format-version: 1.2 ontology: uberon/subsets/appendicular-minimal.obo owl-axioms: Prefix(owl:=)\nPrefix(rdf:=)\nPrefix(xml:=)\nPrefix(xsd:=)\nPrefix(rdfs:=)\n\n\nOntology(\nEquivalentClasses( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))\n) [Term] id: CL:0002157 name: endosteal cell namespace: cell def: "A cell type that makes up the highly vascular membrane lining the marrow cavity of long bones." [FMA:0618947256, GOC:tfm] xref: FMA:86495 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009859 ! endosteum created_by: tmeehan creation_date: 2010-08-24T03:33:58Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000061 name: anatomical structure namespace: uberon def: "Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome." [CARO:0000003] subset: upper_level synonym: "biological structure" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010825 xref: AEO:0000003 xref: BILA:0000003 xref: CARO:0000003 xref: EHDAA2:0003003 xref: FBbt:00007001 xref: FMA:67135 xref: GAID:781 xref: HAO:0000003 xref: MA:0003000 xref: MESH:A13 xref: SCTID:362889002 xref: TAO:0000037 xref: TGMA:0001823 xref: VHOG:0001759 xref: XAO:0003000 xref: ZFA:0000037 is_a: UBERON:0000465 ! material anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0000144 name: trochlea of humerus namespace: uberon def: "The medial portion of the articular surface of the humerus is named the trochlea, and presents a deep depression between two well-marked borders; it is convex from before backward, concave from side to side, and occupies the anterior, lower, and posterior parts of the extremity. It is directly inferior to the most prominent anterior humeral fossia, the Coronoid fossia. It articulates with the ulna." [Wikipedia:Trochlea_of_humerus] synonym: "humeral trochlea" EXACT [FMA:23370] xref: FMA:23370 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Trochleahumeri.png xref: SCTID:282817004 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0000199 name: neck of radius namespace: uberon def: "the narrow part of the shaft of the radius just below the head." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=58913] synonym: "radial neck" EXACT [FMA:23479] xref: FMA:23479 xref: galen:NeckOfRadius xref: SCTID:181942005 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004413 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of radius [Term] id: UBERON:0000313 name: tibial cartilage namespace: uberon def: "Cartilage pertaining to the tibia." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] comment: TODO synonym: "cartilage of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33923] xref: BTO:0000207 xref: FMA:33923 is_a: UBERON:0007391 {is_inferred="true"} ! pelvic appendage cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0000465 name: material anatomical entity namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical entity that has mass." [CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010264 xref: AEO:0000006 xref: BILA:0000006 xref: CARO:0000006 xref: EHDAA2:0003006 xref: FBbt:00007016 xref: FMA:67165 xref: HAO:0000006 xref: TAO:0001836 xref: TGMA:0001826 xref: VHOG:0001721 is_a: UBERON:0001062 ! anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0000477 name: anatomical cluster namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another." [CARO:MAH] subset: disjointness_axiom_removed subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010009 xref: AEO:0000041 xref: BILA:0000041 xref: CARO:0000041 xref: EHDAA2:0003041 xref: FBbt:00007277 xref: FMA:49443 xref: HAO:0000041 xref: TADS:0000605 xref: TAO:0001478 xref: TGMA:0001842 xref: VHOG:0001737 xref: XAO:0003160 xref: ZFA:0001478 is_a: UBERON:0000480 ! anatomical group [Term] id: UBERON:0000480 name: anatomical group namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue." [CARO:0000054, CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010008 xref: AEO:0000054 xref: BILA:0000054 xref: CARO:0000054 xref: EHDAA2:0003054 xref: HAO:0000054 xref: TAO:0001512 xref: TGMA:0001846 xref: VHOG:0001724 xref: XAO:0003001 xref: ZFA:0001512 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000976 name: humerus namespace: uberon def: "Paired endochondral long bone that extends between the pectoral girdle and the skeletal parts of the forelimb. [PHENOSCAPE:mah]" [AAO:0000679, PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Humerus] comment: homologous to proximal metapterygial mesomere of pectoral appendage [Hall 2007] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "humeri" EXACT PLURAL [PHENOSCAPE:ad] synonym: "humerus bone" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000679 xref: EFO:0001398 xref: EMAPA:18468 xref: EMAPA:19106 xref: FMA:13303 xref: GAID:183 xref: galen:Humerus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg/200px-Illu_upper_extremity.jpg xref: MA:0001356 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.412 xref: ncithesaurus:Humerus xref: SCTID:181923006 xref: UMLS:C0020164 xref: VHOG:0001158 xref: XAO:0003210 is_a: UBERON:0002495 {source="FMA"} ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003607 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004250 {is_inferred="true"} ! upper arm bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006245 {evidence="definitional"} ! humerus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 {source="FMA"} ! forelimb skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that extend from the pectoral girdle to the elbows.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000679", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001158", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "humeral" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0000979 name: tibia namespace: uberon def: "The major preaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Tibia] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "shankbone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tibia] synonym: "shinbone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tibia] xref: AAO:0000890 xref: BTO:0001252 xref: EFO:0003054 xref: EMAPA:19142 xref: FMA:24476 xref: GAID:204 xref: galen:Tibia xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Gray260.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gray260.png/200px-Gray260.png xref: MA:0001361 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.883 xref: ncithesaurus:Tibia xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtq3-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182061009 xref: UMLS:C0040184 is_a: UBERON:0002495 {source="FMA"} ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003608 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004251 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb zeugopod bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010849 ! tibia cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the hind-epipodium; it is a straight, simple bone whose section is more or less rectangular at the ends and circular at its central portion.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000890", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000980 name: trochanter namespace: uberon def: "bony prominences near the upper extremity of the femur; there are two in human (greater and lesser trochanters) and three in many other mammalian species (greater, lesser and third); these normally serve as attachment points for hip and thigh muscles[MP]" [Wikipedia:Trochanter] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "femoral trochanter" EXACT [AAO:0000897] synonym: "trochanter of femur" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000897 xref: FMA:82513 xref: MA:0002821 xref: ncithesaurus:Trochanter xref: SCTID:182047004 xref: UMLS:C0162370 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 {source="MA"} ! femur property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Process on the ventral surface of the shaft of the femur.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000897", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000981 name: femur namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium skeleton.[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0000186, Wikipedia:Femur] comment: homologous to proximal metapterygial mesomere of pelvic appendage [Hall 2007]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "femoral bone" RELATED [BTO:0001284] synonym: "os femorale" RELATED [BTO:0001284] synonym: "os femoris" RELATED [BTO:0001284] synonym: "os femoris, os longissimum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femur] synonym: "thigh bone" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000889 xref: BTO:0001284 xref: EFO:0001396 xref: EMAPA:18514 xref: EMAPA:19143 xref: FMA:9611 xref: GAID:199 xref: galen:Femur xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Gray252.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gray252.png/200px-Gray252.png xref: MA:0001359 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.247 xref: ncithesaurus:Femur xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjOJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182046008 xref: UMLS:C0015811 xref: VHOG:0001159 xref: VSAO:0000186 xref: XAO:0003214 is_a: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003608 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0003826 {is_inferred="true"} ! upper leg bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010129 {evidence="definitional"} ! femur cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 {source="FMA"} ! hindlimb skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000186", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that form the thighs, extending from the pelvic girdles to the knees.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000889", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001159", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "femoral" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001010 name: diaphysis of ulna namespace: uberon def: "The body of the ulna at its upper part is prismatic in form, and curved so as to be convex behind and lateralward; its central part is straight; its lower part is rounded, smooth, and bent a little lateralward. It tapers gradually from above downward, and has three borders and three surfaces." [Wikipedia:Body_of_ulna] synonym: "body of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33760] synonym: "corpus ulnae" EXACT [FMA:33760] synonym: "shaft of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33760] synonym: "shaft of ulna" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_ulna] synonym: "supinator crest" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_ulna] synonym: "ulnar diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33760] xref: FMA:33760 xref: SCTID:302520004 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0001012 name: head of radius namespace: uberon def: "The head of the radius has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the capitulum (or capitellum) of the humerus. The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the radial notch of the ulna, narrow in the rest of its extent, which is embraced by the annular ligament. The deepest point in the fovea is not axi-symmetric with the long axis of the radius, creating a cam effect during pronation and supination[WP]." [Wikipedia:Head_of_radius] synonym: "caput radii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_radius] synonym: "radial head" EXACT [FMA:33773] xref: FMA:33773 xref: galen:HeadOfRadius xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Gray214.png xref: SCTID:181941003 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004413 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of radius [Term] id: UBERON:0001028 name: diaphysis of radius namespace: uberon def: "A diaphysis that is part of a radius bone[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Body_of_radius] synonym: "body of radius" EXACT [FMA:33782] synonym: "corpus radii" EXACT [FMA:33782] synonym: "radial diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33782] synonym: "radial shaft" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_radius] synonym: "shaft of radius" EXACT [FMA:33782] synonym: "shaft of radius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_radius] xref: FMA:33782 xref: SCTID:302518002 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The body of the radius (or shaft of radius) is prismoid in form, narrower above than below, and slightly curved, so as to be convex lateralward. It presents three borders and three surfaces[Wikipedia:Body_of_radius]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Body_of_radius"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001062 name: anatomical entity namespace: uberon def: "Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species." [CARO:MAH, FMA:62955] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010841 xref: AEO:0000000 xref: BILA:0000000 xref: CARO:0000000 xref: EHDAA2:0002229 xref: FBbt:10000000 xref: FBbt_root:00000000 xref: FMA:62955 xref: HAO:0000000 xref: MA:0000001 xref: ncithesaurus:Anatomic_Structure_System_or_Substance xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_6 xref: TAO:0100000 xref: TGMA:0001822 xref: UMLS:C1515976 xref: ZFA:0100000 [Term] id: UBERON:0001105 name: clavicle namespace: uberon def: "A paired dermal or endochondral bone that is part of the pectoral girdle. The clavicle may be in contact with the interclavicle or coracoid and forms an attachment site for pectoral musculature. [PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Clavicle] comment: Taxon notes: The clavicle first appears as part of the skeleton in primitive bony fish, where it is associated with the pectoral fin; they also have a bone called the cleithrum. In such fish, the paired clavicles run behind and below the gills on each side, and are joined by a solid symphysis on the fish's underside. They are, however, absent in cartilagenous fish and in the vast majority of living bony fish, including all of the teleosts[ISBN 0-03-910284-X] AO Notes: FMA and MA differ in whether they consider this part of the shoulder. Development notes: In most birds and mammals the clavicles are the only dermal elements in the trunk, and is the only membrane bone associated with the pectoral girdle in these taxa. However, there can be secondary cartilage, or subsequent endochondral ossification, or fusion with endochondral elements. In rodents, the lateral ends of the clavicle are endochondral but the main portion is dermal.[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "clavicle bone" EXACT [VSAO:0005031] synonym: "clavicula" EXACT [VSAO:0005031] synonym: "collar bone" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000761 xref: EMAPA:18721 xref: FMA:13321 xref: GAID:182 xref: galen:Clavicle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg/200px-Pectoral_girdles-en.svg.png xref: MA:0001329 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.227 xref: ncithesaurus:Clavicle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjijZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181910004 xref: UMLS:C0008913 xref: VHOG:0000849 xref: VSAO:0005031 is_a: UBERON:0002495 {source="FMA"} ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003461 {source="MA"} ! shoulder bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010905 {editor="mah", source="ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4"} ! clavicle bone primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="FMA", source="VSAO"} ! pectoral girdle skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Slender, paired bones of intramembranous origin that invest the anterior margins of the procoracoids.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000761", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of zonal element (AAO:0000936)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000761", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "In early tetrapods, the connecting skull bone, the posttemporal, and adjoining shoulder bones, supracleithrum and postcleithrum (=anocleithrum), are absent, leaving a dermal shoulder girdle composed of the remaining ventral elements: the paired cleithrum and clavicle, and an unpaired midventral interclavicle that joins both halves of the girdle across the midline. (...) Several dermal elements of the shoulder persist in early synapsids. The clavicle and interclavicle are present in therapsids and monotremes, but in marsupials and placentals, the interclavicle is absent, the clavicle often is reduced in size, and the scapula becomes the predominant shoulder element.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000849", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.330-333 and Figure 9.18", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "clavicular" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001124 name: pectoral limb scapula namespace: uberon def: "In human anatomy, the scapula, omo (Medical Latin), or shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). The scapula forms the posterior (back) located part of the shoulder girdle. In humans, it is a flat bone, roughly triangular in shape, placed on a posterolateral aspect of the thoracic cage. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scapula] comment: Alternate definition: A scapula that is connected to a pectoral limb. Taxon notes: present in all tetrapods with even vestiges of anterior limbs, e.g., turtles & birds & mammals. Development notes: chick scapula is of dual origin and segmentally organized[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "shoulder blade" EXACT [] synonym: "tetrapod scapula" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000751 xref: BTO:0001218 xref: EFO:0001400 xref: EMAPA:18722 xref: FMA:13394 xref: GAID:186 xref: galen:Scapula xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg/200px-Pectoral_girdles-en.svg.png xref: MA:0001330 xref: ncithesaurus:Scapula xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVji0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302517007 xref: UMLS:C0036277 xref: VHOG:0001398 is_a: UBERON:0003461 {is_inferred="true"} ! shoulder bone is_a: UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006290 {evidence="definitional"} ! scapula cartilage condensation property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Paired bony elements of endochondral origin. They are situated at the level of the jaw articulation, in a vertical position, with the suprascapular margin being dorsal and the glenoid end being ventral.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000751", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: has pars glenoidalis of scapula (AAO:0000753)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000751", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000751", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001272 name: innominate bone namespace: uberon def: "A fused bone consisting of the ilium, ischium and and pubis. Together with the sacrum and coccyx, it comprises the pelvis. [WP,modified]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Hip_bone] comment: AO notes: in FMA this is a paired structure. NCITA has 'pelvic bone' but this is the *superclass* of ilium/ischium/pubis. The MA class 'pelvis bone' is actually a superclass of 'pelvic girdle bone' and caudal/sacral vertebra. Taxon notes: The hip/pelvic bone/basipterygium first appears in fishes, where it consists of a simple, usually triangular bone, to which the pelvic fin articulates. The hip bones on each side usually connect with each other at the forward end, and are even solidly fused in lungfishes and sharks, but they never attach to the vertebral column[WP] Editor notes: currently this class is restricted to exclude the teleost bone as the definition mentions ilium, ischium and pubis. In future we may add a grouping class for girdle bones that supports the appendage subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basipterygium" RELATED [] synonym: "bone of pelvic girdle" BROAD [FMA:16585] synonym: "coxal bone" EXACT [FMA:16585] synonym: "hip bone" EXACT [FMA:16585] synonym: "innominate" BROAD [] synonym: "innominate bone" EXACT [FMA:16585] synonym: "os coxae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16585, FMA:TA] synonym: "os innominatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hip_bone] synonym: "pelvic bone" EXACT [FMA:16585] xref: FMA:16585 xref: GAID:205 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray341.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray341.png/200px-Gray341.png xref: MESH:A02.835.232.611 xref: SCTID:361776002 is_a: UBERON:0007830 {is_inferred="true"} ! pelvic girdle bone/zone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001273 name: ilium namespace: uberon def: "Paired endochondral bone that is the dorsal-most of the pelvic bones, offering attachment areas for gluteal muscles on its main surface [PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Ilium_(bone)] comment: Note that this is_a hip bone in MA. Taxon notes: All reptiles have an ilium except snakes, although some snake species have a tiny bone which is considered to be an ilium[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ilium bone" EXACT [] synonym: "illium" RELATED [] synonym: "os iliacum" EXACT [] synonym: "os ilii" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000772 xref: EFO:0003049 xref: FMA:16589 xref: GAID:207 xref: galen:Ilium xref: MA:0001336 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.611.434 xref: ncithesaurus:Ilium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvhwFJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182029005 xref: UMLS:C0020889 is_a: UBERON:0007830 {source="MA"} ! pelvic girdle bone/zone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010714 {source="cjm"} ! iliac cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001272 {source="FMA"} ! innominate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="VSAO"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:8570 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:32443 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Paired, rodlike endochondral bones that constitute the anterior pelvic girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000772", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "iliac" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001274 name: ischium namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral bone that is paired, forming the posterior part of the pelvis, articulating with the pubis and ilium." [VSAO:0005006, VSAO:NI, Wikipedia:Ischium] comment: Note that this is_a hip bone in MA; in FMA it is a zone of bone organ. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "os ischii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ischium] synonym: "os ischii" RELATED [AAO:0000860] xref: AAO:0000860 xref: FMA:16592 xref: GAID:208 xref: galen:Ischium xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg/200px-Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg xref: MA:0001337 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.611.548 xref: ncithesaurus:Ischium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlzMKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182025004 xref: UMLS:C0022122 xref: VSAO:0005006 is_a: UBERON:0007830 {source="MA"} ! pelvic girdle bone/zone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006254 {source="cjm"} ! ischial cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001272 ! innominate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="VSAO"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Paired bones of endochondral origin that constitute the posterior elements of the pelvic girdle. They are synostotically fused to each other and form the posterior part of the acetabulum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000860", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "ischial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001275 name: pubis namespace: uberon def: "A paired endochondral bone making up the anteroventral region of the tripartite pelvic girdle forming part of the ventral edge of the acetabulum. The origin site of many proximal hindlimb muscles. [PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Pubis_(bone)] comment: AO notes: isa bone zone in FMA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "os pubis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubis_%28bone%29] synonym: "pubic bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubis_%28bone%29] synonym: "pubis bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubis_%28bone%29] xref: AAO:0000861 xref: EMAPA:18728 xref: FMA:16595 xref: galen:Pubis xref: MA:0001338 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.611.781 xref: ncithesaurus:Pubic_Bone xref: SCTID:182035005 xref: UMLS:C0034014 is_a: UBERON:0007830 {source="MA"} ! pelvic girdle bone/zone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010718 ! pubic cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001272 {source="FMA"} ! innominate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="VSAO"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Paired, cartilaginous (ocassionally calcified) elements that form the ventral portion of the pelvic girdle. Each is located ventral to the acetabulum between the anteroventral margin of the ischium and the posteroventral margin of the illium. When the element calcifies or ossifies, its articulation with adjacent elements is difficult to distinguish. Both pubes are synchondrotically fused to one another.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000861", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001423 name: radius bone namespace: uberon def: "The major preaxial endochondral bone in the anterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Radius_(bone)] comment: Due to the presence of the radius in Tetrpodomorph fish this element is not inherently linked to the presence of digits or flexor musculature. The corresponding bone in the posterior fin/limb is the tibia.[Phenoscape]. In four-legged animals, the radius is the main load-bearing bone of the lower forelimb. Its structure is similar in most terrestrial tetrapods, but it may be fused with the ulna in some mammals (such as horses) and reduced or modified in animals with flippers or vestigial forelimbs [ISBN:0-03-910284-X] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "radius" EXACT [MA:0001357] xref: AAO:0000788 xref: EMAPA:18466 xref: EMAPA:19103 xref: FMA:23463 xref: GAID:185 xref: galen:Radius xref: MA:0001357 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.702 xref: ncithesaurus:Radius_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwUsDcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181940002 xref: UMLS:C0034627 xref: VSAO:0005012 is_a: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003466 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb zeugopod bone is_a: UBERON:0003607 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb long bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006286 {evidence="definitional"} ! radius cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 {source="VSAO"} ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the fore-epipodium; it is located on the lateral side of the ulna. Its upper end articulates with both the humerus and the ulna, whereas the lower articulates with the carpals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000788", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001424 name: ulna namespace: uberon def: "The major postaxial endochondral bone in the anterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Ulna] comment: The corresponding bone in the posterior fin/limb is the fibula. subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0000789 xref: EMAPA:18467 xref: EMAPA:19104 xref: FMA:23466 xref: GAID:188 xref: galen:Ulna xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg/200px-Illu_upper_extremity.jpg xref: MA:0001358 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.911 xref: ncithesaurus:Ulna xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwPtIM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181948009 xref: UMLS:C0041600 xref: VSAO:0005013 is_a: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003466 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb zeugopod bone is_a: UBERON:0003607 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb long bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006306 {evidence="definitional"} ! ulna cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 {source="VSAO"} ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the fore-epipodium; it is located on the medial (inner) side of the radius. The upper end of the ulna articulates with the lower end of the humerus forming a strong hinge joint with the carpals, whereas the lower articulates with the carpals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000789", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "ulnar" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001429 name: pisiform namespace: uberon def: "A laterally positioned sesamoid bone found in close proximity with and occasionally fused to the ulnare." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Pisiform_bone] comment: Check: accessory carpal subset: uberon_slim synonym: "accessory carpal bone" RELATED [MA:0001339] synonym: "os pisiforme" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pisiform_bone] synonym: "pisiform bone" EXACT [FMA:23718] xref: FMA:23718 xref: galen:Pisiform xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png xref: MA:0001339 xref: ncithesaurus:Pisiform_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtByTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181966004 xref: SCTID:9181003 xref: UMLS:C0223729 is_a: UBERON:0007997 {is_inferred="true"} ! sesamoid bone of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0001430 name: distal carpal bone 1 namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Trapezium_(bone)] comment: Taxon notes: located between radiale and first metacarpal[VSAO]. in humans - The capitate articulates with 1st metacarpal distally, scaphoid proximally, trapezoid medially, 2nd metacarpal medially[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "carpal 1" RELATED [AAO:0010634] synonym: "distal carpal 1" EXACT [VSAO:0005043] synonym: "greater multangular" RELATED [] synonym: "greater multangular bone" EXACT [] synonym: "greater multiangular" RELATED [MA:0001340] synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 1" RELATED [MA:0001340] synonym: "manus distal carpal bone 1" RELATED [] synonym: "os trapezium" EXACT [VSAO:0005043] synonym: "trapezial bone" EXACT [FMA:23721] synonym: "trapezium" EXACT [VSAO:0005043] synonym: "trapezium bone" EXACT [FMA:23721] xref: AAO:0010634 xref: FMA:23721 xref: galen:Trapezium xref: MA:0001340 xref: ncithesaurus:Trapezial_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3CbrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361780007 xref: UMLS:C0223736 xref: VSAO:0005043 is_a: UBERON:0001481 {source="FMA"} ! distal carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001431 name: distal carpal bone 2 namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Trapezoid_bone] comment: Taxon notes: located in the distal part of the carpus and articulating with the second metacarpal, the distal carpals 1 and 2 and the radiale.[VSAO] in humans - The capitate articulates with 2nd metacarpal distally, scaphoid proximally, trapezium medially, capitate medially[WP] Amphibians: Small element that articulates with the prepollex, metacarpal II(I) and metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to element Y or carpal 3(2)[AAO] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "carpal 2" RELATED [AAO:0000848] synonym: "distal carpal 2" EXACT [VSAO:0005044] synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 2" RELATED [MA:0001341] synonym: "lesser multangular" RELATED [] synonym: "lesser multangular bone" EXACT [FMA:23724] synonym: "lesser multiangular" RELATED [MA:0001341] synonym: "manus distal carpal bone 2" RELATED [] synonym: "os trapezoideum" EXACT [VSAO:0005044] synonym: "trapezoid" EXACT [VSAO:0005044] synonym: "trapezoid bone" EXACT [FMA:23724] xref: AAO:0000848 xref: FMA:23724 xref: galen:Trapezoid xref: MA:0001341 xref: ncithesaurus:Trapezoid_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVvsjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvxNWBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361781006 xref: UMLS:C0223741 xref: VSAO:0005044 is_a: UBERON:0001481 ! distal carpal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small element that articulates with the prepollex, metacarpal II(I) and metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to element Y or carpal 3(2).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000848", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The trapezoid bone (lesser multangular bone) is a carpal bone in tetrapods, including humans. It is the smallest bone in the distal row. It may be known by its wedge-shaped form, the broad end of the wedge constituting the dorsal, the narrow end the palmar surface; and by its having four articular facets touching each other, and separated by sharp edges. It is homologous with the \"second distal carpal\" of reptiles and amphibians. The etymology derives from the Greek trapezion which means \"irregular quadrilateral,\" from tra- \"four\" and peza \"foot\" or \"edge. \" Literally, \"a little table\" from trapeza meaning \"table\" and -oeides \"shaped.[Wikipedia:Trapezoid_bone]" xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Trapezoid_bone"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001432 name: distal carpal bone 3 namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Capitate_bone] comment: Taxon notes: medially located and articulates with metacarpals 2-4, distal carpal 5 and the intermedium[VSAO] In the human hand, the capitate bone is the largest of the carpal bones, and occupies the center of the wrist - The capitate articulates with seven bones: the scaphoid and lunate proximally, the second metacarpal, third metacarpal, and fourth metacarpal distally, the lesser multangular on the radial side, and the hamate on the ulnar side[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "capitate" EXACT [MA:0001342] synonym: "capitate bone" EXACT [FMA:23727] synonym: "carpal 3" RELATED [AAO:0000849] synonym: "distal carpal 3" EXACT [VSAO:0005045] synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 3" RELATED [MA:0001342] synonym: "magnum" RELATED [VSAO:0005045] synonym: "os capitatum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capitate_bone] synonym: "os magnum" RELATED [] synonym: "os magnum (carpus)" EXACT [FMA:23727] xref: AAO:0000849 xref: FMA:23727 xref: galen:Capitate xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png xref: MA:0001342 xref: ncithesaurus:Capitate_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZFPrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181964001 xref: UMLS:C0223733 xref: VSAO:0005045 is_a: UBERON:0001481 {source="FMA", source="palaeos"} ! distal carpal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to carpals 2(1), 4(3), 5(4), or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000849", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001433 name: distal carpal bone 4 namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Hamate_bone] comment: Taxon notes: articulates with the lunar, distal carpal 3, the ulnare as well as metacarpals 4 and 5.[VSAO]. In the human hand the lunate proximally the fourth and fifth metacarpals distally the triangular medially the capitate laterally[WP] Amphibians: Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(III). It may be fused to carpal 3(2), 5(4), or other elements[AAO] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "carpal 4" RELATED [AAO:0000850] synonym: "distal carpal 4" EXACT [VSAO:0005046] synonym: "hamate" EXACT [MA:0001343] synonym: "hamate bone" EXACT [FMA:23730] synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 4" RELATED [MA:0001343] synonym: "os hamatum" RELATED [VSAO:0005046] synonym: "os hamatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hamate_bone] synonym: "unciform" RELATED [MA:0001343] synonym: "unciform bone" EXACT [FMA:23730] synonym: "uncinate" RELATED [MA:0001343] xref: AAO:0000850 xref: FMA:23730 xref: galen:Hamate xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png xref: MA:0001343 xref: ncithesaurus:Hamate_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwFTmuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181967008 xref: UMLS:C0560737 xref: VSAO:0005046 is_a: UBERON:0001481 {source="FMA"} ! distal carpal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(III). It may be fused to carpal 3(2), 5(4), or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000850", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001435 name: carpal bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of the carpal skeleton. Examples: scaphoid, lunate, capitate[cjm]. In tetrapods, the carpals is the sole cluster of the bones in the wrist between the radius and ulna and the metacarpus. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do. The corresponding part of the foot is the tarsus. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate vertically, horizontally and laterally. In human anatomy, the main role of the carpus is to facilitate effective positioning of the hand and powerful use of the extensors and flexors of the forearm, but the mobility of individual carpal bones increase the freedom of movements at the wrist. [WP,unvetted]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Carpus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bone of carpus" EXACT [] synonym: "carpal" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:ad] synonym: "carpal skeleton bone" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:25056 xref: FMA:23889 xref: GAID:179 xref: galen:CarpalBone xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Carpus.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Carpus.svg/200px-Carpus.svg.png xref: MA:0000296 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.144 xref: ncithesaurus:Carpal_Bone xref: SCTID:83936004 xref: UMLS:C0007285 is_a: UBERON:0003656 ! mesopodium bone is_a: UBERON:0005897 {is_inferred="true"} ! manus bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006213 ! carpus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001436 name: phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a forelimb autopod[Automatically generated definition]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Phalanges_of_the_hand] synonym: "digital bone of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand phalanx" EXACT [MA:0000306] synonym: "manual phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanges of fore digit" RELATED PLURAL [AAO:0000947] synonym: "phalanx of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:23914] synonym: "phalanx of fore digit" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanx of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of manual digit" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000947 xref: FMA:23914 xref: http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/3/613/F1.large.jpg xref: MA:0000306 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Phalanx xref: SCTID:181976001 xref: SCTID:361100001 xref: UMLS:C0223792 is_a: UBERON:0003607 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004249 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010686 ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010688 ! skeleton of manual acropodium property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that make the four digits of the manus. The terminal phalanges are much smaller than the proximal and penultimate phalanges. The typical phalangeal formula of the manus, in a medial to lateral sequence, is 2-2-3-3.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000947", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001437 name: epiphysis namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of long bone which forms its expanded proximal or distal articular end; together with other the subdivisions of long bone, it constitutes the long bone. Examples: proximal epiphysis of humerus, distal epiphysis of femur.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Epiphysis] comment: see also: annular epiphysis subset: uberon_slim synonym: "end of long bone" EXACT [] synonym: "epiphyses" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "long bone epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000742 xref: BTO:0000413 xref: FMA:24012 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg/200px-Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: MA:0001362 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.251 xref: ncithesaurus:Long_Bone_Epiphysis xref: SCTID:244701002 xref: UMLS:C1708734 is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Cartilaginous expansion at the distal end of an anterior rib or transverse process that serves for the attachment of muscles suspending the pectoral girdle to the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000742", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "epiphyseal" xsd:string property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "epiphysial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001438 name: metaphysis namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the proximal or distal end of diaphysis next to the epiphysis; together with diaphysis proper, it constitutes the diaphysis. Examples: proximal metaphysis of humerus, distal metaphysis of femur.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Metaphysis] comment: adjacent to or containing epiphyseal plate? Note in FMA the metaphysis is part of the diaphysis, but not in MA. In the diagram in WP, it appears to be adjacent, not part_of. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "diaphyseal end of long bone" EXACT [] synonym: "long bone metaphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "metaphyses" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: FMA:24014 xref: MA:0001363 xref: ncithesaurus:Metaphysis xref: SCTID:304581004 xref: UMLS:C0222671 is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0001440 name: forelimb skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a free forelimb region. Excludes the pectoral girdle" [UBERON:cjm] comment: TODO - find a home for: FMA:24139 synonym: "bones of upper limb" EXACT [] synonym: "fore limb skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb skeleton" EXACT [VHOG:0001256] synonym: "free upper limb skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24142] synonym: "ossa membri superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24139, FMA:TA] synonym: "pectoral limb skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "set of bones of upper limb" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of forelimb" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24142] synonym: "skeleton of pectoral limb" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24139] synonym: "upper limb skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002222] synonym: "wing skeleton" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0000202 xref: EHDAA2:0002222 xref: FMA:24142 xref: VHOG:0001256 xref: VSAO:0000151 xref: XAO:0003061 is_a: UBERON:0004381 {is_inferred="true"} ! skeleton of limb is_a: UBERON:0007272 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral appendage skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0012475 ! skeleton of pectoral complex property_value: has_no_connections_with UBERON:0001441 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal structure of the paired, anterior appendages.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000202", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000202", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001256", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001441 name: hindlimb skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb region." [UBERON:cjm] comment: TOOD - find a home for: FMA:24140 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bones of lower limb" EXACT [] synonym: "free lower limb skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24144] synonym: "hind limb skeleton" EXACT [XAO:0003062] synonym: "hind-limb skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000152] synonym: "hindlimb skeleton" EXACT [VHOG:0001255] synonym: "lower limb skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa membri inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24140, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of bones of lower limb" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24144] synonym: "skeleton of lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24140] xref: AAO:0000217 xref: EHDAA2:0002226 xref: FMA:24144 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZcKkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0001255 xref: VSAO:0000152 xref: XAO:0003062 is_a: UBERON:0004381 {is_inferred="true"} ! skeleton of limb is_a: UBERON:0007273 {is_inferred="true"} ! pelvic appendage skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0012476 ! skeleton of pelvic complex property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal structure of the paired, posterior appendages.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000217", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000217", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001255", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001442 name: skeleton of manus namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a manus, which is the distal section of the anterior forelimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the wrist, palm, and fingers)[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:MAH, UBERON:cjm] comment: here 'manus' includes both the wrist region and hand proper synonym: "anterior autopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005020, VSAO:NI] synonym: "anterior autopodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "bones of hand" EXACT [FMA:24159] synonym: "fore autopod skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb autopod skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "hand region skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002227] synonym: "hand skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24159] synonym: "manual skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "manus" RELATED [VSAO:0005020, VSAO:NI] synonym: "manus skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa manus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24159, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of bones of hand" EXACT [FMA:24159] synonym: "skeleton of hand" EXACT [FMA:24159] xref: EHDAA2:0002227 xref: FMA:24159 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdHPJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VSAO:0005020 is_a: UBERON:0006717 {is_inferred="true"} ! autopodial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 {source="EHDAA2"} ! forelimb skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000006 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015 xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001445 name: skeleton of pes namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a pes, which is the distal section of the posterior hindlimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the ankle, sole, and toes)[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:MAH, UBERON:cjm] comment: here 'pes' includes both the ankle region and foot proper synonym: "foot region skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002228] synonym: "foot skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24222] synonym: "pedal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "pes" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0005021, VSAO:NI] synonym: "pes skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior autopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005021, VSAO:NI] synonym: "posterior autopodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "set of bones of foot" EXACT [FMA:24222] synonym: "skeleton of foot" EXACT [FMA:24222] xref: EHDAA2:0002228 xref: FMA:24222 xref: VSAO:0005021 is_a: UBERON:0006717 {is_inferred="true"} ! autopodial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 {source="EHDAA2"} ! hindlimb skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000006 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015 xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0001446 name: fibula namespace: uberon def: "The major postaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Fibula] subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0000891 xref: BTO:0002346 xref: EFO:0003052 xref: EMAPA:18512 xref: EMAPA:19141 xref: FMA:24479 xref: GAID:202 xref: galen:Fibula xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Illu_lower_extremity.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Illu_lower_extremity.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity.jpg xref: MA:0001360 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.321 xref: ncithesaurus:Fibula xref: SCTID:302529003 xref: UMLS:C0016068 is_a: UBERON:0002495 {source="FMA"} ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003608 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004251 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb zeugopod bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010851 ! fibula cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the hind-epipodium; it is a rather more slender bone than the tibia but of about the same length.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000891", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "fibular" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0001447 name: tarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of the tarsal skeleton. Examples: calcaneus, talus, centralia." [UBERON:cjm] comment: In primitive tetrapods, such as Trematops, the tarsus consists of three rows of bones. There are three proximal tarsals, the tibiale, intermedium, and fibulare, named for their points of articulation with the bones of the lower limb. These are followed by a second row of four bones, referred to as the centralia (singular: centrale), and then a row of five distal tarsals, each articulating with a single metatarsal. In the great majority of tetrapods, including all of those alive today, this simple pattern is modified by the loss and fusion of various of the bones.[3] In reptiles and mammals, there are normally just two proximal tarsals, the calcaneus (equivalent to the amphibian fibulare) and the talus (probably derived from a fusion of multiple bones). In mammals, including humans, the talus forms a hinge joint with the tibia, a feature especially well developed in the artiodactyls. The calcaneus is also modified, forming a heel for the attachment of the Achilles tendon. Neither of these adaptations is found in reptiles, which have a relatively simple structure to both bones.[3] The fifth distal tarsal disappears relatively early in evolution, with the remainder becoming the cuneiform and cuboid bones. Reptiles usually retain two centralia, while mammals typically have only one (the navicular).[3] In birds, the tarsus has disappeared, with the proximal tarsals having fused with the tibia, the centralia having disappeared, and the distal bones having fused with the metatarsals to form a single tarsometatarsus bone, effectively giving the leg a third segment[Wikipedia:Tarsus_(skeleton)] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ankle bone" EXACT [FMA:24491] synonym: "bone of ankle" EXACT [FMA:24491] synonym: "bone of tarsus" EXACT [FMA:24491] synonym: "bony tarsus" RELATED [BTO:0002343] synonym: "hind mesopodium" RELATED [AAO:0000220] synonym: "ossa tarsalia" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71339, FMA:TA] synonym: "ossa tarsi" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71339, FMA:TA] synonym: "tarsal" RELATED [BTO:0002343] synonym: "tarsus osseus" RELATED [BTO:0002343] xref: BTO:0002343 xref: FMA:24491 xref: GAID:194 xref: galen:TarsalBone xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/200px-Ankle_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000297 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.300.710 xref: ncithesaurus:Tarsal_Bone xref: SCTID:108372004 xref: UMLS:C0039316 is_a: UBERON:0003656 ! mesopodium bone is_a: UBERON:0005899 {is_inferred="true"} ! pes bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010541 ! tarsus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001448 name: metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "The metatarsus or metatarsal bones are a group of five long bones in the pes located between the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-pes and the phalanges of the toes. Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (side of big toe): the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the manus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metatarsal_bone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa metatarsalia" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0002347] synonym: "ossa metatarsi" RELATED [BTO:0002347] xref: BTO:0002347 xref: FMA:24492 xref: GAID:193 xref: galen:Metatarsal xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png xref: MA:0000303 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.300.492 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone xref: SCTID:302532000 xref: UMLS:C0025584 is_a: UBERON:0003608 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0003821 {is_inferred="true"} ! metapodium bone is_a: UBERON:0012359 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digitopodium bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010545 ! metatarsus skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001449 name: phalanx of pes namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:0004272 def: "A phalanx that is part of a hindlimb autopod[Automatically generated definition]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Phalanges_of_the_foot] synonym: "digital bone of pes" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot phalanx" EXACT [MA:0000305] synonym: "pedal phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanges of hind digit" RELATED PLURAL [AAO:0000930] synonym: "phalanx of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hind digit" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanx of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:24493] synonym: "toe phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0000930 xref: FMA:24493 xref: MA:0000305 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Phalanx xref: ncithesaurus:Phalanx_of_the_Foot xref: SCTID:302533005 xref: UMLS:C0584876 is_a: UBERON:0003608 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004248 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010685 ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010696 ! skeleton of pedal acropodium property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that make the five digits of the pes. The terminal phalanges are much smaller than the proximal and penultimate phalanges. The typical phalangeal formula of the pes, in a medial to lateral sequence, is 2(1)-2-3-4(3)-3(2).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000930", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001451 name: navicular bone of pes namespace: uberon def: "The navicular bone is one of the tarsal bones, found in the pes. It is located on the medial side of the pes, and articulates proximally with the talus, distally with the three cuneiform bones, and occasionally laterally with the cuboid[WP]." [Wikipedia:Navicular_bone] comment: taxon notes: connections vary depending on species. AAO: Oval tarsal element that is located on the center of the mesopodium. It articulates with all other elements of the tarsus except tarsal 5. In humans: there is a cuboid instead of distal tarsal 4 and 5 - may articulate laterally with the cuboid[WP]. TODO - add correct VSAO xref (currently broken) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central tarsal bone" RELATED [] synonym: "centrale" BROAD [] synonym: "centrale (hind)" EXACT [AAO:0000924] synonym: "navicular" EXACT [] synonym: "navicular bone of foot" EXACT [FMA:24499] synonym: "navicular of foot" EXACT [FMA:24499] synonym: "navicular of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "os naviculare" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24499, FMA:TA] synonym: "os naviculare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Navicular_bone] synonym: "os naviculare pedis" EXACT [BTO:0002356] xref: AAO:0000924 xref: BTO:0002356 xref: FMA:24499 xref: galen:Navicular xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray276.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray276.png/200px-Gray276.png xref: MA:0001349 xref: ncithesaurus:Navicular_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv67esJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182100005 xref: UMLS:C0223947 is_a: UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0012131 ! centrale property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Oval tarsal element that is located on the center of the mesopodium. It articulates with all other elements of the tarsus except tarsal 5.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000924", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001452 name: distal tarsal bone 1 namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 1." [VSAO:0005052, Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuneiforme 1" EXACT [VSAO:0005052] synonym: "distal tarsal 1" EXACT [VSAO:0005052] synonym: "entocuneiforme" EXACT [VSAO:0005052] synonym: "first cuneiform" EXACT [Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "first cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24518] synonym: "foot distal carpal bone 1" RELATED [] synonym: "medial cuneiform" EXACT [FMA:24518] synonym: "medial cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24518] synonym: "os cuneiform primum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "os cuneiforme mediale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "os cuneiforme mediale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "os cuneiforme primum" RELATED [BTO:0002360] synonym: "ossa cuneiforme mediale" RELATED [BTO:0002360] synonym: "tarsal 1" EXACT [AAO:0000918] xref: AAO:0000918 xref: BTO:0002360 xref: FMA:24518 xref: galen:MedialCuneiform xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/450x218xEctocuneiform.gif.pagespeed.ic.kaiuLYQELL.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray290.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray290.png/200px-Gray290.png xref: MA:0001352 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYtfH5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182116007 xref: UMLS:C1512869 xref: VSAO:0005052 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small element that articulates with the prehallux, metatarsal I and element Y. It may be fused to tarsal 2.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000918", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001453 name: distal tarsal bone 2 namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 2." [VSAO:0005053, Wikipedia:Intermediate_cuneiform_bone] comment: The intermediate cuneiform (also known as second cuneiform / middle cuneiform) is shaped like a wedge, the thin end pointing downwards. It is situated between the other two cuneiforms (the medial and lateral cuneiforms), and articulates with the navicular posteriorly, the second metatarsal anteriorly and with the other cuneiforms on either side. [WP,unvetted] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuneiforme 2" EXACT [VSAO:0005053] synonym: "distal tarsal 2" EXACT [VSAO:0005053] synonym: "foot distal carpal bone 2" RELATED [] synonym: "intermediate cuneiform" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate cuneiform bone" RELATED [FMA:24519] synonym: "mesocuneiforme" EXACT [VSAO:0005053] synonym: "middle cuneiform" EXACT [] synonym: "middle cuneiform bone of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "os cuneiforme intermedium" RELATED [BTO:0002359] synonym: "os cuneiforme intermedium, os cuneiforme secundum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intermediate_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "os cuneiforme secundum" RELATED [BTO:0002359] synonym: "second cuneiform bone" EXACT [] synonym: "second cuneiform bone of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "tarsal 2" EXACT [AAO:0000919] xref: AAO:0000919 xref: BTO:0002359 xref: FMA:24519 xref: galen:IntermediateCuneiform xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png xref: MA:0001353 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot xref: SCTID:179512006 xref: UMLS:C1513292 xref: VSAO:0005053 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal II. It may be fused to tarsal 1 or to tarsal 3.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000919", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001454 name: distal tarsal bone 3 namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 3." [VSAO:0005054, Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone] comment: The lateral cuneiform (also known as third cuneiform / external cuneiform) intermediate in size between the other two cuneiform bones, is also wedge-shaped, the base being uppermost. It occupies the center of the front row of the tarsal bones, between the second cuneiform medially, the cuboid laterally, the navicular posteriorly and the third metatarsal in front. [WP,unvetted] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuneiforme 3" EXACT [VSAO:0005054] synonym: "distal tarsal 3" EXACT [VSAO:0005054] synonym: "ectocuneiforme" EXACT [VSAO:0005054] synonym: "external cuneiform" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "external cuneiform bone of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "foor distal carpal bone 3" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral cuneiform" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24520] synonym: "os cuneiforme laterale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "os cuneiforme tertium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "ossa cuneiforme laterale" RELATED [BTO:0002358] synonym: "tarsal 3" EXACT [AAO:0000920] synonym: "third cuneiform bone" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000920 xref: BTO:0002358 xref: FMA:24520 xref: galen:LateralCuneiform xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png xref: MA:0001354 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvoLPu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182117003 xref: UMLS:C1517036 xref: VSAO:0005054 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal III. It may be fused to tarsal 2.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000920", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000005 "In some types, the cuneiform is found as two or three bones, in which case the more anterior ('dorsal' in dorsal/plantar terminology) is the ectocuneiform, while the more posterior or plantar bones are the mesocuneiform and entocuneiform.[Palaeos]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", source="http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001455 name: cuboid bone namespace: uberon def: "A tarsal bone that is formed from distal tarsals 4 and 5. In the human body, the cuboid bone is one of the seven tarsal bones of the pes. [WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Cuboid_bone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuboid" EXACT [] synonym: "cuboideum" EXACT [] synonym: "foot distal carpal bone 4 and 5" RELATED [] synonym: "os cuboideum" EXACT [BTO:0002357] synonym: "os cuboideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cuboid_bone] xref: BTO:0002357 xref: FMA:24527 xref: galen:Cuboid xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Gray274.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Gray274.png/200px-Gray274.png xref: MA:0001355 xref: ncithesaurus:Cuboid_Bone xref: SCTID:182101009 xref: UMLS:C0376381 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001481 name: distal carpal bone namespace: uberon comment: Taxon notes: Primitively, each of the distal bones appears to have articulated with a single metacarpal[WP] synonym: "distal carpal" EXACT [AAO:0000847] xref: AAO:0000847 xref: FMA:33303 xref: MA:0002558 xref: SCTID:306716003 is_a: UBERON:0001435 {is_inferred="true"} ! carpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Series of elements that articulate with the metacarpals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000847", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002091 name: appendicular skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of skeleton which which consists of all the skeletal elements in in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes[cjm]." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003, Wikipedia:Appendicular_skeleton] comment: Note that ontologies differ in whether they treat the term appendicular skeleton as being the entire set of bones in the limbs, or whether the fore and hind limbs/fins are treated as seperate appendicular skeletons. Here we follow FMA, and treat the appendicular skeleton as the sum total of skeletal elements in the organism (this is evidenced by the fact that in FMA, skeleton of left/right upper/lower limb is part_of a appendicular skeleton, and subtypes of 'subdivision of appendicular skeleton'). We have separate classes such as 'skeleton of limb', and 'skeleton of hindlimb' for the 4 parts of the appendicular skeleton. In future the ZFA/TAO classes may be moved. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "appendicular skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "entire appendicular skeleton" EXACT [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/59] synonym: "paired fin skeleton" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "skeleton appendiculare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Appendicular_skeleton] xref: AAO:0000747 xref: EFO:0000951 xref: FMA:71222 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Appendicular_skeleton_diagram.svg xref: MA:0000290 xref: MAT:0000278 xref: MIAA:0000278 xref: ncithesaurus:Appendicular_Skeleton xref: SCTID:322050006 xref: UMLS:C0222646 xref: VHOG:0001666 xref: VSAO:0000076 xref: XAO:0003166 is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal subdivision consisting of all the skeletal elements in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000076", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170", source="UBERON:cjm"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000027", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The pectoral and pelvic girdles, which articulate with the axial skeleton, together with their associated limbs, the forelimbs and hind limbs, form the appendicular skeleton.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000747", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002225 name: costal arch namespace: uberon def: "The costal margin, sometimes referred to as the costal arch, is the medial margin formed by the false ribs -- specifically, from the eighth rib to the tenth rib." [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] comment: todo - split? check part_of relationship synonym: "arcus costae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] synonym: "arcus costalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] synonym: "costal margin" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] synonym: "subcostal arch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] xref: FMA:7569 xref: FMA:7570 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray115.png xref: MA:0001396 xref: ncithesaurus:Costal_Arch xref: SCTID:367767002 xref: UMLS:C0230143 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 {source="MA"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002228 name: rib namespace: uberon def: "An intersegmental rod-shaped bone that forms in the peritoneal membrane and attach to the vertebral parapophyses. They protect and support internal organs. In most vertebrates, ribs surround the chest. they enable lungs to expand by expanding the chest, they also protect the lungs, heart, and other internal organs of the thorax. In some animals, especially snakes, ribs may provide support and protection for the entire body." [Wikipedia:Rib, ZFIN:curator] comment: Humans have 24 ribs (12 pairs). The first seven sets of ribs, known as "true ribs", are directly attached to the sternum through the costal cartilage. The following five sets are known as "false ribs", three of these sharing a common cartilaginous connection to the sternum, while the last two (eleventh and twelfth ribs) are termed floating ribs (costae fluitantes) or vertebral ribs. They are attached to the vertebrae only, and not to the sternum or cartilage coming off of the sternum. Some people are missing one of the two pairs of floating ribs, while others have a third pair. Rib removal is the surgical excision of ribs for therapeutic or cosmetic reasons. In fish, there are often two sets of ribs attached to the vertebral column. One set, the dorsal ribs, are found in the dividing septum between the upper and lower parts of the main muscle segments, projecting roughly sideways from the vertebral column. The second set, of ventral ribs arise from the vertebral column just below the dorsal ribs, and enclose the lower body, often joining at the tips. Not all species possess both types of rib, with the dorsal ribs being most commonly absent. Sharks, for example, have no dorsal ribs, and only very short ventral ribs, while lampreys have no ribs at all. In some teleosts, there may be additional rib-like bones within the muscle mass. Tetrapods, however, only ever have a single set of ribs which are probably homologous with the dorsal ribs of fishes. In the early tetrapods, every vertebra bore a pair of ribs, although those on the thoracic vertebrae are typically the longest. The sacral ribs were stout and short, since they formed part of the pelvis, connecting the backbone to the hip bones.[1] In most subsequent forms, many of these early ribs have been lost, and in living amphibians and reptiles, there is great variation in rib structure and number. For example, turtles have only eight pairs of ribs, which are developed into a bony or cartilagenous carapace and plastron, while snakes have numerous ribs running along the full length of their trunk. Frogs typically have no ribs, aside from a sacral pair, which form part of the pelvis.[1]. In birds, ribs are present as distinct bones only on the thoracic region, although small fused ribs are present on the cervical vertebrae. The thoracic ribs of birds possess a wide projection to the rear; this uncinate process is an attachment for the shoulder muscles.[1]. Mammals usually also only have distinct ribs on the thoracic vertebra, although fixed cervical ribs are also present in monotremes. In marsupials and placental mammals, the cervical and lumbar ribs are found only as tiny remnants fused to the vertebrae, where they are referred to as transverse processes. In general, the structure and number of the true ribs in humans is similar to that in other mammals. Unlike reptiles, caudal ribs are never found in mammals.[1] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal rib" RELATED [] synonym: "pleural rib" RELATED [] synonym: "ribs" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000538] xref: AAO:0000545 xref: EFO:0003066 xref: EMAPA:18010 xref: FMA:7574 xref: GAID:245 xref: galen:Rib xref: MA:0000315 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.904.567 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjNoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302523002 xref: TAO:0000538 xref: UMLS:C0035561 xref: VHOG:0001154 xref: ZFA:0000538 is_a: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Endochondral bone that is intersegmental and rod-shaped, forming in the peritoneal membrane and attached to the vertebral parapophyses. Ribs protect and support internal organs.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000538", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Endochondral, rodlike element that articulates with the transverse process and parapophysis (double-headed rib), or with the transverse process only (single-headed rib); it extends into the body wall and provides a site for muscle attachment.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000545", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "costal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002230 name: head of rib namespace: uberon def: "The head of the rib is the end of a rib closest to the vertebral column, with which it articulates with. It is marked by a kidney-shaped articular surface, divided by a horizontal crest into two facets for articulation with the depression formed on the bodies of two adjacent thoracic vertebrae; the upper facet is the smaller; to the crest is attached the interarticular ligament. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Head_of_rib] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caput costae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_rib] synonym: "rib head" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7575 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray122.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray122.png/200px-Gray122.png xref: MA:0001415 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_Head xref: SCTID:263358001 xref: UMLS:C0222806 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002231 name: body of rib namespace: uberon comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "rib body" EXACT [] synonym: "rib shaft" EXACT [] synonym: "shaft of rib" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7577 xref: MA:0001416 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_Shaft xref: SCTID:263361000 xref: UMLS:C0448161 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002234 name: proximal phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001395] synonym: "proximal manual phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:75816] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fore digit" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of manual digit" EXACT [] xref: FMA:75816 xref: MA:0001395 xref: ncithesaurus:Proximal_Phalanx_of_Hand xref: SCTID:181986000 xref: SCTID:361325003 xref: UMLS:C0730117 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0002235 name: tubercle of rib namespace: uberon def: "The tubercle of a rib is an eminence on the posterior surface, at the junction of the neck and body of the rib, and nearer the lower than the upper border. It consists of an articular and a non-articular portion. The articular portion, the lower and more medial of the two, presents a small, oval surface for articulation with the end of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrae to which the head is connected. The non-articular portion is a rough elevation, and affords attachment to the ligament of the tubercle. The tubercle is much more prominent in the upper than in the lower ribs[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tubercle_(rib)] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "rib tubercle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7583 xref: MA:0001417 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_Tubercle xref: SCTID:361104005 xref: UMLS:C0222809 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002231 {source="FMA"} ! body of rib relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002236 name: costal cartilage namespace: uberon def: "The costal cartilages are bars of hyaline cartilage which serve to prolong the ribs forward and contribute very materially to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Costal_cartilage] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilagines costales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costal_cartilage] synonym: "cartilago costalis" RELATED [BTO:0001721] synonym: "sternal cartilage" RELATED [BTO:0001721] xref: BTO:0001721 xref: FMA:7591 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Gray315.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gray315.png/200px-Gray315.png xref: MA:0000106 xref: ncithesaurus:Costal_Cartilage xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP1g3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244703004 xref: UMLS:C0222787 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002238 name: false rib namespace: uberon def: "A rib that is not directly ventrally connected to the sternum." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:False_rib] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "asternal ribs" RELATED [Wikipedia:False_ribs] synonym: "costa spuria" EXACT [] synonym: "costae spuriae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:False_ribs] xref: FMA:7594 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gray115.png/200px-Gray115.png xref: MA:0001398 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwLzzTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:368045005 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002239 name: floating rib namespace: uberon def: "A rib that is not connected to sternum or sternal cartilage." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Floating_rib] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "costa fluitante" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "costae fluctuantes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Floating_rib] synonym: "costae fluitantes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Floating_rib] synonym: "vertebral rib" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7595 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Skeleton_woman_back.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Skeleton_woman_back.png/200px-Skeleton_woman_back.png xref: MA:0001399 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvaPCWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:368046006 is_a: UBERON:0002238 ! false rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002374 name: metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of the metacarpal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Metacarpal_bone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "metacarpal" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0003886 xref: FMA:9612 xref: galen:Metacarpal xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg/200px-Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg.png xref: MA:0000302 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv1Bk45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181977005 xref: SCTID:425761003 xref: UMLS:C0025526 is_a: UBERON:0003607 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0003821 {is_inferred="true"} ! metapodium bone is_a: UBERON:0012358 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digitopodium bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010544 ! metacarpus skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0002428 name: limb bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: AO notes: NCITA includes clavicle. MA:'limb bone' is actually a bone of limb or girdle // Note that the formal definition is very inclusive, and includes sesamoids synonym: "bone of extremity" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "free limb bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] xref: EFO:0000880 xref: EFO:0000945 xref: MAT:0000151 xref: MIAA:0000151 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_of_the_Extremity xref: SCTID:304149004 xref: UMLS:C0582791 is_a: UBERON:0004375 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone of free limb or fin relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010881 ! limb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 ! skeleton of limb [Term] id: UBERON:0002446 name: patella namespace: uberon def: "A large sesamoid bone found in the distal femur/proximal tibial region of the hindlimb of tetrapods. The patella is the attachment site for proximal hindlimb tendons.[PHENOSCAPE:ad]" [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=3470151&group_id=76834, PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Patella] comment: The patella, also known as the knee cap or kneepan, is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body. The primary functional role of the patella is knee extension. The patella has convergently evolved in placental mammals and birds; marsupials have only rudimentary, non-ossified patellae. In more primitive tetrapods, including living amphibians and reptiles, the muscle tendons from the upper leg are attached directly to the tibia, and the patella is not present. See also: fabella. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "knee bone" RELATED [FMA:24485] synonym: "knee cap" RELATED [Wikipedia:Patella] synonym: "patella" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Patella] xref: FMA:24485 xref: GAID:203 xref: galen:Patella xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg/200px-Knee_diagram.svg.png xref: MA:0001374 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.624 xref: ncithesaurus:Patella xref: SCTID:182083008 xref: UMLS:C0030647 is_a: UBERON:0005893 {is_inferred="true"} ! leg bone is_a: UBERON:0011141 {is_inferred="true"} ! appendicular ossicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "patellar" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0002495 name: long bone namespace: uberon def: "Long bone is a limb bone that is subcylindrical and has a shaft with periosteum separating the ends of the bones. Long bones are present only in the limbs[VSAO]." [VSAO:wd, Wikipedia:Long_bone] comment: Endochondral_ossification is an essential process during the rudimentary formation of long bones, with the exception of the clavicle[Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification]. The medial and and lateral ends undergo EO, the mid-portion is formed by a process with features of EO & IO (the process is shared by the mandible)[ISBN:9780397517251] subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0004256 xref: FMA:7474 xref: galen:LongBone xref: MA:0002802 xref: ncithesaurus:Long_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6axr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:332709000 xref: UMLS:C0222647 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0002497 name: acromion namespace: uberon def: "Region of the scapula where the latter meets with the clavicle: attachment point of the clavicle to the scapula in some taxa." [VSAO:0005067, Wikipedia:Acromion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "acromion of the scapula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acromion] synonym: "acromion process" EXACT [VSAO:0005067] synonym: "scapular acromion" EXACT [VSAO:0005067] xref: AAO:0000826 xref: EMAPA:25119 xref: FMA:23260 xref: GAID:187 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Gray206.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Gray206.png/200px-Gray206.png xref: MA:0002805 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.783.261 xref: ncithesaurus:Acromion xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmrF8pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181911000 xref: UMLS:C0001209 xref: VSAO:0005067 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 {source="FMA"} ! pectoral limb scapula property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anterior rounded projection of the pars acromialis of the scapula.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000826", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of pars acromialis (AAO:0000752)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000826", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002498 name: deltopectoral crest namespace: uberon def: "The deltoid tuberosity is the region on the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Deltoid_tuberosity] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "crista ventralis" EXACT [AAO:0000736] synonym: "crista ventralis humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000736] synonym: "deltoid crest" EXACT [MP:0004353] synonym: "deltoid crest" RELATED [AAO:0000736] synonym: "deltoid eminence" EXACT [MP:0004353] synonym: "deltoid impression" EXACT [MP:0004353] synonym: "deltoid process" EXACT [MP:0004353] synonym: "deltoid tuberosity" EXACT [FMA:23418] synonym: "deltoid tuberosity of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23418] synonym: "tuberositas deltoidea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23418, FMA:TA] synonym: "tuberositas deltoidea (corpus humeri)" EXACT [] synonym: "tuberositas deltoidea humeri" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Deltoid_tuberosity] xref: AAO:0000736 xref: EMAPA:25052 xref: FMA:23418 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/HumerusFront.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/HumerusFront.png/200px-HumerusFront.png xref: MA:0002808 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004652 ! humerus diaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0002503 name: greater trochanter namespace: uberon def: "The greater trochanter (great trochanter) of the femur is a large, irregular, quadrilateral eminence and a part of the skeletal system. It is directed a little lateralward and backward, and, in the adult, is about 1 cm lower than the head. Because the pelvic outlet in the female is larger than in the male, there is a greater distance between the greater trochanters in the female. It has two surfaces and four borders. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Greater_trochanter] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "great trochanter" EXACT [] synonym: "greater trochanter of femur" EXACT [] synonym: "trochanter major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_trochanter] xref: FMA:32852 xref: galen:GreaterTrochanter xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray243.png/200px-Gray243.png xref: MA:0002822 xref: ncithesaurus:Great_Trochanter xref: SCTID:182050001 xref: UMLS:C0223865 is_a: UBERON:0000980 ! trochanter relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0002504 name: lesser trochanter namespace: uberon def: "The lesser trochanter (small trochanter) of the femur is a conical eminence, which varies in size in different subjects [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lesser_trochanter] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lesser trochanter of femur" EXACT [] synonym: "trochanter minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lesser_trochanter] xref: FMA:32853 xref: galen:LesserTrochanter xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray341.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray341.png/200px-Gray341.png xref: MA:0002823 xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Trochanter xref: SCTID:182051002 xref: UMLS:C0223866 is_a: UBERON:0000980 ! trochanter relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0002516 name: epiphyseal plate namespace: uberon def: "a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone. The plate is found in children and adolescents; in adults, who have stopped growing, the plate is replaced by an epiphyseal line." [Wikipedia:Epiphyseal_plate] comment: editor note: consider splitting this class into the epiphyseal plates of long bones and vertebrae subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilago epiphysialis" RELATED [BTO:0000412] synonym: "epiphyseal cartilage" RELATED [] synonym: "epiphyseal disk" RELATED [BTO:0000412] synonym: "epiphyseal growth disk" RELATED [BTO:0000412] synonym: "epiphyseal growth plate" EXACT [] synonym: "epiphyseal growth plate cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "epiphysial plate" EXACT [FMA:75427] synonym: "growth plate" RELATED [MA:0002839] synonym: "lamina epiphysialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epiphyseal_plate] synonym: "long bone epiphyseal plate" EXACT [MA:0002839] synonym: "physis" RELATED [BTO:0000412] xref: BTO:0000412 xref: EMAPA:25059 xref: EMAPA:25062 xref: EMAPA:25065 xref: EMAPA:25068 xref: EMAPA:25071 xref: FMA:75427 xref: GAID:191 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Tib_fib_growth_plates.jpg xref: MA:0002839 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.251.352 xref: SCTID:84349008 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0003221 name: phalanx namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral bones that are often elongate and arranged in rows of articulating elements, and form the visible part of the digits." [VSAO:0000199, Wikipedia:Phalanx_bones] comment: Taxon notes: In primates such as humans and monkeys, the thumb and big toe have two phalanges, while the other fingers and toes consist of three[WP] synonym: "digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalange" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanges" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "phalanx bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Phalanx_bones] xref: galen:Phalanx xref: MA:0000304 xref: ncithesaurus:Phalanx xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvolPZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:290029003 xref: UMLS:C0222682 xref: VSAO:0000199 is_a: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003606 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb long bone is_a: UBERON:0012357 {is_inferred="true"} ! digitopodium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010701 ! phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010543 ! acropodial skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "phalangeal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0003253 name: neck of rib namespace: uberon def: "The neck of the rib is the flattened portion which extends lateralward from the head; it is about 2.5 cm. long, and is placed in front of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrC& with which the head articulates. Its anterior surface is flat and smooth, its posterior rough for the attachment of the ligament of the neck, and perforated by numerous foramina. Of its two borders the superior presents a rough crest (crista colli costE) for the attachment of the anterior costotransverse ligament; its inferior border is rounded. On the posterior surface at the junction of the neck and body, and nearer the lower than the upper border, is an eminencebthe tubercle; it consists of an articular and a non-articular portion. The articular portion, the lower and more medial of the two, presents a small, oval surface for articulation with the end of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrC& to which the head is connected. The non-articular portion is a rough elevation, and affords attachment to the ligament of the tubercle. The tubercle is much more prominent in the upper than in the lower ribs." [Wikipedia:Neck_of_rib] synonym: "collum costae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Neck_of_rib] synonym: "collum costae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neck_of_rib] synonym: "rib neck" EXACT [FMA:7576] xref: FMA:7576 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray122.png xref: SCTID:263359009 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0003460 name: arm bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of the region of the forelimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of upper extremity" EXACT [GAID:178] synonym: "bone organ of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000592 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKTXoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0008962 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003461 name: shoulder bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: AO notes: this is a forelimb bone in MA, but this would lead to part-disjointness violations. Subtypes are clavicle, scapula, humerus synonym: "bone of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "shoulder bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000631 is_a: UBERON:0007829 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral girdle bone is_a: UBERON:0010741 {notes="UBERONREF:0000003", source="MA"} ! bone of pectoral complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003464 name: hindlimb bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb region. Examples: any pes phalanx, femur. Counter-examples: ischium, pubis (they are part of the pelvic girdle)" [UBERON:cjm] comment: Note that the MA class is actually bone of pelvic complex; in contrast the NCIT class excludes ilium etc synonym: "bone of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003842 xref: GAID:198 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_of_the_Lower_Extremity xref: SCTID:361370006 xref: UMLS:C0448188 is_a: UBERON:0002428 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb bone is_a: UBERON:0010742 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone of pelvic complex relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010885 ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003466 name: forelimb zeugopod bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower arm bone" EXACT [MA:0000598] synonym: "lower segment of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wing zeugopod bone" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000598 is_a: UBERON:0003460 {is_inferred="true"} ! arm bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003606 name: limb long bone namespace: uberon def: "A long bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000298 is_a: UBERON:0002428 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb bone [Term] id: UBERON:0003607 name: forelimb long bone namespace: uberon def: "A long bone that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wing long bone" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000299 is_a: UBERON:0003606 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb long bone is_a: UBERON:0008962 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone [Term] id: UBERON:0003608 name: hindlimb long bone namespace: uberon def: "A long bone that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000300 is_a: UBERON:0003464 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone is_a: UBERON:0003606 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb long bone [Term] id: UBERON:0003620 name: manual digit 1 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 1 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 1 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 1 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 1 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001389] synonym: "hand digit 1 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "long bone of digit of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19113 xref: FMA:35477 xref: MA:0001389 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_1_Phalanx xref: SCTID:181975002 xref: UMLS:C1711344 is_a: UBERON:0001436 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of manus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010675 ! manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003636 name: manual digit 2 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 2 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 2 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001390] synonym: "hand digit 2 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "index finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35480] synonym: "long bone of digit of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:35480] synonym: "phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19115 xref: FMA:35480 xref: MA:0001390 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_2_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361783009 xref: UMLS:C1708312 is_a: UBERON:0001436 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of manus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010676 ! manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003637 name: manual digit 3 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 3 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 3 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001391] synonym: "hand digit 3 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "long bone of digit of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35483] synonym: "phalanx of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:35483] synonym: "phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19117 xref: FMA:35483 xref: MA:0001391 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_3_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361785002 xref: UMLS:C1708314 is_a: UBERON:0001436 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of manus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010677 ! manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003638 name: manual digit 4 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 4 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "fourth finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001392] synonym: "hand digit 4 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "long bone of digit of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:35486] synonym: "ring finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35486] xref: EMAPA:19119 xref: FMA:35486 xref: MA:0001392 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_4_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361787005 xref: UMLS:C1708316 is_a: UBERON:0001436 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of manus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010678 ! manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003639 name: manual digit 5 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 5 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 5 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001393] synonym: "hand digit 5 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "little finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35489] synonym: "long bone of digit of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35489] synonym: "phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:35489] synonym: "phalanx of manual digitus minimus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19121 xref: FMA:35489 xref: MA:0001393 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_5_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361789008 xref: UMLS:C1708317 is_a: UBERON:0001436 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of manus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010679 ! manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003640 name: pedal digit 1 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "big toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32884] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001381] synonym: "foot digit 1 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hallux digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb digit 1 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of big toe" EXACT [FMA:32884] synonym: "phalanx of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32884] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of great toe" EXACT [FMA:32884] synonym: "phalanx of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19124 xref: FMA:32884 xref: MA:0001381 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_1_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361798006 xref: UMLS:C1708080 is_a: UBERON:0001449 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of pes relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010680 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003641 name: pedal digit 2 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001382] synonym: "foot digit 2 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 2 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32899] synonym: "second toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32899] xref: EMAPA:19126 xref: FMA:32899 xref: MA:0001382 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_2_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361800004 xref: UMLS:C1708082 is_a: UBERON:0001449 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of pes relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010681 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003642 name: pedal digit 3 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001383] synonym: "foot digit 3 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 3 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32900] synonym: "third toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32900] xref: EMAPA:19128 xref: FMA:32900 xref: MA:0001383 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_3_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361802007 xref: UMLS:C1708084 is_a: UBERON:0001449 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of pes relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010682 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003645 name: metacarpal bone of digit 1 namespace: uberon def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 1." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 1 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "first digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23899] synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "manual digit 1 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal 1" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 1" EXACT [MA:0001364] synonym: "metacarpal bone of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal I" EXACT [FMA:23899] synonym: "metacarpal of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pollex ; digitus primus [ I ] metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pollex ; digitus primus [ I ] metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0010616 xref: EMAPA:19112 xref: FMA:23899 xref: MA:0001364 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_1 xref: SCTID:181973009 xref: UMLS:C1708987 is_a: UBERON:0013581 ! metapodium bone 1 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010570 ! manual digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The first metacarpal bone or the metacarpal bone of the thumb is the first bone of the thumb. It is connected to the trapezium of the carpus at the first carpometacarpal joint and to the proximal thumb phalanx at the first metacarpophalangeal joint[Wikipedia:First_metacarpal_bone]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:First_metacarpal_bone"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003646 name: metacarpal bone of digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 2." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 2 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "manual digit 2 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal 2" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 2" EXACT [MA:0001365] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal II" EXACT [FMA:23900] synonym: "metacarpal of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23900] xref: AAO:0000853 xref: EMAPA:19114 xref: FMA:23900 xref: MA:0001365 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_2 xref: SCTID:263399007 xref: UMLS:C1708988 is_a: UBERON:0013582 ! metapodium bone 2 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010571 ! manual digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with the prepollex and carpal 2(1) or carpal 2+3(1+2) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit II(I) distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000853", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003647 name: metacarpal bone of digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 3[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Third_metacarpal_bone] synonym: "3 rd digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cannon bone" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "finger 3 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "manual digit 3 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal 3" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 3" EXACT [MA:0001366] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal III" EXACT [FMA:23901] synonym: "metacarpal of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23901] xref: AAO:0000854 xref: EMAPA:19116 xref: FMA:23901 xref: MA:0001366 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_3 xref: SCTID:263400000 xref: UMLS:C1708989 is_a: UBERON:0013583 ! metapodium bone 3 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010572 ! manual digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with carpal 3(2) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit III(II) distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000854", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The third metacarpal bone (metacarpal bone of the middle finger) is a little smaller than the second. The dorsal aspect of its base presents on its radial side a pyramidal eminence, the styloid process, which extends upward behind the capitate; immediately distal to this is a rough surface for the attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. The carpal articular facet is concave behind, flat in front, and articulates with the capitate. On the radial side is a smooth, concave facet for articulation with the second metacarpal, and on the ulnar side two small oval facets for the fourth metacarpal[Wikipedia:Third_metacarpal_bone]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Third_metacarpal_bone"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003648 name: metacarpal bone of digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 4 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "fourth finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23902] synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "manual digit 4 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal 4" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 4" EXACT [MA:0001367] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal IV" EXACT [FMA:23902] synonym: "metacarpal of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0010615 xref: EMAPA:19118 xref: FMA:23902 xref: MA:0001367 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_4 xref: SCTID:263401001 xref: UMLS:C1708990 is_a: UBERON:0013584 ! metapodium bone 4 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010573 ! manual digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The fourth metacarpal bone (metacarpal bone of the ring finger) is shorter and smaller than the third. The base is small and quadrilateral; its superior surface presents two facets, a large one medially for articulation with the hamate, and a small one laterally for the capitate. On the radial side are two oval facets, for articulation with the third metacarpal; and on the ulnar side a single concave facet, for the fifth metacarpal[Wikipedia:Fourth_metacarpal_bone]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Fourth_metacarpal_bone"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003649 name: metacarpal bone of digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 5." [OBOL:automatic] comment: note FMA also has FMA:36782 synonym: "5 th digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23903] synonym: "finger 5 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "manual digit 5 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal 5" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 5" EXACT [MA:0001368] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal V" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000855 xref: EMAPA:19120 xref: FMA:23903 xref: MA:0001368 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_5 xref: SCTID:263402008 xref: UMLS:C1711224 is_a: UBERON:0013585 ! metapodium bone 5 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010574 ! manual digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with carpal 5(4) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit V(IV) distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000855", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The fifth metacarpal bone (metacarpal bone of the little finger or pinky finger) is the most lateral metacarpal[Wikipedia:Fifth_metacarpal_bone]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Fifth_metacarpal_bone"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003650 name: metatarsal bone of digit 1 namespace: uberon def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24502] synonym: "foot digit 1 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 1" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 1" EXACT [MA:0001369] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal bone of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal I" EXACT [AAO:0000925] synonym: "toe 1 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 1 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000925 xref: EMAPA:19123 xref: FMA:24502 xref: MA:0001369 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_1 xref: SCTID:182121005 xref: UMLS:C1708999 is_a: UBERON:0013581 ! metapodium bone 1 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010557 ! pedal digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with the prepollex and tarsal 1 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit I distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000925", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The first metatarsal bone is the bone in the body of the foot just behind the big toe. It is remarkable for its great thickness, and is the shortest of the metatarsal bones. The body is strong, and of well-marked prismoid form. The base presents, as a rule, no articular facets on its sides, but occasionally on the lateral side there is an oval facet, by which it articulates with the second metatarsal. Its proximal articular surface is of large size and kidney-shaped; its circumference is grooved, for the tarsometatarsal ligaments, and medially gives insertion to part of the tendon of the Tibialis anterior; its plantar angle presents a rough oval prominence for the insertion of the tendon of the Peronľus longus. The head is large; on its plantar surface are two grooved facets, on which glide sesamoid bones; the facets are separated by a smooth elevation[Wikipedia:First_metatarsal_bone]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:First_metatarsal_bone"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003651 name: metatarsal bone of digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 2" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 2" EXACT [MA:0001370] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal II" EXACT [AAO:0000926] synonym: "second metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24503] synonym: "toe 2 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 2 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000926 xref: EMAPA:19125 xref: FMA:24503 xref: MA:0001370 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_2 xref: SCTID:182128004 xref: UMLS:C1709000 is_a: UBERON:0013582 ! metapodium bone 2 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010558 ! pedal digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 2 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit II distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000926", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003652 name: metatarsal bone of digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Third_metatarsal_bone] synonym: "cannon bone" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "foot digit 3 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 3" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 3" EXACT [MA:0001371] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal III" EXACT [AAO:0000927] synonym: "third metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24504] synonym: "toe 3 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 3 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000927 xref: EMAPA:19127 xref: FMA:24504 xref: MA:0001371 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_3 xref: SCTID:182134006 xref: UMLS:C1709001 is_a: UBERON:0013583 ! metapodium bone 3 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010559 ! pedal digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 3 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit III distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000927", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The third metatarsal bone articulates proximally, by means of a triangular smooth surface, with the third cuneiform; medially, by two facets, with the second metatarsal; and laterally, by a single facet, with the fourth metatarsal. This last facet is situated at the dorsal angle of the base[Wikipedia:Third_metatarsal_bone]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Third_metatarsal_bone"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003653 name: metatarsal bone of digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24505] synonym: "metatarsal 4" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 4" EXACT [MA:0001372] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal IV" EXACT [AAO:0000928] synonym: "toe 4 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 4 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000928 xref: EMAPA:19129 xref: FMA:24505 xref: MA:0001372 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_4 xref: SCTID:182139001 xref: UMLS:C1709002 is_a: UBERON:0013584 ! metapodium bone 4 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010560 ! pedal digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 4 or the distal head of the tibiale-fibulare proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit IV distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000928", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The fourth metatarsal bone is smaller in size than the third; its base presents an oblique quadrilateral surface for articulation with the cuboid; a smooth facet on the medial side, divided by a ridge into an anterior portion for articulation with the third metatarsal, and a posterior portion for articulation with the third cuneiform; on the lateral side a single facet, for articulation with the fifth metatarsal[Wikipedia:Fourth_metatarsal_bone]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Fourth_metatarsal_bone"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003654 name: metatarsal bone of digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24506] synonym: "foot digit 5 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 5" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 5" EXACT [MA:0001373] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal V" EXACT [AAO:0000929] synonym: "toe 5 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 5 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000929 xref: EMAPA:19131 xref: FMA:24506 xref: MA:0001373 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_5 xref: SCTID:182144008 xref: UMLS:C1709003 is_a: UBERON:0013585 ! metapodium bone 5 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010561 ! pedal digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation property_value: ray_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 5 or the distal head of the tibiale-fibulare proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit V distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000929", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The fifth metatarsal bone is recognized by a rough eminence, the tuberosity, on the lateral side of its base. The base articulates behind, by a triangular surface cut obliquely in a transverse direction, with the cuboid; and medially, with the fourth metatarsal. On the medial part of its dorsal surface is inserted the tendon of the Peronľus tertius and on the dorsal surface of the tuberosity that of the Peronľus brevis. A strong band of the plantar aponeurosis connects the projecting part of the tuberosity with the lateral process of the tuberosity of the calcaneus. The plantar surface of the base is grooved for the tendon of the Abductor digiti quinti, and gives origin to the Flexor digiti quinti brevis. The base of the metatarsal is often injured and a particularly notorious fracture is the Jones fracture. When the tuberosity is broken, it is called a pseudo-Jones fracture or a dancer's fracture. This is a common fracture of the fifth metatarsal. Stress fractures are common in the fifth metatarsal among athletes[Wikipedia:Fifth_metatarsal_bone]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Fifth_metatarsal_bone"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003656 name: mesopodium bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a mesopodial skeleton[cjm]. The carpus (wrist) and tarsus (ankle) of land vertebrates primitively had three rows of carpal or tarsal bones. Often some of these have become lost or fused in evolution. Three proximals. In the hand humans has all three. In the foot the middle proximal appears in 5-15% of people as an os trigonum. Centrale or os centrale, on the medial side. In humans and our closest relatives the African apes (chimpanzees and gorillas) it fuses to the scaphoid where it forms the articulation with the trapezoid bone; occasionally it stays separate. In Man's foot it is the navicular. Some early land vertebrates had more than one (up to three) os centrale per hand or foot. Distals, one per finger / toe at the base of each metacarpal or metatarsal. In mammals the 4th and 5th fuse. In the horse the 1st is lost[WP]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Carpus_and_tarsus_of_land_vertebrates] synonym: "basipodium bone" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "carpal/tarsal bone" EXACT [MA:0000295] synonym: "mesopod bone" EXACT [] synonym: "mesopodial bone" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000295 is_a: UBERON:0011250 {is_inferred="true"} ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009878 {notes="intentional hidden GCI"} ! mesopodial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003821 name: metapodium bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone of the metapodial skeleton" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "metacarpal or metatarsal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal bone" EXACT [MA:0000301] synonym: "metapodi bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "metapodial bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "metapodium bone" EXACT [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/metapodial, UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0000301 is_a: UBERON:0002495 {source="FMA-abduced"} ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003606 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb long bone is_a: UBERON:0012357 {is_inferred="true"} ! digitopodium bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010546 {notes="intentional hidden GCI"} ! metapodial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003826 name: upper leg bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000682 is_a: UBERON:0005893 {is_inferred="true"} ! leg bone [Term] id: UBERON:0003862 name: pedal digit 4 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001384] synonym: "foot digit 4 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "fourth toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32901] synonym: "hind limb digit 4 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:32901] xref: EMAPA:19130 xref: FMA:32901 xref: MA:0001384 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_4_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361804008 xref: UMLS:C1708086 is_a: UBERON:0001449 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of pes relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010683 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003863 name: pedal digit 5 phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001385] synonym: "foot digit 5 phalanx" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 5 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "little toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32902] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32902] synonym: "phalanx of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:32902] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of little toe" EXACT [FMA:32902] xref: EMAPA:19132 xref: FMA:32902 xref: MA:0001385 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_5_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361806005 xref: UMLS:C1708088 is_a: UBERON:0001449 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx of pes relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010684 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0003864 name: middle phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand middle phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001394] synonym: "middle manual phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "middle phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:75817] synonym: "middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [MA:0001394] synonym: "middle phalanx of manual digit" EXACT [] xref: FMA:75817 xref: MA:0001394 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Phalanx_of_the_Hand xref: SCTID:113223004 xref: SCTID:371230003 xref: UMLS:C0223828 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003865 name: distal phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This is typically proximally connected to the middle phalanx of manus, except in some cases such as the human thumb, where it connects to the proximal phalanx. It always connects to some phalanx, by definition synonym: "distal manual phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "distal phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:75818] synonym: "distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "distal phalanx of manual digit" EXACT [] synonym: "hand distal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001388] synonym: "terminal phalanx of hand" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "ungual phalanx of hand" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679] xref: FMA:75818 xref: MA:0001388 xref: ncithesaurus:Distal_Phalanx_of_Hand xref: SCTID:182001007 xref: SCTID:361782004 xref: UMLS:C1269782 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003866 name: middle phalanx of pes namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot middle phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001386] synonym: "middle pedal phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "middle phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:75829] xref: FMA:75829 xref: MA:0001386 xref: SCTID:83207005 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003867 name: distal phalanx of pes namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This is typically proximally connected to the middle phalanx of pes, except in some cases such as the human big toe, where it connects to the proximal phalanx. It always connects to some phalanx, by definition synonym: "distal pedal phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "distal phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:75830] synonym: "foot distal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001380] synonym: "terminal phalanx of foot" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "terminal phalanx of hindlimb" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "ungual phalanx of foot" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679] synonym: "ungual phalanx of hindlimb" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679] xref: FMA:75830 xref: MA:0001380 xref: ncithesaurus:Distal_Phalanx_of_Foot xref: SCTID:361797001 xref: UMLS:C0224026 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003868 name: proximal phalanx of pes namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot proximal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001387] synonym: "proximal pedal phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of hind digit" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:75828] xref: FMA:75828 xref: MA:0001387 xref: ncithesaurus:Proximal_Phalanx_of_Foot xref: SCTID:85533000 xref: UMLS:C0224020 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003958 name: long bone epiphyseal ossification zone namespace: uberon def: "The layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited" [MP:0006399] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0004098 name: tibial plateaux namespace: uberon def: "." [HP:0003832] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0004109 name: cortex of humerus namespace: uberon def: "." [HP:0010629] synonym: "compact bone of humerus" EXACT [FMA:31542] synonym: "cortex of the humerus" EXACT [] synonym: "humerus compact bone" EXACT [] synonym: "humerus cortical bone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:31542 is_a: UBERON:0005808 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone tissue of long bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004248 name: pedal digit bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb digit. Typically phalanges but may include sesamoids." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bone of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digital bone of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "digitus pedis bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit bone" EXACT [MA:0000646] synonym: "foot digit bone" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "foot digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000646 is_a: UBERON:0012359 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digitopodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004249 name: manual digit bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a forelimb digit. Typically phalanges but may include sesamoids." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bone of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digital bone of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "digitus manus bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit bone" EXACT [MA:0000622] synonym: "hand digit bone" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000622 is_a: UBERON:0012358 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digitopodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004250 name: upper arm bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000604 is_a: UBERON:0003466 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb zeugopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0004251 name: hindlimb zeugopod bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower leg bone" EXACT [MA:0000676] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000676 is_a: UBERON:0005893 {is_inferred="true"} ! leg bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004311 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:23946] synonym: "distal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23946] synonym: "distal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23946] synonym: "second finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23946 xref: SCTID:361784003 is_a: UBERON:0003636 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004312 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:23947] synonym: "distal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23947] synonym: "distal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23947] synonym: "third finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23947 xref: SCTID:361786001 is_a: UBERON:0003637 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004313 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23948] synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:23948] synonym: "fourth distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23948] synonym: "fourth finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23948 xref: SCTID:361788000 is_a: UBERON:0003638 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004314 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23949] synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:23949] synonym: "fifth distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23949] synonym: "fifth finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23949 xref: SCTID:361790004 is_a: UBERON:0003639 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004315 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 1 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of big toe" EXACT [FMA:32627] synonym: "distal phalanx of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32627] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of great toe" EXACT [FMA:32627] synonym: "distal phalanx of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32627] synonym: "foot digit 1 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32627 xref: SCTID:361799003 is_a: UBERON:0003640 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 1 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004316 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32628] synonym: "distal phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32628] synonym: "foot digit 2 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32628] xref: FMA:32628 xref: SCTID:361801000 is_a: UBERON:0003641 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004317 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32629] synonym: "distal phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32629] synonym: "foot digit 3 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32629] xref: FMA:32629 xref: SCTID:361803002 is_a: UBERON:0003642 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004318 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32630] synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:32630] synonym: "foot digit 4 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32630] xref: FMA:32630 xref: SCTID:361805009 is_a: UBERON:0003862 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004319 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32631] synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:32631] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of little toe" EXACT [FMA:32631] synonym: "fifth distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32631] synonym: "foot digit 5 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32631 xref: SCTID:10770001 xref: SCTID:244674003 is_a: UBERON:0003863 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004320 name: middle phalanx of manual digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:23933] synonym: "middle phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23933] synonym: "middle phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23933] xref: FMA:23933 xref: SCTID:263407002 is_a: UBERON:0003636 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003864 {is_inferred="true"} ! middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004321 name: middle phalanx of manual digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23934] synonym: "middle phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23934] xref: FMA:23934 xref: SCTID:263408007 is_a: UBERON:0003637 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003864 {is_inferred="true"} ! middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004322 name: middle phalanx of manual digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23935] synonym: "hand digit 4 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23935] synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23935 xref: SCTID:263409004 is_a: UBERON:0003638 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003864 {is_inferred="true"} ! middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004323 name: middle phalanx of manual digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23936] synonym: "hand digit 5 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23936] synonym: "middle phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of little finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23936 xref: SCTID:263410009 is_a: UBERON:0003639 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003864 {is_inferred="true"} ! middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004324 name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32623] synonym: "middle phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32623] synonym: "second middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32623] xref: FMA:32623 xref: SCTID:182152006 is_a: UBERON:0003641 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003866 {is_inferred="true"} ! middle phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004325 name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32624] synonym: "middle phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32624] synonym: "third middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32624] xref: FMA:32624 xref: SCTID:182154007 is_a: UBERON:0003642 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003866 {is_inferred="true"} ! middle phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004326 name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32625] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32625] synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32625 xref: SCTID:182156009 is_a: UBERON:0003862 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003866 {is_inferred="true"} ! middle phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004327 name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of little toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:230984 xref: SCTID:182158005 xref: SCTID:244673009 is_a: UBERON:0003863 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003866 {is_inferred="true"} ! middle phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004328 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:23919] synonym: "proximal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23919] synonym: "proximal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23919] xref: FMA:23919 xref: SCTID:263403003 is_a: UBERON:0002234 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003636 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 2 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004329 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:23920] synonym: "proximal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23920] synonym: "proximal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23920] xref: FMA:23920 xref: SCTID:263404009 is_a: UBERON:0002234 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003637 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 3 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004330 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23921] synonym: "hand digit 4 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23921] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:23921] xref: FMA:23921 xref: SCTID:263405005 is_a: UBERON:0002234 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003638 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 4 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004331 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23922] synonym: "hand digit 5 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23922] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:23922] xref: FMA:23922 xref: SCTID:263406006 is_a: UBERON:0002234 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003639 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 5 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004332 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of big toe" EXACT [FMA:43252] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of great toe" EXACT [FMA:43252] synonym: "proximal phalanx of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 1st toe" EXACT [] xref: FMA:43252 xref: SCTID:182150003 is_a: UBERON:0003640 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 1 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004333 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32618] synonym: "proximal phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32618] synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 2nd toe" EXACT [] synonym: "second proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32618] xref: FMA:32618 xref: SCTID:182151004 is_a: UBERON:0003641 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004334 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 3rd toe" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32619] synonym: "proximal phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32619] synonym: "third proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32619] xref: FMA:32619 xref: SCTID:182153001 is_a: UBERON:0003642 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004335 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32620] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32620] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:32620] synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 4th toe" EXACT [] xref: FMA:32620 xref: SCTID:182155008 is_a: UBERON:0003862 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004336 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32621] synonym: "foot digit 5 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32621] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:32621] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of little toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 5th toe" EXACT [] xref: FMA:32621 xref: SCTID:182157000 xref: SCTID:244672004 is_a: UBERON:0003863 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004337 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 1 namespace: uberon def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Taxon notes: The human pollical distal phalanx (PDP) has a pronounced insertion for the flexor pollicis longus (asymmetric towards the radial side), an ungual fossa, and a pair of dissymmetric ungual spines (the ulnar being more prominent). This asymmetry is necessary to ensure that the thumb pulp is always facing the pulps of the other digits, an osteological configuration which provides the maximum contact surface with held objects.[WP] synonym: "distal phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23945] synonym: "distal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23945] synonym: "PDP" EXACT [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges#Thumb] synonym: "pollical distal phalanx" EXACT [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges#Thumb] synonym: "thumb distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23945 xref: SCTID:182007006 is_a: UBERON:0003620 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 1 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004338 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23918] synonym: "proximal phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23918] synonym: "proximal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb proximal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23918 xref: SCTID:181992006 is_a: UBERON:0002234 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003620 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 1 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004375 name: bone of free limb or fin namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of an appendage [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "appendage bone" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of appendage" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of free segment of appendicular skeleton" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0010740 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone of appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0011582 ! limb/fin skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0004381 name: skeleton of limb namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Note that EHDAA2 considers hip and shoulder joints part of limb skeleton. synonym: "free limb skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000300] synonym: "limb skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002221] synonym: "set of bones of limb" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0002221 xref: VSAO:0000300 is_a: UBERON:0010712 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb skeleton subdivision is_a: UBERON:0011582 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb/fin skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal subdivision that is part of the limb.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000300", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004382 name: epiphysis of humerus namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a humerus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "humeral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32825 xref: SCTID:313054009 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0004383 name: epiphysis of tibia namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a tibia [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tibial epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33112] xref: FMA:33112 xref: SCTID:314626006 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0004384 name: epiphysis of femur namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a femur [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "femoral epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:32838] xref: FMA:32838 xref: SCTID:314625005 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:0004385 name: epiphysis of radius namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a radius [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "radial epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33770] xref: FMA:33770 xref: SCTID:313055005 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004386 name: epiphysis of ulna namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of an ulna [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ulnar epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33748] xref: FMA:33748 xref: SCTID:313056006 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0004387 name: epiphysis of phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of a manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: FMA:240707 xref: SCTID:314620000 is_a: UBERON:0004446 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004388 name: epiphysis of fibula namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a fibula [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibula epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33726] xref: FMA:33726 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula [Term] id: UBERON:0004389 name: epiphysis of metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33814] synonym: "metatarsal epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:33814 xref: SCTID:313057002 is_a: UBERON:0011973 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004390 name: epiphysis of metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of metacarpal" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33792] synonym: "metacarpal epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:33792 xref: SCTID:314907001 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004391 name: epiphysis of first metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33793] synonym: "metacarpal 1 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:33793 is_a: UBERON:0004390 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004392 name: epiphysis of second metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal 2 epiphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "second metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33794] xref: FMA:33794 is_a: UBERON:0004390 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004393 name: epiphysis of third metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal 3 epiphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "third metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86328] xref: FMA:86328 is_a: UBERON:0004390 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004394 name: epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86329] synonym: "metacarpal 4 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86329 is_a: UBERON:0004390 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004395 name: epiphysis of first metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33815] synonym: "metatarsal 1 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:33815 is_a: UBERON:0004389 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004396 name: epiphysis of second metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 2 epiphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "second metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33816] xref: FMA:33816 is_a: UBERON:0004389 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004397 name: epiphysis of third metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 3 epiphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "third metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86313] xref: FMA:86313 is_a: UBERON:0004389 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004398 name: epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86314] synonym: "metatarsal 4 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86314 is_a: UBERON:0004389 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004399 name: epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86315] synonym: "metatarsal 5 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86315 is_a: UBERON:0004389 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004400 name: bone tissue of epiphysis namespace: uberon def: "A portion of bone tissue that is part of a epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:241364 is_a: UBERON:0005808 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone tissue of long bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004401 name: bone tissue of distal epiphysis namespace: uberon def: "A portion of bone tissue that is part of a distal epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:241374 is_a: UBERON:0004400 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone tissue of epiphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004402 name: bone tissue of proximal epiphysis namespace: uberon def: "A portion of bone tissue that is part of a proximal epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:241372 is_a: UBERON:0004400 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone tissue of epiphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004403 name: periosteum of epiphysis namespace: uberon def: "A periosteum that is part of a epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis periosteum" EXACT [FMA:32687] xref: FMA:32687 [Term] id: UBERON:0004404 name: distal epiphysis of humerus namespace: uberon def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a humerus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:32826] synonym: "lower end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:32826] xref: FMA:32826 xref: SCTID:310655007 is_a: UBERON:0004382 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0004405 name: distal epiphysis of tibia namespace: uberon def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a tibia [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33116] synonym: "lower end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33116] xref: FMA:33116 xref: SCTID:302527001 is_a: UBERON:0004383 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0004406 name: distal epiphysis of femur namespace: uberon def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a femur [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal femoral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "distal head of femur" RELATED [AAO:0000893] xref: AAO:0000893 xref: FMA:32844 xref: SCTID:280016000 is_a: UBERON:0004384 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of femur property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Head of the femur that articulates with the tibia and fibula.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000893", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004407 name: distal epiphysis of radius namespace: uberon def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a radius [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of radius" EXACT [FMA:33776] synonym: "lower end of radius" EXACT [FMA:33776] xref: FMA:33776 xref: SCTID:280013008 is_a: UBERON:0004385 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of radius [Term] id: UBERON:0004408 name: distal epiphysis of ulna namespace: uberon def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a ulna [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33754] synonym: "lower end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33754] xref: FMA:33754 xref: SCTID:302521000 is_a: UBERON:0004386 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0004409 name: distal epiphysis of phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: FMA:226577 is_a: UBERON:0004387 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0004448 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal epiphysis of phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004410 name: distal epiphysis of fibula namespace: uberon def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a fibula [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33732] synonym: "lower end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33732] xref: FMA:33732 xref: SCTID:129111008 xref: SCTID:280018004 is_a: UBERON:0004388 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of fibula [Term] id: UBERON:0004411 name: proximal epiphysis of humerus namespace: uberon def: "The upper extremity of the humerus (proximal humerus) consists of a large rounded head joined to the body by a constricted portion called the neck, and two eminences, the greater and lesser tubercles." [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus] synonym: "head of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus] synonym: "humeral head" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus] synonym: "proximal end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23362] synonym: "proximal humeral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "proximal humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus] synonym: "upper end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23362] synonym: "upper extremity of humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus] xref: FMA:23362 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Gray207.png xref: SCTID:280028008 is_a: UBERON:0004382 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0004412 name: proximal epiphysis of femur namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a femur [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal femoral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:32841 xref: SCTID:244702009 is_a: UBERON:0004384 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0004413 name: proximal epiphysis of radius namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a radius [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal end of radius" EXACT [FMA:39780] synonym: "proximal radial epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "upper end of radius" EXACT [FMA:39780] xref: FMA:39780 xref: SCTID:280029000 is_a: UBERON:0004385 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of radius [Term] id: UBERON:0004414 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:226482] synonym: "base of phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:226482] synonym: "basis phalangis manus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:226482, FMA:TA] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: FMA:226482 xref: SCTID:272704004 is_a: UBERON:0004387 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0004447 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004415 name: proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:33817] synonym: "basis ossis metatarsi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:33817, FMA:TA] synonym: "proximal end of metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:33817] synonym: "upper end of metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:33817] xref: FMA:33817 xref: SCTID:119545008 is_a: UBERON:0004389 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004416 name: proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:33795] synonym: "basis ossis metacarpi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:33795, FMA:TA] synonym: "metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:33795] synonym: "proximal end of metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:33795] synonym: "upper end of metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:33795] xref: FMA:33795 xref: SCTID:272695001 is_a: UBERON:0004390 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004417 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 1 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37489] synonym: "base of phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37489] synonym: "base of phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37489] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37489, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37489 xref: SCTID:272700008 is_a: UBERON:0004414 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004418 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 2 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37498] synonym: "base of phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37498] synonym: "base of phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37498] synonym: "base of phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37498] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37498, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2" EXACT [] xref: FMA:37498 xref: SCTID:368307004 is_a: UBERON:0004414 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004419 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 3 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37510] synonym: "base of phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37510] synonym: "base of phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37510] synonym: "base of phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37510] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37510, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37510 xref: SCTID:181997000 is_a: UBERON:0004414 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004420 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 4 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37522] synonym: "base of phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37522] synonym: "base of phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37522] synonym: "base of phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37522] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37522, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37522 xref: SCTID:368337008 is_a: UBERON:0004414 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004421 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 5 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "base of phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "base of phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "base of phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37534, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5" EXACT [] xref: FMA:37534 xref: SCTID:368351008 is_a: UBERON:0004414 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004422 name: proximal epiphysis of first metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of first metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42788] synonym: "first metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42788] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 1" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42788 xref: SCTID:181978000 is_a: UBERON:0004391 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of first metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0004416 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004423 name: proximal epiphysis of second metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of second metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42791] synonym: "proximal end of second metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42791] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 2" EXACT [] synonym: "second metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42791] xref: FMA:42791 xref: SCTID:263461004 is_a: UBERON:0004392 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of second metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0004416 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004424 name: proximal epiphysis of third metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of third metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42794] synonym: "proximal end of third metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42794] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 3" EXACT [] synonym: "third metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42794] xref: FMA:42794 xref: SCTID:263465008 is_a: UBERON:0004393 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of third metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0004416 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004425 name: proximal epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of fourth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42797] synonym: "fourth metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42797] synonym: "proximal end of fourth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42797] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 4" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42797 xref: SCTID:263469002 is_a: UBERON:0004394 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0004416 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004426 name: proximal epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of fifth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42800] synonym: "fifth metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42800] synonym: "proximal end of fifth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42800] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 5" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42800 xref: SCTID:263473004 is_a: UBERON:0004416 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0011104 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004427 name: proximal epiphysis of first metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of first metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42963] synonym: "proximal end of first metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42963] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 1" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42963 xref: SCTID:182124002 is_a: UBERON:0004395 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of first metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004428 name: proximal epiphysis of second metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of second metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42964] synonym: "proximal end of second metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42964] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 2" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42964 xref: SCTID:182130002 is_a: UBERON:0004396 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of second metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004429 name: proximal epiphysis of third metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of third metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42965] synonym: "proximal end of third metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42965] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 3" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42965 xref: SCTID:182135007 is_a: UBERON:0004397 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of third metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004430 name: proximal epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of fourth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42966] synonym: "proximal end of fourth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42966] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 4" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42966 xref: SCTID:182140004 is_a: UBERON:0004398 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004431 name: proximal epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of fifth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42967] synonym: "proximal end of fifth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42967] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 5" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42967 xref: SCTID:182145009 is_a: UBERON:0004399 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004432 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37505] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37505] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37505] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37505] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37505, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37505 xref: SCTID:263445001 is_a: UBERON:0004418 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2 is_a: UBERON:0011979 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004433 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37517] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37517] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37517] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37517, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37517 xref: SCTID:263446000 is_a: UBERON:0004419 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3 is_a: UBERON:0011979 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004434 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37529, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37529 xref: SCTID:263447009 is_a: UBERON:0004420 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4 is_a: UBERON:0011979 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004435 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37541, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37541 xref: SCTID:263448004 is_a: UBERON:0004421 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5 is_a: UBERON:0011979 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004436 name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37502] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37502] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37502] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37502] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37502, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37502 xref: SCTID:263428006 is_a: UBERON:0004418 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2 is_a: UBERON:0011978 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004437 name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37514] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37514] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37514] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37514] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37514, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37514 xref: SCTID:263429003 is_a: UBERON:0004419 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3 is_a: UBERON:0011978 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004438 name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37526, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37526 xref: SCTID:263430008 is_a: UBERON:0004420 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4 is_a: UBERON:0011978 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004439 name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37538, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37538 xref: SCTID:263431007 is_a: UBERON:0004421 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5 is_a: UBERON:0011978 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004440 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37499] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37499] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37499] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37499, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37499 xref: SCTID:263412001 is_a: UBERON:0004418 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2 is_a: UBERON:0011977 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004441 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37511] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37511] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37511] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37511] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37511, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37511 xref: SCTID:263413006 is_a: UBERON:0004419 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3 is_a: UBERON:0011977 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004442 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37523, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37523 xref: SCTID:263414000 is_a: UBERON:0004420 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4 is_a: UBERON:0011977 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004443 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37535] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37535] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37535] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37535] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37535, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37535 xref: SCTID:263415004 is_a: UBERON:0004421 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5 is_a: UBERON:0011977 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004444 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 1 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37493] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37493, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37493 xref: SCTID:182008001 is_a: UBERON:0004417 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1 is_a: UBERON:0011979 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004445 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37490] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37490] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37490, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37490 xref: SCTID:181993001 is_a: UBERON:0004417 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1 is_a: UBERON:0011977 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004446 name: epiphysis of phalanx namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: SCTID:280033007 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004447 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004446 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004448 name: distal epiphysis of phalanx namespace: uberon def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004446 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004601 name: rib 1 namespace: uberon def: "The first rib is the most curved and usually the shortest of all the ribs; it is broad and flat, its surfaces looking upward and downward, and its borders inward and outward. The head is small, rounded, and possesses only a single articular facet, for articulation with the body of the first thoracic vertebra. The neck is narrow and rounded. The tubercle, thick and prominent, is placed on the outer border. There is no angle, but at the tubercle the rib is slightly bent, with the convexity upward, so that the head of the bone is directed downward. The upper surface of the body is marked by two shallow grooves, separated from each other by a slight ridge prolonged internally into a tubercle, the scalene tubercle, for the attachment of the Scalenus anterior; the anterior groove transmits the subclavian vein, the posterior the subclavian artery and the lowest trunk of the brachial plexus. Behind the posterior groove is a rough area for the attachment of the Scalenus medius. The under surface is smooth, and destitute of a costal groove. The outer border is convex, thick, and rounded, and at its posterior part gives attachment to the first digitation of the Serratus anterior. The inner border is concave, thin, and sharp, and marked about its center by the scalene tubercle. The anterior extremity is larger and thicker than that of any of the other ribs. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:First_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "costa prima" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:First_rib] synonym: "Costa prima (I)" EXACT [FMA:7597] synonym: "first rib" EXACT [FMA:7597] xref: FMA:7597 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray124.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray124.png/200px-Gray124.png xref: MA:0001401 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_1 xref: SCTID:182016005 xref: UMLS:C1709945 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004602 name: rib 2 namespace: uberon def: "The second rib is much longer than the first, but has a very similar curvature. The non-articular portion of the tubercle is occasionally only feebly marked. The angle is slight, and situated close to the tubercle. The body is not twisted, so that both ends touch any plane surface upon which it may be laid; but there is a bend, with its convexity upward, similar to, though smaller than that found in the first rib. The body is not flattened horizontally like that of the first rib. Its external surface is convex, and looks upward and a little outward; near the middle of it is a rough eminence for the origin of the lower part of the first and the whole of the second digitation of the Serratus anterior; behind and above this is attached the Scalenus posterior. The internal surface, smooth, and concave, is directed downward and a little inward: on its posterior part there is a short costal groove. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Second_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "costa secunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Second_rib] synonym: "Costa secunda (II)" EXACT [FMA:7620] synonym: "second rib" EXACT [FMA:7620] xref: FMA:7620 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray125.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray125.png/200px-Gray125.png xref: MA:0001402 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_2 xref: SCTID:244656007 xref: UMLS:C1709949 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004603 name: rib 3 namespace: uberon comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third rib" EXACT [FMA:7638] xref: FMA:7638 xref: MA:0001403 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_3 xref: SCTID:244658008 xref: UMLS:C1709950 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004604 name: rib 4 namespace: uberon comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fourth rib" EXACT [FMA:7749] xref: FMA:7749 xref: MA:0001404 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_4 xref: SCTID:244659000 xref: UMLS:C1709951 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004605 name: rib 5 namespace: uberon comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth rib" EXACT [FMA:7776] xref: FMA:7776 xref: MA:0001405 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_5 xref: SCTID:244660005 xref: UMLS:C1711376 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004606 name: rib 6 namespace: uberon comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "sixth rib" EXACT [FMA:8147] xref: FMA:8147 xref: MA:0001406 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_6 xref: SCTID:244661009 xref: UMLS:C1709952 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004607 name: rib 7 namespace: uberon comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "seventh rib" EXACT [FMA:7830] xref: FMA:7830 xref: MA:0001407 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_7 xref: SCTID:244662002 xref: UMLS:C1709953 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004608 name: rib 9 namespace: uberon comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "ninth rib" EXACT [FMA:8337] xref: FMA:8337 xref: MA:0001409 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_9 xref: SCTID:244664001 xref: UMLS:C1709955 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "9" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004609 name: rib 10 namespace: uberon def: "The tenth rib has only a single articular facet on its head. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tenth_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "tenth rib" EXACT [FMA:8418] xref: FMA:8418 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray126.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Gray126.png/200px-Gray126.png xref: MA:0001410 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_10 xref: SCTID:244665000 xref: UMLS:C1709946 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "10" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004610 name: rib 11 namespace: uberon def: "The eleventh rib has a single articular facet on the head, which is of rather large size. It has no necks or tubercles, and is pointed at its anterior ends. The eleventh has a slight angle and a shallow costal groove. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Eleventh_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eleventh rib" EXACT [FMA:8499] xref: FMA:8499 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Gray127.png xref: MA:0001411 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_11 xref: SCTID:244666004 xref: UMLS:C1709947 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "11" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004611 name: rib 12 namespace: uberon def: "In humans: The twelfth rib has a single articular facet on the head, which is of rather large size. It has no necks or tubercles, and is pointed at its anterior ends. The twelfth has angle nor costal groove; it is much shorter than the eleventh rib, and its head is inclined slightly downward. Sometimes the twelfth rib is even shorter than the first rib. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Twelfth_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "twelfth rib" EXACT [FMA:8515] xref: FMA:8515 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Gray128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray128.png/200px-Gray128.png xref: MA:0001412 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_12 xref: SCTID:244667008 xref: UMLS:C1709948 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "12" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004651 name: scapula spine namespace: uberon def: "a prominent plate of bone, which crosses obliquely the medial four-fifths of the scapula at its upper part, and separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa." [Wikipedia:Spine_of_scapula] comment: Taxon notes: the cleithrum, the major shoulder bone of extinct land vertebrate ancestors,.. appears to survive as the scapular spine in living mammals[Matsuoka, PMC1352163] synonym: "scapular spine" RELATED [FMA:13453, MA:0002806] synonym: "spina scapulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spine_of_scapula] synonym: "spine of scapula" EXACT [FMA:13453] xref: EMAPA:25123 xref: FMA:13453 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png/200px-Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png xref: MA:0002806 xref: SCTID:181916005 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 {source="FMA"} ! pectoral limb scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0004652 name: humerus diaphysis namespace: uberon def: "The body or shaft of the humerus is almost cylindrical in the upper half of its extent, prismatic and flattened below, and has three borders and three surfaces." [Wikipedia:Body_of_humerus] synonym: "body of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13305] synonym: "body of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_humerus] synonym: "corpus humeri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13305, FMA:TA] synonym: "diaphysis of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13305] synonym: "humeral diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:13305] synonym: "medial humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_humerus] synonym: "shaft of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13305] synonym: "shaft of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_humerus] xref: EMAPA:25051 xref: FMA:13305 xref: MA:0002807 xref: SCTID:181927007 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0004741 name: cleithrum namespace: uberon def: "Dermal bone on the margin of the scapula. The cleithrum is attached to the skull in fishes, but free from the latter in amphibians and disappears early in the evolution of reptiles." [VSAO:0000187, Wikipedia:Cleithrum] comment: Taxon notes: Found in some early members of Chelonia (e.g. Triassochelys), but missing in all later forms.[VSAO] synonym: "cleithra" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000184] synonym: "cleithrum bone" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "cleithrum@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000184] synonym: "clithra@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000184] synonym: "clithrum@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000184] xref: AAO:0000750 xref: EFO:0003507 xref: TAO:0000184 xref: VSAO:0000187 xref: ZFA:0000184 is_a: UBERON:0007829 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral girdle bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="ZFA"} ! pectoral girdle skeleton property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:40674 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Dermal bone that articulates dorsally with the supracleithrum and ventro-medially with the scapula and coracoid and mesocoracoid bone when the last bone is present. With the posttemporal and supracleithrum, the cleithrum supports the primary pectoral girdle. The cleithrum is located immediately behind the branchial cavity.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000184", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Paired bones of intramembranous origin. Each cleithrum extends medially from a point near the suprascapular-scapular articulation to invest the anterior margin of the suprascapula, and occasionoally it may extend to the dorsal (medial) surface. Usually, this bone is bifurcate.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000750", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000750", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000005 "Commonly, the cleithrum is a large, well-ossified bone provided with a dorsal and a ventral arm that form an angle of about 90 or a few more degrees. The dorsal arm may end in a sharp or spine-like process to articulate with the supracleithrum. At the confluence of both arms the bone presents a blade extending postero-ventrally and that may have different development among fishes. The anterior edge of the cleithrum is usually thick and may produce a medial plate of different degrees of development.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000184", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004743 name: coracoid bone namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral bone that is paired and forms part of the socket for the humerus in tetrapods and acts as base of the pectoral fin in fish." [VSAO:curator, Wikipedia:Coracoid] comment: Editor notes: check developmental relationships. Taxon notes: In Theria, coracoid bones non-existent or fused with the shoulder blades to form coracoid processes[WP]. Procoracoid+coracoid are homologuous with coracoid of teleostomi. The coracoid is a triangular shaped-bone that usually has an anteriorly directed long process that may joins its counterpart in some fish groups. It may be perforated by the coracoid foramen or it may be notched dorsally and forms the scapulo-coracoid foramen together with a similar notch of the ventral margin of the scapula[VSAO] Terminology notes: see discussion in Kardong - suggests using procoracoid (anterior coracoid) for the element in birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish, and reserving coracoid for the new synapsid/therian structure. synonym: "clavicula" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "clavicula posterior" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "clavicula vera" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "coracoc•de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000332] synonym: "coracoid" EXACT [ZFA:0000332] synonym: "coracoideum" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "coracoidien" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "coracoids" EXACT [ZFA:0000332] synonym: "hypocoracoc•de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000332] synonym: "metacoracoid " RELATED [VSAO:0000158] synonym: "pars sternalis scapulae" RELATED [AAO:0000764] xref: AAO:0000764 xref: TAO:0000332 xref: VSAO:0000158 xref: ZFA:0000332 is_a: UBERON:0007829 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral girdle bone disjoint_from: UBERON:0006633 ! coracoid process of scapula relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004753 ! scapulocoracoid relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="VSAO"} ! pectoral girdle skeleton property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:32525 {reference="ISBN:0-03-910284-X"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Endochondral bone that articulates dorsally with the scapula and with the mesocoracoid when the latter is present, posteriorly with the lower two or three proximal radials and antero-ventrally with the cleithrum. The coracoid develops from the scapulo-coracoid cartilage. The coracoid is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000332", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Paired cartilaginous structures or endochondral bones located on the posterolateral portions of the zonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000764", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of zonal element (AAO:0000936)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000764", ontology="AAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000005 "The coracoid is a triangular shaped-bone that usually has an anteriorly directed long process that may joins its counterpart in some fish groups. It may be perforated by the coracoid foramen or it may be notched dorsally and forms the scapulo-coracoid foramen together with a similar notch of the ventral margin of the scapula.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000332", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004753 name: scapulocoracoid namespace: uberon def: "Skeletal element that consists of the scapula and the coracoid[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0005002, Wikipedia:Scapulocoracoid] comment: AO notes: ZFA defines as precursor to scapula and coracoid. Cartilage in TAO. Editor notes: todo - decide whether to create separate classes for cartilage & ossified. Wikipedia considers this absent in Therians, but if considered as a grouping of scapula and coracoid then it would be present synonym: "coraco-scapular cartilage" NARROW [ZFA:0001455] synonym: "scapulo-coracoid cartilage" NARROW [TAO:0001455] synonym: "scapulocoracoid cartilage" NARROW [TAO:0001455] synonym: "scapulocoracoideum" EXACT [VSAO:0005002] xref: AAO:0000781 xref: TAO:0001455 xref: VSAO:0005002 xref: ZFA:0001455 relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="VSAO"} ! pectoral girdle skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "either a fusion of the scapula and coracoid (the two main bones of the shoulder girdle), or the scapula & coracoid considered as a single structural unit.[Palaeos]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-10", source="http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryS.html"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Fused, ossified portions of the scapula, procoracoid, and coracoid.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000781", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Pectoral fin cartilage that consists of a paired cartilaginous plate of the embryonic primary pectoral girdle and from which the scapular and coracaoid bones ossify.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001455", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000781", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004769 name: diaphysis namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between the two epiphyses, excluding the metaphyses[FMA,modified]." [FMA:24013, Wikipedia:Diaphysis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "body of long bone" EXACT [] synonym: "long bone diaphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "shaft of long bone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:24013 xref: GAID:189 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg/200px-Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: MESH:A02.835.232.169 xref: SCTID:361729006 is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between the two epiphyses; together with other the subdivisions of long bone, it constitutes the long bone. Examples: diaphysis of humerus, diaphysis of femur[FMA]." xsd:string {source="FMA:24013"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The main or mid section (shaft) of a long bone. It is made up of cortical bone and usually contains bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat)[WP][FMA:24013, Wikipedia:Diaphysis]." xsd:string {source="FMA:24013, Wikipedia:Diaphysis"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005055 name: zone of long bone namespace: uberon def: "An organ part that is part of a long bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "long bone zone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:24008 [Term] id: UBERON:0005808 name: bone tissue of long bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone tissue that is part of a long bone." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:83117 xref: SCTID:425475006 [Term] id: UBERON:0005809 name: cortex of manus bone namespace: uberon def: "." [HP:0005926] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0005893 name: leg bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of the region of the hindlimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia. Counter-examples: any pes phalanx" [UBERON:cjm] subset: grouping_class xref: MA:0000670 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500 is_a: UBERON:0003464 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone [Term] id: UBERON:0005897 name: manus bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of the manus skeleton. Note that this includes the carpal bones." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bone of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of hand proper or wrist" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of hand skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of pectoral limb autopod" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of pectoral limb autopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb autopod bone" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb autopodium bone" EXACT [] synonym: "hand bone" EXACT [MA:0000619] xref: MA:0000619 xref: SCTID:426741001 is_a: UBERON:0008962 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone is_a: UBERON:0011250 {is_inferred="true"} ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus property_value: UBPROP:0000006 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015 xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0005899 name: pes bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of the pes skeleton" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bone of foor proper or tarsal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of pedal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "foot bone" EXACT [MA:0000643] xref: GAID:192 xref: MA:0000643 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.300 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5ridZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361371005 xref: UMLS:C0016505 is_a: UBERON:0003464 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone is_a: UBERON:0011250 {is_inferred="true"} ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes property_value: UBPROP:0000006 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015 xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0006213 name: carpus cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a carpal bone." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000221 xref: EHDAA:8544 xref: EMAPA:18102 xref: VHOG:0001123 is_a: UBERON:0010883 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006214 ! carpus pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0006214 name: carpus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a carpal bone." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000222 xref: EHDAA:6324 xref: EMAPA:17724 xref: VHOG:0000955 is_a: UBERON:0010884 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0006234 name: femur pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000508 xref: EMAPA:17502 xref: VHOG:0000951 is_a: UBERON:0010886 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0006245 name: humerus cartilage condensation namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000787 xref: EHDAA:6240 xref: EMAPA:17713 xref: VHOG:0001120 is_a: UBERON:0010883 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006246 {source="EHDAA2"} ! humerus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 {source="EHDAA2"} ! forelimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006246 name: humerus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000788 xref: EHDAA:4192 xref: EMAPA:17427 xref: VHOG:0000950 is_a: UBERON:0010884 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 {source="EHDAA2"} ! forelimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006247 name: iliac pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000809 xref: EHDAA:9568 xref: EMAPA:18029 xref: VHOG:0000964 relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006254 name: ischial cartilage condensation namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000890 xref: EHDAA:9570 xref: EMAPA:26930 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006255 {source="EHDAA2"} ! ischial pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006255 name: ischial pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000891 xref: EHDAA:7153 xref: EMAPA:18348 xref: VHOG:0000962 relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006285 name: pubic pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001574 xref: EHDAA:9572 xref: EMAPA:18349 xref: EMAPA:26928 xref: VHOG:0000965 relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006286 name: radius cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a radius bone." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001585 xref: EHDAA:7267 xref: EMAPA:18054 xref: VHOG:0001318 is_a: UBERON:0010883 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006290 name: scapula cartilage condensation namespace: uberon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001777 xref: EHDAA:8368 xref: EMAPA:18343 xref: VHOG:0001125 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006291 {source="EHDAA2"} ! scapula pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006291 name: scapula pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon comment: Development notes: the scapula has been shown to develop from multiple tissues, such as the dermomyotome of the somites, the mesodermal portion of the soma- topleure (a domain of the lateral plate mesoderm or LPM) and neural crest cell-derived mesenchyme (Huang et al., 2000; Matsuoka et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2005).[PMID:21455939] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001778 xref: EHDAA:6041 xref: EMAPA:18027 xref: VHOG:0000960 relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006306 name: ulna cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a ulna." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002098 xref: EHDAA:7269 xref: EMAPA:18055 xref: VHOG:0001155 is_a: UBERON:0010883 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006430 name: xiphoid cartilage namespace: uberon def: "A costal cartilage that is part of a xiphoid process." [OBOL:automatic] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilage of xiphoid process" EXACT [FMA:32574] synonym: "ensiform cartilage" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "xiphoid cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "xiphoid process cartilage" EXACT [FMA:32574] xref: AAO:0000940 xref: EMAPA:18725 xref: FMA:32574 xref: MA:0001884 property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Distal, cartilaginous portion of the sternum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000940", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006633 name: coracoid process of scapula namespace: uberon def: "The coracoid process is a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula. Pointing laterally forward, it, together with the acromion, serves to stabilize the shoulder joint. It is palpable in the deltopectoral groove between the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles. It is the site of attachment for several structures: * The pectoralis minor muscle - to 3rd to 5th ribs. * The short head of biceps brachii muscle - to Radial tuberosity. * The coracobrachialis muscle - to medial humerus. * The coracoclavicular ligament - to the clavicle. (The ligament is formed by the conoid ligament and trapezoid ligament.) * The coracoacromial ligament - to the acromion[WP]." [Wikipedia:Coracoid_process] synonym: "coracoid process" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coracoid_process] synonym: "coracoid process of the scapula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coracoid_process] synonym: "processus coracoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coracoid_process] xref: EMAPA:25121 xref: FMA:13455 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png xref: SCTID:181912007 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 {source="FMA", source="EMAPA"} ! pectoral limb scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0006714 name: tibiofibula namespace: uberon def: "Paired, endochondral bones formed by the fusion of the tibia and fibula. They form the shanks, extending from the knees to the ankles." [AAO:Maglia_et_al_2007] synonym: "os cruris" RELATED [AAO:0000902] synonym: "tibia-fibula" EXACT [XAO:0003213] synonym: "tibiofibula" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000902 xref: XAO:0003213 is_a: UBERON:0004251 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb zeugopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 {source="AAO"} ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006715 name: radio-ulna namespace: uberon def: "Paired, long bones of endochondral origin formed by the fusion of the radius and ulna." [AAO:Maglia_et_al_2007] synonym: "radioulna" EXACT [XAO:0003209] synonym: "radius-ulna" EXACT [XAO:0003209] xref: AAO:0000901 xref: XAO:0003209 is_a: UBERON:0003466 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb zeugopod bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010848 ! radius-ulna cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 {source="VSAO"} ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006717 name: autopodial skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an autopodium region." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group synonym: "autopod skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "autopodial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005019] synonym: "autopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005019, VSAO:NI] synonym: "skeletal parts of autopod" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "skeleton of autopod" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: VSAO:0005019 is_a: UBERON:0010712 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 ! skeleton of limb property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Distal section of the limb skeleton, consisting of the anterior autopodium or posterior autopodium.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005019", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006767 name: head of femur namespace: uberon def: "The hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone[Stedman, 26th ed]. The femur head is the highest part of the thigh bone. It is supported by the neck of the femur. The head is globular and forms rather more than a hemisphere, is directed upward, medialward, and a little forward, the greater part of its convexity being above and in front. Its surface is smooth, coated with cartilage in the fresh state, except over an ovoid depression, the fovea capitis femoris, which is situated a little below and behind the center of the head, and gives attachment to the ligament of head of femur. If there is a fracture of the neck of the femur, the blood supply through the ligament becomes crucial. In orthopedic surgery, the head of the femur is important because it can undergo avascular necrosis and consequent osteochondritis dissecans. The head is removed in total hip replacement surgery [WP]." [MESH:A02.835.232.500.247.343, Wikipedia:Femur_head] synonym: "acetabular head" EXACT [AAO:0000892] synonym: "capital femoral epiphysis" RELATED [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/capital+femoral+epiphysis] synonym: "caput femoris" RELATED [AAO:0000892, Wikipedia:Femur_head] synonym: "caput femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femur_head] synonym: "femoral head" EXACT [FMA:32851] synonym: "femur head" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.232.500.247.343] xref: AAO:0000892 xref: FMA:32851 xref: galen:FemoralHead xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.247.343 xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Femur xref: SCTID:361791000 xref: UMLS:C0015813 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Proximal head of the femur, which articulates with the acetabulum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000892", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006768 name: epiphyseal line namespace: uberon synonym: "epiphysial junction" EXACT [FMA:9918] synonym: "line of bony union" EXACT [FMA:9918] xref: FMA:9918 xref: SCTID:333108008 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0006771 name: long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone namespace: uberon def: "germinal layer of the epiphyseal plate where cells are actively dividing as well as producing extracellular matrix[MP]." [MP:0003662] comment: In this zone, chondrocytes undergo rapid mitosis, forming distinctive looking stacks[WP] synonym: "epiphyseal plate proliferative zone" EXACT [] synonym: "zone of proliferation" RELATED [MA:0002976] xref: MA:0002976 is_a: UBERON:0006775 ! zone of epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006772 name: long bone epiphyseal plate hypertrophic zone namespace: uberon def: "the layer of the epiphyseal plate of a long bone where chondrocytes mature and enlarge[MP]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3442184&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, MP:0000165] comment: note that there is also MA:0002849 synonym: "epiphyseal plate hypertrophic zone" EXACT [] synonym: "hypertrophic chondrocyte zone" RELATED [MP:0000165] synonym: "long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone" RELATED [MP:0000165] synonym: "maturation zone" RELATED [MA:0002977] synonym: "zone of hypertrophic chondrocytes" RELATED [MA:0002977] xref: MA:0002977 is_a: UBERON:0006775 ! zone of epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006773 name: long bone epiphyseal plate ossification zone namespace: uberon def: "layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited[MP]." [MP:0006399] synonym: "epiphyseal plate ossification zone" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0006775 ! zone of epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006775 name: zone of epiphyseal plate namespace: uberon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006801 name: proximal head of humerus namespace: uberon alt_id: UBERON:3000835 def: "Hemispherical structure on proximal epiphysis of humerus that articulates with glenoid cavity[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus#Humeral_head] synonym: "caput humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000835, Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus#Humeral_head] synonym: "head of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13304] synonym: "humeral head" RELATED [FMA:13304, PHENOSCAPE:curators] xref: AAO:0000835 xref: EMAPA:25050 xref: FMA:13304 xref: galen:HeadOfHumerus xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Humerus xref: SCTID:181924000 xref: UMLS:C0223683 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004411 ! proximal epiphysis of humerus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hemispherical ball on the proximal end of the humerus that fits into the glenoid cavity of the pectoral girdle to form the shoulder joint[AAO]." xsd:string {external_class="AAO:0000835", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006803 name: obturator foramen namespace: uberon def: "The obturator foramen is the hole created by the ischium and pubis bones of the pelvis through which nerves and muscles pass." [Wikipedia:Obturator_foramen] synonym: "foramen obturatorium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16999] synonym: "foramen obturatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_foramen] xref: AAO:0000863 xref: FMA:16999 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Skeletpelvis-pubis.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Foramen xref: SCTID:361777006 xref: UMLS:C0223670 relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="AAO"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small opening for the passage of the obturatorius nerve that perforates the pubis.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000863", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: subclass pelvic girdle opening (AAO:0000767)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000863", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006805 name: sternal end of clavicle namespace: uberon def: "Medial end of the clavicle, which usually lies on the ventral side of the epicoracoid cartilage, just posterior to the epicoracoid bridge." [AAO:0000812] synonym: "extremitas medialis" RELATED [AAO:0000812] synonym: "extremitas sternalis (Clavicula)" EXACT [FMA:23297] synonym: "medial end" RELATED [AAO:0000812] synonym: "medial end of clavicle" EXACT [FMA:23297] xref: AAO:0000812 xref: FMA:23297 xref: SCTID:181920009 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle [Term] id: UBERON:0006806 name: entepicondyle of humerus namespace: uberon def: "A bony projection on the distal epiphysis of the humerus that is the attachment site for the flexor muscles of the manus. This condyle faces posteriorly (for sprawling tetrapods) or medially (for erect tetrapods)." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html, PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "e. medialis humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "elbow pit" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "entepicondyle" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:pm] synonym: "epicondylus medialis (humerus)" RELATED [FMA:23441] synonym: "epicondylus medialis humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000782] synonym: "medial epicondyle" BROAD [AAO:0000782] synonym: "medial epicondyle of humerus" RELATED HUMAN_PREFERRED [FMA:23441] synonym: "ulnar condyle of humerus" RELATED [http://www.termiumplus.gc.ca] synonym: "ventral epicondyle of humerus" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] xref: AAO:0000782 xref: FMA:23441 xref: galen:MedialHumeralEpicondyle xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/172x202xentepicondyleA1.gif.pagespeed.ic.EoVgrHaVyX.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray329-Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus.png xref: SCTID:181929005 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of humerus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Rounded projection at the distal head of the humerus and medial to the humeral head, which serves as a place of attachment for the flexor muscles antogonistic to those that attach to the lateral epicondyle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000782", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "entepicondylar" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006807 name: ectepicondyle of humerus namespace: uberon def: "A bony projection on the distal epiphysis of the humerus that is the attachment site for the extensor muscles of the distal parts of the forelimb. In humans, this is known as the lateral epicondyle, but the position varies across tetrapods." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html, PHENOSCAPE:ad, PMID:15064415, Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "dorsal epicondyle of humerus" RELATED [NCBITaxon:8782, Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "dorsal epicondyle of the humerus" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "e. lateralis humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "ectepicondyle" BROAD [PMID:15064415] synonym: "epicondylus lateralis (humerus)" EXACT [FMA:23442] synonym: "epicondylus lateralis humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000758] synonym: "lateral epicondyle" BROAD [AAO:0000758] synonym: "lateral epicondyle of humerus" RELATED HUMAN_PREFERRED [FMA:23442] xref: AAO:0000758 xref: FMA:23442 xref: galen:LateralHumeralEpicondyle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Gray420.png xref: SCTID:181933003 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of humerus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Rounded projection at the distal head of the humerus (larger and more prominent than the lateral epicondyle) and lateral to the humeral head, which serves as a place of attachment for the mm extensor antebrachii et carpi radialis, extensor digitorum communis, and in part to the m extensor antebrachii et carpi ulnaris.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000758", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006810 name: olecranon namespace: uberon def: "The olecranon is a large, thick, curved bony eminence of the forearm that projects behind the elbow. It is situated at the upper (proximal) end of the ulna, one of the two bones in the forearm. When the hand faces forward the olecranon faces towards the back (posteriorly). It is bent forward at the summit so as to present a prominent lip which is received into the olecranon fossa of the humerus in extension of the forearm. Its base is contracted where it joins the body and the narrowest part of the upper end of the ulna. Its posterior surface, directed backward, is triangular, smooth, subcutaneous, and covered by a bursa. Its superior surface is of quadrilateral form, marked behind by a rough impression for the insertion of the Triceps brachii; and in front, near the margin, by a slight transverse groove for the attachment of part of the posterior ligament of the elbow-joint. Its anterior surface is smooth, concave, and forms the upper part of the semilunar notch. Its borders present continuations of the groove on the margin of the superior surface; they serve for the attachment of ligaments, viz. , the back part of the ulnar collateral ligament medially, and the posterior ligament laterally. From the medial border a part of the Flexor carpi ulnaris arises; while to the lateral border the anconeus muscle is attached." [Wikipedia:Olecranon] comment: Check AAO synonym: "olecranon process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Olecranon] synonym: "olecranon process of ulna" EXACT [Wikipedia:Olecranon] synonym: "ulnar process" RELATED [AAO:0000843] xref: AAO:0000843 xref: FMA:39795 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray212.png xref: ncithesaurus:Olecranon xref: SCTID:181949001 xref: UMLS:C0223710 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006822 ! proximal epiphysis of ulna property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Large and thick process situated at the proximal (upper) end of the ulna. Its inner face forms the medial articular surface that articulates with the humeral head.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000843", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006822 name: proximal epiphysis of ulna namespace: uberon def: "The head of ulna presents an articular surface, part of which, of an oval or semilunar form, is directed downward, and articulates with the upper surface of the triangular articular disk which separates it from the wrist-joint; the remaining portion, directed lateralward, is narrow, convex, and received into the ulnar notch of the radius." [Wikipedia:Head_of_ulna] synonym: "caput ulnae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:33751, FMA:TA] synonym: "caput ulnae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_ulna] synonym: "head of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33751] synonym: "proximal end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33751] synonym: "upper end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33751] xref: FMA:33751 xref: galen:HeadOfUlna xref: SCTID:304590006 is_a: UBERON:0004386 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0006836 name: medial tibial tarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral tarsal bone that is medially located and between the intermedium and centralia." [VSAO:0005048] synonym: "tibiale" RELATED [AAO:0000912, MA:0001350] xref: AAO:0000912 xref: MA:0001350 xref: VSAO:0005048 is_a: UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The tibiale constitutes the postaxial element. In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the fibulare.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000912", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006849 name: scapula namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral bone that is dorsoventrally compressed and provides attachment site for muscles of the pectoral appendage." [VSAO:0000157] comment: Usage notes: this class subsumes the scapula of teleosts and tetrapods - note we create a specific subclasses for pectoral limb scapula and pectoral fin scapula synonym: "scapula bone" RELATED [BTO:0001218] synonym: "scapulae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000583] xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.783 xref: VHOG:0001398 xref: VSAO:0000157 is_a: UBERON:0007829 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral girdle bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="ZFA-abduced"} ! pectoral girdle skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "scapular" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0006861 name: diaphysis proper namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between two metaphyses. Note that the diaphysis includes the metaphyses, but the diaphysis proper excludes these." [UBERON:cjm] comment: The MA class is placed here because we assume it means diaphysis proper, because in MA epiphysis is not part of MA:0002803 synonym: "body proper of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32688] synonym: "long bone diaphysis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MA:0002803] synonym: "shaft proper of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32688] xref: FMA:32688 xref: MA:0002803 is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001438 [Term] id: UBERON:0006862 name: diaphysis of femur namespace: uberon def: "A diaphysis that is part of a femur[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Body_of_femur] synonym: "body of femur" EXACT [FMA:32847] synonym: "corpus femoris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:32847, FMA:TA] synonym: "femoral diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:32847] synonym: "femoral shaft" EXACT [] synonym: "shaft of femur" EXACT [FMA:32847] xref: FMA:32847 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Gray244.png xref: SCTID:182048009 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The body of the femur (or shaft), almost cylindrical in form, is a little broader above than in the center, broadest and somewhat flattened from before backward below. It is slightly arched, so as to be convex in front, and concave behind, where it is strengthened by a prominent longitudinal ridge, the linea aspera. It presents for examination three borders, separating three surfaces. Of the borders, one, the linea aspera, is posterior, one is medial, and the other, lateral[Wikipedia:Body_of_femur]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Body_of_femur"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006863 name: proximal metaphysis of femur namespace: uberon def: "A proximal metaphysis that is part of a femur." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32878 is_a: UBERON:0006865 {is_inferred="true"} ! metaphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0006862 {source="reference_0000032"} ! diaphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0006864 name: distal metaphysis of femur namespace: uberon def: "A distal metaphysis that is part of a femur." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32881 is_a: UBERON:0006865 {is_inferred="true"} ! metaphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0006862 {source="reference_0000032"} ! diaphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0006865 name: metaphysis of femur namespace: uberon def: "A metaphysis that is part of a femur." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "femoral metaphysis" EXACT [FMA:32875] xref: FMA:32875 intersection_of: UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0006862 {source="reference_0000032", is_inferred="true"} ! diaphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0007119 name: neck of femur namespace: uberon def: "The femur neck or neck of the femur is a flattened pyramidal process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft, and forming with the latter a wide angle opening medialward." [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "collum femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "femoral neck" EXACT [FMA:42385] synonym: "femoral neck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "femur neck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "neck of femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "neck of the femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] xref: FMA:42385 xref: GAID:201 xref: galen:NeckOfFemur xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.247.510 xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Neck xref: SCTID:361792007 xref: UMLS:C0015815 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006863 ! proximal metaphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0007171 name: border of scapula namespace: uberon synonym: "scapular border" EXACT [FMA:23797] xref: EMAPA:25124 xref: FMA:23797 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 ! pectoral limb scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0007173 name: lateral border of scapula namespace: uberon synonym: "axillary border of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23239] synonym: "lateral border of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23239] synonym: "lateral part of scapula" RELATED [FMA:23239] synonym: "margo lateralis (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23239] synonym: "margo lateralis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23239, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:25126 xref: FMA:23239 is_a: UBERON:0007171 {source="EMAPA-modified"} ! border of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0007174 name: medial border of scapula namespace: uberon synonym: "margo medialis (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23242] synonym: "margo medialis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23242, FMA:TA] synonym: "medial part of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23242] synonym: "vertebral border of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23242] xref: EMAPA:25127 xref: FMA:23242 xref: SCTID:368187009 is_a: UBERON:0007171 {source="EMAPA-modified"} ! border of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0007272 name: pectoral appendage skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Skeletal subdivision consisting of the anterior appendicular limb skeleton, excluding the pectoral girdle." [VSAO:0005000, VSAO:NI] synonym: "cheiropterygium" RELATED [VSAO:0005000, VSAO:NI] xref: VSAO:0005000 is_a: UBERON:0011582 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb/fin skeleton property_value: has_no_connections_with UBERON:0007273 [Term] id: UBERON:0007273 name: pelvic appendage skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic appendage region." [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0011582 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb/fin skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0007389 name: limb/fin cartilage namespace: uberon def: "A cartilage tissue that is part of a limb/fin." [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0001543 xref: ZFA:0001543 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Cartilage which is part of one of the paired fins.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001543", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007390 name: pectoral appendage cartilage tissue namespace: uberon def: "A cartilage tissue that is part of a pectoral appendage." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pectoral fin cartilage" RELATED [TAO:0000257] xref: TAO:0000257 xref: ZFA:0000257 is_a: UBERON:0007389 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb/fin cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0007272 ! pectoral appendage skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Cartilage which is part of the pectoral fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000257", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007391 name: pelvic appendage cartilage tissue namespace: uberon def: "A cartilage tissue that is part of a pelvic appendage." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic fin cartilage" RELATED [TAO:0001459] xref: TAO:0001459 xref: ZFA:0001459 is_a: UBERON:0007389 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb/fin cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0007273 ! pelvic appendage skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Cartilage which is part of the pelvic fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001459", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007828 name: girdle bone/zone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a appendage girdle region." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "girdle bone" EXACT [MA:0000291] xref: MA:0000291 is_a: UBERON:0010740 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone of appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0010719 ! girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0007829 name: pectoral girdle bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a pectoral girdle region." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bone of pectoral girdle" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000292 is_a: UBERON:0007828 {source="MA"} ! girdle bone/zone is_a: UBERON:0010741 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone of pectoral complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0007830 name: pelvic girdle bone/zone namespace: uberon def: "A bone element or fused bone that is part of pelvic girdle." [UBERON:cjm] comment: typically the ilium, ischium and pubis. These can alternately be considered individual bones, or zones of a single fused bone. Editor note: check sacrum, coccyx (MA does NOT include these) subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bone of pelvic girdle" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvic girdle bone" EXACT [MA:0000293] xref: MA:0000293 xref: ncithesaurus:Pelvic_Bone xref: SCTID:426214007 xref: UMLS:C0030786 is_a: UBERON:0007828 {source="MA"} ! girdle bone/zone is_a: UBERON:0010742 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone of pelvic complex [Term] id: UBERON:0007831 name: pectoral girdle skeleton namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of a limb or fin skeleton consisting of bones which connects the upper limb or fin to the axial skeleton on each side. It consists of the clavicle and scapula in humans and, in those species with three bones in the pectoral girdle, the coracoid. Some mammalian species (e.g. the dog and the horse) have only the scapula. In humans, the only joints between the shoulder girdle and axial skeleton are the sternoclavicular joints on each side. No joint exists between each scapula and the rib cage; instead the muscular connection between the two permits relatively great mobility of the shoulder girdle in relation to the pelvic girdle. In those species having only the scapula, no joint exists between the forelimb and the thorax, the only attachment being muscular[WP]. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left pectoral girdle skeletons." [Wikipedia:Pectoral_girdle] comment: AO notes: Note that the VSAO and many ontologies use the label 'pectoral girdle' to denote the skeletal region specifically. subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cingulum pectorale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectoral_girdle] synonym: "pectoral girdle" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0000156] synonym: "pectoral girdle skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24141] synonym: "scapular girdle" RELATED [TAO:0000407] synonym: "skeletal parts of pectoral girdle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "skeleton of pectoral girdle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: AAO:0000422 xref: AAO:0000754 xref: EFO:0000946 xref: EHDAA2:0001420 xref: EMAPA:18025 xref: FMA:24141 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Pectoral_girdle_front_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Pectoral_girdle_front_diagram.svg/200px-Pectoral_girdle_front_diagram.svg.png xref: MAT:0000181 xref: MIAA:0000181 xref: ncithesaurus:Shoulder_Girdle xref: TAO:0000407 xref: UMLS:C0427245 xref: VHOG:0001156 xref: VSAO:0000156 xref: XAO:0003063 xref: ZFA:0000407 is_a: UBERON:0010719 {is_inferred="true"} ! girdle skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 {source="XAO"} ! appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0012475 ! skeleton of pectoral complex property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anatomical cluster of paired dermal and endochondral bones that attaches to the dorso-posterior part of the cranium, and support the radials and pectoral fin. It consists of two components: the primary pectoral girdle consisting of the endochondral coracoid, scapula and mesocoracoid bones, and the secondary pectoral girdle consisting of the dermal posttemporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum and poscleithrum(thra) bones.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000407", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the forelimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for forelimb/fin and caudal musculature.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000156", ontology="VSAO", source="UBERON:cjm"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal structure immediately behind the head attached to the vertebral column by muscles and supporting the forelimbs.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000422", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The pectoral girdle is clearly of dual origin, composed of dermal as well as endochondral bones. The endochondral component, the scapulocoracoid, evolved by fusion or enlargment of several basal fin elements. (...) The dermal component of the shoulder girdle evolved from dermal bones of the body's surface. (...) Like endochondral bones, these dermal bones were passed along to tetrapods (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001156", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.336 and Figure 9.18", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007832 name: pelvic girdle skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Skeletal subdivision consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb zeugopodium and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb and caudal musculature." [VSAO:0000155, Wikipedia:Pelvis] comment: AO notes: Note that the VSAO and many ontologies use the label 'pelvic girdle' to denote the skeletal region specifically. We place the EHDAA2 class here, note that this includes the pre-cartilage condensation as parts. Editor notes: need to resolve whether this is a paired structure or a single belt (Paired in FMA - implicitly paired in VSAO) subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pelvic girdle" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0000155] synonym: "pelvic girdle skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000155] synonym: "skeletal parts of pelvic girdle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "skeleton of pelvic girdle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: AAO:0000426 xref: AAO:0000768 xref: EFO:0000947 xref: EHDAA2:0001426 xref: EHDAA:7149 xref: EHDAA:8324 xref: EMAPA:18028 xref: FMA:87592 xref: galen:PelvicGirdle xref: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/pectoralgirdles.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray242.png/200px-Gray242.png xref: MAT:0000182 xref: MIAA:0000182 xref: TAO:0000565 xref: VHOG:0000305 xref: VSAO:0000155 xref: XAO:0003064 xref: ZFA:0000565 is_a: UBERON:0010719 {is_inferred="true"} ! girdle skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0012476 ! skeleton of pelvic complex property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anatomical cluster by which the hind limbs are supported and attached to the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000426", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anatomical cluster that consists of the paired basipterygia which support the pelvic fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000565", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb/fin and caudal musculature.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000155", ontology="VSAO", source="UBERON:cjm"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributions of dermal bone. From its first appearance in placoderms, the pelvic girdle is exclusively endoskeletal. It arose from pterygiophores, perhaps several times, in support of the fin.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000305", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.333", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007841 name: furcula namespace: uberon def: "Dermal bone that develops from the fusion of the paired clavicle condensations in Archosauria. Serves as both an attachment site for pectoral musculature as well as a mechanical strengthening/ spacing element in the pectoral girdle. [PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Furcula] comment: Comment: Found in both avian and non-avian theropods including, but not limited to: Coelophysoids, Allosauroids, Spinosauridae, Tyrannosauroids, Oviraptorosauria, Troodontidae and Dromaeosauridae. Editor notes: currently assigned to be part of the pectoral girdle, but this may be incorrect if PG is a paired structure. synonym: "furcula bone" EXACT [] synonym: "fused clavicle" RELATED [] synonym: "wishbone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Furcula] is_a: UBERON:0007829 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral girdle bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0007843 name: uncinate process of ribs namespace: uberon def: "A posterior projection from proximal rib segments. Offers attachment sites for respiratory and shoulder muscles as well as adding structural support to the trunk skeleton[Kardong 2012]." [ISBN10:0073040584, PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Uncinate_processes_of_ribs] comment: WP: Although bony uncinate processes are unique to birds, cartilaginous uncinate processes are present in crocodiles. The uncinate process has also been reported in Sphenodon, Caudipteryx, oviraptorids, Confuciusornis and Chaoyangia however it does not occur in Archaeopteryx synonym: "uncinate process" BROAD INCONSISTENT [AAO:0000741] xref: AAO:0000741 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="Kardong"} ! proximal segment of rib property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:8827 {source="PMID:15755883"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Posteriorly directed process (occasionally directed anteriorly) usually associated with the rib (sometimes with the transverse process) of the third vertebra; they provide the origin of the mm serratus superior, medius, and inferior.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000741", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007958 name: central carpal bone namespace: uberon def: "A small bone occasionally found at the dorsal aspect of the wrist between the scaphoid, capitate, and trapezoid; it is developed as an independent cartilage in early foetal life but usually becomes fused with the scaphoid; it occurs normally in most monkeys." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=63518] synonym: "central bone" BROAD [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=63518] synonym: "central carpals" EXACT [] synonym: "centrale" BROAD [MA:0001344] synonym: "os carpi centrale" RELATED [http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8251/1/8251.pdf] synonym: "os centrale" BROAD [] synonym: "os centrale carpi" RELATED [] xref: MA:0001344 xref: SCTID:26987000 is_a: UBERON:0001435 {source="MA"} ! carpal bone is_a: UBERON:0012131 ! centrale [Term] id: UBERON:0007959 name: falciform carpal bone namespace: uberon comment: todo - check relationship to radial sesamoid synonym: "os falciform" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "os falciforme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0001345 is_a: UBERON:0001435 {source="MA"} ! carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0007990 name: proximal sesamoid bone of pes namespace: uberon synonym: "proximal sesamoid bone of foot" EXACT [MA:0001376] xref: MA:0001376 is_a: UBERON:0004248 {source="MA"} ! pedal digit bone is_a: UBERON:0008000 {is_inferred="true"} ! sesamoid bone of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0007991 name: proximal sesamoid bone of manus namespace: uberon synonym: "proximal sesamoid bone of hand" EXACT [MA:0001377] xref: MA:0001377 is_a: UBERON:0004249 {source="MA"} ! manual digit bone is_a: UBERON:0007997 {is_inferred="true"} ! sesamoid bone of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0007997 name: sesamoid bone of manus namespace: uberon def: "A sesamoid bone that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sesamoid bone of hand" EXACT [FMA:42353] xref: FMA:42353 xref: SCTID:368448000 is_a: UBERON:0011141 {is_inferred="true"} ! appendicular ossicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0008000 name: sesamoid bone of pes namespace: uberon def: "A sesamoid bone that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sesamoid bone of foot" EXACT [FMA:45096] xref: FMA:45096 xref: SCTID:244675002 is_a: UBERON:0011141 {is_inferred="true"} ! appendicular ossicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 {source="FMA"} ! skeleton of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0008194 name: tibiotarsus namespace: uberon def: "The tibiotarsus is the large bone between the femur and the tarsometatarsus in the leg of a bird. It is the fusion of the proximal part of the tarsus with the tibia. A similar structure also occurred in the Mesozoic Heterodontosauridae. These small ornithischian dinosaurs were unrelated to birds and the similarity of their pes bones is best explained by convergent evolution." [Wikipedia:Tibiotarsus] is_a: UBERON:0003464 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010902 ! tibiotarsus cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0008195 name: tarsometatarsus namespace: uberon def: "The tarsometatarsus is a bone that is found in the lower leg of certain tetrapods, namely birds. It is formed from the fusion of several bones found in other types of animals, and homologous to the mammalian tarsal (ankle) and metatarsal (pes) bones. Despite this, the tarsometatarsus of birds is often referred to as just the tarsus or metatarsus." [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsus] comment: Taxon notes: found in birds[VSAO] is_a: UBERON:0005899 {is_inferred="true"} ! pes bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010900 ! tarsometatarsus cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0008254 name: styliform cartilage namespace: uberon def: "shaft of skeletal tissue that articulates with the lateral border of the carpus." [ISBN-10:0226313379] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0008255 name: right clavicle namespace: uberon def: "A clavicle that is in the right side of a entire appendicular skeleton." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:13322 is_a: UBERON:0001105 {source="FMA"} ! clavicle [Term] id: UBERON:0008256 name: left clavicle namespace: uberon def: "A clavicle that is in the left side of a entire appendicular skeleton." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:13323 is_a: UBERON:0001105 {source="FMA"} ! clavicle [Term] id: UBERON:0008257 name: radial sesamoid namespace: uberon def: "In the giant panda, a large digitlike preaxial element that articulates with the scapholunatum and the medial border of the first metacarpal." [ISBN-10:0226313379] synonym: "os sesamoideum radiale" EXACT [ISBN-10:0226313379] is_a: UBERON:0007997 {is_inferred="true"} ! sesamoid bone of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0008449 name: trochlear notch namespace: uberon def: "The semilunar notch of the ulna (trochlear notch of ulna, greater sigmoid cavity) is a large depression, formed by the olecranon and the coronoid process, and serving for articulation with the trochlea of the humerus. About the middle of either side of this notch is an indentation, which contracts it somewhat, and indicates the junction of the olecranon and the coronoid process. The notch is concave from above downward, and divided into a medial and a lateral portion by a smooth ridge running from the summit of the olecranon to the tip of the coronoid process. The medial portion is the larger, and is slightly concave transversely; the lateral is convex above, slightly concave below." [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch] synonym: "incisura trochlearis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch] synonym: "incisura trochlearis ulnae, incisura semilunaris ulnae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch] synonym: "semilunar notch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch] synonym: "semilunar notch of ulna" EXACT [FMA:23619] xref: FMA:23619 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray212.png is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006822 ! proximal epiphysis of ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0008772 name: proximal epiphysis of tibia namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a tibia." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33113] synonym: "proximal end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33113] synonym: "upper end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33113] xref: FMA:33113 xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Tibia xref: SCTID:302526005 xref: UMLS:C0932431 is_a: UBERON:0004383 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0008775 name: proximal epiphysis of fibula namespace: uberon def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a fibula." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33729] synonym: "proximal end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33729] synonym: "upper end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33729] xref: FMA:33729 xref: galen:HeadOfFibula xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Fibula xref: SCTID:182080006 xref: UMLS:C0223908 is_a: UBERON:0004388 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of fibula property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The upper extremity or head of the fibula is of an irregular quadrate form, presenting above a flattened articular surface, directed upward, forward, and medialward, for articulation with a corresponding surface on the lateral condyle of the tibia. On the lateral side is a thick and rough prominence continued behind into a pointed eminence, the apex, which projects upward from the posterior part of the head. The prominence, at its upper and lateral part, gives attachment to the tendon of the Biceps femoris and to the fibular collateral ligament of the knee-joint, the ligament dividing the tendon into two parts. The remaining part of the circumference of the head is rough, for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. It presents in front a tubercle for the origin of the upper and anterior fibers of the Peronľus longus, and a surface for the attachment of the anterior ligament of the head; and behind, another tubercle, for the attachment of the posterior ligament of the head and the origin of the upper fibers of the Soleus[Wikipedia:Head_of_fibula]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Head_of_fibula"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008786 name: third trochanter namespace: uberon def: "The upper part of the gluteal tuberosity is often elongated into a roughened crest, on which a more or less well-marked, rounded tubercle, the third trochanter, is occasionally developed." [Wikipedia:Third_trochanter] synonym: "trochanter tertius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Third_trochanter] xref: FMA:75824 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Third_trochanter-tweaked.png is_a: UBERON:0000980 {source="Wikipedia"} ! trochanter relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0008787 name: fourth trochanter namespace: uberon def: "a knob-like feature on the medial side of the femur that serves as a muscle attachment." [Wikipedia:Fourth_trochanter] comment: The fourth trochanter first appeared in the Erythrosuchidae, large basal archosaurian predators of the early Triassic period. This seemingly insignificant detail may have made the evolution of dinosaurs possible (all early dinosaurs and many later ones were bipeds), and may also be connected with the ability of the archosaurs or their immediate ancestors to survive the catastrophic Permian-Triassic extinction event[WP]. is_a: UBERON:0000980 {source="Wikipedia"} ! trochanter [Term] id: UBERON:0008962 name: forelimb bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a forelimb region. Examples: any manus phalanx, humerus. Counter-examples: scapula (it is part of the pectoral girdle)" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "free forelimb bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "wing bone" NARROW SENSU [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "wing bone" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic] xref: GAID:178 xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_of_the_Upper_Extremity xref: SCTID:368532003 xref: UMLS:C0003793 is_a: UBERON:0010741 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone of pectoral complex relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010883 ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0009555 name: short pastern bone namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Middle_phalanx] synonym: "equine middle phalanx" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0009558 {is_inferred="true"} ! pastern bone [Term] id: UBERON:0009556 name: long pastern bone namespace: uberon def: "." [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Proximal_phalanx] synonym: "equine proximal phalanx" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0009558 {is_inferred="true"} ! pastern bone [Term] id: UBERON:0009558 name: pastern bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of the pastern region of a horse limb." [Wikipedia:Pastern] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Equine-dist-forelimb-bones.png [Term] id: UBERON:0009859 name: endosteum namespace: uberon def: "a thin layer of connective tissue that lines the surface of the bony tissue that forms the medullary cavity of long bones" [Wikipedia:Endosteum] xref: FMA:32692 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Endosteum xref: SCTID:57487002 xref: UMLS:C0222658 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "endosteal" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0009878 name: mesopodial skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a mesopodium. Examples: the tarsal skeleton, the carpal skeleton" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "basipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005022, VSAO:NI] synonym: "basipodium skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005022, VSAO:NI] synonym: "carpal/tarsal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "mesopodial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005022] synonym: "mesopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005022, VSAO:NI] synonym: "mesopodium skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "skeletal parts of mesopodium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: VSAO:0005022 is_a: UBERON:0010712 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Limb skeleton subdivision consisting of endochondral bones increasing the freedom of movement of the autopodia, and located between zeugopodia and autopodia.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005022", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005022", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_distally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005022", ontology="VSAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009879 name: tarsal skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of skeleton that consists of endochondral elements distal to the zeugopodial skeletal elements which constitute the proximal region of the posterior autopod skeleton[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, VSAO:0005024, Wikipedia:Tarsus_(skeleton)] comment: Taxon notes: Not always associated with digits, in sarcopterygians the ulnare is present without true digits being formed, though their homologous radial elements are present[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. AO notes: we assume MA:tarsus belongs here, as there is a distinct class MA:ankle, with the tarsal bone being part of the former. XAO:tarsus is part of the hindlimb skeleton. FMA set-of class lacks definition but we assume this to be equivalent. synonym: "basipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005024] synonym: "hind mesopodial skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "hind mesopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "hind mesopodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "mesopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005024] synonym: "set of tarsal bones" EXACT [FMA:71339] synonym: "skeletal parts of hind mesopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "tarsal bones" RELATED [] synonym: "tarsal bones set" EXACT [FMA:71339] synonym: "tarsus" RELATED [XAO:0003211] xref: AAO:0000220 xref: EMAPA:25072 xref: FMA:71339 xref: GAID:1223 xref: MA:0000050 xref: SCTID:264228001 xref: SCTID:361796005 xref: VHOG:0001160 xref: VSAO:0005024 xref: XAO:0003211 is_a: UBERON:0009878 {is_inferred="true"} ! mesopodial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Segment of the leg corresponding to the tarsus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the tibia and fibula at one end and the metatarsals at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000220", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The three main outgroup taxa of tetrapods, panderichthyids, osteolepiforms, and rhizodontids, have endoskeletal elements corresponding to the stylo- and zeugopodial elements in a tetrapod limb. In addition, there are elements that share the position and possibly the developmental derivation of the ulnare and the intermedium. From these observations, most authors have concluded that the stylo- and zeugopodial elements as well as the proximal mesopodial elements have counterparts in the fins of tetrapod ancestors, but there are no indications of wrist or ankle joints.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001160", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/jez.1100 Wagner GP, Chiu C, The tetrapod limb: A hypothesis on its origin. J Exp Zool (Mol Dev Evol) (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009880 name: carpal skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of skeleton that consists of the endochondral elements distal to the anterior limb/fin zeugopodial skeletal elements which constitute the proximal region of the anterior autopod skeleton[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Carpus] comment: Taxon notes: Not always associated with digits, in sarcopterygians the ulnare is present without true digits being formed, though their homologous radial elements are present[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. AO notes: we assume MA:carpus belongs here, as there is a distinct class MA:wrist, with the carpal bone being part of the former. XAO:carpus is part of the forelimb skeleton. FMA set-of class lacks definition but we assume this to be equivalent. Taxon notes: The structure of the carpus varies widely between different groups of tetrapods, even among those that retain the full set of five digits. In primitive fossil amphibians, such as Eryops, the carpus consists of three rows of bones; a proximal row of three carpals, a second row of four bones, and a distal row of five bones. The proximal carpals are referred to as the radiale, intermediale, and ulnare, after their proximal articulations, and are homologous with the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetal bones respectively. The remaining bones are simply numbered, as the first to fourth centralia (singular: centrale), and the first to fifth distal carpals. Primitively, each of the distal bones appears to have articulated with a single metacarpal. However, the vast majority of later vertebrates, including modern amphibians, have undergone varying degrees of loss and fusion of these primitive bones, resulting in a smaller number of carpals. Almost all mammals and reptiles, for example, have lost the fifth distal carpal, and have only a single centrale - and even this is missing in humans. The pisiform bone is somewhat unusual, in that it first appears in primitive reptiles, and is never found in amphibians. Because many tetrapods have less than five digits on the forelimb, even greater degrees of fusion are common, and a huge array of different possible combinations are found. The wing of a modern bird, for example, has only two remaining carpals; the radiale (the scaphoid of mammals) and a bone formed from the fusion of four of the distal carpals. In some macropods, the scaphoid and lunar bones are fused into the scaphollunar bone[14] [Wikipedia:Carpus#Evolutionary_variations] synonym: "carpal bones" EXACT [EMAPA:25056, FMA:71335] synonym: "carpal bones set" EXACT [FMA:71335] synonym: "carpus" RELATED [MA:0000040, XAO:0003207] synonym: "fore mesopodial skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "fore mesopodium" RELATED [AAO:0000201] synonym: "fore mesopodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa carpi" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa carpi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Carpus] synonym: "set of carpal bones" RELATED [FMA:71335] synonym: "skeletal parts of fore mesopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of carpus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000201 xref: EMAPA:25056 xref: FMA:71335 xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/382x366xUnciform1.jpg.pagespeed.ic.NirdxtwNVu.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Carpus.svg/200px-Carpus.svg.png xref: MA:0000040 xref: VHOG:0001161 xref: VSAO:0005023 xref: XAO:0003207 is_a: UBERON:0009878 {is_inferred="true"} ! mesopodial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the carpus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the radius and ulna at one end and the metacarpals at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000201", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000003 "The three main outgroup taxa of tetrapods, panderichthyids, osteolepiforms, and rhizodontids, have endoskeletal elements corresponding to the stylo- and zeugopodial elements in a tetrapod limb. In addition, there are elements that share the position and possibly the developmental derivation of the ulnare and the intermedium. From these observations, most authors have concluded that the stylo- and zeugopodial elements as well as the proximal mesopodial elements have counterparts in the fins of tetrapod ancestors, but there are no indications of wrist or ankle joints.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001161", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/jez.1100 Wagner GP, Chiu C, The tetrapod limb: A hypothesis on its origin. J Exp Zool (Mol Dev Evol) (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009949 name: humeral diverticulum of clavicular air sac namespace: uberon is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0009980 name: condyle of femur namespace: uberon def: "A condyle that is part of a distal epiphysis of femur." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "condylus femoralis" EXACT [] synonym: "condylus femoris" EXACT [] synonym: "femoral condyle" EXACT [] synonym: "fibular condyle" RELATED [AAO:0000900] xref: AAO:0000900 xref: FMA:32855 xref: galen:FemoralCondyle xref: SCTID:304912006 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Convex articular facet of the distal head of the femur that articulates with the proximal head of the fibula.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000900", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009984 name: medial condyle of femur namespace: uberon def: "The medial condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur. The medial condyle is larger than the lateral (outer) condyle due to more weight bearing caused by the center of gravity being medial to the knee. On the posterior surface of the condyle the linea aspera (a ridge running down the posterior shaft of the femur) turns into the medial supracondylar ridge. The outermost protrusion on the medial surface of the medial condyle is referred to as the \"medial epicondyle\" and can be palpated by running fingers medially from the patella with the knee in flexion." [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "c. medialis femoris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "c. medialis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "medial condyle of the femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur] xref: FMA:32858 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray246.png xref: SCTID:182056007 is_a: UBERON:0009980 ! condyle of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0009985 name: lateral condyle of femur namespace: uberon def: "The lateral condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur. It is the more prominent and is the broader both in its antero-posterior and transverse diameters" [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "c. lateralis femoris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "c. lateralis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "lateral condyle of the femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur] xref: FMA:32859 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray246.png xref: SCTID:182057003 is_a: UBERON:0009980 ! condyle of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0009986 name: lateral epicondyle of femur namespace: uberon def: "The lateral epicondyle of the femur, smaller and less prominent than the medial epicondyle, gives attachment to the fibular collateral ligament of the knee-joint. Directly below it is a small depression from which a smooth well-marked groove curves obliquely upward and backward to the posterior extremity of the condyle." [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_femur] synonym: "e. lateralis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_femur] synonym: "epicondylus lateralis (femur)" EXACT [FMA:32867] synonym: "lateral femoral epicondyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_femur] xref: FMA:32867 xref: galen:LateralFemoralEpicondyle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray246.png xref: SCTID:209275007 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0009985 {source="FMA"} ! lateral condyle of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0009987 name: medial epicondyle of femur namespace: uberon def: "The medial epicondyle of the femur is a bony protrusion located on the medial side of the bone's distal end. Located above the medial condyle, it bears an elevation, the adductor tubercle, which serves for the attachment of the superficial part, or \"tendinous insertion\", of the adductor magnus. This tendinous part here forms an intermuscular septum which forms the medial separation between the thigh's flexors and extensors. Behind it, and proximally to the medial condyle is a rough impression which gives origin to the medial head of the Gastrocnemius." [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_femur] synonym: "epicondylus medialis (femur)" EXACT [FMA:32864] synonym: "epicondylus medialis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_femur] synonym: "medial femoral epicondyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_femur] xref: FMA:32864 xref: galen:MedialFemoralEpicondyle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Gray345.png xref: SCTID:209172001 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0009984 {source="FMA"} ! medial condyle of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0009988 name: condyle of humerus namespace: uberon def: "the distal end of the humerus, including the trochlea, capitulum and the olecranon, coronoid and radial fossae" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=19715] synonym: "condylus humeri" EXACT [] synonym: "humeral condyle" EXACT [FMA:23377] xref: FMA:23377 xref: SCTID:361778001 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone [Term] id: UBERON:0009989 name: condyle of tibia namespace: uberon def: "One of the lateral or medial condyles of the tibia." [Wikipedia:Tibial_condyle] synonym: "tibial condyle" EXACT [AAO:0000899] xref: AAO:0000899 xref: SCTID:182062002 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Convex articular facet of the distal head of the femur that articulates with the proximal head of the tibia.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000899", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009990 name: medial condyle of tibia namespace: uberon def: "The medial condyle is the medial portion of the upper extremity of tibia. It is the site of insertion for the Semimembranosus muscle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "c. medialis tibiae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "condylus medialis (tibia)" EXACT [FMA:35445] synonym: "medial condyle of the tibia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "medial tibial condyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia] xref: FMA:35445 xref: galen:MedialTibialCondyle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray257.png xref: SCTID:182066004 is_a: UBERON:0009989 ! condyle of tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0009991 name: lateral condyle of tibia namespace: uberon def: "The lateral condyle is the lateral portion of the upper extremity of tibia. It serves as the insertion for the Biceps femoris muscle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "c. lateralis tibiae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "condylus lateralis (tibia)" EXACT [FMA:35448] xref: FMA:35448 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray257.png xref: SCTID:182067008 is_a: UBERON:0009989 ! condyle of tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0010129 name: femur cartilage condensation namespace: uberon comment: TODO - request EHDAA2 synonym: "femoral cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17742] xref: EMAPA:17742 is_a: UBERON:0010885 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006234 ! femur pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010388 name: proximal segment of rib namespace: uberon def: "The segment of the rib that connects to a vertebra[MP]. a small part of the rib composed of the head, neck, tuberculum and a short proximal part of the body[PMID]" [MP:0000152, PMID:15906248] comment: The proximal rib derives from the caudal half of somite[PMID:15906248] synonym: "costal part of rib" RELATED [] synonym: "proximal part of rib" EXACT [PMID:15906248] synonym: "proximal rib" EXACT [MA:0001400] synonym: "vertebral part of rib" RELATED [] xref: MA:0001400 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 {source="MA"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0010424 name: distal segment of rib namespace: uberon comment: The distal rib derives from both somite halves[PMID:15906248] synonym: "distal part of rib" EXACT [PMID:15906248] synonym: "distal rib" EXACT [MA:0001397] synonym: "sternal rib" NARROW [] synonym: "vertical segment of rib" NARROW [] xref: MA:0001397 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 {source="MA"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0010540 name: tarsus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a tarsal bone." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001978 is_a: UBERON:0010886 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0010541 name: tarsus cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a tarsal bone." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001977 is_a: UBERON:0010885 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010540 {source="EHDAA2"} ! tarsus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0010543 name: acropodial skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the autopodium - i.e. the bones of the digits or their cartilaginous precursors[VSAO,modified]." [UBERON:cjm, VSAO:0005028, VSAO:NI] synonym: "acropodial skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "acropodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005028, VSAO:NI] synonym: "acropodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "digit skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "digital skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "set of phalanges" EXACT [FMA:231315] synonym: "skeletal parts of acropodial region" EXACT [] synonym: "skeletal parts of acropodium" RELATED [] synonym: "skeleton of digits" EXACT [] xref: FMA:231315 xref: VSAO:0005028 is_a: UBERON:0010712 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0012150 {source="PHENOSCAPE:ni"} ! skeleton of digitopodium [Term] id: UBERON:0010544 name: metacarpus skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the manus skeleton that is located between the phalanges (bones of the fingers) distally and the carpus which forms the connection to the forearm. The metacarpus consists of metacarpal bones. The metacarpals form a transverse arch to which the rigid row of distal carpal bones are fixed. The peripheral metacarpals (those of the thumb and little finger) form the sides of the cup of the palmar gutter and as they are brought together they deepen this concavity. The index metacarpal is the most firmly fixed, while the thumb metacarpal articulates with the trapezium and acts independently from the others. The middle metacarpals are tightly united to the carpus by intrinsic interlocking bone elements at their bases. The ring metacarpal forms a transitional element of the semi-independent last metacarpal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metacarpus] synonym: "anterior metapodial skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior metapodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005026, VSAO:NI] synonym: "fore metapodial skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "fore metapodium" RELATED [AAO:0000946, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/metapodial, MA:th] synonym: "metacarpal bones" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "metacarpal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpalia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metacarpus] synonym: "metacarpals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "metacarpals set" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "set of metacarpal bones" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "set of metacarpals" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "set of metacarpals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "skeleton of metacarpus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000946 xref: FMA:71336 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.535 xref: VSAO:0005026 xref: XAO:0003208 is_a: UBERON:0010546 {is_inferred="true"} ! metapodial skeleton relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010699 {notes="many to one"} ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0012151 {source="PHENOSCAPE:ni"} ! skeleton of manual digitopodium property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the metacarpus, which articulates with the carpals at one end and with the phalanges at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000946", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010545 name: metatarsus skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Limb segment that consists of the long bones of the pes. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the manus." [Wikipedia:Metatarsus] synonym: "metatarsal bones set" EXACT [FMA:71340] synonym: "metatarsal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsalia" RELATED [] synonym: "metatarsals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71340] synonym: "ossa metatarsalia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metatarsus] synonym: "posterior metapodial skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior metapodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005027, VSAO:NI] synonym: "set of metatarsal bones" EXACT [FMA:71340] synonym: "set of metatarsals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71340] synonym: "skeleton of metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000221 xref: FMA:71340 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png xref: MESH:A01.378.610.250.300.480 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rva_rBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VSAO:0005027 xref: XAO:0003212 is_a: UBERON:0010546 {is_inferred="true"} ! metapodial skeleton relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010697 {notes="many to one"} ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0012152 {source="PHENOSCAPE:ni"} ! skeleton of pedal digitopodium property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Segment of the leg corresponding to the metatarsus, which articulates with the carpals at one end and with the phalanges at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000221", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010546 name: metapodial skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of skeleton that corresponds to metapodium region, between acropodial skeleton and mesopdoial skeleton." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005025] synonym: "metapodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005025, VSAO:NI] synonym: "metapodium skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "skeletal parts of metapodium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "skeleton of metapodium" EXACT [] xref: VSAO:0005025 is_a: UBERON:0010712 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0012150 {source="PHENOSCAPE:ni"} ! skeleton of digitopodium property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Endochondral bone complex located between the mesopodium and the acropodium and consisting of the metacarpals or metatarsals.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005025", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: distally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005025", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005025", ontology="VSAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010547 name: pedal digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002040] xref: EHDAA2:0002040 xref: EMAPA:17725 is_a: UBERON:0010580 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010548 name: pedal digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002045] xref: EHDAA2:0002045 xref: EMAPA:17727 is_a: UBERON:0010581 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010549 name: pedal digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002050] xref: EHDAA2:0002050 xref: EMAPA:17729 is_a: UBERON:0010582 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010550 name: pedal digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002055] xref: EHDAA2:0002055 xref: EMAPA:17731 is_a: UBERON:0010583 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010551 name: pedal digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002060] xref: EHDAA2:0002060 xref: EMAPA:17733 is_a: UBERON:0010584 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010557 name: pedal digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18106 is_a: UBERON:0010680 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010547 ! pedal digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010558 name: pedal digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18111 is_a: UBERON:0010681 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010548 ! pedal digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010559 name: pedal digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18116 is_a: UBERON:0010682 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010549 ! pedal digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010560 name: pedal digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18121 is_a: UBERON:0010683 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010550 ! pedal digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010561 name: pedal digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "toe 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18126 is_a: UBERON:0010684 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010551 ! pedal digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010565 name: manual digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000515] synonym: "fore limb digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpal 1 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000515 xref: EMAPA:17714 is_a: UBERON:0010575 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010566 name: manual digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000521] synonym: "fore limb digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpal 2 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000521 xref: EMAPA:17716 is_a: UBERON:0010576 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010567 name: manual digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000527] synonym: "fore limb digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpal 3 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000527 xref: EMAPA:17718 is_a: UBERON:0010577 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010568 name: manual digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000533] synonym: "fore limb digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpal 4 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000533 xref: EMAPA:17720 is_a: UBERON:0010578 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010569 name: manual digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000539] synonym: "fore limb digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpal 5 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000539 xref: EMAPA:17722 is_a: UBERON:0010579 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010570 name: manual digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000514] synonym: "fore limb digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpus 1 cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000514 xref: EMAPA:18065 is_a: UBERON:0010675 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010565 ! manual digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010571 name: manual digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000520] synonym: "fore limb digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpus 2 cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000520 xref: EMAPA:18070 is_a: UBERON:0010676 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010566 ! manual digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010572 name: manual digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000526] synonym: "fore limb digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpus 3 cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000526 xref: EMAPA:18075 is_a: UBERON:0010677 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010567 ! manual digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010573 name: manual digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000532] synonym: "fore limb digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpus 4 cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000532 xref: EMAPA:18080 is_a: UBERON:0010678 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010568 ! manual digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010574 name: manual digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000538] synonym: "fore limb digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpus 5 cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000538 xref: EMAPA:18085 is_a: UBERON:0010679 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010569 ! manual digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010575 name: manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0000516 xref: EMAPA:17715 is_a: UBERON:0010586 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010576 name: manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0000522 xref: EMAPA:17717 is_a: UBERON:0010586 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010577 name: manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0000528 xref: EMAPA:17719 is_a: UBERON:0010586 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010578 name: manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0000534 xref: EMAPA:17721 is_a: UBERON:0010586 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010579 name: manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0000540 xref: EMAPA:17723 is_a: UBERON:0010586 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010580 name: pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0002041 xref: EMAPA:17726 is_a: UBERON:0010585 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010581 name: pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0002046 xref: EMAPA:17728 is_a: UBERON:0010585 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010582 name: pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0002051 xref: EMAPA:17730 is_a: UBERON:0010585 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010583 name: pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0002056 xref: EMAPA:17732 is_a: UBERON:0010585 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010584 name: pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EHDAA2:0002061 xref: EMAPA:17734 is_a: UBERON:0010585 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010585 name: pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "foot phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000952] synonym: "hind limb digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hindlimb phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "pes phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0000952 is_a: UBERON:0010700 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010586 name: manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "forelimb phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000954] synonym: "manus phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0000954 is_a: UBERON:0010700 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010675 name: manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18066 is_a: UBERON:0010686 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010575 ! manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010676 name: manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18071 is_a: UBERON:0010686 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010576 ! manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010677 name: manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18076 is_a: UBERON:0010686 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010577 ! manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010678 name: manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18081 is_a: UBERON:0010686 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010578 ! manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010679 name: manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18086 is_a: UBERON:0010686 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010579 ! manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010680 name: pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18107 is_a: UBERON:0010685 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010580 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010681 name: pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18112 is_a: UBERON:0010685 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010581 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010682 name: pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18117 is_a: UBERON:0010685 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010582 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010683 name: pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18122 is_a: UBERON:0010685 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010583 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010684 name: pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] xref: EMAPA:18127 is_a: UBERON:0010685 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010584 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010685 name: pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] is_a: UBERON:0010701 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010585 ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010686 name: manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb digit phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] is_a: UBERON:0010701 {is_inferred="true"} ! phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010586 ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010687 name: pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon synonym: "foot digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metatarsal bone pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000948] xref: VHOG:0000948 is_a: UBERON:0010585 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010688 name: skeleton of manual acropodium namespace: uberon def: "The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the manual autopodium - i.e. the bones of the hands or their cartilaginous precursors[VSAO,modified]." [UBERON:cjm, VSAO:0005029, VSAO:NI] synonym: "all phalanges in forelimb autopod" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior acropodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005029, VSAO:NI] synonym: "anterior acropodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "fore acropodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "manual digit skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "manual phalanges" EXACT PLURAL [VSAO:0005029, VSAO:NI] synonym: "phalanges of hand" EXACT [FMA:71337] synonym: "phalanges of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "set of manual phalanges" EXACT [] synonym: "set of phalanges of hand" EXACT [FMA:71337] synonym: "set of phalanges of manus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:71337 xref: VSAO:0005029 relationship: part_of UBERON:0012151 {source="PHENOSCAPE:ni"} ! skeleton of manual digitopodium [Term] id: UBERON:0010696 name: skeleton of pedal acropodium namespace: uberon def: "The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the pedal autopodium - i.e. the bones of the foot or their cartilaginous precursors[cjm]." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "all phalanges in hindlimb autopod" EXACT [] synonym: "foot digit skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "hind acropodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "pedal phalanges" EXACT [VSAO:0005030, VSAO:NI] synonym: "phalanges of foot" EXACT [FMA:78512] synonym: "phalanges of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior acropodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005030, VSAO:NI] synonym: "posterior acropodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "set of pedal phalanges" EXACT [] synonym: "set of phalanges of foot" EXACT [FMA:78512] synonym: "set of phalanges of pes" EXACT [] xref: FMA:78512 xref: VSAO:0005030 relationship: part_of UBERON:0012152 {source="PHENOSCAPE:ni"} ! skeleton of pedal digitopodium [Term] id: UBERON:0010697 name: pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation namespace: uberon synonym: "foot digit metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hind limb digit metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] is_a: UBERON:0010685 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010698 name: manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon synonym: "fore limb digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpal bone pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000953] synonym: "metacarpal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000953] xref: VHOG:0000953 is_a: UBERON:0010586 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010699 name: manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation namespace: uberon synonym: "finger metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "fore limb digit metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted] synonym: "hand digit metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted] synonym: "metacarpal cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0010686 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010700 name: phalanx pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010701 name: phalanx cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic] relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010700 ! phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010703 name: forelimb zeugopod skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an forelimb zeugopod region." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor notes: adding proxinally_connected_to humerus causes inconsistencies - requires investigation synonym: "antebrachial skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "antebrachium skeleton" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:ni] synonym: "anterior zeugopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005011, VSAO:NI] synonym: "anterior zeugopodium skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005011, VSAO:NI] synonym: "fore epipodium" RELATED [AAO:0000200] synonym: "fore epipodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "forearm skeleton" EXACT [FMA:71199] synonym: "forelimb epipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005011, VSAO:NI] synonym: "forelimb epipodium skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "radius and ulna" RELATED [] synonym: "skeleton of forearm" EXACT [FMA:71199] synonym: "wing zeugopod skeleton" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0000200 xref: FMA:71199 xref: VSAO:0005011 is_a: UBERON:0011584 {is_inferred="true"} ! zeugopodial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the radius and ulna.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000200", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010710 name: pectoral fin skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Paired fin skeleton that consists of the supporting endochondral proximal and distal radials and the dermal fins rays or lepidotrichia. The pectoral fin skeleton is located in the thoracic region of the body and articulates with the scapula and coracoid." [TAO:wd] synonym: "forefin skeleton" EXACT [TAO:0000943] xref: EFO:0003594 xref: TAO:0000943 xref: VSAO:0000153 xref: ZFA:0000943 is_a: UBERON:0007272 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral appendage skeleton is_a: UBERON:0010713 {is_inferred="true"} ! paired fin skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010711 name: pelvic fin skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Paired fin skeleton located in the abdominal position that consists of supporting endochondral radialsB and dermal fin rays or lepidotrichia." [TAO:0001387] comment: AO Notes: the girdle is part of the pelvic fin skeleton in ZFA - needs resolved xref: TAO:0001387 xref: VSAO:0000154 xref: ZFA:0001387 is_a: UBERON:0007273 {is_inferred="true"} ! pelvic appendage skeleton is_a: UBERON:0010713 {is_inferred="true"} ! paired fin skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010712 name: limb skeleton subdivision namespace: uberon def: "Skeletal subdivision that is a segment of the limb skeleton." [VSAO:0005018, VSAO:NI] comment: Editor notes - note the distinction between this and skeleton of limb xref: VSAO:0005018 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 {source="VSAO"} ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010713 name: paired fin skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a single paired fin." [UBERON:cjm] xref: TAO:0000027 xref: VSAO:0000169 xref: ZFA:0000027 is_a: UBERON:0011582 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb/fin skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000027", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000169", ontology="VSAO", source="TAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010714 name: iliac cartilage condensation namespace: uberon xref: EHDAA2:0000808 xref: EMAPA:18347 xref: VHOG:0001126 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006247 {source="EHDAA2"} ! iliac pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010718 name: pubic cartilage condensation namespace: uberon xref: EHDAA2:0001573 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006285 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pubic pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010719 name: girdle skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The subdivision of the skeleton of either the pectoral or pelvic girdle." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "skeleton of girdle" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010686 xref: VSAO:0000302 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal subdivision that is part of the appendage girdle region.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000302", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: part_of subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000302", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: proximally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000302", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000302", ontology="VSAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010720 name: hindlimb zeugopod skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb zeugopod region." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "crus skeleton" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:ni] synonym: "hind epipodium" RELATED [AAO:0000216] synonym: "hindlimb epipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005014, VSAO:NI] synonym: "hindlimb zygopod skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior zeugopodium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0005014] synonym: "posterior zeugopodium skeleton" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000216 xref: VSAO:0005014 is_a: UBERON:0011584 {is_inferred="true"} ! zeugopodial skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Segment of the leg corresponding to the tibia and fibula.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000216", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010721 name: distal tarsal bone namespace: uberon def: "There are three cuneiform bones in the human foot: the medial cuneiform the intermediate cuneiform also known as the middle the lateral cuneiform. They are located between the navicular bone and the first, second and third metatarsal bones and are medial to the cuboid bone[WP, unvetted, human specific]." [Wikipedia:Cuneiform_%28anatomy%29] synonym: "cuneiform" RELATED [] synonym: "cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24517] synonym: "distal tarsal" EXACT [AAO:0000914] synonym: "distal tarsal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "os cuneiform" EXACT [] synonym: "os cuneiforme" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000914 xref: FMA:24517 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray268.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot xref: SCTID:182102002 xref: UMLS:C1511560 is_a: UBERON:0001447 {is_inferred="true"} ! tarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Series of elements that articulate with the metatarsals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000914", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010723 name: vesalian bone namespace: uberon def: "an accessory bone located proximal to the base of the fifth metatarsal. Its prevalence has been reported to be from 0.1% to 1.0%. This bone is found within the peroneus brevis tendon and is considered to be asymptomatic in the majority of people" [PMID:16291851] synonym: "os vesalianum pedis" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:182149003 is_a: UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010724 name: lateral tubercle of talus namespace: uberon def: "An accessory bone tubercle which if present lies posterior to the talus" [Wikipedia:Os_trigonum] synonym: "accessory talus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Os_trigonum] synonym: "os trigonum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "os trigonum of talus" EXACT [FMA:33655] synonym: "tuberculum laterale (talus)" EXACT [FMA:33655] xref: FMA:33655 xref: SCTID:87573005 is_a: UBERON:0005899 {is_inferred="true"} ! pes bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010725 name: accessory navicular bone namespace: uberon def: "an accessory bone of the pes that occasionally develops abnormally in front of the ankle towards the inside of the pes. This bone may be present in approximately 2.5% of the general population and is usually asymptomatic" [Wikipedia:Accessory_navicular_bone] xref: SCTID:118496000 is_a: UBERON:0005899 {is_inferred="true"} ! pes bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010726 name: os vesalianum manus namespace: uberon xref: http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/SkeletalSystem/Images/94.jpg is_a: UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010737 name: distal tarsal bone 4 namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 4." [VSAO:0005055] comment: We need to restrict the logical definition such that it is *only* connecting to metatarsal 4 synonym: "cuboideum" RELATED [VSAO:0005055] synonym: "distal tarsal 4" EXACT [VSAO:0005055] synonym: "tarsal 4" EXACT [AAO:0000932] xref: AAO:0000932 xref: VSAO:0005055 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal IV. It may be absent in some taxa.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000932", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010738 name: distal tarsal bone 5 namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 5." [VSAO:0005056] comment: We need to restrict the logical definition such that it is *only* connecting to metatarsal 5 synonym: "cuboideum" RELATED [VSAO:0005056] synonym: "distal tarsal 5" EXACT [VSAO:0005056] synonym: "tarsal 5" EXACT [AAO:0000933] xref: AAO:0000933 xref: VSAO:0005056 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal V. It may be absent in some taxa.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000933", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Francis_1934"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010739 name: distal carpal bone 5 namespace: uberon def: "endochondral carpal bone similar to distal carpal 4, but lost in most reptiles and mammals." [VSAO:0005047] comment: Taxon notes: lost in most reptiles and mammals[VSAO]. Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(V). It may be fused to carpal 4(3), 5(4), the ulnare, radiale, or other elements[AAO] synonym: "carpal 5" RELATED [AAO:0000851] synonym: "distal carpal 5" EXACT [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "hamate" RELATED [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "os hamatum" RELATED [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "unciform" RELATED [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "uncinate" RELATED [VSAO:0005047] xref: AAO:0000851 xref: VSAO:0005047 is_a: UBERON:0001481 ! distal carpal bone property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(V). It may be fused to carpal 4(3), 5(4), the ulnare, radiale, or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000851", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010740 name: bone of appendage girdle complex namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of an appendage girdle complex (i.e. any bone in a limb, fin or girdle)." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "bone of extended limb/fin region" RELATED [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "limb bone" RELATED [MA:0000688, UBERONREF:0000003] xref: MA:0000688 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 {notes="UBERONREF:0000003"} ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010741 name: bone of pectoral complex namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a pectoral complex. Examples: scapula, manus phalanx, any carpal bone, any bone of the pectoral fin." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: AO notes - note that the MA class includes girdle parts so it belongs here; Editor notes: considering adding pectoral and pelvic complex skeleton classes synonym: "bone of forelimb or pectoral fin or pectoral girdle" RELATED [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "forelimb bone" RELATED [MA:0000612, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "wing bone" NARROW SENSU [UBERONREF:0000003] xref: MA:0000612 is_a: UBERON:0010740 {is_inferred="true"} ! bone of appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010742 name: bone of pelvic complex namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a pelvic complex. Examples: pubis, ischium, fot phalanx, any tarsal bone, any bone of the pelvic fin or girdle." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: Note that the MA class called 'hindlimb bone' belongs here, as it includes bones in the pelvic girdle synonym: "hindlimb bone" RELATED [MA:0000660, UBERONREF:0000003] xref: MA:0000660 is_a: UBERON:0010740 {source="MA"} ! bone of appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010746 name: iliac blade namespace: uberon def: "The extension of the ilium above the level of the acetabulum. Attachment site for both hindlimb and caudal musculature. Medially is the site of attachment of the sacral ribs, where these exist[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium] comment: Taxon notes: Often dorsally expanded in amniotes[ad]. synonym: "a. ossis ilii" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium] synonym: "ala of ilium" EXACT [FMA:42826] synonym: "ala ossis ilii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium] synonym: "ilium ala" EXACT [FMA:42826] synonym: "wing of ilium" EXACT [] synonym: "wing of the ilium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium] xref: FMA:42826 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray235.png xref: SCTID:182024000 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium [Term] id: UBERON:0010747 name: body of ilium namespace: uberon def: "The body of ilium enters into the formation of the acetabulum, of which it forms rather less than two-fifths. Its external surface is partly articular, partly non-articular; the articular segment forms part of the lunate surface of the acetabulum, the non-articular portion contributes to the acetabular fossa. The internal surface of the body is part of the wall of the lesser pelvis and gives origin to some fibers of the Obturator internus. Below, it is continuous with the pelvic surfaces of the ischium and pubis, only a faint line indicating the place of union." [Wikipedia:Body_of_ilium] synonym: "corpus ossis ilii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_ilium] synonym: "ilium body" EXACT [FMA:42825] xref: FMA:42825 xref: SCTID:292524005 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium [Term] id: UBERON:0010757 name: rib 8 namespace: uberon comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eighth rib" EXACT [FMA:8120] xref: FMA:8120 xref: MA:0001408 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_8 xref: SCTID:244663007 xref: UMLS:C1709954 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0010760 name: supraglenoid tubercle namespace: uberon def: "The supraglenoid tubercle is a region of the scapula to which the long head of the biceps brachii muscle attaches." [Wikipedia:Supraglenoid_tubercle] synonym: "supraglenoid tuberosity" EXACT [FMA:23263] synonym: "tuberculum supraglenoidale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Supraglenoid_tubercle] xref: FMA:23263 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png relationship: part_of UBERON:0006633 ! coracoid process of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0010801 name: calcaneum pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon synonym: "calcaneous pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17736 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010842 name: calcaneum cartilage condensation namespace: uberon synonym: "calcaneous cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18143 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010801 ! calcaneum pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010843 name: clavicle cartilaginous condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a clavicle." [OBOL:automatic] comment: In most birds and mammals the clavicles are the only dermal elements in the trunk, and is the only membrane bone associated with the pectoral girdle in these taxa. However, there can be secondary cartilage, or subsequent endochondral ossification, or fusion with endochondral elements. In rodents, the lateral ends of the clavicle are endochondral but the main portion is dermal.[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4] xref: EMAPA:18342 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010844 ! clavicle pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010844 name: clavicle pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a clavicle." [OBOL:automatic] comment: In most birds and mammals the clavicles are the only dermal elements in the trunk, and is the only membrane bone associated with the pectoral girdle in these taxa. However, there can be secondary cartilage, or subsequent endochondral ossification, or fusion with endochondral elements. In rodents, the lateral ends of the clavicle are endochondral but the main portion is dermal.[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4] xref: EMAPA:18026 relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010846 name: radius pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a radius bone." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: still to decide whether this is a distinct pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0001586 is_a: UBERON:0010884 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010847 name: ulna pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a ulna." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002100 xref: EHDAA:6226 is_a: UBERON:0010884 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010848 name: radius-ulna cartilage condensation namespace: uberon comment: AO notes: note that this is not represented as a single unit in EHDAA2 synonym: "radio-ulna cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17711] xref: EMAPA:17711 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010849 name: tibia cartilaginous condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a tibia." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18155 is_a: UBERON:0010885 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010850 ! tibia pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010850 name: tibia pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a tibia." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002036 is_a: UBERON:0010886 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010851 name: fibula cartilaginous condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a fibula." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibulal cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:18154] synonym: "fibular cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:18154] xref: EMAPA:18154 is_a: UBERON:0010885 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010852 ! fibula pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010852 name: fibula pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a fibula." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibulal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "fibular pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000509 xref: EHDAA:6196 is_a: UBERON:0010886 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010853 name: capitulum of humerus namespace: uberon def: "In human anatomy of the arm, the lateral portion of the articular surface of the humerus consists of a smooth, rounded eminence, named the capitulum of the humerus. It articulates with the cupshaped depression on the head of the radius, and is limited to the front and lower part of the bone.." [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] comment: TODO - check AAO. Taxon notes: In birds, where forelimb anatomy has adaptation for flight, its functional if not ontogenetic equivalent is the dorsal condyle of the humerus[WP] synonym: "capitellum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] synonym: "capitulum humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] synonym: "capitulum of humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] synonym: "dorsal condyle of the humerus" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] synonym: "humeral capitulum" EXACT [FMA:23373] xref: FMA:23373 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Capitulumhumeri.PNG xref: SCTID:282816008 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009988 {source="FMA"} ! condyle of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0010881 name: limb bone cartilaginous condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a limb bone." [OBOL:automatic] relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010882 ! limb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010882 name: limb bone pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a limb bone." [OBOL:automatic] relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010883 name: forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a forelimb bone." [OBOL:automatic] subset: grouping_class synonym: "wing bone cartilaginous condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0010881 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010884 ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010884 name: forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a forelimb bone." [OBOL:automatic] subset: grouping_class synonym: "wing bone pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0010882 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010885 name: hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a hindlimb bone." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0010881 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010886 ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010886 name: hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a hindlimb bone." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0010882 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010900 name: tarsometatarsus cartilaginous condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a tarsometatarsus." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0010885 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010901 ! tarsometatarsus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0010901 name: tarsometatarsus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a tarsometatarsus." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0010886 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0010902 name: tibiotarsus cartilaginous condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a tibiotarsus." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0010885 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010903 ! tibiotarsus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010903 name: tibiotarsus pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a tibiotarsus." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0010886 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010904 name: pectoral fin scapula namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral bone that is located medial to the cleithrum, and articulates ventrally with the coracoid, medially with the mesocoracoid when the later is present and posteriorly with the upper one to three proximal radials. The scapula develops from the scapulocoracoid cartilage and belongs to the primary pectoral girdle. It may be perforated by the scapular foramen or it may be notched ventrally and forms together with a similar notch of the coracoid the scapulocoracoid foramen." [TAO:0000583] comment: Alternate definition: A scapula that is connected to a pectoral fin synonym: "hypercoracoc•de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000583] synonym: "hypercoracoc•deum@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000583] synonym: "scapula@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000583] synonym: "scapulas" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000583] synonym: "teleost scapula" RELATED [] xref: TAO:0000583 xref: ZFA:0000583 is_a: UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004753 {source="ZFA"} ! scapulocoracoid [Term] id: UBERON:0010905 name: clavicle bone primordium namespace: uberon comment: lateral part derives from a fish dermal bone while the medial part comes from a spur off the manubrium endochondral bone[JB] synonym: "calvicle primordium" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000254 is_a: UBERON:0007829 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral girdle bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010907 name: parafibula namespace: uberon def: "third bone of the lower leg, normally restricted to the area of the knee, in multuberculates, monotremes and some therians" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryP.html#P] is_a: UBERON:0004251 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb zeugopod bone is_a: UBERON:0005893 ! leg bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010912 name: subdivision of skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements (i.e. bone elements, cartilage elements, cartilage condensations) that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism. Excludes joints." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: AO notes: VSAO def logically wrong subset: non_informative synonym: "skeletal subdivision" EXACT [VSAO:0000042] synonym: "subdivision of skeleton (in vivo)" RELATED [FMA:23879] xref: FMA:23879 xref: SCTID:129140006 xref: VSAO:0000042 is_a: UBERON:0011216 {source="cjm"} ! organ system subdivision property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements that are part of the skeleton.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000042", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010994 name: coronoid process of ulna namespace: uberon def: "The coronoid process is a triangular eminence projecting forward from the upper and front part of the ulna. Its base is continuous with the body of the bone, and of considerable strength. Its apex is pointed, slightly curved upward, and in flexion of the forearm is received into the coronoid fossa of the humerus. Its upper surface is smooth, concave, and forms the lower part of the semilunar notch. Its antero-inferior surface is concave, and marked by a rough impression for the insertion of the Brachialis muscle. At the junction of this surface with the front of the body is a rough eminence, the tuberosity of the ulna, which gives insertion to a part of the Brachialis; to the lateral border of this tuberosity the oblique cord is attached. Its lateral surface presents a narrow, oblong, articular depression, the radial notch. Its medial surface, by its prominent, free margin, serves for the attachment of part of the ulnar collateral ligament. At the front part of this surface is a small rounded eminence for the origin of one head of the Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle; behind the eminence is a depression for part of the origin of the Flexor digitorum profundus muscle; descending from the eminence is a ridge which gives origin to one head of the Pronator teres muscle. Frequently, the Flexor pollicis longus muscle arises from the lower part of the coronoid process by a rounded bundle of muscular fibers." [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna] synonym: "coronoid process" BROAD [FMA:23616] synonym: "coronoid process of the ulna" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna] synonym: "processus coronoideus" EXACT [FMA:23616] synonym: "processus coronoideus ulnae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna] synonym: "ulnar coronoid process" EXACT [] xref: FMA:23616 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray212.png xref: SCTID:181951002 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006822 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0011015 name: iliac fossa namespace: uberon xref: FMA:75316 xref: SCTID:182341009 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium [Term] id: UBERON:0011090 name: skeleton of right pelvic girdle namespace: uberon def: "A skeleton of pelvic girdle that is part of a right pelvic girdle region." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:87593 [Term] id: UBERON:0011091 name: skeleton of left pelvic girdle namespace: uberon def: "A skeleton of pelvic girdle that is part of a left pelvic girdle region." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:87594 [Term] id: UBERON:0011104 name: epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 5." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86330] synonym: "metacarpal 5 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86330 is_a: UBERON:0004390 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0011141 name: appendicular ossicle namespace: uberon def: "Ossicle that is part of the appendicular skeleton." [VSAO:0000131] comment: Examples of appendicular ossicles include the patella and meniscus of the knee joint. synonym: "ossicle of appendicular skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: VSAO:0000131 xref: XAO:0004194 [Term] id: UBERON:0011187 name: greater tubercle of humerus namespace: uberon def: "The greater tubercle of the humerus is situated lateral to the head of the humerus and posteriolateral to the lesser tubercle. Its upper surface is rounded and marked by three flat impressions. the highest of these gives (\"superior facet\") insertion to the Supraspinatus the middle (\"middle facet\") to the Infraspinatus. the lowest one (\"inferior facet\"), and the body of the bone for about 2.5 cm. below it, to the Teres minor. The lateral surface of the greater tubercle is convex, rough, and continuous with the lateral surface of the body. Between the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle is the intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)." [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle] synonym: "greater tubercle" EXACT [FMA:23390] synonym: "greater tubercle of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle] synonym: "greater tuberosity" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle] synonym: "greater tuberosity of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23390] synonym: "tuberculum majus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "tuberculum majus humeri" EXACT [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle] xref: FMA:23390 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Gray326.png xref: ncithesaurus:Greater_Tuberosity xref: SCTID:181934009 xref: UMLS:C1512275 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004411 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0011188 name: lesser tubercle of humerus namespace: uberon def: "The lesser tubercle of the humerus, although smaller, is more prominent than the greater tubercle: it is situated in front, and is directed medially and anteriorly. Above and in front it presents an impression for the insertion of the tendon of the Subscapularis." [Wikipedia:Lesser_tubercle] synonym: "lesser tubercle" EXACT [FMA:23393] synonym: "lesser tubercle of humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lesser_tubercle] synonym: "lesser tubercle of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lesser_tubercle] synonym: "lesser tuberosity of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23393] synonym: "tuberculum minus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:23393 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Tuberculumminushumeri.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Tuberosity xref: SCTID:181935005 xref: UMLS:C0223687 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004411 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0011205 name: carpometacarpus namespace: uberon def: "The carpometacarpus is the fusion of the carpal and metacarpal bone, essentially a single fused bone between the wrist and the knuckles. It is a smallish bone in most birds, generally flattened and with a large hole in the middle. In flightless birds, however, its shape may be slightly different, or it might be absent entirely." [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpus] synonym: "carpometacarpus bone" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0005897 {is_inferred="true"} ! manus bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011216 name: organ system subdivision namespace: uberon def: "Anatomical structure, which consists of a specific set of the members of (predominantly) one organ or organ part subclass interconnected by zones of continuity or body substances; is demarcated from other subdivisions of the same organ system by one or more zones of continuity or anatomical lines; together with other subdivisions of the same organ system, it constitutes an organ system. Examples: rib cage, facial skeleton, portal system, central nervous system, upper respiratory tract, muscle group of back." [FMA:67509] subset: upper_level xref: FBbt:00007330 xref: FMA:67509 xref: SCTID:91690000 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0011246 name: procoracoid bone namespace: uberon comment: In primitive synapsis 3 centers develop in the shoulder: the dorsal center gives rise to the scapula and the two ventral centers produce an anterior coracoid (procoracoid) and posterior coracoid (coracoid). The anterior is homologous to the coracoid of fish[Kardong]. Editor notes: VSAO sais that the procoracoid+coracoid are homologous to the teleost coracoid. Consider adding a separate class for posterior coracoid. synonym: "anterior coracoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "anterior coracoid bone" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "precoracoid" RELATED [] synonym: "precoracoid bone" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "procoracoid" RELATED [] synonym: "procoracoid process" NARROW [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/P.gigas_forelimb.jpg is_a: UBERON:0007829 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral girdle bone is_a: UBERON:0011248 ! procoracoid element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011247 ! procoracoid cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011247 name: procoracoid cartilage namespace: uberon is_a: UBERON:0011248 ! procoracoid element relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011248 name: procoracoid element namespace: uberon synonym: "anterior coracoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "precoracoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "precoracoid" RELATED [AAO:0000760] synonym: "procoracoid" EXACT [AAO:0000760] xref: AAO:0000760 relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Cartilaginous, paired structures located on the anterolateral portions of the zonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000760", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: UBPROP:0000002 "relationship loss: part_of zonal element (AAO:0000936)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000760", ontology="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011250 name: autopod bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a autopod region. Note that this incudes the carpal and tarsal bones." [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0002428 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000006 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015 xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0011575 name: styloid process of ulna namespace: uberon def: "The styloid process of the ulna projects from the medial and back part of the bone; it descends a little lower than the head, and its rounded end affords attachment to the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ulnar_styloid_process] synonym: "processus styloideus ulnae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "processus styloideus ulnae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Ulnar_styloid_process] synonym: "ulnar styloid process" EXACT [FMA:23628] xref: FMA:23628 xref: SCTID:181952009 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004408 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0011582 name: limb/fin skeleton namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb or fin." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "skeletal parts of limb/fin" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of limb/fin" EXACT [] xref: VSAO:0000301 is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Skeletal subdivision that is part of the paired limb/fin.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000301", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011583 name: stylopodial skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Proximal element of a free limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0005007] synonym: "propodial skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "propodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005007] synonym: "stylopod" RELATED [VSAO:0005007] synonym: "stylopodium" RELATED [] synonym: "stylopodium skeleton" EXACT [] xref: VSAO:0005007 is_a: UBERON:0010712 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of limb property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Proximal element of the limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005007", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "propodial" xsd:string property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "stylopodial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0011584 name: zeugopodial skeleton namespace: uberon def: "Section of the forelimb skeleton located between the stylopodium and the autopodium." [VSAO:0005010] synonym: "epipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005010] synonym: "skeleton of zeugopod" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "zeugopod skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "zygopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005010] xref: VSAO:0005010 is_a: UBERON:0010712 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of limb property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "zeugopodial" xsd:string property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "zygopodial" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0011655 name: interclavicle namespace: uberon def: "Dermal bone of pectoral girdle that is median and ventral in position." [VSAO:0000161] comment: See discussion on pectoral girdles - change relationship to overlaps? Kardong: enlarged oval scale. // Present in therapids and monotremes, reduced in size in marsupials and placentals. xref: VSAO:0000161 is_a: UBERON:0007829 {is_inferred="true"} ! pectoral girdle bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="VSAO"} ! pectoral girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011973 name: epiphysis of phalanx of pes namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of a pes [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of phalanx of toe" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:314621001 [Term] id: UBERON:0011974 name: epiphysis of proximal phalanx of pes namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of pes." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of proximal phalanx of toe" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280047006 is_a: UBERON:0004446 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx is_a: UBERON:0011973 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011975 name: epiphysis of middle phalanx of pes namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of pes." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of middle phalanx of toe" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280048001 is_a: UBERON:0004446 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx is_a: UBERON:0011973 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003866 ! middle phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011976 name: epiphysis of distal phalanx of pes namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of pes." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of distal phalanx of toe" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280049009 is_a: UBERON:0004446 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx is_a: UBERON:0011973 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011977 name: epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of proximal phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280044004 is_a: UBERON:0004387 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011978 name: epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of middle phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280045003 is_a: UBERON:0004387 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003864 ! middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011979 name: epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus namespace: uberon def: "An epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manus." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of distal phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280046002 is_a: UBERON:0004387 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0012078 name: fovea capitis of femur namespace: uberon def: "The surface of the head of the femur is smooth, coated with cartilage in the fresh state, except over an ovoid depression, the fovea of head of femur, which is situated a little below and behind the center of the head, and gives attachment to the ligamentum teres." [Wikipedia:Fovea_of_head_of_femur] comment: Absent in pinnipeds synonym: "fovea capitis" BROAD [Wikipedia:Fovea_of_head_of_femur] synonym: "fovea capitis femoris" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Fovea_of_head_of_femur] synonym: "fovea capitis femoris (caput femoris)" EXACT [FMA:43700] synonym: "fovea capitis of femoral head" EXACT [] synonym: "fovea for ligament of head of femur" EXACT [FMA:43700] synonym: "fovea of head of femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fovea_of_head_of_femur] xref: FMA:43700 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0012080 name: patella cartilaginous condensation namespace: uberon def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a patella." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Note some sources have this as intramembranous xref: EMAPA:19140 is_a: UBERON:0010885 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012081 ! patella pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0012081 name: patella pre-cartilage condensation namespace: uberon def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a patella." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18510 is_a: UBERON:0010886 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0012126 name: fibulare namespace: uberon def: "One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The fibulare constitutes the preaxial element[AAO]." [AAO:0000913] comment: In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the tibiale[AAO] synonym: "astragalus" RELATED [AAO:0000913] xref: AAO:0000913 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 {source="AAO"} ! tarsal skeleton property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The fibulare constitutes the preaxial element. In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the tibiale.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000913", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0012129 name: radial head of humerus namespace: uberon def: "Hemispherical ball located at the lower end of the humerus that stands out prominently from the surrounding structures toward the flexor surface of the forelimb" [AAO:LAP, PHENOSCAPE:curators] synonym: "capitellum" RELATED [] synonym: "capitellum of humerus" EXACT [] synonym: "eminentia capitata" RELATED [AAO:0000838] synonym: "radial condyle" RELATED [AAO:0000838] synonym: "radial condyle of humerus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000838 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "Hemispherical ball located at the lower end of the humerus that stands out prominently from the surrounding structures toward the flexor surface of the forelimb and fits into the socket joint of the olecranon process[AAO]." xsd:string {external_class="AAO:0000838", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0012130 name: olecranon fossa namespace: uberon def: "Above the back part of the trochlea of the humerus is a deep triangular depression, the olecranon fossa, in which the summit of the olecranon is received in extension of the forearm." [Wikipedia:Olecranon_fossa] comment: a deep evacuation in the bone, into which the anconeal process of the ulna passes when the elbow joint is extended synonym: "fossa olecrani" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Olecranon_fossa] xref: FMA:23450 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0012131 name: centrale namespace: uberon def: "Endochondral bone located between the proximal and distal rows of carpals or tarsals and thus representing the central carpals or tarsals[PHENOSCAPE]." [PHENOSCAPE:AMAO] comment: Usage notes: This term corresponds both to the navicular bone in the pes and the similar central carpals in the manus. AO notes: the FMA term is under 'general anatomical term'. synonym: "central mesopodium bone" EXACT [] synonym: "os centrale" EXACT [FMA:77232] xref: FMA:77232 is_a: UBERON:0003656 {is_inferred="true"} ! mesopodium bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009878 ! mesopodial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0012135 name: prepollex skeleton namespace: uberon comment: A prepollex does not contain phalanges nor does it articulate with a metacarpal. It articulates with elements of the carpal (wrist) skeleton[AAO:DB]. TODO: add articulation relations synonym: "cartilago pre-pollicis" RELATED [AAO:0000852] synonym: "prepollex" BROAD [AAO:0000852] xref: AAO:0000852 is_a: UBERON:0010712 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb skeleton subdivision is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 {source="AAO"} ! carpal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0012150 name: skeleton of digitopodium namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of the autopod skeleton consisting of both acropodial skeleon and metapodial skeleton, but excluding the mesopodial/basopodial skeleton." [PHENOSCAPE:ni] comment: Terminology notes: some sources call this the acropodium. see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019 synonym: "autopod proper skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "digitopodium" RELATED [PHENOSCAPE:ni] is_a: UBERON:0010712 {is_inferred="true"} ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019 xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0012151 name: skeleton of manual digitopodium namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of the manus skeleton consisting of both manual acropodial skeleton and metacarpal skeleton, but excluding the carpal skeleton." [PHENOSCAPE:ni, UBERON:cjm] comment: Terminology notes: some sources call this the acropodium. see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019 synonym: "hand proper skeleton" RELATED [FMA:79180] synonym: "manual digitopodium" RELATED [] synonym: "skeleton of hand proper" RELATED [FMA:79180] xref: FMA:79180 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019 xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0012152 name: skeleton of pedal digitopodium namespace: uberon def: "A subdivision of the pes skeleton consisting of both pedal acropodial skeleton and metatarsal skeleton, but excluding the tarsal skeleton." [PHENOSCAPE:ni, UBERON:cjm] comment: Terminology notes: some sources call this the acropodium. see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019 synonym: "foot proper skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "pedal digitopodium" RELATED [] synonym: "skeleton of foot proper" RELATED [] relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019 xsd:anyURI [Term] id: UBERON:0012263 name: equine cannon bone namespace: uberon def: "The bone in a horse that is the equivalent of the 3rd metacarpal bone in other mammals." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Metacarpal_bones] is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0012264 name: equine forelimb cannon bone namespace: uberon is_a: UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0012265 name: equine hindlimb cannon bone namespace: uberon is_a: UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0012267 name: equine splint bone namespace: uberon def: "The splint bones sit either side of the cannon bone. Homologous to metapodium bones 2 or 4" [] is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0012268 name: equine forelimb splint bone namespace: uberon is_a: UBERON:0003607 {is_inferred="true"} ! forelimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0012358 {is_inferred="true"} ! manual digitopodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0012269 name: equine hindlimb splint bone namespace: uberon is_a: UBERON:0003608 {is_inferred="true"} ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0012359 {is_inferred="true"} ! pedal digitopodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0012291 name: lateral malleolus of fibula namespace: uberon synonym: "distal extremity of fibula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Malleolus#Lateral_malleolus] synonym: "external malleolus of fibula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Malleolus#Lateral_malleolus] synonym: "fibular malleolus" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral malleolus" BROAD [FMA:35502] synonym: "malleolar bone" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "malleolar bone of ankle" NARROW SENSU [] xref: FMA:35502 xref: SCTID:361795009 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004410 ! distal epiphysis of fibula property_value: UBPROP:0000008 "In bovids, the distal end of the fibula is present only as the lateral malleolus, a separate bone that articulates with the lateral side of the distal tibia." xsd:string {scope="NCBITaxon:9895", seeAlso="UBERON:0004410", source="UBERON:skansa"} [Term] id: UBERON:0012357 name: digitopodium bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a the digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the acropodial skeleton or the metapodial skeleton." [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0011250 {is_inferred="true"} ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0012150 ! skeleton of digitopodium property_value: UBPROP:0000006 reference:0000015 [Term] id: UBERON:0012358 name: manual digitopodium bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a the manual digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the fingers or the metacarpal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bone of forelimb digitopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of hand proper" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:265809008 is_a: UBERON:0005897 {is_inferred="true"} ! manus bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0012151 ! skeleton of manual digitopodium property_value: UBPROP:0000006 reference:0000015 [Term] id: UBERON:0012359 name: pedal digitopodium bone namespace: uberon def: "A bone that is part of a the pedal digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the toes or the metatarsal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bone of foot proper" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of hindlimb digitopodium" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0005899 {is_inferred="true"} ! pes bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0012152 ! skeleton of pedal digitopodium property_value: UBPROP:0000006 reference:0000015 [Term] id: UBERON:0012475 name: skeleton of pectoral complex namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a pectoral complex - i.e. the combination of free limb or fin plus pectoral girdle." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bones of upper limb" RELATED [FMA:24139] synonym: "ossa membri superioris" RELATED [FMA:TA] synonym: "pectoral complex skeleton" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "set of bones of upper limb" RELATED [FMA:24139] synonym: "skeleton of anterior limb/fin and girdle" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "upper limb skeleton" RELATED [FMA:24139] xref: FMA:24139 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0012476 name: skeleton of pelvic complex namespace: uberon def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic complex - i.e. the combination of free limb or fin plus pelvic girdle." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bones of lower limb" RELATED [FMA:24140] synonym: "lower limb skeleton" RELATED [FMA:24140] synonym: "ossa membri inferioris" RELATED [FMA:TA] synonym: "pelvic complex skeleton" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "set of bones of lower limb" RELATED [FMA:24140] synonym: "skeleton of posterior limb/fin and girdle" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:24140 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0013069 name: popliteal area namespace: uberon def: "The popliteal fossa is a space or shallow depression located at the back of the knee-joint. The bones of the popliteal fossa are the femur and the tibia. Colloquially, it is referred to as a \"knee pit.\"" [Wikipedia:Popliteal_fossa] comment: a depression on the ventral side of the femur, between the condyles, presumably related in some fashion to the popliteal nerve and/or artery.[Palaeos] synonym: "popliteal fossa" EXACT [FMA:22525] synonym: "popliteal region" RELATED [] synonym: "popliteal space" RELATED [] xref: FMA:22525 xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/popliteal.gif xref: SCTID:362791002 is_a: UBERON:0005055 {is_inferred="true"} ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:0013121 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of pes namespace: uberon synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32888] synonym: "base of phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32888] synonym: "basis phalangis (pedis)" EXACT [FMA:32888] synonym: "basis phalangis pedis" EXACT [FMA:TA] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:32888] xref: FMA:32888 is_a: UBERON:0004447 {is_inferred="true"} ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx is_a: UBERON:0011973 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0013122 name: distal epiphysis of phalanx of pes namespace: uberon synonym: "caput phalangis (pedis)" EXACT [FMA:32890] synonym: "caput phalangis pedis" EXACT [FMA:TA] synonym: "distal end of phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32890] synonym: "distal epiphysis of phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:32890] synonym: "head of phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32890] xref: FMA:32890 xref: SCTID:236801009 is_a: UBERON:0004448 {is_inferred="true"} ! distal epiphysis of phalanx is_a: UBERON:0011973 {is_inferred="true"} ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0013204 name: epipubic bone namespace: uberon def: "Epipubic bones are a pair of bones projecting forward from the pelvic bones of modern marsupials and of some fossil mammals: multituberculates, monotremes, and even basal eutherians (the ancestors of placental mammals). In modern marsupials the epipubic bones are often called \"marsupial bones\" because they support the mother's pouch (\"marsupium\" is Latin for \"pouch\"), but their presence on other groups of mammals indicates that this was not their original function, which some researchers think was to assist locomotion by supporting some of the muscles that flex the thigh. The epipubic bones were first described in 1698 but their functions have remained unresolved. It has been suggested that they form part of a kinetic linkage stretching from the femur on one side to the ribs on the opposite side. This linkage is formed by a series of muscles: each epipubic bone is connected to the femur by the pectineus muscle, and to the ribs and vertebrae by the pyramidalis, rectus abdominis, and external and internal obliques. According to this hypothesis, the epipubic bones act as levers to stiffen the trunk during locomotion." [Wikipedia:Epipubic_bone] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Macropus_major_hind_legs.png is_a: UBERON:0007830 {source="cjm"} ! pelvic girdle bone/zone property_value: RO:0002161 NCBITaxon:314146 property_value: UBPROP:0000007 "epipubic" xsd:string [Term] id: UBERON:0013207 name: entepicondylar foramen namespace: uberon def: "The entepicondylar foramen is an opening in the distal (far) end of the humerus (upper arm bone) present in some mammals. It is often present in primitive placentals, such as the enigmatic Madagascan Plesiorycteropus. In most Neotominae and all Tylomyinae among cricetid rodents, it is located above the medial epicondyle of the humerus, but it is absent in all Sigmodontinae and Arvicolinae and this trait has been suggested as a synapomorphy for the former subfamily." [Wikipedia:Entepicondylar_foramen] relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0013279 name: diaphysis of fibula namespace: uberon def: "A diaphysis that is part of a fibula[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Body_of_fibula] synonym: "body of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33738] synonym: "corpus fibulae" EXACT [FMA:TA] synonym: "fibula diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33738] synonym: "shaft of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33738] xref: FMA:33738 xref: SCTID:302528006 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The body of fibula presents four borders - the antero-lateral, the antero-medial, the postero-lateral, and the postero-medial; and four surfaces - anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral[Wikipedia:Body_of_fibula]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Body_of_fibula"} [Term] id: UBERON:0013280 name: diaphysis of tibia namespace: uberon def: "A diaphysis that is part of a tibia." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Body_of_tibia] synonym: "body of the tibia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_tibia] synonym: "body of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33125] synonym: "corpus tibiae" EXACT [FMA:TA] synonym: "shaft of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33125] synonym: "shaft of tibia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_tibia] synonym: "tibial diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33125] xref: FMA:33125 xref: SCTID:302525009 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia property_value: UBPROP:0000001 "The body of the tibia has three borders and three surfaces[Wikipedia:Body_of_tibia]." xsd:string {source="Wikipedia:Body_of_tibia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0013581 name: metapodium bone 1 namespace: uberon synonym: "metapodium 1" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodium I" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0013582 name: metapodium bone 2 namespace: uberon synonym: "metapodium 2" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodium II" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0013583 name: metapodium bone 3 namespace: uberon synonym: "metapodium 3" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodium III" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0013584 name: metapodium bone 4 namespace: uberon synonym: "metapodium 4" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodium IV" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0013585 name: metapodium bone 5 namespace: uberon synonym: "metapodium 5" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodium V" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0013633 name: intertrochanteric crest namespace: uberon def: "The intertrochanteric crest is a bony ridge located on the posterior side of the head of the femur, stretching obliquely downward and medially from the summit of the greater trochanter to the lesser trochanter. Together with the intertrochanteric line on the anterior side of the head, the crest mark the transition between of the neck of femur into the shaft of femur. An elevation between the middle and proximal third of the crest is known as the quadrate tubercle. The upper half of the crest forms the posterior border of the greater trochanter. The distal capsular attachment on the femur follows the shape of the irregular rim between the head and the neck. As a consequence, the capsule of the hip joint attaches in the region of the intertrochanteric line on the anterior side, but a finger away from the intertrochanteric crest on the posterior side of the head." [Wikipedia:Intertrochanteric_crest] xref: FMA:75100 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0013634 name: intertrochanteric line namespace: uberon def: "The intertrochanteric line (or spiral line of the femur) is a line located on the anterior side of the proximal end of the femur. The rough, variable ridge stretches between the lesser trochanter and the greater trochanter forming the base of the neck of the femur, roughly following the direction of the shaft of the femur. The iliofemoral ligament — the largest ligament of the human body — attaches above the line which also strengthen the capsule of the hip joint. The lower half, less prominent than the upper half, gives origin to the upper part of the Vastus medialis. Just like the intertrochanteric crest on the posterior side of the femural head, the intertrochanteric line mark the transition between the femural neck and shaft. The distal capsular attachment on the femur follows the shape of the irregular rim between the head and the neck. As a consequence, the capsule of the hip joint attaches in the region of the intertrochanteric line on the anterior side, but a finger away from the intertrochanteric crest on the posterior side of the head. The fibers of the ischiocapsular ligament attaches both on the joint capsule and to the intertrochanteric line." [Wikipedia:Intertrochanteric_line] xref: FMA:74587 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: http://owltools.org/Q [Typedef] id: develops_from is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: part_of is_transitive: true