entity
An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
continuant
A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
independent continuant
An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t.
p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
process
fiat object
fiat object part
site
An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
material entity
immaterial entity
This class is being depopulated and will be filled only with inferred subclasses. Please do not use this for direct annotation, favouring instead a more descriptive subclass.
An anthropogenic geographic feature is a geographic feature resulting from the influence of human beings on nature.
A primary administrative division of a country, such as a state in the United States.
A political association with effective dominion over a geographic area.
A construction which enables the movement of humans, their animals or their vehicles.
An enclosure for displaying selected plant or animal life.
A geographical feature associated with water.
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used for navigation, drainage or irrigation.
This class refers to the water contained in a canal channel, and not the channel itself.
A marine water body which is constitutes the majority of an astronomical body's hydrosphere.
A large expanse of saline water usually connected with an ocean.
A body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained in a depression on a landmass.
A stream which, through permanent or seasonal flow processes, moves from elevated land towards lower elevations through a definite channel and empties either into a sea, lake, or another river or ends on land as bed seepage and evapotranspiration exceed water supply.
"There are no official definitions for the generic term river as applied to geographic features, although in some countries or communities a stream is defined by its size. Many names for small rivers are specific to geographic location; examples are "run" in some parts of the United States, "burn" in Scotland and northeast England, and "beck" in northern England. Sometimes a river is defined as being larger than a creek, but not always: the language is vague."
A watercourse which is linear and flows across the solid portion of a planetary surface.
An artificial body of water, often contained by a dam, constructed for the purpose of water storage.
A cylindrical hole, pit, or tunnel drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface.
A point where groundwater or steam flows out of the ground, and is thus where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface or where there is a fissure.
An area of water bordered by land on three sides.
A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake.
A small, human-made channel which has been dug for draining or irrigating the land.
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used drainage.
An vegetated area which overlaps a wetland ecosystem.
Place or area with clustered or scattered buildings and a permanent human population.
An accumulation of water of varying size.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ The term body of water most often refers to large accumulations of water, such as oceans, seas, and lakes, but it includes smaller pools of water such as ponds, wetlands, or more rarely, puddles. A body of water does not have to be still or contained; Rivers, streams, canals, and other geographical features where water moves from one place to another are also considered bodies of water.
Naturally formed, subterranean open area or chamber.
A construction that has been assembled by deliberate human effort.
A permanent walled and roofed construction.
A barrier constructed across a watercourse to control the flow or raise the level of water.
An excavation in the Earth for the purpose of extracting earth materials.
As with other classes that are "features", the subclasses of this class are being moved to more informative locations. Their relation to agriculture will be modelled by something more akin to a quality or relation to an agricultural process.
An area of land which is used for the cultivation of crops or grazing of livestock, including any agricultural constructions therein.
A series of connected and aligned mountains or mountain ridges.
A region of general uniform slope, comparatively level, and of considerable extent.
A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a body of water.
A region rendered barren or partially barren by environmental extremes, especially by low rainfall.
Area of dry or relatively dry land surrounded by water or low wetland.
An area in which grasses (Graminae) are a significant component of the vegetation.
Land having a cover of trees, shrubs, or both.
An area with a high density of trees. A small forest may be called a wood.
The definitions of forest can vary greatly, and different classes will be needed to support the major categories. Tree cover alone is not enough to distinguish between forests and plantations. The international definition proposed by the 2010 FAO Forestry Resource Assessment: "land spanning more than 0.5 ha with trees higher than 5 metres and canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ . It does not include land that is predominantly under agricultural or urban land use." - FAO. 2010. Global forest resources assessment 2010, Main report, FAO Forestry Paper 163. Rome.
A vegetated area which is part of a tundra ecosystem.
A field which is located on land and used for agricultural purposes, such as the grazing of livestock or the cultivation of crops.
An intentional planting of a crop, on a large scale, usually for uses other than cereal production or pasture. The term is currently most often used for plantings of trees and shrubs. The term tends also to be used for plantings maintained on economic bases other than that of subsistence farming.
A geographical region whose affairs and population are administered by an authority.
An arid terrain with clay-rich soil that has been extensively eroded by wind and water.
A ridge of rocks, lying near the surface of the sea, which may be visible at low tide, but is usually covered by water.
A ditch that supplies water to surrounding land.
A ditch that collects water from the surrounding land.
A part of an astronomical body which is primarily composed of a continuous volume of solid material, shaped by one or more environmental processes.
An island that does not sit on a continental shelf, and is of volcanic origin.
A grassland ecosystem which is used for grazing of ungulate livestock as part of a farm or ranch.
The separation between neighbouring drainage basins (catchments). In hilly country, the divide lies along topographical peaks and ridges, but in flat country or on a high plateau (especially where the ground is marshy) the divide may be invisible - just a more or less notional line on the ground on either side of which falling raindrops will start a journey to different rivers, and even to different sides of a country or continent.
A facility in which fish are raised commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food.
A hatchery in which the eggs of fish are hatched under artificial conditions.
A flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice and other semiaquatic crops.
Area covered with low-growing or stunted perennial vegetation and usually not mixed with trees.
A landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area.
The physical confine of a river, slough or ocean strait consisting of a bed and banks.
A biome is an ecosystem to which resident ecological communities have evolved adaptations.
There has been some concern raised (see Issue #143) about the usefulness of the assertion that organisms have evolved within a given biome. They may have evolved adaptations elsewhere and demonstrating one or the other is often not feasible. Consider relabelling to "environmental system determined by an ecological community" or similar.
A tract of land which has few or no trees and is surrounded by more heavily wooded areas.
There should be a better superclass than "field" which should indicate that there are no woody plants in growth form "tree" around.
A biome which is primarily or completely situated on a landmass.
An aquatic biome which is determined by a marine water body.
This biome includes open-ocean and unprotected coastal ecosystems, characterized by exposure to wave action, tidal fluctuation, and ocean currents as well as systems that largely resemble these. Water in the marine biome is generally within the salinity range of seawater: 30 to 38 ppt.
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of providing water for irrigation.
A facility, permanent or temporary, on land, in air, space or water, where scientific research or measurements can be undertaken.
An opening of the sea into the land, or of a lake into its shore.
A step-like feature between higher and lower ground: a relatively flat or gently inclined shelf of earth, backed and fronted by steep slopes or manmade detaining walls.
Lake sediment is sediment which covers the bottom of a lake. Lake sediments are comprised mainly of clastic material (sediment of clay, silt, and sand sizes), organic debris, chemical precipitates, or combinations of these.
A bounded area of land, or water, usually in its natural or semi-natural (landscaped) state and set aside for some purpose, usually to do with recreation or conservation.
A raised walkway over water, supported by piles or pillars.
A building or region where sports activities can be carried out.
An aquatic biome which is determined by a body of freshwater.
A rock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids.
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ [A mineral] is different from a rock, which can be an aggregate of minerals or non-minerals and does not have a specific chemical composition. The exact definition of a mineral is under debate, especially with respect to the requirement a valid species be abiogenic, and to a lesser extent with regards to it having an ordered atomic structure.
Soil is an environmental material which is primarily composed of minerals, varying proportions of sand, silt, and clay, organic material such as humus, gases, liquids, and a broad range of resident micro- and macroorganisms.
'In engineering terms, soil is referred to as regolith, or loose rock material that lies above the 'solid geology'. Soil is commonly referred to as "earth" or "dirt"; technically, the term "dirt" should be restricted to displaced soil.' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil " The upper limit of soil is the boundary between soil and air, shallow water, live plants, or plant materials that have not begun to decompose. Areas are not considered to have soil if the surface is permanently covered by water too deep (typically more than 2.5 meters) for the growth of rooted plants. The lower boundary that separates soil from the nonsoil underneath is most difficult to define. Soil consists of horizons near the Earth's surface that, in contrast to the underlying parent material, have been altered by the interactions of climate, relief, and living organisms over time. Commonly, soil grades at its lower boundary to hard rock or to earthy materials virtually devoid of animals, roots, or other marks of biological activity. For purposes of classification, the lower boundary of soil is arbitrarily set at 200 cm." Soil taxonomy, 2nd Ed., quoted in http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/edu/?cid=nrcs142p2_054280
A significant accumulation of water which is part of a marine biome.
Ideas like "significant" are fuzzy and need to be modelled more accurately. The definition is a candidate for review.
A solid astronomical body part which is part of the planetary surface between the peak of an elevation or the bottom of a depression and relatively flat surrounding land.
Water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence.
An excreta material which is composed primarily of feces, an excreta consisting of waste products expelled from an animal's digestive tract through the anus (or cloaca) during defecation.
ENVO bodily fluid classes differ from UBERON's treatment of bodily fluids. UBERON refers to the substance itself ("S"). We assert that UBERON's classes are the primary compositional component of the terms in ENVO ("S material"). Use of the ENVO terms is typically recommended when you wish to indicate that there may be other materials intermixed with S.
This is distinct from classes such as http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001988 in that it refers to the environmental material composed primarily of feces rather than 'just' feces.
The mixture of gases (roughly (by molar content/volume: 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide, trace amounts of other gases, and a variable amount (average around 1%) of water vapor) that surrounds the planet Earth.
An environmental material primarily composed of dihydrogen oxide in its liquid form.
Sediment is an environmental substance comprised of any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bedor bottom of a body of water or other liquid.
It is recommended to use a combination of sediment terms to describe a more specific sediment type.
Minute solid particles with diameters less than 500 micrometers. Occurs in and may be deposited from, the atmosphere.
Water which has a low concentration of dissolved solutes, particularly that of sodium chloride.
The lower bound of solute concentration required for water to be considered freshwater is variable, but is always less than that of seawater, and often cited as less than 1 gram of solutes per 1 litre of water.
Wastewater that is contaminated with feces or urine,
A biome which is determined by a water body and which has ecological climax communities adapted to life in or on water.
Sediment that accumulates in the flat or very gently sloping areas of the deep ocean basin floor. The three main types of deep marine sediment, also known as pelagic sediment, are siliceous oozes, calcareous oozes, and red clays.
Revise adjacent to. Consider sampled stream sediment. Dry stream sediment.
The aerobically decomposed remnants of organic materials.
A hospital is a building in which health care services are provided by specialized staff and equipment.
Straw or other material strewn in an animal's enclosure (e.g. a stable) for it to sleep on and to absorb its faeces and urine.
A building in which a business presents a selection of goods and offers to trade or sell them to customers for money or other goods.
A shop in which a business offers food products for sale or trade.
Whether food is the primary product offered by the business or simply one of the products it offers is not specified in this class.
A soil composed of sand, silt, and clay in relatively even concentration (about 40-40-20% concentration respectively).
A portion of soil which is found in a garden.
A material which is not the desired output of a process and which is typically the input of a process which removes it from its producer (e.g. a disposal process).
This is interesting in that the "role" aspect of "waste" is (or can be) replaced by another role "fertilizer". Thus, the positioning of "manure" under waste may not be totally correct.
A house used for sheltering non-human animals.
While humans are animals, this class does not refer to human houses.
An animal house which is used to house pigs.
Drinking water is water which may be consumed by humans with no adverse effects on their health.
A material entity that has been processed by humans or their technology in any way, including intermediate products as well as final products.
Manure which is primarily composed of pig feces.
An industrial building is a building within which goods are produced and, optionally, stored or within which services are rendered.
It's possible that this will become an inferred class in the future. The United Nations' International Standard Industrial Classification should be referred to when expanding this branch. ISIC can also be used to identify processes. See http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regcst.asp?Cl=27&Lg=1.
A dairy is a building in which animal milk is harvested and, optionally, processed for human consumption.
'Terminology differs between countries. For example, in the United States, the entire dairy farm is commonly called a "dairy." The building or farm area where milk is harvested from the cow is often called a "milking parlor" or "parlor." The farm area where milk is stored in bulk tanks is known as the farm's "milk house." Milk is then hauled (usually by truck) to a "dairy plant," also referred to as a "dairy", where raw milk is further processed and prepared for commercial sale of dairy products. In New Zealand, farm areas for milk harvesting are also called "milking parlours", and are historically known as "milking sheds."' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy
A food processing building is a building in which materials that contain or consist of essential body nutrients - such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals - and may be ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life are converted alternative forms.
The semantics of food are being handled by FOODON http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/foodon.owl
A bakery is a building in which raw flour-based food is baked in an oven to produce food products such as bread, cakes, pastries, and pies. These products are often sold from the bakery itself.
A bakery is a food processing building and a 'food shop' at the same time. This needs to be resolved.
A brewery is a building in which alcoholic beverages are produced by brewing, that is, steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast. At times, the products are also sold from the brewery.
An air filter is a device that removes some substance from air.
This is a general definition derived from the definitions for particulate, chemical, and other air filters. Subclasses should be created if needed.
A building within which logs are cut into lumber products.
A portion of soil which is part of a cropland or a rangeland biome.
A portion of environmental material is a fiat object part which forms the medium or part of the medium of an environmental system.
Everything under this parent must be a mass noun. All subclasses are to be understood as being composed primarily of the named entity, rather than restricted to that entity. For example, "ENVO:water" is to be understood as "environmental material composed primarly of some CHEBI:water". This class is currently being aligned to the Basic Formal Ontology. Following this alignment, its definition and the definitions of its subclasses will be revised.
A layer of some material entity which is adjacent to one or more of its external boundaries and directly interacts with its immediate surroundings.
This class is distinct from a geometric surface, which is two-dimensional. The idea of "uppermost" may be problematic. Further, the definition of layer (the superclass of surface in rev 133) references surface. This may be another issue. Perhaps this can be made into an inferred class using 'bounding layer of' some material entity, note that 'bounding layer' implies containment, which may not be valid here.
A facility in which animals are confined within enclosures and displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred.
Anthropogenic material in or on which organisms may live.
This is quite odd and it probably should be obsoleted. Any material that is a participant in an agricultural process can be seen as an agricultural material.
A liquid or semi-liquid mixture of water and some combination of soil, silt, and clay.
A well which provides access to groundwater held in an aquifer.
A naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.
Gravel is an environmental material which is composed of pieces of rock that are at least two millimeters (2mm) in its largest dimension and no more than 75 millimeters.
The logical def is a little off here - it should really suggest that a gravel is composed of many "pieces" of gravel.
A prominent or distinctive aspect, quality, or characteristic of environments occurring within the marine water column.
A marine biome which is determined by an ocean.
Ocean biomes are determined by major bodies of saline water, principal components of the hydrosphere. Approximately 71% of the Earth's surface is covered by ocean, a continuous body of water that is customarily divided into several principal oceans and smaller seas. More than half of this area is over 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) deep. Average oceanic salinity is around 35 parts per thousand (ppt) (3.5%), and nearly all seawater has a salinity in the range of 30 to 38 ppt.
Particulate material is an environmental material which is composed of microscopic portions of solid or liquid material suspended in another environmental material.
particulate matter
Environmental material derived from living organisms and composed primarily of one or more biomacromolecules.
A forest ecosystem in which dominant ecological communities have reached their climax successional state.
A woodland biome is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its entire spatial extent, woody plants spaced sufficiently far apart to allow light penetration to support communities of herbaceous plants or shrubs living closer to the woodland floor.
A shrubland biome is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its entire spatial extent, dense groups of shrubs.
A grassland ecosystem in which dominant ecological communities have reached their climax successional state.
A desert biome is a terrestrial biome which loses more liquid water by evapotranspiration than is supplied by precipitation and includes communities adapted to these conditions.
A terrestrial biome which comprises a tundra ecosystem that has reached its climax community.
A mangrove biome is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its spatial extent, mangrove plants (Rhizophoraceae). Mangrove plants are able to withstand high levels of salinity as well as regions of anoxia and frequent tidal inundation. Mangrove biomes often occur near tropical and sub-tropical estuaries and depositional marine coastal environments where fine sediments (often with high organic content) collect in areas protected from high energy wave action.
Preliminary definition. Depending on whether mangrove trees or shrubs are present, this class could be a child of shrubland biome or woodland biome. Consider creating the appropriate classes.
An anthropogenic terrestrial biome is a terrestrial biome which has community structures determined by human activity.
A cropland ecosystem in which dominant ecological communities are maintained in a stable state - mimicking a climax community - by human intervention.
A village biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which contains settlements such as villages, towns, and/or small cities and which is primarily used for agricultural activity.
Villages are also described as agricultural settlements with greater than 100 persons per square kilometre; however, no upper limit is defined.
A rangeland biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which is primarily used for the rearing and grazing of livestock.
A dense settlement biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which is primarily used for human habitation, recreation, and industry within built structures with little other land use.
A biome which is determined by a freshwater lake.
A system which has the disposition to environ one or more material entities.
In ENVO's alignment with the Basic Formal Ontology, this class is being considered as a subclass of a proposed BFO class "system". The relation "environed_by" is also under development. Roughly, a system which includes a material entity (at least partially) within its site and causally influences that entity may be considered to environ it. Following the completion of this alignment, this class' definition and the definitions of its subclasses will be revised.
A layer is a quantity of some material which is spatially continuous, has comparable thickness, and usually covers some surface.
A marine environment and enviroment which is determined by a marine water body.
A planetary surface is a surface layer where the solid or liquid material of a planet comes into contact with an atmosphere or outer space.
a useful class: this can be used to define sub-terrestrial and sub-marine entities
A field used for the cultivation of corn or related crop plants.
Requested in Issue 112 as part of the curation of metagenome submissions in the European Nucleotide Archive.
This class was created to accommodate "fields" from agricultural fields to marine mesoscale eddy fields. Thus, it has a very broad definition which makes it less than informative when annotating. Please consider using or requesting an appropriate subclass.
A (portion of) plastic is an (portion of) anthropogenic environmental material including any of numerous organic synthetic or processed materials which are primarily composed of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers of high molecular weight.
A site which has its extent determined by the presence or influence of one or more components of an environmental system or the processes occurring therein.
Formerly, this class was an experimental class and a subclass of "environmental feature". It is now aligned to BFO. The class was not obsoleted as the core semantics maintained their stability through its transition.
A house is a building that provides a dwelling-place for a living entity.
The provisioning of a dwelling-place can perhaps be modelled as a role.
A human house is a house which provides a dwelling-place for humans.
A building part is a construction which is part of a building.
Not recommended for annotation. This class is likely to be made into an inferred class as its subclasses are distributed among more meaningful superclasses (i.e. ceiling is_a surface layer). See for example, "building floor". The boundaries between building parts may be bona fide or fiat.
A bathroom is a room which contains a washbasin or other fixture, such as a shower or bath, used for bathing by humans.
A building part which is separated from other building parts by one or more interior walls and, optionally, outdoor areas by one or more exterior walls.
A constructed barrier is a freestanding wall, berm, or fence built to limit movement of entities across a boundary.
Glass is an amorphous (non-crystalline) solid which is often transparent.
This class refers to all forms of glass. For the familiar form present in window panes and drinking glasses, consider silica-based glass.
Silica-based glass is a glass composed primarily of silicon dioxide, the primary constituent of sand.
Silica-based glasses are the most common manufactured variety of glass.
A building floor is a surface layer which is part of a building and used for walking.
To be more precise, a subfloor and a floor covering may be specified. Please request these classes and propose definitions if they are needed.
A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.
A table is a form of furniture with a flat horizontal upper surface used to support objects, for storage, show, and/or manipulation.
table
A desk is a table which is intended for information-manipulation tasks, including writing and use of interactive electronics.
The intentional nature of this definition is problematic, but the restricted range of activities visited upon a desk is of interest.
desk
A piece of furniture is a movable object intended to support various human activities such as seating (e.g., chairs, stools and sofas) and sleeping (e.g., beds).
The assumption is that furniture is manufactured, which is arguable. Further, according to Black's Law Dictionary (http://thelawdictionary.org/furniture/) many classes can be subclasses of 'piece of furntiure': "This term includes that which furnishes, or with which anything is furnished or supplied; whatever must be supplied to a house, a room, or the like, to make it habitable, convenient, or agreeable; goods, vessels, utensils, and other appendages necessary or convenient for housekeeping; whatever is added to the interior of a house or apartment, for use or convenience. Bell v. Holding, 27 Ind. 173.The term “furniture” embraces everything about the house that has been usually enjoyed there, including plate, linen, china, and pictures. 1 Endicott v. Endicott, 41N. J. Eq. 96, 3 Atl. 157.The word “furniture” made use of in the disposition of the law. or in the conventions or acts of persons, comprehends only such furniture as is intended for use and ornament of apartments, but not libraries which happen to be there, nor plate. Civ.Code La. art. 477." However, this would eventually be absurd and limit other groupings. Perhaps some sort of 'furnishing' BFO:function would be a better way to handle this.
piece of furniture
A motor vehicle is a vehicle which is propelled by an engine or motor and that does not operate on rails.
motor vehicle
A truck is a motor vehicle which, as its primary funcion, transports cargo rather than human passangers.
truck
A vehicle is a mobile machine which transports people or cargo.
vehicle
A lentic water body is a water body in which the accumulated water, in its totality, has very little to no directed flow.
lentic water body
A lotic water body is a water body in which the accumulated water, in its totality, is flowing.
lotic water body
A manufactured structure made of interspaced structural elements such as metal or wooden bars or wires held together such that they may be used to confine, contain, or protect something.
manufactured cage
A drylot is an enclosure of limited size usually bare of vegetation and used for fattening livestock.
drylot
A feedlot is a plot of land on which livestock are fattened for market
feedlot
planetary landmass
A settlement with a high density of buildings and inhabitants.
The thresholds for what makes a settlment "dense" can be determined as needed. If there is a specific threshold that should be added to ENVO, please make a new class request.
dense settlement
water mass
Hydrological precipitation is a process during which any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapour is pulled to the planetary surface by gravity.
"process" is included in the label to make it clear that we are not referring to the precipitated material (e.g. snow, rain, sleet)
hydrological precipitation process
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of bedrock, desert pavement, scarp rock, talus, material exposed by slides, volcanic material, glacial debris, sand, material exposed during strip mining, gravel, and other accumulations of earthen material in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of barren land generally have less than 15% cover of vegetation. A specific threshold is not asserted in this definition.
area of barren land
A temperature that inheres in some portion of air.
obsolete air temperature
A building which is publically accessible.
public building
A material entity which is composed of one or more chemical entities and has neither independent shape nor volume but tends to expand indefinitely.
gaseous environmental material
A material part of an astronomical body.
astronomical body part
An environmental material which is in a solid state.
This is a defined class: its subclasses will not be asserted, but filled by inference.
solid environmental material
An environmental material which is in a liquid state.
This is a defined class: most of its subclasses will not be asserted, but filled by inference.
liquid environmental material
A precipitation process is a process in which a portion of some substance segregates from a material in which that substance or its precursors were dissolved or suspended in and settles due to a force such as gravity or centrifugal force.
precipitation process
An animal house which is only partially surrounded by a building envelope.
open animal house
An animal house which has a complete building envelope.
closed animal house
A manufactured cage which may be used to confine, contain, or protect an animal.
animal cage
A petting zoo is a zoological garden which contains domesticated non-human animals and some wild non-human animals that are docile enough for humans to touch and feed.
Petting zoos are often nested within a zoological garden featuring wild non-human animals, not docile enough for humans to touch.
petting zoo
An artificial channel which transports unwanted water or waste liquids away from their source, either to a more useful area, a receptacle, or into sewers or stormwater mains as waste discharge to be released or processed.
plumbing drain
A facility in which non-human animals are slaughtered and processed for human consumption.
abattoir
A building which is used to care for a human child during the working day by a person, outside the child's immediate family, other than that child's legal guardians.
This is a kind of day care facility. A facility need not be a building.
day care building
A building in which fish are subject to a series of operations to prepare them for human consumption.
This is a kind of fish processing facility. Facilities need not be buildings, factory ships may be considered fish processing facilities.
fish processing building
A building in which nursing aides and skilled nurses provide care and treatment to residents who have significant difficulty coping with the required activities of daily living.
nursing home
A human house which serves as a long-term shelter for its inhabitants and within which they store personal property.
This term is not to be used for hotels, hostels, inns and the like, which provides shorter-term stays.
residential building
A building within which food and drink are prepared and served to customers in exchange for money or other goods and/or services.
restaurant
A part of an ecosystem which may be or has been used for one or more overnight stays by humans sheltering in tents, camper vans, caravans, or improvised shelters.
campground
A campground which has been modified by humans to provide and maintain facilities for camping such as fire pits, road access, latrines, and garbage bins.
dedicated campground
A campground which has no pre-existing facilities installed or maintained by humans, usually found outside of anthropised ecosystems.
impromptu campground
A manufactured product which may hold a volume of heated water suitable for one or more humans to bathe in, usually for the purposes of hydrotherapy or pleasure.
hot tub
Wastewater which is produced by industrial activity and which contains chemical contaminants other than those associated with urine and fecal matter.
industrial wastewater
A construction which is designed to hold water in which humans may swim or perform other leisure activities.
constructed swimming pool
A hydraulic-engineering installation which transports water - in specified amounts, of a specified quality, and in accordance with a water-consumption plan - from a source of supply into a conduit.
Sources of water include rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and other water bodies. Conduits include canals, pipelines, and tunnels. Water intakes typically transport water for purposes of hydroelectric power engineering, water supply, or irrigation.
water intake
A building which provides the site for food services with little or no waiting staff furnishing table service.
cafeteria
A food shop which sells a selection of food products that are not typical dietary components of the human population it is co-located with.
The food products sold in a delicatessen are often considered unusual by the majority of its customers and may come from foreign food supplies which are not widely imported into its region of operation.
delicatessen
A truck which is equipped to cook and sell food.
Due to the facilities on board, food trucks are often larger than other trucks with comparable mechanics.
food truck
A restaurant which provides prepared meals or other food products that the purchaser must eat off its premises.
take-out restaurant
A booth with an open window on one side.
This definition of kiosk is characteristic of the Western hemisphere and used in English-speaking countries.
kiosk
A kiosk from which food products are sold.
food kiosk
A food shop in which food products are the primary offer for sale or trade.
grocery store
A part of an ecosystem which has been allocated to host a gathering of people for multiple entertainment or commercial activities.
Fairgrounds, or parts thereof, may be constructed (e.g. concreted over) or be natural (e.g. clearings or heaths), thus land use is the key differentia.
fairground
A fairground which is used to exhibit agricultural technology, livestock, and farm-related activity.
agricultural fairground
A part of an ecosystem where people gather for the purchase and sale of provisions, livestock, and other goods.
As with campgrounds and fairgrounds, land use is the key differentia here. The regularity of marketplace activities may provide a differentia for further growth of this branch.
market
A food shop in which the food products on offer are restricted to those produced in a region and cultural setting other than that of the shop's locality.
ethnic food shop
An exchangeable device which can be connected to a plumbing system to deliver and drain water.
plumbing fixture
A plumbing fixture which is bowl-shaped and used for washing hands, dishwashing, and other purposes.
sink fixture
A plumbing fixture which may serve as a container for water in which humans or other animals may bathe.
Of course, there are other uses for bathtubs.
bathtub fixture
A plumbing fixture within which a human or other animal may bathe under a spray of water.
Indoors, there is a drain in the floor. Most showers have temperature, spray pressure and adjustable showerhead nozzle. Showering is common in Western culture due to the efficiency of using it compared with a bathtub. Its use in hygiene is, therefore, common practice. A shower uses less water on average than a bath: 80 litres for a shower compared with 150 litres for a bath.
shower fixture
An environmental system which includes both living and non-living components.
This class will be primarily filled by inference, any environmental system which necessarily includes living parts should be autoclassified here.
ecosystem
An environmental zone which is bounded by material parts of a land mass or the atmosphere or space adjacent to it.
terrestrial environmental zone
An ecosystem in which grasses (Graminae) are the dominant form of vegetation and determine the system's structure and dynamics.
grassland ecosystem
A building which is primarily used to facilitate the buying or selling of goods or services.
"Commerce includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural and technological systems that are in operation in any country or internationally."
commercial building
An ecosystem which is determined by communities of plants with a tree growth form and in which members of those communities form continuous or discontinuous regions of canopy cover.
forest ecosystem
An ecosystem which 1) is determined by communities of annual crops, perennial woody crops, or by actively tilled land, 2) is primarily used for agricultural activity, and 3) contains no village or larger human settlement.
cropland ecosystem
A layer which is primarily composed of some solid material, allowing for non-solid parts such as interstitial pockets of gas or liquid.
solid layer
A vegetated area is a geographic feature which has ground cover dominated by plant communities.
A geographic feature which is primarily composed of a continuous volume of liquid water held in shape or sustained by an environmental process.
A surface layer which is composed primarily of solid environmental material.
solid surface layer
A body of water which is primarily composed of saline water.
This class has its subclasses populated by inference.
saline water body
A research facility in which systems of manufactured products control internal conditions and in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed.
laboratory facility
body of liquid
A part of an astronomical body which is primarily composed of a continuous volume of liquid material, shaped by one or more environmental processes.
liquid astronomical body part
A part of an astronomical body which is primarily composed of a continuous volume of liquid or gaseous material, shaped by one or more environmental processes.
fluid astronomical body part
A building which is primarily used for the long-term habitation of humans.
domestic building
A surface layer where the solid or liquid material of an astronomical body comes into contact with an atmosphere or outer space.
surface of an astronomical body
A layer which separates two portions of environmental material which possess 1) differing compositions, 2) a discontinuity of some property, or 3) some derivative of some property in a direction normal to the interface.
interface layer
An ecosystem in which the composition, structure, and function of resident ecological assemblages are primarily determined by a desert.
desert ecosystem
A large continuous area of land, either surrounded by sea or contiguous with another landmass.
landmass
A part of an astronomical body which is primarily composed of a continuous medium bearing liquid, gaseous, and solid material in varying quantities.
compound astronomical body part
A surface layer of an astronomical body which is primarily composed of solid material and is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water.
land
aquatic ecosystem
marine ecosystem
freshwater ecosystem
terrestrial ecosystem
A material entity which has been assembled through the intentional, instinctual, or deliberately programmed efforts of an organism or machine.
construction
A construction in which eggs are hatched under artificial conditions.
hatchery
A textile is a manufactured product comprised of a network of natural or artificial fibers (often referred to as thread or yarn).
An organic material which is primarily composed of some natural bodily fluid or secretion such as blood, semen, saliva, blood plasma, intracellular and interstitial fluids.
A bodily fluid material which is composed primarily of excreta, bodily fluids consisting of matter which contains the waste products of biological processes, including urine or feces, discharged from an organism's body.
Food material which can be used to meet nutritional requirements of animals, particularly livestock such as cattle, goats, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs.
Most animal feed is from plants but some is of animal origin. Fodder refers particularly to food given to the animals (including plants cut and carried to them), rather than that which they forage for themselves. It includes hay, straw, silage, compressed and pelleted feeds, oils and mixed rations, and also sprouted grains and legumes.
Contaminated animal feed is an animal feed that has become contaminated with or come contact with microorganisms or toxic chemicals.
A mixture of crushed and coarsely ground bones that is used as an organic fertilizer for plants and formerly in animal feed.
Food material which can be used to meet nutritional requirements of plants.
A textile comprised of a pliable material made usually by weaving, felting, or knitting natural or synthetic fibers and filaments.
fluid environmental material
A process in which includes the components of an environmental system as participants.
This is a convenience class for organisation and should not be used for annotation.
environmental system process
A process during which material is displaced from its original location and transported either to a new location or back to the original location.
Experimental class for structural purposes not recommended for annotation.
material transport process
Sediment which has been transported through the marine water column, settling on the seafloor.
Particles of marine sediment are primarily generated by 1) processes in terrestrial systems and transported to the marine realm by the action of rivers or aeolian processes (amongst other routes) , 2) marine organisms, 3) chemical processes in seawater, or 4) cosmogeneous input.
marine sediment
A structure which traverses a mass of one or more environmental materials, and encloses a roughly tubular site.
channel
Any substance that can be consumed by an organism to satisfy nutritional or other health needs, or to provide a social or organoleptic food experience
food
foodstuff
nourishment
sustenance
food material
A material entity that consists of two or more organisms, viruses, or viroids.
May be of the same or different species.
collection of organisms
A collection of organisms, all of the same species, that live in the same place.
It is sometimes difficult to define the physical boundaries of a population. In the case of sexually reproducing organisms, the individuals within a population have the potential to reproduce with one another during the course of their lifetimes. 'Community', as often used to describe a group of humans, is a type of population of organisms. Classes for population already exist in IDO ('organism population', IDO_0000509) and OBI ('population', OBI_0000181). The definitions should be standardized across OBO Foundry ontologies and only one term used.
population of organisms
A material entity that has as parts two or more organisms, viruses, or viroids of the same species and no members of any other species.
collection of organisms of the same species
single-species collection of organisms
A material entity that is one or more organisms, viruses or viroids.
organismal entity
A material entity consisting of multiple components that are causally integrated.