2015-06-09
Anna Protasio
Chris J. Janse
Chris Stockert
Flora Logan
Jie Zheng
Kitsos Louis
Priti Parikh
Satya Sahoo
Shahid M. Khan
The Parasite Life Cycle ontology was developed as part of the NIH-funded "Semantics and Services enabled Problem Solving Environment for Tcruzi" project (Grant#1R01HL087795-01A1). The Kno.e.sis center, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Wright State University, Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA and the Tarleton Lab, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases (CTEGD), University of Georgia, USA collaborated to create this ontology. Resource page: http://knoesis.wright.edu/trykipedia
This file is based on checkout of our SVN repository revision $Revision: 27 $
en
preferred term
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English)
preferred term
example of usage
A phrase describing how a class name should be used. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding of a class semantics, such as widely known prototypical subclasses or instances of the class. Although essential for high level terms, examples for low level terms (e.g., Affymetrix HU133 array) are not
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
example
in branch
OBI_0000277
has curation status
OBI_0000281
definition
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
definition
editor note
An administrative note intended for its editor. It will not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology.
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obfoundry.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
editor note
definition editor
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
Name of editor entering the definition
PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition editor
alternative term
An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent)
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
alternative term
definition source
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition source
formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007
has obsolescence reason
imported from
For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the
content of the resource.
Examples of a Contributor include a person, an
organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a
Contributor should be used to indicate the entity.
Coverage
Coverage will typically include spatial location (a place name
or geographic coordinates), temporal period (a period label,
date, or date range) or jurisdiction (such as a named
administrative entity).
Recommended best practice is to select a value from a
controlled vocabulary (for example, the Thesaurus of Geographic
Names [TGN]) and that, where appropriate, named places or time
periods be used in preference to numeric identifiers such as
sets of coordinates or date ranges.
The extent or scope of the content of the resource.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the content
of the resource.
Examples of a Creator include a person, an organisation,
or a service. Typically, the name of a Creator should
be used to indicate the entity.
Date
A date associated with an event in the life cycle of the
resource.
Typically, Date will be associated with the creation or
availability of the resource. Recommended best practice
for encoding the date value is defined in a profile of
ISO 8601 [W3CDTF] and follows the YYYY-MM-DD format.
Description
An account of the content of the resource.
Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract,
table of contents, reference to a graphical representation
of content or a free-text account of the content.
Format
The physical or digital manifestation of the resource.
Typically, Format may include the media-type or dimensions of
the resource. Format may be used to determine the software,
hardware or other equipment needed to display or operate the
resource. Examples of dimensions include size and duration.
Recommended best practice is to select a value from a
controlled vocabulary (for example, the list of Internet Media
Types [MIME] defining computer media formats).
Resource Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.
Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means
of a string or number conforming to a formal identification
system.
Example formal identification systems include the Uniform
Resource Identifier (URI) (including the Uniform Resource
Locator (URL)), the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) and the
International Standard Book Number (ISBN).
Language
A language of the intellectual content of the resource.
Recommended best practice is to use RFC 3066 [RFC3066],
which, in conjunction with ISO 639 [ISO639], defines two-
and three-letter primary language tags with optional
subtags. Examples include "en" or "eng" for English,
"akk" for Akkadian, and "en-GB" for English used in the
United Kingdom.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organisation,
or a service.
Typically, the name of a Publisher should be used to
indicate the entity.
Relation
Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means
of a string or number conforming to a formal identification
system.
A reference to a related resource.
Rights Management
Typically, a Rights element will contain a rights
management statement for the resource, or reference
a service providing such information. Rights information
often encompasses Intellectual Property Rights (IPR),
Copyright, and various Property Rights.
If the Rights element is absent, no assumptions can be made
about the status of these and other rights with respect to
the resource.
Information about rights held in and over the resource.
Source
A reference to a resource from which the present resource
is derived.
The present resource may be derived from the Source resource
in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to reference
the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a
formal identification system.
Subject and Keywords
The topic of the content of the resource.
Typically, a Subject will be expressed as keywords,
key phrases or classification codes that describe a topic
of the resource. Recommended best practice is to select
a value from a controlled vocabulary or formal
classification scheme.
Title
Typically, a Title will be a name by which the resource is
formally known.
A name given to the resource.
Resource Type
The nature or genre of the content of the resource.
Type includes terms describing general categories, functions,
genres, or aggregation levels for content. Recommended best
practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary
(for example, the DCMI Type Vocabulary [DCMITYPE]). To
describe the physical or digital manifestation of the
resource, use the Format element.
has vector
has host
bearer_of
has_role
OBO_REL:0000033
relationship
inheres_in
unfolds_in
has_part
OBO_REL:0000003
relationship
has_participant
Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time.
OBO_REL:0000019
relationship
ro_bfo_bridge
located_in
Location as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation c located_in r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is part_of the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus
OBO_REL:0000008
relationship
ro_bfo_bridge
location_of
OBO_REL:0000009
relationship
ro_bfo_bridge
part_of
OBO_REL:0000002
Parthood as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation p part_of p1 is illustrated in assertions such as: this instance of rhodopsin mediated phototransduction part_of this instance of visual perception. This relation satisfies at least the following standard axioms of mereology: reflexivity (for all p, p part_of p); anti-symmetry (for all p, p1, if p part_of p1 and p1 part_of p then p and p1 are identical); and transitivity (for all p, p1, p2, if p part_of p1 and p1 part_of p2, then p part_of p2). Analogous axioms hold also for parthood as a relation between spatial regions. For parthood as a relation between continuants, these axioms need to be modified to take account of the incorporation of a temporal argument. Thus for example the axiom of transitivity for continuants will assert that if c part_of c1 at t and c1 part_of c2 at t, then also c part_of c2 at t. Parthood as a relation between classes: To define part_of as a relation between classes we again need to distinguish the two cases of continuants and processes, even though the explicit reference to instants of time now falls away. For continuants, we have C part_of C1 if and only if any instance of C at any time is an instance-level part of some instance of C1 at that time, as for example in: cell nucleus part_ of cell.
There is controversy about this relation intended to represent the relation between some arbitrary physical thing that is used as a represention/proxy/pointer to something else
relationship
participates_in
OBO_REL:0000020
relationship
ro_bfo_bridge
data item
information content entity
curation status specification
Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting)
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
OBI_0000266
PERSON:Bill Bug
The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
curation status specification
data about an ontology part
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term
obsolescence reason specification
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
The creation of this class has been inspired in part by Werner Ceusters' paper, Applying evolutionary terminology auditing to the Gene Ontology.
The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
obsolescence reason specification
anatomical structure
CARO:MAH
Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/caro.owl
cell
Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane.
CARO:MAH
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/caro.owl
hepatocyte
GOC:tfm
ISBN:041204691
MESH:A.11.436.348
The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. Majority of cell population of liver, polygonal in shape, arranged in plates or trabeculae between sinusoids; may have single nucleus or binucleated.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/cl.owl
erythrocyte
A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen.
GOC:tfm
MESH:A.11.118.290
RBC
red blood cell
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/cl.owl
macrophage
A mononuclear phagocyte present in variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells.
GOC:add
GOC:tfm
GO_REF:0000031
PMID:16213494
PMID:1919437
histiocyte
http://www.clt.astate.edu/wwilliam/
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/cl.owl
insect
Insects (Class Insecta) are arthropods, having a hard exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae.
Wikipedia:Insect
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/idomal.owl
mammal
A vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia.
KL:KL
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/idomal.owl
vertebrate
Any member of the subphylum Vertebrata, chordates with backbones or spinal columns.
KL:KL
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/idomal.owl
parasite role
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ido.owl
A symbiont role borne by an organism in virtue of the fact that it derives a growth, survival, or fitness advantage from symbiosis while the other symbiont's growth, survival, or fitness is reduced.
definitive host role
A symbiont host role borne by an organism in virtue of the fact that its partner in symbiosis reaches developmental maturity or reproduces sexually in the host.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ido.owl
intermediate host role
A symbiont host role borne by an organism in virtue of the fact that its partner in symbiosis utilizes the host to undergo a developmental stage transition, and the host is required for continuation of the partner's life cycle.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ido.owl
infectious agent vector role
An infectious agent transporter role that is borne by an organism active in the transfer of an infectious agent to an organism of another species and in which the agent is infectious.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ido.owl
biological vector of infectious agent role
An infectious agent vector role borne by an organism in virtue of the fact that the infectious agent multiplies in or on the vector. [IDO:420]
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ido.owl
Mus musculus
house mouse
mouse
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Bulinus
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Oncomelania
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Leishmania
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Leishmania major
L. major
Leishmania (Leishmania) major
Leishmania tropica major
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Trypanosoma
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Trypanosoma brucei
A genus of trypanosomatid protozoans, aetiological agent of Sleeping sickness, also called Human African Trypanosomiasis.
T. brucei
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Trypanosoma cruzi
A genus of trypanosomatid protozoans, aetiological agent of Chagas disease, also called South American Trypanosomiasis.
T. cruzi
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Plasmodium
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Plasmodium falciparum
P. falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum is a protozoan parasite, one of the species of Plasmodium that cause malignant malaria in humans. It is transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito.
Wikipedia: Plasmodium falciparum
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Schistosoma
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Schistosoma japonicum
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Schistosoma mansoni
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Schistosoma haematobium
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Mollusca
molluscs
mollusks
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Biomphalaria
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Triatominae
kissing bugs
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Anopheles
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Phlebotominae
sand flies
sandflies
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Glossina
tsetse flies
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Homo sapiens
human
man
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
Canis lupus familiaris
Canis canis
Canis domesticus
Canis familiaris
dog
dogs
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ncbitaxon.owl
host role
In biology, a host is an organism that harbors a virus or parasite, or a mutual or commensal symbiont, typically providing nourishment and shelter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host_(biology) 30 March 09
OBI
host role is a role played by an organism and realized by providing nourishment, shelter or a means of reproduction to another organism within the organism playing the host role
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl
organism
A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl
Leishmania major metacyclic promastigote
L. major metacyclic promastigote
Leishmania major promastigote undergoes a second developmental transition yielding the metacyclic promastigote. This form of parasite is infective to its vertebrate host.
PMID:11748963
Priti Parikh
Triatominae hindgut
A hindgut that is a part of or originated from a Triatominae bug.
Priti Parikh
Homo sapiens liver
A liver that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
FMA:7197
Priti Parikh
human liver
metacyclic promastigote stage
A mammal-infective promastigote stage of some kinetoplastids.
PMID:13129524
Priti Parikh
Plasmodium falciparum exflagellated microgametocyte stage
Exflagellated microgametocyte stage in the lifecycle of Plasmodium falciparum that occurs in the midgut of a mosquito vector.
P. falciparum exflagellated microgametocyte stage
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma haematobium sporocyst stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium sporocyst stage
Sporocyst stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs within the snail intermediate host.
Schistosoma japonicum cercaria stage
Cercaria stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in a freshwater snail and in fresh water.
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum cercaria stage
Plasmodium falciparum microgametocyte stage
Microgametocyte stage in the lifecycle of Plasmodium falciparum that occurs either in the bloodstream of a vertebrate host or the midgut of a mosquito vector.
P. Parkh, S. Khan. C. Janse
P. falciparum microgametocyte stage
Schistosoma haematobium 3 hour schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium 3 hour schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma haematobium that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 3 hours post-infection.
Schistosoma haematobium miracidium
A free-living motile form of Schistosoma haematobium, that is covered with cilia, and develops in the snail intermediate host.
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium miracidium
Schistosoma mansoni 3 day schistosomulum stage
Priti Parikh
S. mansoni 3 day schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in the definitive host 3 days post-infection.
Phlebotominae proboscis
A proboscis that is a part of or originated from a sand fly of genus Phlebotominae.
Priti Parikh
Leishmania major promastigote
L. major promastigote
Leishmania major promastigote is extracellular and motile form with an anterior flagellum. It grows and divides by longitudinal binary fission in the insect vector; i.e., sandfly.
Priti Parikh
http://dna.kdna.ucla.edu/parasite_course-old/leish_files/introduction1.htm
3 hour schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
PMID:19885392
The Schistosomulum stage 3 hours after infection of the mammalian host.
miracidium stage
A life cycle stage of Trematodes where the parasite is in free-living motile form, covered with cilia and settles in the mollusc to become a sporocyst.
Priti Parikh
Wikipedia –Trematode lifecycle stages
Homo sapiens cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
FMA:20935
Priti Parikh
human CSF
human cerebral spinal fluid
human cerebrospinal fluid
Schistosoma japonicum 3 day schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum 3 day schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma japonicum that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 3 days post-infection.
Schistosoma japonicum 3 hour schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum 3 hour schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma japonicum that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 3 hours post-infection.
bloodstream trypomastigote stage
A trypomastigote stage where trypmastigote form of parasites are found in mammalian host blood stream.
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma japonicum miracidium stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum miracidium stage
The miracidium stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the intermediate snail host.
Schistosoma japonicum daughter sporocyst stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum daughter sporocyst stage
The daughter sporocyst stage of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the snail intermediate host.
Schistosoma mansoni 24hour schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni 24hour schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma mansoni that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 24 hours post-infection.
microgamete stage
A developmental stage in apicomplexan parasites when exflagellated microgametocyte divides into microgamete.
Matt Berriman
Homo sapiens skin
A skin that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens) body.
FMA:7163
Priti Parikh
human skin
macrogametocyte stage
A gametocyte stage where a cell differentiates into a female sexual form called macrogametocyte.
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma haematobium 24 hour schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium 24 hour schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma haematobium that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 24 hours post-infection.
Schistosoma japonicum daughter sporocyst
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum daughter sporocyst
The Schistosoma japonicum sporocyst that develops into cercariae.
Trypanosoma brucei procyclic trypomastigote
Priti Parikh
T. brucei procyclic trypomastigote
Trypanosoma brucei procyclic trypomastigote is a dividing form of Trypanosoma brucei found in the midgut of an insect vector.
Anopheles midgut
A midgut that is a part of or originated from an Anopheles mosquito.
trypomastigote stage
A characteristic developmental stage of trypanosomes. In trypomastigote stage, the kinetoplast is near the posterior end of the body, and the flagellum lies attached to the cell body for most of its length by an undulating membrane.
Priti Parikh
Wikipedia: Trypanosomatid
Trypanosoma brucei metacyclic trypomastigote
Priti Parikh
T. brucei metacyclic trypomastigote
Trypanosoma brucei metacyclic trypomastigote is a non-dividing form infectious for the mammalian host. It is found in the salivary gland of an insect vector or blood of a vertebrate host.
http://dna.kdna.ucla.edu/parasite_course-old/african%20tryps%20new_files/subchapters/Life%20cycle.htm
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic schizont stage
C. Janse, S. Khan, P. Parkh
Erythrocytic schizont stage, in the P. falciparum lifecycle, occurs in infected erythrocytes of a vertebrate host
P. falciparum erythorcytic schizont stage
updated according to OPL terms Plasmodium final excel file from C. Janse, S. Khan
merozoite stage
A developmental stage in apicomplexan species where a daughter cell, called merozoite is produced from schizont through schizogony.
Priti Parikh, C. Stoeckert
adjusted to be more general
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/parasites/parpub/text/text/glossarM.htm
Schistosoma haematobium worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium worm
The mature form of Schistosoma haematobium, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma mansoni that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host and develops into the worm.
Schistosoma japonicum 6 day schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum 6 day schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma japonicum that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 6 days post-infection.
Homo sapiens hepatocyte
A hepatocyte that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
FMA:14515
Priti Parikh
human hepatocyte
Schistosoma mansoni sporocyst stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni sporocyst stage
The sporocyst stage of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in the snail intermediate host.
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic ring trophozoite stage
Matt Berriman, Priti Parikh, S. Khan, C. Janse
P. falciparum erythrocytic ring trophozoite stage
Ring trophozoite stage, in the Plasmodium falciparum life cycle, occurs in erythrocytes. During this stage some Plasmodium falciparum merozoites undergo asexual reproduction cycle in erythrocytes and form young trophozoites that are referred to as "ring form" due to their morphology.
Wikipedia: Plasmodium falciparum biology
Schistosoma japonicum cercaria
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum cercaria
The parasitic larval form of the Schistosoma japonicum worm that develops in a freshwater snail and is released into the water.
procyclic promastigote stage
A promastigote stage where the form of parasite is short, ovoid, and slightly motile.
PMID:13129524
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma mansoni 6 day schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni 6 day schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in the definitive host 6 days post-infection.
Schistosoma japonicum 6 day schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum 6 day schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the definitive host 6 days post-infection.
Homo sapiens mesenteric vein
A mesenteric vein that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
Priti Parikh
human mesenteric vein
Trypanosoma brucei lifecycle stage
Lifecycle stages of Trypanosoma brucei.
Priti Parikh
T. brucei lifecycle stage
Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigote
Priti Parikh
T. cruzi epimastigote
The Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigote is found in the intestinal tract of the insect vector. In this form, the kinetoplast is found anterior and adjacent to the nucleus. The flagellum emerges in the middle of the cell.
http://dna.kdna.ucla.edu/parasite_course-old/cruzi_files/intro.htm
Plasmodium falciparum microgametocyte
Male gametocyte of P. falciparum that is found in either bloodstream of a vertebrate host or midgut of a mosquito vector. The microgametocyte is a precursor cell of the microgamete
P. falciparum microgametocyte
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma japonicum 7 week worm
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum 7 week worm
The mature form of Schistosoma japonicum, capable of sexual reproduction, which is found in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host 7 weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma japonicum egg
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum egg
The egg of Schistosoma japonicum, which is laid by the female adult worm and released into the host gut where they leave the host in the faeces.
Schistosoma japonicum 3 week worm
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum 3 week worm
The worm form of Schistosoma japonicum, capable of sexual reproduction, which is found in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host 3 weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Trypanosoma brucei metacyclic trypomastigote stage
Metacyclic trypomastigote stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma brucei that occurs either in vertebrate host bloodstream or in salivary glands of an insect vector.
Priti Parikh
T. brucei metacyclic trypomastigote stage
trophozoite stage
A non-reproductive, feeding and growing stage in the lifecycle of some protozoan parasites.
Priti Parikh
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/parasites/parpub/text/text/glossarT.htm
Leishmania major procyclic promastigote stage
L. major procyclic promastigote stage
Priti Parikh
Procyclic promastigote stage in the lifecycle of Leishmania major.
hepatic schizont stage
A schizont stage that occurs in hepatocyte where sporozoites mature into a schizont.
Matt Berriman and Priti Parikh
PMID:11006474
Plasmodium falciparum schizont
C. Janse, S. Khan, P. Parkh
P. falciparum schizont
P. falciparum schizont is a form that divides through schizogony. Depending on its location, it is either called hepatic or erythrocytic schizont. The schizont is a dividing stage with 2 or more nuclei.
updated according to OPL terms Plasmodium final excel file from C. Janse, S. Khan
Trypanosoma cruzi amastigote
Priti Parikh
T. cruzi amastigote
Trypanosoma cruzi amastigote is the intracellular dividing form in the cytoplasm of vertebrate cells. It is a round/oval-shaped cell with no protruding flagellum.
http://dna.kdna.ucla.edu/parasite_course-old/cruzi_files/intro.htm
Schistosoma haematobium 3 day schistosomulum stage
Priti Parikh
S. haematobium 3 day schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma haematobium occurs in the definitive host 3 days post-infection.
Schistosoma mansoni 24 hour schistosomulum stage
Priti Parikh
S. mansoni 24 hour schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in the definitive host 24 hours post-infection.
Trypanosoma cruzi amastigote stage
Amastigote stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma cruzi that occurs in vertebrate hosts.
Priti Parikh
T. cruzi amastigote stage
6 day schistosomulum stage
PMID:19885392
Priti Parikh
The Schistosomulum stage 6 days after infection of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni 3hour schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni 3hour schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma mansoni that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 3 hours post-infection.
Plasmodium falciparum macrogametocyte stage
Macrogametocyte stage in the lifecycle of Plasmodium falciparum that occurs either in the bloodstream of a vertebrate host or the midgut of a mosquito vector.
P. Parkh, S. Khan, C. Janse
P. falciparum macrogametocyte stage
gametocytes are mainly found in the blood
Schistosoma haematobium miracidium stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
Miracidium stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs in the intermediate snail host.
S. haematobium miracidium stage
cercaria stage
A free-living larval stage of Digenea, developed within the germinal cells of the sporocyst or redia. A cercaria has a tapering head with large penetration glands. It may or may not have a long swimming "tail", depending on the species. The motile cercaria finds and settles in a host where it will become either an adult, or a mesocercaria, or a metacercaria, according to species.
Priti Parikh
Wikipedia - Trematode lifecycle stages
Schistosoma japonicum worm stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum worm stage
The mature stage of Schistosoma japonicum that is found in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma japonicum egg stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum egg stage
The egg stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the mammalian host.
oocyst stage
A stage in the development of sporozoa consisting of a zygote enclosed by cyst wall.
Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. © 2009, Elsevier. (http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oocyst)
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma haematobium 3 hour schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium 3 hour schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs in the definitive host 3 hours post-infection.
Plasmodium falciparum macrogamete stage
Macrogamete stage, in the Plasmodium falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the midgut of a mosquito vector.
P. falciparum macrogamete stage
Priti Parikh
procyclic trypomastigote stage
Priti Parikh
Trypomastigote stage where trypomastigote form of parasites are in dividing form. This stage occurs in fly vector.
Schistosoma japonicum schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma japonicum that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host and develops into the worm.
erythrocytic schizont stage
A schizont stage that occurs in erythrocytes where trophozoites mature into a schizont and schizont produces daughter trophozoites or merozoites.
Matt Berriman and Priti Parikh
PMID: 11006474
Schistosoma haematobium cercaria
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium cercaria
The parasitic larval form of the Schistosoma haematobium worm that develops in a freshwater snail and is released into the water.
parasite lifecycle in host liver stage
Person: Chris Stoeckert
liver stage
EuPathDB
A parasite lifecycle stage that occurs in the liver of the host organism. For Plasmodium species these stages can include sporozoites, trophozoites, schizonts, and merozoites.
Trypanosoma brucei procyclic trypomastigote stage
Priti Parikh
Procyclic trypomastigote stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma brucei.
worm stage
A developmental stage of some parasites in which the parasite develops into a worm form, and undergoes maturation.
Priti Parikh
http://www.path.cam.ac.uk/~schisto/schistosoma/schisto_lifecycle_egg.html
Bulinus hepatopancreas
Hepatopancreas that is a part of or originated from a Bulinus snail.
Priti Parikh
schizont stage
Priti Parikh
The multinucleate stage in the development of some members of the Sarcodina and some sporozoans during schizogony.
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/schizont
macrogamete stage
A developmental stage in parasites when macrogametocytes produce macrogametes through the process known as gametogenesis.
Priti Parikh
http://www.tulane.edu/~wiser/malaria/mal_lc.PDF
daughter sporocyst stage
A larval stage of Trematodes produced by a mother sporocyst; it lacks a gut and is capable of asexual production of either rediae or cercariae.
Priti Parikh
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/parasites/parpub/text/text/glossarD.htm
Schistosoma haematobium 7 week worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium 7 week worm
The mature form of Schistosoma haematobium, capable of sexual reproduction, which is found in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host 7 weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Triatominae midgut
A midgut that is a part of or originated from a Triatominae bug.
Priti Parikh
Plasmodium falciparum ookinete
P. falciparum ookinete
Plasmodium falciparum ookinete is a 'banana-shaped' form that originates from the round zygote. The ookinete is found in the midgut of a mosquito vector and traverses the midgut wall of a mosquito vector.
Priti Parikh
Wikipedia: Plasmodium falciparum biology
Shistosoma mansoni 3 week worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni 3 week worm
The worm form of Schistosoma mansoni, capable of sexual reproduction, which is found in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host 3 weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma haematobium worm stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium worm stage
The fully developed mature stage of Schistosoma haematobium that is found in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host.
Trypanosoma brucei epimastigote
Priti Parikh
T. brucei epimastigote
The Trypanosoma brucei epimastigote is found in the salivary glands of tse-tse fly. In this form the kinetoplast is anterior to the nucleus with a short undulating membrane running about half the length of the body.
http://dna.kdna.ucla.edu/parasite_course-old/african%20tryps%20new_files/contents1.htm
Plasmodium falciparum hepatic schizont stage
Hepatic schizont stage in the lifecycle of Plasmodium falciparum that occurs in infected hepatocytes of a vertebrate host.
P. falciparum hepatic schizont stage
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma japonicum sporocyst
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum sporocyst
The Schistosoma japonicum sporocyst is an elongated sac that develops from the miracidium within the snail indermediate host, and that either produces more sporocysts or develops into cercariae.
schistomulum stage
A migratory stage between cercaria and adult of the schistosomes; equivalent to the metacercarial stage in other digeneans.
Priti Parikh
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/parasites/parpub/text/text/glossarS.htm
Homo sapiens erythrocyte
A red blood cell that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
FMA:62845
Priti Parikh
human RBC
human erythrocyte
human red blood cell
Homo sapiens vesical venus plexus
FMA:18934
Priti Parikh
Vesical venus plexus that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
human vesical venus plexus
sporocyst stage
An early developmental stage capable of asexual reproduction: in sporozoans it is usually enclosed within an oocyst; in digeneans it is an intramolluscan stage lacking a gut.
Priti Parikh
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/parasites/parpub/text/text/glossarD.htm
Schistosoma haematobium 3 week worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium 3 week worm
The worm form of Schistosoma haematobium, capable of sexual reproduction, which is found in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host 3 weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in the definitive host and is followed by the worm stage.
Schistosoma haematobium cercaria stage
Cercaria stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs in a freshwater snail and in fresh water.
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium cercaria stage
Leishmania major metacyclic promastigote stage
L. major metacyclic promastigote stage
Metacyclic promastigote stage in the lifecycle of Leishmania major.
Priti Parikh
Plasmodium falciparum merozoite stage
Merozoite stage, in the lifecycle of Plasmodium falciparum, occurs in the bloodstream or hepatocytes of a vertebrate host.
P. falciparum merozoite stage
Priti Parikh, C. Stoeckert
Biomphalaria hepatopancreas
Hepatopancreas that is a part of or originated from a Biomphalaria snail.
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma mansoni egg
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni egg
The egg of Schistosoma mansoni, which is laid by the female adult worm and released into the host gut where they leave the host in the faeces.
Schistosoma japonicum 3 week worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum 3 week worm stage
The worm stage of Schistosoma japonicum that is found in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host 3 weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni 3 week worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. mansoni 3 week worm stage
The worm stage of Schistosoma mansoni that is found in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host 3 weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
epimastigote stage
A developmental stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosomatids. During this stage, the undulating membrane is shortened and the flagellar pocket and the kinetoplast are anterior to the nucleus. This stage occurs in the insect host.
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma haematobium daughter sporocyst
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium daughter sporocyst
The Schistosoma haematobium sporocyst that develops into cercariae.
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic schizont
P. Parkh, S. Khan, C. Janse
P. falciparum erythrocytic schizont
Plasmodium falciparum schizont that is found in infected erythrocytes of a vertebrate host.
Schistosoma haematobium 7 week worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. haematobium 7 week worm stage
The mature stage of Schistosoma haematobium that is found in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host 7 weeks after weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni miracidium stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni miracidium stage
The miracidium stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma mansoni, that occurs in the intermediate snail host.
Plasmodium falciparum oocyst stage
Oocyst stage, in the Plasmodium falciparum lifecycle, occurs on the hemocoel side of the midgut of a mosquito vector. During this stage Plasmodium falciparum ookinete invades and escapes midgut wall of mosquito and embed itself onto the exterior of the gut membrane and develop encysted zygote, called oocyst.
P. falciparum oocyst stage
Priti Parikh
amastigote stage
Priti Parikh
The nonflagellate intracellular developmental stage in the lifecycle of trypanosomatid parasites that occurs in mammalian host.
Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite stage
Matt Berrimen, Priti Parikh, S. Khan, C. Janse
P. falciparum sporozoite stage
Sporozoite stage, in the P. falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the salivary glands of the mosquito and invades hepatocytes in the vertebrate host.
Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigote
Priti Parikh
T. cruzi metacyclic trypomastigote
Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigote is the infectious stage for vertebrates and so is found in blood or cells of vertebrate hosts.
http://dna.kdna.ucla.edu/parasite_course-old/cruzi_files/intro.htm
Homo sapiens blood
Chris Stoeckert
FMA:9670
OPL
blood that is part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
human blood
previous def was: blood of human
Schistosoma japonicum schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the definitive host and is followed by the worm stage.
exflagellated microgametocyte stage
A developmental stage in some apicomplexan parasites where microgametocyte gets matured and form microgamete through the process known as exflagellation.
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma mansoni 3 hour schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni 3 hour schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in the definitive host 3 hours post-infection.
Anopheles salivary gland
A salivary gland that is a part of or originated from an Anopheles mosquito.
Priti Parikh
Homo sapiens macrophage
A macrophage that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
FMA:63261
human macrophage
Schistosoma mansoni 3day schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni 3day schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma mansoni that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 3 days post-infection.
Schistosoma haematobium 6 day schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium 6 day schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs in the definitive host 6 days post-infection.
Schistosoma haematobium egg stage
Egg stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs in the mammalian host..
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium egg stage
Schistosoma japonicum worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum worm
The mature form of Schistosoma japonicum, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host.
adult female worm stage
An adult worm stage of a female worm.
Priti Parikh
http://www.path.cam.ac.uk/~schisto/schistosoma/schisto_lifecycle_egg.html
Schistosoma mansoni worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni worm
The mature form of Schistosoma mansoni, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma haematobium 24 hour schistosomulum stage
Priti Parikh
S. haematobium 24 hour schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs in the definitive host 24 hours post-infection.
Plasmodium falciparum merozoite
Merozoite stage, in the lifecycle of Plasmodium falciparum, occurs in the bloodstream of a vertebrate host.
P. Parkh
P. falciparum merozoite
Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigote stage
Metacyclic trypomastigote stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma cruzi that occurs in vertebrate hosts.
Priti Parikh
T. cruzi metacyclic trypomastigote stage
Schistosoma japonicum 24 hour schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum 24 hour schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma japonicum that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 24 hours post-infection.
Homo sapiens lung
A lung that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
FMA:7195
Priti Parikh
human lung
Oncomelania hepatopancreas
Hepatopancreas that is a part of or originated from a Oncomelania snail.
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma mansoni egg stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni egg stage
The egg stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni 7 week worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni 7 week worm
The mature form of Schistosoma mansoni, capable of sexual reproduction, which is found in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host 7 weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite
P. Parkh, S. Khan, C. Janse
P. falciparum sporozoite
Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites are formed in the oocyst. They migrate to and resides in the salivary glands of the mosquito vector. A distinction is made between oocyst-derived and salivary gland-derived sporozoites. Sporozoites invade hepatocytes in the vertebrate host.
Wikipedia: Plasmodium falciparum biology
Plasmodium falciparum oocyst
P. falciparum oocyst
Plasmodium falciparum oocyst is formed, after traversal of the midgut wall by the ookinete stage, on the hemocoel side of the midgut wall of the mosquito vector
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma japonicum 7 week worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum 7 week worm stage
The mature stage of Schistosoma japonicum that is found in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host 7 weeks after weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
erythrocytic ring trophozoite stage
An early trophozoite stage of Plasmodium sp. where a large central vacuole and peripheral nucleus give an appearance of a signet ring.
Priti Parikh
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/parasites/parpub/text/text/glossarR.htm
Homo sapiens intestine
An intestine that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
FMA:7199
Priti Parikh
human intestine
Schistosoma mansoni mother sporocyst stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni mother sporocyst stage
The mother sporocyst stage of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in the snail intermediate host.
microgametocyte stage
A gametocyte stage where a cell differentiates into a male sexual form called microgametocyte.
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma haematobium mother sporocyst
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium mother sporocyst
The Schistosoma haematobium sporocyst that produces more sporocysts.
Schistosoma japonicum mother sporocyst
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum mother sporocyst
The Schistosoma japonicum sporocyst that produces more sporocysts.
Plasmodium falciparum trophozoite
P. Parkh, S. Khan, C. Janse
P. falciparum trophozoite
Plasmodium falciparum trophozoite is a feeding form. Depending on its location, it is either called hepatic or erythrocytic trophozoite. The trophozoite stage has only 1 nucleus.
Schistosoma mansoni sporocyst
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni sporocyst
The Schistosoma mansoni sporocyst is an elongated sac that develops from the miracidium within the snail indermediate host, and that either produces more sporocysts or develops into cercariae.
7 week worm stage
A worm stage of development 7 weeks post differentiation into a worm form.
PMID:19885392
Priti Parikh
metacyclic trypomastigote stage
An infectious trypomastigote stage of Trypanosoma species.
Priti Parikh
gametocyte stage
A life cycle stage where a cell differentiates into male or female sexual forms.
Priti Parikh
promastigote stage
One of the developmental stages in the lifecycle of Trypanosomatids. In this stage, the flagellum is found anterior of nucleus and flagellum not attached to the cell body. The kinetoplast is located in front of the nucleus, near the anterior end of the body. (Wikipedia: Trypanosomatid)
Priti Parikh
sporozoite stage
A lifecycle stage of some sporozoans where cells divide through sporogony producing daughter cells called sporozoites that infect new hosts.
Priti Parikh
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/parasites/parpub/text/text/glossarS.htm
ookinete stage
A lifecycle stage of some sporozoans where motile and elongated zygote is formed by the fertilization of the macrogamete during the sexual reproductive phase of the sporozoan life cycle, specifically the malarial parasite Plasmodium.
Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. © 2009, Elsevier. (http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ookinete)
Priti Parikh
Glossina salivary gland
A salivary gland that is a part of or originated from a tsetse fly of genus Glossina.
Priti Parikh
obsolete_Plasmodium falciparum
P. falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum is a protozoan parasite, one of the species of Plasmodium that cause malignant malaria in humans. It is transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito.
Replaced by NCBITaxon term. Definition and axioms were added by OPL developers.
Wikipedia: Plasmodium falciparum
Schistosoma japonicum lifecycle stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
Lifecycle stages of Schistosoma japonicum.
S. japonicum lifecycle stage
Leishmania major amastigote stage
Amastigote stage in the lifecycle of Leishmania major that occurs in vertebrate hosts.
L. major amastigote stage
Priti Parikh
Plasmodium falciparum schizont stage
C. Janse, S. Khan, P. Parkh
P. falciparum schizont stage
Schizont stage, in the P. falciparum lifecycle, occurs in erythrocytes or in hepatocytes.
updated according to OPL terms Plasmodium final excel file from C. Janse, S. Khan
Schistosoma japonicum 3 day schistosomulum stage
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum 3 day schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the definitive host 3 days post-infection.
Leishmania major procyclic promastigote
L. major procyclic promastigote
Leishmania major procyclic promastigote is found in the alimentary tract of an insect vector. It is non-infective to its vertebrate host.
PMID:11748963
Priti Parikh
Plasmodium falciparum zygote
A Plasmodium falciparum zygote is formed after fertilisation of the macrogamete by a microgamete in the midgut of the mosquito vector. This round form is the only diploid stage in the Plasmodium falciparum life cycle.
C. Janse, S. Khan, P. Parkh
P. falciparum zygote
Wikipedia: Plasmodium falciparum biology
Plasmodium falciparum exflagellated microgametocyte
An activated mature Plasmodium falciparum microgametocyte with flagellated motile microgametes still attached to its central body. Exflagellated microgametocyte of Plasmodium falciparum is found in the midgut of a mosquito vector.
Matt Berriman, Priti Parikh
P. falciparum exflagellated microgametocyte
Schistosoma haematobium daughter sporocyst stage
Daughter sporocyst stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs within the snail intermediate host.
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium daughter sporocyst stage
Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote
Priti Parikh
T. cruzi trypomastigote
The Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote is found in the bloodstream of infected vertebrates. It is a non-dividing form that is infectious for its insect vector.
http://dna.kdna.ucla.edu/parasite_course-old/cruzi_files/intro.htm
Plasmodium falciparum lifecycle stage
Lifecycle stages of Plasmodium falciparum.
P. falciparum lifecycle stage
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma haematobium sporocyst
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium sporocyst
The Schistosoma haematobium sporocyst is an elongated sac that develops from the miracidium within the snail indermediate host, and that either produces more sporocysts or develops into cercariae.
Plasmodium falciparum macrogamete
P. falciparum macrogamete
Plasmodium falciparum macrogamete is a matured form of the macrogametocyte and is found in the midgut of a mosquito vector. The macrogamete is fertilized by the microgamete, forming the zygote
Schistosoma mansoni cercaria
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni cercaria
The parasitic larval form of the Schistosoma mansoni worm that develops in a freshwater snail and is released into the water.
Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote stage
Priti Parikh
T. cruzi trypomastigote stage
Trypomastigote stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma cruzi that occurs either in the vertebrate host or an insect vector.
Plasmodium falciparum microgamete stage
Microgamete stage, in the Plasmodium falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the midgut of a mosquito vector.
P. falciparum microgamete stage
Priti Parikh
human parasite role
A parasite role which is realized only during parasitic infection of a human.
Priti Parikh, Chris Stoeckert
previous def was not about a role.
24 hour schistosomulum stage
PMID:19885392
Priti Parikh
The Schistosomulum stage 24 hours after infection of the mammalian host.
hypnozoite stage
In lifecycle stage of some Plasmodium sp., such as Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale, the parasite in the liver cells do not achieve matuaration to a schizont immediately, but remain in a dormant form. This dormant form stage is called hypnozoite stage.
Priti Parikh
Wikipedia: Plasmodium
Plasmodium falciparum microgamete
P. falciparum microgamete
Plasmodium falciparum microgamete is a mature form of exflagellated microgametocyte and is found in the midgut of a mosquito vector. The microgamete fertilises the macrogamete, forming the zygote.
Trypanosoma brucei trypomastigote stage
Priti Parikh
T. brucei trypomastigote stage
Trypomastigote stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma brucei that occurs in the vertebrate host.
Homo sapiens ureter
A ureter that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
FMA:9704
Priti Parikh
human ureter
Schistosoma haematobium lifecycle stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
Lifecycle stages of Schistosoma haematobium.
S. haematobium lifecycle stage
Schistosoma haematobium schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma haematobium that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host and develops into the worm.
Schistosoma japonicum miracidium
A free-living motile form of Schistosoma japonicum, that is covered with cilia, and develops in the snail intermediate host.
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum miracidium
egg stage
Priti Parikh
The life cycle stage of some parasites in which a non-operculate egg emerges from the adult female worm.
http://www.path.cam.ac.uk/~schisto/schistosoma/schisto_lifecycle_egg.html
parasite lifecycle stage
Life cycle stage of a parasite.
Priti Parikh
Trypanosoma brucei trypomastigote
Priti Parikh
T. brucei trypomastigote
Trypomastigote form in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma brucei. In this form the large kinetoplast is postnuclear and is at the most posterior part of the body and the flagellum emerges from the flagellar pocket, and runs along the entire length of the body as an undulating membrane.
http://dna.kdna.ucla.edu/parasite_course-old/african%20tryps%20new_files/contents1.htm
3 week worm stage
A worm stage of development 3 weeks post differentiation into a worm form.
PMID:19885392
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma japonicum mother sporocyst stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum mother sporocyst stage
The mother sporocyst stage of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the snail intermediate host.
Trypanosoma cruzi lifecycle stage
Lifecycle stages of Trypanosoma cruzi.
Priti Parikh
T. cruzi lifecycle stage
Schistosoma japonicum sporocyst stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum sporocyst stage
The sporocyst stage of Schistosoma japonicum that is found within the snail intermediate host.
Plasmodium falciparum ookinete stage
Ookinete stage, in the Plasmodium falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the midgut of a mosquito vector and on the outside of the midgut.
P. falciparum ookinete stage
Priti Parikh
Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream trypomastigote stage
Bloodstream trypomastigote stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma brucei.
Priti Parikh
T. brucei bloodstream trypomastigote stage
Leishmania major promastigote stage
L. major promastigote stage
Priti Parikh
Promastigote stage in the lifecycle of Leishmania major.
Plasmodium falciparum hepatic schizont
P. falciparum hepatic schizont
Plasmodium falciparum schizont that is found in infected hepatocytes (i.e., liver cells) of a vertebrate host.
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma mansoni daughter sporocyst
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni daughter sporocyst
The Schistosoma mansoni sporocyst that develops into cercariae.
Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte stage
Gametocyte stage in the lifecycle of Plasmodium falciparum.
P. falciparum gametocyte stage
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma japonicum 3 hour schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. japonicum 3 hour schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the definitive host 3 hours post-infection.
Phlebotominae midgut
A midgut that is a part of or originated from a sand fly of genus Phlebotominae.
Priti Parikh
Schistosoma japonicum 24 hour schistosomulum stage
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum 24 hour schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the definitive host 24 hours post-infection.
Shcistosoma mansoni mother sporocyst
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni mother sporocyst
The Schistosoma mansoni sporocyst that produces more sporocysts.
Schistosoma haematobium schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium schistosomulum stage
The schistosomulum stage of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs in the definitive host and is followed by the worm stage.
Schistosoma haematobium adult male worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium adult male worm
The fully developed mature male form of Schistosoma haematobium, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host and has 4-5 testes.
http://www.path.cam.ac.uk/~schisto/schistosoma/schisto_lifecycle_egg.html
Plasmodium falciparum zygote stage
P. falciparum zygote stage
Priti Parikh
The zygote stage, in the P. falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the midgut of the mosquito vector where a microgamete and a macrogamete fertilizes each other to produce a diploid cell.
Wikipedia: Plasmodium falciparum biology
Schistosoma haematobium egg
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium egg
The egg of Schistosoma haematobium, which is laid by the female adult worm and released into the host gut where they leave the host in the faeces.
Schistosoma haematobium 6 day schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium 6 day schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma haematobium that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 6 days post-infection.
Schistosoma haematobium 3 week worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. haematobium 3 week worm stage
The worm stage of Schistosoma haematobium that is found in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host 3 weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni lifecycle stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
Lifecycle stages of Schistosoma mansoni.
S. mansoni lifecycle stage
Leishmania major amastigote
L. major amastigote
Leishmania major amastigote is the intracellular, non-motile form of the parasite found in the vertebrate host.
Priti Parikh
http://dna.kdna.ucla.edu/parasite_course-old/leish_files/introduction1.htm
Schistosoma haematobium 3 day schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium 3 day schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma haematobium that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 3 days post-infection.
Plasmodium falciparum macrogametocyte
Female gametocyte of P. falciparum that is found either in bloodstream of the vertebrate host or midgut of mosquito vector. The macrogametocyte is a precursor of the macrogamete.
P. falciparum macrogametocyte
S. Khan, C. Janse, P. Parkh, C. Stoeckert
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic trophozoite stage
Erythrocytic trophozoite stage, in the P. falciparum life cycle, occurs in erythrocytes.
P. Parkh, S. Khan, C. Janse
P. falciparum erythrocytic trophozoite stage
Schistosoma mansoni miracidium
A free-living motile form of Schistosoma mansoni that is covered with cilia and develops in the snail intermediate host.
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni miracidium
Leishmania major lifecycle stage
L. major lifecycle stage
Lifecycle stages of Leishmania major.
Priti Parikh
Schistosma mansoni cercaria stage
Cercaria stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in a freshwater snail and in fresh water.
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni cercaria stage
Schistosoma mansoni worm stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni worm stage
The mature stage of Schistosoma mansoni that is found in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma haematobium mother sporocyst stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
Mother sporocyst stage in the lifecycle of Schistosoma haematobium that occurs in the snail intermediate host.
S. haematobium mother sporocyst stage
vesical venus plexus
Priti Parikh
The vesical plexus envelops the lower part of the bladder and the base of the prostate and communicates with the pudendal and prostatic plexuses.
Wikipedia - Vesical venus plexus
mother sporocyst stage
A larval stage of Digenea formed after penetration of the miracidium into a mollusc; it lacks a gut and gives rise asexually to daughter sporocysts or rediae.
Priti Parikh
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/parasites/parpub/text/text/glossarM.htm
Glossina midgut
A midgut that is a part of or originated from a tsetse fly of genus Glossina.
Priti Parikh
Trypanosoma brucei epimastigote stage
Epimastigote stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma brucei.
Priti Parikh
T. brucei epimastigote stage
Schistosoma mansoni 7 week worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. mansoni 7 week worm stage
The mature stage of Schistosoma mansoni that is found in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host 7 weeks after weeks after infection of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni 6day schistosomulum
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni 6day schistosomulum
The migratory larval form of Schistosoma mansoni that is found within blood vessels of the definitive host 6 days post-infection.
Homo sapiens urinary bladder
A urinary bladder that is a part of or originated from a human (Homo sapiens).
FMA:15900
Priti Parikh
human bladder
human urinary bladder
Schistosoma mansoni daughter sporocyst stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni daughter sporocyst stage
The daughter sporocyst stage of Schistosoma mansoni that occurs in the snail intermediate host.
3 day schistosomulum stage
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
PMID:19885392
The Schistosomulum stage 3 days after infection of the mammalian host.
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic ring trophozoite
P. Parkh, S. Khan, C. Janse
P. falciparum erythrocytic ring trophozoite
Plasmodium falciparum ring trophozoite is found in erythrocytes. It is a young trophozoite stage that has a typical 'ring-like' appearance. Ring-form trophozoites of Plasmodium falciparum are often thin and delicate, measuring on average 1/5 the diameter of the red blood cell.
http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/html/frames/m-r/malaria/falciparum/body_malariadffalcring.htm
Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigote stage
Epimastigote stage in the lifecycle of Trypanosoma cruzi.
Priti Parikh
T. cruzi epimastigote stage
Schistosoma japonicum adult female worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum adult female worm stage
The fully developed mature female stage of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma japonicum adult male worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum adult male worm stage
The fully developed mature male stage of Schistosoma japonicum that occurs in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma japonicum adult worm
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum adult worm
The fully developed mature form of Schistosoma japonicum, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni adult worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni adult worm
The fully developed mature form of Schistosoma mansoni, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma haematobium adult male worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. haematobium adult male worm stage
The fully developed mature male stage of Schistosoma haematobium that is found in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma japonicum adult male worm
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum adult male worm
The fully developed mature male form of Schistosoma japonicum, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host and has 4-5 testes.
Schistosoma mansoni adult male worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. mansoni adult male worm stage
The fully developed mature male stage of Schistosoma mansoni that is found in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni adult female worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni adult female worm
The fully developed mature female form of Schistosoma mansoni, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives within the gynacophoric canal of the adult male worm in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host.
parasite organism
An organism living in, with, or on another organism in parasitism. Individual members of parasite species, such as Leishmania, Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, etc. are members of this class.
Priti Parikh
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/parasite?show=0&t=1310398415
Schistosoma haematobium adult worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium adult worm
The fully developed mature form of Schistosoma haematobium, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma haematobium adult female worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. haematobium adult female worm stage
The fully developed mature female stage of Schistosoma haematobium that is found in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma haematobium adult female worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. haematobium adult female worm
The fully developed mature female form of Schistosoma haematobium, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives within the gynacophoric canal of the adult male worm in the pelvic blood vessels of the vesicle plexis of the mammalian host.
Schistosoma mansoni adult female worm stage
Priti Parikh
S. mansoni adult female worm stage
The fully developed mature female stage of Schistosoma mansoni that is found in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host.
adult worm stage
A worm stage where the worm is matured and ready to pair up with another adult worm of the opposite gender, and reproduce.
Priti Parikh
http://www.path.cam.ac.uk/~schisto/schistosoma/schisto_lifecycle_egg.html
Schistosoma japonicum adult female worm
Priti Parikh
S. japonicum adult female worm
The fully developed mature female form of Schistosoma japonicum, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives within the gynacophoric canal of the adult male worm in the small superior mesenteric blood vessels associated with the ileo-caecal area of the intestine of the mammalian host.
adult male worm stage
An adult worm stage of a male worm.
Priti Parikh
http://www.path.cam.ac.uk/~schisto/schistosoma/schisto_lifecycle_egg.html
Schistosoma mansoni adult male worm
Flora Logan, Anna Protasio
S. mansoni adult male worm
The fully developed mature male form of Schistosoma mansoni, capable of sexual reproduction, which lives in the small inferior mesenteric blood vessels surrounding the large intestine of the mammalian host and has 4-5 testes.
Plasmodium falciparum hepatic merozoite
P. falciparum hepatic merozoite
Plasmodium falciparum hepatic merozoites are produced in a hepatic schizont and are released into the bloodstream of a vertebrate host. These forms invade erythrocytes.
S. Khan, C. Janse
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic merozoite
P. falciparum erythrocytic merozoite
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic merozoites are produced in a erythrocytic schizont and are released into the bloodstream of a vertebrate host. These forms invade erythrocytes.
S. Khan, C. Janse
erythrocytic trophozoite stage
A trophozoite stage, in some protozoan parasite life cycle, which occurs in erythrocytes.
C. Stoeckert
definition adapted from that for P. falciparum erythrocytic trophozoite stage and parent trophozoite stage
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic trophozoite
P. falciparum erythrocytic trophozoite
Plasmodium falciparum trophozoite that is found in erythrocytes. It is a feeding stage with a single nucleus.
S. Khan, C. Janse
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic merozoite stage
Erythrocytic merozoite stage, in the Plasmodium falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the bloodstream of a vertebrate host.
P. falciparum erythrocytic merozoite stage
S. Khan, C. Janse
Plasmodium falciparum hepatic merozoite stage
Hepatic merozoite stage in the P. falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the hepatocyte of a vertebrate host.
P. falciparum hepatic merozoite stage
S. Khan, C. Janse
hepatic merozoite stage
A merozoite stage in the Plasmodium lifecycle, occurring in the hepatocyte of a vertebrate host.
C. Stoeckert
definition adapted from that for P. falciparum hepatic merozoite stage
erythrocytic merozoite stage
A merozoite stage, in the apicomplexan lifecycle, occurring in the bloodstream of a vertebrate host.
C. Stoeckert
definition adapted from that for P. falciparum salivary erythrocytic merozoite stage and from the general merozoite definition
Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte
P. falciparum gametocyte located either in the bloodstream of the vertebrate host or midgut of mosquito vector. Gametocytes are the precursor cells of the macro- or microgametes
S Khan, C. Janse, K. Louis, C. Stoeckert
broaden definition to cover both vertebrate host and vector.
Plasmodium falciparum hepatic trophozoite stage
P. falciparum hepatic trophozoite stage
S. Khan, C. Janse
Trophozoite stage, in the P. falciparum life cycle, occurs in hepatocytes.
Plasmodium falciparum trophozoite stage
Jie Zheng
P. falciparum trophozoite stage
Plasmodium falciparum oocyst-derived sporozoite stage
S. Khan, C. Janse
Sporozoite stage, in the P. falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the hemocoel and the salivary glands of the mosquito. Sporozoites invade hepatocytes in the vertebrate host.
salivary gland-derived sporozoite stage
C. Stoeckert
Sporozoite stage, in the Plasmodium lifecycle, which occurs in the hemocoel and the salivary glands of the mosquito. Sporozoites invade hepatocytes in the vertebrate host.
definition adapted from that for P. falciparum salivary gland derived sporozoite stage
Plasmodium falciparum salivary gland-derived sporozoite stage
S. Khan, C. Janse
Sporozoite stage, in the P. falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the hemocoel and the salivary glands of the mosquito. Sporozoites invade hepatocytes in the vertebrate host.
Plasmodium falciparum salivary gland-derived sporozoite
P. falciparum salivary gland-derived sporozoite
Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites are formed in the oocyst. They migrate to and resides in the salivary glands of the mosquito vector. A distinction is made between oocyst-derived and salivary gland-derived sporozoites. Sporozoites invade hepatocytes In the vertebrate host.
S. Khan, C. Janse
oocyst-derived sporozoite stage
C. Stoeckert
Sporozoite stage, in some lifecycle, which occurs in the hemocoel and the salivary glands of the mosquito. Sporozoites invade hepatocytes in the vertebrate host.
definition adapted from that for P. falciparum oocyte derived sporozoite stage
Plasmodium falciparum hepatic trophozoite
P. falciparum hepatic trophozoite
Plasmodium falciparum trophozoite that is found in hepatocytes. It is a feeding stage with a single nucleus
S. Khan, C. Janse
Plasmodium falciparum gamete
P. falciparum gamete
P. falciparum gametes that are found in midgut of mosquito vector. There are two forms of gametes: micro- and macrogametocytes.
S. Khan, C. Janse
Plasmodium falciparum oocyst-derived sporozoite
P. falciparum oocyst-derived sporozoite
Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites are formed in the oocyst. They migrate to and resides in the salivary glands of the mosquito vector. A distinction is made between oocyst-derived and salivary gland-derived sporozoites.
S. Khan, C. Janse
gamete stage
hepatic trophozoite stage
A trophozoite stage, in some protozoan parasite life cycle, which occurs in hepatocytes.
C. Stoeckert
definition adapted from that for P. falciparum hepatic trophozoite stage and from parent trophozoite stage
Plasmodium falciparum gamete stage
Gamete stage, in the Plasmodium falciparum lifecycle, occurs in the midgut of a mosquito vector.
P. falciparum gamete stage
S. Khan, C. Janse
asexual lifecycle in host red blood cell stage
asexual blood stage
EuPathDB
Person: Chris Stoeckert
A parasite lifecycle stage that occurs as a result of asexual replication in the red blood cells of the host organism. For Plasmodium species these stages can include merozoites, trophozoites, and schizonts.
ureter
The ureter is one of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the kidney pelvis to the urinary bladder[GO]. Muscular duct that propels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, or related organs. In humans, organ with organ cavity which connects the renal sinus to the urinary bladder. Examples: There are only two ureters, the right and the left ureters.
Wikipedia:Ureter
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
life cycle stage
A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism.
UBERON:cjm
developmental stage
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
zygote stage
1-cell stage
A stage at which the organism is a single cell produced by means of sexual reproduction.
Wikipedia:Zygote
fertilized egg stage
one cell stage
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
intestine
GOC:GO
Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine.
Wikipedia:Intestine
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
blood
Circulating body substance which consists of blood plasma and hemoglobin-carrying red blood cells. Excludes blood analogues (see UBERON:0000179 haemolymphatic fluid).
FMA:9670
Wikipedia:Blood
blood
portion of blood
whole blood
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
salivary gland
GO:000743
Wikipedia:Salivary_gland
saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]. The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands, glands with ducts, that produce saliva. They also secrete amylase, an enzyme that breaks down starch into maltose. In other organisms such as insects, salivary glands are often used to produce biologically important proteins like silk or glues, and fly salivary glands contain polytene chromosomes that have been useful in genetic research[WP].
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
midgut
GO:0007494
Middle subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. In vertebrates: The middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine[GO]. In humans: originates from the foregut at the opening of the bile duct into the duodenum and continues through the small intestine and much of the large intestine until the transition to the hindgut about two-thirds of the way through the transverse colon. That part of the alimentary canal which lies between the gizzard and the hind intestine.
Wikipedia:Midgut
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
hindgut
Posterior subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM].
Wikipedia:Hindgut
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
urinary bladder
FMA:15900
Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the right and left ureters and distally with the urethra.
Wikipedia:Urinary_bladder
bladder
excretory canal
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
cerebrospinal fluid
CSF
FMA:FMA
Transudate contained in the subarachnoid space.
Wikipedia:Cerebrospinal_fluid
cerebral spinal fluid
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
lung
BTO:0000763
Respiration organ present in all air-breathing animals whose principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere.
Wikipedia:Lung
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
skin of body
FMA:7163
Nonparenchymatous organ that consists of the dermis and epidermis. Subdivisions of the skin surround various body parts; as a whole, the skin constitutes the external layer of the body. Examples: There is only one skin[FMA]. Surface structure that consists of the external membranous integument of the animal.
OMD:skin
Wikipedia:Skin
entire skin
skin
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
liver
An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO].
BTO:0000759
Wikipedia:Liver
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
mesenteric vein
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl
hepatopancreas
Digestive gland of crustaceans with functions approximately analogous to liver and pancreas of vertebrates - enzyme secretion, food absorption and storage.
The Dictionary of Cell and Molecular Biology:Third Edition
midgut gland
http://purl.org/obo/owl/BTO
proboscis
1: The trunk of an elephant; also: any long flexible snout.n2: Any of various elongated or extensible tubular processes as the sucking organ of a butterfly of the oral region of an invertebrate.
http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=proboscis
http://purl.org/obo/owl/BTO
DbXref
Definition
Obsolete Class
Obsolete Class
Subset
Synonym
SynonymType
entity
continuant
Definition: An entity [bfo:Entity] that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
Examples: a heart, a person, the color of a tomato, the mass of a cloud, a symphony orchestra, the disposition of blood to coagulate, the lawn and atmosphere in front of our building
Synonyms: endurant
dependent_continuant
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is either dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers or inheres in or is borne by other entities.
disposition
Definition: A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] that essentially causes a specific process or transformation in the object [snap:Object] in which it inheres, under specific circumstances and in conjunction with the laws of nature. A general formula for dispositions is: X (object [snap:Object] has the disposition D to (transform, initiate a process) R under conditions C.
Examples: the disposition of vegetables to decay when not refrigerated, the disposition of a vase to brake if dropped, the disposition of blood to coagulate, the disposition of a patient with a weakened immune system to contract disease, the disposition of metal to conduct electricity.
fiat_object_part
Definition: A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is part of an object [snap:Object] but is not demarcated by any physical discontinuities.
Examples: upper and lower lobes of the left lung, the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body, the east side of Saarbruecken, the lower right portion of a human torso
Synonyms: fiat substance part
function
Definition: A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] the manifestation of which is an essentially end-directed activity of a continuant [snap:Continuant] entity in virtue of that continuant [snap:Continuant] entity being a specific kind of entity in the kind or kinds of contexts that it is made for.
Examples: the function of a birth canal to enable transport, the function of the heart in the body: to pump blood, to receive de-oxygenated and oxygenated blood, etc., the function of reproduction in the transmission of genetic material, the digestive function of the stomach to nutriate the body, the function of a hammer to drive in nails, the function of a computer program to compute mathematical equations, the function of an automobile to provide transportation, the function of a judge in a court of law
generically_dependent_continuant
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time.
Examples: a certain PDF file that exists in different and in several hard drives
independent_continuant
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is a bearer of quality [snap:Quality] and realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
Examples: an organism, a heart, a leg, a person, a symphony orchestra, a chair, the bottom right portion of a human torso, the lawn and atmosphere in front of our building
Synonyms: substantial entity
material_entity
Definition: An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. Note: Material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] subsumes object [snap:Object], fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart], and object aggregate [snap:ObjectAggregate], which assume a three level theory of granularity, which is inadequate for some domains, such as biology.
Examples: collection of random bacteria, a chair, dorsal surface of the body
object
Definition: A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is spatially extended, maximally self-connected and self-contained (the parts of a substance are not separated from each other by spatial gaps) and possesses an internal unity. The identity of substantial object [snap:Object] entities is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
Examples: an organism, a heart, a chair, a lung, an apple
Synonyms: substance
object_aggregate
Definition: A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is a mereological sum of separate object [snap:Object] entities and possesses non-connected boundaries.
Examples: a heap of stones, a group of commuters on the subway, a collection of random bacteria, a flock of geese, the patients in a hospital
Synonyms: substance aggregate
object_boundary
Comment: Boundaries are theoretically difficult entities to account for, however the intuitive notion of a physical boundary as a surface of some sort (whether inside or outside of a thing) will generally serve as a good guide for the use of this universal.
Definition: An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] that is a lower dimensional part of a spatial entity, normally a closed two-dimensional surface. Boundaries are those privileged parts of object [snap:Object] entities that exist at exactly the point where the object [snap:Object] is separated off from the rest of the existing entities in the world.
Examples: the surface of the skin, the surface of the earth, the surface of the interior of the stomach, the outer surface of a cell or cell wall
Synonyms: substance boundary
one_dimensional_region
Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with one dimension.
Examples: the part of space that is a line stretching from one end of absolute space to the other, an edge of a cube-shaped part of space
quality
Definition: A specifically dependent continuant [snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant] that is exhibited if it inheres in an entity or entities at all (a categorical property).
Examples: the color of a tomato, the ambient temperature of air, the circumference of a waist, the shape of a nose, the mass of a piece of gold, the weight of a chimpanzee
realizable_entity
Comment: If a realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] inheres in a continuant [snap:Continuant], this does not imply that it is actually realized.
Definition: A specifically dependent continuant [snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant] that inheres in continuant [snap:Continuant] entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
Examples: the role of being a doctor, the function of the reproductive organs, the disposition of blood to coagulate, the disposition of metal to conduct electricity
role
Definition: A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant [snap:Continuant] in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant [snap:Continuant] in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
Examples: the role of a person as a surgeon, the role of a chemical compound in an experiment, the role of a patient relative as defined by a hospital administrative form, the role of a woman as a legal mother in the context of system of laws, the role of a biological grandfather as legal guardian in the context of a system of laws, the role of ingested matter in digestion, the role of a student in a university
site
Comment: An instance of Site [snap:Site] is a mixture of independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities which act as surrounding environments for other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities, most importantly for instances of object [snap:Object]. A site [snap:Site] is typically made of object [snap:Object] or fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart] entities and a surrounding medium in which is found an object [snap:Object] occupying the site [snap:Site]. Independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities may be associated with others (which, then, are site [snap:Site] entities) through a relation of "occupation". That relation is connected to, but distinct from, the relation of spatial location. Site [snap:Site] entities are not to be confused with spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities. In BFO, site [snap:Site] allows for a so-called relational view of space which is different from the view corresponding to the class spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] (see the comment on this class).
Definition: An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] consisting of a characteristic spatial shape in relation to some arrangement of other continuant [snap:Continuant] entities and of the medium which is enclosed in whole or in part by this characteristic spatial shape. Site [snap:Site] entities are entities that can be occupied by other continuant [snap:Continuant] entities.
Examples: a particular room in a particular hospital, Maria's nostril or her intestines for a variety of bacteria.
spatial_region
Comment: All instances of continuant [snap:Continuant] are spatial entities, that is, they enter in the relation of (spatial) location with spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities. As a particular case, the exact spatial location of a spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] is this region itself.
Comment: An instance of spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] is a part of space. All parts of space are spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities and only spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities are parts of space. Space is the entire extent of the spatial universe, a designated individual, which is thus itself a spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion].
Comment: Space and spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities are entities in their own rights which exist independently of any entities which can be located at them. This view of space is sometimes called "absolutist" or "the container view". In BFO, the class site [snap:Site] allows for a so-called relational view of space, that is to say, a view according to which spatiality is a matter of relative location between entities and not a matter of being tied to space. The bridge between these two views is secured through the fact that while instances of site [snap:Site] are not spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities, they are nevertheless spatial entities.
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is neither bearer of quality [snap:Quality] entities nor inheres in any other entities.
Examples: the sum total of all space in the universe, parts of the sum total of all space in the universe
specifically_dependent_continuant
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
Examples: the mass of a cloud, the smell of mozzarella, the liquidity of blood, the color of a tomato, the disposition of fish to decay, the role of being a doctor, the function of the heart in the body: to pump blood, to receive de-oxygenated and oxygenated blood, etc.
Synonyms: property, trope, mode
three_dimensional_region
Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with three dimensions.
Examples: a cube-shaped part of space, a sphere-shaped part of space
two_dimensional_region
Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with two dimensions.
Examples: the surface of a cube-shaped part of space, the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space, the surface of a rectilinear planar figure-shaped part of space
zero_dimensional_region
Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with no dimensions.
Examples: a point
connected_spatiotemporal_region
Definition: A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has temporal and spatial dimensions such that all points within the spatiotemporal region are mediately or immediately connected to all other points within the same spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion].
Examples: the spatial and temporal location of an individual organism's life, the spatial and temporal location of the development of a fetus
connected_temporal_region
Definition: A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which.
Examples: the 1970s years, the time from the beginning to the end of a heart attack, the time taken up by cellular meiosis
fiat_process_part
Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is part of a process but that does not have bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities.
Examples: chewing during a meal, the middle part of a rainstorm, the worst part of a heart-attack, the most interesting part of Van Gogh's life
occurrent
Definition: An entity [bfo:Entity] that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants.
Examples: the life of an organism, a surgical operation as processual context for a nosocomical infection, the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis, the most interesting part of Van Gogh's life, the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
Synonyms: perdurant
process
Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is a maximally connected spatiotemporal whole and has bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities.
Examples: the life of an organism, the process of sleeping, the process of cell-division
process_aggregate
Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is a mereological sum of process [span:Process] entities and possesses non-connected boundaries.
Examples: the beating of the hearts of each of seven individuals in the room, the playing of each of the members of an orchestra, a process of digestion and a process of thinking taken together
process_boundary
Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is the fiat or bona fide instantaneous temporal process boundary.
Examples: birth, death, the forming of a synapse, the onset of REM sleep, the detaching of a finger in an industrial accident, the final separation of two cells at the end of cell-division, the incision at the beginning of a surgery
processual_context
Comment: An instance of a processual context [span:ProcessualContext] is a mixture of processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] which stand as surrounding environments for other processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] entities. The class processual context [span:ProcessualContext] is the analogous among occurrent [span:Occurrent] entities to the class site [snap:Site] among continuant [snap:Continuant] entities.
Definition: An occurrent [span:Occurrent] consisting of a characteristic spatial shape inhering in some arrangement of other occurrent [span:Occurrent] entities. Processual context [span:ProcessualContext] entities are characteristically entities at or in which other occurrent [span:Occurrent] entities can be located or occur.
Examples: The processual context for a given manipulation occurring as part of an experiment is made of processual entities which occur in parallel, are not necessarily all parts of the experiment themselves and may involve continuant [snap:Continuant] entities which are in the spatial vicinity of the participants in the experiment.
processual_entity
Definition: An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity.
Examples: the life of an organism, the process of meiosis, the course of a disease, the flight of a bird
scattered_spatiotemporal_region
Definition: A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has spatial and temporal dimensions and every spatial and temporal point of which is not connected with every other spatial and temporal point of which.
Examples: the space and time occupied by the individual games of the World Cup, the space and time occupied by the individual liaisons in a romantic affair
scattered_temporal_region
Definition: A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is not mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which.
Examples: the time occupied by the individual games of the World Cup, the time occupied by the individual liaisons in a romantic affair
spatiotemporal_instant
Definition: A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] at a specific moment.
Examples: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a single instantaneous temporal slice (part) of a process
spatiotemporal_interval
Definition: A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] that endures for more than a single moment of time.
Examples: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process or by a fiat processual part
spatiotemporal_region
Comment: All instances of occurrent [span:Occurrent] are spatiotemporal entities, that is, they enter in the relation of (spatiotemporal) location with spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities. As a particular case, the exact spatiotemporal location of a spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] is this region itself.
Comment: An instance of the spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] is a part of spacetime. All parts of spacetime are spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities and only spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities are parts of spacetime. In particular, neither spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities nor temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities are in BFO parts of spacetime. Spacetime is the entire extent of the spatiotemporal universe, a designated individual, which is thus itself a spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion]. Spacetime is among occurrents the analogous of space among continuant [snap:Continuant] entities.
Comment: Spacetime and spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities are entities in their own rights which exist independently of any entities which can be located at them. This view of spacetime can be called "absolutist" or "the container view". In BFO, the class processual context [span:ProcessualContext] allows for a so-called relational view of spacetime, that is to say, a view according to which spatiotemporality is a matter of relative location between entities and not a matter of being tied to spacetime. In BFO, the bridge between these two views is secured through the fact that instances of processual context [span:ProcessualContext] are too spatiotemporal entities.
Definition: An occurrent [span:Occurrent] at or in which processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] entities can be located.
Examples: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life, the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor, the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis
temporal_instant
Definition: A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] comprising a single moment of time.
Examples: right now, the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident, the moment at which a child is born, the moment of death
temporal_interval
Definition: A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] lasting for more than a single moment of time.
Examples: any continuous temporal duration during which a process occurs
temporal_region
Comment: All instances of occurrent [span:Occurrent] are temporal entities, that is, they enter in the relation of (temporal) location with temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities. As a particular case, the exact spatiotemporal location of a temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] is this region itself. Continuant [snap:Continuant] entities are not temporal entities in the technical sense just explained; they are related to time in a different way, not through temporal location but through a relation of existence at a time or during a period of time (see continuant [snap:Continuant].
Comment: An instance of temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] is a part of time. All parts of time are temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities and only temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities are parts of time. Time is the entire extent of the temporal universe, a designated individual, which is thus a temporal region itself.
Comment: Time and temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities are entities in their own rights which exist independently of any entities which can be located at them. This view of time can be called "absolutist" or "the container view" in analogy to what is traditionally the case with space (see spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion].
Definition: An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that is part of time.
Examples: the time it takes to run a marathon, the duration of a surgical procedure, the moment of death
example to be eventually removed
metadata complete
Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete.
placeholder
This isn't a class that OBI will keep - it's a placeholder for edits that are underway. The class name should start with an underscore
ready for release
Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next OBI release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release."
metadata incomplete
Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors.
uncurated
Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term.
pending final vetting
All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the definition editor.
core
Core is an instance of a grouping of terms from an ontology or ontologies. It is used by OBI to identify main classes.
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
placeholder removed
terms merged
An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge.
term imported
This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use.
term split
This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created.
other
This is to be used if none of the existing instances cover the reason for obsolescence. An editor note should indicate this new reason.
We expect to be able to mine these new reasons and add instances as required.