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:25813 p-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylvaleric acid chebi_ontology CHEBI:25814 p-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-D-phenylalanine chebi_ontology CHEBI:25816 p-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine An organochlorine compound that has formula C12H18Cl2N2. 4-(2-aminoethyl)-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline chebi_ontology 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzeneethanamine C12H18Cl2N2 CB 3034 InChI=1S/C12H18Cl2N2/c13-6-9-16(10-7-14)12-3-1-11(2-4-12)5-8-15/h1-4H,5-10,15H2 InChIKey=PJKCNYLAFQAJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N NCCc1ccc(cc1)N(CCCl)CCCl p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenethylamine p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylethylamine CHEBI:25818 4-(2-aminoethyl)-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline An organochlorine compound that has formula C12H18Cl2N2. ANON:ANON 4-(2-aminoethyl)-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline IUPAC: 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)benzeneethanamine ChemIDplus: C12H18Cl2N2 ChEBI: CB 3034 ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C12H18Cl2N2/c13-6-9-16(10-7-14)12-3-1-11(2-4-12)5-8-15/h1-4H,5-10,15H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=PJKCNYLAFQAJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: NCCc1ccc(cc1)N(CCCl)CCCl ChEBI: p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenethylamine ChemIDplus: p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylethylamine ChemIDplus: chebi_ontology CHEBI:25829 p-p'-N,N-di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenoxyphenylalanine chebi_ontology CHEBI:25903 peptide antibiotic chebi_ontology CHEBI:25985 phenylalanine derivative Any organic aromatic compound with a structure based on a phenylpropane skeleton. The class includes naturally occurring phenylpropanoid esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and many small phenolic molecules as well as their semi-synthetic and synthetic analogs. Phenylpropanoids are also precursors of lignin. chebi_ontology phenylpropanoids CHEBI:26004 phenylpropanoid Any organic aromatic compound with a structure based on a phenylpropane skeleton. The class includes naturally occurring phenylpropanoid esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and many small phenolic molecules as well as their semi-synthetic and synthetic analogs. Phenylpropanoids are also precursors of lignin. ANON:ANON phenylpropanoids ChEBI: chebi_ontology purine alkaloids CHEBI:26385 purine alkaloid purine alkaloids ChEBI: Any compound containing purine as part of its structure. chebi_ontology CHEBI:26401 purines Any compound containing purine as part of its structure. ANON:ANON chebi_ontology pyrimidine nucleosides CHEBI:26440 pyrimidine nucleoside pyrimidine nucleosides ChEBI: An addition compound that has formula C12H10O4. cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione--benzene-1,4-diol (1:1) chebi_ontology C12H10O4 Chinhydron InChI=1S/C6H6O2.C6H4O2/c2*7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5/h1-4,7-8H;1-4H InChIKey=BDJXVNRFAQSMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oc1ccc(O)cc1.O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 green hydroquinone p-benzoquinhydrone p-benzoquinone--hydroquinone compound (1:1) CHEBI:26491 quinhydrone An addition compound that has formula C12H10O4. ANON:ANON cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione--benzene-1,4-diol (1:1) IUPAC: C12H10O4 ChEBI: Chinhydron ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C6H6O2.C6H4O2/c2*7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5/h1-4,7-8H;1-4H ChEBI: InChIKey=BDJXVNRFAQSMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Oc1ccc(O)cc1.O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 ChEBI: green hydroquinone NIST Chemistry WebBook: p-benzoquinhydrone ChemIDplus: p-benzoquinone--hydroquinone compound (1:1) NIST Chemistry WebBook: A class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds each of which contains a benzene ring ortho fused to carbons 2 and 3 of a pyridine ring. chebi_ontology CHEBI:26513 quinolines A class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds each of which contains a benzene ring ortho fused to carbons 2 and 3 of a pyridine ring. ANON:ANON rhamnosylglucoside chebi_ontology rhamnosylglucosides CHEBI:26548 rhamnosylglucoside rhamnosylglucoside ChEBI: rhamnosylglucosides ChEBI: rutinoside chebi_ontology rutinosides CHEBI:26587 rutinoside rutinoside ChEBI: rutinosides ChEBI: Any compound with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton, in which nitrogen atoms replace carbon at positions 1, 3 and 5 of the core benzene ring structure. chebi_ontology s-triazines CHEBI:26588 1,3,5-triazines Any compound with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton, in which nitrogen atoms replace carbon at positions 1, 3 and 5 of the core benzene ring structure. ANON:ANON s-triazines ChEBI: A sulfite salt that has formula HNaO3S. sodium hydrogensulfite chebi_ontology HNaO3S InChI=1S/Na.H2O3S/c;1-4(2)3/h;(H2,1,2,3)/q+1;/p-1 InChIKey=DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M NaHSO3 Natriumbisulfit Natriumhydrogensulfit [Na+].OS([O-])=O primaeres Natriumsulfit saures Natriumsulfit sodium bisulfite sodium bisulphite sodium hydrogen sulfite CHEBI:26709 sodium hydrogensulfite A sulfite salt that has formula HNaO3S. ANON:ANON sodium hydrogensulfite IUPAC: HNaO3S ChEBI: InChI=1S/Na.H2O3S/c;1-4(2)3/h;(H2,1,2,3)/q+1;/p-1 ChEBI: InChIKey=DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M ChEBI: NaHSO3 IUPAC: Natriumbisulfit ChEBI: Natriumhydrogensulfit ChEBI: [Na+].OS([O-])=O ChEBI: primaeres Natriumsulfit ChEBI: saures Natriumsulfit ChEBI: sodium bisulfite ChemIDplus: sodium bisulphite ChemIDplus: sodium hydrogen sulfite ChemIDplus: chebi_ontology sodium compounds sodium molecular entities CHEBI:26712 sodium molecular entity sodium compounds ChEBI: sodium molecular entities ChEBI: Any alkali metal salt having sodium(1+) as the cation. chebi_ontology Natriumsalz Natriumsalze sodium salts CHEBI:26714 sodium salt Any alkali metal salt having sodium(1+) as the cation. ANON:ANON Natriumsalz ChEBI: Natriumsalze ChEBI: sodium salts ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:26800 styrylquinoline An ester of an alcohol and sulfuric acid. chebi_ontology O4SR2 [*]OS(=O)(=O)O[*] sulfate ester sulfuric acid ester sulfuric acid esters CHEBI:26819 sulfuric ester An ester of an alcohol and sulfuric acid. ANON:ANON O4SR2 ChEBI: [*]OS(=O)(=O)O[*] ChEBI: sulfate ester ChEBI: sulfuric acid ester ChEBI: sulfuric acid esters ChEBI: Salts and esters of sulfuric acid sulfates chebi_ontology sulfuric acid derivative sulphates CHEBI:26820 sulfates Salts and esters of sulfuric acid ANON:ANON sulfates ChEBI: sulfuric acid derivative ChEBI: sulphates ChEBI: Any sulfur molecular entity that involves either covalently bonded or anionic sulfur. chebi_ontology sulphides CHEBI:26822 sulfide Any sulfur molecular entity that involves either covalently bonded or anionic sulfur. ANON:ANON sulphides ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:26823 sulfites sulfur molecular entity chebi_ontology sulfur molecular entities CHEBI:26835 sulfur molecular entity sulfur molecular entity ChEBI: sulfur molecular entities ChEBI: Any oxacycle having an oxolane (tetrahydrofuran) skeleton. chebi_ontology CHEBI:26912 oxolanes Any oxacycle having an oxolane (tetrahydrofuran) skeleton. ANON:ANON An organic tricyclic compound in which at least one of the rings of the tricyclic skeleton contains one or more heteroatoms. chebi_ontology heterotricyclic compounds organic heterotricyclic compounds CHEBI:26979 organic heterotricyclic compound An organic tricyclic compound in which at least one of the rings of the tricyclic skeleton contains one or more heteroatoms. ANON:ANON heterotricyclic compounds ChEBI: organic heterotricyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:27090 triaziquone chebi_ontology trimethylxanthines CHEBI:27134 trimethylxanthine trimethylxanthines ChEBI: chebi_ontology heterobicyclic compounds organic heterobicyclic compounds CHEBI:27171 organic heterobicyclic compound heterobicyclic compounds ChEBI: organic heterobicyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:27242 uridines A carbamate ester that has formula C3H5NO2. vinyl carbamate chebi_ontology C3H5NO2 InChI=1S/C3H5NO2/c1-2-6-3(4)5/h2H,1H2,(H2,4,5) InChIKey=LVLANIHJQRZTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(=O)OC=C carbamic acid, vinyl ester ethenyl carbamate CHEBI:27292 vinyl carbamate A carbamate ester that has formula C3H5NO2. ANON:ANON vinyl carbamate IUPAC: C3H5NO2 ChEBI: InChI=1S/C3H5NO2/c1-2-6-3(4)5/h2H,1H2,(H2,4,5) ChEBI: InChIKey=LVLANIHJQRZTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: NC(=O)OC=C ChEBI: carbamic acid, vinyl ester ChemIDplus: ethenyl carbamate ChemIDplus: A mitomycin that has formula C15H18N4O5. Mitomycin C [(1aS,8S,8aR,8bS)-6-amino-8a-methoxy-5-methyl-4,7-dioxo-1,1a,2,4,7,8,8a,8b-octahydroazirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-a]indol-8-yl]methyl carbamate chebi_ontology 7-Amino-9alpha-methoxymitosane Ametycine C15H18N4O5 InChI=1S/C15H18N4O5/c1-5-9(16)12(21)8-6(4-24-14(17)22)15(23-2)13-7(18-13)3-19(15)10(8)11(5)20/h6-7,13,18H,3-4,16H2,1-2H3,(H2,17,22)/t6-,7+,13+,15-/m1/s1 InChIKey=NWIBSHFKIJFRCO-WUDYKRTCSA-N MMC Mitocin-C Mitomycin Mutamycin [H][C@]12CN3C4=C([C@@H](COC(N)=O)[C@@]3(OC)[C@@]1([H])N2)C(=O)C(N)=C(C)C4=O CHEBI:27504 mitomycin C A mitomycin that has formula C15H18N4O5. ANON:ANON Mitomycin C KEGG COMPOUND: [(1aS,8S,8aR,8bS)-6-amino-8a-methoxy-5-methyl-4,7-dioxo-1,1a,2,4,7,8,8a,8b-octahydroazirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-a]indol-8-yl]methyl carbamate IUPAC: 7-Amino-9alpha-methoxymitosane ChemIDplus: Ametycine ChemIDplus: C15H18N4O5 KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C15H18N4O5/c1-5-9(16)12(21)8-6(4-24-14(17)22)15(23-2)13-7(18-13)3-19(15)10(8)11(5)20/h6-7,13,18H,3-4,16H2,1-2H3,(H2,17,22)/t6-,7+,13+,15-/m1/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=NWIBSHFKIJFRCO-WUDYKRTCSA-N ChEBI: MMC ChemIDplus: Mitocin-C ChemIDplus: Mitomycin KEGG COMPOUND: Mutamycin ChemIDplus: [H][C@]12CN3C4=C([C@@H](COC(N)=O)[C@@]3(OC)[C@@]1([H])N2)C(=O)C(N)=C(C)C4=O ChEBI: An actinomycin that has formula C62H86N12O16. 2-amino-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-1-N,9-N-bis-[(18aS)-10c,14,17-trimethyl-5,8,12,15,18-pentaoxo-6c,13t-di(propan-2-yl)-18ar-hexadecahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-i][1,4,7,10,13]oxatetraazacyclohexadecin-9c-yl]-3H-phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide Actinomycin D chebi_ontology 2-amino-N,N'-bis(hexadecahydro-2,5,9-trimethyl-6,13-bis(1-methylethyl)-1,4,7,11,14-pentaoxo-1H-pyrrolo(2,1-i)(1,4,7,10,13)oxatetra-azacyclohexadecin-10-yl)-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-3H-phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide ActD C62H86N12O16 Dactinomycin InChI=1S/C62H86N12O16/c1-27(2)42-59(84)73-23-17-19-36(73)57(82)69(13)25-38(75)71(15)48(29(5)6)61(86)88-33(11)44(55(80)65-42)67-53(78)35-22-21-31(9)51-46(35)64-47-40(41(63)50(77)32(10)52(47)90-51)54(79)68-45-34(12)89-62(87)49(30(7)8)72(16)39(76)26-70(14)58(83)37-20-18-24-74(37)60(85)43(28(3)4)66-56(45)81/h21-22,27-30,33-34,36-37,42-45,48-49H,17-20,23-26,63H2,1-16H3,(H,65,80)(H,66,81)(H,67,78)(H,68,79)/t33-,34-,36+,37+,42-,43-,44+,45+,48+,49+/m1/s1 InChIKey=RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N [H][C@@]12CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)c1ccc(C)c3oc4c(C)c(=O)c(N)c(C(=O)N[C@H]5[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C(=O)[C@]6([H])CCCN6C(=O)[C@H](NC5=O)C(C)C)c4nc13)[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C2=O)C(C)C actinomycin C1 actinomycin IV CHEBI:27666 actinomycin D An actinomycin that has formula C62H86N12O16. ANON:ANON 2-amino-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-1-N,9-N-bis-[(18aS)-10c,14,17-trimethyl-5,8,12,15,18-pentaoxo-6c,13t-di(propan-2-yl)-18ar-hexadecahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-i][1,4,7,10,13]oxatetraazacyclohexadecin-9c-yl]-3H-phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide IUPAC: Actinomycin D KEGG COMPOUND: 2-amino-N,N'-bis(hexadecahydro-2,5,9-trimethyl-6,13-bis(1-methylethyl)-1,4,7,11,14-pentaoxo-1H-pyrrolo(2,1-i)(1,4,7,10,13)oxatetra-azacyclohexadecin-10-yl)-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-3H-phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide ChemIDplus: ActD ChEBI: C62H86N12O16 KEGG COMPOUND: Dactinomycin KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C62H86N12O16/c1-27(2)42-59(84)73-23-17-19-36(73)57(82)69(13)25-38(75)71(15)48(29(5)6)61(86)88-33(11)44(55(80)65-42)67-53(78)35-22-21-31(9)51-46(35)64-47-40(41(63)50(77)32(10)52(47)90-51)54(79)68-45-34(12)89-62(87)49(30(7)8)72(16)39(76)26-70(14)58(83)37-20-18-24-74(37)60(85)43(28(3)4)66-56(45)81/h21-22,27-30,33-34,36-37,42-45,48-49H,17-20,23-26,63H2,1-16H3,(H,65,80)(H,66,81)(H,67,78)(H,68,79)/t33-,34-,36+,37+,42-,43-,44+,45+,48+,49+/m1/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N ChEBI: [H][C@@]12CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)c1ccc(C)c3oc4c(C)c(=O)c(N)c(C(=O)N[C@H]5[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C(=O)[C@]6([H])CCCN6C(=O)[C@H](NC5=O)C(C)C)c4nc13)[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C2=O)C(C)C ChEBI: actinomycin C1 ChEBI: actinomycin IV ChemIDplus: A trimethylxanthine in which the three methyl groups are located at positions 1, 3, and 7. 1,3,7-trimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione CAFFEINE Caffeine chebi_ontology 1,3,7-trimethyl-2,6-dioxopurine 1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine 1-methyltheobromine 3,7-Dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purin-2,6-dion 7-methyltheophylline C8H10N4O2 Cn1cnc2n(C)c(=O)n(C)c(=O)c12 Coffein InChI=1S/C8H10N4O2/c1-10-4-9-6-5(10)7(13)12(3)8(14)11(6)2/h4H,1-3H3 InChIKey=RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Koffein Thein anhydrous caffeine cafeina cafeine guaranine mateina methyltheobromine teina theine CHEBI:27732 caffeine A trimethylxanthine in which the three methyl groups are located at positions 1, 3, and 7. ANON:ANON 1,3,7-trimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione IUPAC: CAFFEINE PDBeChem: Caffeine KEGG COMPOUND: 1,3,7-trimethyl-2,6-dioxopurine ChemIDplus: 1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione IUPHAR: 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine NIST Chemistry WebBook: 1-methyltheobromine ChemIDplus: 3,7-Dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purin-2,6-dion NIST Chemistry WebBook: 7-methyltheophylline NIST Chemistry WebBook: C8H10N4O2 KEGG COMPOUND: Cn1cnc2n(C)c(=O)n(C)c(=O)c12 ChEBI: Coffein ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C8H10N4O2/c1-10-4-9-6-5(10)7(13)12(3)8(14)11(6)2/h4H,1-3H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Koffein ChemIDplus: Thein ChemIDplus: anhydrous caffeine KEGG DRUG: cafeina ChemIDplus: cafeine ChEBI: guaranine IUPHAR: mateina ChemIDplus: methyltheobromine IUPHAR: teina ChEBI: theine NIST Chemistry WebBook: A chloroethane that has formula C2H4Cl2. 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE 1,2-Dichloroethane 1,2-dichloroethane chebi_ontology 1,2-DCE 1,2-Dichloraethan Aethylenchlorid Aethylendichlorid C2H4Cl2 ClCCCl DCE Dutch liquid EDC Ethylene dichloride Glycol dichloride InChI=1S/C2H4Cl2/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H2 InChIKey=WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha,beta-dichloroethane ethane dichloride ethylene chloride CHEBI:27789 1,2-dichloroethane A chloroethane that has formula C2H4Cl2. ANON:ANON 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE PDBeChem: 1,2-Dichloroethane KEGG COMPOUND: 1,2-dichloroethane IUPAC: 1,2-DCE NIST Chemistry WebBook: 1,2-Dichloraethan ChEBI: Aethylenchlorid ChEBI: Aethylendichlorid ChEBI: C2H4Cl2 KEGG COMPOUND: ClCCCl ChEBI: DCE ChemIDplus: Dutch liquid KEGG COMPOUND: EDC ChemIDplus: Ethylene dichloride KEGG COMPOUND: Glycol dichloride KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C2H4Cl2/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: alpha,beta-dichloroethane NIST Chemistry WebBook: ethane dichloride ChemIDplus: ethylene chloride ChemIDplus: A platinum-containing anticancer drug that interacts with, and forms cross-links between, DNA and proteins. It is used as a neoplasm inhibitor to treat solid tumours, primarily of the testis and ovary. (SP-4-2)-diamminedichloridoplatinum (SP-4-2)-diamminedichloroplatinum Cisplatin cis-diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) chebi_ontology Briplatin Cismaplat Cl2H6N2Pt H6Cl2N2Pt InChI=1S/2ClH.2H3N.Pt/h2*1H;2*1H3;/q;;;;+2/p-2 InChIKey=LXZZYRPGZAFOLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Lederplatin Neoplatin Peyrone's chloride Peyrone's salt Platamine Platinex Platinol Randa [H][N]([H])([H])[Pt](Cl)(Cl)[N]([H])([H])[H] cis-DDP cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] cis-diamminedichloroplatinum cis-diammineplatinum(II) dichloride cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) cis-platin cisplatin cisplatine cisplatino cisplatinum CHEBI:27899 cisplatin A platinum-containing anticancer drug that interacts with, and forms cross-links between, DNA and proteins. It is used as a neoplasm inhibitor to treat solid tumours, primarily of the testis and ovary. ANON:ANON (SP-4-2)-diamminedichloridoplatinum IUPAC: (SP-4-2)-diamminedichloroplatinum IUPAC: Cisplatin KEGG COMPOUND: cis-diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) IUPAC: cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) IUPAC: Briplatin ChemIDplus: Cismaplat DrugBank: Cl2H6N2Pt ChEBI: H6Cl2N2Pt KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/2ClH.2H3N.Pt/h2*1H;2*1H3;/q;;;;+2/p-2 ChEBI: InChIKey=LXZZYRPGZAFOLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L ChEBI: Lederplatin DrugBank: Neoplatin DrugBank: Peyrone's chloride ChemIDplus: Peyrone's salt ChEBI: Platamine DrugBank: Platinex DrugBank: Platinol KEGG DRUG: Randa DrugBank: [H][N]([H])([H])[Pt](Cl)(Cl)[N]([H])([H])[H] ChEBI: cis-DDP ChemIDplus: cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] MolBase: cis-diamminedichloroplatinum ChemIDplus: cis-diammineplatinum(II) dichloride ChemIDplus: cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) ChemIDplus: cis-platin ChEBI: cisplatin ChemIDplus: cisplatine ChemIDplus: cisplatino ChemIDplus: cisplatinum ChemIDplus: A 1,3,5-triazine that has formula C9H12N6. 2,4,6-tri(aziridin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine tretamine chebi_ontology 2,4,6-tri(1-aziridinyl)-1,3,5-triazine 2,4,6-tris(1-aziridinyl)-1,3,5-triazine 2,4,6-tris(1-aziridinyl)-s-triazine 2,4,6-tris(aziridin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine C1CN1c1nc(nc(n1)N1CC1)N1CC1 C9H12N6 InChI=1S/C9H12N6/c1-2-13(1)7-10-8(14-3-4-14)12-9(11-7)15-5-6-15/h1-6H2 InChIKey=IUCJMVBFZDHPDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N TEM Triethylenemelamine Trisaziridinyltriazine CHEBI:27919 tretamine A 1,3,5-triazine that has formula C9H12N6. ANON:ANON 2,4,6-tri(aziridin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine IUPAC: tretamine ChemIDplus: 2,4,6-tri(1-aziridinyl)-1,3,5-triazine NIST Chemistry WebBook: 2,4,6-tris(1-aziridinyl)-1,3,5-triazine NIST Chemistry WebBook: 2,4,6-tris(1-aziridinyl)-s-triazine NIST Chemistry WebBook: 2,4,6-tris(aziridin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine ChEBI: C1CN1c1nc(nc(n1)N1CC1)N1CC1 ChEBI: C9H12N6 KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C9H12N6/c1-2-13(1)7-10-8(14-3-4-14)12-9(11-7)15-5-6-15/h1-6H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=IUCJMVBFZDHPDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: TEM ChEBI: Triethylenemelamine KEGG COMPOUND: Trisaziridinyltriazine KEGG COMPOUND: A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents. (methanesulfinyl)methane DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE Dimethyl sulfoxide dimethyl sulfoxide chebi_ontology (CH3)2SO C2H6OS CS(C)=O DMSO Dimethylsulfoxid InChI=1S/C2H6OS/c1-4(2)3/h1-2H3 InChIKey=IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N S(O)Me2 dimethyl sulfoxide dimethyl sulfur oxide dimethyl sulphoxide dimethyli sulfoxidum dimethylsulfoxyde dimetil sulfoxido dmso methylsulfinylmethane sulfinylbis(methane) CHEBI:28262 dimethyl sulfoxide A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents. ANON:ANON (methanesulfinyl)methane IUPAC: DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE PDBeChem: Dimethyl sulfoxide KEGG COMPOUND: dimethyl sulfoxide IUPAC: dimethyl sulfoxide UniProt: (CH3)2SO NIST Chemistry WebBook: C2H6OS KEGG COMPOUND: CS(C)=O ChEBI: DMSO KEGG COMPOUND: Dimethylsulfoxid ChEBI: InChI=1S/C2H6OS/c1-4(2)3/h1-2H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: S(O)Me2 ChEBI: dimethyl sulfoxide ChemIDplus: dimethyl sulfur oxide NIST Chemistry WebBook: dimethyl sulphoxide ChemIDplus: dimethyli sulfoxidum ChemIDplus: dimethylsulfoxyde ChemIDplus: dimetil sulfoxido ChemIDplus: dmso IUPAC: methylsulfinylmethane ChemIDplus: sulfinylbis(methane) ChemIDplus: A bromoalkane that has formula C2H4Br2. 1,2-Dibromoethane 1,2-dibromoethane chebi_ontology BrCCBr C2H4Br2 DBE EDB Ethylene dibromide InChI=1S/C2H4Br2/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H2 InChIKey=PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha,beta-dibromoethane alpha,omega-dibromoethane ethylene bromide sym-Dibromoethane CHEBI:28534 1,2-dibromoethane A bromoalkane that has formula C2H4Br2. ANON:ANON 1,2-Dibromoethane KEGG COMPOUND: 1,2-dibromoethane IUPAC: BrCCBr ChEBI: C2H4Br2 KEGG COMPOUND: DBE NIST Chemistry WebBook: EDB NIST Chemistry WebBook: Ethylene dibromide KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C2H4Br2/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: alpha,beta-dibromoethane NIST Chemistry WebBook: alpha,omega-dibromoethane ChemIDplus: ethylene bromide NIST Chemistry WebBook: sym-Dibromoethane ChemIDplus: A metal fluoride salt with a Na(+) counterion. Sodium fluoride sodium fluoride chebi_ontology FNa InChI=1S/FH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 InChIKey=PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Na.F NaF [F-].[Na+] CHEBI:28741 sodium fluoride A metal fluoride salt with a Na(+) counterion. ANON:ANON Sodium fluoride KEGG COMPOUND: sodium fluoride IUPAC: FNa ChEBI: InChI=1S/FH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 ChEBI: InChIKey=PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M ChEBI: Na.F KEGG COMPOUND: NaF IUPAC: [F-].[Na+] ChEBI: A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside Hesperidin hesperidin chebi_ontology (S)-(-)-hesperidin C28H34O15 COc1ccc(cc1O)[C@@H]1CC(=O)c2c(O)cc(O[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO[C@@H]4O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)cc2O1 Cirantin Ciratin Hesperetin 7-O-rutinoside Hesperidoside InChI=1S/C28H34O15/c1-10-21(32)23(34)25(36)27(40-10)39-9-19-22(33)24(35)26(37)28(43-19)41-12-6-14(30)20-15(31)8-17(42-18(20)7-12)11-3-4-16(38-2)13(29)5-11/h3-7,10,17,19,21-30,32-37H,8-9H2,1-2H3/t10-,17-,19+,21-,22+,23+,24-,25+,26+,27+,28+/m0/s1 InChIKey=QUQPHWDTPGMPEX-QJBIFVCTSA-N CHEBI:28775 hesperidin A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. ANON:ANON (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside IUPAC: Hesperidin KEGG COMPOUND: hesperidin UniProt: (S)-(-)-hesperidin ChemIDplus: C28H34O15 KEGG COMPOUND: COc1ccc(cc1O)[C@@H]1CC(=O)c2c(O)cc(O[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO[C@@H]4O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)cc2O1 ChEBI: Cirantin ChemIDplus: Ciratin KEGG COMPOUND: Hesperetin 7-O-rutinoside KEGG COMPOUND: Hesperidoside ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C28H34O15/c1-10-21(32)23(34)25(36)27(40-10)39-9-19-22(33)24(35)26(37)28(43-19)41-12-6-14(30)20-15(31)8-17(42-18(20)7-12)11-3-4-16(38-2)13(29)5-11/h3-7,10,17,19,21-30,32-37H,8-9H2,1-2H3/t10-,17-,19+,21-,22+,23+,24-,25+,26+,27+,28+/m0/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=QUQPHWDTPGMPEX-QJBIFVCTSA-N ChEBI: A nitrogen mustard that has formula C14H19Cl2NO2. 4-{4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl}butanoic acid CHLORAMBUCIL Chlorambucil chebi_ontology 4-(p-bis(beta-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)butyric acid 4-[p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butyric acid Ambochlorin C14H19Cl2NO2 InChI=1S/C14H19Cl2NO2/c15-8-10-17(11-9-16)13-6-4-12(5-7-13)2-1-3-14(18)19/h4-7H,1-3,8-11H2,(H,18,19) InChIKey=JCKYGMPEJWAADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leukeran N,N-di-2-chloroethyl-gamma-p-aminophenylbutyric acid OC(=O)CCCc1ccc(cc1)N(CCCl)CCCl chloraminophen gamma-[p-di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl]butyric acid phenylbutyric acid nitrogen mustard CHEBI:28830 chlorambucil A nitrogen mustard that has formula C14H19Cl2NO2. ANON:ANON 4-{4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl}butanoic acid IUPAC: CHLORAMBUCIL PDBeChem: Chlorambucil KEGG DRUG: 4-(p-bis(beta-chloroethyl)aminophenyl)butyric acid NIST Chemistry WebBook: 4-[p-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butyric acid NIST Chemistry WebBook: Ambochlorin NIST Chemistry WebBook: C14H19Cl2NO2 KEGG DRUG: InChI=1S/C14H19Cl2NO2/c15-8-10-17(11-9-16)13-6-4-12(5-7-13)2-1-3-14(18)19/h4-7H,1-3,8-11H2,(H,18,19) ChEBI: InChIKey=JCKYGMPEJWAADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Leukeran NIST Chemistry WebBook: N,N-di-2-chloroethyl-gamma-p-aminophenylbutyric acid NIST Chemistry WebBook: OC(=O)CCCc1ccc(cc1)N(CCCl)CCCl ChEBI: chloraminophen ChemIDplus: gamma-[p-di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl]butyric acid NIST Chemistry WebBook: phenylbutyric acid nitrogen mustard ChemIDplus: Members of the class of flavans with a 3,4-dihydro-2-aryl-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one skeleton and its substituted derivatives. chebi_ontology 2,3-dihydroflavones [*]c1c([*])c([*])c(c([*])c1[*])C1([*])Oc2c([*])c([*])c([*])c([*])c2C(=O)C1([*])[*] a flavanone CHEBI:28863 flavanones Members of the class of flavans with a 3,4-dihydro-2-aryl-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one skeleton and its substituted derivatives. ANON:ANON 2,3-dihydroflavones ChEBI: [*]c1c([*])c([*])c(c([*])c1[*])C1([*])Oc2c([*])c([*])c([*])c([*])c2C(=O)C1([*])[*] ChEBI: a flavanone UniProt: A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring. 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-L-phenylalanine chebi_ontology 3-(p-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-L-alanine 3-p-(Di(2-chloroethyl)amino)-phenyl-L-alanine 4-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-L-phenylalanine C13H18Cl2N2O2 InChI=1S/C13H18Cl2N2O2/c14-5-7-17(8-6-15)11-3-1-10(2-4-11)9-12(16)13(18)19/h1-4,12H,5-9,16H2,(H,18,19)/t12-/m0/s1 InChIKey=SGDBTWWWUNNDEQ-LBPRGKRZSA-N L-3-(p-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)alanine L-PAM L-Phenylalanine mustard L-Sarcolysine N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(cc1)N(CCCl)CCCl)C(O)=O Phenylalanine mustard Phenylalanine nitrogen mustard melfalano melphalan melphalanum p-Bis(beta-chloroethyl)aminophenylalanine p-Di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine p-L-Sarcolysin p-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine p-N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine CHEBI:28876 melphalan A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring. ANON:ANON 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-L-phenylalanine IUPAC: 3-(p-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-L-alanine ChemIDplus: 3-p-(Di(2-chloroethyl)amino)-phenyl-L-alanine ChemIDplus: 4-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-L-phenylalanine ChemIDplus: C13H18Cl2N2O2 ChEBI: InChI=1S/C13H18Cl2N2O2/c14-5-7-17(8-6-15)11-3-1-10(2-4-11)9-12(16)13(18)19/h1-4,12H,5-9,16H2,(H,18,19)/t12-/m0/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=SGDBTWWWUNNDEQ-LBPRGKRZSA-N ChEBI: L-3-(p-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)alanine ChemIDplus: L-PAM ChemIDplus: L-Phenylalanine mustard ChemIDplus: L-Sarcolysine ChemIDplus: N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(cc1)N(CCCl)CCCl)C(O)=O ChEBI: Phenylalanine mustard ChemIDplus: Phenylalanine nitrogen mustard ChemIDplus: melfalano ChemIDplus: melphalan KEGG DRUG: melphalanum ChemIDplus: p-Bis(beta-chloroethyl)aminophenylalanine ChemIDplus: p-Di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine ChemIDplus: p-L-Sarcolysin ChemIDplus: p-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine ChEBI: p-N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine ChemIDplus: A methanesulfonate ester that is butane-1,4-diol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups are replaced by methanesulfonyl groups. An alkylating antineoplastic agent, it is used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (although it has been largely replaced by newer drugs). It is also used as an insect sterilant. Busulfan butane-1,4-diyl dimethanesulfonate chebi_ontology 1,4-Bis(methanesulfonoxy)butane 1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate 1,4-Dimesyloxybutane 1,4-Dimethanesulfonoxybutane Bisulfex C6H14O6S2 CS(=O)(=O)OCCCCOS(C)(=O)=O InChI=1S/C6H14O6S2/c1-13(7,8)11-5-3-4-6-12-14(2,9)10/h3-6H2,1-2H3 InChIKey=COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leucosulfan Mablin Mielucin Misulban Mitostan Myeloleukon Myleran Tetramethylene bis(methanesulfonate) busulfan busulfano busulfanum CHEBI:28901 busulfan A methanesulfonate ester that is butane-1,4-diol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups are replaced by methanesulfonyl groups. An alkylating antineoplastic agent, it is used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (although it has been largely replaced by newer drugs). It is also used as an insect sterilant. ANON:ANON Busulfan KEGG DRUG: butane-1,4-diyl dimethanesulfonate IUPAC: 1,4-Bis(methanesulfonoxy)butane ChemIDplus: 1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate ChemIDplus: 1,4-Dimesyloxybutane ChemIDplus: 1,4-Dimethanesulfonoxybutane ChemIDplus: Bisulfex ChEBI: C6H14O6S2 ChEBI: CS(=O)(=O)OCCCCOS(C)(=O)=O ChEBI: InChI=1S/C6H14O6S2/c1-13(7,8)11-5-3-4-6-12-14(2,9)10/h3-6H2,1-2H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Leucosulfan ChEBI: Mablin ChEBI: Mielucin ChEBI: Misulban ChEBI: Mitostan ChEBI: Myeloleukon ChEBI: Myleran KEGG DRUG: Tetramethylene bis(methanesulfonate) ChemIDplus: busulfan WHO MedNet: busulfano WHO MedNet: busulfanum WHO MedNet: A benzophenanthridine alkaloid that has formula C21H20NO4. 2-hydroxy-3,8,9-trimethoxy-5-methylbenzo[c]phenanthridinium Fagaronine chebi_ontology C21H20NO4 COc1cc2c(ccc3c4cc(OC)c(OC)cc4c[n+](C)c23)cc1O InChI=1S/C21H19NO4/c1-22-11-13-8-19(25-3)20(26-4)9-15(13)14-6-5-12-7-17(23)18(24-2)10-16(12)21(14)22/h5-11H,1-4H3/p+1 InChIKey=OOKZVPUCASIEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-O CHEBI:28954 fagaronine A benzophenanthridine alkaloid that has formula C21H20NO4. ANON:ANON 2-hydroxy-3,8,9-trimethoxy-5-methylbenzo[c]phenanthridinium IUPAC: Fagaronine KEGG COMPOUND: C21H20NO4 KEGG COMPOUND: COc1cc2c(ccc3c4cc(OC)c(OC)cc4c[n+](C)c23)cc1O ChEBI: InChI=1S/C21H19NO4/c1-22-11-13-8-19(25-3)20(26-4)9-15(13)14-6-5-12-7-17(23)18(24-2)10-16(12)21(14)22/h5-11H,1-4H3/p+1 ChEBI: InChIKey=OOKZVPUCASIEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-O ChEBI: The conjugate base formed when the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid is deprotonated. chebi_ontology CO2R [O-]C([*])=O a carboxylate carboxylic acid anions carboxylic anions CHEBI:29067 carboxylic acid anion The conjugate base formed when the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid is deprotonated. ANON:ANON CO2R ChEBI: [O-]C([*])=O ChEBI: a carboxylate UniProt: carboxylic acid anions ChEBI: carboxylic anions ChEBI: alkyl sulfate chebi_ontology alkyl sulfates CHEBI:29281 alkyl sulfate alkyl sulfate UniProt: alkyl sulfates ChEBI: An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings. Benzo[a]pyrene benzo[pqr]tetraphene chebi_ontology (B(a)P) 3,4-BP 3,4-Benzopyrene 3,4-Benzpyrene BP Benzo(a)pyrene Benzpyrene C20H12 InChI=1S/C20H12/c1-2-7-17-15(4-1)12-16-9-8-13-5-3-6-14-10-11-18(17)20(16)19(13)14/h1-12H InChIKey=FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[def]chrysene c1ccc2c(c1)cc1ccc3cccc4ccc2c1c34 CHEBI:29865 benzo[a]pyrene An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings. ANON:ANON Benzo[a]pyrene KEGG COMPOUND: benzo[pqr]tetraphene IUPAC: (B(a)P) ChEBI: 3,4-BP NIST Chemistry WebBook: 3,4-Benzopyrene NIST Chemistry WebBook: 3,4-Benzpyrene NIST Chemistry WebBook: BP NIST Chemistry WebBook: Benzo(a)pyrene ChemIDplus: Benzpyrene KEGG COMPOUND: C20H12 KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C20H12/c1-2-7-17-15(4-1)12-16-9-8-13-5-3-6-14-10-11-18(17)20(16)19(13)14/h1-12H ChEBI: InChIKey=FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: benzo[def]chrysene ChEBI: c1ccc2c(c1)cc1ccc3cccc4ccc2c1c34 ChEBI: A compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom. Alcohol alcohols chebi_ontology CHOR3 OC([*])([*])[*] CHEBI:30879 alcohol A compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom. ANON:ANON Alcohol KEGG COMPOUND: alcohols IUPAC: CHOR3 ChEBI: OC([*])([*])[*] ChEBI: A member of the aziridines that has formula C2H5N. Aziridine aziridine chebi_ontology C1CN1 C2H5N EI InChI=1S/C2H5N/c1-2-3-1/h3H,1-2H2 InChIKey=NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azacyclopropane dimethyleneimine ethyleneimine ethylenimine CHEBI:30969 aziridine A member of the aziridines that has formula C2H5N. ANON:ANON Aziridine KEGG COMPOUND: aziridine IUPAC: C1CN1 ChEBI: C2H5N KEGG COMPOUND: EI NIST Chemistry WebBook: InChI=1S/C2H5N/c1-2-3-1/h3H,1-2H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: azacyclopropane NIST Chemistry WebBook: dimethyleneimine NIST Chemistry WebBook: ethyleneimine ChemIDplus: ethylenimine NIST Chemistry WebBook: Any cyclic ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a 3-membered ring. Epoxide epoxides chebi_ontology Alkene oxide C2H2OR2 Olefin oxide an epoxide epoxides CHEBI:32955 epoxide Any cyclic ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a 3-membered ring. ANON:ANON Epoxide KEGG COMPOUND: epoxides IUPAC: Alkene oxide KEGG COMPOUND: C2H2OR2 KEGG COMPOUND: Olefin oxide KEGG COMPOUND: an epoxide UniProt: epoxides ChEBI: An amide is a derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. Amide amides chebi_ontology CHEBI:32988 amide An amide is a derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. ANON:ANON Amide KEGG COMPOUND: amides IUPAC: A member of the boric acids that has formula BH3O3. BORIC ACID Boric acid boric acid trihydroxidoboron chebi_ontology B(OH)3 BH3O3 H3BO3 InChI=1S/BH3O3/c2-1(3)4/h2-4H InChIKey=KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B(OH)3] [H]OB(O[H])O[H] boron trihydroxide orthoboric acid CHEBI:33118 boric acid A member of the boric acids that has formula BH3O3. ANON:ANON BORIC ACID PDBeChem: Boric acid KEGG COMPOUND: boric acid IUPAC: trihydroxidoboron IUPAC: B(OH)3 NIST Chemistry WebBook: BH3O3 KEGG COMPOUND: H3BO3 IUPAC: InChI=1S/BH3O3/c2-1(3)4/h2-4H ChEBI: InChIKey=KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: [B(OH)3] MolBase: [H]OB(O[H])O[H] ChEBI: boron trihydroxide NIST Chemistry WebBook: orthoboric acid NIST Chemistry WebBook: boron oxoacid chebi_ontology boron oxoacids oxoacids of boron CHEBI:33145 boron oxoacid boron oxoacid ChEBI: boron oxoacids ChEBI: oxoacids of boron ChEBI: An assembly consisting of a central atom (usually metallic) to which is attached a surrounding array of other groups of atoms (ligands). coordination entities coordination entity chebi_ontology coordination compounds CHEBI:33240 coordination entity An assembly consisting of a central atom (usually metallic) to which is attached a surrounding array of other groups of atoms (ligands). ANON:ANON coordination entities IUPAC: coordination entity IUPAC: coordination compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology oxoacid derivatives CHEBI:33241 oxoacid derivative oxoacid derivatives ChEBI: An organic fundamental parent is a structure used as a basis for substitutive names in organic nomenclature, containing, in addition to one or more hydrogen atoms, a single atom of an element, a number of atoms (alike or different) linked together to form an unbranched chain, a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system, or a ring assembly or ring/chain system. chebi_ontology organic fundamental parents organic parent hydrides CHEBI:33245 organic fundamental parent An organic fundamental parent is a structure used as a basis for substitutive names in organic nomenclature, containing, in addition to one or more hydrogen atoms, a single atom of an element, a number of atoms (alike or different) linked together to form an unbranched chain, a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system, or a ring assembly or ring/chain system. ANON:ANON organic fundamental parents ChEBI: organic parent hydrides ChEBI: A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. atom chebi_ontology atome atomo atoms atomus element elements CHEBI:33250 atom atomus ChEBI: element ChEBI: elements ChEBI: A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. ANON:ANON atom IUPAC: atome IUPAC: atomo IUPAC: atoms ChEBI: A derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. primary amide primary amides chebi_ontology CHEBI:33256 primary amide A derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. ANON:ANON primary amide IUPAC: primary amides IUPAC: An organosulfur compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-sulfur bond. organosulfur compound chebi_ontology organosulfur compounds CHEBI:33261 organosulfur compound An organosulfur compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-sulfur bond. ANON:ANON organosulfur compound ChEBI: organosulfur compounds ChEBI: An anion consisting of more than one atom. chebi_ontology polyatomic anions CHEBI:33273 polyatomic anion An anion consisting of more than one atom. ANON:ANON polyatomic anions ChEBI: A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms. chebi_ontology heteroorganic entities organoelement compounds CHEBI:33285 heteroorganic entity A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms. ANON:ANON heteroorganic entities ChEBI: organoelement compounds ChEBI: A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkali metal. chebi_ontology alkali metal molecular entities CHEBI:33296 alkali metal molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkali metal. ANON:ANON alkali metal molecular entities ChEBI: pnictogen molecular entity chebi_ontology pnictogen molecular entities CHEBI:33302 pnictogen molecular entity pnictogen molecular entity ChEBI: pnictogen molecular entities ChEBI: Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen. chalcogen molecular entity chebi_ontology chalcogen compounds chalcogen molecular entities CHEBI:33304 chalcogen molecular entity Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen. ANON:ANON chalcogen molecular entity ChEBI: chalcogen compounds ChEBI: chalcogen molecular entities ChEBI: An ester of a carboxylic acid. Carboxylic ester carboxylic ester carboxylic esters chebi_ontology CO2R2 carboxylic acid esters CHEBI:33308 carboxylic ester An ester of a carboxylic acid. ANON:ANON Carboxylic ester KEGG COMPOUND: carboxylic ester UniProt: carboxylic esters IUPAC: CO2R2 KEGG COMPOUND: carboxylic acid esters ChEBI: An atom belonging to one of the main groups (found in the s- and p- blocks) of the periodic table. main group elements chebi_ontology Hauptgruppenelement Hauptgruppenelemente main group element CHEBI:33318 main group element atom An atom belonging to one of the main groups (found in the s- and p- blocks) of the periodic table. ANON:ANON main group elements IUPAC: Hauptgruppenelement ChEBI: Hauptgruppenelemente ChEBI: main group element ChEBI: chebi_ontology oxoacids of sulfur sulfur oxoacids CHEBI:33402 sulfur oxoacid oxoacids of sulfur ChEBI: sulfur oxoacids ChEBI: sulfur oxoacid derivative chebi_ontology sulfur oxoacid derivatives CHEBI:33424 sulfur oxoacid derivative sulfur oxoacid derivative ChEBI: sulfur oxoacid derivatives ChEBI: chalcogen oxoacid chebi_ontology chalcogen oxoacids CHEBI:33484 chalcogen oxoacid chalcogen oxoacid ChEBI: chalcogen oxoacids ChEBI: A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a transition element. chebi_ontology transition element molecular entities transition metal molecular entity CHEBI:33497 transition element molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a transition element. ANON:ANON transition element molecular entities ChEBI: transition metal molecular entity ChEBI: An organic derivative of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon. chebi_ontology HO3SR OS([*])(=O)=O organosulfonic acids sulfonic acids CHEBI:33551 organosulfonic acid An organic derivative of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon. ANON:ANON HO3SR ChEBI: OS([*])(=O)=O ChEBI: organosulfonic acids ChEBI: sulfonic acids ChEBI: sulfonic acid derivative chebi_ontology derivatives of sulfonic acid sulfonic acid derivatives CHEBI:33552 sulfonic acid derivative sulfonic acid derivative ChEBI: derivatives of sulfonic acid ChEBI: sulfonic acid derivatives ChEBI: Organic derivatives of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon of an aryl group. chebi_ontology arenesulfonic acids arylsulfonic acid arylsulfonic acids CHEBI:33555 arenesulfonic acid Organic derivatives of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon of an aryl group. ANON:ANON arenesulfonic acids ChEBI: arylsulfonic acid ChEBI: arylsulfonic acids ChEBI: Any main group element atom belonging to the p-block of the periodic table. chebi_ontology p-block element p-block elements CHEBI:33560 p-block element atom Any main group element atom belonging to the p-block of the periodic table. ANON:ANON p-block element ChEBI: p-block elements ChEBI: A carbon oxoacid acid carrying at least one -C(=O)OH group and having the structure RC(=O)OH, where R is any any monovalent functional group. Carboxylic acids are the most common type of organic acid. carboxylic acid carboxylic acids chebi_ontology CHO2R Carbonsaeure Carbonsaeuren Karbonsaeure OC([*])=O RC(=O)OH acide carboxylique acides carboxyliques acido carboxilico acidos carboxilicos CHEBI:33575 carboxylic acid A carbon oxoacid acid carrying at least one -C(=O)OH group and having the structure RC(=O)OH, where R is any any monovalent functional group. Carboxylic acids are the most common type of organic acid. ANON:ANON carboxylic acid IUPAC: carboxylic acids IUPAC: CHO2R ChEBI: Carbonsaeure ChEBI: Carbonsaeuren ChEBI: Karbonsaeure ChEBI: OC([*])=O ChEBI: RC(=O)OH IUPAC: acide carboxylique IUPAC: acides carboxyliques IUPAC: acido carboxilico IUPAC: acidos carboxilicos IUPAC: A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table. chebi_ontology main group compounds main group molecular entities CHEBI:33579 main group molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table. ANON:ANON main group compounds ChEBI: main group molecular entities ChEBI: chebi_ontology boron group molecular entities CHEBI:33581 boron group molecular entity boron group molecular entities ChEBI: carbon group molecular entity chebi_ontology carbon group molecular entities CHEBI:33582 carbon group molecular entity carbon group molecular entity ChEBI: carbon group molecular entities ChEBI: chebi_ontology cyclic compounds CHEBI:33595 cyclic compound cyclic compounds ChEBI: A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of the same element only. homocyclic compound homocyclic compounds chebi_ontology isocyclic compounds CHEBI:33597 homocyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of the same element only. ANON:ANON homocyclic compound IUPAC: homocyclic compounds IUPAC: isocyclic compounds IUPAC: A cyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms. carbocyclic compound carbocyclic compounds chebi_ontology carbocycle CHEBI:33598 carbocyclic compound A cyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms. ANON:ANON carbocyclic compound IUPAC: carbocyclic compounds IUPAC: carbocycle ChEBI: chebi_ontology hydrogen compounds hydrogen molecular entities CHEBI:33608 hydrogen molecular entity hydrogen compounds ChEBI: hydrogen molecular entities ChEBI: chebi_ontology polycyclic compounds CHEBI:33635 polycyclic compound polycyclic compounds ChEBI: A molecule that features two fused rings. chebi_ontology bicyclic compounds CHEBI:33636 bicyclic compound A molecule that features two fused rings. ANON:ANON bicyclic compounds ChEBI: A polycyclic compound in which two rings have two, and only two, atoms in common. Such compounds have n common faces and 2n common atoms. ortho-fused polycyclic compounds chebi_ontology ortho-fused compounds CHEBI:33637 ortho-fused compound A polycyclic compound in which two rings have two, and only two, atoms in common. Such compounds have n common faces and 2n common atoms. ANON:ANON ortho-fused polycyclic compounds IUPAC: ortho-fused compounds ChEBI: A polycyclic compound in which one ring contains two, and only two, atoms in common with each of two or more rings of a contiguous series of rings. Such compounds have n common faces and less than 2n common atoms. ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic compounds chebi_ontology ortho- and peri-fused compounds CHEBI:33639 ortho- and peri-fused compound A polycyclic compound in which one ring contains two, and only two, atoms in common with each of two or more rings of a contiguous series of rings. Such compounds have n common faces and less than 2n common atoms. ANON:ANON ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic compounds IUPAC: ortho- and peri-fused compounds ChEBI: A cyclically conjugated molecular entity with a stability (due to delocalization) significantly greater than that of a hypothetical localized structure (e.g. Kekule structure) is said to possess aromatic character. aromatic compounds aromatic molecular entity chebi_ontology aromatics aromatische Verbindungen CHEBI:33655 aromatic compound A cyclically conjugated molecular entity with a stability (due to delocalization) significantly greater than that of a hypothetical localized structure (e.g. Kekule structure) is said to possess aromatic character. ANON:ANON aromatic compounds IUPAC: aromatic molecular entity IUPAC: aromatics ChEBI: aromatische Verbindungen ChEBI: Any monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. arene arenes chebi_ontology aromatic hydrocarbons CHEBI:33658 arene Any monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. ANON:ANON arene IUPAC: arenes IUPAC: aromatic hydrocarbons IUPAC: chebi_ontology organic aromatic compounds CHEBI:33659 organic aromatic compound organic aromatic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology monocyclic compounds CHEBI:33661 monocyclic compound monocyclic compounds ChEBI: cyclic hydrocarbon chebi_ontology cyclic hydrocarbons CHEBI:33663 cyclic hydrocarbon cyclic hydrocarbon ChEBI: cyclic hydrocarbons ChEBI: polycyclic hydrocarbon polycyclic hydrocarbons chebi_ontology CHEBI:33666 polycyclic hydrocarbon polycyclic hydrocarbon IUPAC: polycyclic hydrocarbons IUPAC: heteromonocyclic compound heteromonocyclic compounds chebi_ontology CHEBI:33670 heteromonocyclic compound heteromonocyclic compound IUPAC: heteromonocyclic compounds IUPAC: heteropolycyclic compounds chebi_ontology polyheterocyclic compounds CHEBI:33671 heteropolycyclic compound heteropolycyclic compounds IUPAC: polyheterocyclic compounds ChEBI: A bicyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one skeletal heteroatom. heterobicyclic compounds chebi_ontology CHEBI:33672 heterobicyclic compound A bicyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one skeletal heteroatom. ANON:ANON heterobicyclic compounds IUPAC: An s-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an s-block element. s-block molecular entity chebi_ontology s-block compounds s-block molecular entities CHEBI:33674 s-block molecular entity An s-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an s-block element. ANON:ANON s-block molecular entity ChEBI: s-block compounds ChEBI: s-block molecular entities ChEBI: A p-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a p-block element. chebi_ontology p-block compounds p-block molecular entities p-block molecular entitiy CHEBI:33675 p-block molecular entity A p-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a p-block element. ANON:ANON p-block compounds ChEBI: p-block molecular entities ChEBI: p-block molecular entitiy ChEBI: A d-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a d-block element. d-block molecular entity chebi_ontology d-block compounds d-block molecular entities CHEBI:33676 d-block molecular entity A d-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a d-block element. ANON:ANON d-block molecular entity ChEBI: d-block compounds ChEBI: d-block molecular entities ChEBI: Hydrides are chemical compounds of hydrogen with other chemical elements. chebi_ontology CHEBI:33692 hydrides Hydrides are chemical compounds of hydrogen with other chemical elements. ANON:ANON A macromolecule formed by a living organism. biopolymer chebi_ontology Biopolymere biomacromolecules biopolymers CHEBI:33694 biomacromolecule A macromolecule formed by a living organism. ANON:ANON biopolymer IUPAC: Biopolymere ChEBI: biomacromolecules ChEBI: biopolymers ChEBI: chebi_ontology genetically encoded biomacromolecules genetically encoded biopolymers information biomacromolecules information biopolymers information macromolecule information macromolecules CHEBI:33695 information biomacromolecule genetically encoded biomacromolecules ChEBI: genetically encoded biopolymers ChEBI: information biomacromolecules ChEBI: information biopolymers ChEBI: information macromolecule ChEBI: information macromolecules ChEBI: A macromolecule made up of nucleotide units and hydrolysable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose and phosphoric acid. nucleic acids chebi_ontology NA Nukleinsaeure Nukleinsaeuren acide nucleique acides nucleiques acido nucleico acidos nucleicos CHEBI:33696 nucleic acid A macromolecule made up of nucleotide units and hydrolysable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose and phosphoric acid. ANON:ANON nucleic acids IUPAC: NA ChEBI: Nukleinsaeure ChEBI: Nukleinsaeuren ChEBI: acide nucleique ChEBI: acides nucleiques ChEBI: acido nucleico ChEBI: acidos nucleicos ChEBI: A carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups. chebi_ontology Aminocarbonsaeure Aminokarbonsaeure Aminosaeure amino acids CHEBI:33709 amino acid A carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups. ANON:ANON Aminocarbonsaeure ChEBI: Aminokarbonsaeure ChEBI: Aminosaeure ChEBI: amino acids ChEBI: nickel group molecular entity chebi_ontology nickel group molecular entities CHEBI:33747 nickel group molecular entity nickel group molecular entity ChEBI: nickel group molecular entities ChEBI: platinum molecular entity chebi_ontology platinum compounds platinum molecular entities CHEBI:33749 platinum molecular entity platinum molecular entity ChEBI: platinum compounds ChEBI: platinum molecular entities ChEBI: An organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom. hydroxy compounds chebi_ontology organic alcohol organic hydroxy compounds CHEBI:33822 organic hydroxy compound An organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom. ANON:ANON hydroxy compounds IUPAC: organic alcohol ChEBI: organic hydroxy compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic cyclic compounds CHEBI:33832 organic cyclic compound organic cyclic compounds ChEBI: A heterocyclic compound formally derived from an arene by replacement of one or more methine (-C=) and/or vinylene (-CH=CH-) groups by trivalent or divalent heteroatoms, respectively, in such a way as to maintain the continuous pi-electron system characteristic of aromatic systems and a number of out-of-plane pi-electrons corresponding to the Hueckel rule (4n+2). heteroarenes chebi_ontology hetarenes CHEBI:33833 heteroarene A heterocyclic compound formally derived from an arene by replacement of one or more methine (-C=) and/or vinylene (-CH=CH-) groups by trivalent or divalent heteroatoms, respectively, in such a way as to maintain the continuous pi-electron system characteristic of aromatic systems and a number of out-of-plane pi-electrons corresponding to the Hueckel rule (4n+2). ANON:ANON heteroarenes IUPAC: hetarenes IUPAC: chebi_ontology benzenoid aromatic compounds benzenoid compound CHEBI:33836 benzenoid aromatic compound benzenoid aromatic compounds ChEBI: benzenoid compound ChEBI: An N-glycosyl compound that has both a nucleobase, normally adenine, guanine, xanthine, thymine, cytosine or uracil, and either a ribose or deoxyribose as functional parents. Nucleoside nucleoside nucleosides chebi_ontology C5H9O4R nucleosides CHEBI:33838 nucleoside An N-glycosyl compound that has both a nucleobase, normally adenine, guanine, xanthine, thymine, cytosine or uracil, and either a ribose or deoxyribose as functional parents. ANON:ANON Nucleoside KEGG COMPOUND: nucleoside UniProt: nucleosides IUPAC: C5H9O4R KEGG COMPOUND: nucleosides ChEBI: A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. macromolecule chebi_ontology macromolecules polymer polymer molecule polymers CHEBI:33839 macromolecule A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. ANON:ANON macromolecule IUPAC: macromolecules ChEBI: polymer ChEBI: polymer molecule IUPAC: polymers ChEBI: A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. chebi_ontology PAH PAHs polycyclic arenes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons CHEBI:33848 polycyclic arene A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. ANON:ANON PAH ChEBI: PAHs ChEBI: polycyclic arenes ChEBI: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ChEBI: Aromatic amino acid aromatic amino acid chebi_ontology C2H4NO2R aromatic amino acids CHEBI:33856 aromatic amino acid Aromatic amino acid KEGG COMPOUND: aromatic amino acid UniProt: C2H4NO2R KEGG COMPOUND: aromatic amino acids ChEBI: chebi_ontology transition element coordination entities transition metal coordination compounds transition metal coordination entities CHEBI:33861 transition element coordination entity transition element coordination entities ChEBI: transition metal coordination compounds ChEBI: transition metal coordination entities ChEBI: platinum coordination entity chebi_ontology platinum coordination compounds platinum coordination entities CHEBI:33862 platinum coordination entity platinum coordination entity ChEBI: platinum coordination compounds ChEBI: platinum coordination entities ChEBI: chebi_ontology halide salts halides CHEBI:33958 halide salt halide salts ChEBI: halides ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:34699 diethyl sulfate A nitrosamine that has formula C4H10N2O. N-Nitrosodiethylamine N-ethyl-N-nitrosoethanamine chebi_ontology 1,1-diethyl-2-oxohydrazine C4H10N2O CCN(CC)N=O DANA DEN Diethylnitrosamine InChI=1S/C4H10N2O/c1-3-6(4-2)5-7/h3-4H2,1-2H3 InChIKey=WBNQDOYYEUMPFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-diethylnitrosamine N,N-diethylnitrosoamine NDEA diethylnitrosoamine CHEBI:34873 N-nitrosodiethylamine A nitrosamine that has formula C4H10N2O. ANON:ANON N-Nitrosodiethylamine KEGG COMPOUND: N-ethyl-N-nitrosoethanamine IUPAC: 1,1-diethyl-2-oxohydrazine NIST Chemistry WebBook: C4H10N2O KEGG COMPOUND: CCN(CC)N=O ChEBI: DANA NIST Chemistry WebBook: DEN NIST Chemistry WebBook: Diethylnitrosamine KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C4H10N2O/c1-3-6(4-2)5-7/h3-4H2,1-2H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=WBNQDOYYEUMPFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: N,N-diethylnitrosamine ChemIDplus: N,N-diethylnitrosoamine ChemIDplus: NDEA KEGG COMPOUND: diethylnitrosoamine ChemIDplus: chebi_ontology sulfate salts sulfates sulphate salts sulphates CHEBI:35175 sulfate salt sulfate salts ChEBI: sulfates ChEBI: sulphate salts ChEBI: sulphates ChEBI: A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction. inhibitor chebi_ontology inhibidor inhibiteur inhibitors CHEBI:35222 inhibitor A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction. ANON:ANON inhibitor IUPAC: inhibidor ChEBI: inhibiteur ChEBI: inhibitors ChEBI: chebi_ontology fused compounds fused polycyclic compounds fused-ring polycyclic compound fused-ring polycyclic compounds polycyclic fused-ring compounds CHEBI:35293 fused compound fused compounds ChEBI: fused polycyclic compounds ChEBI: fused-ring polycyclic compound ChEBI: fused-ring polycyclic compounds ChEBI: polycyclic fused-ring compounds ChEBI: A polyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms. chebi_ontology carbopolycyclic compounds CHEBI:35294 carbopolycyclic compound A polyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms. ANON:ANON carbopolycyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology homopolycyclic compounds CHEBI:35295 homopolycyclic compound homopolycyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology ortho-fused polycyclic arenes CHEBI:35296 ortho-fused polycyclic arene ortho-fused polycyclic arenes ChEBI: An ortho-fused polycyclic arene that has formula C22H14. Dibenz[a,h]anthracene chebi_ontology 1,2:5,6-Dibenzanthracene C22H14 DBA InChI=1S/C22H14/c1-3-7-19-15(5-1)9-11-17-14-22-18(13-21(17)19)12-10-16-6-2-4-8-20(16)22/h1-14H InChIKey=LHRCREOYAASXPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1ccc2c(c1)ccc1cc3c(ccc4ccccc34)cc21 CHEBI:35299 dibenz[a,h]anthracene An ortho-fused polycyclic arene that has formula C22H14. ANON:ANON Dibenz[a,h]anthracene KEGG COMPOUND: 1,2:5,6-Dibenzanthracene KEGG COMPOUND: C22H14 KEGG COMPOUND: DBA ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C22H14/c1-3-7-19-15(5-1)9-11-17-14-22-18(13-21(17)19)12-10-16-6-2-4-8-20(16)22/h1-14H ChEBI: InChIKey=LHRCREOYAASXPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: c1ccc2c(c1)ccc1cc3c(ccc4ccccc34)cc21 ChEBI: chebi_ontology ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenes CHEBI:35300 ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenes ChEBI: Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. organonitrogen compounds chebi_ontology organonitrogens CHEBI:35352 organonitrogen compound Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. ANON:ANON organonitrogen compounds IUPAC: organonitrogens ChEBI: An oxoanion is an anion derived from an oxoacid by loss of hydron(s) bound to oxygen. oxoanion chebi_ontology oxoacid anions oxoanions CHEBI:35406 oxoanion An oxoanion is an anion derived from an oxoacid by loss of hydron(s) bound to oxygen. ANON:ANON oxoanion ChEBI: oxoacid anions ChEBI: oxoanions ChEBI: ortho-fused polycyclic hydrocarbon chebi_ontology ortho-fused polycyclic hydrocarbons CHEBI:35427 ortho-fused polycyclic hydrocarbon ortho-fused polycyclic hydrocarbon ChEBI: ortho-fused polycyclic hydrocarbons ChEBI: chebi_ontology alkali metal salts CHEBI:35479 alkali metal salt alkali metal salts ChEBI: An addition compound contains two or more simpler compounds that can be packed in a definite ratio into a crystal. The term covers donor-acceptor complexes (adducts) and a variety of lattice compounds. chebi_ontology addition compounds CHEBI:35504 addition compound An addition compound contains two or more simpler compounds that can be packed in a definite ratio into a crystal. The term covers donor-acceptor complexes (adducts) and a variety of lattice compounds. ANON:ANON addition compounds ChEBI: heterocyclic parent hydrides chebi_ontology heterocyclic fundamental parent heterocyclic organic fundamental parents organic heterocyclic fundamental parents CHEBI:35552 heterocyclic organic fundamental parent heterocyclic parent hydrides IUPAC: heterocyclic fundamental parent ChEBI: heterocyclic organic fundamental parents ChEBI: organic heterocyclic fundamental parents ChEBI: chebi_ontology carbon oxoacids oxoacids of carbon CHEBI:35605 carbon oxoacid carbon oxoacids ChEBI: oxoacids of carbon ChEBI: An oxoacid containing two carboxy groups. Dicarboxylic acid chebi_ontology C2H2O4R dicarboxylic acids CHEBI:35692 dicarboxylic acid An oxoacid containing two carboxy groups. ANON:ANON Dicarboxylic acid KEGG COMPOUND: C2H2O4R ChEBI: dicarboxylic acids ChEBI: A compound formally derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l > 0) and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol by linking with formal loss of water from an acidic hydroxy group of the former and a hydroxy group of the latter. Ester chebi_ontology esters CHEBI:35701 ester A compound formally derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l > 0) and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol by linking with formal loss of water from an acidic hydroxy group of the former and a hydroxy group of the latter. ANON:ANON Ester KEGG COMPOUND: esters ChEBI: An ether that has formula C4H10O. 1,1'-oxydiethane Diethyl ether chebi_ontology 1,1'-oxybisethane 3-oxapentane Aether Anesthetic ether C4H10O CCOCC Diethylaether Ether InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-3-5-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3 InChIKey=RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pronarcol aether aether pro narcosi diethyl oxide ethoxyethane ethyl ether ethyl oxide CHEBI:35702 diethyl ether An ether that has formula C4H10O. ANON:ANON 1,1'-oxydiethane IUPAC: Diethyl ether KEGG COMPOUND: 1,1'-oxybisethane ChemIDplus: 3-oxapentane ChemIDplus: Aether ChEBI: Anesthetic ether KEGG COMPOUND: C4H10O KEGG COMPOUND: CCOCC ChEBI: Diethylaether ChEBI: Ether KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-3-5-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Pronarcol NIST Chemistry WebBook: aether NIST Chemistry WebBook: aether pro narcosi ChEBI: diethyl oxide ChemIDplus: ethoxyethane ChemIDplus: ethyl ether ChemIDplus: ethyl oxide ChemIDplus: Compounds having the nitroso group, -NO, attached to carbon, or to another element, most commonly nitrogen or oxygen. chebi_ontology nitroso compounds CHEBI:35800 nitroso compound Compounds having the nitroso group, -NO, attached to carbon, or to another element, most commonly nitrogen or oxygen. ANON:ANON nitroso compounds ChEBI: N-Nitroso amines, compounds of the structure R2NNO. Compounds RNHNO are not ordinarily isolable, but they, too, are nitrosamines. The name is a contraction of N-nitrosoamine and, as such, does not require the N locant. chebi_ontology N-Nitroso amines nitrosamines CHEBI:35803 nitrosamine N-Nitroso amines, compounds of the structure R2NNO. Compounds RNHNO are not ordinarily isolable, but they, too, are nitrosamines. The name is a contraction of N-nitrosoamine and, as such, does not require the N locant. ANON:ANON N-Nitroso amines IUPAC: nitrosamines ChEBI: A nitrosamine that has formula C2H6N2O. N-Nitrosodimethylamine N-methyl-N-nitrosomethanamine chebi_ontology 1,1-Dimethyl-2-oxohydrazine C2H6N2O CN(C)N=O DMN Dimethylnitrosamine Dimethylnitrosoamine InChI=1S/C2H6N2O/c1-4(2)3-5/h1-2H3 InChIKey=UMFJAHHVKNCGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylnitrosamine CHEBI:35807 N-nitrosodimethylamine A nitrosamine that has formula C2H6N2O. ANON:ANON N-Nitrosodimethylamine ChemIDplus: N-Nitrosodimethylamine KEGG COMPOUND: N-methyl-N-nitrosomethanamine IUPAC: 1,1-Dimethyl-2-oxohydrazine NIST Chemistry WebBook: C2H6N2O KEGG COMPOUND: CN(C)N=O ChEBI: DMN ChemIDplus: Dimethylnitrosamine KEGG COMPOUND: Dimethylnitrosoamine ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C2H6N2O/c1-4(2)3-5/h1-2H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=UMFJAHHVKNCGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: N,N-Dimethylnitrosamine ChemIDplus: Compounds having the structure R2S=O (R =/= H). sulfoxide chebi_ontology sulfoxides CHEBI:35813 sulfoxide Compounds having the structure R2S=O (R =/= H). ANON:ANON sulfoxide ChEBI: sulfoxides ChEBI: chebi_ontology imidazopyrimidines CHEBI:35875 imidazopyrimidine imidazopyrimidines ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:36016 chloroethanes chebi_ontology organic chloride salts CHEBI:36094 organic chloride salt organic chloride salts ChEBI: Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included). quinone quinones chebi_ontology Chinon a quinone quinones CHEBI:36141 quinone Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included). ANON:ANON quinone IUPAC: quinones IUPAC: Chinon ChEBI: a quinone UniProt: quinones ChEBI: chebi_ontology naphthalenesulfonic acids CHEBI:36336 naphthalenesulfonic acid naphthalenesulfonic acids ChEBI: Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom. chebi_ontology polyatomic entities CHEBI:36357 polyatomic entity Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom. ANON:ANON polyatomic entities ChEBI: An ion consisting of more than one atom. chebi_ontology polyatomic ions CHEBI:36358 polyatomic ion An ion consisting of more than one atom. ANON:ANON polyatomic ions ChEBI: chebi_ontology saturated heterocyclic parent hydride saturated heterocyclic parent hydrides saturated organic heterocyclic parents CHEBI:36388 saturated organic heterocyclic parent saturated heterocyclic parent hydride ChEBI: saturated heterocyclic parent hydrides ChEBI: saturated organic heterocyclic parents ChEBI: chebi_ontology saturated heteromonocyclic parent hydride saturated heteromonocyclic parent hydrides saturated organic heteromonocyclic parents CHEBI:36389 saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent saturated heteromonocyclic parent hydride ChEBI: saturated heteromonocyclic parent hydrides ChEBI: saturated organic heteromonocyclic parents ChEBI: Any compound containing the carbonyl group, C=O. The term is commonly used in the restricted sense of aldehydes and ketones, although it actually includes carboxylic acids and derivatives. carbonyl compounds chebi_ontology CHEBI:36586 carbonyl compound Any compound containing the carbonyl group, C=O. The term is commonly used in the restricted sense of aldehydes and ketones, although it actually includes carboxylic acids and derivatives. ANON:ANON carbonyl compounds IUPAC: Organic compounds containing an oxygen atom, =O, doubly bonded to carbon or another element. oxo compounds chebi_ontology organic oxo compounds CHEBI:36587 organic oxo compound Organic compounds containing an oxygen atom, =O, doubly bonded to carbon or another element. ANON:ANON oxo compounds IUPAC: organic oxo compounds ChEBI: An organochlorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chlorine bond. organochlorine compound chebi_ontology chloroorganic compounds chlororganische Verbindungen organochlorine compounds CHEBI:36683 organochlorine compound An organochlorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chlorine bond. ANON:ANON organochlorine compound ChEBI: chloroorganic compounds ChEBI: chlororganische Verbindungen ChEBI: organochlorine compounds ChEBI: A compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond. chebi_ontology organohalogen compounds CHEBI:36684 organohalogen compound A compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond. ANON:ANON organohalogen compounds ChEBI: heterotricyclic compound heterotricyclic compounds chebi_ontology heterotricyclic compounds CHEBI:36688 heterotricyclic compound heterotricyclic compound ChEBI: heterotricyclic compounds IUPAC: heterotricyclic compounds ChEBI: A bicyclic compound in which all the ring atoms are carbon. chebi_ontology carbobicyclic compounds CHEBI:36785 carbobicyclic compound A bicyclic compound in which all the ring atoms are carbon. ANON:ANON carbobicyclic compounds ChEBI: Two or more cyclic systems (single rings or fused systems) which are directly joined to each other by double or single bonds are named ring assemblies when the number of such direct ring junctions is one less than the number of cyclic systems involved. ring assemblies ring assembly chebi_ontology CHEBI:36820 ring assembly Two or more cyclic systems (single rings or fused systems) which are directly joined to each other by double or single bonds are named ring assemblies when the number of such direct ring junctions is one less than the number of cyclic systems involved. ANON:ANON ring assemblies IUPAC: ring assembly IUPAC: An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond. organochalcogen compound chebi_ontology organochalcogen compounds CHEBI:36962 organochalcogen compound An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond. ANON:ANON organochalcogen compound ChEBI: organochalcogen compounds ChEBI: An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond. organooxygen compound chebi_ontology organooxygen compounds CHEBI:36963 organooxygen compound An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond. ANON:ANON organooxygen compound ChEBI: organooxygen compounds ChEBI: amino-acid anion chebi_ontology amino acid anions amino-acid anions CHEBI:37022 amino-acid anion amino-acid anion ChEBI: amino acid anions ChEBI: amino-acid anions ChEBI: A compound containing at least one carbon-bromine bond. chebi_ontology bromoorganic compound organobromine compounds CHEBI:37141 organobromine compound A compound containing at least one carbon-bromine bond. ANON:ANON bromoorganic compound ChEBI: organobromine compounds ChEBI: An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond. organofluorine compound chebi_ontology fluoroorganic compound fluoroorganic compounds fluoroorganics fluororganische Verbindungen organofluorine compounds CHEBI:37143 organofluorine compound An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond. ANON:ANON organofluorine compound ChEBI: fluoroorganic compound ChEBI: fluoroorganic compounds ChEBI: fluoroorganics ChEBI: fluororganische Verbindungen ChEBI: organofluorine compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic hydrides CHEBI:37175 organic hydride organic hydrides ChEBI: Any ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a ring. cyclic ether cyclic ethers epoxy compounds chebi_ontology cyclic ethers epoxy compounds CHEBI:37407 cyclic ether Any ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a ring. ANON:ANON cyclic ether IUPAC: cyclic ethers IUPAC: epoxy compounds IUPAC: cyclic ethers ChEBI: epoxy compounds ChEBI: A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements. chebi_ontology chemical compound heteroatomic molecular entities CHEBI:37577 heteroatomic molecular entity A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements. ANON:ANON chemical compound ChEBI: heteroatomic molecular entities ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:37578 halide An aminoacridine that has formula C23H28Cl3N3O. N(1),N(1)-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N(4)-(6-chloro-2-methoxyacridin-9-yl)pentane-1,4-diamine quinacrine mustard chebi_ontology C23H28Cl3N3O COc1ccc2nc3cc(Cl)ccc3c(NC(C)CCCN(CCCl)CCCl)c2c1 InChI=1S/C23H28Cl3N3O/c1-16(4-3-11-29(12-9-24)13-10-25)27-23-19-7-5-17(26)14-22(19)28-21-8-6-18(30-2)15-20(21)23/h5-8,14-16H,3-4,9-13H2,1-2H3,(H,27,28) InChIKey=UKOBAUFLOGFCMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CHEBI:37595 quinacrine mustard An aminoacridine that has formula C23H28Cl3N3O. ANON:ANON N(1),N(1)-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N(4)-(6-chloro-2-methoxyacridin-9-yl)pentane-1,4-diamine IUPAC: quinacrine mustard ChemIDplus: C23H28Cl3N3O ChEBI: COc1ccc2nc3cc(Cl)ccc3c(NC(C)CCCN(CCCl)CCCl)c2c1 ChEBI: InChI=1S/C23H28Cl3N3O/c1-16(4-3-11-29(12-9-24)13-10-25)27-23-19-7-5-17(26)14-22(19)28-21-8-6-18(30-2)15-20(21)23/h5-8,14-16H,3-4,9-13H2,1-2H3,(H,27,28) ChEBI: InChIKey=UKOBAUFLOGFCMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-C2H2-C2H2)2NR. nitrogen mustards chebi_ontology nitrogen mustards CHEBI:37598 nitrogen mustard Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-C2H2-C2H2)2NR. ANON:ANON nitrogen mustards IUPAC: nitrogen mustards ChEBI: An amide of a carboxylic acid, having the structure RC(=O)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic name formation to denote the -C(=O)NH2 group including its carbon atom. carboxamides chebi_ontology CNOR3 [*]C(=O)N([*])[*] carboxamides primary carboxamide CHEBI:37622 carboxamide An amide of a carboxylic acid, having the structure RC(=O)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic name formation to denote the -C(=O)NH2 group including its carbon atom. ANON:ANON carboxamides IUPAC: CNOR3 ChEBI: [*]C(=O)N([*])[*] ChEBI: carboxamides ChEBI: primary carboxamide ChEBI: sulfuric acid derivative chebi_ontology sulfuric acid derivatives CHEBI:37826 sulfuric acid derivative sulfuric acid derivative ChEBI: sulfuric acid derivatives ChEBI: chebi_ontology azacycloalkanes CHEBI:37949 azacycloalkane azacycloalkanes ChEBI: chebi_ontology carbotricyclic compounds CHEBI:38032 carbotricyclic compound carbotricyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology aminonaphthalenes CHEBI:38034 aminonaphthalene aminonaphthalenes ChEBI: chebi_ontology mesylate salt mesylate salts methanesulfonate salts CHEBI:38037 methanesulfonate salt mesylate salt ChEBI: mesylate salts ChEBI: methanesulfonate salts ChEBI: Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms. chebi_ontology heterocyclic organonitrogen compounds organonitrogen heterocyclic compounds CHEBI:38101 organonitrogen heterocyclic compound Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms. ANON:ANON heterocyclic organonitrogen compounds ChEBI: organonitrogen heterocyclic compounds ChEBI: Compounds based on a triazine skeleton. chebi_ontology CHEBI:38102 triazines Compounds based on a triazine skeleton. ANON:ANON Any organic heterocyclic compound containing at least one ring oxygen atom. chebi_ontology heterocyclic organooxygen compounds organooxygen heterocyclic compounds oxacycles CHEBI:38104 oxacycle Any organic heterocyclic compound containing at least one ring oxygen atom. ANON:ANON heterocyclic organooxygen compounds ChEBI: organooxygen heterocyclic compounds ChEBI: oxacycles ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic heterotetracyclic compounds CHEBI:38163 organic heterotetracyclic compound organic heterotetracyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic heteropolycyclic compounds CHEBI:38166 organic heteropolycyclic compound organic heteropolycyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology triamino-1,3,5-triazines CHEBI:38175 triamino-1,3,5-triazine triamino-1,3,5-triazines ChEBI: chebi_ontology azirinopyrroloindoles CHEBI:38303 azirinopyrroloindole azirinopyrroloindoles ChEBI: Any organic heterocyclic compound containing a benzene ring in which two of the C-H fragments have been replaced by isolobal nitrogens (the diazine parent structure). chebi_ontology CHEBI:38313 diazines Any organic heterocyclic compound containing a benzene ring in which two of the C-H fragments have been replaced by isolobal nitrogens (the diazine parent structure). ANON:ANON chebi_ontology 1-benzopyrans CHEBI:38443 1-benzopyran 1-benzopyrans ChEBI: A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family. chebi_ontology benzophenanthridine alkaloids CHEBI:38517 benzophenanthridine alkaloid A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family. ANON:ANON benzophenanthridine alkaloids ChEBI: chebi_ontology benzophenanthridines CHEBI:38518 benzophenanthridine benzophenanthridines ChEBI: Any flavonoid with a 3,4-dihydro-2-aryl-2H-1-benzopyran skeleton and its substituted derivatives. chebi_ontology CHEBI:38672 flavans Any flavonoid with a 3,4-dihydro-2-aryl-2H-1-benzopyran skeleton and its substituted derivatives. ANON:ANON chebi_ontology inorganic sodium salts CHEBI:38702 inorganic sodium salt inorganic sodium salts ChEBI: chebi_ontology monomethoxyflavanones CHEBI:38738 monomethoxyflavanone monomethoxyflavanones ChEBI: chebi_ontology dihydroxyflavanones CHEBI:38749 dihydroxyflavanone dihydroxyflavanones ChEBI: chebi_ontology dibenzopyridines CHEBI:39206 dibenzopyridine dibenzopyridines ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:39446 pyrimidine ribonucleosides Any compound having a pyrimidine as part of its structure. chebi_ontology CHEBI:39447 pyrimidines Any compound having a pyrimidine as part of its structure. ANON:ANON Cyclic ketone cyclic ketones chebi_ontology CHEBI:3992 cyclic ketone Cyclic ketone KEGG COMPOUND: cyclic ketones IUPAC: chebi_ontology CHEBI:46789 hydroxyether A hydroxyether that has formula C3H8O2. 2-METHOXYETHANOL 2-methoxyethanol chebi_ontology 1-hydroxy-2-methoxyethane 2-hydroxyethyl methyl ether 2-methoxy-1-ethanol 3-oxa-1-butanol C3H8O2 COCCO HOCH2CH2OCH3 InChI=1S/C3H8O2/c1-5-3-2-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3 InChIKey=XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl cellosolve beta-methoxyethanol methyl oxitol monomethyl ethylene glycol ether CHEBI:46790 2-methoxyethanol A hydroxyether that has formula C3H8O2. ANON:ANON 2-METHOXYETHANOL PDBeChem: 2-methoxyethanol IUPAC: 1-hydroxy-2-methoxyethane ChemIDplus: 2-hydroxyethyl methyl ether NIST Chemistry WebBook: 2-methoxy-1-ethanol ChemIDplus: 3-oxa-1-butanol ChemIDplus: C3H8O2 ChEBI: COCCO ChEBI: HOCH2CH2OCH3 NIST Chemistry WebBook: InChI=1S/C3H8O2/c1-5-3-2-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: Methyl cellosolve ChemIDplus: beta-methoxyethanol NIST Chemistry WebBook: methyl oxitol ChemIDplus: monomethyl ethylene glycol ether ChemIDplus: chebi_ontology tetrahydrofuranols CHEBI:47017 tetrahydrofuranol tetrahydrofuranols ChEBI: chebi_ontology dihydroxytetrahydrofurans CHEBI:47019 dihydroxytetrahydrofuran dihydroxytetrahydrofurans ChEBI: chebi_ontology urea derivatives CHEBI:47857 ureas urea derivatives ChEBI: Any 1-benzopyran with an aryl substituent at position 2. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds. Flavonoid chebi_ontology 2-aryl-1-benzopyran 2-aryl-1-benzopyrans CHEBI:47916 flavonoid Any 1-benzopyran with an aryl substituent at position 2. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds. ANON:ANON Flavonoid KEGG COMPOUND: 2-aryl-1-benzopyran ChEBI: 2-aryl-1-benzopyrans ChEBI: Any hydroxyflavanone with a hydroxy substituent at position 3' of the phenyl ring. chebi_ontology a 3'-hydroxyflavanone CHEBI:48024 3'-hydroxyflavanones Any hydroxyflavanone with a hydroxy substituent at position 3' of the phenyl ring. ANON:ANON a 3'-hydroxyflavanone UniProt: Esters or salts of methanesulfonic acid. chebi_ontology CHEBI:48544 methanesulfonates Esters or salts of methanesulfonic acid. ANON:ANON A sulfur oxoacid that has formula H2O3S. dihydrogen trioxosulfate dihydroxidooxidosulfur sulfurous acid trioxosulfuric acid chebi_ontology H2O3S H2SO3 InChI=1S/H2O3S/c1-4(2)3/h(H2,1,2,3) InChIKey=LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(O)=O S(O)(OH)2 Sulfite [SO(OH)2] acide sulfureux acido sulfuroso schweflige Saeure sulphurous acid CHEBI:48854 sulfurous acid A sulfur oxoacid that has formula H2O3S. ANON:ANON dihydrogen trioxosulfate IUPAC: dihydroxidooxidosulfur IUPAC: sulfurous acid IUPAC: trioxosulfuric acid IUPAC: H2O3S KEGG COMPOUND: H2SO3 IUPAC: InChI=1S/H2O3S/c1-4(2)3/h(H2,1,2,3) ChEBI: InChIKey=LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: OS(O)=O ChEBI: S(O)(OH)2 IUPAC: Sulfite KEGG COMPOUND: [SO(OH)2] IUPAC: acide sulfureux ChEBI: acido sulfuroso ChEBI: schweflige Saeure ChemIDplus: sulphurous acid ChemIDplus: chebi_ontology CHEBI:48857 sulfite salt A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups. chebi_ontology organic amino compounds CHEBI:50047 organic amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups. ANON:ANON organic amino compounds ChEBI: An urea that has formula C2H5N3O2. 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea chebi_ontology 1-(aminocarbonyl)-1-methyl-2-oxohydrazine 1-nitroso-1-methylurea C2H5N3O2 CN(N=O)C(N)=O InChI=1S/C2H5N3O2/c1-5(4-7)2(3)6/h1H3,(H2,3,6) InChIKey=ZRKWMRDKSOPRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N MNU Methylnitrosoharnstoff Methylnitrosourea N-Methyl-N-nitrosoharnstoff N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea N-Nitroso-N-methylharnstoff N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamide N-methyl-N-nitrosouree N-nitroso-N-methylcarbamide N-nitroso-N-methylurea N-nitroso-N-methyluree N-nitrosomethylurea NMH NMU methylnitrosouree nitrosomethylurea CHEBI:50102 N-methyl-N-nitrosurea An urea that has formula C2H5N3O2. ANON:ANON 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea IUPAC: 1-(aminocarbonyl)-1-methyl-2-oxohydrazine NIST Chemistry WebBook: 1-nitroso-1-methylurea ChemIDplus: C2H5N3O2 KEGG COMPOUND: CN(N=O)C(N)=O ChEBI: InChI=1S/C2H5N3O2/c1-5(4-7)2(3)6/h1H3,(H2,3,6) ChEBI: InChIKey=ZRKWMRDKSOPRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: MNU ChemIDplus: Methylnitrosoharnstoff ChEBI: Methylnitrosourea KEGG COMPOUND: N-Methyl-N-nitrosoharnstoff ChEBI: N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea KEGG COMPOUND: N-Nitroso-N-methylharnstoff ChEBI: N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamide ChemIDplus: N-methyl-N-nitrosouree ChEBI: N-nitroso-N-methylcarbamide NIST Chemistry WebBook: N-nitroso-N-methylurea ChemIDplus: N-nitroso-N-methyluree ChEBI: N-nitrosomethylurea NIST Chemistry WebBook: NMH ChemIDplus: NMU ChemIDplus: methylnitrosouree ChemIDplus: nitrosomethylurea NIST Chemistry WebBook: Any molecular entity that contains carbon. chebi_ontology organic compounds organic entity organic molecular entities CHEBI:50860 organic molecular entity Any molecular entity that contains carbon. ANON:ANON organic compounds ChEBI: organic entity ChEBI: organic molecular entities ChEBI: chebi_ontology azaarenes CHEBI:50893 azaarene azaarenes ChEBI: A role is particular behaviour which a material entity may exhibit. chebi_ontology CHEBI:50906 role A role is particular behaviour which a material entity may exhibit. ANON:ANON Thioxanthene and its substitution derivatives. chebi_ontology CHEBI:50930 thioxanthenes Thioxanthene and its substitution derivatives. ANON:ANON A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. Formerly used for the treatment of schistosomiasis. It is a prodrug, being metabolised to hycanthone. 1-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}-4-methyl-9H-thioxanthen-9-one Lucanthone chebi_ontology 1-((2-(diethylamino)ethyl)amino)-4-methylthioxanthen-9-one 1-diethylaminoethylethylamino-4-methyl-thioxanthenone 1-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}-4-methylthioxanthen-9-one C20H24N2OS CCN(CC)CCNc1ccc(C)c2sc3ccccc3c(=O)c12 InChI=1S/C20H24N2OS/c1-4-22(5-2)13-12-21-16-11-10-14(3)20-18(16)19(23)15-8-6-7-9-17(15)24-20/h6-11,21H,4-5,12-13H2,1-3H3 InChIKey=FBQPGGIHOFZRGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N lucanthone lucanthonum lucantona CHEBI:51052 lucanthone A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. Formerly used for the treatment of schistosomiasis. It is a prodrug, being metabolised to hycanthone. ANON:ANON 1-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}-4-methyl-9H-thioxanthen-9-one IUPAC: Lucanthone KEGG COMPOUND: 1-((2-(diethylamino)ethyl)amino)-4-methylthioxanthen-9-one ChemIDplus: 1-diethylaminoethylethylamino-4-methyl-thioxanthenone ChEBI: 1-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}-4-methylthioxanthen-9-one ChEBI: C20H24N2OS ChEBI: C20H24N2OS KEGG COMPOUND: CCN(CC)CCNc1ccc(C)c2sc3ccccc3c(=O)c12 ChEBI: InChI=1S/C20H24N2OS/c1-4-22(5-2)13-12-21-16-11-10-14(3)20-18(16)19(23)15-8-6-7-9-17(15)24-20/h6-11,21H,4-5,12-13H2,1-3H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=FBQPGGIHOFZRGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: lucanthone ChemIDplus: lucanthone WHO MedNet: lucanthonum ChemIDplus: lucantona ChemIDplus: chebi_ontology CHEBI:51067 tetraphenes chebi_ontology organic halide salts CHEBI:51069 organic halide salt organic halide salts ChEBI: A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a chemical context. chebi_ontology CHEBI:51086 chemical role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a chemical context. ANON:ANON chebi_ontology Nitrogenous compounds nitrogen compounds nitrogen molecular entities CHEBI:51143 nitrogen molecular entity Nitrogenous compounds KEGG COMPOUND: nitrogen compounds ChEBI: nitrogen molecular entities ChEBI: diamminedichloridoplatinum diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) diamminedichloroplatinum diamminedichloroplatinum(II) chebi_ontology Cl2H6N2Pt diammine(dichloro)platinum diammineplatinum dichloride CHEBI:51214 diamminedichloroplatinum diamminedichloridoplatinum IUPAC: diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) IUPAC: diamminedichloroplatinum IUPAC: diamminedichloroplatinum(II) IUPAC: Cl2H6N2Pt ChEBI: diammine(dichloro)platinum ChEBI: diammineplatinum dichloride NIST Chemistry WebBook: Sulfate salts where the cation is a metal ion. chebi_ontology metal sulfates CHEBI:51336 metal sulfate Sulfate salts where the cation is a metal ion. ANON:ANON metal sulfates ChEBI: Acridines which are substituted in any position by one or more amino groups or substituted amino groups. chebi_ontology aminoacridines CHEBI:51803 aminoacridine Acridines which are substituted in any position by one or more amino groups or substituted amino groups. ANON:ANON aminoacridines ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic polycyclic compounds CHEBI:51958 organic polycyclic compound organic polycyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology organic tricyclic compounds CHEBI:51959 organic tricyclic compound organic tricyclic compounds ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:52206 biochemical role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process. chebi_ontology etiopathogenetic agent etiopathogenetic role CHEBI:52209 aetiopathogenetic role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process. ANON:ANON etiopathogenetic agent ChEBI: etiopathogenetic role ChEBI: A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of at least two different elements. Heterocyclic compound chebi_ontology compuesto heterociclico compuestos heterociclicos heterocycle heterocyclic compounds CHEBI:5686 heterocyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of at least two different elements. ANON:ANON Heterocyclic compound KEGG COMPOUND: compuesto heterociclico IUPAC: compuestos heterociclicos IUPAC: heterocycle ChEBI: heterocyclic compounds ChEBI: Hydroxy boron compounds of general formula BxOyHz. chebi_ontology CHEBI:59765 boric acids Hydroxy boron compounds of general formula BxOyHz. ANON:ANON Any compound that has a nucleobase as a part. chebi_ontology nucleobase-containing compound nucleobase-containing compounds nucleobase-containing molecular entities CHEBI:61120 nucleobase-containing molecular entity Any compound that has a nucleobase as a part. ANON:ANON nucleobase-containing compound SUBMITTER: nucleobase-containing compounds ChEBI: nucleobase-containing molecular entities ChEBI: A carbohydrate derivative arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to an oxygen, carbon, nitrogen or sulfur atom of a separate entity. chebi_ontology glycosyl compounds CHEBI:63161 glycosyl compound A carbohydrate derivative arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to an oxygen, carbon, nitrogen or sulfur atom of a separate entity. ANON:ANON glycosyl compounds ChEBI: Any organooxygen compound derived from a carbohydrate by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by an amino group, a thiol group or similar heteroatomic groups. The term also includes derivatives of these compounds. chebi_ontology carbohydrate derivatives derivatised carbohydrate derivatised carbohydrates derivatized carbohydrate derivatized carbohydrates CHEBI:63299 carbohydrate derivative Any organooxygen compound derived from a carbohydrate by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by an amino group, a thiol group or similar heteroatomic groups. The term also includes derivatives of these compounds. ANON:ANON carbohydrate derivatives ChEBI: derivatised carbohydrate ChEBI: derivatised carbohydrates ChEBI: derivatized carbohydrate ChEBI: derivatized carbohydrates ChEBI: A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a disaccharide. chebi_ontology disaccharide derivatives CHEBI:63353 disaccharide derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a disaccharide. ANON:ANON disaccharide derivatives ChEBI: chebi_ontology CHEBI:64382 organosulfonate salt An organic molecular entity containing a single carbon atom (C1). chebi_ontology one-carbon compounds CHEBI:64708 one-carbon compound An organic molecular entity containing a single carbon atom (C1). ANON:ANON one-carbon compounds ChEBI: Any organic molecular entity that is acidic and contains carbon in covalent linkage. chebi_ontology organic acids CHEBI:64709 organic acid Any organic molecular entity that is acidic and contains carbon in covalent linkage. ANON:ANON organic acids ChEBI: A methanesulfonate ester that is hexane-2,5-diol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups are replaced by methanesulfonyl groups. hexane-2,5-diyl dimethanesulfonate chebi_ontology 1,4-bis(methylsulfonyloxy)-1,4-dimethylbutane 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxy-1,4-dimethylbutane 1,4-dimethylbusulfan 1,4-dimethylmyleran 2,5-dimethanesulfomyloxyhexane 2,5-hexanediol dimesylate 2,5-hexanediol dimethylsulfonate C8H18O6S2 CC(CCC(C)OS(C)(=O)=O)OS(C)(=O)=O DMM InChI=1S/C8H18O6S2/c1-7(13-15(3,9)10)5-6-8(2)14-16(4,11)12/h7-8H,5-6H2,1-4H3 InChIKey=JDZNTUQRMDAIRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbusulfan CHEBI:67107 dimethylmyleran A methanesulfonate ester that is hexane-2,5-diol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups are replaced by methanesulfonyl groups. ANON:ANON hexane-2,5-diyl dimethanesulfonate IUPAC: 1,4-bis(methylsulfonyloxy)-1,4-dimethylbutane ChemIDplus: 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxy-1,4-dimethylbutane ChemIDplus: 1,4-dimethylbusulfan ChEBI: 1,4-dimethylmyleran ChEBI: 2,5-dimethanesulfomyloxyhexane ChemIDplus: 2,5-hexanediol dimesylate ChEBI: 2,5-hexanediol dimethylsulfonate ChemIDplus: C8H18O6S2 ChEBI: CC(CCC(C)OS(C)(=O)=O)OS(C)(=O)=O ChEBI: DMM ChemIDplus: InChI=1S/C8H18O6S2/c1-7(13-15(3,9)10)5-6-8(2)14-16(4,11)12/h7-8H,5-6H2,1-4H3 ChEBI: InChIKey=JDZNTUQRMDAIRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: dimethylbusulfan ChemIDplus: A molecule that can substitute for a normal nucleobase in nucleic acids. chebi_ontology base analog base analogs base analogue base analogues nucleobase analog nucleobase analogs nucleobase analogues CHEBI:67142 nucleobase analogue A molecule that can substitute for a normal nucleobase in nucleic acids. ANON:ANON base analog ChEBI: base analogs ChEBI: base analogue ChEBI: base analogues ChEBI: nucleobase analog ChEBI: nucleobase analogs ChEBI: nucleobase analogues ChEBI: Any organic molecular entity whose stucture is based on derivatives of a phenyl-substituted 1-phenylpropane possessing a C15 or C16 skeleton, or such a structure which is condensed with a C6-C3 lignan precursors. The term is a 'superclass' comprising all members of the classes of flavonoid, isoflavonoid, neoflavonoid, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, aurones, pterocarpan, coumestans, rotenoid, flavonolignan, and flavonoid oligomers. Originally restricted to natural products, the term is also applied to synthetic compounds related to them. chebi_ontology flavonoid CHEBI:72544 flavonoids Any organic molecular entity whose stucture is based on derivatives of a phenyl-substituted 1-phenylpropane possessing a C15 or C16 skeleton, or such a structure which is condensed with a C6-C3 lignan precursors. The term is a 'superclass' comprising all members of the classes of flavonoid, isoflavonoid, neoflavonoid, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, aurones, pterocarpan, coumestans, rotenoid, flavonolignan, and flavonoid oligomers. Originally restricted to natural products, the term is also applied to synthetic compounds related to them. ANON:ANON flavonoid ChEBI: CL:0000000 cell An individual member of the species Drosophila melanogaster. fly_anatomy.ontology Drosophila whole organism FBbt:00000001 organism An individual member of the species Drosophila melanogaster. FBC:DOS Any sense organ (FBbt:00005155) that is part of some adult (FBbt:00003004). fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00004113 adult sense organ Any sense organ (FBbt:00005155) that is part of some adult (FBbt:00003004). FBC:auto_generated_definition FlyBase:FBrf0007734 FlyBase:FBrf0031004 The compound eye is a light sensing organ composed of ommatidia. fly_anatomy.ontology compound eye FBbt:00004508 eye The compound eye is a light sensing organ composed of ommatidia. FBC:gg A division of the whole organism into specialized systems. fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00004856 organ system A division of the whole organism into specialized systems. FBC:gg All the nerve centers and nerve fibers in the central, visceral and peripheral nervous systems. fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00005093 nervous system All the nerve centers and nerve fibers in the central, visceral and peripheral nervous systems. ISBN:978-3-11-014898-5 Multicellular anatomical structure with largely bona fide boundary that transduces some sensory stimulus to the nervous system. fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00005155 sense organ Multicellular anatomical structure with largely bona fide boundary that transduces some sensory stimulus to the nervous system. FBC:DOS A light sensitive sense organ. fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00005162 photoreceptor A light sensitive sense organ. FBC:gg fly_anatomy.ontology eo es sensillum FBbt:00005168 external sensory organ Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape, whose parts are all connected and that is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00007001 anatomical structure Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape, whose parts are all connected and that is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. CARO:MAH FBC:DOS Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00007002 cell Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. CARO:MAH fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00007016 material anatomical entity An anatomical structure consisting of multiple cell cluster organs and which does not contain portions of tissue. fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00007230 compound cell cluster organ An anatomical structure consisting of multiple cell cluster organs and which does not contain portions of tissue. FBC:DOS Any compound cell cluster organ (FBbt:00007230) that functions in (some) detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050906). compound sensillum fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00007234 compound sense organ Any compound cell cluster organ (FBbt:00007230) that functions in (some) detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050906). FBC:auto_generated_definition fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00007235 external compound sense organ Anatomical structure that has multiple cells as parts. fly_anatomy.ontology FBbt:00100313 multicellular structure Anatomical structure that has multiple cells as parts. FBC:DOS Anatomical entity which is part_of Drosophila melanogaster. fly_anatomy.ontology Drosophila FBbt:10000000 anatomical entity Anatomical entity which is part_of Drosophila melanogaster. CARO:MAH FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000000 FlyBase CV pub_type FBcv:0000001 This term was obsoleted because it was only ever used to annotate one publication: A copy of Calvin Bridges death certificate. This can still be found in the Drosophila offprint collection (FBrf0186653). death certificate true Phenotype that is a defect in thermotaxis (GO:0043052). 'thermotaxis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0043052' thermotaxis behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000002 thermotaxis behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in thermotaxis (GO:0043052). 'thermotaxis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0043052' FBC:DOS FBcv:0000807 abbrev:1 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000003 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 In transgenic Drosophila (intraspecific) true FBcv:0000807 abbrev:2 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000004 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 Whole-organism transient assay (intraspecific) true Term used to qualify a descriptor. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000005 qualifier Term used to qualify a descriptor. FBC:MMC phenotypic_class FBcv:0000006 male semi-fertile phenotypic_class FBcv:0000007 female semi-fertile Genotype g1 is a modifier of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is significantly different from that caused by g2 alone. phenotypic_class variegation FBcv:0000008 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons modifier of variegation Genotype g1 is a modifier of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is significantly different from that caused by g2 alone. FBC:DOS variegation FBC:DOS FBcv:0000176 PATO:0000083 temporal_qualifier FBcv:0000009 This term has been obsoleted because all of its children terms have been obsoleted [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 temporal stage qualifier true FBcv:0000176 PATO:0001773 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000010 This term has been obsoleted because there are new terms to replace it [FBC:MMC]. mc160113 monophasic true FBcv:0000176 temporal_qualifier FBcv:0000011 This term has been obsoleted because all of its children terms have been obsoleted [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 relative temporal qualifier true FBcv:0000176 PATO:0000165 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000012 This term has been obsoleted because both of its children terms have been obsoleted [FBC:MMC]. mc160113 absolute temporal qualifier true Term that describes an allele, balancer, group or publication. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000013 descriptor Term that describes an allele, balancer, group or publication. FBC:MMC Qualifier used to describe the appearance of extra copies of an anatomical structure. structural_qualifier FBcv:0000014 structural qualifier Qualifier used to describe the appearance of extra copies of an anatomical structure. FBC:MMC pub_type FBcv:0000015 This term was obsoleted because it was little used. postage stamp true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000016 Consider - FBsv:0000605. Baylor TE recombination mapping kit stock true Penetrance is the fraction of individuals of a given genotype who exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000017 penetrance qualifier true Penetrance is the fraction of individuals of a given genotype who exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 Penetrance is the fraction of individuals of a given genotype who exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. Penetrance is complete when all the individuals of a given genotype exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000018 penetrance complete true Penetrance is the fraction of individuals of a given genotype who exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. Penetrance is complete when all the individuals of a given genotype exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 Penetrance is the fraction of individuals of a given genotype who exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. Penetrance is incomplete when only some the individuals of a given genotype exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000019 penetrance incomplete true Penetrance is the fraction of individuals of a given genotype who exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. Penetrance is incomplete when only some the individuals of a given genotype exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 Penetrance is the fraction of individuals of a given genotype who exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. Penetrance is incomplete when only a percentage of the individuals of a given genotype exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000020 This term should be modified by a % value. This is not currently possible in FlyBase curation. penetrance percent true Penetrance is the fraction of individuals of a given genotype who exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. Penetrance is incomplete when only a percentage of the individuals of a given genotype exhibit the phenotype associated with that genotype. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000021 expressivity qualifier true Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. Expressivity is complete when an individual of a given genotype expresses the full phenotype associated with that genotype. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000022 expressivity complete true Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. Expressivity is complete when an individual of a given genotype expresses the full phenotype associated with that genotype. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. Expressivity is incomplete when an individual of a given genotype expresses only partially the phenotype associated with that genotype. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000023 expressivity incomplete true Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. Expressivity is incomplete when an individual of a given genotype expresses only partially the phenotype associated with that genotype. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. "High expressivity" conveys that while expressivity is not complete, the phenotype expressed is approaching that of complete expressivity. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000024 expressivity high true Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. "High expressivity" conveys that while expressivity is not complete, the phenotype expressed is approaching that of complete expressivity. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. "Low expressivity" conveys that phenotype expressed is a much reduced version compared to complete expressivity. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000025 expressivity low true Expressivity measures the extent to which a given genotype is expressed at the phenotypic level. "Low expressivity" conveys that phenotype expressed is a much reduced version compared to complete expressivity. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000026 recessive visible allele recombination mapping stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000027 dominant visible allele recombination mapping stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000028 Consider - FBsv:0001018. SNP recombination mapping stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000029 transposable element mutagenesis stock true FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000030 This term was obsoleted because a term from the anatom ontology (FBbt) should be used instead. If possible, please use 'developmental compartment' (FBbt:00007110) or one of its subclasses [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 compartment true FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000031 This term was obsoleted because a term from the anatom ontology (FBbt) should be used instead. If possible, please use 'developmental compartment' (FBbt:00007110) or one of its subclasses [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 anterior compartment true FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000032 This term was obsoleted because a term from the anatom ontology (FBbt) should be used instead. If possible, please use 'developmental compartment' (FBbt:00007110) or one of its subclasses [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 compartment boundary true FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000033 This term was obsoleted because a term from the anatom ontology (FBbt) should be used instead. If possible, please use 'developmental compartment' (FBbt:00007110) or one of its subclasses [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 anterior/posterior compartment boundary true FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000034 This term was obsoleted because a term from the anatom ontology (FBbt) should be used instead. If possible, please use 'developmental compartment' (FBbt:00007110) or one of its subclasses [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 dorsal/ventral compartment boundary true FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000035 This term was obsoleted because a term from the anatom ontology (FBbt) should be used instead. If possible, please use 'developmental compartment' (FBbt:00007110) or one of its subclasses [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 dorsal compartment true FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000036 This term was obsoleted because a term from the anatom ontology (FBbt) should be used instead. If possible, please use 'developmental compartment' (FBbt:00007110) or one of its subclasses [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 posterior compartment true FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000037 This term was obsoleted because a term from the anatom ontology (FBbt) should be used instead. If possible, please use 'developmental compartment' (FBbt:00007110) or one of its subclasses [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 ventral compartment true PATO:0001631 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000038 relative spatial qualifier PATO:0001632 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000039 anterior to PATO:0001234 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000040 distal to PATO:0001233 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000041 dorsal to FlyBase miscellaneous CV deletion kit stock FBcv:0000042 deficiency kit stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000043 Consider - FBsv:0001020. transposase source for transposable element mutagenesis true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000044 Consider - FBsv:0001022. ammunition source for transposable element mutagenesis true PATO:0001633 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000045 posterior to temporal_qualifier FBcv:0000046 precursor PATO:0001195 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000047 proximal to PATO:0001772 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000048 surrounding PATO:0001196 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000049 ventral to PATO:0001771 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000050 vicinity of Present in the area that separates segments. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000051 segment boundary Present in the area that separates segments. FBC:MMC Qualifier that describes the spatial characteristics of a phenotype or expression pattern. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000052 spatial qualifier Qualifier that describes the spatial characteristics of a phenotype or expression pattern. FBC:MMC Restricted to anterior region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000053 anterior Restricted to anterior region of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to apical region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000054 apical Restricted to apical region of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to basal region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000055 basal Restricted to basal region of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to central region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000056 central Restricted to central region of some specified type. FBC:DS FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000057 This term has been obsoleted because there is no way to combine it with an anatomy term to produce a meaningful statement [FBC:MMC]. mc160113. contralateral true Restricted to distal region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000058 distal Restricted to distal region of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to dorsal region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000059 dorsal Restricted to dorsal region of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to dorso-lateral region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000060 dorso-lateral Restricted to dorso-lateral region of some specified type. FBC:DS When, compared to wild-type, an extra copy of an anatomical structure is present in an abnormal location, then this structure is ectopic. structural_qualifier FBcv:0000061 An extra copy of an anatomical structure that is present in the same location as in wild-type is supernumerary, rather than ectopic. ectopic When, compared to wild-type, an extra copy of an anatomical structure is present in an abnormal location, then this structure is ectopic. FBC:DOS FBcv:0000052 spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000062 This term has been obsoleted because there is no way to combine it with an anatomy term to produce a meaningful statement [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 ipsilateral true Restricted to lateral region(s) of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000063 lateral Restricted to lateral region(s) of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to medial region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000064 medial Restricted to medial region of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to posterior region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000065 posterior Restricted to posterior region of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to proximal region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000066 proximal Restricted to proximal region of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to unknown part(s) of a specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000067 restricted Restricted to unknown part(s) of a specified type. FBC:DS Present in the correct location but in larger numbers than in wild-type. structural_qualifier FBcv:0000068 supernumerary Present in the correct location but in larger numbers than in wild-type. FBC:DOS Expressed everywhere at some specified stage. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000069 ubiquitous Expressed everywhere at some specified stage. FBC:DOS Restricted to ventral region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000070 ventral Restricted to ventral region of some specified type. FBC:DS Restricted to ventro-lateral region of some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000071 ventro-lateral Restricted to ventro-lateral region of some specified type. FBC:DS FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000072 gene expression qualifier true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000073 embryonic expression pattern true Position in the egg or pre-gastrula embryo expressed as a percentage of egg length, where 0% corresponds to the posterior tip and 100% to the anterior tip. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000074 egg length Position in the egg or pre-gastrula embryo expressed as a percentage of egg length, where 0% corresponds to the posterior tip and 100% to the anterior tip. FBC:DOS At the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000075 0% egg length At the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 0-10% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000076 0-10% egg length 0-10% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS The full length of the pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000077 0-100% egg length The full length of the pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 0-20% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000078 0-20% egg length 0-20% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 0-30% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000079 0-30% egg length 0-30% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 0-40% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000080 0-40% egg length 0-40% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 0-50% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000081 0-50% egg length 0-50% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 0-60% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000082 0-60% egg length 0-60% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 0-70% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000083 0-70% egg length 0-70% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 0-80% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000084 0-80% egg length 0-80% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 0-90% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000085 0-90% egg length 0-90% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000086 10% egg length 10% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000087 10-100% egg length 10-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10-20% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000088 10-20% egg length 10-20% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10-30% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000089 10-30% egg length 10-30% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10-40% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000090 10-40% egg length 10-40% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10-50% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000091 10-50% egg length 10-50% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000092 10-60% egg length 10-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000093 10-70% egg length 10-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000094 10-80% egg length 10-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000095 10-90% egg length 10-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS At the anterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000096 100% egg length At the anterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 10% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000097 20% egg length 10% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 20-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000098 20-100% egg length 20-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 20-30% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000099 20-30% egg length 20-30% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 20-40% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000100 20-40% egg length 20-40% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 20-50% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000101 20-50% egg length 20-50% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 20-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000102 20-60% egg length 20-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 20-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000103 20-70% egg length 20-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 20-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000104 20-80% egg length 20-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 20-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000105 20-90% egg length 20-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 30% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000106 30% egg length 30% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 30-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000107 30-100% egg length 30-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 30-40% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000108 30-40% egg length 30-40% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 30-50% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000109 30-50% egg length 30-50% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 30-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000110 30-60% egg length 30-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 30-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000111 30-70% egg length 30-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 30-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000112 30-80% egg length 30-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 30-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000113 30-90% egg length 30-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 40% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000114 40% egg length 40% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 40-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000115 40-100% egg length 40-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 40-50% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000116 40-50% egg length 40-50% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 40-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000117 40-60% egg length 40-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 40-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000118 40-70% egg length 40-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 40-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000119 40-80% egg length 40-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 40-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000120 40-90% egg length 40-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 50% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000121 50% egg length 50% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 50-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000122 50-100% egg length 50-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 50-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000123 50-60% egg length 50-60% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 50-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000124 50-70% egg length 50-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 50-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000125 50-80% egg length 50-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 50-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000126 50-90% egg length 50-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 60% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000127 60% egg length 60% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 60-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000128 60-100% egg length 60-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 60-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000129 60-80% egg length 60-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 60-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000130 60-90% egg length 60-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 70% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000131 70% egg length 70% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 70-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000132 70-100% egg length 70-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 70-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000133 70-80% egg length 70-80% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 70-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000134 70-90% egg length 70-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 80% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000135 80% egg length 80% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 80-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000136 80-90% egg length 80-90% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 90% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000137 90% egg length 90% of egg length from the posterior tip of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS true 90-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBcv:0000138 spatial_qualifier 90-100% egg length FBcv:0000139 90-100% egg length 90-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS A record of an analysis carried out by FlyBase that has not been formally published. pub_type FBcv:0000140 FlyBase analysis A record of an analysis carried out by FlyBase that has not been formally published. FBC:SM Expression pattern which varies in intensity following a gradient in a specific axis. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000141 gradient Expression pattern which varies in intensity following a gradient in a specific axis. FBC:MMC Expression pattern which varies in intensity following a gradient in the anterior-posterior axis. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000142 anterior posterior gradient Expression pattern which varies in intensity following a gradient in the anterior-posterior axis. FBC:MMC Expression pattern which varies in intensity following a gradient in the dorsal-ventral axis. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000143 dorsal ventral gradient Expression pattern which varies in intensity following a gradient in the dorsal-ventral axis. FBC:MMC FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000144 maternal pattern true Restricted to stripes in some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000145 striped Restricted to stripes in some specified type. FBC:DS Sequence change caused by the cleavage of a 19-24 bp palindromic DNA site by the I-CreI endonuclease. change induced by I-CreI endonuclease cleavage origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000146 I-CreI Sequence change caused by the cleavage of a 19-24 bp palindromic DNA site by the I-CreI endonuclease. UniProt:P05725 Expression in even, but not odd numbered segment of the blastoderm. embryonic_pattern_qualifier FBcv:0000147 even pair rule expression pattern Expression in even, but not odd numbered segment of the blastoderm. FBC:DOS Expression in odd, but not even numbered segments of the blastoderm. embryonic_pattern_qualifier FBcv:0000148 odd pair rule expression pattern Expression in odd, but not even numbered segments of the blastoderm. FBC:DOS A list of species found in a specified area. pub_type FBcv:0000149 species list A list of species found in a specified area. FBC:SM Restricted to a segmentally repeated pattern with some specified type. spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000150 segmentally repeated Restricted to a segmentally repeated pattern with some specified type. FBC:DOS pub_type FBcv:0000151 This term was obsoleted because there because there were no instances of its use to classify any artefact in FlyBase. archive true A stock with one or more chromosomes (balancers) that are used primarily for their ability to preserve a stock genotype without selection. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000152 Consider - FBsv:0001001. balancer stock true A stock with one or more chromosomes (balancers) that are used primarily for their ability to preserve a stock genotype without selection. FBC:KM A phenotypic effect which is expressed in and limited to cells of the mutant genetic constitution under investigation is said to be cell autonomous. genotype_to_phenotype_relation FBcv:0000153 cell autonomous A phenotypic effect which is expressed in and limited to cells of the mutant genetic constitution under investigation is said to be cell autonomous. FlyBase:FBrf0002379 A phenotypic effect which is not expressed in/limited to cells of the mutant genetic constitution under investigation is said to be cell non-autonomous. genotype_to_phenotype_relation FBcv:0000154 cell non-autonomous A phenotypic effect which is not expressed in/limited to cells of the mutant genetic constitution under investigation is said to be cell non-autonomous. FlyBase:FBrf0002379 Chromosome that carries inversions and visible mutations, and which can be used to identify the genotype of an individual. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000155 single balancer Chromosome that carries inversions and visible mutations, and which can be used to identify the genotype of an individual. FlyBase:FBrf0089469 FlyBase:FBrf0202435 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000156 pair of homologous balancers true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000157 recessive lethal balancer true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000158 Consider - FBsv:0001006. balancer for chromosome 1 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000159 Consider - FBsv:0001007. balancer for chromosome 2 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000160 Consider - FBsv:0001008. balancer for chromosome 3 true A phenotypic attribute is described as showing a maternal effect when the phenotype of an individual is a manifestation of the genotype of the mother, rather than the genotype of the individual. genotype_to_phenotype_relation FBcv:0000161 maternal effect A phenotypic attribute is described as showing a maternal effect when the phenotype of an individual is a manifestation of the genotype of the mother, rather than the genotype of the individual. ISBN:978-0-7167-3520-5 A phenotypic attribute is described as showing a non-rescuable maternal effect (strict maternal effect) when the introduction of a wild-type copy of the responsible mutation from the father has no ameliorating effect on the maternal effect mutant phenotype. genotype_to_phenotype_relation FBcv:0000162 non-rescuable maternal effect A phenotypic attribute is described as showing a non-rescuable maternal effect (strict maternal effect) when the introduction of a wild-type copy of the responsible mutation from the father has no ameliorating effect on the maternal effect mutant phenotype. FlyBase:FBrf0049894 A phenotypic attribute is described as showing a rescuable maternal effect when the introduction of a wild-type copy of the responsible mutation from the father ameliorates the maternal effect mutant phenotype. genotype_to_phenotype_relation FBcv:0000163 rescuable maternal effect A phenotypic attribute is described as showing a rescuable maternal effect when the introduction of a wild-type copy of the responsible mutation from the father ameliorates the maternal effect mutant phenotype. FlyBase:FBrf0049894 A phenotypic attribute is described as showing a paternal effect when the phenotype of an individual is a manifestation of the genotype of the father, rather than the genotype of the individual. genotype_to_phenotype_relation FBcv:0000164 paternal effect A phenotypic attribute is described as showing a paternal effect when the phenotype of an individual is a manifestation of the genotype of the father, rather than the genotype of the individual. FlyBase:FBrf0102738 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000165 pair of balancers for chromosome 2 true Qualifier that describes an observed expression pattern. expression_qualifier FBcv:0000166 morphological qualifier Qualifier that describes an observed expression pattern. FBC:MMC Weak expression. expression_qualifier FBcv:0000167 faint Weak expression. FBC:MMC Expression pattern that resembles small grains or particles. PATO:0001759 expression_qualifier FBcv:0000168 granular Expression pattern that resembles small grains or particles. FBC:MMC Strong expression. PATO:0000049 expression_qualifier FBcv:0000169 intense Strong expression. FBC:MMC Expression pattern that resembles small dots. PATO:0001512 expression_qualifier FBcv:0000170 punctate Expression pattern that resembles small dots. FBC:MMC Expression pattern that is constant throughout the assayed anatomical entity. PATO:0000438 expression_qualifier FBcv:0000171 uniform Expression pattern that is constant throughout the assayed anatomical entity. FBC:MMC Expression pattern that changes throughout the assayed anatomical entity. PATO:0001227 expression_qualifier FBcv:0000172 variable Expression pattern that changes throughout the assayed anatomical entity. FBC:MMC FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000173 pair of balancers for chromosome 3 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000174 Consider - FBsv:0001012. dominant male sterile balancer true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000175 Consider - FBsv:0001012. dominant female sterile balancer true temporal_qualifier FBcv:0000176 temporal qualifier FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000177 dominant female sterile balancer for chromosome 2 true FBcv:0000176 PATO:0000694 temporal_qualifier FBcv:0000178 This term was obsoleted because a term from the developmental ontology (FBdv) should be used instead [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 early true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000179 dominant female sterile balancer for chromosome 3 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000180 dominant male sterile balancer for chromosome 2 true FBcv:0000176 PATO:0000502 temporal_qualifier FBcv:0000181 This term was obsoleted because a term from the developmental ontology (FBdv) should be used instead [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 late true FBcv:0000176 temporal_qualifier FBcv:0000182 This term was obsoleted because a term from the developmental ontology (FBdv) should be used instead [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 mid true FBcv:0000176 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000183 This term has been obsoleted because there are new stage terms that can be used instead [FBC:MMC]. mc160113 n day true FBcv:0000176 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000184 This term has been obsoleted because there are new stage terms that can be used instead [FBC:MMC]. mc160113 n hr true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000185 dominant male sterile balancer for chromosome 3 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000186 recessive lethal balancer for chromosome 1 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000187 recessive lethal balancer for chromosome 2 true Qualifier that describes the type of publication. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000188 publication descriptor Qualifier that describes the type of publication. FBC:MMC A publicly available document. It includes individual articles, such as research papers and reviews, and collections of articles, such as scientific journals. pub_type FBcv:0000189 publication class A publicly available document. It includes individual articles, such as research papers and reviews, and collections of articles, such as scientific journals. FBC:DOS FBC:SM An individual abstract of a presentation at a meeting, congress, conference, symposium, colloquium, seminar, workshop, round table, or other professional gathering. MeSH:D016416 Meeting Abstracts pub_type FBcv:0000190 abstract An individual abstract of a presentation at a meeting, congress, conference, symposium, colloquium, seminar, workshop, round table, or other professional gathering. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016416 Meeting Abstracts MeSH:D016416 pub_type FBcv:0000191 This term was obsoleted because it only ever used to annotate a couple of publications. advertisement true A work consisting of a self-described account. MeSH:D020493 pub_type FBcv:0000192 autobiography A work consisting of a self-described account. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D020493 A work consisting of a list of books, articles, documents, publications, and other items, usually on a single subject or related subjects. MeSH:D016417 Bibliography pub_type FBcv:0000193 bibliographic list A work consisting of a list of books, articles, documents, publications, and other items, usually on a single subject or related subjects. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016417 Bibliography MeSH:D016417 A work consisting of an account of the events, works, and achievements, personal and professional, during a person's life. This class includes articles on the activities and accomplishments of living persons as well as the presentation of an obituary. MeSH:D019215 pub_type FBcv:0000194 biography A work consisting of an account of the events, works, and achievements, personal and professional, during a person's life. This class includes articles on the activities and accomplishments of living persons as well as the presentation of an obituary. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D019215 A publication on a single subject or related subjects that is complete in itself, whether constructed of chapters, sections, or parts, and that is not issued on a regular, ongoing basis. Every chapter is written by the same author or authors of the publication. pub_type FBcv:0000195 For books (in the common sense of the term) that have different authors for each chapter, please use 'edited book'. book A publication on a single subject or related subjects that is complete in itself, whether constructed of chapters, sections, or parts, and that is not issued on a regular, ongoing basis. Every chapter is written by the same author or authors of the publication. FBC:SM pub_type FBcv:0000196 This term was obsoleted because it was little used in curation. The formerly associated publications have mainly been annotated with other, more appropriate publication classes. booklet true A work consisting of a critical analysis of one or more books or other monographic works. MeSH:D022921 Book Reviews pub_type FBcv:0000197 book review A work consisting of a critical analysis of one or more books or other monographic works. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D022921 Book Reviews MeSH:D022921 pub_type CD-ROM FBcv:0000198 computer file true The published records of the papers delivered at or issued on the occasion of individual congresses, symposia, and meetings; abstracts of papers delivered at such congresses; reports of the officers and delegates of such congresses; combinations of the foregoing; or proceedings of the conference of a society if they are not limited to matters of internal organization. MeSH:D016423 Congresses conference proceedings meeting report pub_type FBcv:0000199 The definition is taken straight from the MeSH term Congresses, which PubMed uses to annotate both meeting reports written by attendees and conference abstract books. This term should therefore be used to index both of these two rather different artefacts. conference report The published records of the papers delivered at or issued on the occasion of individual congresses, symposia, and meetings; abstracts of papers delivered at such congresses; reports of the officers and delegates of such congresses; combinations of the foregoing; or proceedings of the conference of a society if they are not limited to matters of internal organization. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016423 Congresses MeSH:D016423 pub_type FBcv:0000200 This term was obsoleted because it was little used. All publications associated with it have been re-annotated with other publication classes. demonstration true A record of a DNA or RNA sequence in some standard format, such as GenBank or EMBL or DDBJ. pub_type FBcv:0000201 DNA/RNA sequence record A record of a DNA or RNA sequence in some standard format, such as GenBank or EMBL or DDBJ. FBC:DOS FBC:SM A record of a protein sequence in some standard format, such as UniProtKB. pub_type FBcv:0000202 protein sequence record A record of a protein sequence in some standard format, such as UniProtKB. FBC:SM A work consisting of an acknowledgement of an error, issued by a publisher, editor, or author. MeSH:D016425 Corrigendum Published Erratum correction pub_type FBcv:0000203 erratum A work consisting of an acknowledgement of an error, issued by a publisher, editor, or author. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016425 Corrigendum MeSH:D016425 Published Erratum MeSH:D016425 A film or video that is factual, documentary or instructional in character. video pub_type FBcv:0000204 film A film or video that is factual, documentary or instructional in character. FBC:SM MeSH:D019499 MeSH:D019514 A work consisting of a conversation with an individual regarding his or her background and other personal and professional details, opinions on specific subjects posed by the interviewer. MeSH:D017203 pub_type FBcv:0000205 interview A work consisting of a conversation with an individual regarding his or her background and other personal and professional details, opinions on specific subjects posed by the interviewer. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D017203 pub_type FBcv:0000206 This term was obsoleted because it only ever used to annotate one, unarchived publication. jigsaw puzzle true A work consisting of written or printed communication between individuals or between persons and representatives of corporate bodies. The correspondence may be personal or professional. MeSH:D016422 pub_type FBcv:0000207 In medical and other scientific publications the letter is usually from one or more authors to the editor of the journal or book publishing the item being commented upon or discussed. letter A work consisting of written or printed communication between individuals or between persons and representatives of corporate bodies. The correspondence may be personal or professional. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016422 pub_type FBcv:0000208 This term was obsoleted because it had only been used once in FlyBase, and this was for an artefact that is not present in a FlyBase associated archive. The associated record in FlyBase CHADO has been obsoleted. microscope slides true A work consisting of an announcement or statement of recent or current events of new data and matters of interest in the field of medicine or science, published in a scientific journal. MeSH:D016433 pub_type FBcv:0000209 news article A work consisting of an announcement or statement of recent or current events of new data and matters of interest in the field of medicine or science, published in a scientific journal. FBC:SM MeSH:D016433 A work consisting of a critical or explanatory note written to discuss, support, or dispute an article or other presentation previously published. MeSH:D016420 Comment pub_type FBcv:0000210 note A work consisting of a critical or explanatory note written to discuss, support, or dispute an article or other presentation previously published. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016420 Comment MeSH:D016420 A published announcement of a death accompanied by a short biography of the deceased. pub_type FBcv:0000211 obituary A published announcement of a death accompanied by a short biography of the deceased. FBC:SM An article reporting original research, published in a peer-reviewed journal. Journal article MeSH:D016428 pub_type FBcv:0000212 Note that this is a much more specific class than that referred to by MeSH Journal article (D016428). paper An article reporting original research, published in a peer-reviewed journal. FBC:SM Journal article MeSH:D016428 A work consisting of documents granted by a government giving exclusive rights to an inventor or assignee to manufacture, use, or sell an invention for a certain number of years. MeSH:D020490 pub_type FBcv:0000213 patent A work consisting of documents granted by a government giving exclusive rights to an inventor or assignee to manufacture, use, or sell an invention for a certain number of years. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D020490 A work that has not been formally published and that consists of observations or data submitted by a researcher or group of researchers directly to FlyBase. pub_type FBcv:0000214 personal communication to FlyBase A work that has not been formally published and that consists of observations or data submitted by a researcher or group of researchers directly to FlyBase. FBC:DOS FBC:SM A literary or oral work expressing meaning via symbolism and following formal or informal patterns. MeSH:D055821 poetry pub_type FBcv:0000215 poem A literary or oral work expressing meaning via symbolism and following formal or informal patterns. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D055821 poetry MeSH:D055821 A work consisting of a single or multi-sheet notice made to attract attention to events, activities, causes, goods, or services. It is for posting, usually in a public place and is chiefly pictorial. It is intended to make an immediate impression from a distance. MeSH:D019519 pub_type FBcv:0000216 The class does not encompass poster presentations at conferences and meetings. poster A work consisting of a single or multi-sheet notice made to attract attention to events, activities, causes, goods, or services. It is for posting, usually in a public place and is chiefly pictorial. It is intended to make an immediate impression from a distance. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D019519 A written or recorded communication directed at members of the news media for the purpose of announcing something ostensibly newsworthy. pub_type FBcv:0000217 press release A written or recorded communication directed at members of the news media for the purpose of announcing something ostensibly newsworthy. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Press_release&oldid=482495713 pub_type FBcv:0000218 This term has been obsoleted because it was little used in curation and the artefacts annotated with it are not present in any FlyBase associated archive. Records annotated with this term have been obsoleted in the FlyBase CHADO database. recording true A work consisting of a statement issued by one or more authors of an article or a book, withdrawing or disavowing acknowledgement of their participation in performing research or writing the results of their study. MeSH:D016440 Retraction of Publication pub_type FBcv:0000219 retraction A work consisting of a statement issued by one or more authors of an article or a book, withdrawing or disavowing acknowledgement of their participation in performing research or writing the results of their study. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016440 Retraction of Publication MeSH:D016440 An article or book published after examination of published material on a subject. MeSH:D016454 pub_type FBcv:0000220 The reviews most often desired are reviews of the current literature, but a review of historical literature is also within the scope of this publication type. review An article or book published after examination of published material on a subject. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016454 pub_type FBcv:0000221 This term has been obsoleted because it was little used in curation and the artefacts annotated with it are not present in any FlyBase associated archive. slides true A mildly satirical mockery or parody of a conventional publication type. MeSH:D020480 pub_type FBcv:0000222 spoof A mildly satirical mockery or parody of a conventional publication type. FBC:SM A list of Drosophila stocks kept by a specified stock center or research group. pub_type FBcv:0000223 stock list A list of Drosophila stocks kept by a specified stock center or research group. FBC:SM Supporting content or information, such as animation, datasets, multimedia files, video, movies, audio files, text files, or software, which is submitted for publication in an online journal or an online edition of a journal. This information may be referenced in the text of the article with a link to the supplementary data provided. MeSH:D058537 Electronic Supplementary Materials additional files supplementary information supporting information pub_type FBcv:0000224 supplementary material Supporting content or information, such as animation, datasets, multimedia files, video, movies, audio files, text files, or software, which is submitted for publication in an online journal or an online edition of a journal. This information may be referenced in the text of the article with a link to the supplementary data provided. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D058537 Electronic Supplementary Materials MeSH:D058537 pub_type FBcv:0000225 This term was obsoleted because it had been used only once in ~20 years of curation. T-shirt true A diagram that is designed to be touched, rather than looked at. These are generally made for use by blind or visually impaired people. pub_type FBcv:0000226 tactile diagram true A diagram that is designed to be touched, rather than looked at. These are generally made for use by blind or visually impaired people. FBC:DOS An article describing exercises or practicals suitable for teaching. pub_type FBcv:0000227 teaching note An article describing exercises or practicals suitable for teaching. FBC:SM A work consisting of a formal presentation made usually to fulfill requirements for an academic degree. MeSH:D019478 Academic Dissertations pub_type FBcv:0000228 thesis A work consisting of a formal presentation made usually to fulfill requirements for an academic degree. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D019478 Academic Dissertations MeSH:D019478 A systematic effort to annotate gene models on a sequenced Drosophila genome, such as those conducted for D. melanogaster at the Celera Jamboree. Annotations may be performed manually or automatically. pub_type automatic genome annotation FBcv:0000229 Note that the name of this publication type will change to simply 'genome annotation', but this change has been delayed pending required work on the database. curated genome annotation A systematic effort to annotate gene models on a sequenced Drosophila genome, such as those conducted for D. melanogaster at the Celera Jamboree. Annotations may be performed manually or automatically. FBC:SM FBcv:0000229 pub_type FBcv:0000230 This term was obsoleted because it was hardly ever used. Please use FBcv:0000229 instead. automatic genome annotation true A work consisting of a set of statements, directions, or principles presenting current or future rules or policy. Guideline MeSH:D016431 pub_type FBcv:0000231 white paper A work consisting of a set of statements, directions, or principles presenting current or future rules or policy. FBC:SM http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016431 Guideline MeSH:D016431 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000232 recessive lethal balancer for chromosome 3 true A work that has not been formally published. MeSH:D022902 Unpublished Works pub_type privately distributed report FBcv:0000233 unpublished A work that has not been formally published. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D022902 Unpublished Works MeSH:D022902 Qualifier that describes the language of the publication. language FBcv:0000234 publication language Qualifier that describes the language of the publication. FBC:MMC Publication in the Afrikaans language. language FBcv:0000235 Afrikaans Publication in the Afrikaans language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Arabic language. language FBcv:0000236 Arabic Publication in the Arabic language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Armenian language. language FBcv:0000237 Armenian Publication in the Armenian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Belarussian language. language Belarusian FBcv:0000238 Belarussian Publication in the Belarussian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Bulgarian language. language FBcv:0000239 Bulgarian Publication in the Bulgarian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Catalan language. language FBcv:0000240 Catalan Publication in the Catalan language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Chinese language. language FBcv:0000241 Chinese Publication in the Chinese language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Cumbrian language. language FBcv:0000242 Cumbrian Publication in the Cumbrian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Czech language. language FBcv:0000243 Czech Publication in the Czech language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Danish language. language FBcv:0000244 Danish Publication in the Danish language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Dutch language. language FBcv:0000245 Dutch Publication in the Dutch language. FBC:MMC Publication in the English language. language FBcv:0000246 English Publication in the English language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Estonian language. language FBcv:0000247 Estonian Publication in the Estonian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Faroese language. language FBcv:0000248 Faroese Publication in the Faroese language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Farsi language. language FBcv:0000249 Farsi Publication in the Farsi language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Finnish language. language FBcv:0000250 Finnish Publication in the Finnish language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Flemish language. language FBcv:0000251 Flemish Publication in the Flemish language. FBC:MMC Publication in the French language. language FBcv:0000252 French Publication in the French language. FBC:MMC Publication in the German language. language FBcv:0000253 German Publication in the German language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Greek language. language FBcv:0000254 Greek Publication in the Greek language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Hebrew language. language FBcv:0000255 Hebrew Publication in the Hebrew language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Hungarian language. language FBcv:0000256 Hungarian Publication in the Hungarian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Icelandic language. language FBcv:0000257 Icelandic Publication in the Icelandic language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Indonesian language. language FBcv:0000258 Indonesian Publication in the Indonesian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Italian language. language FBcv:0000259 Italian Publication in the Italian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Japanese language. language FBcv:0000260 Japanese Publication in the Japanese language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Jugoslavian language. language FBcv:0000261 Jugoslavian Publication in the Jugoslavian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Korean language. language FBcv:0000262 Korean Publication in the Korean language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Latin language. language FBcv:0000263 Latin Publication in the Latin language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Latvian language. language FBcv:0000264 Latvian Publication in the Latvian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Lithuanian language. language FBcv:0000265 Lithuanian Publication in the Lithuanian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Malay language. language FBcv:0000266 Malay Publication in the Malay language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Malayalam language. language FBcv:0000267 Malayalam Publication in the Malayalam language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Norwegian language. language FBcv:0000268 Norwegian Publication in the Norwegian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Polish language. language FBcv:0000269 Polish Publication in the Polish language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Portuguese language. language FBcv:0000270 Portuguese Publication in the Portuguese language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Serbo-Croat (Roman) language. language FBcv:0000271 Serbo-Croat(Roman) Publication in the Serbo-Croat (Roman) language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Roman language. language FBcv:0000272 Romanian Publication in the Roman language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Russian language. language FBcv:0000273 Russian Publication in the Russian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Serbo-Croat language. language FBcv:0000274 Serbo-Croat Publication in the Serbo-Croat language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Slovak language. language FBcv:0000275 Slovak Publication in the Slovak language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Slovenian language. language FBcv:0000276 Slovenian Publication in the Slovenian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Spanish language. language FBcv:0000277 Spanish Publication in the Spanish language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Swedish language. language FBcv:0000278 Swedish Publication in the Swedish language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Turkish language. language FBcv:0000279 Turkish Publication in the Turkish language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Ukrainian language. language FBcv:0000280 Ukrainian Publication in the Ukrainian language. FBC:MMC Publication in the Yiddish language. language FBcv:0000281 Yiddish Publication in the Yiddish language. FBC:MMC Rank that describes the usefulness of mutants according to their phenotype. scorability FBcv:0000282 mutant scorability rank Rank that describes the usefulness of mutants according to their phenotype. FBC:MMC The RK1 rank describes mutants that are easily scored. scorability FBcv:0000283 RK1 The RK1 rank describes mutants that are easily scored. FlyBase:FBrf0066905 The RK2 rank describes mutants that are usable but less convenient. scorability FBcv:0000284 RK2 The RK2 rank describes mutants that are usable but less convenient. FlyBase:FBrf0066905 The RK3 rank describes mutants that are of limited usefulness. scorability FBcv:0000285 RK3 The RK3 rank describes mutants that are of limited usefulness. FlyBase:FBrf0066905 Term that describes the type of allele. allele morphy class allele_class FBcv:0000286 allele class Term that describes the type of allele. FBC:MMC An allele that either makes no functional gene product, makes reduced levels of a normally functioning gene product or makes a gene product with reduced activity compared to wild-type. allele_class FBcv:0000287 Loss of function alleles are generally, but not exclusively, recessive. At haplo-insufficient loci (loci that require two copies for normal function), loss of function alleles can be dominant. loss of function allele An allele that either makes no functional gene product, makes reduced levels of a normally functioning gene product or makes a gene product with reduced activity compared to wild-type. FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred to completely lack function from the observation that addition of extra copies in the genome has no effect on the phenotype. Most commonly, evidence takes the form of the observation that the phenotype of homozygotes (2 copies) is identical to that seen when the allele is in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). allele_class FBcv:0000288 amorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred to completely lack function from the observation that addition of extra copies in the genome has no effect on the phenotype. Most commonly, evidence takes the form of the observation that the phenotype of homozygotes (2 copies) is identical to that seen when the allele is in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 Allele inferred to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity from the observation that extra copies in the genome decrease the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that the homozygote (2 copies) has a weaker phenotype than the allele in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy)). allele_class FBcv:0000289 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence Allele inferred to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity from the observation that extra copies in the genome decrease the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that the homozygote (2 copies) has a weaker phenotype than the allele in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy)). FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that either makes a normally functioning gene product but at higher levels or in a different spatial or temporal pattern to wild-type, or a product with increased or novel activity compared to wild-type. allele_class FBcv:0000290 Gain of function alleles are generally dominant. But not all dominant alleles are gain of function alleles. gain of function allele An allele that either makes a normally functioning gene product but at higher levels or in a different spatial or temporal pattern to wild-type, or a product with increased or novel activity compared to wild-type. FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that is inferred to make a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type based on the evidence that the phenotype is unaffected by extra or fewer doses of the wild-type gene. allele_class FBcv:0000291 neomorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele that is inferred to make a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type based on the evidence that the phenotype is unaffected by extra or fewer doses of the wild-type gene. FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that is inferred to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the wild-type gene product from the observations that extra copies of the wild-type allele reduce the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype. So, the phenotype over a deficiency is stronger than that over a wild-type allele, which in turn is stronger than that in the presence of a duplication of the wild-type locus. This test is similar to that used for hypomorphic alleles. An antimorph can be distinguished from a dominant hypermorph as only the former can be reverted to wild-type by deletion of the mutant allele. allele_class FBcv:0000292 antimorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele that is inferred to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the wild-type gene product from the observations that extra copies of the wild-type allele reduce the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype. So, the phenotype over a deficiency is stronger than that over a wild-type allele, which in turn is stronger than that in the presence of a duplication of the wild-type locus. This test is similar to that used for hypomorphic alleles. An antimorph can be distinguished from a dominant hypermorph as only the former can be reverted to wild-type by deletion of the mutant allele. FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred to make either increased amounts of a normal gene product or a gene product with normal function but increased activity compared to wild-type from the observation that extra copies in the genome increase the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that homozygotes (2 copies) have a stronger phenotype than transheterozygotes to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). allele_class FBcv:0000293 hypermorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred to make either increased amounts of a normal gene product or a gene product with normal function but increased activity compared to wild-type from the observation that extra copies in the genome increase the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that homozygotes (2 copies) have a stronger phenotype than transheterozygotes to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 Allele that corresponds to the wild-type one. allele_class FBcv:0000294 wild-type allele Allele that corresponds to the wild-type one. FBC:MMC Wild-type allele that can be distinguished from others. allele_class FBcv:0000295 wild-type generic Wild-type allele that can be distinguished from others. FBC:MMC Wild-type allele that can only be distinguished from another one under special conditions. allele_class FBcv:0000296 isoallele Wild-type allele that can only be distinguished from another one under special conditions. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000297 extracted wild-type chromosome 1 true A phenotypic attribute is described as recessive when it is manifest only in individuals homozygous or hemizygous for the allele that causes that phenotype. dominance_qualifier FBcv:0000298 recessive A phenotypic attribute is described as recessive when it is manifest only in individuals homozygous or hemizygous for the allele that causes that phenotype. ISBN:978-0-8053-0316-2 A phenotypic attribute is described as dominant when it is manifest in individuals heterozygous for the allele that causes that phenotype. dominance_qualifier FBcv:0000299 dominant A phenotypic attribute is described as dominant when it is manifest in individuals heterozygous for the allele that causes that phenotype. ISBN:978-0-8053-0316-2 A phenotypic attribute is described as codominant when it is manifest in individuals carrying the allele that causes that phenotype, irrespective of the homologous allele. dominance_qualifier FBcv:0000300 codominant A phenotypic attribute is described as codominant when it is manifest in individuals carrying the allele that causes that phenotype, irrespective of the homologous allele. ISBN:978-0-8053-0316-2 A phenotypic attribute is described as semidominant when individuals heterozygous for the allele show phenotypes part way between homozygotes for either allele. dominance_qualifier FBcv:0000301 semidominant A phenotypic attribute is described as semidominant when individuals heterozygous for the allele show phenotypes part way between homozygotes for either allele. ISBN:978-0-8053-0316-2 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000302 extracted wild-type chromosome 2 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000303 extracted wild-type chromosome 3 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000304 extracted wild-type chromosome 4 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000305 extracted wild-type chromosome Y true Expression is limited to one or other sex by virtue of the particular biology of that sex, rather than the sex-linkage of the genes underlying the attribute. sex_qualifier FBcv:0000306 May be used to qualify expression of phenotypes or of genes, transgenes etc. sex limited Expression is limited to one or other sex by virtue of the particular biology of that sex, rather than the sex-linkage of the genes underlying the attribute. FlyBase:FBrf0075559 Expression is limited to males by virtue of the particular biology of males, rather than the sex-linkage of the gene(s) involved. sex_qualifier FBcv:0000307 May be used to qualify expression of phenotypes or of genes, transgenes etc. male limited Expression is limited to males by virtue of the particular biology of males, rather than the sex-linkage of the gene(s) involved. FlyBase:FBrf0075559 Expression is limited to females by virtue of the particular biology of females, rather than the sex-linkage of the gene(s) involved. sex_qualifier FBcv:0000308 May be used to qualify expression of phenotypes or of genes, transgenes etc. female limited Expression is limited to females by virtue of the particular biology of females, rather than the sex-linkage of the gene(s) involved. FlyBase:FBrf0075559 Phenotype expressed only under specific environmental conditions that do not induce the same defect in wild-type animals. environmental_qualifier conditional qualifier FBcv:0000309 conditional Phenotype expressed only under specific environmental conditions that do not induce the same defect in wild-type animals. FBC:DOS Phenotype only expressed in some subset of the temperature range within which wild-type animals are viable. environmental_qualifier FBcv:0000310 temperature conditional Phenotype only expressed in some subset of the temperature range within which wild-type animals are viable. FBC:DOS Phenotype only expressed at high temperatures. conditional - heat sensitive conditional ts hs environmental_qualifier FBcv:0000311 heat sensitive Phenotype only expressed at high temperatures. FBC:DOS Phenotype only expressed at low temperatures. conditional - cold sensitive conditional cs cs environmental_qualifier FBcv:0000312 cold sensitive Phenotype only expressed at low temperatures. FBC:DOS Phenotype expressed only in the presence of some specific drug (CHEBI:23888) whose presence does not induce the same defect in wild-type animals. environmental_qualifier FBcv:0000313 drug conditional Phenotype expressed only in the presence of some specific drug (CHEBI:23888) whose presence does not induce the same defect in wild-type animals. FBC:DOS Phenotype expressed only in the presence of RU486 (CHEBI:50692), also known as mifepristone. conditional RU486 conditional mifepristone environmental_qualifier FBcv:0000314 RU486 conditional Phenotype expressed only in the presence of RU486 (CHEBI:50692), also known as mifepristone. FBC:DOS Phenotype expressed only in the presence of tetracycline (CHEBI:27902). conditional tetracycline environmental_qualifier FBcv:0000315 tetracycline conditional Phenotype expressed only in the presence of tetracycline (CHEBI:27902). FBC:DOS Phenotype that is the partial or full transformation of one or more segments (FBbt:00000003) or segmental appendages from one identity to another. For example, in antennapedia an antenna is partially or fully transformed into a leg. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000316 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons homeotic Phenotype that is the partial or full transformation of one or more segments (FBbt:00000003) or segmental appendages from one identity to another. For example, in antennapedia an antenna is partially or fully transformed into a leg. FBC:DOS FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000317 isogenic chromosome 1 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000318 isogenic chromosome 2 true Expression across a contiguous block of two or more segments of the blastoderm. embryonic_pattern_qualifier FBcv:0000319 gap expression pattern Expression across a contiguous block of two or more segments of the blastoderm. FBC:DOS Expression in the terminal regions of the embryo/larva: the acron, telson and adjacent segments. embryonic_pattern_qualifier terminal FBcv:0000320 terminal expression pattern Expression in the terminal regions of the embryo/larva: the acron, telson and adjacent segments. FBC:DOS FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000321 isogenic chromosome 3 true Expression in alternate segments of the blastoderm. embryonic_pattern_qualifier FBcv:0000322 pair rule expression pattern Expression in alternate segments of the blastoderm. FBC:DOS Qualifier that describes an expression pattern of a segment polarity gene. Expression is observed in a specific location in each segment. embryonic_pattern_qualifier FBcv:0000323 segment polarity expression pattern Qualifier that describes an expression pattern of a segment polarity gene. Expression is observed in a specific location in each segment. FBC:MMC Phenotype that is a defect in dorsal/ventral axis specification (GO:0009950). 'dorsal/ventral axis specification' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009950' phenotypic_class dorsal-ventral polarity FBcv:0000324 dorsal/ventral axis specification defective Phenotype that is a defect in dorsal/ventral axis specification (GO:0009950). 'dorsal/ventral axis specification' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009950' FBC:DOS dorsal-ventral polarity FBC:DOS A phenotype that is an expansion of the developing embryonic nervous system at the expense of developing ventral epidermis. djs93 2011-09-13T02:42:10Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000325 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons Typically this is caused by and expansion of the population of neuroblasts at the expense of prospective epidermis, both of which originate in the ventral ectoderm. neurogenic phenotype A phenotype that is an expansion of the developing embryonic nervous system at the expense of developing ventral epidermis. FlyBase:FBrf0040185 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000326 isogenic chromosome 4 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000327 P-element transposase source for transposable element mutagenesis true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000328 hobo transposase source for transposable element mutagenesis true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000329 piggyBac transposase source for transposable element mutagenesis true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000330 minos transposase source for transposable element mutagenesis true FBcv:0000176 PATO:0001774 temporal_qualifier FBcv:0000331 This term has been obsoleted because there are new terms to replace it [FBC:MMC]. mc161027 polyphasic true Qualifier that relates the expression of a phenotype to the sex of the individual. sex qualifier sex_qualifier FBcv:0000332 sex Qualifier that relates the expression of a phenotype to the sex of the individual. FBC:MMC sex qualifier FBC:DOS Expressed in males. sex_qualifier FBcv:0000333 This term has historically been used as a qualifier for expression and phenotype, but its use for phenotype has been deprecated. Its use does not imply expression exclusively in males. male Expressed in males. FBC:DOS Expressed in females. sex_qualifier FBcv:0000334 This term has historically been used as a qualifier for expression and phenotype, but its use for phenotype has been deprecated. Its use does not imply expression exclusively in females. female Expressed in females. FBC:DOS A clone of germline cells that share a genotype. germ-line clone clone_qualifier FBcv:0000335 germline clone A clone of germline cells that share a genotype. FBC:DOS A clone of somatic cells that share a genotype that is different from the genotype of the animal in which it resides and from which it is derived. clone_qualifier FBcv:0000336 somatic clone A clone of somatic cells that share a genotype that is different from the genotype of the animal in which it resides and from which it is derived. FBC:DOS FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000337 P-element ammunition for transposable element mutagenesis true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000338 hobo ammunition for transposable element mutagenesis true FBcv:0000811 extent FBcv:0000339 DEPRECATION WARNING: This term has been obsoleted as 'fully' is assumed in the absence of use of 'partially'. mc151118 fully true Incomplete penetrance or expressivity of a phenotype or incomplete suppression of a phenotype. extent FBcv:0000340 Note on usage: This qualifier should not be used in combination with lethal, viable, sterile or fertile. For these cases, terms of the form semi-X should be used instead. partially Incomplete penetrance or expressivity of a phenotype or incomplete suppression of a phenotype. FBC:DOS FBcv:0000811 intensity_qualifier FBcv:0000341 This term has been obsoleted as it should be assumed a phenotype is good, unless it is said otherwise, by using other qualifiers. mc151118 good true Qualifier that describes a phenotype that has poor penetrance or expressivity. intensity_qualifier FBcv:0000342 poor Qualifier that describes a phenotype that has poor penetrance or expressivity. FBC:MMC Qualifier that describes a phenotype that has reduced penetrance or expressivity when compared to wild-type. intensity_qualifier FBcv:0000343 reduced Qualifier that describes a phenotype that has reduced penetrance or expressivity when compared to wild-type. FBC:MMC Qualifier that describes an electrophoretic migration of a gene product that is slower than the wild-type. PATO:0000304 intensity_qualifier FBcv:0000344 slow Qualifier that describes an electrophoretic migration of a gene product that is slower than the wild-type. FBC:MMC Qualifier that describes an electrophoretic migration of a gene product that is intermediate in speed compared to the wild-type. PATO:0000303 intensity_qualifier FBcv:0000345 fast Qualifier that describes an electrophoretic migration of a gene product that is intermediate in speed compared to the wild-type. FBC:MMC Qualifier that describes a phenotype that is intermediate in speed compared to the wild-type. intensity_qualifier FBcv:0000346 This qualifier can be used to describe an electrophoretic migration of a gene product that is intermediate in speed compared to the wild-type. intermediate Qualifier that describes a phenotype that is intermediate in speed compared to the wild-type. FBC:MMC phenotypic_class FBcv:0000347 phenotypic class The canonical phenotype of a wild-type Drosophilid. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000348 wild-type The canonical phenotype of a wild-type Drosophilid. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is survival to mature adulthood, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). phenotypic_class FBcv:0000349 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons Note, this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially'. Use semi-viable or semi-lethal instead. viable A phenotype that is survival to mature adulthood, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS 5 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant proportion of animals in that population, but less that half, prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). semi-viable phenotypic_class FBcv:0000350 partially lethal - majority live A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant proportion of animals in that population, but less that half, prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). phenotypic_class FBcv:0000351 Note on usage: lethal is appropriate in cases where escaper adults are very rare. The lethal phase prior to becoming a mature adult may be further specified using children terms which specify stage. lethal A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS FBC:KM 50 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a majority of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). semi-lethal phenotypic_class FBcv:0000352 Stages during which there is significant death prior to mature adulthood can be indicated using one or more stage qualifiers. partially lethal - majority die A phenotype of a population that is the death of a majority of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS FBC:KM FBC:NB A phenotype that is a failure of mutant cells to survive. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000353 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons Typically, this phenotype is assayed in clones of cells. cell lethal A phenotype that is a failure of mutant cells to survive. FBC:DOS A post-embryonic, macroscopic, anatomical phenotype. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000354 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons visible A post-embryonic, macroscopic, anatomical phenotype. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in eye color compared to wild-type. eye colour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000355 eye color defective Phenotype that is a defect in eye color compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is a defect in body color compared to wild-type. body colour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000356 body color defective A phenotype that is a defect in body color compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is a defect in the size of the whole body or some body part compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000357 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons size defective A phenotype that is a defect in the size of the whole body or some body part compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decrease in body size compared to identically raised wild-type controls. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000358 small body Phenotype that is a decrease in body size compared to identically raised wild-type controls. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decrease in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by decreased growth - there may be fewer cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. reduced cell number phenotypic_class FBcv:0000359 decreased cell number Phenotype that is a decrease in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by decreased growth - there may be fewer cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decrease in the size of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by decreased growth of a tissue - there may be more cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. reduced cell size phenotypic_class FBcv:0000360 Note that defects in cell size are not necessarily the result of defects in cell growth. A change in the rate of cell division in the absence of any change in cell growth rate can result in smaller or larger cells. decreased cell size Phenotype that is a decrease in the size of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by decreased growth of a tissue - there may be more cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in body size compared to identically raised wild-type controls. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000361 large body Phenotype that is an increase in body size compared to identically raised wild-type controls. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000362 This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by overgrowth of a tissue - there may be more cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. It is not necessarily due to an increase in cell growth -it may be the result of an increase in the division rate at normal growth rates. It may not even be due to an increase in the cell division rate - a reduced rate of cell death while the division rate is normal could also achieve it. increased cell number Phenotype that is an increase in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in the size of cells compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000363 May be due to an increase in the cell growth rate or to a reduced rate of cell division along with a normal rate of cell growth. increased cell size Phenotype that is an increase in the size of cells compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is the inability to produce a zygote. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000364 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons The cause of sterility may be physical or behavioral. Note, this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially'. Use semi-sterile or semi-fertile instead. sterile A phenotype that is the inability to produce a zygote. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced to below 50% of wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000365 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons semi-sterile A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced to below 50% of wild-type. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is the inability of females to mate and produce fertilized offspring. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000366 The cause of sterility may be physical or behavioral. Note: this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially' - use semi-sterile or semi-fertile instead. female sterile A phenotype that is the inability of females to mate and produce fertilized offspring. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced by females to below 50% of wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000367 female semi-sterile A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced by females to below 50% of wild-type. FBC:DOS A phenotype of female sterility due to defects in the female germline. female sterile germ-line-dependent phenotypic_class FBcv:0000368 female sterile germline-dependent A phenotype of female sterility due to defects in the female germline. FBC:DOS A phenotype of female sterility due to defects in somatic cells of the ovary (FBbt:00006030), or of the products of these cells (such as eggshell). phenotypic_class FBcv:0000369 female sterile soma-dependent A phenotype of female sterility due to defects in somatic cells of the ovary (FBbt:00006030), or of the products of these cells (such as eggshell). FBC:DOS A phenotype that is the inability of males to mate and produce fertilized offspring. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000370 The cause of sterility may be physical or behavioral. Note - this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially' - use semi-sterile or semi-fertile instead. male sterile A phenotype that is the inability of males to mate and produce fertilized offspring. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced by males to below 50% of wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000371 male semi-sterile A phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced by males to below 50% of wild-type. FBC:DOS A phenotype of male sterility due to defects in the male germline. male sterile germ-line-dependent phenotypic_class FBcv:0000372 male sterile germline-dependent A phenotype of male sterility due to defects in the male germline. FBC:DOS A phenotype of male sterility due to defects in somatic cells of the testis (FBbt:00006031) or of the products of these cells. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000373 male sterile soma-dependent A phenotype of male sterility due to defects in somatic cells of the testis (FBbt:00006031) or of the products of these cells. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is the ability to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000374 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons Note, this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially'. Use semi-sterile or semi-fertile instead. fertile A phenotype that is the ability to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced to, but only to > 50% of wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000375 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons semi-fertile Phenotype that is a reduction in the proportion of fertilized eggs produced to, but only to > 50% of wild-type. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is the ability of males to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000376 Note - this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially' - use male semi-sterile or male semi-fertile instead. male fertile A phenotype that is the ability of males to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is the ability of females to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000377 Note - this term should not be used with the qualifier 'partially' - use female semi-sterile or female semi-fertile instead. female fertile A phenotype that is the ability of females to mate and as a result produce fertilized eggs. FBC:DOS A phenotype in which all offspring are sterile. Typically, this is due to maternal effect sterility resulting from defects in pole cell development. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000378 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons grandchildless A phenotype in which all offspring are sterile. Typically, this is due to maternal effect sterility resulting from defects in pole cell development. ISBN:978-0-87969-321-3 Genotype g1 is an enhancer of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is greater than that caused by g2 alone. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000379 Typically, g2 is a chromosomal aberration or an insertion. enhancer of variegation Genotype g1 is an enhancer of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is greater than that caused by g2 alone. FBC:DOS Genotype g1 is a non-enhancer of variegation of the phenotype due to genotype g2 if, and only if, g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is not greater than that caused by g2 alone. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000380 non-enhancer of variegation Genotype g1 is a non-enhancer of variegation of the phenotype due to genotype g2 if, and only if, g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is not greater than that caused by g2 alone. FBC:DOS Genotype g1 is a suppressor of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is less than that caused by to g2 alone. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000381 Typically, g2 is a chromosomal aberration or an insertion. suppressor of variegation Genotype g1 is a suppressor of variegation if, and only if, some genotype g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is less than that caused by to g2 alone. FBC:DOS Genotype g1 is a non-suppressor of variegation of the phenotype due to genotype g2 if, and only if, g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is not less than that caused by g2 alone. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000382 non-suppressor of variegation Genotype g1 is a non-suppressor of variegation of the phenotype due to genotype g2 if, and only if, g2 has a variegated phenotype and the degree of variegation caused by g1g2 is not less than that caused by g2 alone. FBC:DOS A phenotype that is the inability to synthesize some organic compound that can be synthesized by wild-type animals, and that is required for normal growth and/or development. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000383 auxotroph A phenotype that is the inability to synthesize some organic compound that can be synthesized by wild-type animals, and that is required for normal growth and/or development. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxotrophic Phenotype that is a defect in aging (GO:0007568). 'aging' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007568' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000384 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons aging defective Phenotype that is a defect in aging (GO:0007568). 'aging' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007568' GOC:PO_curators 5 Phenotype that is a shorter adult life-span than wild-type. increased adult mortality phenotypic_class FBcv:0000385 short lived Phenotype that is a shorter adult life-span than wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a longer adult life-span than wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000386 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons long lived Phenotype that is a longer adult life-span than wild-type. FBC:DOS behaviour defective behavioural phenotypic_class behavioral FBcv:0000387 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons behavior defective Phenotype that is a change in the strong tendency, seen in wild-type Drosophila melanogaster, to climb - a behavior otherwise known as negative gravitaxis (GO:0048060 ; movement away from the source of gravity). phenotypic_class geotaxis behaviour defective gravitaxis behavior defective FBcv:0000388 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons Note, this term should not be used when flies have climbing defects purely as a consequence of locomotion defects, use 'locomotor behavior defective' instead. gravitaxis defective Phenotype that is a change in the strong tendency, seen in wild-type Drosophila melanogaster, to climb - a behavior otherwise known as negative gravitaxis (GO:0048060 ; movement away from the source of gravity). FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a disposition to paralysis under conditions that do not cause paralysis in a wild-type animal. Paralysis is defined as an inability to exhibit `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) phenotypic_class FBcv:0000389 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons paralytic Phenotype that is a disposition to paralysis under conditions that do not cause paralysis in a wild-type animal. Paralysis is defined as an inability to exhibit `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) FBC:DOS A phenotype consisting of decreased frequency of `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000390 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons hypoactive A phenotype consisting of decreased frequency of `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS A phenotype exhibited following mechanical shock and consisting of a brief period of intense, uncoordinated motor activity (legs and wings flailing, abdomen coiling) followed by a prolonged period of paralysis. phenotypic_class easily shocked FBcv:0000391 bang sensitive A phenotype exhibited following mechanical shock and consisting of a brief period of intense, uncoordinated motor activity (legs and wings flailing, abdomen coiling) followed by a prolonged period of paralysis. FlyBase:FBrf0022877 easily shocked FlyBase:FBrf0022877 A phenotype consisting of increased frequency of `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000392 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons hyperactive A phenotype consisting of increased frequency of `multicellular organismal movement` (GO:0050879) compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to pain (GO:0048265). 'response to pain' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0048265' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000393 pain response defective Phenotype that is a defect in response to pain (GO:0048265). 'response to pain' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0048265' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in circadian rhythm (GO:0007623). 'circadian rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007623' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000394 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons circadian rhythm defective Phenotype that is a defect in circadian rhythm (GO:0007623). 'circadian rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007623' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in locomotor rhythm (GO:0045475). 'locomotor rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0045475' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000395 locomotor rhythm defective Phenotype that is a defect in locomotor rhythm (GO:0045475). 'locomotor rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0045475' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in eclosion rhythm (GO:0008062). 'eclosion rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0008062' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000396 eclosion rhythm defective Phenotype that is a defect in eclosion rhythm (GO:0008062). 'eclosion rhythm' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0008062' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in learning (GO:0007612). 'learning' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007612' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000397 learning defective Phenotype that is a defect in learning (GO:0007612). 'learning' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007612' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in memory (GO:0007613). 'memory' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007613' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000398 memory defective Phenotype that is a defect in memory (GO:0007613). 'memory' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007613' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in courtship behavior (GO:0007619). 'courtship behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007619' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000399 courtship behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in courtship behavior (GO:0007619). 'courtship behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007619' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in mating (GO:0007618). 'mating' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007618' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000400 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons mating defective Phenotype that is a defect in mating (GO:0007618). 'mating' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007618' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in circadian mating behavior (GO:0035648). 'circadian mating behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0035648' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000401 mating rhythm defective Phenotype that is a defect in circadian mating behavior (GO:0035648). 'circadian mating behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0035648' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production (GO:0045433). This is defined as '$sub_GO:0045433' singing defective song production defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000402 song defective Phenotype that is a defect in male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production (GO:0045433). This is defined as '$sub_GO:0045433' FBC:DOS singing defective FBC:SM song production defective FBC:SM Phenotype that is a defect in chemosensory behavior (GO:0007635). 'chemosensory behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007635'.' chemosensitive behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000403 chemosensitive behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in chemosensory behavior (GO:0007635). 'chemosensory behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007635'.' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of smell (GO:0007608). 'sensory perception of smell' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007608' olfaction defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000404 smell perception defective Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of smell (GO:0007608). 'sensory perception of smell' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007608' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of taste (GO:0050909). 'sensory perception of taste' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050909' gustation defective taste defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000405 taste perception defective Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of taste (GO:0050909). 'sensory perception of taste' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050909' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a failure to exhibit proboscis extension reflex in response to a sugar stimulus via taste sensilla on the tarsus. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000406 tarsal response defective Phenotype that is a failure to exhibit proboscis extension reflex in response to a sugar stimulus via taste sensilla on the tarsus. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of sound (GO:0007605). 'sensory perception of sound' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007605' phenotypic_class auditory system defective FBcv:0000407 auditory perception defective Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of sound (GO:0007605). 'sensory perception of sound' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007605' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to stress (GO:0006950). 'response to stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006950' environmental stress response defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000408 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons stress response defective Phenotype that is a defect in response to stress (GO:0006950). 'response to stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006950' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to osmotic stress (GO:0006970). 'response to osmotic stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006970' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000409 osmotic stress response defective Phenotype that is a defect in response to osmotic stress (GO:0006970). 'response to osmotic stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006970' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to heat (GO:0009408). 'response to heat' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009408' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000410 heat stress response defective Phenotype that is a defect in response to heat (GO:0009408). 'response to heat' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009408' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in visual behavior (GO:0007632). 'visual behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007632' visual behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000411 visual behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in visual behavior (GO:0007632). 'visual behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007632' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in optomotor response: a motor response during flight or walking that serves to stabilize both image formation on the retina and locomotor course. optomotor behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000412 optomotor response defective Phenotype that is a defect in optomotor response: a motor response during flight or walking that serves to stabilize both image formation on the retina and locomotor course. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in phototaxis (GO:0042331). 'phototaxis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042331' phenotypic_class phototaxis behaviour defective FBcv:0000413 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons phototaxis defective Phenotype that is a defect in phototaxis (GO:0042331). 'phototaxis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042331' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in locomotory behavior (GO:0007626). 'locomotory behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007626' locomotor behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000414 locomotor behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in locomotory behavior (GO:0007626). 'locomotory behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007626' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a reduced ability to jump or a reduced jump response. This may be due to neurological or muscular defects. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000415 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons jumping defective Phenotype that is a reduced ability to jump or a reduced jump response. This may be due to neurological or muscular defects. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a lack of normal co-ordination in locomotor activity. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000416 uncoordinated Phenotype that is a lack of normal co-ordination in locomotor activity. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in flight (GO:0060361). 'flight' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0060361' flight behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000417 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons This term is agnostic as to the causes of defects in flight. An animal's flight may be defective for mechanical, behavioral or sensory reasons. flight defective Phenotype that is a defect in flight (GO:0060361). 'flight' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0060361' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is the absence of flight (GO:0060361). 'flight' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0060361' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000418 This term is agnostic as to the causes of flightlessness. An animal may be flightless for mechanical or behavioral reasons. flightless Phenotype that is the absence of flight (GO:0060361). 'flight' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0060361' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in feeding behavior (GO:0007631). 'feeding behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007631' feeding behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000419 feeding behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in feeding behavior (GO:0007631). 'feeding behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007631' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in grooming behavior (GO:0007625). 'grooming behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007625' grooming behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000420 grooming behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in grooming behavior (GO:0007625). 'grooming behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007625' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is reduction in or loss of a stereotypical behavioral response to touch. touch sensitivity defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000421 This phenotype is commonly assayed by scoring larval avoidance responses following stroking of the thoracic segments (see Kernan et al., 1994). On its own, this is not sufficient evidence for a defect in sensory perception of touch, as motor defects can also cause this phenotype. touch response defective Phenotype that is reduction in or loss of a stereotypical behavioral response to touch. FlyBase:FBrf0073546 Phenotype that is a defect in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod (GO:0043153), which is defined as: '$sub_GO:0043153' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000422 photoperiod response variant Phenotype that is a defect in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod (GO:0043153), which is defined as: '$sub_GO:0043153' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in DNA repair (GO:0006281). 'DNA repair' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006281' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000423 DNA repair defective Phenotype that is a defect in DNA repair (GO:0006281). 'DNA repair' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006281' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a change in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This may be due to effects on the regulation of cell death (GO:0010941) or in cell death (GO:0008219) pathways themselves. apoptosis defective pcd defective programmed cell death defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000424 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons cell death defective Phenotype that is a change in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This may be due to effects on the regulation of cell death (GO:0010941) or in cell death (GO:0008219) pathways themselves. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. pcd increase programmed cell death increase phenotypic_class FBcv:0000425 increased cell death Phenotype that is an increase in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decrease in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. pcd decrease programmed cell death decrease phenotypic_class FBcv:0000426 decreased cell death Phenotype that is a decrease in the amount of cell death in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in cell growth (GO:0016049). 'cell growth' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0016049' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000427 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons Note that defects in cell size are not necessarily the result of defects in cell growth. A change in the rate of cell division in the absence of any change in cell growth rate can result in smaller or larger cells. cell growth defective Phenotype that is a defect in cell growth (GO:0016049). 'cell growth' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0016049' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in the size of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000428 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons cell size defective Phenotype that is a defect in the size of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in the shape (PATO:0000052) of some cell compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000429 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons cell shape defective Phenotype that is a defect in the shape (PATO:0000052) of some cell compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in the asymmetric distribution of components within a cell. For example an epithelial cell is 'cell polarity defective' if it lacks the normal asymmetric distribution of proteins or cell components such as junctions or villi along its apical-basal axis. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000430 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons cell polarity defective Phenotype that is a defect in the asymmetric distribution of components within a cell. For example an epithelial cell is 'cell polarity defective' if it lacks the normal asymmetric distribution of proteins or cell components such as junctions or villi along its apical-basal axis. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in meiotic cell cycle (GO:0051321). 'meiotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0051321' phenotypic_class meiotic FBcv:0000431 meiotic cell cycle defective Phenotype that is a defect in meiotic cell cycle (GO:0051321). 'meiotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0051321' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in mitotic cell cycle (GO:0000278). 'mitotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0000278' phenotypic_class mitotic FBcv:0000432 mitotic cell cycle defective Phenotype that is a defect in mitotic cell cycle (GO:0000278). 'mitotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0000278' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in cytokinesis (GO:0000910). 'cytokinesis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0000910' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000433 cytokinesis defective Phenotype that is a defect in cytokinesis (GO:0000910). 'cytokinesis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0000910' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in the electrophysiological properties of some class of neurons, muscles or anatomical structure of the nervous system. Examples of these phenotypes at the neuron class level include defects in spontaneous or evoked excitatory junction potential. Examples at a more gross anatomical level include abnormal retinal electrophysiology (e.g.- measured by an electroretinogram). phenotypic_class FBcv:0000434 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons neurophysiology defective Phenotype that is a defect in the electrophysiological properties of some class of neurons, muscles or anatomical structure of the nervous system. Examples of these phenotypes at the neuron class level include defects in spontaneous or evoked excitatory junction potential. Examples at a more gross anatomical level include abnormal retinal electrophysiology (e.g.- measured by an electroretinogram). FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in nervous system (FBbt:00005093). 'nervous system' is defined as: '$sub_FBbt:00005093' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000435 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons neuroanatomy defective Phenotype that is a defect in nervous system (FBbt:00005093). 'nervous system' is defined as: '$sub_FBbt:00005093' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sex determination (GO:0007530). 'sex determination' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007530' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000436 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons sex-determination defective Phenotype that is a defect in sex determination (GO:0007530). 'sex determination' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007530' FBC:DOS FBcv:0000436 phenotypic_class FBcv:0000437 This term was obsoleted because it was felt that the evidence provided in papers is not enough to annotate with this term. mc161014 dosage compensation defective true Phenotype that is a difference in electrophoretic migration of a gene product compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000438 electrophoretic variant Phenotype that is a difference in electrophoretic migration of a gene product compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decreased sensitivity (compared to wild-type) to the toxic effects of some specified chemical. The phrase 'toxic effects' here refers to reversible effects such as inebriation and sedation as well as sustained damage, developmental defects and death. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000439 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons chemical resistant Phenotype that is a decreased sensitivity (compared to wild-type) to the toxic effects of some specified chemical. The phrase 'toxic effects' here refers to reversible effects such as inebriation and sedation as well as sustained damage, developmental defects and death. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increased sensitivity (compared to wild-type) to the toxic effects of some specified chemical. The phrase 'toxic effects' here refers to reversible effects such as inebriation and sedation as well as sustained damage, developmental defects and death. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000440 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons chemical sensitive Phenotype that is an increased sensitivity (compared to wild-type) to the toxic effects of some specified chemical. The phrase 'toxic effects' here refers to reversible effects such as inebriation and sedation as well as sustained damage, developmental defects and death. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decreased tendency for radiation exposure to cause toxic effects. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000441 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons radiation resistant Phenotype that is a decreased tendency for radiation exposure to cause toxic effects. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increased tendency for radiation exposure to cause toxic effects. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000442 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons radiation sensitive Phenotype that is an increased tendency for radiation exposure to cause toxic effects. FBC:DOS Dominant phenotype consisting of short slender bristles and delayed development. Homozygotes are cell lethal. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000443 The phenotype may be a general result of mutations in essential components of the protein synthesis pathway, as a number of Minutes encode ribosomal proteins. In an animal that is heterozygous for a Minute mutation, cells with two wild-type alleles of the affected gene have a growth advantage. Many developmental studies take advantage of this fact to give somatic clones a growth advantage. The term 'Minute' should not be used to annotate the resulting phenotypes. Minute Dominant phenotype consisting of short slender bristles and delayed development. Homozygotes are cell lethal. FlyBase:FBrf0066905 Phenotype that is an increase in size of a tissue or organ due to increased numbers of cells, where the affected tissue or organ maintains its normal form. hyperplastic phenotypic_class FBcv:0000444 hyperplasia Phenotype that is an increase in size of a tissue or organ due to increased numbers of cells, where the affected tissue or organ maintains its normal form. ISBN:9780198506737 Phenotype that is characterized by the formation of abnormal masses of tissue (tumors) as the result of neoplasia. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000445 tumorigenic Phenotype that is characterized by the formation of abnormal masses of tissue (tumors) as the result of neoplasia. FBC:DOS Phenotype characterized by the formation of lumps of melanotic tissue inside the body in the absence of foreign bodies. melanotic 'tumor' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000446 Melanotic capsules are formed around foreign bodies in wild-type animals as part of the immune response, for example as a protection against parasitoid wasps. Some, but not all melanotic mass phenotypes involve ectopic activation of this immune response. While melanotic masses are commonly referred to as melanotic tumors in the historical literature, this is a misnomer as they are rarely neoplastic. melanotic mass phenotype Phenotype characterized by the formation of lumps of melanotic tissue inside the body in the absence of foreign bodies. FlyBase:FBrf0094387 FlyBase:FBrf0194475 Phenotype characterized by closely associated necrosis and melanization. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000447 melanotic necrosis Phenotype characterized by closely associated necrosis and melanization. FlyBase:FBrf0155704 Phenotype that is a defect in immune response (GO:0006955). 'immune response' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006955' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000448 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons immune response defective Phenotype that is a defect in immune response (GO:0006955). 'immune response' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006955' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in establishment of planar polarity (GO:0001736). 'establishment of planar polarity' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0001736' tissue polarity defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000449 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons For apical-basal polarity phenotypes of epithelia, the appropriate term is 'cell polarity defective'. planar polarity defective Phenotype that is a defect in establishment of planar polarity (GO:0001736). 'establishment of planar polarity' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0001736' GOC:dph Phenotype that is a change in the rate of some developmental process (GO:0032502) taking place prior to mature adulthood (defined as adult stage A3), compared to wild-type. Note, developmental processes include stages in development of the whole animal (e.g.- larval development) as well as specific sub-processes, such as dorsal closure. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000450 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons A more complete formalization would require a clause specifying stage. It might be possible to do this in OWL using the same system as we are using for lethal phase. developmental rate defective Phenotype that is a change in the rate of some developmental process (GO:0032502) taking place prior to mature adulthood (defined as adult stage A3), compared to wild-type. Note, developmental processes include stages in development of the whole animal (e.g.- larval development) as well as specific sub-processes, such as dorsal closure. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in wound healing (GO:0042060). 'wound healing' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042060' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000451 wound healing defective Phenotype that is a defect in wound healing (GO:0042060). 'wound healing' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042060' GOC:bf PMID:15269788 Describes the origin of the mutation that causes a phenotype. origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000452 origin of mutation Describes the origin of the mutation that causes a phenotype. FBC:MMC FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000453 piggyBac ammunition for transposable element mutagenesis true FBcv:0000455 origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000454 synthetic true DNA change introduced by using an in vitro construct. The sequence of the in vitro construct determines the type of change. change induced by in vitro construct origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000455 in vitro construct DNA change introduced by using an in vitro construct. The sequence of the in vitro construct determines the type of change. FBC:MMC Sequence change introduced by using an in vitro construct that contains a fusion of the regulatory region of one gene on to the coding region of another. Examples in FlyBase include heat shock constructs, FRT flip out constructs and reporter genes. change induced by an in vitro construct - regulatory fusion origin_of_mutation in vitro construct | regulatory fusion FBcv:0000456 Notes on usage: Use this, rather than 'in vitro construct - deletion', for families of promoter deletions. Thus, a family of deletions of eve promoters driving Ecol\\lacZ will have regulatory fusion, but not deletion, as their mutagen. in vitro construct - regulatory fusion Sequence change introduced by using an in vitro construct that contains a fusion of the regulatory region of one gene on to the coding region of another. Examples in FlyBase include heat shock constructs, FRT flip out constructs and reporter genes. FBC:DOS Sequence change introduced by using an in vitro construct that contains a in-frame fusion of the open reading frames from two or more genes. In FlyBase, the resulting genes may be classified as fusion genes or tagged genes. change induced by an in vitro construct - coding region fusion origin_of_mutation in vitro construct | coding region fusion FBcv:0000457 in vitro construct - coding region fusion Sequence change introduced by using an in vitro construct that contains a in-frame fusion of the open reading frames from two or more genes. In FlyBase, the resulting genes may be classified as fusion genes or tagged genes. FBC:DOS Mutation induced by an in vitro construct that uses site directed mutagenesis to target a particular region of the gene. mutation induced by an in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis origin_of_mutation in vitro construct | site directed mutagenesis FBcv:0000458 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis Mutation induced by an in vitro construct that uses site directed mutagenesis to target a particular region of the gene. FBC:DOS Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct generated by internal deletion of some genomic sequence or cDNA. change induced by an in vitro construct - deletion origin_of_mutation in vitro construct | deletion FBcv:0000459 in vitro construct - deletion Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct generated by internal deletion of some genomic sequence or cDNA. FBC:DOS Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct containing a genomic fragment that partially or fully rescues loss of function mutations or deletions of the gene whose sequence it carries. change induced by an in vitro construct - genomic fragment origin_of_mutation in vitro construct | genomic fragment FBcv:0000460 Notes on usage: 1. This term is applicable whether or not rescue using the construct is complete. 2. When a smaller rescue fragment is derived from a larger, by deletion of one or both ends, the mutagen shall be 'in vitro construct | deletion', with the larger being stated as the progenitor allele. in vitro construct - genomic fragment Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct containing a genomic fragment that partially or fully rescues loss of function mutations or deletions of the gene whose sequence it carries. FBC:DOS Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct that contains the wild-type open reading frame of a gene (without introns), the expression of which is controlled by a wild-type promoter of the same gene. Such constructs are often generated by fusing a cDNA to a genomic region containing promoter sequences, or more rarely by deletion of introns and other non-essential sequences from a genomic region, leaving a wild type coding region and promoter intact. change induced by an in vitro construct - minigene origin_of_mutation in vitro construct | minigene FBcv:0000461 in vitro construct - minigene Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct that contains the wild-type open reading frame of a gene (without introns), the expression of which is controlled by a wild-type promoter of the same gene. Such constructs are often generated by fusing a cDNA to a genomic region containing promoter sequences, or more rarely by deletion of introns and other non-essential sequences from a genomic region, leaving a wild type coding region and promoter intact. FBC:DOS Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct that uses site directed mutagenesis to target a particular region of the gene resulting in a change to the change to the amino acids sequence encodes.. change induced by an in vitro construct - amino acid replacement origin_of_mutation in vitro construct | amino acid replacement FBcv:0000462 in vitro construct - amino acid replacement Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct that uses site directed mutagenesis to target a particular region of the gene resulting in a change to the change to the amino acids sequence encodes.. FBC:DOS Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct designed to generate dsRNA for RNA interference (RNAi) experiments. change induced by an in vitro construct - RNAi origin_of_mutation in vitro construct | RNAi FBcv:0000463 in vitro construct - RNAi Sequence change introduced by an in vitro construct designed to generate dsRNA for RNA interference (RNAi) experiments. FBC:DOS FBcv:0000455 in vitro construct | other origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000464 in vitro construct - other true Mutation found in a natural population. origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000465 natural population Mutation found in a natural population. FBC:MMC Mutation caused by exposure to a temperature that is higher or lower than 25 degrees Celsius. mutation induced by temperature treatment origin_of_mutation environmental treatment FBcv:0000466 temperature Mutation caused by exposure to a temperature that is higher or lower than 25 degrees Celsius. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to temperature that is lower than 25 degrees Celsius. mutation induced by cold treatment origin_of_mutation cold-treatment FBcv:0000467 cold Mutation induced by exposure to temperature that is lower than 25 degrees Celsius. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to a temperature that is higher than 25 degrees Celsius. mutation induced by heat treatment origin_of_mutation heat-treatment FBcv:0000468 heat Mutation induced by exposure to a temperature that is higher than 25 degrees Celsius. FBC:MMC Mutation caused by a spontaneous event. mutation induced by spontaneous event origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000469 spontaneous Mutation caused by a spontaneous event. FBC:MMC Sequence change induced by the genetic exchange that takes place between DNA sequences. change induced by recombination origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000470 recombination Sequence change induced by the genetic exchange that takes place between DNA sequences. FBC:MC ISBN:978-0-8153-3218-3 Sequence change caused by a DNA recombination process that results in the unidirectional transfer of genetic material from a donor sequence to a highly homologous acceptor (GO:0035822). change induced by gene conversion origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000471 Strictly, gene conversion (GO:0035822) defines only the endogenous process, not its use for engineered gene targeting. gene conversion Sequence change caused by a DNA recombination process that results in the unidirectional transfer of genetic material from a donor sequence to a highly homologous acceptor (GO:0035822). PMID:17846636 Mutation caused by a recombination event that causes the unequal exchange of small intralocus regions, usually leading to the formation of duplication and deficiency products. mutation induced by intralocus exchange origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000472 intralocus exchange Mutation caused by a recombination event that causes the unequal exchange of small intralocus regions, usually leading to the formation of duplication and deficiency products. FBC:MC FlyBase:FBrf0014117 FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Sequence change caused by a recombination event that causes an unequal exchange of genetic material between homologous or non-homologous regions. change induced by unequal recombination origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000473 unequal recombination Sequence change caused by a recombination event that causes an unequal exchange of genetic material between homologous or non-homologous regions. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Sequence change caused by the exchange of genetic material during mitosis that occurs at crossing over, and more frequently between homologous chromosomes. change induced by mitotic recombination origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000474 mitotic recombination Sequence change caused by the exchange of genetic material during mitosis that occurs at crossing over, and more frequently between homologous chromosomes. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Sequence change caused by a recombination event between tandem repeats of rRNA genes that causes unequal chromatid exchange at crossing over and an increase in the number of functional copies. It causes a reversion from mutant to wild-type phenotype. mutation induced by magnification origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000475 magnification Sequence change caused by a recombination event between tandem repeats of rRNA genes that causes unequal chromatid exchange at crossing over and an increase in the number of functional copies. It causes a reversion from mutant to wild-type phenotype. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 FlyBase:FBrf0218934 Mutation that is caused by a recombination event that causes the breakdown of compound chromosome arms resulting in duplications or deletions in proximal regions. mutation induced by detachment origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000476 detachment Mutation that is caused by a recombination event that causes the breakdown of compound chromosome arms resulting in duplications or deletions in proximal regions. FBC:MC FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by a recombination event between tandem repeats of rRNA genes that causes unequal chromatid exchange at crossing over and a reduction in the number of functional copies. It leads to an aggravation of phenotype, in the case of a mutation causing a change from a wildtype to mutant phenotype or a change from a mutant to a more severe mutant phenotype. mutation induced by reduction origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000477 reduction Mutation caused by a recombination event between tandem repeats of rRNA genes that causes unequal chromatid exchange at crossing over and a reduction in the number of functional copies. It leads to an aggravation of phenotype, in the case of a mutation causing a change from a wildtype to mutant phenotype or a change from a mutant to a more severe mutant phenotype. FlyBase:FBrf0026874 Sequence change induced by a recombination event catalyzed by a recombinase that occurs at specific nucleotide sequences. change induced by site specific recombination origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000478 site specific recombination Sequence change induced by a recombination event catalyzed by a recombinase that occurs at specific nucleotide sequences. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 ISBN:978-0-8153-3218-3 Sequence change caused by a site specific recombination event catalyzed by the tyrosine recombinase FLPase, that recognizes minimal FLP recombination target (FRT) sites of 34 base pairs. For site specific integration, the recombination site consists of 48 base pairs containing an additional isolated base pair and a third 13 base pair direct repeat. change induced by FLPase recombination origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000479 FLPase Sequence change caused by a site specific recombination event catalyzed by the tyrosine recombinase FLPase, that recognizes minimal FLP recombination target (FRT) sites of 34 base pairs. For site specific integration, the recombination site consists of 48 base pairs containing an additional isolated base pair and a third 13 base pair direct repeat. FlyBase:FBrf0201927 UniProt:P03870 Sequence change caused by the cleavage of an 18 base pair DNA sequence by the I-SceI endonuclease. change induced by I-SceI endonuclease cleavage origin_of_mutation SCEI endonuclease FBcv:0000480 I-SceI Sequence change caused by the cleavage of an 18 base pair DNA sequence by the I-SceI endonuclease. FlyBase:FBrf0128625 UniProt:P03882 Sequence change induced by a site specific recombination event catalyzed by the tyrosine recombinase cre. Recombination is induced between two 34 base pairs loxP sites. These consist of two 13 base pair perfect inverted repeats flanking an 8 base pair asymmetric spacer that confers directionality. change induced by cre recombinase recombination origin_of_mutation Cre recombinase FBcv:0000481 cre recombinase Sequence change induced by a site specific recombination event catalyzed by the tyrosine recombinase cre. Recombination is induced between two 34 base pairs loxP sites. These consist of two 13 base pair perfect inverted repeats flanking an 8 base pair asymmetric spacer that confers directionality. FlyBase:FBrf0201927 PMID:6954485 UniProt:P06956 Sequence change induced by chromosomal segregation. change induced by segregation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000482 segregation Sequence change induced by chromosomal segregation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by the mobilization of a transposable element. mutation induced by transposable element activity origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000483 transposable element activity Mutation induced by the mobilization of a transposable element. FBC:MC FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by hybrid dysgenesis that results from the mobilization of the I-element retrotransposon. mutation induced by IR-hybrid dysgenesis origin_of_mutation IR FBcv:0000484 IR-hybrid dysgenesis Mutation caused by hybrid dysgenesis that results from the mobilization of the I-element retrotransposon. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation induced by hybrid dysgenesis caused by the mobilization of the Stalker transposable element. mutation induced by Stalker-hybrid dysgenesis origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000485 Stalker-hybrid dysgenesis Mutation induced by hybrid dysgenesis caused by the mobilization of the Stalker transposable element. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by a P-element, a DNA transposable element. The P-element is 2.9 kilobases in length with 31 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. Upon insertion it generates a flanking duplication of 8 base pairs at the target site upon insertion. Mobilization is induced by the activity of a P-element transposase. mutation induced by P-element activity origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000486 P-element activity Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by a P-element, a DNA transposable element. The P-element is 2.9 kilobases in length with 31 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. Upon insertion it generates a flanking duplication of 8 base pairs at the target site upon insertion. Mobilization is induced by the activity of a P-element transposase. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by hybrid dysgenesis that results from the action of the P-element. mutation induced by PM hybrid dysgenesis origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000487 PM hybrid dysgenesis Mutation caused by hybrid dysgenesis that results from the action of the P-element. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation induced by the mobilization of a P-element by the Delta2-3 transposase. The source of Delta2-3 is a stable genomic integration from which the third intron has been deleted. mutation induced by P-element mobilization by Delta2-3 transposase origin_of_mutation &Dgr;2-3 FBcv:0000488 Delta2-3 transposase Mutation induced by the mobilization of a P-element by the Delta2-3 transposase. The source of Delta2-3 is a stable genomic integration from which the third intron has been deleted. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by a P-element that is inserted into the genome and that is used to create more insertions at other sites. mutation induced by jumpstarter mobilization origin_of_mutation Js Jumpstarter FBcv:0000489 jumpstarter activity Mutation caused by a P-element that is inserted into the genome and that is used to create more insertions at other sites. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by the mobilization of a P-element by the transposase produced from the helper plasmid p pi25.1. This plasmid is a P-element from which the 3' terminus has been deleted, making it unable to integrate into the host's DNA. It is missing a 23 base pairs deletion of the 3' terminus compared to p pi25.1wc. mutation induced by P-element mobilization by p pi25.1 supplied transposase origin_of_mutation p pi25.1 p&pgr;25.1 FBcv:0000490 p pi25.1 supplied transposase Mutation caused by the mobilization of a P-element by the transposase produced from the helper plasmid p pi25.1. This plasmid is a P-element from which the 3' terminus has been deleted, making it unable to integrate into the host's DNA. It is missing a 23 base pairs deletion of the 3' terminus compared to p pi25.1wc. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by the mobilization of a P-element by the transposase produced from the helper plasmid p pi25.7wc. This plasmid is a P-element from which the 3' terminus has been deleted, making it unable to integrate into the host's DNA. It has an additional 23 base pairs deletion of the 3' terminus compared to p pi25.1. mutation induced by P-element mobilization by p pi25.7wc supplied transposase origin_of_mutation p pi25.7wc p&pgr;25.7wc FBcv:0000491 p pi25.7wc Mutation caused by the mobilization of a P-element by the transposase produced from the helper plasmid p pi25.7wc. This plasmid is a P-element from which the 3' terminus has been deleted, making it unable to integrate into the host's DNA. It has an additional 23 base pairs deletion of the 3' terminus compared to p pi25.1. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by PM hybrid dysgenesis that is induced by the higher frequency of recombination in certain male chromosomes. mutation induced by male recombination origin_of_mutation MR FBcv:0000492 male recombination induced by dysgenesis Mutation caused by PM hybrid dysgenesis that is induced by the higher frequency of recombination in certain male chromosomes. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by a male recombination event induced by a male recombination factor which is present in chromosomes extracted from a population in Haifa, Israel. mutation induced by MRh12 male recombination origin_of_mutation MRh12 FBcv:0000493 MRh12 induced male recombination Mutation caused by a male recombination event induced by a male recombination factor which is present in chromosomes extracted from a population in Haifa, Israel. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by a male recombination event in the second and third chromosomes induced by a male recombination factor which is present in chromosomes extracted from a population in Harlingen, Texas. mutation induced by MRT007 male recombination origin_of_mutation MRT007 FBcv:0000494 MRT007 induced male recombination Mutation caused by a male recombination event in the second and third chromosomes induced by a male recombination factor which is present in chromosomes extracted from a population in Harlingen, Texas. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by a male recombination event induced by a male recombination factor which is present in chromosomes extracted from a population in Patras, Greece. mutation induced by MRF23.5 male recombination origin_of_mutation MRF23.5 FBcv:0000495 MRF23.5 induced male recombination Mutation caused by a male recombination event induced by a male recombination factor which is present in chromosomes extracted from a population in Patras, Greece. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by a male recombination event induced by a male recombination factor which is present in chromosomes extracted from a population in Patras, Greece. mutation induced by MRF31.1 male recombination origin_of_mutation MRF31.1 FBcv:0000496 MRF31.1 induced male recombination Mutation caused by a male recombination event induced by a male recombination factor which is present in chromosomes extracted from a population in Patras, Greece. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by hobo, a DNA transposable element. The hobo element is 3.0 kilobases in length with 12 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. After mobilization by the hobo transposase and upon insertion it generates a flanking duplication of 8 base pairs at the target site upon insertion. mutation induced by hobo element activity origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000497 hobo activity Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by hobo, a DNA transposable element. The hobo element is 3.0 kilobases in length with 12 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. After mobilization by the hobo transposase and upon insertion it generates a flanking duplication of 8 base pairs at the target site upon insertion. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by hybrid dysgenesis that results from the mobilization of the hobo element. mutation induced by hobo dysgenesis origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000498 hobo dysgenesis Mutation caused by hybrid dysgenesis that results from the mobilization of the hobo element. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by the activity of the hobo element, mobilized by an hobo transposase which is produced from the supplied P-element helper plasmid HBL1. mutation induced by Hobo transposase source HBL1 origin_of_mutation Hobbled1 Hobo transposase source FBcv:0000499 HBL1 supplied transposase Mutation caused by the activity of the hobo element, mobilized by an hobo transposase which is produced from the supplied P-element helper plasmid HBL1. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by mariner, a DNA transposable element. The mariner element is 1.3 kilobases in length with 28 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. It specifically targets TA dinucleotides and generates a flanking duplication of these two bases upon insertion. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the mariner transposase. mutation induced by mariner activity origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000500 mariner activity Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by mariner, a DNA transposable element. The mariner element is 1.3 kilobases in length with 28 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. It specifically targets TA dinucleotides and generates a flanking duplication of these two bases upon insertion. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the mariner transposase. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation induced by transposable activity caused by the gypsy retrovirus. The gypsy element is a 7.5 kilobases in length with 482 base pairs terminal repeats. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the gypsy element transposase. mutation induced by gypsy element activity origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000501 gypsy element activity Mutation induced by transposable activity caused by the gypsy retrovirus. The gypsy element is a 7.5 kilobases in length with 482 base pairs terminal repeats. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the gypsy element transposase. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by piggyBac, a DNA transposable element. The piggyBac is 2.5 kilobases in length with 13 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. It specifically targets TTAA dinucleotides and generates a flanking duplication of these 4 base pairs upon insertion. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the piggyBac transposase. mutation induced by piggyBac activity origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000502 piggyBac activity Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by piggyBac, a DNA transposable element. The piggyBac is 2.5 kilobases in length with 13 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. It specifically targets TTAA dinucleotides and generates a flanking duplication of these 4 base pairs upon insertion. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the piggyBac transposase. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation induced by exposure to radiation. mutation induced by irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000503 irradiation Mutation induced by exposure to radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to ionizing radiation. mutation induced by ionizing irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000504 ionizing radiation Mutation induced by exposure to ionizing radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to alpha rays. mutation induced by alpha ray irradiation origin_of_mutation &agr; ray FBcv:0000505 alpha ray Mutation induced by exposure to alpha rays. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to gamma rays. mutation induced by gamma ray irradiation origin_of_mutation &ggr; ray FBcv:0000506 gamma ray Mutation induced by exposure to gamma rays. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to 60Co gamma rays. mutation induced by 60Co gamma ray irradiation origin_of_mutation 60Co &ggr; ray FBcv:0000507 60Co gamma ray Mutation induced by exposure to 60Co gamma rays. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to 137Cs gamma rays. mutation induced by 137Cs gamma ray irradiation origin_of_mutation 137Cs &ggr; ray FBcv:0000508 137Cs gamma ray Mutation induced by exposure to 137Cs gamma rays. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to 226Ra alpha rays. mutation induced by 226Ra alpha ray irradiation origin_of_mutation 226Ra &agr; ray radium FBcv:0000509 226Ra alpha ray Mutation induced by exposure to 226Ra alpha rays. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to 32P radiation. mutation induced by 32-P irradiation origin_of_mutation 32-Phosphorous FBcv:0000510 32P Mutation induced by exposure to 32P radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to 3H radiation. mutation induced by 3H irradiation origin_of_mutation tritium FBcv:0000511 3H Mutation induced by exposure to 3H radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to 3H-deoxycytidine radiation. mutation induced by 3H-deoxycytidine irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000512 3H-deoxycytidine Mutation induced by exposure to 3H-deoxycytidine radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to 3H-thymidine radiation. mutation induced by 3H-thymidine irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000513 3H-thymidine Mutation induced by exposure to 3H-thymidine radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by treatment in a Bevatron. mutation induced by Bevatron irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000514 Bevatron Mutation induced by treatment in a Bevatron. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to deuteron radiation. mutation induced by deuteron irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000515 deuteron Mutation induced by exposure to deuteron radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to neutron radiation. mutation induced by neutron irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000516 neutron Mutation induced by exposure to neutron radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to 252Cf fission neutron radiation. mutation induced by 252Cf fission neutron irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000517 252Cf fission neutron Mutation induced by exposure to 252Cf fission neutron radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to X rays. mutation induced by X ray irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000518 X ray Mutation induced by exposure to X rays. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to non-ionizing radiation. mutation induced by non-ionizing irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000519 non-ionizing radiation Mutation induced by exposure to non-ionizing radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to a magnetic field. mutation induced by magnetic field irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000520 magnetic field Mutation induced by exposure to a magnetic field. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to radio waves. mutation induced by radio waves irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000521 radio waves Mutation induced by exposure to radio waves. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to the stratosphere. mutation induced by stratosphere irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000522 stratosphere Mutation induced by exposure to the stratosphere. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to supersonic radiation. mutation induced by supersonic irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000523 supersonic Mutation induced by exposure to supersonic radiation. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to U.V. radiation. mutation induced by U.V. irradiation origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000524 U.V. Mutation induced by exposure to U.V. radiation. FBC:MMC . mutation induced by chemical exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000525 chemical . CHEBI:24431 . mutation induced by alkylating agent exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000526 alkylating agent . CHEBI:22333 . mutation induced by diethyl sulfate exposure origin_of_mutation DES FBcv:0000527 diethyl sulfate . CHEBI:34699 . mutation induced by 2-chloroethyl methanesulfonate exposure origin_of_mutation CB1506 FBcv:0000528 2-chloroethyl methanesulfonate . CHEBI:19508 . mutation induced by 2-fluoroethyl methanesulfonate exposure origin_of_mutation CB1522 FBcv:0000529 2-fluoroethyl methanesulfonate . CHEBI:19579 . mutation induced by EMS exposure mutation induced by ethyl methanesulfonate exposure origin_of_mutation CB1528 EMS FBcv:0000530 ethyl methanesulfonate . CHEBI:23994 . mutation induced by ENU exposure mutation induced by ethyl nitrosourea exposure origin_of_mutation ENU N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea FBcv:0000531 ethyl nitrosourea . CHEBI:23995 N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea CHEBI:23995 . mutation induced by HMS exposure mutation induced by hycanthon methanesulfonate exposure origin_of_mutation HMS hycanthone mesylate FBcv:0000532 hycanthon methanesulfonate . CHEBI:24624 hycanthone mesylate CHEBI:24624 . mutation induced by MMS exposure mutation induced by methyl methanesulfonate exposure origin_of_mutation CB1540 MMS FBcv:0000533 methyl methanesulfonate . CHEBI:25255 . FBcv:0000536 mutation induced by bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide exposure mutation induced by mustard gas exposure mutation induced by sulfur gas exposure origin_of_mutation 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane) CB1735 mustard gas sulfur mustard FBcv:0000534 bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide . CHEBI:25434 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane) CHEBI:25434 mustard gas CHEBI:25434 sulfur mustard CHEBI:25434 . mutation induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine exposure origin_of_mutation MNNG NNG FBcv:0000535 N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine . CHEBI:21759 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000537 minos ammunition for transposable element mutagenesis true . mutation induced by carbamate exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000538 carbamate . CHEBI:13941 . mutation induced by urethane exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000539 urethane . CHEBI:17967 . mutation induced by vinyl carbamate exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000540 vinyl carbamate . CHEBI:27292 . mutation induced by intercalating agent exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000541 intercalating agent . CHEBI:24853 . mutation induced by mitomycin C exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000542 mitomycin C . CHEBI:27504 . mutation induced by quinacrine mustard exposure origin_of_mutation 2-methoxy-6-[3-(ethyl-2-chloroethyl)aminopropylamino]acridine ICR 100 FBcv:0000543 Mapped to CHEBI on basis of synonym - quinacrine mustard. Originally primary name, ICR 100 is now relegated to a synonym. quinacrine mustard . CHEBI:37595 ICR 100 CHEBI:37595 . mutation induced by ICR 170 exposure origin_of_mutation 2-methoxy-6-dichloro-9-(3-ethyl-2-chloroethyl-aminopropylamino)acridine-dihydrochloride FBcv:0000544 ICR 170 . CHEBI:21183 . mutation induced by 1,2-dibromoethane exposure origin_of_mutation DBE FBcv:0000545 1,2-dibromoethane . CHEBI:28534 . mutation induced by 1,2-dichloroethane exposure origin_of_mutation DCE FBcv:0000546 1,2-dichloroethane . CHEBI:27789 . mutation induced by 1-bromo-2-chloroethane exposure origin_of_mutation BCE FBcv:0000547 1-bromo-2-chloroethane . CHEBI:19032 . origin_of_mutation nucleobase analogue FBcv:0000548 base analog . CHEBI:67142 nucleobase analogue CHEBI:67142 . mutation induced by 5-bromouracil exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000549 5-bromouracil . CHEBI:20552 . mutation induced by 5-bromouridine exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000550 5-bromouridine . CHEBI:20553 . mutation induced by enzyme inhibitor exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000551 enzyme inhibitor . CHEBI:23924 . mutation induced by aminopterin exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000552 aminopterin . CHEBI:22526 . inorganic molecular entity mutation induced by inorganic compound exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000553 inorganic compound . CHEBI:24835 inorganic molecular entity CHEBI:24835 . mutation induced by cupric sulfate origin_of_mutation copper(2+) sulfate FBcv:0000554 cupric sulfate . CHEBI:23414 copper(2+) sulfate CHEBI:23414 . mutation induced by H3BO3 exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000555 H3BO3 . CHEBI:33118 . mutation induced by sodium bisulphite exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000556 sodium bisulphite . CHEBI:26709 . mutation induced by sodium fluoride exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000557 sodium fluoride . CHEBI:28741 Mutation induced by exposure to epoxy hydrocarbon. mutation induced by epoxy hydrocarbon exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000558 epoxy hydrocarbon Mutation induced by exposure to epoxy hydrocarbon. FBC:MMC . mutation induced by diepoxybutane exposure origin_of_mutation DEB erythritol anhydride FBcv:0000559 diepoxybutane . CHEBI:23704 . mutation induced by diepoxyoctane exposure origin_of_mutation 1,2:7,8-diepoxyoctane FBcv:0000560 diepoxyoctane . CHEBI:23705 1,2:7,8-diepoxyoctane CHEBI:23705 FBcv:0000525 origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000561 unclassified chemical true . mutation induced by 1,2:5,6-dibenzanthracene exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000562 1,2:5,6-dibenzanthracene . CHEBI:35299 . mutation induced by 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxy-1,4-dimethylbutane exposure origin_of_mutation 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxy-1:4-dimethylbutane CB2348 dimethylmyleran FBcv:0000563 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxy-1,4-dimethylbutane . CHEBI:67107 dimethylmyleran CHEBI:67107 Mutation induced by exposure to 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxybut-2-yne. mutation induced by 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxybut-2-yne exposure origin_of_mutation CB2058 FBcv:0000564 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxybut-2-yne Mutation induced by exposure to 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxybut-2-yne. FBC:MMC Dominance relationships describe the dependence of the expression of a phenotypic attribute of an allele on the genotype at the locus in question. An allele might be recessive with respect to one phenotypic attribute, but dominant with respect to another. dominance_qualifier FBcv:0000565 dominance relationship qualifier Dominance relationships describe the dependence of the expression of a phenotypic attribute of an allele on the genotype at the locus in question. An allele might be recessive with respect to one phenotypic attribute, but dominant with respect to another. FBC:rd Mutation induced by exposure to 1,6-dimethylsulfonoxy D-mannitol. mutation induced by 1,6-dimethylsulfonoxy D-mannitol exposure origin_of_mutation CB2511 FBcv:0000566 1,6-dimethylsulfonoxy D-mannitol Mutation induced by exposure to 1,6-dimethylsulfonoxy D-mannitol. FBC:MMC Mutation induced by exposure to 1,6-dimethylsulfonoxy L-mannitol. mutation induced by 1,6-dimethylsulfonoxy L-mannitol exposure origin_of_mutation CB2628 FBcv:0000567 1,6-dimethylsulfonoxy L-mannitol Mutation induced by exposure to 1,6-dimethylsulfonoxy L-mannitol. FBC:MMC . mutation induced by 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000568 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid . CHEBI:19024 . mutation induced by lucanthone exposure origin_of_mutation 1-diethylaminoethylethylamino-4-methyl-thioxanthenone 1-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}-4-methyl-9H-thioxanthen-9-one lucanthone FBcv:0000569 lucanthone . CHEBI:51052 1-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino}-4-methyl-9H-thioxanthen-9-one CHEBI:51052 lucanthone CHEBI:51052 . mutation induced by 2-methoxyethanol exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000570 2-methoxyethanol . CHEBI:46790 . mutation induced by 2,5-bis(ethyleneimino)-1,4-benzoquinone exposure origin_of_mutation 2,5,-bisethylene-imine-1,4-benzoquinone FBcv:0000571 2,5-bis(ethyleneimino)-1,4-benzoquinone . CHEBI:19363 . mutation induced by 7-bromomethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene exposure origin_of_mutation 7-bromomethyl 12 methyl benz&agr; anthracine 7-bromomethyl 12 methyl benzalpha anthracine 7-bromomethyl-12-methyltetraphene FBcv:0000572 7-bromomethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene . CHEBI:20787 7-bromomethyl-12-methyltetraphene CHEBI:20787 . mutation induced by actinomycin D exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000573 actinomycin D . CHEBI:27666 . mutation induced by benzo(alpha)pyrene exposure origin_of_mutation benzo(&agr;)pyrene benzo[a]pyrene FBcv:0000574 benzo(alpha)pyrene . CHEBI:29865 benzo[a]pyrene CHEBI:29865 . mutation induced by caffeine exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000575 caffeine . CHEBI:27732 . mutation induced by cisplatin exposure origin_of_mutation cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) FBcv:0000576 cisplatin . CHEBI:27899 . mutation induced by colchicine exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000577 colchicine . CHEBI:23359 . mutation induced by dimethyl sulfoxide exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000578 dimethyl sulfoxide . CHEBI:28262 . mutation induced by DNA treatment origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000579 DNA . CHEBI:16991 . mutation induced by ethyl ether exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000580 ethyl ether . CHEBI:35702 . mutation induced by ethylenimine exposure origin_of_mutation EI FBcv:0000581 ethylenimine . CHEBI:30969 . mutation induced by ethylene oxide exposure origin_of_mutation ethylene oxide oxirane FBcv:0000582 ethylene oxide . CHEBI:27561 ethylene oxide CHEBI:27561 oxirane CHEBI:27561 . mutation induced by fagaronine exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000583 fagaronine . CHEBI:28954 . mutation induced by formaldehyde exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000584 formaldehyde . CHEBI:16842 . mutation induced by hesperidine exposure origin_of_mutation hesperidin FBcv:0000585 hesperidine . CHEBI:28775 hesperidin CHEBI:28775 . mutation induced by HMM exposure mutation induced by hexamethylmelamine exposure origin_of_mutation HMM altretamine FBcv:0000586 hexamethylmelamine . CHEBI:24564 . mutation induced by HMPA exposure mutation induced by hexamethylphosphoramide exposure origin_of_mutation HMPA FBcv:0000587 hexamethylphosphoramide . CHEBI:24565 . mutation induced by iodine exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000588 iodine . CHEBI:24859 . mutation induced by Janus green B exposure origin_of_mutation Janus green B chloride FBcv:0000589 Janus green B . CHEBI:21184 Janus green B chloride CHEBI:21184 . mutation induced by methoxy diethylnitrosamine exposure origin_of_mutation 1-methoxy-N-nitrosodiethylamine FBcv:0000590 Mapped to CHEBI:25234 (1-methoxy-N-nitrosodiethylamine) based on synonym of nitrosodiethylamine being diethylnitrosamine and CHEBI:25234 being classified as a mutagen. methoxy diethylnitrosamine . CHEBI:25234 1-methoxy-N-nitrosodiethylamine CHEBI:25234 Mutation induced by exposure to natural gas. mutation induced by natural gas exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000591 natural gas Mutation induced by exposure to natural gas. FBC:MMC . mutation induced by MNU exposure mutation induced by nitrosomethyl urea exposure origin_of_mutation MNU N-methyl-N-nitrosourea FBcv:0000592 nitrosomethyl urea . CHEBI:50102 N-methyl-N-nitrosourea CHEBI:50102 . mutation induced by DMN exposure mutation induced by N-nitrosodimethylamine exposure origin_of_mutation DMN FBcv:0000593 N-nitrosodimethylamine . CHEBI:35807 . mutation induced by p-N,N-di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylvaleric acid exposure origin_of_mutation CB1356 FBcv:0000594 p-N,N-di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylvaleric acid . CHEBI:25813 . mutation induced by p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-D-phenylalanine exposure origin_of_mutation CB3026 FBcv:0000595 p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-D-phenylalanine . CHEBI:25814 . mutation induced by melphalan exposure mutation induced by p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-DL-phenylalanine exposure origin_of_mutation CB3007 melphalan FBcv:0000596 p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-DL-phenylalanine . CHEBI:28876 melphalan CHEBI:28876 . mutation induced by p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine exposure origin_of_mutation CB3025 FBcv:0000597 p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine . CHEBI:25816 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000598 Consider - FBsv:0001009. dominant temperature-sensitive lethal balancer true . mutation induced by p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylethylamine exposure origin_of_mutation CB3034 FBcv:0000599 p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylethylamine . CHEBI:25818 . mutation induced by p-p'-N,N-di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenoxyphenylalanine exposure origin_of_mutation CB305 FBcv:0000600 p-p'-N,N-di(2-chloroethyl)aminophenoxyphenylalanine . CHEBI:25829 . mutation induced by quinhydrone exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000601 quinhydrone . CHEBI:26491 . mutation induced by S-2-chloroethylcysteine exposure origin_of_mutation CB1592 FBcv:0000602 S-2-chloroethylcysteine . CHEBI:22025 . mutation induced by styryl quinoline exposure origin_of_mutation CB3086 FBcv:0000603 styryl quinoline . CHEBI:26800 . mutation induced by triaziquone exposure origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000604 triaziquone . CHEBI:27090 . mutation induced by triethylenemelamine exposure origin_of_mutation CB1246 TEM tretamine FBcv:0000605 triethylenemelamine . CHEBI:27919 tretamine CHEBI:27919 Assay method used to generate an allele. FBcv:0000807 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000606 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 allele assay method true Assay method used to generate an allele. FBC:MMC FBcv:0000807 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000607 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 In transgenic Drosophila true FBcv:0000807 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000608 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 Whole-organism transient assay true FBcv:0000807 abbrev:3 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000609 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 Drosophila cell culture true FBcv:0000807 abbrev:5 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000610 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 In transgenic Drosophila (allele of one drosophilid species in genome of another drosophilid) true FBcv:0000807 abbrev:6 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000611 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 Whole-organism transient assay (allele from one drosophilid species assayed in another drosophilid) true FBcv:0000807 abbrev:7 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000612 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 In transgenic Drosophila (allele of foreign species in genome of drosophilid) true FBcv:0000807 abbrev:8 mode_of_assay FBcv:0000613 This term has been obsoleted because it is no longer used and relevant. mc151005 Whole-organism transient assay (allele of foreign species assayed in drosophilid) true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000614 Consider - FBsv:0000000. stock descriptor true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000615 extracted wild-type chromosome true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000616 I don't think this is a useful term. laboratory stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000617 selected wild-type stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000618 Consider - FBsv:0001005. wild-type stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000619 Consider - FBsv:0001002. isogenic stock true Qualifier that describes the relation between two phenotypes that are due to genotypes g1 and g2. genetic_interaction_type FBcv:0000620 genetic interaction qualifier Qualifier that describes the relation between two phenotypes that are due to genotypes g1 and g2. FBC:MMC The genotype g1 is a suppressor of genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to g2 is made less severe by g1. genetic_interaction_type FBcv:0000621 Not used directly in curation, but automatically inferred from its inverse (suppressible). suppressor The genotype g1 is a suppressor of genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to g2 is made less severe by g1. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0000957 ISBN:978-0-387-52054-4 A phenotype due to genotype g1 is suppressible by genotype g2 if the if the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is less severe than that due to g1 alone. genetic_interaction_type FBcv:0000622 suppressible A phenotype due to genotype g1 is suppressible by genotype g2 if the if the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is less severe than that due to g1 alone. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0000957 ISBN:978-0-387-52054-4 Genotype g1 is enhancer of genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is more severe than the sum of phenotypes due to g1 and g2, where all comparisons are under identical environmental conditions. genetic_interaction_type FBcv:0000623 Not used directly in curation, but automatically inferred from its inverse (enhanceable). enhancer Genotype g1 is enhancer of genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is more severe than the sum of phenotypes due to g1 and g2, where all comparisons are under identical environmental conditions. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0000957 ISBN:978-0-387-52054-4 A phenotype due to genotype g1 is enhanceable by genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is more severe than the sum of phenotypes due to g1 and g2, where all comparisons are under identical environmental conditions. genetic_interaction_type FBcv:0000624 enhanceable A phenotype due to genotype g1 is enhanceable by genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is more severe than the sum of phenotypes due to g1 and g2, where all comparisons are under identical environmental conditions. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0000957 ISBN:978-0-387-52054-4 Genotype g1 is a non-enhancer of genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is not more severe than the sum of phenotypes due to g1 and g2, where all comparisons are under identical environmental conditions. genetic_interaction_type FBcv:0000625 Not used directly in curation, but automatically inferred from its inverse (non-enhanceable). non-enhancer Genotype g1 is a non-enhancer of genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is not more severe than the sum of phenotypes due to g1 and g2, where all comparisons are under identical environmental conditions. FBC:MMC FlyBase:FBrf0000957 ISBN:978-0-387-52054-4 A phenotype due to genotype g1 is non-enhanceable by genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is no more severe than the sum of phenotypes due to g1 and g2, where all comparisons are under identical environmental conditions. genetic_interaction_type FBcv:0000626 non-enhanceable A phenotype due to genotype g1 is non-enhanceable by genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is no more severe than the sum of phenotypes due to g1 and g2, where all comparisons are under identical environmental conditions. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0000957 ISBN:978-0-387-52054-4 The genotype g1 is a non-suppressor of genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to g2 is not made less severe by g1. genetic_interaction_type FBcv:0000627 Not used directly in curation, but automatically inferred from its inverse (non-suppressible). non-suppressor The genotype g1 is a non-suppressor of genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to g2 is not made less severe by g1. FBC:MMC FlyBase:FBrf0000957 ISBN:978-0-387-52054-4 A phenotype due to genotype g1 is non-suppressible by genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is no less severe than the phenotype due to g1 alone. genetic_interaction_type FBcv:0000628 non-suppressible A phenotype due to genotype g1 is non-suppressible by genotype g2 if (and only if) the phenotype due to the genotype g1g2 is no less severe than the phenotype due to g1 alone. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0000957 ISBN:978-0-387-52054-4 FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000629 dominant temperature-sensitive lethal balancer for chromosome 2 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000630 dominant temperature-sensitive lethal balancer for chromosome 3 true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000631 DrosDel Project deficiency core kit stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000632 Consider - FBsv:0000601. Bloomington Stock Center deficiency kit stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000633 Exelixis deficiency kit stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000634 duplication kit stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000635 Consider - FBsv:0000603. Cambridge 2 duplication kit stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000636 Consider - FBsv:0000602. Bloomington duplication kit stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000637 Gene Disruption Project stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000638 Consider - FBsv:0001003. sequenced strain true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000639 Consider - FBsv:0000604. Golic gene replacement kit stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000640 Golic laboratory gene replacement kit stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000641 stock by cytotype true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000642 H cytotype stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000643 hobo family transposable element insertions present true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000644 hobo family transposable element insertions absent true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000645 P cytotype stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000646 P-element family transposable element insertions absent true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000647 P-element family transposable element insertions present true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000648 mapping stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000649 visible allele recombination mapping stock true Work consisting of a statement of the opinions, beliefs, and policy of the editor or publisher of a journal, usually on current matters of medical or scientific significance to the medical community or society at large. MeSH:D016421 pub_type FBcv:0000650 editorial Work consisting of a statement of the opinions, beliefs, and policy of the editor or publisher of a journal, usually on current matters of medical or scientific significance to the medical community or society at large. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?view=expanded&field=uid&term=D016421 FBcv:0000199 pub_type FBcv:0000651 This term was obsoleted to conform with the MeSH terms used by PubMed. Please use 'FBcv:0000199 meeting report true A publication containing a collection of separate articles written by distinct authors. Parent publication multipub multipublication pub_type FBcv:0000652 compendium A publication containing a collection of separate articles written by distinct authors. FBC:SM Parent publication FBC:SM multipub FBC:SM multipublication FBC:SM Restricted to unknown subtype(s) of a specified type. expression_qualifier FBcv:0000653 subset Restricted to unknown subtype(s) of a specified type. FBC:DS Qualifier that describes the expression pattern of an embryo. embryonic_pattern_qualifier FBcv:0000654 embryonic pattern qualifier Qualifier that describes the expression pattern of an embryo. FBC:MMC VDRC Vienna FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000655 Consider - FBsv:0000107. Vienna Drosophila RNAi Center true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000656 Consider - FBsv:0000008. frozen specimen true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000657 mutant stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000658 DrosDel Project deficiency stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000659 deficiency stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000660 Consider - FBsv:0000501. inbred line true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000661 Consider - FBsv:0000502. isofemale line true A stock established from flies collected in the wild within the past 3 years. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000662 Consider - FBsv:0000504. recently collected stock true A stock established from flies collected in the wild within the past 3 years. FBC:KM FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000663 transposable element-containing stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000664 duplication stock true Phenotype that is an abnormality in body size compared to wild-type animals raised under the same conditions as the animals exhibiting the phenotype. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000665 body size defective Phenotype that is an abnormality in body size compared to wild-type animals raised under the same conditions as the animals exhibiting the phenotype. FBC:DOS FBcv:0000199 pub_type FBcv:0000666 This term was obsoleted to conform with the MeSH terms used by PubMed. Please use 'FBcv:0000199 conference proceedings true A set of related web pages containing content such as text, images, video, audio, etc., prepared and maintained as a collection of information on a particular subject. pub_type FBcv:0000667 website A set of related web pages containing content such as text, images, video, audio, etc., prepared and maintained as a collection of information on a particular subject. FBC:SM Phenotype that is a defect in cell adhesion (GO:0007155). 'cell adhesion' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007155' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000668 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons cell adhesion defective Phenotype that is a defect in cell adhesion (GO:0007155). 'cell adhesion' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007155' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in hatching behavior (GO:0035187). 'hatching behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0035187' hatching behaviour defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000669 hatching behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in hatching behavior (GO:0035187). 'hatching behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0035187' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in eclosion (GO:0007562). 'eclosion' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007562' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000670 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons eclosion defective Phenotype that is a defect in eclosion (GO:0007562). 'eclosion' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007562' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in cell cycle (GO:0007049). 'cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007049' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000671 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons cell cycle defective Phenotype that is a defect in cell cycle (GO:0007049). 'cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007049' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in endomitotic cell cycle (GO:0007113). 'endomitotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007113' endocycle defective phenotypic_class FBcv:0000672 endomitotic cell cycle defective Phenotype that is a defect in endomitotic cell cycle (GO:0007113). 'endomitotic cell cycle' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007113' FBC:DOS FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000673 Consider - FBsv:0001003. sequenced whole genome stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000674 phiC31 based integration system true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000675 phiC31 docking site stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000676 Consider - FBsv:0000503. multi-female collection true 60-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. djs93 2009-05-28T03:54:39Z spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000677 60-70% egg length 60-70% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS 80-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. djs93 2009-05-28T03:55:30Z spatial_qualifier FBcv:0000678 80-100% egg length 80-100% of egg length from the posterior tip (0%) of the egg or pre-gastrula embryo. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in circadian behavior (GO:0048512). 'circadian behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0048512' djs93 2009-11-30T11:06:35Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000679 circadian behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in circadian behavior (GO:0048512). 'circadian behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0048512' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in proboscis extension reflex (GO:0007637). 'proboscis extension reflex' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007637' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000680 proboscis extension reflex defective Phenotype that is a defect in proboscis extension reflex (GO:0007637). 'proboscis extension reflex' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007637' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception (GO:0007600). 'sensory perception' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007600' djs93 2010-02-23T12:28:26Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000681 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons sensory perception defective Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception (GO:0007600). 'sensory perception' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007600' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of touch (GO:0050975). 'sensory perception of touch' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050975' phenotypic_class touch perception defective FBcv:0000682 touch perception defective Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of touch (GO:0050975). 'sensory perception of touch' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050975' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to temperature stimulus (GO:0009266). 'response to temperature stimulus' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009266' djs93 2010-02-23T12:51:02Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000683 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons temperature response defective Phenotype that is a defect in response to temperature stimulus (GO:0009266). 'response to temperature stimulus' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009266' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to cold (GO:0009409). 'response to cold' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009409' djs93 2010-02-23T02:11:27Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000684 cold stress response defective Phenotype that is a defect in response to cold (GO:0009409). 'response to cold' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009409' FBC:DOS Parental effects describe the dependence of the expression of a phenotypic attribute of an allele on the parent from which that allele is inherited. genotype_to_phenotype_relation FBcv:0000685 parental effect Parental effects describe the dependence of the expression of a phenotypic attribute of an allele on the parent from which that allele is inherited. FBC:rd Phenotype that is a defect in axis specification (GO:0009798). 'axis specification' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009798' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000686 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons This phenotypic class does not encompass planar polarity. axis specification defective Phenotype that is a defect in axis specification (GO:0009798). 'axis specification' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0009798' FBC:DOS Descriptor that relates to aspects of a balancer. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000687 balancer descriptor Descriptor that relates to aspects of a balancer. FBC:MMC An allele that completely lacks function, coding either for a completely inactive gene product or none at all. djs93 2010-09-06T03:57:21Z allele_class amorph null FBcv:0000688 amorphic allele An allele that completely lacks function, coding either for a completely inactive gene product or none at all. FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to completely lack function, producing either a completely inactive gene product or none at all. djs93 2010-09-06T03:57:49Z molecular null allele_class FBcv:0000689 amorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to completely lack function, producing either a completely inactive gene product or none at all. FlyBase:FBrf0049147 Allele that makes a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. djs93 2010-09-06T03:58:15Z hypomorph allele_class FBcv:0000690 hypomorphic allele Allele that makes a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. djs93 2010-09-06T03:59:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000691 hypomorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to produce a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. djs93 2010-09-06T04:01:04Z allele_class FBcv:0000692 neomorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to produce a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 Allele shown by molecular evidence to make either a functionally wild-type gene product at increased levels or a gene product with the same function as wild-type but with increased activity. djs93 2010-09-06T04:01:04Z allele_class FBcv:0000693 hypermorphic allele - molecular evidence Allele shown by molecular evidence to make either a functionally wild-type gene product at increased levels or a gene product with the same function as wild-type but with increased activity. FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that has been shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product. djs93 2010-09-06T04:01:04Z allele_class dominant negative FBcv:0000694 antimorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele that has been shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product. FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that makes a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product. djs93 2010-09-06T04:02:05Z allele_class antimorph FBcv:0000695 antimorphic allele An allele that makes a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product. FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that makes either increased amounts of a normal gene product or a gene product with normal function but increased activity compared to wild-type. djs93 2010-09-06T04:02:45Z allele_class hypermorph FBcv:0000696 hypermorphic allele An allele that makes either increased amounts of a normal gene product or a gene product with normal function but increased activity compared to wild-type. FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that makes a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. djs93 2010-09-06T04:03:33Z allele_class neomorph FBcv:0000697 neomorphic allele An allele that makes a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 A phenotype that is a disruption in the wild-type pattern of segments or parasegments of the embryo or larva. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000698 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype A phenotype that is a disruption in the wild-type pattern of segments or parasegments of the embryo or larva. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of alternate segments or parasegments. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000699 Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. pair rule phenotype Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of alternate segments or parasegments. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of even segments. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000700 Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. even pair-rule phenotype Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of even segments. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of odd segments. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000701 Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. odd pair-rule phenotype Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of odd segments. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype in which some fraction of each segment (along the anterior-posterior axis) is deleted and replaced by a mirror image duplication of the remaining part of the segment. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000702 Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. segment polarity phenotype Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype in which some fraction of each segment (along the anterior-posterior axis) is deleted and replaced by a mirror image duplication of the remaining part of the segment. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete loss of a contiguous stretch of 2 or more segments. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000703 Commonly assayed on the basis of phenotypic effects on segmentally repeated cuticular patterns. gap phenotype Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete loss of a contiguous stretch of 2 or more segments. FlyBase:FBrf0035438 Phenotype expressed only in the presence or absence of some specific chemical whose presence or absence does not induce the same defect in wild-type animals. djs93 2010-09-20T11:13:19Z environmental_qualifier FBcv:0000704 chemical conditional Phenotype expressed only in the presence or absence of some specific chemical whose presence or absence does not induce the same defect in wild-type animals. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in sleep (GO:0030431). 'sleep' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0030431' djs93 2010-09-20T12:06:13Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000705 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons sleep defective Phenotype that is a defect in sleep (GO:0030431). 'sleep' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0030431' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in entry into diapause (GO:0055115). 'entry into diapause' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0055115' djs93 2010-09-20T12:06:28Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000706 diapause defective Phenotype that is a defect in entry into diapause (GO:0055115). 'entry into diapause' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0055115' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in entry into reproductive diapause (GO:0055116). 'entry into reproductive diapause' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0055116' djs93 2010-09-20T12:21:29Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000707 reproductive diapause defective Phenotype that is a defect in entry into reproductive diapause (GO:0055116). 'entry into reproductive diapause' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0055116' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to starvation (GO:0042594). 'response to starvation' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042594' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000708 starvation stress response defective Phenotype that is a defect in response to starvation (GO:0042594). 'response to starvation' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0042594' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase or decrease in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by defects in cell growth - there may be a greater or lesser number of cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000709 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons cell number defective Phenotype that is an increase or decrease in the number of cells in a whole animal or in some specific organ, tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. This phenotype is not necessarily accompanied by defects in cell growth - there may be a greater or lesser number of cells in an otherwise normal volume of tissue. FBC:DOS Change of a genomic sequence via homologous recombinational repair (GO:0000724) that is induced by a double stranded break in an engineered donor construct that contains sequence homologous to the target gene. change induced by gene targeting via homologous recombination origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000710 Strictly, homologous recombinational repair (GO:0000724) defines only the endogenous process, not its use for engineered gene targeting. gene targeting by homologous recombination Change of a genomic sequence via homologous recombinational repair (GO:0000724) that is induced by a double stranded break in an engineered donor construct that contains sequence homologous to the target gene. FBC:MC FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Change of a genomic sequence via homologous recombinational repair (GO:0000724) that is induced by a double strand break on both sides of the homologous region in an engineered donor sequence. This double-strand break is usually generated by cutting at a single site adjacent to the homologous region in a circularized donor sequence. This typically generates a simple targeted replacement of the target sequence by the donor sequence. However, more complicated outcomes are possible. change induced by ends-out gene targeting origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000711 ends-out gene targeting Change of a genomic sequence via homologous recombinational repair (GO:0000724) that is induced by a double strand break on both sides of the homologous region in an engineered donor sequence. This double-strand break is usually generated by cutting at a single site adjacent to the homologous region in a circularized donor sequence. This typically generates a simple targeted replacement of the target sequence by the donor sequence. However, more complicated outcomes are possible. FBC:MC FlyBase:FBrf0167363 FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Change of a genomic sequence via homologous recombinational repair (GO:0000724) that is induced by a double strand break within an engineered homologous donor sequence. This typically generates a tandem duplication of the homologous sequence from the donor, separated by the remainder of the incoming donor DNA. However, more complicated outcomes are possible. change induced by ends-in gene targeting origin_of_mutation FBcv:0000712 ends-in gene targeting Change of a genomic sequence via homologous recombinational repair (GO:0000724) that is induced by a double strand break within an engineered homologous donor sequence. This typically generates a tandem duplication of the homologous sequence from the donor, separated by the remainder of the incoming donor DNA. However, more complicated outcomes are possible. FBC:MC FlyBase:FBrf0167363 FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Phenotype that is a inability to jump. This may be due to neurological or muscular defects. djs93 2011-03-10T04:57:06Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000713 jumpless Phenotype that is a inability to jump. This may be due to neurological or muscular defects. FBC:DOS Phenotype only expressed under some specific nutritional regime. djs93 2011-01-14T12:34:01Z environmental_qualifier FBcv:0000714 nutrition conditional Phenotype only expressed under some specific nutritional regime. FBC:DOS Phenotype only expressed under conditions where calorie intake is restricted. djs93 2011-01-14T05:12:37Z environmental_qualifier FBcv:0000715 calorie restriction conditional Phenotype only expressed under conditions where calorie intake is restricted. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in cell migration (GO:0016477). 'cell migration' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0016477' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000716 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons cell migration defective Phenotype that is a defect in cell migration (GO:0016477). 'cell migration' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0016477' FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an increase in the rate of cell growth (GO:0016049) in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000717 increased cell growth Phenotype that is an increase in the rate of cell growth (GO:0016049) in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is an decrease in the rate of cell growth (GO:0016049) in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000718 decreased cell growth Phenotype that is an decrease in the rate of cell growth (GO:0016049) in a whole animal or in some specific organ tissue or clone of cells compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a decrease in size of an initially normally sized organ or tissue due to wasting away of cells. djs93 2011-03-10T05:59:04Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000719 atrophy Phenotype that is a decrease in size of an initially normally sized organ or tissue due to wasting away of cells. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect or in or absence of a jump response (GO:0007630). The jump response in Drosophila is a reflex escape response that can be triggered by a number of signals including odor and light. Standard assays are commonly used to test odor and light induced jump response. djs93 2011-03-11T08:03:28Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000720 jump response defective Phenotype that is a defect or in or absence of a jump response (GO:0007630). The jump response in Drosophila is a reflex escape response that can be triggered by a number of signals including odor and light. Standard assays are commonly used to test odor and light induced jump response. FlyBase:FBrf0187887 FlyBase:FBrf0191819 Phenotype that is a defect in mating behavior (GO:0007617). 'mating behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007617' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000721 mating behavior defective Phenotype that is a defect in mating behavior (GO:0007617). 'mating behavior' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007617' FBC:DOS A clone of somatic cells that share a mutant genotype that includes being Minute +/+ and that is part of and derived from an animal with a different genotype that includes being Minute +/-. djs93 2011-01-27T04:55:28Z clone_qualifier FBcv:0000722 somatic clone - Minute background A clone of somatic cells that share a mutant genotype that includes being Minute +/+ and that is part of and derived from an animal with a different genotype that includes being Minute +/-. FBC:DOS Phenotype that consists of abnormal growth of a tissue or organ due to increased numbers of cells, but in which the affected tissue or organ does not maintain its normal form. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000723 neoplasia Phenotype that consists of abnormal growth of a tissue or organ due to increased numbers of cells, but in which the affected tissue or organ does not maintain its normal form. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a reduction in size of an organ or tissue compared to wild-type due to reduced numbers of cells being produced during its development or growth. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000724 This term should not be used where an organ or tissue is reduced in size due to the wasting away of existing cells. hypoplasia Phenotype that is a reduction in size of an organ or tissue compared to wild-type due to reduced numbers of cells being produced during its development or growth. FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in response to oxidative stress (GO:0006979). 'response to oxidative stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006979' phenotypic_class FBcv:0000725 oxidative stress response defective Phenotype that is a defect in response to oxidative stress (GO:0006979). 'response to oxidative stress' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006979' FBC:DOS Expressed in virgin females. djs93 2011-04-21T01:10:32Z sex_qualifier FBcv:0000726 May be used as a qualifier for gene or transgene expression or phenotype. Note - its use does not imply expression (of gene or phenotype) exclusively in virgin females. virgin female Expressed in virgin females. FBC:DOS Expressed in mated females. djs93 2011-04-21T01:10:49Z sex_qualifier FBcv:0000727 May be used as a qualifier for gene or transgene expression or phenotype. Note - its use does not imply expression (of gene or phenotype) exclusively in mated females. mated female Expressed in mated females. FBC:DOS Expressed in virgin males. djs93 2011-04-21T01:11:13Z sex_qualifier FBcv:0000728 May be used as a qualifier for gene or transgene expression or phenotype. Note - its use does not imply expression (of gene or phenotype) exclusively in virgin males. virgin male Expressed in virgin males. FBC:DOS Expressed in mated males. djs93 2011-04-21T01:11:21Z sex_qualifier FBcv:0000729 May be used as a qualifier for gene or transgene expression or phenotype. Note - its use does not imply expression (of gene or phenotype) exclusively in mated females. mated male Expressed in mated males. FBC:DOS Expression is limited to virgin females. djs93 2011-04-21T01:11:46Z sex_qualifier FBcv:0000730 May be used to qualify expression of phenotypes or of genes, transgenes etc. virgin female limited Expression is limited to virgin females. FBC:DOS Expression is limited to mated females. djs93 2011-04-21T01:11:59Z sex_qualifier FBcv:0000731 May be used to qualify expression of phenotypes or of genes, transgenes etc. mated female limited Expression is limited to mated females. FBC:DOS Expression is limited to mated males. djs93 2011-04-21T01:12:14Z sex_qualifier FBcv:0000732 May be used to qualify expression of phenotypes or of genes, transgenes etc. mated male limited Expression is limited to mated males. FBC:DOS Expression is limited to virgin males. djs93 2011-04-21T01:13:00Z sex_qualifier FBcv:0000733 May be used to qualify expression of phenotypes or of genes, transgenes etc. virgin male limited Expression is limited to virgin males. FBC:DOS Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of terminal regions of the embryo/larva: the acron, telson and immediately adjacent segments. djs93 2011-09-13T02:31:53Z phenotypic_class FBcv:0000734 terminal phenotype Embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype that is the complete or partial loss of terminal regions of the embryo/larva: the acron, telson and immediately adjacent segments. FBC:DOS . mutation induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine exposure origin_of_mutation NDEA FBcv:0000735 N-nitrosodiethylamine . CHEBI:34873 NDEA FlyBase:FBrf0139766 An allele that completely lacks function (i.e. whose gene productive is completely inactive) at high temperatures, but that retains at least some function at lower temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:54:34Z allele_class FBcv:0000736 heat sensitive amorphic allele An allele that completely lacks function (i.e. whose gene productive is completely inactive) at high temperatures, but that retains at least some function at lower temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred to completely lack function at some temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not others (permissive temperatures) from the observation that addition of extra copies in the genome has no effect on the phenotype at the restrictive temperatures. Most commonly, evidence takes the form of the observation that the phenotype of homozygotes (2 copies) is identical to that seen when the allele is in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000737 temperature conditional amorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred to completely lack function at some temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not others (permissive temperatures) from the observation that addition of extra copies in the genome has no effect on the phenotype at the restrictive temperatures. Most commonly, evidence takes the form of the observation that the phenotype of homozygotes (2 copies) is identical to that seen when the allele is in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 A publication that is not issued on a regular, ongoing basis containing separate articles or chapters (typically reviews) written by different authors on a single subject or related subjects, overseen by one or more editors. djs93 2012-07-10T04:05:08Z pub_type FBcv:0000738 edited book A publication that is not issued on a regular, ongoing basis containing separate articles or chapters (typically reviews) written by different authors on a single subject or related subjects, overseen by one or more editors. FBC:SM An allele that completely lacks function (i.e. whose gene productive is completely inactive) at some temperatures, but not others. djs93 2012-03-22T03:57:02Z allele_class FBcv:0000739 temperature conditional amorphic allele An allele that completely lacks function (i.e. whose gene productive is completely inactive) at some temperatures, but not others. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred to completely lack function at low temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at high temperatures (permissive temperatures) from the observation that adding extra copies in the genome has no effect on the phenotype at the restrictive temperatures. Most commonly, evidence takes the form of the observation that the phenotype of homozygotes (2 copies) is identical to that seen when the allele is in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000740 cold sensitive amorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred to completely lack function at low temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at high temperatures (permissive temperatures) from the observation that adding extra copies in the genome has no effect on the phenotype at the restrictive temperatures. Most commonly, evidence takes the form of the observation that the phenotype of homozygotes (2 copies) is identical to that seen when the allele is in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred to completely lack function at high temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at low temperatures (permissive temperatures) from the observation that adding extra copies in the genome has no effect on the phenotype at the restrictive temperatures. Most commonly, evidence takes the form of the observation that the phenotype of homozygotes (2 copies) is identical to that seen when the allele is in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000741 heat sensitive amorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred to completely lack function at high temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at low temperatures (permissive temperatures) from the observation that adding extra copies in the genome has no effect on the phenotype at the restrictive temperatures. Most commonly, evidence takes the form of the observation that the phenotype of homozygotes (2 copies) is identical to that seen when the allele is in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy). FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to completely lack function at low temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at high temperatures (permissive temperatures). djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000742 cold sensitive amorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to completely lack function at low temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at high temperatures (permissive temperatures). FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to completely lack function at high temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at low temperatures (permissive temperatures). djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000743 heat sensitive amorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to completely lack function at high temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at low temperatures (permissive temperatures). FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to completely lack function at some temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at others (permissive temperatures). djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000744 temperature conditional amorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to completely lack function at some temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at others (permissive temperatures). FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that at some temperatures but not others either makes no functional gene product or makes reduced levels of a normally functioning gene product or makes a gene product with reduced activity compared to wild-type. djs93 2012-03-22T03:57:02Z allele_class FBcv:0000745 temperature conditional loss of function allele An allele that at some temperatures but not others either makes no functional gene product or makes reduced levels of a normally functioning gene product or makes a gene product with reduced activity compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that at high temperatures but not low temperatures, either makes no functional gene product, makes reduced levels of a normally functioning gene product or makes a gene product with reduced activity compared to wild-type. djs93 2012-03-22T03:54:34Z allele_class FBcv:0000746 heat sensitive loss of function allele An allele that at high temperatures but not low temperatures, either makes no functional gene product, makes reduced levels of a normally functioning gene product or makes a gene product with reduced activity compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that at low temperatures but not high temperatures, either makes no functional gene product, makes reduced levels of a normally functioning gene product or makes a gene product with reduced activity compared to wild-type. allele_class FBcv:0000747 cold sensitive loss of function allele An allele that at low temperatures but not high temperatures, either makes no functional gene product, makes reduced levels of a normally functioning gene product or makes a gene product with reduced activity compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that at some temperatures but not others, either makes a normally functioning gene product but at higher levels or in a different spatial or temporal pattern to wild-type, or a product with increased or novel activity compared to wild-type. djs93 2012-03-22T03:57:02Z allele_class FBcv:0000748 temperature conditional gain of function allele An allele that at some temperatures but not others, either makes a normally functioning gene product but at higher levels or in a different spatial or temporal pattern to wild-type, or a product with increased or novel activity compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that at high temperatures but not low temperatures, either makes a normally functioning gene product but at higher levels or in a different spatial or temporal pattern to wild-type, or a product with increased or novel activity compared to wild-type. djs93 2012-03-22T03:54:34Z allele_class FBcv:0000749 heat sensitive gain of function allele An allele that at high temperatures but not low temperatures, either makes a normally functioning gene product but at higher levels or in a different spatial or temporal pattern to wild-type, or a product with increased or novel activity compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that at low temperatures but not high temperatures, either makes a normally functioning gene product but at higher levels or in a different spatial or temporal pattern to wild-type, or a product with increased or novel activity compared to wild-type. allele_class FBcv:0000750 cold sensitive gain of function allele An allele that at low temperatures but not high temperatures, either makes a normally functioning gene product but at higher levels or in a different spatial or temporal pattern to wild-type, or a product with increased or novel activity compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, at some temperatures but not others, makes a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. djs93 2012-03-22T03:57:02Z allele_class FBcv:0000751 temperature conditional hypomorphic allele An allele that, at some temperatures but not others, makes a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that makes a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but which at high temperatures is present in a lesser amount or with lowered activity, and that retains normal levels of expression or activity at low temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:54:34Z allele_class FBcv:0000752 heat sensitive hypomorphic allele An allele that makes a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but which at high temperatures is present in a lesser amount or with lowered activity, and that retains normal levels of expression or activity at low temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that makes a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but which at low temperatures is present in a lesser amount or with lowered activity, and that retains normal function at higher temperatures. allele_class FBcv:0000753 cold sensitive hypomorphic allele An allele that makes a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but which at low temperatures is present in a lesser amount or with lowered activity, and that retains normal function at higher temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred from genetic evidence to have normal activity at some temperatures (permissive temperatures) but at other temperatures to make a gene product with normal function but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity (non-permissive temperatures). The genetic evidence must consist of an observation extra copies in the genome decrease the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at non-permissive temperatures. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that the homozygote (2 copies) has a weaker phenotype at non-permissive temperatures than the allele in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy)). djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000754 temperature conditional hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred from genetic evidence to have normal activity at some temperatures (permissive temperatures) but at other temperatures to make a gene product with normal function but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity (non-permissive temperatures). The genetic evidence must consist of an observation extra copies in the genome decrease the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at non-permissive temperatures. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that the homozygote (2 copies) has a weaker phenotype at non-permissive temperatures than the allele in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy)). FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred from genetic evidence to have normal activity at high temperatures (permissive temperatures) but to make a gene product with normal function but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity at lower temperatures (non-permissive temperatures). The genetic evidence must consist of an observation extra copies in the genome decrease the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at non-permissive temperatures. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that the homozygote (2 copies) has a weaker phenotype at non-permissive temperatures than the allele in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy)). djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000755 cold sensitive hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred from genetic evidence to have normal activity at high temperatures (permissive temperatures) but to make a gene product with normal function but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity at lower temperatures (non-permissive temperatures). The genetic evidence must consist of an observation extra copies in the genome decrease the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at non-permissive temperatures. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that the homozygote (2 copies) has a weaker phenotype at non-permissive temperatures than the allele in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy)). FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred from genetic evidence to have normal activity at low temperatures (permissive temperatures) but to make a gene product with normal function but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity at higher temperatures (non-permissive temperatures). The genetic evidence must consist of an observation extra copies in the genome decrease the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at non-permissive temperatures. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that the homozygote (2 copies) has a weaker phenotype at non-permissive temperatures than the allele in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy)). djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000756 heat sensitive hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred from genetic evidence to have normal activity at low temperatures (permissive temperatures) but to make a gene product with normal function but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity at higher temperatures (non-permissive temperatures). The genetic evidence must consist of an observation extra copies in the genome decrease the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at non-permissive temperatures. Most commonly this evidence takes the form of experiments showing that the homozygote (2 copies) has a weaker phenotype at non-permissive temperatures than the allele in trans to a deletion of the gene (1 copy)). FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a normal gene product in normal amounts at some temperatures, but at other temperatures to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000757 temperature conditional hypomorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a normal gene product in normal amounts at some temperatures, but at other temperatures to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a normal gene product in normal amounts at high temperatures, but at lower temperatures to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000758 cold sensitive hypomorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a normal gene product in normal amounts at high temperatures, but at lower temperatures to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a normal gene product in normal amounts at low temperatures, but at higher temperatures to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000759 heat sensitive hypomorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a normal gene product in normal amounts at low temperatures, but at higher temperatures to make a gene product that is functionally equivalent to wild-type but in a lesser amount or with lowered activity. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that makes a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at some temperatures, but not others. djs93 2012-03-22T03:57:02Z allele_class FBcv:0000760 temperature conditional antimorphic allele An allele that makes a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at some temperatures, but not others. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that makes a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at high temperatures, but not at lower temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:54:34Z allele_class FBcv:0000761 heat sensitive antimorphic allele An allele that makes a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at high temperatures, but not at lower temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that makes a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at cold temperatures, but not at higher temperatures. allele_class FBcv:0000762 cold sensitive antimorphic allele An allele that makes a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at cold temperatures, but not at higher temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the wild-type gene product at some temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at others (permissive temperatures) from the observation that, at the non-permissive temperatures, the phenotype over a deficiency is stronger than that over a wild-type allele, which in turn is stronger than that in the presence of a duplication of the wild-type locus. djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000763 temperature conditional antimorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the wild-type gene product at some temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at others (permissive temperatures) from the observation that, at the non-permissive temperatures, the phenotype over a deficiency is stronger than that over a wild-type allele, which in turn is stronger than that in the presence of a duplication of the wild-type locus. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the wild-type gene product at low temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at high temperatures (permissive temperatures) from the observation that, at the non-permissive temperatures, the phenotype over a deficiency is stronger than that over a wild-type allele, which in turn is stronger than that in the presence of a duplication of the wild-type locus. djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000764 cold sensitive antimorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the wild-type gene product at low temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at high temperatures (permissive temperatures) from the observation that, at the non-permissive temperatures, the phenotype over a deficiency is stronger than that over a wild-type allele, which in turn is stronger than that in the presence of a duplication of the wild-type locus. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the wild-type gene product at high temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at lower temperatures (permissive temperatures) from the observation that, at the non-permissive temperatures, the phenotype over a deficiency is stronger than that over a wild-type allele, which in turn is stronger than that in the presence of a duplication of the wild-type locus. djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000765 heat sensitive antimorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the wild-type gene product at high temperatures (restrictive temperatures) but not at lower temperatures (permissive temperatures) from the observation that, at the non-permissive temperatures, the phenotype over a deficiency is stronger than that over a wild-type allele, which in turn is stronger than that in the presence of a duplication of the wild-type locus. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that has been shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at some temperatures but not others. djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000766 temperature conditional antimorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele that has been shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at some temperatures but not others. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that has been shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at low temperatures but not higher temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000767 cold sensitive antimorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele that has been shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at low temperatures but not higher temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that has been shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at high temperatures but not lower temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000768 heat sensitive antimorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele that has been shown by molecular evidence to make a gene product that is antagonistic to the function of the wild-type gene product at high temperatures but not lower temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, at some temperatures but not others, makes a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. djs93 2012-03-22T03:57:02Z allele_class FBcv:0000769 temperature conditional neomorphic allele An allele that, at some temperatures but not others, makes a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, at some high temperatures but not lower temperatures, makes a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. djs93 2012-03-22T03:54:34Z allele_class FBcv:0000770 heat sensitive neomorphic allele An allele that, at some high temperatures but not lower temperatures, makes a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, at some low temperatures but not higher temperatures, makes a gene product at with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. allele_class FBcv:0000771 cold sensitive neomorphic allele An allele that, at some low temperatures but not higher temperatures, makes a gene product at with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, is inferred to make a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type at some temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not others (permissive temperatures) based on the evidence that the phenotype at the non-permissive temperature is unaffected by extra or fewer doses of the wild-type gene. djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000772 temperature conditional neomorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele that, is inferred to make a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type at some temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not others (permissive temperatures) based on the evidence that the phenotype at the non-permissive temperature is unaffected by extra or fewer doses of the wild-type gene. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, is inferred to make a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type at some low temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not higher temperatures (permissive temperatures), based on the evidence that the phenotype at the non-permissive temperature is unaffected by extra or fewer doses of the wild-type gene. djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000773 cold sensitive neomorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele that, is inferred to make a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type at some low temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not higher temperatures (permissive temperatures), based on the evidence that the phenotype at the non-permissive temperature is unaffected by extra or fewer doses of the wild-type gene. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, is inferred to make a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type at some high temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not lower temperatures (permissive temperatures), based on the evidence that the phenotype at the non-permissive temperature is unaffected by extra or fewer doses of the wild-type gene. djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000774 heat sensitive neomorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele that, is inferred to make a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern compared to wild-type at some high temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not lower temperatures (permissive temperatures), based on the evidence that the phenotype at the non-permissive temperature is unaffected by extra or fewer doses of the wild-type gene. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to produce a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern (compared to wild-type) at some temperatures but not others. djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000775 temperature conditional neomorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to produce a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern (compared to wild-type) at some temperatures but not others. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to produce a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern (compared to wild-type) at low temperatures but not higher temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000776 cold sensitive neomorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to produce a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern (compared to wild-type) at low temperatures but not higher temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to produce a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern (compared to wild-type) at high temperatures but not lower temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000777 heat sensitive neomorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to produce a gene product with a novel function or expression pattern (compared to wild-type) at high temperatures but not lower temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, at some temperatures but not others, makes a gene product with normal function but at higher levels or with higher activity than in wild-type. djs93 2012-03-22T03:57:02Z allele_class FBcv:0000778 temperature conditional hypermorphic allele An allele that, at some temperatures but not others, makes a gene product with normal function but at higher levels or with higher activity than in wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, at high temperatures but not lower temperatures, makes a gene product with normal function but at higher levels or with higher activity than in wild-type. djs93 2012-03-22T03:54:34Z allele_class FBcv:0000779 heat sensitive hypermorphic allele An allele that, at high temperatures but not lower temperatures, makes a gene product with normal function but at higher levels or with higher activity than in wild-type. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele that, at low temperatures but not higher temperatures, makes a gene product with normal function but at higher levels or with higher activity than in wild-type.. allele_class FBcv:0000780 cold sensitive hypermorphic allele An allele that, at low temperatures but not higher temperatures, makes a gene product with normal function but at higher levels or with higher activity than in wild-type.. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred from genetic evidence to make a normal gene product at increased levels or with increased activity compared to wild-type, where this increased amount or activity is present at some temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not others (permissive temperatures), and where the genetic evidence consists of the observation that extra copies in the genome increase the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at the non-permissive temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000781 temperature conditional hypermorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred from genetic evidence to make a normal gene product at increased levels or with increased activity compared to wild-type, where this increased amount or activity is present at some temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not others (permissive temperatures), and where the genetic evidence consists of the observation that extra copies in the genome increase the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at the non-permissive temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred from genetic evidence to make a normal gene product at increased levels or with increased activity compared to wild-type, where this increased amount or activity is present at low temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not higher temperatures (permissive temperatures), and where the genetic evidence consists of the observation that extra copies in the genome increase the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at the non-permissive temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000782 cold sensitive hypermorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred from genetic evidence to make a normal gene product at increased levels or with increased activity compared to wild-type, where this increased amount or activity is present at low temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not higher temperatures (permissive temperatures), and where the genetic evidence consists of the observation that extra copies in the genome increase the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at the non-permissive temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele inferred from genetic evidence to make a normal gene product at increased levels or with increased activity compared to wild-type, where this increased amount or activity is present at high temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not lower temperatures (permissive temperatures), and where the genetic evidence consists of the observation that extra copies in the genome increase the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at the non-permissive temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000783 heat sensitive hypermorphic allele - genetic evidence An allele inferred from genetic evidence to make a normal gene product at increased levels or with increased activity compared to wild-type, where this increased amount or activity is present at high temperatures (non-permissive temperatures) but not lower temperatures (permissive temperatures), and where the genetic evidence consists of the observation that extra copies in the genome increase the expressivity and/or penetrance of the phenotype at the non-permissive temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a functionally wild-type gene product at increased levels or with increased activity where this increased expression or activity occurs at some temperatures but not others. djs93 2012-03-22T03:55:17Z allele_class FBcv:0000784 temperature conditional hypermorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a functionally wild-type gene product at increased levels or with increased activity where this increased expression or activity occurs at some temperatures but not others. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a functionally wild-type gene product at increased levels or with increased activity where this increased expression or activity occurs at low temperatures but not higher temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:58:31Z allele_class FBcv:0000785 cold sensitive hypermorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a functionally wild-type gene product at increased levels or with increased activity where this increased expression or activity occurs at low temperatures but not higher temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a functionally wild-type gene product at increased levels or with increased activity where this increased expression or activity occurs at high temperatures but not lower temperatures. djs93 2012-03-22T03:59:43Z allele_class FBcv:0000786 heat sensitive hypermorphic allele - molecular evidence An allele shown by molecular evidence to make a functionally wild-type gene product at increased levels or with increased activity where this increased expression or activity occurs at high temperatures but not lower temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0049147 A publication issued on a regular, ongoing basis containing separate research articles and other writings such as reviews, comments and conference reports. djs93 2012-07-10T04:08:06Z MeSH:D020492 pub_type Periodicals FBcv:0000787 journal A publication issued on a regular, ongoing basis containing separate research articles and other writings such as reviews, comments and conference reports. FBC:SM MeSH:D020492 Periodicals MeSH:D020492 A work consisting of a news item appearing in a general-interest newspaper or other general news periodical, containing information of current and timely interest in the field of medicine or science. djs93 2012-07-10T04:17:34Z MeSH:D018431 pub_type FBcv:0000788 newspaper article A work consisting of a news item appearing in a general-interest newspaper or other general news periodical, containing information of current and timely interest in the field of medicine or science. FBC:SM MeSH:D018431 A record of a nucleotide or protein sequence in some standard format. djs93 2012-07-10T05:42:47Z pub_type FBcv:0000789 sequence record A record of a nucleotide or protein sequence in some standard format. FBC:SM Work consisting of a structured file of information or a set of logically related data stored and retrieved using computer-based means. djs93 2012-07-13T02:06:57Z MeSH:D019991 pub_type FBcv:0000790 database Work consisting of a structured file of information or a set of logically related data stored and retrieved using computer-based means. FBC:SM MeSH:D019991 A phenotype in which the aging process (GO:0007568) is slower than in wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000791 delayed aging A phenotype in which the aging process (GO:0007568) is slower than in wild-type. FBC:DOC A phenotype in which the aging process (GO:0007568) is accelerated compared to wild-type. phenotypic_class FBcv:0000792 premature aging A phenotype in which the aging process (GO:0007568) is accelerated compared to wild-type. FBC:DOC An adult phenotype that becomes more severe with age. djs93 2012-10-10T12:02:35Z temporal_qualifier FBcv:0000793 progressive An adult phenotype that becomes more severe with age. FBC:DOS Cell autonomy statements describe the cellular focus of mutant phenotype, generally revealed by genetic mosaic analysis, in terms of whether the mutant has its phenotypic effect limited to, or not limited to, cells of the mutant genotype. genotype_to_phenotype_relation FBcv:0000797 cell autonomy qualifier Cell autonomy statements describe the cellular focus of mutant phenotype, generally revealed by genetic mosaic analysis, in terms of whether the mutant has its phenotypic effect limited to, or not limited to, cells of the mutant genotype. FBC:rd FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000799 gene descriptor true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000801 polymorphism assay true FlyBase miscellaneous CV restriction fragment length polymorphism FBcv:0000803 RFLP true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000805 DNA sequence variant true Descriptor that relates to aspects of an allele. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000807 allele descriptor Descriptor that relates to aspects of an allele. FBC:MMC Qualifier that describes an observable phenotype. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000809 phenotype qualifier Qualifier that describes an observable phenotype. FBC:MMC Qualifier that describes a particular quality of an observable phenotype. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0000811 qualitative qualifier Qualifier that describes a particular quality of an observable phenotype. FBC:MMC A clone of cells that share a genotype. clone_qualifier clone qualifier FBcv:0000812 clone of cells A clone of cells that share a genotype. FBC:DOS . mutation induced by nitrogen mustard exposure origin_of_mutation 2-chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-methylethanamine CB1414 HN2 mechlorethamine FBcv:0000813 nitrogen mustard . CHEBI:37598 . mutation induced by 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxybutane exposure mutation induced by busulfan exposure origin_of_mutation CB2041 busulfan FBcv:0000814 1,4-dimethanesulfonoxybutane . CHEBI:28901 busulfan CHEBI:28901 . chlorambucil mutation induced by chlorambucil exposure mutation induced by p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylbutyric acid exposure origin_of_mutation CB1348 FBcv:0000815 p-N,N-di-(2-chloroethyl)aminophenylbutyric acid . CHEBI:28830 chlorambucil CHEBI:28830 An allele that completely lacks function (i.e. whose gene productive is completely inactive) at low temperatures, but that retains at least some function at higher temperatures. FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0001003 cold sensitive amorphic allele An allele that completely lacks function (i.e. whose gene productive is completely inactive) at low temperatures, but that retains at least some function at higher temperatures. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0002371 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 Phenotype expressed only in the presence of beta-estradiol (CHEBI:16469). conditional beta-estradiol environmental_qualifier FBcv:0001315 beta-estradiol conditional Phenotype expressed only in the presence of beta-estradiol (CHEBI:16469). FBC:DOS Phenotype that is a defect in endocytosis (GO:0006897). 'endocytosis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006897' phenotypic_class FBcv:0001324 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons endocytosis defective Phenotype that is a defect in endocytosis (GO:0006897). 'endocytosis' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0006897' FBC:DOS phenotypic_class FBcv:0001325 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons exocytosis defective A defect in or loss of some anatomical structure or biological process compared to wild-type. phenotypic class phenotypic_class FBcv:0001347 do_not_annotate The subclasses of this term classify Drosophila phenotypes into different common categories. They have been chosen by FlyBase to reflect phenotype terms most often reported by Drosophila researchers in the published literature. phenotype A defect in or loss of some anatomical structure or biological process compared to wild-type. FBC:DOS Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by Minos, a DNA transposable element. The minos element is 1.4 kilobases in length with 254 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. It specifically targets TA dinucleotides and generates a flanking duplication of 2 base pairs upon insertion. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the minos transposase. mutation induced by minos activity origin_of_mutation FBcv:0001500 minos activity Mutation induced by the transposable activity caused by Minos, a DNA transposable element. The minos element is 1.4 kilobases in length with 254 base pairs inverted terminal repeats. It specifically targets TA dinucleotides and generates a flanking duplication of 2 base pairs upon insertion. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the minos transposase. FBC:DOS FlyBase:FBrf0202435 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages prior to eclosion from the pupal case (the end of the P-stage). lethal - all die before end of pharate adult stage phenotypic_class As the P-Stage and the 'pharate adult stage' have the same end, there is no need for a seprate term for 'lethal - all die before end of pharate adult stage. lethal - all die before end of P-stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages prior to eclosion from the pupal case (the end of the P-stage). FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the first instar larval stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the first instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the larval stage. lethal - all die before end of third instar larval stage phenotypic_class As the larval stage and third instar larval stage have the same end, there is no need for a separate term for 'lethal - all die before end of third instar larval stage'. lethal - all die before end of larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the larval stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the second instar larval stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die before end of second instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the second instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype that is an increase in the rate of death in a population at any stage of life (during development or adulthood), over the rate seen in a wild type control population. phenotypic_class fbcvsubset_mgiribbons increased mortality A phenotype that is an increase in the rate of death in a population at any stage of life (during development or adulthood), over the rate seen in a wild type control population. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the P-stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die during P-stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the P-stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die during first instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the larval stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die during larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the larval stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die during second instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die during third instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the P-stage. phenotypic_class majority die during P-stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the P-stage. FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. phenotypic_class majority die during first instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the larval stage. phenotypic_class majority die during larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the larval stage. FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. phenotypic_class majority die during second instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. phenotypic_class majority die during third instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 5 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant proportion of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). phenotypic_class partially lethal A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant proportion of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS FBC:KM 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). phenotypic_class increased mortality during development A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population prior to becoming a mature adult, where mature is defined as after adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012). FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the P-stage. phenotypic_class some die during P-stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the P-stage. FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. phenotypic_class some die during first instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the first instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. phenotypic_class some die during second instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the second instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the larval stage. phenotypic_class some die during larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the larval stage. FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. phenotypic_class some die during third instar larval stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the third instar larval stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die during pharate adult stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the prepupal stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die before end of prepupal stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the prepupal stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the pupal stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die before end of pupal stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the pupal stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the pupal stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die during pupal stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the pupal stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the prepupal stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die during prepupal stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the prepupal stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the embryonic stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population at some stage or stages before the end of the embryonic stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the embryonic stage. phenotypic_class lethal - all die during embryonic stage 98 Need to add local reflexivity to part_of for this to work. And really need to be using continuant part of. A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population during the embryonic stage. FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the pupal stage. phenotypic_class majority die during pupal stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the pupal stage. FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the prepupal stage. phenotypic_class majority die during prepupal stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the prepupal stage. FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. phenotypic_class majority die during pharate adult stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the embryonic stage. phenotypic_class This term is agnostic about whether any survive to adulthood. majority die during embryonic stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population during the embryonic stage. FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. phenotypic_class some die during pharate adult stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the pharate adult stage. FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the pupal stage. phenotypic_class some die during pupal stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the pupal stage. FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the prepupal stage. phenotypic_class some die during prepupal stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the prepupal stage. FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the embryonic stage. phenotypic_class some die during embryonic stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of a significant proportion of animals in that population during the embryonic stage. FBC:DOS 98 A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). phenotypic_class lethal - all die during immature adult stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of all animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). FBC:DOS 50 A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). phenotypic_class majority die during immature adult stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of the majority of animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). FBC:DOS 5 A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant number of animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). phenotypic_class some die during immature adult stage A phenotype of a population that is the death of some significant number of animals in that population as immature adults (after eclosion but before the end of adult stage A3 (FBdv:00006012)). FBC:DOS Qualifier that describes aspects of genetic models of disease. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z disease_qualifier FBcv:0003000 disease qualifier Qualifier that describes aspects of genetic models of disease. FBC:MMC Makes a condition better. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z disease_qualifier FBcv:0003001 The 'ameliorates' term is used in FlyBase disease annotation when an allele interacts to remove or reduce the severity of the disease phenotype associated with a given disease model (FBC:ST). ameliorates Makes a condition better. FBC:ST Contrary to expectation, does not make a condition better. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z disease_qualifier FBcv:0003002 The 'DOES NOT ameliorate' term is used in FlyBase disease annotation when an allele is expected to remove or reduce the severity of the disease phenotype associated with a given disease model but fails to do so. DOES NOT ameliorate Contrary to expectation, does not make a condition better. FBC:ST Contrary to expectation, does not make a condition worse. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z disease_qualifier FBcv:0003003 The 'DOES NOT exacerbate' term is used in FlyBase disease annotation when an allele is expected to makes the disease phenotype associated with a given disease model more severe but fails to do so (FBC:ST). DOES NOT exacerbate Contrary to expectation, does not make a condition worse. FBC:ST Contrary to expectation, characteristics associated with a given condition are not recapitulated in a different system. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z disease_qualifier FBcv:0003004 The 'DOES NOT model' term is used in FlyBase disease annotation when an allele is expected to recapitulate one or more aspects of a particular human disease phenotype in Drosophila but fails to do so (FBC:ST). DOES NOT model Contrary to expectation, characteristics associated with a given condition are not recapitulated in a different system. FBC:ST Makes a condition worse. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z disease_qualifier FBcv:0003005 The 'exacerbates' term is used in FlyBase disease annotation when an allele interacts to make the disease phenotype associated with a given disease model more severe (FBC:ST). exacerbates Makes a condition worse. FBC:ST Characteristics associated with a given condition recapitulated in a different system. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z disease_qualifier FBcv:0003006 The 'model of' term is used in FlyBase disease annotation when alleles (typically of fly or human genes) recapitulate one or more aspect of a human disease phenotype in Drosophila (FBC:ST). model of Characteristics associated with a given condition recapitulated in a different system. FBC:ST Sequence change induced by a cleavage event that is caused by an endonuclease that recognizes and cleaves specific sequences in double stranded DNA causing double-strand breaks (DSB). mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z change induced by site specific cleavage origin_of_mutation FBcv:0003007 site specific cleavage Sequence change induced by a cleavage event that is caused by an endonuclease that recognizes and cleaves specific sequences in double stranded DNA causing double-strand breaks (DSB). FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Sequence change caused by a cleavage of a specific DNA sequence induced by CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 nuclease system. This system relies on the transcription of a chimeric guide RNA (gRNA) which directs the Cas9 endonuclease to a specified DNA sequence through basepairing to 20 nucleotide CRISPR target sites. These sites are located next to a 3 nucleotide protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) required for DNA cleavage. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z change induced by CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease cleavage origin_of_mutation CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease FBcv:0003008 CRISPR/Cas9 Sequence change caused by a cleavage of a specific DNA sequence induced by CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 nuclease system. This system relies on the transcription of a chimeric guide RNA (gRNA) which directs the Cas9 endonuclease to a specified DNA sequence through basepairing to 20 nucleotide CRISPR target sites. These sites are located next to a 3 nucleotide protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) required for DNA cleavage. FlyBase:FBrf0222128 FlyBase:FBrf0222292 FlyBase:FBrf0222617 UniProt:Q99ZW2 Sequence change caused by the cleavage of specific DNA sequences by transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). TALEN proteins comprise a DNA binding domain fused to the catalytic domain of the FokI endonuclease. The DNA binding domain contains a repetitive region within the middle of the protein, consisting of tandem repeats of 34 amino acid segments, with each of these segments recognizing a single base pair. The specificity of the binding is determined by two hypervariable amino acids in positions 12 and 13 (repeat-variable diresidues). Cleavage requires dimerization of FokI. The endonuclease is directed to a target region by a pair of TALENs which bind to adjacent sequences separated by a spacer region, allowing dimerization and promoting cleavage. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z change induced by TALE endonuclease cleavage origin_of_mutation TALE endonuclease FBcv:0003009 TALEN Sequence change caused by the cleavage of specific DNA sequences by transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). TALEN proteins comprise a DNA binding domain fused to the catalytic domain of the FokI endonuclease. The DNA binding domain contains a repetitive region within the middle of the protein, consisting of tandem repeats of 34 amino acid segments, with each of these segments recognizing a single base pair. The specificity of the binding is determined by two hypervariable amino acids in positions 12 and 13 (repeat-variable diresidues). Cleavage requires dimerization of FokI. The endonuclease is directed to a target region by a pair of TALENs which bind to adjacent sequences separated by a spacer region, allowing dimerization and promoting cleavage. PMID:10954606 PMID:20660643 Sequence change caused by a site specific recombination catalyzed by the serine recombinase phiC31 integrase that recognizes a minimal high-efficiency attP recognition site of 39 base pairs and a minimal high-efficiency attB recognition site of 34 base pairs. The attP and attB sites contain imperfect inverted repeats flanking a short recombination core (TTG) that provides directionality. mmc46 2014-03-27T11:07:29Z change induced by phiC31 integrase recombination origin_of_mutation FBcv:0003010 phiC31 integrase Sequence change caused by a site specific recombination catalyzed by the serine recombinase phiC31 integrase that recognizes a minimal high-efficiency attP recognition site of 39 base pairs and a minimal high-efficiency attB recognition site of 34 base pairs. The attP and attB sites contain imperfect inverted repeats flanking a short recombination core (TTG) that provides directionality. FlyBase:FBrf0174693 FlyBase:FBrf0201927 UniProt:Q9T221 Descriptor that relates aspects of the grouping of genes or gene products. mmc46 2014-03-28T15:23:42Z group_descriptor FBcv:0003011 group descriptor Descriptor that relates aspects of the grouping of genes or gene products. FBC:MMC Genes or gene products that are acknowledged to form a natural biological group. mmc46 2014-03-28T15:23:42Z group_descriptor FBcv:0003012 gene or gene product group Genes or gene products that are acknowledged to form a natural biological group. FBC:SM Two or more genes contiguously arranged where the individual genes are either identical in sequence, or essentially so (SO:0005851). mmc46 2014-03-28T15:23:42Z group_descriptor FBcv:0003013 gene array group Two or more genes contiguously arranged where the individual genes are either identical in sequence, or essentially so (SO:0005851). FBC:SM SO:ma Genes whose products share a common biological and/or molecular function. mmc46 2014-03-28T15:23:42Z group_descriptor FBcv:0003014 functional group Genes whose products share a common biological and/or molecular function. FBC:SM Genes with the same location on the chromosome and whose products have a similar function. mmc46 2014-03-28T15:23:42Z group_descriptor FBcv:0003015 gene complex group Genes with the same location on the chromosome and whose products have a similar function. FBC:SM http://www.sdbonline.org/fly/aignfam/ensplitc.htm Genes whose protein products form a macromolecular complex (GO:0043234). mmc46 2014-03-28T15:23:42Z group_descriptor FBcv:0003016 protein complex group Genes whose protein products form a macromolecular complex (GO:0043234). FBC:SM GOC:go_curators Genes whose products act in a specified signal transduction or metabolic pathway. mmc46 2014-03-28T15:23:42Z group_descriptor FBcv:0003017 pathway group Genes whose products act in a specified signal transduction or metabolic pathway. FBC:SM Genes whose products act in a specified biological process. mmc46 2014-03-28T15:23:42Z group_descriptor FBcv:0003018 process group Genes whose products act in a specified biological process. FBC:SM Mutation caused by the transposable activity caused by the I-element, a non-LTR retrotransposon. The I-element is 5371 base pairs long. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the I-element transposase. mmc46 2014-09-16T13:30:48Z mutation induced by I-element activity origin_of_mutation FBcv:0003019 I-element activity Mutation caused by the transposable activity caused by the I-element, a non-LTR retrotransposon. The I-element is 5371 base pairs long. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the I-element transposase. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Mutation caused by the transposable activity caused by the Stalker element, a LTR retrotransposon. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the stalker element transposase. mmc46 2014-09-16T13:30:48Z mutation induced by Stalker element activity origin_of_mutation FBcv:0003020 Stalker element activity Mutation caused by the transposable activity caused by the Stalker element, a LTR retrotransposon. Mobilization is induced by the activity of the stalker element transposase. FlyBase:FBrf0202435 Term that describes a dataset. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0003021 dataset descriptor Term that describes a dataset. FBC:GD Term that specifies the dataset component type. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z dataset_entity_type FBcv:0003022 dataset entity type Term that specifies the dataset component type. FBC:GD A set of biological data from a single study. Corresponds to the NCBI bioproject, GEO series or SRA study. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z dataset_entity_type FBcv:0003023 project A set of biological data from a single study. Corresponds to the NCBI bioproject, GEO series or SRA study. FBC:GD Biological source material characterized by an experiment. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z dataset_entity_type FBcv:0003024 biosample Biological source material characterized by an experiment. FBC:GD Quantitative or qualitative assessment of biological source material to measure some attribute. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z dataset_entity_type FBcv:0003025 assay Quantitative or qualitative assessment of biological source material to measure some attribute. FBC:GD Analysis of raw data generated by an assay(s) that makes some conclusion. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z dataset_entity_type FBcv:0003026 result Analysis of raw data generated by an assay(s) that makes some conclusion. FBC:GD A collection of material reagents. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z dataset_entity_type FBcv:0003027 reagent collection A collection of material reagents. FBC:GD The data type content of a dataset. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0003028 dataset data type The data type content of a dataset. FBC:GD The type of project as characterized its data content. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003029 project type The type of project as characterized its data content. FBC:GD A project that groups together related sub-projects. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003030 umbrella project A project that groups together related sub-projects. FBC:GD A project that characterizes an organism's genome sequence. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003031 genome A project that characterizes an organism's genome sequence. FBC:GD A project that characterizes the intraspecific variation of an organism's genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003032 genome variation A project that characterizes the intraspecific variation of an organism's genome. FBC:GD A project that characterizes the occupancy profile of a factor that binds directly or indirectly to the genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003033 genome binding A project that characterizes the occupancy profile of a factor that binds directly or indirectly to the genome. FBC:GD A project that characterizes the set of transcribed RNA sequences expressed by the genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003034 transcriptome A project that characterizes the set of transcribed RNA sequences expressed by the genome. FBC:GD A project that characterizes the set of proteins expressed in an organism. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003035 proteome A project that characterizes the set of proteins expressed in an organism. FBC:GD A project that characterizes the set of inter-molecular interactions in an organism. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003036 interactome A project that characterizes the set of inter-molecular interactions in an organism. FBC:GD A project that characterizes the set of small molecules in an organism. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003037 metabolome A project that characterizes the set of small molecules in an organism. FBC:GD A project that searches for the genes responsible for a particular observable trait. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003038 phenotypic screen A project that searches for the genes responsible for a particular observable trait. FBC:GD A project that searches for chemicals, natural or synthetic, that elicit some biological effect. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003039 chemical screen A project that searches for chemicals, natural or synthetic, that elicit some biological effect. FBC:GD A project that constructs models describing the set of transcripts and polypeptides encoded by some group of genes. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003040 gene model annotation A project that constructs models describing the set of transcripts and polypeptides encoded by some group of genes. FBC:GD A project that reconstructs the evolutionary history of a group of genes or organisms. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003041 phylogenetic analysis A project that reconstructs the evolutionary history of a group of genes or organisms. FBC:GD A project that describes a large material resource that is accessible to the community. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003042 reagent A project that describes a large material resource that is accessible to the community. FBC:GD A project type that is not described by other more specific terms. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_type FBcv:0003043 other A project type that is not described by other more specific terms. FBC:GD The type of biosample as characterized by its biological source material. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_type FBcv:0003044 biosample type The type of biosample as characterized by its biological source material. FBC:GD A biosample that comprises the whole animal. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_type FBcv:0003045 whole organism A biosample that comprises the whole animal. FBC:GD A biosample derived from a multicellular structure comprising similar cells with some specific function, typically isolated by dissection. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_type FBcv:0003046 tissue A biosample derived from a multicellular structure comprising similar cells with some specific function, typically isolated by dissection. FBC:GD A biosample containing dissociated cells isolated from the organism, typically isolated by affinity capture or sorting methods. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_type FBcv:0003047 isolated cells A biosample containing dissociated cells isolated from the organism, typically isolated by affinity capture or sorting methods. FBC:GD A biosample consisting of cells that were isolated from animal tissue and cultured in vitro for a limited amount of time. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_type FBcv:0003048 primary cell line A biosample consisting of cells that were isolated from animal tissue and cultured in vitro for a limited amount of time. FBC:GD A biosample consisting of cells isolated from animal tissue that have acquired the ability to proliferate indefinitely. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_type FBcv:0003049 immortalized cell line A biosample consisting of cells isolated from animal tissue that have acquired the ability to proliferate indefinitely. FBC:GD The type of assay as characterized by its data content. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003050 assay type The type of assay as characterized by its data content. FBC:GD An assay of 5' capped transcripts, using CAGE to biotinylate and isolate the 7-methylguanosine cap, with subsequent characterization by high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003051 CAGE-Seq An assay of 5' capped transcripts, using CAGE to biotinylate and isolate the 7-methylguanosine cap, with subsequent characterization by high-throughput sequencing. FBC:GD A genome binding assay of some factor as characterized by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) of that factor and analysis of co-purifying DNA fragments using genome tiling array. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003052 ChIP-chip A genome binding assay of some factor as characterized by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) of that factor and analysis of co-purifying DNA fragments using genome tiling array. FBC:GD A genome binding assay of some factor as characterized by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) of that factor and high-throughput sequencing of co-purifying DNA fragments. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003053 ChIP-Seq A genome binding assay of some factor as characterized by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) of that factor and high-throughput sequencing of co-purifying DNA fragments. FBC:GD An RNA binding assay of some protein as characterized by cross-linking immunoprecipitation (CLiP) and high-throughput sequencing of co-purifying RNA fragments. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003054 CLiP-Seq An RNA binding assay of some protein as characterized by cross-linking immunoprecipitation (CLiP) and high-throughput sequencing of co-purifying RNA fragments. FBC:GD A genome binding assay of some protein as characterized by creating a fusion to DNA adenine methyltransferase and analysis of methylated DNA sequences by genome tiling array. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003055 DamID-chip A genome binding assay of some protein as characterized by creating a fusion to DNA adenine methyltransferase and analysis of methylated DNA sequences by genome tiling array. FBC:GD A genome binding assay of some protein as characterized by creating a fusion to DNA adenine methyltransferase and analysis of methylated DNA sequences by high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003056 DamID-Seq A genome binding assay of some protein as characterized by creating a fusion to DNA adenine methyltransferase and analysis of methylated DNA sequences by high-throughput sequencing. FBC:GD An assay that characterizes the genome's DNase hypersensitivity using genome tiling array. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003057 DNAse-chip An assay that characterizes the genome's DNase hypersensitivity using genome tiling array. FBC:GD An assay that characterizes the genome's DNase hypersensitivity using high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003058 DNAse-Seq An assay that characterizes the genome's DNase hypersensitivity using high-throughput sequencing. FBC:GD An assay that characterizes transcriptional regulatory elements using formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE) and high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003059 FAIRE-Seq An assay that characterizes transcriptional regulatory elements using formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE) and high-throughput sequencing. FBC:GD An assay that maps the genome-wide position, orientation and amount of transcriptionally engaged RNA polymerase by global run-on sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003060 GRO-Seq An assay that maps the genome-wide position, orientation and amount of transcriptionally engaged RNA polymerase by global run-on sequencing. PMID:19056941 An assay that maps nucleosome positions by using micrococcal nuclease to cleave linker DNA with the subsequent isolation of mononucleosomal DNA fragments that are characterized by genome tiling array. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003061 MNase-chip An assay that maps nucleosome positions by using micrococcal nuclease to cleave linker DNA with the subsequent isolation of mononucleosomal DNA fragments that are characterized by genome tiling array. FBC:GD An assay that maps nucleosome positions by using micrococcal nuclease to cleave linker DNA with the subsequent isolation of mononucleosomal DNA fragments that are characterized by high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003062 MNase-Seq An assay that maps nucleosome positions by using micrococcal nuclease to cleave linker DNA with the subsequent isolation of mononucleosomal DNA fragments that are characterized by high-throughput sequencing. FBC:GD An assay of 5'-capped transcripts using the orthogonal approaches of reverse transcriptase template-switching and cap-trapping, with subsequent characterization by high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003063 RAMPAGE-Seq An assay of 5'-capped transcripts using the orthogonal approaches of reverse transcriptase template-switching and cap-trapping, with subsequent characterization by high-throughput sequencing. PMID:22936248 An assay mapping genomic replication patterns by labeling newly synthesized DNA in vivo with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU), with subsequent affinity purification and characterization by high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003064 Repli-Seq An assay mapping genomic replication patterns by labeling newly synthesized DNA in vivo with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU), with subsequent affinity purification and characterization by high-throughput sequencing. PMID:19966280 Ribosome profiling, an assay in which mRNA fragments protected by ribosomes are isolated and characterized by high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003065 Ribo-Seq Ribosome profiling, an assay in which mRNA fragments protected by ribosomes are isolated and characterized by high-throughput sequencing. PMID:22056041 An assay in which a factor is immunoprecipitated and the associated RNA sequences are characterized by high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003066 RIP-Seq An assay in which a factor is immunoprecipitated and the associated RNA sequences are characterized by high-throughput sequencing. PMID:21051541 Measurement of global transcript abundance by hybridization of cDNA to an oligonucleotide array, in which the array contains a set of probes designed with complementarity to each annotated transcript. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003067 RNA expression microarray Measurement of global transcript abundance by hybridization of cDNA to an oligonucleotide array, in which the array contains a set of probes designed with complementarity to each annotated transcript. FBC:GD A quantitative method for mapping transcribed regions, in which complementary DNA fragments are subjected to high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003068 RNA-Seq A quantitative method for mapping transcribed regions, in which complementary DNA fragments are subjected to high-throughput sequencing. PMID:18451266 Measurement of transcribed regions across the genome by hybridization of cDNA to an oligonucleotide array, in which the genome is represented by oligonucleotides at regularly spaced intervals. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003069 RNA tiling array Measurement of transcribed regions across the genome by hybridization of cDNA to an oligonucleotide array, in which the genome is represented by oligonucleotides at regularly spaced intervals. FBC:GD An assay characterizing of small RNA species 17-35 nt in size by high-throughput sequencing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003070 short RNA-Seq An assay characterizing of small RNA species 17-35 nt in size by high-throughput sequencing. FBC:GD An assay that identifies and characterizes of proteins and their post-translational modifications by mass spectrometry. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003071 protein mass spectrometry An assay that identifies and characterizes of proteins and their post-translational modifications by mass spectrometry. FBC:GD An assay that identifies and characterizes lipids by mass spectrometry. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003072 lipid mass spectrometry An assay that identifies and characterizes lipids by mass spectrometry. FBC:GD An assay that identifies and characterizes complex carbohydrates by mass spectrometry. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003073 carbohydrate mass spectrometry An assay that identifies and characterizes complex carbohydrates by mass spectrometry. FBC:GD An assay that identifies and characterizes small metabolites by mass spectrometry. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003074 metabolite mass spectrometry An assay that identifies and characterizes small metabolites by mass spectrometry. FBC:GD An assay that identifies the molecules that interact with a particular bait factor by mass spectrometry. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003075 affinity purification and mass spectrometry An assay that identifies the molecules that interact with a particular bait factor by mass spectrometry. FBC:GD An assay that tests proteins pairwise for interaction by fusing each to separate, complementary domains of some protein, usually a transcription factor. Upon interaction, the proximity of the complementary domains generates reporter activity. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003076 two hybrid screen An assay that tests proteins pairwise for interaction by fusing each to separate, complementary domains of some protein, usually a transcription factor. Upon interaction, the proximity of the complementary domains generates reporter activity. FBC:GD An assay that uses a panel of RNA interference (RNAi) reagents to systematically knockdown a large set of genes, one at a time, to identify those that are involved in some biological process. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003077 RNAi screen An assay that uses a panel of RNA interference (RNAi) reagents to systematically knockdown a large set of genes, one at a time, to identify those that are involved in some biological process. FBC:GD An assay that uses a panel of deficiencies to systematically delete large segments of the genome to identify those segments that are involved in some biological process. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003078 deficiency screen An assay that uses a panel of deficiencies to systematically delete large segments of the genome to identify those segments that are involved in some biological process. FBC:GD An assay that uses a large set of mutations to identify genes that are involved in some biological process. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003079 genetic screen An assay that uses a large set of mutations to identify genes that are involved in some biological process. FBC:GD An assay that characterizes copy number variation of the genome in a sample using genome tiling array. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003080 comparative genomic hybridization by array An assay that characterizes copy number variation of the genome in a sample using genome tiling array. FBC:GD An assay of genomic sequence that generates a large number of random genomic sequences, typically derived from paired-end sequencing of genomic fragments, that together give a complete (albeit scrambled) representation of the entire genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_type FBcv:0003081 whole genome shotgun sequencing An assay of genomic sequence that generates a large number of random genomic sequences, typically derived from paired-end sequencing of genomic fragments, that together give a complete (albeit scrambled) representation of the entire genome. FBC:GD The type of result as characterized by its data content. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003082 result type The type of result as characterized by its data content. FBC:GD A result that maps the relative position of genetic markers, where distances are measured by recombination frequency. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003083 genetic map A result that maps the relative position of genetic markers, where distances are measured by recombination frequency. FBC:GD A result that maps the relative position of genes and other sequence landmarks. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003084 physical map A result that maps the relative position of genes and other sequence landmarks. FBC:GD A result in which a collection of whole genome shotgun sequences is combined to build successively larger contigs. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003085 whole genome shotgun assembly A result in which a collection of whole genome shotgun sequences is combined to build successively larger contigs. FBC:GD The result of reconstruction of the genome achieved by aligning and merging smaller fragments. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003086 genome assembly The result of reconstruction of the genome achieved by aligning and merging smaller fragments. FBC:GD The result of extensive sequence alignment and merging to produce a genome assembly that serves as the current reference for a particular organism. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003087 reference genome assembly The result of extensive sequence alignment and merging to produce a genome assembly that serves as the current reference for a particular organism. FBC:GD A result that provides the expression values for all (or some subset) of genes in a given biological sample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003088 gene expression profile A result that provides the expression values for all (or some subset) of genes in a given biological sample. FBC:GD A result that profiles expressed RNA-seq sequences along genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003089 RNA-seq profile A result that profiles expressed RNA-seq sequences along genome. FBC:GD A result that profiles the genome occupancy for some factor. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003090 genome binding profile A result that profiles the genome occupancy for some factor. FBC:GD A result of Ribo-seq analysis that profiles ribosome protected sequences along the genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003091 mRNA translation profile A result of Ribo-seq analysis that profiles ribosome protected sequences along the genome. FBC:GD An analysis that results in the identification of discrete transcription start site regions. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003092 TSS identification An analysis that results in the identification of discrete transcription start site regions. FBC:GD An analysis that results in the identification of discrete polyadenylation sites. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003093 poly(A) site identification An analysis that results in the identification of discrete polyadenylation sites. FBC:GD An analysis that results in the identification of discrete exon junctions. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003094 exon junction identification An analysis that results in the identification of discrete exon junctions. FBC:GD An analysis that results in the identification of discrete A-to-I RNA editing sites. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003095 editing site identification An analysis that results in the identification of discrete A-to-I RNA editing sites. FBC:GD An analysis that results in the identification of discrete DNA or RNA binding sites. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003096 binding site identification An analysis that results in the identification of discrete DNA or RNA binding sites. FBC:GD An analysis that results from the comparison of expression profiles for different conditions to identify genes that are regulated by those conditions. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003097 differential gene expression analysis An analysis that results from the comparison of expression profiles for different conditions to identify genes that are regulated by those conditions. FBC:GD The analysis of a gene expression profiles to define sets of genes that share similar expression characteristics. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003098 expression clustering The analysis of a gene expression profiles to define sets of genes that share similar expression characteristics. FBC:GD A result that represents a set of genes that share similar expression characteristics across some set of conditions. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003099 expression cluster A result that represents a set of genes that share similar expression characteristics across some set of conditions. FBC:GD A result that represents a set of genes that have some shared characteristic. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003100 gene list A result that represents a set of genes that have some shared characteristic. FBC:GD A result that represents a set of protein-protein interactions for a given sample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003101 protein-protein interaction A result that represents a set of protein-protein interactions for a given sample. FBC:GD A result that represents a set of RNA-protein interactions for a given sample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003102 RNA-protein interaction A result that represents a set of RNA-protein interactions for a given sample. FBC:GD A result that represents a set of RNA-RNA interactions for a given sample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003103 RNA-RNA interaction A result that represents a set of RNA-RNA interactions for a given sample. FBC:GD A result that represents a set of small molecules identified for a given sample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003104 metabolite profile A result that represents a set of small molecules identified for a given sample. FBC:GD A result that represents the range of phenotypes obtained for a set of genetic perturbations. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003105 phenotypic profile A result that represents the range of phenotypes obtained for a set of genetic perturbations. FBC:GD A result that represents the copy number variation across the genome for a given sample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003106 genomic copy number profile A result that represents the copy number variation across the genome for a given sample. FBC:GD A result that represents the mapping of coordinates between two different genome assemblies for a given species. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003107 liftover file A result that represents the mapping of coordinates between two different genome assemblies for a given species. FBC:GD A result that is produced from the detailed examination of data to come to some conclusion. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_type FBcv:0003108 analysis A result that is produced from the detailed examination of data to come to some conclusion. FBC:GD The type of reagent collection as characterized by the material resources comprised by the collection. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003109 reagent collection type The type of reagent collection as characterized by the material resources comprised by the collection. FBC:GD A collection of large chromosomal aberrations, available as fly stocks, which may include duplications, deletions, inversions or translocations. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003110 aberration stock collection A collection of large chromosomal aberrations, available as fly stocks, which may include duplications, deletions, inversions or translocations. FBC:GD A collection of alleles that are available as fly stocks. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003111 allele collection A collection of alleles that are available as fly stocks. FBC:GD A collection of cDNAs available as plasmids. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003112 cDNA library A collection of cDNAs available as plasmids. FBC:GD A collection of transgenic constructs that are available as fly stocks. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003113 construct collection A collection of transgenic constructs that are available as fly stocks. FBC:GD A collection of PCR products used for the synthesis of double-stranded RNA to induce RNA-interference. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003114 dsRNA amplicon collection A collection of PCR products used for the synthesis of double-stranded RNA to induce RNA-interference. FBC:GD A collection of transgenic constructs, available as fly stocks, designed to target gene knockdown by RNA-interference. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003115 RNAi construct collection A collection of transgenic constructs, available as fly stocks, designed to target gene knockdown by RNA-interference. FBC:GD A collection of genomic DNA clones available as plasmids. This may include BAC, YAC, fosmid, cosmid and P1 clone collections. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003116 genomic clone collection A collection of genomic DNA clones available as plasmids. This may include BAC, YAC, fosmid, cosmid and P1 clone collections. FBC:GD A collection of wild-type fly strains. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003117 fly strain collection A collection of wild-type fly strains. FBC:GD A collection of transgenic construct insertions available as fly stocks. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003118 transgenic insertion collection A collection of transgenic construct insertions available as fly stocks. FBC:GD A collection of transposable element insertions available as fly stocks. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003119 TE insertion stock collection A collection of transposable element insertions available as fly stocks. FBC:GD A collection of hybridization targets on a microarray. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z reagent_collection_type FBcv:0003120 microarray library A collection of hybridization targets on a microarray. FBC:GD A descriptor that describes some aspect of a dataset. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0003121 dataset attribute A descriptor that describes some aspect of a dataset. FBC:GD A descriptor that describes some aspect of a project. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003122 project attribute A descriptor that describes some aspect of a project. FBC:GD The aim of the project investigation, as defined by the key variables in the set of experiments. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003123 study design The aim of the project investigation, as defined by the key variables in the set of experiments. FBC:GD A project study design that aims to compare different species. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003124 species study A project study design that aims to compare different species. FBC:GD A project study design that aims to compare different wild-type strains for a given species. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003125 strain study A project study design that aims to compare different wild-type strains for a given species. FBC:GD A project study design that aims to characterize the biological mechanisms responsible for the development or maintenance of the sex-related properties of an organism. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003126 sex study A project study design that aims to characterize the biological mechanisms responsible for the development or maintenance of the sex-related properties of an organism. FBC:CT A project study design investigating the biological mechanisms responsible for the control or maintenance of development. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003127 developmental stage study A project study design investigating the biological mechanisms responsible for the control or maintenance of development. FBC:CT A project study design investigating the biological mechanisms responsible for the control or maintenance of circadian rhythm. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003128 circadian rhythm study A project study design investigating the biological mechanisms responsible for the control or maintenance of circadian rhythm. FBC:CT A project study design investigating the biological mechanisms of the cell responsible for maintaining or controlling aspects of the cell cycle. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003129 cell cycle study A project study design investigating the biological mechanisms of the cell responsible for maintaining or controlling aspects of the cell cycle. FBC:CT A project study design investigating the biological mechanisms of intact or dissected tissues in order to understand their form or function. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003130 tissue type study A project study design investigating the biological mechanisms of intact or dissected tissues in order to understand their form or function. FBC:CT A project study design involving the use of cultured or extracted cells with an investigative focus of studying a cellular property. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003131 cell type study A project study design involving the use of cultured or extracted cells with an investigative focus of studying a cellular property. FBC:CT A project study design examining subcellular components of cells including organelles, the nucleus, or any other grouping of intra- or extracellular material. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003132 subcellular component study A project study design examining subcellular components of cells including organelles, the nucleus, or any other grouping of intra- or extracellular material. FBC:CT A project study design in which the goal of the study is to examine properties of a specific gene or set of genes. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003133 gene study A project study design in which the goal of the study is to examine properties of a specific gene or set of genes. FBC:CT A project study design investigating the effects of a biotic stimulus on some aspect of an organism. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003134 biotic stimulus study A project study design investigating the effects of a biotic stimulus on some aspect of an organism. FBC:CT A project study design investigating the effects of a chemical stimulus on some aspect of an organism. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003135 chemical stimulus study A project study design investigating the effects of a chemical stimulus on some aspect of an organism. FBC:CT A project study design investigating the effects of a physical stimulus on some aspect of an organism. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z project_attribute FBcv:0003136 physical stimulus study A project study design investigating the effects of a physical stimulus on some aspect of an organism. FBC:CT Characteristics pertaining to the growth conditions, treatments and tissue isolation methods used to generate and obtain a biosample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003137 biosample attribute Characteristics pertaining to the growth conditions, treatments and tissue isolation methods used to generate and obtain a biosample. FBC:GD The scope and purity of a biosample, ranging from single cell to environmental sample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003138 biosample scope The scope and purity of a biosample, ranging from single cell to environmental sample. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK54364/ A biosample that is derived from only a single cell. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003139 single cell sample A biosample that is derived from only a single cell. FBC:CT A biosample that is derived from one individual. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003140 single individual sample A biosample that is derived from one individual. FBC:CT A biosample that is derived from multiple individuals. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003141 multi-individual sample A biosample that is derived from multiple individuals. FBC:CT A biosample that is derived from multiple species. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003142 multispecies sample A biosample that is derived from multiple species. FBC:CT A biosample derived from an environmental sample for which the species content is unknown. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003143 environmental A biosample derived from an environmental sample for which the species content is unknown. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK54364/ A biosample that was synthesized in a laboratory. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003144 artificial A biosample that was synthesized in a laboratory. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK54364/ A sample that originated from a wild caught population and is considered true wild type. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003145 wild caught A sample that originated from a wild caught population and is considered true wild type. FBC:CT Growth conditions and treatments used to culture the organism prior to biosample isolation. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003146 growth condition Growth conditions and treatments used to culture the organism prior to biosample isolation. FBC:GD An inbred strain is subjected to artificial laboratory selection of some trait over the course of several generations. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003147 trait selection An inbred strain is subjected to artificial laboratory selection of some trait over the course of several generations. FBC:GD A sample that is derived from a controlled mating between individuals of two specific species. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003148 interspecific hybrid A sample that is derived from a controlled mating between individuals of two specific species. FBC:CT A sample in which the individuals have undergone mating. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003149 mated A sample in which the individuals have undergone mating. FBC:CT A sample in which the individuals have not undergone mating. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003150 virgin A sample in which the individuals have not undergone mating. FBC:CT A sample that is maintained in conditions comparable to constant darkness. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003151 constant dark A sample that is maintained in conditions comparable to constant darkness. FBC:CT A sample that is maintained in conditions comparable to constant light. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003152 constant light A sample that is maintained in conditions comparable to constant light. FBC:CT A sample that is maintained in conditions with a specific cycle that included exposure to both light and darkness. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003153 light-dark cycle A sample that is maintained in conditions with a specific cycle that included exposure to both light and darkness. FBC:CT A sample that is derived from a primary cell culture. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003154 primary cell culture A sample that is derived from a primary cell culture. FBC:CT Characteristics pertaining to the cell culture conditions used to generate the biosample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003155 cell culture property Characteristics pertaining to the cell culture conditions used to generate the biosample. FBC:GD A sample that contains a transfected agent which is not incorporated into the genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003156 transiently transfected cell line A sample that contains a transfected agent which is not incorporated into the genome. FBC:CT A sample that contains a transfected agent which has been stably incorporated into the genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003157 stably transfected cell line A sample that contains a transfected agent which has been stably incorporated into the genome. FBC:CT A sample that is derived from a population of cells undergoing a log phase of division. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003158 log phase cells A sample that is derived from a population of cells undergoing a log phase of division. FBC:CT A sample that is derived from a population of cells undergoing a stationary phase of division. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003159 stationary phase cells A sample that is derived from a population of cells undergoing a stationary phase of division. FBC:CT A sample that is derived from a population of cells undergoing cell cycle division in a synchronized manner. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003160 cell cycle synchronized cells A sample that is derived from a population of cells undergoing cell cycle division in a synchronized manner. FBC:CT The cells that are grown in liquid culture. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003161 suspension culture The cells that are grown in liquid culture. FBC:GD The cells that are grown on plates. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003162 adherent culture The cells that are grown on plates. FBC:GD The conditioned medium containing factors secreted by cultured cells that has been isolated. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003163 culture supernatant The conditioned medium containing factors secreted by cultured cells that has been isolated. FBC:GD Methods pertaining to the experimental treatment or isolation of a biosample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003164 biosample method Methods pertaining to the experimental treatment or isolation of a biosample. FBC:GD A sample that has undergone a disruption to the activity of one of its genes. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003165 gene perturbation A sample that has undergone a disruption to the activity of one of its genes. FBC:GD Treatment of an organism with a biological stimulus, such as an infectious or parasitic agent. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003166 biotic treatment Treatment of an organism with a biological stimulus, such as an infectious or parasitic agent. FBC:GD A sample that has been exposed to one or more forms of chemical agent. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003167 chemical treatment A sample that has been exposed to one or more forms of chemical agent. FBC:CT A sample that has been exposed to changes in the physical environment including temperature, pressure and radiation. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003168 physical treatment A sample that has been exposed to changes in the physical environment including temperature, pressure and radiation. FBC:GD A sample that has been dissected from the tissue of a more complete organism. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003169 tissue dissection A sample that has been dissected from the tissue of a more complete organism. FBC:CT A single cell type that has been isolated by affinity purification or fluorescent cell sorting. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003170 cell isolation A single cell type that has been isolated by affinity purification or fluorescent cell sorting. FBC:GD A sample that has undergone fractionation in order to isolate specific subcellular components for study. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003171 subcellular fractionation A sample that has undergone fractionation in order to isolate specific subcellular components for study. FBC:CT A sample in which specific cells within a tissue have been ablated by some method, such as targeted expression of a cell toxin, or laser ablation of fluorescently marked cells. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003172 cell ablation A sample in which specific cells within a tissue have been ablated by some method, such as targeted expression of a cell toxin, or laser ablation of fluorescently marked cells. FBC:GD A sample that has been labelled in a targeted, cell-specific manner. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003173 targeted cell labeling A sample that has been labelled in a targeted, cell-specific manner. FBC:CT Neuronal activity that has been perturbed using genetically controlled agents to activate or depress membrane potential. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z biosample_attribute FBcv:0003174 neuronal activity perturbation Neuronal activity that has been perturbed using genetically controlled agents to activate or depress membrane potential. FBC:GD Some characteristic of an assay pertaining to the methods involved in processing the biological source material or generating the raw output data of the assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003175 assay attribute Some characteristic of an assay pertaining to the methods involved in processing the biological source material or generating the raw output data of the assay. FBC:GD A type of biomolecule that is isolated from a biosample and characterized by downstream steps in an assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003176 assay material A type of biomolecule that is isolated from a biosample and characterized by downstream steps in an assay. FBC:GD Material that is derived from isolation of genomic DNA. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003177 genomic DNA isolation Material that is derived from isolation of genomic DNA. FBC:CT Material that is derived from isolation of the total RNA. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003178 total RNA isolation Material that is derived from isolation of the total RNA. FBC:CT Material that is derived from the isolation of RNA containing a poly(A) tail. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003179 poly(A) RNA isolation Material that is derived from the isolation of RNA containing a poly(A) tail. FBC:CT The isolation of small RNA species 17-35 nt in size. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003180 short RNA isolation The isolation of small RNA species 17-35 nt in size. FBC:GD Material that is derived from the isolation of translated messenger RNA. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003181 translated mRNA isolation Material that is derived from the isolation of translated messenger RNA. FBC:CT Material that is derived from the isolation of proteins. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003182 protein isolation Material that is derived from the isolation of proteins. FBC:CT Material that is derived from the isolation of chromatin and its subcellular components and/or binding partners. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003183 chromatin isolation Material that is derived from the isolation of chromatin and its subcellular components and/or binding partners. FBC:CT Isolation of RNA-protein complexes. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003184 RNA-protein isolation Isolation of RNA-protein complexes. FBC:GD Material that is derived from the isolation of metabolites. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003185 metabolite isolation Material that is derived from the isolation of metabolites. FBC:CT The biosample that is depleted of specific biomolecule types before further processing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003186 assay material depletion The biosample that is depleted of specific biomolecule types before further processing. FBC:GD Material that has undergone the depletion of ribosomal RNA. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003187 rRNA depletion Material that has undergone the depletion of ribosomal RNA. FBC:CT Material that has undergone the depletion of single-stranded RNA. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003188 ssRNA depletion Material that has undergone the depletion of single-stranded RNA. FBC:CT Material that has undergone the depletion of double-stranded RNA. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003189 dsRNA depletion Material that has undergone the depletion of double-stranded RNA. FBC:CT Material that has undergone the depletion of unbound RNA. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003190 unbound RNA depletion Material that has undergone the depletion of unbound RNA. FBC:CT The biosample that is enriched for a specific biomolecule type for further processing. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003191 assay material selection The biosample that is enriched for a specific biomolecule type for further processing. FBC:GD Material that has been selected using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, or ChIP. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003192 ChIP Material that has been selected using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, or ChIP. FBC:CT Material that has been selected using DNA Adenine Methyltransferase Identification, or DamID. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003193 DamID Material that has been selected using DNA Adenine Methyltransferase Identification, or DamID. FBC:CT Material that has been selected using formaldehyde-assisted isolation of Regulatory Elements or FAIRE. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003194 FAIRE Material that has been selected using formaldehyde-assisted isolation of Regulatory Elements or FAIRE. FBC:CT Material that has been selected using Cap Analysis Gene Expression, in which the 7-methylguanosine cap at 5' transcript ends is biotinylated and affinity purified. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003195 CAGE Material that has been selected using Cap Analysis Gene Expression, in which the 7-methylguanosine cap at 5' transcript ends is biotinylated and affinity purified. PMID:16489339 Chromatin that has been cleaved using micrococcal nuclease to cleave at linker DNA between nucleosomes. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003196 MNase Chromatin that has been cleaved using micrococcal nuclease to cleave at linker DNA between nucleosomes. FBC:GD Material that has been selected from a sample treated by deoxyribonuclease. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003197 DNase Material that has been selected from a sample treated by deoxyribonuclease. FBC:CT Material that has been selected using a low salt chromatin extraction, typically 80mM. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003198 low salt chromatin extraction Material that has been selected using a low salt chromatin extraction, typically 80mM. FBC:CT Material that has been selected using a high salt chromatin extraction, typically 600mM. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003199 high salt chromatin extraction Material that has been selected using a high salt chromatin extraction, typically 600mM. FBC:CT Mononucleosomal fragments, generated by micrococcal nuclease cleavage at linker DNA between nucleosomes, that have been isolated by gel electrophoresis. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003200 mononucleosomal DNA isolation Mononucleosomal fragments, generated by micrococcal nuclease cleavage at linker DNA between nucleosomes, that have been isolated by gel electrophoresis. FBC:GD Material that has been selected using affinity purification. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003201 affinity purification Material that has been selected using affinity purification. FBC:CT Material that has been selected using size fractionation. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003202 size fractionation Material that has been selected using size fractionation. FBC:CT Material that has been selected using short sequences of deoxy-thymine nucleotides to affinity purify RNA containing long polyA stretches. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003203 oligo-dT selection Material that has been selected using short sequences of deoxy-thymine nucleotides to affinity purify RNA containing long polyA stretches. FBC:CT Material that has been selected using short sequences of deoxy-thymine nucleotides to prime first strand cDNA synthesis by reverse transcriptase at long polyA stretches. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003204 oligo-dT priming Material that has been selected using short sequences of deoxy-thymine nucleotides to prime first strand cDNA synthesis by reverse transcriptase at long polyA stretches. FBC:CT Random oligomers that have been used to prime first strand cDNA synthesis by reverse transcriptase at random positions along transcripts. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003205 random priming Random oligomers that have been used to prime first strand cDNA synthesis by reverse transcriptase at random positions along transcripts. FBC:GD Material that has been selected based on density via density sedimentation. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003206 density sedimentation Material that has been selected based on density via density sedimentation. FBC:CT Nucleotide analogs that are used to map the position and orientation of the RNA polymerase active site. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003207 nuclear run-on Nucleotide analogs that are used to map the position and orientation of the RNA polymerase active site. FBC:GD A method used to characterize the biological molecules isolated from a biosample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003208 assay method A method used to characterize the biological molecules isolated from a biosample. FBC:GD A method that uses Sanger sequencing for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003209 Sanger sequencing A method that uses Sanger sequencing for this assay. FBC:CT A method that uses single molecule sequencing, by highly processive DNA polymerase to generate an extremely long single read on the order of several kilobases, for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003210 single molecule real time sequencing A method that uses single molecule sequencing, by highly processive DNA polymerase to generate an extremely long single read on the order of several kilobases, for this assay. FBC:GD A method that uses high-throughput sequencing for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003211 high-throughput sequencing A method that uses high-throughput sequencing for this assay. FBC:CT A method that uses 454 sequencing, a form of high-throughput sequencing with 400-500 nt read length, for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003212 454 sequencing A method that uses 454 sequencing, a form of high-throughput sequencing with 400-500 nt read length, for this assay. FBC:CT A method that uses Illumina sequencing, a form of high-throughput sequencing, for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003213 Illumina sequencing A method that uses Illumina sequencing, a form of high-throughput sequencing, for this assay. FBC:CT A method that uses an Affymetrix Gene Expression Array, version 1, for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003214 Affymetrix Gene Expression Array 1 A method that uses an Affymetrix Gene Expression Array, version 1, for this assay. FBC:CT FBC:GD A method that uses an Affymetrix Gene Expression Array, version 2, for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003215 Affymetrix Gene Expression Array 2 A method that uses an Affymetrix Gene Expression Array, version 2, for this assay. FBC:CT A method that uses a genomic tiling array, a subtype of microarray chip in which the genome is represented by oligonucleotides at regularly spaced intervals, for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003216 genomic tiling array A method that uses a genomic tiling array, a subtype of microarray chip in which the genome is represented by oligonucleotides at regularly spaced intervals, for this assay. FBC:CT A method that uses a peptide array, a subtype of microarray chip, for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003217 peptide array A method that uses a peptide array, a subtype of microarray chip, for this assay. FBC:CT A method that uses mass spectrometry, an analytical technique for sorting ions based on mass, for this assay. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003218 mass spectrometry A method that uses mass spectrometry, an analytical technique for sorting ions based on mass, for this assay. FBC:CT A method that uses two samples, one a control and the other an experimental sample, for this assay. The samples are labeled in different colors and hybridized to the same oligonucleotide array. Each sample is scanned using different excitation and emission parameters. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003219 two channel scanning A method that uses two samples, one a control and the other an experimental sample, for this assay. The samples are labeled in different colors and hybridized to the same oligonucleotide array. Each sample is scanned using different excitation and emission parameters. FBC:GD A method that uses an RNA-seq assay in which only one end of the library fragment is sequenced. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003220 single-end layout A method that uses an RNA-seq assay in which only one end of the library fragment is sequenced. FBC:GD A method that uses an RNA-seq assay in which both ends of the library fragment are sequenced to provide additional mapping constraints. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003221 paired-end layout A method that uses an RNA-seq assay in which both ends of the library fragment are sequenced to provide additional mapping constraints. FBC:GD Some characteristic of a result pertaining to the methods involved in analyzing the input data, or the content or format of the output data. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003222 result attribute Some characteristic of a result pertaining to the methods involved in analyzing the input data, or the content or format of the output data. FBC:GD A genomic mapping profile that distinguishes forward and reverse strand distributions. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003223 stranded profile A genomic mapping profile that distinguishes forward and reverse strand distributions. FBC:GD A genomic mapping profile that does not distinguish between forward and reverse strand mapping. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003224 unstranded profile A genomic mapping profile that does not distinguish between forward and reverse strand mapping. FBC:GD An alignment of high-throughput sequences that includes only those reads mapping uniquely to the genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003225 uniquely mapping read alignment An alignment of high-throughput sequences that includes only those reads mapping uniquely to the genome. FBC:GD An alignment of high-throughput sequences that includes reads mapping to multiple sites in the genome. Coverage values for a given sequence weighted equally across the multiple sites to which it maps. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003226 multiply mapping read alignment An alignment of high-throughput sequences that includes reads mapping to multiple sites in the genome. Coverage values for a given sequence weighted equally across the multiple sites to which it maps. FBC:GD A unit of expression (reads per kilobase per million reads) in which high-throughput sequencing reads mapping to a given feature are normalized both to the size of that feature and to the total number of reads in the sample. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003227 RPKM calculation A unit of expression (reads per kilobase per million reads) in which high-throughput sequencing reads mapping to a given feature are normalized both to the size of that feature and to the total number of reads in the sample. FBC:GD A unit of expression (reads per million miRNA reads) in which high-throughput sequencing reads for a given miRNA are normalized against all reads mapping to all miRNA. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003228 RPMM calculation A unit of expression (reads per million miRNA reads) in which high-throughput sequencing reads for a given miRNA are normalized against all reads mapping to all miRNA. FBC:GD A unit of expression (reads per million reads) in which high-throughput sequencing reads for a given type of feature are normalized against all reads mapping to all features of the same type. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003229 RPM calculation A unit of expression (reads per million reads) in which high-throughput sequencing reads for a given type of feature are normalized against all reads mapping to all features of the same type. FBC:GD Sequencing the full extent of selected large clones, typically by sub-cloning large inserts as smaller fragments, to improve the accuracy and completeness of an assembly. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003230 clone-based finishing Sequencing the full extent of selected large clones, typically by sub-cloning large inserts as smaller fragments, to improve the accuracy and completeness of an assembly. FlyBase:FBrf0155823 Mapping of restriction enzyme recognition sites to develop a physical map of a genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003231 restriction fingerprinting Mapping of restriction enzyme recognition sites to develop a physical map of a genome. FBC:GD Mapping of short (200-500 bp) sequence-tagged sites (STS) landmarks to develop a physical map of a genome. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003232 sequence tagged site mapping Mapping of short (200-500 bp) sequence-tagged sites (STS) landmarks to develop a physical map of a genome. FBC:GD An ordered list of a minimal set of overlapping clones that provides complete coverage across an assembly. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003233 tiling path An ordered list of a minimal set of overlapping clones that provides complete coverage across an assembly. FBC:GD Sequences that have been mapped to mitotic or polytene chromosomes to guide genome assembly. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003234 cytogenetic mapping Sequences that have been mapped to mitotic or polytene chromosomes to guide genome assembly. FBC:GD There is sequence for one or more chromosomes. This could be a completely sequenced chromosome without gaps or a chromosome containing scaffolds or contigs with gaps between them. There may also be unplaced or unlocalized scaffolds. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003235 assembly level - chromosome There is sequence for one or more chromosomes. This could be a completely sequenced chromosome without gaps or a chromosome containing scaffolds or contigs with gaps between them. There may also be unplaced or unlocalized scaffolds. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/help/ Some sequence contigs have been connected across gaps to create scaffolds, but no scaffolds have been placed on chromosomes. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003236 assembly level - scaffold Some sequence contigs have been connected across gaps to create scaffolds, but no scaffolds have been placed on chromosomes. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/help/ The assembly represents the whole genome, though there may still be gaps. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003237 genome representation - full The assembly represents the whole genome, though there may still be gaps. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/help/ The assembly represents only part of the organism's genome, because only a single chromosome was targeted, coverage is <1, or total length is less than half the average for other assemblies of the same species. mmc46 2016-02-24T19:19:21Z result_attribute FBcv:0003238 genome representation - partial The assembly represents only part of the organism's genome, because only a single chromosome was targeted, coverage is <1, or total length is less than half the average for other assemblies of the same species. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/help/ Sequence change caused by the cleavage of specific DNA sequences by zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs). ZFN proteins comprise a DNA binding domain linked to the DNA cleavage domain of FokI endonuclease. The DNA binding domain is composed of three Cys2His2 zinc fingers, with each zinc finger contacting three consecutive base pairs of DNA. The specificity of the binding is determined by the sequence of the three-zinc finger DNA binding domain, which recognizes a 9 base pair sequence. Cleavage requires dimerization of FokI. The endonuclease is directed to a target region by a pair of ZFNs which bind to sequences in close proximity, allowing dimerization and promoting cleavage. mmc46 2016-04-06T10:22:52Z change induced by zinc finger nuclease-mediated cleavage origin_of_mutation zinc finger nuclease FBcv:0003239 ZFN Sequence change caused by the cleavage of specific DNA sequences by zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs). ZFN proteins comprise a DNA binding domain linked to the DNA cleavage domain of FokI endonuclease. The DNA binding domain is composed of three Cys2His2 zinc fingers, with each zinc finger contacting three consecutive base pairs of DNA. The specificity of the binding is determined by the sequence of the three-zinc finger DNA binding domain, which recognizes a 9 base pair sequence. Cleavage requires dimerization of FokI. The endonuclease is directed to a target region by a pair of ZFNs which bind to sequences in close proximity, allowing dimerization and promoting cleavage. PMID:10954606 PMID:12730594 PMID:8577732 mmc46 2016-05-17T15:35:41Z assay_attribute FBcv:0003240 expression array Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of light stimulus (GO:0050953). 'sensory perception of light stimulus' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050953' phenotypic_class FBcv:0004000 visual perception defective Phenotype that is a defect in sensory perception of light stimulus (GO:0050953). 'sensory perception of light stimulus' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0050953' FBC:MMC Sequence change caused by a site specific recombination catalyzed by the serine recombinase Bxb1 integrase that recognizes a minimal high-efficiency attPX recognition site of 48 base pairs and a minimal high-efficiency attBX recognition site of 38 base pairs. The attPX and attBX sites share an 8bp common core flanked by imperfect inverted repeats (19bp in attPX and 8bp in attBX). A non-palindromic central dinucleotide (5'-GT) determines the directionality of integration. temj2 2017-06-12T10:56:07Z change induced by Bxb1 integrase recombination origin_of_mutation FBcv:0005000 Bxb1 integrase Sequence change caused by a site specific recombination catalyzed by the serine recombinase Bxb1 integrase that recognizes a minimal high-efficiency attPX recognition site of 48 base pairs and a minimal high-efficiency attBX recognition site of 38 base pairs. The attPX and attBX sites share an 8bp common core flanked by imperfect inverted repeats (19bp in attPX and 8bp in attBX). A non-palindromic central dinucleotide (5'-GT) determines the directionality of integration. PMID:14636570 Term that describes the use of an experimental tool. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0005001 experimental tool descriptor Term that describes the use of an experimental tool. FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific property that facilitates detection of that gene product by an experimental method. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor gene product detection tag FBcv:0005002 gene product detection tool Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific property that facilitates detection of that gene product by an experimental method. FBC:GM gene product detection tag FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of the RNA product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific property that facilitates detection of that RNA product by an experimental method. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor RNA detection tag FBcv:0005003 RNA detection tool Sequence that forms all or part of the RNA product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific property that facilitates detection of that RNA product by an experimental method. FBC:GM RNA detection tag FBC:TJ Sequence that forms all or part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific property that facilitates detection of that protein product by an experimental method. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor protein detection tag FBcv:0005004 protein detection tool Sequence that forms all or part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific property that facilitates detection of that protein product by an experimental method. FBC:GM protein detection tag FBC:TJ Sequence that forms all or part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that encodes an enzyme whose activity can be used to detect the presence of that protein product. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z MI:0365 experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005005 reporter enzyme Sequence that forms all or part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that encodes an enzyme whose activity can be used to detect the presence of that protein product. FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that exhibits the property of fluorescence, that can be used to detect the presence of that protein product. A fluorescent protein emits light following the absorption of radiation, with the wavelength of the emitted light being longer than the excitation wavelength of the absorbed radiation. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z MI:0687 experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005006 fluorescent protein Sequence that forms all or part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that exhibits the property of fluorescence, that can be used to detect the presence of that protein product. A fluorescent protein emits light following the absorption of radiation, with the wavelength of the emitted light being longer than the excitation wavelength of the absorbed radiation. FBC:GM Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 499-519nm. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005007 green fluorescent protein Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 499-519nm. FBC:GM http://blog.addgene.org/which-fluorescent-protein-should-i-use Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 424-467nm. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005008 blue fluorescent protein Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 424-467nm. FBC:GM http://blog.addgene.org/which-fluorescent-protein-should-i-use Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 474-492nm. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z MI:0733 experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005009 cyan fluorescent protein Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 474-492nm. FBC:GM http://blog.addgene.org/which-fluorescent-protein-should-i-use Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 524-538nm. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z MI:0368 experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005010 yellow fluorescent protein Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 524-538nm. FBC:GM http://blog.addgene.org/which-fluorescent-protein-should-i-use Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 559-572nm. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005011 orange fluorescent protein Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 559-572nm. FBC:GM http://blog.addgene.org/which-fluorescent-protein-should-i-use Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 574-610nm. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z MI:0732 experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005012 red fluorescent protein Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 574-610nm. FBC:GM http://blog.addgene.org/which-fluorescent-protein-should-i-use Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 625-659nm. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005013 far-red fluorescent protein Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak within the wavelength range of 625-659nm. FBC:GM http://blog.addgene.org/which-fluorescent-protein-should-i-use Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak equal or greater than 670nm. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005014 infra-red fluorescent protein Protein having well characterized fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, with an emission peak equal or greater than 670nm. FBC:GM http://blog.addgene.org/which-fluorescent-protein-should-i-use A fluorescent protein whose spectral properties are changeable, resulting from a reversible or irreversible change in fluorophore conformation. Changes in fluorophore conformation may occur either as a function of time (in the case of fluorescent timer proteins), or in response to an external trigger such as irradiation with a specific wavelength of light (in the case of photomodulatable fluorescent proteins). temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005015 modulatable fluorescent protein A fluorescent protein whose spectral properties are changeable, resulting from a reversible or irreversible change in fluorophore conformation. Changes in fluorophore conformation may occur either as a function of time (in the case of fluorescent timer proteins), or in response to an external trigger such as irradiation with a specific wavelength of light (in the case of photomodulatable fluorescent proteins). FBC:TEMJ A fluorescent protein whose spectral properties can be modulated by exposure to light of a specific wavelength, triggering a conformational change of the fluorophore and subsequent change in fluorescent state. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005016 photomodulatable fluorescent protein A fluorescent protein whose spectral properties can be modulated by exposure to light of a specific wavelength, triggering a conformational change of the fluorophore and subsequent change in fluorescent state. FBC:TEMJ PMID:20539741 A protein that can be switched from an essentially non-fluorescent state to a fluorescent state by irradiation with a pulse of light of a specific wavelength. This activation is irreversible. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005017 photoactivatable fluorescent protein A protein that can be switched from an essentially non-fluorescent state to a fluorescent state by irradiation with a pulse of light of a specific wavelength. This activation is irreversible. FBC:GM http://www.leica-microsystems.com/science-lab/photoactivatable-photoconvertable-and-photoswitchable-fluorescent-proteins/ A protein that can be converted from one fluorescent state to another fluorescent state (with a changed emission spectrum peak) by irradiation with a pulse of light of a specific wavelength. This conversion is irreversible. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005018 photoconvertible fluorescent protein A protein that can be converted from one fluorescent state to another fluorescent state (with a changed emission spectrum peak) by irradiation with a pulse of light of a specific wavelength. This conversion is irreversible. FBC:GM http://www.leica-microsystems.com/science-lab/photoactivatable-photoconvertable-and-photoswitchable-fluorescent-proteins/ A protein that can be reversibly switched between a non-fluorescent state and a fluorescent state, or between two different fluorescent states. The switch from one state to the other is triggered by irradiation with a pulse of light of a specific wavelength, and the switch back to the original state is triggered with a pulse of light of another specific wavelength. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005019 photoswitchable fluorescent protein A protein that can be reversibly switched between a non-fluorescent state and a fluorescent state, or between two different fluorescent states. The switch from one state to the other is triggered by irradiation with a pulse of light of a specific wavelength, and the switch back to the original state is triggered with a pulse of light of another specific wavelength. FBC:GM FBC:TEMJ http://www.leica-microsystems.com/science-lab/photoactivatable-photoconvertable-and-photoswitchable-fluorescent-proteins/ A protein that converts from one fluorescent state to another fluorescent state (with a changed emission spectrum peak) over time. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005020 fluorescent timer protein A protein that converts from one fluorescent state to another fluorescent state (with a changed emission spectrum peak) over time. FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that encodes an epitope that can be used to detect the presence of the tagged protein product. An epitope (SO:0001018) is defined as 'A binding site that, in the molecule, interacts selectively and non-covalently with antibodies, B cells or T cells.' temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005021 epitope tag Sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that encodes an epitope that can be used to detect the presence of the tagged protein product. An epitope (SO:0001018) is defined as 'A binding site that, in the molecule, interacts selectively and non-covalently with antibodies, B cells or T cells.' FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged gene product either to a specific subcellular location within the cell or for secretion to the extracellular space. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005022 gene product localization tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged gene product either to a specific subcellular location within the cell or for secretion to the extracellular space. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein either to a specific subcellular location within the cell or for secretion to the extracellular space. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z SO:0001527 experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005023 protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein either to a specific subcellular location within the cell or for secretion to the extracellular space. FBC:GM http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Target_peptide A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the nucleus. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005024 nuclear protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the nucleus. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the mitochondrion. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005025 mitochondrial protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the mitochondrion. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the peroxisome. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005026 peroxisomal protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the peroxisome. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the centrosome. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005027 centrosome protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the centrosome. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the microtubule. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005028 microtubule protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the microtubule. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the endoplasmic reticulum. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005029 endoplasmic reticulum protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the endoplasmic reticulum. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the Golgi apparatus. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005030 Golgi protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the Golgi apparatus. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to a cellular membrane. The membrane targeting sequence may be an intrinsic component of the membrane (GO:0031224), having some covalently attached portion, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, which spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane; or may be an extrinsic component of the membrane (GO:0019898), being loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005031 membrane protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to a cellular membrane. The membrane targeting sequence may be an intrinsic component of the membrane (GO:0031224), having some covalently attached portion, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, which spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane; or may be an extrinsic component of the membrane (GO:0019898), being loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. FBC:GM GOC:dos GOC:jl GOC:mah A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the plasma membrane. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005032 plasma membrane protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the plasma membrane. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to a vesicle. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005033 vesicle protein localization tag A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to a vesicle. FBC:GM A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the secretory pathway. This results in the protein either being secreted or inserted into a cellular membrane, depending on the presence of other specific sequences in the tagged protein. The signal sequence must be fused to the N-terminal end of the tagged protein. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z SO:0000418 experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005034 signal sequence A peptide sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to target the tagged protein to the secretory pathway. This results in the protein either being secreted or inserted into a cellular membrane, depending on the presence of other specific sequences in the tagged protein. The signal sequence must be fused to the N-terminal end of the tagged protein. FBC:GM http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_peptide A peptide sequence used to target a tagged protein for export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z SO:0001531 NES experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005035 nuclear export signal A peptide sequence used to target a tagged protein for export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. FBC:GM SO:0001531 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_export_signal Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific, novel property that facilitates purification of the gene product and/or any associated macromolecular complex by an experimental method. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z isolation tag experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005036 purification tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific, novel property that facilitates purification of the gene product and/or any associated macromolecular complex by an experimental method. FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to regulate the activity of the tagged gene product. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005037 gene product activity regulation tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is used to regulate the activity of the tagged gene product. FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the activity of the tagged gene product being regulated in response to a particular stimulus. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005038 conditional activity regulation tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the activity of the tagged gene product being regulated in response to a particular stimulus. FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the activity of the tagged gene product being regulated in response to irradiation with a pulse of light. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005039 light-dependent activity regulation tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the activity of the tagged gene product being regulated in response to irradiation with a pulse of light. FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the tagged gene product being regulated by binding to a small molecule, such as an ion or ligand. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005040 small molecule-dependent activity regulation tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the tagged gene product being regulated by binding to a small molecule, such as an ion or ligand. FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the protein encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which allows a protein to be inactivated by the chromophore-assisted light inactivation (CALI) technique. The tag consists of a peptide sequence that specifically binds a membrane-permeable, chromophore-containing molecule. When activated using a pulse of high-intensity light that is absorbed by the chromophore but not by cellular components, the membrane-permeable molecule generates short-lived reactive oxygen species which inactivate the tagged protein to which the molecule is bound via the chromophore-assisted light inactivation tag. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z CALI tag experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005041 chromophore-assisted light inactivation tag Sequence that forms part of the protein encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which allows a protein to be inactivated by the chromophore-assisted light inactivation (CALI) technique. The tag consists of a peptide sequence that specifically binds a membrane-permeable, chromophore-containing molecule. When activated using a pulse of high-intensity light that is absorbed by the chromophore but not by cellular components, the membrane-permeable molecule generates short-lived reactive oxygen species which inactivate the tagged protein to which the molecule is bound via the chromophore-assisted light inactivation tag. FBC:GM PMID:14625562 PMID:16605242 PMID:21226520 PMID:3399501 Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the tagged gene product being targeted for degradation by a specific process. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005042 gene product degradation tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the tagged gene product being targeted for degradation by a specific process. FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the tagged gene product being targeted for degradation by a specific process that is dependent on the cell cycle. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005043 cell-cycle regulated gene product degradation tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the tagged gene product being targeted for degradation by a specific process that is dependent on the cell cycle. FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of a biologically relevant property that is not part of or directly encoded by the genome, for example pH, redox state, membrane potential, a change in concentration of a particular molecule. For experimental tools that are used to detect a gene product directly encoded by the genome, see instead 'gene product detection tag'. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005044 genetically encoded sensor Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of a biologically relevant property that is not part of or directly encoded by the genome, for example pH, redox state, membrane potential, a change in concentration of a particular molecule. For experimental tools that are used to detect a gene product directly encoded by the genome, see instead 'gene product detection tag'. FBC:GM PMID:20664080 Sequence that forms all or part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific property that facilitates detection of a molecule that is not part of or directly encoded by the genome. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005045 small molecule sensor Sequence that forms all or part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and confers a specific property that facilitates detection of a molecule that is not part of or directly encoded by the genome. FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of calcium ion concentration. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005046 calcium ion sensor Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of calcium ion concentration. FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of pH. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005047 pH sensor Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of pH. FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of voltage. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005048 voltage sensor Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of voltage. FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of the redox state of a cell/tissue. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005049 redox state sensor Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of the redox state of a cell/tissue. FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of changes in the mechanical force the gene product is subjected to. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005050 mechanical force sensor Sequence that forms all or part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that is used to provide a readout of changes in the mechanical force the gene product is subjected to. FBC:GM Component that forms part of a 'split system'. A split system component corresponds to a non-functional fragment of a functional experimental tool that would normally be encoded by a single gene product. When combined with another appropriate split system component in vivo, a functional experimental tool is produced. The fragments of a split system can be brought together in vivo in a number of different ways; for example, by fusing fragments to peptides that physically interact in vivo. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005051 split system component Component that forms part of a 'split system'. A split system component corresponds to a non-functional fragment of a functional experimental tool that would normally be encoded by a single gene product. When combined with another appropriate split system component in vivo, a functional experimental tool is produced. The fragments of a split system can be brought together in vivo in a number of different ways; for example, by fusing fragments to peptides that physically interact in vivo. FBC:GM Non-fluorescent fragment of a fluorescent protein. A functional fluorophore can be reconstituted if a split fluorescent protein fragment is expressed with a complementary split fluorescent protein fragment and the fragments are brought together in vivo, permitting the study of biological interactions. Protein-protein interactions can be studied using the bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) technique, where a fluorescent protein is reconstituted if the two complementary split fluorescent protein fragments are fused to interacting proteins or protein domains that bring the split halves together into the same macromolecular complex. Associations between closely apposed cells can be studied if the two complementary split fluorescent protein fragments are tethered to the surface of these cells, for example to study connectivity in the nervous system using the GFP Reconstitution Across Synaptic Partners (GRASP) technique. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005052 split fluorescent protein Non-fluorescent fragment of a fluorescent protein. A functional fluorophore can be reconstituted if a split fluorescent protein fragment is expressed with a complementary split fluorescent protein fragment and the fragments are brought together in vivo, permitting the study of biological interactions. Protein-protein interactions can be studied using the bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) technique, where a fluorescent protein is reconstituted if the two complementary split fluorescent protein fragments are fused to interacting proteins or protein domains that bring the split halves together into the same macromolecular complex. Associations between closely apposed cells can be studied if the two complementary split fluorescent protein fragments are tethered to the surface of these cells, for example to study connectivity in the nervous system using the GFP Reconstitution Across Synaptic Partners (GRASP) technique. FBC:GM PMID:11983170 PMID:18255029 Catalytically inactive fragment of an enzyme. A functional enzyme can be reconstituted when complementary split enzyme fragments are brought together in vivo by fusing the fragments to peptides that physically interact, permitting the study of protein-protein interactions. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005053 split reporter enzyme Catalytically inactive fragment of an enzyme. A functional enzyme can be reconstituted when complementary split enzyme fragments are brought together in vivo by fusing the fragments to peptides that physically interact, permitting the study of protein-protein interactions. FBC:GM PMID:9237989 Sequence encoding a site-specific DNA-binding domain fused to a heterodimerization domain, e.g. a leucine zipper. A functional transcriptional driver can be reconstituted if this split system component is brought together in vivo with a split system component that encodes a transcription activation domain fused to the complementary heterodimerization domain. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005054 split driver - DNA-binding fragment Sequence encoding a site-specific DNA-binding domain fused to a heterodimerization domain, e.g. a leucine zipper. A functional transcriptional driver can be reconstituted if this split system component is brought together in vivo with a split system component that encodes a transcription activation domain fused to the complementary heterodimerization domain. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0193617 Sequence encoding a transcription activation domain fused to a heterodimerization domain. A functional transcription driver can be reconstituted if this split system component is brought together in vivo with a split system component that encodes a DNA-binding domain fused to the complementary heterodimerization domain. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005055 split driver - transcription activation fragment Sequence encoding a transcription activation domain fused to a heterodimerization domain. A functional transcription driver can be reconstituted if this split system component is brought together in vivo with a split system component that encodes a DNA-binding domain fused to the complementary heterodimerization domain. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0193617 Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which allows the tagged gene product to be cleaved (broken into smaller molecules by the rupture of a covalent bond) by a specific process. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005056 gene product cleavage tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which allows the tagged gene product to be cleaved (broken into smaller molecules by the rupture of a covalent bond) by a specific process. FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which allows the tagged protein product to be cleaved (broken into smaller molecules by the rupture of a covalent bond) by a specific process. Examples of protein cleavage tags include sequences recognized and cleaved by proteases such as the human rhinovirus (HRV) 3C protease (often produced with the tradename PreScission Protease) and the tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease. Protein product cleavage can be used for a number of different purposes, including release of a protein after purification, or removal of a detection tag to assess that the tag does not interfere with protein function. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005057 protein cleavage tag Sequence that forms part of the protein product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which allows the tagged protein product to be cleaved (broken into smaller molecules by the rupture of a covalent bond) by a specific process. Examples of protein cleavage tags include sequences recognized and cleaved by proteases such as the human rhinovirus (HRV) 3C protease (often produced with the tradename PreScission Protease) and the tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease. Protein product cleavage can be used for a number of different purposes, including release of a protein after purification, or removal of a detection tag to assess that the tag does not interfere with protein function. FBC:GM FBC:TEMJ Component that forms part of a binary expression system. This system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005058 binary expression system component Component that forms part of a binary expression system. This system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0216478 Transactivator ('driver') that is encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which forms part of a binary expression system. This system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005059 binary expression system - driver Transactivator ('driver') that is encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which forms part of a binary expression system. This system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0216478 Specific DNA sequence that is used as the effector in a binary expression system. This system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z binary expression system - effector experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005060 binary expression system - regulatory region Specific DNA sequence that is used as the effector in a binary expression system. This system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0216478 Repressor that can be used to regulate expression in a binary expression system. This system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005061 binary expression system - repressor Repressor that can be used to regulate expression in a binary expression system. This system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0216478 An enzyme that mediates a recombination exchange reaction between two DNA templates, each containing a specific recognition site. The recognition site for a particular site-specific recombinase is defined by the enzyme itself. The recognition site contains perfect inverted repeats flanking an asymmetric spacer. Under normal conditions, the two recognition sites are identical and are reformed during the recombination event, and thus the reaction is bidirectional: recombination can occur in both 'forward' and 'reverse' directions. However, recognition sites can be mutated to drive the directionality of the reaction: different classes of site may be combined so that recombination can occur in one direction, but produces reformed sites that are no longer compatible. In addition, mutually exclusive sites have been engineered for some recombinases. Recombinases can be used to generate many different types of genetic modification, with the outcome being influenced by the relative orientation (direct or inverted), relative location and composition of the two recognition sites. The types of possible modification include deletion of DNA, generation of chromosomal rearrangements, integration of DNA into the genome, and replacement of genetic material with that from a donor plasmid using recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE). temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z site-specific recombinase experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005062 recombinase An enzyme that mediates a recombination exchange reaction between two DNA templates, each containing a specific recognition site. The recognition site for a particular site-specific recombinase is defined by the enzyme itself. The recognition site contains perfect inverted repeats flanking an asymmetric spacer. Under normal conditions, the two recognition sites are identical and are reformed during the recombination event, and thus the reaction is bidirectional: recombination can occur in both 'forward' and 'reverse' directions. However, recognition sites can be mutated to drive the directionality of the reaction: different classes of site may be combined so that recombination can occur in one direction, but produces reformed sites that are no longer compatible. In addition, mutually exclusive sites have been engineered for some recombinases. Recombinases can be used to generate many different types of genetic modification, with the outcome being influenced by the relative orientation (direct or inverted), relative location and composition of the two recognition sites. The types of possible modification include deletion of DNA, generation of chromosomal rearrangements, integration of DNA into the genome, and replacement of genetic material with that from a donor plasmid using recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE). FlyBase:FBrf0231034 The recognition site for a particular site-specific recombinase, an enzyme that mediates a recombination exchange reaction between two DNA templates, each containing a copy of the recognition site. The recognition site contains perfect inverted repeats flanking an asymmetric spacer. Under normal conditions, the two recognition sites are identical and are reformed during the recombination event, and thus the reaction is bidirectional: recombination can occur in both 'forward' and 'reverse' directions. However, recognition sites can be mutated to drive the directionality of the reaction: different classes of site may be combined so that recombination can occur in one direction, but produces reformed sites that are no longer compatible. In addition, mutually exclusive sites have been engineered for some recombinases. Recombinases can be used to generate many different types of genetic modification, with the outcome being influenced by the relative orientation (direct or inverted), relative location and composition of the two recognition sites. The types of possible modification include deletion of DNA, generation of chromosomal rearrangements, integration of DNA into the genome, and replacement of genetic material with that from a donor plasmid using recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE). temj2 2017-06-28T11:41:27Z site-specific recombination target region experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005063 recombinase target site The recognition site for a particular site-specific recombinase, an enzyme that mediates a recombination exchange reaction between two DNA templates, each containing a copy of the recognition site. The recognition site contains perfect inverted repeats flanking an asymmetric spacer. Under normal conditions, the two recognition sites are identical and are reformed during the recombination event, and thus the reaction is bidirectional: recombination can occur in both 'forward' and 'reverse' directions. However, recognition sites can be mutated to drive the directionality of the reaction: different classes of site may be combined so that recombination can occur in one direction, but produces reformed sites that are no longer compatible. In addition, mutually exclusive sites have been engineered for some recombinases. Recombinases can be used to generate many different types of genetic modification, with the outcome being influenced by the relative orientation (direct or inverted), relative location and composition of the two recognition sites. The types of possible modification include deletion of DNA, generation of chromosomal rearrangements, integration of DNA into the genome, and replacement of genetic material with that from a donor plasmid using recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE). FlyBase:FBrf0231034 Transactivator ('driver') that forms part of a binary expression system and whose activity is regulated in response to a particular stimulus. A binary expression system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. Use of a conditional driver permits further refinement of this expression pattern. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005064 binary expression system - conditional driver Transactivator ('driver') that forms part of a binary expression system and whose activity is regulated in response to a particular stimulus. A binary expression system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. Use of a conditional driver permits further refinement of this expression pattern. FBC:GM Transactivator ('driver') that forms part of a binary expression system and whose activity is regulated by binding to a small molecule, such as an ion or ligand. A binary expression system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. Use of a small molecule-regulated driver driver permits further refinement of this expression pattern. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005065 binary expression system - small molecule-regulated driver Transactivator ('driver') that forms part of a binary expression system and whose activity is regulated by binding to a small molecule, such as an ion or ligand. A binary expression system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. Use of a small molecule-regulated driver driver permits further refinement of this expression pattern. FBC:GM Repressor that can be used to regulate expression in a binary expression system and whose activity is regulated in response to a particular stimulus. A binary expression system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. Use of a conditional repressor permits further refinement of this expression pattern. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005066 binary expression system - conditional repressor Repressor that can be used to regulate expression in a binary expression system and whose activity is regulated in response to a particular stimulus. A binary expression system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. Use of a conditional repressor permits further refinement of this expression pattern. FBC:GM Repressor that can be used to regulate expression in a binary expression system and whose activity is regulated by temperature. A binary expression system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. Use of a temperature conditional repressor permits further refinement of this expression pattern. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005067 binary expression system - temperature conditional repressor Repressor that can be used to regulate expression in a binary expression system and whose activity is regulated by temperature. A binary expression system requires a transactivator ('driver') that binds to a specific DNA sequence ('regulatory region' or 'effector'). A driver encoded by one transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus is used to drive expression of a downstream 'responder' or 'reporter' encoded by another transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus, by fusing the regulatory region sequence to which the driver binds upstream of the responder sequence. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the responder thus depends on the regulatory elements used to drive expression of the driver. In addition, a specific repressor protein may be available which prevents the transactivator from driving expression, allowing further refinement of the expression pattern of the responder. Use of a temperature conditional repressor permits further refinement of this expression pattern. FBC:GM Sequence that forms all or part of a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is designed to impact or assess any proximate gene(s) when integrated into the genome. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005068 insertional mutagenesis tool Sequence that forms all or part of a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which is designed to impact or assess any proximate gene(s) when integrated into the genome. FBC:GM FBC:LC An enhancer trap cassette is designed to report or utilize the expression of endogenous enhancer elements upon integration of the cassette into the genome. The basic components of an enhancer trap cassette are a minimal promoter element fused upstream of a gene. Upon integration into the genome, a neighboring genomic enhancer may activate expression of the gene encoded by the enhancer trap cassette. Depending on the nature of this gene, the insertion may directly report the expression pattern of the 'trapped' enhancer (e.g. if the gene encodes a reporter enzyme or fluorescent protein), or it may be used to drive expression of any gene of interest (e.g. if the gene encodes a driver that forms part of a binary expression system). An enhancer trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic contruct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. An enhancer trap insertion can be mutgenic, disrupting the function of an endogenous locus, depending on the particular insertion site. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z SO:0001479 experimental_tool_descriptor enhancer detection tool FBcv:0005069 enhancer trap An enhancer trap cassette is designed to report or utilize the expression of endogenous enhancer elements upon integration of the cassette into the genome. The basic components of an enhancer trap cassette are a minimal promoter element fused upstream of a gene. Upon integration into the genome, a neighboring genomic enhancer may activate expression of the gene encoded by the enhancer trap cassette. Depending on the nature of this gene, the insertion may directly report the expression pattern of the 'trapped' enhancer (e.g. if the gene encodes a reporter enzyme or fluorescent protein), or it may be used to drive expression of any gene of interest (e.g. if the gene encodes a driver that forms part of a binary expression system). An enhancer trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic contruct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. An enhancer trap insertion can be mutgenic, disrupting the function of an endogenous locus, depending on the particular insertion site. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0128252 FlyBase:FBrf0216478 PMID:10899970 enhancer detection tool FBC:GM A protein trap cassette is designed to tag protein(s) encoded by an endogenous locus upon integration of the cassette into the genome. The basic structure of a protein trap cassette is an artificial exon composed of a splice acceptor site, an open reading frame without initiation and stop codons, and a splice donor site. No promoter sequences are present. Upon integration into a coding intron of an endogenous locus, the open reading frame (ORF) encoded by the artificial exon can be incorporated into ('tag') the protein encoded by the locus. This only occurs if the insertion is in the correct orientation and when the frame of the artificial exon corresponds to that of the preceeding exon. Thus, only one out of six insertions in a coding intron will function as a protein trap. To account for each reading frame, three versions of a given protein trap element, differing only in the splice phase, are typically produced for use in an insertional mutagenesis screen. Depending on the nature of the ORF encoded by the artificial exon, the tag may be used to detect the expression pattern and/or subcellular localization of the protein (e.g. if the tag is an epitope tag or fluorescent protein), to drive expression of a gene of interest (e.g. if the tag is a driver that forms part of a binary expression system), or may modify the properties of the endogenous protein (e.g. if the tag affects protein localization or stability). A protein trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic construct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. The presence of the splice acceptor and donor sites mean that a protein trap cassette is not inherently mutagenic, since it is designed to insert in frame into a protein. However, an insertion into an intron that splits a critical functional or localization domain may alter the activity of the encoded protein, and the protein trap tag sequence itself may be designed to alter function (for example targeting the protein to a new location within the cell or altering its stability). temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005070 protein trap A protein trap cassette is designed to tag protein(s) encoded by an endogenous locus upon integration of the cassette into the genome. The basic structure of a protein trap cassette is an artificial exon composed of a splice acceptor site, an open reading frame without initiation and stop codons, and a splice donor site. No promoter sequences are present. Upon integration into a coding intron of an endogenous locus, the open reading frame (ORF) encoded by the artificial exon can be incorporated into ('tag') the protein encoded by the locus. This only occurs if the insertion is in the correct orientation and when the frame of the artificial exon corresponds to that of the preceeding exon. Thus, only one out of six insertions in a coding intron will function as a protein trap. To account for each reading frame, three versions of a given protein trap element, differing only in the splice phase, are typically produced for use in an insertional mutagenesis screen. Depending on the nature of the ORF encoded by the artificial exon, the tag may be used to detect the expression pattern and/or subcellular localization of the protein (e.g. if the tag is an epitope tag or fluorescent protein), to drive expression of a gene of interest (e.g. if the tag is a driver that forms part of a binary expression system), or may modify the properties of the endogenous protein (e.g. if the tag affects protein localization or stability). A protein trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic construct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. The presence of the splice acceptor and donor sites mean that a protein trap cassette is not inherently mutagenic, since it is designed to insert in frame into a protein. However, an insertion into an intron that splits a critical functional or localization domain may alter the activity of the encoded protein, and the protein trap tag sequence itself may be designed to alter function (for example targeting the protein to a new location within the cell or altering its stability). FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0216478 FlyBase:FBrf0236840 A gene trap cassette is designed to interrupt transcription of an endogenous locus upon integration of the cassette into the genome. The basic components of a gene trap cassette are a promoterless gene with an upstream splice acceptor site. Upon integration into an intron, splicing from the genomic splice donor site to the splice acceptor site in the cassette results in a transcriptional fusion containing the endogenous exon(s) upstream of the insertion fused to the gene sequence encoded by the cassette. Any open reading frame (ORF) encoded by the trap cassette gene may be translated from this transcriptional fusion either as a translational fusion with any ORF sequence encoded by the upstream exons, or if an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) or viral 2A-like peptide sequence (which promotes ribosome skipping) is present upstream of the gene trap ORF, it may be produced as a separate protein expressed under the control of the regulatory sequences of the endogenous locus. Gene trap insertions are usually mutagenic, disrupting the locus into which they have inserted, since termination sequences are usually present at the 3' end of the cassette, truncating the endogenous transcript. Depending on the nature of the gene encoded by the gene trap cassette, a gene trap insertion may directly report the expression pattern of the disrupted locus (e.g. if it encodes a reporter enzyme or fluorescent protein), or it may be used to drive expression of any gene of interest in the pattern of the trapped locus (e.g. if it is a driver that forms part of a binary expression system). A gene trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic contruct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z SO:0001477 experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005071 gene trap A gene trap cassette is designed to interrupt transcription of an endogenous locus upon integration of the cassette into the genome. The basic components of a gene trap cassette are a promoterless gene with an upstream splice acceptor site. Upon integration into an intron, splicing from the genomic splice donor site to the splice acceptor site in the cassette results in a transcriptional fusion containing the endogenous exon(s) upstream of the insertion fused to the gene sequence encoded by the cassette. Any open reading frame (ORF) encoded by the trap cassette gene may be translated from this transcriptional fusion either as a translational fusion with any ORF sequence encoded by the upstream exons, or if an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) or viral 2A-like peptide sequence (which promotes ribosome skipping) is present upstream of the gene trap ORF, it may be produced as a separate protein expressed under the control of the regulatory sequences of the endogenous locus. Gene trap insertions are usually mutagenic, disrupting the locus into which they have inserted, since termination sequences are usually present at the 3' end of the cassette, truncating the endogenous transcript. Depending on the nature of the gene encoded by the gene trap cassette, a gene trap insertion may directly report the expression pattern of the disrupted locus (e.g. if it encodes a reporter enzyme or fluorescent protein), or it may be used to drive expression of any gene of interest in the pattern of the trapped locus (e.g. if it is a driver that forms part of a binary expression system). A gene trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic contruct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. FBC:GM PMID:10899970 http://www.genetrap.org/tutorials/overview.html#vector The basic components of a polyA trap cassette are a promoter fused to a gene sequence that lacks a polyadenylation (polyA) sequence but is followed by a splice donor sequence. If the cassette is integrated into the genome outside a gene, the mRNA produced by the polyA trap is not polyadenylated and is expected to be rapidly degraded. However, if the cassette is integrated into an intron, the promoter in the polyA trap will drive expression of a transcriptional fusion containing the polyA gene trap fused to any downstream exons. The downstream terminal exon can provide a polyA signal, allowing stable expression of the gene encoded by the polyA trap. polyA trap cassettes can be used to report the expression of genes that are not normally expressed, or are expressed at very low levels, or may be used as a marker of successful integration of an insertion into a transcription unit. A polyA trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic contruct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005072 polyA trap The basic components of a polyA trap cassette are a promoter fused to a gene sequence that lacks a polyadenylation (polyA) sequence but is followed by a splice donor sequence. If the cassette is integrated into the genome outside a gene, the mRNA produced by the polyA trap is not polyadenylated and is expected to be rapidly degraded. However, if the cassette is integrated into an intron, the promoter in the polyA trap will drive expression of a transcriptional fusion containing the polyA gene trap fused to any downstream exons. The downstream terminal exon can provide a polyA signal, allowing stable expression of the gene encoded by the polyA trap. polyA trap cassettes can be used to report the expression of genes that are not normally expressed, or are expressed at very low levels, or may be used as a marker of successful integration of an insertion into a transcription unit. A polyA trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic contruct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0132344 FlyBase:FBrf0206814 PMID:9560157 http://www.genetrap.org/tutorials/overview.html#vector The basic component of a promoter trap cassette is a promoterless gene. This gene is not flanked by splice acceptor or donor sites, and thus the gene within a promoter trap can only be expressed if the cassette integrates into the genome within an exon, resulting in a transcriptional fusion. If the promoter trap gene encodes an open reading frame and the insertion is in the correct frame, a translational fusion is produced. Depending on the nature of the gene encoded by the promoter trap cassette, the insertion may directly report the expression pattern of the 'trapped' locus (e.g. if the gene encoded by the cassette is a reporter enzyme or fluorescent protein), or it may be used to drive expression of any gene of interest (e.g. if the gene encoded by the cassette is a driver that form part of a binary expression system). A promoter trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic construct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. Promoter trap insertions are usually mutagenic, disrupting the locus into which they have inserted, since termination sequences are usually present at the 3' end of the cassette, truncating the endogenous transcript. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005073 promoter trap The basic component of a promoter trap cassette is a promoterless gene. This gene is not flanked by splice acceptor or donor sites, and thus the gene within a promoter trap can only be expressed if the cassette integrates into the genome within an exon, resulting in a transcriptional fusion. If the promoter trap gene encodes an open reading frame and the insertion is in the correct frame, a translational fusion is produced. Depending on the nature of the gene encoded by the promoter trap cassette, the insertion may directly report the expression pattern of the 'trapped' locus (e.g. if the gene encoded by the cassette is a reporter enzyme or fluorescent protein), or it may be used to drive expression of any gene of interest (e.g. if the gene encoded by the cassette is a driver that form part of a binary expression system). A promoter trap cassette may be inserted into a genome as part of a transgenic construct via transposable-element-mediated transgenesis, or may be inserted directly into a modified endogenous locus via a genome engineering method such as homologous recombination or CRISPR. Promoter trap insertions are usually mutagenic, disrupting the locus into which they have inserted, since termination sequences are usually present at the 3' end of the cassette, truncating the endogenous transcript. FBC:GM PMID:10899970 The basic components of a misexpression element are an enhancer sequence plus a minimal promoter. Upon integration into the genome, this element can activate expression of nearby endogenous loci. Typically, constructs containing misexpression elements are designed to insert at or near the 5' end of a gene, such that expression from the promoter within the misexpression element drives overexpression of the endogenous locus and causes a gain-of-function phenotype. However, if the insertion is within a locus, a truncated product may be produced, while an insertion in the opposite orientation to that of the direction of transcription of the endogenous locus can result in the production of an antisense transcript. If the enhancer present in the misexpression element forms part of a binary expression system, the misexpression pattern of the endogenous gene is controlled by combining the misexpression element insertion with a driver expressed in the desired temporal and spatial pattern. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005074 misexpression element The basic components of a misexpression element are an enhancer sequence plus a minimal promoter. Upon integration into the genome, this element can activate expression of nearby endogenous loci. Typically, constructs containing misexpression elements are designed to insert at or near the 5' end of a gene, such that expression from the promoter within the misexpression element drives overexpression of the endogenous locus and causes a gain-of-function phenotype. However, if the insertion is within a locus, a truncated product may be produced, while an insertion in the opposite orientation to that of the direction of transcription of the endogenous locus can result in the production of an antisense transcript. If the enhancer present in the misexpression element forms part of a binary expression system, the misexpression pattern of the endogenous gene is controlled by combining the misexpression element insertion with a driver expressed in the desired temporal and spatial pattern. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0090768 Sequence that forms all or part of a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which can be used to an modify an organism's genetic material in a defined manner. Genome engineering can occur on many levels, ranging from targeting of an individual gene with a small modification through to the engineering of chromosomal rearrangements. In addition to the manipulation of endogenous loci, genome engineering can also be used to introduce exogenous material into the genome, and to manipulate such exogenous material already introduced the genome. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005075 genome engineering tool Sequence that forms all or part of a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which can be used to an modify an organism's genetic material in a defined manner. Genome engineering can occur on many levels, ranging from targeting of an individual gene with a small modification through to the engineering of chromosomal rearrangements. In addition to the manipulation of endogenous loci, genome engineering can also be used to introduce exogenous material into the genome, and to manipulate such exogenous material already introduced the genome. FlyBase:FBrf0231034 An enzyme that mediates an exchange reaction between two DNA templates, resulting in integration of DNA from one of the templates into the other. An integrase binds a pair of compatible recognition sites (typically called attP and attB) which each contain a short integration core flanked by imperfect inverted repeats that are not identical. Exchange between the attP/attB pair results in the formation of hybrid sites (typically called attL and attR) that are no longer a substrate of the integrase. Thus the exchange reaction driven by an integrase is undirectional. Mutually exclusive pairs of recognition site have been engineered for some integrases. Integrases can be used to generate many different types of genetic modification, with the outcome being influenced by the relative orientation (direct or inverted), relative location and composition of the two recognition sites. The types of possible modification include deletion of DNA, generation of chromosomal rearrangements, integration of DNA into the genome, and replacement of genetic material with that from a donor plasmid using integrase-mediated cassette exchange (IMCE). temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005076 integrase An enzyme that mediates an exchange reaction between two DNA templates, resulting in integration of DNA from one of the templates into the other. An integrase binds a pair of compatible recognition sites (typically called attP and attB) which each contain a short integration core flanked by imperfect inverted repeats that are not identical. Exchange between the attP/attB pair results in the formation of hybrid sites (typically called attL and attR) that are no longer a substrate of the integrase. Thus the exchange reaction driven by an integrase is undirectional. Mutually exclusive pairs of recognition site have been engineered for some integrases. Integrases can be used to generate many different types of genetic modification, with the outcome being influenced by the relative orientation (direct or inverted), relative location and composition of the two recognition sites. The types of possible modification include deletion of DNA, generation of chromosomal rearrangements, integration of DNA into the genome, and replacement of genetic material with that from a donor plasmid using integrase-mediated cassette exchange (IMCE). FlyBase:FBrf0231034 An enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of DNA in a site-specific manner. The DNA cutting stimulates cellular repair mechanisms, which can be exploited to produce genome modifications. For example, repair by homologous recombination in the presence of an exogenous template can be used to introduce targeted changes into the genome. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor site-specific DNA nuclease FBcv:0005077 nuclease An enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of DNA in a site-specific manner. The DNA cutting stimulates cellular repair mechanisms, which can be exploited to produce genome modifications. For example, repair by homologous recombination in the presence of an exogenous template can be used to introduce targeted changes into the genome. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0231034 site-specific DNA nuclease FBC:GM An enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of DNA in a site-specific manner, and in which the specificity is determined by a guide RNA that contains sequence complementary to the DNA sequence of interest, rather than being an inherent property of the nuclease itself. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005078 RNA-guided nuclease An enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of DNA in a site-specific manner, and in which the specificity is determined by a guide RNA that contains sequence complementary to the DNA sequence of interest, rather than being an inherent property of the nuclease itself. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0231034 A recognition site for an integrase, an enzyme that mediates an exchange reaction between two DNA templates, resulting in integration of DNA from one of the templates into the other. An integrase binds a pair of compatible recognition sites (typically called attP and attB) which each contain a short integration core flanked by imperfect inverted repeats that are not identical. Exchange between the attP/attB pair results in the formation of hybrid sites (typically called attL and attR) that are no longer a substrate of the integrase. Thus the exchange reaction driven by an integrase is undirectional. Mutually exclusive pairs of recognition site have been engineered for some integrases. Integrases can be used to generate many different types of genetic modification, with the outcome being influenced by the relative orientation (direct or inverted), relative location and composition of the two recognition sites. The types of possible modification include deletion of DNA, generation of chromosomal rearrangements, integration of DNA into the genome, and replacement of genetic material with that from a donor plasmid using integrase-mediated cassette exchange (IMCE). temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005079 integrase target site A recognition site for an integrase, an enzyme that mediates an exchange reaction between two DNA templates, resulting in integration of DNA from one of the templates into the other. An integrase binds a pair of compatible recognition sites (typically called attP and attB) which each contain a short integration core flanked by imperfect inverted repeats that are not identical. Exchange between the attP/attB pair results in the formation of hybrid sites (typically called attL and attR) that are no longer a substrate of the integrase. Thus the exchange reaction driven by an integrase is undirectional. Mutually exclusive pairs of recognition site have been engineered for some integrases. Integrases can be used to generate many different types of genetic modification, with the outcome being influenced by the relative orientation (direct or inverted), relative location and composition of the two recognition sites. The types of possible modification include deletion of DNA, generation of chromosomal rearrangements, integration of DNA into the genome, and replacement of genetic material with that from a donor plasmid using integrase-mediated cassette exchange (IMCE). FlyBase:FBrf0231034 A recognition site for a site-specific DNA nuclease, an enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of DNA in a site-specific manner. The DNA cutting stimulates cellular repair mechanisms, which can be exploited to produce genome modifications. For example, repair by homologous recombination in the presence of an exogenous template can be used to introduce targeted changes into the genome. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005080 nuclease target site A recognition site for a site-specific DNA nuclease, an enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of DNA in a site-specific manner. The DNA cutting stimulates cellular repair mechanisms, which can be exploited to produce genome modifications. For example, repair by homologous recombination in the presence of an exogenous template can be used to introduce targeted changes into the genome. FBC:GM FlyBase:FBrf0231034 Engineered sequence that forms all or part of a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that has the property of a 'regulatory_region' (SO:0005836). 'regulatory_region' is defined as 'A region of sequence that is involved in the control of a biological process. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005081 engineered regulatory region Engineered sequence that forms all or part of a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that has the property of a 'regulatory_region' (SO:0005836). 'regulatory_region' is defined as 'A region of sequence that is involved in the control of a biological process. FBC:GM Engineered sequence that forms all or part of a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that has the property of a 'transcription_regulatory_region' (SO:0001679). 'transcription_regulatory_region' is defined as 'A regulatory region that is involved in the control of the process of transcription.'. temj2 2017-12-13T13:17:30Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005082 engineered transcription regulatory region Engineered sequence that forms all or part of a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and that has the property of a 'transcription_regulatory_region' (SO:0001679). 'transcription_regulatory_region' is defined as 'A regulatory region that is involved in the control of the process of transcription.'. FBC:GM Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the tagged gene product being targeted for degradation by a specific process that is regulated by a small molecule. temj2 2017-12-22T13:09:10Z experimental_tool_descriptor FBcv:0005083 small molecule-dependent gene product degradation tag Sequence that forms part of the gene product encoded by a transgenic locus or modified endogenous locus and which results in the tagged gene product being targeted for degradation by a specific process that is regulated by a small molecule. FBC:GM Phenotype that is a defect in copulation (GO:0007620). 'copulation' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007620' phenotypic_class FBcv:0006000 copulation defective Phenotype that is a defect in copulation (GO:0007620). 'copulation' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0007620' FBC:TEMJ Phenotype that is an increase in the number of gametes produced. phenotypic_class FBcv:0006001 increased fecundity Phenotype that is an increase in the number of gametes produced. FBC:TEMJ Phenotype that is a decrease in the number of gametes produced. phenotypic_class FBcv:0006002 decreased fecundity Phenotype that is a decrease in the number of gametes produced. FBC:TEMJ Phenotype that is a defect in oviposition (GO:0007620). 'oviposition' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0018991'. phenotypic_class FBcv:0006004 This term should only be used to report defects specifically in oviposition, as opposed to an overall loss of fertility. If a difference in "oviposition rate" is measured by authors as a proxy for sterility/fertility, it would be better to use the terms "sterile", "semi-sterile", or "semi-fertile", as appropriate. oviposition defective Phenotype that is a defect in oviposition (GO:0007620). 'oviposition' is defined as: '$sub_GO:0018991'. FBC:TEMJ A phenotype that is an increased occurrence of cell division (GO:0051301). 'cell division' is defined as '$sub_GO:0051301'. phenotypic_class FBcv:0006005 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons increased occurrence of cell division A phenotype that is an increased occurrence of cell division (GO:0051301). 'cell division' is defined as '$sub_GO:0051301'. FBC:TEMJ A phenotype that is a decreased occurrence of cell division (GO:0051301). 'cell division' is defined as '$sub_GO:0051301'. phenotypic_class FBcv:0006006 fbcvsubset_mgiribbons decreased occurrence of cell division A phenotype that is a decreased occurrence of cell division (GO:0051301). 'cell division' is defined as '$sub_GO:0051301'. FBC:TEMJ FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010000 Consider - FBsv:0000002. living stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010001 Consider - FBsv:0000003. molecular extract true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010002 Consider - FBsv:0000005. preserved specimen true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010003 E cytotype stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010004 M cytotype stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010005 Consider - FBsv:0000004. genomic DNA true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010006 Consider - FBsv:0000007. ethanol-preserved specimen true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010007 pinned specimen true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010009 Consider - FBsv:0001010. fluorescent balancer true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010010 Consider - FBsv:0001011. lacZ balancer true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010011 laboratory wild-type stock true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010012 Consider - FBsv:0000100. collection true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010013 Consider - FBsv:0000101. stock center collection true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010014 Consider - FBsv:0000102. laboratory collection true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010015 Saxton laboratory true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010016 Consider - FBsv:0000109. Garcia-Bellido laboratory true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010017 Consider - FBsv:0000108. Nusslein-Volhard laboratory true FlyBase miscellaneous CV FBcv:0010018 Consider - FBsv:0000110. Carpenter laboratory true FlyBase miscellaneous CV Harvard Medical School Exelixis Drosophila Collection FBcv:0010019 Artavanis laboratory true FlyBase miscellaneous CV Artavanis-Tsakonas laboratory FBcv:0010020 Consider - FBsv:0000105. Exelixis Drosophila Stock Collection at Harvard Medical School true Bloomington FlyBase miscellaneous CV BDSC BSC FBcv:0010021 Consider - FBsv:0000103. Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center true species stock center FlyBase miscellaneous CV Drosophila species stock center Tucson FBcv:0010022 Consider - FBsv:0000106. San Diego Drosophila Species Stock Center true FlyBase miscellaneous CV Szeged FBcv:0010023 Szeged Drosophila Stock Centre true FlyBase miscellaneous CV DGRC Kyoto Kyoto stock center FBcv:0010024 Consider - FBsv:0000104. Drosophila Genetic Resource Center true A temporal subdivision of a developmental process. djs93 2009-10-01T05:56:56Z FBdv:00007010 FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00005259 developmental stage A temporal subdivision of a developmental process. FBC:DOS The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from fertilisation to hatching. FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00005289 Temporal ordering number - 20. embryonic stage The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from fertilisation to hatching. FBC:DOS The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from hatching to the beginning of puparium formation. FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00005336 Temporal ordering number - 400. larval stage The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from hatching to the beginning of puparium formation. FBC:DOS The first larval instar begins at hatching and ends at the first larval molt. Anterior spiracles are not yet present; posterior spiracles have two openings each. Salivary glands are very small and all cells are uniform in size. Mouth hooks typically have one tooth. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 25 hours (24-49 hours after egg laying; 0-25 hours after hatching). L1 first instar larva FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00005337 Temporal ordering number - 410. first instar larval stage The first larval instar begins at hatching and ends at the first larval molt. Anterior spiracles are not yet present; posterior spiracles have two openings each. Salivary glands are very small and all cells are uniform in size. Mouth hooks typically have one tooth. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 25 hours (24-49 hours after egg laying; 0-25 hours after hatching). FlyBase:FBrf0007733 The second larval instar begins at the first larval molt and ends at the second larval molt. Larvae are actively feeding and crawling in the food. Distinct anterior spiracles are present as enlargements at the end of the tracheal trunk, but not open to the outside; posterior spiracles have three openings each, and four groups of small unbranched hairs. The salivary glands extend to the first abdominal segment, and have cells that are uniform in size. Mouth hooks typically have two or three teeth. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 23 hours (49-72 hours after egg laying; 25-48 hours after hatching). L2 second instar larva FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00005338 Temporal ordering number - 420. second instar larval stage The second larval instar begins at the first larval molt and ends at the second larval molt. Larvae are actively feeding and crawling in the food. Distinct anterior spiracles are present as enlargements at the end of the tracheal trunk, but not open to the outside; posterior spiracles have three openings each, and four groups of small unbranched hairs. The salivary glands extend to the first abdominal segment, and have cells that are uniform in size. Mouth hooks typically have two or three teeth. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 23 hours (49-72 hours after egg laying; 25-48 hours after hatching). FlyBase:FBrf0007733 The third larval instar begins at the second larval molt and ends at puparium formation. Anterior spiracles are open to the outside; posterior spiracles have three openings each, and four groups of large branched hairs. The salivary glands extend to the second abdominal segment, with cells larger in the posterior than in the anterior of the gland. Mouth hooks typically have 9-12 teeth. About 24 hours before pupariation (at 25 degree C), larvae stop feeding and climb away from their food. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 48 hours (72-120 hours after egg laying; 48-96 hours after hatching). L3 FlyBase_development_CV third instar larva FBdv:00005339 Temporal ordering number - 430. third instar larval stage The third larval instar begins at the second larval molt and ends at puparium formation. Anterior spiracles are open to the outside; posterior spiracles have three openings each, and four groups of large branched hairs. The salivary glands extend to the second abdominal segment, with cells larger in the posterior than in the anterior of the gland. Mouth hooks typically have 9-12 teeth. About 24 hours before pupariation (at 25 degree C), larvae stop feeding and climb away from their food. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 48 hours (72-120 hours after egg laying; 48-96 hours after hatching). FlyBase:FBrf0007733 The prepupal stage begins at puparium formation and ends when larval/pupal apolysis is complete, as indicated by the completion of imaginal head sac eversion and the expulsion of the oral armature of the larva. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 12 hours. (120-132.2 hours after egg laying; 0-12.2 hours after puparium formation). FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00005342 Temporal ordering number - 500. prepupal stage The prepupal stage begins at puparium formation and ends when larval/pupal apolysis is complete, as indicated by the completion of imaginal head sac eversion and the expulsion of the oral armature of the larva. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 12 hours. (120-132.2 hours after egg laying; 0-12.2 hours after puparium formation). FlyBase:FBrf0036849 FlyBase:FBrf0048355 The pupal stage starts once larval/pupal apolysis is complete as indicated by the expulsion of the larval armature. Early in this stage, the legs and wings reach full extension along the abdomen. The stage ends when the pupal cuticle separates from the underlying epidermis (pupal/adult apolysis), and the eye cup becomes yellow at its periphery. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 32 hours. (132.2-164.3 hours after egg laying; 12.2-44.3 hours after puparium formation). phanerocephalic pupa FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00005349 Temporal ordering number - 570. DISAMBIGUATION: In Drosophila lab vernacular, the term 'pupal stage' is often used to refer to the entire period from formation of the puparium to eclosion. However, this does not correspond to the standard usage of 'pupal stage' for Cyclorrhaphous flies (for discussion see: FBrf0087128). Briefly: formation of the puparium (hardening of the larval cuticle) marks the beginning of the pre-pupal stage. The pupal stage begins following pupal/larval apolysis - detachment of the larval epidermis from the puparium. In Drosophila, the outward sign of the completion of apolysis is the eversion of the head and expulsion of the larval mouthparts (FBrf0036849). We use P-stage to refer to the stage from pupariation to eclosion, and restrict pupal stage to its standard usage. pupal stage The pupal stage starts once larval/pupal apolysis is complete as indicated by the expulsion of the larval armature. Early in this stage, the legs and wings reach full extension along the abdomen. The stage ends when the pupal cuticle separates from the underlying epidermis (pupal/adult apolysis), and the eye cup becomes yellow at its periphery. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 32 hours. (132.2-164.3 hours after egg laying; 12.2-44.3 hours after puparium formation). FlyBase:FBrf0036849 FlyBase:FBrf0048355 phanerocephalic pupa FlyBase:FBrf0036849 The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from eclosion to death. FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00005369 Temporal ordering number - 770. adult stage The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from eclosion to death. FBC:DOS Newly eclosed adult stage. Animal free of pupal case. Runs rapidly to find site for wing expansion. Wings are folded back and black against a very pale abdomen. FBdv:00005373 FlyBase_development_CV adult stage I FBdv:00005370 Temporal ordering number - 785. The time at which eclosed flies settle down for wing expansion can vary greatly. If they fail to find a suitable site then expansion can be delayed by several hours. adult stage A1 Newly eclosed adult stage. Animal free of pupal case. Runs rapidly to find site for wing expansion. Wings are folded back and black against a very pale abdomen. FlyBase:FBrf0049147 Stage, shortly after eclosion, during which the wings expand. During wing expansion, the abdomen pulsates and the hind legs stroke the wings vigorously for several minutes at a time. The stage ends when the wings are folded down over the abdomen, which has become broader and shorter, and the wing cuticle has lost its folds. The stage lasts around 15 minutes at 25'C. FBdv:00005374 FlyBase_development_CV adult stage II FBdv:00005371 Temporal ordering number - 790. adult stage A2 Stage, shortly after eclosion, during which the wings expand. During wing expansion, the abdomen pulsates and the hind legs stroke the wings vigorously for several minutes at a time. The stage ends when the wings are folded down over the abdomen, which has become broader and shorter, and the wing cuticle has lost its folds. The stage lasts around 15 minutes at 25'C. FlyBase:FBrf0049147 The developing adult after pupal-adult apolysis , i.e.- from stage P8 (when yellow eye color first becomes visible through the pupal case), to eclosion. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 55.7 hours (164.3-220 hours after egg laying; 44.3-100 hours after puparium formation). FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00006011 Temporal ordering number - 625. pharate adult stage The developing adult after pupal-adult apolysis , i.e.- from stage P8 (when yellow eye color first becomes visible through the pupal case), to eclosion. Duration at 25 degrees C: approximately 55.7 hours (164.3-220 hours after egg laying; 44.3-100 hours after puparium formation). FlyBase:FBrf0036849 FlyBase:FBrf0048355 FlyBase:FBrf0049147 Adult stage immediately after wing expansion, during which tanning of the cuticle is completed. This stage lasts approximately 45 minutes at 25'C. FBdv:00005375 FlyBase_development_CV adult stage III FBdv:00006012 Temporal ordering number - 800. adult stage A3 Adult stage immediately after wing expansion, during which tanning of the cuticle is completed. This stage lasts approximately 45 minutes at 25'C. FlyBase:FBrf0049147 The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from the formation of the puparium (beginning of the prepupal stage) to eclosion. david 2008-06-05T04:51:40Z metamorphosis FlyBase_development_CV pupal stage FBdv:00007001 Temporal ordering number - 490. DISAMBIGUATION: In Drosophila lab vernacular, the term 'pupal stage' is often used to refer to the entire period from formation of the puparium to eclosion. However, this does not correspond to the standard usage of 'pupal stage' for Cyclorrhaphous flies (for discussion see: FBrf0087128). Briefly: formation of the puparium (hardening of the larval cuticle) marks the beginning of the pre-pupal stage. The pupal stage begins following pupal/larval apolysis - detachment of the larval epidermis from the puparium. In Drosophila, the outward sign of the completion of apolysis is the eversion of the head an expulsion of the larval mouthparts (FBrf0036849). We use P-stage to refer to the stage from pupariation to eclosion, and restrict pupal stage to its standard usage. P-stage The stage of the Drosophila life-cycle from the formation of the puparium (beginning of the prepupal stage) to eclosion. FBC:DOS A temporal subdivision of a Drosophila life, delimited by major transitions in the circumstances of the organism, such as: fertilisation; hatching; pupal ecdysis; eclosion. djs93 2009-10-01T05:59:22Z FlyBase_development_CV life cycle stage FBdv:00007012 life stage A temporal subdivision of a Drosophila life, delimited by major transitions in the circumstances of the organism, such as: fertilisation; hatching; pupal ecdysis; eclosion. FBC:DOS The developmental stage that lasts from eclosion of the adult from the pupal case until tanning is complete (the end of adult stage A3). djs93 2013-01-08T20:06:59Z FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00007025 Temporal ordering number - 782. immature adult stage The developmental stage that lasts from eclosion of the adult from the pupal case until tanning is complete (the end of adult stage A3). FBC:DOS Life stage from the end of adult stage A3, when tanning is complete, to death. djs93 2013-01-10T13:03:54Z FlyBase_development_CV FBdv:00007026 mature adult stage Life stage from the end of adult stage A3, when tanning is complete, to death. FBC:DOS The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms. GO:0019952 GO:0050876 Wikipedia:Reproduction reproductive physiological process biological_process GO:0000003 reproduction The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete GOC:jl ISBN:0198506732 Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent. GO:0007067 Reactome:REACT_100451 Reactome:REACT_104035 Reactome:REACT_104195 Reactome:REACT_105856 Reactome:REACT_108233 Reactome:REACT_152 Reactome:REACT_28464 Reactome:REACT_28953 Reactome:REACT_33388 Reactome:REACT_53493 Reactome:REACT_79085 Reactome:REACT_84794 Reactome:REACT_85137 Reactome:REACT_85950 Reactome:REACT_90332 Reactome:REACT_90846 Reactome:REACT_96281 Reactome:REACT_97744 Reactome:REACT_98208 Wikipedia:Mitosis biological_process mitosis GO:0000278 mitotic cell cycle Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent. GOC:mah ISBN:0815316194 Reactome:69278 Reactome:REACT_100451 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_104035 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_104195 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_105856 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_108233 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_152 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_28464 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_28953 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_33388 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_53493 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_79085 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_84794 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_85137 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_85950 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_90332 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_90846 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_96281 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_97744 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_98208 Cell Cycle, Mitotic, Mycobacterium tuberculosis The division of the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of a cell and its partitioning into two daughter cells. GO:0007104 GO:0016288 GO:0033205 Reactome:REACT_101918 Reactome:REACT_108805 Reactome:REACT_1932 Reactome:REACT_30667 Reactome:REACT_32636 Reactome:REACT_78494 Reactome:REACT_84722 Reactome:REACT_87726 Reactome:REACT_92849 Reactome:REACT_93374 Reactome:REACT_94382 Reactome:REACT_98952 Reactome:REACT_99118 Wikipedia:Cytokinesis cell cycle cytokinesis cytokinesis involved in cell cycle biological_process GO:0000910 Note that when annotating eukaryotic species, mitotic or meiotic cytokinesis should always be specified for manual annotation and for prokaryotic species use 'FtsZ-dependent cytokinesis ; GO:0043093' or Cdv-dependent cytokinesis ; GO:0061639. Also, note that cytokinesis does not necessarily result in physical separation and detachment of the two daughter cells from each other. cytokinesis The division of the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of a cell and its partitioning into two daughter cells. GOC:mtg_cell_cycle Reactome:REACT_101918 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_108805 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_1932 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_30667 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_32636 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_78494 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_84722 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_87726 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_92849 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_93374 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_94382 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_98952 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_99118 Mitotic Telophase /Cytokinesis, Caenorhabditis elegans cytokinesis involved in cell cycle GOC:dph GOC:tb Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates. establishment of planar cell polarity biological_process GO:0001736 establishment of planar polarity Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates. GOC:dph The morphogenetic process in which the anatomical structures of a polarized epithelium are generated and organized. A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis. epithelial polarization biological_process GO:0001738 morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium The morphogenetic process in which the anatomical structures of a polarized epithelium are generated and organized. A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis. GOC:dph epithelial polarization GOC:dph The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube. epithelium morphogenesis biological_process GO:0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube. GOC:dph GOC:jl GOC:tb ISBN:0198506732 Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. Wikipedia:Immune_system biological_process GO:0002376 Note that this term is a direct child of 'biological_process ; GO:0008150' because some immune system processes are types of cellular process (GO:0009987), whereas others are types of multicellular organism process (GO:0032501). This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. immune system process Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. GOC:add GOC:mtg_15nov05 GO_REF:0000022 The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of an axis or axes in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment. biological_process pattern formation GO:0003002 regionalization The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of an axis or axes in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete pattern formation GOC:dph A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. puberty biological_process reproductive developmental process GO:0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete puberty GOC:dph reproductive developmental process GOC:dph GOC:tb A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective. organ system process biological_process GO:0003008 system process A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective. GOC:mtg_cardio The part of a cell, extracellular environment or virus in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. GO:0008372 NIF_Subcellular:sao-1337158144 NIF_Subcellular:sao1337158144 cell or subcellular entity cellular component cellular_component subcellular entity GO:0005575 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the cellular component ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose cellular component is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the cellular component of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. cellular_component The part of a cell, extracellular environment or virus in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. GOC:go_curators NIF_Subcellular:sao-1337158144 subcellular entity NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_100315 The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. NIF_Subcellular:sao1813327414 Wikipedia:Cell_(biology) cellular_component GO:0005623 cell The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. GOC:go_curators Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. GO:0055134 cellular nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process cellular nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism biological_process nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process GO:0006139 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. GOC:ai nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process GOC:dph GOC:tb Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides. GO:0055132 DNA metabolism cellular DNA metabolism biological_process GO:0006259 DNA metabolic process Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides. ISBN:0198506732 The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. Reactome:REACT_102034 Reactome:REACT_106650 Reactome:REACT_107446 Reactome:REACT_107692 Reactome:REACT_107752 Reactome:REACT_108864 Reactome:REACT_108881 Reactome:REACT_108903 Reactome:REACT_109956 Reactome:REACT_115642 Reactome:REACT_115836 Reactome:REACT_127 Reactome:REACT_216 Reactome:REACT_29531 Reactome:REACT_29636 Reactome:REACT_78051 Reactome:REACT_82907 Reactome:REACT_83608 Reactome:REACT_83660 Reactome:REACT_84835 Reactome:REACT_85522 Reactome:REACT_86513 Reactome:REACT_86902 Reactome:REACT_88201 Reactome:REACT_88946 Reactome:REACT_89524 Reactome:REACT_90385 Reactome:REACT_90952 Reactome:REACT_91094 Reactome:REACT_91330 Reactome:REACT_91442 Reactome:REACT_91576 Reactome:REACT_92707 Reactome:REACT_93704 Reactome:REACT_94204 Reactome:REACT_94769 Reactome:REACT_95050 Reactome:REACT_95158 Reactome:REACT_96052 Reactome:REACT_96452 Reactome:REACT_99277 Wikipedia:DNA_repair biological_process GO:0006281 DNA repair The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. PMID:11563486 Reactome:REACT_102034 DNA Repair, Staphylococcus aureus N315 Reactome:REACT_106650 DNA Damage Reversal, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_107446 DNA Repair, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_107692 DNA Damage Reversal, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_107752 DNA Repair, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_108864 DNA Damage Reversal, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_108881 DNA Damage Reversal, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_108903 DNA Repair, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_109956 DNA Repair, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_115642 DNA repair, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_115836 Fanconi Anemia Pathway in DNA repair, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_127 DNA Damage Reversal, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_216 DNA Repair, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_29531 DNA Damage Reversal, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_29636 DNA Damage Reversal, Staphylococcus aureus N315 Reactome:REACT_78051 DNA Damage Reversal, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_82907 DNA Repair, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_83608 DNA Damage Reversal, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_83660 DNA Repair, Escherichia coli Reactome:REACT_84835 DNA Damage Reversal, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_85522 DNA Repair, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_86513 DNA Repair, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_86902 DNA Repair, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_88201 DNA Repair, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_88946 DNA Damage Reversal, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_89524 DNA Damage Reversal, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_90385 DNA Repair, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_90952 DNA Damage Reversal, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_91094 DNA Repair, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_91330 DNA Repair, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_91442 DNA Repair, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_91576 DNA Damage Reversal, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_92707 DNA Repair, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_93704 DNA Repair, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_94204 DNA Repair, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_94769 DNA Repair, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_95050 DNA Damage Reversal, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_95158 DNA Damage Reversal, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_96052 DNA Repair, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_96452 DNA Damage Reversal, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_99277 DNA Damage Reversal, Mus musculus The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells. aromatic compound metabolism aromatic hydrocarbon metabolic process aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism biological_process GO:0006725 cellular aromatic compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells. GOC:ai ISBN:0198506732 The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen. nitrogen compound metabolism biological_process GO:0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen. CHEBI:51143 GOC:go_curators GOC:jl ISBN:0198506732 The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein. GO:0015457 GO:0015460 small molecule transport solute:solute exchange biological_process auxiliary transport protein activity transport accessory protein activity GO:0006810 transport The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein. GOC:dos GOC:dph GOC:jl GOC:mah auxiliary transport protein activity GOC:mah transport accessory protein activity GOC:mah A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle. Exocytosis can occur either by full fusion, when the vesicle collapses into the plasma membrane, or by a kiss-and-run mechanism that involves the formation of a transient contact, a pore, between a granule (for exemple of chromaffin cells) and the plasma membrane. The latter process most of the time leads to only partial secretion of the granule content. Exocytosis begins with steps that prepare vesicles for fusion with the membrane (tethering and docking) and ends when molecules are secreted from the cell. GO:0016194 GO:0016195 Wikipedia:Exocytosis vesicle exocytosis biological_process nonselective vesicle exocytosis GO:0006887 exocytosis A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle. Exocytosis can occur either by full fusion, when the vesicle collapses into the plasma membrane, or by a kiss-and-run mechanism that involves the formation of a transient contact, a pore, between a granule (for exemple of chromaffin cells) and the plasma membrane. The latter process most of the time leads to only partial secretion of the granule content. Exocytosis begins with steps that prepare vesicles for fusion with the membrane (tethering and docking) and ends when molecules are secreted from the cell. GOC:mah ISBN:0716731363 PMID:22323285 A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. GO:0016193 GO:0016196 Wikipedia:Endocytosis plasma membrane invagination vesicle endocytosis biological_process nonselective vesicle endocytosis GO:0006897 endocytosis A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. GOC:mah ISBN:0198506732 ISBN:0716731363 The directed, self-propelled movement of a cell or subcellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore. cellular component motion cellular component movement biological_process cell movement GO:0006928 Note that in GO cellular components include whole cells (cell is_a cellular component). movement of cell or subcellular component The directed, self-propelled movement of a cell or subcellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore. GOC:dgh GOC:dph GOC:jl GOC:mlg cellular component motion GOC:dph GOC:jl Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). biological_process response to abiotic stress response to biotic stress GO:0006950 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GOC:mah Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. biological_process GO:0006955 This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was redefined and moved. immune response Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. GOC:add GOC:mtg_15nov05 GO_REF:0000022 Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. osmotic response osmotic stress response biological_process GO:0006970 response to osmotic stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. GOC:jl Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism. GO:0034984 response to DNA damage stimulus DNA damage response cellular DNA damage response response to genotoxic stress biological_process GO:0006974 cellular response to DNA damage stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism. GOC:go_curators Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. biological_process GO:0006979 response to oxidative stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. GOC:jl PMID:12115731 The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. Wikipedia:Cell_cycle cell-division cycle biological_process GO:0007049 cell cycle The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. GOC:go_curators GOC:mtg_cell_cycle A mitotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are replicated and sister chromatids separate, but spindle formation, nuclear membrane breakdown and nuclear division do not occur, resulting in an increased number of chromosomes in the cell. Wikipedia:Mitosis#Endomitosis biological_process endomitosis GO:0007113 Note that this term should not be confused with 'abortive mitotic cell cycle ; GO:0033277'. Although abortive mitosis is sometimes called endomitosis, GO:0033277 refers to a process in which a mitotic spindle forms and chromosome separation begins. endomitotic cell cycle A mitotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are replicated and sister chromatids separate, but spindle formation, nuclear membrane breakdown and nuclear division do not occur, resulting in an increased number of chromosomes in the cell. GOC:curators GOC:dos GOC:expert_vm The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. Wikipedia:Cell_adhesion biological_process cell adhesion molecule activity GO:0007155 cell adhesion The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. GOC:hb GOC:pf Coordinated organization of groups of cells in a tissue, such that they all orient to similar coordinates. biological_process GO:0007164 establishment of tissue polarity Coordinated organization of groups of cells in a tissue, such that they all orient to similar coordinates. GOC:jid The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). biological_process GO:0007275 Note that this term was 'developmental process'. multicellular organism development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). GOC:dph GOC:ems GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. biological_process pattern biosynthesis pattern formation GO:0007389 pattern specification process Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete ISBN:0521436125 Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of sexual status of an individual organism. Wikipedia:Sex-determination_system biological_process GO:0007530 sex determination Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of sexual status of an individual organism. ISBN:0198506732 Compensating for the variation in the unpaired sex chromosome:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by activation or inactivation of genes on one or both of the sex chromosomes. Wikipedia:Dosage_compensation biological_process GO:0007549 dosage compensation Compensating for the variation in the unpaired sex chromosome:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by activation or inactivation of genes on one or both of the sex chromosomes. GOC:ems ISBN:0140512888 PMID:11498577 The emergence of an adult insect from a pupa case. Wikipedia:Pupa#Emergence biological_process GO:0007562 eclosion The emergence of an adult insect from a pupa case. GOC:dgh GOC:dos GOC:mah ISBN:0198600461 A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). GO:0016280 Wikipedia:Aging ageing biological_process GO:0007568 aging A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). GOC:PO_curators Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus. response to nutrients nutritional response pathway biological_process GO:0007584 response to nutrient Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus. GOC:go_curators The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. Wikipedia:Perception biological_process GO:0007600 sensory perception The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. GOC:ai GOC:dph The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound. Wikipedia:Hearing_(sense) hearing perception of sound biological_process GO:0007605 sensory perception of sound The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound. GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory chemical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. chemosensory perception biological_process GO:0007606 sensory perception of chemical stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory chemical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process. Wikipedia:Olfaction olfaction scent perception sense of smell smell perception biological_process GO:0007608 sensory perception of smell The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process. GOC:ai http://www.onelook.com/ The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli. Wikipedia:Behavior behavioral response to stimulus behaviour behavioural response to stimulus biological_process GO:0007610 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. behavior The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli. GOC:ems GOC:jl ISBN:0395448956 PMID:20160973 The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time. biological_process GO:0007611 learning or memory The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time. GOC:jid PMID:8938125 Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience. Wikipedia:Learning biological_process GO:0007612 learning Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience. ISBN:0582227089 ISBN:0721662544 The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task). Wikipedia:Memory biological_process GO:0007613 memory The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task). GOC:curators ISBN:0582227089 http://www.onelook.com/ The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes. Wikipedia:Mating_behaviour mating behaviour biological_process GO:0007617 mating behavior The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes. GOC:ai GOC:dph The pairwise union of individuals for the purpose of sexual reproduction, ultimately resulting in the formation of zygotes. biological_process GO:0007618 mating The pairwise union of individuals for the purpose of sexual reproduction, ultimately resulting in the formation of zygotes. GOC:jl ISBN:0387520546 The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of attracting sexual partners. courtship behaviour biological_process GO:0007619 courtship behavior The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of attracting sexual partners. GOC:ai GOC:dph The act of sexual union between male and female, involving the transfer of sperm. biological_process GO:0007620 copulation The act of sexual union between male and female, involving the transfer of sperm. ISBN:0721662544 The specific behavior of an organism that recur with measured regularity. rhythmic behavioral response to stimulus rhythmic behaviour rhythmic behavioural response to stimulus biological_process GO:0007622 rhythmic behavior The specific behavior of an organism that recur with measured regularity. GOC:jl GOC:pr Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. GO:0050895 Wikipedia:Circadian_rhythm circadian process biological_process circadian response response to circadian rhythm GO:0007623 circadian rhythm Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. GOC:bf GOC:go_curators The specific behavior of an organism relating to grooming, cleaning and brushing to remove dirt and parasites. grooming behaviour biological_process GO:0007625 grooming behavior The specific behavior of an organism relating to grooming, cleaning and brushing to remove dirt and parasites. GOC:jl GOC:pr The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions. behavior via locomotion locomotion in response to stimulus locomotory behavioral response to stimulus locomotory behaviour locomotory behavioural response to stimulus biological_process GO:0007626 locomotory behavior The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions. GOC:dph The sudden, usually upward, movement off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs, following exposure to an external stimulus. biological_process GO:0007630 jump response The sudden, usually upward, movement off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs, following exposure to an external stimulus. GOC:jid ISBN:0198606907 Behavior associated with the intake of food. Wikipedia:List_of_feeding_behaviours behavioral response to food behavioural response to food feeding behaviour drinking eating biological_process GO:0007631 See also the biological process term 'behavior ; GO:0007610'. feeding behavior Behavior associated with the intake of food. GOC:mah The behavior of an organism in response to a visual stimulus. behavioral response to visual stimulus behavioural response to visual stimulus visual behaviour biological_process GO:0007632 visual behavior The behavior of an organism in response to a visual stimulus. GOC:jid GOC:pr The behavior of an organism pertaining to movement of the eyes and of objects in the visual field, as in nystagmus. optokinetic behaviour biological_process GO:0007634 optokinetic behavior The behavior of an organism pertaining to movement of the eyes and of objects in the visual field, as in nystagmus. GOC:jid GOC:pr http://www.mercksource.com Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of chemicals. behavioral response to chemical stimulus behavioural response to chemical stimulus chemosensory behaviour biological_process GO:0007635 chemosensory behavior Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of chemicals. GOC:go_curators The extension, through direct muscle actions, of the proboscis (the trunk-like extension of the mouthparts on the adult external head) in response to a sugar stimulus. behavioral response to sugar stimulus, proboscis extension proboscis extension in response to sugar stimulus biological_process GO:0007637 proboscis extension reflex The extension, through direct muscle actions, of the proboscis (the trunk-like extension of the mouthparts on the adult external head) in response to a sugar stimulus. FB:FBrf0044924 GOC:jid The behavior of a male, for the purpose of attracting a sexual partner. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. GO:0016542 male courtship behaviour biological_process GO:0008049 male courtship behavior The behavior of a male, for the purpose of attracting a sexual partner. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. GOC:mtg_sensu GOC:pr The timing of the emergence of the adult fly from its pupal case, which usually occurs at dawn. biological_process GO:0008062 eclosion rhythm The timing of the emergence of the adult fly from its pupal case, which usually occurs at dawn. PMID:11715043 Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GO:0000004 GO:0007582 Wikipedia:Biological_process biological process physiological process biological_process GO:0008150 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. biological_process Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. Wikipedia:Metabolism metabolism metabolic process resulting in cell growth metabolism resulting in cell growth biological_process GO:0008152 Note that metabolic processes do not include single functions or processes such as protein-protein interactions, protein-nucleic acids, nor receptor-ligand interactions. metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. GOC:go_curators ISBN:0198547684 Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538). biological_process accidental cell death necrosis GO:0008219 This term should not be used for direct annotation. The only exception should be when experimental data (e.g., staining with trypan blue or propidium iodide) show that cell death has occurred, but fail to provide details on death modality (accidental versus programmed). When information is provided on the cell death mechanism, annotations should be made to the appropriate descendant of 'cell death' (such as, but not limited to, GO:0097300 'programmed necrotic cell death' or GO:0006915 'apoptotic process'). Also, if experimental data suggest that a gene product influences cell death indirectly, rather than being involved in the death process directly, consider annotating to a 'regulation' term. cell death Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538). GOC:mah GOC:mtg_apoptosis PMID:25236395 Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. adult locomotory behaviour biological_process GO:0008344 See also the biological process term 'locomotory behavior ; GO:0007626'. adult locomotory behavior Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. GOC:ai Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus. response to thermal stimulus biological_process GO:0009266 response to temperature stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus. GOC:hb Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. response to electromagnetic radiation stimulus response to radiation stimulus biological_process GO:0009314 Note that 'radiation' refers to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength. response to radiation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. GOC:jl Wikipedia:Electromagnetic_radiation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. GO:0006951 response to heat shock biological_process GO:0009408 response to heat Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. GOC:lr Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism. biological_process freezing tolerance GO:0009409 response to cold Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism. GOC:lr Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. biological_process GO:0009416 response to light stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. GOC:go_curators ISBN:0582227089 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. energytaxis taxis in response to energy source biological_process GO:0009453 energy taxis The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. GOC:jl PMID:11029423 Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. response to environmental stimulus biological_process GO:0009605 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to external stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. GOC:hb Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism. GO:0002245 physiological response to wounding biological_process GO:0009611 response to wounding Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism. GOC:go_curators Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. response to abiotic stress biological_process GO:0009628 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to abiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. GOC:hb Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus. response to gravitational stimulus biological_process GO:0009629 response to gravity Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus. GOC:hb Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length, measured relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species. Wikipedia:Photoperiodism response to day length response to night length response to photoperiod biological_process GO:0009648 photoperiodism Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length, measured relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species. GOC:jid GOC:pj ISBN:0582015952 ISBN:0697037754 ISBN:0709408862 The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light. biological_process regulation of circadian rhythm phase GO:0009649 entrainment of circadian clock The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light. GOC:jid The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. embryogenesis and morphogenesis Wikipedia:Morphogenesis anatomical structure organization morphogenesis biological_process GO:0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. GOC:go_curators ISBN:0521436125 The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or around a point. biological_process axis determination GO:0009798 axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or around a point. GOC:dph GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. histogenesis and organogenesis Wikipedia:Histogenesis histogenesis biological_process GO:0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. ISBN:0471245208 The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. dorsal-ventral axis specification dorsoventral axis specification biological_process dorsal/ventral axis determination GO:0009950 dorsal/ventral axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. GOC:dph GOC:go_curators GOC:tb dorsal-ventral axis specification GOC:mah dorsoventral axis specification GOC:mah dorsal/ventral axis determination GOC:dph The regionalization process in which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. dorsal-ventral pattern formation dorsoventral pattern formation dorsal/ventral pattern specification biological_process GO:0009953 dorsal/ventral pattern formation The regionalization process in which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. GOC:dph GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb dorsal-ventral pattern formation GOC:mah dorsoventral pattern formation GOC:mah Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GO:0008151 GO:0050875 cell physiology cellular physiological process cell growth and/or maintenance biological_process GO:0009987 cellular process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus. biological_process GO:0009991 response to extracellular stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus. GOC:go_curators The infolding of a membrane. biological_process GO:0010324 membrane invagination The infolding of a membrane. GOC:tb The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. Reactome:REACT_100537 Reactome:REACT_101147 Reactome:REACT_101952 Reactome:REACT_105649 Reactome:REACT_108313 Reactome:REACT_29068 Reactome:REACT_34240 Reactome:REACT_71 Reactome:REACT_78136 Reactome:REACT_78959 Reactome:REACT_79662 Reactome:REACT_85241 Reactome:REACT_85359 Reactome:REACT_86357 Reactome:REACT_89816 Reactome:REACT_91657 Reactome:REACT_91965 Reactome:REACT_93586 Reactome:REACT_93968 Reactome:REACT_94814 Reactome:REACT_98256 Wikipedia:Gene_expression biological_process GO:0010467 gene expression The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. GOC:dph GOC:tb Reactome:REACT_100537 Gene Expression, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_101147 Gene Expression, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_101952 Gene Expression, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_105649 Gene Expression, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_108313 Gene Expression, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_29068 Gene Expression, Escherichia coli Reactome:REACT_34240 Gene Expression, Staphylococcus aureus N315 Reactome:REACT_71 Gene Expression, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_78136 Gene Expression, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_78959 Gene Expression, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_79662 Gene Expression, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_85241 Gene Expression, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_85359 Gene Expression, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_86357 Gene Expression, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_89816 Gene Expression, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_91657 Gene Expression, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_91965 Gene Expression, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_93586 Gene Expression, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_93968 Gene Expression, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_94814 Gene Expression, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_98256 Gene Expression, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. Wikipedia:Regulation_of_gene_expression regulation of protein expression biological_process regulation of gene product expression GO:0010468 This class covers any process that regulates the rate of production of a mature gene product, and so includes processes that regulate that rate by regulating the level, stability or availability of intermediates in the process of gene expression. For example, it covers any process that regulates the level, stability or availability of mRNA or circRNA for translation and thereby regulates the rate of production of the encoded protein via translation. regulation of gene expression Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. GOC:dph GOC:tb regulation of protein expression GOC:curators regulation of gene product expression GOC:curators Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death. biological_process GO:0010941 regulation of cell death Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death. GOC:dph GOC:tb A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. GO:0044235 GO:0071842 cell organisation cellular component organisation at cellular level cellular component organisation in other organism cellular component organization at cellular level cellular component organization in other organism biological_process cell organization and biogenesis GO:0016043 cellular component organization A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. GOC:ai GOC:jl GOC:mah cellular component organisation at cellular level GOC:mah cellular component organisation in other organism GOC:mah cell organization and biogenesis GOC:mah The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. GO:0048591 cellular growth growth of cell biological_process cell expansion metabolic process resulting in cell growth metabolism resulting in cell growth non-developmental cell growth non-developmental growth of a unicellular organism GO:0016049 cell growth The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. GOC:ai non-developmental cell growth GOC:mah non-developmental growth of a unicellular organism GOC:mah A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. GO:0006899 vesicle transport vesicular transport nonselective vesicle transport biological_process protein sorting along secretory pathway vesicle trafficking GO:0016192 vesicle-mediated transport A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. GOC:ai GOC:mah ISBN:08789310662000 vesicular transport GOC:mah OBSOLETE. A permanent cessation of all vital functions: the end of life; can be applied to a whole organism or to a part of an organism. GO:0008219 GO:0012501 Wikipedia:Death biological_process GO:0016265 This term was made obsolete because it refers to a phenotype. When death of a cell or tissue is a result of a true biological process, this should be captured using 'programmed cell death' or one of its descendants. obsolete death true OBSOLETE. A permanent cessation of all vital functions: the end of life; can be applied to a whole organism or to a part of an organism. GOC:mah GOC:mtg_apoptosis ISBN:0877797099 The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. Wikipedia:Cell_migration biological_process GO:0016477 cell migration The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. GOC:cjm GOC:dph GOC:ems GOC:pf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_migration The process during courtship where the male insect vibrates his wings. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. male courtship behaviour, veined wing vibration biological_process male courtship behavior, wing vibration male courtship behaviour, wing vibration GO:0016545 male courtship behavior, veined wing vibration The process during courtship where the male insect vibrates his wings. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. GOC:mtg_sensu PMID:11092827 The deposition of eggs (either fertilized or not) upon a surface or into a medium such as water. egg laying egg-laying Wikipedia:Oviposition biological_process GO:0018991 oviposition The deposition of eggs (either fertilized or not) upon a surface or into a medium such as water. GOC:ems The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction. GO:0033057 reproductive behavior in a multicellular organism reproductive behaviour multicellular organism reproductive behavior biological_process GO:0019098 reproductive behavior The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction. GOC:jl GOC:pr reproductive behavior in a multicellular organism GOC:curators Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. regulation of metabolism biological_process GO:0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. GOC:go_curators A reproduction process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms. It occurs both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes: in multicellular eukaryotic organisms, an individual is created anew; in prokaryotes, the initial cell has additional or transformed genetic material. In a process called genetic recombination, genetic material (DNA) originating from two different individuals (parents) join up so that homologous sequences are aligned with each other, and this is followed by exchange of genetic information. After the new recombinant chromosome is formed, it is passed on to progeny. Wikipedia:Sexual_reproduction biological_process GO:0019953 Sexual reproduction may be seen as the regular alternation, in the life cycle of haplontic, diplontic and diplohaplontic organisms, of meiosis and fertilization which provides for the production offspring. In diplontic organisms there is a life cycle in which the products of meiosis behave directly as gametes, fusing to form a zygote from which the diploid, or sexually reproductive polyploid, adult organism will develop. In diplohaplontic organisms a haploid phase (gametophyte) exists in the life cycle between meiosis and fertilization (e.g. higher plants, many algae and Fungi); the products of meiosis are spores that develop as haploid individuals from which haploid gametes develop to form a diploid zygote; diplohaplontic organisms show an alternation of haploid and diploid generations. In haplontic organisms meiosis occurs in the zygote, giving rise to four haploid cells (e.g. many algae and protozoa), only the zygote is diploid and this may form a resistant spore, tiding organisms over hard times. sexual reproduction A reproduction process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms. It occurs both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes: in multicellular eukaryotic organisms, an individual is created anew; in prokaryotes, the initial cell has additional or transformed genetic material. In a process called genetic recombination, genetic material (DNA) originating from two different individuals (parents) join up so that homologous sequences are aligned with each other, and this is followed by exchange of genetic information. After the new recombinant chromosome is formed, it is passed on to progeny. GOC:jl ISBN:0387520546 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_reproduction The cellular process that ensures successive accurate and complete genome replication and chromosome segregation. biological_process GO:0022402 cell cycle process The cellular process that ensures successive accurate and complete genome replication and chromosome segregation. GOC:isa_complete GOC:mtg_cell_cycle A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. biological_process GO:0022414 reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete The attachment of a cell or organism to a substrate, another cell, or other organism. Biological adhesion includes intracellular attachment between membrane regions. biological_process GO:0022610 biological adhesion The attachment of a cell or organism to a substrate, another cell, or other organism. Biological adhesion includes intracellular attachment between membrane regions. GOC:isa_complete A developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. multicellular organism dormancy process spore dormancy process biological_process GO:0022611 In plants and animals, dormancy may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. In plants, dormancy may involve the formation of dormant buds, and may be preceded by the senescence of plant parts such as leaves in woody plants or most of the shoot system in herbaceous perennials. The exit from dormancy in vascular plants is marked by resumed growth of buds and/or growth of vascular cambium. dormancy process A developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. GOC:PO_curators GOC:isa_complete PO_REF:00009 spore dormancy process GOC:PO_curators Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity. Usually accompanied by physical relaxation, the onset of sleep in humans and other mammals is marked by a change in the electrical activity of the brain. Wikipedia:Sleep biological_process diapause dormancy lethargus GO:0030431 sleep Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity. Usually accompanied by physical relaxation, the onset of sleep in humans and other mammals is marked by a change in the electrical activity of the brain. ISBN:0192800981 Behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. adult behavioral response to stimulus adult behaviour adult behavioural response to stimulus biological_process GO:0030534 See also the biological process term 'behavior ; GO:0007610'. adult behavior Behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. GOC:mah ISBN:0877797099 Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients. biological_process GO:0031667 response to nutrient levels Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients. GOC:mah Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. GO:0050874 organismal physiological process biological_process GO:0032501 multicellular organismal process Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. GOC:curators GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. development biological_process GO:0032502 developmental process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. GOC:isa_complete The biological process in which new individuals are produced by one or two multicellular organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. biological_process GO:0032504 multicellular organism reproduction The biological process in which new individuals are produced by one or two multicellular organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. GOC:isa_complete GOC:jid The controlled release of a substance by a cell. Wikipedia:Secretion cellular secretion biological_process GO:0032940 secretion by cell The controlled release of a substance by a cell. GOC:mah Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). biological_process GO:0033554 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. cellular response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GOC:mah Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). biological_process GO:0033555 multicellular organismal response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GOC:mah The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds, as carried out by individual cells. Reactome:REACT_102000 Reactome:REACT_103710 Reactome:REACT_107293 Reactome:REACT_108179 Reactome:REACT_109042 Reactome:REACT_13 Reactome:REACT_28699 Reactome:REACT_29108 Reactome:REACT_32429 Reactome:REACT_33347 Reactome:REACT_34326 Reactome:REACT_55564 Reactome:REACT_77741 Reactome:REACT_82379 Reactome:REACT_86268 Reactome:REACT_90299 Reactome:REACT_91959 Reactome:REACT_93580 Reactome:REACT_95666 Reactome:REACT_98086 Reactome:REACT_99241 cellular nitrogen compound metabolism biological_process GO:0034641 cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds, as carried out by individual cells. GOC:mah Reactome:REACT_102000 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_103710 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Escherichia coli Reactome:REACT_107293 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_108179 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_109042 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_13 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_28699 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_29108 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_32429 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_33347 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_34326 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Staphylococcus aureus N315 Reactome:REACT_55564 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_77741 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_82379 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_86268 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_90299 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_91959 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_93580 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_95666 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_98086 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_99241 Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, Schizosaccharomyces pombe The specific behavior of an organism during the emergence from an egg shell. In Drosophila for example, the larva swings its head reiteratively through a semicircular arc, using its mouth hooks to tear apart the chorion in front of it and thus free itself from within the egg shell. hatching behaviour biological_process GO:0035187 hatching behavior The specific behavior of an organism during the emergence from an egg shell. In Drosophila for example, the larva swings its head reiteratively through a semicircular arc, using its mouth hooks to tear apart the chorion in front of it and thus free itself from within the egg shell. GOC:pr PMID:10436051 The emergence of an immature organism from a protective structure. biological_process GO:0035188 hatching The emergence of an immature organism from a protective structure. GOC:dgh GOC:isa_complete ISBN:0198612001 The fluctuation in mating behavior that occurs over an approximately 24 hour cycle. circadian mating behaviour circadian mating rhythm biological_process GO:0035648 circadian mating behavior The fluctuation in mating behavior that occurs over an approximately 24 hour cycle. GOC:bf GOC:dos PMID:11470898 PMID:17276917 circadian mating behaviour GOC:bf circadian mating rhythm GOC:dos The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell. GO:0048590 biological_process growth pattern non-developmental growth GO:0040007 See also the biological process term 'cell growth ; GO:0016049'. growth The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell. GOC:bf GOC:ma non-developmental growth GOC:mah Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another. biological_process GO:0040011 locomotion Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another. GOC:dgh Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression; the process is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence. biological_process GO:0040029 regulation of gene expression, epigenetic Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression; the process is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence. PMID:10521337 PMID:11498582 The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. Wikipedia:Wound_healing biological_process GO:0042060 wound healing The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. GOC:bf PMID:15269788 Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus. response to chemical stimulus response to chemical substance biological_process GO:0042221 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus. GOC:jl response to chemical stimulus GOC:dos The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to an external stimulus. Wikipedia:Taxis directed movement in response to stimulus biological_process GO:0042330 taxis The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to an external stimulus. GOC:jl ISBN:0192801023 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to light. GO:0046953 Wikipedia:Phototaxis phototactic behavior phototactic behaviour taxis in response to light biological_process GO:0042331 phototaxis The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to light. GOC:jl ISBN:0192800981 The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to gravity. GO:0048062 geotactic behavior geotactic behaviour geotaxis gravitactic behavior gravitactic behaviour taxis in response to gravitational stimulus taxis in response to gravity biological_process GO:0042332 gravitaxis The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to gravity. GOC:jid GOC:jl Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of nourishment. biological_process GO:0042594 response to starvation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of nourishment. GOC:go_curators Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. biological_process GO:0042752 regulation of circadian rhythm Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. GOC:dph GOC:jl GOC:tb The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a temperature gradient. Movement may be towards either a higher or lower temperature. Wikipedia:Thermotaxis taxis in response to temperature stimulus biological_process GO:0043052 thermotaxis The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a temperature gradient. Movement may be towards either a higher or lower temperature. GOC:cab1 WB_REF:cgc467 The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to photoperiod, the intermittent cycle of light (day) and dark (night). photoentrainment of circadian clock biological_process GO:0043153 entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to photoperiod, the intermittent cycle of light (day) and dark (night). GOC:jl photoentrainment of circadian clock PMID:10217146 The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. GO:0043283 biopolymer metabolic process macromolecule metabolism biological_process GO:0043170 macromolecule metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. CHEBI:33694 GOC:mah biopolymer metabolic process GOC:mtg_chebi_dec09 The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. cellular metabolism biological_process intermediary metabolism GO:0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. GOC:go_curators intermediary metabolism GOC:mah The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. primary metabolism biological_process GO:0044238 primary metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. GOC:go_curators http://www.metacyc.org The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells. GO:0034960 cellular biopolymer metabolic process cellular macromolecule metabolism biological_process GO:0044260 cellular macromolecule metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells. CHEBI:33694 GOC:mah cellular biopolymer metabolic process GOC:mtg_chebi_dec09 A biological process that involves only one organism. single organism process biological_process GO:0044699 single-organism process A biological process that involves only one organism. GOC:jl A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving a single organism. biological_process GO:0044702 single organism reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving a single organism. GOC:jl A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving another organism. biological_process GO:0044703 multi-organism reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving another organism. GOC:jl The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction involving a single organism. biological_process GO:0044704 single-organism reproductive behavior The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction involving a single organism. GOC:jl GOC:pr The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction involving another organism of the same or different species. biological_process GO:0044705 multi-organism reproductive behavior The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction involving another organism of the same or different species. GOC:jl GOC:pr A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species. biological_process GO:0044706 multi-multicellular organism process A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species. GOC:jl A biological process occurring within a single, multicellular organism. biological_process GO:0044707 single-multicellular organism process A biological process occurring within a single, multicellular organism. GOC:jl The specific behavior of a single organism in response to external or internal stimuli. biological_process GO:0044708 single-organism behavior The specific behavior of a single organism in response to external or internal stimuli. GOC:jl GOC:pr A metabolic process - chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances - which involves a single organism. biological_process GO:0044710 single-organism metabolic process A metabolic process - chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances - which involves a single organism. GOC:jl Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. biological_process GO:0044763 single-organism cellular process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. GOC:jl The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore, involving a single organism. biological_process GO:0044765 single-organism transport The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore, involving a single organism. GOC:jl A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition, involving only one organism. biological_process GO:0044767 single-organism developmental process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition, involving only one organism. GOC:jl The process during wing vibration where the male insect produces a species-specific acoustic signal called a love song. male courtship behavior, song production male courtship behaviour, song production male courtship behaviour, veined wing generated song production biological_process GO:0045433 male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production The process during wing vibration where the male insect produces a species-specific acoustic signal called a love song. GOC:mtg_sensu PMID:11092827 The rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle. circadian locomotor activity rhythm biological_process GO:0045475 locomotor rhythm The rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle. GOC:go_curators The chemical reactions and pathways involving heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings). heterocycle metabolism biological_process GO:0046483 heterocycle metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings). CHEBI:5686 ISBN:0198506732 The controlled release of a substance by a cell or a tissue. biological_process GO:0046903 secretion The controlled release of a substance by a cell or a tissue. GOC:ai The directed movement of a motile cell or organism away from the source of gravity. GO:0048063 negative geotactic behavior negative geotactic behaviour negative gravitactic behavior negative gravitactic behaviour negative taxis in response to gravity negative taxis in response to gravitytaxis in response to gravitational stimulus biological_process GO:0048060 negative gravitaxis The directed movement of a motile cell or organism away from the source of gravity. GOC:jid The process during courtship where the male insect extends his wings. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. male courtship behavior, wing extension male courtship behaviour, wing extension male courtship behaviour, veined wing extension biological_process GO:0048065 male courtship behavior, veined wing extension The process during courtship where the male insect extends his wings. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. GOC:jid GOC:mtg_sensu Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. GO:0048267 physiological response to pain biological_process GO:0048265 response to pain Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. GOC:jid PMID:10203867 PMID:12723742 PMID:12843304 Wikipedia:Pain Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. biological_process rhythm GO:0048511 rhythmic process Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. GOC:jid The specific behavior of an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. circadian rhythm behavior biological_process GO:0048512 circadian behavior The specific behavior of an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. GOC:bf GOC:go_curators GOC:pr The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs. organismal reproductive process reproductive process in a multicellular organism biological_process GO:0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs. GOC:dph GOC:jid GOC:tb organismal reproductive process GOC:curators reproductive process in a multicellular organism GOC:curators OBSOLETE. A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular or single-celled organism. cellular process involved in reproduction biological_process reproductive cellular process GO:0048610 This process was made obsolete because we felt it not provide a particularly useful classification, and its very broad logical definition caused regular problems in our inference pipelines. obsolete cellular process involved in reproduction true OBSOLETE. A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular or single-celled organism. GOC:dph GOC:jid reproductive cellular process GOC:dph GOC:tb The process in which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. biological_process GO:0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. GOC:dph GOC:jid The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. development of an anatomical structure biological_process GO:0048856 This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. GOC:mtg_15jun06 GO_REF:0000021 Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another. cell locomotion movement of a cell biological_process cell movement GO:0048870 cell motility Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another. GOC:dgh GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:mlg Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. GO:0050791 regulation of physiological process biological_process GO:0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. GOC:ai GOC:go_curators Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GO:0051244 regulation of cellular physiological process biological_process GO:0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GOC:go_curators A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system. neurophysiological process biological_process pan-neural process GO:0050877 neurological system process A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system. GOC:ai GOC:mtg_cardio Any physiological process involved in changing the position of a multicellular organism or an anatomical part of a multicellular organism. biological_process GO:0050879 multicellular organismal movement Any physiological process involved in changing the position of a multicellular organism or an anatomical part of a multicellular organism. GOC:dph GOC:mtg_muscle GOC:tb The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory. Wikipedia:Cognition biological_process GO:0050890 cognition The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory. ISBN:0721619908 http://www.onelook.com/ Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. GO:0051869 physiological response to stimulus biological_process GO:0050896 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. GOC:ai GOC:bf The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process. Wikipedia:Taste gustation sense of taste taste taste perception biological_process GO:0050909 sensory perception of taste The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process. GOC:ai http://www.onelook.com/ The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory light stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. biological_process GO:0050953 sensory perception of light stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory light stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory mechanical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. mechanosensory perception perception of mechanical stimulus biological_process chemi-mechanical coupling GO:0050954 sensory perception of mechanical stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory mechanical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. GOC:ai The series of events required for an organism to receive a touch stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. The perception of touch in animals is mediated by mechanoreceptors in the skin and mucous membranes and is the sense by which contact with objects gives evidence as to certain of their qualities. Different types of touch can be perceived (for example, light, coarse, pressure and tickling) and the stimulus may be external or internal (e.g. the feeling of a full stomach). Wikipedia:Touch perception of touch tactile sense taction tactition biological_process GO:0050975 sensory perception of touch The series of events required for an organism to receive a touch stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. The perception of touch in animals is mediated by mechanoreceptors in the skin and mucous membranes and is the sense by which contact with objects gives evidence as to certain of their qualities. Different types of touch can be perceived (for example, light, coarse, pressure and tickling) and the stimulus may be external or internal (e.g. the feeling of a full stomach). GOC:ai Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a specific location. In the case of substances, localization may also be achieved via selective degradation. establishment and maintenance of localization establishment and maintenance of position localisation establishment and maintenance of cellular component location establishment and maintenance of substance location establishment and maintenance of substrate location biological_process GO:0051179 localization Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a specific location. In the case of substances, localization may also be achieved via selective degradation. GOC:ai GOC:dos localisation GOC:mah Any process that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation. establishment of localisation biological_process GO:0051234 establishment of localization Any process that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation. GOC:ai GOC:dos establishment of localisation GOC:mah The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells. Wikipedia:Cell_division biological_process GO:0051301 Note that this term differs from 'cytokinesis ; GO:0000910' in that cytokinesis does not include nuclear division. cell division The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells. GOC:di GOC:go_curators GOC:pr Progression through the phases of the meiotic cell cycle, in which canonically a cell replicates to produce four offspring with half the chromosomal content of the progenitor cell via two nuclear divisions. GO:0007126 Wikipedia:Meiosis biological_process meiosis GO:0051321 meiotic cell cycle Progression through the phases of the meiotic cell cycle, in which canonically a cell replicates to produce four offspring with half the chromosomal content of the progenitor cell via two nuclear divisions. GOC:ai A cellular localization process whereby a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within a cell including the localization of substances or cellular entities to the cell membrane. cellular localisation establishment and maintenance of cellular localization establishment and maintenance of localization in cell or cell membrane intracellular localization localization within cell biological_process GO:0051641 cellular localization A cellular localization process whereby a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within a cell including the localization of substances or cellular entities to the cell membrane. GOC:tb GOC:vw cellular localisation GOC:mah Any process, occuring in a cell, that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation. establishment of localisation in cell establishment of intracellular localization establishment of localization within cell positioning within cell biological_process establishment of cellular localization GO:0051649 establishment of localization in cell Any process, occuring in a cell, that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation. GOC:ai GOC:dos GOC:dph GOC:tb establishment of localisation in cell GOC:mah establishment of cellular localization GOC:dph GOC:tb Any process in which a cell is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. cell localization establishment and maintenance of cell localization establishment and maintenance of localization of cell localisation of cell biological_process GO:0051674 localization of cell Any process in which a cell is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. GOC:ai localisation of cell GOC:mah A biological process which involves another organism of the same or different species. GO:0051706 interaction between organisms physiological interaction between organisms physiological interaction with other organism biological_process GO:0051704 multi-organism process A biological process which involves another organism of the same or different species. GOC:jl Any process in which an organism has a behavioral effect on another organism of the same or different species. GO:0023032 GO:0044709 behavioral interaction between organisms behavioral interaction with other organism behavioural interaction between organisms behavioural interaction with other organism behavioral signaling behavioral signalling biological_process GO:0051705 multi-organism behavior Any process in which an organism has a behavioral effect on another organism of the same or different species. GOC:ai behavioral signalling GOC:mah Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. biological_process GO:0051716 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. cellular response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. GOC:bf GOC:jl Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a nutrient stimulus. behavioural response to nutrient biological_process GO:0051780 behavioral response to nutrient Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a nutrient stimulus. GOC:ai The dormancy process that results in entry into diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation. Wikipedia:Diapause biological_process GO:0055115 entry into diapause The dormancy process that results in entry into diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation. GOC:ds GOC:jid GOC:mah The dormancy process that results in entry into reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli. biological_process GO:0055116 entry into reproductive diapause The dormancy process that results in entry into reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli. GOC:ds GOC:jid GOC:mah An automatic response to a stimulus beginning with a nerve impulse from a receptor and ending with the action of an effector such as a gland or a muscle. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness. Wikipedia:Reflex biological_process GO:0060004 reflex An automatic response to a stimulus beginning with a nerve impulse from a receptor and ending with the action of an effector such as a gland or a muscle. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness. GOC:dph ISBN:087797099 The specific behavior of a male organism that is associated with reproduction. biological_process GO:0060179 male mating behavior The specific behavior of a male organism that is associated with reproduction. GOC:dph GOC:pr GOC:tb Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. biological_process GO:0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. GOC:dph GOC:tb Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air, usually by means of active wing movement. biological_process GO:0060361 flight Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air, usually by means of active wing movement. GOC:dph The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. biological_process GO:0060429 epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. GOC:dph GOC:mtg_lung A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. GO:0016044 Reactome:REACT_101524 Reactome:REACT_103082 Reactome:REACT_11123 Reactome:REACT_29278 Reactome:REACT_32337 Reactome:REACT_33741 Reactome:REACT_34084 Reactome:REACT_78213 Reactome:REACT_78288 Reactome:REACT_83546 Reactome:REACT_86557 Reactome:REACT_87431 Reactome:REACT_88307 Reactome:REACT_91154 Reactome:REACT_93714 Reactome:REACT_95586 Reactome:REACT_96516 Reactome:REACT_97881 cellular membrane organisation cellular membrane organization membrane organisation biological_process membrane organization and biogenesis GO:0061024 membrane organization A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. GOC:dph GOC:tb Reactome:REACT_101524 Membrane Trafficking, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_103082 Membrane Trafficking, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_11123 Membrane Trafficking, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_29278 Membrane Trafficking, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_32337 Membrane Trafficking, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_33741 Membrane Trafficking, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_34084 Membrane Trafficking, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_78213 Membrane Trafficking, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_78288 Membrane Trafficking, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_83546 Membrane Trafficking, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_86557 Membrane Trafficking, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_87431 Membrane Trafficking, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_88307 Membrane Trafficking, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_91154 Membrane Trafficking, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_93714 Membrane Trafficking, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_95586 Membrane Trafficking, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_96516 Membrane Trafficking, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_97881 Membrane Trafficking, Rattus norvegicus cellular membrane organisation GOC:curators membrane organisation GOC:mah membrane organization and biogenesis GOC:mah Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. regulation biological_process GO:0065007 biological regulation Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:mah GOC:pr GOC:vw The developmental process in which an organism emerges from a surrounding protective structure such as an egg or pupa case. biological_process GO:0071684 organism emergence from protective structure The developmental process in which an organism emerges from a surrounding protective structure such as an egg or pupa case. GOC:mah The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. organic molecular entity metabolic process organic molecular entity metabolism organic substance metabolism biological_process GO:0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. CHEBI:50860 GOC:mah A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. GO:0071841 cellular component organisation or biogenesis cellular component organisation or biogenesis at cellular level cellular component organization or biogenesis at cellular level biological_process GO:0071840 cellular component organization or biogenesis A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. GOC:mah cellular component organisation or biogenesis GOC:mah cellular component organisation or biogenesis at cellular level GOC:mah Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleic acids. biological_process GO:0090304 nucleic acid metabolic process Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleic acids. GOC:dph GOC:tb The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic cyclic compound. organic cyclic compound metabolism biological_process GO:1901360 organic cyclic compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic cyclic compound. GOC:TermGenie organic cyclic compound metabolism GOC:TermGenie A localization which involves only one organism. single organism localization biological_process GO:1902578 single-organism localization A localization which involves only one organism. GOC:jl GO_REF:0000089 PMID:1234 single organism localization GOC:TermGenie A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities. trait quality PATO:0000001 quality A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities. PATOC:GVG A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. relative color quality PATO:0000014 color A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. PATOC:GVG A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of the number of the bearer's repetitive actions in a particular time. quality PATO:0000044 frequency A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of the number of the bearer's repetitive actions in a particular time. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/frequency An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. quality PATO:0000047 biological sex An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. MGED:MGED A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. quality PATO:0000051 morphology A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. PATOC:GVG A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). relational shape quality quality PATO:0000052 shape A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). PATOC:GVG An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to synthesize a particular organic compound required for its growth. quality nutritional quality PATO:0000056 trophic quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to synthesize a particular organic compound required for its growth. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophic_level A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence. quality PATO:0000057 occurrence A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence. PATOC:GVG quality PATO:0000068 qualitative A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the whether the bearer differs from normal or average. quality PATO:0000069 deviation(from_normal) A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the whether the bearer differs from normal or average. PATOC:GVG The number of entities of this type that are part of the whole organism. presence or absence in organism quantitative quality amount count in organism number presence PATO:0000070 count The number of entities of this type that are part of the whole organism. PATOC:GVG A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. quality PATO:0000117 size A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. WordNet:WordNet A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. location placement relational spatial quality quality PATO:0000140 position A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. PATOC:GVG A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an organism's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. relational structural quality quality PATO:0000141 structure A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an organism's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. PATOC:GVG A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence per unit time. quality PATO:0000161 rate A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence per unit time. PATOC:melissa An organismal quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's disposition to survive and develop normally or the number of surviving individuals in a given population. quality PATO:0000169 viability An organismal quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's disposition to survive and develop normally or the number of surviving individuals in a given population. PATOC:GVG An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's behavior aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements in a given situation. behavioral quality quality behavioural quality PATO:0000186 behavioral quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's behavior aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements in a given situation. PATOC:GVG A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. quality PATO:0000188 coordination A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. PATOC:GVG A reproductive quality inhering in an organism or population by virtue of the bearer's potential reproductive capacity ad measured by the number of gametes. quality PATO:0000273 fecundity A reproductive quality inhering in an organism or population by virtue of the bearer's potential reproductive capacity ad measured by the number of gametes. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecundity A reproductive quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. quality PATO:0000274 fertility A reproductive quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG A fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. quality PATO:0000277 female fertility A fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. PATOC:GVG A fertility quality of inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. quality PATO:0000279 male fertility A fertility quality of inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. PATOC:GVG A frequency which is relatively high. high frequency quality frequent PATO:0000380 increased frequency A frequency which is relatively high. PATOC:GVG A frequency which is relatively low. low frequency quality infrequent PATO:0000381 decreased frequency A frequency which is relatively low. PATOC:GVG A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes. quality PATO:0000383 female A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes. MGED:MGED A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes. quality PATO:0000384 male A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes. MGED:MGED A nutritional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's inability to synthesize a particular organic compound required for its growth. quality PATO:0000422 auxotrophic A nutritional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's inability to synthesize a particular organic compound required for its growth. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxotrophic A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's deviation from normal or average. quality aberrant atypia atypical defective PATO:0000460 abnormal A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's deviation from normal or average. PATOC:GVG A quality denoting the lack of an entity. absence absent from organism quality PATO:0000462 absent A quality denoting the lack of an entity. thefreedictionary.:thefreedictionary. A size quality which is relatively high. quality big enlarged great large PATO:0000586 increased size A size quality which is relatively high. PATOC:GVG A size quality which is relatively low. hypoplasia underdeveloped quality small tiny PATO:0000587 decreased size A size quality which is relatively low. PATOC:GVG A increased size quality inhering in an organ or tissue by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting increased number of cells. hyperplasia quality overdeveloped PATO:0000644 hyperplastic A increased size quality inhering in an organ or tissue by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting increased number of cells. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperplastic A decreased size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting reduced number of cells within an organ or tissue. hypoplasia quality underdeveloped PATO:0000645 hypoplastic A decreased size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting reduced number of cells within an organ or tissue. PATOC:GVG A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of the bearer's long term survival inability. quality PATO:0000718 lethal (sensu genetics) A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of the bearer's long term survival inability. PATOC:GVG A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's ability to survive or the long term survival ability of a given population. quality PATO:0000719 viable A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's ability to survive or the long term survival ability of a given population. PATOC:GVG A coordination quality of inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. quality PATO:0000770 uncoordinated A coordination quality of inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. PATOC:GVG A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. quality PATO:0000888 female fertile A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. PATOC:GVG A male fertility quality inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. quality PATO:0000891 male fertile A male fertility quality inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. quality female infertile PATO:0000892 female sterile A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG A rate which is relatively low. slow rate quality PATO:0000911 decreased rate A rate which is relatively low. PATO:GVG A rate which is relatively high. fast rate high rate quality PATO:0000912 increased rate A rate which is relatively high. PATO:GVG A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. quality PATO:0000955 fertile A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. quality PATO:0000956 sterile A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. PATOC:GVG A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. relational physical quality quality PATO:0001018 physical quality A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. PATOC:GVG A quality which inheres in an process. quality of a process quality of occurrent quality of process relational quality of occurrent quality PATO:0001236 process quality A quality which inheres in an process. PATOC:GVG A quality which inheres in a continuant. monadic quality of a continuant multiply inhering quality of a physical entity quality of a continuant quality of a single physical entity quality of an object quality of continuant monadic quality of an object monadic quality of continuant quality PATO:0001241 physical object quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. PATOC:GVG A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. quality PATO:0001291 electromagnetic (EM) radiation quality A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. quality PATO:0001300 optical quality An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. PATOC:GVG An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to produce new life or offspring. quality PATO:0001434 reproductive quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to produce new life or offspring. WordNet:WordNet A quality of a process inhering in bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to respond to stimulation. sensitivity of occurrent quality PATO:0001457 sensitivity of a process A quality of a process inhering in bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to respond to stimulation. PATOC:GVG A sensitivity of a process which is higher than normal or average. high sensitivity of occurrent increased sensitivity of occurrent quality PATO:0001551 increased sensitivity of a process A sensitivity of a process which is higher than normal or average. PATO:GVG A sensitivity of a process which is lower than normal or average. decreased sensitivity of occurrent low sensitivity of occurrent quality PATO:0001552 decreased sensitivity of a process A sensitivity of a process which is lower than normal or average. PATO:GVG The number of parts of a particular type that the bearer entity has. This is a relational quality, and thus holds between two entities: the bearer of the quality, and the type of parts. extra or missing physical or functional parts has or lacks parts of type mereological quality number of quality cardinality number PATO:0001555 has number of The number of parts of a particular type that the bearer entity has. This is a relational quality, and thus holds between two entities: the bearer of the quality, and the type of parts. PATOC:CJM A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking a processual part as specified by the additional entity. quality PATO:0001558 lacking processual parts A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking a processual part as specified by the additional entity. PATOC:GVG A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's processual parts. quality PATO:0001564 extra or missing processual parts A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's processual parts. PATOC:GVG A size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of a part or parts of the bearer's being decreased in size due to reduction in tissue mass through wasting. atrophic quality PATO:0001623 atrophied A size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of a part or parts of the bearer's being decreased in size due to reduction in tissue mass through wasting. Wiikipedia:Wasting Wikipedia:Atrophy A fecundity which is relatively low. quality PATO:0001696 decreased fecundity A fecundity which is relatively low. PATOC:GVG A quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with radiation. quality PATO:0001739 radiation quality A quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with radiation. PATOC:GVG quality PATO:0001760 female semi-fertile quality PATO:0001761 male semi-fertile quality PATO:0001762 male semi-sterile quality PATO:0001763 female semi-sterile A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of some of it's members' inability to survive to reproduce. quality PATO:0001768 semi-lethal (sensu genetics) A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of some of it's members' inability to survive to reproduce. PATOC:CVC A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's location of features or characteristics along an axis. quality cellular polarity PATO:0001769 positional polarity A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's location of features or characteristics along an axis. PATOC:MAH cellular polarity PATOC:MAH A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of some of it's members' ability to survive. quality PATO:0001770 semi-viable A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of some of it's members' ability to survive. PATOC:CVC A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to make its offspring sterile. quality grandchildless PATO:0001862 lack of fertility in offspring A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to make its offspring sterile. PATOC:GVG quality PATO:0001894 phenotypic sex A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. quality PATO:0001995 organismal quality A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. PATOC:CJM The bearer of this quality has_part < n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. This case includes the limit case, where the bearer lacks all parts of the specified type. loss of quality PATO:0001999 lacks parts or has fewer parts of type The bearer of this quality has_part < n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. This case includes the limit case, where the bearer lacks all parts of the specified type. PATOC:CJM The bearer of this quality has_part < n AND has_part > 0 of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. decreased number of has decreased number of has fewer physical parts of type quality PATO:0002001 has fewer parts of type The bearer of this quality has_part < n AND has_part > 0 of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. PATOC:CJM The bearer of this quality has_part > n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. has extra parts of has increased number of having extra physical parts having supernumerary physical parts increased number of quality PATO:0002002 has extra parts of type The bearer of this quality has_part > n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. PATOC:CJM A structural quality which is held by a bearer when the latter's disposition the presence of abnormally proliferating masses of cells. tumorous quality PATO:0002011 neoplastic A structural quality which is held by a bearer when the latter's disposition the presence of abnormally proliferating masses of cells. PATOC:MAH A quality of a process that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. quality PATO:0002051 increased occurrence A quality of a process that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG An occurrence which is relatively low. quality PATO:0002052 decreased occurrence An occurrence which is relatively low. PATOC:GVG quality PATO:0002062 physical quality of a process Having extra or fewer parts. quality PATO:0002083 altered number of Having extra or fewer parts. PATOC:GVG quality PATO:0002290 aplastic/hypoplastic A quality that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. quality PATO:0002300 increased quality A quality that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG A quality that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. quality PATO:0002301 decreased quality A quality that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG A quality of a process that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. quality PATO:0002302 decreased process quality A quality of a process that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG A quality of an object that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. quality PATO:0002303 decreased object quality A quality of an object that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG A quality of a process that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. quality PATO:0002304 increased process quality A quality of a process that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG A quality of an object that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. quality PATO:0002305 increased object quality A quality of an object that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATOC:GVG A temporal distribution pattern of process occurrences within a regulation/reference process. quality PATO:0002323 temporal distribution quality A temporal distribution pattern of process occurrences within a regulation/reference process. PATOC:LC population population of Drosophila dependent continuant population of cells A fecundity which is relatively high quality PATO:0001695 increased fecundity A fecundity which is relatively high PATOC:GVG