Eric Merrell
Damion Dooley
Jie Zheng
John Beverley
John Judkins
Matthew Diller
Oliver He
Sam Smith
William Duncan
William R. Hogan
This Occupaton Ontology (OccO) is an ontology in the domain of human occupaitons. Current OccO version is developed based on the US Bureau of Labor Statistics Standard Occupation Classification (SOC) and the related O*Net System. The OccO development follows the principles of the Open Biological and Biomedical (OBO) Foundry.
Occupation Ontology (OccO)
1.0.65
2023-12-09
Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification.
Really of interest to developers only
BFO OWL specification label
Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Really of interest to developers only
BFO CLIF specification label
editor preferred term
The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English)
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
editor preferred term
example of usage
A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold.
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
example of usage
in branch
An annotation property indicating which module the terms belong to. This is currently experimental and not implemented yet.
GROUP:OBI
OBI_0000277
in branch
has curation status
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Bill Bug
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
has curation status
definition
The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
2012-04-05:
Barry Smith
The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible.
Can you fix to something like:
A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property.
Alan Ruttenberg
Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria.
On the specifics of the proposed definition:
We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition.
Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable.
We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with.
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
definition
editor note
An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology.
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obofoundry.org/obo/obi>
editor note
term editor
Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people
20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115.
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
term editor
alternative label
A label for a class or property that can be used to refer to the class or property instead of the preferred rdfs:label. Alternative labels should be used to indicate community- or context-specific labels, abbreviations, shorthand forms and the like.
OBO Operations committee
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
Consider re-defing to: An alternative name for a class or property which can mean the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent, narrow, broad or related).
alternative label
alternative term
definition source
Formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007
PERSON:Daniel Schober
Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
definition source
has obsolescence reason
Relates an annotation property to an obsolescence reason. The values of obsolescence reasons come from a list of predefined terms, instances of the class obsolescence reason specification.
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
has obsolescence reason
curator note
An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
curator note
term tracker item
the URI for an OBI Terms ticket at sourceforge, such as https://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/772/
An IRI or similar locator for a request or discussion of an ontology term.
Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
The 'tracker item' can associate a tracker with a specific ontology term.
term tracker item
ontology term requester
The name of the person, project, or organization that motivated inclusion of an ontology term by requesting its addition.
Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
The 'term requester' can credit the person, organization or project who request the ontology term.
ontology term requester
is denotator type
Relates an class defined in an ontology, to the type of it's denotator
In OWL 2 add AnnotationPropertyRange('is denotator type' 'denotator type')
Alan Ruttenberg
is denotator type
imported from
For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
imported from
expand expression to
ObjectProperty: RO_0002104
Label: has plasma membrane part
Annotations: IAO_0000424 "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.org/obo/owl/GO#GO_0005886 and http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)"
A macro expansion tag applied to an object property (or possibly a data property) which can be used by a macro-expansion engine to generate more complex expressions from simpler ones
Chris Mungall
expand expression to
expand assertion to
ObjectProperty: RO???
Label: spatially disjoint from
Annotations: expand_assertion_to "DisjointClasses: (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?X) (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)"
A macro expansion tag applied to an annotation property which can be expanded into a more detailed axiom.
Chris Mungall
expand assertion to
first order logic expression
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
first order logic expression
antisymmetric property
part_of antisymmetric property xsd:true
Use boolean value xsd:true to indicate that the property is an antisymmetric property
Alan Ruttenberg
antisymmetric property
OBO foundry unique label
An alternative name for a class or property which is unique across the OBO Foundry.
The intended usage of that property is as follow: OBO foundry unique labels are automatically generated based on regular expressions provided by each ontology, so that SO could specify unique label = 'sequence ' + [label], etc. , MA could specify 'mouse + [label]' etc. Upon importing terms, ontology developers can choose to use the 'OBO foundry unique label' for an imported term or not. The same applies to tools .
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Bjoern Peters
PERSON:Chris Mungall
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
GROUP:OBO Foundry <http://obofoundry.org/>
OBO foundry unique label
has ID digit count
Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/>
Annotations:
'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_"
'has ID digit count' : 7,
rdfs:label "RO id policy"
'has ID policy for': "RO"
Relates an ontology used to record id policy to the number of digits in the URI. The URI is: the 'has ID prefix" annotation property value concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits)
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
has ID digit count
has ID range allocated
Datatype: idrange:1
Annotations: 'has ID range allocated to': "Chris Mungall"
EquivalentTo: xsd:integer[> 2151 , <= 2300]
Relates a datatype that encodes a range of integers to the name of the person or organization who can use those ids constructed in that range to define new terms
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
has ID range allocated to
has ID policy for
Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/>
Annotations:
'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_"
'has ID digit count' : 7,
rdfs:label "RO id policy"
'has ID policy for': "RO"
Relating an ontology used to record id policy to the ontology namespace whose policy it manages
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
has ID policy for
has ID prefix
Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/>
Annotations:
'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_"
'has ID digit count' : 7,
rdfs:label "RO id policy"
'has ID policy for': "RO"
Relates an ontology used to record id policy to a prefix concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits) to construct an ID for a term being created.
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
has ID prefix
elucidation
person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Barry Smith
Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms which are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms
elucidation
has associated axiom(nl)
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
An axiom associated with a term expressed using natural language
has associated axiom(nl)
has associated axiom(fol)
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
An axiom expressed in first order logic using CLIF syntax
has associated axiom(fol)
is allocated id range
Relates an ontology IRI to an (inclusive) range of IRIs in an OBO name space. The range is give as, e.g. "IAO_0020000-IAO_0020999"
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
Add as annotation triples in the granting ontology
is allocated id range
has ontology root term
Ontology annotation property. Relates an ontology to a term that is a designated root term of the ontology. Display tools like OLS can use terms annotated with this property as the starting point for rendering the ontology class hierarchy. There can be more than one root.
Nicolas Matentzoglu
has ontology root term
may be identical to
A annotation relationship between two terms in an ontology that may refer to the same (natural) type but where more evidence is required before terms are merged.
David Osumi-Sutherland
#40
VFB
Edges asserting this should be annotated with to record evidence supporting the assertion and its provenance.
may be identical to
scheduled for obsoletion on or after
Used when the class or object is scheduled for obsoletion/deprecation on or after a particular date.
Chris Mungall, Jie Zheng
https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/15532
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/32
GO ontology
scheduled for obsoletion on or after
has axiom id
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
A URI that is intended to be unique label for an axiom used for tracking change to the ontology. For an axiom expressed in different languages, each expression is given the same URI
has axiom label
term replaced by
Use on obsolete terms, relating the term to another term that can be used as a substitute
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Add as annotation triples in the granting ontology
term replaced by
An annotation property that provides the information of the top and imporant abilities associated with an occupation
Oliver He
Sam Smtih
top occupation abilities
An annotation property that provides the information of the top and imporant skills associated with an occupation
Oliver He
Sam Smtih
top occupation skills
Oliver He
Sam Smith
US Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) ID
https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_stru.htm
https://www.bls.gov/soc/
US SOC ID
Jie Zheng
Alabama preferred label
Jie Zheng
Alabama Cluster
This is an annotation used on an object property to indicate a logical characterstic beyond what is possible in OWL.
OBO Operations call
logical characteristic of object property
'part disjoint with' 'defined by construct' """
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX : <http://example.org/
CONSTRUCT {
[
a owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty :part_of ;
owl:someValuesFrom ?a ;
owl:disjointWith [
a owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty :part_of ;
owl:someValuesFrom ?b
]
]
}
WHERE {
?a :part_disjoint_with ?b .
}
Links an annotation property to a SPARQL CONSTRUCT query which is meant to provide semantics for a shortcut relation.
defined by construct
CHEBI:26523 (reactive oxygen species) has an exact synonym (ROS), which is of type OMO:0003000 (abbreviation)
A synonym type for describing abbreviations or initalisms
2023-03-03
abbreviation
A synonym type for describing ambiguous synonyms
2023-03-03
ambiguous synonym
A synonym type for describing dubious synonyms
2023-03-03
dubious synonym
EFO:0006346 (severe cutaneous adverse reaction) has an exact synonym (scar), which is of the type OMO:0003003 (layperson synonym)
A synonym type for describing layperson or colloquial synonyms
2023-03-03
layperson synonym
CHEBI:23367 (molecular entity) has an exact synonym (molecular entities), which is of the type OMO:0003004 (plural form)
A synonym type for describing pluralization synonyms
2023-03-03
plural form
CHEBI:16189 (sulfate) has an exact synonym (sulphate), which is of the type OMO:0003005 (UK spelling synonym)
A synonym type for describing UK spelling variants
2023-03-03
UK spelling synonym
A synonym type for common misspellings
2023-03-03
misspelling
A synonym type for misnomers, i.e., a synonym that is not technically correct but is commonly used anyway
2023-03-03
misnomer
MAPT, the gene that encodes the Tau protein, has a previous name DDPAC. Note: in this case, the name type is more specifically the gene symbol.
A synonym type for names that have been used as primary labels in the past.
2023-07-25
previous name
The legal name for Harvard University (https://ror.org/03vek6s52) is President and Fellows of Harvard College
A synonym type for the legal entity name
2023-07-27
legal name
CHEBI:46195 has been assigned the english International Nonproproprietary Name (INN) "paracetamol". In some cases such as this one, the INN might be the same as the ontology's primary label
The International Nonproprietary Name (INN) is a standardize name for a pharmaceutical drug or active ingredient issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) meant to address the issues with country- or language-specific brand names. These are issued in several languages, including English, Latin, French, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, and Chinese.
2023-09-30
INN
International Nonproprietary Name
nasopharynx (UBERON:0001728) has the latin name "pars nasalis pharyngis
A synonym type for describing Latin term synonyms.
2023-10-12
latin term
NASA is an word acronym for the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration because the acronym is pronounced. FBI is an initialism (also known as alphabetism) for the US Federal Bureau of Investigation since the letters are pronounced one at a time. JPEG is an acronym for Joint Photographic Experts Group but does not count as a word acronym nor an initialism since it is mixed how it is pronounced.
A synonym type for describing abbreviations that are a part of the full name's words, such as initialisms or alphabetisms.
2023-11-01
acronym
An alternative label for a class or property which has a more general meaning than the preferred name/primary label.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/18
has broad synonym
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/18
An alternative label for a class or property which has the exact same meaning than the preferred name/primary label.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/20
has exact synonym
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/20
An alternative label for a class or property which has a more specific meaning than the preferred name/primary label.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/19
has narrow synonym
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/19
An alternative label for a class or property that has been used synonymously with the primary term name, but the usage is not strictly correct.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/21
has related synonym
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/21
is part of
my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity)
this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'.
part_of
part of
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of
has part
my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity)
this year has part this day (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'.
has_part
has part
realized in
this disease is realized in this disease course
this fragility is realized in this shattering
this investigator role is realized in this investigation
is realized by
realized_in
[copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003])
Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
realized in
realizes
this disease course realizes this disease
this investigation realizes this investigator role
this shattering realizes this fragility
to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003])
Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
realizes
occurs in
b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
occurs_in
unfolds in
unfolds_in
Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
occurs in
site of
[copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
contains process
has ability
has skill
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3600-6506 Giacomo De Colle
ONET narrower than
inheres in
this fragility is a characteristic of this vase
this red color is a characteristic of this apple
a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence.
inheres_in
Note that this relation was previously called "inheres in", but was changed to be called "characteristic of" because BFO2 uses "inheres in" in a more restricted fashion. This relation differs from BFO2:inheres_in in two respects: (1) it does not impose a range constraint, and thus it allows qualities of processes, as well as of information entities, whereas BFO2 restricts inheres_in to only apply to independent continuants (2) it is declared functional, i.e. something can only be a characteristic of one thing.
characteristic of
bearer of
this apple is bearer of this red color
this vase is bearer of this fragility
Inverse of characteristic_of
A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist.
bearer_of
is bearer of
has characteristic
participates in
this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation
this input material (or this output material) participates in this process
this investigator participates in this investigation
a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
participates_in
participates in
has participant
this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot
this investigation has participant this investigator
this process has participant this input material (or this output material)
a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time.
has_participant
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant
has participant
A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The journal article (a generically dependent continuant) is concretized as the quality (a specifically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant).
An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process).
A relationship between a generically dependent continuant and a specifically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. A generically dependent continuant may be concretized as multiple specifically dependent continuants.
is concretized as
A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The quality (a specifically dependent continuant) concretizes the journal article (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant).
An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process).
A relationship between a specifically dependent continuant and a generically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. Multiple specifically dependent continuants can concretize the same generically dependent continuant.
concretizes
this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme
a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
function_of
is function of
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
function of
this red color is a quality of this apple
a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists.
is quality of
quality_of
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
quality of
this investigator role is a role of this person
a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
is role of
role_of
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
role of
this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function)
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
has_function
has function
this apple has quality this red color
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist.
has_quality
has quality
this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator)
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
has_role
has role
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
has disposition
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
disposition of
this cell derives from this parent cell (cell division)
this nucleus derives from this parent nucleus (nuclear division)
a relation between two distinct material entities, the new entity and the old entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity
This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops from'.
derives_from
derives from
this parent cell derives into this cell (cell division)
this parent nucleus derives into this nucleus (nuclear division)
a relation between two distinct material entities, the old entity and the new entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity
This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops into'. To avoid making statements about a future that may not come to pass, it is often better to use the backward-looking 'derives from' rather than the forward-looking 'derives into'.
derives_into
derives into
is location of
my head is the location of my brain
this cage is the location of this rat
a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location
Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
location_of
location of
located in
my brain is located in my head
this rat is located in this cage
a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location
Location as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation c located_in r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is part_of the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus
Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
located_in
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:located_in
located in
This is redundant with the more specific 'independent and not spatial region' constraint. We leave in the redundant axiom for use with reasoners that do not use negation.
This is redundant with the more specific 'independent and not spatial region' constraint. We leave in the redundant axiom for use with reasoners that do not use negation.
the surface of my skin is a 2D boundary of my body
a relation between a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary) and a material entity, in which the boundary delimits the material entity
A 2D boundary may have holes and gaps, but it must be a single connected entity, not an aggregate of several disconnected parts.
Although the boundary is two-dimensional, it exists in three-dimensional space and thus has a 3D shape.
2D_boundary_of
boundary of
is 2D boundary of
is boundary of
2D boundary of
my body has 2D boundary the surface of my skin
a relation between a material entity and a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary), in which the boundary delimits the material entity
A 2D boundary may have holes and gaps, but it must be a single connected entity, not an aggregate of several disconnected parts.
Although the boundary is two-dimensional, it exists in three-dimensional space and thus has a 3D shape.
has boundary
has_2D_boundary
has 2D boundary
An organism that is a member of a population of organisms
is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection.
is member of
member part of
SIO
member of
has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item.
SIO
has member
DEPRECATED This relation is similar to but different in important respects to the characteristic-of relation. See comments on that relation for more information.
DEPRECATED inheres in
true
DEPRECATED bearer of
true
A data property that represents a job zone for a specific occupation
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/help/online/zones
has job zone
entity
Entity
Julius Caesar
Verdi’s Requiem
the Second World War
your body mass index
BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81
Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf
An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])
entity
Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf
per discussion with Barry Smith
An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])
continuant
Continuant
An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240
Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants
A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])
if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])
if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])
if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])
(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002]
(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001]
(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002]
(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002]
continuant
Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants
A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])
if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])
if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])
if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])
(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002]
(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001]
(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002]
(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002]
occurrent
Occurrent
An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time.
BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region
BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players.
Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.
Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.
An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])
Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])
b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])
(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001]
(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001]
occurrent
Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.
per discussion with Barry Smith
Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.
An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])
Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])
b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])
(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001]
(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001]
ic
IndependentContinuant
a chair
a heart
a leg
a molecule
a spatial region
an atom
an orchestra.
an organism
the bottom right portion of a human torso
the interior of your mouth
b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])
For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])
(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001]
(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002]
(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002]
A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
independent continuant
b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])
For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])
(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001]
(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002]
(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002]
s-region
SpatialRegion
BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes.
Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.
A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])
All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])
(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001]
(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001]
spatial region
Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.
per discussion with Barry Smith
A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])
All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])
(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001]
(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001]
t-region
TemporalRegion
Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional
A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])
All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])
Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])
(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002]
(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001]
(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001]
temporal region
Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional
per discussion with Barry Smith
A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])
All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])
Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])
(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002]
(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001]
(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001]
2d-s-region
TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion
an infinitely thin plane in space.
the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space
A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])
(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001]
two-dimensional spatial region
A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])
(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001]
st-region
SpatiotemporalRegion
the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life
the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis.
the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])
All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])
Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])
Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])
Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself.
Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])
(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002]
(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001]
(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001]
(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001]
(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001]
spatiotemporal region
A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])
All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])
Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])
Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])
Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])
(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002]
(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001]
(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001]
(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001]
(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001]
process
Process
a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart
a process of meiosis
a process of sleeping
the course of a disease
the flight of a bird
the life of an organism
your process of aging.
p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war)
(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003]
An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t.
process
p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003]
disposition
Disposition
an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y
certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer
children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways.
the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis
BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type.
b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])
If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])
(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002]
(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002]
disposition
b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])
If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])
(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002]
(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002]
realizable
RealizableEntity
the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity.
the disposition of your blood to coagulate
the function of your reproductive organs
the role of being a doctor
the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet
A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])
All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])
(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002]
(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002]
realizable entity
To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])
All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])
(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002]
(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002]
0d-s-region
ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion
A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])
(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001]
zero-dimensional spatial region
A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])
(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001]
quality
Quality
the ambient temperature of this portion of air
the color of a tomato
the length of the circumference of your waist
the mass of this piece of gold.
the shape of your nose
the shape of your nostril
a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])
If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])
(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001]
(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001]
quality
a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])
If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])
(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001]
(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001]
sdc
SpecificallyDependentContinuant
Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key
of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato
of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates.
the disposition of this fish to decay
the function of this heart: to pump blood
the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79
the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction
the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center
the role of being a doctor
the shape of this hole.
the smell of this portion of mozzarella
b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.
(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003]
A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
specifically dependent continuant
b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.
per discussion with Barry Smith
(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003]
role
Role
John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
the priest role
the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories
the role of a building in serving as a military target
the role of a stone in marking a property boundary
the role of subject in a clinical trial
the student role
A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives.
b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])
(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001]
role
b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])
(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001]
fiat-object-part
FiatObjectPart
or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29
the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body.
the Western hemisphere of the Earth
the division of the brain into regions
the division of the planet into hemispheres
the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body
the upper and lower lobes of the left lung
BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions
b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])
(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]
fiat object part
b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])
(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]
1d-s-region
OneDimensionalSpatialRegion
an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space.
A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])
(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001]
one-dimensional spatial region
A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])
(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001]
object-aggregate
ObjectAggregate
a collection of cells in a blood biobank.
a swarm of bees is an aggregate of members who are linked together through natural bonds
a symphony orchestra
an organization is an aggregate whose member parts have roles of specific types (for example in a jazz band, a chess club, a football team)
defined by fiat: the aggregate of members of an organization
defined through physical attachment: the aggregate of atoms in a lump of granite
defined through physical containment: the aggregate of molecules of carbon dioxide in a sealed container
defined via attributive delimitations such as: the patients in this hospital
the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint
the aggregate of blood cells in your body
the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere
the restaurants in Palo Alto
your collection of Meissen ceramic plates.
An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
BFO 2 Reference: object aggregates may gain and lose parts while remaining numerically identical (one and the same individual) over time. This holds both for aggregates whose membership is determined naturally (the aggregate of cells in your body) and aggregates determined by fiat (a baseball team, a congressional committee).
ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158.
b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])
(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004]
object aggregate
An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158.
b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])
(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004]
3d-s-region
ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion
a cube-shaped region of space
a sphere-shaped region of space,
A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])
(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001]
three-dimensional spatial region
A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])
(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001]
site
Site
Manhattan Canyon)
a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese
a rabbit hole
an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport
the Grand Canyon
the Piazza San Marco
the cockpit of an aircraft
the hold of a ship
the interior of a kangaroo pouch
the interior of the trunk of your car
the interior of your bedroom
the interior of your office
the interior of your refrigerator
the lumen of your gut
your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity)
b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])
(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002]
site
b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])
(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002]
object
Object
atom
cell
cells and organisms
engineered artifacts
grain of sand
molecule
organelle
organism
planet
solid portions of matter
star
BFO 2 Reference: BFO rests on the presupposition that at multiple micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales reality exhibits certain stable, spatially separated or separable material units, combined or combinable into aggregates of various sorts (for example organisms into what are called ‘populations’). Such units play a central role in almost all domains of natural science from particle physics to cosmology. Many scientific laws govern the units in question, employing general terms (such as ‘molecule’ or ‘planet’) referring to the types and subtypes of units, and also to the types and subtypes of the processes through which such units develop and interact. The division of reality into such natural units is at the heart of biological science, as also is the fact that these units may form higher-level units (as cells form multicellular organisms) and that they may also form aggregates of units, for example as cells form portions of tissue and organs form families, herds, breeds, species, and so on. At the same time, the division of certain portions of reality into engineered units (manufactured artifacts) is the basis of modern industrial technology, which rests on the distributed mass production of engineered parts through division of labor and on their assembly into larger, compound units such as cars and laptops. The division of portions of reality into units is one starting point for the phenomenon of counting.
BFO 2 Reference: Each object is such that there are entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its interior, and other entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its exterior. This may not be so for entities lying at or near the boundary between the interior and exterior. This means that two objects – for example the two cells depicted in Figure 3 – may be such that there are material entities crossing their boundaries which belong determinately to neither cell. Something similar obtains in certain cases of conjoined twins (see below).
BFO 2 Reference: To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t.causal changes in one part of b can have consequences for other parts of b without the mediation of any entity that lies on the exterior of b. Material entities with no proper material parts would satisfy these conditions trivially. Candidate examples of types of causal unity for material entities of more complex sorts are as follows (this is not intended to be an exhaustive list):CU1: Causal unity via physical coveringHere the parts in the interior of the unified entity are combined together causally through a common membrane or other physical covering\. The latter points outwards toward and may serve a protective function in relation to what lies on the exterior of the entity [13, 47
BFO 2 Reference: an object is a maximal causally unified material entity
BFO 2 Reference: ‘objects’ are sometimes referred to as ‘grains’ [74
b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])
object
b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])
gdc
GenericallyDependentContinuant
The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity.
the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop
the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule.
b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001]
A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time.
generically dependent continuant
b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001]
function
Function
the function of a hammer to drive in nails
the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity
the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar
BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc.
A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])
(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001]
function
A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])
(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001]
p-boundary
ProcessBoundary
the boundary between the 2nd and 3rd year of your life.
p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])
Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])
(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002]
(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001]
process boundary
p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])
Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])
(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002]
(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001]
1d-t-region
OneDimensionalTemporalRegion
the temporal region during which a process occurs.
BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks).
A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])
(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001]
one-dimensional temporal region
A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])
(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001]
material
MaterialEntity
a flame
a forest fire
a human being
a hurricane
a photon
a puff of smoke
a sea wave
a tornado
an aggregate of human beings.
an energy wave
an epidemic
the undetached arm of a human being
An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60
BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity.
BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here.
A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])
Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])
every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])
(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002]
(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002]
(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002]
material entity
A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])
Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])
every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])
(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002]
(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002]
(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002]
cf-boundary
ContinuantFiatBoundary
b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])
BFO 2 Reference: In BFO 1.1 the assumption was made that the external surface of a material entity such as a cell could be treated as if it were a boundary in the mathematical sense. The new document propounds the view that when we talk about external surfaces of material objects in this way then we are talking about something fiat. To be dealt with in a future version: fiat boundaries at different levels of granularity.More generally, the focus in discussion of boundaries in BFO 2.0 is now on fiat boundaries, which means: boundaries for which there is no assumption that they coincide with physical discontinuities. The ontology of boundaries becomes more closely allied with the ontology of regions.
BFO 2 Reference: a continuant fiat boundary is a boundary of some material entity (for example: the plane separating the Northern and Southern hemispheres; the North Pole), or it is a boundary of some immaterial entity (for example of some portion of airspace). Three basic kinds of continuant fiat boundary can be distinguished (together with various combination kinds [29
Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions.
Every continuant fiat boundary is located at some spatial region at every time at which it exists
(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001]
continuant fiat boundary
b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])
Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions.
(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001]
immaterial
ImmaterialEntity
BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10
immaterial entity
1d-cf-boundary
OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
The Equator
all geopolitical boundaries
all lines of latitude and longitude
the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin.
the median sulcus of your tongue
a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])
(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001]
one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])
(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001]
process-profile
ProcessProfile
On a somewhat higher level of complexity are what we shall call rate process profiles, which are the targets of selective abstraction focused not on determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time, but rather on certain ratios between these magnitudes and elapsed times. A speed process profile, for example, is represented by a graph plotting against time the ratio of distance covered per unit of time. Since rates may change, and since such changes, too, may have rates of change, we have to deal here with a hierarchy of process profile universals at successive levels
One important sub-family of rate process profiles is illustrated by the beat or frequency profiles of cyclical processes, illustrated by the 60 beats per minute beating process of John’s heart, or the 120 beats per minute drumming process involved in one of John’s performances in a rock band, and so on. Each such process includes what we shall call a beat process profile instance as part, a subtype of rate process profile in which the salient ratio is not distance covered but rather number of beat cycles per unit of time. Each beat process profile instance instantiates the determinable universal beat process profile. But it also instantiates multiple more specialized universals at lower levels of generality, selected from rate process profilebeat process profileregular beat process profile3 bpm beat process profile4 bpm beat process profileirregular beat process profileincreasing beat process profileand so on.In the case of a regular beat process profile, a rate can be assigned in the simplest possible fashion by dividing the number of cycles by the length of the temporal region occupied by the beating process profile as a whole. Irregular process profiles of this sort, for example as identified in the clinic, or in the readings on an aircraft instrument panel, are often of diagnostic significance.
The simplest type of process profiles are what we shall call ‘quality process profiles’, which are the process profiles which serve as the foci of the sort of selective abstraction that is involved when measurements are made of changes in single qualities, as illustrated, for example, by process profiles of mass, temperature, aortic pressure, and so on.
b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])
b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])
(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005]
(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002]
process profile
b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])
b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])
(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005]
(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002]
r-quality
RelationalQuality
John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
a marriage bond, an instance of requited love, an obligation between one person and another.
b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])
(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001]
relational quality
b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])
(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001]
2d-cf-boundary
TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])
(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001]
two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])
(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001]
0d-cf-boundary
ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
the geographic North Pole
the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system.
the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet
zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])
(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001]
zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
requested by Melanie Courtot
a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])
(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001]
0d-t-region
ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion
a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary
right now
the moment at which a child is born
the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident
the moment of death.
temporal instant.
A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])
(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001]
zero-dimensional temporal region
A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])
(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001]
history
History
A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])
history
A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])
data item
data item
information content entity
information content entity
curation status specification
The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting)
PERSON:Bill Bug
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
OBI_0000266
curation status specification
data about an ontology part
Data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
data about an ontology part
obsolescence reason specification
The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
The creation of this class has been inspired in part by Werner Ceusters' paper, Applying evolutionary terminology auditing to the Gene Ontology.
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
obsolescence reason specification
denotator type
The Basic Formal Ontology ontology makes a distinction between Universals and defined classes, where the formal are "natural kinds" and the latter arbitrary collections of entities.
A denotator type indicates how a term should be interpreted from an ontological perspective.
Alan Ruttenberg
Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters
denotator type
ontology module
I have placed this under 'data about an ontology part', but this can be discussed. I think this is OK if 'part' is interpreted reflexively, as an ontology module is the whole ontology rather than part of it.
ontology file
This class and it's subclasses are applied to OWL ontologies. Using an rdf:type triple will result in problems with OWL-DL. I propose that dcterms:type is instead used to connect an ontology URI with a class from this hierarchy. The class hierarchy is not disjoint, so multiple assertions can be made about a single ontology.
ontology module
base ontology module
An ontology module that comprises only of asserted axioms local to the ontology, excludes import directives, and excludes axioms or declarations from external ontologies.
base ontology module
editors ontology module
An ontology module that is intended to be directly edited, typically managed in source control, and typically not intended for direct consumption by end-users.
source ontology module
editors ontology module
main release ontology module
An ontology module that is intended to be the primary release product and the one consumed by the majority of tools.
TODO: Add logical axioms that state that a main release ontology module is derived from (directly or indirectly) an editors module
main release ontology module
bridge ontology module
An ontology module that consists entirely of axioms that connect or bridge two distinct ontology modules. For example, the Uberon-to-ZFA bridge module.
bridge ontology module
import ontology module
A subset ontology module that is intended to be imported from another ontology.
TODO: add axioms that indicate this is the output of a module extraction process.
import file
import ontology module
subset ontology module
An ontology module that is extracted from a main ontology module and includes only a subset of entities or axioms.
ontology slim
subset ontology
subset ontology module
curation subset ontology module
A subset ontology that is intended as a whitelist for curators using the ontology. Such a subset will exclude classes that curators should not use for curation.
curation subset ontology module
analysis ontology module
An ontology module that is intended for usage in analysis or discovery applications.
analysis subset ontology module
single layer ontology module
A subset ontology that is largely comprised of a single layer or strata in an ontology class hierarchy. The purpose is typically for rolling up for visualization. The classes in the layer need not be disjoint.
ribbon subset
single layer subset ontology module
exclusion subset ontology module
A subset of an ontology that is intended to be excluded for some purpose. For example, a blacklist of classes.
antislim
exclusion subset ontology module
external import ontology module
An imported ontology module that is derived from an external ontology. Derivation methods include the OWLAPI SLME approach.
external import
external import ontology module
species subset ontology module
A subset ontology that is crafted to either include or exclude a taxonomic grouping of species.
taxon subset
species subset ontology module
reasoned ontology module
An ontology module that contains axioms generated by a reasoner. The generated axioms are typically direct SubClassOf axioms, but other possibilities are available.
reasoned ontology module
generated ontology module
An ontology module that is automatically generated, for example via a SPARQL query or via template and a CSV.
TODO: Add axioms (using PROV-O?) that indicate this is the output-of some reasoning process
generated ontology module
template generated ontology module
An ontology module that is automatically generated from a template specification and fillers for slots in that template.
template generated ontology module
taxonomic bridge ontology module
taxonomic bridge ontology module
ontology module subsetted by expressivity
ontology module subsetted by expressivity
obo basic subset ontology module
A subset ontology that is designed for basic applications to continue to make certain simplifying assumptions; many of these simplifying assumptions were based on the initial version of the Gene Ontology, and have become enshrined in many popular and useful tools such as term enrichment tools.
Examples of such assumptions include: traversing the ontology graph ignoring relationship types using a naive algorithm will not lead to cycles (i.e. the ontology is a DAG); every referenced term is declared in the ontology (i.e. there are no dangling clauses).
An ontology is OBO Basic if and only if it has the following characteristics:
DAG
Unidirectional
No Dangling Clauses
Fully Asserted
Fully Labeled
No equivalence axioms
Singly labeled edges
No qualifier lists
No disjointness axioms
No owl-axioms header
No imports
obo basic subset ontology module
ontology module subsetted by OWL profile
ontology module subsetted by OWL profile
EL++ ontology module
EL++ ontology module
GC_ID:1
human
ncbi_taxonomy
Homo sapiens
A human who has a role in society that is realized in an occupation process or an activity as a livelihood (i.e., “means of support or subsistence”). To fulfill such an occupation, the occupation holder is required to have necessary capabilities including skill(s) and abilities. A human who has a role in society that is realized in an occupation process or an activity as a livelihood (i.e., “means of support or subsistence”). To fulfill such an occupation, the occupation holder is required to have necessary capabilities including skill(s) and abilities.
Damion Dooley
Eric Merrell
John Beverley
Sam Smith
Yongqun He
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_(human_activity)
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/occupation
occupation holder
A learned capability to perform an action with determined results with good execution often within a given amount of time, energy, or both.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skill
skill
A capability that an agent has to power the performance of various actions.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ability
ability
A disposition that can be evaluated on the basis of how well they are realized. They differ from functions in that their realizations are not the rationale – not the primary reason – for the existence of their bearers.
Barry Smith
David Limbaugh
Eric Merrell
Peter Koch
https://philpapers.org/rec/MERC-14
capability
A role that has the bearer of a human being and is realized in an occupation process.
Damion Dooley
John Beverley
Matt Diller
Oliver He
Sam Smith
job role
obsolete occupation role
true
A set of behavioural processes which a person has a disposition to perform repeatedly in pursuit of a social objective.
occupation
occupation process
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_(human_activity)
https://www.bls.gov/bls/glossary.htm#O
obsolete occupation activity
true
A job zone is a class of data item that defines: how much education people need to do the work, how much related experience people need to do the work, and how much on-the-job training people need to do the work.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/help/online/zones
job zone
Occupations that need little or no preparation
Oliver He
Sam Smith
JZ 1 - Very Low
https://www.onetonline.org/help/online/zones
job zone 1
Occupations that need some preparation
Oliver He
Sam Smith
JZ 2 - Low
https://www.onetonline.org/help/online/zones
job zone 2
Occupations that need medium preparation
Oliver He
Sam Smith
JZ 3 - Medium
https://www.onetonline.org/help/online/zones
job zone 3
Occupations that need considerable preparation
Oliver He
Sam Smith
JZ 4 - High
https://www.onetonline.org/help/online/zones
job zone 4
Occupations that need extensive preparation
Oliver He
Sam Smith
JZ 5 - Very High
https://www.onetonline.org/help/online/zones
job zone 5
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/skills/soft/
2.A.2.b
active learning
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/skills/soft/
2.A.1.b
active listening
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/skills/soft/
2.B.2.i
complex problem solving
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.1.b
coordination
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/skills/soft/
2.A.2.a
critical thinking
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.j
equipment maintenance
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.c
equipment selection
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.d
installation
Teaching others how to do something.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/skills/soft/
2.B.1.e
instructing
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.4.e
judgment and decision making
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/skills/soft/
2.A.2.c
learning strategies
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.5.b
management of financial resources
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.5.c
management of material resources
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.5.d
management of personnel resources
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.A/2.A.1/2.A.2
2.A.1.e
mathematics
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/skills/soft/
2.A.2.d
monitoring
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/skills/soft/
2.B.1.d
negotiation
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.h
operation and control
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.g
operation monitoring
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.a
operations analysis
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.1.c
persuasion
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.e
programming
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.m
quality control analysis
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.A/2.A.1/2.A.2
2.A.1.a
reading comprehension
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.l
repairing
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.A/2.A.1/2.A.2
2.A.1.f
science
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/skills/soft/
2.B.1.f
service orientation
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.1.a
social perceptiveness
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.A/2.A.1/2.A.2
2.A.1.d
speaking
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.4.g
systems analysis
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.4.h
systems evaluation
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.b
technology design
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.5.a
time management
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.B/2.B.2/2.B.5/2.B.1/2.B.4/2.B.3
2.B.3.k
troubleshooting
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/2.A/2.A.1/2.A.2
2.A.1.c
writing
A disposition that is held by an occupation holder to perform occupation activity.
Bill Duncan
Bill Hogan
John Beverley
Matt Diller
Oliver He
Sam Smith
obsolete occupation disposition
true
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.a.1
arm-hand steadiness
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.b.2
auditory attention
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.b.7
category flexibility
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.b.1
control precision
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.b.4
deductive reasoning
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.a.6
depth perception
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.3.c.2
dynamic flexibility
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.3.a.3
dynamic strength
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.3.a.2
explosive strength
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.3.c.1
extent flexibility
The ability to see details at a distance.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.a.2
far vision
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.a.3
finger dexterity
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.e.2
flexibility of closure
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.b.1
fluency of ideas
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.a.7
glare sensitivity
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.3.c.3
gross body coordination
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.3.c.4
gross body equilibrium
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.b.1
hearing sensitivity
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.b.5
inductive reasoning
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.b.6
information ordering
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.a.2
manual dexterity
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.c.1
mathematical reasoning
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.d.1
memorization
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.b.2
multilimb coordination
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.a.1
near vision
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.a.4
night vision
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.c.2
number facility
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.a.1
oral comprehension
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.a.3
oral expression
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.b.2
originality
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.e.3
perceptual speed
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.a.5
peripheral vision
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.b.3
problem sensitivity
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.b.4
rate control
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.c.1
reaction time
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.b.3
response orientation
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.g.1
selective attention
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.b.3
sound localization
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.f.1
spatial orientation
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.b.5
speech clarity
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.b.4
speech recognition
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.e.1
speed of closure
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.c.3
speed of limb movement
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.3.b.1
stamina
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.3.a.1
static strength
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.g.2
time sharing
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.3.a.4
trunk strength
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.4.a.3
visual color discrimination
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.f.2
visualization
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.2.c.2
wrist-finger speed
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.a.2
written comprehension
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Oliver He
Sam Smith
https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/1.A/1.A.1/1.A.1.g
1.A.1.a.4
written expression
An occupation activity which the occupation holder must be authorized to perform in a given jurisdiction (timeframe etc).
Matt Diller
Oliver He
Sam Smith
regulated occupation
socially-sanctioned occupation activity
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/102490790301000310
regulated occupation activity
An occupation activity which is illegal or ostracized in a given jurisdiction.
Matt Diller
Oliver He
Sam Smith
illicit occupation
illicit occupation activity
Giacomo De Colle
ONET identifier
material entity role
A role in human social processes that, if realized, is realized when the bearer provides labor or services in exchange for a wage or salary as specified by some deontic declaration.
Amanda hicks
employee
job role
A disposition that, if realized, is realized when the bearer intends to, and does, exercise abilities and skills in pursuit of obtaining or maintaining an job role.
Matthew Diller
Damion Dooley
Jie Zheng
John Beverley
John W. Judkins
Sam Smith
William D. Duncan
William R. Hogan
Yongqun He
occupation disposition
A process in which an occupation holder participates that realizes either an occupation disposition or job role.
Matthew Diller
occupation process
Damion Dooley
Eric Merrell
Jie Zheng
John Beverley
John W. Judkins
Sam Smith
William D. Duncan
William R. Hogan
Yongqun He
occupation activity
A role that inheres in some entity that is realized in a social act.
Matthew Diller
Mathias Brochhausen
Previous definition: A role played by an entity in human social processes.
role in human social processes
example to be eventually removed
example to be eventually removed
failed exploratory term
The term was used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology but in retrospect failed to do a good job
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
failed exploratory term
metadata complete
Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete.
metadata complete
organizational term
Term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release
organizational term
ready for release
Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release."
ready for release
metadata incomplete
Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors.
metadata incomplete
uncurated
Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term.
uncurated
pending final vetting
All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor.
pending final vetting
Core is an instance of a grouping of terms from an ontology or ontologies. It is used by the ontology to identify main classes.
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
obsolete_core
true
placeholder removed
placeholder removed
terms merged
An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge.
terms merged
term imported
This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use.
term imported
term split
This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created.
term split
universal
Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents.
Alan Ruttenberg
A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf
universal
defined class
A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal
"definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal.
Alan Ruttenberg
defined class
named class expression
A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression.
named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions
Alan Ruttenberg
named class expression
to be replaced with external ontology term
Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology.
Alan Ruttenberg
group:OBI
to be replaced with external ontology term
requires discussion
A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues.
Alan Ruttenberg
group:OBI
requires discussion
The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was in scope, but it turned out later that it was not.
This obsolesence reason should be used conservatively. Typical valid examples are: un-necessary grouping classes in disease ontologies, a phenotype term added on the assumption it was a disease.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/77
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432
out of scope
The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was a valid domain entity, but it turns out the entity does not exist in reality.
This obsolesence reason should be used conservatively. For example: Obsoleting class that describes a breed of cow based on a record in an existing database, that was later retracted as faulty (breed does not exist). Do not use this term to obsolete a historic concept (that was once valid, but not anymore).
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/136
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4142-7153
domain entity does not exist
occupation holder with job zone 5
occupation holder with job zone 4
occupation holder with job zone 3
occupation holder with job zone 2
occupation holder with job zone 1
holder of regulated occupation activity
holder of illicit occupation activity
11-0000
management occupation
11-1000
top executive
11-1010
chief executive (broad)
11-1011.00
chief executive
11-1011.03
chief sustainability officer
11-1020
general or operations manager (broad)
11-1021.00
general or operations manager
11-1030
legislator (broad)
11-1031.00
legislator
11-2000
advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, or sales manager
11-2010
advertising or promotions manager (broad)
11-2011.00
advertising or promotions manager
11-2020
marketing or sales manager
11-2021.00
marketing manager
11-2022.00
sales manager
11-2030
public relations or fundraising manager
11-2032.00
public relations manager
11-2033.00
fundraising manager
11-3000
operations specialties manager
11-3010
administrative services or facilities manager
11-3012.00
administrative services manager
11-3013.00
facilities manager
11-3013.01
security manager
11-3020
computer or information systems manager (broad)
11-3021.00
computer or information systems manager
11-3030
financial manager (broad)
11-3031
financial manager
11-3031.01
treasurers or controller
11-3031.03
investment fund manager
11-3050
industrial production manager (broad)
11-3051.00
industrial production manager
11-3051.01
quality control systems manager
11-3051.02
geothermal production manager
11-3051.03
biofuels production manager
11-3051.04
biomass power plant manager
11-3051.06
hydroelectric production manager
11-3060
purchasing manager (broad)
11-3061.00
purchasing manager
11-3070
transportation, storage, or distribution manager (broad)
11-3071.00
transportation, storage, or distribution manager
11-3071.04
supply chain manager
11-3110
compensation or benefits manager (broad)
11-3111.00
compensation or benefits manager
11-3120
human resources manager (broad)
11-3121.00
human resources manager
11-3130
training or development manager (broad)
11-3131.00
training or development manager
11-9000
other management occupation
11-9010
farmer, rancher, or other agricultural manager
11-9013.00
farmer, rancher or other agricultural manager
11-9020
construction manager (broad)
11-9021.00
construction manager
11-9030
education or childcare administrator
11-9031.00
education or childcare administrator, preschool or daycare
11-9032.00
education administrator, kindergarten through secondary
11-9033.00
education administrator, postsecondary
11-9039.00
education administrator, all other
11-9040
architectural or engineering manager (broad)
11-9041.00
architectural or engineering manager
11-9041.01
biofuels/biodiesel technology or product development manager
11-9050
food service manager (broad)
11-9051.00
food service manager
11-9070
entertainment or recreation manager
11-9071.00
gambling manager
11-9072.00
entertainment or recreation manager, except gambling
11-9080
lodging manager (broad)
11-9081.00
lodging manager
11-9110
medical or health services manager (broad)
11-9111.00
medical or health services manager
11-9120
natural sciences manager (broad)
11-9121.00
natural sciences manager
11-9121.01
clinical research coordinator
11-9121.02
water resource specialist
11-9130
postmaster or mail superintendent
11-9131.00
postmasters or mail superintendent
11-9140
property, real estate, or community association manager (broad)
11-9141.00
property, real estate, or community association manager
11-9150
social or community service manager (broad)
11-9151.00
social or community service manager
11-9160
emergency management director (broad)
11-9161.00
emergency management director
11-9170
personal service manager
11-9171.00
funeral home manager
11-9179.00
personal service manager, all other
11-9179.01
fitness or wellness coordinator
11-9179.02
spa manager
11-9190
miscellaneous manager
11-9199.00
manager, all other
11-9199.01
regulatory affairs manager
11-9199.02
compliance manager
11-9199.08
loss prevention manager
11-9199.09
wind energy operations manager
11-9199.10
wind energy development manager
11-9199.11
brownfield redevelopment specialist or site manager
13-0000
business or financial operations occupation holder
13-1000
business operations specialist
13-1010
agent or business manager of artist, performer, or athlete
13-1011.00
agent or business manager of artist, performer, or athletes
13-1020
buyer or purchasing agent
13-1021.00
buyer or purchasing agent, farm product
13-1022.00
wholesale or retail buyer, except farm product
13-1023.00
purchasing agent, except wholesale, retail, or farm product
13-1030
claims adjuster, appraiser, examiner, or investigator
13-1031.00
claims adjuster, examiner, or investigator
13-1032.00
insurance appraiser, auto damage
13-1040
compliance officer (broad)
13-1041.00
compliance officer
13-1041.01
environmental compliance inspector
13-1041.03
equal opportunity representative or officer
13-1041.04
government property inspector or investigator
13-1041.06
coroner
13-1041.07
regulatory affairs specialist
13-1041.08
customs broker
13-1050
cost estimator (broad)
13-1051.00
cost estimator
13-1070
human resources worker
13-1071.00
human resources specialist
13-1074.00
farm labor contractor
13-1075.00
labor relations specialist
13-1080
logistician or project management specialist
13-1081.00
logistician
13-1081.01
logistics engineer
13-1081.02
logistics analyst
13-1082.00
project management specialist
13-1110
management analyst (broad)
13-1111.00
management analyst
13-1120
meeting, convention, or event planner (broad)
13-1121.00
meeting, convention, or event planner
13-1130
fundraiser (broad)
13-1131.00
fundraiser
13-1140
compensation, benefits, or job analysis specialist
13-1141.00
compensation, benefit, or job analysis specialist
13-1150
training or development specialist (broad)
13-1151.00
training or development specialist
13-1160
market research analyst or marketing specialist (broad)
13-1161.00
market research analyst or marketing specialist
13-1161.01
search marketing strategist
13-1190
miscellaneous business operations specialist
13-1199.00
business operations specialist, all other
13-1199.04
business continuity planner
13-1199.05
sustainability specialist
13-1199.06
online merchant
13-1199.07
security management specialist
13-2000
financial specialist
13-2010
accountant or auditor (broad)
13-2011.00
accountant or auditor
13-2020
property appraiser or assessor
13-2022.00
appraiser of personal or business property
13-2023.00
appraiser or assessos of real estate
13-2030
budget analyst (broad)
13-2031.00
budget analyst
13-2040
credit analyst (broad)
13-2041.00
credit analyst
13-2050
financial analyst or advisor
13-2051.00
financial or investment analyst
13-2052.00
personal financial advisor
13-2053.00
insurance underwriter
13-2054.00
financial risk specialist
13-2060
financial examiner (broad)
13-2061.00
financial examiner
13-2070
credit counselor or loan officer
13-2071.00
credit counselor
13-2072.00
loan officer
13-2080
tax examiner, collector or preparer, or revenue agent
13-2081.00
tax examiner or collector, or revenue agent
13-2082.00
tax preparer
13-2090
miscellaneous financial specialist
13-2099.00
financial specialist, all other
13-2099.01
financial quantitative analyst
13-2099.04
fraud examiner, investigator or analyst
15-0000
computer or mathematical occupation holder
15-1200
computer occupation
15-1210
computer or information analyst
15-1211.00
computer systems analyst
15-1211.01
health informatics specialist
15-1212.00
information security analyst
15-1220
computer or information research scientist (broad)
15-1221.00
computer or information research scientist
15-1230
computer support specialist
15-1231.00
computer network support specialist
15-1232.00
computer user support specialist
15-1240
database or network administrator or architect
15-1241.00
computer network architect
15-1241.01
telecommunications engineering specialist
15-1242.00
database administrator
15-1243.00
database architect
15-1243.01
data warehousing specialist
15-1244.00
network or computer systems administrator
15-1250
software or web developer, programmer, or tester
15-1251.00
computer programmer
15-1252.00
software developer
15-1253.00
software quality assurance analyst or tester
15-1254.00
web developer
15-1255.00
web or digital interface designer
15-1255.01
video game designer
15-1290
miscellaneous computer occupation
15-1299.00
computer occupation, all other
15-1299.01
web administrator
15-1299.02
geographic information systems technologist or technician
15-1299.03
document management specialist
15-1299.04
penetration tester
15-1299.05
information security engineer
15-1299.06
digital forensics analyst
15-1299.07
blockchain engineer
15-1299.08
computer systems engineer/architect
15-1299.09
information technology project manager
15-2000
mathematical science occupation
15-2010
actuary (broad)
15-2011.00
actuary
15-2020
mathematician (broad)
15-2021.00
mathematician
15-2030
operations research analyst (broad)
15-2031.00
operations research analyst
15-2040
statistician (broad)
15-2041.00
statistician
15-2041.01
biostatistician
15-2050
data scientist (broad)
15-2051.00
data scientist
15-2051.01
business intelligence analyst
15-2051.02
clinical data manager
15-2090
miscellaneous mathematical science occupation
15-2099.00
mathematical science occupation, all other
15-2099.01
bioinformatics technician
17-0000
architecture or engineering occupation holder
17-1000
architect, surveyor, or cartographer
17-1010
architect, except naval
17-1011.00
architect, except landscape or naval
17-1012.00
landscape architect
17-1020
surveyor, cartographer, or photogrammetrist
17-1021.00
cartographer or photogrammetrist
17-1022.00
surveyor
17-1022.01
geodetic surveyor
17-2000
engineer
17-2010
aerospace engineer (broad)
17-2011.00
aerospace engineer
17-2020
agricultural engineer (broad)
17-2021.00
agricultural engineer
17-2030
bioengineer or biomedical engineer (broad)
17-2031.00
bioengineer or biomedical engineer
17-2040
chemical engineer (broad)
17-2041.00
chemical engineer
17-2050
civil engineer (broad)
17-2051.00
civil engineer
17-2051.01
transportation engineer
17-2051.02
water/wastewater engineer
17-2060
computer hardware engineer (broad)
17-2061.00
computer hardware engineer
17-2070
electrical or electronics engineer
17-2071.00
electrical engineer
17-2072.00
electronics engineer, except computer
17-2072.01
radio frequency identification device specialist
17-2080
environmental engineer (broad)
17-2081.00
environmental engineer
17-2110
industrial engineer, including health or safety
17-2111.00
health or safety engineer, except mining safety engineer or inspector
17-2111.02
fire-prevention or protection engineer
17-2112.00
industrial engineer
17-2112.01
human factors engineer or ergonomist
17-2112.02
validation engineer
17-2112.03
manufacturing engineer
17-2120
marine engineer or naval architect (broad)
17-2121.00
marine engineer or naval architect
17-2130
materials engineer (broad)
17-2131.00
materials engineer
17-2140
mechanical engineer (broad)
17-2141.00
mechanical engineer
17-2141.01
fuel cell engineer
17-2141.02
automotive engineer
17-2150
mining or geological engineer, including mining safety engineer (broad)
17-2151.00
mining or geological engineer, including mining safety engineer
17-2160
nuclear engineer (broad)
17-2161.00
nuclear engineer
17-2170
petroleum engineer (broad)
17-2171.00
petroleum engineer
17-2190
miscellaneous engineer
17-2199.00
engineer, all other
17-2199.03
energy engineer, except wind or solar
17-2199.05
mechatronics engineer
17-2199.06
microsystems engineer
17-2199.07
photonics engineer
17-2199.08
robotics engineer
17-2199.09
nanosystems engineer
17-2199.10
wind energy engineer
17-2199.11
solar energy systems engineer
17-3000
drafter, engineering technician, or mapping technician
17-3010
drafter
17-3011.00
architectural or civil drafter
17-3012.00
electrical or electronics drafter
17-3013.00
mechanical drafter
17-3019.00
drafter, all other
17-3020
engineering technologist or technician, except drafter
17-3021.00
aerospace engineering or operations technologist or technician
17-3022.00
civil engineering technologist or technician
17-3023.00
electrical or electronic engineering technologist or technician
17-3024.00
electro-mechanical or mechatronics technologist or technician
17-3024.01
robotics technician
17-3025.00
environmental engineering technologist or technician
17-3026.00
industrial engineering technologist or technician
17-3026.01
nanotechnology engineering technologist or technician
17-3027.00
mechanical engineering technologist or technician
17-3027.01
automotive engineering technician
17-3028.00
calibration technologist or technician
17-3029.00
engineering technologist or technician, except drafter, all other
17-3029.01
non-destructive testing specialist
17-3029.08
photonics technician
17-3030
surveying or mapping technician (broad)
17-3031.00
surveying or mapping technician
19-0000
life, physical, or social science occupation
19-1000
life scientist
19-1010
agricultural or food scientist
19-1011.00
animal scientist
19-1012.00
food scientist or technologist
19-1013.00
soil or plant scientist
19-1020
biological scientist
19-1021.00
biochemist or biophysicist
19-1022.00
microbiologist
19-1023.00
zoologist or wildlife biologist
19-1029.00
biological scientist, all other
19-1029.01
bioinformatics scientist
19-1029.02
molecular or cellular biologist
19-1029.03
geneticist
19-1029.04
biologist
19-1030
conservation scientist or forester
19-1031.00
conservation scientist
19-1031.02
range manager
19-1031.03
park naturalist
19-1032.00
forester
19-1040
medical scientist
19-1041.00
epidemiologist
19-1042.00
medical scientist, except epidemiologist
19-1090
miscellaneous life scientist
19-1099.00
life scientist, all other
19-2000
physical scientist
19-2010
astronomer or physicist
19-2011.00
astronomer
19-2012.00
physicist
19-2020
atmospheric or space scientist (broad)
19-2021.00
atmospheric or space scientist
19-2030
chemist or materials scientist
19-2031.00
chemist
19-2032.00
materials scientist
19-2040
environmental scientist or geoscientist
19-2041.00
environmental scientist or specialist, including health
19-2041.01
climate change policy analyst
19-2041.02
environmental restoration planner
19-2041.03
industrial ecologist
19-2042.00
geoscientist, except hydrologist or geographer
19-2043.00
hydrologist
19-2090
miscellaneous physical scientist
19-2099.00
physical scientist, all other
19-2099.01
remote sensing scientists or technologist
19-3000
social scientist or related worker
19-3010
economist (broad)
19-3011.00
economist
19-3011.01
environmental economist
19-3020
survey researcher (broad)
19-3022.00
survey researcher
19-3030
psychologist
19-3032.00
industrial-organizational psychologist
19-3033.00
clinical or counseling psychologist
19-3034.00
school psychologist
19-3039.00
psychologist, all other
19-3039.02
neuropsychologist
19-3039.03
clinical neuropsychologist
19-3040
sociologist (broad)
19-3041.00
sociologist
19-3050
urban or regional planner (broad)
19-3051.00
urban or regional planner
19-3090
miscellaneous social scientist or related worker
19-3091.00
anthropologist or archeologist
19-3092.00
geographer
19-3093.00
historian
19-3094.00
political scientist
19-3099.00
social scientist or related worker, all other
19-3099.01
transportation planner
19-4000
life, physical, or social science technician
19-4010
agricultural or food science technician
19-4012.00
agricultural technician
19-4012.01
precision agriculture technician
19-4013.00
food science technician
19-4020
biological technician (broad)
19-4021.00
biological technician
19-4030
chemical technician (broad)
19-4031.00
chemical technician
19-4040
environmental science or geoscience technician
19-4042.00
environmental science or protection technician, including health
19-4043.00
geological technician, except hydrologic technician
19-4044.00
hydrologic technician
19-4050
nuclear technician (broad)
19-4051.00
nuclear technician
19-4051.02
nuclear monitoring technician
19-4060
social science research assistant (broad)
19-4061.00
social science research assistant
19-4070
forest or conservation technician (broad)
19-4071.00
forest or conservation technician
19-4090
miscellaneous life, physical, or social science technician
19-4092.00
forensic science technician
19-4099.00
life, physical, or social science technician, all other
19-4099.01
quality control analyst
19-4099.03
remote sensing technician
19-5000
occupational health or safety specialist or technician (minor)
19-5010
occupational health or safety specialist or technician
19-5011.00
occupational health or safety specialist
19-5012.00
occupational health or safety technician
21-0000
community or social service occupation holder
21-1000
counselor, social worker, or other community or social service specialist
21-1010
counselor
21-1011.00
substance abuse or behavioral disorder counselor
21-1012.00
educational, guidance, or career counselor or advisor
21-1013.00
marriage or family therapist
21-1014.00
mental health counselor
21-1015.00
rehabilitation counselor
21-1019.00
counselor, all other
21-1020
social worker
21-1021.00
child, family, or school social worker
21-1022.00
healthcare social worker
21-1023.00
mental health or substance abuse social worker
21-1029.00
social worker, all other
21-1090
miscellaneous community or social service specialist
21-1091.00
health education specialist
21-1092.00
probation officers or correctional treatment specialist
21-1093.00
social or human service assistant
21-1094.00
community health worker
21-1099.00
community or social service specialist, all other
21-2000
religious worker
21-2010
clergy (broad)
21-2011.00
clergy
21-2020
director, religious activities or education (broad)
21-2021.00
director, religious activities or education
21-2090
miscellaneous religious worker
21-2099.00
religious worker, all other
23-0000
legal occupation
23-1000
lawyer, judge, or related worker
23-1010
lawyer or judicial law clerk
23-1011.00
lawyer
23-1012.00
judicial law clerk
23-1020
judge, magistrate, or other judicial worker
23-1021.00
administrative law judge, adjudicator, or hearing officer
23-1022.00
arbitrator, mediator, or conciliator
23-1023.00
judge, magistrate judge, or magistrate
23-2000
legal support worker
23-2010
paralegal or legal assistant (broad)
23-2011.00
paralegal or legal assistant
23-2090
miscellaneous legal support worker
23-2093.00
title examiner, abstractor, or searcher
23-2099.00
legal support worker, all other
25-0000
educational instruction or library occupation holder
25-1000
postsecondary teacher
25-1010
business teacher, postsecondary (broad)
25-1011.00
business teacher, postsecondary
25-1020
math or computer science teacher, postsecondary
25-1021.00
computer science teacher, postsecondary
25-1022.00
mathematical science teacher, postsecondary
25-1030
engineering or architecture teacher, postsecondary
25-1031.00
architecture teacher, postsecondary
25-1032.00
engineering teacher, postsecondary
25-1040
life sciences teacher, postsecondary
25-1041.00
agricultural sciences teacher, postsecondary
25-1042.00
biological science teacher, postsecondary
25-1043.00
forestry or conservation science teacher, postsecondary
25-1050
physical sciences teacher, postsecondary
25-1051.00
atmospheric, earth, marine, or space sciences teacher, postsecondary
25-1052.00
chemistry teacher, postsecondary
25-1053.00
environmental science teacher, postsecondary
25-1054.00
physics teacher, postsecondary
25-1060
social sciences teacher, postsecondary
25-1061.00
anthropology or archeology teacher, postsecondary
25-1062.00
area, ethnic, or cultural studies teacher, postsecondary
25-1063.00
economics teacher, postsecondary
25-1064.00
geography teacher, postsecondary
25-1065.00
political science teacher, postsecondary
25-1066.00
psychology teacher, postsecondary
25-1067.00
sociology teacher, postsecondary
25-1069.00
social sciences teacher, postsecondary, all other
25-1070
health teacher, postsecondary
25-1071.00
health specialties teacher, postsecondary
25-1072.00
nursing instructor or teacher, postsecondary
25-1080
education or library science teacher, postsecondary
25-1081.00
education teacher, postsecondary
25-1082.00
library science teacher, postsecondary
25-1110
law, criminal justice, or social work teacher, postsecondary
25-1111.00
criminal justice or law enforcement teacher, postsecondary
25-1112.00
law teacher, postsecondary
25-1113.00
social work teacher, postsecondary
25-1120
arts, communications, history, or humanities teacher, postsecondary
25-1121.00
art, drama, or music teacher, postsecondary
25-1122.00
communications teacher, postsecondary
25-1123.00
english language or literature teacher, postsecondary
25-1124.00
foreign language or literature teacher, postsecondary
25-1125.00
history teacher, postsecondary
25-1126.00
philosophy or religion teacher, postsecondary
25-1190
miscellaneous postsecondary teacher
25-1192.00
family or consumer sciences teacher, postsecondary
25-1193.00
recreation or fitness studies teacher, postsecondary
25-1194.00
career/technical education teacher, postsecondary
25-1199.00
postsecondary teacher, all other
25-2000
preschool, elementary, middle, secondary, or special education teacher
25-2010
preschool or Kindergarten teacher
25-2011.00
preschool teacher, except special education
25-2012.00
kindergarten teacher, except special education
25-2020
elementary or middle school teacher
25-2021.00
elementary school teacher, except special education
25-2022.00
middle school teacher, except special or career/technical education
25-2023.00
career/technical education teacher, middle school
25-2030
secondary school teacher
25-2031.00
secondary school teacher, except special or career/technical education
25-2032.00
career/technical education teacher, secondary school
25-2050
special education teacher
25-2051.00
special education teacher, preschool
25-2055.00
special education teacher, kindergarten
25-2056.00
special education teacher, elementary school
25-2057.00
special education teacher, middle school
25-2058.00
special education teacher, secondary school
25-2059.00
special education teacher, all other
25-2059.01
adapted physical education specialist
25-3000
other teacher or instructor
25-3010
adult basic education, adult secondary education, or english as a second language instructor (broad)
25-3011.00
adult basic education, adult secondary education, or english as a second language instructor
25-3020
self-enrichment teacher (broad)
25-3021.00
self-enrichment teacher
25-3030
substitute teacher, short-term (broad)
25-3031.00
substitute teacher, short-term
25-3040
tutor (broad)
25-3041.00
tutor
25-3090
miscellaneous teacher or instructor
25-3099.00
teacher or instructor, all other
25-4000
librarian, curator, or archivist
25-4010
archivist, curator, or museum technician
25-4011.00
archivist
25-4012.00
curator
25-4013.00
museum technician or conservator
25-4020
librarian or media collections specialist
25-4022.00
librarians or media collections specialist
25-4030
library technician (broad)
25-4031.00
library technician
25-9000
other educational instruction or library occupation
25-9020
farm or home management educator (broad)
25-9021.00
farm or home management educator
25-9030
instructional coordinator (broad)
25-9031.00
instructional coordinator
25-9040
teaching assistant
25-9042.00
teaching assistant, preschool, elementary, middle, or secondary school, except special education
25-9043.00
teaching assistant, special education
25-9044.00
teaching assistant, postsecondary
25-9049.00
teaching assistant, all other
25-9090
miscellaneous educational instruction or library worker
25-9099.00
educational instruction or library worker, all other
27-0000
arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupation holder
27-1000
art or design worker
27-1010
artist or related worker
27-1011.00
art director
27-1012.00
craft artist
27-1013.00
fine artist, including painter, sculptor, or illustrator
27-1014.00
special effects artist or animator
27-1019.00
artist or related worker, all other
27-1020
designer
27-1021.00
commercial or industrial designer
27-1022.00
fashion designer
27-1023.00
floral designer
27-1024.00
graphic designer
27-1025.00
interior designer
27-1026.00
merchandise displayer or window trimmer
27-1027.00
set or exhibit designer
27-1029.00
designer, all other
27-2000
entertainer or performer, sports or related worker
27-2010
actor, producer, or director
27-2011.00
actor
27-2012.00
producer or director
27-2012.03
media programming director
27-2012.04
talent director
27-2012.05
media technical directors/manager
27-2020
athlete, coache, umpire, or related worker
27-2021.00
athlete or sports competitor
27-2022.00
coach or scout
27-2023.00
umpire, referee, or other sports official
27-2030
dancer or choreographer
27-2031.00
dancer
27-2032.00
choreographer
27-2040
musician, singer, or related worker
27-2041.00
music director or composer
27-2042.00
musician or singer
27-2090
miscellaneous entertainer or performer, sports or related worker
27-2091.00
disc jockey, except radio
27-2099.00
entertainer or performer, sports or related worker, all other
27-3000
media or communication worker
27-3010
broadcast announcer or radio disc jockey (broad)
27-3011.00
broadcast announcer or radio disc jockey
27-3020
news analyst, reporter or journalist
27-3023.00
news analyst, reporter, or journalist
27-3030
public relations specialist (broad)
27-3031.00
public relations specialist
27-3040
writer or editor
27-3041.00
editor
27-3042.00
technical writer
27-3043.00
writer or author
27-3043.05
poet, lyricist or creative writer
27-3090
miscellaneous media or communication worker
27-3091.00
interpreter or translator
27-3092.00
court reporter or simultaneous captioner
27-3099.00
media or communication worker, all other
27-4000
media or communication equipment worker
27-4010
broadcast, sound, or lighting technician
27-4011.00
audio or video technician
27-4012.00
broadcast technician
27-4014.00
sound engineering technician
27-4015.00
lighting technician
27-4020
photographer (broad)
27-4021.00
photographer
27-4030
television, video, or film camera operator or editor
27-4031.00
camera operator, television, video, or film
27-4032.00
film or video editor
27-4090
miscellaneous media or communication equipment worker
27-4099.00
media or communication equipment worker, all other
29-0000
healthcare practitioner or technical occupation holder
29-1000
healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioner
29-1010
chiropractor (broad)
29-1011.00
chiropractor
29-1020
dentist
29-1021.00
dentist, general
29-1022.00
oral or maxillofacial surgeon
29-1023.00
orthodontist
29-1024.00
prosthodontist
29-1029.00
dentist, all other specialist
29-1030
dietitian or nutritionist (broad)
29-1031.00
dietitian or nutritionist
29-1040
optometrist (broad)
29-1041.00
optometrist
29-1050
pharmacist (broad)
29-1051.00
pharmacist
29-1070
physician assistant (broad)
29-1071.00
physician assistant
29-1071.01
anesthesiologist assistant
29-1080
podiatrist (broad)
29-1081.00
podiatrist
29-1120
therapist
29-1122.00
occupational therapist
29-1122.01
low vision therapist, orientation or mobility specialist, or vision rehabilitation therapist
29-1123.00
physical therapist
29-1124.00
radiation therapist
29-1125.00
recreational therapist
29-1126.00
respiratory therapist
29-1127.00
speech-language pathologist
29-1128.00
exercise physiologist
29-1129.00
therapist, all other
29-1129.01
art therapist
29-1129.02
music therapist
29-1130
veterinarian (broad)
29-1131.00
veterinarian
29-1140
registered nurse
29-1141.00
general-purpose registered nurse
29-1141.01
acute care nurse
29-1141.02
advanced practice psychiatric nurse
29-1141.03
critical care nurse
29-1141.04
clinical nurse specialist
29-1150
nurse anesthetist (broad)
29-1151.00
nurse anesthetist
29-1160
nurse midwife
29-1161.00
nurse midwive
29-1170
nurse practitioner (broad)
29-1171.00
nurse practitioner
29-1180
audiologist (broad)
29-1181.00
audiologist
29-1210
physician
29-1211.00
anesthesiologist
29-1212.00
cardiologist
29-1213.00
dermatologist
29-1214.00
emergency medicine physician
29-1215.00
family medicine physician
29-1216.00
general internal medicine physician
29-1217.00
neurologist
29-1218.00
obstetrician or gynecologist
29-1221.00
pediatrician, general
29-1222.00
physician, pathologist
29-1223.00
psychiatrist
29-1224.00
radiologist
29-1229.00
physician, all other
29-1229.01
allergist or immunologist
29-1229.02
hospitalist
29-1229.03
urologist
29-1229.04
physical medicine or rehabilitation physician
29-1229.05
preventive medicine physician
29-1229.06
sports medicine physician
29-1240
surgeon
29-1241.00
ophthalmologist, except pediatric
29-1242.00
orthopedic surgeon, except pediatric
29-1243.00
pediatric surgeon
29-1249.00
surgeon, all other
29-1290
miscellaneous healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioner
29-1291.00
acupuncturist
29-1292.00
dental hygienist
29-1299.00
healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioner, all other
29-1299.01
naturopathic physician
29-1299.02
orthoptist
29-2000
health technologist or technician
29-2010
clinical laboratory technologist or technician
29-2011.00
medical or clinical laboratory technologist
29-2011.01
cytogenetic technologist
29-2011.02
cytotechnologist
29-2011.04
histotechnologist
29-2012.00
medical or clinical laboratory technician
29-2012.01
histology technician
29-2030
diagnostic related technologist or technician
29-2031.00
cardiovascular technologist or technician
29-2032.00
diagnostic medical sonographer
29-2033.00
nuclear medicine technologist
29-2034.00
radiologic technologist or technician
29-2035.00
magnetic resonance imaging technologist
29-2036.00
medical dosimetrist
29-2040
emergency medical technician or paramedics
29-2042.00
emergency medical technician
29-2043.00
paramedic
29-2050
health practitioner support technologist or technician
29-2051.00
dietetic technician
29-2052.00
pharmacy technician
29-2053.00
psychiatric technician
29-2055.00
surgical technologist
29-2056.00
veterinary technologist or technician
29-2057.00
ophthalmic medical technician
29-2060
licensed practical or licensed vocational nurses
29-2061.00
licensed practical or licensed vocational nurse
29-2070
medical records specialist (broad)
29-2072.00
medical records specialist
29-2080
optician, dispensing (broad)
29-2081.00
optician, dispensing
29-2090
miscellaneous health technologist or technician
29-2091.00
orthotist or prosthetist
29-2092.00
hearing aid specialist
29-2099.00
health technologist or technician, all other
29-2099.01
neurodiagnostic technologist
29-2099.05
ophthalmic medical technologist
29-2099.08
patient representative
29-9000
other healthcare practitioner or technical occupation
29-9020
health information technologist or medical registrar (broad)
29-9021.00
health information technologist or medical registrar
29-9090
miscellaneous health practitioner or technical worker
29-9091.00
athletic trainer
29-9092.00
genetic counselor
29-9093.00
surgical assistant
29-9099.00
healthcare practitioner or technical worker, all other
29-9099.01
midwive
31-0000
healthcare support occupation
31-1100
home health or personal care aide; or nursing assistant, orderly, or psychiatric aide
31-1120
home health or personal care aide
31-1121.00
home health aide
31-1122.00
personal care aide
31-1130
nursing assistant, orderly, or psychiatric aide
31-1131.00
nursing assistant
31-1132.00
orderly
31-1133.00
psychiatric aide
31-2000
occupational therapy or physical therapist assistant or aide
31-2010
occupational therapy assistant or aide
31-2011.00
occupational therapy assistant
31-2012.00
occupational therapy aide
31-2020
physical therapist assistant or aide
31-2021.00
physical therapist assistant
31-2022.00
physical therapist aide
31-9000
other healthcare support occupation
31-9010
massage therapist (broad)
31-9011.00
massage therapist
31-9090
miscellaneous healthcare support occupation
31-9091.00
dental assistant
31-9092.00
medical assistant
31-9093.00
medical equipment preparer
31-9094.00
medical transcriptionist
31-9095.00
pharmacy aide
31-9096.00
veterinary assistant or laboratory animal caretaker
31-9097.00
phlebotomist
31-9099.00
healthcare support worker, all other
31-9099.01
speech-language pathology assistant
31-9099.02
endoscopy technician
33-0000
protective service occupation
33-1000
supervisor of protective service worker
33-1010
first-line supervisor of law enforcement worker
33-1011.00
first-line supervisor of correctional officer
33-1012.00
first-line supervisor of police or detective
33-1020
first-line supervisor of firefighting or prevention worker (broad)
33-1021.00
first-line supervisor of firefighting or prevention worker
33-1090
miscellaneous first-line supervisor, protective service worker
33-1091.00
first-line supervisor of security worker
33-1099.00
first-line supervisor of protective service worker, all other
33-2000
firefighting or prevention worker
33-2010
firefighter (broad)
33-2011.00
firefighter
33-2020
fire inspector
33-2021.00
fire inspector or investigator
33-2022.00
forest fire inspector or prevention specialist
33-3000
law enforcement worker
33-3010
bailiff, correctional officer, or jailer
33-3011.00
bailiff
33-3012.00
correctional officer or jailer
33-3020
detective or criminal investigator (broad)
33-3021.00
detective or criminal investigator
33-3021.02
police identification or records officer
33-3021.06
intelligence analyst
33-3030
fish or game warden (broad)
33-3031.00
fish or game warden
33-3040
parking enforcement worker (broad)
33-3041.00
parking enforcement worker
33-3050
police officer
33-3051.00
police or sheriff's patrol officer
33-3051.04
customs or border protection officer
33-3052.00
transit or railroad police
33-9000
other protective service worker
33-9010
animal control worker (broad)
33-9011.00
animal control worker
33-9020
private detective or investigator (broad)
33-9021.00
private detective or investigator
33-9030
security guard or gambling surveillance officer
33-9031.00
gambling surveillance officer or gambling investigator
33-9032.00
security guard
33-9090
miscellaneous protective service worker
33-9091.00
crossing guard or flagger
33-9092.00
lifeguard, ski patrol, or other recreational protective service worker
33-9093.00
transportation security screener
33-9094.00
school bus monitor
33-9099.00
protective service worker, all other
33-9099.02
retail loss prevention specialist
35-0000
food preparation or serving related occupation holder
35-1000
supervisor of food preparation or serving worker (minor)
35-1010
supervisor of food preparation or serving worker
35-1011.00
chef or head cook
35-1012.00
first-line supervisor of food preparation or serving worker
35-2000
cook or food preparation worker
35-2010
cook
35-2011.00
cook, fast food
35-2012.00
cook, institution or cafeteria
35-2013.00
cook, private household
35-2014.00
cook, restaurant
35-2015.00
cook, short order
35-2019.00
cook, all other
35-2020
food preparation worker (broad)
35-2021.00
food preparation worker
35-3000
food or beverage serving worker
35-3010
bartender (broad)
35-3011.00
bartender
35-3020
fast food or counter worker (broad)
35-3023.00
fast food or counter worker
35-3023.01
barista
35-3030
waiter or waitress (broad)
35-3031.00
waiter or waitress
35-3040
food server, nonrestaurant (broad)
35-3041.00
food server, nonrestaurant
35-9000
other food preparation or serving related worker
35-9010
dining room or cafeteria attendant or bartender helper (broad)
35-9011.00
dining room or cafeteria attendant or bartender helper
35-9020
dishwasher (broad)
35-9021.00
dishwasher
35-9030
host or hostess, restaurant, lounge, or coffee shop (broad)
35-9031.00
host or hostess, restaurant, lounge, or coffee shop
35-9090
miscellaneous food preparation or serving related worker
35-9099.00
food preparation or serving related worker, all other
37-0000
building and grounds cleaning or maintenance occupation holder
37-1000
supervisor of building or grounds cleaning or maintenance worker
37-1010
first-line supervisor of building or grounds cleaning or maintenance worker
37-1011.00
first-line supervisor of housekeeping or janitorial worker
37-1012.00
first-line supervisor of landscaping, lawn service, or groundskeeping worker
37-2000
building cleaning or pest control worker
37-2010
building cleaning worker
37-2011.00
janitor or cleaner, except maids or housekeeping cleaner
37-2012.00
maid or housekeeping cleaner
37-2019.00
building cleaning worker, all other
37-2020
pest control worker (broad)
37-2021.00
pest control worker
37-3000
grounds maintenance worker (minor)
37-3010
grounds maintenance worker
37-3011.00
landscaping or groundskeeping worker
37-3012.00
pesticide handler, sprayer, or applicator, vegetation
37-3013.00
tree trimmer or pruner
37-3019.00
grounds maintenance worker, all other
39-0000
personal care or service occupation
39-1000
supervisor of personal care or service worker
39-1010
first-line supervisor of entertainment or recreation worker
39-1013.00
first-line supervisor of gambling services worker
39-1014.00
first-line supervisor of entertainment or recreation worker, except gambling service
39-1020
first-line supervisor of personal service worker (broad)
39-1022.00
first-line supervisor of personal service worker
39-2000
animal care or service worker
39-2010
animal trainer (broad)
39-2011.00
animal trainer
39-2020
animal caretaker (broad)
39-2021.00
animal caretaker
39-3000
entertainment attendant or related worker
39-3010
gambling services worker
39-3011.00
gambling dealer
39-3012.00
gambling or sports book writer or runner
39-3019.00
gambling service worker, all other
39-3020
motion picture projectionist (broad)
39-3021.00
motion picture projectionist
39-3030
usher, lobby attendant, or ticket taker (broad)
39-3031.00
usher, lobby attendant, or ticket taker
39-3090
miscellaneous entertainment attendant or related worker
39-3091.00
amusement or recreation attendant
39-3092.00
costume attendant
39-3093.00
locker room, coatroom, or dressing room attendant
39-3099.00
entertainment attendant or related worker, all other
39-4000
funeral service worker
39-4010
embalmer or crematory operator
39-4011.00
embalmer
39-4012.00
crematory operator
39-4020
funeral attendant (broad)
39-4021.00
funeral attendant
39-4030
mortician, undertaker, or funeral arranger (broad)
39-4031.00
mortician, undertaker, or funeral arranger
39-5000
personal appearance worker
39-5010
barber, hairdresser, hairstylist or cosmetologist
39-5011.00
barber
39-5012.00
hairdresser, hairstylist, or cosmetologist
39-5090
miscellaneous personal appearance worker
39-5091.00
makeup artist, theatrical or performance
39-5092.00
manicurist or pedicurist
39-5093.00
shampooer
39-5094.00
skincare specialist
39-6000
baggage porter, bellhop, or concierge (minor)
39-6010
baggage porter, bellhop, or concierge
39-6011.00
baggage porter or bellhop
39-6012.00
concierge
39-7000
tour or travel guide (minor)
39-7010
tour or travel guides
39-7011.00
tour guide or escort
39-7012.00
travel guide
39-9000
other personal care or service worker
39-9010
childcare worker (broad)
39-9011.00
childcare worker
39-9011.01
nanny
39-9030
recreation or fitness worker
39-9031.00
exercise trainer or group fitness instructor
39-9032.00
recreation worker
39-9040
residential advisor (broad)
39-9041.00
residential advisor
39-9090
miscellaneous personal care or service worker
39-9099.00
personal care or service worker, all other
41-0000
sales or related occupation
41-1000
supervisor of sales worker
41-1010
first-line supervisor of sales worker
41-1011.00
first-line supervisor of retail sales worker
41-1012.00
first-line supervisor of non-retail sales worker
41-2000
retail sales worker
41-2010
cashier (broad)
41-2011.00
cashier
41-2012.00
gambling change person or booth cashier
41-2020
counter or rental clerk or parts salesperson
41-2021.00
counter or rental clerk
41-2022.00
parts salesperson
41-2030
retail salesperson (broad)
41-2031.00
retail salesperson
41-3000
sales representative of services
41-3010
advertising sales agent (broad)
41-3011.00
advertising sales agent
41-3020
insurance sales agent (broad)
41-3021.00
insurance sales agent
41-3030
securities, commodities, or financial services sales agent (broad)
41-3031.00
securities, commodities, or financial services sales agent
41-3040
travel agent (broad)
41-3041.00
travel agent
41-3090
miscellaneous sales representative, services
41-3091.00
sales representative of services, except advertising, insurance, financial services, or travel
41-4000
sales representative in wholesale or manufacturing (minor)
41-4010
sales representative, wholesale or manufacturing
41-4011.00
sales representative, wholesale or manufacturing, technical or scientific product
41-4011.07
solar sales representative or assessor
41-4012.00
sales representative, wholesale or manufacturing, except technical or scientific product
41-9000
other sales or related worker
41-9010
model, demonstrator, or product promoter
41-9011.00
demonstrator or product promoter
41-9012.00
model
41-9020
real estate broker or sales agent
41-9021.00
real estate broker
41-9022.00
real estate sales agent
41-9030
sales engineer (broad)
41-9031.00
sales engineer
41-9040
telemarketer (broad)
41-9041.00
telemarketer
41-9090
miscellaneous sales or related worker
41-9091.00
door-to-door sales worker, news or street vendors,
41-9099.00
sales or related worker, all other
43-0000
office or administrative support occupation
43-1000
supervisor of office or administrative support worker
43-1010
first-line supervisor of office or administrative support worker (broad)
43-1011.00
first-line supervisor of office or administrative support worker
43-2000
communications equipment operator
43-2010
switchboard operator, including answering service (broad)
43-2011.00
switchboard operator, including answering service
43-2020
telephone operator (broad)
43-2021.00
telephone operator
43-2090
miscellaneous communications equipment operator
43-2099.00
communications equipment operator, all other
43-3000
financial clerk
43-3010
bill or account collector (broad)
43-3011.00
bill or account collector
43-3020
billing or posting clerk (broad)
43-3021.00
billing or posting clerk
43-3030
bookkeeping, accounting, or auditing clerk (broad)
43-3031.00
bookkeeping, accounting, or auditing clerk
43-3040
gambling cage worker (broad)
43-3041.00
gambling cage worker
43-3050
payroll or timekeeping clerk (broad)
43-3051.00
payroll or timekeeping clerk
43-3060
procurement clerk (broad)
43-3061.00
procurement clerk
43-3070
teller (broad)
43-3071.00
teller
43-3090
miscellaneous financial clerk
43-3099.00
financial clerk, all other
43-4000
information or record clerk
43-4010
brokerage clerk (broad)
43-4011.00
brokerage clerk
43-4020
correspondence clerk (broad)
43-4021.00
correspondence clerk
43-4030
court, municipal, or license clerk (broad)
43-4031.00
court, municipal, or license clerk
43-4040
credit authorizer, checker, or clerk (broad)
43-4041.00
credit authorizer, checker, or clerk
43-4050
customer service representative (broad)
43-4051.00
customer service representative
43-4060
eligibility interviewer, government programs
43-4061.00
eligibility interviewer, government program
43-4070
file clerk (broad)
43-4071.00
file clerk
43-4080
hotel, motel, or resort desk clerk (broad)
43-4081.00
hotel, motel, or resort desk clerk
43-4110
interviewer, except eligibility or loan (broad)
43-4111.00
interviewer, except eligibility or loan
43-4120
library assistant, clerical (broad)
43-4121.00
library assistant, clerical
43-4130
loan interviewer or clerk (broad)
43-4131.00
loan interviewer or clerk
43-4140
new accounts clerk (broad)
43-4141.00
new accounts clerk
43-4150
order clerk (broad)
43-4151.00
order clerk
43-4160
human resources assistant, except payroll or timekeeping (broad)
43-4161.00
human resources assistant, except payroll or timekeeping
43-4170
receptionist or information clerk (broad)
43-4171.00
receptionist or information clerk
43-4180
reservation or transportation ticket agent or travel clerk (broad)
43-4181.00
reservation or transportation ticket agent or travel clerk
43-4190
miscellaneous information or record clerk
43-4199.00
information or record clerk, all other
43-5000
material recording, scheduling, dispatching, or distributing worker
43-5010
cargo or freight agent (broad)
43-5011.00
cargo or freight agent
43-5011.01
freight forwarder
43-5020
courier or messenger (broad)
43-5021.00
courier or messenger
43-5030
dispatcher
43-5031.00
public safety telecommunicator
43-5032.00
dispatcher, except police, fire, or ambulance
43-5040
meter reader, utilities (broad)
43-5041.00
meter reader, utilities
43-5050
postal service worker
43-5051.00
postal service clerk
43-5052.00
postal service mail carrier
43-5053.00
postal service mail sorter, processor, or processing machine operator
43-5060
production, planning, or expediting clerk (broad)
43-5061.00
production, planning, or expediting clerk
43-5070
shipping, receiving, or inventory clerk (broad)
43-5071.00
shipping, receiving, or inventory clerk
43-5110
weigher, measurer, checker, or sampler, recordkeeping (broad)
43-5111.00
weigher, measurer, checker, or sampler, recordkeeping
43-6000
secretary or administrative assistant (minor)
43-6010
secretary or administrative assistant
43-6011.00
executive secretary or executive administrative assistant
43-6012.00
legal secretary or administrative assistant
43-6013.00
medical secretary or administrative assistant
43-6014.00
secretary or administrative assistant, except legal, medical, or executive
43-9000
other office or administrative support worker
43-9020
data entry or information processing worker
43-9021.00
data entry keyer
43-9022.00
word processor or typist
43-9030
desktop publisher (broad)
43-9031.00
desktop publisher
43-9040
insurance claims or policy processing clerk (broad)
43-9041.00
insurance claims or policy processing clerk
43-9050
mail clerk or mail machine operator, except postal service (broad)
43-9051.00
mail clerk or mail machine operator, except postal service
43-9060
office clerk, general (broad)
43-9061.00
office clerk, general
43-9070
office machine operator, except computer (broad)
43-9071.00
office machine operator, except computer
43-9080
proofreader or copy marker (broad)
43-9081.00
proofreader or copy marker
43-9110
statistical assistant (broad)
43-9111.00
statistical assistant
43-9190
miscellaneous office or administrative support worker
43-9199.00
office or administrative support worker, all other
45-0000
farming, fishing, or forestry occupation holder
45-1000
supervisor of farming, fishing, or forestry worker
45-1010
first-line supervisor of farming, fishing, or forestry worker (broad)
45-1011.00
first-line supervisor of farming, fishing, or forestry worker
45-2000
agricultural worker
45-2010
agricultural inspector (broad)
45-2011.00
agricultural inspector
45-2020
animal breeder (broad)
45-2021.00
animal breeder
45-2040
grader or sorter, agricultural products (broad)
45-2041.00
grader or sorter, agricultural products
45-2090
miscellaneous agricultural worker
45-2091.00
agricultural equipment operator
45-2092.00
farmworker or laborer, crop, nursery, or greenhouse
45-2093.00
farmworker, farm, ranch, or aquacultural animal
45-2099.00
agricultural worker, all other
45-3000
fishing or hunting worker (minor)
45-3030
fishing or hunting worker (broad)
45-3031.00
fishing or hunting worker
45-4000
forest, conservation, or logging worker
45-4010
forest or conservation worker (broad)
45-4011.00
forest or conservation worker
45-4020
logging worker
45-4021.00
faller
45-4022.00
logging equipment operator
45-4023.00
log grader or scaler
45-4029.00
logging worker, all other
47-0000
construction or extraction occupation holder
47-1000
supervisor of construction or extraction worker
47-1010
first-line supervisor of construction trades or extraction worker (broad)
47-1011.00
first-line supervisor of construction trades or extraction worker
47-1011.03
solar energy installation manager
47-2000
construction trades worker
47-2010
boilermaker (broad)
47-2011.00
boilermaker
47-2020
brickmason, blockmason, or stonemason
47-2021.00
brickmason or blockmason
47-2022.00
stonemason
47-2030
carpenter (broad)
47-2031.00
carpenter
47-2040
carpet, floor, or tile installer or finisher
47-2041.00
carpet installer
47-2042.00
floor layer, except carpet, wood, or hard tile
47-2043.00
floor sander or finisher
47-2044.00
tile or stone setter
47-2050
cement mason, concrete finisher, or terrazzo worker
47-2051.00
cement mason or concrete finisher
47-2053.00
terrazzo worker or finisher
47-2060
construction laborer (broad)
47-2061.00
construction laborer
47-2070
construction equipment operator
47-2071.00
paving, surfacing, or tamping equipment operator
47-2072.00
pile driver operator
47-2073.00
operating engineer or other construction equipment operator
47-2080
drywall installer, ceiling tile installer, or taper
47-2081.00
drywall or ceiling tile installer
47-2082.00
taper
47-2110
electrician (broad)
47-2111.00
electrician
47-2120
glazier (broad)
47-2121.00
glazier
47-2130
insulation worker
47-2131.00
insulation worker, floor, ceiling, or wall
47-2132.00
insulation worker, mechanical
47-2140
painter or paperhanger
47-2141.00
painter, construction or maintenance
47-2142.00
paperhanger
47-2150
pipelayer, plumber, pipefitter, or steamfitter
47-2151.00
pipelayer
47-2152.00
plumber, pipefitter, or steamfitter
47-2152.04
solar thermal installer or technician
47-2160
plasterer or stucco mason (broad)
47-2161.00
plasterer or stucco mason
47-2170
reinforcing iron or rebar worker (broad)
47-2171.00
reinforcing iron or rebar worker
47-2180
roofer (broad)
47-2181.00
roofer
47-2210
sheet metal worker (broad)
47-2211.00
sheet metal worker
47-2220
structural iron or steel worker (broad)
47-2221.00
structural iron or steel worker
47-2230
solar photovoltaic installer (broad)
47-2231.00
solar photovoltaic installer
47-3000
helper, construction trades (minor)
47-3010
helper, construction trades
47-3011.00
helper-brickmason, blockmason, stonemason, or tile or marble setter
47-3012.00
helpers--carpenter
47-3013.00
helpers--electrician
47-3014.00
helpers--painter, paperhanger, plasterer, or stucco mason
47-3015.00
helpers--pipelayer, plumber, pipefitter, or steamfitter
47-3016.00
helpers--roofer
47-3019.00
helper, construction trades, all other
47-4000
other construction or related worker
47-4010
construction or building inspector (broad)
47-4011.00
construction or building inspector
47-4011.01
energy auditor
47-4020
elevator or escalator installer or repairer (broad)
47-4021.00
elevator or escalator installer or repairer
47-4030
fence erector (broad)
47-4031.00
fence erector
47-4040
hazardous materials removal worker (broad)
47-4041.00
hazardous materials removal worker
47-4050
highway maintenance worker (broad)
47-4051.00
highway maintenance worker
47-4060
rail-track laying or maintenance equipment operator (broad)
47-4061.00
rail-track laying or maintenance equipment operator
47-4070
septic tank servicer or sewer pipe cleaner (broad)
47-4071.00
septic tank servicer or sewer pipe cleaner
47-4090
miscellaneous construction or related worker
47-4091.00
segmental paver
47-4099.00
construction or related worker, all other
47-4099.03
weatherization installer or technician
47-5000
extraction worker
47-5010
derrick, rotary drill, or service unit operator, oil or gas
47-5011.00
derrick operator, oil or ga
47-5012.00
rotary drill operator, oil or ga
47-5013.00
service unit operator, oil or ga
47-5020
surface mining machine operator or earth driller
47-5022.00
excavating or loading machine or dragline operator, surface mining
47-5023.00
earth driller, except oil or ga
47-5030
explosives worker, ordnance handling expert, or blaster (broad)
47-5032.00
explosives worker, ordnance handling expert, or blaster
47-5040
underground mining machine operator
47-5041.00
continuous mining machine operator
47-5043.00
roof bolter, mining
47-5044.00
loading or moving machine operator, underground mining
47-5049.00
underground mining machine operator, all other
47-5050
rock splitter, quarry (broad)
47-5051.00
rock splitter, quarry
47-5070
roustabout, oil or gas
47-5071.00
roustabout, oil or ga
47-5080
helper--extraction worker
47-5081.00
helpers--extraction worker
47-5090
miscellaneous extraction worker
47-5099.00
extraction worker, all other
49-0000
installation, maintenance, or repair occupation
49-1000
supervisor of installation, maintenance, or repair worker
49-1010
first-line supervisor of mechanic, installer, or repairer
49-1011.00
first-line supervisor of mechanics, installer, or repairer
49-2000
electrical or electronic equipment mechanic, installer, or repairer
49-2010
computer, automated teller, or office machine repairer (broad)
49-2011.00
computer, automated teller, or office machine repairer
49-2020
radio or telecommunications equipment installer or repairer
49-2021.00
radio, cellular, or tower equipment installer or repairer
49-2022.00
telecommunications equipment installer or repairer, except line installer
49-2090
miscellaneous electrical or electronic equipment mechanic, installer, or repairer
49-2091.00
avionics technician
49-2092.00
electric motor, power tool, or related repairer
49-2093.00
electrical or electronics installer or repairer, transportation equipment
49-2094.00
electrical or electronics repairer, commercial or industrial equipment
49-2095.00
electrical or electronics repairer, powerhouse, substation, or relay
49-2096.00
electronic equipment installer or repairer, motor vehicle
49-2097.00
audiovisual equipment installer or repairer
49-2098.00
security or fire alarm systems installer
49-3000
vehicle or mobile equipment mechanic, installer, or repairer
49-3010
aircraft mechanic or service technician
49-3011.00
aircraft mechanics or service technician
49-3020
automotive technician or repairer
49-3021.00
automotive body or related repairer
49-3022.00
automotive glass installer or repairer
49-3023.00
automotive service technician or mechanic
49-3030
bus or truck mechanic or diesel engine specialist (broad)
49-3031.00
bus or truck mechanic or diesel engine specialist
49-3040
heavy vehicle or mobile equipment service technician or mechanic
49-3041.00
farm equipment mechanic or service technician
49-3042.00
mobile heavy equipment mechanic, except engine
49-3043.00
rail car repairer
49-3050
small engine mechanic
49-3051.00
motorboat mechanic or service technician
49-3052.00
motorcycle mechanic
49-3053.00
outdoor power equipment or other small engine mechanic
49-3090
miscellaneous vehicle or mobile equipment mechanic, installer, or repairer
49-3091.00
bicycle repairer
49-3092.00
recreational vehicle service technician
49-3093.00
tire repairer or changer
49-9000
other installation, maintenance, or repair occupation
49-9010
control or valve installer or repairer
49-9011.00
mechanical door repairer
49-9012.00
control or valve installer or repairer, except mechanical door
49-9020
heating, air conditioning, or refrigeration mechanic or installer
49-9021.00
heating, air conditioning, or refrigeration mechanics or installer
49-9030
home appliance repairer (broad)
49-9031.00
home appliance repairer
49-9040
industrial machinery installation, repair, or maintenance worker
49-9041.00
industrial machinery mechanic
49-9043.00
maintenance worker, machinery
49-9044.00
millwright
49-9045.00
refractory materials repairer, except brickmason
49-9050
line installer or repairer
49-9051.00
electrical power-line installer or repairer
49-9052.00
telecommunications line installer or repairer
49-9060
precision instrument or equipment repairer
49-9061.00
camera or photographic equipment repairer
49-9062.00
medical equipment repairer
49-9063.00
musical instrument repairer or tuner
49-9064.00
watch or clock repairer
49-9069.00
precision instrument or equipment repairer, all other
49-9070
maintenance or repair worker, general (broad)
49-9071.00
maintenance or repair worker, general
49-9080
wind turbine service technician (broad)
49-9081.00
wind turbine service technician
49-9090
miscellaneous installation, maintenance, or repair worker
49-9091.00
coin, vending, or amusement machine servicer or repairer
49-9092.00
commercial diver
49-9094.00
locksmith or safe repairer
49-9095.00
manufactured building or mobile home installer
49-9096.00
rigger
49-9097.00
signal or track switch repairer
49-9098.00
helpers--installation, maintenance, or repair worker
49-9099.00
installation, maintenance, or repair worker, all other
49-9099.01
geothermal technician
51-0000
production occupation
51-1000
supervisor of production worker
51-1010
first-line supervisor of production or operating worker (broad)
51-1011.00
first-line supervisor of production or operating worker
51-2000
assembler or fabricator
51-2010
aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, or systems assembler (broad)
51-2011.00
aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, or systems assembler
51-2020
electrical, electronics, or electromechanical assembler
51-2021.00
coil winder, taper, or finisher
51-2022.00
electrical or electronic equipment assembler
51-2023.00
electromechanical equipment assembler
51-2030
engine or other machine assembler (broad)
51-2031.00
engine or other machine assembler
51-2040
structural metal fabricator or fitter (broad)
51-2041.00
structural metal fabricator or fitter
51-2050
fiberglass laminator or fabricator (broad)
51-2051.00
fiberglass laminator or fabricator
51-2060
timing device assembler or adjuster (broad)
51-2061.00
timing device assembler or adjuster
51-2090
miscellaneous assembler or fabricator
51-2092.00
team assembler
51-2099.00
assembler or fabricator, all other
51-3000
food processing worker
51-3010
baker (broad)
51-3011.00
baker
51-3020
butcher or other meat, poultry, or fish processing worker
51-3021.00
butcher or meat cutter
51-3022.00
meat, poultry, or fish cutter or trimmer
51-3023.00
slaughterer or meat packer
51-3090
miscellaneous food processing worker
51-3091.00
food or tobacco roasting, baking, or drying machine operator or tender
51-3092.00
food batchmaker
51-3093.00
food cooking machine operator or tender
51-3099.00
food processing worker, all other
51-4000
metal worker or plastic worker
51-4020
forming machine setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4021.00
extruding or drawing machine setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4022.00
forging machine setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4023.00
rolling machine setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4030
machine tool cutting setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4031.00
cutting, punching, or press machine setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4032.00
drilling or boring machine tool setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4033.00
grinding, lapping, polishing, or buffing machine tool setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4034.00
lathe or turning machine tool setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4035.00
milling or planing machine setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4040
machinist (broad)
51-4041.00
machinist
51-4050
metal furnace operator, tender, pourer, or caster
51-4051.00
metal-refining furnace operator or tender
51-4052.00
pourer or caster, metal
51-4060
model maker or patternmaker, metal or plastic
51-4061.00
model maker, metal or plastic
51-4062.00
patternmaker, metal or plastic
51-4070
molder or molding machine setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4071.00
foundry mold or coremaker
51-4072.00
molding, coremaking, or casting machine setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4080
multiple machine tool setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic (broad)
51-4081.00
multiple machine tool setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4110
tool or die maker (broad)
51-4111.00
tool or die maker
51-4120
welding, soldering, or brazing worker
51-4121.00
welder, cutter, solderer, or brazer
51-4122.00
welding, soldering, or brazing machine setter, operator, or tender
51-4190
miscellaneous metal worker or plastic worker
51-4191.00
heat treating equipment setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4192.00
layout worker, metal or plastic
51-4193.00
plating machine setter, operator, or tender, metal or plastic
51-4194.00
tool grinder, filer, or sharpener
51-4199.00
metal worker or plastic worker, all other
51-5100
printing worker (minor)
51-5110
printing worker
51-5111.00
prepress technician or worker
51-5112.00
printing press operator
51-5113.00
print binding or finishing worker
51-6000
textile, apparel, or furnishings worker
51-6010
laundry or dry-cleaning worker (broad)
51-6011.00
laundry or dry-cleaning worker
51-6020
presser, textile, garment, or related materials (broad)
51-6021.00
presser, textile, garment, or related materials
51-6030
sewing machine operator (broad)
51-6031.00
sewing machine operator
51-6040
shoe or leather worker
51-6041.00
shoe or leather worker or repairer
51-6042.00
shoe machine operator or tender
51-6050
tailor, dressmaker, or sewer
51-6051.00
sewer, hand
51-6052.00
tailor, dressmaker, or custom sewer
51-6060
textile machine setter, operator, or tender
51-6061.00
textile bleaching or dyeing machine operator or tender
51-6062.00
textile cutting machine setter, operator, or ten
51-6063.00
textile knitting or weaving machine setter, operator, or tender
51-6064.00
textile winding, twisting, or drawing out machine setter, operator, or tender
51-6090
miscellaneous textile, apparel, or furnishings worker
51-6091.00
extruding or forming machine setter, operator, or tender, synthetic or glass fiber
51-6092.00
fabric or apparel patternmaker
51-6093.00
upholsterer
51-6099.00
textile, apparel, or furnishings worker, all other
51-7000
woodworker
51-7010
cabinetmaker or bench carpenter (broad)
51-7011.00
cabinetmaker or bench carpenter
51-7020
furniture finisher (broad)
51-7021.00
furniture finisher
51-7030
model maker or patternmaker, wood
51-7031.00
model maker, wood
51-7032.00
patternmaker, wood
51-7040
woodworking machine setter, operator, or tender
51-7041.00
sawing machine setter, operator, or tender, wood
51-7042.00
woodworking machine setter, operator, or tender, except sawing
51-7090
miscellaneous woodworker
51-7099.00
woodworker, all other
51-8000
plant or system operator
51-8010
power plant operator, distributor, or dispatcher
51-8011.00
nuclear power reactor operator
51-8012.00
power distributor or dispatcher
51-8013.00
power plant operator
51-8013.03
biomass plant technician
51-8013.04
hydroelectric plant technician
51-8020
stationary engineer or boiler operator (broad)
51-8021.00
stationary engineer or boiler operator
51-8030
water or wastewater treatment plant or system operator (broad)
51-8031.00
water or wastewater treatment plant or system operator
51-8090
miscellaneous plant or system operator
51-8091.00
chemical plant or system operator
51-8092.00
gas plant operator
51-8093.00
petroleum pump system operator, refinery operator, or gauger
51-8099.00
plant or system operator, all other
51-8099.01
biofuels processing technician
51-9000
other production occupation
51-9010
chemical processing machine setter, operator, or tender
51-9011.00
chemical equipment operator or tender
51-9012.00
separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, or still machine setter, operator, or tender
51-9020
crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, or blending worker
51-9021.00
crushing, grinding, or polishing machine setter, operator, or tender
51-9022.00
grinding or polishing worker, hand
51-9023.00
mixing or blending machine setter, operator, or tender
51-9030
cutting worker
51-9031.00
cutter or trimmer, hand
51-9032.00
cutting or slicing machine setter, operator, or tender
51-9040
extruding, forming, pressing, or compacting machine setter, operator, or tender (broad)
51-9041.00
extruding, forming, pressing, or compacting machine setter, operator, or tender
51-9050
furnace, Kiln, oven, drier, or Kettle operator or tender (broad)
51-9051.00
furnace, kiln, oven, drier, or kettle operator or tender
51-9060
inspector, tester, sorter, sampler, or weigher (broad)
51-9061.00
inspector, tester, sorter, sampler, or weigher
51-9070
jeweler or precious stone or metal worker (broad)
51-9071.00
jeweler or precious stone or metal worker
51-9071.06
gem or diamond worker
51-9080
dental or ophthalmic laboratory technician or medical appliance technician
51-9081.00
dental laboratory technician
51-9082.00
medical appliance technician
51-9083.00
ophthalmic laboratory technician
51-9110
packaging or filling machine operator or tender (broad)
51-9111.00
packaging or filling machine operator or tender
51-9120
painting worker
51-9123.00
painting, coating, or decorating worker
51-9124.00
coating, painting, or spraying machine setter, operator, or tender
51-9140
semiconductor processing technician (broad)
51-9141.00
semiconductor processing technician
51-9150
photographic process worker or processing machine operator (broad)
51-9151.00
photographic process worker or processing machine operator
51-9160
computer numerically controlled tool operator or programmer
51-9161.00
computer numerically controlled tool operator
51-9162.00
computer numerically controlled tool programmer
51-9190
miscellaneous production worker
51-9191.00
adhesive bonding machine operator or tender
51-9192.00
cleaning, washing, or metal pickling equipment operator or tender
51-9193.00
cooling or freezing equipment operator or tender
51-9194.00
etcher or engraver
51-9195.00
molder, shaper, or caster, except metal or plastic
51-9195.03
stone cutter or carver, manufacturing
51-9195.04
glass blower, molder, bender, or finisher
51-9195.05
potter, manufacturing
51-9196.00
paper goods machine setter, operator, or tender
51-9197.00
tire builder
51-9198.00
helpers--production worker
51-9199.00
production worker, all other
53-0000
transportation or material moving occupation
53-1000
supervisor of transportation or material moving worker
53-1040
first-line supervisor of transportation or material moving worker
53-1041.00
aircraft cargo handling supervisor
53-1042.00
first-line supervisor of helpers, laborer, or material mover, hand
53-1042.01
recycling coordinator
53-1043.00
first-line supervisor of material-moving machine or vehicle operator
53-1044.00
first-line supervisor of passenger attendant
53-1049.00
first-line supervisor of transportation worker, all other
53-2000
air transportation worker
53-2010
aircraft pilot or flight engineer
53-2011.00
airline pilot, copilot, or flight engineer
53-2012.00
commercial pilot
53-2020
air traffic controller or airfield operations specialist
53-2021.00
air traffic controller
53-2022.00
airfield operations specialist
53-2030
flight attendant (broad)
53-2031.00
flight attendant
53-3000
motor vehicle operator
53-3010
ambulance driver or attendant, except emergency medical technician (broad)
53-3011.00
ambulance driver or attendant, except emergency medical technician
53-3030
driver/sales worker or truck driver
53-3031.00
driver/sales worker
53-3032.00
heavy or tractor-trailer truck driver
53-3033.00
light truck driver
53-3050
passenger vehicle driver
53-3051.00
bus driver, school
53-3052.00
bus driver, transit or intercity
53-3053.00
shuttle driver or chauffeur
53-3054.00
taxi driver
53-3090
miscellaneous motor vehicle operator
53-3099.00
motor vehicle operator, all other
53-4000
rail transportation worker
53-4010
locomotive engineer or operator
53-4011.00
locomotive engineer
53-4013.00
rail yard engineer, dinkey operator, or hostler
53-4020
railroad brake, signal, or switch operator or locomotive firer (broad)
53-4022.00
railroad brake, signal, or switch operator or locomotive firer
53-4030
railroad conductor or yardmaster (broad)
53-4031.00
railroad conductor or yardmaster
53-4040
subway or streetcar operator (broad)
53-4041.00
subway or streetcar operator
53-4090
miscellaneous rail transportation worker
53-4099.00
rail transportation worker, all other
53-5000
water transportation worker
53-5010
sailor or marine oiler (broad)
53-5011.00
sailor or marine oiler
53-5020
ship or boat captain or operator
53-5021.00
captain, mate, or pilot of water vessel
53-5022.00
motorboat operator
53-5030
ship engineer (broad)
53-5031.00
ship engineer
53-6000
other transportation worker
53-6010
bridge or lock tender (broad)
53-6011.00
bridge or lock tender
53-6020
parking attendant (broad)
53-6021.00
parking attendant
53-6030
transportation service attendant
53-6031.00
automotive or watercraft service attendant
53-6032.00
aircraft service attendant
53-6040
traffic technician (broad)
53-6041.00
traffic technician
53-6050
transportation inspector (broad)
53-6051.00
transportation inspector
53-6051.01
aviation inspector
53-6051.07
transportation vehicle, equipment or systems inspector, except aviation
53-6060
passenger attendant (broad)
53-6061.00
passenger attendant
53-6090
miscellaneous transportation worker
53-6099.00
transportation worker, all other
53-7000
material moving worker
53-7010
conveyor operator or tender (broad)
53-7011.00
conveyor operator or tender
53-7020
crane or tower operator (broad)
53-7021.00
crane or tower operator
53-7030
dredge operator (broad)
53-7031.00
dredge operator
53-7040
hoist or winch operator (broad)
53-7041.00
hoist or winch operator
53-7050
industrial truck or tractor operator (broad)
53-7051.00
industrial truck or tractor operator
53-7060
laborer or material mover
53-7061.00
cleaner of vehicles or equipment
53-7062.00
laborer or freight, stock, or material movers, hand
53-7062.04
recycling or reclamation worker
53-7063.00
machine feeder or offbearer
53-7064.00
packer or packager, hand
53-7065.00
stocker or order filler
53-7070
pumping station operator
53-7071.00
gas compressor or gas pumping station operator
53-7072.00
pump operator, except wellhead pumper
53-7073.00
wellhead pumper
53-7080
refuse or recyclable material collector (broad)
53-7081.00
refuse or recyclable material collector
53-7120
tank car, truck, or ship loader (broad)
53-7121.00
tank car, truck, or ship loader
53-7190
miscellaneous material moving worker
53-7199.00
material moving worker, all other
55-0000
military specific occupation
55-1000
military officer special or tactical operations leader (minor)
55-1010
military officer special or tactical operations leader
55-1011.00
air crew officer
55-1012.00
aircraft launch or recovery officer
55-1013.00
armored assault vehicle officer
55-1014.00
artillery or missile officer
55-1015.00
command or control center officer
55-1016.00
infantry officer
55-1017.00
special forces officer
55-1019.00
military officer special or tactical operations leader, all other
55-2000
first-line enlisted military supervisor (minor)
55-2010
first-line enlisted military supervisor
55-2011.00
first-line supervisor of air crew member
55-2012.00
first-line supervisor of weapons specialist/crew member
55-2013.00
first-line supervisor of all other tactical operations specialist
55-3000
military enlisted tactical operations or air/weapons specialist or crew member (minor)
55-3010
military enlisted tactical operations or air/weapons specialist or crew member
55-3011.00
air crew member
55-3012.00
aircraft launch or recovery specialist
55-3013.00
armored assault vehicle crew member
55-3014.00
artillery or missile crew member
55-3015.00
command or control center specialist
55-3016.00
infantry
55-3018.00
special forces
55-3019.00
military enlisted tactical operations or air/weapons specialist or crew member, all other