format-version: 1.2
ontology: uberon
subsetdef: cyclostome_subset "cyclostome structures"
subsetdef: defined_by_ordinal_series "classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology"
subsetdef: developmental_classification "developmental_classification"
subsetdef: disjointness_axiom_removed "A class which has a weakened disjointness axiom, to avoid inconsistency. These are kept separately in the uberon_disjoint_from_strict ontology."
subsetdef: dubious_grouping "Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked"
subsetdef: early_development "A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes."
subsetdef: emapa_ehdaa2 "derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked"
subsetdef: functional_classification "functional_classification"
subsetdef: grouping_class "Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes"
subsetdef: inconsistent_with_fma "classes that have some inconsistency with FMA"
subsetdef: inherited_grouping_class "A grouping class that originates in two or more separate anatomical ontologies. Includes 'region of X' type terms"
subsetdef: loose_concept "loose concept"
subsetdef: major_organ "somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads"
subsetdef: metazoa_core "core classes typically found across metazoa. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new metazoan AO. Note this subset is not yet fully fleshed out"
subsetdef: non_informative "abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative"
subsetdef: organ_slim "organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements"
subsetdef: phenotype_rcn "A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA"
subsetdef: uberon_slim "Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms"
subsetdef: unverified_taxonomic_grouping "Indicates that the class encompasses classes from other AOs that have not been verified"
subsetdef: upper_level "abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis"
subsetdef: upper_ontology_conflict "Terms in this subset group together terms from different anatomy ontologies that have conflicting upper ontology/CARO assignments. For example, in FMA the naris is immaterial and in ZFA it is an organism subdivision."
subsetdef: vertebrate_core "core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO"
subsetdef: vessel_or_tree "A term classified differently in FMA due to its treatment of branching structures - to be reviewed and revised by editors"
synonymtypedef: ABBREVIATION "abbreviation"
synonymtypedef: ATTRIBUTION_REQUIRED "expert consultation and attribution required"
synonymtypedef: DEPRECATED "A historic synonym, no longer encouraged"
synonymtypedef: DEVELOPMENTAL "developmental term"
synonymtypedef: DUBIOUS "dubious or contested synonym"
synonymtypedef: HOMOLOGY "a synonym made on the basis of a possibly homologous structure in another species"
synonymtypedef: HUMAN_PREFERRED "preferred term when talking about an instance of this class in Homo sapiens"
synonymtypedef: INCONSISTENT "indicates that a synonym is used in an inconsistent or confusing way, typically between species"
synonymtypedef: LATIN "latin term"
synonymtypedef: PLURAL "plural term"
synonymtypedef: SENSU "taxonomic disambiguation"
treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: BILA
treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: BSPO
treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: CARO
treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: GO
treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: NIF_GrossAnatomy
treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: OG
treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: VSAO
treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: ABA
treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: EHDAA
treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: EMAPA
treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: EV
treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: OGES
treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: SCTID
treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: ncithesaurus
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: AAO part_of NCBITaxon:8292
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: EHDAA2 part_of NCBITaxon:9606
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: FBbt part_of NCBITaxon:7227
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: FBdv part_of NCBITaxon:7227
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: FMA part_of NCBITaxon:9606
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: HAO part_of NCBITaxon:7399
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: HsapDv part_of NCBITaxon:9606
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: MA part_of NCBITaxon:10088
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: MFO part_of NCBITaxon:8089
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: MmusDv part_of NCBITaxon:10088
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: OlatDv part_of NCBITaxon:8089
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: SPD part_of NCBITaxon:6893
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: TADS part_of NCBITaxon:6939
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: TAO part_of NCBITaxon:32443
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: TGMA part_of NCBITaxon:44484
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: WBbt part_of NCBITaxon:6237
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: XAO part_of NCBITaxon:8353
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: ZFA part_of NCBITaxon:7954
treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: ZFS part_of NCBITaxon:7954

[Typedef]
id: bearer_of
name: bearer of
namespace: BFO
xref: BFO:0000053

[Typedef]
id: realized_by
name: realized by
namespace: BFO
xref: BFO:0000054

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000000
name: processual entity
namespace: uberon
def: "An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity." [span:ProcessualEntity]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001062  ! anatomical entity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000003
name: naris
namespace: uberon
def: "Orifice of the olfactory system. The naris is the route by which odorants enter the olfactory system[MAH]." [UBERON:MAH]
comment: consistency notes: we have classified this as an orifice, according to FMA. Note that in FMA, orifices are immaterial entities, but in ZFA this is a surface structure. Taxon notes: in actinopterygians, both pairs of nares are external. In tetrapods, the exhalant empties into the buccal cavity
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: upper_ontology_conflict  ! Terms in this subset group together terms from different anatomy ontologies that have conflicting upper ontology/CARO assignments. For example, in FMA the naris is immaterial and in ZFA it is an organism subdivision.
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0000311
xref: EHDAA2:0001225
xref: EHDAA:9083
xref: EMAPA:17847
xref: MA:0000282
xref: SCTID:272650008
xref: VHOG:0000663
xref: galen:Naris
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005725 ! olfactory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005725 ! olfactory system
property_value: external_definition "One of paired external openings of the nasal chamber.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Naris refer to the external and interior naris (choana) of tetrapods, and to anterior and posterior naris of zebrafish. It seems now accepted that the structure is homologous: The choana, a unique 'internal nostril' opening from the nasal sac into the roof of the mouth, is a key part of the tetrapod (land vertebrate) respiratory system. It was the first component of the tetrapod body plan to evolve, well before the origin of limbs, and is therefore crucial to our understanding of the beginning of the fish-tetrapod transition.  (...) Here we present new material of Kenichthys, a 395-million-year-old fossil fish from China, that provides direct evidence for the origin of the choana and establishes its homology: it is indeed a displaced posterior external nostril that, during a brief transitional stage illustrated by Kenichthys, separated the maxilla from the premaxilla.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000004
name: olfactory apparatus
namespace: uberon
def: "a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which admit and expel air for respiration in conjunction with the mouth. Behind the nose are the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses. Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes through the pharynx, shared with the digestive system, and then into the rest of the respiratory system. In humans, the nose is located centrally on the face; on most other mammals, it is on the upper tip of the snout[WP]. GO: The nose is the specialized structure of the face that serves as the organ of the sense of smell and as part of the respiratory system. Includes the nasi externus (external nose) and cavitas nasi (nasal cavity)." [Wikipedia:Nose]
comment: TODO - distinguish generic olfactory apparatus from nose; we have olfactory organ for the generic organ - add new class 'olfactory structure'?
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Nasus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nose]
synonym: "nasal sac" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0000047]
synonym: "nose" EXACT []
synonym: "peripheral olfactory organ" EXACT []
synonym: "proboscis" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000840
xref: EFO:0000828
xref: EHDAA2:0001274
xref: EHDAA:1502
xref: EMAPA:16542
xref: EV:0100037
xref: EV:0100370
xref: FMA:46472
xref: GAID:77
xref: MA:0000281
xref: MAT:0000139
xref: MESH:A01.456.505.733
xref: MIAA:0000139
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181195007
xref: TAO:0000047
xref: UMLS:C0028429
xref: ZFA:0000047
xref: galen:Nose
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Canine-nose.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Nose
is_a: UBERON:0002268  ! olfactory organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 ! olfactory placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004089 ! midface

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000005
name: chemosensory organ
namespace: uberon
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "chemosensory sensory organ" EXACT [FBbt:00005157]
xref: FBbt:00005157
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005726 ! chemosensory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000006
name: islet of Langerhans
namespace: uberon
def: "Regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells." [Wikipedia:Islets_of_Langerhans]
comment: A primitive exocrine pancreas can be found in holocephalan cartilaginous fish; a pancreatic duct directly ending in the gut lumen is connected to a glandular structure made of exocrine cells and associated with cell islets, which comprises three different hormone-producing cell types: insulin, somatostatin and glucagon (Yui and Fujita, 1986)[PMID:16417468]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "island of Langerhans" RELATED [BTO:0000991]
synonym: "island of pancreas" RELATED [BTO:0000991]
synonym: "islets of langerhans" RELATED []
synonym: "pancreatic insula" EXACT []
synonym: "pancreatic islet" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010406
xref: BTO:0000991
xref: EFO:0000856
xref: EMAPA:19246
xref: EMAPA:19247
xref: EMAPA:19248
xref: EV:0100130
xref: FMA:16016
xref: GAID:324
xref: MA:0000127
xref: MAT:0000076
xref: MESH:A03.734.414
xref: MIAA:0000076
xref: UMLS:C0022131
xref: VHOG:0000646
xref: XAO:0000159
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Gray1105.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Islet_of_Langerhans
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000016 ! endocrine pancreas
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which consists of glands developed from pancreatic ducts in the larvae and secrete insulin.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians have a pancreas with similar histology and mode of development, while in some fish, the islet cells are segregated as Brockmann bodies.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000007
name: pituitary gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands [GO]. An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin [ZFIN]." [Wikipedia:Pituitary_gland, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Taxon notes: The lamprey possesses a distinct pituitary organ and hormones, the ascidian does not show distinct evidence of them [Sower S, Freamat M, Kavanaugh S. The origins of the vertebrate hypothalamicbpituitarybgonadal (HPG) and hypothalamicbpituitarybthyroid (HPT) endocrine systems: new insights from lampreys. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2009;161:20-9]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "glandula pituitaria" RELATED [BTO:0001073]
synonym: "hypophysis" RELATED [ZFA:0000118]
synonym: "hypophysis cerebri" RELATED [MA:0000176]
synonym: "hypophysis, glandula pituitaria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pituitary_gland]
synonym: "pituitary" EXACT [BTO:0001073]
synonym: "pituitary body" EXACT [BTO:0001073]
xref: AAO:0010536
xref: BM:Die-Hy-HY
xref: BTO:0001073
xref: EFO:0000857
xref: EHDAA2:0001471
xref: EHDAA:2183
xref: EHDAA:4477
xref: EMAPA:16647
xref: EMAPA:16898
xref: EV:0100132
xref: FMA:13889
xref: GAID:457
xref: MA:0000176
xref: MAT:0000077
xref: MESH:A06.407.747
xref: MIAA:0000077
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1353
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6NQYJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181125003
xref: TAO:0000118
xref: UMLS:C0032005
xref: VHOG:0000143
xref: XAO:0000017
xref: ZFA:0000118
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray1180.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray1180.png/200px-Gray1180.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pituitary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0003296  ! gland of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0010133  ! neuroendocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: external_definition "An endocrine gland derived from infundibulum of the floor of the diencephalon and an ectodermal dorsal protrusion from the buccal cavity which controls the secretion of many hormones influencing the function of various organs of the body.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000009
name: submucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of dense irregular connective tissue in the gastrointestinal tract that supports the mucosa, as well as joins the mucosa to the bulk of underlying smooth muscle (fibers running circularly within layer of longitudinal muscle). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submucosa]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "organ submucosa" EXACT [FMA:85391]
synonym: "region of submucosa" EXACT [FMA:85392]
synonym: "submucosa of organ" EXACT [FMA:85391]
synonym: "submucosa of region of organ" EXACT [FMA:85392]
synonym: "submucous layer" RELATED [BTO:0002107]
synonym: "tela submucosa" RELATED [BTO:0002107]
synonym: "tunica submucosa" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0002107
xref: FMA:85391
xref: FMA:85392
xref: SCTID:68439008
xref: UMLS:C0225344
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Ens.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Ens.png/200px-Ens.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011822 ! dense irregular connective tissue
property_value: has_relational_adjective "submucosal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000010
name: peripheral nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Divided into somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system" [FB:gg, OMD:peripheral+nervous+system, Wikipedia:Peripheral_nervous_system, ZFIN:curator]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "PNS" RELATED []
synonym: "pars peripherica; systema nervosum periphericum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Peripheral_nervous_system]
xref: AAO:0000429
xref: BILA:0000081
xref: BTO:0001028
xref: EFO:0000891
xref: EHDAA2:0001445
xref: EHDAA:2893
xref: EMAPA:16665
xref: EMAPA:18370
xref: EV:0100335
xref: FBbt:00005098
xref: FMA:9903
xref: GAID:715
xref: MA:0000218
xref: MAT:0000338
xref: MESH:A08.800
xref: MIAA:0000338
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1111
xref: SCTID:362292005
xref: TAO:0000142
xref: UMLS:C0206417
xref: VHOG:0000399
xref: XAO:0000178
xref: ZFA:0000142
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png/200px-Nervous_system_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Peripheral_Nervous_System
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011216  ! organ system subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001017
property_value: external_definition "Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of nervous system in which nerves extend throughout the body outside of the brain and spinal cord.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) specific vertebrate traits within the chordate phylum such as skeletal tissues, PNS, and spectacular head and brain development, are linked to the NC (neural crest) and its derivatives.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000011
name: parasympathetic nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is a division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), along with the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS). The ANS is a subdivision of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). ANS sends fibers to three tissues: cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, or glandular tissue. This stimulation, sympathetic or parasympathetic, is to control smooth muscle contraction, regulate cardiac muscle, or stimulate or inhibit glandular secretion [Wikipedia]. The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia [GO]." [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_nervous_system]
comment: Development notes: has developmental contribution from NC in verteberates (UBERONREF:0000002)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "PNS - parasympathetic" EXACT []
synonym: "parasympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT []
synonym: "pars parasympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9907, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_nervous_system]
xref: AAO:0010488
xref: BTO:0001833
xref: EFO:0000894
xref: EHDA:10096
xref: EHDAA2:0001402
xref: EHDAA:4655
xref: EMAPA:17270
xref: FMA:9907
xref: GAID:708
xref: MA:0000223
xref: MAT:0000101
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.600
xref: MIAA:0000101
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2517
xref: SCTID:362496006
xref: TAO:0001575
xref: UMLS:C0030510
xref: VHOG:0000755
xref: ZFA:0001575
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Parasympathetic_Nervous_System
is_a: UBERON:0002410  ! autonomic nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Part of the autonomic nervous system which has opposing physiological effects of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples include decreasing the heart rate or dilating the blood vessels.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In mammals, the autonomic nervous system is divided into two contrasting, antagonistic systems of control over visceral activity: the sympathetic system and the parasympathetic system (reference 1); In general, the teleosts may be considered phylogenetically the first class of vertebrates in which the heart is regulated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic neural pathways (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000012
name: somatic nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the peripheral nervous system consisting of efferent nerves responsible for stimulating muscle contraction, including all the neurons connected with skeletal muscles, skin, and sense organs[WP, modified]." [Wikipedia:Somatic_nervous_system]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "PNS - somatic" EXACT []
synonym: "somatic nervous system, somatic division" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100301]
synonym: "somatic peripheral nervous system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100301]
xref: EFO:0000892
xref: EFO:0000898
xref: FMA:9904
xref: MA:0002850
xref: MAT:0000099
xref: MAT:0000342
xref: MIAA:0000099
xref: MIAA:0000342
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100301
xref: WBbt:0005760
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011216  ! organ system subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000013
name: sympathetic nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is a branch of the autonomic nervous system along with the enteric nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. It is always active at a basal level (called sympathetic tone) and becomes more active during times of stress. Its actions during the stress response comprise the fight-or-flight response [Wikipedia]. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter [GO]." [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_nervous_system]
comment: Development notes: has developmental contribution from NC in verteberates (UBERONREF:0000002)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9906, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Sympathetic_nervous_system]
synonym: "sympathetic nervous system" EXACT []
synonym: "sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010487
xref: BTO:0001832
xref: EFO:0000893
xref: EHDAA2:0001971
xref: EHDAA:3769
xref: EMAPA:16985
xref: FMA:9906
xref: GAID:710
xref: MA:0000225
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.800
xref: MIAA:0000100
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2516
xref: SCTID:362484004
xref: TAO:0001576
xref: UMLS:C0039044
xref: VHOG:0000384
xref: ZFA:0001576
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sympathetic_Nervous_System
is_a: UBERON:0002410  ! autonomic nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Part of the autonomic nervous system which has opposing physiological effects of the parasympathetic nervous system. Examples include increasing the heart rate or constricting the blood vessels.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The part of the autonomic nervous system which chiefly contains adrenergic fibres and tends to control and reduce secretions, decrease the contractility and hence the tone of smooth muscles and provoke the contraction of blood vessels. Essentially, it consists of preganglionic fibres from the thoracic and upper lumbar parts of the spinal cord. These fibres, by means of delicate rami communicantes, cross over to ganglia sited in a pair of ganglionated cords on each side of the vertebral column or to more peripheral ganglia. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The autonomic nervous system is composed of three divisions: the sympathetic division, the parasympathetic division, and the enteric division. (...) In ray-finned teleost fishes, a sympathetic chain is present, and dual innervation of additional organs can be observed. A similar pattern can be found in amphibians (...). The evolution of the autonomic nervous system has been quite conservative, especially in the tetrapod lineage.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000014
name: zone of skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A sub-region of the skin. Note the distinct between the entire skin of the body, of which there is only 1 in an organism, and zones of skin, of which there can be many. Examples: skin of knee" [GOC:cjm, Wikipedia:Skin]
comment: we assume that mouse, HOG and GAID all mean zone of skin when they say skin. We also choose skin as an exact synonym, as it is more intuitive
synonym: "portion of skin" EXACT []
synonym: "region of skin" EXACT []
synonym: "skin" EXACT [MA:0000151]
synonym: "skin region" EXACT []
synonym: "skin zone" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001844
xref: EHDAA:6530
xref: EV:0100152
xref: FMA:86166
xref: GAID:933
xref: MA:0000151
xref: MAT:0000284
xref: MESH:A17.815
xref: MIAA:0000284
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjX3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:20795001
xref: VHOG:0000860
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/HumanSkinDiagram.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Skin.svg/200px-Skin.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
property_value: homology_notes " (...) it is well-established that neural crest cells contribute to both the dermal skeleton (craniofacial bone, teeth, and the caudal fin rays of teleosts) and the integument, including craniofacial dermis and all pigment cells outside the retina (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000015
name: anatomical boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "Structural anatomical relation which holds between each anatomical entity of one to three dimensions and some immaterial anatomical entity of one lower dimension such that the latter demarcates (delimits) the former from its neighborhood." [FMA:256502]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "anatomical boundary entity" EXACT [FMA:50705]
xref: AEO:0000192
xref: FMA:50705
is_a: UBERON:0000466  ! immaterial anatomical entity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000016
name: endocrine pancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "The endocrine pancreas is made up of islet cells that produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin[GO]." [GOC:GO, Wikipedia:Islets_of_Langerhans]
comment: Editor notes - endocrine and exocrine pancrease are not co-associated in hagfishes or lampreys [PMID:20959416] - create a separate class for these?
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "endocrine pancreas" EXACT []
synonym: "endocrine part of pancreas" RELATED [BTO:0000650]
synonym: "islets of Langerhans part of pancreas" RELATED []
synonym: "pars endocrina pancreatis" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000650
xref: EV:0100129
xref: FMA:16018
xref: MA:0001582
xref: SCTID:361339003
xref: TAO:0001260
xref: VHOG:0000049
xref: ZFA:0001260
xref: ncithesaurus:Endocrine_Pancreas
is_a: UBERON:0002075  ! viscus
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003923 ! dorsal pancreatic bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas
property_value: external_definition "The part of the pancreas that acts as an endocrine gland, consisting of the islets of Langerhans, which secrete insulin and other hormones. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The zebrafish endocrine pancreas is composed of small groups of islet cells that are distributed throughout the exocrine pancreas.  The islet cells produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000017
name: exocrine pancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "The exocrine pancreas produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells [GO]. The exocrine pancreas is composed of acinar epithelial cells and ductal epithelium that manufacture the proteolytic enzymes and bicarbonate required for digestion." [GOC:GO, Wikipedia:Exocrine_component_of_pancreas]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "exocrine pancreas" EXACT []
synonym: "exocrine part of pancreas" RELATED [BTO:0000434]
synonym: "pars exocrina pancreatis" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010407
xref: BTO:0000434
xref: EV:0100093
xref: FMA:16017
xref: MA:0002415
xref: SCTID:248202004
xref: TAO:0001249
xref: UMLS:C0553695
xref: VHOG:0000048
xref: XAO:0000137
xref: ZFA:0001249
xref: ncithesaurus:Exocrine_Pancreas
is_a: UBERON:0002075  ! viscus
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003924 ! ventral pancreatic bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system
property_value: external_definition "The exocrine pancreas is composed of acinar epithelial cells and ductal epithelium that manufacture the proteolytic enzymes and bicarbonate required for digestion.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The part of the pancreas that acts as an exocrine gland, consisting of the pancreatic acini, which produce pancreatic juice and secrete it into the intestine to aid in protein digestion. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000019
name: camera-type eye
namespace: uberon
def: "The camera-type eye is an organ of sight that receives light through an aperture and focuses it through a lens, projecting it on a photoreceptor field[GO]. The eye contains the following parts (when they are present in the organism): the eyeball (eye proper), the lacrimal apparatus, the conjuctival, the eyelid." [GO:0043010, UBERON:cjm]
comment: AO notes: FMA distinguishes Eye (subdivision of face) which has its parts an Eyeball (organ). MA includes eyelid, conjunctiva and lacrimal apparatus as part of MA:eye - consistent with FMA - so we can infer that MA:eye is more like FMA:eye than FMA:eyeball. For other AOs this distinction is less meaningful - e.g. ZFA has no eyelid; XAO has no eyelid, but it has conjuctiva, which is considered part of the xao:eye. GO considers eyelid development part of eye development. See also notes on optic nerve - XAO, AAO and BTO consider this part of the eye. MA considers the eye muscles part of the eye, whereas FMA has a class 'orbital content' for this
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "camera-type eye plus associated structures" RELATED []
synonym: "eye" BROAD [FMA:54448]
synonym: "eyes" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000107]
synonym: "orbital part of face" EXACT [FMA:54448]
synonym: "orbital region" RELATED [FMA:54448]
synonym: "regio orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54448, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vertebrate eye" NARROW []
xref: AAO:0010340
xref: BTO:0004688
xref: EHDAA2:0000484
xref: EHDAA:936
xref: EMAPA:16198
xref: FMA:54448
xref: MA:0000261
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1169
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngx4rwKSh9pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVil5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181143004
xref: TAO:0000107
xref: UMLS:C0015392
xref: VHOG:0000275
xref: XAO:0000179
xref: ZFA:0000107
xref: ncithesaurus:Eye
is_a: UBERON:0000047  ! simple eye
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003072 ! optic cup
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004088 ! ocular region
property_value: external_definition "A cavitated compound organ that transduces light waves into neural signals.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000020
name: sense organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is capable of detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Sinnesorgan" RELATED [BTO:0000202]
synonym: "organ of sense organ system" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "organ of sensory organ system" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "organ of sensory system" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "sense organ system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sensillum" NARROW [WBbt:0006929]
synonym: "sensor" RELATED []
synonym: "sensory organ" EXACT []
synonym: "sensory organ system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sensory system organ" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: AEO:0000094
xref: BTO:0000202
xref: EHDAA2:0001824
xref: EHDAA:500
xref: EMAPA:16192
xref: FBbt:00005155
xref: GAID:63
xref: HAO:0000930
xref: MA:0000017
xref: MESH:A09
xref: SCTID:244485009
xref: UMLS:C0935626
xref: VHOG:0001407
xref: WBbt:0006929
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray722.png/200px-Gray722.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Organ_of_the_Special_Sense
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000021
name: cutaneous appendage
namespace: uberon
def: "Appendage that protrudes from the skin." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Examples: hair, nail (FMA); feather, claw, hoof, horn, wattle, spur, beak, scale(?), antler, bristle. Editors note: Mammary glands develop by similar mechanisms, and there is an argument for including them here (e.g. PMID:20484386), but these structures do not fit the current definition (lactiferous glands are part of the integumentary system in FMA). Note the FMA class is a subdivision of epidermis, which may be too restrictive for our purposes here. TODO: revise after definition of appendage is finalized in CARO2; in addition, verify subtypes w.r.t definition - e.g. beaks may overlap with skin of body rather than being part of it - rhamphotheca may be more appropriate
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "epidermal appendage" NARROW []
synonym: "epidermal growth" RELATED []
synonym: "skin appendage" EXACT [FMA:71012]
xref: FMA:71012
xref: SCTID:276160000
is_a: UBERON:0000026  ! appendage
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000022
name: feather
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds. Feathers are formed in tiny follicles in the epidermis, or outer skin layer, that produce keratin proteins. The N2-keratins in feathers, beaks and claws b and the claws, scales and shells of reptiles b are composed of protein strands hydrogen-bonded into N2-pleated sheets, which are then further twisted and crosslinked by disulfide bridges into structures even tougher than the N1-keratins of mammalian hair, horns and hoof. The exact signals that induce the growth of feathers on the skin are not known but it has been found that the transcription factor cDermo-1 induces the growth of feathers on skin and scales on the leg." [Wikipedia:Feather]
comment: Taxon notes: They are among the characteristics that distinguish the extant Aves from other living groups. Feathers have also been noticed in those Theropoda which have been termed feathered dinosaurs. Although feathers cover most parts of the body of birds, they arise only from certain well-defined tracts on the skin. They aid in flight, thermal insulation, waterproofing and coloration that helps in communication and protection. Structure notes: The N2-keratins in feathers, beaks and claws b and the claws, scales and shells of reptiles b are composed of protein strands hydrogen-bonded into N2-pleated sheets, which are then further twisted and crosslinked by disulfide bridges into structures even tougher than the N1-keratins of mammalian hair, horns and hoof.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0000447
xref: EFO:0000955
xref: GAID:1214
xref: MAT:0000156
xref: MESH:A13.370
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjW-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:410027006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Parts_of_feather_modified.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000021  ! cutaneous appendage
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
property_value: seeAlso http://xkcd.com/1104/

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000023
name: wing
namespace: uberon
def: "Appendage that is used to produce lift for flight through the air." [Wikipedia:Wing]
comment: This class is not monophyletic. See also: GO:0007629
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0001463
xref: EFO:0000885
xref: GAID:1217
xref: MAT:0000202
xref: MESH:A13.395.823
xref: MIAA:0000202
is_a: UBERON:0000026  ! appendage
property_value: has_relational_adjective "alar" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000024
name: forelimb wing
namespace: uberon
def: "Forelimb that is used to produce lift for flight through the air." []
comment: Examples: bat wing, bird wing
synonym: "wing wing" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000023  ! wing
is_a: UBERON:0002102  ! forelimb
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000025
name: tube
namespace: uberon
synonym: "epithelial or endothelial lined tube" RELATED []
xref: galen:Tube
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
property_value: has_relational_adjective "tubular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000026
name: appendage
namespace: uberon
def: "Major subdivision of an organism that protrudes from the body[DOS]. Organ or organ part that is attached to the body of an organism. For example a limb[GO, modified]. An appendage is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's body, such as a vertebrate's limbs[BILA]." [BILA:0000018, GO:0048736, Wikipedia:Appendage]
comment: GO includes tree trunks, but excludes antennae. We modify trunk to body in our definition. Note this is currently a subtype of organism subdivision - which would exclude feathers
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Extremitaet" RELATED [BTO:0001492]
synonym: "extremity" RELATED []
synonym: "limbs/digits/tail" RELATED [MP:0000001]
xref: AEO:0000193
xref: BILA:0000018
xref: BTO:0001492
xref: CARO:0010003
xref: EFO:0000799
xref: EHDAA2:0003193
xref: EV:0100155
xref: FBbt:00007000
xref: HAO:0000144
xref: MAT:0000023
xref: MESH:A01.378
xref: MIAA:0000023
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViC-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0598782
xref: VSAO:0000075
xref: XAO:0000218
xref: ncithesaurus:Appendage
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
property_value: has_relational_adjective "appendicular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000029
name: lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "Oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system. Lymph nodes are garrisons of B, T, and other immune cells. Lymph nodes are found all through the body, and act as filters or traps for foreign particles. They contain white blood cells that use oxygen to process. Thus they are important in the proper functioning of the immune system. The lymph node is surrounded by a fibrous capsule, and inside the lymph node the fibrous capsule extends to form trabeculae. The substance of the lymph node is divided into the outer cortex and the inner medulla surrounded by the former all around except for at the hilum, where the medulla comes in direct contact with the surface. Thin reticular fibers, elastin and reticular fibers form a supporting meshwork called reticular network (RN) inside the node, within which the white blood cells (WBCs), most prominently, lymphocytes are tightly packed as follicles in the cortex. Elsewhere, there are only occasional WBCs. The RN provides not just the structural support, but also provide surface for adhesion of the dendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytes. It allows for exchange of material with blood through the high endothelial venules and provides the growth and regulatory factors necessary for activation and maturation of immune cells[WP]." [GAID:947, Wikipedia:Lymph_node]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lymph gland" RELATED [VHOG:0001273]
synonym: "nodus lymphaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lymph_node]
xref: BTO:0000784
xref: EFO:0000872
xref: EV:0100050
xref: FMA:5034
xref: GAID:947
xref: MA:0000139
xref: MAT:0000442
xref: MESH:A15.382.520.604.412
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwLPqLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181756000
xref: TAO:0005318
xref: UMLS:C0024204
xref: VHOG:0001273
xref: ZFA:0005318
xref: galen:Lymphnode
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Illu_lymph_node_structure.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:32443
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8570
property_value: homology_notes "Lymph nodes that are associated with the lymphatic system have evolved in mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000030
name: lamina propria
namespace: uberon
def: "A thin layer of loose connective tissue which lies beneath the epithelium and together with the epithelium constitutes the mucosa[WP]. The lamina propria contains capillaries and a central lacteal (lymph vessel) in the small intestine, as well as lymphoid tissue. Lamina propria also contains glands with the ducts opening on to the mucosal epithelium, that secrete mucus and serous secretions." [Wikipedia:Lamina_propria]
comment: Editor notes: need to implement rules such that \"lamina propria of X\" is classified as part of some \"mucosa of X\"
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae" EXACT []
synonym: "tunica propria" RELATED [BTO:0002330]
xref: BTO:0002330
xref: FMA:62517
xref: SCTID:298225002
xref: UMLS:C1179187
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/GI_Organization.svg/250px-GI_Organization.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lamina_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011825 ! loose connective tissue
relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000031
name: lamina propria of trachea
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a respiratory airway." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea lamina propria" EXACT []
synonym: "trachea lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tracheal lamina propria" EXACT []
synonym: "windpipe lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001858
xref: UMLS:C1710457
xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Lamina_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0004779  ! respiratory system lamina propria
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000379 ! tracheal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000032
name: obsolete cranial structure
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: obsoleted as it was a grouping class that served no purpose

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000033
name: head
namespace: uberon
def: "The head is the anterior-most division of the body [GO]." [GO:0060322, Wikipedia:Head]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "adult head" NARROW []
synonym: "cephalic area" RELATED [SPD:0000016]
synonym: "head (volume)" EXACT [FMA:7154]
xref: AAO:0010335
xref: AEO:0000106
xref: BILA:0000115
xref: BTO:0000282
xref: EFO:0000964
xref: EHDAA2:0003106
xref: FBbt:00000004
xref: FMA:7154
xref: GAID:61
xref: HAO:0000397
xref: MA:0000023
xref: MAT:0000294
xref: MESH:A01.456
xref: MIAA:0000294
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1230
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rEOLm4rgPEdmAAAACs6hRjg
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi6YJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302548004
xref: SPD:0000016
xref: TAO:0001114
xref: TGMA:0000002
xref: UMLS:C0018670
xref: VHOG:0001644
xref: WBbt:0005739
xref: XAO:0003024
xref: ZFA:0001114
xref: galen:Head
xref: ncithesaurus:Head
is_a: UBERON:0011676  ! axial subdivision of organism
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000948
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002100
property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision that is the part of the body consisting of the cranial and pharyngeal regions.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision which is the part of the body which consists of the cranial and pharygeal regions.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrate evolution has been characterized by a fresh and vast array of cranial structures that collectively form the head.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000035
name: primary ovarian follicle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "folliculus ovaricus primarius" EXACT []
synonym: "ovary primary follicle" EXACT [MA:0002907]
synonym: "preantral follicle of ovary" EXACT []
synonym: "primary egg follicle" RELATED []
synonym: "primary follicle of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18634]
xref: BTO:0000410
xref: EMAPA:19284
xref: FMA:18634
xref: MA:0002907
xref: SCTID:258665002
is_a: UBERON:0001305  ! ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000036
name: secondary ovarian follicle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "antral follice" EXACT [GO:0001547]
synonym: "antral follicle of ovary" EXACT []
synonym: "antral ovarian follice" EXACT [GO:0001547]
synonym: "folliculus ovaricus secondarius" EXACT []
synonym: "ovary antral follicle" EXACT [MA:0002909]
synonym: "ovary secondary follicle" EXACT [MA:0002908]
synonym: "secondary egg follicle" RELATED []
synonym: "secondary follicle of ovary" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:29862
xref: FMA:18637
xref: MA:0002908
xref: MA:0002909
is_a: UBERON:0001305  ! ovarian follicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000035 ! primary ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000037
name: tertiary ovarian follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Ovarian follicle is the basic unit of female reproductive biology and is composed of roughly spherical aggregations of cells found in the ovary. They contain a single oocyte (aka ovum or egg). These structures are periodically initiated to grow and develop, culminating in ovulation of usually a single competent oocyte. These eggs/ova are only developed once every menstrual cycle (i. e, once a month). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Graafian_follicle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Graafian follicle" EXACT []
synonym: "folliculi ovarici vesiculosi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:18641, FMA:TA]
synonym: "folliculus ovaricus tertiarius" EXACT []
synonym: "folliculus ovaricus tertiarius (vesiculosus)" EXACT [FMA:18641]
synonym: "folliculus ovaricus tertiarius (vesiculous)" EXACT []
synonym: "tertiary egg follicle" RELATED []
synonym: "tertiary follicle of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18641]
synonym: "vesicular follicle of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18641]
synonym: "vesicular ovarian follicle" EXACT [FMA:18641]
xref: EMAPA:30763
xref: FMA:18641
xref: SCTID:362261008
xref: UMLS:C0600225
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Primary_follicle-4.JPG/200px-Primary_follicle-4.JPG
xref: ncithesaurus:Graafian_Follicle
is_a: UBERON:0001305  ! ovarian follicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000036 ! secondary ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000038
name: follicular fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "The fluid surrounding the OVUM and GRANULOSA CELLS in the Graafian follicle ( OVARIAN FOLLICLE). The follicular fluid contains sex steroids, glycoprotein hormones, plasma proteins, mucopolysaccharides, and enzymes." [MESH:D015571, Wikipedia:Follicular_fluid]
comment: Follicular fluid is a liquid which fills the follicular antrum and surrounds the ovum in an ovarian follicle. This fluid is rich in hyaluronic acid.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "antral fluid, ovarian follicle" RELATED []
synonym: "liquor follicularis" EXACT [FMA:18665]
synonym: "liquor folliculi" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Follicular_fluid]
synonym: "ovarian follicular fluid" RELATED [BTO:0004383]
synonym: "ovary follicle fluid" EXACT [MA:0002511]
synonym: "ovary follicular fluid" RELATED [BTO:0004383]
xref: BTO:0004383
xref: FMA:18665
xref: GAID:372
xref: MA:0002511
xref: MESH:A05.360.319.114.630.535.150
xref: UMLS:C1709369
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray3.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray3.png/200px-Gray3.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Follicle_Fluid
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: located_in UBERON:0000039 ! follicular antrum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000039
name: follicular antrum
namespace: uberon
def: "Region of ovarian follicle filled with follicular fluid." [Wikipedia:Follicular_antrum, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicular_antrum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "antral cavity" EXACT [FMA:18675]
synonym: "antrum folliculare" EXACT [FMA:18675]
synonym: "antrum follicularum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Follicular_antrum]
xref: FMA:18675
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000041
name: dermal denticle
namespace: uberon
def: "Multi-tissue structure composed of enameloid, dentine surrounding a pulp cavity, and bone of attachment anchoring the element into the dermis[VSAO]. small outgrowths which cover the skin of many cartilaginous fish including sharks. They are similar in structure to teeth, and teeth may have evolved from denticle-like structures in primitive fish.[citation needed] The placoid scales in sharks are formed of dentine with dermal papillae located in the core. These scales develop from the dermal layer of the skin, which is in contrast to the epidermal development seen the in the elasmoid scales of tetrapods. The shape of denticle varies from species to species and can be used in identification. Studies have found that the denticles create tiny vortices that reduce drag to make swimming more efficient. Denticles also allow sharks to swim silently compared to other fish that generate considerable noise when they ply the water[WP]." [VSAO:0000079, Wikipedia:Dermal_denticle]
comment: TODO check dentin def // Scales and teeth of sharks are examples of dermal skeletal elements that are still composed of the three ancient components-enamel, dentine, and bone.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "odontode scale" EXACT [VSAO:0000079]
synonym: "placoid scale" EXACT []
xref: VSAO:0000079
is_a: UBERON:0004756  ! dermal skeletal element
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001751 ! dentine
property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure composed of enameloid, dentine surrounding a pulp cavity, and bone of attachment anchoring the element into the dermis.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000042
name: serous membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer (mesothelium) and a connective tissue layer." [Wikipedia:Serous_membrane, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/86]
comment: in FMA, SM = mesothelium + connective tissue. It excludes the cavity. Serous sac = SM + cavity. Note that the SM is a subtype of wall in FMA.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "serosa" RELATED [Wikipedia:Serous_membrane]
synonym: "tunica serosa" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9581]
synonym: "wall of serous sac" EXACT [FMA:9581]
xref: FMA:9581
xref: GAID:19
xref: MESH:A10.615.789
xref: SCTID:362878009
xref: TAO:0005425
xref: UMLS:C0036760
xref: ZFA:0005425
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Ens.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Ens.png/200px-Ens.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Serosa
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004457  ! cavity lining
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall
property_value: external_definition "A multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "a smooth membrane consisting of a thin layer of cells which excrete serous fluid. Serous membranes line and enclose several body cavities, known as serous cavities, where they secrete a lubricating fluid which reduces friction from muscle movement. Serosa is not to be confused with adventitia, a connective tissue layer which binds together structures rather than reducing friction between them. Each serous membrane is composed of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer underneath. The epithelial layer, known as mesothelium, consists of a single layer of avascular flat nucleated cells (cuboidal epithelium) which produce the lubricating serous fluid. This fluid has a consistency similar to thin mucus. These cells are bound tightly to the underlying connective tissue. The connective tissue layer provides the blood vessels and nerves for the overlying secretory cells, and also serves as the binding layer which allows the whole serous membrane to adhere to organs and other structures.[WP]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000043
name: tendon
namespace: uberon
def: "Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000073, Wikipedia:Tendon]
comment: AO notes: in FMA, tendon is an organ component that with parts dense-irregular-connective-tissue of tendon and dense-irregular-connective-tissue of tendon sheath; we follow VSAO in making it a subtype of the former. In VSAO tendons connect muscle to bone; in WP the def states integument (e.g. auricular muscles) - but JB confirms this is not actually tendon but aponeurosis
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sinew" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tendon]
synonym: "tendo" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tendon]
xref: AEO:0000091
xref: BTO:0001356
xref: EHDAA2:0003091
xref: EV:0100149
xref: FMA:9721
xref: GAID:276
xref: MA:0000115
xref: MESH:A02.880
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjefJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:256667004
xref: UMLS:C0039508
xref: VHOG:0001286
xref: VSAO:0000073
xref: XAO:0000173
xref: ZFA:0005647
xref: galen:Tendon
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Achilles-tendon.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Achilles-tendon.jpg/200px-Achilles-tendon.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tendon
is_a: UBERON:0007846  ! dense regular connective tissue
relationship: connects UBERON:0001474 ! bone element
relationship: connects UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetically, tendinous tissue first appears in the invertebrate chordate Branchiostoma as myosepta. This two-dimensional array of collagen fibers is highly organized, with fibers running along two primary axes. In hagfish the first linear tendons appear and the myosepta have developed specialized regions with unidirectional fiber orientation - a linear tendon within the flat sheet of myoseptum.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000044
name: dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "ganglion on the dorsal root of each spinal nerve that is one of a series of ganglia lodging cell bodies of sensory neurons[BTO]. Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves[..]. one on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve[TFD]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_root_ganglion]
comment: Development notes: The sensory ganglia of spinal nerves arise only from the neural crest, whereas many sensory ganglia of the bdorsalb cranial nerves arise from epibranchial placodes as well as the neural crest[doi: 10.1093/icb/icn065]. Other ontology notes: FMA treats dorsal root ganglion and spinal ganglion as equivalent labels. MA is the only ontology to introduce two classes here (also EHDAA2)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "DRG" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal root ganglia" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [BTO:0001264]
synonym: "ganglion of dorsal root" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001264, Wikipedia:Dorsal_root_ganglion]
synonym: "ganglion spinale" RELATED [BTO:0001264]
synonym: "ganglion spinalis" EXACT [FMA:5888]
synonym: "spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5888]
xref: AAO:0011032
xref: BTO:0001264
xref: EFO:0000900
xref: EHDAA2:0000418
xref: EHDAA2:0001897
xref: EHDAA:2899
xref: EMAPA:16668
xref: EMAPA:18372
xref: EV:0100373
xref: FMA:5888
xref: MA:0000231
xref: MA:0000232
xref: MAT:0000162
xref: MIAA:0000162
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2596
xref: SCTID:244455004
xref: TAO:0000200
xref: UMLS:C0017070
xref: VHOG:0000222
xref: XAO:0000210
xref: ZFA:0000200
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/DRG_Chicken_e7.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/DRG_Chicken_e7.jpg/200px-DRG_Chicken_e7.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Root_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001800  ! sensory ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0003338  ! ganglion of peripheral nervous system
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003083 ! trunk neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002261 ! dorsal root of spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002261 ! dorsal root of spinal cord
property_value: external_definition "Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a morphotype of the brain in the earliest craniate stock can be constructed. In marked contrast to cephalochordates, the ancestral craniate morphotype had a plethora of unique features, which included a telencephalon with pallial and subpallial parts, paired olfactory bulbs with substantial projections to most or all of the telencephalic pallium, paired lateral eyes and ears, a lateral line system for both electroreception and mechanoreception, spinal cord dorsal root ganglia, and an autonomic nervous system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000045
name: ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "A biological tissue mass, most commonly a mass of nerve cell bodies." [Wikipedia:Ganglion]
comment: TODO - check vert vs invert. Other species: Any of a number of aggregations of neurons, glial cells and their processes, surrounded by a glial cell and connective tissue sheath (plural: ganglia). // Subdivision of neural tree (organ) which primarily consists of cell bodies of neurons located outside the neuraxis (brain and spinal cord); together with a nucleus and its associated nerve, it constitutes a neural tree (organ). Examples: spinal ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion, celiac ganglion, inferior hypogastric (pelvic) ganglion. // a cluster of nerve cells and associated glial cells (nuclear location) // Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system. // Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ganglia" RELATED []
synonym: "neural ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0000497]
xref: AAO:0010426
xref: AEO:0000135
xref: BTO:0000497
xref: EFO:0000899
xref: EHDAA2:0003135
xref: EHDAA:2897
xref: EHDAA:4662
xref: EHDAA:5621
xref: EHDAA:918
xref: EV:0100372
xref: FBbt:00005137
xref: FMA:5884
xref: MA:0002406
xref: MAT:0000207
xref: MAT:0000343
xref: MESH:A08.340
xref: MIAA:0000207
xref: MIAA:0000343
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100302
xref: TAO:0000190
xref: TGMA:0001016
xref: UMLS:C0017067
xref: VHOG:0000156
xref: WBbt:0005189
xref: XAO:0000209
xref: ZFA:0000190
xref: ncithesaurus:Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0003714  ! neural tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003869 ! presumptive ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ganglionic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Cranial sensory placodes are focused areas of the head ectoderm of vertebrates that contribute to the development of the cranial sense organs and their associated ganglia. Placodes have long been considered a key character of vertebrates, and their evolution is proposed to have been essential for the evolution of an active predatory lifestyle by early vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000046
name: stemma
namespace: uberon
def: "eye-spots which may be set into a pit to reduce the angles of light that enters and affects the eyespot, to allow the organism to deduce the angle of incoming light" [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes, Wikipedia:Stemma]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pit eye" EXACT [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes]
is_a: UBERON:0000047  ! simple eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000047
name: simple eye
namespace: uberon
def: "An eye with one concave chamber. Note that 'simple' does not imply a reduced level of complexity or acuity." [Wikipedia:Eye#Simple_eyes]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: TGMA:0000729
is_a: UBERON:0000970  ! eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000048
name: pinhole eye
namespace: uberon
def: "Simple eye that has a small aperture (which may be adjustable) and deep pit. It is only found in the nautiloids." [DOI:10.1146/annurev.ne.15.030192.000245, Wikipedia:Pinhole_eye]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
is_a: UBERON:0000047  ! simple eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000049
name: spherical lensed eye
namespace: uberon
def: "simple eye that consists of a lens of one refractive index" [Wikipepedia:Eye#Spherical_lensed_eye]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0000047  ! simple eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000050
name: simple eye with multiple lenses
namespace: uberon
def: "simple eye that has two or more lenses. Some marine organisms bear more than one lens; for instance the copeopod Pontella has three. The outer has a parabolic surface, countering the effects of spherical aberration while allowing a sharp image to be formed. Copilla's eyes have two lenses, which move in and out like a telescope" [Wikipedia:Eye#Multiple_lenses]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
is_a: UBERON:0000047  ! simple eye
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000051
name: fornix of vagina
namespace: uberon
def: "The deepest portions of the vagina, extending into the recesses created by the vaginal portion of cervix[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_fornix]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fornix" BROAD []
synonym: "fornix vaginae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19985, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vaginal fornices" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "vaginal fornix" EXACT []
xref: FMA:19985
xref: SCTID:245475003
xref: UMLS:C0227794
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vaginal_Fornix
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
disjoint_from: UBERON:0000052  ! fornix of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000052
name: fornix of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "The fornix (Latin, 'vault' or 'arch') is a C-shaped bundle of fibres in the brain, and carries signals from the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies and septal nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_fornix_of_brain_of_brain]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "brain fornix" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebral fornix" EXACT []
synonym: "fornix" BROAD []
synonym: "fornix of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83865]
synonym: "neuraxis fornix" EXACT [FMA:83865]
xref: FMA:83865
xref: MA:0002747
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_705
xref: SCTID:279302004
xref: UMLS:C0458370
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray747.png/200px-Gray747.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Fornix
is_a: UBERON:0002437  ! cerebral white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000053
name: macula lutea
namespace: uberon
def: "Oval yellow spot near the center of the retina of the human eye. It has a diameter of around 5 mm and is often histologically defined as having two or more layers of ganglion cells. Near its center is the fovea, a small pit that contains the largest concentration of cone cells in the eye and is responsible for central vision, and also contains the parafovea and perifovea[WP]. It is devoid of retinal blood vessels, except in its periphery, and receives nourishment from the choriocapillaris of the choroid. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)" [MESH:A09.371.729.522, Wikipedia:Macula_of_retina]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "macula" RELATED []
synonym: "macula flava retinae" RELATED [BTO:0003015]
synonym: "macula retinae" RELATED [BTO:0003015]
synonym: "maculae" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0003015
xref: EV:0100349
xref: FMA:58637
xref: GAID:909
xref: MA:0001306
xref: MESH:A09.371.729.522
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2540
xref: SCTID:362517001
xref: UMLS:C0450295
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png/200px-Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Macula
xref: ncithesaurus:Macula_Lutea
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina
disjoint_from: UBERON:0000054  ! macula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000054
name: macula
namespace: uberon
def: "Thickened areas of the saccule or utricle where the termination of the vestibular nerve occurs[MESH,modified]." [MESH:A09.246.631.909.625.125]
comment: Usage notes: this refers to the inner ear structure, not the macula of the retina. We follow ZFA in including a grouping class for the macula of utricle and sacule
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "acoustic macula" RELATED [MESH:A09.246.631.909.625.125]
synonym: "acoustic maculae" RELATED PLURAL [MESH:A09.246.631.909.625.125]
synonym: "macula" EXACT []
synonym: "maculae" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "sensory macula" EXACT [ZFA:0000386]
synonym: "sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000386]
xref: GAID:777
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.909.625.125
xref: TAO:0000386
xref: ZFA:0000386
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
property_value: external_definition "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "macular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000055
name: vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A tubular structure that contains, conveys body fluid, such as blood or lymph." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: compare with UBERON:0008782
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000056
name: ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "Muscular duct that propels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, or related organs. In humans, organ with organ cavity which connects the renal sinus to the urinary bladder. Examples: the right and the left ureters." [FMA:9704, GO:0090189, Wikipedia:Ureter]
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "metanephric duct" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584, VHOG:0000605]
xref: AAO:0010254
xref: BTO:0001409
xref: EFO:0000930
xref: EHDAA2:0002139
xref: EHDAA:9341
xref: EMAPA:17950
xref: EV:0100097
xref: FMA:9704
xref: GAID:438
xref: MA:0000378
xref: MAT:0000120
xref: MESH:A05.810.776
xref: MIAA:0000120
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvhmm6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302511008
xref: UMLS:C0041951
xref: VHOG:0000605
xref: XAO:0000144
xref: galen:Ureter
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Urinary_system.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Urinary_system.svg/200px-Urinary_system.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ureter
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005179  ! pelvis organ
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001088 ! urine
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005081 ! ureter ureteric bud
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011143 ! upper urinary tract
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of long narrow duct which carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The duct of amniotes that carries urine from a metanephric kidney to the urinary bladder. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ureteral" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ureteric" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The first embryonic hint of a metanephros is the formation of the metanephric duct that appears as a ureteric diverticulum arising at the base of preexisting mesonephric duct. The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes, and the metanephric duct is usually called the ureter.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000057
name: urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "A tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. In males, the urethra travels through the penis, and carries semen as well as urine. In females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening. The external urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination." [Wikipedia:Urethra]
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0001426
xref: EFO:0000931
xref: EMAPA:30901
xref: EV:0100099
xref: FMA:19667
xref: GAID:390
xref: MA:0000379
xref: MAT:0000121
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.492.726
xref: MIAA:0000121
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjkypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302513006
xref: UMLS:C0041967
xref: VHOG:0001264
xref: XAO:0000153
xref: galen:Urethra
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Urethra
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001088 ! urine
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract
property_value: has_relational_adjective "urethral" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000058
name: duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A tube shaped portion of tissue lined with epithelial cells that collects secretions and routes them to their destination[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Duct_(anatomy), ZFA:0005171]
comment: TODO - make distinctions between duct and tube clearer. Single layer of cells vs multiples? Function (e.g. exocrine gland duct?). Different ontologies use it in different ways (e.g. isa epithelial tube in FBbt). Consider adding duct of gland
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anatomical duct" EXACT []
synonym: "exocrine duct" NARROW []
synonym: "exocrine gland duct" NARROW []
xref: AAO:0011123
xref: FBbt:00100314
xref: FMA:30320
xref: SCTID:91726008
xref: TAO:0005171
xref: UMLS:C0687028
xref: XAO:0004000
xref: ZFA:0005171
xref: galen:Duct
xref: ncithesaurus:Duct
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000059
name: large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Large_intestine_(anatomy)]
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "intestinum crassum" RELATED [BTO:0000706]
xref: AAO:0010396
xref: BTO:0000706
xref: EFO:0000840
xref: EMAPA:19252
xref: EV:0100077
xref: FMA:7201
xref: GAID:306
xref: MA:0000333
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.495
xref: MIAA:0000046
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkF5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181254001
xref: UMLS:C0021851
xref: VHOG:0000054
xref: XAO:0000131
xref: galen:LargeIntestine
xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004907 ! lower digestive tract
property_value: homology_notes "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000060
name: anatomical wall
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0009915
def: "Organ component adjacent to an organ cavity and which consists of a maximal aggregate of organ component layers." [FMA:82482]
comment: AO notes: in FMA, serosa is a wall
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "organ wall" RELATED [FMA:82482]
synonym: "wall" EXACT []
synonym: "wall of organ" EXACT [FMA:82482]
xref: EMAPA:25036
xref: FMA:82482
xref: galen:Wall
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity
relationship: has_part UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000061
name: anatomical structure
namespace: uberon
def: "Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome." [CARO:0000003]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "biological structure" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010825
xref: AEO:0000003
xref: BILA:0000003
xref: CARO:0000003
xref: EHDAA2:0003003
xref: FBbt:00007001
xref: FMA:67135
xref: GAID:781
xref: HAO:0000003
xref: MA:0003000
xref: MESH:A13
xref: SCTID:362889002
xref: TAO:0000037
xref: TGMA:0001823
xref: VHOG:0001759
xref: XAO:0003000
xref: ZFA:0000037
is_a: UBERON:0000465  ! material anatomical entity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000062
name: organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions [WP]. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions[GO]." [Wikipedia:Organ_(anatomy)]
comment: note that CARO does not include a generic 'organ' class, only simple and compound organ
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "body organ" RELATED []
synonym: "element" RELATED []
xref: EFO:0000634
xref: FMA:67498
xref: MA:0003001
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5XMb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3iWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:272625005
xref: UMLS:C0178784
xref: ncithesaurus:Organ
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:110815

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000063
name: organ segment
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ region with one or more fixed or anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: artery, trunk of nerve, cervical part of esophagus, pelvic part of vagina, horn of thyroid cartilage, anterior segment of eyeball[FMA]." [FMA:86140]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "organ region with fixed fiat boundary" EXACT [FMA:86140]
synonym: "segment of organ" EXACT [FMA:86140]
xref: FMA:86140
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000064
name: organ part
namespace: uberon
def: "anatomical structure which has as its direct parts two or more types of tissue and is continuous with one or more anatomical structures likewise constituted by two or more portions of tissues distinct from those of their complement. Examples: osteon, cortical bone, neck of femur, bronchopulmonary segment, left lobe of liver, anterior right side of heart, interventricular branch of left coronary artery, right atrium, mitral valve, head of pancreas[FMA]." [FMA:82472]
subset: disjointness_axiom_removed  ! A class which has a weakened disjointness axiom, to avoid inconsistency. These are kept separately in the uberon_disjoint_from_strict ontology.
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "cardinal organ part" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011124
xref: EFO:0000635
xref: FMA:82472
xref: SCTID:113343008
xref: SCTID:91717005
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000062 ! organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000065
name: respiratory tract
namespace: uberon
def: "anatomical structure that is part of the respiratory system. In mammals consists of upper and lower tracts" [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EHDAA2:0001606
xref: EHDAA:1568
xref: EHDAA:2219
xref: EMAPA:16737
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvM--pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361110005
xref: VHOG:0000393
is_a: UBERON:0001005  ! respiratory airway
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008947 ! respiratory primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000066
name: fully formed stage
namespace: uberon
def: "The stage of development at which the animal is fully formed, including immaturity and maturity. Includes both juvenile stage, and adult stage. " [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "adult stage" BROAD []
synonym: "fully formed animal stage" EXACT []
synonym: "juvenile-adult stage" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001043
xref: BilaDO:0000004
xref: EFO:0001272
xref: FBdv:00005369
xref: WBls:0000041
xref: XtroDO:0000084
is_a: UBERON:0000092  ! post-embryonic stage
relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000111 ! organogenesis stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000067
name: embryo stage part
namespace: uberon
def: "A stage that is part of the embryo stage." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "embryonic stage part" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000068
name: embryo stage
namespace: uberon
def: "A life cycle stage that starts with fertilization and ends with the fully formed embryo." []
synonym: "embryogenesis" RELATED []
synonym: "embryonic stage" EXACT []
xref: BilaDO:0000002
xref: EV:0300001
xref: FBdv:00005289
xref: HsapDv:0000002
xref: MmusDv:0000002
xref: OGES:000000
xref: OGES:000022
xref: SCTID:296280003
xref: XAO:1000012
is_a: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle
disjoint_from: UBERON:0000092  ! post-embryonic stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000069
name: larval stage
namespace: uberon
def: "a distinct juvenile stage many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle." [Wikipedia:Larva]
comment: It is a misunderstanding that the larval form always reflects the group's evolutionary history. It could be the case, but often the larval stage has evolved secondarily, as in insects. In these cases the larval form might differ more from the group's common origin than the adult form[WP]. Uberon includes clade-specific subclasses.
synonym: "ammocoete" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "ammocoete stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "bipinnaria" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "bipinnaria stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "caterpillar" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "caterpillar stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "glochidium" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "glochidium stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "grub" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "grub stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "larva" RELATED []
synonym: "larva stage" EXACT []
synonym: "leptocephalus" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "leptocephalus stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "maggot" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "maggot stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "metacestode" NARROW SENSU [BTO:0000859]
synonym: "naiad, nymph" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "naiad, nymph stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "nauplius" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "nauplius stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "nymph" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "nymph stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "planula" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "planula stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "tornaria" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:10219]
synonym: "trochophore" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "trochophore stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "veliger" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "veliger stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "wriggler" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "wriggler stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "zoea" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "zoea stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva]
xref: BTO:0000915
xref: BTO:0000954
xref: EFO:0001303
xref: FBdv:00005336
xref: MIAA:0000400
xref: OGES:000008
xref: ZFS:0000048
is_a: UBERON:0000092  ! post-embryonic stage
relationship: immediately_preceded_by UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32524

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000071
name: death stage
namespace: uberon
def: "End of the life of an organism." [XAO:0000437]
comment: AO notes - ncit:Death is an outcome
synonym: "death" RELATED []
xref: XAO:0000437
xref: XtroDO:0000085
is_a: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage
relationship: finishes UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000072
name: segment of respiratory tract
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ segment that is part of a respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note that MA:0000434 has subclasses upper and lower, so it corresponds to a segment of the tract, rather than the tract as a whole
synonym: "respiratory tract" RELATED [MA:0000434]
xref: MA:0000434
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000073
name: regional part of nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that is part of a nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "part of nervous system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1157]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1157
xref: SCTID:25087005
xref: UMLS:C1518256
xref: ncithesaurus:Nervous_System_Part
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000074
name: renal glomerulus
namespace: uberon
def: "A capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney[GO]." [MP:0005325, Wikipedia:Glomerulus]
comment: ZFA - The multi-tissue structure where the glomerular basement membrane supported by mesonephric podocytes filters blood from the glomerular capillaries. TODO - split glomerulus and glomerular tuft? DONE. GUDMAP: 'Together, the Bowmanbs capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle.' - here the glomerulus is part of the capsule?
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "glomerular capillary tuft" RELATED [ZFA:0001288]
synonym: "glomerular tuft" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "glomerulus" BROAD []
synonym: "glomerulus renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Glomerulus]
synonym: "malphigian glomerulus" RELATED [BTO:0000530]
synonym: "renal corpuscle" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "renal glomeruli" EXACT [TAO:0001288]
xref: BTO:0000530
xref: EFO:0003667
xref: EV:0100386
xref: FMA:15624
xref: MA:0001657
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736.520
xref: SCTID:362217000
xref: TAO:0001288
xref: UMLS:C0022663
xref: ZFA:0001288
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Renal_corpuscle.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray1130.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray1130.svg/200px-Gray1130.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Glomerulus
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005749 ! glomerular tuft
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001047  ! neural glomerulus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000075
name: subdivision of skeletal system
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0010322
def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements and articular elements that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "skeletal system part" RELATED []
synonym: "skeletal system subdivision" EXACT [FMA:85544]
xref: FMA:85544
xref: SCTID:118966000
xref: UMLS:C1519343
xref: galen:ComplexSkeletalStructure
xref: ncithesaurus:Skeletal_System_Part
is_a: UBERON:0011216  ! organ system subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000076
name: external ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "The surface ectoderm (or external ectoderm forms the following structures: Skin Epithelium of the mouth and nasal cavity saliavary glands, and glands of mouth and nasal cavity Enamel - as a side note dentin and dental pulp are formed from ectomesenchyme which is derived from ectoderm Epithelium of pineal and pituitary glands Lens and cornea of the eye Apical ectodermal ridge inducing development of the limb buds of the embryo. Sensory receptors in epidermis [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:External_ectoderm]
comment: Editor note: merge with non-neural. In vertebrates, the ectoderm has three parts: external ectoderm (also known as surface ectoderm), the neurectoderm (neural crest, and neural tube).
synonym: "surface ectoderm" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001968
xref: EHDAA:1494
xref: EHDAA:350
xref: EHDAA:4784
xref: EHDAA:4790
xref: EHDAA:4796
xref: EHDAA:7860
xref: EMAPA:16096
xref: EMAPA:16539
xref: FMA:87656
xref: UMLS:C1515087
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Ectoderm.png/200px-Ectoderm.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Surface_Ectoderm
is_a: UBERON:0000923  ! germ layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000077
name: mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that develops from the endoderm and the mesoderm." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Grouping term for query purposes. Notes that the developmental relationships are being refined such that most structures should develop in whole from at most one layer, but may have contributions from multiple
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000078
name: mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that develops from the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Grouping term for query purposes. Notes that the developmental relationships are being refined such that most structures should develop in whole from at most one layer, but may have contributions from multiple
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000079
name: male reproductive system
namespace: uberon
def: "the organs associated with producing offspring in the gender that produces spermatozoa." [MP:0001145]
synonym: "genitalia of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male genital organ" RELATED [BTO:0000082]
synonym: "male genital system" EXACT [FMA:45664]
synonym: "male genitalia" EXACT []
synonym: "male genitals" EXACT []
synonym: "male organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male reproductive tract" RELATED [MA:0000396]
synonym: "reproductive system of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "systema genitale masculinum" RELATED [BTO:0000082]
xref: BTO:0000082
xref: EFO:0000970
xref: EHDAA2:0001054
xref: EHDAA:8136
xref: EMAPA:17968
xref: EV:0100101
xref: FBbt:00004927
xref: FMA:45664
xref: GAID:386
xref: HAO:0000505
xref: MA:0000396
xref: MESH:A05.360.444
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361340001
xref: TGMA:0000634
xref: UMLS:C0017422
xref: UMLS:C1963704
xref: VHOG:0000725
xref: WBbt:0008423
xref: XAO:0000155
xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Genitalia
xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Reproductive_System
is_a: UBERON:0000990  ! reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000990  ! reproductive system
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism
disjoint_from: UBERON:0000474  ! female reproductive system
property_value: homology_notes "By far, sexual reproduction is the more common pattern among living vertebrate forms and its widespread occurrence suggests that it is the plesiomorphic, or primitive, reproductive mode among the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000080
name: mesonephros
namespace: uberon
def: "In mammals, the mesonephros is the second of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the mesonephros will form the mature kidney[GO]. One of three excretory organs that develop in vertebrates. It serves as the main excretory organ of aquatic vertebrates and as a temporary kidney in higher vertebrates. composed of the mesonephric duct (also called the Wolffian duct), mesonephric tubules, and associated capillary tufts. A single tubule and its associated capillary tuft is called a mesonephric excretory unit; these units are similar in structure and function to nephrons of the adult kidney. The mesonephros is derived from intermediate mesoderm in the vertebrate embryo." [GO:0001823, Wikipedia:Mesonephros]
comment: By contrast to the pronephros, the histological features of the mesonephros, with its primitive glomeruli, suggest that it probably functions as a primitive kidney, and is involved in the production of much of the amniotic fluid. Within the two mesonephroi, one located on either side of the dorsal mesentery of the hindgut, a substantial number (in the region of about 40 or more) of cranio-caudally segmented mesonephric tubules are formed. It has, however, been suggested that only the most rostrally located 4-6 pairs of mesonephric tubules drain into the mesonephric portion of the nephric duct. This is now seen to extend along the length of the mesonephroi, being located towards their lateral sides. The mesonephros is also retained over a considerably longer period than the pronephros, but gradually undergoes regression in a cranio-caudal direction. While the rostral part displays clear evidence of regression its more caudal part appears to display evidence of functional activity. Within the medial part of the mesonephros, vesicles are formed, although no glomeruli are formed there in this species. It is, however, difficult to believe that the relatively enormous mesonephroi do not have an excretory role in the mouse, only serving as a base for gonadal differentiation. In the human embryo, the medial part of the mesonephric tubules enlarges, become invaginated by capillaries, and form glomeruli. These then take on an excretory role. In the mouse, the mesonephric ducts appear to be patent throughout their length[GUDMAP] comment: Taxon notes: The mesonephros persists and form the permanent kidneys in fishes and amphibians, but in reptiles, birds, and mammals, it atrophies and for the most part disappears rapidly as the permanent kidney (metanephros) begins to develop during the sixth or seventh week. By the beginning of the fifth month only the ducts and a few of the tubules of the mesonephros remain[WP]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Wolffian body" EXACT [BTO:0001542, GOC:yaf, MESH:A16.254.500, Wikipedia:Mesonephros]
synonym: "mesonephric kidney" EXACT [XAO:0000141]
synonym: "mesonephroi" EXACT PLURAL [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
synonym: "opisthonephros" RELATED [VHOG:0000038, XAO:0000141]
synonym: "opisto nephros" RELATED []
synonym: "opistonephros" RELATED [http://www.usm.maine.edu/bio/courses/bio205/bio205_26_sex.html]
xref: AAO:0010384
xref: BTO:0001542
xref: EFO:0000928
xref: EHDAA2:0001130
xref: EHDAA:1581
xref: EHDAA:5903
xref: EMAPA:16744
xref: EMAPA:17369
xref: EMAPA:27644
xref: FMA:72171
xref: GAID:1308
xref: MESH:A16.254.500
xref: SCTID:308799002
xref: TAO:0000529
xref: UMLS:C0025492
xref: VHOG:0000038
xref: XAO:0000141
xref: ZFA:0000529
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Gray986.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Gray986.png/200px-Gray986.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesonephros
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002113  ! kidney
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
property_value: external_definition "A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the middle region of the nephric ridge; a transient embryonic stage that replaces the pronephros, but is itself replaced by the adult metanephros [in mammals; in fishes and amphibians it is the adult kidney]. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.745][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Organ that is the definitive adult kidney. It replaces the earlier pronephros, which degenerates as the mesonephros becomes functional in feeding stage tadpoles.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mesonephric" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "As the pronephros regresses, the archinephric duct induces the sequential differentiation of tubules in the more caudal parts of the nephric ridge. (...) Tubules that differentiate in the middle part of the nephric ridge form a kidney called the mesonephros. This kidney functions in the embryos and larvae of all vertebrates. (...) In all vertebrate embryos, the kidney begins with the differentiation of a few renal tubules from the anterior end of the nephric ridge overlying the pericardial cavity. (...) This early-developing embryonic kidney is called the pronephros.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000081
name: metanephros
namespace: uberon
def: "In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine[GO]. During the fifth week of gestation, the mesonephric duct develops an outpouching, the ureteric bud, near its attachment to the cloaca. This bud, also called the metanephrogenic diverticulum, grows posteriorly and towards the head of the embryo. The elongated stalk of the ureteric bud, the metanephric duct, later forms the ureter. As the cranial end of the bud extends into the intermediate mesoderm, it undergoes a series of branchings to form the collecting duct system of the kidney. It also forms the major and minor calyces and the renal pelvis." [GO:0001656, Wikipedia:Metanephros#Metanephros]
comment: TODO check developmental relationships
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "definite kidney" RELATED [BTO:0001543]
synonym: "definitive kidney" RELATED [BTO:0001543]
synonym: "hind kidney" RELATED [BTO:0001543]
synonym: "metanephric kidney" RELATED [VHOG:0000039]
synonym: "metanephron" EXACT [BTO:0001543]
xref: BTO:0001543
xref: EHDAA2:0001137
xref: EHDAA:3089
xref: EHDAA:5911
xref: EMAPA:17207
xref: EMAPA:17373
xref: FMA:72172
xref: SCTID:308797000
xref: UMLS:C0231049
xref: VHOG:0000039
xref: ncithesaurus:Metanephros
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002113  ! kidney
relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005080 ! metanephric ureteric bud
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005753 ! caudal part of nephrogenic cord
property_value: external_definition "A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the posterior region of the nephric ridge and drained by a ureter; replaces the embryonic pronephros and mesonephros [in mammals]. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.745][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "metanephric" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000082
name: adult mammalian kidney
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002113  ! kidney
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000083
name: mesonephric tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros[GO]. Genital ridge that is next to the mesonephros[WP]." [Wikipedia:Mesonephric_tubules]
comment: TODO check
synonym: "renal tubules" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000500]
synonym: "tubuli mesonephrici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mesonephric_tubules]
xref: AAO:0010389
xref: EHDAA2:0001134
xref: EMAPA:27588
xref: EMAPA:27659
xref: VHOG:0000500
xref: XAO:0000148
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005103  ! mesonephric epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
property_value: external_definition "Any of the renal tubules composing the mesonephros. In mammals they function as excretory structures during the early embryonic development but are later incorporated into the reproductive system. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "As the pronephros regresses, the archinephric duct induces the sequential differentiation of tubules in the more caudal parts of the nephric ridge. (...) Tubules that differentiate in the middle part of the nephric ridge form a kidney called the mesonephros. This kidney functions in the embryos and larvae of all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000084
name: ureteric bud
namespace: uberon
def: "a protrusion from the mesonephric duct during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It later develops into the adult kidney, except for the nephrons, which, in contrast, originate from the metanephric blastema[WP]. epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme[MP]" [MP:0010979, PMID:19828308, Wikipedia:Ureteric_bud, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=36855&atid=440764]
synonym: "diverticulum" RELATED [BTO:0001646]
synonym: "diverticulum metanephricum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ureteric_bud]
synonym: "gemma ureterica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ureteric_bud]
synonym: "metanephric bud" RELATED [BTO:0001646]
synonym: "metanephric diverticulum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Metanephros#Metanephros]
synonym: "ureteric ampulla" RELATED []
synonym: "ureteric diverticulum" RELATED [VHOG:0000541]
xref: BTO:0001646
xref: EHDAA2:0002140
xref: EHDAA:3091
xref: EHDAA:5917
xref: EMAPA:17209
xref: EMAPA:17376
xref: SCTID:361528000
xref: UMLS:C1284058
xref: VHOG:0000541
xref: ncithesaurus:Metanephric_Diverticulum
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct
property_value: external_definition "Outgrowth of the mesonephric duct that penetrates the metanephric mesoderm and forms the ureter, renal pelvis, major and minor calyces and collecting ducts. [Embryology, See_Dudek_RW_and_Fix_JD, Third_Edition_(2004)_Philadelphia:_Lippincott_William_and_Wilkins, p.137][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The first embryonic hint of a metanephros is the formation of the metanephric duct that appears as a ureteric diverticulum arising at the base of preexisting mesonephric duct. The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes, and the metanephric duct is usually called the ureter.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000085
name: morula
namespace: uberon
def: "An embryo at an early stage of embryonic development, consisting of cells (called blastomeres) in a solid ball contained within the zona pellucida[WP] The compacted embryo before cavity formation." [Wikipedia:Morula]
comment: EHDAA2 has embryo starting later
synonym: "morula (2-16 cells)" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000005]
xref: BTO:0001508
xref: EHDAA2:0000005
xref: GAID:1295
xref: MESH:A16.254.270.550
xref: SCTID:361474003
xref: UMLS:C0026573
xref: XAO:1000029
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Blastulation.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Blastulation.png/200px-Blastulation.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Morula
is_a: UBERON:0000922  ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004716 ! conceptus
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000086 ! zona pellucida

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000086
name: zona pellucida
namespace: uberon
def: "A glycoprotein membrane surrounding the plasma membrane of an oocyte. It is a vital constitutive part of the latter, external but not extraneous to it. The zona pellucida first appears in multilaminar primary oocytes." [Wikipedia:Zona_pellucida]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "oolemma" RELATED [BTO:0003135]
synonym: "pellucid zone" RELATED [BTO:0003135]
synonym: "striated membrane" RELATED [BTO:0003135]
synonym: "vitelline envelope" RELATED []
synonym: "vitelline membrane" RELATED []
synonym: "zona pellucida - vitelline membrane" BROAD [VHOG:0000720]
synonym: "zona radiata" RELATED [BTO:0003135]
synonym: "zona striata" RELATED [BTO:0003135]
xref: BTO:0003135
xref: EHDAA2:0002220
xref: EHDAA:31
xref: EHDAA:62
xref: EMAPA:16035
xref: EMAPA:16049
xref: FMA:18674
xref: GAID:410
xref: MA:0001715
xref: MESH:A05.360.490.690.950
xref: TAO:0001111
xref: UMLS:C0043519
xref: VHOG:0000720
xref: ZFA:0001111
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray3.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray3.png/200px-Gray3.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Zona_Pellucida
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
property_value: homology_notes "Outside the plasma membrane, three envelopes surround the ovum. The first, the primary egg envelope, lies between the plasma membrane and the surrounding cells of the ovary. The most consistent component of this primary layer is the vitelline membrane, a transparent jacket of fibrous protein. In mammals, the homologous structure is called the zona pellucida.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000089
name: hypoblast (generic)
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Hypoblast, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3560500&group_id=36855&atid=440764]
comment: this term groups together disparate structures with different relationships. TODO - consider relationship to UBERON:0000091
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "endomesoderm" RELATED [VHOG:0001222]
synonym: "hypoblast" EXACT [VHOG:0001222]
synonym: "hypoblastus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypoblast]
synonym: "mesendoderm" RELATED [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]
xref: AAO:0000229
xref: AAO:0010619
xref: BTO:0003953
xref: EFO:0001930
xref: MAT:0000418
xref: MIAA:0000418
xref: TAO:0000117
xref: UMLS:C1512561
xref: VHOG:0001222
xref: XAO:0003044
xref: ZFA:0000117
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Cell_differentiation_gastrula.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Gray21.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hypoblast
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004750 ! blastoderm
property_value: external_definition "A primary germ layer that can give rise to both mesoderm and endoderm.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The inner of the two layers of the blastoderm that forms during gastrulation and give rise to the definitive mesoderm and endoderm. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In mammal and avian, extraembryonic endoderm such as visceral endoderm and hypoblast play essential roles in the embryonic axis formation and germ layer development. These extraembryonic tissues are generally considered to have been created in ancestral amniotes evolved from the Xenopus-type ancestor (reference 1); The endomesoderm secretes as yet unidentified signals that posteriorize the ectoderm, which would otherwise adopt an anterior fate. Our results point to a conserved function at the base of deuterostomes for beta-catenin in germ layer specification and to a causal link in the definition of the posterior part of the embryonic ectoderm by way of activating posteriorizing endomesodermal factors (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000090
name: blastocele
namespace: uberon
def: "fluid-filled central region of a blastocyst. A blastocoele forms during embryogenesis when a zygote (a fertilized ovum) divides into many cells through mitosis." [Wikipedia:Blastocele]
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
synonym: "blastocoel" RELATED [VHOG:0000811]
synonym: "blastocoele" EXACT []
synonym: "blastocoelic cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000175]
synonym: "blastocyst cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "cleavage cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "segmentation cavity" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010433
xref: EHDAA2:0000175
xref: EHDAA:50
xref: EMAPA:16044
xref: SCTID:361455006
xref: VHOG:0000811
xref: XAO:0000294
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Blastocyst.gif/200px-Blastocyst.gif
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic)
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: external_definition "A blastocoel forms during embryogenesis when a zygote (a fertilized ovum) divides into many cells through mitosis. The blastocoel is the cavity of the blastula, a closed space which is invaded by early mesenchyme and later obliterated by the enlarging archenteron.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The cavity inside the blastula. [The_evolution_of_organ_systems_(2007)_Oxford:_Oxford_University_Press, p.150, see_Schmidt-Rhaesa_A][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In the development of many animals, a hollow blastula stage is formed during early embryogenesis. Such a hollow blastula is even regarded as an autapomorphy of Metazoa and is present already in some sponges.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000092
name: post-embryonic stage
namespace: uberon
def: "stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: In birds, the postnatal stage begins when the beak penetrates the shell (i.e., external pipping) (Brown et al. 1997)
synonym: "post-hatching stage" NARROW []
synonym: "postembryonic" RELATED []
synonym: "postembryonic stage" EXACT []
xref: BilaDO:0000003
xref: MmusDv:0000030
xref: OGES:000010
xref: OGES:000014
xref: OGES:000024
xref: WBls:0000022
is_a: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle
relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000093
name: sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "a depression or fissure in the surface of an organ." [Wikipedia:Sulcus_(anatomy)]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000094
name: membrane organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. [FMA]" [FMA:7145]
synonym: "membrane of organ" EXACT []
xref: FMA:7145
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000095
name: cardiac neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "portion of neural crest that develops from the dorsal neural tube. It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to populate the pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 (producing structures in the head) and to the heart, forming connective tissue that separates the great vessels of the heart. [Wikipedia]" [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest]
comment: AO notes - ZFA treats this as a subtype of NC.
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cardiac neural crest complex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest]
synonym: "complexus cristae neuralis cardiacus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest]
xref: TAO:0002173
xref: XAO:0004190
xref: ZFA:0001648
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005428 ! vagal neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000100
name: blastopore
namespace: uberon
def: "Structure around the opening into the archenteron during the embryonic stages of an organism. The distinction between protostomes and deuterostomes is based on the direction in which the mouth (stoma) develops in relation to the blastopore." [Wikipedia:Blastopore]
comment: In protostome development, the first opening in development, the blastopore, becomes the animal's mouth; In deuterostome development, the blastopore becomes the animal's anus
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
subset: metazoa_core  ! core classes typically found across metazoa. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new metazoan AO. Note this subset is not yet fully fleshed out
xref: AAO:0000045
xref: BTO:0001695
xref: XAO:0000208
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004735 ! archenteron
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: external_definition "A slit-like invagination on the dorsal side of the blastula surface of the embryo where the mesoderm and endoderm move inside the embryo at gatrulation.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000101
name: lobe of lung
namespace: uberon
def: "A lung lobe is one of the rounded projections that compose the lung[GO]." [GOC:GO]
synonym: "lung lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "pulminory lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "pulmonary lobe" EXACT [FMA:7311]
xref: FMA:7311
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvo6-vpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245524004
xref: UMLS:C0225752
xref: galen:LobeOfLung
xref: ncithesaurus:Lung_Lobe
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000102
name: lung vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "The lung vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs[GO]." [GOC:GO]
synonym: "lung vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pulmonary vasculature" EXACT [FMA:73750]
synonym: "vascular network of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vasculature of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:73750
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000103
name: life cycle stage boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "Instant starting or ending a life cycle stage. These can be arbitrary/fiat." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "life cycle stage transition event" EXACT []
synonym: "life cycle stage transition instant" EXACT []
xref: span:ProcessBoundary
is_a: UBERON:0000000  ! processual entity
disjoint_from: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000104
name: life cycle
namespace: uberon
def: "An entire span of an organism's life, commencing with the zygote stage and ending in the death of the organism." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "life" EXACT []
synonym: "lifespan" EXACT []
xref: FBdv_root:00000000
xref: HsapDv:0000000
xref: MmusDv:0000000
xref: OGES:000011
xref: ncithesaurus:Life
is_a: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000105
name: life cycle stage
namespace: uberon
def: "A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor notes: we map the ZFS unknown stage here as it is logically equivalent to saying *some* life cycle stage
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "developmental stage" EXACT []
synonym: "stage" NARROW []
xref: BILS:0000105
xref: EFO:0000399
xref: MmusDv:0000001
xref: OlatDv:0000010
xref: WBls:0000002
xref: XAO:1000000
xref: ZFS:0000000
xref: ZFS:0100000
xref: ncithesaurus:Developmental_Stage
is_a: UBERON:0000000  ! processual entity
relationship: has_end UBERON:0000103 ! life cycle stage boundary
relationship: has_start UBERON:0000103 ! life cycle stage boundary

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000106
name: zygote stage
namespace: uberon
def: "A stage at which the organism is a single cell produced by means of sexual reproduction." [Wikipedia:Zygote]
synonym: "1-cell stage" EXACT []
synonym: "fertilized egg stage" EXACT [BTO:0000854]
synonym: "one cell stage" EXACT []
synonym: "one-cell stage" RELATED [VHOG:0000745]
synonym: "zygote" RELATED [VHOG:0000745]
synonym: "zygotum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygote]
xref: BILS:0000106
xref: BilaDO:0000005
xref: EFO:0001322
xref: EHDAA:27
xref: EMAPA:16033
xref: FBdv:00005288
xref: VHOG:0000745
xref: XAO:1000001
xref: ZFS:0000001
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: starts UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle
property_value: homology_notes "As in all metazoans, eumetazoan development begins with a fertilized egg, or zygote.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000107
name: cleavage stage
namespace: uberon
def: "The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg; Stage consisting of division of cells in the early embryo. The zygotes of many species undergo rapid cell cycles with no significant growth, producing a cluster of cells the same size as the original zygote. The different cells derived from cleavage are called blastomeres and form a compact mass called the morula. Cleavage ends with the formation of the blastula." [GO:0040016, Wikipedia:Cleavage_(embryo)]
xref: BILS:0000107
xref: BilaDO:0000006
xref: EFO:0001290
xref: MESH:A16.254.270
xref: MmusDv:0000004
xref: OGES:000015
xref: OGES:000020
xref: XAO:1000004
xref: ZFS:0000046
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: immediately_preceded_by UBERON:0000106 ! zygote stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000108
name: blastula stage
namespace: uberon
def: "An early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence." [Wikipedia:Blastula]
xref: BILS:0000108
xref: BilaDO:0000007
xref: EFO:0001282
xref: HsapDv:0000006
xref: MmusDv:0000007
xref: OGES:000003
xref: OGES:000016
xref: OGES:000021
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rEetFnKP2EdqAAAACs4vPlg
xref: XAO:1000003
xref: ZFS:0000045
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Blastulation.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Blastulation.png/200px-Blastulation.png
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000109
name: gastrula stage
namespace: uberon
def: "A stage defined by complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm." [GO:0007369]
synonym: "blastocystis trilaminaris stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar blastocyst stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar blastoderm stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar disk stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar germ stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: BILS:0000109
xref: BilaDO:0000008
xref: EFO:0001296
xref: FBdv:00005317
xref: HsapDv:0000010
xref: MmusDv:0000013
xref: OGES:000004
xref: OGES:000019
xref: XAO:1000005
xref: ZFS:0000047
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000108 ! blastula stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000110
name: neurula stage
namespace: uberon
def: "Staged defined by the formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system." [GO:0001841]
xref: BILS:0000110
xref: BilaDO:0000009
xref: HsapDv:0000012
xref: MmusDv:0000016
xref: XAO:1000006
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000109 ! gastrula stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000111
name: organogenesis stage
namespace: uberon
def: "A stage at which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism." [Wikipedia:Organogenesis]
synonym: "segmentation stage" RELATED []
xref: BILS:0000111
xref: BilaDO:0000010
xref: HsapDv:0000015
xref: MmusDv:0000018
xref: OGES:000005
xref: OGES:000032
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000110 ! neurula stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000112
name: juvenile stage
namespace: uberon
comment: Consider renaming this to '(sexually) immature stage'; in mammals this would include infant (nourishment from lactation) and juvenile (prepubertal no longer dependent on mother)
synonym: "immature stage" EXACT [VHOG:FB]
xref: BILS:0000112
xref: BTO:0002168
xref: EFO:0001300
xref: EV:0300051
xref: OGES:000009
xref: TS28
xref: XAO:1000010
xref: XtroDO:0000083
xref: ZFS:0000051
is_a: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000066 ! fully formed stage
property_value: external_definition "The stage of being a sexually immature adult animal[XAO:1000010]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000113
name: post-juvenile adult stage
namespace: uberon
def: "The stage of being a sexually mature adult animal." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "adult stage" BROAD []
xref: BILS:0000113
xref: EFO:0001272
xref: EV:0300064
xref: EV:0300070
xref: MIAA:0000403
xref: MmusDv:0000039
xref: MmusDv:0000040
xref: OGES:000026
xref: OGES:000027
xref: XAO:1000009
xref: ZFS:0000044
is_a: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000066 ! fully formed stage
relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000114
name: lung connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lung interstitial tissue" RELATED [MA:0001782]
synonym: "lung portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lung textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001782
xref: SCTID:201609008
is_a: UBERON:0003580  ! lower respiratory tract connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000115
name: lung epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "the epithelial layer of the lung." [MP:0006382]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lung epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pulmonary epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0001653]
xref: BTO:0001653
xref: MA:0001783
is_a: UBERON:0004815  ! lower respiratory tract epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000117
name: respiratory tube
namespace: uberon
def: "A tube in the respiratory tract." [GO:0030323]
comment: Consider merging into respiratory tract
synonym: "segment of tracheobronchial tree" NARROW [FMA:12224]
synonym: "tracheobronchial tree segment" NARROW [FMA:12224]
xref: FMA:12224
is_a: UBERON:0000025  ! tube
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000025  ! tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000118
name: lung bud
namespace: uberon
def: "Structure derived from foregut that becomes a lung[GO]." [GO:0060431, Wikipedia:Respiratory_bud]
comment: Editors note: clarify successors - include bronchi?
synonym: "gemma pulmonalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lung_buds]
synonym: "gemma respiratoria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lung_buds]
synonym: "lung bud" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "primary lung bud" RELATED [GO:0060572]
synonym: "respiratory diverticulum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lung_buds]
xref: BTO:0001643
xref: EHDAA2:0004089
xref: SCTID:361427007
xref: UMLS:C1514420
xref: UMLS:C1514897
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gray948.png/200px-Gray948.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Bronchial_Bud
xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_Diverticulum
is_a: UBERON:0005153  ! epithelial bud
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005597 ! lung primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008947 ! respiratory primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000119
name: cell layer
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of cells connected to each other by cell junctions" [UBERON:cjm]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "cell sheath" RELATED []
synonym: "layer of cells" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000120
name: blood brain barrier
namespace: uberon
def: "Cell layer consisting of lining cells that separates the central nervous system and the bloodstream. The BBB may consist of endothelial cells or glial cells. An endothelial barrier may have arisen independently several times during evolution. In bichir and lungfish the barrier is formed by brain endothelial cells, while in sturgeon it is formed by a complex perivascular glial sheath, but with no detectable tight junctions." [DOI:10.1002/glia.20642, Wikipedia:Blood-brain_barrier]
synonym: "BBB" RELATED []
synonym: "blood-brain barrier" EXACT []
xref: UMLS:C0005854
xref: ncithesaurus:Blood-Brain_Barrier
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000179 ! haemolymphatic fluid
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000121
name: perineurium
namespace: uberon
def: "Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle." [Wikipedia:Perineurium]
comment: consider FBbt:00007090 (perineurium): The outer two layers of glial cells that cover the central nervous system and the nerves. The outer layer is the perineurial sheath (sometimes referred to as the perineurial sheath outer layer); the inner layer is the sub-perineural glial sheath (sometimes referred to as the perineurial sheath inner layer)
xref: BTO:0003153
xref: FMA:52585
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090205
xref: SCTID:362299001
xref: UMLS:C0205890
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray636.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray636.png/200px-Gray636.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Perineurium
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000122
name: neuron projection bundle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005163
def: "A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses." [CARO:0001001, FBC:DOS, FBbt:00005099]
synonym: "funiculus" EXACT []
synonym: "nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [FBbt:00005099]
synonym: "neural fiber bundle" EXACT []
xref: CARO:0001001
xref: FBbt:00005099
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005162  ! multi cell component structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000123
name: endoneurium
namespace: uberon
def: "a layer of delicate connective tissue that encloses the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber within a funiculus." [Wikipedia:Endodeurium]
xref: FMA:52586
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090202
xref: SCTID:15931004
xref: UMLS:C0205888
xref: ncithesaurus:Endoneurium
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001021 ! nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000124
name: epineurium
namespace: uberon
def: "outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a peripheral nerve. It includes the blood vessels supplying the nerve. It consists of adipose tissue and fibrocollagenous tissues." [Wikipedia:Epineurium]
xref: BTO:0003154
xref: FMA:12234
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090203
xref: SCTID:64482002
xref: UMLS:C0205889
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray636.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray636.png/200px-Gray636.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Epineurium
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000125
name: neural nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure consisting of a discrete aggregate of neuronal soma[GO]." [GO:0048857, GO_REF:0000021, Wikipedia:Nucleus_(neuroanatomy)]
comment: do not include NIF_Subcellular:sao1702920020 Nucleus. Proposed CUMBO def from MM: A subcortical part of the nervous system consisting of a relatively compact group of cells that is distinguishable histologically that share a commonality of cytoarchitecture, chemoarchitecturel and connectivity. (comments: I put in \"subcortical\" because I don't think we consider either the cerebellar cortex or cerebral cortex to be nuclei. Some people distinguish between a nucleus and a laminar structure (see Wikipedia definition). However, there are structures identified as nuclei that are laminar, e.g., lateral geniculate nucleus, although they are not laminated in all species. Also, I put in \"relatively compact\" and \"distiguishable by histology\" because we have groups of cells, e.g., cholinergic cell groups, doparminergic cell groups that are related on the 3 criteria but which we don't tend to consider nuclei because they don't occupy an easily defined territory. But all is open to debate.
synonym: "neuraxis nucleus" EXACT [FMA:83686]
synonym: "neuronal nucleus" EXACT [AEO:0000136]
synonym: "nucleus" BROAD []
synonym: "nucleus of neuraxis" RELATED []
xref: AEO:0000136
xref: FMA:83686
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000126
name: cranial nerve nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "collection of neurons (gray matter) in the brain stem that is associated with one or more cranial nerves." [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_nucleus]
synonym: "cranial neural nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54501]
synonym: "nucleus nervi cranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus of cranial nerve" EXACT []
xref: FMA:54501
xref: SCTID:280160003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000127
name: facial nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: FMA has 3 subclasses - left, right and motor nucleus of facial nerve, but no defs. It's not clear how facial nucleus is distinct from facial motor nucleus.
synonym: "facial VII motor nucleus" RELATED [MA:0001014]
synonym: "facial VII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001014]
synonym: "facial nerve nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54572]
xref: BM:Pons-VII
xref: EHDAA2:0004638
xref: EV:0100267
xref: FMA:54572
xref: MA:0001014
xref: SCTID:280166009
xref: UMLS:C0228740
xref: VHOG:0001412
xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Nerve_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010123 ! future facial nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000128
name: olivary body
namespace: uberon
def: "prominent oval structure in the medulla oblongata, present in pairs, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body]
synonym: "oliva" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olivary_body]
synonym: "olive" RELATED []
synonym: "olive body" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002299
xref: SCTID:279293003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Gray679.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gray679.png/200px-Gray679.png
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000130
name: transverse foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "Foramen that pierces the transverse processes of the seven cervical vertebrae. In the upper six vertebrae, the foramen gives passage to the vertebral artery, vertebral vein, and a plexus of sympathetic nerves. The seventh foramen lacks the artery, but contains the vein and sympathetic nerves." [Wikipedia:Transverse_foramen]
synonym: "foramen transversarium" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_foramen]
synonym: "foramen transversarium of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:23998]
synonym: "transverse foramen of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:23997]
xref: FMA:23997
xref: SCTID:280735005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Gray84.png
is_a: UBERON:0010276  ! vertebral column opening
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000144
name: trochlea of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial portion of the articular surface of the humerus is named the trochlea, and presents a deep depression between two well-marked borders; it is convex from before backward, concave from side to side, and occupies the anterior, lower, and posterior parts of the extremity. It is directly inferior to the most prominent anterior humeral fossia, the Coronoid fossia. It articulates with the ulna." [Wikipedia:Trochlea_of_humerus]
synonym: "humeral trochlea" EXACT [FMA:23370]
xref: FMA:23370
xref: SCTID:282817004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Trochleahumeri.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000151
name: pectoral fin
namespace: uberon
def: "The paired pectoral fins are located on each side, usually just behind the operculum, and are homologous to the forelimbs of tetrapods." [Wikipedia:Pectoral_fin#Fins]
comment: check definition of limb such that is excludes fins. Note the GO includes pectoral and pelvic fins as types of limbs. The Actinopterygii (ray finned fish) pectoral and pelvic fins aren't homologous as fore- or hindlimbs to those of tetrapods, whereas those of the Sarcopterygii (lobe finned fish) are in fact homologous.
synonym: "forefin" EXACT [VSAO:0000147]
synonym: "nageoire pectorale@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000147]
synonym: "omoptcC)rygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000147]
synonym: "thoracoptcC)rygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000147]
xref: BTO:0004653
xref: SCTID:416982006
xref: TAO:0001161
xref: VSAO:0000147
xref: ZFA:0001161
is_a: UBERON:0002534  ! paired fin
is_a: UBERON:0004710  ! pectoral appendage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002534  ! paired fin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
property_value: external_definition "Paired fin that is located in the thoracic region of the body.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired fin that is located in the thoracic region of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000152
name: pelvic fin
namespace: uberon
def: "The paired pelvic or ventral fins are located ventrally below the pectoral fins. They are homologous to the hindlimbs of tetrapods. The pelvic fin assists the fish in going up or down through the water, turning sharply, and stopping quickly." [Wikipedia:Pectoral_fin#Fins]
comment: check definition of limb such that is excludes fins. Note the GO includes pectoral and pelvic fins as types of limbs.
synonym: "ischioptcC)rygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000129]
synonym: "nageoire pelvienne@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000129]
xref: BTO:0004651
xref: EFO:0003644
xref: TAO:0001184
xref: VSAO:0000129
xref: ZFA:0001184
is_a: UBERON:0002534  ! paired fin
is_a: UBERON:0004709  ! pelvic appendage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002534  ! paired fin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
property_value: external_definition "Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000153
name: anterior region of body
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000154
name: posterior region of body
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000155
name: theca cell layer
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of the ovarian follicles. They appear as the follicles become tertiary follicles. The theca folliculi are responsible for the production of testosterone from androstenedione in females, and indirectly the production of estrogens by supplying the neighboring granulosa cells with androstenedione that can then be used as a substrate for aromatase." [Wikipedia:Theca_of_follicle]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "layer of theca cells" EXACT []
synonym: "theca cell layer of ovarian follicle" EXACT []
synonym: "theca folliculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Theca_of_follicle]
synonym: "theca of follicle" EXACT []
synonym: "thecal cell layer" EXACT [ZFA:0001113]
xref: BTO:0002853
xref: EFO:0003629
xref: FMA:18656
xref: SCTID:361385000
xref: TAO:0001113
xref: ZFA:0001113
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000156
name: theca externa
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005182
def: "The theca externa is the outer layers of the theca folliculi. It contains abundant collagen and is mainly supportive." [Wikipedia:Theca_externa]
synonym: "external coat of theca folliculi" RELATED [BTO:0002852]
synonym: "ovary theca externa" EXACT [MA:0001713]
synonym: "theca externa (folliculus ovaricus tertiarius)" EXACT [FMA:18657]
synonym: "tunica externa of theca folliculi" EXACT [FMA:18657]
synonym: "tunica externa thecae folliculi" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002852, Wikipedia:Theca_externa]
xref: BTO:0002852
xref: FMA:18657
xref: MA:0001713
xref: SCTID:258767003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Mature_Graffian_follicle.jpg/200px-Mature_Graffian_follicle.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000155 ! theca cell layer
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000157 ! theca interna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000157
name: theca interna
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005183
def: "Theca interna cells express receptors for luteinizing hormone, which when activated will stimulate the production of androstenedione from cholesterol by the enzyme desmolase. Androstenedione ultimately gives the granulosa cells the precursor substrate for estrogen manufacturing." [Wikipedia:Theca_externa#Theca_interna]
synonym: "internal coat of capsule of graafian follicle" RELATED [BTO:0002851]
synonym: "ovary theca interna" EXACT [MA:0001714]
synonym: "theca interna (folliculus ovaricus tertiarius)" EXACT [FMA:18658]
synonym: "tunica interna of theca folliculi" EXACT [FMA:18658]
synonym: "tunica interna thecae folliculi" RELATED [BTO:0002851]
xref: BTO:0002851
xref: FMA:18658
xref: MA:0001714
xref: SCTID:258869006
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000155 ! theca cell layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000158
name: membranous layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "membranous organ component" EXACT [FMA:82500]
xref: FMA:82500
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000159
name: anal canal
namespace: uberon
def: "The terminal part of the large intestine, continuous proximally with the rectum and distally terminates with the anus." [Wikipedia:Anal_canal]
comment: Editor notes: requires alignment with EHDAA2 and complete developmental relationships
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anal canal" EXACT []
synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT []
synonym: "anal pad" RELATED []
synonym: "anatomical anal canal" EXACT []
synonym: "anus" RELATED []
synonym: "canalis analis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001978, Wikipedia:Anal_canal]
synonym: "cloaca" RELATED []
synonym: "cloacal chamber" RELATED []
synonym: "mesenteron" RELATED []
synonym: "pars analis recti" RELATED [BTO:0001978]
xref: BTO:0001978
xref: EMAPA:18256
xref: FMA:15703
xref: MA:0000330
xref: SCTID:245438008
xref: UMLS:C0227411
xref: galen:AnalCanal
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Gray1078.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Gray1078.png/200px-Gray1078.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Canal
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001245 ! anus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 ! embryonic skin basal layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000160
name: intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine." [GOC:GO, Wikipedia:Intestine]
comment: MA also has a class MA:0001524 bowel, not clear how this is different. Usage notes: this class is currently very general, encompassing the C elegans 'intestine', which is a tube of epithelial cells extending from the 'pharynx' to 'rectum'. Taxon notes: [in zebrafish] No stomach, small intestine, or large intestine can be distinguished. However, differences can be found in the morphology of the mucosa columnar epithelial cells and the number of goblet cells, suggesting functional differentiation. The intestine has numerous folds that become progressively shorter in a rostral-to-caudal direction. Proportionally, these folds are significantly larger than the finger-like intestinal villi of mammals and other amniotes (Wallace et al. 2005). Columnar-shaped absorptive enterocytes are the most numerous in the zebrafish intestinal epithelium. Goblet cells are the second most populous epithelial cell type.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bowel" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000246
xref: ANISEED:1235303
xref: BTO:0000648
xref: EFO:0000834
xref: EV:0100071
xref: FMA:7199
xref: GAID:295
xref: MA:0000328
xref: MA:0001524
xref: MESH:A03.492.411
xref: MIAA:0000043
xref: SCTID:256876008
xref: TAO:0001338
xref: UMLS:C0021853
xref: VHOG:0000056
xref: WBbt:0005772
xref: XAO:0000129
xref: ZFA:0001338
xref: galen:Intestine
xref: ncithesaurus:Intestine
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
property_value: external_definition "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "intestinal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000161
name: orifice
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical conduit that connects two adjacent body spaces, surrounded by two or more subdivisions of two or more organs. Examples: right atrioventricular orifice, orifice of artery, hilum of kidney, porta hepatis[FMA,modified]." [FMA:3724]
comment: in FMA, this is an anatomical conduit *space*, rather than anatomical conduit
subset: upper_ontology_conflict  ! Terms in this subset group together terms from different anatomy ontologies that have conflicting upper ontology/CARO assignments. For example, in FMA the naris is immaterial and in ZFA it is an organism subdivision.
synonym: "anatomical orifice" EXACT [FMA:3724]
synonym: "anatomical ostium" EXACT [FMA:3724]
synonym: "hilum" NARROW []
xref: FMA:3724
xref: SCTID:91837002
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000162
name: cloaca
namespace: uberon
def: "Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures" [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Cloaca]
comment: Development notes: hindgut endoderm and proctodeal ectoderm. Taxon notes: Human beings only have an embryonic cloaca, which is split up into separate tracts during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs[WP]. Editor notes: adding df link to embryonic cloaca leads to a cycle in uberon-simple, as cloaca is a suberclass of embryonic cloaca
synonym: "cloacal chamber" RELATED [AAO:0000095]
synonym: "vent" RELATED [XAO:0000244]
xref: AAO:0000095
xref: GAID:1206
xref: MESH:A13.223
xref: SCTID:362857006
xref: UMLS:C0008987
xref: VHOG:0001186
xref: XAO:0000244
xref: ncithesaurus:Cloaca
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004185  ! endodermal gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004122 ! genitourinary system
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9369
property_value: external_definition "A common passage for fecal, urinary, and reproductive discharge in most lower vertebrates as well as the terminal end of the hindgut before division into rectum, bladder, and genital primordia in mammalian embryos. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which is the common receptacle for the alimentary canal, Wolffian ducts, oviducts, and the bladder.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cloacal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A cloaca is apparently a primitive vertebrate feature because it occurs in most primitive gnathostomes and persists in the embryos of almost all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000163
name: embryonic cloaca
namespace: uberon
def: "endoderm-lined chamber that develops as pouch-like dilation of the caudal end of the hindgut and receives the allantois ventrally and two mesonephric ducts laterally; caudally it ends blindly at the cloacal membrane formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm[MP]." [MP:0010115, Wikipedia:Cloaca_(embryology)]
comment: compare UBERON:0000162 cloaca
synonym: "cloaca" RELATED SENSU []
xref: EHDAA2:0000256
xref: EHDAA:4895
xref: EMAPA:27573
xref: EMAPA:27638
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000162  ! cloaca
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004906  ! ectodermal gut
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012361 ! internal anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000164
name: primitive urogenital sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "Ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females[MP]." [Wikipedia:Definitive_urogenital_sinus]
comment: Note that the term \"urogenital sinus\" may refer to the primitive urogenital sinus present as a transient developmental structure in most mammals or it may refer to a condition in which an unseptated cloaca persists in animals longer than normal[MP]
synonym: "UGS" EXACT [MP:0010116]
synonym: "fetal UGS" EXACT [PMID:18977204]
synonym: "sinus urogenitalis" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "urogenital sinus" BROAD [MP:0010116]
xref: EHDAA2:0004060
xref: EHDAA:5029
xref: EHDAA:5919
xref: EMAPA:17211
xref: EMAPA:17379
xref: SCTID:50961009
xref: UMLS:C0231057
xref: VHOG:0000414
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gray1109.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gray1109.png/200px-Gray1109.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Urogenital_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
property_value: external_definition "The ventral part of the cloaca after its separation from the rectum, giving rise to the lower part of the bladder in both sexes, to the prostatic portion of the male urethra, and to the urethra and vestibule in the female. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In mammals the lowly monotremes still have a cloaca. Higher types have done away with this structure and have a separate anal outlet for the rectum. The monotreme cloaca shows the initiation of this subdivision. The cloaca has such includes only the distal part, roughly comparable to the proctodeum. The more proximal part is divided into (1) a large dorsal passage into which the intestine opens, the coprodeum, and (2) a ventral portion, the urodeum with which the bladder connects. (...) the development of the placental mammals recapitulates in many respects the phylogenetic story. In the sexually indifferent stage of placental mammal there is a cloaca. While the indifferent stage still persists, a septum develops, and extends out to the closing membrane. This divides the cloaca into two chambers: a coprodeum continuous with the gut above, and a urodeum or urogenital sinus below.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000165
name: mouth
namespace: uberon
def: "The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening. In vertebrates, this extends to the pharynx and includes teeth, gums, lips, tongue and parts of the palate." [Wikipedia:Mouth, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000034]
comment: AO notes: in FMA, the tongue, palate etc are part of the mouth which is itself a subdivision of the face.
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "adult mouth" EXACT []
synonym: "cavital oralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mouth]
synonym: "cavitas oris" RELATED [BTO:0001090]
synonym: "cavum oris" RELATED [BTO:0001090]
synonym: "mouth cavity" RELATED [BTO:0001090]
synonym: "oral region" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001326]
synonym: "oral vestibule" RELATED [BTO:0001090]
synonym: "regio oralis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0004698, FMA:49184, FMA:TA]
synonym: "rima oris" RELATED [BTO:0001090]
synonym: "stoma" RELATED []
synonym: "stomatodaeum" RELATED [VHOG:0000812]
synonym: "vestibule of mouth" RELATED [BTO:0001090]
synonym: "vestibulum oris" RELATED [BTO:0001090]
xref: AAO:0010355
xref: BTO:0001090
xref: BTO:0004698
xref: EFO:0000825
xref: EHDAA2:0001326
xref: EHDAA:542
xref: EMAPA:16262
xref: FBbt:00003126
xref: FMA:49184
xref: GAID:75
xref: MA:0000341
xref: MA:0002474
xref: MAT:0000038
xref: MESH:A01.456.505.631
xref: MIAA:0000038
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVidh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:21082005
xref: TADS:0000040
xref: TAO:0000547
xref: TAO:0000590
xref: TGMA:0000131
xref: VHOG:0000280
xref: VHOG:0000812
xref: XAO:0003029
xref: ZFA:0000547
xref: ZFA:0000590
xref: galen:Mouth
xref: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/images/lamprey_sucker_rosava_3238889218.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mouth_illustration-Otis_Archives.jpg/180px-Mouth_illustration-Otis_Archives.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: proximal_part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
intersection_of: proximal_part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
property_value: external_definition "Cavity in which food is initially ingested and generally contains teeth, tongue and glands.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "oral" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Molecular and developmental cell lineage data suggest that the acoel mouth opening is homologous to the mouth of protostomes and deuterostomes and that the last common ancestor of the Bilateria (the 'urbilaterian') had only this single digestive opening.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000166
name: oral opening
namespace: uberon
def: "The orifice that connects the mouth to the exterio of the body." [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000034]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mouth" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "oral fissure" EXACT [FMA:59806]
synonym: "oral orifice" EXACT [FMA:59806]
synonym: "oral part of face" RELATED []
synonym: "subdivision of mouth" RELATED []
xref: FMA:59806
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
property_value: homology_notes " (...) mouth development is very similar in protostomes and 'basal' deuterostomes, whereas the chordate mouth seems to develop at a new position. Recent data for echinoderms and hemichordates further suggest that this change in mouth position may result from change in the influence of a conserved ectodermal patterning system on mouth development. It has been suggested that the mouths of vertebrates and urochordates may constitute a 'new' mouth.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000167
name: oral cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cavity at the start of the digestive tract that that is enclosed by the mouth. The boundaries and contents vary depending on the species. In vertebrates, the boundaries are the oral opening, the cheeks, the palate and (if present) the palatoglossal arch - if this is not present then the mouth and pharynx form the oropharyngeal cavity. The buccal cavity contains the teeth, tongue and palate (when present)" [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000034]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bucca" RELATED []
synonym: "buccal cavity" EXACT [FMA:20292, ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "cavity of mouth" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000053
xref: AAO:0000960
xref: EFO:0001975
xref: EHDAA2:0001324
xref: EHDAA:6970
xref: EMAPA:17411
xref: EMAPA:18399
xref: EV:0100057
xref: FMA:20292
xref: HAO:0000669
xref: SCTID:181220002
xref: TAO:0001027
xref: TGMA:0000102
xref: UMLS:C0226896
xref: VHOG:0000188
xref: WBbt:0005255
xref: XAO:0000126
xref: ZFA:0001027
xref: ncithesaurus:Oral_Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cavity bounded anteriorly by the mouth and posteriorly by the derivatives of the branchial arches.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The cavity of the mouth, bounded by the jaw bones and associated structures (muscles and mucosa). [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Echinoderms, hemichordates, and chordates are called deuterostomes because the mouth arises not from the blastopore but from a second invagination at the anterior end of the larva that pushes in to connect with the archenteron.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000168
name: segment of colon
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ segment that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:222905
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000170
name: pair of lungs
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lungs" EXACT []
synonym: "lungs pair" EXACT []
synonym: "pulmones" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68877, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of lungs" EXACT []
xref: FMA:68877
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000171
name: respiration organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ that functions in gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms." [GO:0007585]
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "breathing organ" EXACT []
synonym: "gas exchange organ" RELATED []
synonym: "organ of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory organ" EXACT []
synonym: "respiratory system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17607
xref: SCTID:272626006
xref: SPD:0000428
xref: TGMA:0001247
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000172
name: vomit
namespace: uberon
def: "Vomit is a bodily fluid consisting of the expulsed contents of the stomach of an organism disgorged through the mouth or nose." [ENVO:00000338]
xref: ENVO:00000338
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViQTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: galen:Vomitus
xref: ncithesaurus:Vomitus
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000173
name: amniotic fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion. It allows the fetus to move freely without the walls of the uterus being too tight against its body. Buoyancy is also provided." [ENVO:02000021]
synonym: "acqua amnii" RELATED [BTO:0000068]
synonym: "liquor amnii" RELATED [BTO:0000068]
xref: BTO:0000068
xref: ENVO:02000021
xref: EV:0100123
xref: GAID:1155
xref: MA:0002893
xref: MESH:A12.098
xref: UMLS:C0002638
xref: VHOG:0001267
xref: ncithesaurus:Amniotic_Fluid
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000174
name: excreta
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0000324
alt_id: UBERON:0007550
def: "Excreta are bodily fluids consisting of waste matter, such as sweat or feces, discharged from the body." [ENVO:02000022]
synonym: "excreted substance" EXACT []
synonym: "excretion" RELATED [BTO:0000491]
synonym: "waste substance" EXACT [AEO:0000184]
xref: AEO:0000184
xref: BTO:0000491
xref: EHDAA2:0003184
xref: ENVO:02000022
xref: FMA:9674
xref: galen:Excretion
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000175
name: pleural effusion
namespace: uberon
def: "Pleural effusion is a bodily fluid that is produced in exess and accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. Excessive amounts of such fluid can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs during inhalation." [ENVO:02000033]
comment: cede to MPATH? Note the ncit class is under finding.
xref: ENVO:02000033
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rLaTGCK2TEduAAAAOpmP6tw
xref: ncithesaurus:Pleural_Effusion
is_a: UBERON:0001087  ! pleural fluid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000176
name: oronasal secretion
namespace: uberon
def: "Oronasal secretion is a bodily fluid secreted from the body via the mouth or nose." [ENVO:02000035]
xref: ENVO:02000035
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001826 ! nasal cavity mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000177
name: pus
namespace: uberon
def: "Pus is a bodily fluid consisting of a whitish-yellow or yellow substance produced during inflammatory responses of the body that can be found in regions of pyogenic bacterial infections. Pus is produced from the dead and living cells which travel into the intercellular spaces around the affected cells." [ENVO:02000038, Wikipedia:Pus]
comment: AO notes: biospecimen in NCIT
synonym: "purulent exudate" RELATED []
xref: ENVO:02000038
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjG6ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: galen:Pus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Swollen_eye_with_conjunctivitis.jpg/180px-Swollen_eye_with_conjunctivitis.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Pus
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000178
name: blood
namespace: uberon
def: "Circulating body substance which consists of blood plasma and hemoglobin-carrying red blood cells. Excludes blood analogues (see UBERON:0000179 haemolymphatic fluid)." [FMA:9670, Wikipedia:Blood]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "portion of blood" EXACT []
synonym: "vertebrate blood" EXACT []
synonym: "whole blood" RELATED [BTO:0000089]
xref: AAO:0000046
xref: BTO:0000089
xref: EFO:0000296
xref: EHDAA2:0000176
xref: EHDAA:418
xref: EMAPA:16332
xref: ENVO:02000027
xref: EV:0100047
xref: FMA:9670
xref: GAID:965
xref: MA:0000059
xref: MESH:A12.207.152
xref: MIAA:0000315
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjI8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0000007
xref: UMLS:C0005767
xref: VHOG:0000224
xref: XAO:0000124
xref: ZFA:0000007
xref: galen:Blood
xref: ncithesaurus:Blood
is_a: UBERON:0000179  ! haemolymphatic fluid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A complex mixture of cells suspended in a liquid matrix that delivers nutrients to cells and removes wastes. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Highly specialized circulating tissue consisting of several types of cells suspended in a fluid medium known as plasma.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Recent findings strongly suggest that the molecular pathways involved in the development and function of blood cells are highly conserved among vertebrates and various invertebrates phyla. (...) There is now good reason to believe that, in vertebrates and invertebrates alike, blood cell lineages diverge from a common type of progenitor cell, the hemocytoblast.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000179
name: haemolymphatic fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Circulating fluid that is part of the hemolymphoid system. Blood, lymph, interstitial fluid or its analogs." []
synonym: "blood or blood analog" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000180
name: lateral lumbar region of abdomen
namespace: uberon
def: "a region of the posterior torso (lower back) beneath the ribs and above the ilium." [Wikipedia:Abdomen#9-region_scheme, Wikipedia:Latus_(anatomy)]
synonym: "flank" EXACT [Wikipedia:Latus_(anatomy)]
synonym: "lateral region" EXACT [FMA:14603]
synonym: "lateral region of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:14603]
synonym: "latus" EXACT [FMA:14603]
synonym: "regio lateralis" EXACT [FMA:14603]
xref: FMA:14603
xref: SCTID:243329008
xref: UMLS:C0230171
xref: galen:Flank
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray1220.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Flank
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000199
name: neck of radius
namespace: uberon
def: "the narrow part of the shaft of the radius just below the head." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=58913]
synonym: "radial neck" EXACT [FMA:23479]
xref: FMA:23479
xref: SCTID:181942005
xref: galen:NeckOfRadius
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004413 ! proximal epiphysis of radius

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000200
name: gyrus
namespace: uberon
def: "A ridge, generally surrounded by one or more sulci." [Wikipedia:Gyrus]
synonym: "cerebral gyrus" EXACT [BTO:0002495]
synonym: "gyri" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0002495]
synonym: "gyri of cerebrum" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0002495]
synonym: "gyrus of cerebrum" RELATED [BTO:0002495]
synonym: "gyrus of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83874]
synonym: "neuraxis gyrus" EXACT [FMA:83874]
xref: BTO:0002495
xref: FMA:83874
xref: SCTID:279165009
xref: UMLS:C0458308
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Gyrus
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000201
name: endothelial blood brain barrier
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood brain barrier that is composed of endothelial cells." [UBERON:cjm]
xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_100205
is_a: UBERON:0000120  ! blood brain barrier
is_a: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000202
name: glial blood brain barrier
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood brain barrier composed of glial cells." [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FBbt:00007091
is_a: UBERON:0000120  ! blood brain barrier

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000203
name: pallium
namespace: uberon
def: "Dorsal part (roof region) of the telencephalon[GO]." [GO:0021543, ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Pallium_(neuroanatomy), https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3535324&group_id=76834&atid=994726]
comment: Taxon notes: In humans the cerebrum has three parts: the archipallium, the paleopallium and the neopallium. The developing telencephalon or forebrain is divided into pallium and subpallium. In amphibians, the cerebrum includes archipallium, paleopallium and some of the basal nuclei. Reptiles first developed a neopallium, which continued to develop in the brains of more recent species to become the neocortex of humans and Old World monkeys. In fish, the archipallium is the largest part of the cerebrum. Some researchers suggest the early archipallium gave rise to the human hippocampus[WP]
subset: developmental_classification  ! developmental_classification
synonym: "area dorsalis telencephali" EXACT [ZFA:0000505]
synonym: "dorsal part of telencephalon" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "dorsal telencephalic area" EXACT [ZFA:0000505]
synonym: "dorsal telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000505]
xref: EFO:0003534
xref: SCTID:369224000
xref: TAO:0000505
xref: TAO:0007007
xref: ZFA:0000505
is_a: UBERON:0011300  ! gray matter of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: external_definition "The mantle of gray matter forming the cerebral cortex. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pallium[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000204
name: ventral part of telencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "Dorsal part (base region) of the telencephalon." [GO:0021544, GO_REF:0000021, ISBN10:0471888893, PMID:12626695]
comment: AO notes: BTO term refers specifically to the avian structure
subset: developmental_classification  ! developmental_classification
synonym: "area ventralis telencephali" EXACT [ZFA:0000304]
synonym: "subpallium" EXACT [BTO:0003401, GO:0021544, ZFA:0000304]
synonym: "ventral telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000304]
xref: BTO:0003401
xref: EFO:0003522
xref: TAO:0000304
xref: ZFA:0000304
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000203 ! pallium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000206
name: pharyngeal gill
namespace: uberon
def: "Gills of vertebrates are developed in the walls of the pharynx along a series of gill slits opening to the exterior. In fish, the gills are located on both sides of the pharynx. Gills are made of filaments which help increase surface area for oxygen exchange. In bony fish, the gills are covered by a bony cover called an operculum. When a fish breathes, it opens its mouth at regular times and draws in a mouthful of water. It then draws the sides of its throat together, forcing the water through the gill openings. The water passes over the gills on the outside. Valves inside the mouth keep the water from escaping through the mouth again. The operculum can be very important in adjusting the pressure of water inside of the pharynx to allow proper ventilation of the gills. Lampreys and sharks lack an operculum, they have multiple gill openings. Also, they must use different methods to force water over the gills. In sharks and rays, this ventilation of the gills is achieved either by the use of spiracles or ram ventilation (ventilation by constantly swimming). Although some animals use this method it is much better for animals to use a spiracle because they are less susceptible to injury." [Wikipedia:Gill#Vertebrate_gills]
xref: ANISEED:1235300
is_a: UBERON:0002535  ! gill
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000208
name: obsolete cellular lens
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0000965  ! lens of camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000209
name: tetrapod frontal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans: A bone resembling a cockleshell in two portions the squama frontalis, corresponding with the region of the forehead, and an orbital or horizontal portion, the pars orbitalis, which enters into the formation of the roofs of the orbital and nasal cavities." [Wikipedia:Frontal_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: fused in humans, paired in other animals Development notes: In the mouse the parietal originates from cephalic paraxial mesoderm (Jiang 2000; Morriss-Kay 2001), whereas in the chicken it is traced back to either mesodermal (Noden 1978) or neural crest (Couly 1992, 1993).
synonym: "frontal" NARROW [AAO:0000206]
synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW SENSU [FMA:52734, MA:0001466]
synonym: "os frontal" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Frontal_bone]
synonym: "os frontale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_bone]
xref: AAO:0000206
xref: EMAPA:19016
xref: FMA:52734
xref: GAID:226
xref: MA:0001466
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.375
xref: SCTID:181793006
xref: UMLS:C0016732
xref: VHOG:0001324
xref: VSAO:0000208
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Frontal_bone.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray136.png/200px-Gray136.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0010428  ! flat bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000210
name: tetrapod parietal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans: bone forming side and roof of cranium. Each bone is irregularly quadrilateral in form, and has two surfaces, four borders, and four angles." [Wikipedia:Parietal_bone, ZFA:0000514]
comment: Taxon notes: The frontal bone in teleost fish is the homolog of the parietal bone in tetrapods[various]. In many non-mammalian tetrapods, they are bordered to the rear by a pair of postparietal bones that may be solely in the roof of the skull, or slope downwards to contribute to the back of the skull, depending on the species. In the living tuatara, and many fossil species, a small opening, the parietal foramen, lies between the two parietal bones. This opening is the location of a third eye in the midline of the skull, which is much smaller than the two main eyes[WP]
synonym: "actinopterygian frontal bone" NARROW [TAO:0000514]
synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW [TAO:0000514]
synonym: "os parietale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parietal_bone]
synonym: "parietal" NARROW SENSU [AAO:0000390]
synonym: "parietal bone" NARROW SENSU [FMA:9613]
xref: AAO:0000390
xref: EMAPA:18715
xref: FMA:9613
xref: GAID:229
xref: MA:0001469
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.651
xref: SCTID:181794000
xref: UMLS:C0030558
xref: VHOG:0001324
xref: VHOG:0001326
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray132.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray132.png/200px-Gray132.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Parietal_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0010428  ! flat bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 ! vault of skull
property_value: homology_notes "The homologization of cranial bones of actinopterygians with those of sarcopterygians based on the bone names established in human anatomy is favored in order to permit the building of phylogenetic relationship schemes beyond the taxonomic boundaries of osteichthyans (including tetrapods). (...) In actinopterygians, the terms parietal and postparietal bones have to replace the commonly used terms 'frontal' and 'parietal' bones for the two paired bones on the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000211
name: ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi by connective tissue. Examples: sutural ligament, radiate sternocostal ligament, ligament of liver, ovarian ligament[FMA]." [FMA:21496, Wikipedia:Ligament]
comment: Note this groups both skeletal and non-skeletal ligaments. What is called a \"ligament\" in many AOs is actually a skeletal ligament
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ligament organ" EXACT [FMA:21496]
xref: EFO:0001966
xref: FMA:21496
xref: MA:0000113
xref: MESH:A02.513
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjqpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182358004
xref: TAO:0001682
xref: UMLS:C0023685
xref: VHOG:0001272
xref: XAO:0004031
xref: ZFA:0001675
xref: galen:Ligament
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0007846  ! dense regular connective tissue
relationship: has_part UBERON:0007846 ! dense regular connective tissue
property_value: external_definition "Portion of connective tissue that connects bone or cartilage.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Compared with their Ediacarian predecessor, Cambrian animals in general were characterized by their much stouter bodies. The stoutness of the body is likely due to the formation of ligaments and tendons, which in turn requires the crosslinking of collagen triple helices.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000212
name: toilet claw
namespace: uberon
def: "specialized claw or nail on the foot of certain primates, used for personal grooming." [Wikipedia:Toilet-claw]
is_a: UBERON:0001705  ! nail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000218
name: vertebral arch of axis
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural arch that is part of a cervical vertebra 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebral foramen of cervical vertebra 2" EXACT []
xref: FMA:24053
is_a: UBERON:0008434  ! cervical vertebral arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! cervical vertebra 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0003861  ! neural arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! cervical vertebra 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000219
name: vertebral foramen of atlas
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Atlas_(anatomy)#Vertebral_foramen]
synonym: "vertebral foramen of cervical vertebra 1" EXACT []
xref: FMA:24293
xref: SCTID:281228008
is_a: UBERON:0008429  ! cervical vertebral foramen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0001131  ! vertebral foramen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000220
name: atlanto-occipital joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The Atlanto-occipital joint (articulation between the atlas and the occipital bone) consists of a pair of condyloid joints. The atlanto-occipital joint is a synovial joint. The ligaments connecting the bones are: Two Articular capsules; Posterior atlantoC6ccipital membrane; Anterior atlantoC6ccipital membrane; Lateral atlantoC6ccipital" [Wikipedia:Atlanto-occipital_joint]
synonym: "articulatio atlanto-occipitalis" EXACT [FMA:24939]
synonym: "articulatio atlantooccipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Atlanto-occipital_joint]
synonym: "atlanto occipital joint" EXACT []
synonym: "atlantooccipital joint" EXACT []
synonym: "craniovertebral joint" EXACT [FMA:24939]
synonym: "occipito atlantal joint" EXACT []
synonym: "occipito-atlantal joint" EXACT []
xref: FMA:24939
xref: SCTID:361831006
xref: UMLS:C0004169
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray304.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Atlanto-occipital_Joint
xref: ncithesaurus:Atlanto-occipital_Joint-Atlanto
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1
relationship: connects UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011138 ! post-cranial axial skeletal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000221
name: supraauricular point
namespace: uberon
def: "a craniometric point on the posterior root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone directly above the auricular point." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=70620]
synonym: "supra-auricular part of head" EXACT [FMA:224222]
xref: FMA:224222
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000303
name: adductor longus
namespace: uberon
def: "An adductor muscle that attaches to the hip and femur. In humans, it is a part of the adductor group of the thigh, that as the name suggests adducts the thigh. The adductor longus muscle forms the medial wall of the femoral triangle[WP, generalized]." [Wikipedia:Adductor_longus_muscle]
comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - \"Originates on the iliac portion of the ventral iliac rim and inserts on the lateral surface of the M. adductor magnus.\" [AAO:0010034]
synonym: "Musculus adductor longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Adductor_longus_muscle]
synonym: "adductor longus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "long adductor muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000029]
synonym: "musculus adductor longus" RELATED [BTO:0000029]
xref: AAO:0010034
xref: BTO:0000029
xref: FMA:22441
xref: SCTID:181686003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004252  ! hindlimb stylopod muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011144  ! adductor muscle of hip
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
property_value: external_definition "Originates on the iliac portion of the ventral iliac rim and inserts on the lateral surface of the M. adductor magnus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000304
name: tendon sheath
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of membrane around a tendon. It has 2 layers: synovial sheath + fibrous tendon sheath" [Wikipedia:Tendon_sheath]
comment: TODO: add layer relations. 'tendon sheath' GAT in FMA.
synonym: "synovial tendon sheath" EXACT [FMA:45087]
synonym: "vagina tendinis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tendon_sheath]
xref: BTO:0000051
xref: FMA:45087
xref: FMA:76715
xref: SCTID:361885006
xref: UMLS:C0224856
xref: ncithesaurus:Tendon_Sheath
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000043 ! tendon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000307
name: blastula
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0007011
def: "Organism at the blastula stage - an early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence." [Wikipedia:Blastula]
comment: TODO - check relationship with epiblast. Note in FMA this is not a subclass of embryo, but in uberon embryo is the whole organism from zygote onwards and thus includes the blastula
subset: inconsistent_with_fma  ! classes that have some inconsistency with FMA
synonym: "blastosphere" RELATED [Wikipedia:Blastula]
synonym: "blastula embryo" EXACT [BILA:0000059]
xref: BILA:0000059
xref: BTO:0000128
xref: GAID:1294
xref: MESH:A16.254.270.274
xref: OGEM:000006
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rEetFnKP2EdqAAAACs4vPlg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Blastulation.png/200px-Blastulation.png
is_a: UBERON:0000922  ! embryo
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007010 ! cleaving embryo
relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000108 ! blastula stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000108 ! blastula stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000309
name: body wall
namespace: uberon
def: "the external portion of an animal body comprised of ectoderm and mesoderm layers that encloses the body cavity." [MP:0003385]
synonym: "Koerperwand" RELATED [BTO:0000139]
synonym: "trunk wall" EXACT [FMA:10427]
synonym: "wall of trunk" EXACT [FMA:10427]
xref: BTO:0000139
xref: FMA:10427
xref: SCTID:281483004
xref: galen:BodyWall
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000310
name: breast
namespace: uberon
def: "The breast is the upper ventral region of an animal's torso, particularly that of mammals, including human beings. The breasts of a female primatebs body contain the mammary glands, which secrete milk used to feed infants. Both men and women develop breasts from the same embryological tissues. However, at puberty female sex hormones, mainly estrogens, promote breast development, which does not happen with men. As a result women's breasts become more prominent than men's. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Breast]
synonym: "mamma" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Breast]
synonym: "mammary part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9601]
synonym: "mammary region" EXACT [FMA:9601]
xref: BTO:0000149
xref: EV:0100124
xref: FMA:9601
xref: GAID:33
xref: MESH:A01.236
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjV7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181131000
xref: UMLS:C0006141
xref: galen:Breast
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Closeup_of_female_breast.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Closeup_of_female_breast.jpg/200px-Closeup_of_female_breast.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Breast
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000311
name: extensor muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle that, upon contraction, tends to straighten a joint or limb. The antagonist of a flexor muscle[BTO]. Any of the muscles that increase the angle between members of a limb, as by straightening the elbow or knee or bending the wrist or spine backward. The movement is usually directed backward, with the notable exception of the knee joint. In humans, certain muscles of the hand and foot are named for this function. In the hand these include the extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, and extensor carpi ulnaris, which run from the humerus (bone of the upper arm) along the back of the forearm to the metacarpal bones at the back of the hand[Britannica]" [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/198909/extensor-muscle]
synonym: "extensor" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000151
xref: FMA:75000
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010962 ! extensor pre-muscle mass
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000312
name: inner cambium layer of periosteum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cambial layer" EXACT [FMA:234358]
synonym: "cambial layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234358]
synonym: "cambium" EXACT []
synonym: "cambium layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234358]
synonym: "inner cambial layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234358]
synonym: "internal layer of periosteum" EXACT []
synonym: "internal periosteum" EXACT []
synonym: "osteogenic layer of periosteum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Periosteum]
xref: FMA:234358
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011824 ! fibrous connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002515 ! periosteum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000313
name: tibial cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "Cartilage pertaining to the tibia." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource]
comment: TODO
synonym: "cartilage of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33923]
xref: BTO:0000207
xref: FMA:33923
is_a: UBERON:0004270  ! lower leg connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007391  ! pelvic appendage cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000314
name: cecum mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a cecum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Cecal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14998]
synonym: "caecum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caecum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caecum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caecum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cecum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cecum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cecum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of cecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of cecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of cecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of cecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000213
xref: FMA:14998
is_a: UBERON:0000317  ! colonic mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000316
name: cervical mucus
namespace: uberon
def: "A substance produced by the cervix and endocervical glands[BTO]. Thick acidic mucus that blocks the cervical os after mestruation[WP]. This 'infertile' mucus blocks spermatozoa from entering the uterus." [BTO:0000242, Wikipedia:Cervix#Cervical_mucus, Wikipedia:Mucus#Reproductive_system]
synonym: "cervix mucus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000242
xref: FMA:83689
xref: MESH:A12.200.503.339
is_a: UBERON:0000912  ! mucus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000317
name: colonic mucosa
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003347
alt_id: UBERON:0004981
def: "A mucosa that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colon mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14984]
synonym: "colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colonic mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "colonic mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14984]
synonym: "large bowel mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large bowel mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large bowel mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large bowel organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of colon" EXACT [FMA:14984]
synonym: "mucosa of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of segment of colon" EXACT [FMA:85388]
synonym: "mucous membrane of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000271
xref: EFO:0003038
xref: EMAPA:27375
xref: FMA:14984
xref: FMA:85388
xref: SCTID:362157008
is_a: UBERON:0001207  ! mucosa of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000320
name: duodenal mucosa
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003348
def: "A mucosa that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Doudenal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14942]
synonym: "Duodenal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14942]
synonym: "duodenum mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0000367]
synonym: "mucosa of duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000367
xref: EMAPA:27235
xref: FMA:14942
xref: SCTID:362146003
is_a: UBERON:0001204  ! mucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000322
name: cerebral lobe
namespace: uberon
comment: set/singular
synonym: "Cerebral lobes" EXACT [FMA:77800]
synonym: "Cerebral lobes set" EXACT [FMA:77800]
synonym: "lobi cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77800, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of cerebral lobes" RELATED [FMA:77800]
xref: BTO:0000445
xref: FMA:77800
xref: SCTID:272632001
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000323
name: late embryo
namespace: uberon
comment: TODO - check fetus/embryo. WP: An embryo is a multicellular diploid eukaryote in its earliest stage of development, from the time of first cell division until birth, hatching, or germination. In humans, it is called an embryo until about eight weeks after fertilization (i.e. ten weeks LMP), and from then it is instead called a fetus.
synonym: "embryo late growth stage" RELATED [BTO:0000449]
synonym: "embryo late stage" RELATED [BTO:0000449]
synonym: "fetus" NARROW [BTO:0000449]
xref: BTO:0000449
xref: CALOHA:TS-0360
xref: EFO:0001323
xref: FBbt:00005333
xref: FMA:63919
xref: GAID:552
xref: MESH:A16.378
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZfC2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:83418008
xref: UMLS:C0015965
xref: ncithesaurus:Fetus
is_a: UBERON:0000922  ! embryo
relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0007220 ! late embryonic stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000325
name: gastric gland
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the branched tubules in the inner lining of the stomach that secrete gastric juice and protective mucus." []
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: BTO:0000503
xref: FMA:14919
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0003294  ! gland of foregut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006924 ! stomach glandular epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000326
name: pancreatic juice
namespace: uberon
def: "Pancreatic juice is slightly alkaline and contains numerous enzymes and inactive enzyme precursors including alpha-amylase, chymotrypsinogen, lipase, procarboxypeptidase, proelastase, prophospholipase A2, ribonuclease, and trypsinogen. Its high concentration of bicarbonate ions helps to neutralize the acid from the stomach." [GO:0030157]
synonym: "succus pancreaticus" RELATED [BTO:0000504]
xref: BTO:0000504
xref: FMA:62973
xref: GAID:1166
xref: MESH:A12.200.567
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000328
name: gut wall
namespace: uberon
synonym: "wall of alimentary tract" RELATED []
synonym: "wall of digestive tract" EXACT []
synonym: "wall of gut" EXACT [FMA:45653]
xref: BTO:0000547
xref: FMA:45653
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000331
name: ileal mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a ileum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ileal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14956]
synonym: "ileum mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14956, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ileum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ileum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ileum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of ileum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of ileum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of ileum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of ileum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000619
xref: FMA:14956
xref: SCTID:85458007
is_a: UBERON:0001204  ! mucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000332
name: yellow bone marrow
namespace: uberon
def: "bone marrow in which the fat cells predominate in the meshes of the reticular network." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Yellow+Marrow]
synonym: "fat marrow" RELATED [BTO:0000635]
synonym: "medulla ossium flava" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0000635]
synonym: "yellow marrow" RELATED [BTO:0000635]
xref: BTO:0000635
xref: FMA:74596
xref: SCTID:328639002
xref: SCTID:5023006
is_a: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002371  ! bone marrow

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000333
name: intestinal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of the intestinal mucosa. Examples include the intestinal crypts, duodenal gland[cjm]." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Note that some sources treat 'intestinal gland' as synonymous with
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "Lieberkuehn`s gland" RELATED [BTO:0000640]
synonym: "bowel mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel mucosa of organ gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel mucous membrane gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel organ mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "crypt of Lieberkuehn" RELATED [BTO:0000640]
synonym: "gland of Lieberkuehn" RELATED [BTO:0000640]
synonym: "gland of bowel mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of bowel mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of bowel mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of bowel organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of intestinal mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of intestine mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of intestine mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of intestine mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of intestine organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of mucosa of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of mucosa of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of mucosa of organ of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of mucosa of organ of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of mucous membrane of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of mucous membrane of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of organ mucosa of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of organ mucosa of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "glandula intestinalis" EXACT [FMA:15052]
synonym: "glandulae intestinales" RELATED []
synonym: "intestinal mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine mucosa of organ gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine mucous membrane gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine organ mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bowel gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of intestine gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bowel gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of intestine gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bowel gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of intestine gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bowel gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of intestine gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000640
xref: FMA:15052
xref: SCTID:266297002
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000341
name: throat
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the throat is the anterior part of the neck, in front of the vertebral column. It consists of the pharynx and larynx. An important feature of the throat is the epiglottis, a flap which separates the esophagus from the trachea and prevents inhalation of food or drink. The throat contains various blood vessels, various pharyngeal muscles, the trachea (windpipe) and the esophagus. The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones located in the throat of mammals. It is sometimes considered a synonym for fauces. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Throat]
comment: Taxon notes: The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones located in the throat of mammals.
synonym: "gula" RELATED LATIN []
xref: BTO:0000828
xref: FMA:228738
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQtO_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0230069
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Throat_Diagram.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Throat_Diagram.png/200px-Throat_Diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Throat
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
property_value: has_relational_adjective "gular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000344
name: mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A lining of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which is involved in absorption and secretion. They line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs. It is at several places continuous with skin: at the nostrils, the lips, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. The sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucous membranes and gland is termed mucus. The term mucous membrane refers to where they are found in the body and not every mucous membrane secretes mucus[WP]" [Wikipedia:Mucous_membrane]
comment: AO notes: FMA has mucosa vs region of mucosa; these are subtypes of Mucosa: Mucosa of gallbladder, tongue, .... The following are subtypes of Region of mucosa: Mucosa of zone of stomach, trachea, bronchus, dorsum of tongue.... Depends on whether the covered area is an organ or organ component. Uberon does not regard organ vs organ component as crucial distinction and thus collapses these into a single class deliberately
synonym: "mucosa of organ" EXACT [FMA:85355]
synonym: "mucosa of organ part" EXACT [FMA:85358]
synonym: "mucosal region" EXACT [FMA:85358]
synonym: "mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:85355]
synonym: "organ mucosa" EXACT [FMA:85355]
synonym: "region of mucosa" RELATED [FMA:85358]
synonym: "tunica mucosa" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000886, Wikipedia:Mucous_membrane]
xref: AEO:0000199
xref: BTO:0000886
xref: EHDAA2:0003234
xref: EV:0100382
xref: FMA:85355
xref: FMA:85358
xref: GAID:297
xref: MESH:A10.615.550
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmKNOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361693009
xref: UMLS:C0026724
xref: galen:Mucosa
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Ens.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Ens.png/200px-Ens.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000009
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mucosal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000345
name: myelin
namespace: uberon
def: "a dielectric (electrically insulating) material that forms a layer, the myelin sheath, usually around only the axon of a neuron. Myelin is about 40 % water; the dry mass of myelin is about 70 - 85 % lipids and about 15 - 30 % proteins. Some of the proteins that make up myelin are myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), and proteolipid protein (PLP). The primary lipid of myelin is a glycolipid called galactocerebroside (GalC). The intertwining hydrocarbon chains of sphingomyelin serve to strengthen the myelin sheath." [Wikipedia:Myelin]
comment: editor note: cede to other ontology. Retired in ncit
xref: BTO:0000894
xref: FMA:62977
xref: ncithesaurus:Myelin
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000346
name: myelin membrane
namespace: uberon
comment: BTO has def The multilamellar myelin membrane is a specisalised lipid-rich domain of the glial cell plasma membrane. FMA has primary term name Myelinated plasma membrane of Schwann cell
synonym: "myelinated plasma membrane of Schwann cell" EXACT [FMA:73417]
xref: BTO:0000895
xref: FMA:73417
is_a: UBERON:0000470  ! cell part
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000345 ! myelin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000347
name: myelin sheath
namespace: uberon
def: "the insulating envelope that surrounds nerve fibers or axons." [MP:0003871]
synonym: "medullary sheath" RELATED [BTO:0000900]
xref: BTO:0000900
xref: FMA:62983
xref: GAID:731
xref: GO:0043209
xref: MESH:A08.637.600.500
xref: UMLS:C0026973
xref: ncithesaurus:Myelin_Sheath
is_a: UBERON:0000470  ! cell part
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000345 ! myelin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000348
name: ophthalmic nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "the sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the orbit and its contents, the nasal cavity and the skin of the nose and forehead." [MP:0009798, Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve]
comment: Taxon notes. See: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryPo.html
synonym: "ciliary nerve" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryPo.html]
synonym: "ethmoidal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve]
synonym: "first division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "first division of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus (V1)" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus (Va)" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus [v1]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52621, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus [va]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52621, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ophthalmic division" RELATED [BTO:0000926, Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve]
synonym: "ophthalmic division [V1]" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "ophthalmic division [Va]" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "ophthalmic division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (V1)" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (Va)" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "ophthalmic nerve [V1]" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "ophthalmic nerve [Va]" EXACT [FMA:52621]
synonym: "opthalmic nerve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve]
synonym: "profundus nerve" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryPo.html]
synonym: "ramus opthalmicus profundus (ramus V1)" EXACT [AAO:0010648]
synonym: "trigeminal V nerve ophthalmic division" EXACT [MA:0001104]
xref: AAO:0010648
xref: BTO:0000926
xref: EHDAA2:0002088
xref: EHDAA:3744
xref: EMAPA:17800
xref: FMA:52621
xref: GAID:837
xref: MA:0001104
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760.650
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwEs_K5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:280210000
xref: UMLS:C0029082
xref: VHOG:0001349
xref: ncithesaurus:Ophthalmic_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve
property_value: external_definition "Sensory medial ramus of the trigeminal nerve.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The profundus nerve is a distinct nerve only in fishes. (...) In mammals, the profundus nerve is the same as the most rostral (ophthalmic) branch of the trigeminal nerve.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000349
name: limbic system
namespace: uberon
def: "A set of midline structures surrounding the brainstem of the mammalian brain, originally described anatomically, e.g., hippocampal formation, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate cortex. Although the original designation was anatomical, the limbic system has come to be associated with the system in the brain subserving emotional functions. As such, it is very poorly defined and doesn't correspond closely to the anatomical meaning any longer. [BirnLex]. including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, and limbic cortex, which support a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, long term memory, and olfaction [Wikipedia]." [BIRNLEX:Limbic_system, Wikipedia:Limbic_system]
comment: obsoletion recommended. The current part_of children were chosen as the intersection of what is stated in wikipedia and in the FMA. NIF: We are including Limbic System because it is still used by neuroscientists and others, but as a data annotation term, it is very poor because it is not a clearly defined entity.
xref: BTO:0000928
xref: FMA:242000
xref: GAID:615
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAeba5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361342009
xref: UMLS:C0023715
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Brain_limbicsystem.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Brain_limbicsystem.jpg/200px-Brain_limbicsystem.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Limbic_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000351
name: nuchal ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "a fibrous membrane, which, in the neck, represents the supraspinal ligaments of the upper vertebrC&. As it is required for running, not all animals have a nuchal ligament" [Wikipedia:Nuchal_ligament]
synonym: "ligament of neck" EXACT [FMA:13427]
synonym: "ligamentum nuchae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13427]
synonym: "paddywhack" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paddywhack]
synonym: "paxwax" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000952
xref: EMAPA:19207
xref: FMA:13427
xref: SCTID:166962007
is_a: UBERON:0003568  ! neck connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004267  ! back connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012477 ! dorsal part of neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000353
name: parenchyma
namespace: uberon
def: "functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, being exactly, connective tissues. Early in development the mammalian embryo has three distinct layers: ectoderm (external layer), endoderm (internal layer) and in between those two layers the middle layer or mesoderm. The parenchyma of most organs is of ectodermal (brain, skin) or endodermal origin (lungs, gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas). The parenchyma of a few organs (spleen, kidneys, heart) is of mesodermal origin. The stroma of all organs is of mesodermal origin[WP]." [Wikipedia:Parenchyma]
xref: EHDAA:3015
xref: EHDAA:3905
xref: EHDAA:3999
xref: EHDAA:4005
xref: EHDAA:6899
xref: EHDAA:6903
xref: EHDAA:6994
xref: EHDAA:8086
xref: EHDAA:9182
xref: EHDAA:9190
xref: EHDAA:9196
xref: EHDAA:9202
xref: FMA:45732
xref: UMLS:C0933845
xref: ncithesaurus:Parenchyma
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000355
name: pharyngeal mucosa
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003344
def: "A mucosa that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Mucous membrane of pharynx" EXACT [FMA:55031]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of the pharynx" RELATED [BTO:0001047]
synonym: "organ mucosa of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa pharyngea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55031, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tunica mucosa pharyngis" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001047
xref: EMAPA:26957
xref: EMAPA:26965
xref: FMA:55031
xref: SCTID:362121003
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004785  ! respiratory system mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000360
name: obsolete rectal gland
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0004757  ! rectal gland
consider: UBERON:0004758  ! salt gland
consider: UBERON:0004759  ! salt gland of cranial region
consider: UBERON:0004760  ! gland of anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000361
name: red bone marrow
namespace: uberon
def: "The red vascular substance consisting of connective tissue and blood vessels, containing primitive blood cells, macrophages, megakaryocytes, and fat cells. Red marrow is found in the cavities of many bones. It manufactures and releases leukocytes and erythrocytes into the bloodstream." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/red+marrow]
synonym: "medulla ossium rubra" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0001160]
synonym: "red marrow" RELATED [BTO:0001160]
xref: BTO:0001160
xref: FMA:74595
xref: SCTID:328538003
xref: SCTID:75330005
is_a: UBERON:0002371  ! bone marrow

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000362
name: renal medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the renal pyramids. Blood enters into the kidney via the renal artery, which then splits up to form the arcuate arterioles. The arcuate arterioles each in turn branch into interlobular arterioles, which finally reach the glomeruli. At the glomerulus the blood reaches a highly disfavourable pressure gradient and a large exchange surface area, which forces the serum portion of the blood out of the vessel into the renal tubules. Flow continues through the renal tubules, including the proximal tubule, the Loop of Henle, and finally leaves the kidney by means of the collecting duct, leading to the renal ureter. The renal medulla (latin renes medulla = kidney middle) contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. The renal medulla is hypertonic to the filtrate in the nephron and aids in the reabsorption of water. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_medulla]
synonym: "kidney medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74268, FMA:TA]
synonym: "medullary pyramids" EXACT [FMA:74268]
synonym: "pyramides renales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74268, FMA:TA]
synonym: "renal marrow" RELATED [BTO:0001167]
synonym: "renal medullae" EXACT [FMA:86327]
synonym: "renal medullae set" EXACT [FMA:86327]
synonym: "renal pyramids" EXACT [FMA:74268]
synonym: "renal pyramids set" EXACT [FMA:74268]
synonym: "set of medullary pyramids" RELATED [FMA:74268]
synonym: "set of renal pyramids" RELATED [FMA:74268]
xref: BTO:0001167
xref: EMAPA:19279
xref: FMA:74268
xref: GAID:425
xref: MA:0000373
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.466
xref: SCTID:30737000
xref: UMLS:C0022664
xref: galen:MedullaOfKidney
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Medulla
is_a: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000363
name: reticuloendothelial system
namespace: uberon
def: "A part of the immune system that consists of the phagocytic cells located in reticular connective tissue. The cells are primarily monocytes and macrophages, and they accumulate in lymph nodes and the spleen. The Kupffer cells of the liver and tissue histiocytes are also part of the RES. A lymphoma of the reticuloendothelial system is called reticuloendotheliosis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Reticuloendothelial_system]
synonym: "RES" EXACT [Wikipedia:Reticuloendothelial_system]
synonym: "lymphoreticular" RELATED [BioMart:BioMart]
synonym: "lymphoreticular system" EXACT [Wikipedia:Reticuloendothelial_system]
synonym: "mononuclear phagocyte system" EXACT [FMA:84189]
xref: BTO:0001174
xref: EV:0100048
xref: FMA:84189
xref: GAID:1004
xref: MESH:A15.382.812
xref: SCTID:278874002
xref: UMLS:C0035287
xref: ncithesaurus:Reticuloendothelial_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000364
name: obsolete rootlet
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "Rootlets" EXACT [FMA:76787]
synonym: "Rootlets set" EXACT [FMA:76787]
synonym: "fila radicularia" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76787, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0001192

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000365
name: urothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The urothelium is the epithelial tissue layer that lines much of the urinary tract, including the renal pelvis, the ureters, the bladder, and parts of the urethra." [Wikipedia:Urothelium]
comment: consider merging with transitional epithelium. MA uses the label 'urothelium' exclusively. FMA uses 'transitional epithelium' and has 'urothelium' as a sibling. FMA also lists 'urothelium' as the only example of 'transitional epithelium'
synonym: "transitional epithelium" BROAD INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "uroepithelium" EXACT [FMA:67695]
xref: BTO:0003906
xref: EMAPA:28089
xref: FMA:67695
xref: GAID:935
xref: MESH:A10.272.850
xref: SCTID:57789003
xref: UMLS:C0227598
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Harnblase_Urothel.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Urothelium
is_a: UBERON:0005910  ! transitional epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0005910  ! transitional epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
property_value: has_relational_adjective "urothelial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000366
name: flexor muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle that when contracted acts to bend a joint or limb in the body." [BTO:0001257]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "flexor" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001257
xref: FMA:74559
xref: FMA:74999
xref: TAO:0005271
xref: ZFA:0005271
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010977 ! flexor pre-muscle mass
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
property_value: external_definition "A muscle that decreases the angle of a joint.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000368
name: adductor brevis
namespace: uberon
def: "The adductor brevis is a muscle in the thigh situated immediately behind the pectineus and adductor longus. It is somewhat triangular in form, and arises by a narrow origin from the outer surfaces of the superior and inferior rami of the pubis, between the gracilis and obturator externus. Its fibers, passing backward, lateralward, and downward, are inserted, by an aponeurosis, into the line leading from the lesser trochanter to the linea aspera and into the upper part of the linea aspera, immediately behind the pectineus and upper part of the adductor longus.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Adductor_brevis_muscle]
synonym: "Musculus adductos brevis" EXACT [FMA:22442]
synonym: "adductor brevis muscle" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001288
xref: FMA:22442
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv13lfJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181687007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004252  ! hindlimb stylopod muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011144  ! adductor muscle of hip
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002504 ! lesser trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0005465 ! obturator nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000369
name: corpus striatum
namespace: uberon
def: "The corpus striatum (striated body) is a compound structure consisting of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus, which consists of the putamen and the globus pallidus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Corpus_striatum]
comment: The term has been used in a few different ways: * It is a pair of nuclear masses which form the basal ganglia, along with the subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra. * It may also refer to both the basal ganglia and internal capsule collectively.[2] * According to the 1917 version of Gray's Anatomy, it is the combination of the lentiform nucleus (also known as the lenticular nucleus) and the caudate nucleus * According to BrainInfo it is a part of the basal ganglia comprising the globus pallidus and striatum
synonym: "striate body" RELATED [BTO:0001311]
synonym: "striated body" RELATED [BTO:0001311]
xref: BTO:0001311
xref: CALOHA:TS-0183
xref: EFO:0000381
xref: EMAPA:17549
xref: EV:0100184
xref: FMA:77616
xref: GAID:667
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487
xref: SCTID:279318005
xref: UMLS:C0010097
xref: VHOG:0001175
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray656.png/200px-Gray656.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Corpus_Striatum
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010082 ! future corpus striatum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 ! basal ganglion
property_value: homology_notes "Thus, certain telencephalic characters - such as the presence of a pallium divided into lateral, dorsal, and medial formations and a subpallium divided into striatum and septum - appear to characterize all vertebrates. They are primitive characters and are homologous among all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000370
name: adductor magnus
namespace: uberon
def: "An adductor muscle that attaches to the pelvic bone and the femur. In humans, the adductor magnus is a large triangular muscle, situated on the medial side of the thigh. The portion which arises from the ischiopubic ramus (a small part of the inferior ramus of the pubis, and the inferior ramus of the ischium) is called the 'adductor magnesius portion', and the portion arising from the tuberosity of the ischium is called the 'hamstring portion'. The hamstring portion is not considered part of the hamstring group of muscles, but it is adjacent to it.[WP,generalized]." [Wikipedia:Adductor_magnus_muscle]
comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - \"Origin by two heads that are separated by a ventral tendon of the M. semitendinosus. One head originates from the ventral border of the pubic portion of the pelvic rim. The other head originates from the ischiatic border of the pelvic rim. The ventral head fuses with accessory head from the M. semitendinosus and inserts along the ventro-medial border of the femur. The dorsal belly merges with the ventral and accessory heads and inserts along the medial surface of the femur.\" [AAO:0010040]
synonym: "adductor magnus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus adductor magnus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Adductor_magnus_muscle]
xref: AAO:0010040
xref: BTO:0001312
xref: FMA:22443
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvuSd6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181688002
xref: galen:AdductorMagnus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004252  ! hindlimb stylopod muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011144  ! adductor muscle of hip
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001322 ! sciatic nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0005465 ! obturator nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
property_value: external_definition "Origin by two heads that are separated by a ventral tendon of the M. semitendinosus. One head originates from the ventral border of the pubic portion of the pelvic rim. The other head originates from the ischiatic border of the pelvic rim. The ventral head fuses with accessory head from the M. semitendinosus and inserts along the ventro-medial border of the femur. The dorsal belly merges with the ventral and accessory heads and inserts along the medial surface of the femur.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000372
name: extensor digitorum brevis
namespace: uberon
def: "a muscle on the upper surface of the foot that helps extend digits 2 through 4." [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_brevis_muscle]
synonym: "extensor digitorum brevis muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus extensor digitorum brevis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_brevis_muscle]
xref: BTO:0001337
xref: FMA:51140
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray441.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1241.png/200px-Gray1241.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray441.png/200px-Gray441.png
is_a: UBERON:0000311  ! extensor muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001498  ! muscle of pes
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000373
name: tapetum of corpus callosum
namespace: uberon
def: "On either side of the corpus collosum, the fibers radiate in the white substance and pass to the various parts of the cerebral cortex; those curving forward from the genu into the frontal lobe constitute the forceps anterior, and those curving backward into the occipital lobe, the forceps posterior. Between these two parts is the main body of the fibers which constitute the tapetum and extend laterally on either side into the temporal lobe, and cover in the central part of the lateral ventricle. [Wikipedia via Greys]" [Wikipedia:Tapetum_of_corpus_callosum]
comment: not to be confused with BTO:0001350 or GO:0048655-tapetal layer morphogenesis
synonym: "tapetum" BROAD INCONSISTENT [FMA:77208]
synonym: "tapetum corporis callosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tapetum_of_corpus_callosum]
xref: FMA:77208
xref: SCTID:279312006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Gray733.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gray733.png/200px-Gray733.png
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000375
name: mandibular nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "the motor and sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the auricle, the external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, temporal region, the cheek, the skin overlying the mandible, the anterior portion of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, lower teeth and gingiva and transmits motor information from the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and digastric muscle and the muscles tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini." [MP:0009800, Wikipedia:Mandibular_nerve]
synonym: "inferior maxillary nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "mandibular division [V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "mandibular division [Vc]" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "mandibular division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "mandibular division of trigeminal nerve [Vc; V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "mandibular nerve [V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "mandibular nerve [Vc]" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "n. mandibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mandibular_nerve]
synonym: "nervus mandibularis" RELATED [BTO:0001375]
synonym: "nervus mandibularis [Vc; V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "nervus mandibularis [v3]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52996, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nervus mandibularis [vc]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52996, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ramus mandibularis (ramus V3)" EXACT [AAO:0010688]
synonym: "third division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "third division of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996]
synonym: "trigeminal V nerve mandibular division" EXACT [MA:0001101]
xref: AAO:0010688
xref: AAO:0010703
xref: BTO:0001375
xref: EHDAA2:0002086
xref: FMA:52996
xref: GAID:834
xref: MA:0001101
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760.500
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvcQKSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:280212008
xref: UMLS:C0024695
xref: VHOG:0001345
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray781.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray781.png/200px-Gray781.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Maxillary_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000376
name: hindlimb stylopod
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb. The single bone in the thigh is called the femur. This bone is very thick and strong (due to the high proportion of cortical bone), and forms a ball and socket joint at the hip, and a condylar joint at the knee. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thigh]
comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group.  TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here
synonym: "femur" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thigh]
synonym: "hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb stylopodium" EXACT [VHOG:0000349]
synonym: "hind propodium" EXACT [AAO:0000887]
synonym: "hindlimb propodium" EXACT [AAO:0000887]
synonym: "hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb stylopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24967]
synonym: "stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower limb" EXACT []
synonym: "thigh" EXACT []
synonym: "upper leg" EXACT [MA:0000052]
xref: AAO:0000887
xref: BTO:0001376
xref: EFO:0001943
xref: EHDAA2:0002130
xref: EHDAA:5171
xref: EHDAA:6200
xref: EMAPA:17499
xref: FMA:24967
xref: GAID:50
xref: MA:0000052
xref: MESH:A01.378.610.750
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjN7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302544002
xref: UMLS:C0039866
xref: VHOG:0000349
xref: galen:Thigh
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Gray1238.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Gray1238.png/200px-Gray1238.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thigh
is_a: UBERON:0002472  ! stylopod
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002472  ! stylopod
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
property_value: external_definition "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the humerus.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000377
name: maxillary nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "the sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the palate, upper teeth and gingiva, the skin between the palpebral fissure and the mouth, and from the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses." [MP:0009799, Wikipedia:Maxillary_nerve]
synonym: "maxillary division [V2]" EXACT [FMA:52724]
synonym: "maxillary division [Vb]" EXACT [FMA:52724]
synonym: "maxillary division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52724]
synonym: "maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (Vb; V2)" EXACT [FMA:52724]
synonym: "maxillary nerve [V2]" EXACT [FMA:52724]
synonym: "maxillary nerve [Vb]" EXACT [FMA:52724]
synonym: "n. maxillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_nerve]
synonym: "nervus maxillaris" RELATED [BTO:0001378]
synonym: "nervus maxillaris (Vb; V2)" EXACT [FMA:52724]
synonym: "nervus maxillaris [v2]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52724, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nervus maxillaris [vb]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52724, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ramus maxillaris (ramus V2)" EXACT [AAO:0010670]
synonym: "second division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52724]
synonym: "second division of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52724]
synonym: "trigeminal V nerve maxillary division" EXACT [MA:0001103]
xref: AAO:0010670
xref: BTO:0001378
xref: EHDAA2:0002087
xref: FMA:52724
xref: GAID:836
xref: MA:0001103
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760.550
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWNU9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:280211001
xref: VHOG:0001346
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray779.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray779.png/200px-Gray779.png
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of trunk maxillary-mandibularis (AAO:0010669)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Medial ramus (sensory) of the trigeminal nerve.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000378
name: tongue muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "the muscular portion of the tongue." [MP:0004136, Wikipedia:Muscles_of_tongue]
synonym: "muscle of tongue" EXACT [FMA:46689]
synonym: "musculi linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Muscles_of_tongue]
xref: BTO:0001386
xref: FMA:46689
xref: SCTID:244781004
xref: UMLS:C0448325
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Gray1019.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tongue_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005594 ! head somite
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000379
name: tracheal mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a respiratory airway." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Mucous membrane of trachea" EXACT [FMA:7471]
synonym: "Tracheal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:7471]
synonym: "Tunica mucosa (tracheae)" EXACT [FMA:7471]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa tracheae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7471, FMA:TA]
synonym: "windpipe mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001390
xref: FMA:7471
xref: SCTID:660006
is_a: UBERON:0004785  ! respiratory system mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000380
name: obsolete tuber
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: undefined in FMA. BTO and MIAA refers to plant structure only
xref: BTO:0001400
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4raeDj5Cw8QdiT7e8pb2JzAA

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000381
name: urinary bladder detrusor smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "bundles of smooth muscle fibers forming the muscular wall of the urinary bladder, which are arranged in a longitudinal and a circular layer and, on contraction, serve to expel urine[MP]." [MP:0011774, Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle]
synonym: "detrusor" EXACT [FMA:68018]
synonym: "detrusor muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001453]
synonym: "detrusor muscle of bladder" EXACT [EMAPA:28637]
synonym: "detrusor urinae muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle]
synonym: "muscularis propria" BROAD [Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle, ncithesaurus:Muscularis_Propria]
synonym: "muscularis propria of the urinary bladder" EXACT [Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle]
synonym: "musculus detrusor vesicae urinariae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle]
synonym: "urinary bladder detrusor muscle" EXACT [MA:0001698]
synonym: "urinary bladder detrussor smooth muscle" EXACT [MA:0001698]
xref: BTO:0001453
xref: EMAPA:28637
xref: FMA:68018
xref: MA:0001698
xref: SCTID:279414008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_bladder.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_bladder.jpg/200px-Illu_bladder.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscularis_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0004228  ! urinary bladder smooth muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012378 ! muscle layer of urinary bladder
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000996 {gci_relation="part_of",gci_filler="UBERON:0003100"} ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000383
name: musculature of body
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that consists of all the muscles of the body[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0000033]
comment: AO notes: we place the MA term musculature here, rather than under uberon:musculature, as this seems more appropriate given the structure of MA
synonym: "muscle system" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle system of body" EXACT []
synonym: "muscular system" EXACT [FMA:72954]
synonym: "musculature system" EXACT [BILA:0000088]
synonym: "muskelsystem" RELATED [BTO:0001485]
synonym: "set of all muscles" EXACT [FMA:72954]
synonym: "set of muscles of body" EXACT [FMA:72954]
synonym: "vertebrate muscular system" EXACT [BTO:0001369]
xref: AAO:0000307
xref: BILA:0000088
xref: BTO:0001369
xref: BTO:0001485
xref: EFO:0000801
xref: FBbt:00005069
xref: FMA:72954
xref: MA:0002888
xref: MAT:0000025
xref: MIAA:0000025
xref: VSAO:0000033
xref: XAO:0004042
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6040
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that consists of the muscles of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000385
name: obsolete labial gland
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: the label 'labial gland' refers to two distinct classes. From the BTO def: 1. One of the small tubular mucous and serous glands lying beneath the mucous membrane of the lips.n2. A salivary gland, or modification thereof, opening at the base of the labium in certain insects.
synonym: "Labial glands" EXACT [FMA:71613]
synonym: "Labial glands set" EXACT [FMA:71613]
synonym: "glandulae labiales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71613, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0001548

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000387
name: meniscus
namespace: uberon
def: "crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure present in the knee, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and temporomandibular joints[2] that, in contrast to articular disks, only partly divides a joint cavity.[3] A small meniscus also occurs in the radio-carpal joint." [Wikipedia:Meniscus_(anatomy)]
synonym: "articular disc" EXACT [FMA:76690]
xref: BTO:0001592
xref: EV:0100145
xref: FMA:76690
xref: UMLS:C0224498
xref: galen:Meniscus
xref: ncithesaurus:Meniscus
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000388
name: epiglottis
namespace: uberon
def: "a flap of elastic cartilage tissue covered with a mucous membrane, attached to the entrance of the larynx. It projects obliquely upwards behind the tongue and the hyoid bone, pointing dorsally." [Wikipedia:Epiglottis]
comment: Editor note: refine definition to better distinguish cartilage from the whole structure
xref: BTO:0001628
xref: EHDAA2:0004081
xref: EMAPA:18289
xref: FMA:55130
xref: GAID:111
xref: MESH:A02.165.507.411
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245502004
xref: UMLS:C0014540
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gray958.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Epiglottis
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epiglottal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000389
name: lens cortex
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cortex of lens" EXACT [FMA:58970]
xref: BTO:0001632
xref: FMA:58970
xref: MESH:A09.371.509.225
xref: SCTID:280626006
is_a: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000390
name: lens nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The core of the crystalline lens, surrounded by the cortex." [BTO:0001633]
comment: editor note: needs checked; cf nucleus in GO
synonym: "nucleus of lens" EXACT [FMA:58971]
xref: BTO:0001633
xref: FMA:58971
xref: MESH:A09.371.509.670
xref: SCTID:280628007
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000391
name: leptomeninx
namespace: uberon
def: "pia mater or arachnoid mater." [Wikipedia:Leptomeninges]
comment: AO notes: in FMA/NIF this is a superclass of PM/AM - in BTO it is the mereological sum. We go with superclass here, as we are naming the class in the singular. Editor notes: check relationship to secondary meninx
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "arachnoidea mater et pia mater" RELATED [BTO:0001634]
synonym: "leptomeninges" EXACT PLURAL [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090207]
synonym: "pia-arachnoid" RELATED [BTO:0001634]
xref: BTO:0001634
xref: FMA:231515
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090207
xref: SCTID:362303006
xref: UMLS:C0228126
xref: ncithesaurus:Leptomeninges
is_a: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007646 ! endomeninx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000392
name: longissimus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The longissimus is the muscle lateral to the semispinalis. It is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis that extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longissimus]
synonym: "intermediate column of erector spinae" RELATED []
synonym: "longissimus" EXACT [FMA:77178]
synonym: "musculus longissimus" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0001648, Wikipedia:Longissimus]
xref: BTO:0001648
xref: FMA:77178
xref: SCTID:244858006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Longissimus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Longissimus.png/200px-Longissimus.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0006839 ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002462 ! erector spinae muscle group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000395
name: cochlear ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "group of nerve cells that serve the sense of hearing by sending a representation of sound from the cochlea to the brain. The cell bodies of the spiral ganglion neurons are found in the spiral structure of the cochlea[WP]. the group of nerve cell bodies that conveys auditory sensation from the organ of Corti to the hindbrain and resides on the cochlear part of the vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve)[MP]." [MP:0002855, Wikipedia:Spiral_ganglion]
comment: Editor notes: in BTO this is part of the cochlear modiolus, but this leads to the CG being in both the nervous and skeletal systems
synonym: "Corti's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53445]
synonym: "ganglion cochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0001688]
synonym: "ganglion of Corti" EXACT [FMA:53445]
synonym: "ganglion spirale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spiral_ganglion]
synonym: "ganglion spirale cochleae" RELATED [BTO:0001688]
synonym: "spiral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53445]
synonym: "spiral ganglion of cochlea" RELATED [BTO:0001688]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion cochlear component" EXACT [MA:0001085]
xref: BTO:0001688
xref: EHDAA2:0002198
xref: FMA:53445
xref: GAID:722
xref: MA:0001085
xref: MESH:A08.340.390.800
xref: SCTID:368955007
xref: VHOG:0001183
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray903.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gray903.png/200px-Gray903.png
is_a: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: located_in UBERON:0006723 ! cochlear modiolus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002827 ! auditory ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000396
name: vallate papilla
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002927
def: "Any one of the largest papilla of the tongue, 8 to 12 in number, arranged in the form of a V anterior to the sulcus terminalis of the tongue" [BTO:0001705, Wikipedia:Vallate_papilla]
synonym: "circumvallate papilla" EXACT [MA:0001594]
synonym: "circumvallate papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54822]
synonym: "papilla vallatae" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71449, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vallate papilla of tongue" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001705
xref: EMAPA:18271
xref: EMAPA:18654
xref: EMAPA:18871
xref: FMA:54822
xref: MA:0001594
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4106_2
xref: SCTID:69517000
xref: UMLS:C1182961
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray1015.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Gray1015.png/200px-Gray1015.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Circumvallate_Papilla
is_a: UBERON:0001726  ! papilla of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000397
name: colonic epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Colon epithelium" EXACT [FMA:17302]
synonym: "colon epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colon epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large bowel epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large bowel epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior intestine epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005128]
xref: BTO:0001709
xref: FMA:17302
xref: SCTID:42978003
xref: TAO:0005128
xref: ZFA:0005128
is_a: UBERON:0001278  ! epithelium of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
property_value: external_definition "Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the posterior intestine.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000398
name: cartilage tissue of sternum
namespace: uberon
def: "Any portion of cartilage tissue that is part of the sternum" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Examples: cartilage of manubrium, cartilage of xiphoid process
synonym: "cartilage of sternum" EXACT [FMA:32567]
xref: FMA:32567
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003837  ! thoracic segment connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000399
name: jejunal mucosa
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003349
def: "A mucosa that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "jejunal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14949]
synonym: "jejunum mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14949]
synonym: "jejunum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "jejunum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "jejunum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of jejunum" EXACT [FMA:14949]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of jejunum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of jejunum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of jejunum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001742
xref: EMAPA:27109
xref: EMAPA:27347
xref: FMA:14949
xref: SCTID:362151009
is_a: UBERON:0001204  ! mucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000400
name: jejunal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a jejunum." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of jejunum" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001743
xref: FMA:17232
xref: SCTID:57300004
is_a: UBERON:0013636  ! epithelium of intestinal villus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008343 ! intestinal villus of jejunum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000401
name: mandibular ramus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ramus of the mandible (perpendicular portion) is quadrilateral in shape, and has two surfaces, four borders, and two processes[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible]
synonym: "lower ramus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible]
synonym: "mandible ramus" EXACT [MA:0002815]
synonym: "rami mandibulae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible]
synonym: "ramus mandibulae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible]
synonym: "ramus of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52828]
xref: BTO:0001751
xref: EMAPA:25100
xref: FMA:52828
xref: MA:0002815
xref: SCTID:361739000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray176.png
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000402
name: nasal vestibule
namespace: uberon
def: "The nasal vestibule is the most anterior part of the nasal cavity. It's enclosed by the cartilages of nose and lined by the same epithelium of the skin. The other part of the nasal cavity, which is lined by the respiratory epithelium, is called nasal cavity proper. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_vestibule]
synonym: "vestibular part of nasal cavity" EXACT [FMA:59644]
synonym: "vestibulum nasale" RELATED [BTO:0001761]
synonym: "vestibulum nasi" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001761, Wikipedia:Nasal_vestibule]
xref: BTO:0001761
xref: FMA:59644
xref: SCTID:278940000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Gray994.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gray994.png/200px-Gray994.png
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000403
name: scalp
namespace: uberon
def: "The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN;  subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendonous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL)." [MESH:A01.456.810, Wikipedia:Scalp]
synonym: "scalpus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Scalp]
xref: BTO:0001809
xref: FMA:46494
xref: GAID:80
xref: MESH:A01.456.810
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNtaz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181480002
xref: UMLS:C0036270
xref: galen:Scalp
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Layers_of_the_scalp_and_meninges.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Double_cowlick.jpg/200px-Double_cowlick.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Scalp
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000407
name: sympathetic trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a a paired bundle of nerve fibers that run from the base of the skull to the coccyx." [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk]
synonym: "gangliated cord" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk]
synonym: "sympathetic chain" EXACT [FMA:6258]
synonym: "sympathetic ganglionic chain" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk]
synonym: "truncus sympathicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk]
xref: AAO:0010791
xref: BTO:0001834
xref: EV:0100374
xref: FMA:6258
xref: SCTID:181099004
xref: XAO:0000211
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray847.png
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000408
name: vertebral ganglion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Intermediate ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6572]
xref: BTO:0001835
xref: FMA:6572
xref: SCTID:176596009
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000409
name: serous gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Serous glands contain serous acini, a grouping of serous cells that secrete a fluid, isotonic with blood plasma, that contains enzymes such as alpha amylase. Serous glands are most common in the parotid gland and lacrimal gland but are also present in the submandibular gland and, to a far lesser extent, the sublingual gland." [Wikipedia:Serous_gland]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: BTO:0001837
xref: FMA:62889
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray1021.png
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
relationship: has_part UBERON:0013232 ! serous acinus
property_value: external_definition "glands that secrete watery albuminous material that often contains enzymes[MP:0008052]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000410
name: bronchial mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Mucous membrane of bronchus" EXACT [FMA:62652]
synonym: "bronchi mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa bronchi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62652, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0001846
xref: FMA:62652
xref: SCTID:30802009
is_a: UBERON:0000379  ! tracheal mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000412
name: dermal papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "small, nipple-like extensions (or interdigitations) of the dermis into the epidermis. They can be observed at the surface of the skin in hands and feet as epidermal or papillary ridges (colloquially known as fingerprints). The dermal papillae nourishes all hair follicles and bring food and oxygen to the lower layers of epidermal cells. The pattern of ridges they produce in hands and feet are inherited features that are developed before birth. They remain unaltered (except size) throughout life, and are therefore used for fingerprints. The dermal papillae are part of the uppermost layer of the dermis, the papillary dermis, and the ridges they form greatly increase the surface area between the dermis and epidermis. Because the dermis' main function is to support the epidermis, this greatly increases the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between these two layers. Additionally, the increase in surface area prevent the dermal and epidermal layers from separating from each others by strengthening the junction between them. With age, the papillae tend to flatten and sometimes increase in numbers. Dermal papillae also play a pivotal role in hair formation, growth and, cycling" [Wikipedia:Dermal_papillae]
comment: Consider adding grouping class for TAO:0001995
synonym: "DPC" RELATED [BTO:0001858]
synonym: "dermal papilla cell" RELATED [BTO:0001858]
synonym: "dermal papillae" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "follicular papilla" EXACT [FMA:70737]
synonym: "hair follicle dermal papilla" RELATED [MP:0010687]
synonym: "papilla corii" RELATED [BTO:0001858]
synonym: "papilla dermatis" RELATED [BTO:0001858]
synonym: "papilla dermis" RELATED [BTO:0001858]
synonym: "papilla of corium" RELATED [BTO:0001858]
synonym: "papillae dermis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dermal_papillae]
synonym: "skin papilla" RELATED [BTO:0001858]
xref: BTO:0001858
xref: FMA:70737
xref: SCTID:320101005
xref: UMLS:C0221931
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Skin.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Skin.jpg/200px-Skin.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Dermal_Papilla
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001992 ! papillary layer of dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000414
name: mucous gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that secretes mucus[cjm]. In humans, these are found in several different parts of the body, typically stain lighter than serous glands during standard histological preparation. Most are multicellular, but goblet cell are single-celled glands. [WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Mucous_gland]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "glandula mucosa" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001979, Wikipedia:Mucous_gland]
synonym: "muciparous gland" RELATED [BTO:0001979]
synonym: "mucus gland" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010601
xref: BTO:0001979
xref: FMA:62888
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray1021.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray1021.png/200px-Gray1021.png
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
relationship: secretes UBERON:0000912 ! mucus
property_value: taxon_notes "In frogs and salamanders, this is the smaller of the two types of gland, the other being the granular (poison) gland. In these species the mucous gland is a cluster of cells that release secretion into a common duct[Kardong]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000415
name: artery wall
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Arterial wall" EXACT [FMA:14155]
synonym: "wall of artery" EXACT [FMA:14155]
xref: BTO:0002009
xref: FMA:14155
xref: galen:ArterialWall
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000418
name: obsolete tubercle
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000420
name: myoepithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium consisting of myopethelial cells, which are contractile cells resembling smooth muscle cells that are present in glands, notably the mammary gland, and aid in secretion. This cell has long weaving dendritic processes containing myofilament[CL]." [CL:0000185, Wikipedia:Myoepithelial_cell]
synonym: "myo-epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67805]
synonym: "myoepitheliocytus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Myoepithelial_cell]
xref: BTO:0002308
xref: FMA:67805
is_a: UBERON:0000488  ! atypical epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000424
name: gastric pit
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0000425
def: "Gastric pits are indentations in the stomach which denote entrances to the gastric glands. They are deeper in the pylorus than they are in the other parts of the stomach. The human stomach has several million of these pits." [Wikipedia:Gastric_pits]
synonym: "foveola gastrica" RELATED [BTO:0002364]
synonym: "foveolae gastricae" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:76583, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Gastric_pits]
synonym: "gastric foveola" EXACT [FMA:62947]
xref: BTO:0002364
xref: FMA:62947
xref: SCTID:268426007
xref: UMLS:C0227203
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Illu_stomach_layers.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Pit
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000426
name: extravillous trophoblast
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intermediate trophoblast" EXACT [FMA:86561]
synonym: "interstitial trophoblast" RELATED [BTO:0002366]
xref: BTO:0002366
xref: FMA:86561
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000427
name: obsolete cytotrophoblastic cell
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000429
name: enteric plexus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0012372
def: "A plexus of autonomic nerve fibers within the wall of the digestive tube, and made up of the submucosal, myenteric, and subserosal plexuses; it contains visceral afferent fibers, sympathetic postganglionic fibers, parasympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic fibers, and parasympathetic postganglionic cell bodies." [BTO:0002437]
synonym: "enteric nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:77597]
synonym: "intrinsic nerve plexus" EXACT [MA:0001147]
synonym: "plexus entericus" EXACT [BTO:0002437]
synonym: "plexus nervosus entericus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77597, FMA:TA]
synonym: "sympathetic enteric nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:77597]
xref: BTO:0002437
xref: FMA:77597
xref: MA:0001147
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001810  ! nerve plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000430
name: ventral intermediate nucleus of thalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus medially located within the ventral nuclei of the thalamus." [BTO:0002469]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "intermediate thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000370]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002469]
xref: BTO:0002469
xref: EV:0100208
xref: FMA:84347
xref: TAO:0000370
xref: ZFA:0000370
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000431
name: ventral medial complex of thalamus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nuclei ventrales mediales thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002470]
synonym: "set of ventral medial nuclei of thalamus" RELATED [FMA:77795]
synonym: "ventral medial complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:77795]
synonym: "ventral medial nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:77795]
xref: BTO:0002470
xref: FMA:77795
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000432
name: endopeduncular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of the nucleus of ansa lenticularis located medial to the posterior limb of the internal capsule, along the course of the ansa lenticularis and the inferior thalamic peduncle or as a separate nucleus within the internal capsule adjacent to the medial GLOBUS PALLIDUS (NeuroNames, http://rprcsgi.rprc. washington.edu/neuronames/ (September 28, 1998)). In non-primates, the entopeduncular nucleus is analogous to both the medial globus pallidus and the entopeduncular nucleus of human." [MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.800.240]
comment: The term entopeduncular nucleus in human neuroanatomy refers to a portion of the nucleus of the ansa lenticularis described variously as located medial to the posterior limb of the internal capsule ( Riley-1943 ), along the course of the ansa lenticularis and the inferior thalamic peduncle ( Crosby-1962 ), or as a separate nucleus within the internal capsule adjacent to the medial segment of the globus pallidus ( Nomina-1983 ).[NN]
synonym: "entopeduncular nucleus" RELATED []
synonym: "nucleus endopeduncularis" RELATED [BTO:0002475]
synonym: "nucleus entopeduncularis" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0002475
xref: FMA:77691
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.800.240
xref: SCTID:82705008
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009641 ! ansa lenticularis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000433
name: posterior paraventricular nucleus of thalamus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal paraventricular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:76961]
synonym: "nucleus paraventricularis posterior thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002477]
xref: BTO:0002477
xref: FMA:76961
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000434
name: anterior paraventricular nucleus of thalamus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus paraventricularis anterior thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002478]
synonym: "ventral paraventricular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:76962]
xref: BTO:0002478
xref: FMA:76962
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000435
name: lateral tuberal nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "Nerve cell nuclei situated ventrally in the intermediate hypothalamic region, mainly in the lateral hypothalamic area." [BTO:0002481]
synonym: "Lateral tuberal hypothalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62336]
synonym: "Lateral tuberal nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62336]
synonym: "lateral tuberal nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1206]
synonym: "nuclei tuberales laterales" RELATED [BTO:0002481]
xref: ABA:TU
xref: BM:TU
xref: BTO:0002481
xref: EV:0100240
xref: FMA:62336
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1206
is_a: UBERON:0002785  ! regional part of lateral hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000438
name: obsolete set of arachnoid trabecula
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "Arachnoid trabeculae set" EXACT [FMA:77761]
synonym: "trabeculae arachnoideae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77761, FMA:TA]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000440
name: trabecula
namespace: uberon
def: "A small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, generally having a mechanical function, and usually but not necessarily composed of dense collagenous tissue. On histological section, a trabecula can look like a septum, but in three dimensions they are topologically distinct, with trabeculae being roughly rod or pillar-shaped and septa being sheet-like.. Trabeculae are usually composed of dense fibrous tissue, i.e. mainly of collagen, and in most cases provide mechanical strengthening or stiffening to a soft solid organ, such as the spleen. They can be composed of other materials, such as bone or muscle[WP]." [GO:0060343, Wikipedia:Trabecula]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: BTO:0002501
xref: FMA:85273
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
property_value: has_relational_adjective "trabecular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000442
name: right testicular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that drains the left pampiniform plexus and empties into the left renal vein." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource]
synonym: "right spermatic vein" EXACT [MA:0002220]
synonym: "vena testicularis (adrenalis) dextra" EXACT [FMA:14341]
synonym: "vena testicularis dextra" RELATED [BTO:0002679]
synonym: "vena testicularis sinistra" RELATED [BTO:0002680]
xref: BTO:0002679
xref: FMA:14341
xref: MA:0002220
xref: SCTID:53500001
is_a: UBERON:0001144  ! testicular vein
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001142 ! left renal vein
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0004534 ! right testicle
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0001144  ! testicular vein
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0004534 ! right testicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000443
name: left testicular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that drains the right pampiniform plexus and empties into the inferior vena cava." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource]
synonym: "left spermatic vein" EXACT [MA:0002219]
synonym: "vena testicularis dextra" RELATED [BTO:0002679]
synonym: "vena testicularis sinistra" RELATED [BTO:0002680]
xref: BTO:0002680
xref: FMA:14345
xref: MA:0002219
xref: SCTID:90988008
is_a: UBERON:0001144  ! testicular vein
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0004533 ! left testicle
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0001144  ! testicular vein
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0004533 ! left testicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000444
name: lymphoid follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/6, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/7]
comment: introducing part_of to 'cortex of lymph node' as in issue 7 introduces equivalencies; the part_of has instead been added to 'lymph node follicle'
synonym: "folliculus lymphaticus" RELATED [BTO:0002684]
synonym: "lymphatic follicle" RELATED [BTO:0002684]
synonym: "lymphatic nodule" RELATED [BTO:0002684]
synonym: "lymphoid nodule" EXACT [FMA:55222]
synonym: "nodular lymphoid tissue" EXACT [FMA:55222]
synonym: "nodulus lymphaticus" RELATED [BTO:0002684]
synonym: "nodulus lymphoideus" RELATED [BTO:0002684]
xref: BTO:0002684
xref: FMA:55222
xref: SCTID:64626006
xref: UMLS:C0229654
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphoid_Follicle
is_a: UBERON:0001744  ! lymphoid tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000445
name: habenular trigone
namespace: uberon
def: "The habenular trigone is a small depressed triangular area situated in front of the superior colliculus and on the lateral aspect of the posterior part of the taenia thalami. It contains a group of nerve cells termed the ganglion habenulC&. Fibers enter it from the stalk of the pineal body, and others, forming what is termed the habenular commissure, pass across the middle line to the corresponding ganglion of the opposite side. Most of its fibers are, however, directed downward and form a bundle, the fasciculus retroflexus of Meynert, which passes medial to the red nucleus, and, after decussating with the corresponding fasciculus of the opposite side, ends in the interpeduncular ganglion." [Wikipedia:Habenular_trigone]
comment: superclass in BTO is thalamic nucleus, not present in most ontologies
synonym: "trigone of habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0002700]
synonym: "trigonum habenulae" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002700, Wikipedia:Habenular_trigone]
xref: BTO:0002700
xref: FMA:74868
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000446
name: septum of telencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the telencephalon on the midline between the lateral ventricles which contains the septum pellucidum and the septal nuclei[FMA]." [FMA:61842]
synonym: "area septalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61842, FMA:TA]
synonym: "septal area" EXACT [FMA:61842]
synonym: "septum" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_963]
synonym: "septum (NN)" EXACT [FMA:61842]
synonym: "telencephalon septum" EXACT [FMA:61842]
xref: BTO:0002705
xref: FMA:61842
xref: MA:0000924
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.750
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_963
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000449
name: decidual cell
namespace: uberon
def: "Before the fertilized ovum reaches the uterus, the mucous membrane of the body of the uterus undergoes important changes and is then known as the decidua. The thickness and vascularity of the mucous membrane are greatly increased; its glands are elongated and open on its free surface by funnel-shaped orifices, while their deeper portions are tortuous and dilated into irregular spaces. The interglandular tissue is also increased in quantity, and is crowded with large round, oval, or polygonal cells, termed decidual cells. Their enlargement is due to glycogen and lipid accumulation in the cytoplasm allowing these cells to provide a rich source of nutrition for the developing embryo. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Decidual_cells]
comment: request from CL
xref: BTO:0002770
xref: FMA:86480
xref: UMLS:C1511740
xref: ncithesaurus:Decidual_Cell
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000450
name: corpus albicans
namespace: uberon
def: "White fibrous tissue that replaces the regressing corpus luteum in the human ovary in the latter half of pregnancy, or soon after ovulation when pregnancy does not supervene." [BTO:0002784]
synonym: "corpus albicans of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18620]
synonym: "corpus fibrosum" RELATED [BTO:0002784]
synonym: "corpus mamillare" RELATED [BTO:0002784]
synonym: "mamillary body" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BTO:0002784]
synonym: "mammillary body" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BTO:0002784]
xref: BTO:0002784
xref: EMAPA:29888
xref: FMA:18620
xref: SCTID:258043001
is_a: UBERON:0003982  ! mature ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000454
name: cerebral subcortex
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Cerebral medulla" EXACT [FMA:242188]
synonym: "subcortex" RELATED [BTO:0002858]
xref: BTO:0002858
xref: FMA:242188
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Subcortex
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000456
name: bodily secretion
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0006540
def: "Body substance in a liquid or semisolid state produced by an exocrine gland. Example: saliva, sebum, blood, plasma, semen, urine." [FMA:9675]
comment: AO notes: BTO has two distunct classes, with exocrine glandular secretion a subtype of secretion - however, all examples in BTO directly under secretion appear to be exocrine gland secretions
synonym: "exocrine gland fluid" RELATED []
synonym: "exocrine gland fluid or secretion" RELATED []
synonym: "exocrine gland fluid/secretion" EXACT [MA:0002504]
synonym: "exocrine gland secretion" RELATED []
synonym: "external secretion" RELATED [BTO:0002977]
synonym: "secreted substance" EXACT []
synonym: "secretion" RELATED [FMA:9675]
xref: AEO:0001005
xref: BTO:0002977
xref: BTO:0002979
xref: FMA:9675
xref: MA:0002504
xref: MESH:A12.200
xref: UMLS:C1516992
xref: galen:Secretion
xref: ncithesaurus:Exocrine_Gland_Fluid_or_Secretion
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000457
name: cavernous artery
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Cavernous branch of cavernous part of internal carotid artery" EXACT [FMA:70527]
synonym: "ramus sinus cavernosi (pars cavernosa) (arteria carotis interna)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70527, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0002996
xref: FMA:70527
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000460
name: major vestibular gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Gland found in pairs located slightly below and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina in women. Bartholin's glands are homologous to bulbourethral glands in males. However, while Bartholin's glands are located in the superficial perineal pouch, bulbourethral glands are located in the deep perineal pouch. They secrete mucus to provide vaginal lubrication." [Wikipedia:Bartholin's_gland]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "Bartholin's gland" EXACT [FMA:9598]
synonym: "Duverney's gland" RELATED [FMA:9598]
synonym: "Tiedemann's gland" EXACT [FMA:9598]
synonym: "glandula vestibularis major" RELATED [BTO:0003115]
synonym: "greater vestibular gland" RELATED [MA:0002936]
synonym: "greater vestibular glands of bartholin" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bartholin%27s_gland]
synonym: "vulvovaginal gland" EXACT [FMA:9598]
xref: BTO:0003115
xref: FMA:9598
xref: GAID:384
xref: MA:0002936
xref: MESH:A05.360.319.887.220
xref: SCTID:362244005
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0003297  ! gland of integumental system
is_a: UBERON:0011826  ! vestibular gland
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0005056 ! external female genitalia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system
relationship: secretes UBERON:0000912 ! mucus
property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0002366

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000462
name: obsolete villus
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000463
name: portion of organism substance
namespace: uberon
def: "Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body." [CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "body fluid or substance" EXACT [MA:0002450]
synonym: "body substance" EXACT [FMA:9669]
synonym: "organism substance" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of body substance" EXACT [FMA:9669]
xref: AAO:0010839
xref: AEO:0000004
xref: BILA:0000004
xref: CARO:0000004
xref: EHDAA2:0003004
xref: FBbt:00007019
xref: FMA:9669
xref: HAO:0000004
xref: MA:0002450
xref: SPD:0000008
xref: TAO:0001487
xref: TGMA:0001824
xref: VHOG:0001726
xref: XAO:0004001
xref: ZFA:0001487
xref: galen:BodySubstance
xref: ncithesaurus:Body_Fluid_or_Substance
is_a: UBERON:0000465  ! material anatomical entity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000464
name: anatomical space
namespace: uberon
def: "Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures." [CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "lumen" BROAD []
synonym: "lumen space" EXACT []
synonym: "space" BROAD []
xref: AAO:0010110
xref: AEO:0000005
xref: BILA:0000005
xref: CARO:0000005
xref: EHDAA2:0003005
xref: FBbt:00007017
xref: FMA:5897
xref: HAO:0000005
xref: TAO:0001668
xref: TGMA:0001825
xref: UMLS:C0524461
xref: VHOG:0001728
xref: XAO:0003190
xref: ZFA:0001643
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumen_Space
is_a: UBERON:0000466  ! immaterial anatomical entity
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure
disjoint_from: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000465
name: material anatomical entity
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical entity that has mass." [CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010264
xref: AEO:0000006
xref: BILA:0000006
xref: CARO:0000006
xref: EHDAA2:0003006
xref: FBbt:00007016
xref: FMA:67165
xref: HAO:0000006
xref: TAO:0001836
xref: TGMA:0001826
xref: VHOG:0001721
is_a: UBERON:0001062  ! anatomical entity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000466
name: immaterial anatomical entity
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical entity that has no mass." [CARO:MAH]
subset: disjointness_axiom_removed  ! A class which has a weakened disjointness axiom, to avoid inconsistency. These are kept separately in the uberon_disjoint_from_strict ontology.
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "immaterial physical anatomical entity" EXACT [FMA:67112]
xref: AAO:0010265
xref: AEO:0000007
xref: BILA:0000007
xref: CARO:0000007
xref: EHDAA2:0003007
xref: FBbt:00007015
xref: FMA:67112
xref: HAO:0000007
xref: TAO:0001835
xref: TGMA:0001827
xref: VHOG:0001727
is_a: UBERON:0001062  ! anatomical entity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000467
name: anatomical system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity[CARO]. A group of organs that work together to perform a certain task [Wikipedia]." [CARO:0000011, CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Organ_system]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "body system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_14]
synonym: "organ system" EXACT []
synonym: "system" BROAD [GO:0048731]
xref: AAO:0000007
xref: AEO:0000011
xref: BILA:0000011
xref: CARO:0000011
xref: EHDAA2:0001330
xref: EHDAA2:0003011
xref: EHDAA:392
xref: EMAPA:16103
xref: EV:0100000
xref: FBbt:00004856
xref: FMA:7149
xref: HAO:0000011
xref: MA:0000003
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_14
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rCWM0QCtDEdyAAADggVbxzQ
xref: SCTID:278195005
xref: TAO:0001439
xref: TGMA:0001831
xref: UMLS:C0460002
xref: VHOG:0001725
xref: WBbt:0005746
xref: XAO:0003002
xref: ZFA:0001439
xref: galen:AnatomicalSystem
xref: ncithesaurus:Organ_System
is_a: UBERON:0000480  ! anatomical group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical group that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[CARO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000468
name: multi-cellular organism
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell." [CARO:0000012, CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Multi-cellular_organism]
comment: TODO - split body and mc organism? body continues after death stage
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "Koerper" RELATED [BTO:0001489]
synonym: "TS28" RELATED [MA:0002405]
synonym: "adult mouse" EXACT [MA:0002405]
synonym: "body" EXACT []
synonym: "organism" EXACT []
synonym: "whole body" EXACT [BTO:0001489]
synonym: "whole organism" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010026
xref: AEO:0000103
xref: AEO:0000191
xref: BILA:0000012
xref: BTO:0001489
xref: CARO:0000012
xref: EFO:0002906
xref: EHDAA2:0003103
xref: EHDAA2:0003191
xref: EHDAA:1
xref: EHDAA:9178
xref: EMAPA:25765
xref: EV:0100016
xref: FBbt:00000001
xref: FMA:256135
xref: HAO:0000012
xref: MA:0002405
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_18
xref: SCTID:243928005
xref: TADS:0000001
xref: TAO:0001094
xref: TGMA:0001832
xref: VHOG:0000671
xref: WBbt:0007833
xref: XAO:0003004
xref: ZFA:0001094
xref: galen:Organism
xref: ncithesaurus:Whole_Organism
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "organismal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000470
name: cell part
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that is a direct part of the cell." [CARO:MAH]
comment: todo - move metadata to GO and obsolete this class. Note the inconsistency between the usage of the label 'cell component' in GO and CARO
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "cell component" RELATED [CARO:0000014]
xref: AAO:0010271
xref: BILA:0000014
xref: CARO:0000014
xref: FBbt:00007012
xref: FMA:86454
xref: GO:0044464
xref: HAO:0000014
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao-1337158144
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQwkcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TGMA:0001834
xref: UMLS:C1178969
xref: ncithesaurus:Cell_Part
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000471
name: compound organ component
namespace: uberon
def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ." [CARO:0000019, CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010017
xref: AEO:0000019
xref: BILA:0000019
xref: CARO:0000019
xref: EHDAA2:0003019
xref: HAO:0000019
xref: TAO:0001489
xref: TGMA:0001835
xref: XAO:0003039
xref: ZFA:0001489
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000472
name: simple organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ." [CARO:0000021, CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010051
xref: AEO:0000190
xref: BILA:0000021
xref: CARO:0000021
xref: EHDAA2:0003190
xref: HAO:0000021
xref: TAO:0001492
xref: TGMA:0001836
xref: XAO:0003038
xref: ZFA:0001492
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000473
name: testis
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002117
def: "gonad of a male animal, produces and releases sperm." [Wikipedia:Testis]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "genitalia of male organism gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "genitalia of male organism gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of genitalia of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of male genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of male genitals" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of male organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of male organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of male reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of reproductive system of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of genitalia of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of male genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of male genitals" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of male organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of male organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of male reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of reproductive system of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male genitalia gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male genitalia gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male genitals gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male organism genitalia gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male organism genitalia gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male organism reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male organism reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "orchis" RELATED [BTO:0001363]
synonym: "reproductive system of male organism gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reproductive system of male organism gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "testes" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "testicle" EXACT [FMA:7210]
synonym: "testiculus" RELATED [BTO:0001363]
xref: AAO:0000606
xref: BILA:0000124
xref: BTO:0001363
xref: EFO:0000984
xref: EHDAA2:0002007
xref: EHDAA:8146
xref: EMAPA:17972
xref: EV:0100102
xref: FBbt:00004928
xref: FMA:7210
xref: GAID:396
xref: HAO:0001007
xref: MA:0000411
xref: MAT:0000132
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.849
xref: MIAA:0000132
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjM25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181431007
xref: TAO:0000598
xref: UMLS:C0039597
xref: VHOG:0000252
xref: WBbt:0006794
xref: XAO:0000157
xref: ZFA:0000598
xref: galen:Testis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gray1144.png/200px-Gray1144.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Testis
is_a: UBERON:0000991  ! gonad
is_a: UBERON:0003135  ! male reproductive organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000991  ! gonad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0000992  ! female gonad
disjoint_from: UBERON:0009117  ! indifferent gonad
property_value: external_definition "Either of paired male reproductive organs which are involved in the production of sperm and male sex hormones.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Male reproductive organ.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "testicular" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) while it is likely that Urbilateria lacked a complex somatic reproductive system, it is at present impossible to speculate on whether or not it possessed a true gonad, let alone any other somatic adaptations for reproduction (reference 1); Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved (reference 2).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000474
name: female reproductive system
namespace: uberon
def: "The organs of the female reproductive system." [Wikipedia:Female_genitalia]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "female genital system" RELATED []
synonym: "female genitalia" RELATED []
synonym: "female organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female reproductive tract" RELATED [MA:0000381]
synonym: "genitalia of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gynaecological tissue" RELATED [BTO:0000083]
synonym: "reproductive system of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "systema genitale femininum" RELATED [BTO:0000083]
xref: BTO:0000083
xref: EFO:0000969
xref: EHDAA2:0000506
xref: EHDAA:8116
xref: EMAPA:17959
xref: EV:0100110
xref: FBbt:00004864
xref: FMA:45663
xref: GAID:364
xref: HAO:0000324
xref: MA:0000381
xref: MESH:A05.360.319
xref: MIAA:0000028
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVipTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361386004
xref: TGMA:0000635
xref: UMLS:C0700038
xref: VHOG:0000726
xref: WBbt:0006748
xref: WikipediaCategory:Female_reproductive_system
xref: XAO:0000156
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Scheme_female_reproductive_system-en.svg/200px-Scheme_female_reproductive_system-en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Female_Reproductive_System
is_a: UBERON:0000990  ! reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000990  ! reproductive system
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism
property_value: homology_notes "By far, sexual reproduction is the more common pattern among living vertebrate forms and its widespread occurrence suggests that it is the plesiomorphic, or primitive, reproductive mode among the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000475
name: organism subdivision
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism." [CARO:0000032, CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Body_part]
comment: Editor note: revise after CARO2. todo - check the inclusion of FMA 'cardinal body part here', and check child terms for consistency
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "anatomic region" EXACT [MA:0002433]
synonym: "body part" RELATED []
synonym: "body region" RELATED [FMA:7153]
synonym: "cardinal body part" RELATED [FMA:7153]
xref: AAO:0010053
xref: AEO:0000032
xref: BILA:0000032
xref: CARO:0000032
xref: EFO:0000808
xref: EHDAA2:0003032
xref: FBbt:00007009
xref: FMA:7153
xref: HAO:0000032
xref: MA:0002433
xref: MAT:0000293
xref: MESH:A01
xref: MIAA:0000293
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0001308
xref: TGMA:0001840
xref: UMLS:C0229962
xref: VHOG:0001758
xref: XAO:0003013
xref: ZFA:0001308
xref: galen:BodyPart
xref: ncithesaurus:Body_Part
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000476
name: acellular anatomical structure
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue." [CARO:MAH]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0010268
xref: AEO:0000040
xref: BILA:0000040
xref: CARO:0000040
xref: EHDAA2:0003040
xref: FBbt:00007013
xref: FMA:63863
xref: HAO:0000040
xref: TAO:0000382
xref: TGMA:0001841
xref: XAO:0003162
xref: ZFA:0000382
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
disjoint_from: UBERON:0000480  ! anatomical group
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000477
name: anatomical cluster
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another." [CARO:MAH]
subset: disjointness_axiom_removed  ! A class which has a weakened disjointness axiom, to avoid inconsistency. These are kept separately in the uberon_disjoint_from_strict ontology.
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010009
xref: AEO:0000041
xref: BILA:0000041
xref: CARO:0000041
xref: EHDAA2:0003041
xref: FBbt:00007277
xref: FMA:49443
xref: HAO:0000041
xref: TADS:0000605
xref: TAO:0001478
xref: TGMA:0001842
xref: VHOG:0001737
xref: XAO:0003160
xref: ZFA:0001478
is_a: UBERON:0000480  ! anatomical group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000478
name: extraembryonic structure
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo." [CARO:MAH, https://cedar.bio.indiana.edu/trac/env/ontologies/ticket/279]
comment: see also conceptus extraembryonic component in EHDAA2. Note that the FBbt class is *not* placed here until the tracker issue is resolved.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "extra-embryonic structure" EXACT []
synonym: "extraembryonic component" RELATED []
synonym: "extraembryonic tissue" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010020
xref: AEO:0000042
xref: BILA:0000042
xref: CARO:0000042
xref: EHDAA2:0003042
xref: EHDAA:46
xref: EMAPA:16042
xref: FMA:85537
xref: HAO:0000042
xref: SCTID:314908006
xref: TAO:0000020
xref: TGMA:0001843
xref: UMLS:C1282438
xref: VHOG:0000292
xref: XAO:0004005
xref: ZFA:0000020
xref: ncithesaurus:Extraembryonic_Structure
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure
relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure
intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
property_value: seeAlso FBbt:00005835

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000479
name: tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships." [CARO:0000043, CARO:MAH, FMA:9637]
comment: This class was sourced from CARO, which was initially sourced from FMA. Nomenclature changes have been made. Note also AEO introduces a class AEO:0000013 'single-cell tissue'
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "portion of tissue" EXACT [CARO:0000043]
synonym: "simple tissue" EXACT [AEO:0000043]
synonym: "tissue portion" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000607
xref: AAO:0010054
xref: AEO:0000043
xref: BILA:0000043
xref: CARO:0000043
xref: EHDAA2:0003043
xref: FBbt:00007003
xref: FMA:9637
xref: HAO:0000043
xref: MA:0003002
xref: MESH:A10
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_19
xref: TAO:0001477
xref: TGMA:0001844
xref: UMLS:C0040300
xref: VHOG:0001757
xref: WBbt:0005729
xref: XAO:0003040
xref: ZFA:0001477
xref: galen:Tissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000480
name: anatomical group
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue." [CARO:0000054, CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010008
xref: AEO:0000054
xref: BILA:0000054
xref: CARO:0000054
xref: EHDAA2:0003054
xref: HAO:0000054
xref: TAO:0001512
xref: TGMA:0001846
xref: VHOG:0001724
xref: XAO:0003001
xref: ZFA:0001512
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000481
name: multi-tissue structure
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types." [CARO:0000055, CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010048
xref: AEO:0000055
xref: BILA:0000055
xref: CARO:0000055
xref: EHDAA2:0003055
xref: FBbt:00007010
xref: HAO:0000055
xref: TAO:0001488
xref: TGMA:0001847
xref: VHOG:0001762
xref: XAO:0003037
xref: ZFA:0001488
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000479 ! tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000482
name: basal lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue." [CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Basal_lamina]
comment: TODO - use GO.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "basal laminae" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001592]
synonym: "lamina basalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basal_lamina]
xref: AAO:0010269
xref: AEO:0000065
xref: BILA:0000065
xref: CARO:0000065
xref: EHDAA2:0003065
xref: FMA:62918
xref: GO:0005605
xref: HAO:0000065
xref: MESH:A10.272.220
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1397492660
xref: TAO:0001485
xref: TGMA:0001850
xref: UMLS:C0085872
xref: VHOG:0001592
xref: WBbt:0005756
xref: XAO:0003163
xref: ZFA:0001485
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Basal_lamina.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Basal_Lamina
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium
property_value: homology_notes "A basal lamina is certainly present in Bilateria and was evaluated as an autapomorphy of this taxon.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000483
name: epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. Examples: simple squamous epithelium, glandular cuboidal epithelium, transitional epithelium, myoepithelium[CARO]." [CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Epithelium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelial tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of epithelium" EXACT [FMA:9639]
xref: AAO:0000144
xref: AAO:0010055
xref: AEO:0000066
xref: BILA:0000066
xref: BTO:0000416
xref: CARO:0000066
xref: EHDAA2:0003066
xref: FBbt:00007005
xref: FMA:9639
xref: GAID:402
xref: HAO:0000066
xref: MESH:A10.272
xref: SCTID:31610004
xref: TAO:0001486
xref: UMLS:C0014609
xref: VHOG:0000387
xref: XAO:0003045
xref: ZFA:0001486
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Tkanka_nablonkowa.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
union_of: UBERON:0000486  ! multilaminar epithelium
union_of: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.[CARO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epithelial" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The two basic types of metazoan tissue are epithelial and connective. The simplest metazoans, and developmental stages of many primitive invertebrates, consist solely of these two layers. Thus, epithelial and connective tissues may be the primary (original) tissues of metazoans, and both are important in the functional organization of animals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000484
name: simple cuboidal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells." [CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Simple_cuboidal_epithelium]
comment: Editor notes: needs to be synchronized with CL - there is no distinct cuboidal cell in CL
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelium simplex cuboideum" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010064
xref: AEO:0000067
xref: BILA:0000067
xref: CARO:0000067
xref: EHDAA2:0003067
xref: FMA:45566
xref: HAO:0000067
xref: TAO:0001497
xref: UMLS:C0836134
xref: XAO:0004009
xref: ZFA:0001497
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Gray1133.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Gray1133.png/200px-Gray1133.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Simple_Cuboidal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010077  ! cuboidal epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000485
name: simple columnar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Unilaminar epithelium, which consists of a single layer of columnar cells. Examples: ciliated columnar epithelium, gastric epithelium, microvillus columnar epithelium.[FMA]" [CARO:MAH, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Simple_columnar_epithelium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "columnar epithelium" BROAD [EHDAA2:0003068]
synonym: "columnar epithlium" BROAD [AEO:0000068]
synonym: "epithelium simplex columnare" EXACT []
synonym: "simple columnar epithelium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010063
xref: AEO:0000068
xref: BILA:0000068
xref: CARO:0000068
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003068
xref: FBbt:00007027
xref: FMA:45567
xref: HAO:0000068
xref: SCTID:32210007
xref: TAO:0001496
xref: UMLS:C0836135
xref: XAO:0004008
xref: ZFA:0001496
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray1059.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray1059.png/200px-Gray1059.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Simple_Columnar_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012274  ! columnar epithelium
property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.[CARO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000486
name: multilaminar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium which consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells that may or may not be in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, ciliated stratified columnar epithelium.[FMA]" [CARO:MAH, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Stratified_epithelium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "laminated epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0002074]
synonym: "stratified epithelium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010059
xref: AEO:0000069
xref: BILA:0000069
xref: BTO:0002074
xref: CARO:0000069
xref: EHDAA2:0003069
xref: FMA:45562
xref: HAO:0000069
xref: SCTID:309044005
xref: TAO:0001494
xref: UMLS:C0682575
xref: XAO:0004006
xref: ZFA:0001494
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratified_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[CARO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000487
name: simple squamous epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Unilaminar epithelium which consists of a single layer of squamous cells. Examples: pulmonary alveolar epithelium, endothelium.[FMA]" [CARO:MAH, FMA:45565, Wikipedia:Simple_squamous_epithelium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelium simplex squamosum" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010066
xref: AEO:0000070
xref: BILA:0000070
xref: BTO:0002073
xref: CARO:0000070
xref: EHDAA2:0003070
xref: FMA:45565
xref: HAO:0000070
xref: TAO:0001498
xref: UMLS:C0836133
xref: XAO:0004010
xref: ZFA:0001498
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Illu_epithelium.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Simple_Squamous_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium
property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[CARO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000488
name: atypical epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers." [CARO:MAH]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "heterogenous epithelium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010057
xref: AEO:0000071
xref: BILA:0000071
xref: CARO:0000071
xref: EHDAA2:0003071
xref: FMA:61741
xref: HAO:0000071
xref: TAO:0001493
xref: XAO:0004004
xref: ZFA:0001493
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one or more layers.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000489
name: cavitated compound organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces." [CARO:MAH]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "cavitated organ" EXACT [FMA:55671]
xref: AAO:0010016
xref: AEO:0000072
xref: BILA:0000072
xref: CARO:0000072
xref: EHDAA2:0003072
xref: FMA:55671
xref: HAO:0000072
xref: TAO:0001490
xref: TGMA:0001857
xref: VHOG:0001730
xref: XAO:0003165
xref: ZFA:0001490
is_a: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000490
name: unilaminar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium which consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. Examples: endothelium, mesothelium, glandular squamous epithelium.[FMA]" [CARO:MAH, FMA:45561]
comment: AO/editor notes: consider adding disjointness axiom between unilaminar and multilaminar - but note that this will render EHDAA2:0003244 (chorionic trophoblast) unsatisfiable
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "simple epithelium" EXACT [FMA:45561]
xref: AAO:0010062
xref: AEO:0000073
xref: BILA:0000073
xref: BTO:0002073
xref: CARO:0000073
xref: EHDAA2:0003073
xref: FMA:45561
xref: HAO:0000073
xref: SCTID:309043004
xref: TAO:0001495
xref: UMLS:C0682574
xref: XAO:0004007
xref: ZFA:0001495
xref: ncithesaurus:Simple_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[CARO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000491
name: solid compound organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces." [CARO:MAH]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010019
xref: AEO:0000074
xref: BILA:0000074
xref: CARO:0000074
xref: EHDAA2:0003074
xref: HAO:0000074
xref: TAO:0001491
xref: TGMA:0001859
xref: XAO:0003164
xref: ZFA:0001491
is_a: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000569
name: ileocecal valve
namespace: uberon
def: "The ileocecal valve is a sphincter muscle situated at the junction of the small intestine (ileum) and the large intestine. Its critical function is to limit the reflux of colonic contents into the ileum." [Wikipedia:Ileocecal_valve]
synonym: "Tulp's valve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ileocecal_valve]
synonym: "valva ileocaecalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ileocecal_valve]
synonym: "valva ileocaecalis (valva ilealis)" EXACT [FMA:15973]
xref: FMA:15973
xref: SCTID:362153007
xref: UMLS:C0020880
xref: galen:IleocecalValve
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray1075.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ileocecal_Valve
is_a: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011185  ! gastrointestinal sphincter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001073 ! ileocecal junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000642
name: suspensory ligament of duodenum
namespace: uberon
def: "Ligament that connects the duodenum of the small intestines to the diaphragm. It contains a slender band of skeletal muscle from the diaphragm and a fibromuscular band of smooth muscle from the horizontal and ascending parts of the duodenum. When it contracts, the suspensory muscle of the duodenum widens the angle of the duodenojejunal flexure, allowing movement of the intestinal contents It arises from the right crus as it passes around the esophagus, continues as connective tissue around the stems of the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery and inserts into the third and fourth portions of the duodenum and frequently into the duodenojejunal (DJ) flexure (between the duodenum and the jejunum) as well. " [Wikipedia:Suspensory_muscle_of_duodenum]
comment: an especially important landmark to note when looking at the bowel for the presence of malrotation of the gut, a syndrome often suspected in young children when they have episodes of recurrent vomiting. Visualizing a normal location of the ligament of Treitz in radiological images is critical in ruling out malrotation of the gut in a child; it is abnormally located when malrotation is present. An abnormally low and fixed position of the ligament of Treitz is a known cause of superior mesenteric artery syndrome. However, identifying it on a CT scan is difficult. Hematemesis (blood in the vomit) or melena (black tarry stools) usually indicate a gastrointestinal bleed from a location proximal to the ligament. Hematochezia (bright red blood or clots in the stools) usually indicates a gastrointestinal bleed from a location distal to the ligament.
synonym: "ligament of Treitz" EXACT [FMA:20509]
synonym: "muscle of Treitz" EXACT [FMA:20509]
synonym: "musculus suspensorius duodeni" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20509, Wikipedia:Suspensory_muscle_of_duodenum]
synonym: "suspensory muscle of duodenum" EXACT [FMA:20509]
xref: FMA:20509
xref: SCTID:279979000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Gray1042.png
is_a: UBERON:0008841  ! suspensory ligament
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0008841  ! suspensory ligament
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000711
name: splenius capitis
namespace: uberon
def: "The splenius capitis is a broad, straplike muscle in the back of the neck. It pulls on the base of the skull from vertebrae in the neck and upper thorax. It arises from the lower half of the ligamentum nuchC&, from the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra, and from the spinous processes of the upper three or four thoracic vertebrC&. The fibers of the muscle are directed upward and lateralward and are inserted, under cover of the Sternocleidomastoideus, into the mastoid process of the temporal bone, and into the rough surface on the occipital bone just below the lateral third of the superior nuchal line. The Splenius Capitis muscle is innervated by the dorsal rami of spinal nerves C3-C4. The splenius muscle is a prime mover for head extension. The splenius capitis can also allow lateral flexion and rotation of the cervical spine." [Wikipedia:Splenius_capitis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus splenius capitis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenius_capitis_muscle]
synonym: "splenius capitis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Splenius_capitis_muscle]
xref: FMA:22653
xref: SCTID:244850004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Splenius.png
is_a: UBERON:0002252  ! splenius
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000351 ! nuchal ligament
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000908
name: hippocampal commissure
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:Commissure-MA_0002723
def: "The lateral portions of the body of the fornix are joined by a thin triangular lamina, named the psalterium (lyra). This lamina contains some transverse fibers that connect the two hippocampi across the middle line and constitute the commissure of fornix (hippocampal commissure)." [Wikipedia:Commissure_of_fornix]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "commissura hippocampi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61970, FMA:TA]
synonym: "commissure of fornix" RELATED [Wikipedia:Commissure_of_fornix]
synonym: "commissure of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61970]
synonym: "delta fornicis" EXACT [MP:0008221]
synonym: "dorsal hippocampal commissure" EXACT [FMA:61970]
synonym: "fornical commissure" EXACT [FMA:61970]
synonym: "fornix commissure" EXACT [FMA:61970]
synonym: "hippocampus commissure" EXACT [MP:0008221]
xref: FMA:61970
xref: MA:0002723
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_746
xref: SCTID:369115003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray747.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray747.png/200px-Gray747.png
is_a: UBERON:0005340  ! dorsal telencephalic commissure
is_a: UBERON:0005970  ! brain commissure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002316 ! white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000910
name: chyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Chyme is a bodily fluid consisting of a liquid substance found in the stomach before passing through the pyloric valve and entering the duodenum. It results from the mechanical and chemical breakdown of a bolus and consists of partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid, and various digestive enzymes." [Wikipedia:Chyme]
synonym: "chymus" EXACT [ENVO:02000026]
xref: ENVO:02000026
xref: FMA:62961
is_a: UBERON:0012112  ! ingested food

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000911
name: chyle
namespace: uberon
def: "Chyle is a bodily fluid consisting of a milky fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats; formed in the small intestine during digestion of ingested fats." [Wikipedia:Chyle, http://wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=chyle]
xref: ENVO:02000030
xref: FMA:61403
xref: GAID:1187
xref: MESH:A12.207.630.350
xref: UMLS:C0008730
xref: ncithesaurus:Chyle
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000912
name: mucus
namespace: uberon
def: "Mucus is a bodily fluid consisting of a slippery secretion of the lining of the mucous membranes in the body. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme) and immunoglobulins. Mucus is produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes that cover the surfaces of the membranes. It is made up of mucins and inorganic salts suspended in water." [Wikipedia:Mucus]
xref: ENVO:02000040
xref: FMA:66938
xref: GAID:1164
xref: MESH:A12.200.503
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjHq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0026727
xref: galen:Mucus
xref: ncithesaurus:Mucus
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mucoid" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mucous" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000913
name: interstitial fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Interstitial fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of a solution which bathes and surrounds the cells of multicellular animals. It is the main component of the extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid." [FMA:9673, Wikipedia:Interstitial_fluid]
synonym: "intercellular fluid" EXACT [ENVO:02000042]
synonym: "tissue fluid" EXACT [ENVO:02000042]
xref: ENVO:02000042
xref: FMA:9673
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000914
name: organismal segment
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the repeated divisions of the whole organism." [FB:gg, Wikipedia:Segmentation_(biology)]
comment: editor note: review this post-CARO2
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "segment" EXACT [FBbt:00000003]
xref: FBbt:00000003
xref: HAO:0000929
xref: MAT:0000271
xref: MIAA:0000271
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000915
name: thoracic segment of trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "Organismal subdivision of body that lies between the head and the abdomen [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Thorax]
comment: Usage notes: note that we use the slightly verbose term 'thoracic segment of trunk' to avoid confusuon with insect thorax. todo - taxonomic constraints. Also, in FMA 'thorax' is a synonym for chest
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "thorax" RELATED [MA:0000022]
synonym: "upper body" RELATED []
xref: FMA:259209
xref: MA:0000022
xref: SCTID:302551006
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0011676  ! axial subdivision of organism
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000026
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000033
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002417

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000916
name: abdomen
namespace: uberon
def: "In vertebrates such as mammals the abdomen (belly) constitutes the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis. The region enclosed by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity." [Wikipedia:Abdomen]
comment: Taxon notes: Vertebrate specific. In arthropods 'abdomen' is the most distal section of the body which lies behind the thorax or cephalothorax. If need be we can introduce some grouping class
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "abdominopelvic region" EXACT [FMA:9577]
synonym: "abdominopelvis" EXACT [FMA:9577]
synonym: "adult abdomen" RELATED []
synonym: "belly" RELATED []
synonym: "celiac region" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000020
xref: EFO:0000968
xref: EV:0100011
xref: FMA:9577
xref: GAID:16
xref: MA:0000029
xref: MAT:0000298
xref: MESH:A01.047
xref: MIAA:0000298
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjgyZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302553009
xref: galen:Abdomen
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
property_value: has_relational_adjective "abdominal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000917
name: obsolete abdominal segment
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0002417  ! abdominal segment of trunk
synonym: "segment of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000918
name: obsolete yolk
namespace: uberon
def: "The nutritive substance contained in the egg." [FB:gg]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0007378  ! egg yolk
synonym: "vegetal yolk mass" BROAD []
synonym: "yolk cell" RELATED []
xref: MAT:0000335
xref: MIAA:0000335

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000919
name: obsolete lipid droplet
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000920
name: egg chorion
namespace: uberon
def: "A protective, noncellular membrane that surrounds the eggs of various animals including insects and fish [GO]." [GO:0042600, Wikipedia:Chorion_(egg)]
subset: dubious_grouping  ! Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "chorion" RELATED []
synonym: "chorion (egg)" EXACT []
xref: FBbt:00000038
xref: TAO:0000329
xref: TGMA:0000681
xref: ZFA:0000329
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0003125 ! vitelline membrane
property_value: external_definition "The egg shell. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000921
name: obsolete pronucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Pronucleus]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000922
name: embryo
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant." [BTO:0000379, FB:FBrf0039741, FB:FBrf0041814, GO:0009790, Wikipedia:Embryo]
comment: Obsoleted in ZFA. Note that embryo is not classified as an embryonic structure - an embryonic structure is only the parts of an embryo
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "developing organism" RELATED [BILA:0000056]
synonym: "developmental tissue" RELATED []
synonym: "embryonic organism" EXACT [BILA:0000056]
xref: AAO:0011035
xref: AEO:0000169
xref: BILA:0000056
xref: BTO:0000379
xref: EFO:0001367
xref: EHDAA2:0000002
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003236
xref: EHDAA:38
xref: EMAPA:16039
xref: FBbt:00000052
xref: FMA:69068
xref: GAID:963
xref: MAT:0000226
xref: MESH:A16.254
xref: MIAA:0000019
xref: OGEM:000001
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP1ceZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:57991002
xref: UMLS:C0013935
xref: VHOG:0001766
xref: XAO:0000113
xref: ZFA:0000103
xref: http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category:Embryonic_organism
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Wrinkledfrog_embryos.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Embryo
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
property_value: has_relational_adjective "embryonic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000923
name: germ layer
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the animal embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The three types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm." [Wikipedia:Germ_layer]
comment: Classically the germ layers are ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Alternatively: primary = ectoderm, endoderm; secondary=mesoderm; tertiary=dorsal mesoderm, NC[UBERONREF:0000002]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "embryonic germ layer" RELATED []
synonym: "embryonic germ layers" RELATED []
synonym: "embryonic tissue" BROAD [FMA:69069]
synonym: "germinal layer" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Germinal_Layer]
synonym: "primary germ layer" NARROW [GO:0001704, ZFA:0001122]
xref: AAO:0000480
xref: BILA:0000035
xref: BTO:0000556
xref: FBbt:00000110
xref: FMA:69069
xref: GAID:1303
xref: MESH:A16.254.425
xref: TAO:0001122
xref: UMLS:C0920502
xref: UMLS:C1708239
xref: VHOG:0001223
xref: XAO:0003011
xref: ZFA:0001122
xref: ncithesaurus:Embryonic_Tissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Germinal_Layer
is_a: UBERON:0010316  ! germ layer / neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic)
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: homology_notes "The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000924
name: ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue." [Wikipedia:Ectoderm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "embryonic ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000153]
xref: AAO:0000137
xref: BILA:0000036
xref: BTO:0000315
xref: EFO:0000414
xref: EHDAA2:0000428
xref: EMAPA:16069
xref: EV:0100003
xref: FBbt:00000111
xref: FMA:69070
xref: GAID:1304
xref: MAT:0000155
xref: MAT:0000173
xref: MESH:A16.254.425.273
xref: MIAA:0000173
xref: SCTID:362851007
xref: TAO:0000016
xref: UMLS:C0013574
xref: VHOG:0000153
xref: XAO:0000001
xref: ZFA:0000016
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray32.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ectoderm
is_a: UBERON:0000923  ! germ layer
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006601 ! presumptive ectoderm
property_value: external_definition "Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryonic germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ectodermal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000925
name: endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut." [Wikipedia:Endoderm]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "entoderm" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000139
xref: BILA:0000038
xref: BTO:0000800
xref: EFO:0002545
xref: EHDAA2:0000436
xref: EV:0100005
xref: FBbt:00000125
xref: FMA:69071
xref: GAID:1305
xref: MAT:0000175
xref: MESH:A16.254.425.407
xref: MIAA:0000175
xref: SCTID:362855003
xref: TAO:0000017
xref: UMLS:C0014144
xref: VHOG:0000154
xref: XAO:0000090
xref: ZFA:0000017
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Endoderm2.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gray10.png/200px-Gray10.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Endoderm
is_a: UBERON:0000923  ! germ layer
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006595 ! presumptive endoderm
property_value: has_relational_adjective "endodermal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000926
name: mesoderm
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003263
def: "The middle germ layer of the embryo, between the endoderm and ectoderm." [Wikipedia:Mesoderm]
comment: Taxon notes: sponges do not seem to have a mesoderm and accordingly Amphimedon lacks transcription factors involved in mesoderm development (Fkh, Gsc, Twist, Snail)[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v466/n7307/full/nature09201.html]. Mesoderm may not be homologous across verteberates[UBERONREF:0000002]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "embryonic mesoderm" RELATED [VHOG:0000152]
synonym: "entire mesoderm" RELATED [SCTID:362854004, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "mesodermal mantle" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000304
xref: BILA:0000037
xref: BTO:0000839
xref: EFO:0001981
xref: EHDAA2:0001128
xref: EHDAA:124
xref: EHDAA:160
xref: EHDAA:168
xref: EHDAA:183
xref: EMAPA:16083
xref: EV:0100006
xref: FBbt:00000126
xref: FMA:69072
xref: GAID:522
xref: MAT:0000174
xref: MESH:A16.254.425.660
xref: MIAA:0000174
xref: SCTID:362854004
xref: TAO:0000041
xref: UMLS:C0025485
xref: VHOG:0000152
xref: XAO:0000050
xref: ZFA:0000041
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Mesoderm.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Mesoderm.png/200px-Mesoderm.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0000923  ! germ layer
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006603 ! presumptive mesoderm
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6040
property_value: external_definition "Primary germ layer that is the middle of the embryonic germ layers.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mesodermal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000927
name: mesectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "A double row of cells which are located at the midline from the end of gastrulations. The morphology of these cells is distinct from adjacent ectodermal cells - they are elongated such that one end remains exposed to the outside of the embryo at the mideline while the other end bissects the internalised mesoderm." [FB:FBrf0089570]
comment: Split term? The part of the mesenchyme derived from ectoderm, especially from the embryonic neural crest from which the pigment cells, meninges, and most of the branchial cartilages develop.[TFD]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "MesEc" RELATED []
xref: FBbt:00000136
xref: MAT:0000243
xref: MIAA:0000243
is_a: UBERON:0000923  ! germ layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mesectodermal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000928
name: embryonic segment
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "segment - embryonic" EXACT []
xref: FBbt:00000154
xref: MAT:0000244
xref: MIAA:0000244
is_a: UBERON:0000914  ! organismal segment
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000929
name: pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Motor nerve of the pharynx, arises from the upper part of the ganglion nodosum, and consists principally of filaments from the cranial portion of the accessory nerve." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pharyngeal branch" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal branch of inferior vagal ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal branch of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6234]
synonym: "pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "ramus pharyngealis nervi vagalis" EXACT []
synonym: "ramus pharyngeus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6234, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ramus pharyngeus nervi vagi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "tenth cranial nerve pharyngeal branch" EXACT []
synonym: "vagal pharyngeal branch" EXACT []
synonym: "vagus nerve pharyngeal branch" EXACT []
xref: FMA:6234
xref: SCTID:280298006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000930
name: stomodeum
namespace: uberon
def: "Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal formed as an invagination of the ectoderm; the future mouth[ZFA]. In humans, a depression between the brain and the pericardium in an embryo, and is the precursor of the mouth and the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The stomodeum is lined by ectoderm, and is separated from the anterior end of the fore-gut by the buccopharyngeal membrane. This membrane is devoid of mesoderm, being formed by the apposition of the stomodeal ectoderm with the fore-gut endoderm; at the end of the third week it disappears, and thus a communication is established between the mouth and the future pharynx[WP]. The anterior part of the embryonic digestive system deriving from the stomodeal invagination of the ectoderm[FBbt]." [Wikipedia:Stomodeum]
comment: Editor note: consider indicating location. e.g. anterior. Note some AOs place this as part of oral opening, but it's not clear when this structure comes into existence. Taxon note: This class groups together disparate structures as all being the anterior part of the early metazoan digestive tract and precursor of the mouth. However, the developmental processes vary, so this class may be split in future. E.g. in mammals it is a rostral depression surrounded by prominences. Outgrowth of the prominences produces a stomodeal cavity.
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mouth primordium" EXACT [XAO:0000269]
synonym: "primitive oral cavity" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "stomatodeum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stomodeum]
synonym: "stomodaeum" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004224
xref: EHDAA2:0001929
xref: EMAPA:16263
xref: FBbt:00000439
xref: TAO:0001290
xref: TGMA:0000135
xref: UMLS:C1514977
xref: XAO:0000269
xref: ZFA:0001290
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray977.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray977.png/200px-Gray977.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Stomodeum
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut
property_value: external_definition "Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal formed as an invagination of the ectoderm; the future mouth.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "stomodeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000931
name: proctodeum
namespace: uberon
def: "Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage[ZFA]. A proctodeum is the back ectodermal part of an alimentary canal. It is created during embryogenesis by a folding of the outer body wall[WP]." [Wikipedia:Proctodeum]
comment: removed WBbt:0006795 - junction between the alimentary and genital tracts in the male.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anal pit" RELATED [VHOG:0000139]
synonym: "embryonic proctodaeum" EXACT []
synonym: "proctodaeum" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011087
xref: EHDAA2:0000121
xref: FBbt:00000440
xref: TAO:0000066
xref: UMLS:C0231054
xref: VHOG:0000139
xref: XAO:0001019
xref: ZFA:0000066
xref: ncithesaurus:Proctodeum
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001353 ! anal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut
property_value: external_definition "An inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "proctodeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000932
name: obsolete ventral longitudinal muscle
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: originally unified on basis of terminological similarity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000933
name: pharyngeal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle that acts on the pharynx[WP, vetted]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_muscles]
comment: Innervation notes: They are innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the Vagus nerve (CN X) with the exception of the stylopharyngeus muscle which is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).[WP]
synonym: "branchial muscle" EXACT [ZFA:0000172]
synonym: "branchial muscles" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000172]
synonym: "muscle of pharynx" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle organ of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "musculi pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_muscles]
synonym: "musculus pharyngis" RELATED [BTO:0001048]
synonym: "pharynx muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "pharynx muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica muscularis pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_muscles]
xref: BTO:0001048
xref: EFO:0003504
xref: FMA:46619
xref: GAID:154
xref: MA:0001797
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.800
xref: SCTID:244798004
xref: TAO:0000172
xref: UMLS:C0031346
xref: ZFA:0000172
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray1030.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004467 ! musculature of pharynx
property_value: external_definition "A pharyngeal muscle is any muscle that forms part of the pharynx[GO]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000934
name: ventral nerve cord
namespace: uberon
def: "The pair of closely united ventral longitudinal nerves with their segmental ganglia that is characteristic of many elongate invertebrates (as earthworms)[BTO]. A large process bundle that runs along the vental mid-line extending from the ventral region of the nerve ring[WB]. The ventral cord is one of the distinguishing traits of the central nervous system of all arthropods (such as insects, crustaceans and arachnids) as well as many other invertebrates, such as the annelid worms[GO]." [BTO:0002328, GO:0007419, WB:Paper00000938, Wikipedia:Ventral_nerve_cord]
comment: The ventral nerve cords make up the nervous system of some phyla of the invertebrates, particularly within the nematodes, annelids and the arthropods. It usually consists of cerebral ganglia anteriorly with the nerve cords running down the ventral ('belly', as opposed to back) plane of the organism. This characteristic is important in qualifying the difference compared to the chordates, which have a dorsal nerve cord. Ventral nerve cords from anterior to posterior (the thoracic and abdominal tagma in the arthropods) are made up of segmented ganglia that are connected by a tract of nerve fibers passing from one side to the other of the nerve cord called commissures. The complete system bears some likeness to a rope ladder. In some animals the bilateral ganglia are fused into a single large ganglion per segment. This characteristic is found mostly in the insects.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ventral cord" EXACT [GO:0007419]
xref: BTO:0002328
xref: EFO:0000896
xref: FBbt:00001102
xref: MAT:0000339
xref: MIAA:0000339
xref: WBbt:0005829
is_a: UBERON:0005053  ! nerve cord
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7711

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000935
name: anterior commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "bundle of nerve fibers (white matter), connecting the two cerebral hemispheres across the midline, and placed in front of the columns of the fornix. The great majority of fibers connecting the two hemispheres travel through the corpus callosum, which is over 10 times larger than the anterior commissure, and other routes of communication pass through the hippocampal commissure or, indirectly, via subcortical connections. Nevertheless, the anterior commissure is a significant pathway that can be clearly distinguished in the brains of all mammals." [Wikipedia:Anterior_commissure]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "commissura anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_commissure]
synonym: "commissura rostral" RELATED []
synonym: "commissura rostralis" EXACT []
synonym: "precommisure" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_commisure]
synonym: "rostral commissure" RELATED []
xref: BM:Tel-AC
xref: BTO:0002169
xref: EMAPA:19038
xref: FMA:61961
xref: MA:0002722
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:Class_4
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1557
xref: SCTID:369119009
xref: TAO:0001108
xref: UMLS:C0152335
xref: VHOG:0001558
xref: ZFA:0001108
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Gray744.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gray744.png/200px-Gray744.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Commissure
is_a: UBERON:0002473  ! intercerebral commissure
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates the thin structure that connects the two halves of the telencephalon shows a ridge-like thickening at the basal side known as the anterior commissure.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000936
name: posterior commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "Rounded band of white fibers crossing the middle line on the dorsal aspect of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct. It is important in the bilateral pupillary light reflex. Its fibers acquire their medullary sheaths early, but their connections have not been definitely determined. Most of them have their origin in a nucleus, the nucleus of the posterior commissure (nucleus of Darkschewitsch), which lies in the central gray substance of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct, in front of the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve. Some are probably derived from the posterior part of the thalamus and from the superior colliculus, whereas others are believed to be continued downward into the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The posterior commissure interconnects the pretectal nuclei, mediating the consensual pupillary light reflex[WP].Diencephalic tract which is located in the vicinity of the dorsal diencephalon and mesencephalon and connects the pretectal nuclei. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_commissure, ZFA:0000320]
comment: AO notes: part_of brainstem in MA; midbrain tectum in NIF
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "caudal commissure" EXACT [FMA:62072, ZFA:0000320]
synonym: "commissura posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_commissure]
synonym: "epithalamic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62072]
xref: BM:MB-Tec-PC
xref: FMA:62072
xref: MA:0002743
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1026
xref: TAO:0000320
xref: UMLS:C0152327
xref: ZFA:0000320
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Commissure
is_a: UBERON:0011590  ! commissure of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000937
name: obsolete proneural cluster
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: obsoleted because inconsistencies arise due to ZFA term being both embryonic and extraembryonic
synonym: "proneural clusters" RELATED [ZFA:0000068]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000941
name: cranial nerve II
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve which is comprised of retinal ganglion cell axons running posterior medially towards the optic chiasm, at which some of the axons cross the midline and after which the structure is termed the optic tract. Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain[ZFA]." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Optic_nerve, ZFA:0000435]
comment: Editor notes: A sensory tract that develops as an outpocketing of the brain - we classify as a cranial nerve as is traditional, but not strictly a nerve. AO notes: (relaion to eye): MA, XAO, AAO and BTO consider this part of the eye. This is in contrast to GO, FMA, EHDAA2 (FMA has a class 'intra-ocular part of optic nerve' which represents the region of overlap). Relation to brain: part of diencephalon in EHDAA2, ZFA. In NIF, has the optic nerve root as part, which is a feature part of the diencphalon. Structure notes: We are consistent here with the FMA in considering CN-II continuous with the retina. Editor notes: - determine the precise relationship between CN II and the CNS
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "02 optic nerve" EXACT [AAO:0010345]
synonym: "CN-II" RELATED [ZFA:0000435]
synonym: "cranial II" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus opticus" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus opticus [II]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50863, FMA:TA]
synonym: "optic" RELATED [TAO:0000435]
synonym: "optic II" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001313]
synonym: "optic II nerve" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001313]
synonym: "optic nerve" BROAD SENSU [FMA:50863, ZFA:0000435]
synonym: "optic nerve [II]" EXACT []
synonym: "second cranial nerve" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010345
xref: EFO:0004258
xref: EHDAA2:0001313
xref: EHDAA:6788
xref: EMAPA:17575
xref: EMAPA:17846
xref: FMA:50863
xref: GAID:831
xref: MA:0001097
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.680
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1640
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180938001
xref: TAO:0000435
xref: UMLS:C0029130
xref: VHOG:0000543
xref: XAO:0000188
xref: ZFA:0000435
xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
is_a: UBERON:0004904  ! nerve connecting eye with brain
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000959 ! optic chiasma
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000966 ! retina
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003098 ! optic stalk
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002104 ! visual system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0000959 ! optic chiasma
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0000966 ! retina
property_value: external_definition "A collection of nerve cells that project visual information from the eyes to the brain.  (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Fibrous, somatic sensory element covered by a fibrous connective-tissue sheath and is continuous with the layer of nerve cells on the inner surface of the eye.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup (reference 1); The (optic) stalk persists as the optic nerve (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000942
name: frontal nerve (branch of ophthalmic)
namespace: uberon
def: "The frontal nerve is the largest branch of the ophthalmic, and may be regarded, both from its size and direction, as the continuation of the nerve. It enters the orbit through the supraorbital foramen, and runs forward between the Levator palpebrC& superioris and the periosteum. Midway between the apex and base of the orbit it divides into two branches, supratrochlear nerve and supraorbital nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Frontal_nerve]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "frontal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52638]
synonym: "nervus frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_nerve]
xref: FMA:52638
xref: SCTID:280219004
xref: UMLS:C0228712
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Gray787.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gray787.png/200px-Gray787.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000348 ! ophthalmic nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000943
name: obsolete labial sensillum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000944
name: obsolete dorsal branch
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "dorsal vein" EXACT []
synonym: "ramus dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76733, FMA:TA]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000945
name: stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium." [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Stomach]
comment: Taxon notes: We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa -- Stomach#In_other_animals
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Ventricular" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stomach]
synonym: "anterior intestine" RELATED []
synonym: "gaster" RELATED [BTO:0001307]
synonym: "mesenteron" RELATED []
synonym: "stomach chamber" NARROW []
synonym: "ventriculus" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000579
xref: ANISEED:1235297
xref: BTO:0001307
xref: EFO:0000837
xref: EHDAA2:0001915
xref: EHDAA:2993
xref: EMAPA:17021
xref: EMAPA:18889
xref: EV:0100070
xref: FMA:7148
xref: GAID:293
xref: MA:0000353
xref: MAT:0000051
xref: MESH:A03.492.766
xref: MIAA:0000051
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181246003
xref: TAO:0002121
xref: UMLS:C0038351
xref: VHOG:0000408
xref: XAO:0000128
xref: galen:Stomach
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Stomach_diagram.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Stomach_diagram.svg/200px-Stomach_diagram.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Stomach
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
is_a: UBERON:0010039  ! food storage organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: external_definition "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000946
name: cardial valve
namespace: uberon
def: "Flap of tissue that prevents regurgitation of blood from the ventricles to the atria or from the pulmonary arteries or aorta to the ventricles." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_valve]
comment: Terminology notes: Rector et al: One might be tempted to define bheart valveb equivalently to bvalve in the heartb, and bvalveb as a bstructure which functions as a valveb. But this combination results in the bforamen ovaleb being classified as a kind of bheart valveb, since it is undoubtedly located in the heart and functions as a valve
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cardiac valve" RELATED [GO:0003170]
synonym: "heart valve" EXACT []
synonym: "heart valves" RELATED []
synonym: "stomodaeal valve" RELATED []
synonym: "valve of heart" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000564
xref: EMAPA:17869
xref: EV:0100024
xref: FMA:7110
xref: GAID:176
xref: MA:0000086
xref: MESH:A07.541.510
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv8oyuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181285005
xref: TAO:0005065
xref: UMLS:C0018826
xref: VHOG:0000818
xref: XAO:0004126
xref: ZFA:0005065
xref: galen:HeartValve
xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Valve
is_a: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 ! endocardial cushion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004754  ! foramen ovale of heart
property_value: external_definition "One of the four structures within the heart that prevent backflow of blood by opening and closing with each heartbeat. The valves include two semilunar valves, the aortic and pulmonary; the mitral or bicuspid valve; and the tricuspid valve. The valves permit blood flow in only one direction. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Extensive conservation of valve developmental mechanisms also has been observed among vertebrate species including chicken, mouse, and human.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000947
name: aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "Artery carrying blood from the heart to all the organs and other structures of the body, bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation" [Wikipedia:Aorta]
comment: Editor notes: This class is currently a mixed bag, encompassing (1) the entirety of the mammalian aorta together with (2) the developmental and phylogenetic homologs of its segments: the ventral aorta and dorsal aortae. Taxon notes: All amniotes have a broadly similar arrangement to that of humans, albeit with a number of individual variations. In fish, however, there are two separate vessels referred to as aortas. The ventral aorta carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the gills; part of this vessel forms the ascending aorta in tetrapods (the remainder forms the pulmonary artery). A second, dorsal aorta carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body, and is homologous with the descending aorta of tetrapods. The two aortas are connected by a number of vessels, one passing through each of the gills. Amphibians also retain the fifth connecting vessel, so that the aorta has two parallel arches[WP].
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "aorta, arteria maxima" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aorta]
synonym: "dorsal aorta" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Aorta#In_other_animals, ZFA:0000014]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree" EXACT []
synonym: "trunk of systemic arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010213
xref: BTO:0000135
xref: EFO:0000265
xref: EMAPA:18601
xref: EV:0100027
xref: FMA:3734
xref: GAID:469
xref: MA:0000062
xref: MAT:0000035
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.056
xref: MIAA:0000035
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjvTpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181298001
xref: UMLS:C0003483
xref: VHOG:0001523
xref: XAO:0003010
xref: galen:Aorta
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Aorta_scheme.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Aorta
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004571 ! systemic arterial system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010191 ! aortic system
property_value: external_definition "The main artery of the circulatory system which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to all the arteries of the body except those of the lungs.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "aortic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000948
name: heart
namespace: uberon
def: "a myogenic muscular organ found in the cardiovascular system. It is responsible for pumping blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. The vertebrate heart is composed of cardiac muscle, which is an involuntary striated muscle tissue found only in this organ, and connective tissue. Primitive fish have a four-chambered heart; however, the chambers are arranged sequentially so that this primitive heart is quite unlike the four-chambered hearts of mammals and birds. The first chamber is the sinus venosus, which collects de-oxygenated blood, from the body, through the hepatic and cardinal veins. From here, blood flows into the atrium and then to the powerful muscular ventricle where the main pumping action takes place. The fourth and final chamber is the conus arteriosus which contains several valves and sends blood to the ventral aorta. The ventral aorta delivers blood to the gills where it is oxygenated and flows, through the dorsal aorta, into the rest of the body. (In tetrapods, the ventral aorta has divided in two; one half forms the ascending aorta, while the other forms the pulmonary artery. In the adult fish, the four chambers are not arranged in a straight row but, instead, form an S-shape with the latter two chambers lying above the former two. This relatively simpler pattern is found in cartilaginous fish and in the more primitive ray-finned fish. In teleosts, the conus arteriosus is very small and can more accurately be described as part of the aorta rather than of the heart proper. The conus arteriosus is not present in any amniotes which presumably having been absorbed into the ventricles over the course of evolution. Similarly, while the sinus venosus is present as a vestigial structure in some reptiles and birds, it is otherwise absorbed into the right atrium and is no longer distinguishable[WP]." [Wikipedia:Heart]
comment: note that we use the term 'circulatory organ' for the generic class. Taxon notes:\" the ascidian tube-like heart lacks chambers....The ascidian heart is formed after metamorphosis as a simple tube-like structure with a single-layered myoepi- thelium that is continuous with a single-layered pericar- dial wall. It lacks chambers and endocardium.... The innovation of the chambered heart was a key event in vertebrate evolution, because the chambered heart generates one-way blood flow with high pressure, a critical requirement for the efficient blood supply of large-body vertebrates... all extant vertebrates have hearts with two or more chambers (Moorman and Christoffels 2003)\" doi:10.1101/gad.1485706
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Herz" RELATED [BTO:0000562]
synonym: "branchial heart" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "chambered heart" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "vertebrate heart" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010210
xref: BILA:0000020
xref: BTO:0000562
xref: EFO:0000815
xref: EHDAA2:0000738
xref: EHDAA:420
xref: EMAPA:16105
xref: EV:0100018
xref: FMA:7088
xref: GAID:174
xref: MA:0000072
xref: MAT:0000036
xref: MESH:A07.541
xref: MIAA:0000036
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302509004
xref: TAO:0000114
xref: UMLS:C0018787
xref: VHOG:0000276
xref: XAO:0000064
xref: ZFA:0000114
xref: galen:Heart
xref: ncithesaurus:Heart
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007100  ! circulatory organ
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004141 ! heart tube
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: has_part UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system
intersection_of: UBERON:0007100  ! circulatory organ
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Blood pumping organ composed of four chambers: sinus venosus, atrium, cardiac ventricle and bulbus arteriosus.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system responsible for pumping blood; composed of three chambers--two atria and one ventricle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cardiac" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "As noted, the hearts of birds and mammals have four chambers that arises from the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the fish heart.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000949
name: endocrine system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce endocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity." [NLM:endocrine+system, Wikipedia:Endocrine_system]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "endocrine glandular system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002224]
synonym: "endocrine system" EXACT []
synonym: "systema endocrinum" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010279
xref: EFO:0002969
xref: EHDAA2:0002224
xref: EV:0100128
xref: FBbt:00005068
xref: FMA:9668
xref: GAID:439
xref: MA:0000012
xref: MESH:A06
xref: SCTID:278876000
xref: TAO:0001158
xref: UMLS:C0014136
xref: VHOG:0000098
xref: XAO:0000158
xref: ZFA:0001158
xref: ncithesaurus:Endocrine_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0000990  ! reproductive system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001004  ! respiratory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001007  ! digestive system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001008  ! excretory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009  ! circulatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016  ! nervous system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033  ! gustatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204  ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system containing glands which regulates bodily functions though the secretion of hormones.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "endocrine" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Multicellular organisms have complex endocrine systems, allowing responses to environmental stimuli, regulation of development, reproduction, and homeostasis. Nuclear receptors (NRs), a metazoan-specific family of ligand-activated transcription factors, play central roles in endocrine responses, as intermediates between signaling molecules and target genes. The NR family includes ligand-bound and orphan receptors, that is, receptors with no known ligand or for which there is no ligand Pocket. Understanding NR evolution has been further improved by comparison of several completed genomes, particularly those of deuterostomes and ecdysozoans. In contrast, evolution of NR ligands is still much debated. One hypothesis proposes that several independent gains and losses of ligand-binding ability in NRs occurred in protostomes and deuterostomes. A second hypothesis, pertaining to the NR3 subfamily (vertebrate steroid hormone receptors and estrogen related receptor), proposes that before the divergence of protostomes and deuterostomes, there was an ancestral steroid receptor (AncSR) that was ligand-activated and that orphan receptors secondarily lost the ability to bind a ligand. (...) Our analysis reveals that steroidogenesis has been independently elaborated in the 3 main bilaterian lineages (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000950
name: gracilis
namespace: uberon
def: "The most superficial muscle on the medial side of the thigh. It is thin and flattened, broad above, narrow and tapering below. It arises by a thin aponeurosis from the anterior margins of the lower half of the symphysis pubis and the upper half of the pubic arch." [Wikipedia:Gracilis_muscle]
comment: Editor's note: AAO has minor and major gracilis, which merge together, attaching the pelvic rim to the tibiofibula - this could be grouped with the mammalian gracilis at some level; note the current insertion site is 'tibia' which would be modified for amphibian tibiafibula
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gracilis muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000536]
synonym: "musculus gracilis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Gracilis_muscle]
xref: BTO:0000536
xref: FMA:43882
xref: MA:0002311
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7If8pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181689005
xref: UMLS:C0224439
xref: galen:Gracilis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Gracilis
is_a: UBERON:0004252  ! hindlimb stylopod muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011144  ! adductor muscle of hip
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001272 ! innominate bone
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0011914 ! pubioischiotibialis muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000951
name: rotator muscle of the vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "Any of a number of short transversospinal muscles chiefly developed in cervical, lumbar, and thoracic regions, arising from the transverse process of one vertebra and inserted into the root of the spinous process of the next two or three vertebrae above, with nerve supply from the dorsal branches of the spinal nerve, and whose actions rotate the vertebral column." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/rotator+muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "rotator muscle" EXACT [FMA:23081]
xref: FMA:23081
xref: SCTID:244872002
is_a: UBERON:0002324  ! muscle of back
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000952
name: obsolete adductor muscle
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0011144  ! adductor muscle of hip
consider: UBERON:0011145  ! adductor muscle
comment: obsoleted as it conflated a generic functional grouping with a specific group of muscles in the leg/hip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000953
name: obsolete visceral muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "involuntary non-striated muscle." [Wikipedia:Smooth_muscle]
is_obsolete: true
comment: terminological note: GO uses visceral and smooth interchangeably
synonym: "adult visceral muscle" RELATED []
synonym: "smooth muscle" EXACT []

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000954
name: obsolete intestine muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "intestinal muscle cell, attach to intestine and body wall anterior to anus" [WB:Paper00000653]
is_obsolete: true
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intestinal muscle" EXACT []

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000955
name: brain
namespace: uberon
def: "The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals.[1] Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell[WP]." [Wikipedia:Brain]
comment: include synganglion?
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "encephalon" RELATED [BTO:0000142]
synonym: "synganglion" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010478
xref: ABA:Brain
xref: BILA:0000135
xref: BTO:0000142
xref: EFO:0000302
xref: EHDAA2:0000183
xref: EHDAA:2641
xref: EHDAA:6485
xref: EMAPA:16894
xref: EV:0100164
xref: FBbt:00005095
xref: FMA:50801
xref: GAID:571
xref: MA:0000168
xref: MAT:0000098
xref: MESH:A08.186.211
xref: MIAA:0000098
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_796
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjT65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:258335003
xref: TAO:0000008
xref: UMLS:C0006104
xref: VHOG:0000157
xref: XAO:0000010
xref: ZFA:0000008
xref: galen:Brain
xref: ncithesaurus:Brain
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Cavitated compound organ which is comprised of gray and white matter and surrounds the cerebral ventricular system.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the central nervous system situated within the cranium and composed of both nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000956
name: cerebral cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The cerebral cortex is a structure within the brain that plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. It constitutes the outermost layer of the cerebrum. In preserved brains, it has a grey color, hence the name 'grey matter'. Grey matter is formed by neurons and their unmyelinated fibers, whereas the white matter below the grey matter of the cortex is formed predominantly by myelinated axons interconnecting different regions of the central nervous system. The human cerebral cortex is 2b4 mm (0.08b0.16 inches) thick. The surface of the cerebral cortex is folded in large mammals, such that more than two-thirds of the cortical surface is buried in the grooves, called 'sulci. ' The phylogenetically most recent part of the cerebral cortex, the neocortex, also called isocortex, is differentiated into six horizontal layers; the more ancient part of the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus (also called archicortex), has at most three cellular layers, and is divided into subfields. Relative variations in thickness or cell type (among other parameters) allow us to distinguish between different neocortical architectonic fields. The geometry of at least some of these fields seems to be related to the anatomy of the cortical folds, and, for example, layers in the upper part of the cortical ridges seem to be more clearly differentiated than in its deeper parts. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_cortex]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "brain cortex" RELATED [BTO:0000233]
synonym: "cortex cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_cortex]
synonym: "cortex of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT []
synonym: "pallium of the brain" RELATED [BTO:0000233]
xref: ABA:CTX
xref: BM:Tel-Cx
xref: BTO:0000233
xref: EFO:0000328
xref: EHDAA2:0000234
xref: EHDAA:5464
xref: EMAPA:17544
xref: EV:0100166
xref: FMA:61830
xref: GAID:629
xref: MA:0000185
xref: MAT:0000108
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213
xref: MIAA:0000108
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1494
xref: SCTID:362880003
xref: UMLS:C0007776
xref: VHOG:0000722
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Brainmaps-macaque-hippocampus.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Cerebral_Cortex_location.jpg/200px-Cerebral_Cortex_location.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004035 ! subplate
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005343 ! cortical plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000203 ! pallium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
property_value: homology_notes "Migration of neurons from the basal or striatal portions of the anterior part of the neural tube occurs to varying degrees in different vertebrate classes, but a true cerebral cortex is generally acknowledged to have made its first appearance in reptiles. The definition can be unambiguous, since 'cortex' simply implies the existence of a surface neuronal layer with an overlying 'zonal lamina' or 'molecular' layer containing dendrites and axons, which is separated from the underlying basal 'matrix' by white matter. Although reptilian cerebral cortex does indeed fulfill these conditions in certain locations, the separation from striatal structures is often indistinct, so that it may even be argued that some primitive dipnoans possess a pallium or cortex. Nevertheless, an extensive laminated layer separated by underlying white matter is well represented only in reptiles and mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000957
name: lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "Any thin layer or plate." [Wikipedia:Lamina_of_the_vertebral_arch]
comment: TODO - merge with cell layer?
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Laminaarcusvertebrae.png
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
property_value: has_relational_adjective "laminal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000958
name: medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "Middle part of an organ (as opposed to the cortex)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovary]
comment: This class is used in a very general sense
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: BM:Me
xref: FMA:61108
xref: galen:Medulla
is_a: UBERON:0000471  ! compound organ component
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001851 ! cortex
property_value: has_relational_adjective "medullary" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000959
name: optic chiasma
namespace: uberon
def: "Nerve trunk which is continuous with right and left optic nerves and right and left optic tracts.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm, ZFIN:curator]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "chiasma opticum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62045, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm]
synonym: "decussation of optic nerve fibers" EXACT []
synonym: "optic chiasm" EXACT [Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm]
xref: AAO:0010622
xref: BM:Tel-OCX
xref: EHDAA2:0001302
xref: EHDAA:10227
xref: EMAPA:17603
xref: FMA:62045
xref: GAID:832
xref: MA:0001098
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.680.600
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1416
xref: SCTID:244453006
xref: TAO:0000556
xref: UMLS:C0029126
xref: VHOG:0000190
xref: XAO:0004071
xref: ZFA:0000556
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/1543%2CVisalius%27OpticChiasma.jpg/200px-1543%2CVisalius%27OpticChiasma.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Chiasm
is_a: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: external_definition "The point at which fibers of the optic nerves cross.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The chiasm has been studied in great detail in some animals, while in others relatively little or nothing is known. Although there are some gross architectural features that are conserved within some animals, such as birds and fish, the general picture is one of diversity. This review will attempt to consider the key features of such diversity of chiasmatic organisation in vertebrates and the mechanisms that sculpt them from the limited literature that is available. However, as so much research has been undertaken on the structure and development of the chiasm in laboratory animals, any review must consider the information that has been gleaned from them and hope that future studies will determine whether the features revealed in these animals, and the underlying mechanisms that generate them, have a common vertebrate plan.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000960
name: obsolete pharyngeal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "OBSOLETE. Original definition: The pharyngeal nerve (pterygopalatine nerve) is a small branch arising from the posterior part of the pterygopalatine ganglion. It passes through the pharyngeal canal with the pharyngeal branch of the maxillary artery, and is distributed to the mucous membrane of the nasal part of the pharynx, behind the auditory tube. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_nerve]
is_obsolete: true
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray780.png/200px-Gray780.png

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000961
name: thoracic ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The thoracic ganglia are paravertebral ganglia. The thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk typically has 12 thoracic ganglia. Emerging from the ganglia are thoracic splancic nerves (the cardiopulmonary, the greater, lesser, and least splanchic nerves) that help provide sympathetic innervation to abdominal structures. Also, the ganglia of the thoracic sympathetic trunk have both white and gray rami communicantes. The white rami carry sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord into the sympathetic trunk. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_ganglion]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ganglion of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion thoracicum splanchnicum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6471, FMA:TA]
synonym: "thoracic paravertebral ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "thoracic splanchnic ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "thoracic sympathetic ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "thorax ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001831
xref: EHDAA:4664
xref: EMAPA:17158
xref: FMA:6471
xref: MA:0001159
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002012
xref: SCTID:181102004
xref: UMLS:C0229010
xref: VHOG:0000515
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gray849.png/200px-Gray849.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001807  ! paravertebral ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000962
name: nerve of cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "The cervical nerves are the spinal nerves from the cervical vertebrae. Although there are seven cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), there are eight cervical nerves (C1-C8). All nerves except C8 emerge above their corresponding vertebrae, while the C8 nerve emerges below the C7 vertebra. (In the other portions of the spine, the nerve emerges below the vertebra with the same name. Dorsal (posterior) distribution includes the greater occipital (C2) and third occipital (C3). Ventral (anterior) distribution includes the cervical plexus (C1-C4) and brachial plexus (C5-C8) [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_nerves]
comment: Innervates: sternohyoid muscle, sternothyroid muscle, omohyoid muscle[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cervical nerve" EXACT [FMA:5859]
synonym: "cervical nerve tree" EXACT []
synonym: "cervical spinal nerve" EXACT []
xref: FMA:5859
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090207
xref: SCTID:360497008
xref: UMLS:C0228815
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray795.png/200px-Gray795.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001780  ! spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000964
name: cornea
namespace: uberon
def: "transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Together with the lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power." [Wikipedia:Cornea]
comment: Taxon notes: Compared to terrestial animals, the cornea [of zebrafish] is relatively flat. It consists of nonpigmented, stratified squamous nonkeratinizing epithelial cells, attached to a thick basement membrane that is considered to be analogous to the Bowmanbs membrane in mammals
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cornea of camera-type eye" EXACT [GO:0061303]
synonym: "tunica cornea" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010344
xref: BTO:0000286
xref: EFO:0000377
xref: EHDAA2:0000316
xref: EHDAA:10199
xref: EMAPA:17161
xref: EV:0100341
xref: FMA:58238
xref: GAID:892
xref: MA:0000266
xref: MESH:A09.371.060.217
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViBa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181162001
xref: TAO:0000640
xref: UMLS:C0010031
xref: VHOG:0000164
xref: XAO:0000180
xref: ZFA:0000640
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cornea
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001773 ! sclera
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005427 ! corneal primordium
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010409 ! eye surface
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012430 ! tunica fibrosa of eyeball
property_value: has_relational_adjective "corneal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000965
name: lens of camera-type eye
namespace: uberon
def: "Transparent part of camera-type eye that helps to refract light to be focused on the retina." [Wikipedia:Lens_(anatomy)]
comment: Taxon notes: This class excludes compound eye corneal lenses.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "camera-type eye lens" EXACT [GO:0002088]
synonym: "crystalline lens" RELATED [BTO:0000723]
synonym: "eye lens" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "lens" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "lens crystallina" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lens_%28anatomy%29]
synonym: "ocular lens" RELATED [BTO:0000723]
xref: AAO:0010348
xref: BTO:0000723
xref: EHDAA:9057
xref: EMAPA:17838
xref: EV:0100343
xref: FMA:58241
xref: MA:0000275
xref: MAT:0000141
xref: MESH:A09.371.509
xref: MIAA:0000141
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj0fZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000975
xref: SCTID:181169005
xref: TAO:0000035
xref: UMLS:C0023317
xref: VHOG:0000169
xref: XAO:0000008
xref: ZFA:0000035
xref: ncithesaurus:Crystalline_Lens
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005389  ! transparent eye structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003073 ! lens placode
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball
property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000966
name: retina
namespace: uberon
def: "The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates." [Wikipedia:Retina, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Currently this class encompasses only verteberate AOs but could in theory also include cephalopod - we may want to make a more specific class for vertebrate retina. note that this class excludes ommatidial retinas, as the retina must be part of an eyeball. Use the parent class photoreceptor array / light-sensitive tissue for arthropods
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Netzhaut" RELATED [BTO:0001175]
synonym: "inner layer of eyeball" EXACT []
synonym: "retina of camera-type eye" EXACT [GO:0060041]
synonym: "tunica interna of eyeball" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010352
xref: BTO:0001175
xref: EFO:0000832
xref: EHDAA2:0001627
xref: EHDAA:4757
xref: EMAPA:17168
xref: EV:0100348
xref: FMA:58301
xref: GAID:755
xref: MA:0000276
xref: MAT:0000142
xref: MESH:A09.371.729
xref: MIAA:0000142
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1153
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1156
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViTfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181171005
xref: TAO:0000152
xref: UMLS:C0035298
xref: VHOG:0000229
xref: XAO:0000009
xref: ZFA:0000152
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png/200px-Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Retina
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005388  ! photoreceptor array
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003072 ! optic cup
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001802 ! posterior segment of eyeball
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6656
property_value: external_definition "The portion of the eye developing from the optic primordium and including the neural retina and the retinal pigment layer. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "retinal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000967
name: obsolete adult thoracic sensillum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "arthropod sensillum of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sensillum of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thoracic sensillum" EXACT []
synonym: "thorax arthropod sensillum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax sensillum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000968
name: obsolete adult abdominal sensillum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "abdomen arthropod sensillum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdomen sensillum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal sensillum" EXACT []
synonym: "arthropod sensillum of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sensillum of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000969
name: obsolete joint connecting hardened body parts
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000970
name: eye
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that detects light." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Eye, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye]
comment: Usage notes: This class encompasses a variety of light-detecting structures from different phyla with no implication of homology, from the compound insect eye to the vertebrate camera-type eye (distinct classes are provided for each). Structure notes: Note that whilst this is classified as an organ, it is in fact more of a unit composed of different structures: in Drosophila, it includes the interommatidial bristle as a part; we consider here the vertebrate eye to include the eyeball/eye proper as a part, with the eye having as parts (when present): eyelids, conjuctiva,
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "light-detecting organ" RELATED []
synonym: "photoreceptor" BROAD []
synonym: "visual apparatus" RELATED [EV:0100336]
xref: BILA:0000017
xref: BTO:0000439
xref: EFO:0000827
xref: EV:0100336
xref: FBbt:00005162
xref: GAID:69
xref: MAT:0000140
xref: MESH:A01.456.505.420
xref: MIAA:0000140
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002104 ! visual system
property_value: has_relational_adjective "optic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000973
name: obsolete labrum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000974
name: neck
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of body proper, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the cervical vertebral coumn, it is partially surrounded by skin of neck. Examples: There is only one neck[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Neck]
comment: Usage notes: true necks are considered to be present when the pectoral girdle is separate from the skull - Tiktaalik is the earliest known fish to have a true neck.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "collum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neck]
synonym: "neck (volume)" RELATED [FMA:7155]
xref: AEO:0000108
xref: BTO:0000420
xref: EFO:0000967
xref: EHDAA2:0003108
xref: FMA:7155
xref: GAID:86
xref: MA:0000024
xref: MAT:0000297
xref: MESH:A01.598
xref: MIAA:0000297
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302550007
xref: UMLS:C0027530
xref: galen:Neck
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Female_neck.jpg/200px-Female_neck.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Neck
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region
relationship: posteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:32443
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cervical" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000975
name: sternum
namespace: uberon
def: "A midventral endochondral skeletal element which represents the origin site of the pectoral muscles[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Sternum]
comment: Development notes: While its developmental origins are similar to the ribs (from the myospetum and septum of the trunk region), it is often associated with the pectoral skeleton, due to both function and physical connections (i.e. the coracoid of archosaurs). It may be a single element or a series of smaller structure (sternebrae). Based on Kardong 2012. [ad]. Editor note: in EMAPA and EHDAA2 this is part of the skeleton of pectoral girdle; the classic def of pectoral girdle (see WP) excludes the rib cage and sternum. Taxon notes: It probably first evolved in early tetrapods as an extension of the pectoral girdle; it is not found in fish. In amphibians and reptiles it is typically a shield-shaped structure, often composed entirely of cartilage. It is absent in both turtles and snakes. In birds it is a relatively large bone and typically bears an enormous projecting keel to which the flight muscles are attached. Only in mammals does the sternum take on the elongated, segmented form seen in humans. In some mammals, such as opossums, the individual segments never fuse and remain separated by cartilagenous plates throughout life[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "breastbone" RELATED [BTO:0001302]
synonym: "vertebrate sternum" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000765
xref: BTO:0001302
xref: EHDAA2:0001914
xref: EHDAA:9561
xref: EMAPA:18344
xref: FMA:7485
xref: GAID:246
xref: MA:0001331
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.904.766
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjO6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302522007
xref: UMLS:C0038293
xref: VHOG:0000856
xref: galen:Sternum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Illu_thoracic_cage.jpg/200px-Illu_thoracic_cage.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Sternum
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
is_a: UBERON:0010363  ! endochondral element
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003252 ! rib cage
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8570
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of postzonal element (AAO:0000938)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Single element that constitutes the postzonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "sternal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Fishes lack a sternum. (...) A sternum is absent in the first fossil tetrapods, but it is present in modern amphibians. (...) Thus, a sternum occurs in some modern amphibians, birds, mammals and archosaurs. However, its absence in the common ancestors to these groups means that it has arisen independently several times within the field of the midventral connective tissue.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000976
name: humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired endochondral long bone that extends between the pectoral girdle and the skeletal parts of the forelimb. [PHENOSCAPE:mah]" [AAO:0000679, PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Humerus]
comment: homologous to proximal metapterygial mesomere of pectoral appendage [Hall 2007]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "humeri" EXACT PLURAL [PHENOSCAPE:ad]
synonym: "humerus bone" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000679
xref: EFO:0001398
xref: EMAPA:18468
xref: EMAPA:19106
xref: FMA:13303
xref: GAID:183
xref: MA:0001356
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.412
xref: SCTID:181923006
xref: UMLS:C0020164
xref: VHOG:0001158
xref: XAO:0003210
xref: galen:Humerus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg/200px-Illu_upper_extremity.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Humerus
is_a: UBERON:0003607  ! forelimb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0004250  ! upper arm bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006245 ! humerus cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that extend from the pectoral girdle to the elbows.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "humeral" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000978
name: leg
namespace: uberon
def: "The portion of the hindlimb that contains both the stylopod and zeugopod." [Wikipedia:Leg#Limb]
comment: The term leg can mean: [1] an appendage on which an animal walks [2] the entire hindlimb of a tetrapod [3] the segment of a human leg between knee and ankle (cf FMA) [4] the region of a hindlimb include the stylopod and zeugopod, but excluding the autopod. We define this class as [4], and thus 'leg' is compltely analagous to 'arm'. For [1], see the class 'locomotive weight-bearing appendage'. For [2] we use 'hindlimb'. For [3] we use the less open to misinterpretation 'hindlimb zeugopod'.  Editor note: currently declared as overlapping foot, as AOs disagree over whether some ankle parts are in the leg or foot
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lower extremity" RELATED [MESH:A01.378.610]
synonym: "tetrapod leg" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000721
xref: EFO:0001411
xref: EHDAA2:0000972
xref: EHDAA:5151
xref: EHDAA:6176
xref: EHDAA:8289
xref: EMAPA:17489
xref: GAID:49
xref: MA:0000047
xref: MESH:A01.378.610
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViYzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: VHOG:0000345
is_a: UBERON:0006058  ! multi-limb segment region
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001464 ! hip
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000979
name: tibia
namespace: uberon
def: "The major preaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Tibia]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "shankbone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tibia]
synonym: "shinbone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tibia]
xref: AAO:0000890
xref: BTO:0001252
xref: EFO:0003054
xref: EMAPA:19142
xref: FMA:24476
xref: GAID:204
xref: MA:0001361
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.883
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtq3-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182061009
xref: UMLS:C0040184
xref: galen:Tibia
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Gray260.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gray260.png/200px-Gray260.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tibia
is_a: UBERON:0003608  ! hindlimb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0004251  ! hindlimb zeugopod bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010849 ! tibia cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
property_value: external_definition "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the hind-epipodium; it is a straight, simple bone whose section is more or less rectangular at the ends and circular at its central portion.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000980
name: trochanter
namespace: uberon
def: "bony prominences near the upper extremity of the femur; there are two in human (greater and lesser trochanters) and three in many other mammalian species (greater, lesser and third); these normally serve as attachment points for hip and thigh muscles[MP]" [Wikipedia:Trochanter]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "femoral trochanter" EXACT [AAO:0000897]
synonym: "trochanter of femur" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000897
xref: FMA:82513
xref: MA:0002821
xref: SCTID:182047004
xref: UMLS:C0162370
xref: ncithesaurus:Trochanter
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
property_value: external_definition "Process on the ventral surface of the shaft of the femur.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000981
name: femur
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium skeleton.[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0000186, Wikipedia:Femur]
comment: homologous to proximal metapterygial mesomere of pelvic appendage [Hall 2007].
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "femoral bone" RELATED [BTO:0001284]
synonym: "os femorale" RELATED [BTO:0001284]
synonym: "os femoris" RELATED [BTO:0001284]
synonym: "os femoris, os longissimum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femur]
synonym: "thigh bone" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000889
xref: BTO:0001284
xref: EFO:0001396
xref: EMAPA:18514
xref: EMAPA:19143
xref: FMA:9611
xref: GAID:199
xref: MA:0001359
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.247
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjOJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182046008
xref: UMLS:C0015811
xref: VHOG:0001159
xref: VSAO:0000186
xref: XAO:0003214
xref: galen:Femur
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Gray252.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gray252.png/200px-Gray252.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Femur
is_a: UBERON:0003608  ! hindlimb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0003826  ! upper leg bone
is_a: UBERON:0008202  ! bone of hip region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010129 ! femur cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that form the thighs, extending from the pelvic girdles to the knees.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "femoral" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000982
name: skeletal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000101, Wikipedia:Joint]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "articular joint" RELATED [BTO:0001686]
synonym: "articulation" BROAD [VSAO:0000101]
synonym: "joint" BROAD [FMA:7490, VSAO:0000101]
xref: AEO:0000182
xref: BTO:0001686
xref: EFO:0000948
xref: FMA:7490
xref: GAID:102
xref: MA:0000319
xref: MAT:0000188
xref: MESH:A02.835.583
xref: MIAA:0000188
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003182
xref: SCTID:302536002
xref: TAO:0000367
xref: UMLS:C0022417
xref: VHOG:0001276
xref: VSAO:0000101
xref: XAO:0000171
xref: ZFA:0001596
xref: galen:Joint
xref: ncithesaurus:Joint
is_a: UBERON:0004905  ! articulation
relationship: connects UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004770 ! articular system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
union_of: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
union_of: UBERON:0011134  ! nonsynovial joint
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster which consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000983
name: metatarsus region
namespace: uberon
def: "A metapodium region that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note that mammalian and non-mammalian AOs differ in whether they consider this a part of the skeleton
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hind metapodium" EXACT [AAO:0000221, MA:th, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/metapodial]
synonym: "metatarsal part of foot" EXACT [FMA:24997]
synonym: "metatarsal region" EXACT [FMA:24997]
synonym: "metatarsus" RELATED [MA:0000049]
synonym: "regio metatarsalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24997, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:24997
xref: MA:0000049
xref: SCTID:280711000
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
is_a: UBERON:0009877  ! metapodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012142 ! pedal digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0009877  ! metapodium region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000985
name: axillary vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the axillary vein is a large blood vessel that conveys blood from the lateral aspect of the thorax, axilla (armpit) and upper limb toward the heart. There is one axillary vein on each side of the body. Its origin is at the lower margin of the teres major muscle and a continuation of the brachial vein. Its tributaries include the basilic vein and cephalic vein, which are both superficial veins. It terminates at the lateral margin of the first rib, at which it becomes the subclavian vein. It is accompanied along its course by a similarly named artery, the axillary artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Axillary_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "subcostal vein" RELATED []
synonym: "vena axillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_vein]
xref: EMAPA:18758
xref: FMA:13329
xref: GAID:527
xref: MA:0002084
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.077
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwLSHK5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181389002
xref: UMLS:C0004456
xref: galen:AxillaryVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray576.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/200px-Gray576.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Axillary_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003233  ! epithelium of shoulder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000988
name: pons
namespace: uberon
def: "Brainstrem structure that has as its parts the pontine tegmentum and basal part of pons[FMA]." [FMA:67943, Wikipedia:Pons]
comment: The pons is not present in zebrafish. In this ontology we currently have some structures which are applicable to zebrafish appearing as parts of the pons. Currently we only include the weaker dubious_for_taxon relationship ubtil this is resolved
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pons Varolii" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Pons_Varolii]
synonym: "pons of Varolius" EXACT []
xref: ABA:P
xref: BM:Pons
xref: BTO:0001101
xref: EFO:0001394
xref: EHDAA2:0004394
xref: EMAPA:17563
xref: EV:0100253
xref: FMA:67943
xref: GAID:578
xref: MA:0000204
xref: MAT:0000115
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.600
xref: MIAA:0000115
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_733
xref: SCTID:279103004
xref: UMLS:C0032639
xref: VHOG:0001176
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray768.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Gray768.png/200px-Gray768.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pons_Varolii
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001896
property_value: external_definition "The part of the central nervous system lying between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain, ventral to the cerebellum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "During the embryonic development of birds and mammals, neuroblasts migrate from the cerebellum into the ventral part of the rhombencephalon and differentiate into pontine and other nuclei, which relay information from between the cerebrum and cerebellum, and a conspicuous band of transverse fibers. This region is known as the pons. A pons does not differentiate in reptiles and anamniotes (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000989
name: penis
namespace: uberon
def: "The penis (plural penises, penes) is an external sexual organ of certain biologically male organisms, in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The penis is a reproductive organ, technically an intromittent organ, and for placental mammals, additionally serves as the external organ of urination. The penis is generally found on mammals and reptiles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Penis]
comment: Most male birds (e.g., roosters and turkeys) have a cloaca (also present on the female), but not a penis. Among bird species with a penis are paleognathes (tinamous and ratites), Anatidae (ducks, geese and swans), and a very few other species (such as flamingoes). A bird penis is different in structure from mammal penises, being an erectile expansion of the cloacal wall and being erected by lymph, not blood. It is usually partially feathered and in some species features spines and brush-like filaments, and in flaccid state curls up inside the cloaca[WP]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "phallus" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000405
xref: EFO:0000987
xref: EHDAA2:0001433
xref: EHDAA:9380
xref: EMAPA:18682
xref: EMAPA:18996
xref: EV:0100107
xref: FMA:9707
xref: GAID:389
xref: MA:0000408
xref: MAT:0000186
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.492
xref: MIAA:0000186
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjkCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:265793009
xref: UMLS:C0030851
xref: VHOG:0000727
xref: galen:Penis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Labelled_flaccid_penis.jpg/200px-Labelled_flaccid_penis.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Penis
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008811  ! intromittent organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 ! urogenital ridge
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005876 ! undifferentiated genital tubercle
property_value: has_relational_adjective "penile" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "phallic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000990
name: reproductive system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction." [Wikipedia:Reproductive_system]
comment: Editor notes: consider splitting genitalia from reproductive system
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Geschlechtsorgan" RELATED [BTO:0000081]
synonym: "animal reproductive system" RELATED [BTO:0000081]
synonym: "genital system" RELATED []
synonym: "genitalia" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "organa genitalia" RELATED [BTO:0000081]
synonym: "reproductive tissue" RELATED [BTO:0000081]
synonym: "systemata genitalia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Reproductive_system]
xref: AAO:0010258
xref: BILA:0000103
xref: BTO:0000081
xref: EFO:0000809
xref: EHDAA2:0001603
xref: EHDAA:5923
xref: EMAPA:17381
xref: EV:0100100
xref: FBbt:00004857
xref: FMA:7160
xref: GAID:363
xref: HAO:0000374
xref: HAO:0000895
xref: MA:0000326
xref: MIAA:0000305
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVja4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278875001
xref: TAO:0000632
xref: UMLS:C1261210
xref: VHOG:0000182
xref: WBbt:0005747
xref: XAO:0000142
xref: ZFA:0000632
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Penis.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Penis.svg/200px-Penis.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Reproductive_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001004  ! respiratory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001007  ! digestive system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001008  ! excretory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009  ! circulatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016  ! nervous system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033  ! gustatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204  ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues associated with sexual reproduction of the organism.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Arguably, one of the most important aspects of urbilaterian organogenesis would have been gonadogenesis, since Urbilateria must have successfully generated gametes and developed a strategy for extrusion and fertilization, in order to be the ancestor of all living Bilateria.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000991
name: gonad
namespace: uberon
def: "Reproductive organ that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis)." [ISBN:0140512888, Wikipedia:Gonad, ZFA:0000413, ZFIN:curator]
comment: FMA xref is a 'general anatomical term'
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "gonada" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000213
xref: BILA:0000123
xref: BTO:0000534
xref: EMAPA:16857
xref: EMAPA:17383
xref: FBbt:00004858
xref: FMA:18250
xref: GAID:368
xref: HAO:0000379
xref: MA:0002420
xref: MESH:A05.360.576
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQvdiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:304623008
xref: TAO:0000413
xref: UMLS:C0018067
xref: VHOG:0000397
xref: WBbt:0005175
xref: XAO:0003146
xref: ZFA:0000413
xref: ncithesaurus:Gonad
is_a: UBERON:0003133  ! reproductive organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005564 ! gonad primordium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which produces gametes as well as certain sex hormones controlled by the pituitary gonadotropins.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The part of the reproductive system that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis).[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "gonadal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000992
name: female gonad
namespace: uberon
def: "Ovum-producing female reproductive organ." [Wikipedia:Ovary]
comment: Ovaries of some kind are found in the female reproductive system of many animals that employ sexual reproduction, including invertebrates. However, they develop in a very different way in most invertebrates than they do in vertebrates, and are not truly homologous. Many of the features found in human ovaries are common to all vertebrates, including the presence of follicular cells, tunica albuginea, and so on. However, many species produce a far greater number of eggs during their lifetime than do humans, so that, in fish and amphibians, there may be hundreds, or even millions of fertile eggs present in the ovary at any given time. In these species, fresh eggs may be developing from the germinal epithelium throughout life. Corpora lutea are found only in mammals, and in some elasmobranch fish; in other species, the remnants of the follicle are quickly resorbed by the ovary. In birds, reptiles, and monotremes, the egg is relatively large, filling the follicle, and distorting the shape of the ovary at maturity. Amphibians and reptiles have no ovarian medulla; the central part of the ovary is a hollow, lymph-filled space. The ovary of teleosts is also often hollow, but in this case, the eggs are shed into the cavity, which opens into the oviduct. Although most normal female vertebrates have two ovaries, this is not the case in all species. In birds and platypuses, the right ovary never matures, so that only the left is functional. In some elasmobranchs, the reverse is true, with only the right ovary fully developing. In the primitive jawless fish, and some teleosts, there is only one ovary, formed by the fusion of the paired organs in the embryo[WP].
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "female organism genitalia gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female organism genitalia gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female organism reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female organism reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "genitalia of female organism gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "genitalia of female organism gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of female organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of female organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of genitalia of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of reproductive system of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of female organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of female organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of genitalia of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of reproductive system of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ovaries" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "ovarium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ovary]
synonym: "ovary" EXACT []
synonym: "ovum-producing ovary" EXACT SENSU [GO:0061039]
synonym: "reproductive system of female organism gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reproductive system of female organism gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000371
xref: BILA:0000125
xref: BTO:0000975
xref: EFO:0000973
xref: EHDAA2:0001360
xref: EHDAA:8124
xref: EMAPA:17962
xref: EV:0100111
xref: FBbt:00004865
xref: FMA:7209
xref: GAID:367
xref: MA:0000384
xref: MESH:A05.360.319.114.630
xref: MIAA:0000125
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi9QJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181464007
xref: TAO:0000403
xref: UMLS:C0029939
xref: VHOG:0000251
xref: XAO:0000258
xref: ZFA:0000403
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray589.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ovary
is_a: UBERON:0000991  ! gonad
is_a: UBERON:0003134  ! female reproductive organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000991  ! gonad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0009117  ! indifferent gonad
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass gonad (TAO:0000413) CHANGED TO: develops_from gonad (UBERON:0000991)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Either of paired female reproductive organs involved in production of ova and female sex hormones.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Female reproductive organ.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ovarian" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) while it is likely that Urbilateria lacked a complex somatic reproductive system, it is at present impossible to speculate on whether or not it possessed a true gonad, let alone any other somatic adaptations for reproduction (reference 1); Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved (reference 2).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000993
name: oviduct
namespace: uberon
def: "passage from the ovaries to the outside of the body[Wikipedia:Oviduct]." [Wikipedia:Oviduct]
comment: Usage notes: sometimes oviduct is used interchangeably with follaopian tube. Here they are different - the oviduct connects the gonad to the outside in a variety of animals. The mammal-class fallopian tube is derived from the mullerian duct and connects the gonads to the uterus. Taxon notes: in birds divided into infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus, and vagina
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "tuba uterina" RELATED [BTO:0000980]
synonym: "tuba uterinae" RELATED [BTO:0000980]
synonym: "uterine tube" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010533
xref: BTO:0000980
xref: EFO:0000974
xref: EMAPA:18984
xref: GAID:366
xref: MAT:0000126
xref: MESH:A13.706
xref: MIAA:0000126
xref: TAO:0000560
xref: UMLS:C0029954
xref: VHOG:0001136
xref: XAO:0003052
xref: ZFA:0000560
xref: ncithesaurus:Oviduct
is_a: UBERON:0000025  ! tube
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
relationship: connects UBERON:0013514 ! space surrounding organism
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
property_value: external_definition "A passage through which ova leave the maternal body or pass to an organ communicating with the exterior of the body. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In all remaining vertebrates (i.e., coelacanths, lungfishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals), the oviduct arises in ontogeny as a longitudinal, groovelike invagination of the coelomic epithelium on the lateral surface of the mesonephros.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000994
name: spermathecum
namespace: uberon
def: "an organ of the female reproductive tract in insects, some molluscs, oligochaeta worms and certain other invertebrates and vertebrates.[1] Its purpose is to receive and store sperm from the male, and can sometimes be the site of fertilization when the oocytes are ready.[2] Some species have multiple spermathecae, as seen in earthworms, where four pairs of spermathecae are present. One pair in 6,7,8 and 9 segments. They receive and store the spermatozoa of another earthworm during copulation.[3] They are lined with epithelium and are variable in shape; some are thin, heavily coiled tubes, others are vague outpocketings from the main reproductive tract. It is one of the many variations in sexual reproduction[WP]. an accordion-like tube that contains sperm and is the site of oocyte fertilization." [Wikipedia:Spermatheca]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "receptaculum seminis" RELATED [BTO:0001273]
synonym: "seminal receptacle" RELATED []
synonym: "spermatheca" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: BTO:0001273
xref: EFO:0000977
xref: FBbt:00004921
xref: HAO:0000945
xref: MAT:0000168
xref: MIAA:0000168
xref: TGMA:0000560
xref: WBbt:0005319
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000996
name: vagina
namespace: uberon
def: "a fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles[WP]." [FMA:19949, Wikipedia:Vagina]
comment: Taxon notes (via vHOG): \"The distal end of the oviducts differentiates as a vagina in Metatheria and Eutheria.\" Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.688
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "distal oviductal region" RELATED []
synonym: "distal portion of oviduct" RELATED []
synonym: "vaginae" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: BTO:0000243
xref: EFO:0000976
xref: EMAPA:18986
xref: EV:0100117
xref: FMA:19949
xref: GAID:381
xref: MA:0000394
xref: MAT:0000128
xref: MESH:A05.360.319.779
xref: MIAA:0000128
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj1B5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181441005
xref: UMLS:C0042232
xref: VHOG:0001138
xref: galen:Vagina
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Illu_repdt_female.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Vaginal_opening_-_english_description.jpg/200px-Vaginal_opening_-_english_description.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Vagina
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0013515  ! subdivision of uterine tube
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003975 ! internal female genitalia
property_value: external_definition "Organ with organ cavity which connects the cervical canal of uterus to the vestibule of vagina.[FMA]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The genital canal in the female, leading from the opening of the vulva to the cervix of the uterus. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "vaginal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The distal end of the oviducts differentiates as a vagina in Metatheria and Eutheria.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000998
name: seminal vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Either of a pair of glandular pouches that lie one on either side of the male reproductive tract and in the human male secrete a sugar- and protein-containing fluid into the ejaculatory duct." [BTO:0001234, Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle]
comment: Function notes: The seminal vesicles secrete a significant proportion of the fluid that ultimately becomes semen. Lipofuscin granules from dead epithelial cells give the secretion its yellowish color. About 50-70%[2] of the seminal fluid in humans originates from the seminal vesicles, but is not expelled in the first ejaculate fractions which are dominated by spermatozoa and zinc-rich prostatic fluid.
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "glandula seminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001234]
synonym: "glandula vesiculosa" RELATED [BTO:0001234]
synonym: "gon_male_sves" RELATED []
synonym: "seminal gland" BROAD []
synonym: "vas efferens" RELATED []
synonym: "vesicul%c3%a6 seminales" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle]
synonym: "vesiculCB& seminales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle]
synonym: "vesicula seminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001234, Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle]
synonym: "vesiculae seminales" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle]
synonym: "vesicular gland" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle]
synonym: "vesicular glands" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle]
synonym: "vesicular seminalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle]
xref: AAO:0010788
xref: BTO:0001234
xref: EFO:0000986
xref: EMAPA:19180
xref: EV:0100106
xref: FMA:19386
xref: GAID:394
xref: MA:0000410
xref: MAT:0000171
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.713
xref: MIAA:0000171
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwTtRpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181434004
xref: UMLS:C0036628
xref: VHOG:0001379
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Male_anatomy_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Male_anatomy_en.svg/200px-Male_anatomy_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Seminal_Vesicle
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006868  ! seminal fluid secreting gland
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis
relationship: secretes UBERON:0010143 ! seminal vesicle fluid
property_value: external_definition "Either of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (In mammalian testis) Along the way (the sperm travel), three accessory sex glands, the seminal vesicle, prostate, and bulbourethral (Cowper's) gland, respectively, add their secretions as sperm move from the testes to the urethra.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0000999
name: ejaculatory duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The Ejaculatory ducts (ductus ejaculatorii) are paired structures in male anatomy, about 2 cm in length. Each ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle. They pass through the prostate, and empty into the urethra at the Colliculus seminalis. During ejaculation, semen passes through the ducts and exits the body via the penis[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ejaculatory_duct]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ductus ejaculatorii" EXACT PLURAL [BTO:0001580, Wikipedia:Ejaculatory_duct]
synonym: "ductus ejaculatorius" EXACT [BTO:0001580]
xref: BTO:0001580
xref: EFO:0000985
xref: EMAPA:19088
xref: FMA:19325
xref: GAID:388
xref: MAT:0000170
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.251
xref: MIAA:0000170
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOt7MJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:279665005
xref: UMLS:C0013747
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Male_anatomy.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Male_anatomy.png/200px-Male_anatomy.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ejaculatory_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0005904  ! duct of male reproductive system
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001968 ! semen
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0010143 ! seminal vesicle fluid
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001000
name: vas deferens
namespace: uberon
def: "duct that transports sperm from the testis. In mammals this is from the epididymis." [Wikipedia:Vas_deferens]
comment: Taxon notes (from WP): Most vertebrates have some form of duct to transfer the sperm from the testes to the urethra. In cartilaginous fish and amphibians, sperm is carried through the archinephric duct, which also partially helps to transport urine from the kidneys. In teleosts, there is a distinct sperm duct, separate from the ureters, and often called the vas deferens, although probably not truly homologous with that in humans. In cartilaginous fishes, the part of the archinephric duct closest to the testis is coiled up to form an epididymis. Below this are a number of small glands secreting components of the seminal fluid. The final portion of the duct also receives ducts from the kidneys in most species. In amniotes, however, the archinephric duct has become a true vas deferens, and is used only for conducting sperm, never urine. As in cartilaginous fish, the upper part of the duct forms the epididymis. In many species, the vas deferens ends in a small sac for storing sperm. The only vertebrates to lack any structure resembling a vas deferens are the primitive jawless fishes, which release sperm directly into the body cavity, and then into the surrounding water through a simple opening in the body wall.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "deferent duct" EXACT []
synonym: "ductus deferens" EXACT [Wikipedia:Vas_deferens]
synonym: "sperm duct" RELATED []
synonym: "vas deferen" EXACT []
synonym: "vasa deferentia" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001427
xref: EFO:0000981
xref: EMAPA:18681
xref: EV:0100105
xref: FMA:19234
xref: GAID:404
xref: MA:0000413
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.930
xref: MIAA:0000129
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvjv7bpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245467009
xref: UMLS:C0042360
xref: VHOG:0001135
xref: galen:VasDeferens
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Male_anatomy_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Male_anatomy_en.svg/200px-Male_anatomy_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vas_Deferens
is_a: UBERON:0005904  ! duct of male reproductive system
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001968 ! semen
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005352 ! spermatic cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006947 ! male genital duct
property_value: homology_notes "The continuation of the archinephric duct, now called the deferent duct, extends caudally to the cloaca or to the part of the mammalian urethra that is derived from the cloaca.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001002
name: cuticle
namespace: uberon
def: "tough but flexible, non-mineral outer coverings of an organism, or parts of an organism, that provide protection. Cuticles are non-homologous, differing in their origin, structure and chemical composition[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cuticle, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3348965&group_id=36855&atid=440764]
comment: TODO - check cuticle vs exoskeleton. Note that GO has a very generic definition of cuticle. See also arthropod-anatomy ontology. Note in ncit Cuticle is a plant part
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cuticula" RELATED [BTO:0001600]
xref: BTO:0001600
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004882  ! eponychium
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cuticular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001003
name: epidermis
namespace: uberon
def: "The outer layer of the skin[WP]. cellular, multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm[ZFA]." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Epidermis_(skin)]
comment: Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present. In terrestrial vertebrates the epidermis often forms an outer keratinized or cornified layer, the stratum corneum. Interaction between the epideris and dermis gives rise to feathers (birds), hair and mammary glands (mammals), teeth and scales (placoid: chondrichthyans; cosmoids, ganoid, cycloid in bony fishes).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "adult epidermis" EXACT []
synonym: "skin" BROAD []
synonym: "vertebrate epidermis" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000143
xref: BTO:0000404
xref: EFO:0000954
xref: EV:0100153
xref: FMA:70596
xref: GAID:932
xref: MA:0000153
xref: MAT:0000154
xref: MESH:A10.272.497
xref: MIAA:0000154
xref: SCTID:361694003
xref: TAO:0000105
xref: UMLS:C0014520
xref: VHOG:0000077
xref: XAO:0000028
xref: ZFA:0000105
xref: ncithesaurus:Epidermis
is_a: UBERON:0007376  ! outer epithelial layer
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0003055 ! periderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007383 ! enveloping layer of ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass external integument structures (AAO:0000961)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A cellular, multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm. Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present.  Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The outer epithelial layer of the external integument of the body that is derived from the embryonic epiblast.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epidermal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) outer epithelia in all metazoan animals are homologous. (...) The ancestor of all metazoans likely had an epidermis with a basal extracellular matrix (ECM), an apical extracellular glycocalyx, and one cilium with a striated rootlet per cell.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001004
name: respiratory system
namespace: uberon
def: "Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration." [Wikipedia:Respiratory_system]
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Atmungssystem" RELATED [BTO:0000203]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius" EXACT []
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius " RELATED [BTO:0000203]
synonym: "respiratory system" EXACT []
synonym: "systema respiratorium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Respiratory_system]
xref: AAO:0000541
xref: BTO:0000203
xref: EFO:0000804
xref: EHDAA2:0001604
xref: EHDAA:2203
xref: EMAPA:16727
xref: EV:0100036
xref: FMA:7158
xref: GAID:78
xref: MA:0000327
xref: MAT:0000030
xref: MESH:A04
xref: MIAA:0000030
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278197002
xref: TAO:0000272
xref: UMLS:C0035237
xref: VHOG:0000202
xref: XAO:0000117
xref: ZFA:0000272
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Respiratory_system_complete_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Respiratory_system_complete_en.svg/200px-Respiratory_system_complete_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001007  ! digestive system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001008  ! excretory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009  ! circulatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016  ! nervous system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033  ! gustatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204  ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:147099
property_value: external_definition "The anatomical system in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the organism and its environment.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "There is no doubt that the primitive pattern of vertebrate air-breathing is the buccal pulse pump found in actinopterygian fishes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001005
name: respiratory airway
namespace: uberon
def: "An airway through which respiratory air passes in organisms." [Wikipedia:Trachea]
comment: This class generically groups trachea and analagous structures throughout metazoa. Consider renaming, as the term could be taken to mean lumen of tracheal system (e.g. in SNOMED)
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: SCTID:361380005
is_a: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001006
name: obsolete spiracle
namespace: uberon
def: "OBSOLETE: The mostly slit-like opening on the body surface through which air is taken into the respiratory system." [ISBN:3110148986, Wikipedia:Spiracle]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0010019  ! spiracle
comment: This class was obsoleted as it grouped together disparate classes. For the fish structure, see UBERON:0010019. The arthropod structure will presumably be added to the arthropod anatomy
synonym: "open tracheal system spiracle" NARROW [GO:0035277]
synonym: "spiracle of open tracheal system" NARROW [GO:0035277]
synonym: "spiracular gland" RELATED []
xref: EFO:0000936
xref: MAT:0000208
xref: MIAA:0000208

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001007
name: digestive system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes." [FB:gg, NLM:alimentary+system, Wikipedia:Digestive_system,]
comment: note that many anatomy ontologies consider gastrointestinal system synonymous with digestive system. here we follow MA in dividing digestive system into gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary. hepatobiliary includes the liver and biliary tract. species-specific AO classes are categorized according to whether liver is included. For example, XAO includes liver as part of XAO:0000125 alimentary system, so we assume this class is the more generic class
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "alimentary system" RELATED []
synonym: "alimentary tract" RELATED []
synonym: "gastrointestinal system" RELATED []
synonym: "gut" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000129
xref: BILA:0000082
xref: BTO:0000058
xref: EFO:0000793
xref: EV:0100056
xref: FBbt:00005055
xref: FMA:7152
xref: GAID:278
xref: MA:0002431
xref: MAT:0000018
xref: MESH:A03
xref: MIAA:0000018
xref: SCTID:278859004
xref: TADS:0000170
xref: TAO:0000339
xref: WBbt:0005748
xref: XAO:0000125
xref: ZFA:0000339
xref: galen:DigestiveSystem
xref: ncithesaurus:Digestive_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001008  ! excretory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009  ! circulatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016  ! nervous system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033  ! gustatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204  ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: external_definition "An anatomical system consisting of the alimentary canal and digestive glands responsible for intake, absorption, digestion and excretion of food.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "digestive" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001008
name: excretory system
namespace: uberon
def: "The excretory system is the system of an organism that mainly performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes. It is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by the processes that maintain homeostasis." [BILA:0000015, Wikipedia:Excretory_system]
comment: In various sources such as Encyclopedia Britannica, the excretory and urinary systems are indeed the same system (see wikipedia talk page); we merge two BTO classes here
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "renal or urinary system" RELATED [EHDAA:5901]
synonym: "renal system" EXACT [GO:0001977]
synonym: "renal/urinary system" RELATED []
synonym: "systema urinaria" EXACT [FMA:7159]
synonym: "systema urinarium" EXACT [BTO:0003092]
synonym: "urinary system" EXACT []
synonym: "urinary tract" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010257
xref: BILA:0000015
xref: BTO:0001244
xref: BTO:0003092
xref: EFO:0000803
xref: EHDAA2:0001601
xref: EHDAA:5901
xref: EMAPA:17366
xref: EV:0100095
xref: FBbt:00005056
xref: FMA:7159
xref: GAID:391
xref: MA:0000325
xref: MAT:0000027
xref: MESH:A05.810
xref: MIAA:0000027
xref: SCTID:362204003
xref: TADS:0000162
xref: TAO:0000163
xref: UMLS:C1508753
xref: VHOG:0000723
xref: WBbt:0005736
xref: XAO:0000143
xref: ZFA:0000163
xref: galen:UrinaryTract
xref: ncithesaurus:Urinary_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009  ! circulatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016  ! nervous system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033  ! gustatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204  ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:110815
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:147099
property_value: external_definition "An anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues which produce, store, and excrete urine.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Evolution of vertebrate renal anatomy appears quite conservative when compared, for example, to evolution of respiratory and cardiovascular systems in vertebrates. Major anatomical changes in vertebrates kidneys separate those of birds and mammals from kidneys of lower vertebrates. General increase in animal size from fish to mammals is reflected by an increase in total number of nephrons per kidney, rather than by constant change in tubular dimensions.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001009
name: circulatory system
namespace: uberon
def: "organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Circulatory_system]
comment: the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system are parts of the circulatory system
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "systema cardiovasculare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Circulatory_system]
xref: AAO:0000959
xref: FBbt:00005057
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: VHOG:0001248
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg/200px-Circulatory_System_en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016  ! nervous system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033  ! gustatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204  ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:147099
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6073
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6157
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system of ion binding, a pumping mechanism, and an efficient vascular system; consisting of the blood, heart, and blood and lymph vessels, respectively.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We should divest ourselves of the view that earlier vertebrate groups were 'on their way' to becoming mammals, as clearly they were not such visionaries. Neither were their systems 'imperfect' as earlier anatomists thought. Instead, their circulatory systems served them well to address the ecological demands arising from their lifestyles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001010
name: diaphysis of ulna
namespace: uberon
def: "The body of the ulna at its upper part is prismatic in form, and curved so as to be convex behind and lateralward; its central part is straight; its lower part is rounded, smooth, and bent a little lateralward. It tapers gradually from above downward, and has three borders and three surfaces." [Wikipedia:Body_of_ulna]
synonym: "body of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33760]
synonym: "corpus ulnae" EXACT [FMA:33760]
synonym: "shaft of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33760, Wikipedia:Body_of_ulna]
synonym: "supinator crest" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_ulna]
synonym: "ulnar diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33760]
xref: FMA:33760
xref: SCTID:302520004
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
intersection_of: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001011
name: hemolymph
namespace: uberon
def: "Blood analogue used by all arthropods and most mollusks that have an open circulatory system. In these animals there is no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid. The liquid fills all of the interior (the hemocoel) of the body and surrounds all cells." [Wikipedia:Hemolymph]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "haemolymph" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000572
xref: FBbt:00005061
xref: GAID:1220
xref: MAT:0000054
xref: MESH:A13.453
xref: MIAA:0000054
xref: TGMA:0000000
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001012
name: head of radius
namespace: uberon
def: "The head of the radius has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the capitulum (or capitellum) of the humerus. The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the radial notch of the ulna, narrow in the rest of its extent, which is embraced by the annular ligament. The deepest point in the fovea is not axi-symmetric with the long axis of the radius, creating a cam effect during pronation and supination[WP]." [Wikipedia:Head_of_radius]
synonym: "caput radii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_radius]
synonym: "radial head" EXACT [FMA:33773]
xref: FMA:33773
xref: SCTID:181941003
xref: galen:HeadOfRadius
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Gray214.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004413 ! proximal epiphysis of radius

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001013
name: adipose tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Connective tissue composed of adipocytes." [Wikipedia:Adipose_tissue]
comment: Note in FMA this is dense irregular connective tissue. Taxon notes: n humans, adipose tissue is located beneath the skin (subcutaneous fat), around internal organs (visceral fat), in bone marrow (yellow bone marrow) and in breast tissue. Adipose tissue is found in specific locations, which are referred to as adipose depots. Adipose tissue contains several cell types, with the highest percentage of cells being adipocytes, which contain fat droplets. Other cell types include fibroblasts, macrophages, and endothelial cells. Adipose tissue contains many small blood vessels.; Mice have eight major adipose depots, four of which are within the abdominal cavity. The paired gonadal depots are attached to the uterus and ovaries in females and the epididymis and testes in males; the paired retroperitoneal depots are found along the dorsal wall of the abdomen, surrounding the kidney, and, when massive, extend into the pelvis. The mesenteric depot forms a glue-like web that supports the intestines, and the omental depot, which originates near the stomach and spleen, and, when massive, extends into the ventral abdomen.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "adipose" RELATED [BTO:0001487]
synonym: "bodyfat" RELATED [BTO:0001487]
synonym: "fat" EXACT [MA:0000009]
synonym: "fat tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "fatty depot" RELATED []
synonym: "fatty tissue" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000001
xref: AEO:000020
xref: BTO:0001487
xref: EFO:0000234
xref: EFO:0000790
xref: EHDAA2:0003120
xref: EV:0100381
xref: FMA:20110
xref: GAID:920
xref: MA:0000009
xref: MAT:0000015
xref: MESH:A10.165.114
xref: MIAA:0000015
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjc_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:55603005
xref: TAO:0002134
xref: UMLS:C0001527
xref: VHOG:0001284
xref: XAO:0003049
xref: ZFA:0005345
xref: galen:FattyTissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Adipose_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
disjoint_from: UBERON:0003714  ! neural tissue
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass connective tissue proper (AAO:0000099)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Connective tissue in which fat is stored.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Tissue that contains adipocytes, used for cushioning, thermal insulation, lubrication (primarily in the pericardium) and energy storage.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "adipose" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Adipose tissue is unique to vertebrates. It is found in mostmammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians, and a variety is found in some species of fish. Furthermore, in insects the fat body found in larvae as well as in adults shares some homology with adipose tissue.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001014
name: obsolete fat body
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0003917  ! arthropod fat body
synonym: "fat pad" EXACT []

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001015
name: musculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of the muscular system." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Muscular_system]
comment: AO notes: In FMA this is classified as a set of organs. ZFA musculature system has subtypes, so it is classified here. WBbt muscular system has subtypes so it goes here. Note that we use the MA term set of skeletal muscles here as it seems most appropriate (*not* MA:musculature). AAO is generally confused here.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "muscle group" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle system" RELATED []
synonym: "muscles" RELATED []
synonym: "muscles set" EXACT []
synonym: "musculature" EXACT []
synonym: "musculature system" RELATED []
synonym: "musculi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:32558, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of muscles" EXACT [FMA:32558]
synonym: "set of skeletal muscles" EXACT [MA:0000165]
xref: AAO:0011066
xref: BTO:0000887
xref: EFO:0001949
xref: FMA:32558
xref: MA:0000165
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjmr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0000548
xref: UMLS:C0026845
xref: VSAO:0005038
xref: WBbt:0005737
xref: ZFA:0000548
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Muscles_anterior_labeled.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0000480  ! anatomical group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001474

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001016
name: nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "a network of specialized cells that communicate information about an organism's surroundings and itself[Wikipedia]." [ISBN:0-14-051288-8, ISBN:3110148986, NLM:nervous+system, WB:rynl, Wikipedia:Nervous_system, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Nervensystem" RELATED [BTO:0001484]
synonym: "nerve net" NARROW [Wikipedia:Nerve_net]
synonym: "systema nervosum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nervous_system]
xref: AAO:0000324
xref: BILA:0000079
xref: BTO:0001484
xref: EFO:0000802
xref: EHDAA2:0001246
xref: EHDAA:826
xref: EMAPA:16469
xref: EV:0100162
xref: FBbt:00005093
xref: FMA:7157
xref: GAID:466
xref: MA:0000016
xref: MAT:0000026
xref: MESH:A08
xref: MIAA:0000026
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_844
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViT_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278196006
xref: TAO:0000396
xref: UMLS:C0027763
xref: VHOG:0000402
xref: WBbt:0005735
xref: XAO:0000177
xref: ZFA:0000396
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/TE-Nervous_system_diagram.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png/200px-Nervous_system_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nervous_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033  ! gustatory system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204  ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from ectoderm (AAO:0000137) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A regulatory system of the body that consists of neurons and neuroglial cells. The nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system consisting of nerve bodies and nerve fibers which regulate the response of the body to external and internal stimuli.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "nervous" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "neural" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Nervous systems evolved in the ancestor of Eumetazoa.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001017
name: central nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord[GO]. The part of the nervous system which in vertebrates consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which supervises and coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system[XAO]. Neuraxis plus retina[INCF]." [FB:gg, ISBN:3110148986, NLM:central+nervous+system, Wikipedia:Central_nervous_system, ZFIN:curator]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CNS" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebrospinal axis" EXACT [FMA:55675]
synonym: "neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:55675]
synonym: "systema nervosum centrale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55675, FMA:TA]
xref: AAO:0000090
xref: BILA:0000080
xref: BTO:0000227
xref: EFO:0000908
xref: EHDAA2:0000225
xref: EHDAA:828
xref: EMAPA:16470
xref: EMAPA:16754
xref: EV:0100163
xref: FBbt:00005094
xref: FMA:55675
xref: GAID:570
xref: MA:0000167
xref: MAT:0000457
xref: MESH:A08.186
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1099
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzYt3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278199004
xref: TAO:0000012
xref: UMLS:C0927232
xref: VHOG:0000293
xref: XAO:0000215
xref: ZFA:0000012
xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Nervous_System
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011216  ! organ system subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:147099
property_value: external_definition "Part of the nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The brain and spinal cord. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2); Taken together, our data make a very strong case that the complex molecular mediolateral architecture of the developing trunk CNS (central nervous system), as shared between Platynereis and vertebrates, was already present in their last common ancestor, Urbilateria. The concept of bilaterian nervous system centralization implies that neuron types concentrate on one side of the trunk, as is the case in vertebrates and many invertebrates including Platynereis, where they segregate and become spatially organized (as opposed to a diffuse nerve net). Our data reveal that a large part of the spatial organization of the annelid and vertebrate CNS was already present in their last common ancestor, which implies that Urbilateria had already possessed a CNS (reference 3).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001018
name: axon tract
namespace: uberon
def: "A group of axons linking two or more neuropils and having a common origin, termination[FBbt]." [http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html]
comment: WP says this is the analog of peripheral nerves in CNS
synonym: "axonal tract" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis tract" EXACT [FMA:83847]
synonym: "tract" RELATED []
synonym: "tract of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83847]
xref: EV:0100304
xref: FBbt:00005100
xref: FMA:83847
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001019
name: fascicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A slender neuron projection bundle[FBbt]." [Wikipedia:Nervous_system_fascicle]
comment: TODO - invert specific? note FBbt class not disjoint from tract. Consider merging with 'neuron projection bundle'
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fasciculus" EXACT []
synonym: "nerve bundle" EXACT [FMA:12235]
synonym: "nerve fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:12235]
synonym: "neural fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:12235]
xref: BTO:0004101
xref: FBbt:00005101
xref: FMA:12235
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_872
xref: TGMA:0000088
xref: UMLS:C1185741
xref: ncithesaurus:Fascicle
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001020
name: commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "White matter fiber bundle that crosses the midline of the brain or spinal cord[NIF]. In the context of Drosophila refers to a broad band of axons connecting the same neuropils each side of the brain[FBbt]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090513, Wikipedia:Commissure]
comment: *not* the same as FMA:76741 Commissure
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "commissure of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83906]
synonym: "neuraxis commissure" EXACT [FMA:83906]
xref: FBbt:00005103
xref: FMA:83906
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090513
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rdBrmE6gOEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: TADS:0000201
xref: UMLS:C1185742
xref: ncithesaurus:Commissure
is_a: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
property_value: has_relational_adjective "commissural" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001021
name: nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "an enclosed, cable-like bundle of peripheral axons [wikipedia]. A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons[ZFA]. Segment of neural tree organ which has as its parts a nerve trunk and its branches; together with other nerves of the same tree it constitutes a neural tree. Examples: chorda tympani, digastric branch of facial nerve, greater petrosal nerve, posterior cutaneous branch of posterior ramus of cervical nerve, superior lateral cutaneous nerve of arm[FMA]." [FMA:65132, Wikipedia:Nervous_system, ZFA:0007009, ZFIN:curator]
comment: check nerve vs peripheral nerve vs tract. Check isa hierarchy - we include under neural tissue as well as neuron projection bundle for now. FMA also has this under organ segment
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "nerves" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0007009]
synonym: "neural subtree" RELATED [FMA:65132]
xref: AAO:0011070
xref: AEO:0000137
xref: BTO:0000925
xref: EHDAA2:0003137
xref: EHDAA:2851
xref: EHDAA:3776
xref: EHDAA:4657
xref: EV:0100162
xref: FBbt:00005105
xref: FMA:65132
xref: GAID:758
xref: MA:0000217
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3lkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:256864008
xref: TAO:0007009
xref: UMLS:C0027740
xref: XAO:0003047
xref: ZFA:0007009
xref: galen:Nerve
xref: ncithesaurus:Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle
is_a: UBERON:0003714  ! neural tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system
property_value: external_definition "A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "nervous" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001022
name: cell body
namespace: uberon
def: "Cell component which consists of the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Cell_body, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html]
comment: TODO - use GO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cell soma" EXACT []
synonym: "soma" RELATED []
xref: FBbt:00005107
xref: FMA:67301
xref: GO:0043025
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1044911821
is_a: UBERON:0000470  ! cell part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001023
name: obsolete dendrite
namespace: uberon
def: "The region of a neuron receiving inputs from other neurons, typically a slender neurite, often branched. In insect neurons, this is often not a clear designation and often presynaptic sites co-extend with postsynaptic ones." [Wikipedia:Dendrite, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Made obsolete as it was equivalent to GO class
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
property_value: has_relational_adjective "dendritic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001024
name: obsolete neurite
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the processes or extensions of a neuron, axon or dendrite or cell body fiber. // Cell appendage of the neuron which includes the axon and the dendrite." [Wikipedia:Neurite, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Made obsolete as it was equivalent to GO class
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001025
name: obsolete synapse
namespace: uberon
def: "The structural contact that is the site of transmission between neurons, identified by a presynaptic ribbon and synaptic vesicles as the input element and one or (usually) more postsynaptic elements with various specializations (membrane densities, cisternae, etc.)." [Wikipedia:Synapse, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Made obsolete as it was equivalent to GO class
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "synaptic junction" EXACT []
property_value: has_relational_adjective "synaptic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001026
name: obsolete motor nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "General anatomical term applied to nerves in which somatic efferent nerve fibers predominate[FMA]. A motor nerve is an efferent nerve that exclusively contains the axons of somatic and branchial motoneurons, which innervate skeletal muscles (that ensure locomotion) and branchial muscles (that motorize the face and neck)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Motor_nerve]
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "efferent nerve" RELATED []
synonym: "nervus motorius" EXACT []

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001027
name: sensory nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A group of neurons that provides a nervous response from a tissue[AEO]." [AEO:0000201, Wikipedia:Sensory_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "afferent nerve" RELATED []
synonym: "nervus sensorius" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Sensory_nerve]
xref: AEO:0000201
xref: EHDAA2:0003200
xref: FBbt:00005136
xref: FMA:5868
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
property_value: external_definition "General anatomical term applied to nerves in which somatic afferent nerve fibers predominate[FMA]. nerves that receive sensory stimuli made up of nerve fibers, called sensory fibers (mechanoreceptor fibers sense body movement and pressure placed against the body, and nociceptor fibers sense tissue injury)[WP][Wikipedia:Sensory_nerve]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001028
name: diaphysis of radius
namespace: uberon
def: "A diaphysis that is part of a radius bone[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Body_of_radius]
synonym: "body of radius" EXACT [FMA:33782]
synonym: "corpus radii" EXACT [FMA:33782]
synonym: "radial diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33782]
synonym: "radial shaft" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_radius]
synonym: "shaft of radius" EXACT [FMA:33782, Wikipedia:Body_of_radius]
xref: FMA:33782
xref: SCTID:302518002
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
property_value: external_definition "The body of the radius (or shaft of radius) is prismoid in form, narrower above than below, and slightly curved, so as to be convex lateralward. It presents three borders and three surfaces[Wikipedia:Body_of_radius]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001029
name: neuromuscular junction
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Neuromuscular_junction]
comment: TODO - use GO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "myoneural junction" EXACT []
synonym: "synapsis neuromuscularis; junctio neuromuscularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neuromuscular_junction]
xref: FBbt:00005142
xref: FMA:61803
xref: GAID:809
xref: GO:0031594
xref: MESH:A08.800.550.550.550
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1124888485
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/NMJ.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001030
name: obsolete synaptic ribbon
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "ribbon synapse" EXACT []

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001031
name: neurilemma
namespace: uberon
def: "thin membranous sheath around a nerve fiber[TFD]." [Wikipedia:Neurilemma, http://www.thefreedictionary.com/neurolemma]
comment: FMA def is 'Neural tissue which consists of Schwann cells' which does not fit, but we still use 'neural tissue' here. WP def specifically states Schwann cells, which would restrict it to PNS
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Schwann's membrane" RELATED [BTO:0003048]
synonym: "endoneural membrane" RELATED [BTO:0003048]
synonym: "neurolemma" EXACT []
synonym: "sheath of Schwann" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0003048
xref: FBbt:00005151
xref: FMA:62976
xref: GAID:730
xref: MESH:A08.561.600
xref: UMLS:C0027807
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Gray631.png/200px-Gray631.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sheath_of_Schwann
is_a: UBERON:0003714  ! neural tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001032
name: sensory system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that overlaps the nervous system and is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information." [Wikipedia:Sensory_system]
comment: note the distinct between entire sensory system and individual system. this reconciles is_a and part_of distinctions between ssAOs
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "organa sensuum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75259, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Sensory_system]
synonym: "sense organ subsystem" EXACT []
synonym: "sense organs" EXACT [FMA:75259]
synonym: "sense organs set" EXACT [FMA:75259]
synonym: "sensory organ system" RELATED []
synonym: "sensory subsystem" EXACT []
synonym: "sensory systems" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000282]
synonym: "set of sense organs" RELATED [FMA:75259]
xref: AAO:0000555
xref: BILA:0000099
xref: EFO:0000805
xref: EHDAA2:0003094
xref: FBbt:00005827
xref: FMA:75259
xref: MA:0002442
xref: MAT:0000031
xref: MIAA:0000031
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090816
xref: TAO:0000282
xref: VHOG:0001674
xref: XAO:0003194
xref: ZFA:0000282
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray722.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray722.png/200px-Gray722.png
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system
property_value: homology_notes "An early step in the evolution of neural crest, therefore, may have been the origin of a specific dorsal neural cell population contributing to sensory processing; this would predate the divergence of the amphioxus and vertebrate lineages.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001033
name: gustatory system
namespace: uberon
def: "A subset of the sensory system for the sensing of taste." [Wikipedia:Gustatory_system]
comment: in ZFA and MA this is a subtype of sensory system. we should change sensory system to disambiguate parts and wholes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "gustatory organ system" EXACT []
synonym: "taste system" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010577
xref: BILA:0000143
xref: EFO:0000830
xref: FMA:7194
xref: MA:0002446
xref: MAT:0000275
xref: MIAA:0000275
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090803
xref: SCTID:423940004
xref: TAO:0001101
xref: XAO:0003197
xref: ZFA:0001101
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204  ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: external_definition "The sensory system used for the sense of taste.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "gustatory" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001034
name: obsolete photoreceptor
namespace: uberon
def: "Can refer to a light sensitive organ, a photoreceptor cell or a photoreceptor protein. This class was made obsolete because it was ambiguous" [Wikipedia:Photoreceptor]
is_obsolete: true
xref: BTO:0001060

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001035
name: dento-alveolar joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Fibrous joint in which the periodontal ligament connects a tooth to the alveolar bone of the maxilla or mandible. Examples: Dento-alveolar joint of incisor tooth.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Gomphosis]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "dento-alveolar syndesmosis" EXACT [FMA:7495]
synonym: "gomphosis" EXACT [MA:0001499]
synonym: "peg-and-socket joint" EXACT [FMA:7495]
synonym: "socket" BROAD [FMA:7495]
synonym: "syndesmosis dentoalveolaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7495, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:7495
xref: MA:0001499
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rveAQeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:50870008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray1003.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Gray1003.png/200px-Gray1003.png
is_a: UBERON:0002209  ! fibrous joint
is_a: UBERON:0002213  ! cartilaginous joint
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
relationship: connects UBERON:0004103 ! alveolar ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001040
name: yolk sac
namespace: uberon
def: "Membranous sac attached to an embryo, providing early nourishment in the form of yolk in bony fishes, sharks, reptiles, birds, and primitive mammals. It functions as the developmental circulatory system of the human embryo, before internal circulation begins. In the mouse, the yolk sac is the first site of blood formation, generating primitive macrophages and erythrocytes." [Wikipedia:Yolk_sac]
comment: Taxon notes: In therians, a structure homologous to the yolk sac is is present, but contains no yolk platelets. Instead it is filled with fluid [ISBN10:0073040584 \"Vertebrates, Kardong\"]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "saccus vitellinus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Yolk_sac]
synonym: "vesicula umbilicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Yolk_sac]
xref: BTO:0001471
xref: EFO:0003078
xref: EHDAA2:0002212
xref: EHDAA:164
xref: EMAPA:16085
xref: FMA:87180
xref: GAID:1301
xref: MESH:A16.254.403.981
xref: SCTID:362845002
xref: UMLS:C0043425
xref: VHOG:0000830
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Gray22.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Gray22.png/200px-Gray22.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Yolk_Sac
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005631  ! extraembryonic membrane
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "One of the extraembryonic fetal membranes that balloons out from the fetal midgut. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Structures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes of reptiles and birds appear in mammals: amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001041
name: foregut
namespace: uberon
def: "Anterior subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. An anterior part of the alimentary canal derived from the ectoderm[WP]." [Wikipedia:Foregut]
comment: Editor notes: Note we define this generically to include invertebrates (partly for consistency with GO), but the class may be split in future. We may explicitly make this a developmental class (as it appears to be in FMA)
subset: developmental_classification  ! developmental_classification
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "praeenteron" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foregut]
synonym: "proenteron" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foregut]
xref: AAO:0011042
xref: BILA:0000085
xref: BTO:0000507
xref: EHDAA2:0000557
xref: EHDAA:520
xref: EMAPA:16548
xref: FBbt:00005379
xref: FMA:45616
xref: MA:0001526
xref: SCTID:361409009
xref: TGMA:0001014
xref: UMLS:C0231051
xref: VHOG:0000285
xref: XAO:0000232
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Gray27.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Foregut
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
property_value: homology_notes "The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001042
name: chordate pharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "Funnel-shaped fibromuscular tube that conducts food to the esophagus, and air to the larynyx and lungs. It is located posterior to the NASAL CAVITY; ORAL CAVITY; and LARYNX, and extends from the SKULL BASE to the inferior border of the CRICOID CARTILAGE anteriorly and to the inferior border of the C6 vertebra posteriorly. It is divided into the NASOPHARYNX; OROPHARYNX; and HYPOPHARYNX (laryngopharynx)[MESH]. Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Pharynx]
comment: Note that MA/FMA pharynx not part of digestive/alimentary system, we follow their lead here
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "pharynx" BROAD SENSU [FMA:46688]
xref: AAO:0000967
xref: BTO:0001049
xref: EFO:0000836
xref: EHDAA2:0001458
xref: EHDAA:2947
xref: EMAPA:16706
xref: EMAPA:18838
xref: EV:0100065
xref: FMA:46688
xref: GAID:155
xref: MA:0000432
xref: MESH:A03.867
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViv7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181211006
xref: TAO:0000056
xref: UMLS:C0031354
xref: VHOG:0000462
xref: XAO:0003227
xref: ZFA:0000056
xref: galen:Pharynx
xref: ncithesaurus:Pharynx
is_a: UBERON:0006562  ! pharynx
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009145 ! pharyngeal region
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of_proxy respiratory system (AAO:0000541) CHANGED TO: develops_from respiratory system (UBERON:0001004)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of_proxy respiratory system (AAO:0000541) CHANGED TO: part_of respiratory system (UBERON:0001004)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cavity bounded by the derivatives of the branchial arches.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The portion of the alimentary canal between the mouth and the oesophagus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the earliest vertebrates possessed unjointed internal and external branchial arches, and musculature encircling the pharynx.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001043
name: esophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)." [Wikipedia:Esophagus, http://www.rivm.nl/interspeciesinfo/inter/oesophagus/]
comment: AO notes: esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies:  The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CBsophagus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Esophagus]
synonym: "gullet" EXACT []
synonym: "oesophagus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000145
xref: ANISEED:1235301
xref: BTO:0000959
xref: EFO:0000835
xref: EHDAA2:0001285
xref: EHDAA:2937
xref: EMAPA:16833
xref: EMAPA:18860
xref: EV:0100069
xref: FMA:7131
xref: GAID:291
xref: MA:0000352
xref: MAT:0000048
xref: MESH:A03.365
xref: MIAA:0000048
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj9Q5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181245004
xref: TAO:0000204
xref: UMLS:C0014876
xref: VHOG:0000450
xref: XAO:0000127
xref: ZFA:0000204
xref: galen:Esophagus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Esophagus
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
is_a: UBERON:0005178  ! thoracic cavity organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009143 ! developing esophageal region
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
property_value: external_definition "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "esophageal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001044
name: salivary gland
namespace: uberon
def: "saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]. The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands, glands with ducts, that produce saliva. They also secrete amylase, an enzyme that breaks down starch into maltose. In other organisms such as insects, salivary glands are often used to produce biologically important proteins like silk or glues, and fly salivary glands contain polytene chromosomes that have been useful in genetic research[WP]." [GO:0007431, Wikipedia:Salivary_gland]
comment: currently we define saliva and salivary glands very generally in functional terms but it may be more appropriate to split this class. From WP: In most vertebrates, saliva does not contain any enzymes, consisting of mucus and water only, and its primary function is to moisten food while eating. As a result, true salivary glands are rarely found in fish or aquatic tetrapods, although there are often individual mucus-secreting cells. Amphibians have a single salivary gland, the intermaxillary gland, located in the forward part of the palate. Reptiles and birds normally have only very small glands on the lips, palate, and base of the mouth, although there are some birds with large glands, which produce a sticky saliva that helps in nest-building. The distinct parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands are only developed in mammals.[3] The salivary glands of some species, however, are modified to produce enzymes; salivary amylase is found in many, but by no means all, bird and mammal species (including humans, as noted above). Furthermore, the venom glands of poisonous snakes, Gila monsters, and some shrews, are modified salivary glands
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "glandulae salivariae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Salivary_gland]
xref: BTO:0001203
xref: EFO:0000859
xref: EHDAA2:0001775
xref: EHDAA:7987
xref: EMAPA:17751
xref: EV:0100059
xref: FBbt:00005382
xref: FMA:9597
xref: GAID:937
xref: MA:0000346
xref: MAT:0000079
xref: MESH:A10.336.779
xref: MIAA:0000079
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjl5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181236000
xref: UMLS:C0036098
xref: VHOG:0000376
xref: galen:SalivaryGland
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Salivary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0003294  ! gland of foregut
is_a: UBERON:0010047  ! oral gland
relationship: located_in UBERON:0000167 ! oral cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: secretes UBERON:0001836 ! saliva
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0001836 ! saliva
property_value: external_definition "A gland that produces the saliva. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-25, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In air-feeding animals, the lack of water column to lubricate the food has been compensated for by the evolution of the salivary glands. These glands are present only in amniotes and are controlled by the parasympathetic system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001045
name: midgut
namespace: uberon
def: "Middle subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. In vertebrates: The middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine[GO]. In humans: originates from the foregut at the opening of the bile duct into the duodenum and continues through the small intestine and much of the large intestine until the transition to the hindgut about two-thirds of the way through the transverse colon. That part of the alimentary canal which lies between the gizzard and the hind intestine." [GO:0007494, Wikipedia:Midgut]
comment: Editor notes: Note we define this generically to include invertebrates (partly for consistency with GO), but the class may be split in future. We may explicitly make this a developmental class. AO Notes: in FMA this class has no children.
subset: developmental_classification  ! developmental_classification
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "mesenteron" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midgut]
xref: BILA:0000086
xref: BTO:0000863
xref: EFO:0001950
xref: EHDAA2:0001185
xref: EHDAA:983
xref: EMAPA:16255
xref: FBbt:00005383
xref: FMA:45617
xref: MA:0001564
xref: SCTID:361410004
xref: TGMA:0001036
xref: UMLS:C0231052
xref: VHOG:0000290
xref: XAO:0000103
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Illu_small_intestine.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Midgut
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
property_value: homology_notes "The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001046
name: hindgut
namespace: uberon
def: "Posterior subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]." [Wikipedia:Hindgut]
comment: Editor notes: Note we define this generically to include invertebrates (partly for consistency with GO), but the class may be split in future (vertebrates have some contribution from NC - UBERONREF:0000002). We may explicitly make this a developmental class. AO Notes: in FMA this class has no children.
subset: developmental_classification  ! developmental_classification
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "metenteron" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hindgut]
xref: AAO:0011052
xref: BILA:0000087
xref: BTO:0000510
xref: EHDAA2:0000779
xref: EHDAA:975
xref: EMAPA:16715
xref: FBbt:00005384
xref: FMA:45618
xref: MA:0001527
xref: SCTID:362856002
xref: TGMA:0001020
xref: UMLS:C0231053
xref: VHOG:0000459
xref: XAO:0000104
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray472.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hindgut
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
property_value: homology_notes "The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001047
name: neural glomerulus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:FBbt_00005386
def: "Large synaptic bouton found in areas like olfactory bulb, cerebellar cortex and thalamus, that contacts many post-synaptic targets[NIF]." [http://ccdb.ucsd.edu/SAO/images/glomerulus_sw_512x512.jpg, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html]
comment: isa or partof neuropil? TODO. Add to GO-CC?
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "glomerulus" BROAD [FBbt:00005386, NIF_Subcellular:sao587858733]
xref: FBbt:00005386
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao587858733
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray1130.svg/200px-Gray1130.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0002606  ! neuropil

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001048
name: primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "Primordia are populations of contiguous cells that are morphologically distinct and already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue[FBbt]. An embryonic structure that is the rudiment or commencement of a part or organ." [BTO:0001886, FB:DJS, FB:FBrf0089570, FB:FBrf0178740, Wikipedia:Primordium]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bud" RELATED []
synonym: "placode" RELATED [FBbt:00005495]
synonym: "rudiment" RELATED []
xref: AEO:0000171
xref: BTO:0001886
xref: EFO:0001652
xref: EHDAA2:0003171
xref: FBbt:00005495
xref: FMA:86589
xref: MAT:0000482
xref: UMLS:C0678727
xref: XAO:0003043
xref: ncithesaurus:Primordium
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001049
name: neural tube
namespace: uberon
def: "In the developing vertebrate, the neural tube is the embryo's precursor to the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into a closed tube, the neural tube or neural canal (which strictly speaking is the center of the neural tube), the ectodermal wall of which forms the rudiment of the nervous system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Neural_tube]
comment: The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium[GO:0021915]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED []
synonym: "tubus neuralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neural_tube]
xref: AAO:0010617
xref: BTO:0001057
xref: EHDAA2:0001254
xref: EHDAA:2869
xref: EHDAA:908
xref: EMAPA:16164
xref: EMAPA:16530
xref: EMAPA:16757
xref: MAT:0000069
xref: MIAA:0000069
xref: SCTID:362852000
xref: TAO:0001135
xref: UMLS:C0231024
xref: VHOG:0000307
xref: XAO:0003204
xref: ZFA:0001135
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Tube
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005068 ! neural rod
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Hollow epithelial tube on dorsal side of the embryo that develops into the central nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The dorsal tubular structure in the vertebrate embryo that develops into the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001050
name: obsolete atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical chamber. Examples: right atrium of heart, atrium of middle nasal meatus, atrium of tympanic cavity, atrium of alveolus." [FMA:85574]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0002081  ! cardiac atrium
comment: obsoleted because 'atrium' as a general grouping class that encompasses the cardiac atrium and atrium of alveolus atrium is of questionable value. Furthermore, the use of the term 'atrium' in the generic sense is misleading, as this is commonly used to refer specifically to the cardiac atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001051
name: hypopharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "Bottom part of the pharynx, and is the part of the throat that connects to the esophagus." [Wikipedia:Hypopharynx]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [FMA:54877]
synonym: "laryngopharynx" EXACT [FMA:54877]
synonym: "pars laryngea pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001740, Wikipedia:Hypopharynx]
xref: BTO:0001740
xref: EFO:0001388
xref: EHDAA2:0004574
xref: EV:0100068
xref: FMA:54880
xref: GAID:338
xref: MA:0001796
xref: MESH:A03.867.490
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvq5O0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:281490009
xref: UMLS:C0020629
xref: VHOG:0000445
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hypopharynx
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0013472 ! upper esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
property_value: external_definition "The inferior portion of the pharynx, between the epiglottis and the larynx. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "hypopharyngeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001052
name: rectum
namespace: uberon
def: "The terminal portion of the intestine." [Wikipedia:Rectum]
comment: Taxon notes: In the lungfish, sharks and rays the rectum opens into the cloaca which also receives wastes (urine) from the kidneys and material from the reproductive organs. In bony fish the rectum reaches the outside environment through the anus, which is normally situated just in front the urinary and reproductive openings. However in some fish the digestive tract may be curled back on itself, and in the Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus) the anus is situated in the fish's throat. -- http://www.earthlife.net/fish/digestion.html
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intestinum rectum" RELATED [BTO:0001158]
synonym: "rectal sac" RELATED []
synonym: "terminal portion of intestine" EXACT []
synonym: "terminal portion of large intestine" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010401
xref: BTO:0001158
xref: EFO:0000848
xref: EHDAA2:0001592
xref: EHDAA:5836
xref: EMAPA:17896
xref: EMAPA:18925
xref: EV:0100081
xref: FMA:14544
xref: GAID:311
xref: MA:0000336
xref: MAT:0000050
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.495.767
xref: MIAA:0000050
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjaU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181261002
xref: UMLS:C0034896
xref: VHOG:0000427
xref: VHOG:0001751
xref: XAO:0000238
xref: galen:Rectum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Anorectum.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Anorectum.gif/200px-Anorectum.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Rectum
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon
relationship: distal_part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006866 ! terminal part of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012361 ! internal anal region
property_value: external_definition "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "rectal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001053
name: neurohemal organ
namespace: uberon
def: "A system of neurons that has the specialized function to produce and secrete hormones, and that constitutes, in whole or in part, an endocrine organ or system." [BTO:0002106]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "neurohaemal organ" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0002106
xref: EFO:0000864
xref: FBbt:00005757
xref: MAT:0000212
xref: MIAA:0000212
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001055
name: obsolete ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder." [MP:0000534]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0000056  ! ureter
consider: UBERON:0000057  ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001056
name: corpus cardiacum
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a pair of neurohemal organs located on the walls of the aorta just behind the brain. The corpora cardiaca release their store of PTTH only after they receive a signal from neurosecretory cells in the brain." [BTO:0000432, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_cardiacum#Endocrine_system]
comment: will be ceded to arthropod anatomy ontology
synonym: "corpora cardiaca" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0000432]
xref: BTO:0000432
xref: EFO:0000380
xref: FBbt:00005799
xref: MAT:0000211
xref: MIAA:0000211
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012325 ! retrocerebral complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001057
name: corpus allatum
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a pair of separate or fused bodies in many insects that are sometimes closely associated with the corpora cardiaca and that secrete hormones (as juvenile hormone)[BTO]." [BTO:0000291, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpora_allata]
comment: will be ceded to arthropod anatomy ontology
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corpora allata" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0000291]
xref: BTO:0000291
xref: EFO:0000379
xref: FBbt:00005800
xref: MAT:0000210
xref: MESH:A08.713.100
xref: MIAA:0000210
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012325 ! retrocerebral complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001062
name: anatomical entity
namespace: uberon
def: "Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species." [CARO:MAH, FMA:62955]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010841
xref: AEO:0000000
xref: BILA:0000000
xref: CARO:0000000
xref: EHDAA2:0002229
xref: FBbt:10000000
xref: FBbt_root:00000000
xref: FMA:62955
xref: HAO:0000000
xref: MA:0000001
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_6
xref: TAO:0100000
xref: TGMA:0001822
xref: UMLS:C1515976
xref: ZFA:0100000
xref: ncithesaurus:Anatomic_Structure_System_or_Substance

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001063
name: flocculus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:Flocculus-MA_0000992
def: "a small lobe of the cerebellum at the posterior border of the middle cerebellar peduncle anterior to the biventer lobule[WP]." [Wikipedia:Flocculus_(cerebellar)]
comment: AO Notes: flocculus is an exact label for two distinct classes in NIF. Function notes: At its base, the flocculus receives input from the middle ears vestibular system and regulates balance. Many floccular projections descend to the spinal cord and connect to the motor nuclei involved in control of eye movement.[WP]. Taxon notes: enlarged in pterosaurs[PMID:14586467]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "H X" RELATED [FMA:83881]
synonym: "flocculus of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83881]
synonym: "hemispheric lobule X" RELATED INCONSISTENT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081213]
synonym: "lobule X" RELATED [FMA:83881]
synonym: "neuraxis flocculus" EXACT [FMA:83881]
xref: ABA:FL
xref: FMA:83881
xref: MA:0000992
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1329
xref: SCTID:30711003
is_a: UBERON:0002749  ! regional part of cerebellar cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003012 ! flocculonodular lobe
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001064
name: ventral pancreatic duct
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005627
def: "a duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct to supply pancreatic juices which aid in digestion provided by the exocrine pancreas. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct just prior to the ampulla of Vater, after which both ducts perforate the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_duct]
comment: Development notes: Upon reaching its final destination, the ventral pancreatic bud fuses with the much larger dorsal pancreatic bud. At this point of fusion, the main ducts of the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds fuse, forming the duct of Wirsung, the main pancreatic duct.[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "canal of Wirsung" RELATED [BTO:0002362]
synonym: "chief pancreatic duct" EXACT [FMA:16003]
synonym: "duct of Wirsung" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_duct]
synonym: "ductus pancreatis ventralis" RELATED []
synonym: "hepaticopancreatic duct" RELATED [BTO:0002362]
synonym: "main pancreatic duct" EXACT [MA:0000126]
synonym: "pancreatic duct" BROAD [MESH:A03.734.667]
xref: BTO:0002362
xref: EHDAA2:0001396
xref: EHDAA:6905
xref: EMAPA:18821
xref: FMA:16003
xref: GAID:337
xref: MA:0000126
xref: MESH:A03.734.667
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002177
xref: SCTID:245385001
xref: UMLS:C0030288
xref: VHOG:0000256
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gray1100.png/200px-Gray1100.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0002394  ! bile duct
is_a: UBERON:0007329  ! pancreatic duct
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0004913 ! hepatopancreatic ampulla
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003924 ! ventral pancreatic bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas
property_value: homology_notes "These data show that ducts within the zebrafish pancreas originally arise in situ from isolated progenitor cells rather than arising from reiterative branching of the pancreatic epithelium. This process of pancreatic duct formation in zebrafish may be analogous to the mechanism of duct formation in the mammalian mammary and salivary glands. (...) A related mechanism of duct formation has also been proposed to occur within the mammalian pancreatic epithelium.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001065
name: parotid duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The parotid duct, also known as Stensen's duct, is the route that saliva takes from the parotid gland into the mouth. It passes through the buccal fat, buccopharyngeal fascia, and buccinator muscle then opens into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the upper second molar tooth. The buccinator acts as a valve that prevents inflation of the duct during blowing. Running along with the duct superiorly is the transverse facial artery and upper buccal nerve; running along with the duct inferiorly is the lower buccal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parotid_duct]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Stensen's duct" EXACT []
synonym: "Stensens's duct" EXACT []
synonym: "duct of parotid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "duct of parotid gland" EXACT []
synonym: "ductus parotideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parotid_duct]
synonym: "parotid gland duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stenon duct" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004554
xref: FMA:10420
xref: MA:0002697
xref: SCTID:362175009
xref: UMLS:C0227458
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray1023.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray1023.png/200px-Gray1023.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Parotid_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0001837  ! duct of salivary gland
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001066
name: intervertebral disk
namespace: uberon
def: "A pad of fibrocartilage between the articular surfaces of two successive vertebral centra which has nucleus pulposus at its core." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Intervertebral_disk]
comment: Taxon/Terminology notes: strictly speaking the term intervertebral disk [applies to intervertebral cartilage] whose gel-like core is nucleus puloposus, by this definition only in mammals
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "discus intervertebralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:10446, FMA:TA]
synonym: "intervertebral disc" EXACT []
synonym: "intervertebral fibrocartilage" RELATED [BTO:0003625]
synonym: "spinal disc" EXACT [Wikipedia:Spinal_disc]
synonym: "spinal disk" RELATED [BTO:0003625]
xref: BTO:0003625
xref: EFO:0001370
xref: FMA:10446
xref: GAID:105
xref: MA:0000110
xref: MESH:A02.165.410
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv11AcpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244570000
xref: UMLS:C0021815
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray301.png/200px-Gray301.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Intervertebral_Disc
is_a: UBERON:0011135  ! intervertebral cartilage
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002242 ! nucleus pulposus
intersection_of: UBERON:0011135  ! intervertebral cartilage
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0002242 ! nucleus pulposus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001067
name: vertebral arch joint
namespace: uberon
def: "a synovial joint between the superior articular process of one vertebra and the inferior articular process of the vertebra directly above it. There are two facet joints in each spinal motion segment[WP]." [Wikipedia:Zygapophysial_joint]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulationes zygapophysiales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygapophysial_joint]
synonym: "facet joint" EXACT []
synonym: "joint of vertebral arch" EXACT []
synonym: "joint of vertebral articular process" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal facet joint" EXACT [HP:0008482]
synonym: "zygapophyseal joint" EXACT []
synonym: "zygapophysial joint" EXACT []
xref: FMA:10447
xref: GAID:275
xref: MA:0001513
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.979
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvorHEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:89836005
xref: UMLS:C0224521
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Gray90.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Gray90.png/200px-Gray90.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Facet_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra
relationship: connects UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch
intersection_of: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001068
name: skin of back
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - distinguish between entire skin of region and arbitrary zone of skin on region
synonym: "back skin" EXACT []
synonym: "back zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin, dorsal region" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "zone of skin of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:10462
xref: FMA:22985
xref: MA:0000498
xref: SCTID:181492002
is_a: UBERON:0001085  ! skin of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011270 ! dorsal trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001069
name: head of pancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "The head of pancreas is a portion of the pancreas that is lodged within the curve of the duodenum, and is flattened anteriorly (from before). The other parts of the pancreas are the body and the tail. Its upper border is overlapped by the superior part of the duodenum and its lower overlaps the horizontal part; its right and left borders overlap in front, and insinuate themselves behind, the descending and ascending parts of the duodenum respectively. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Head_of_pancreas]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "caput pancreatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_pancreas]
synonym: "pancreas head" EXACT []
synonym: "pancreatic head" EXACT []
synonym: "right extremity of pancreas" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001374
xref: EMAPA:17507
xref: EMAPA:18820
xref: FMA:10468
xref: MA:0000122
xref: SCTID:362201006
xref: UMLS:C0227579
xref: VHOG:0000448
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg/200px-Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Pancreas
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003924 ! ventral pancreatic bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas
property_value: homology_notes "Hagfish and lampreys may have one or more endocrine buds - and later the vertebrate pancreas develop as independent ventral and dorsal buds that eventually fuse to become one organ.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001070
name: external carotid artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the external carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck. It arises from the common carotid artery when it bifurcates into the external and internal carotid artery." [Wikipedia:External_carotid_artery, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3486863&group_id=76834&atid=1127722]
comment: Taxon notes: not homologous to the external carotid of zebrafish (Goodrich, 1958) - http://zfish.nichd.nih.gov/zfatlas/Intro%20Page/comparative.html; check XAO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arteria carotis externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_carotid_artery]
xref: AAO:0010416
xref: BTO:0004696
xref: EFO:0001953
xref: EHDAA2:0000461
xref: EMAPA:18611
xref: FMA:10635
xref: GAID:480
xref: MA:0001929
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.186.200.210
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwVJkPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362044002
xref: UMLS:C0007275
xref: VHOG:0000265
xref: XAO:0000345
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/External_carotid_a.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/External_carotid_a.gif/200px-External_carotid_a.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Carotid_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005396  ! carotid artery segment
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001071
name: superficial cervical artery
namespace: uberon
def: "It ascends beneath the anterior margin of the trapezius, distributing branches to it, and to the neighboring muscles and lymph glands in the neck, and anastomosing with the superficial branch of the descending branch of the occipital artery. ." [Wikipedia:Superficial_branch_of_transverse_cervical_artery]
comment: The transverse cervical artery splits into two branches, a superficial one and a deep one[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "superficial branch of transverse cervical artery" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superficial_branch_of_transverse_cervical_artery]
xref: FMA:10665
xref: MA:0002052
xref: SCTID:161746006
xref: UMLS:C0226271
xref: Wikipedia:Superficial_branch_of_transverse_cervical_artery
xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Cervical_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0012320  ! cervical artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001072
name: inferior vena cava
namespace: uberon
def: "Trunk of systemic vein which is formed by the union of the right common iliac vein and the left common iliac vein and terminates in the right atrium." [Wikipedia:Inferior_vena_cava]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "caudal vena cava" RELATED [VHOG:0001194]
synonym: "posterior vena cava" EXACT []
synonym: "vena cava inferior" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002682, Wikipedia:Inferior_vena_cava]
xref: AAO:0011083
xref: BTO:0002682
xref: EHDAA2:0000611
xref: EMAPA:18416
xref: FMA:10951
xref: GAID:548
xref: MA:0000480
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.949.648
xref: SCTID:181369003
xref: UMLS:C0042458
xref: VHOG:0001194
xref: XAO:0000388
xref: galen:InferiorVenaCava
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray577.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray577.png/200px-Gray577.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Vena_Cava
is_a: UBERON:0004087  ! vena cava
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005487 ! vitelline vein
property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetic modifications within this basic pattern of arteries and veins are largely correlated with functional changes. In the transition from water to land, gills gave way to lungs, accompanied by the establishment of a pulmonary circulation. In some fishes and certainly in tetrapods, the cardinal veins become less involved in blood return. Instead, the composite, prominent postcava (posterior vena cava) arose to drain the posterior part of the body and the precava (anterior vena cava) developed to drain the anterior part of the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001073
name: ileocecal junction
namespace: uberon
def: "A point along the course of the gastrointestinal tract where the small intestine (ileum) ends as it opens into the cecal portion of the large intestine; occurs usually within the iliac fossa, demarcated internally as the ileocecal orifice" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=46539]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "ileocaecal junction" EXACT []
xref: FMA:11338
xref: MA:0000332
xref: SCTID:264021000
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
relationship: connects UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: connects UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001074
name: pericardial cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "Cavity of serous sac surrounded by serous pericardium.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pericardial_cavity]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cavitas pericardiaca" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pericardial_cavity]
synonym: "cavity of pericardial sac" EXACT []
synonym: "pericardial space" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pericardial_cavity]
xref: EHDAA2:0001434
xref: EMAPA:18447
xref: EMAPA:18448
xref: FMA:11350
xref: MA:0000053
xref: SCTID:362027001
xref: TAO:0002220
xref: UMLS:C0225972
xref: VHOG:0000556
xref: ZFA:0001655
xref: galen:PericardialSpace
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pericardial_Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0002323  ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003887 ! intraembryonic coelom
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002406 ! pericardial sac
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0002323  ! coelemic cavity lumen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002406 ! pericardial sac
intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7718
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical space in which the heart is located and is surrounded by the pericardium.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart (of other tetrapods) is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001075
name: body of vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "The body is the largest part of a vertebra, and is more or less cylindrical in shape. Its upper and lower surfaces are flattened and rough, and give attachment to the intervertebral fibrocartilages, and each presents a rim around its circumference. In front, the body is convex from side to side and concave from above downward. Behind, it is flat from above downward and slightly concave from side to side. Its anterior surface presents a few small apertures, for the passage of nutrient vessels. On the posterior surface is a single large, irregular aperture, or occasionally more than one, for the exit of the basi-vertebral veins from the body of the vertebra. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Body_of_vertebra]
comment: AO notes: VSAO definition states it surrounds notochord but not applicable to post-natal. Editor notes: vertebra classes required generalization for cartilage columns // todo - add subclasses: acoelus, amphicoelus, procoelus, opsithocoelus, heterocoelus; pleurocentrum, intercentrum; todo: add developmental relationships
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "autocentrum" EXACT [ZFA:0000126]
synonym: "centra" EXACT PLURAL [PHENOSCAPE:ad]
synonym: "centre vertcC)bral@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000126]
synonym: "centrum" EXACT []
synonym: "centrum of vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "corpus vertebrae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_vertebra]
synonym: "corpus vertebrae (vertebrale)" EXACT [FMA:11945]
synonym: "pcC)richorde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000126]
synonym: "vertebral body" EXACT [FMA:11945]
synonym: "vertebral centrum" EXACT [MA:0001457]
xref: AAO:0000697
xref: FMA:11945
xref: MA:0001457
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXU4VpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361745008
xref: SCTID:362867001
xref: TAO:0000126
xref: UMLS:C0223084
xref: VSAO:0000183
xref: ZFA:0000126
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Corpusvertebrae.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Corpusvertebrae.png/200px-Corpusvertebrae.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Body
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
property_value: external_comment "The vertebral centrum may be cartilaginous, develop as cartilage but be replaced by bone or mineralized, or form directly through intramembranous ossification.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Centra are represented by mineralized, calcified, or ossified portions that surround the notochord. The autocentrum, present in Danio and all other living teleosts, is formed by direct ossification outside the elastica externa of the notochord (Arratia, 1999).[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Cylindrical body of bone, round or oval in cross section, which functionally replaces the notochord.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal element that surrounds the notochord.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001076
name: spinous process of vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "The spinous process of a vertebra is directed backward and downward from the junction of the laminae (in humans), and serves for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. In animals without an erect stance, the process points upward and may slant forward or backward. Spinous processes are exaggerated in some animals, such as the extinct Dimetrodon and Spinosaurus, where they form a sail- or finback." [Wikipedia:Spinous_process]
comment: Editor notes: todo - reconcile AAO def: \"Small, posteriorly directed process at the posterior margin of each neural arch lamina; it is not a neural spine.\" [AAO:0000739]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cC)pine neurale@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001336]
synonym: "neuracanthe@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001336]
synonym: "neural spine" RELATED []
synonym: "processus spinosus" EXACT []
synonym: "processus spinosus vertebrae" EXACT []
synonym: "spinous process" BROAD []
synonym: "vertebra spinous process" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000705
xref: AAO:0000739
xref: EMAPA:25107
xref: FMA:11948
xref: MA:0001455
xref: SCTID:264259004
xref: TAO:0001336
xref: ZFA:0001336
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Processusspinosusvertebrae.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Processusspinosusvertebrae.png/200px-Processusspinosusvertebrae.png
is_a: UBERON:0006061  ! process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of mid-dorsal keel (AAO:0000735)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Elaboration of the mid-dorsal keel into a posterior or posterolateral process.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Neural spines are extensions of neural arches dorsal to the neural canal in the median skeletogenous septum. Neural spines are typically unpaired median structures but can be paired in some instances, e.g., in the abdominal region of basal teleosts such as Leptolepis, Elops, Megalops, and Hiodon).[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Small, posteriorly directed process at the posterior margin of each neural arch lamina; it is not a neural spine.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001077
name: transverse process of vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "The transverse or costal processes of a vertebra, two in number, project one at either side from the point where the lamina joins the pedicle, between the superior and inferior articular processes. They serve for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transverse_process]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "processus transversus" EXACT []
synonym: "processus transversus vertebrae" EXACT []
synonym: "transverse process" EXACT []
synonym: "vertebra transverse process" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000698
xref: FMA:11949
xref: MA:0001456
xref: SCTID:264238006
xref: XAO:0003102
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Processustransversusvertebrae.PNG/200px-Processustransversusvertebrae.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0006061  ! process of vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001078
name: pedicle of vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "The pedicles are two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body, at the junction of its posterior and lateral surfaces. They connect the body of the spinal vertebra to the arch. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pedicle_of_vertebral_arch]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pedicle" BROAD []
synonym: "pedicle of vertebral arch" EXACT [FMA:11950]
synonym: "pediculus arcus vertebrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "pediculus arcus vertebrae, radix arcus vertebrae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pedicle_of_vertebral_arch]
synonym: "vertebral pedicle" EXACT [FMA:11950]
xref: FMA:11950
xref: MA:0001458
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYdjdJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:277422007
xref: UMLS:C0223080
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Pediculusarcusvertebrae.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pediculusarcusvertebrae.png/200px-Pediculusarcusvertebrae.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pedicle_of_Vertebral_Arch
is_a: UBERON:0006061  ! process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001079
name: superior articular process of vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired processes at the cephalic end of the neural arch. The articular facets of the prezygapophyses face dorsomedially and articulate with the lateroventrally facing facets of the postzygapophyses of the preceding vertebra." [AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008]
comment: TODO - add distinct classes for hemal vs neural?
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cranial articular process of vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "neural prezygapophyses" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001325]
synonym: "neural prezygapophysis" EXACT [ZFA:0001325]
synonym: "neural prezygopophyses" EXACT [ZFA:0001325]
synonym: "prezygapophysis" EXACT []
synonym: "processus articularis superior" EXACT []
synonym: "vertebra cranial articular process" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000703
xref: FMA:11953
xref: MA:0001452
xref: SCTID:42424006
xref: TAO:0001325
xref: ZFA:0001325
xref: http://www.informatics.jax.org/cookbook/figures/figure20.shtml
is_a: UBERON:0006062  ! articular process of vertebra
property_value: external_definition "Paired, anteromedially directed processes from the neural arches, ligamentously joined to the postzygapophyses of the preceding vertebra.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001080
name: inferior articular process of vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired processes at the caudal end of the neural arch. The articular facets of the postzygapophyses face lateroventrally and articulate with the dorsomedially facing facets of the prezygapophyses of the succeeding vertebra." [AAO:LAP]
comment: TODO - add distinct classes for hemal vs neural?
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "caudal articular process of vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "neural postzygapophyses" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000681]
synonym: "neural postzygapophysis" NARROW [ZFA:0000681]
synonym: "neural postzygopophyses" RELATED [TAO:0000681]
synonym: "neural postzygopophysis" EXACT [ZFA:0000681]
synonym: "postzygapophysis" EXACT []
synonym: "processus articularis inferior" EXACT []
synonym: "processus obliquus posterior" RELATED [AAO:0000702]
synonym: "vertebra caudal articular process" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000702
xref: FMA:11954
xref: MA:0001451
xref: SCTID:30079000
xref: TAO:0000681
xref: ZFA:0000681
is_a: UBERON:0006062  ! articular process of vertebra
property_value: external_definition "Paired, dorsomedially directed processes on the posterior ends of the centra, ligamentously joined to the neural prezygapophyses of the immediately posterior vertebra.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001081
name: endocardium of ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Endocardium that is part of the cardiac ventricle." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cardiac ventricle endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0000607]
synonym: "ventricle endocardium" EXACT []
synonym: "ventricle of heart endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricular endocardium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:12148
xref: MA:0000079
xref: SCTID:192172004
xref: TAO:0002247
xref: VHOG:0000607
xref: ZFA:0001615
is_a: UBERON:0000487  ! simple squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004784 ! heart ventricle wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001082
name: epicardium of ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "The external layer of the ventricle bounding the ventricular myocardium. It is formed by a single layer of mesothelial cells supported by a basal lamina, and imbricated with collagen, fibroblasts, and vascular structures in the subepicardial space. <a href='ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-010912-30'>Hu et al. 2001.</a>." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cardiac ventricle epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac ventricle heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac ventricle visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epicardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epicardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epicardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epicardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart epicardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart epicardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart epicardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart epicardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle of heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle of heart heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle of heart visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricular epicardium" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:12150
xref: TAO:0005058
xref: ZFA:0005058
is_a: UBERON:0002348  ! epicardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0002348  ! epicardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
property_value: external_definition "The external layer of the ventricle bounding the ventricular myocardium.  It is formed by a single layer of mesothelial cells supported by a basal lamina, and imbricated with collagen, fibroblasts, and vascular structures in the subepicardial space. Hu et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001083
name: myocardium of ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Muscular layer of the cardiac ventricle composed of a compact myocardial layer surrounding the trabecular layer." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cardiac muscle of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac ventricle cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac ventricle heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac ventricle heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac ventricle muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac ventricle myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0000604]
synonym: "ventricle myocardium" EXACT []
synonym: "ventricle of heart cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle of heart heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle of heart heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle of heart muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricular myocardium" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0003088
xref: FMA:12151
xref: MA:0000082
xref: SCTID:192084000
xref: TAO:0005061
xref: VHOG:0000604
xref: ZFA:0005061
is_a: UBERON:0002349  ! myocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004784 ! heart ventricle wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0002349  ! myocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
property_value: external_definition "Muscular layer of the cardiac ventricle composed of a compact myocardial layer surrounding the trabecular layer Hu et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "As noted, the hearts of birds and mammals have four chambers that arises from the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the fish heart.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001084
name: skin of head
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - distinguish between entire skin of region and arbitrary zone of skin on region
synonym: "adult head zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head skin" EXACT []
synonym: "head zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:12166
xref: FMA:24756
xref: MA:0000582
xref: SCTID:181484006
xref: UMLS:C0205029
xref: ncithesaurus:Head_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0012180  ! head or neck skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001085
name: skin of trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - distinguish between entire skin of region and arbitrary zone of skin on region
synonym: "torso zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk skin" EXACT []
synonym: "trunk zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:12167
xref: FMA:23093
xref: MA:0000517
xref: SCTID:181489001
xref: UMLS:C0205031
xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Trunk
is_a: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001086
name: obsolete articular cartilage
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0010996  ! articular cartilage of joint
consider: UBERON:0011002  ! articular cartilage condensation
comment: obsoleted as it conflated two distinct classes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001087
name: pleural fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Transudate contained in the pleural cavity.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pleural_fluid]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0003080
xref: FMA:12273
xref: MA:0002532
xref: MAT:0000500
xref: ncithesaurus:Pleural_Fluid
is_a: UBERON:0007794  ! serous fluid
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001088
name: urine
namespace: uberon
def: "Excretion in liquid state processed by the kidney.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Urine]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0001419
xref: EFO:0001939
xref: ENVO:00002047
xref: FMA:12274
xref: GAID:1189
xref: MA:0002545
xref: MAT:0000058
xref: MESH:A12.207.927
xref: MIAA:0000058
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjGppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0042036
xref: galen:Urine
xref: ncithesaurus:Urine
is_a: UBERON:0000174  ! excreta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001089
name: sweat
namespace: uberon
def: "Secretion produced by a sweat gland.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Sweat]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "skin exudate" RELATED [BTO:0001254]
xref: BTO:0001254
xref: ENVO:02000025
xref: FMA:12275
xref: GAID:1172
xref: MA:0002539
xref: MESH:A12.200.849
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0038984
xref: ncithesaurus:Sweat
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001090
name: synovial fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Transudate contained in the synovial cavity of joints, and in the cavity of tendon sheaths and bursae.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Synovial_fluid]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "joint fluid" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001339
xref: ENVO:02000039
xref: FMA:12277
xref: GAID:265
xref: MA:0002544
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.443.800.800
xref: TAO:0005154
xref: UMLS:C0039097
xref: ZFA:0005154
xref: galen:SynovialFluid
xref: ncithesaurus:Synovial_Fluid
is_a: UBERON:0007794  ! serous fluid
relationship: located_in UBERON:0007617 ! synovial cavity of joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0007617 ! synovial cavity of joint
property_value: external_definition "Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the space in synovial joints.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001091
name: calcareous tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ with a cavity which consist of dentine surrounded by enamel. Examples: incisor, molar." [FMA:12516, Wikipedia:Tooth, Wikipedia:Tooth_(animal)]
comment: Editors note: we place ZFA ctb 5 tooth here for now. Consider changing name from calcaeous tooth. Note that sea cucumbers develop calcareous tooth-like structures
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dentine containing tooth" EXACT []
synonym: "tooth" EXACT []
synonym: "vertebrate tooth" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0000220
xref: BTO:0000397
xref: EFO:0000839
xref: EHDAA2:0004605
xref: EV:0100063
xref: FMA:12516
xref: GAID:1260
xref: MA:0000348
xref: MAT:0000041
xref: MESH:A14.254.860
xref: MIAA:0000041
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjUEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302214001
xref: TAO:0001625
xref: UMLS:C0040426
xref: VHOG:0000127
xref: VHOG:0001733
xref: XAO:0000431
xref: ZFA:0000694
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Teeth_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/200px-Teeth_by_David_Shankbone.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth
is_a: UBERON:0003913  ! tooth-like structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005087 ! tooth placode
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001751 ! dentine
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
property_value: has_relational_adjective "dental" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The ancestor of recent vertebrate teeth was a tooth-like structure on the outer body surface of jawless fishes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001092
name: cervical vertebra 1
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Atlas_(anatomy)]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "C1" BROAD []
synonym: "C1 vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "atlas" EXACT []
synonym: "atlas (CI)" EXACT []
synonym: "atlas vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "cervical atlas" EXACT [MP:0011576]
synonym: "first cervical vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "vertebra 1" EXACT [TAO:0001167]
xref: AAO:0000709
xref: EHDAA:10606
xref: FMA:12519
xref: GAID:236
xref: MA:0001421
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834.151.213
xref: SCTID:181818007
xref: TAO:0001167
xref: UMLS:C0004170
xref: ZFA:0001167
xref: ncithesaurus:C1_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002413  ! cervical vertebra
relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0001093 ! cervical vertebra 2
property_value: external_definition "First postcranial vertebra, which is modified anteriorly to articulate with the skull.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to the neurocranium.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: vertebra_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001093
name: cervical vertebra 2
namespace: uberon
def: "second cervical vertebra (C2) of the spine." [Wikipedia:Axis_(anatomy)]
comment: note: not the same as ZFA term 'axis'
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "C2" BROAD []
synonym: "C2 vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "axis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MA:0001422]
synonym: "axis (CII)" EXACT []
synonym: "axis vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "cervical axis" EXACT [MP:0004608]
synonym: "cervical vertebra 2" EXACT [MA:0001422]
synonym: "second cervical vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "vertebra 2" EXACT [ZFA:0001168]
xref: EHDAA:10608
xref: FMA:12520
xref: GAID:237
xref: MA:0001422
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834.151.383
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-zaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181819004
xref: TAO:0001168
xref: UMLS:C0004457
xref: ZFA:0001168
xref: ncithesaurus:C2_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002413  ! cervical vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1
property_value: external_definition "Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 1.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: vertebra_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001094
name: sacral vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A vertebra that is part of a sacral region of vertebral column." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sacral segment" EXACT []
synonym: "segment of sacrum" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18336
xref: FMA:12526
xref: MA:0000313
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-ZsXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361773005
xref: UMLS:C1261045
xref: XAO:0003078
xref: galen:SacralVertebra
xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0003828  ! abdominal segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
is_a: UBERON:0005179  ! pelvis organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010745 ! sacral vertebra cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001095
name: caudal vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "bones in the tails or coccyx of mammals. In zebrafish: Vertebra bearing a hemal arch and spine. The most posterior caudal vertebrae support the caudal fin and are referred to as preural vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Caudal_vertebra, ZFIN:curator]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "caudal vertebrae" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "tail vertebra" RELATED [MA:0000310]
xref: EMAPA:18374
xref: MA:0000310
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9IEzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0000326
xref: XAO:0003079
xref: ZFA:0000326
is_a: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006076 ! caudal region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006076 ! caudal region of vertebral column
property_value: external_definition "Vertebrae bearing a hemal arch and spine. The most posterior caudal vertebrae support the caudal fin and are referred to as preural vertebrae.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001096
name: wall of esophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "anatomical wall of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophageal wall" EXACT []
synonym: "esophagus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus wall" EXACT []
synonym: "gullet anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:12611
xref: MA:0002691
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001097
name: axillary lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The Axillary lymph nodes are of large size, vary from twenty to thirty in number, and may be arranged in the following groups: brachial lymph nodes (or 'lateral') pectoral axillary lymph nodes (or 'anterior') subscapular axillary lymph nodes (or 'posterior') central lymph nodes apical lymph nodes (or 'medial' or 'subclavicular') [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Axillary_lymph_node, Wikipedia:Axillary_lymph_nodes]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "axillary node" EXACT []
synonym: "nodi lymphoidei axillares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_lymph_nodes]
xref: FMA:12771
xref: MA:0000735
xref: SCTID:181759007
xref: UMLS:C0729594
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Gray607.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gray607.png/200px-Gray607.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Axillary_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0003968  ! peripheral lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001098
name: incisor tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "Incisors are the first kind of tooth in heterodont mammals. They are located in the premaxilla above and mandible below. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Incisor_tooth]
comment: Humans normally have eight (8) incisors; Among other animals, some other primates, cats and horses have twelve. Rodents have four, while Foxes have nine. Rabbits and hares (lagomorphs) were once considered rodents, but are distinguished by having eight b one small pair, called 'peg teeth', is located directly behind the most anterior pair. Incisors are used to bite off tough foods, such as red meat
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "incisor" EXACT [MA:0000349]
xref: BTO:0001741
xref: EHDAA:8011
xref: EHDAA:8047
xref: FMA:12823
xref: GAID:1263
xref: MA:0000349
xref: MESH:A14.254.860.425
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP1ch5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:420856006
xref: UMLS:C0021156
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gray997.png/200px-Gray997.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Incisor
is_a: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003672 ! dentition
disjoint_from: UBERON:0003655  ! molar tooth
disjoint_from: UBERON:0007120  ! premolar tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001099
name: subcostal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The subcostal vein is a vein in the human body that runs along the bottom of the twelfth rib. It has the same essential qualities as the posterior intercostal veins, except that it cannot be considered intercostal because it is not between two ribs. Each subcostal vein gives off a posterior (dorsal) branch which has a similar distribution to the posterior ramus of an intercostal artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subcostal_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vena subcostalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcostal_vein]
xref: FMA:12845
xref: MA:0002222
xref: SCTID:25248001
xref: UMLS:C0226653
xref: ncithesaurus:Subcostal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001100
name: pectoralis minor
namespace: uberon
def: "The Pectoralis minor is a thin, triangular muscle, situated at the upper part of the chest, beneath the Pectoralis major. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pectoralis_minor_muscle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus pectoralis minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectoralis_minor_muscle]
synonym: "pectoralis minor muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "supracoracoideus" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "supracoracoideus muscle" NARROW SENSU []
xref: EHDAA2:0001425
xref: EHDAA:8313
xref: EMAPA:18180
xref: FMA:13109
xref: MA:0002355
xref: SCTID:181625002
xref: UMLS:C0224347
xref: VHOG:0000902
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Pectoralis_minor.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Pectoralis_minor.png/200px-Pectoralis_minor.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pectoralis_Minor
is_a: UBERON:0001495  ! pectoral muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0007174 ! medial border of scapula
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001101
name: external jugular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The external jugular vein receives the greater part of the blood from the exterior of the cranium and the deep parts of the face, being formed by the junction of the posterior division of the posterior facial with the posterior auricular vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:External_jugular_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "external jugular" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000468]
synonym: "external jugular venous tree" EXACT []
synonym: "vena jugularis externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_jugular_vein]
xref: AAO:0010508
xref: EHDAA2:0000468
xref: EHDAA:9887
xref: EMAPA:17875
xref: FMA:13110
xref: MA:0002156
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvrm0c5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181373000
xref: UMLS:C0226543
xref: XAO:0000379
xref: galen:ExternalJugularVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Jugular_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0004711  ! jugular vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein
property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the muscles of the head and tongue and the thyroid gland.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001102
name: cartilage of main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "bronchus principalis cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilaginous ring of main bronchus" EXACT [EMAPA:19092]
synonym: "main bronchial cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "main bronchus cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "primary bronchus cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19092
xref: FMA:13117
xref: MA:0001846
is_a: UBERON:0001956  ! cartilage of bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0003590  ! main bronchus connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001103
name: diaphragm
namespace: uberon
def: "The diaphragm is a skeletal muscle that is responsible for contraction and expansion of the lungs[GO]." [GO:0060539, Wikipedia:Thoracid_diaphragm]
comment: The existence of some membrane separating the pharynx from the stomach can be traced widely among the chordates. Thus amphioxus possesses an atrium by which water exits the pharynx, which has been argued (and disputed) to be homologous to structures in ascidians and hagfishes.[3] The urochordate epicardium separates digestive organs from the pharynx and heart, but the anus returns to the upper compartment to discharge wastes through an outgoing siphon (Thoracic_diaphragm#Comparative_anatomy_and_evolution)
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "diaphragm muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000341]
synonym: "midriff" RELATED [BTO:0000341]
synonym: "phren" RELATED [BTO:0000341]
synonym: "thoracic diaphragm" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000341
xref: EFO:0000937
xref: EHDAA2:0003495
xref: EMAPA:17701
xref: EV:0100376
xref: FMA:13295
xref: GAID:158
xref: MA:0001904
xref: MAT:0000502
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.900.300
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVivz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181614006
xref: UMLS:C0011980
xref: VHOG:0000713
xref: ncithesaurus:Diaphragm
is_a: UBERON:0002426  ! chest muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003831  ! respiratory system muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003898  ! skeletal muscle of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0004830  ! respiratory system skeletal muscle
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010084 ! future diaphragm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
property_value: external_definition "A musculomembranous partition separating the abdominal and thoraic cavities and functioning in respiration. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "phrenic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The mammals are characterized by a diaphragm, which separates the thoracic portion of the body cavity from the abdominal region and assists in drawing air into the lungs and forcing it out. Modern reptiles lack a muscular diaphragm and it is reasonable to suppose that the diaphragm developed as a new device that made possible a large degree of oxygen intake for active animals. The change may have taken place during the transition from reptile to mammal (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001104
name: anterior jugular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior jugular vein begins near the hyoid bone by the confluence of several superficial veins from the submaxillary region. It descends between the median line and the anterior border of the Sternocleidomastoideus, and, at the lower part of the neck, passes beneath that muscle to open into the termination of the external jugular, or, in some instances, into the subclavian vein. It varies considerably in size, bearing usually an inverse proportion to the external jugular; most frequently there are two anterior jugulars, a right and left; but sometimes only one. Its tributaries are some laryngeal veins, and occasionally a small thyroid vein. Just above the sternum the two anterior jugular veins communicate by a transverse trunk, the venous jugular arch, which receive tributaries from the inferior thyroid veins; each also communicates with the internal jugular. There are no valves in this vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_jugular_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior external jugular vein" EXACT []
synonym: "vena jugularis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_jugular_vein]
xref: FMA:13318
xref: MA:0002155
xref: SCTID:65478008
xref: UMLS:C0226545
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray558.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gray558.png/200px-Gray558.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Jugular_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0004711  ! jugular vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001105
name: clavicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A paired dermal or endochondral bone that is part of the pectoral girdle. The clavicle may be in contact with the interclavicle or coracoid and forms an attachment site for pectoral musculature. [PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Clavicle]
comment: Taxon notes: The clavicle first appears as part of the skeleton in primitive bony fish, where it is associated with the pectoral fin; they also have a bone called the cleithrum. In such fish, the paired clavicles run behind and below the gills on each side, and are joined by a solid symphysis on the fish's underside. They are, however, absent in cartilagenous fish and in the vast majority of living bony fish, including all of the teleosts[ISBN 0-03-910284-X] AO Notes: FMA and MA differ in whether they consider this part of the shoulder. Development notes: In most birds and mammals the clavicles are the only dermal elements in the trunk, and is the only membrane bone associated with the pectoral girdle in these taxa. However, there can be secondary cartilage, or subsequent endochondral ossification, or fusion with endochondral elements. In rodents, the lateral ends of the clavicle are endochondral but the main portion is dermal.[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "clavicle bone" EXACT [VSAO:0005031]
synonym: "clavicula" EXACT [VSAO:0005031]
synonym: "collar bone" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000761
xref: EMAPA:18721
xref: FMA:13321
xref: GAID:182
xref: MA:0001329
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.227
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjijZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181910004
xref: UMLS:C0008913
xref: VHOG:0000849
xref: VSAO:0005031
xref: galen:Clavicle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg/200px-Pectoral_girdles-en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Clavicle
is_a: UBERON:0002495  ! long bone
is_a: UBERON:0003461  ! shoulder bone
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010905 ! clavicle bone primordium
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010843 ! clavicle cartilaginous condensation
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of zonal element (AAO:0000936)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Slender, paired bones of intramembranous origin that invest the anterior margins of the procoracoids.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "clavicular" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In early tetrapods, the connecting skull bone, the posttemporal, and adjoining shoulder bones, supracleithrum and postcleithrum (=anocleithrum), are absent, leaving a dermal shoulder girdle composed of the remaining ventral elements: the paired cleithrum and clavicle, and an unpaired midventral interclavicle that joins both halves of the girdle across the midline. (...) Several dermal elements of the shoulder persist in early synapsids. The clavicle and interclavicle are present in therapsids and monotremes, but in marsupials and placentals, the interclavicle is absent, the clavicle often is reduced in size, and the scapula becomes the predominant shoulder element.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001106
name: cephalic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the cephalic vein is a superficial vein of the upper limb. It is also called the antecubital vein. It communicates with the basilic vein via the median cubital vein at the elbow and is located in the superficial fascia along the anterolateral surface of the biceps brachii muscle. Superiorly the cephalic vein passes between the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles and through the deltopectoral triangle, where it empties into the axillary vein. It is often visible through the skin, and its location in the deltopectoral groove is fairly consistent, making this site a good candidate for cannulation. It is often referred to as the 'House-man's Friend' for this reason and is generally a good place for cannulaton when a large bore cannula needs to be sited. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cephalic_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cephalic vein of forearm" EXACT []
synonym: "vena cephalica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cephalic_vein]
synonym: "vena cephalica antebrachii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13324, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:25075
xref: FMA:13324
xref: MA:0002092
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwTpbQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181391005
xref: UMLS:C0226802
xref: galen:CephalicVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Gray574.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cephalic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003507  ! arm blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 ! axillary vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001107
name: sternohyoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The sternohyoid muscle is a thin, narrow muscle attaching the hyoid bone to the sternum, one of the paired strap muscles of the infrahyoid muscles serving to depress the hyoid bone. It is innervated by the ansa cervicalis. The muscle arises from the posterior border of the medial end of the clavicle, the posterior sternoclavicular ligament, and the upper and posterior part of the manubrium sterni. Passing upward and medially, it is inserted by short tendinous fibers into the lower border of the body of the hyoid bone. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle]
comment: AO notes: Note that as defined here, this structure attaches to the sternum, which is a tetrapod structure. TAO has class 'sternohyoid' as part of mandibular muscle, but no sternum, so excluded here. The TAO/ZFA class has no definition, but the dictionary of icthyology states: \"a large muscle originating on the ventral spine of the postcleithrum and inserting on the sides of the urohyal. It functions in rapid opening of the jaw and expanding the buccal cavity\" - a generic way of grouping these is via a hyoid - girdle connection
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "musculus sternohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternohyoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternohyoidei" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternohyoideus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle]
xref: EMAPA:19271
xref: FMA:13341
xref: MA:0002383
xref: SCTID:244830003
xref: UMLS:C0224162
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Sternohyoid_muscle.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sternohyoid_muscle.PNG/200px-Sternohyoid_muscle.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Sternohyoid
is_a: UBERON:0008523  ! infrahyoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002205 ! manubrium of sternum
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0005430 ! ansa cervicalis
property_value: external_definition "The sternohyoid is a somitic muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the cervical plexus; it attaches to the hyoid appratus and the sternum.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001108
name: omohyoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The omohyoid muscle is a muscle at the front of the neck that consists of two bellies separated by an intermediate tendon. It belongs to the group of infrahyoid muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Omohyoid_muscle]
comment: interior and superior belly
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus omohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Omohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "omohyoid" EXACT []
synonym: "omohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Omohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "omohyoideus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Omohyoid_muscle]
xref: FMA:13342
xref: MA:0002348
xref: SCTID:244833001
xref: UMLS:C0224163
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Gray1210.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Gray1210.png/200px-Gray1210.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Omohyoid
is_a: UBERON:0008523  ! infrahyoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0005430 ! ansa cervicalis
property_value: external_definition "The omohyoid is a somitic muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the cervical plexus; it attaches to the hyoid appratus and the scapula.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001109
name: sternothyroid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sternothyreoideus (or Sternothyroid muscle) is shorter and wider than the Sternohyoideus, beneath which it is situated. It arises from the posterior surface of the manubrium sterni, below the origin of the Sternohyoideus, and from the edge of the cartilage of the first rib, and sometimes that of the second rib, it is inserted into the oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage. This muscle is in close contact with its fellow at the lower part of the neck, but diverges somewhat as it ascends; it is occasionally traversed by a transverse or oblique tendinous inscription. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus sternothyroideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle]
synonym: "sterno-thyroideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle]
synonym: "sternothyreoidei" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle]
synonym: "sternothyreoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle]
synonym: "sternothyroid" EXACT []
synonym: "sternothyroideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle]
xref: EMAPA:19272
xref: FMA:13343
xref: MA:0002386
xref: SCTID:244831004
xref: UMLS:C0224166
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Sternothyroideus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Sternothyroideus.png/200px-Sternothyroideus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sternothyroid
is_a: UBERON:0008523  ! infrahyoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002205 ! manubrium of sternum
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0005430 ! ansa cervicalis
property_value: external_definition "The sternothyroid is a somitic muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the cervical plexus; it attaches to the thyroid cartilage and the sternum.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001110
name: thyrohyoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The thyrohyoid muscle is a small, quadrilateral muscle appearing like an upward continuation of the Sternothyreoideus. It belongs to the infrahyoid muscles group. It arises from the oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage, and is inserted into the lower border of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus thyrohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyreohyoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyreohyoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyrohyoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyrohyoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle]
xref: EMAPA:19273
xref: EMAPA:25143
xref: FMA:13344
xref: MA:0002393
xref: SCTID:244832006
xref: UMLS:C0224167
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Thyrohyoid_muscle.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Thyrohyoid_muscle.PNG/200px-Thyrohyoid_muscle.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyrohyoid
is_a: UBERON:0008523  ! infrahyoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000962 ! nerve of cervical vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve
property_value: external_definition "The thyrohyoid is a somitic muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by C1 and Cranial Nerve XII ; it attaches to the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid apparatus.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001111
name: intercostal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Intercostal muscles are several groups of muscles that run between the ribs, and help form and move the chest wall. There are three principal layers; the external intercostal muscles, which aid in quiet and forced inhalation. They originate on ribs 1-11 and have their insertion on ribs 2-12. The external intercostals are responsible for the elevation of the ribs, and expanding the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. Located around the ribs the internal intercostal muscles, which aid in forced expiration (quiet expiration is a passive process). They originate on ribs 2-12 and have their insertions on ribs 1-11. The internal intercostals are responsible for the depression of the ribs decreasing the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. the innermost intercostal muscle, the deep layers of the internal intercostal muscles which are separated from them by the neurovascular bundle. Both the external and internal muscles are innervated by the intercostal nerves, and are provided by the intercostal arteries and intercostal veins. Their fibers run in opposite directions. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intercostal_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intercostales" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0005281
xref: EFO:0001368
xref: EHDAA2:0000841
xref: EHDAA:5988
xref: FMA:13354
xref: GAID:159
xref: MA:0002324
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.900.500
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQo8QJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181746004
xref: UMLS:C0021724
xref: VHOG:0000903
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Gray411.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Gray411.png/200px-Gray411.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Intercostal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002426  ! chest muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010970 ! intercostal pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003727 ! intercostal nerve
relationship: located_in UBERON:0012198 ! intercostal space
property_value: homology_notes "Inspiration by active expansion of the thorax evolved later, in the ancestor of reptiles, birds, and mammals. This was powered originally by the intercostal muscles (as in lizards or crocodilians) and later (in mammals only) by a muscular diaphragm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001112
name: latissimus dorsi muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The latissimus dorsi is the larger, flat, dorso-lateral muscle on the trunk, posterior to the arm, and partly covered by the trapezius on its median dorsal region. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Latissimus_dorsi_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "latissimus dorsi" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus latissimus dorsi" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Latissimus_dorsi_muscle]
xref: EFO:0003067
xref: EHDAA2:0000932
xref: EHDAA:8307
xref: EMAPA:18178
xref: FMA:13357
xref: MA:0002331
xref: SCTID:181747008
xref: UMLS:C0224362
xref: VHOG:0000930
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Latissimus_dorsi.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Latissimus_dorsi.png/200px-Latissimus_dorsi.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Musculus_Latissimus_Dorsi
is_a: UBERON:0001482  ! muscle of shoulder
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010982 ! latissimus dorsi pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001476 ! deltoid
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002380 ! trapezius
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007175 ! inferior angle of scapula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001113
name: lobe of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "Traditional gross anatomy divided the liver into four lobes based on surface features. The falciform ligament is visible on the front (anterior side) of the liver. This divides the liver into a left anatomical lobe, and a right anatomical lobe." [Wikipedia:Liver#Lobes]
comment: editor note: some work needs to be done to ensure the child terms of this class have correct isa/partof placement. in MA they are subclasses, in FMA they are parts
synonym: "hepatic lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "liver lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "lobus hepatis" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18306
xref: FMA:13361
xref: MA:0000360
xref: SCTID:245378000
xref: UMLS:C0447541
xref: ncithesaurus:Liver_Lobe
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001114
name: right lobe of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "The right lobe is much larger than the left; the proportion between them being as six to one. It occupies the right hypochondrium, and is separated from the left lobe on its upper surface by the falciform ligament; on its under and posterior surfaces by the left sagittal fossa; and in front by the umbilical notch. It is of a somewhat quadrilateral form, its under and posterior surfaces being marked by three fossC&: the porta and the fossC& for the gall-bladder and inferior vena cava, which separate its left part into two smaller lobes; the quadrate and caudate lobes. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Right_lobe_of_liver]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "2nd lobe" RELATED [TAO:0005173]
synonym: "gall bladder lobe" RELATED SENSU [ZFA:0005173]
synonym: "liver right lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "lobus hepaticus dexter" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "lobus hepatis dexter" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_lobe_of_liver]
synonym: "right liver lobe" EXACT [ZFA:0005173]
synonym: "second lobe" RELATED [TAO:0005173]
xref: EHDAA2:0001008
xref: EHDAA:4001
xref: EMAPA:18311
xref: FMA:13362
xref: MA:0000363
xref: SCTID:362182008
xref: TAO:0005173
xref: UMLS:C0227481
xref: VHOG:0001424
xref: ZFA:0005173
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png/200px-Gray1087-liver.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lobe_of_the_Liver
is_a: UBERON:0001113  ! lobe of liver
property_value: external_definition "Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's right side adjacent to the gall bladder.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001115
name: left lobe of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "The left lobe is smaller and more flattened than the right. It is situated in the epigastric and left hypochondriac regions. Its upper surface is slightly convex and is moulded on to the diaphragm; its under surface presents the gastric impression and omental tuberosity. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_lobe_of_liver]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "left liver lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "liver left lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "lobus hepaticus sinister" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "lobus hepatis sinister" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_lobe_of_liver]
xref: EHDAA2:0001000
xref: EHDAA:3995
xref: EMAPA:18307
xref: FMA:13363
xref: MA:0000361
xref: SCTID:362183003
xref: TAO:0005172
xref: UMLS:C0227486
xref: VHOG:0001423
xref: ZFA:0005172
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png/200px-Gray1087-liver.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lobe_of_the_Liver
is_a: UBERON:0001113  ! lobe of liver
property_value: external_definition "Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's left side.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001116
name: quadrate lobe of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "The quadrate lobe is an area of the liver situated on the under surface of the right lobe, bounded in front by the anterior margin of the liver; behind by the porta hepatis; on the right, by the fossa for the gall-bladder; and on the left, by the fossa for the umbilical vein. It is oblong in shape, its antero-posterior diameter being greater than its transverse. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Quadrate_lobe_of_liver]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "liver quadrate lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "lobus quadratus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Quadrate_lobe_of_liver]
xref: EHDAA2:0001012
xref: EHDAA:8082
xref: EMAPA:18318
xref: FMA:13364
xref: MA:0000365
xref: SCTID:279929003
xref: VHOG:0000509
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png/200px-Gray1087-liver.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lobus_Quadratus
is_a: UBERON:0001114  ! right lobe of liver
property_value: external_definition "The portion of the right lobe of the liver between the gall bladder, the porta hepatis, the round ligament and the lower margin of the organ. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001117
name: caudate lobe of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "The caudate lobe (posterior hepatic segment I, Spigelian lobe) is situated upon the postero-superior surface of the liver on the right lobe of the liver, opposite the tenth and eleventh thoracic vertebrae. It is bounded on the left side by the physiological division of the liver called the ligamentum venosum. It is bounded, below, by the porta; on the right, by the fossa for the inferior vena cava; and, on the left, by the fossa for the ductus venosus. It looks backward, being nearly vertical in position; it is longer from above downward than from side to side, and is somewhat concave in the transverse direction. The caudate process is a small elevation of the hepatic substance extending obliquely and laterally, from the lower extremity of the caudate lobe to the under surface of the right lobe. It is situated behind the porta, and separates the fossa for the gall-bladder from the commencement of the fossa for the inferior vena cava. Budd-Chiari syndrome, caused by occlusion of hepatic venous outflow, can lead to hypertrophy of the caudate lobe due to its own caval anastomosis that allows for continued function of this lobe of the liver. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Caudate_lobe_of_liver]
comment: Editor/taxon notes: Check left vs right in mouse and human
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "couinaud hepatic segment i" EXACT [FMA:13365]
synonym: "hepatovenous segment i" EXACT []
synonym: "liver caudate lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "liver caudate process" RELATED []
synonym: "lobus caudatus" EXACT []
synonym: "pars posterior hepatis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13365, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior hepatic segment i" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior liver" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior part of liver" EXACT []
synonym: "segment hepatis posterius I, lobus caudatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Caudate_lobe_of_liver]
synonym: "segment i of liver" EXACT []
synonym: "segmentum hepatis i" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13365, FMA:TA]
synonym: "spiegelian lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "spigel lobe" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001005
xref: EHDAA:6990
xref: EMAPA:18313
xref: FMA:13365
xref: MA:0000364
xref: SCTID:362184009
xref: UMLS:C0227489
xref: VHOG:0000508
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png/200px-Gray1087-liver.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lobus_Caudatus
is_a: UBERON:0001114  ! right lobe of liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver
property_value: external_definition "The portion of the right lobe of the liver between the fissure of the ligamentum venosum and the bare area of the liver. It ends into the superior recess of the lesser peritoneal sac. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The caudate lobe is the only real and constant hepatic lobe of mammals (...) .[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001118
name: lobe of thyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The lobes of the thyroid gland are conical in shape, the apex of each being directed upward and lateralward as far as the junction of the middle with the lower third of the thyroid cartilage; the base looks downward, and is on a level with the fifth or sixth tracheal ring. Each lobe is about 5 cm. long; its greatest width is about 3 cm. , and its thickness about 2 cm. The lateral or superficial surface is convex, and covered by the skin, the superficial and deep fasciC&, the Sternocleidomastoideus, the superior belly of the Omohyoideus, the Sternohyoideus and Sternothyreoideus, and beneath the last muscle by the pretracheal layer of the deep fascia, which forms a capsule for the gland. The deep or medial surface is moulded over the underlying structures, viz. , the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, the trachea, the Constrictor pharyngis inferior and posterior part of the Cricothyreoideus, the esophagus (particularly on the left side of the neck), the superior and inferior thyroid arteries, and the recurrent nerves. The anterior border is thin, and inclines obliquely from above downward toward the middle line of the neck, while the posterior border is thick and overlaps the common carotid artery, and, as a rule, the parathyroids. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lobes_of_thyroid_gland]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "lobuli glandulae thyroideae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lobes_of_thyroid_gland]
synonym: "lobus (glandula thyroidea)" EXACT []
synonym: "thyroid gland lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "thyroid lobe" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0002032
xref: EMAPA:18196
xref: EMAPA:18830
xref: FMA:13367
xref: MA:0000131
xref: SCTID:245537001
xref: UMLS:C0447647
xref: VHOG:0000732
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray1174.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Gray1174.png/200px-Gray1174.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland_Lobe
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
property_value: homology_notes "Thus, a thyroid capable of forming iodotyrosines and iodothyronines is present in all vertebrates. (...) Certain morphologic changes occur after the biochemical evolution of the thyroid has ceased. In the adult lamprey and in most bony fishes, the gland is not encapsulated. (...) In cartilaginous fish, the thyroid is encapsulated. In the higher vertebrate forms, the thyroid is a one- or two-lobed encapsulated structure.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001119
name: right lobe of thyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobe of thyroid gland that is in the right side of a thyroid gland." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobus dexter (glandula thyroidea)" EXACT []
synonym: "right thyroid lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "thyroid gland right lobe" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001759
xref: EMAPA:18198
xref: FMA:13368
xref: MA:0000729
xref: SCTID:170482008
xref: UMLS:C0229581
xref: VHOG:0000733
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Thyroid_Gland_Lobe
is_a: UBERON:0001118  ! lobe of thyroid gland
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0001118  ! lobe of thyroid gland
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
property_value: homology_notes "Thus, a thyroid capable of forming iodotyrosines and iodothyronines is present in all vertebrates. (...) Certain morphologic changes occur after the biochemical evolution of the thyroid has ceased. In the adult lamprey and in most bony fishes, the gland is not encapsulated. (...) In cartilaginous fish, the thyroid is encapsulated. In the higher vertebrate forms, the thyroid is a one- or two-lobed encapsulated structure.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001120
name: left lobe of thyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobe of thyroid gland that is in the left side of a thyroid gland." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left thyroid lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "lobus sinister (glandula thyroidea)" EXACT []
synonym: "thyroid gland left lobe" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000965
xref: EMAPA:18197
xref: FMA:13369
xref: MA:0000728
xref: SCTID:170784008
xref: UMLS:C0229582
xref: VHOG:0000734
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Thyroid_Gland_Lobe
is_a: UBERON:0001118  ! lobe of thyroid gland
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0001118  ! lobe of thyroid gland
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
property_value: homology_notes "Thus, a thyroid capable of forming iodotyrosines and iodothyronines is present in all vertebrates. (...) Certain morphologic changes occur after the biochemical evolution of the thyroid has ceased. In the adult lamprey and in most bony fishes, the gland is not encapsulated. (...) In cartilaginous fish, the thyroid is encapsulated. In the higher vertebrate forms, the thyroid is a one- or two-lobed encapsulated structure.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001121
name: longus colli muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Longus colli muscle is a muscle of the human body. The Longus colli is situated on the anterior surface of the vertebral column, between the atlas and the third thoracic vertebra. It is broad in the middle, narrow and pointed at either end, and consists of three portions, a superior oblique, an inferior oblique, and a vertical. The superior oblique portion arises from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, and fifth cervical vertebrC& and, ascending obliquely with a medial inclination, is inserted by a narrow tendon into the tubercle on the anterior arch of the atlas. The inferior oblique portion, the smallest part of the muscle, arises from the front of the bodies of the first two or three thoracic vertebrC&; and, ascending obliquely in a lateral direction, is inserted into the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the fifth and sixth cervical vertebrC&. The vertical portion arises, below, from the front of the bodies of the upper three thoracic and lower three cervical vertebrC&, and is inserted into the front of the bodies of the second, third, and fourth cervical vertebrC&. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longus_colli_muscle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "longi colli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Longus_colli_muscle]
synonym: "longus colli" EXACT [MA:0002341]
synonym: "longus colli muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Longus_colli_muscle]
synonym: "musculus longus colli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Longus_colli_muscle]
xref: FMA:13370
xref: MA:0002341
xref: SCTID:244836009
xref: UMLS:C0224169
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Longus_colli.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Longus_colli.png/200px-Longus_colli.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Longus_Colli
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
is_a: UBERON:0005178  ! thoracic cavity organ
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003996 ! arcus anterior
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: located_in UBERON:0008818 ! superior mediastinum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001122
name: scalenus medius
namespace: uberon
def: "The Scalenus medius, the largest and longest of the three scalene muscles, arises from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the lower six cervical vertebrC&. It descendes along the side of the vertebral column to insert by a broad attachment into the upper surface of the first rib, between the tubercle and the subclavian groove. The brachial plexus and the subclavian artery pass anterior to it. Because it elevates the upper ribs, the middle scalene muscle is also one of the accessory muscles of respiration. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scalenus_medius]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "medial scalene muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "middle scalene" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus scalenus medius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13386, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Scalenus_medius]
synonym: "scalenus medius muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:13386
xref: MA:0002370
xref: SCTID:244844009
xref: UMLS:C0224174
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Scalenus_medius.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Scalenus_medius.png/200px-Scalenus_medius.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Scalenus_Medius
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004601 ! rib 1
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000962 ! nerve of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001123
name: scalenus posterior
namespace: uberon
def: "The Scalenus posterior (Scalenus posticus), the smallest and most deeply seated of the three Scaleni, arises, by two or three separate tendons, from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the lower two or three cervical vertebrC&, and is inserted by a thin tendon into the outer surface of the second rib, behind the attachment of the Serratus anterior. It is occasionally blended with the Scalenus medius. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scalenus_posterior]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus scalenus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13387, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Scalenus_posterior]
synonym: "posterior scalene" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior scalene muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "scalenus dorsalis" EXACT []
synonym: "scalenus dorsalis muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:13387
xref: MA:0002369
xref: UMLS:C1710019
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Scalenus_posterior.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Scalenus_posterior.png/200px-Scalenus_posterior.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Scalenus_Dorsalis
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001124
name: pectoral limb scapula
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the scapula, omo (Medical Latin), or shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). The scapula forms the posterior (back) located part of the shoulder girdle. In humans, it is a flat bone, roughly triangular in shape, placed on a posterolateral aspect of the thoracic cage. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scapula]
comment: Alternate definition: A scapula that is connected to a pectoral limb. Taxon notes: present in all tetrapods with even vestiges of anterior limbs, e.g., turtles & birds & mammals. Development notes: chick scapula is of dual origin and segmentally organized[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "shoulder blade" EXACT []
synonym: "tetrapod scapula" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000751
xref: BTO:0001218
xref: EFO:0001400
xref: EMAPA:18722
xref: FMA:13394
xref: GAID:186
xref: MA:0001330
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVji0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302517007
xref: UMLS:C0036277
xref: VHOG:0001398
xref: galen:Scapula
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg/200px-Pectoral_girdles-en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Scapula
is_a: UBERON:0003461  ! shoulder bone
is_a: UBERON:0006849  ! scapula
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006290 ! scapula cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: has pars glenoidalis of scapula (AAO:0000753)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired bony elements of endochondral origin. They are situated at the level of the jaw articulation, in a vertical position, with the suprascapular margin being dorsal and the glenoid end being ventral.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001125
name: serratus anterior
namespace: uberon
def: "The serratus anterior is a muscle that originates on the surface of the upper eight or nine ribs at the side of the chest and inserts along the entire anterior length of the medial border of the scapula. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Serratus_anterior_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Boxer's muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus serratus anterior, serratus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Serratus_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "serratus anterior muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "serratus ventralis" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001832
xref: EHDAA:9463
xref: EMAPA:18525
xref: FMA:13397
xref: MA:0002378
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWn_D5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181748003
xref: UMLS:C1710059
xref: VHOG:0000679
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Serratus_anterior.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Serratus_anterior.png/200px-Serratus_anterior.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Serratus_Ventralis
is_a: UBERON:0001482  ! muscle of shoulder
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010986 ! serratus anterior pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002380 ! trapezius
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006849 ! scapula
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003726 ! thoracic nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001126
name: serratus posterior superior muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Serratus posterior superior is a thin, quadrilateral muscle, situated at the upper and back part of the thorax. It arises by a thin and broad aponeurosis from the lower part of the ligamentum nuchae, from the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper two or three thoracic vertebrC& and from the supraspinal ligament. Inclining downward and lateralward it becomes muscular, and is inserted, by four fleshy digitations, into the upper borders of the second, third, fourth, and fifth ribs, a little beyond their angles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Serratus_posterior_superior_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "serratus dorsalis cranialis" EXACT [MA:0002377]
synonym: "serratus dorsalis cranialis muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "serratus posterior superior" EXACT [FMA:13401]
synonym: "superior serratus posterior" EXACT []
xref: FMA:13401
xref: MA:0002377
xref: SCTID:244935007
xref: UMLS:C1710058
xref: ncithesaurus:Serratus_Dorsalis_Cranialis
is_a: UBERON:0003830  ! thoracic segment muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011217  ! serratus posterior
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000351 ! nuchal ligament
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001076 ! spinous process of vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003727 ! intercostal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001127
name: serratus posterior inferior muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Serratus posterior inferior muscle (or posterior serratus) is a muscle of the human body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Serratus_posterior_inferior_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "inferior serratus posterior" EXACT []
synonym: "serratus dorsalis caudalis" EXACT []
synonym: "serratus posterior inferior" EXACT [FMA:13402, MA:0002376]
xref: FMA:13402
xref: MA:0002376
xref: SCTID:244936008
xref: UMLS:C1711277
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Serratus_posterior.PNG/200px-Serratus_posterior.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Serratus_posterior.PNG/250px-Serratus_posterior.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Serratus_Dorsalis_Caudalis
is_a: UBERON:0011217  ! serratus posterior
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003727 ! intercostal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001128
name: sternocleidomastoid
namespace: uberon
def: "a paired muscle in the superficial layers of the anterior portion of the neck. It acts to flex and rotate the head. It also acts as an accessory muscle of inspiration, along with the scalene muscles of the neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
comment: Editor notes: TODO: sternocleidomastoid = sternomastoid + Cleidomastoideus. Origin: from manubrium sterni (sterno) and clavicle (cleido) and it's insertion at the mastoid process of the temporal bone.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "SCM" BROAD ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "musculus sternocleidomastoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sterno-cleido-mastoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sterno-mastoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternocleidomastoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternocleidomastoid muscle" EXACT [BTO:0005125]
synonym: "sternocleidomastoid muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternocleidomastoidei" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternocleidomastoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternocleidomastoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternocleidomastoids" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternomastoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "sternomastoid muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
synonym: "supraclavicularis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle]
xref: BTO:0005125
xref: EMAPA:25137
xref: FMA:13407
xref: MA:0002384
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2bMg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181741009
xref: UMLS:C0224153
xref: VHOG:0000853
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Gray512.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gray512.png/200px-Gray512.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sternocleidomastoid_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011364  ! cleidocephalicus muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010987 ! sterno-mastoid pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002205 ! manubrium of sternum
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003725 ! cervical plexus
property_value: homology_notes "The sternomastoid and the three parts of the trapezius are branchiomeric muscles that have secondarily acquired an attachment to the pectoral girdle. They evolved from the fish cucullaris.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001129
name: subscapularis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The subscapularis is a large triangular muscle which fills the subscapular fossa and inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and the front of the capsule of the shoulder-joint. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subscapularis_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus subscapularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subscapularis_muscle]
synonym: "subcoracoscapularis" RELATED SENSU [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "subscapularis" EXACT [MA:0002388]
xref: EHDAA2:0001943
xref: EHDAA:8317
xref: EMAPA:18181
xref: FMA:13413
xref: MA:0002388
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rviCRIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:277446000
xref: UMLS:C0584884
xref: VHOG:0000850
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Gray411.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Gray411.png/200px-Gray411.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Subscapularis
is_a: UBERON:0001482  ! muscle of shoulder
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010993 ! subscapularis pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003683 ! rotator cuff
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001130
name: vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all the vertebra and associated skeletal elements and joints in the body." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Vertebral_column, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3530322&group_id=76834&atid=2257941]
comment: Editor notes: Note that in contrast to VSAO, this is a subset of the skeletal system, and thus includes intervertebral joints, cartilage and ligaments etc. Some ontologies such as AAO seem to purely refer to the skeleton
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "backbone" NARROW [FMA:13478]
synonym: "columna vertebralis" RELATED [BTO:0000818]
synonym: "spinal column" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.232.834]
synonym: "spine" BROAD [FMA:13478]
synonym: "vertebral column skeleton" NARROW [AAO:0000699]
synonym: "vertebral region" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000699
xref: AAO:0000734
xref: BTO:0000818
xref: EFO:0001369
xref: EHDA:10119
xref: EMAPA:16666
xref: FMA:13478
xref: GAID:106
xref: MA:0002416
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1145756102
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2j-CpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6GF55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkFEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:44300000
xref: TAO:0001559
xref: UMLS:C0037949
xref: UMLS:C1519455
xref: VHOG:0001142
xref: VSAO:0000185
xref: XAO:0003074
xref: ZFA:0001559
xref: galen:SpinalColumn
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Column
xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Column
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011138 ! post-cranial axial skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0008260  ! spine appendage
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of all the vertebra in the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The vertebral column consists of a series of vertebrae connected by ligaments. It provides a supporting axis for the body and protects the spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrata is characterized by three synapomorphies. First, vertebrates have a backbone composed of vertebrae (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001131
name: vertebral foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "In a typical vertebra, the vertebral foramen is the foramen formed by the anterior segment, and the posterior part, the vertebral arch. The vertebral foramen begins at cervical vertebrae #1 and continues inferior to lumbar vertebrae #5. Within this foramen the spinal cord and associated meninges are housed. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_foramen]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "foramen vertebrale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vertebral_foramen]
synonym: "vertebra neural canal" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000729
xref: FMA:13479
xref: MA:0001454
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv_EvQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:280734009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Foramenvertebrale.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Foramenvertebrale.png/200px-Foramenvertebrale.png
is_a: UBERON:0010276  ! vertebral column opening
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
property_value: external_definition "Opening on the vertebra for a spinal nerve as it emerges from the spinal canal.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001132
name: parathyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The parathyroid gland is an organ specialised for secretion of parathyroid hormone[GO]. Parathyroid glands control the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones[WP]." [Wikipedia:Parathyroid_gland]
comment: Development notes: table 13.1 of Kardong is used to create the taxon-specific developmental relationships here, although some omissions are made for simplicity. Additional notes: Parathyroid glands are found in all adult tetrapods, although they vary in their number, and in their exact position. Mammals typically have four parathyroids, while other groups typically have six. Fish do not possess parathyroid glands, although the ultimobranchial glands, which are found close to the oesophagus, may have a similar function and could even be homologous with the tetrapod parathyroids. Even these glands are absent in the most primitive vertebrates, the jawless fish, but as these species have no bone in their skeletons, only cartilage, it may be that they have less need to regulate calcium metabolism. The conserved homology of genes and calcium-sensing receptors in fish gills with those in the parathryroid glands of birds and mammals is recognized by evolutionary developmental biology as evolution-using genes and gene networks in novel ways to generate new structures with some similar functions and novel functions[WP]. The parathryoid gland is not formed in fish, but is only found in tetrapods. In humans and chick it emerges from pouches 3 and 4, but in mice it is exclusively generated by the third pouch[PMID:16313389]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "parathyroid" EXACT []
synonym: "parathyroid secreting cell" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010545
xref: BTO:0000997
xref: EFO:0000862
xref: EV:0100134
xref: FMA:13890
xref: GAID:452
xref: MA:0000128
xref: MAT:0000082
xref: MESH:A06.407.560
xref: MIAA:0000082
xref: SCTID:181121007
xref: UMLS:C0030518
xref: VHOG:0001188
xref: XAO:0000167
xref: ncithesaurus:Parathyroid_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
property_value: external_definition "Any one of several small structures, usually four, attached to the dorsal surfaces of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Either of the two pairs of small, spherical, encapsulated glands which develop from ventral growths of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches and are closely associated with the external jugular veins. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone are secreted by these glands.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The evolution of the tetrapods, and the shift from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment, was believed to have required new controls for regulating calcium homeostasis, and thus the evolution of parathyroid glands (...) both the tetrapod parathyroid and the gills of fish contribute to the regulation of extracellular calcium levels. It is therefore reasonable to suggest that the parathyroid gland evolved as a result of the transformation of the gills into the parathyroid glands of tetrapods and the transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment. This interpretation would also explain the positioning of the parathyroid gland within the pharynx in the tetrapod body. Were the parathyroid gland to have emerged de novo with the evolution of the tetrapods it could, as an endocrine organ, have been placed anywhere in the body and still exert its effect.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001133
name: cardiac muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0007096
def: "Muscle composed of cardiac muscle cells that is part of the heart[ZFA]. involuntary striated muscle found in the walls of the heart, specifically the myocardium[Wikipedia]. Tissue which consists of cardiac myocytes surrounded by cardiac endomysium. Examples: Cardiac muscle tissue proper, conducting tissue of heart[FMA]." [FMA:14068]
comment: check relationship with myocardium. part_of in MA - but we also have a more specific class 'cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium'. Check ncit
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cardiac muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac musculature" RELATED [BILA:0000134]
synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0010245
xref: AEO:0000142
xref: BILA:0000134
xref: BTO:0000199
xref: EHDAA2:0003142
xref: FMA:14068
xref: TAO:0005280
xref: ZFA:0005280
xref: galen:CardiacMuscle
xref: galen:CardiacMuscleTissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Heart_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001134
name: skeletal muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Tissue which consists of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by endomysium. Examples: Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps, Skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm[FMA]. Striated muscle tissue under control of the somatic nervous system. It is one of three major muscle types, the others being cardiac and smooth muscle. As its name suggests, most skeletal muscle is attached to bones by bundles of collagen fibers known as tendons. Skeletal muscle is made up of individual components known as muscle fibers. These fibers are formed from the fusion of developmental myoblasts. The myofibers are long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells composed of actin and myosin myofibrils repeated as a sarcomere, the basic functional unit of the cell and responsible for skeletal muscle's striated appearance and forming the basic machinery necessary for muscle contraction. The term muscle refers to multiple bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue[WP]." [Wikipedia:Skeletal_striated_muscle]
comment: TODO - add skeletal muscle organ? See GO:0060538 skeletal muscle organ development. Todo - group FBbt:00005073 - somatic muscle.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "skeletal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "skeletal muscle organ" RELATED []
synonym: "skeletal muscle system" RELATED [BTO:0001103]
synonym: "somatic muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001103]
xref: AAO:0011099
xref: BTO:0001103
xref: EFO:0000888
xref: EHDAA2:0001842
xref: EHDAA:2923
xref: EHDAA:5035
xref: EHDAA:5043
xref: EHDAA:5978
xref: EHDAA:5984
xref: EHDAA:8277
xref: EHDAA:8291
xref: EHDAA:8326
xref: EHDAA:9146
xref: EV:0100377
xref: FMA:14069
xref: GAID:141
xref: MA:0002439
xref: MAT:0000302
xref: MESH:A02.633.567
xref: MIAA:0000302
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2kf-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:426215008
xref: TAO:0005277
xref: UMLS:C0242692
xref: VHOG:0000319
xref: XAO:0000174
xref: ZFA:0005277
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Skeletal_muscle.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Skeletal_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003082 ! myotome
property_value: external_definition "Muscle, composed of long cylindrical, multinucleated cells that attaches to the skeleton via tendons.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "This result implies the following views in terms of evolutionary differentiation: (1) Arthropod striated muscle and vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles share a common ancestor. In other words, they did not evolve independently (...) (5) The divergence of vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles/vertebrate smooth muscle and nonmuscle is at least before that of vertebrates/arthropods. In other words, emergence of skeletal and cardiac musle type tissues preceded the vertebrate/arthropod divergence (ca. 700 MYA).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001135
name: smooth muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length[GO]. Tissue which consists of smooth muscle fibers surrounded by a reticulum of collagen and elastic fibers. Examples: Arrector muscle of hair, Muscularis mucosae." [Wikipedia:Smooth_muscle_tissue]
comment: terminological note: GO uses visceral and smooth interchangeably. However visceral can also be used in the sense of the viscera. Many fly annotations to smooth muscle terms. If we want to be inclusive of insects have to have a general definition of tissue that includes cells.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "involuntary muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "non-striated muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "smooth muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "textus muscularis levis; textus muscularis nonstriatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Smooth_muscle_tissue]
synonym: "textus muscularis nonstriatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14070, FMA:TA]
synonym: "visceral muscle" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "visceral muscle tissue" NARROW SENSU []
xref: AAO:0010244
xref: AEO:0000141
xref: BTO:0001260
xref: EFO:0000889
xref: EHDAA2:0003141
xref: EV:0100378
xref: FBbt:00003525
xref: FMA:14070
xref: GAID:167
xref: MA:0000166
xref: MAT:0000303
xref: MESH:A02.633.570
xref: MIAA:0000303
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvSS3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0005274
xref: UMLS:C1267092
xref: VHOG:0001246
xref: WBbt:0005781
xref: XAO:0000175
xref: ZFA:0005274
xref: galen:SmoothMuscle
xref: galen:SmoothMuscleTissue
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Glatte_Muskelzellen.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
property_value: external_definition "A non-striated muscle that is composed of spindle-shaped cells.  Smooth muscle usually is organized into sheets that line cavitated organs.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Involuntary muscle tissue consisting of uninucleate spindle-shaped fibers.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the first bilateral animals possessed only smooth muscles with the molecular repertoire necessary to build a striated muscle. (...) it is more parsimonious to regard striated muscle cells as a sister cell type to the smooth muscle cells. In this scenario, striated and smooth muscles would have arisen in the stem lineage that led to the Nephrozoa (i.e. all Bilateria exclusive the acoelomorphs) (Hejnol et al., 2009), from an bacoel-likeb smooth muscle, by segregation and divergence of functions and through differential recruitment of additional genes[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001136
name: mesothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Simple squamous epithelium of mesodermal origin which lines serous membranes. Examples: mesothelium of pleura, mesothelium of peritoneum[FMA]. Wikipedia: The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracal cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery) and pericardium (heart sac). Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs (the tunica vaginalis testis) and covers the internal reproductive organs of women (the tunica serosa uteri)." [FMA:14074, Wikipedia:Mesothelium]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AEO:0000111
xref: BTO:0002422
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003111
xref: EHDAA:2331
xref: EHDAA:2349
xref: EHDAA:295
xref: EHDAA:6073
xref: EHDAA:640
xref: EHDAA:646
xref: FMA:14074
xref: MA:0000565
xref: SCTID:361918002
xref: UMLS:C0086610
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Mesothelium_peritoneal_wash_high_mag.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesothelium
is_a: UBERON:0000487  ! simple squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0000487  ! simple squamous epithelium
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001137
name: dorsum
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal part of an animal, which in vertebrares includes the vertebral column. [cjm]." [UBERONREF:0000006, Wikipedia:Dorsum_(anatomy)]
comment: Taxon notes: In humans, called the back, a large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck and the shoulders. It is the surface opposite to the chest, its height being defined by the vertebral column (commonly referred to as the spine or backbone) and its breadth being supported by the ribcage and shoulders. The spinal canal runs through the spine and provides nerves to the rest of the body
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "back" EXACT [FMA:14181]
synonym: "back of body proper" EXACT [FMA:14181]
synonym: "dorsal part of organism" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001713
xref: EFO:0001405
xref: FMA:14181
xref: GAID:30
xref: MESH:A01.176
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkEU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:123961009
xref: UMLS:C0004600
xref: galen:Back
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/432px-Gray-back.PNG/200px-432px-Gray-back.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Back
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
property_value: has_relational_adjective "dorsal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001138
name: superior mesenteric vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine. At its termination behind the neck of the pancreas, the SMV combines with the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein. The SMV lies to the right of the similarly named artery, the superior mesenteric artery, which originates from the abdominal aorta. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "upper mesenteric vein" RELATED [BTO:0002783]
synonym: "vena mesenterica superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_vein]
xref: BTO:0002783
xref: EHDAA2:0001951
xref: EHDAA:5414
xref: EMAPA:18643
xref: FMA:14332
xref: MA:0002179
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwFjmM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278031001
xref: UMLS:C0226742
xref: VHOG:0000552
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Mesenteric_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0005617  ! mesenteric vein
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005487 ! vitelline vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001139
name: common iliac vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the common iliac veins are formed by the external iliac veins and internal iliac veins and together, in the abdomen at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebrae, form the inferior vena cava. They drain blood from the pelvis and lower limbs. Both common iliac veins are accompanied along their course by common iliac arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Common_iliac_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "common iliac venous tree" EXACT []
synonym: "vena iliaca communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_iliac_vein]
xref: EMAPA:17874
xref: FMA:14333
xref: MA:0002143
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv92CGZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181398004
xref: UMLS:C0226758
xref: galen:CommonIliacVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Iliac_veins.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Iliac_veins.gif/200px-Iliac_veins.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Iliac_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001072 ! inferior vena cava

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001140
name: renal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The renal veins are veins that drain the kidney. They connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava. It is usually singular to each kidney, except in the condition 'multiple renal veins'. It also divides into 2 divisions upon entering the kidney: the anterior branch which receives blood from the anterior portion of the kidney and, the posterior branch which receives blood from the posterior portion. Often, each renal vein will have a branch that receives blood from the ureter. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_vein]
comment: AO notes: see also MA:0002591 'kidney venous blood vessel'. in EHDAA2, the renal vein is part of the kidney
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "kidney vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney venous blood vessel" EXACT [MA:0002591]
synonym: "renal venous tree" EXACT []
synonym: "vein of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "venae renales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_vein]
xref: BTO:0002681
xref: EHDAA2:0001602
xref: EHDAA:8722
xref: EMAPA:19223
xref: EMAPA:28376
xref: FMA:14334
xref: GAID:544
xref: MA:0002210
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.752
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdUXKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:116358006
xref: UMLS:C0035092
xref: galen:RenalVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Gray1122.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gray1122.png/200px-Gray1122.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: drains UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001072 ! inferior vena cava
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001141
name: right renal vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:14335
xref: MA:0002212
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvdUXKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:116357001
xref: UMLS:C0508000
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Renal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001140  ! renal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001142
name: left renal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The renal veins are veins that drain the kidney. They connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava. It is usually singular to each kidney, except in the condition 'multiple renal veins'. It also divides into 2 divisions upon entering the kidney: the anterior branch which receives blood from the anterior portion of the kidney and, the posterior branch which receives blood from the posterior portion. Often, each renal vein will have a branch that receives blood from the ureter. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_renal_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:14336
xref: MA:0002211
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvdUXKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:116356005
xref: UMLS:C0508001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gray1122.png/200px-Gray1122.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Renal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001140  ! renal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001143
name: hepatic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Vein that carries blood away from the liver[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Hepatic_vein, ZFA:0000670, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3565355&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: Definition derived from ZFA but general enough for other species.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hepatic veins" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "liver vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of liver" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vena hepatica" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "venae hepaticae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hepatic_vein]
xref: AAO:0010216
xref: EMAPA:19221
xref: FMA:14337
xref: GAID:534
xref: MA:0003015
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.380
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5GivJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278191001
xref: TAO:0000670
xref: UMLS:C0019155
xref: XAO:0000387
xref: ZFA:0000670
xref: galen:HepaticVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Gray1121.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gray1121.png/200px-Gray1121.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0013126  ! vein of abdomen
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0002107 ! liver
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005487 ! vitelline vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006877 ! vasculature of liver
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001072 ! inferior vena cava
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: channels_from UBERON:0002107 ! liver
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001639  ! hepatic portal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001144
name: testicular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The testicular vein (or spermatic vein), the male gonadal vein, carries deoxygenated blood from its corresponding testis to the inferior vena cava or one of its tributaries. It is the male equivalent of the ovarian vein, and is the venous counterpart of the testicular artery. It is a paired vein, with one supplying each testis: the right testicular vein generally joins the inferior vena cava; the left testicular vein, unlike the right, often joins the left renal vein instead of the inferior vena cava. The veins emerge from the back of the testis, and receive tributaries from the epididymis; they unite and form a convoluted plexus, called the pampiniform plexus, which constitutes the greater mass of the spermatic cord; the vessels composing this plexus are very numerous, and ascend along the cord, in front of the ductus deferens. Below the subcutaneous inguinal ring, they unite to form three or four veins, which pass along the inguinal canal, and, entering the abdomen through the abdominal inguinal ring, coalesce to form two veins, which ascend on the Psoas major, behind the peritoneum, lying one on either side of the internal spermatic artery. These unite to form a single vein, which opens, on the right side, into the inferior vena cava (at an acute angle), on the left side into the left renal vein (at a right angle). The spermatic veins are provided with valves. The left spermatic vein passes behind the iliac colon and is thus exposed to pressure from the contents of that part of the bowel. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3220553&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: Comment: todo - check testicular vs spermatic vein (MA:0002218)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "male gonadal vein" EXACT [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein]
synonym: "spermatic vein" EXACT [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein]
synonym: "testicle vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "testicular venous tree" EXACT [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein]
synonym: "vein of testicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vena tesicularis" RELATED [BTO:0002678]
synonym: "vena testicularis dextra," RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein]
synonym: "vena testicularis sinistra," RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein]
synonym: "venae spermaticae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein]
xref: BTO:0002678
xref: EMAPA:18647
xref: FMA:14344
xref: MA:0002218
xref: MA:0002234
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv1WIHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:264496006
xref: UMLS:C0226718
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Gray590.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Gray590.png/200px-Gray590.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Spermatic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000473 ! testis
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001072 ! inferior vena cava
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001330 ! pampiniform plexus
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000473 ! testis
property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0001145

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001145
name: ovarian vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The ovarian vein, the female gonadal vein, carries deoxygenated blood from its corresponding ovary to inferior vena cava or one of its tributaries. It is the female equivalent of the testicular vein, and is the venous counterpart of the ovarian artery. It can be found in the suspensory ligament of the ovary. It a paired vein, with one supplying each ovary. The right ovarian vein travels through the suspensatory ligament of the ovary and generally joins the inferior vena cava. The left ovarian vein, unlike the right, often joins the left renal vein instead of the inferior vena cava. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ovarian_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "female reproductive system gonad vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female reproductive system gonada vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of female reproductive system vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of female reproductive system vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ovary vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of female reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of female reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of gonad of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of gonada of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of ovary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vena ovarica sinistra, vena ovarica dextra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ovarian_vein]
xref: EMAPA:18644
xref: FMA:14346
xref: MA:0002186
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvrST5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278193003
xref: UMLS:C0226720
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Ovarschaf.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Ovarschaf.jpg/200px-Ovarschaf.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001146
name: suprarenal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The Suprarenal veins are two in number: the right ends in the inferior vena cava. the left ends in the left renal or left inferior phrenic vein. They receive blood from the adrenal glands and will sometimes form anastomoses with the inferior phrenic veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Suprarenal_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EHDAA2:0001966
xref: EHDAA:8731
xref: FMA:14348
xref: MA:0002229
xref: SCTID:278194009
xref: UMLS:C0226717
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gray1122.png/200px-Gray1122.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Suprarenal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001147
name: trunk of peripheral nerve
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "peripheral nerve trunk" EXACT []
synonym: "peripheral neural trunk" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:16986
xref: FMA:14383
xref: MA:0000229
is_a: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001148
name: median nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The median nerve is a nerve in humans and other animals. It is in the upper limb. It is one of the five main nerves originating from the brachial plexus. The median nerve is formed from parts of the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus, and continues down the arm to enter the forearm with the brachial artery. It originates from the brachial plexus with roots from C5, C6, C7, C8 &amp; T1. The median nerve is the only nerve that passes through the carpal tunnel, where it may be compressed to cause carpal tunnel syndrome. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Median_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nervus medianus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_nerve]
xref: EHDAA2:0001086
xref: EHDAA:5648
xref: EMAPA:17277
xref: FMA:14385
xref: GAID:843
xref: MA:0001168
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050.500
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwF4HF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181010001
xref: UMLS:C0025058
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif/200px-Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Median_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003433  ! arm nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001149
name: bare area of liver
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "area nuda (hepar)" EXACT []
synonym: "area nuda hepatis" EXACT []
synonym: "liver bare area" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:17945
xref: EMAPA:18308
xref: EMAPA:18312
xref: FMA:14480
xref: MA:0000359
xref: SCTID:279965008
is_a: UBERON:0000466  ! immaterial anatomical entity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001150
name: body of pancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "The body of the pancreas is a subsection of the pancreas organ in the human body. It is somewhat prismatic in shape, and has three surfaces: anterior, posterior, and inferior. It is at the same level as the transpyloric plane. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Body_of_pancreas]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corpus pancreatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_pancreas]
synonym: "pancreas body" EXACT []
synonym: "pancreas corpus" RELATED []
synonym: "pancreatic body" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001368
xref: EHDAA:9178
xref: EMAPA:17504
xref: EMAPA:18817
xref: FMA:14518
xref: MA:0000121
xref: SCTID:362202004
xref: UMLS:C0227582
xref: VHOG:0000451
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg/200px-Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Body_of_the_Pancreas
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas
property_value: homology_notes "Hagfish and lampreys may have one or more endocrine buds - and later the vertebrate pancreas develop as independent ventral and dorsal buds that eventually fuse to become one organ.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001151
name: tail of pancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "The tail of the pancreas, located anatomically left near the hilum of the spleen, is not simply an anatomical distinction. The tail is the only part of the pancreas which contains Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP) cells, which are responsible for secreting pancreatic polypeptide to coordinate exocrine and islet enzyme release. PP cells are found in the tail's periphery. Beta cells and delta cells are found in the central part of the tail as with the rest of the pancreas. The cells described above are located exclusively in the islet cells; their secretions reach exocrine portions of the pancreas via the capillary network surrounding the islet cell populations. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tail_of_pancreas]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cauda pancreatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tail_of_pancreas]
synonym: "left extremity of pancreas" EXACT [FMA:14519]
synonym: "pancreas tail" EXACT []
synonym: "pancreatic tail" EXACT [FMA:14519]
xref: EHDAA2:0001390
xref: EMAPA:17511
xref: EMAPA:18824
xref: FMA:14519
xref: MA:0000123
xref: SCTID:245382003
xref: UMLS:C0227590
xref: VHOG:0000452
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg/200px-Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tail_of_the_Pancreas
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009708 ! dorsal pancreas
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas
property_value: homology_notes "Hagfish and lampreys may have one or more endocrine buds - and later the vertebrate pancreas develop as independent ventral and dorsal buds that eventually fuse to become one organ.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001152
name: cystic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The cystic duct is the short duct that joins the gall bladder to the common bile duct. It usually lies next to the cystic artery. It is of variable length. It contains a 'spiral valve', which does not provide much resistance to the flow of bile. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cystic_duct]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ductus cysticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cystic_duct]
xref: EHDAA2:0000333
xref: EHDAA:3045
xref: EMAPA:16841
xref: FMA:14539
xref: GAID:290
xref: MA:0000355
xref: MESH:A03.159.183.419
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rveBeC5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245398005
xref: TAO:0005166
xref: UMLS:C0010672
xref: VHOG:0000213
xref: ZFA:0005166
xref: galen:CysticDuct
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Illu_liver_gallbladder.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png/200px-Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cystic_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0003703  ! extrahepatic bile duct
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005604 ! hepatic duct extrahepatic part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree
property_value: external_definition "Duct that connects the gall bladder and the common bile duct.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The duct of the gallbladder which joins the common hepatic duct, thus forming the common biliary duct. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001153
name: caecum
namespace: uberon
def: "Pouch, connecting the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction." [Wikipedia:Cecum]
comment: Taxon notes: A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates.[WP] Kardong: in some herbivorous lizards, a cecum is present between small and large intestines
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "blind intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000166]
synonym: "blindgut" RELATED [BTO:0000166]
synonym: "caeca" NARROW PLURAL [NCBITaxon:8782]
synonym: "ceca" NARROW PLURAL [NCBITaxon:8782]
synonym: "cecum" EXACT [FMA:14541]
synonym: "intestinum caecum" RELATED [BTO:0000166]
synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT []
synonym: "intestinum crassum cecum" RELATED [BTO:0000166]
xref: BTO:0000166
xref: EFO:0000850
xref: EHDAA2:0000206
xref: EHDAA:3913
xref: EV:0100397
xref: FMA:14541
xref: GAID:307
xref: MA:0000334
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.495.209
xref: MIAA:0000288
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rve6u4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181256004
xref: UMLS:C0007531
xref: VHOG:0001559
xref: galen:Cecum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg/200px-Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cecum
is_a: UBERON:0009854  ! digestive tract diverticulum
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443
property_value: has_relational_adjective "caecal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001154
name: vermiform appendix
namespace: uberon
def: "a blind-ended tube connected to the cecum, from which it develops embryologically[WP]." [Wikipedia:Vermiform_appendix]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "apex of cecum" RELATED [VHOG:0001306]
synonym: "appendix" EXACT []
synonym: "appendix vermiformis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14542, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Vermiform_appendix]
synonym: "caecal appendix" EXACT []
synonym: "cecal appendix" EXACT []
synonym: "vermix" BROAD []
xref: BTO:0000084
xref: EFO:0000849
xref: EHDAA2:0000588
xref: EV:0100076
xref: EV:0100080
xref: FMA:14542
xref: GAID:308
xref: MA:0001540
xref: MAT:0000287
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.495.209.290
xref: MIAA:0000287
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjGgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181255000
xref: UMLS:C0003617
xref: VHOG:0001306
xref: galen:AppendixVermiformis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Gray536.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Gray536.png/200px-Gray536.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vermiform_Appendix
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004907 ! lower digestive tract
property_value: external_definition "Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the cecum and distally terminates in the tip of the appendix. Examples: There is only one appendix[FMA:14542]." xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "appendiceal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A comparative anatomical approach reveals three apparent morphotypes of the cecal appendix, as well as appendix-like structures in some species that lack a true cecal appendix. Cladistic analyses indicate that the appendix has evolved independently at least twice (at least once in diprotodont marsupials and at least once in Euarchontoglires), shows a highly significant (P < 0.0001) phylogenetic signal in its distribution, and has been maintained in mammalian evolution for 80 million years or longer.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001155
name: colon
namespace: uberon
def: "Last portion of the digestive system in most vertebrates; it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body[WP] In mammals, the colon consists of four sections: the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon[WP]. In zebrafish, the posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. <a href='http://zfin.org/cgi-bin/ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-050120-6'>Wallace et al, 2005.</a>" [Wikipedia:Colon_(anatomy), ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO: abstract this such that it legitimately covers all vertebrates
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hindgut" RELATED []
synonym: "large bowel" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior intestine" NARROW []
synonym: "posterior intestine - zebrafish" BROAD []
xref: AAO:0010400
xref: BTO:0000269
xref: EFO:0000361
xref: EMAPA:18939
xref: EV:0100079
xref: FMA:14543
xref: GAID:309
xref: MA:0000335
xref: MAP:0000001
xref: MAT:0000526
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.495.356
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvgLEM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302508007
xref: TAO:0000706
xref: UMLS:C0009368
xref: VHOG:0000648
xref: XAO:0000243
xref: ZFA:0000706
xref: galen:Colon
xref: ncithesaurus:Colon
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
property_value: external_definition "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "colonic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001156
name: ascending colon
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ part which is continuous with the cecum proximally and the transverse colon distally.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Ascending_colon]
comment: Note that in MA, this is a subclass of colon
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "colon ascendens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ascending_colon]
synonym: "spiral colon" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Spiral_colon]
xref: BTO:0000270
xref: EFO:0000843
xref: FMA:14545
xref: MA:0001541
xref: MAT:0000311
xref: MIAA:0000311
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3H0FZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362162009
xref: UMLS:C0227375
xref: galen:AscendingColon
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg/200px-Dickdarm-Schema.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ascending_Colon
is_a: UBERON:0000168  ! segment of colon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001157
name: transverse colon
namespace: uberon
def: "The transverse colon the longest and most movable part of the colon, passes with a downward convexity from the right hypochondrium region across the abdomen, opposite the confines of the epigastric and umbilical zones, into the left hypochondrium region, where it curves sharply on itself beneath the lower end of the spleen, forming the splenic or left colic flexure. The right colic flexure is adjacent to the liver. In its course, it describes an arch, the concavity of which is directed backward and a little upward; toward its splenic end there is often an abrupt U-shaped curve which may descend lower than the main curve. It is almost completely invested by peritoneum, and is connected to the inferior border of the pancreas by a large and wide duplicature of that membrane, the transverse mesocolon. It is in relation, by its upper surface, with the liver and gall-bladder, the greater curvature of the stomach, and the lower end of the spleen; by its under surface, with the small intestine; by its anterior surface, with the anterior layers of the greater omentum and the abdominal parietes; its posterior surface is in relation from right to left with the descending portion of the duodenum, the head of the pancreas, and some of the convolutions of the jejunum and ileum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transverse_colon]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "colon transversum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_colon]
xref: BTO:0000272
xref: EFO:0000844
xref: FMA:14546
xref: MA:0001543
xref: MAT:0000312
xref: MIAA:0000312
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvg7qyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362163004
xref: UMLS:C0227386
xref: galen:TransverseColon
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg/200px-Dickdarm-Schema.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Transverse_Colon
is_a: UBERON:0000168  ! segment of colon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001158
name: descending colon
namespace: uberon
def: "The descending colon of humans passes downward through the left hypochondrium and lumbar regions, along the lateral border of the left kidney. At the lower end of the kidney it turns medialward toward the lateral border of the psoas muscle, and then descends, in the angle between psoas and quadratus lumborum, to the crest of the ilium, where it ends in the sigmoid colon. The peritoneum covers its anterior surface and sides, and therefore the descending colon is described as retroperitoneal. (The transverse colon and sigmoid colon, which are immediately proximal and distal, are intraperitoneal). Its posterior surface is connected by areolar tissue with the lower and lateral part of the left kidney, the aponeurotic origin of the transversus abdominis, and the quadratus lumborum. It is smaller in caliber and more deeply placed than the ascending colon. It has a mesentery in 33% of people, and is therefore more frequently covered with peritoneum on its posterior surface than the ascending colon (which has a mesentery in 25% of people). However, it is less likely to undergo volvulus than the ascending colon. In front of it are some coils of small intestine. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Descending_colon]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "colon descendens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Descending_colon]
xref: BTO:0000641
xref: EFO:0000845
xref: FMA:14547
xref: MA:0001542
xref: MAT:0000313
xref: MIAA:0000313
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwHsNhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362165006
xref: UMLS:C0227389
xref: galen:DescendingColon
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Gray1223.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Gray1223.png/200px-Gray1223.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Descending_Colon
is_a: UBERON:0000168  ! segment of colon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001159
name: sigmoid colon
namespace: uberon
def: "the part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus. It forms a loop that averages about 40 cm. in length, and normally lies within the pelvis, but on account of its freedom of movement it is liable to be displaced into the abdominal cavity." [Wikipedia:Sigmoid_colon]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "colon sigmoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sigmoid_colon]
synonym: "pelvic colon" RELATED []
synonym: "sigmoid colon" RELATED []
synonym: "sigmoid flexure" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000645
xref: EFO:0000846
xref: FMA:14548
xref: MAT:0000314
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.495.356.668
xref: MIAA:0000314
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwHX_-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362166007
xref: UMLS:C0227391
xref: UMLS:C0682612
xref: galen:SigmoidColon
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg/200px-Dickdarm-Schema.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sigmoid_Colon
xref: ncithesaurus:Sigmoid_Flexure
is_a: UBERON:0000168  ! segment of colon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001160
name: fundus of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "The fundus is the portion of the stomach that lies above the cardiac notch, and contains the fundic glands[GO, Kardong]." [GO:0014825, ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Fundus_%28stomach%29]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fundus gastricus" RELATED [BTO:0000502]
synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT []
synonym: "fundus gastricus ventricularis" RELATED [BTO:0000502]
synonym: "fundus ventricularis" RELATED [BTO:0000502]
synonym: "fundus ventriculi" RELATED [BTO:0000502]
synonym: "gastric fundus" EXACT []
synonym: "stomach fundus" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000502
xref: EFO:0002554
xref: EHDAA2:0001919
xref: EHDAA:4844
xref: FMA:14559
xref: GAID:320
xref: MA:0001612
xref: MESH:A03.492.766.419
xref: SCTID:362139007
xref: UMLS:C0017129
xref: VHOG:0000421
xref: galen:GastricFundus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1046.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Fundus_of_the_Stomach
is_a: UBERON:0009870  ! zone of stomach
relationship: has_part UBERON:0010038 ! fundic gastric gland
property_value: external_definition "The greater curvature of the stomach. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001161
name: body of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "The body of stomach is the part of the stomach that lies between the fundus above and the pyloric antrum below; its boundaries are poorly defined[GO]." [GO:0014845, Wikipedia:Body_of_stomach]
comment: Note that we include this as zone of stomach even though it is not distinguished by gland type
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corpus gastricum" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000505, Wikipedia:Body_of_stomach]
synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT []
synonym: "corpus ventriculare" RELATED [BTO:0000505]
synonym: "corpus ventriculi" RELATED [BTO:0000505]
synonym: "gastric body" EXACT []
synonym: "gastric corpus" RELATED []
synonym: "stomach body" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000505
xref: FMA:14560
xref: MA:0002559
xref: SCTID:362140009
xref: UMLS:C0227230
xref: galen:GastricCorpus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1046.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Body_of_Stomach
is_a: UBERON:0009870  ! zone of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001163
name: lesser curvature of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "The lesser curvature of the stomach, extending between the cardiac and pyloric orifices, forms the right or posterior border of the stomach. It descends as a continuation of the right margin of the esophagus in front of the fibers of the right crus of the diaphragm, and then, turning to the right, it crosses the first lumbar vertebra and ends at the pylorus. Nearer its pyloric than its cardiac end is a well-marked notch, the incisura angularis, which varies somewhat in position with the state of distension of the viscus; it serves to separate the stomach into a right and a left portion. The lesser curvature gives attachment to the two layers of the hepatogastric ligament, and between these two layers are the left gastric artery and the right gastric branch of the hepatic artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lesser_curvature_of_stomach]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "stomach lesser curvature" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14572
xref: MA:0001616
xref: SCTID:362133008
xref: UMLS:C0227221
xref: galen:LesserCurvatureOfStomach
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Curvature
is_a: UBERON:0009870  ! zone of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001164
name: greater curvature of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "The greater curvature of the stomach is directed mainly forward, and is four or five times as long as the lesser curvature. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Greater_curvature_of_stomach]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "stomach greater curvature" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14574
xref: MA:0001615
xref: SCTID:362134002
xref: UMLS:C0227223
xref: galen:GreaterCurvatureOfStomach
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Greater_Curvature
is_a: UBERON:0009870  ! zone of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001165
name: pyloric antrum
namespace: uberon
def: "Pyloric antrum (antrum, lesser cul-de-sac) is the initial portion of the pyloric part of the stomach. It is near the bottom of the stomach on the left side of the pyloric sphincter, which separates the stomach and the duodenum. It may temporarily become partially or completely shut off from the remainder of the stomach during digestion by peristaltic contraction of the prepyloric sphincter; it is demarcated, sometimes, from the second part of the pyloric part of the stomach by a slight groove. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pyloric_antrum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "antrum" BROAD []
synonym: "antrum of Willis" RELATED [BTO:0001732]
synonym: "antrum of stomach" EXACT []
synonym: "antrum pylori" RELATED [BTO:0001732]
synonym: "antrum pyloricum" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001732, Wikipedia:Pyloric_antrum]
synonym: "gastric antrum" RELATED [BTO:0001732]
synonym: "stomach antrum" RELATED []
synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001732
xref: EFO:0002555
xref: EMAPA:17891
xref: EMAPA:18919
xref: FMA:14579
xref: GAID:332
xref: MA:0001624
xref: MESH:A03.492.766.716
xref: SCTID:362142001
xref: UMLS:C0034193
xref: galen:PyloricAntrum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1046.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Antrum_Pylori
is_a: UBERON:0009870  ! zone of stomach
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001166
name: pylorus
namespace: uberon
def: "The region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided in two parts: the pyloric antrum, which connects to the body of the stomach. the pyloric canal, which connects to the duodenum. The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal and lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from celiac ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pylorus]
comment: Editor notes: We follow Kardong in defining stomach regions by glands
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pars pylorica" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "pars pylorica gastricae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14581, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pyloric part of stomach" EXACT []
synonym: "pyloric region" EXACT []
synonym: "stomach pyloric region" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001580]
synonym: "valvula pylori" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pylorus]
xref: BTO:0001146
xref: EHDAA2:0001580
xref: EHDAA:4860
xref: EMAPA:17631
xref: EMAPA:18915
xref: FMA:14581
xref: GAID:333
xref: MA:0002560
xref: MESH:A03.492.766.799
xref: SCTID:362143006
xref: UMLS:C0034196
xref: VHOG:0000420
xref: galen:Pylorus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1046.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pylorus
is_a: UBERON:0009870  ! zone of stomach
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum
relationship: has_part UBERON:0008858 ! pyloric canal
relationship: has_part UBERON:0008861 ! pyloric gastric gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0009870  ! zone of stomach
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0008858 ! pyloric canal
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0008861 ! pyloric gastric gland
property_value: external_definition "The orifice which allows the passage from the stomach into the intestine. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pyloric" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001167
name: wall of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a stomach [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric wall" EXACT []
synonym: "stomach anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach wall" EXACT []
synonym: "ventriculus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14582
xref: MA:0002692
xref: SCTID:279995000
xref: galen:WallOfStomach
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001168
name: wall of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "anatomical wall of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestinal wall" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine wall" EXACT []
synonym: "wall of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14615
xref: MA:0002696
xref: UMLS:C1519375
xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Wall_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001262  ! wall of intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001169
name: wall of large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "anatomical wall of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestinal wall" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestine wall" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14619
xref: MA:0002695
is_a: UBERON:0001262  ! wall of intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001170
name: mesentery of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "the peritoneum responsible for connecting the jejunum and ileum (parts of the small intestine) to the back wall of the abdomen. Between the two sheets of peritoneum are blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves. This allows these parts of the small intestine to move relatively freely within the abdominopelvic cavity. The brain, however, cannot map sensation accurately, so sensation is usually referred to the midline, an example of referred pain[WP]." [Wikipedia:Mesentery#Mesentery_.28proper.29]
synonym: "mesentery (proper)" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mesentery]
synonym: "mesentery proper" EXACT [FMA:14643]
synonym: "small intestinal mesentery" EXACT [FMA:14643]
synonym: "small intestine mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14643
xref: MA:0001555
xref: SCTID:245456008
is_a: UBERON:0001206  ! serosa of small intestine
is_a: UBERON:0004854  ! gastrointestinal system mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0007826  ! peritoneal mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001171
name: portal lobule
namespace: uberon
def: "the triangular region on the periphery of the liver lobules that contain a bile duct and a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel." [MP:0008992]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:14653
xref: MA:0002498
xref: UMLS:C0682620
xref: ncithesaurus:Portal_Lobule
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001280 ! liver parenchyma

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001172
name: hepatic acinus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "liver acinus" EXACT []
synonym: "portal acinus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14654
xref: MA:0002496
xref: SCTID:272214009
xref: UMLS:C0227519
xref: ncithesaurus:Liver_Acinus
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011858  ! acinus of exocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001171 ! portal lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001173
name: biliary tree
namespace: uberon
def: "Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which consists of the bile ducts[FMA]." [FMA:14665, Wikipedia:Biliary_tract]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "biliary tract" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011020
xref: FMA:14665
xref: GAID:279
xref: MA:0001273
xref: MESH:A03.159
xref: SCTID:181267003
xref: UMLS:C0005423
xref: XAO:0000455
xref: ncithesaurus:Biliary_Tract
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004912 ! biliary bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system
property_value: external_definition "Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which consist of the bile ducts.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001174
name: common bile duct
namespace: uberon
def: "a tube-like anatomic structure in the human gastrointestinal tract. It is formed by the union of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct (from the gall bladder). It is later joined by the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater. There, the two ducts are surrounded by the muscular sphincter of Oddi." [Wikipedia:Common_bile_duct]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ductus choledochus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_bile_duct]
synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000303
xref: EHDAA:3981
xref: EMAPA:17201
xref: FMA:14667
xref: GAID:282
xref: MA:0001631
xref: MESH:A03.159.183.079.300
xref: SCTID:362199009
xref: TAO:0005165
xref: UMLS:C0009437
xref: VHOG:0000214
xref: ZFA:0005165
xref: galen:CommonBileDuct
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png/200px-Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Bile_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0003703  ! extrahepatic bile duct
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001064 ! ventral pancreatic duct
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree
property_value: external_definition "Digestive system duct that collects bile from the hepatic bile duct and the cystic duct.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The duct formed by the union of the common hepatic and cystic ducts. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001175
name: common hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "Predominantly extrahepatic bile duct which is formed by the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts, which are predominantly intrahepatic, and, in turn, joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct[GAID]. The common hepatic duct is the duct formed by the convergence of the right hepatic duct (which drains bile from the right functional lobe of the liver) and the left hepatic duct (which drains bile from the left functional lobe of the liver). The common hepatic duct then joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct[WP]." [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_duct, ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO - MA distinguishes between bile duct, hepatic duct, common bile duct and common hepatic duct. in FMA hepatic duct and common hepatic duct are the same. Common is part of extra-hepatic part
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ductus hepaticus communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_duct]
synonym: "hepatic duct" RELATED []
xref: EMAPA:19101
xref: FMA:14668
xref: GAID:286
xref: MA:0002660
xref: MESH:A03.159.183.079.600
xref: SCTID:245403006
xref: UMLS:C0019149
xref: VHOG:0000220
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Illu_liver_gallbladder.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Illu_liver_gallbladder.jpg/200px-Illu_liver_gallbladder.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Hepatic_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0003703  ! extrahepatic bile duct
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001176 ! right hepatic duct
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001177 ! left hepatic duct
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010081 ! future common hepatic duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005604 ! hepatic duct extrahepatic part
property_value: external_definition "The duct which conveys the bile from the liver and unites with the cystic duct to form the common bile duct. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001176
name: right hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The duct that drains bile from the right half of the liver and joins the left hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct." [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26034]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "ductus hepaticus dexter" RELATED LATIN []
xref: EHDAA2:0001727
xref: EHDAA:3992
xref: EMAPA:18305
xref: EMAPA:19100
xref: FMA:14669
xref: MA:0001639
xref: SCTID:245401008
xref: UMLS:C0227557
xref: VHOG:0000217
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Hepatic_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0003703  ! extrahepatic bile duct
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0003703  ! extrahepatic bile duct
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver
property_value: external_definition "The duct which drains bile from the right half of the liver and unites with the left hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. [adapted_from_http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26032][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001177
name: left hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The duct that drains bile from the left half of the liver and joins the right hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct." [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26035]
synonym: "ductus hepaticus sinister" RELATED LATIN []
xref: EHDAA2:0000941
xref: EHDAA:3990
xref: EMAPA:18304
xref: EMAPA:19099
xref: FMA:14670
xref: MA:0001638
xref: SCTID:245400009
xref: UMLS:C0227560
xref: VHOG:0000218
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Hepatic_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0003703  ! extrahepatic bile duct
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0003703  ! extrahepatic bile duct
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver
property_value: external_definition "The duct which drains bile from the left half of the liver and unites with the right hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. [adapted_from_http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26032][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001178
name: visceral peritoneum
namespace: uberon
def: "The peritoneum that covers the external surfaces of most abdominal organs." [Wikipedia:Visceral_peritoneum, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: FMA:14703
xref: SCTID:362702003
xref: TAO:0005132
xref: VHOG:0001528
xref: ZFA:0005132
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1040.png/200px-Gray1040.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001179
name: peritoneal cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "Cavity of serous sac surrounded by the peritoneum.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Peritoneal_cavity]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cavitas peritonealis" RELATED [BTO:0001782]
synonym: "cavitas peritonealis; saccus serosus peritonei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Peritoneal_cavity]
xref: BTO:0001782
xref: EHDAA2:0001446
xref: EMAPA:18452
xref: EMAPA:18454
xref: EMAPA:18461
xref: FMA:14704
xref: GAID:24
xref: MA:0000054
xref: MESH:A01.047.025.600.678
xref: SCTID:181616008
xref: UMLS:C1704247
xref: VHOG:0000852
xref: ncithesaurus:Peritoneal_Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0002323  ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003887 ! intraembryonic coelom
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005906 ! serous sac
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002323  ! coelemic cavity lumen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005906 ! serous sac
intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum
property_value: external_definition "The potential space between the parietal and visceral layers of the peritoneum, which are normally in contact. The peritoneal cavity is divided into the greater and lesser sac. The greater sac is the peritoneal cavity, and the lesser sac is the omental bursa. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001180
name: superior recess of lesser sac
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0006299
comment: AO notes: classified as a cavity in EHDAA2, organ segment in FMA. We hedge and use a union
synonym: "omental bursa superior recess" EXACT [MA:0000447]
synonym: "recessus superior bursae omentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14708, FMA:TA]
synonym: "recessus superior omentalis" EXACT [FMA:14708]
synonym: "superior omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:14708]
synonym: "superior recess" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001958]
synonym: "superior recess of omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:14708]
xref: EHDAA2:0001958
xref: EHDAA:2343
xref: EMAPA:18049
xref: FMA:14708
xref: MA:0000447
xref: SCTID:263190002
is_a: UBERON:0004458  ! body cavity or lining
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0005252 ! omental bursa cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001181
name: inferior recess of lesser sac
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0006249
synonym: "inferior omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:14709]
synonym: "inferior recess" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000825]
synonym: "inferior recess of omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:14709]
synonym: "omental bursa inferior recess" EXACT [MA:0000446]
synonym: "recessus inferior bursae omentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14709, FMA:TA]
synonym: "recessus inferior omentalis" EXACT [FMA:14709]
xref: EHDAA2:0000825
xref: EHDAA:6083
xref: EMAPA:18048
xref: FMA:14709
xref: MA:0000446
xref: SCTID:263261002
is_a: UBERON:0004458  ! body cavity or lining
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001182
name: superior mesenteric artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta, just inferior to the origin of the celiac trunk, and supplies the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon, as well as the pancreas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_artery]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria mesenterica superior" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002303, Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_artery]
synonym: "superior mesenteric arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002303
xref: EHDAA2:0001949
xref: EHDAA:3358
xref: EHDAA:5313
xref: EMAPA:18619
xref: FMA:14749
xref: GAID:502
xref: MA:0002005
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.565.755
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwE5KipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362048004
xref: UMLS:C0162861
xref: VHOG:0000754
xref: galen:SuperiorMesentericArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Superior_mesenteric_a.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Gray1099.png/200px-Gray1099.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Mesenteric_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0005616  ! mesenteric artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001183
name: inferior mesenteric artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the inferior mesenteric artery, often abbreviated as IMA, supplies the large intestine from the left colic (or splenic) flexure to the upper part of the rectum, which includes the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and part of the rectum. Proximally, its territory of distribution overlaps (forms a watershed) with the middle colic artery, and therefore the superior mesenteric artery. The SMA and IMA anastomose via the marginal artery (artery of Drummond). The territory of distribution of the IMA is more or less equivalent to the embryonic hindgut. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_artery]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "IMA" BROAD ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "arteria mesenterica inferior" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002302, Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_artery]
synonym: "inferior mesenteric arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002302
xref: EHDAA2:0000817
xref: EHDAA:4345
xref: EMAPA:18618
xref: FMA:14750
xref: GAID:501
xref: MA:0002004
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.565.510
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-t-S5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181341006
xref: UMLS:C0162860
xref: VHOG:0001116
xref: galen:InferiorMesentericArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Gray538.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Mesenteric_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0005616  ! mesenteric artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001184
name: renal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two laterally paired arteries that supplies the kidneys. These are large arteries that branch from the dorsal aorta in primitive vertebrates." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Renal_artery]
comment: Editor notes: renal arteries vary widely even in humans. Sub-structures should be checked for taxon variability.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arteria renalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_artery]
synonym: "renal arterial tree" EXACT []
synonym: "renal arteries" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: AAO:0010223
xref: BTO:0001165
xref: EFO:0002552
xref: EHDAA2:0004100
xref: EHDAA:5321
xref: EHDAA:8594
xref: EMAPA:17862
xref: EMAPA:28373
xref: FMA:14751
xref: GAID:507
xref: MA:0002035
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.745
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rveOFHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001600
xref: SCTID:181339005
xref: TAO:0000420
xref: UMLS:C0035065
xref: ZFA:0000420
xref: galen:RenalArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Gray1120.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gray1120.png/200px-Gray1120.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0012254  ! abdominal aorta artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
property_value: external_definition "Artery which supplies blood via branches to the gonads, oviducts, and kidneys.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The renal arteries normally arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood. Each is directed across the crus of the diaphragm, so as to form nearly a right angle with the aorta. The renal arteries carry a large portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac output can pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys. The arterial supply of the kidneys is variable and there may be one or more renal arteries supplying each kidney. It is located above the renal vein. It has a radius of approximately 0.25cm, 0.26 cm at the root. The measured mean diameter can differ depending on the imaging method used. For example, the diameter was found to be 5.04 B1 0.74 mm using ultrasound, but 5.68 B1 1.19 mm using angiography. [WP,unvetted].[Wikipedia]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001185
name: right renal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Renal artery that supplies the right kidney" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: The right [renal artery] passes behind the inferior vena cava, the right renal vein, the head of the pancreas, and the descending part of the duodenum[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "right renal arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14752
xref: MA:0002037
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW8I0KgEEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rveOFHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:36800007
xref: UMLS:C0226332
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gray1120.png/200px-Gray1120.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Renal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001184  ! renal artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0004539 ! right kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0001184  ! renal artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0004539 ! right kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001186
name: left renal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Renal artery that supplies the left kidney" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: The left [renal artery] is somewhat higher than the right; it lies behind the left renal vein, the body of the pancreas and the splenic vein, and is crossed by the inferior mesenteric vein[WP]
synonym: "left renal arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14753
xref: MA:0002036
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW8I0agEEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rveOFHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:19215005
xref: UMLS:C0226333
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Renal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001184  ! renal artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0004538 ! left kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0001184  ! renal artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0004538 ! left kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001187
name: testicular artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The testicular artery (the male gonadal artery, also called the internal spermatic arteries in older texts) is a branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the testis. It is a paired artery, with one for each of the testes. It is the male equivalent of the ovarian artery. Because the testis is found in a different location than that of its female equivalent, it has a different course than the ovarian artery. They are two slender vessels of considerable length, and arise from the front of the aorta a little below the renal arteries. Each passes obliquely downward and lateralward behind the peritoneum, resting on the Psoas major, the right spermatic lying in front of the inferior vena cava and behind the middle colic and ileocolic arteries and the terminal part of the ileum, the left behind the left colic and sigmoid arteries and the iliac colon. Each crosses obliquely over the ureter and the lower part of the external iliac artery to reach the abdominal inguinal ring, through which it passes, and accompanies the other constituents of the spermatic cord along the inguinal canal to the scrotum, where it becomes tortuous, and divides into several branches. Two or three of these accompany the ductus deferens, and supply the epididymis, anastomosing with the artery of the ductus deferens; others pierce the back part of the tunica albuginea, and supply the substance of the testis. The internal spermatic artery supplies one or two small branches to the ureter, and in the inguinal canal gives one or two twigs to the Cremaster. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Testicular_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria testicularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Testicular_artery]
synonym: "testicular arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18621
xref: FMA:14758
xref: MA:0002063
xref: SCTID:244281003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Gray531.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray531.png/200px-Gray531.png
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000473 ! testis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0000473 ! testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001188
name: right testicular artery
namespace: uberon
def: "A testicular artery that supplies a right testicle." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "right spermatic artery" EXACT []
synonym: "trunk of right testicular arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14759
xref: MA:0002042
xref: UMLS:C0734076
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Spermatic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001187  ! testicular artery
is_a: UBERON:0003468  ! ureteric segment of renal artery
is_a: UBERON:0010192  ! genital artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001222 ! right ureter
relationship: supplies UBERON:0004534 ! right testicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001187  ! testicular artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0004534 ! right testicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001189
name: left testicular artery
namespace: uberon
def: "A testicular artery that supplies a left testicle." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "left spermatic artery" EXACT []
synonym: "trunk of left testicular arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14760
xref: MA:0002041
xref: UMLS:C0734077
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Spermatic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001187  ! testicular artery
is_a: UBERON:0003468  ! ureteric segment of renal artery
is_a: UBERON:0010192  ! genital artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001223 ! left ureter
relationship: supplies UBERON:0004533 ! left testicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001187  ! testicular artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0004533 ! left testicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001190
name: ovarian artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the ovarian artery is a blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the ovary. It arises from the abdominal aorta below the renal artery, and does not pass out of the abdominal cavity. It can be found in the suspensory ligament of the ovary. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ovarian_artery]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria ovarica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ovarian_artery]
synonym: "ovarian arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18620
xref: FMA:14761
xref: MA:0002012
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOa9PZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244280002
xref: UMLS:C0226411
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Gray1170.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Gray1170.png/200px-Gray1170.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001192
name: left gastric artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the left gastric artery arises from the celiac artery, and runs along the superior portion of the lesser curvature of the stomach. Branches also supply the lower esophagus. The left gastric artery anastomoses with the right gastric artery, which supplies the inferior portion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_gastric_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria gastrica sinistra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_gastric_artery]
synonym: "gastric artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14768
xref: MA:0001961
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwMjqKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244267000
xref: UMLS:C0226299
xref: galen:LeftGastricArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray532.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray532.png/200px-Gray532.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001640 ! celiac artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001193
name: hepatic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An artery that supplies the liver." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Hepatic_artery_proper]
comment: Usage notes: currently defined in a generic fashion.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arteria hepatica propria" EXACT LATIN []
xref: BTO:0004307
xref: EMAPA:17859
xref: FMA:14769
xref: GAID:496
xref: MA:0001963
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.407
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzKtFpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:76015000
xref: TAO:0005161
xref: UMLS:C0019145
xref: ZFA:0005161
xref: galen:HepaticArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Common_and_proper_hepatic_artery.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002107 ! liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0002107 ! liver
property_value: external_definition "Artery that supplies blood to the liver.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001194
name: splenic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the splenic artery (in the past called the lienal artery) is the blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the spleen. It branches from the celiac artery, and follows a course superior to the pancreas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Splenic_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria lienalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenic_artery]
synonym: "arteria splenica" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenic_artery]
synonym: "lienal artery" EXACT [MA:0001991]
xref: EMAPA:19216
xref: FMA:14773
xref: GAID:510
xref: MA:0001991
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.814
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv0cb2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244266009
xref: UMLS:C0037996
xref: galen:SplenicArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Gray1188.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gray1188.png/200px-Gray1188.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001640 ! celiac artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001195
name: inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery or from its first intestinal branch, opposite the upper border of the inferior part of the duodenum. It courses to the right between the head of the pancreas and duodenum, and then ascends to anastomose with the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. It distributes branches to the head of the pancreas and to the descending and inferior parts of the duodenum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_pancreaticoduodenal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteriae pancreaticoduodenales inferiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_pancreaticoduodenal_artery]
synonym: "inferior pancreatico-duodenal artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14805
xref: MA:0002014
xref: SCTID:244273004
xref: UMLS:C0226319
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Gray533.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Pancreatico-duodenal_artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0009658  ! pancreaticoduodenal artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001196
name: middle colic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle colic artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery that mostly supplies the transverse colon. It arises just below the pancreas, and, passing downward and forward between the layers of the transverse mesocolon, divides into two branches: right and left. The right branch anastomoses with the right colic artery The left branch anastomoses with the left colic artery, a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery. The arches thus formed are placed about two fingersb breadth from the transverse colon, to which they distribute branches. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_colic_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria colica media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_colic_artery]
xref: FMA:14810
xref: MA:0002007
xref: SCTID:244276007
xref: UMLS:C0226328
xref: galen:MiddleColicArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Gray537.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gray537.png/200px-Gray537.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Colic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001197
name: ileocolic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The Ileocolic Artery is the lowest branch arising from the concavity of the superior mesenteric artery. It passes downward and to the right behind the peritoneum toward the right iliac fossa, where it divides into a superior and an inferior branch; the inferior anastomoses with the end of the superior mesenteric artery, the superior with the right colic artery. Supplies the cecum, ileum, and appendix. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ileocolic_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria ileocolica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ileocolic_artery]
xref: FMA:14815
xref: MA:0001970
xref: SCTID:244279000
xref: UMLS:C0226323
xref: galen:IleocolicArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Gray536.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ileo-colic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001198
name: superior suprarenal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Each (left and right) superior suprarenal artery is a branch of the inferior phrenic artery on that side of the body. The left and right phrenic arteries supply the diaphragm, and come off the aorta. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_suprarenal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteriae suprarenales superiores" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_suprarenal_artery]
synonym: "superior adrenal branch of inferior phrenic artery" EXACT []
synonym: "superior suprarenal branch of inferior phrenic artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14863
xref: MA:0002057
xref: SCTID:303424001
xref: UMLS:C0580876
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Gray1121.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gray1121.png/200px-Gray1121.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Suprarenal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005624  ! suprarenal artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0012255 ! inferior phrenic artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001199
name: mucosa of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane layer of the stomach which contains the glands and the gastric pits. In men it is about 1 mm thick and its surface is smooth, soft, and velvety. It consists of epithelium, lamina propria, and the muscularis mucosae. In its fresh state, it is of a pinkish tinge at the pyloric end and of a red or reddish-brown color over the rest of its surface. In infancy it is of a brighter hue, the vascular redness being more marked. It is thin at the cardiac extremity, but thicker toward the pylorus. During the contracted state of the organ it is thrown into numerous plaits or rugae, which, for the most part, have a longitudinal direction, and are most marked toward the pyloric end of the stomach, and along the greater curvature. These folds are entirely obliterated when the organ becomes distended. When examined with a lens, the inner surface of the mucous membrane presents a peculiar honeycomb appearance from being covered with funnel-like depressions or foveolae of a polygonal or hexagonal form, which vary from 0.12 to 0.25 mm. in diameter. These are the ducts of the gastric glands, and at the bottom of each may be seen one or more minute orifices, the openings of the gland tubes. Gastric glands are simple or branched tubular glands that emerge on the deeper part of the gastric foveola, inside the gastric areas and outlined by the folds of the mucosa. There are three types of glands: cardiac glands (in the proximal part of the stomach), oxyntic glands (the dominating type of gland), and pyloric glands. The cardiac glands mainly contain mucus producing cells. The bottom part of the oxyntic glands is dominated by zymogen (chief) cells that produce pepsinogen (an inactive precursor of the pepsin enzyme). Parietal cells, which secrete hydrochloric acid are scattered in the glands, with most of them in the middle part. The upper part of the glands consist of mucous neck cells; in this part the dividing cells are seen. The pyloric glands contain mucus-secreting cells. Several types of endocrine cells are found in all regions of the gastric mucosa. In the pyloric glands contain gastrin producing cells (G cells); this hormone stimulates acid production from the parietal cells. ECL (enterochromaffine-like) cells, found in the oxyntic glands release histamine, which also is a powerful stimulant of the acid secretion. The A cells produce glucagon, which mobilizes the hepatic glycogen, and the enterochromaffin cells that produce serotonin, which stimulates the contraction of the smooth muscles. The surface of the mucous membrane is covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium . This epithelium commences very abruptly at the cardiac orifice, where there is a sudden transition from the stratified epithelium of the esophagus. The epithelial lining of the gland ducts is of the same character and is continuous with the general epithelial lining of the stomach. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gastric_mucosa]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Magenschleimhaut" RELATED [BTO:0001308]
synonym: "gastric mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "gastric mucous membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach" EXACT []
synonym: "mucous membrane of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa (gaster)" EXACT []
synonym: "tunica mucosa gastricae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14907, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tunica mucosa gastris" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001308, Wikipedia:Gastric_mucosa]
synonym: "ventriculus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001308
xref: FMA:14907
xref: GAID:321
xref: MA:0002683
xref: MESH:A03.492.766.440
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8NhB4rvcD6KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvmKNOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362131005
xref: UMLS:C0017136
xref: galen:GastricMucosa
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Illu_stomach2.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Illu_stomach2.jpg/200px-Illu_stomach2.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004786  ! gastrointestinal system mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001200
name: submucosa of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a stomach [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "gastric submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "stomach submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "submucosa of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tela submucosa (gaster)" EXACT []
synonym: "ventriculus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0002110
xref: FMA:14908
xref: MA:0002685
xref: SCTID:52459002
xref: UMLS:C0227211
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001201
name: serosa of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a wall of stomach [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check serosa/peritoneum
synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of ventriculus serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of ventriculus serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric serosa" RELATED []
synonym: "gastric wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of anatomical wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of anatomical wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of gastric wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of stomach anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of stomach wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of ventriculus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of ventriculus wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous coat of stomach" EXACT []
synonym: "serous membrane of anatomical wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of anatomical wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of gastric wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of stomach anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of stomach wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of ventriculus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of ventriculus wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach anatomical wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach anatomical wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "stomach wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica serosa (gaster)" EXACT []
synonym: "tunica serosa gastricae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14914, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ventriculus anatomical wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus anatomical wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of stomach" EXACT []
synonym: "wall of stomach serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of stomach serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of ventriculus serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of ventriculus serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14914
xref: MA:0001626
xref: SCTID:1353004
xref: UMLS:C1517453
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Serosal_Surface
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004782  ! gastrointestinal system serosa
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001202
name: pyloric sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "A strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from the celiac ganglion[WP]." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pyloric valve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pylorus]
xref: AAO:0011093
xref: EMAPA:19251
xref: FMA:14916
xref: MA:0002952
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvly2ZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:268073008
xref: UMLS:C0227238
xref: VHOG:0001466
xref: XAO:0000457
xref: ncithesaurus:Pyloric_Sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011185  ! gastrointestinal sphincter
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0008858 ! pyloric canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus
property_value: homology_notes "(...) the adult Xenopus stomach exhibits both glandular and aglandular regions and a distinct pyloric sphincter similar to that of the amniotic vertebrates (...).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001203
name: muscularis mucosae of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscularis mucosa that is part of a mucosa of stomach." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "gastric muscularis mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina muscularis mucosae (tunica mucosa)(gaster)" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina muscularis of gastric mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "muscular coat of stomach" EXACT []
synonym: "stomach muscularis mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "tunica muscularis gastricae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14924, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:14924
xref: MA:0002684
xref: SCTID:64551004
xref: UMLS:C0227200
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Muscularis_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004222  ! stomach smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001204
name: mucosa of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "mucosa of organ of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of small intestine" EXACT []
synonym: "organ mucosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestinal mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine mucous membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa (intestinum tenue)" EXACT []
synonym: "tunica mucosa intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14933, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0001259
xref: FMA:14933
xref: MA:0002686
xref: SCTID:362144000
xref: UMLS:C0227261
xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0001242  ! intestinal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001205
name: submucosa of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "submucosal tissue in the small intestines." [Wikipedia:Small_intestinal_submucosa]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "small bowel submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestinal submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "submucosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tela submucosa (intestinum tenue)" EXACT []
synonym: "tela submucosa intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002112]
xref: BTO:0002112
xref: FMA:14934
xref: MA:0001562
xref: SCTID:691000
xref: UMLS:C0227268
xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0009566  ! intestinal submucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001206
name: serosa of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Histology notes: duodenum, 1st part serosa, 2nd - 4th adventitia
synonym: "serosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous coat of small intestine" EXACT []
synonym: "serous membrane of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestinal serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica serosa (intestinum tenue)" EXACT []
synonym: "tunica serosa intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14938, FMA:TA]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of small intestine" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14938
xref: MA:0001558
xref: SCTID:8266009
is_a: UBERON:0001243  ! serosa of intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001243 ! serosa of intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001207
name: mucosa of large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "large intestinal mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestine mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestine organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of large intestine" EXACT []
synonym: "organ mucosa of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa intestini crassi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14969, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:14969
xref: MA:0002688
xref: UMLS:C0734203
xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0001242  ! intestinal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001208
name: submucosa of large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "large intestinal submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine submucosa" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002111
xref: FMA:14970
xref: MA:0002690
xref: UMLS:C0734204
xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0009566  ! intestinal submucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001209
name: serosa of large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check serosa/peritoneum
synonym: "large intestinal serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous coat of large intestine" EXACT []
synonym: "serous membrane of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica serosa intestini crassi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14975, FMA:TA]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of large intestine" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14975
xref: MA:0001546
xref: UMLS:C1517727
xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Serosal_Surface
is_a: UBERON:0001243  ! serosa of intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001243 ! serosa of intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001210
name: muscularis mucosae of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscularis mucosa that is part of a small intestine." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "lamina muscularis mucosae (tunica mucosa)(intestinum tenue)" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina muscularis of small intestine mucous membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine muscularis mucosa" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15051
xref: MA:0002687
xref: SCTID:36401004
xref: UMLS:C0227262
xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Muscularis_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0001240  ! muscularis mucosae of intestine
is_a: UBERON:0004239  ! small intestine smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001240 ! muscularis mucosae of intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001211
name: Peyer's patch
namespace: uberon
def: "aggregations of lymphoid tissue that are usually found in the lowest portion of the small intestine ileum in humans; as such, they differentiate the ileum from the duodenum and jejunum // nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine." [Wikipedia:Peyer's_patch]
comment: AO notes: FMA has [set of?] [aggregated,small] lymphoid [follice,nodule] of [colon, SI, I, etc] - Pp is a syn for Aggregated lymphoid follicle of small intestine; but MA uses Pp as covering both SI and LI. MA also includes follicle as a part. WP says duodenum and jejunum lack PPs. Taxon notes: Reptiles have accumulations of lymphocytes in their guts that may be primitive Peyer's patches (Zapata and Solas).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "aggregated lymphoid follicle of intestine" RELATED []
synonym: "aggregated lymphoid nodule" RELATED []
synonym: "noduli lymphoidei aggregati intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76466, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0001784
xref: EFO:0001381
xref: EMAPA:19028
xref: GAID:950
xref: MA:0000137
xref: MESH:A10.549.598
xref: UMLS:C0031272
xref: ncithesaurus:Mouse_Peyer_s_Patches
xref: ncithesaurus:Peyer_s_Patch
is_a: UBERON:0001962  ! gut-associated lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001212
name: duodenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "compound tubular submucosal glands found in that portion of the duodenum which is above the hepatopancreatic sphincter (Sphincter of Oddi). The main function of these glands is to produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Brunner's_glands]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Brunner's gland" EXACT [FMA:15060]
synonym: "gland of Brunner" EXACT [FMA:15060]
synonym: "glandula duodenales" RELATED [BTO:0002376]
synonym: "glandula duodenales Brunneri" RELATED [BTO:0002376]
xref: BTO:0002376
xref: FMA:15060
xref: GAID:314
xref: MA:0001551
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.620.270.322
xref: SCTID:41298001
xref: UMLS:C0006323
xref: ncithesaurus:Brunner_s_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
is_a: UBERON:0011148  ! submucosal gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003332 ! submucosa of duodenum
relationship: secretes UBERON:0000912 ! mucus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001213
name: intestinal villus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0007607
def: "Tiny, finger-like projections that protrude from the epithelial lining of the intestinal wall[WP]" [Wikipedia:Intestinal_villus]
comment: Editor notes: in mammals, villi are (largely?) absent from the large intestine, so we treat this as equivalent to small intestinal villus. small/large subdivision may not make sense for all speciesi for which this is present (see ZFA). Note that VHOG quotes ISBN:978-0030223693 as suggesting there are some villi in the large intestine.  AO Notes: the BTO class refers to a generic villous
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "enteric villi" EXACT PLURAL [HP:0011473]
synonym: "enteric villous" EXACT [HP:0011473]
synonym: "enteric villus" EXACT [HP:0011473]
synonym: "intestinal villi" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005125]
synonym: "intestinal villus layer" RELATED []
synonym: "small intestine villus" RELATED [MA:0001563]
synonym: "villi intestinales" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Intestinal_villus]
synonym: "villus" EXACT [BTO:0003121]
synonym: "villus intestinalis (intestinum tenue)" EXACT [FMA:15072]
xref: BTO:0003121
xref: FMA:15072
xref: MA:0001563
xref: SCTID:23230007
xref: TAO:0005125
xref: UMLS:C1519988
xref: ZFA:0005125
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg/200px-Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Villus
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001277 ! intestinal epithelium
property_value: external_definition "The entire digestive tract is lined by well developed villi, which are longest in the intestinal bulb and decrease progressively in size towards the caudal end of the intestine. No crypts are present, but,  the regions between the villi, the intervillus pockets, have a crypt-like function. Cells are produced in the intervillus pockets and  shed from the villus tips. Crosnier et al. 2005[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001214
name: pancreatic tributary of splenic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The pancreatic veins consist of several small vessels which drain the body and tail of the pancreas, and open into the trunk of the great pancreatic vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_vein]
comment: AO notes: see also  MA:0002165
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pancreatic vein" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15388
xref: MA:0002189
xref: SCTID:264492008
xref: UMLS:C0226743
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0002017  ! portal vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003713 ! splenic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001215
name: inferior mesenteric vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the large intestine. It usually terminates when reaching the splenic vein, which goes on to form the portal vein with the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). Anatomical variations include the IMV draining into the confluence of the SMV and splenic vein and the IMV draining in the SMV. The IMV lies to the right of the similarly name artery, the inferior mesenteric artery, which originates from the abdominal aorta. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lower mesenteric vein" RELATED [BTO:0002782]
synonym: "vena mesenterica inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_vein]
xref: BTO:0002782
xref: EHDAA2:0000819
xref: EHDAA:8712
xref: EMAPA:18642
xref: FMA:15391
xref: MA:0002178
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvcV53ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:281055007
xref: UMLS:C0226754
xref: VHOG:0001118
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Mesenteric_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0005617  ! mesenteric vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003713 ! splenic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001216
name: jejunal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The jejunal veins are tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Jejunal_veins]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "venae jejunales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Jejunal_veins]
xref: FMA:15402
xref: MA:0002153
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png
is_a: UBERON:0002017  ! portal vein
relationship: drains UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001217
name: ileal vein
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:15405
xref: MA:0002140
xref: UMLS:C1301431
xref: ncithesaurus:Ileal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0002017  ! portal vein
relationship: drains UBERON:0002116 ! ileum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0002116 ! ileum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001218
name: middle colic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle colic vein drains the transverse colon. It is a tributary of the superior mesenteric vein, and follows the path of its corresponding artery, the middle colic artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_colic_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vena colica media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_colic_vein]
synonym: "vena colica media (intermedia)" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15406
xref: MA:0002181
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvywYIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:9018004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png
is_a: UBERON:0002017  ! portal vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001219
name: ileocolic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The ileocolic vein is a vein which drains the ileum, colon, and cecum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ileocolic_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vena ileocolica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ileocolic_vein]
xref: FMA:15408
xref: MA:0002141
xref: SCTID:36208008
xref: UMLS:C0226744
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ileocolic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0002017  ! portal vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001220
name: quadratus lumborum
namespace: uberon
def: "The Quadratus lumborum is irregular and quadrilateral in shape, and broader below than above. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Quadratus_lumborum_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "muscle of posterior abdominal wall" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18524
xref: FMA:15569
xref: MA:0002362
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvj1wcpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0224380
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Gray1124.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gray1124.png/200px-Gray1124.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Quadratus_Lumborum
is_a: UBERON:0002378  ! muscle of abdomen
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001221
name: transversus abdominis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The transversus abdominis muscle, also known as the transversalis muscle and transverse abdominal muscle, is a muscle layer of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall which is just deep to (layered below) the internal oblique muscle. It is thought to be a major muscle of the functional core of the human body; although some argue that due to its small cross-sectional area, it cannot generate the forces required to be a prime core stabilizer. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus transversus abdominis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15570, FMA:TA]
synonym: "transversalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transversalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transverse abdominal" EXACT [FMA:15570, Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transverse abdominal muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transverse abdominis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transverse abdominus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transversis abdominus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transversus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transversus abdominis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transversus abdominus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
synonym: "transversus abdominus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle]
xref: EHDAA2:0002078
xref: EHDAA:8254
xref: EMAPA:18165
xref: FMA:15570
xref: MA:0002396
xref: SCTID:244949003
xref: UMLS:C0224378
xref: VHOG:0000845
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Illu_trunk_muscles.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Illu_trunk_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_trunk_muscles.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Transversus_Abdominis
is_a: UBERON:0002461  ! anterior abdominal wall muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 ! body-wall mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 ! anterior abdominal wall
property_value: external_definition "One of a pair of transverse abdominal muscles that is the anterolateral muscle of the abdomen, lying immediately under the internal abdominal oblique. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Behind the thorax, the lateral group (of muscles in reptiles and mammals) remains essentially as for amphibians. (It breaks into three sheet-like layers: external oblique muscle, the internal oblique, and the transversus). More anteriorly, however, the ribs, now enlarged, penetrate and alter this group of muscles. The transversus is excluded from the thorax and the external and internal obliques become, respectively, the external and internal intercostal muscles, which contribute to the new function of ventilation of the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001222
name: right ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "An ureter that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:15571
xref: MA:0001685
xref: SCTID:276251000
xref: UMLS:C0227682
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Ureter
is_a: UBERON:0000056  ! ureter
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000056  ! ureter
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001223
name: left ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "An ureter that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:15572
xref: MA:0001684
xref: SCTID:276340002
xref: UMLS:C0227683
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Ureter
is_a: UBERON:0000056  ! ureter
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000056  ! ureter
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001224
name: renal pelvis
namespace: uberon
def: "funnel shaped proximal portion of the ureter that is formed by convergence of the major calices [MP]." [MP:0004194, Wikipedia:Renal_pelvis]
comment: In this ontology, the renal pelvis is represented as the area of part-overlap between the kidney and the ureter
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "kidney pelvis" EXACT []
synonym: "p. renallis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_pelvis]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter" EXACT []
synonym: "pyelum" RELATED [MP:0004194]
xref: EMAPA:17948
xref: FMA:15575
xref: GAID:426
xref: MA:0000374
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.537
xref: SCTID:362221007
xref: UMLS:C0227666
xref: galen:RenalPelvis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney2.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Pelvis
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001088 ! urine
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002355  ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001225
name: cortex of kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "Region of parenchyma of kidney representing the outer portion.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Renal_cortex]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cortex renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15581, FMA:TA]
synonym: "kidney cortex" EXACT []
synonym: "renal cortex" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001166
xref: EMAPA:17952
xref: FMA:15581
xref: GAID:424
xref: MA:0000372
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.324
xref: SCTID:362211004
xref: UMLS:C0022655
xref: galen:CortexOfKidney
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008987 ! renal parenchyma
intersection_of: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001226
name: major calyx
namespace: uberon
def: "The major calyx, in the kidney, surrounds the apex of the malpighian pyramids. Urine formed in the kidney passes through a papilla at the apex into a minor calyx then into major calyx before passing through the renal pelvis into the ureter. Peristalsis of the smooth muscle originating in pace-maker cells originating in the walls of the calyces propels urine through the pelvis and ureters to the bladder. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Major_calyx]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "calices renales majores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Major_calyx]
synonym: "major calix" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18677
xref: FMA:15613
xref: MA:0001644
xref: SCTID:1106008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/200px-Kidney_PioM.png
is_a: UBERON:0006517  ! kidney calyx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001227
name: minor calyx
namespace: uberon
def: "The minor calyx, in the kidney, surrounds the apex of the malpighian pyramids. Urine formed in the kidney passes through a papilla at the apex into the minor calyx then into the major calyx. Peristalsis of the smooth muscle originating in pace-maker cells originating in the walls of the calyces propels urine through the pelvis and ureters to the bladder. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Minor_calyx]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "calices renales minores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Minor_calyx]
synonym: "minor calix" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18678
xref: FMA:15614
xref: MA:0001645
xref: SCTID:26293004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/200px-Kidney_PioM.png
is_a: UBERON:0006517  ! kidney calyx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001229
name: renal corpuscle
namespace: uberon
def: "In the kidney, a renal corpuscle is the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron. It consists of two structures: a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_corpuscle]
comment: Together, the Bowmans capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Malpighian corpuscle" EXACT [ZFA:0005281]
synonym: "corpusculum renale" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "corpusculum renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_corpuscle]
synonym: "cortical renal corpuscle" RELATED [MA:0000376]
synonym: "kidney corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Renal_corpuscle]
synonym: "malphighian corpuscle" RELATED [MA:0000376]
synonym: "malphigian corpuscle" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000333
xref: EMAPA:28236
xref: EV:0100385
xref: FMA:15625
xref: MA:0000376
xref: SCTID:361329009
xref: TAO:0005281
xref: UMLS:C0227635
xref: VHOG:0001262
xref: ZFA:0005281
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Renal_corpuscle.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Renal_corpuscle.svg/200px-Renal_corpuscle.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Corpuscle
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007684 ! uriniferous tubule
property_value: external_definition "A mass of arterial capillaries enveloped in a capsule and attached to a tubule in the kidney[BTO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A tuft of capillaries found in a Bowman's capsule in which waste products are filtered from the blood and urine formation is initiated. Paired highly vascularized structures of the pronephros, responsible for blood filtration.[XAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The part of the nephron that filters blood.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001230
name: glomerular capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "The Bowman's capsule is a cup-like sac at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron in the mammalian kidney. A glomerulus is enclosed in the sac. Fluids from blood in the glomerulus are collected in the Bowman's capsule and further processed along the nephron to form urine. This process is known as ultrafiltration. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Bowman%27s_capsule]
comment: One fold of the S-shaped body gives rise to Bowmanbs capsule[GUDMAP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Bowman's capsule" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
synonym: "Bowmans capsule" EXACT [KUPO:0001001]
synonym: "bowman's capsule " RELATED [TAO:0005254]
synonym: "capsula glomerularis" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "capsula glomeruli" RELATED LATIN []
synonym: "pronephric glomerular capsule" RELATED [TAO:0005310]
synonym: "renal glomerular capsule" EXACT [TAO:0005254]
xref: AAO:0010526
xref: BTO:0002297
xref: EMAPA:27973
xref: EMAPA:28257
xref: FMA:15626
xref: KUPO:0001001
xref: MA:0001660
xref: SCTID:361331000
xref: TAO:0005254
xref: TAO:0005310
xref: UMLS:C0524448
xref: ZFA:0005254
xref: ZFA:0005310
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray1130.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray1130.svg/200px-Gray1130.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bowman_s_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004199 ! S-shaped body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002015  ! kidney capsule
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure found in the kidney consisting of an expanded end of a kidney tubule surrounding a glomerulus and is the major site of filtration.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001231
name: nephron tubule
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004210
def: "An epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney." [GO:0072078, Wikipedia:Renal_tubule]
comment: note that in ISBN10:0073040584 \"Vertebrates, Kardong\", the uriniferous tubule contains the nephron, so we have a separate class, rather than using a synonym, as in MA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "kidney tubule" EXACT [GAID:433]
synonym: "renal tubule" BROAD []
synonym: "tubulus renalis" EXACT []
synonym: "uriniferous tubule" RELATED [MA:0000377]
xref: BTO:0000343
xref: EFO:0003666
xref: EMAPA:27782
xref: EV:0100387
xref: FMA:15627
xref: GAID:433
xref: MA:0000377
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736.560
xref: SCTID:361332007
xref: TAO:0001287
xref: UMLS:C0022674
xref: ZFA:0001287
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Tubule
is_a: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0009773  ! renal tubule
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003918 ! kidney mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001232
name: collecting duct of renal tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The collecting duct is a portion of the nephron through which water flows, moving passively down its concentration gradient" [GO:0072044, Wikipedia:Collecting_tubule]
comment: note that in ISBN10:0073040584 \"Vertebrates, Kardong\", the nephron is adjacent to the collecting tubule, consistent with FMA, but not GO. Wikipedia says: Many sources include the connecting tubule as part of the collecting duct system. However, the embryological origin is more similar to the nephron than it is to the rest of the collecting duct (which derives from the ureteric bud), and other sources therefore classify the connecting tubule with the nephron
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arcuate renal tubule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Connecting_tubule]
synonym: "collecting duct" EXACT [GO:0072044]
synonym: "collecting duct system" RELATED [BTO:0000761]
synonym: "collecting tubule" RELATED []
synonym: "junctional tube" RELATED [Wikipedia:Connecting_tubule]
synonym: "kidney collecting duct" EXACT []
synonym: "kidney collecting tubule" RELATED []
synonym: "renal collecting tubule" EXACT [FMA:15628]
synonym: "tubulus renalis arcuatus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Connecting_tubule]
synonym: "tubulus renalis colligens" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000761
xref: EMAPA:28407
xref: EV:0100391
xref: FMA:15628
xref: GAID:434
xref: MA:0000371
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736.560.510
xref: SCTID:28202009
xref: TAO:0005294
xref: ZFA:0005294
is_a: UBERON:0006553  ! renal duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007684 ! uriniferous tubule
property_value: external_definition "Renal duct that collects the output from renal tubules.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001233
name: right adrenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An adrenal gland that is in the right side of the abdomen" [OBOL:automatic]
comment: in humans, the right adrenal gland is triangular shaped[WP]
synonym: "glandula suprarenalis dexter" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "right suprarenal gland" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15629
xref: MA:0000719
xref: SCTID:281625001
xref: UMLS:C0229559
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Adrenal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002369  ! adrenal gland
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0002369  ! adrenal gland
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001234
name: left adrenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An adrenal gland that is in the left side of the abdomen" [OBOL:automatic]
comment: in humans, the left adrenal gland is semilunar shaped[WP]
synonym: "glandula suprarenalis sinister" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "left suprarenal gland" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15630
xref: MA:0000718
xref: SCTID:281626000
xref: UMLS:C0229560
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Adrenal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002369  ! adrenal gland
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0002369  ! adrenal gland
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001235
name: adrenal cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "Situated along the perimeter of the adrenal gland, the adrenal cortex mediates the stress response through the production of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, including aldosterone and cortisol respectively. It is also a secondary site of androgen synthesis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Adrenal_cortex]
comment: Taxon notes: Kardong states that mammals are the first to have distinct cortext and medulla, but this contradicts XAO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "adrenal gland cortex" EXACT []
synonym: "cortex (glandula suprarenalis)" EXACT []
synonym: "cortex glandulae suprarenalis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000045, Wikipedia:Adrenal_cortex]
synonym: "cortex of adrenal gland" EXACT []
synonym: "cortex of suprarenal gland" EXACT []
synonym: "suprarenal" RELATED []
synonym: "suprarenal cortex" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011009
xref: BTO:0000045
xref: EFO:0000237
xref: EMAPA:18427
xref: EV:0100136
xref: FMA:15632
xref: GAID:447
xref: MA:0000118
xref: MAT:0000494
xref: MESH:A06.407.071.140
xref: SCTID:362584002
xref: UMLS:C0001613
xref: VHOG:0001481
xref: XAO:0000165
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland
property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues (medulla), but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001236
name: adrenal medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "The adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal gland. It is located at the center of the gland, being surrounded by the adrenal cortex. It is the innermost part of the adrenal gland, consisting of cells that secrete epinephrine, norepinephrine, and a small amount of dopamine in response to stimulation by sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Composed mainly of hormone-producing chromaffin cells, the adrenal medulla is the principal site of the conversion of the amino acid tyrosine into the catecholamines adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline (norepinephrine), and dopamine[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Adrenal_medulla]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "adrenal gland medulla" EXACT []
synonym: "chromaffin cells" RELATED []
synonym: "medulla (glandula suprarenalis)" EXACT []
synonym: "medulla glandulae suprarenalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15633, FMA:TA]
synonym: "medulla of adrenal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla of glandula suprarenalis" RELATED [BTO:0000049]
synonym: "medulla of suprarenal gland" EXACT []
synonym: "suprarenal medulla" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011010
xref: BTO:0000049
xref: EFO:0000852
xref: EMAPA:18428
xref: EV:0100137
xref: FMA:15633
xref: GAID:451
xref: MA:0000119
xref: MAT:0000495
xref: MESH:A06.224.161
xref: SCTID:362585001
xref: UMLS:C0001629
xref: VHOG:0001378
xref: XAO:0000166
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Medulla
is_a: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland
property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues (medulla), but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001237
name: paraaortic body
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Organ_of_Zuckerkandl]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "organ of zuckerkandl" EXACT []
synonym: "para-aortic body" RELATED []
synonym: "paraganglia of zuckerkandl" RELATED []
synonym: "paraganglion of Zuckerkandl" EXACT [EMAPA:18223]
xref: EMAPA:18223
xref: FMA:15647
xref: GAID:444
xref: MA:0001137
xref: MESH:A06.224.636
xref: SCTID:276159005
xref: UMLS:C0442134
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Gray531.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray531.png/200px-Gray531.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Paraaortic
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001238
name: lamina propria of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "Lamina propria that is part_of the small intestine." [GOC:Obol]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of small intestine" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina propria of mucosa of small intestine" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina propria of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine lamina propria" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15651
xref: MA:0001554
xref: SCTID:63588008
xref: UMLS:C1711325
xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Lamina_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0004780  ! gastrointestinal system lamina propria
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001239
name: muscularis mucosae of large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscularis mucosa that is part of a large intestine." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "lamina muscularis of large intestine mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina muscularis of large intestine mucous membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine muscularis mucosa" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15655
xref: MA:0002689
xref: UMLS:C0734776
xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Muscularis_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0001240  ! muscularis mucosae of intestine
is_a: UBERON:0004220  ! large intestine smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001240 ! muscularis mucosae of intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001240
name: muscularis mucosae of intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscularis mucosa that is part of a intestine." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "intestine muscularis mucosa" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15691
xref: MA:0002694
is_a: UBERON:0004221  ! intestine smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001241
name: crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A crypt of lieberkuhn that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "crypt of lieberkuhn of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinal gland of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinal gland of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lieberkuhn crypt of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lieberkuhn crypt of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel intestinal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel lieberkuhn crypt" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestinal crypt of Lieberkuhn" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine crypt of Lieberkuhn" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine intestinal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine lieberkuhn crypt" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15693
xref: MA:0001552
xref: SCTID:52688008
xref: UMLS:C0227267
xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Crypt_of_Lieberkuhn
is_a: UBERON:0001983  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0001983  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001242
name: intestinal mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "The innermost membrane of the four coats of the intestinal wall, the other three being the submucosa, muscular layers, and serosa. (Berk et al., Gastroenterology, 4th ed, v.3, p1479)" [MESH:A03.492.411.369]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bowel mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "intestine mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of intestine" EXACT []
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa intestini" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000642
xref: FMA:15695
xref: GAID:296
xref: MA:0001537
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.369
xref: SCTID:362080002
xref: UMLS:C0021839
xref: ncithesaurus:Intestinal_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004786  ! gastrointestinal system mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001243
name: serosa of intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a wall of intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check serosa/peritoneum
synonym: "anatomical wall of bowel serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of bowel serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of intestine serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of intestine serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel anatomical wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel anatomical wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinal serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "intestinal wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinal wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine anatomical wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine anatomical wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "intestine wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of anatomical wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of anatomical wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of bowel anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of bowel wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of intestinal wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of intestine wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of anatomical wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of anatomical wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of bowel anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of bowel wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of intestinal wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of intestine wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of intestine" EXACT []
synonym: "wall of bowel serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of bowel serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of intestine serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of intestine serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15701
xref: MA:0001538
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004782  ! gastrointestinal system serosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001244
name: internal anal sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sphincter ani internus (or internal anal sphincter) is a muscular ring which surrounds about 2.5 cm of the anal canal; its inferior border is in contact with, but quite separate from, the Sphincter ani externus. It is about 5 mm thick, and is formed by an aggregation of the involuntary circular fibers of the intestine. Its lower border is about 6 mm from the orifice of the anus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_anal_sphincter]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "circular layer of anal muscularis externa" EXACT []
synonym: "circular layer of muscularis externa of anal canal" EXACT []
synonym: "circular layer of muscularis propria of anal canal" EXACT []
synonym: "circular muscle layer of anal canal" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18266
xref: FMA:15710
xref: MA:0001534
xref: UMLS:C0224394
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray1079.png/200px-Gray1079.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Anal_Sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0004231  ! anal region smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004916  ! anal sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0007521  ! smooth muscle sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0012368  ! circular muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001245
name: anus
namespace: uberon
def: "Orifice at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. Its function is to expel feces, unwanted semi-solid matter produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest, such as bones; food material after all the nutrients have been extracted, for example cellulose or lignin; ingested matter which would be toxic if it remained in the digestive tract; and dead or excess gut bacteria and other endosymbionts." [Wikipedia:Anus, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Taxon notes: In the lungfish, sharks and rays the rectum opens into the cloaca which also receives wastes (urine) from the kidneys and material from the reproductive organs. In bony fish the rectum reaches the outside environment through the anus, which is normally situated just in front the urinary and reproductive openings. However in some fish the digestive tract may be curled back on itself, and in the Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus) the anus is situated in the fish's throat. -- http://www.earthlife.net/fish/digestion.html
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anal opening" EXACT []
synonym: "anal orifice" EXACT []
synonym: "opening of terminal part of digestive tract" EXACT []
synonym: "proctodeum" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001680
xref: EV:0100082
xref: FBbt:00001893
xref: FBbt:00003148
xref: FMA:15711
xref: GAID:312
xref: MA:0000331
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.495.767.288
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjaEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181262009
xref: TADS:0000066
xref: TGMA:0001279
xref: UMLS:C0003461
xref: WBbt:0005364
xref: galen:Anus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Protovsdeuterostomes.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Anorectum.gif/200px-Anorectum.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Anus
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000931 ! proctodeum
relationship: distal_part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
intersection_of: distal_part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
property_value: has_relational_adjective "anal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001246
name: interlobular bile duct
namespace: uberon
def: "the canals that carry bile in the liver between the intralobular ducts and the biliary ductules; interlobular bile ducts are part of the interlobular portal triad." [MP:0009500]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:15767
xref: MA:0002668
xref: SCTID:83488001
xref: UMLS:C0227515
xref: ncithesaurus:Interlobular_Bile_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0003704  ! intrahepatic bile duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001279 ! portal triad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001247
name: falciform ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "a ligament that attaches the liver to the anterior body wall. It is a broad and thin antero-posterior peritoneal fold, falciform in shape, its base being directed downward and backward and its apex upward and backward. It is a remnant of the ventral mesentery of the fetus. It is situated in an antero-posterior plane but lies obliquely, so that one surface faces forward and is in contact with the peritoneum behind the right rectus and the diaphragm, while the other is directed backward and is in contact with the left lobe of the liver. It is attached by its left margin to the under surface of the diaphragm and the posterior surface of the sheath of the right Rectus as low down as the umbilicus; by its right margin it extends from the notch on the anterior margin of the liver, as far back as the posterior surface. It is composed of two layers of peritoneum closely united together. Its base or free edge contains between its layers the round ligament and the paraumbilical veins[WP]." [Wikipedia:Falciform_ligament]
comment: In FMA this is a subclass of mesentery. In MA it is a subclass of ligament, we infer and assert this is a nonskeletal ligament
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "falciform ligament of liver" EXACT []
synonym: "ligamentum falciforme (hepatis)" EXACT []
synonym: "ligamentum falciforme hepatis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15823, FMA:TA]
xref: EHDAA2:0000499
xref: EHDAA:4856
xref: EMAPA:18288
xref: EMAPA:18908
xref: FMA:15823
xref: MA:0001622
xref: SCTID:362705001
xref: UMLS:C0230240
xref: VHOG:0000355
xref: ncithesaurus:Falciform_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0003281  ! mesentery of stomach
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0013139  ! ligament of liver
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000309 ! body wall
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002107 ! liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005626 ! ventral mesogastrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000309 ! body wall
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002107 ! liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001248
name: hilum of spleen
namespace: uberon
def: "The splenic hilum is a location on the surface of the spleen. It is the point of attachment for the gastrosplenic ligament, and the point of insertion for the splenic artery and splenic vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Splenic_hilum]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hilum" BROAD [EMAPA:19303]
synonym: "hilum lienale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15841, FMA:TA]
synonym: "hilum splenicum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15841, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Splenic_hilum]
synonym: "spleen hilum" EXACT []
synonym: "splenic hilum" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:19303
xref: FMA:15841
xref: MA:0002670
xref: SCTID:245377005
xref: UMLS:C0229685
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Gray1188.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gray1188.png/200px-Gray1188.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Hilum
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004885  ! hilum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0004885  ! hilum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001249
name: spleen lymphoid follicle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003969
def: "the area of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur" [CL:tm, MP:0008470, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/6]
synonym: "Malpighian body" EXACT [FMA:15843]
synonym: "lymphatic follicle of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15843]
synonym: "lymphoid follicle of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15843]
synonym: "lymphoid nodule of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15843]
synonym: "spleen B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "spleen lymphoid follicle" EXACT [MA:0002672]
synonym: "spleen lymphoid nodule" RELATED [MA:0002672]
synonym: "splenic B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "splenic lymphatic follicle" EXACT [FMA:15843]
synonym: "splenic lymphoid follicle" EXACT []
xref: MA:0002672
xref: SCTID:35845000
xref: UMLS:C1519475
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Lymphoid_Follicle
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000444  ! lymphoid follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006561 ! non-lymphatic part of lymphoid system
relationship: part_of UBERON:1000024 ! parenchyma of spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0000444  ! lymphoid follicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001250
name: red pulp of spleen
namespace: uberon
def: "Red pulp of the spleen is composed of connective tissue known as the cords of Billroth and many splenic sinuses that are engorged with blood, giving it a red color. Its primary function is to filter the blood of antigens, microorganisms, and defective or worn-out red blood cells. The spleen is made of red pulp and white pulp, separated by the marginal zone; 76-79% of a normal spleen is red pulp. Unlike white pulp, which mainly contains lymphocytes such as T cells, red pulp is made up of several different types of blood cells, including platelets, granulocytes, red blood cells, and plasma." [Wikipedia:Red_pulp]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pulpa rubra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15844, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pulpa splenica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Red_pulp]
synonym: "red pulp" EXACT []
synonym: "spleen red pulp" EXACT []
synonym: "splenic red pulp" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15844
xref: MA:0000756
xref: SCTID:27579002
xref: UMLS:C0229687
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray1191.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gray1191.png/200px-Gray1191.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Red_Pulp
is_a: UBERON:1000023  ! spleen pulp
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001251
name: marginal zone of spleen
namespace: uberon
def: "region at the interface between the non-lymphoid red pulp and the lymphoid white-pulp of the spleen." [Wikipedia:Marginal_zone]
comment: WP says - (Some sources consider it to be the part of red pulp which borders on the white pulp, while other sources consider it to be neither red pulp nor white pulp.) - we use the adjacency relation here so it overlaps neither. FMA considers this an anatomical line. Not to be confused with: Marginal zone of spleen (e.g. AAO:0010448 marginal zone)
synonym: "junctional zone of spleen" EXACT []
synonym: "marginal zone" BROAD [Wikipedia:Marginal_zone]
synonym: "spleen marginal zone" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15852
xref: MA:0000755
xref: UMLS:C1711368
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray1191.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gray1191.png/200px-Gray1191.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Marginal_Zone
is_a: UBERON:0000466  ! immaterial anatomical entity
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001250 ! red pulp of spleen
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004879  ! marginal zone of embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001252
name: adventitia of ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "An adventitia that is part of a ureter." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "external adventitia of ureter" EXACT []
synonym: "ureter adventitia" EXACT []
synonym: "ureteral adventitia" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:28114
xref: FMA:15892
xref: MA:0002652
xref: SCTID:392273001
xref: SCTID:47879001
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009916 ! wall of ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001253
name: lamina propria of ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a ureter [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ureter lamina propria" EXACT []
synonym: "ureter lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ureter lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:28841
xref: FMA:15896
xref: MA:0002653
xref: SCTID:2771005
is_a: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004980 ! mucosa of ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009916 ! wall of ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001254
name: urothelium of ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "the luminal epithelium of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder[MP,unvetted]" [MP:0000535]
comment: AO notes: MP treats ureter urothelium and ureter luminal urothelium as exact synonyms, yes MA treats these as distinct; see also: transitional epithelium vs urothelium
synonym: "transitional epithelium of ureter" EXACT []
synonym: "ureter luminal urothelium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MP:0000535]
synonym: "ureter transitional epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "ureter urothelium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15897
xref: MA:0002655
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000365  ! urothelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0000365  ! urothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001255
name: urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion[MP]." [MGI:anna, Wikipedia:Urinary_bladder]
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bladder" EXACT []
synonym: "urocyst" RELATED [Wikipedia:Urinary_bladder]
synonym: "vesica urinaria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Urinary_bladder]
xref: AAO:0000623
xref: BTO:0001418
xref: EFO:0000290
xref: EHDAA2:0000174
xref: EHDAA:9328
xref: EMAPA:18321
xref: EV:0100098
xref: FMA:15900
xref: GAID:0000004
xref: MA:0000380
xref: MAT:0000122
xref: MESH:A05.810.161
xref: MIAA:0000122
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjMmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302512001
xref: UMLS:C0005682
xref: VHOG:0000740
xref: XAO:0000154
xref: galen:UrinaryBladder
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Urinary_system.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Urinary_system.svg/200px-Urinary_system.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000489  ! cavitated compound organ
is_a: UBERON:0002075  ! viscus
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract
property_value: external_definition "A saccular organ in which urine accumulates before discharge from the body. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which consists of a membranous sac used to temporarily store urine until it is excreted from the body.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In tetrapods, the urinary bladder arises as an outpocketing of the cloaca. (...) The tetrapod urinary bladder appears first among amphibians and is present in Sphenodon, turtles, most lizards, ostriches among birds, and all mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001256
name: wall of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "anatomical wall of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder wall" EXACT []
synonym: "wall of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001462
xref: FMA:15902
xref: MA:0002493
xref: SCTID:362225003
xref: UMLS:C0458421
xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Wall
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001257
name: trigone of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "The trigone is a smooth triangular region of the internal urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice. The area is very sensitive to expansion and once stretched to a certain degree, the urinary bladder signals the brain of its need to empty. The signals become stronger as the bladder continues to fill. Embryologically, the trigone of the Bladder is derived from the caudal end of mesonephric ducts. In the Female the mesonephric ducts break down but, thus, the Trigone of the Bladder is less prominent but, still present. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trigone_of_urinary_bladder]
comment: Development notes: Embryologically, the trigone of the bladder is derived from the caudal end of mesonephric ducts, which is of mesodermal origin (the rest of the bladder is endodermal). In the female the mesonephric ducts regresses, causing the trigone to be less prominent, but still present[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT []
synonym: "bladder trigone" EXACT []
synonym: "deep trigone" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus trigoni vesicae profundus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15910, FMA:TA]
synonym: "trigone of bladder" EXACT []
synonym: "trigonum vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15910, FMA:TA]
synonym: "trigonum vesicae urinariae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigone_of_urinary_bladder]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone" EXACT []
synonym: "vesical trigone" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15910
xref: MA:0002492
xref: SCTID:272663002
xref: UMLS:C0447586
xref: galen:TrigoneOfUrinaryBladder
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_bladder.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_bladder.jpg/200px-Illu_bladder.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Trigone
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006082 ! fundus of urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001258
name: neck of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "the constricted portion of the urinary bladder, formed by the meeting of its inferolateral surfaces proximal to the opening of the urethra[MP]." [MP:anna, Wikipedia:Neck_of_urinary_bladder]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bladder neck" EXACT []
synonym: "cervix vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15912, FMA:TA]
synonym: "cervix vesicae urinariae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neck_of_urinary_bladder]
synonym: "collum vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15912, FMA:TA]
synonym: "neck of bladder" EXACT []
synonym: "urinary bladder neck" EXACT []
synonym: "vesical neck" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15912
xref: MA:0002491
xref: SCTID:362227006
xref: UMLS:C0227716
xref: galen:UrinaryBladderNeck
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray1156.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray1156.png/200px-Gray1156.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Neck
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001560  ! neck of organ
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001259
name: mucosa of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "bladder mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bladder" EXACT []
synonym: "mucous membrane of urinary bladder" EXACT []
synonym: "organ mucosa of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa (vesica urinaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15928, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tunica mucosa vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15928, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tunica mucosa vesicae urinariae" EXACT [MP:MP]
synonym: "urinary bladder mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "urinary bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0000293
xref: FMA:15928
xref: MA:0001692
xref: SCTID:362224004
xref: UMLS:C0227691
xref: galen:MucousMembraneOfUrinaryBladder
xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001256 ! wall of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001260
name: serosa of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check serosa/peritoneum
synonym: "bladder serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "bladder serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of bladder" EXACT []
synonym: "serous coat of bladder" EXACT []
synonym: "serous coat of urinary bladder" EXACT []
synonym: "serous membrane of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica serosa (vesica urinaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15932, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tunica serosa vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15932, FMA:TA]
synonym: "urinary bladder serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "urinary bladder serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of urinary bladder" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:28661
xref: FMA:15932
xref: MA:0001696
xref: SCTID:5868002
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001256 ! wall of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001261
name: lamina propria of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "bladder lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder lamina propria" EXACT []
synonym: "urinary bladder lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:30088
xref: FMA:15935
xref: MA:0001695
xref: UMLS:C1706967
xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Lamina_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001256 ! wall of urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001259 ! mucosa of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001262
name: wall of intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editors note: we place two MA classes here due to the official ncit2ma mapping to intestinal wall tissue; not clear how bowel and intestine are different
synonym: "anatomical wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel wall" EXACT [MA:0001525, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinal wall" EXACT []
synonym: "intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine wall" EXACT []
synonym: "wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000647
xref: FMA:15949
xref: MA:0001525
xref: MA:0002693
xref: UMLS:C1708548
xref: ncithesaurus:Intestinal_Wall_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001263
name: pancreatic acinus
namespace: uberon
def: "the secretory units of the exocrine pancreas, where fluid containing digestive enzymes is produced; consists of a group of secretory cells surrounding a luminal space that connects to the pancreatic duct." [MP:0009145]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "acinus pancreaticus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16011]
synonym: "pancreas acinus" EXACT []
synonym: "pancreatic acinar" RELATED [TEMP:MP]
synonym: "pancreatic acini" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: FMA:16011
xref: MA:0002417
xref: SCTID:247604006
xref: UMLS:C0227578
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Acinus
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0009842  ! acinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007324 ! pancreatic lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0009842  ! acinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001264
name: pancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating enzymes[GO]. The mature pancreas of higher vertebrates and mammals comprises two major functional units: the exocrine pancreas, which is responsible for the production of digestive enzymes to be secreted into the gut lumen, and the endocrine pancreas, which has its role in the synthesis of several hormones with key regulatory functions in food uptake and metabolism. The exocrine portion constitutes the majority of the mass of the pancreas, and contains only two different cell types, the secretory acinar cells and the ductular cells. The endocrine portion, which comprises only 1b2% of the total mass, contains five different cell types, which are organized into mixed functional assemblies referred to as the islets of Langerhans[PMID]." [GO:0031016, PMID:16417468, Wikipedia:Pancreas]
comment: taxon notes: As a secretory organ serving exocrine and endocrine functions, the pancreas is specific to the vertebrates[PMID:16417468] Hagfishes and lampreys are unique in the complete separation of their endocrine pancreas (islet or- gan) and their exocrine pancreas (50). The endocrine and exocrine pancreas are coassociated in crown gnathostomes (50). In Branchiostoma and Ciona, there is no diverticulum as there is in hagfishes, lampreys, and gnathostomes, only dispersed insulin-secreting cells in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract (51, 52) [PMID:20959416]. The zebrafish does not have a discrete pancreas. Exocrine pancreatic tissue can be found scattered along the intestinal tract (Figures 16 and 17 ). The acinar structure of the exocrine pancreas is very similar to that of mammals and comprises cells with a very dark, basophilic cytoplasm
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0010112
xref: BTO:0000988
xref: EFO:0000855
xref: EHDAA2:0001367
xref: EHDAA:6893
xref: EMAPA:17503
xref: EMAPA:18816
xref: EV:0100092
xref: FMA:7198
xref: GAID:334
xref: MA:0000120
xref: MAT:0000075
xref: MESH:A03.734
xref: MIAA:0000075
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVimZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181277001
xref: TAO:0000140
xref: UMLS:C0030274
xref: VHOG:0000050
xref: XAO:0000136
xref: ZFA:0000140
xref: galen:Pancreas
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Illu_pancrease.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Illu_pancrease.svg/200px-Illu_pancrease.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreas
is_a: UBERON:0002075  ! viscus
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003922 ! pancreatic bud
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003923 ! dorsal pancreatic bud
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003924 ! ventral pancreatic bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010264  ! hepatopancreas
property_value: external_definition "Organ which secretes a fluid containing enzymes that aid in the digestion of food.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pancreatic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001265
name: trabecula of spleen
namespace: uberon
def: "A trabecula that is part of a spleen." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "spleen trabeculum" EXACT []
synonym: "splenic trabecula" EXACT []
xref: FMA:16027
xref: MA:0000758
xref: SCTID:61987002
xref: UMLS:C0229688
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Trabecula
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
relationship: part_of UBERON:1000024 ! parenchyma of spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001266
name: splenic cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A structure found in the red pulp of the spleen between the sinusoids, consisting of fibrils and connective tissue cells with a large population of monocytes and macrophages. These cords contain half of the human body's monocytes as a reserve so that after tissue injury these monocytes can move in and aid locally sourced monocytes in wound healing. Erythrocytes pass through the cords of Billroth before entering the sinusoids. The passage into the sinusoids may be seen as a bottleneck, where erythrocytes need to be flexible in order to pass through. In disorders of erythrocyte shape and/or flexibility, such as hereditary spherocytosis, erythrocytes fail to pass through and get phagocytosed, causing extravascular hemolysis." [Wikipedia:Cords_of_Billroth]
synonym: "cord of Billroth" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cords_of_Billroth]
synonym: "cord of Bilroth" EXACT [FMA:16031]
xref: FMA:16031
xref: MA:0002671
xref: UMLS:C0735011
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001250 ! red pulp of spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001267
name: femoral nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The femoral nerve, the largest branch of the lumbar plexus, arises from the ventral divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves. It descends through the fibers of the Psoas major, emerging from the muscle at the lower part of its lateral border, and passes down between it and the Iliacus, behind the iliac fascia; it then runs beneath the inguinal ligament, into the thigh, and splits into an anterior and a posterior division. Under the inguinal ligament, it is separated from the femoral artery by a portion of the Psoas major. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Femoral_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior crural nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus femoralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femoral_nerve]
xref: EHDAA2:0000507
xref: EHDAA:5655
xref: FMA:16486
xref: GAID:850
xref: MA:0001167
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.250
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwGC03JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181051004
xref: UMLS:C0015808
xref: VHOG:0001411
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Gray823.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gray823.png/200px-Gray823.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003431  ! leg nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001268
name: peritoneal fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Transudate contained in the peritoneal cavity.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Peritoneal_fluid]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0001031
xref: FMA:16515
xref: MA:0002531
xref: ncithesaurus:Peritoneal_Fluid
is_a: UBERON:0007794  ! serous fluid
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001269
name: acetabular part of hip bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The acetabulum is a concave surface of the pelvis. The head of the femur meets with the pelvis at the acetabulum, forming the hip joint. There are three bones of the os coxae (hip bone) that come together to form the acetabulum. Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which provides lower and side boundaries to the acetabulum. The ilium forms the upper boundary, providing a little less than two-fifths of the structure of the acetabulum. The rest is formed by the pubis, near the midline. It is bounded by a prominent uneven rim, which is thick and strong above, and serves for the attachment of the acetabular labrum, which reduces its opening, and deepens the surface for formation of the hip joint. At the lower part of the acetabulum is the acetabular notch, which is continuous with a circular depression, the acetabular fossa, at the bottom of the cavity of the acetabulum. The rest of the acetabulum is formed by a curved, crescent-moon shaped surface, the lunate surface, where the joint is made with the head of the femur. Its counterpart in the pectoral girdle is the glenoid fossa.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Acetabulum]
comment: In reptiles and in birds, the acetabula are deep sockets.[WP] Note that whilst WP defines this as a surface, MA treats it as a bone. There are other FMA classes that may be better suited to representing the surface.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "acetabular region" EXACT [VHOG:0000974]
synonym: "acetabulum" EXACT [MA:0001335]
xref: AAO:0000770
xref: EHDAA:10661
xref: FMA:16579
xref: GAID:206
xref: MA:0001335
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.611.108
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJlP9ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001427
xref: SCTID:182027007
xref: UMLS:C0000962
xref: VHOG:0000974
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg/200px-Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Acetabulum
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint
property_value: external_definition "Cavity for the articulation of the proximal bone of the hind limb.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "During the transformation from the osteolepiform fins to tetrapod limbs, the appendages and girdles underwent a number of radical changes. The pelvic girdle became a weight-bearing structure by evolution of an ischium, a full mesio-ventral contact between the two sides of the girdle, an ilium, and a contact between the vertebral column and the girdle through a sacral rib. Fore- and hindlimbs shifted laterally by reorientation of the glenoid and the acetabulum.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001270
name: bony pelvis
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans, the ring of bone formed by the sacrum and the first few coccygeal vertebrae as the roof, the pubis and ischia as the floor and the ilia and the acetabular part of the ischia as the walls." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bony+pelvis]
comment: in FMA, this is part of the axial skeletal system. todo: add taxon-specific part of relations connecting sub-structures to this.
xref: FMA:16580
xref: SCTID:46633002
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002355  ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001271
name: pelvic girdle region
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of lower limb or fin which links the limb/fin to the body[FMA,modified]. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left pelvic girdle regions." [FMA:16581, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dvdy.22617/full, https://groups.google.com/d/topic/obo-anatomy/h4R4xKmINrw/discussion]
comment: Note that this class describes the subdivision of the limb/fin, NOT the skeleton within. See also: skeleton of pectoral girdle (UBERON:0007831). See also comments on obo-anatomy mail list
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "girdle - pelvic" RELATED []
synonym: "pelvic girdle" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
xref: FMA:16581
xref: SCTID:360010001
xref: UMLS:C0684083
xref: VSAO:0000304
xref: ncithesaurus:Pelvic_Girdle
is_a: UBERON:0007823  ! appendage girdle region
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0007823  ! appendage girdle region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
disjoint_from: UBERON:0007832  ! pelvic girdle skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Subdivision of lower limb or fin which links the limb/fin to the body[FMA,modified]. There is only one instance of the pelvic girdle region per organism.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001272
name: innominate bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A fused bone consisting of the ilium, ischium and and pubis. Together with the sacrum and coccyx, it comprises the pelvis. [WP,modified]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Hip_bone]
comment: AO notes: in FMA this is a paired structure. NCITA has 'pelvic bone' but this is the *superclass* of ilium/ischium/pubis. The MA class 'pelvis bone' is actually a superclass of 'pelvic girdle bone' and caudal/sacral vertebra. Taxon notes: The hip/pelvic bone/basipterygium first appears in fishes, where it consists of a simple, usually triangular bone, to which the pelvic fin articulates. The hip bones on each side usually connect with each other at the forward end, and are even solidly fused in lungfishes and sharks, but they never attach to the vertebral column[WP] Editor notes: currently this class is restricted to exclude the teleost bone as the definition mentions ilium, ischium and pubis. In future we may add a grouping class for girdle bones that supports the appendage
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "basipterygium" RELATED []
synonym: "bone of pelvic girdle" BROAD [FMA:16585]
synonym: "coxal bone" EXACT [FMA:16585]
synonym: "hip bone" EXACT [FMA:16585]
synonym: "innominate" BROAD []
synonym: "innominate bone" EXACT [FMA:16585]
synonym: "os coxae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16585, FMA:TA]
synonym: "os innominatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hip_bone]
synonym: "pelvic bone" EXACT [FMA:16585]
xref: FMA:16585
xref: GAID:205
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.611
xref: SCTID:361776002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray341.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray341.png/200px-Gray341.png
is_a: UBERON:0007830  ! pelvic girdle bone/zone
is_a: UBERON:0010428  ! flat bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001273
name: ilium
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired endochondral bone that is the dorsal-most of the pelvic bones, offering attachment areas for gluteal muscles on its main surface [PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Ilium_(bone)]
comment: Note that this is_a hip bone in MA. Taxon notes: All reptiles have an ilium except snakes, although some snake species have a tiny bone which is considered to be an ilium[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ilium bone" EXACT []
synonym: "illium" RELATED []
synonym: "os iliacum" EXACT []
synonym: "os ilii" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000772
xref: EFO:0003049
xref: FMA:16589
xref: GAID:207
xref: MA:0001336
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.611.434
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvhwFJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182029005
xref: UMLS:C0020889
xref: galen:Ilium
xref: ncithesaurus:Ilium
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0007830  ! pelvic girdle bone/zone
is_a: UBERON:0008202  ! bone of hip region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010714 ! iliac cartilage condensation
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001272 ! innominate bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:8570
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443
property_value: external_definition "Paired, rodlike endochondral bones that constitute the anterior pelvic girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "iliac" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001274
name: ischium
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral bone that is paired, forming the posterior part of the pelvis, articulating with the pubis and ilium." [VSAO:0005006, VSAO:NI, Wikipedia:Ischium]
comment: Note that this is_a hip bone in MA; in FMA it is a zone of bone organ.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "os ischii" RELATED LATIN [AAO:0000860, Wikipedia:Ischium]
xref: AAO:0000860
xref: FMA:16592
xref: GAID:208
xref: MA:0001337
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.611.548
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlzMKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182025004
xref: UMLS:C0022122
xref: VSAO:0005006
xref: galen:Ischium
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg/200px-Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Ischium
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0007830  ! pelvic girdle bone/zone
is_a: UBERON:0008202  ! bone of hip region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006254 ! ischial cartilage condensation
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001272 ! innominate bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Paired bones of endochondral origin that constitute the posterior elements of the pelvic girdle. They are synostotically fused to each other and form the posterior part of the acetabulum.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ischial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001275
name: pubis
namespace: uberon
def: "A paired endochondral bone making up the anteroventral region of the tripartite pelvic girdle forming part of the ventral edge of the acetabulum. The origin site of many proximal hindlimb muscles. [PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Pubis_(bone)]
comment: AO notes: isa bone zone in FMA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "os pubis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubis_%28bone%29]
synonym: "pubic bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubis_%28bone%29]
synonym: "pubis bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubis_%28bone%29]
xref: AAO:0000861
xref: EMAPA:18728
xref: FMA:16595
xref: MA:0001338
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.611.781
xref: SCTID:182035005
xref: UMLS:C0034014
xref: galen:Pubis
xref: ncithesaurus:Pubic_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0007830  ! pelvic girdle bone/zone
is_a: UBERON:0008202  ! bone of hip region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010718 ! pubic cartilage condensation
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001272 ! innominate bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Paired, cartilaginous (ocassionally calcified) elements that form the ventral portion of the pelvic girdle. Each is located ventral to the acetabulum between the anteroventral margin of the ischium and the posteroventral margin of the illium. When the element calcifies or ossifies, its articulation with adjacent elements is difficult to distinguish. Both pubes are synchondrotically fused to one another.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001276
name: epithelium of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "the epithelial layer of the stomach ." [MP:0000471]
comment: in FMA this is classified as simple columnar, MA divides this into squamous and glandular
synonym: "epithelial tissue of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000500]
synonym: "stomach epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000500
xref: EHDAA2:0001918
xref: FMA:17091
xref: MA:0001610
xref: SCTID:64977002
xref: VHOG:0001433
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003350  ! epithelium of mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004808  ! gastrointestinal system epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001277
name: intestinal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The innermost membrane of the four coats of the intestinal wall, the other three being the submucosa, muscular layers, and serosa. (Berk et al., Gastroenterology, 4th ed, v.3, p1479)" [MESH:A03.492.411.369, Wikipedia:Intestinal_epithelium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bowel epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine epithelium" RELATED []
synonym: "villous epithelium" NARROW [ZFA:0005124]
xref: BTO:0000781
xref: FMA:17229
xref: MA:0001536
xref: SCTID:266135004
xref: TAO:0005124
xref: UMLS:C0226890
xref: ZFA:0005124
xref: ncithesaurus:Intestinal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003350  ! epithelium of mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004808  ! gastrointestinal system epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
property_value: external_definition "Simple columnar epithelium that lines the intestine, sometimes pseudostratified, with absorptive brush-border cells and mucous goblet cells clearly visible. Crosnier et al. 2005[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001278
name: epithelium of large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "epithelial tissue of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestinal epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestine epithelium" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:19257
xref: EMAPA:19262
xref: FMA:17301
xref: MA:0001545
is_a: UBERON:0001277  ! intestinal epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001279
name: portal triad
namespace: uberon
def: "a component of the hepatic lobule, that consists of:     hepatic artery,    hepatic portal vein,    bile duct,    lymphatic vessels,    and the branch of the vagus nerve." [Wikipedia:Portal_triad]
comment: The misnomer \"portal triad\" traditionally has included only the first three structures, and was named before lymphatic vessels were discovered in the structure. It can refer both to the largest branch of each of these vessels running inside the hepatoduodenal ligament, and to the smaller branches of these vessels inside the liver.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "trias hepatica" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Portal_triad]
xref: FMA:17523
xref: MA:0002499
xref: SCTID:362192000
xref: UMLS:C0227514
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Portal_triad.JPG
xref: ncithesaurus:Portal_Triad
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001172 ! hepatic acinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001280
name: liver parenchyma
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003223
def: "the functional units of the liver including the lobules." [MP:0008986]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "hepatic parenchyma" EXACT [FMA:17540]
synonym: "hepatic parenchyme" RELATED [VHOG:0000539]
synonym: "liver parenchyme" EXACT [XAO:0000454]
synonym: "parenchyma of liver" EXACT [FMA:17540]
xref: AAO:0010405
xref: EHDAA2:0001004
xref: EHDAA:2201
xref: EMAPA:17203
xref: FMA:17540
xref: MA:0000366
xref: SCTID:363535004
xref: VHOG:0000539
xref: XAO:0000454
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008835 ! hepatic diverticulum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
property_value: homology_notes "the (liver) tubular structure (dual layered parenchyma) appears to be conserved among all embryonic vertebrates (...) it is not unlikely that all vertebrate livers share the same fundamental functional unit.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001281
name: hepatic sinusoid
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003275
def: "Wide thin-walled blood vessels in the liver. In mammals they have neither veinous or arterial markers." [Wikipedia:Hepatic_sinusoid, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hepatic sinusoids" RELATED []
synonym: "liver sinusoid" EXACT []
synonym: "liver sinusoidal blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sinusoid of liver" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel of liver" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas capillare sinusoideum" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000999
xref: EMAPA:17365
xref: FMA:17543
xref: MA:0000367
xref: SCTID:67435004
xref: TAO:0005091
xref: UMLS:C0227523
xref: VHOG:0000708
xref: ZFA:0005091
xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Sinusoid
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003497  ! abdomen blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0003909  ! sinusoid
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001113 ! lobe of liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006877 ! vasculature of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0003909  ! sinusoid
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the amphibian liver has characteristics in common with both fish and terrestrial vertebrates. (...) The histological structure of the liver is similar to that in other vertebrates, with hepatocytes arranged in clusters and cords separated by a meshwork of sinusoids and the presence of the traditional triad of portal venule, hepatic arteriole, and bile duct.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001282
name: intralobular bile duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The Canals of Hering, or intrahepatic bile ductules, are part of the outflow system of exocrine bile product from the liver." [Wikipedia:Canals_of_Hering]
comment: Editor notes: Note that this is part of the intrahepatic bile duct in MA, as this class is more alike the tree in FMA. Note also that SCT has canal of Hering and Entire IBduct as the only sibling terms under 'Structure of intralobular bile duct' (i.e. the CoH is the only part of the entire IBduct)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "canal of Hering" RELATED []
synonym: "canal of Herring" EXACT [FMA:17545]
synonym: "canals of Hering" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Canals_of_Hering]
synonym: "cholangiole" EXACT [FMA:17545]
synonym: "duct of Herring" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canals_of_Hering]
synonym: "intrahepatic bile ductule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canals_of_Hering]
xref: FMA:17545
xref: MA:0002669
xref: SCTID:227002
xref: SCTID:269922006
xref: UMLS:C0227517
xref: ncithesaurus:Canal_of_Hering
is_a: UBERON:0003704  ! intrahepatic bile duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001172 ! hepatic acinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001283
name: bile canaliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "Fine tubular canals running between liver cells, throughout the parenchyma, usually occurring singly between each adjacent pair of cells, and forming a three-dimensional network of polyhedral meshes, with a single cell in each mesh[BTO]. A thin tube that collects bile secreted by hepatocytes. The bile canaliculi merge and form bile ductules, which eventually become common hepatic duct. Hepatocytes are polyhedral in shape, therefore having no set shape or design. They have surfaces facing the sinusoids, (called sinusoidal faces) and surfaces which contact other hepatocytes, (called lateral faces). Bile canaliculi are formed by grooves on some of the lateral faces of these hepatocytes. Microvilli are present in the canaliculi but are sparse. [WP,unvetted]." [BTO:0002841, Wikipedia:Bile_canaliculus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bile canaliculi" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Bile_canaliculus]
synonym: "bile capillary" RELATED [BTO:0002841]
synonym: "biliary canaliculus" RELATED [BTO:0002841]
xref: BTO:0002841
xref: FMA:17547
xref: MA:0002495
xref: MESH:A03.159.183.158.125
xref: SCTID:270023005
xref: TAO:0005163
xref: UMLS:C0005393
xref: ZFA:0005163
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Gray1094.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Gray1094.png/200px-Gray1094.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bile_Canaliculus
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001172 ! hepatic acinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005452 ! hepatic lamina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001284
name: renal column
namespace: uberon
def: "The renal column (or Bertin column, or column of Bertin) is a medullary extension of the renal cortex in between the renal pyramids. It allows the cortex to be better anchored. Each column consists of lines of blood vessels and urinary tubes and a fibrous material. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_column]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "columnae renales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_column]
synonym: "kidney column" EXACT [MA:0001651]
synonym: "renal column of bertini" EXACT []
xref: FMA:17633
xref: MA:0001651
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney2.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002189 ! outer cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001285
name: nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "The basic functional unit of the kidney. its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are vital to life and are regulated by the endocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.[WP]" [PMID:9268568, Wikipedia:Nephron]
comment: Editor note: kidney terms require review for cross-vertebrate compatibility and developmental relationships. Taxon notes: In the avian kidney, three types of nephron are identified: mammalian-type nephrons with long and short loops of Henle, and reptilian type nephrons (Gambaryan, 1992)[GO Kidney]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mature nephron" NARROW [EMAPA:28491]
synonym: "nephroneum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nephron]
synonym: "tubulus renalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nephron]
xref: BTO:0000924
xref: EMAPA:28491
xref: EV:0100384
xref: FMA:17640
xref: GAID:428
xref: MA:0000375
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736
xref: SCTID:361337001
xref: TAO:0002153
xref: UMLS:C0027713
xref: ZFA:0005282
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nephron
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004208 ! nephrogenic mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007684 ! uriniferous tubule
property_value: external_definition "Functional unit of the kidney that filters waste.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001286
name: Bowman's space
namespace: uberon
def: "a narrow chalice-shaped cavity between the glomerular and capsular epithelium of the glomerular capsule of the kidney[TFD]. Between the visceral and parietal layers, into which the filtrate enters after passing through the podocytes' filtration slits[WP]. luminal region between the glomerular capsule visceral and parietal layers, into which filtrate enters after passing through the filtration barrier from the glomerular capillaries[MP]" [MP:0011499, Wikipedia:Bowman's_space, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bowman's+space]
comment: TODO - fix ZFA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bowman's space" EXACT []
synonym: "bowmanb%s space" RELATED [TAO:0005312]
synonym: "capsular space" EXACT [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bowman's+space]
synonym: "glomerular capsule space" EXACT [MP:0011499]
synonym: "glomerular urinary space" EXACT [MP:0011499]
synonym: "inter-glomerular space" EXACT [ZFA:0005283, ZFA:0005312]
synonym: "pronephric capsular space" EXACT [ZFA:0005312]
synonym: "renal capsular space" EXACT [ZFA:0005283]
synonym: "urinary space" EXACT []
synonym: "urinary space of renal corpuscle" EXACT [EMAPA:28263]
xref: EMAPA:27985
xref: EMAPA:28263
xref: FMA:17676
xref: MA:0001664
xref: SCTID:244284006
xref: TAO:0005283
xref: TAO:0005312
xref: UMLS:C0227643
xref: ZFA:0005283
xref: ZFA:0005312
xref: ncithesaurus:Urinary_Space
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule
property_value: external_definition "Space between the renal glomerulus and the glomerular capsule.  Renal filtrate collects here then passes into the renal tubule.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001287
name: proximal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The proximal tubule is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle[WP]" [Wikipedia:Proximal_convoluted_tubule]
comment: TODO - cleanly define difference between proximal tubule and proximal convoluted tubule. Make definition applicable across species.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "1st convoluted tubule" RELATED []
synonym: "PCT" RELATED []
synonym: "first convoluted tubule" RELATED []
synonym: "proximal convoluted renal tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "tubulus contortus proximalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Proximal_convoluted_tubule]
synonym: "tubulus convolutus proximalis" RELATED LATIN []
xref: EMAPA:28287
xref: EV:0100388
xref: FMA:17693
xref: MA:0001669
xref: SCTID:362220008
xref: TAO:0005290
xref: UMLS:C1514580
xref: ZFA:0005290
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Proximal_Convoluted_Tube
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004134  ! proximal tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006534  ! renal convoluted tubule
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
property_value: external_definition "Renal tubule that connects to the renal corpuscle.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001288
name: loop of Henle
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. The loop has a hairpin bend in the renal medulla. The main function of this structure is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney. By means of a countercurrent multiplier system, which utilizes sodium pumps, it creates an area of high sodium concentration deep in the medulla, near the collecting duct. Water present in the filtrate in the collecting duct flows through aquaporin channels out of the collecting duct, moving passively down its concentration gradient. This process reabsorbs water and creates a concentrated urine for excretion[WP]." [Wikipedia:Loop_of_Henle]
comment: Note that the definitions of some kidney parts refer to Henle's loop, even in species where this may not be present. Requires review.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Henle loop" EXACT []
synonym: "ansa nephroni" EXACT [Wikipedia:Loop_of_Henle]
synonym: "henle's loop" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004608
xref: EMAPA:29665
xref: EMAPA:29679
xref: EV:0100390
xref: FMA:17698
xref: GAID:437
xref: MA:0001675
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736.560.610
xref: SCTID:361335009
xref: UMLS:C0023986
xref: VHOG:0001270
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Loop_of_Henle
is_a: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule
property_value: external_definition "A highly specialized segment of the mammalian kidney tubules, that dips into the medulla. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, p.648, see_Liem_KF][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001289
name: descending limb of loop of Henle
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of the renal tubule constituting the first part of the loop of Henle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_henle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "descending limb" BROAD []
synonym: "descending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT []
synonym: "loop of Henle descending limb" EXACT []
xref: FMA:17705
xref: MA:0001679
xref: SCTID:245350001
xref: UMLS:C0227657
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Descending_Limb_of_the_Henle_s_Loop
is_a: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001290
name: proximal straight tubule
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005166
def: "part of the descending limb of the renal tubule, extending from the proximal convoluted tubule to the thin tubule[BTO]." [BTO:0000055, Wikipedia:Proximal_straight_tubule]
comment: TODO - is S3 exactly coincident with PST? Check also relationship to DL. todo - ensure relationships work across species (loop of Henle)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "S3" EXACT [GO:0072020]
synonym: "pars recta" RELATED []
synonym: "pars recta tubuli renalis" RELATED [BTO:0000055]
synonym: "proximal tubule segment 3" RELATED [MA:0002614]
synonym: "thick descending limb of proximal tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "tubulus rectus proximalis" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000055
xref: EMAPA:29661
xref: FMA:17716
xref: MA:0002614
xref: TAO:0005291
xref: ZFA:0005291
is_a: UBERON:0006853  ! renal cortex tubule
is_a: UBERON:0008404  ! proximale tubular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001289 ! descending limb of loop of Henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006542 ! outer medulla outer stripe loop of henle
property_value: external_definition "Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the proximal convoluted tubule.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001291
name: thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
namespace: uberon
def: "a segment of the nephron in the kidney. It can be divided into two parts: that in the renal medulla, and that in the renal cortex[Wikipedia:Thick_ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]." [Wikipedia:Thick_ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]
comment: TODO: thick/thin check. Also - does the loop of Henle overlap the distal convoluted tubule? FMA divides DCT into straight and convoluted portions
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ascending thick limb" EXACT []
synonym: "distal straight tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:0001677]
synonym: "straight portion of distal convoluted renal tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "straight portion of distal convoluted tubule" EXACT [FMA:17722]
synonym: "thick ascending limb" EXACT []
synonym: "thick ascending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT []
synonym: "thick ascending limb of distal tubule" EXACT [FMA:17722]
synonym: "tubulus rectus distalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:17722, Wikipedia:Thick_ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]
xref: EMAPA:28396
xref: EMAPA:29671
xref: FMA:17722
xref: MA:0001677
xref: SCTID:244953001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png
is_a: UBERON:0004135  ! distal tubule
is_a: UBERON:0008408  ! distal tubular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005164 ! ascending limb of loop of Henle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001292
name: distal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system." [Wikipedia:Distal_convoluted_tubule]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "distal convoluted renal tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "second convoluted tubule" RELATED []
synonym: "tubulus contortus distalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Distal_convoluted_tubule]
synonym: "tubulus convolutus distalis" RELATED LATIN []
xref: EMAPA:28393
xref: EV:0100389
xref: FMA:17721
xref: MA:0001666
xref: SCTID:361336005
xref: UMLS:C0022676
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Kidney_nephron.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Kidney_nephron.png/200px-Kidney_nephron.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Distal_Convoluted_Tubule
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004135  ! distal tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006534  ! renal convoluted tubule
is_a: UBERON:0006853  ! renal cortex tubule
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001293
name: outer medulla of kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "The renal outer medulla is the region of the kidney that lies between the renal cortex and the renal inner medulla[GO]." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
synonym: "kidney outer medulla" RELATED [BTO:0001746]
synonym: "outer renal medulla" EXACT []
synonym: "outer zone of medulla of kidney" EXACT []
synonym: "outer zone of renal medulla" EXACT []
synonym: "renal outer medulla" EXACT [BTO:0001746]
synonym: "set of outer region of renal pyramids" RELATED [FMA:17733]
synonym: "zona externa (medullaris renalis)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:17733, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0001746
xref: EMAPA:28310
xref: FMA:17733
xref: MA:0001653
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001298
name: psoas major muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The psoas major is a long fusiform muscle placed on the side of the lumbar region of the vertebral column and brim of the lesser pelvis. It joins the iliacus muscle to form the iliopsoas. In less than 50 per cent of subjects the psoas major is accompanied by the psoas minor. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Psoas_major_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "m. psoas major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Psoas_major_muscle]
synonym: "psoas major" EXACT [MA:0002358]
xref: BTO:0001877
xref: EMAPA:18169
xref: FMA:18060
xref: MA:0002358
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwU5ZfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244952006
xref: UMLS:C0224419
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Psoas_Major
is_a: UBERON:0008450  ! psoas muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002504 ! lesser trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0009624 ! lumbar nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001299
name: glans penis
namespace: uberon
def: "The glans penis (or simply glans) is the sensitive bulbous structure at the distal end of the penis. It is also commonly referred to as the 'head' of the penis. The glans penis is anatomically homologous to the clitoral glans of the female. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Glans_penis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "balanus" RELATED [BTO:0003118]
synonym: "coronal sulcus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Glans_penis]
synonym: "glans" BROAD [EV:0100108]
xref: BTO:0003118
xref: EMAPA:18988
xref: EV:0100108
xref: FMA:18247
xref: GAID:0000012
xref: MA:0002726
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdCpE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:263378009
xref: UMLS:C0227948
xref: VHOG:0001475
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Anteriorglanspenis.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Male_anatomy.png/200px-Male_anatomy.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Glans_Penis
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013239 ! future glans penis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis
property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0006653

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001301
name: epididymis
namespace: uberon
def: "A narrow, tightly-coiled tube connecting the efferent ducts from the rear of each testicle to its vas deferens." [Wikipedia:Epididymis]
comment: Taxon notes: A similar, but probably non-homologous, structure is found in cartilaginous fishes[WP]. Kardong has epididymis in elasmobranch.Structures notes: Typically divided into three main regions. In reptiles, there is an additional canal between the testis and the head of the epididymis, which receives the various efferent ducts. This is, however, absent in all birds and mammals. The epididymis is covered by a two layered pseudostratified epithelium. The epithelium is separated by a basement membrane from the connective tissue wall which has smooth muscle cells.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "epididymus" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000408
xref: EFO:0000982
xref: EMAPA:19290
xref: EV:0100103
xref: FMA:18255
xref: GAID:397
xref: MA:0000397
xref: MAT:0000130
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.849.286
xref: MIAA:0000130
xref: SCTID:181432000
xref: UMLS:C0014533
xref: VHOG:0001265
xref: galen:Epididymis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Illu_testis_surface.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_testis_surface.jpg/200px-Illu_testis_surface.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Epididymis
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005904  ! duct of male reproductive system
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0006946 ! efferent duct
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006947 ! male genital duct
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epididymal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001304
name: germinal epithelium of ovary
namespace: uberon
def: "layer of simple cuboidal cells covering surface of ovary[WP]." [PMID:16923182, Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(female), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Germinal_epithelium_%28female%29]
comment: Controversial - see article. Requires expert input. Also check BTO placement
synonym: "epithelium superficiale (ovarium)" EXACT []
synonym: "female coelomic epithelium" RELATED [EMAPA:17384]
synonym: "germinal epithelium (female)" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(female)]
synonym: "ovarian surface epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0004483]
synonym: "ovary germinal epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "surface epithelium of ovary" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004483
xref: EHDAA:8126
xref: EMAPA:27564
xref: FMA:18629
xref: MA:0001711
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001361
xref: SCTID:258308007
xref: UMLS:C0227875
xref: VHOG:0000630
xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Surface_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000484  ! simple cuboidal epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001307 ! capsule of ovary
intersection_of: UBERON:0000484  ! simple cuboidal epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001307 ! capsule of ovary

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001305
name: ovarian follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Ovarian follicles are the basic units of female reproductive biology, each of which is composed of roughly spherical aggregations of cells found in the ovary. They contain a single oocyte (aka ovum or egg). These structures are periodically initiated to grow and develop, culminating in ovulation of usually a single competent oocyte in humans. These eggs/ova are only developed once every menstrual cycle (e.g. once a month in humans)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ovarian_follicle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "egg follicle" RELATED []
synonym: "follicle of ovary" EXACT []
synonym: "follicle of ovary viewed macroscopically" EXACT [FMA:18640]
synonym: "folliculi ovarici primarii, folliculi ovarici vesiculosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ovarian_follicle]
synonym: "ovary follicle" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000475
xref: FMA:18640
xref: GAID:371
xref: MA:0001707
xref: MAT:0000449
xref: MESH:A05.360.319.114.630.535
xref: SCTID:361111009
xref: TAO:0001110
xref: UMLS:C0018120
xref: VHOG:0001536
xref: ZFA:0001110
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Human_ovarian_follicle.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Primary_follicle-4.JPG/200px-Primary_follicle-4.JPG
xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Follicle
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005296 ! ovary sex cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
property_value: external_definition "Oocyte development of zebrafish has been divided into five stages based on morphological criteria and on physiological and biochemical events. Stage I follicles (less than 140 microns) are primary growth stage, stage II follicles (140-340 microns) are cortical alveolus stage, stage III (340-690 microns) are vitellogenesis, stage IV (690-730 microns) are oocyte maturation, and stage V follicles are matured egg. Selman et al, 1993.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001306
name: cumulus oophorus
namespace: uberon
def: "At one part of the mature follicle, the cells of the membrana granulosa are collected into a mass which projects into the cavity of the follicle. This cluster of cells is termed the cumulus oophorus (Latin cumulus=heap, Greek oo=egg + phorus=carrying) discus proligerus, and it is released with the embedded oocyte during ovulation. In order for fertilization to occur this layer must be penetrated by the spermatocyte. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cumulus_oophorus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cumulus ovaricus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:18659
xref: MA:0002414
xref: SCTID:258586009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Gray1164.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray1164.png/200px-Gray1164.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005170 ! ovary stratum granulosum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001307
name: capsule of ovary
namespace: uberon
def: "A capsule that surrounds a female gonad." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "ovarian capsule" EXACT []
synonym: "ovary capsule" EXACT []
xref: FMA:18662
xref: MA:0001706
xref: SCTID:258491008
xref: UMLS:C0227877
xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001312
name: superior vesical artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior vesical artery supplies numerous branches to the upper part of the bladder. From one of these a slender vessel, the artery to the ductus deferens, takes origin and accompanies the duct in its course to the testis, where it anastomoses with the internal spermatic artery. Other branches supply the ureter. The first part of the superior vesical artery represents the terminal section of the previous portion of the umbilical artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_vesical_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria vesicalis superior" EXACT []
synonym: "arteriae vesicales superiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_vesical_artery]
xref: FMA:18839
xref: MA:0002080
xref: SCTID:113268007
xref: UMLS:C0226376
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Internal_iliac_branches.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Internal_iliac_branches.PNG/200px-Internal_iliac_branches.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Vesical_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
is_a: UBERON:0009027  ! vesical artery
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001313
name: iliolumbar artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The iliolumbar artery is a branch of the posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iliolumbar_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria iliolumbalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliolumbar_artery]
synonym: "ilio-lumbar artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:18845
xref: MA:0001976
xref: SCTID:113267002
xref: UMLS:C0226367
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Iliolumbar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001314
name: obturator artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The obturator artery passes antero-inferiorly (forwards and downwards) on the lateral wall of the pelvis, to the upper part of the obturator foramen, and, escaping from the pelvic cavity through the obturator canal, it divides into both an anterior and a posterior branch. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Obturator_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria obturatoria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_artery]
xref: FMA:18865
xref: MA:0002008
xref: SCTID:244302006
xref: UMLS:C0226369
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Gray547.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Gray547.png/200px-Gray547.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001315
name: superior gluteal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior gluteal artery (gluteal artery) is the largest branch of the internal iliac artery, and appears to be the continuation of the posterior division of that vessel. It is a short artery which runs backward between the lumbosacral trunk and the first sacral nerve, and, passing out of the pelvis above the upper border of the Piriformis, immediately divides into a superficial and a deep branch. Within the pelvis it gives off a few branches to the Iliacus, Piriformis, and Obturator internus, and just previous to quitting that cavity, a nutrient artery which enters the ilium. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_gluteal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria glutea superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_gluteal_artery]
synonym: "arteria glutealis superior" EXACT []
xref: FMA:18868
xref: MA:0002054
xref: SCTID:181354004
xref: UMLS:C0226371
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Gray1244.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray1244.png/200px-Gray1244.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gluteal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001015 ! musculature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001316
name: external iliac vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The external iliac veins are large veins that connect the femoral veins to the common iliac veins. Their origin is at the inferior margin of the inguinal ligaments and they terminate when they join the internal iliac veins (to form the common iliac veins). Both external iliac veins are accompanied along their course by external iliac arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:External_iliac_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vena iliaca externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_iliac_vein]
xref: EHDAA2:0000464
xref: FMA:18883
xref: MA:0002144
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQUYtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181400000
xref: UMLS:C0226761
xref: galen:ExternalIliacVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Iliac_veins.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Iliac_veins.gif/200px-Iliac_veins.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Iliac_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001317
name: internal iliac vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The internal iliac vein (hypogastric vein) begins near the upper part of the greater sciatic foramen, passes upward behind and slightly medial to the hypogastric artery and, at the brim of the pelvis, joins with the external iliac to form the common iliac vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_iliac_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "v. hypogastrica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_iliac_vein]
synonym: "v. iliaca interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_iliac_vein]
xref: EHDAA2:0000874
xref: FMA:18884
xref: MA:0002145
xref: SCTID:181399007
xref: UMLS:C0226764
xref: VHOG:0000749
xref: galen:InternalIliacVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Internaliliacv.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Internaliliacv.png/200px-Internaliliacv.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Iliac_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001318
name: inferior vesical vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:18890
xref: MA:0002264
is_a: UBERON:0002460  ! vesical vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 ! internal iliac vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001320
name: iliolumbar vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The iliolumbar vein is the vena comitans of the iliolumbar artery. The obturator nerve crosses superficial to it. A single vein is found more commonly than a double vein. It drains vertebral segments four and five. It is closely related to the ascending lumbar vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iliolumbar_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ilio-lumbar vein" EXACT []
synonym: "vena iliolumbalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliolumbar_vein]
xref: FMA:18902
xref: MA:0002146
xref: SCTID:286793006
xref: UMLS:C0226760
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Iliolumbar_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 ! internal iliac vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001321
name: obturator vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The obturator vein begins in the upper portion of the adductor region of the thigh and enters the pelvis through the upper part of the obturator foramen, in the obturator canal. It runs backward and upward on the lateral wall of the pelvis below the obturator artery, and then passes between the ureter and the hypogastric artery, to end in the hypogastric vein. It has an anterior and posterior branch (similar to obturator artery). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Obturator_veins]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:18914
xref: MA:0002183
xref: SCTID:20146009
xref: UMLS:C0226776
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 ! internal iliac vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001322
name: sciatic nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The sciatic nerve (also known as the ischiatic nerve) is a large nerve in humans and other animals. It begins in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the human body. The sciatic supplies nearly the whole of the skin of the leg, the muscles of the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot. In humans, it is derived from spinal nerves L4 through S3. It contains fibres from both the anterior and posterior divisions of the lumbosacral plexus. [WP,edited]." [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve]
comment: Taxon notes: mouse sciatic nerve origins predominantly from the third lumbar (L3) and L4 spinal nerves, unlike the L4 and L5 in rats - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700063/
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ischiadic nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve]
synonym: "ischiatic nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve]
synonym: "nervus ischiadicus" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001221, Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve]
synonym: "nervus sciaticus" RELATED [BTO:0001221]
xref: BTO:0001221
xref: EFO:0001417
xref: EHDAA2:0001779
xref: EHDAA:5659
xref: EMAPA:18577
xref: FMA:19034
xref: GAID:852
xref: MA:0001172
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.760
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1133
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7MlDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181050003
xref: UMLS:C0036394
xref: VHOG:0000894
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Gray1244.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray1244.png/200px-Gray1244.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sciatic_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000978 ! leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001815 ! lumbosacral nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001323
name: tibial nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve passes through the popliteal fossa to pass below the arch of soleus. In the popliteal fossa the nerve gives off branches to gastrocnemius, popliteus, soleus and plantaris muscles, an articular branch to the knee joint, and a cutaneous branch that will become the sural nerve. The sural nerve is joined by fibres from the common peroneal nerve and runs down the calf to supply the lateral side of the foot. Below the soleus muscle the nerve lies close to the tibia and supplies the tibialis posterior, the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus. The nerve passes into the foot running posterior to the medial malleolus. Here it is bound down by the flexor retinaculum in company with the posterior tibial artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tibial_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "medial popliteal nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "n. tibialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tibial_nerve]
xref: FMA:19035
xref: GAID:854
xref: MA:0001173
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.760.820
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNya8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181078002
xref: UMLS:C0040186
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Gray828.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gray828.png/200px-Gray828.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tibial_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003431  ! leg nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001324
name: common fibular nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "a nerve arising at the terminal division of the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa and extending to the neck of the fibula, ultimately innervating the Peroneus muscle[MP]. The common peroneal nerve (common fibular nerve; external popliteal nerve; peroneal nerve), about one-half the size of the tibial nerve, is derived from the dorsal branches of the fourth and fifth lumbar and the first and second sacral nerves. It descends obliquely along the lateral side of the popliteal fossa to the head of the fibula, close to the medial margin of the biceps femoris muscle. It lies between the tendon of the biceps femoris and lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle, winds around the neck of the fibula, between the peronC&us longus and the bone, and divides beneath the muscle into the superficial peroneal nerve (superficial fibular nerve) and deep peroneal nerve (deep fibular nerve). [WP,unvetted]." [MP:0011211, Wikipedia:Common_fibular_nerve]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "common peroneal nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "extrernal peroneal nerve" EXACT [MP:0011211]
synonym: "lateral popliteal nerve" EXACT [MP:0011211]
synonym: "n. fibularis communis, n. peroneus communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_fibular_nerve]
synonym: "nervus peroneus communis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19039, FMA:TA]
synonym: "peroneal nerve" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0003062
xref: FMA:19039
xref: GAID:853
xref: MA:0001169
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.760.640
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvwKexZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181077007
xref: UMLS:C0031173
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Gray832.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Peroneal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003431  ! leg nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001325
name: muscle of pelvis
namespace: uberon
def: "Muscle (organ) which is a part of the pelvis. Examples: levator ani," [FMA:19086]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "muscle organ of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic muscle" EXACT [FMA:19086]
synonym: "pelvis muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvis muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:19086
xref: MA:0000534
is_a: UBERON:0003833  ! abdominal segment muscle
is_a: UBERON:0005179  ! pelvis organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001326
name: levator ani muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Levator ani is a broad, thin muscle, situated on the side of the pelvis. It is attached to the inner surface of the side of the lesser pelvis, and unites with its fellow of the opposite side to form the greater part of the floor of the pelvic cavity. It supports the viscera in pelvic cavity, and surrounds the various structures which pass through it. In combination with the Coccygeus muscle, it forms the pelvic diaphragm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Levator_ani]
comment: Taxon notes: the levator ani muscle acts to lower the tail, in animals that have one
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "levator ani" EXACT [MA:0002332]
synonym: "musculus levator ani" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_ani]
xref: EMAPA:19165
xref: FMA:19087
xref: MA:0002332
xref: SCTID:181753008
xref: UMLS:C0224384
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray404.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray404.png/200px-Gray404.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Levator_Ani
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001327
name: coccygeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Coccygeus is a muscle of the pelvic wall (i.e. peripheral to the pelvic floor), situated behind the levator ani and in front of the sacrospinous ligament. It is a triangular plane of muscular and tendinous fibers, arising by its apex from the spine of the ischium and sacrospinous ligament, and inserted by its base into the margin of the coccyx and into the side of the lowest piece of the sacrum. It assists the Levator ani and Piriformis in closing in the back part of the outlet of the pelvis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Coccygeus_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "coccygeus" EXACT [MA:0002277]
synonym: "ischiococcygeus" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus coccygeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coccygeus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus ischiococcygeus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19088, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:19088
xref: MA:0002277
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray404.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray404.png/200px-Gray404.png
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009000 ! ischial spine
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0009625 ! sacral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001330
name: pampiniform plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The pampiniform plexus is a network of many small veins found in the human male spermatic cord. It is formed by the union of multiple spermatic veins from the back of the testis and tributaries from the epididymis. The veins of the plexus ascend along the cord in front of the ductus deferens. Below the subcutaneous inguinal ring they unite to form three or four veins, which pass along the inguinal canal, and, entering the abdomen through the abdominal inguinal ring, coalesce to form two veins. These again unite to form a single vein, the testicular vein, which opens on the right side into the inferior vena cava, at an acute angle, and on the left side into the left renal vein, at a right angle. The pampinoform plexus forms the chief mass of the cord. In addition to its function in venous return from the testes, the pampiniform plexus also plays a role in the temperature regulation of the testes. It acts as a heat exchanger, cooling blood in adjacent arteries. An abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform plexus is a medical condition called varicocele. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pampiniform_venous_plexus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pampiniform venous plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "plexus of veins of fascia of prostate" EXACT []
synonym: "plexus venosus  pampiniformis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19607, FMA:TA]
synonym: "venous plexus of fascia of prostate" EXACT []
synonym: "venous plexus of fascia of prostate gland" EXACT []
xref: FMA:19607
xref: MA:0001866
xref: SCTID:279661001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Gray1147.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray1147.png/200px-Gray1147.png
is_a: UBERON:0001593  ! venous plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001331
name: skin of penis
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a penis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "penile skin" EXACT [FMA:19638]
synonym: "penis skin" EXACT []
synonym: "penis zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:19638
xref: MA:0002727
xref: SCTID:35900000
is_a: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001085 ! skin of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001332
name: prepuce of penis
namespace: uberon
def: "In male human anatomy, the foreskin is a retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis and protects the urinary meatus when the penis is not erect. It is also described as the prepuce, a technically broader term that also includes the clitoral hood in women, to which the foreskin is embryonically homologous. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Foreskin]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "foreskin" RELATED [FMA:19639]
synonym: "penile prepuce" EXACT [FMA:19639]
synonym: "prepuce" BROAD [MA:0000407, Wikipedia:Foreskin]
synonym: "prepuce of male" EXACT [EMAPA:18989]
synonym: "prepucium, prCB&putium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foreskin]
synonym: "preputium" BROAD [HP:0100587]
xref: BTO:0001113
xref: EFO:0001664
xref: EMAPA:18989
xref: EV:0100109
xref: FMA:19639
xref: MA:0000407
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181426005
xref: UMLS:C0227952
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Foreskin_CloseupV2.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cc/Foreskin2.jpg/200px-Foreskin2.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Prepuce
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011374  ! prepuce
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001299 ! glans penis
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 ! urogenital ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001333
name: male urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the urethra (from Greek N?a=ON.N8ON1 - ourethra) is a tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. The urethra has an excretory function in both sexes to pass urine to the outside, and also a reproductive function in the male, as a passage for semen. The external urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Male_urethra]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0004089
xref: EMAPA:18692
xref: FMA:19668
xref: MA:0002640
xref: SCTID:264085007
xref: UMLS:C0458452
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Urethra
is_a: UBERON:0000057  ! urethra
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013241 ! embryonic urethral groove
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000057  ! urethra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001334
name: female urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the urethra (from Greek N?a=ON.N8ON1 - ourethra) is a tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. The urethra has an excretory function in both sexes to pass urine to the outside, and also a reproductive function in the male, as a passage for semen. The external urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Female_urethra]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0004088
xref: EMAPA:28747
xref: FMA:19669
xref: MA:0002637
xref: SCTID:264469008
xref: UMLS:C0458485
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Female_Urethra
is_a: UBERON:0000057  ! urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000057  ! urethra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001336
name: membranous urethra of male or female
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: MA class sex-neutral
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intermediate part of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "intermediate urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "membranous part of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "membranous urethra" EXACT INCONSISTENT [MA:0002647]
synonym: "pars intermedia urethrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19674, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT []
xref: MA:0002647
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001337
name: spongiose part of urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "The spongy urethra (cavernous portion of urethra, penile urethra) is the longest part of the male urethra, and is contained in the corpus spongiosum urethraeC&. It is about 15 cm long, and extends from the termination of the membranous portion to the external urethral orifice. Commencing below the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm it passes forward and upward to the front of the symphysis pubis; and then, in the flaccid condition of the penis, it bends downward and forward. It is narrow, and of uniform size in the body of the penis, measuring about 6 mm in diameter; it is dilated behind, within the bulb, and again anteriorly within the glans penis, where it forms the fossa navicularis urethrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Penile_urethra]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cavernous portion of male urethra" EXACT [MP:0011779]
synonym: "male spongiose urethra" EXACT [MP:0011779]
synonym: "male spongy urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "pars cavernosa urethrae" EXACT [MP:0011779]
synonym: "pars spongiosa" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19675, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars spongiosa urethrae masculinae" EXACT [MP:0011779]
synonym: "penile urethra" EXACT [MP:0011779]
synonym: "spongiose urethra" EXACT [MP:0011779]
synonym: "spongy urethra (male)" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:30944
xref: FMA:19675
xref: MA:0002643
xref: SCTID:263341006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray1142.png/200px-Gray1142.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray1142.png/250px-Gray1142.png
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001339
name: ischiocavernosus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The ischiocavernosus muscle is a muscle just below the surface of the perineum, present in both men and women. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "erector penis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle]
synonym: "ischiocavernosi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle]
synonym: "ischiocavernosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle]
synonym: "ischiocavernous muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle]
synonym: "ishiocavernosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle]
synonym: "ishiocavernosus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus ishiocavernosus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle]
xref: FMA:19730
xref: MA:0002330
xref: SCTID:244975004
xref: UMLS:C0224401
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ischiocavernosus-female.png/200px-Ischiocavernosus-female.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ischiocavernosus
is_a: UBERON:0002379  ! perineal muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001274 ! ischium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001341
name: lesser sac
namespace: uberon
def: "The lesser sac, also known as the omental bursa, is the cavity in the abdomen that is formed by the lesser and greater omentum. Usually found in mammals, it is connected with the greater sac via the epiploic foramen (also known as the Foramen of Winslow). In mammals, it is not uncommon for the lesser sac to contain considerable amounts of fat. In human anatomy, the wall of the stomach, pancreas and splenic artery are a part of the wall of the lesser sac. If these structures rupture they may leak into the lesser sac. For the stomach, which lies anterior to the omental bursa, the rupture must be on the posterior side; if it were anteriorly located, the leak would collect in the greater sac. The lesser sac is embryologically formed from an infolding of the greater omentum. The open end of the infolding, known as the epiploic foramen, is usually proximal to the stomach. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lesser_sac]
comment: AO notes: classified as a cavity in EHDAA2, so this truly corresponds to FMA 'Cavity of lesser sac' - we hedge for now; todo - treat same as greater sac
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bursa omentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19800, FMA:TA]
synonym: "omental bursa" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001296
xref: EHDAA2:0004554
xref: EHDAA:2335
xref: EMAPA:16889
xref: EMAPA:18458
xref: FMA:19800
xref: MA:0000445
xref: UMLS:C0230212
xref: VHOG:0000458
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Peritoneum.svg/200px-Peritoneum.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Omental_Bursa
is_a: UBERON:0004458  ! body cavity or lining
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum
property_value: external_definition "The lesser sac of the peritoneum. Part of the peritoneal cavity behind the liver, lesser omentum and stomach. It lies across the transverse mesocolon and extends into the greater omentum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001342
name: mesovarium
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesentery that suspends the ovary from the dorsal wall of the coelom[VHOG]." [VHOG:0001566, Wikipedia:Mesovarium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mesovarian ligament" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010531
xref: EMAPA:17961
xref: FMA:19815
xref: SCTID:279914000
xref: TAO:0000333
xref: UMLS:C0230310
xref: VHOG:0001566
xref: ZFA:0000333
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Gray1111.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Gray1111.png/200px-Gray1111.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesovarian_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012332 ! broad ligament of uterus
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of a membrane which suspends the ovaries from the mesial side of the kidney.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The mesentery that suspends the ovary from the dorsal wall of the coelom. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.560, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001343
name: seminiferous tubule of testis
namespace: uberon
def: "Seminiferous tubules are located in the testicles, and are the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of gametes, namely spermatozoa. The epithelium of the tubule consists of sustentacular or Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule. In between the Sertoli cells are spermatogenic cells, which differentiate through meiosis to sperm cells. There are two types: convoluted and straight. convuluted towards the lateral side and straight as the tubule comes medially to form ducts which will exit the testis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Seminiferous_tubule]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "seminiferous cord" EXACT [EMAPA:18685]
synonym: "seminiferous tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "testis - seminiferous tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "tubuli seminiferi" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Seminiferous_tubule]
xref: AAO:0010399
xref: BTO:0001235
xref: EFO:0001404
xref: EMAPA:18685
xref: EMAPA:31476
xref: EV:0100380
xref: FMA:19825
xref: GAID:400
xref: MA:0000412
xref: MAT:0000503
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.849.700
xref: SCTID:279614002
xref: UMLS:C0036630
xref: UMLS:C1519236
xref: VHOG:0001363
xref: XAO:0003088
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Seminiferous_tubule_and_sperm_low_mag.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Gray1145.png/200px-Gray1145.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Seminiferous_Cord
xref: ncithesaurus:Seminiferous_Tubule
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005904  ! duct of male reproductive system
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0003959 ! rete testis
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005297 ! testis sex cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis
property_value: external_definition "Any of the coiled tubules located in the testes in which spermatozoa are produced.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of two or three twisted curved tubules in each lobule of the testis in which spermatogenesis occurs. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Frogs among amphibians and the amniotes have males with testes that are composed of seminiferous tubules, which differ from ampullae in being long, highly convoluted ductules.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001345
name: obsolete fornix
namespace: uberon
def: "This class was obsoleted." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_fornix_of_brain]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0000051  ! fornix of vagina
consider: UBERON:0000052  ! fornix of brain
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001346
name: vaginal hymen
namespace: uberon
def: "The hymen, or the vaginal corona, is a fold of mucous membrane that surrounds or partially covers the external vaginal opening. It forms part of the vulva, or external genitalia[WP]." [Wikipedia:Hymen]
synonym: "hymen" BROAD [MESH:A05.360.319.779.479]
synonym: "hymen of vagina" EXACT [FMA:20005]
synonym: "hymen vaginae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Hymen]
synonym: "vaginal corona" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hymen]
xref: FMA:20005
xref: MA:0002465
xref: MESH:A05.360.319.779.479
xref: SCTID:245473005
xref: UMLS:C0020412
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray1229.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hymen
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001347
name: white adipose tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Adipose tissue, cells of which contain a single large lipid droplet.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:White_adipose_tissue]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "adipocytus unigutturalis" EXACT []
synonym: "textus adiposus albus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:White_adipose_tissue]
synonym: "unilocular adipose tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "white fat" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001456
xref: EFO:0000813
xref: FMA:20117
xref: MA:0000058
xref: MAT:0000199
xref: MIAA:0000199
xref: UMLS:C1704223
xref: ncithesaurus:White_Adipose_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001348
name: brown adipose tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Adipose tissue, cells of which contain multiple small lipid droplets.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Brown_adipose_tissue]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "adipocytus multigutturalis" EXACT []
synonym: "brown fat" EXACT []
synonym: "multilocular adipose tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "textus adiposus fuscus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brown_adipose_tissue]
xref: BTO:0000156
xref: EFO:0000812
xref: EMAPA:19209
xref: FMA:20118
xref: GAID:921
xref: MA:0000057
xref: MAT:0000198
xref: MESH:A10.165.114.322
xref: MIAA:0000198
xref: SCTID:15965003
xref: UMLS:C0006298
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Brownfat_PETCT.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Brown_Adipose_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001349
name: vestibule
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cavity that connects an organ cavity, organ cavity subdivision or cavity of body part subdivision to the exterior, completely or partially surrounded by organs or organ parts that are lined by epithelium. Examples: preputial cavity, vestibule of vagina.[FMA]" [FMA:20192, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Vestibule_(disambiguation)#Anatomy]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:20192
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005236  ! osseus labyrinth vestibule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001350
name: coccyx
namespace: uberon
def: "A collection of caudal vertebrae in the coccygeal region - may be fused[cjm]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Coccyx]
comment: In MA the subclass hierarchy is cocc V is_a caud V is_a tail bone. Taxon notes: In humans: The coccyx, commonly referred to as the tailbone, is the final segment of the human vertebral column. Comprising three to five separate or fused vertebrae (the coccygeal vertebrae) below the sacrum, it is attached to the sacrum by a fibrocartilaginous joint, the sacrococcygeal symphysis, which permits limited movement between the sacrum and the coccyx. The term coccyx comes originally from the Greek language and means 'cuckoo', referring to the curved shape of a cuckoo's beak when viewed from the side. [WP,unvetted].
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "coccygeal skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000259]
synonym: "coccygeal vertebrae I-IV" EXACT [FMA:20229]
synonym: "coccyx [coccygeal vertebrae i-iv]" EXACT [FMA:20229]
synonym: "coccyx [vertebrae coccygeae i-iv]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20229, FMA:TA]
synonym: "os coccygis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20229, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Coccyx]
synonym: "tailbone" RELATED SENSU [FMA:20229]
xref: AAO:0000731
xref: EHDAA2:0000259
xref: FMA:20229
xref: GAID:239
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834.229
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv1XqHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182028002
xref: UMLS:C0009194
xref: galen:Coccyx
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray100.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Gray100.png/200px-Gray100.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Coccyx
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0006070 ! coccygeal vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001270 ! bony pelvis
property_value: external_definition "Small, bony element consisting of several fused, rudimentary caudal vertebrae; near metamorphosis the hypochord fuses to the coccyx, thereby forming the urostyle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "coccygeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001351
name: lacrimal sac
namespace: uberon
def: "The lacrimal sac is the upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct, and is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla. It connects the lacrimal canaliculi, which drain tears from the eye's surface, and the nasolacrimal duct, which conveys this fluid into the nasal cavity. This is mainly for high amounts of tears, in which the lacrimal sac pumps inward and outward driven by the orbicularis muscle during blinking. It is oval in form and measures from 12 to 15 mm. in length; its upper end is closed and rounded; its lower is continued into the nasolacrimal duct. Its superficial surface is covered by a fibrous expansion derived from the medial palpebral ligament, and its deep surface is crossed by the lacrimal part of the Orbicularis oculi, which is attached to the crest on the lacrimal bone. Like the nasolacrimal duct, the sac is lined by stratified columnar epithelium with mucus-secreting goblet cells, with surrounding connective tissue. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_sac]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "saccus lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_sac]
xref: FMA:20289
xref: MA:0001298
xref: SCTID:362534009
xref: UMLS:C0229289
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray896.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Sac
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001850 ! lacrimal duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001352
name: external acoustic meatus
namespace: uberon
def: "A tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The human ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum and is about 26 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter." [Wikipedia:External_acoustic_meatus]
comment: AO notes: subdivision of head in FMA. Editor note: consider revisiting superclass after refinement of CARO/EAO, conduit may not be quite correct. Development notes: tympanic ring, which serves as support for the tympanic membrane, directs invagination of the first pharingeal cleft ectoderm to form the external acoustic meatus (EAM), which provides the outer layer of the membrane[PMID 11237469]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "auditory canal" EXACT []
synonym: "auditory meatus" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000460]
synonym: "ear canal" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ear_canal]
synonym: "external acoustic tube" EXACT [FMA:61734]
synonym: "external auditory canal" EXACT []
synonym: "external auditory meatus" RELATED []
synonym: "external auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:61734]
xref: EHDAA2:0000460
xref: EHDAA:8975
xref: EMAPA:17588
xref: EV:0100356
xref: FMA:61734
xref: GAID:864
xref: MA:0000260
xref: MESH:A09.246.272.396
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvli-nZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181178004
xref: UMLS:C0013444
xref: VHOG:0000977
xref: galen:ExternalAuditoryMeatus
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Acoustic_Meatus
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005872 ! 1st arch pharyngeal cleft
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0010065 ! auditory meatus epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001353
name: anal region
namespace: uberon
def: "The anus and surrounding regions. Encompasses both internal and external regions, where present" [UBERON:cjm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EFO:0000847
xref: EHDAA2:0000122
xref: EHDAA:2931
xref: EMAPA:16831
xref: MA:0000329
xref: MAT:0000042
xref: MIAA:0000042
xref: SCTID:362680001
xref: UMLS:C0230120
xref: VHOG:0000395
xref: WBbt:0006919
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gray408.png/200px-Gray408.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Region
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000931 ! proctodeum
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0006866 ! terminal part of digestive tract
property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001355
name: deep femoral artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The profunda femoris artery (also known as the deep femoral artery, or the deep artery of the thigh) is a branch of the femoral artery that, as its name suggests, travels more deeply (posteriorly) than the rest of the femoral artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Deep_femoral_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria profunda femoris" EXACT []
synonym: "profunda femoris artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:20741
xref: MA:0002027
xref: SCTID:181348000
xref: UMLS:C0226455
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray548.png/200px-Gray548.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Femoral_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001356
name: medial circumflex femoral artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial circumflex femoral artery (internal circumflex artery, medial femoral circumflex artery) is an artery in the upper thigh that helps supply blood to the neck of the femur. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_circumflex_femoral_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria circumflexa femoris medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_circumflex_femoral_artery]
synonym: "medial femoral circumflex artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:20799
xref: MA:0001996
xref: SCTID:244326008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Circumflex_femoral_arteries.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Circumflex_femoral_arteries.png/200px-Circumflex_femoral_arteries.png
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001357
name: inferior rectal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior rectal artery (inferior hemorrhoidal artery) is an artery that supplies blood to the lower half of the anal canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_rectal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria rectalis inferior, arteria hCB&morrhoidalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_rectal_artery]
synonym: "inferior hemorrhoidal artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:20824
xref: MA:0001979
xref: SCTID:244304007
xref: UMLS:C0226393
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gray542.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gray542.png/200px-Gray542.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Rectal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001278  ! epithelium of large intestine
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003835  ! abdominal segment blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0006867 ! anal part of perineum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001359
name: cerebrospinal fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "a clear, colorless, bodily fluid, that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Cerebrospinal_fluid]
comment: AO notes: the FMA def states that this is subarachnoid spaces only. ZFA def states subarachnoid spaces and brain ventricles, but not SC (and has part_of to brain). Circulation: It circulates from the lateral ventricles to the foramen of Monro (Interventricular foramen), third ventricle, aqueduct of Sylvius (Cerebral aqueduct), fourth ventricle, foramen of Magendie (Median aperture) and foramina of Luschka (Lateral apertures), subarachnoid space over brain and spinal cord. It should be noted that the CSF moves in a pulsatile manner throughout the CSF system with nearly zero net flow. CSF is reabsorbed into venous sinus blood via arachnoid granulations.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CSF" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebral spinal fluid" EXACT [ZFA:0001626]
synonym: "liquor cerebrospinalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cerebrospinal_fluid]
synonym: "spinal fluid" RELATED [BTO:0000237]
xref: BTO:0000237
xref: EFO:0000329
xref: EHDAA2:0004441
xref: ENVO:02000029
xref: EV:0100311
xref: FMA:20935
xref: GAID:1181
xref: MA:0002503
xref: MAT:0000499
xref: MESH:A12.207.268
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1798
xref: TAO:0002184
xref: UMLS:C0007806
xref: VHOG:0001278
xref: ZFA:0001626
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebrospinal_Fluid
is_a: UBERON:0007779  ! transudate
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002307 ! choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
relationship: located_in UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In vertebrates, at early stages of Central Nervous System (CNS) development, the architecture of the brain primordium reveals the presence of the cavity of brain vesicles, which is filled by Embryonic Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (E-CSF). (...) Rat and chick E-CSF proteomes are similar, although rat is more complex in certain groups of proteins, e.g., apolipoproteins, which may be involved in the control of neural diversity, and has soluble enzymes present, just like adult human CSF, but unlike chick E-CSF, revealing phylogenetic brain differences between these groups of vertebrates.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001360
name: deep circumflex iliac vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The deep circumflex iliac vein is formed by the union of the venC& comitantes of the deep iliac circumflex artery, and joins the external iliac vein about 2 cm. above the inguinal ligament. It also receives small tributary branches from the thoracoepigastric vein [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Deep_circumflex_iliac_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "deep iliac circumflex vein" EXACT []
synonym: "vena circumflexa iliaca profunda" EXACT []
synonym: "vena circumflexa ilium profunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_circumflex_iliac_vein]
xref: FMA:21182
xref: MA:0002099
xref: SCTID:11653007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001361
name: femoral vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In the human body, the femoral vein is a blood vessel that accompanies the femoral artery in the femoral sheath. It begins at the adductor canal (also known as Hunter's canal) and is a continuation of the popliteal vein. It ends at the inferior margin of the inguinal ligament, where it becomes the external iliac vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Femoral_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vena femoralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femoral_vein]
xref: AAO:0010237
xref: EMAPA:17876
xref: FMA:21185
xref: GAID:533
xref: MA:0002118
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.314
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwFXTLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362071002
xref: UMLS:C0015809
xref: galen:FemoralVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Femoral_triangle.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Femoral_triangle.gif/200px-Femoral_triangle.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision
property_value: external_definition "Either of the primary veins in the hindlimbs which collect blood from the hindlimb region.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001362
name: perineal vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:21246
xref: MA:0002193
xref: SCTID:312507009
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 ! internal iliac vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001363
name: great saphenous vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The great saphenous vein (GSV), also greater saphenous vein, is the large (subcutaneous) superficial vein of the leg and thigh. The terms 'safaina' (Greek) and 'el safin' (Arabic) have both been claimed as the origin for the word 'saphenous'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Great_saphenous_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "greater saphenous vein" EXACT []
synonym: "large saphenous vein" RELATED [BTO:0003271]
synonym: "long saphenous vein" RELATED []
synonym: "vena saphena magna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Great_saphenous_vein]
xref: BTO:0003271
xref: FMA:21376
xref: MA:0002216
xref: SCTID:181402008
xref: UMLS:C0392907
xref: galen:GreatSaphenousVein
xref: galen:GreaterSaphenousVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Great_saphenous_vein.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Long_Saphenous_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0007318  ! saphenous vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 ! femoral vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001364
name: obsolete circumpennate
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "radial" EXACT []
synonym: "radialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:21431, FMA:TA]
synonym: "radials" RELATED []
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjBSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001365
name: sacro-iliac joint
namespace: uberon
def: "the joint in the bony pelvis between the sacrum and the ilium of the pelvis, which are joined by strong ligaments. In humans, the sacrum supports the spine and is supported in turn by an ilium on each side." [Wikipedia:Sacroiliac_joint]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio sacro-iliaca" EXACT []
synonym: "sacroiliac joint" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:19300
xref: FMA:21440
xref: GAID:268
xref: MA:0001506
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.707
xref: SCTID:182199004
xref: UMLS:C0036036
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray319.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sacroiliac_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0011107  ! synovial joint of pelvic girdle
relationship: connects UBERON:0001273 ! ilium
relationship: connects UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001273 ! ilium
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001366
name: parietal peritoneum
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004459
def: "The peritoneum that lines the walls of the peritoneal cavity." [Wikipedia:Parietal_peritoneum, ZFIN:curator]
comment: fix coordinated with ZFA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "peritoneal cavity lining" EXACT [MA:0000449]
xref: AAO:0010816
xref: FMA:21451
xref: MA:0000449
xref: SCTID:362700006
xref: TAO:0005131
xref: VHOG:0001527
xref: ZFA:0005131
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1040.png/200px-Gray1040.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity
property_value: external_definition "Peritoneum attached to the abdominal wall.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001367
name: external anal sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sphincter ani externus (external anal sphincter) is a flat plane of muscular fibers, elliptical in shape and intimately adherent to the integument surrounding the margin of the anus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sphincter_ani_externus_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "external sphincter ani" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus sphincter ani externus" EXACT []
synonym: "sphincter ani externus" RELATED LATIN []
xref: EMAPA:18265
xref: FMA:21930
xref: MA:0001531
xref: SCTID:244969008
xref: UMLS:C0224395
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Anorectum.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Anorectum.gif/200px-Anorectum.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Anal_Sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0003898  ! skeletal muscle of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0004832  ! anal region skeletal muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006867 ! anal part of perineum
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001245 ! anus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001368
name: obturator externus
namespace: uberon
def: "An adductor muscle that attaches to the femur and the pelvis. In humans, the obturator externus muscle is a flat, triangular muscle, which covers the outer surface of the anterior wall of the pelvis. It is sometimes considered part of the medial compartment of thigh, and sometimes considered part of the gluteal region. [WP,generalized]." [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle]
comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - \"Originates on the ventro-lateral pelvic rim and inserts on the ventral aspect of the femur, medial to the insertion of the pectineus.\" [AAO:0010043]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "M. obturator externus" EXACT [AAO:0010043]
synonym: "external obturator" EXACT [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle]
synonym: "external obturatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle]
synonym: "externus obturator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus obturatorius externus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle]
synonym: "obturator externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle]
synonym: "obturatorius externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle]
synonym: "obturatus externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle]
xref: AAO:0010043
xref: FMA:22299
xref: MA:0002347
xref: SCTID:245026009
xref: UMLS:C1518528
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG/200px-Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Externus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011043  ! obturator muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011144  ! adductor muscle of hip
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002503 ! greater trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006803 ! obturator foramen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle
property_value: external_definition "Originates on the ventro-lateral pelvic rim and inserts on the ventral aspect of the femur, medial to the insertion of the pectineus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001369
name: iliacus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The iliacus is a flat, triangular muscle, which fills the iliac fossa. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iliacus_muscle]
comment: AAO has iliacus major and minor, both of which attach to ilium and femur - consider grouping these somehow
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior muscle of pelvic girdle" EXACT []
synonym: "iliacus" EXACT [MA:0002318]
synonym: "iliacus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliacus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus iliacus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliacus_muscle]
xref: EMAPA:19164
xref: FMA:22310
xref: MA:0002318
xref: SCTID:244956009
xref: UMLS:C0224418
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Iliacus
is_a: UBERON:0001497  ! muscle of pelvic girdle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001370 ! gluteus maximus
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002504 ! lesser trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0011015 ! iliac fossa
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001370
name: gluteus maximus
namespace: uberon
def: "The gluteus maximus is the largest and most superficial of the three gluteal muscles. In humans, it makes up a large portion of the shape and appearance of the buttocks. It is a broad and thick fleshy mass of a quadrilateral shape, and forms the prominence of the nates. Its large size is one of the most characteristic features of the muscular system in humans, connected as it is with the power of maintaining the trunk in the erect posture. The muscle is remarkably coarse in structure, being made up of fasciculi lying parallel with one another and collected together into large bundles separated by fibrous septa. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gluteus_maximus_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "glutC&us maximus" EXACT []
synonym: "glutaeus maximus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_maximus_muscle]
synonym: "gluteus maximus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gluteus_maximus_muscle]
synonym: "gluteus superficialis" RELATED []
synonym: "m.gluteus maximus" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus gluteus maximus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gluteus_maximus_muscle]
xref: EMAPA:18527
xref: FMA:22314
xref: MA:0002309
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjdMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181674001
xref: UMLS:C0224424
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG/200px-Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Gluteus_Maximus
is_a: UBERON:0002000  ! gluteal muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001298 ! psoas major muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001369 ! iliacus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001372 ! psoas minor muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 ! ilium
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001371
name: gluteus medius
namespace: uberon
def: "The gluteus medius (or glutC&us medius), one of the three gluteal muscles, is a broad, thick, radiating muscle, situated on the outer surface of the pelvis. Its posterior third is covered by the gluteus maximus, its anterior two-thirds by the gluteal aponeurosis, which separates it from the superficial fascia and integument. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gluteus_medius_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gluteus medius muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_medius_muscle]
synonym: "musculus gluteus medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gluteus_medius_muscle]
xref: EMAPA:19163
xref: FMA:22315
xref: MA:0002310
xref: SCTID:181675000
xref: UMLS:C0224425
xref: galen:GluteusMedius
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG/200px-Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Gluteus_Medius
is_a: UBERON:0002000  ! gluteal muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002503 ! greater trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002503 ! greater trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 ! ilium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001372
name: psoas minor muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The psoas minor is a long, slender skeletal muscle that, when present, is placed in front of the psoas major muscle.  [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Psoas_minor_muscle]
comment: Human variation notes: It is absent in 40% of individuals.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "m. psoas minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Psoas_minor_muscle]
synonym: "psoas minor" EXACT [MA:0002359]
xref: BTO:0001878
xref: EMAPA:18170
xref: FMA:22350
xref: MA:0002359
xref: SCTID:244954007
xref: UMLS:C0224420
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Gray430.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Gray430.png/200px-Gray430.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Psoas_Minor
is_a: UBERON:0008450  ! psoas muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001275 ! pubis
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001373
name: sartorius muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sartorius muscle b the longest muscle in the human body b is a long thin muscle that runs down the length of the thigh. Its upper portion forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle." [Wikipedia:Sartorius_muscle]
comment: Taxon notes (via VHOG): \"The ambiens of reptiles and the iliotibialis of amphibians are likely homologues of the sartorius.\" Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution, Fourth Edition (2006) McGraw-Hill, p.391 [VHOG:0001192]. No iliotibialis in AAO - M. sartorius has def: \"Originates on the ventral pelvic rim, the pubic region, and the ventral surface of the adductor longus. The insertion bifurcates distally; the ventral portion attaches to the aponeurosis of the cruralis and the dorsal part attaches to the distal attachment of the gracilis major, the semitendinosus, and to the aponeurosis of the cruralis.\" [AAO:0010027]. We do NOT group this AAO class here at this stage until further evidence of shared attachments
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "M. sartorius" RELATED []
synonym: "musculus sartorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sartorius_muscle]
synonym: "sartorius" EXACT [MA:0002368]
xref: BTO:0001215
xref: EHDAA2:0001776
xref: EHDAA:10583
xref: FMA:22353
xref: MA:0002368
xref: SCTID:181683006
xref: UMLS:C0224434
xref: VHOG:0001192
xref: galen:Sartorius
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Sartorius.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sartorius_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0008977 ! pes anserinus of tibia
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve
property_value: homology_notes "The ambiens of reptiles and the iliotibialis of amphibians are likely homologues of the sartorius.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001374
name: biceps femoris
namespace: uberon
def: "The biceps femoris is a muscle of the posterior (the back) thigh. As its name implies, it has two parts, one of which (the long head) forms part of the hamstrings muscle group. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Biceps_femoris_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "biceps femoris muscle" EXACT [BTO:0003418]
synonym: "musculus biceps femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Biceps_femoris_muscle]
xref: BTO:0003418
xref: EFO:0001418
xref: FMA:22356
xref: MA:0002270
xref: SCTID:181672002
xref: UMLS:C0224449
xref: galen:BicepsFemoris
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG/200px-Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Biceps_Femoris
is_a: UBERON:0004252  ! hindlimb stylopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0008775 ! proximal epiphysis of fibula
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0009989 ! condyle of tibia
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001323 ! tibial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001375
name: semitendinosus
namespace: uberon
def: "The semitendinosus is a muscle in the back of the thigh; it is one of the hamstrings. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semitendinosus_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus semitendinosus" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001236, Wikipedia:Semitendinosus_muscle]
synonym: "semitendinosus muscle" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001236
xref: FMA:22357
xref: MA:0002375
xref: SCTID:181685004
xref: UMLS:C0224453
xref: galen:Semitendinosus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Semitendinosus_muscle.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Semitendinosus_muscle.PNG/200px-Semitendinosus_muscle.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Semitendinosus
is_a: UBERON:0003663  ! hindlimb muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0008977 ! pes anserinus of tibia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001376
name: tensor fasciae latae muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The tensor fasciae latae or tensor fasciC& latC& is a muscle of the thigh. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tensor_fasciae_latae_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus tensor fasciae latae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22423, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Tensor_fasciae_latae_muscle]
synonym: "tensor fasciae lata" EXACT [MA:0002391]
synonym: "tensor fasciae lata muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "tensor fasciae latae" EXACT [FMA:22423]
synonym: "tensor of fascia lata" EXACT []
xref: FMA:22423
xref: MA:0002391
xref: SCTID:181671009
xref: UMLS:C1384497
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Anatomical_dissection5.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Tensor_Fasciae_Lata
is_a: UBERON:0002000  ! gluteal muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010746 ! iliac blade

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001377
name: quadriceps femoris
namespace: uberon
def: "The quadriceps femoris, also called simply the quadriceps, quadriceps extensor, quads, is a large muscle group that includes the four prevailing muscles on the front of the thigh. It is the great extensor muscle of the knee, forming a large fleshy mass which covers the front and sides of the femur. It is the strongest and leanest muscle in the human body. It is subdivided into four separate portions or 'heads', which have received distinctive names: Rectus femoris occupies the middle of the thigh, covering most of the other three quadriceps muscles. It originates on the ilium. It is named from its straight course. The other three lie deep to rectus femoris and originate from the body of the femur, which they cover from the trochanters to the condyles: Vastus lateralis is on the lateral side of the femur (i.e. on the outer side of the thigh). Vastus medialis is on the medial side of the femur (i.e. on the inner part thigh). Vastus intermedius lies between vastus lateralis and vastus medialis on the front of the femur (i.e. on the top or front of the thigh). All four parts of the quadriceps muscle attach to the patella (knee cap) via the quadriceps tendon. The quadriceps is also involved in Lombard's Paradox. The proper plural form of the adjective quadriceps is quadricipes, a form not in general use; instead, quadriceps is used in both singular and plural (i.e. , when referring to both legs). The form quadricep &#91;sic&#93;, though common even in professional contexts, is incorrect. The error may derive from a mistaken belief that quadriceps is a plural noun (rather than an adjective in the singular), since English typically forms its plurals with the addition of the letter s to the end of a word stem. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Quadriceps_femoris_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus quadriceps femoris" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001149, Wikipedia:Quadriceps_femoris_muscle]
synonym: "quadricep muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001149]
synonym: "quadriceps" EXACT []
synonym: "quadriceps femoris muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "quadriceps muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001149]
synonym: "quadriceps muscle of the thigh" RELATED [BTO:0001149]
synonym: "quadriceps muscle of thigh" RELATED [BTO:0001149]
xref: BTO:0001149
xref: EFO:0001938
xref: EHDAA2:0001583
xref: EHDAA:8299
xref: EMAPA:19073
xref: EMAPA:19146
xref: FMA:22428
xref: MA:0002363
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjd-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181669009
xref: UMLS:C0224440
xref: VHOG:0000828
xref: galen:QuadricepsFemoris
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Quadriceps_Muscle_of_the_Thigh
is_a: UBERON:0003663  ! hindlimb muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001378 ! rectus femoris
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
property_value: external_definition "The quadriceps is a collective term for the rectus femoris and the three heads of the vastus (lateralis, medialis, intermedius). [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.391][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001378
name: rectus femoris
namespace: uberon
def: "The Rectus femoris muscle is one of the four quadriceps muscles of the human body. (The others are the vastus medialis, the vastus intermedius, and the vastus lateralis. All four combine to form the quadriceps tendon, which inserts into the patella and continues as the patellar ligament. ) The Rectus femoris is situated in the middle of the front of the thigh; it is fusiform in shape, and its superficial fibers are arranged in a bipenniform manner, the deep fibers running straight down to the deep aponeurosis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Rectus_femoris_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus rectos femoris" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001564
xref: FMA:22430
xref: MA:0002365
xref: SCTID:181679006
xref: UMLS:C0584894
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Rectus_femoris.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Rectus_femoris.png/200px-Rectus_femoris.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Rectus_Femoris
is_a: UBERON:0003663  ! hindlimb muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002463 ! hamstring muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001379
name: vastus lateralis
namespace: uberon
def: "The Vastus lateralis (Vastus externus) is the largest part of the Quadriceps femoris. It arises by a broad aponeurosis, which is attached to the upper part of the intertrochanteric line, to the anterior and inferior borders of the greater trochanter, to the lateral lip of the gluteal tuberosity, and to the upper half of the lateral lip of the linea aspera; this aponeurosis covers the upper three-fourths of the muscle, and from its deep surface many fibers take origin. A few additional fibers arise from the tendon of the GlutC&us maximus, and from the lateral intermuscular septum between the Vastus lateralis and short head of the Biceps femoris. The fibers form a large fleshy mass, which is attached to a strong aponeurosis, placed on the deep surface of the lower part of the muscle: this aponeurosis becomes contracted and thickened into a flat tendon inserted into the lateral border of the patella, blending with the Quadriceps femoris tendon, and giving an expansion to the capsule of the knee-joint. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vastus_lateralis]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lateralis" BROAD []
synonym: "vastus externus" RELATED [BTO:0001563]
xref: BTO:0001563
xref: EFO:0001937
xref: FMA:22431
xref: MA:0002402
xref: UMLS:C0224444
xref: galen:VastusLateralis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Vastus_Lateralis
is_a: UBERON:0003663  ! hindlimb muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001380
name: vastus medialis
namespace: uberon
def: "The vastus medialis, often called the 'teardrop' muscle, is a medially located muscle of the quadriceps. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vastus_medialis]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "medialis" BROAD []
xref: BTO:0004913
xref: FMA:22432
xref: MA:0002403
xref: galen:VastusMedialis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Vastus_medialis.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Vastus_medialis.png/200px-Vastus_medialis.png
is_a: UBERON:0003663  ! hindlimb muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002446 ! patella
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001381
name: semimembranosus
namespace: uberon
def: "The semimembranosus is a muscle in the back of the thigh. It is the most medial of the three hamstring muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semimembranosus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus semimembranosus" RELATED [BTO:0003177]
xref: BTO:0003177
xref: FMA:22438
xref: MA:0002371
xref: UMLS:C0224452
xref: galen:Semimembranosus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Semimembranosus_muscle.PNG/200px-Semimembranosus_muscle.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Semimembranosus
is_a: UBERON:0003663  ! hindlimb muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001382
name: pectineus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "An adductor muscle that attaches to the pelvic bone and the femur. In humans, The pectineus muscle is a flat, quadrangular muscle, situated at the anterior part of the upper and medial aspect of the thigh. It can be classified in the medial compartment of thigh (when the function is emphasized) or the anterior compartment of thigh (when the nerve is emphasized). [WP,generalized]." [Wikipedia:Pectineus_muscle]
comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - \"Originates on the lateral border of the ilium and the anterior margin of the pubis. It inserts on the ventral surface of the femoral shaft.\" [AAO:0010036]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "M. pectineus" EXACT [AAO:0010036]
synonym: "musculus pectineus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectineus_muscle]
synonym: "pectineus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010036
xref: FMA:22440
xref: MA:0002353
xref: SCTID:245017006
xref: UMLS:C0224447
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Pectineus
is_a: UBERON:0004252  ! hindlimb stylopod muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011144  ! adductor muscle of hip
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0005465 ! obturator nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
property_value: external_definition "Originates on the lateral border of the ilium and the anterior margin of the pubis. It inserts on the ventral surface of the femoral shaft.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001383
name: muscle of leg
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle that is part of the region of the hindlimb between the pelvis and ankle." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Leg_muscle]
comment: Terminology notes: see notes on UBERON:0000978 for possible confusion over the term 'leg'.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "leg muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "leg muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of hindlimb zeugopod or stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "muscle of thigh or crus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "muscle of upper or lower hindlimb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "muscle of upper/lower leg" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle organ of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000722
xref: MA:0000672
is_a: UBERON:0003663  ! hindlimb muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001385
name: tibialis anterior
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the tibialis anterior is a muscle that originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot. Its acts to invert the foot. It is situated on the lateral side of the tibia; it is thick and fleshy above, tendinous below. This muscle overlaps the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve in the upper part of the leg. [WP,unvetted]. The M. tibialis cranialis is a muscle that flexes the tarsometatarsus. It originates on the craniodistal aspect of the femur and proximal tibiotarsus and inserts on the cranial surface of the tarsometarsus[EvoWiki]." [Wikipedia:Tibialis_anterior_muscle, http://evolutionwiki.org/wiki/M._tibialis_cranialis]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior tibialis" RELATED [BTO:0001382]
synonym: "ibialis anticus" RELATED [BTO:0001382]
synonym: "musculus tibialis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tibialis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "tibialis anterior muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001382]
synonym: "tibialis cranialis" EXACT [MA:0002395]
synonym: "tibilais cranialis" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001382
xref: EFO:0001385
xref: FMA:22532
xref: MA:0002395
xref: SCTID:181696007
xref: UMLS:C1710423
xref: galen:TibialisAnterior
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray1240.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray1240.png/200px-Gray1240.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tibialis_Cranialis
is_a: UBERON:0008230  ! tibialis
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001388 ! gastrocnemius
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001389 ! soleus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001667 ! tibialis posterior
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001386
name: extensor digitorum longus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Extensor digitorum longus is a pennate muscle, situated at the lateral part of the front of the leg. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_longus_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "extensor digitorum longus muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000436]
synonym: "musculus extensor digitorum longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_longus_muscle]
synonym: "toe extensor" EXACT [HP:0011916]
synonym: "toe extensor muscle" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000436
xref: FMA:22534
xref: MA:0002295
xref: UMLS:C0224464
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray1241.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1241.png/200px-Gray1241.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Digitorum_Longus
is_a: UBERON:0000311  ! extensor muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001383  ! muscle of leg
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009991 ! lateral condyle of tibia
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001324 ! common fibular nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001387
name: fibularis longus
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the peroneus longus (also known as fibularis longus) is a superficial muscle in the lateral compartment of the leg, and acts to evert and plantar flex the ankle. It is situated at the upper part of the lateral side of the leg, and is the most superficial of the three peroneus muscles. It is innervated by the superficial fibular nerve (superficial peroneal nerve). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fibularis longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus]
synonym: "fibularis longus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus]
synonym: "musculus peroneus longus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22539, FMA:TA]
synonym: "peronaei longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus]
synonym: "peronaeus longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus]
synonym: "peroneous longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus]
synonym: "peroneus longus" EXACT []
synonym: "peroneus longus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus]
xref: FMA:22539
xref: MA:0002356
xref: SCTID:361825008
xref: UMLS:C0224469
xref: galen:PeroneusLongus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray1240.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray1240.png/200px-Gray1240.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Peroneus_Longus
is_a: UBERON:0009132  ! peroneus
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001452 ! distal tarsal bone 1
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 ! fibula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001388
name: gastrocnemius
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle of the shank. In mammals it has two heads[Kardong]. It runs from its two heads just above the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing, walking, running and jumping. Along with the soleus muscle it forms the calf muscle. [WP]." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Gastrocnemius_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gastrocnemius muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000506]
synonym: "m. gastrocnemius" EXACT []
synonym: "m.gastrocnemius" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus gastrocnemius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gastrocnemius_muscle]
xref: BTO:0000506
xref: EFO:0001413
xref: EHDAA2:0000701
xref: EHDAA:8293
xref: FMA:22541
xref: MA:0002306
xref: SCTID:181700004
xref: UMLS:C0242691
xref: VHOG:0001193
xref: galen:Gastrocnemius
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Gastrocnemius.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Gastrocnemius.png/200px-Gastrocnemius.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrocnemius_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004256  ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003701 ! calcaneal tendon
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009984 ! medial condyle of femur
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001323 ! tibial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001665 ! triceps surae
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
property_value: external_definition "The most superficial calf muscle in the posterior part of the leg. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The most prominent ventral muscle of the shank is the gastrocnemius, the 'calf' muscle. In mammals, it has two heads, resulting from the fusion of two different phylogenetic predecessors.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001389
name: soleus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a powerful muscle in the back part of the lower leg (the calf). It runs from just below the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing and walking. It is closely connected to the gastrocnemius muscle and some anatomists consider them to be a single muscle, the triceps surae. Its name is derived from the solefish whose shape it resembles. The soleus is located in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg. Not all mammals have a soleus muscle; one familiar species that lacks the soleus is the dog." [Wikipedia:Soleus_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "soleus" EXACT [MA:0002424]
xref: BTO:0001265
xref: EFO:0001946
xref: FMA:22542
xref: MA:0002424
xref: SCTID:181702007
xref: UMLS:C0242694
xref: galen:Soleus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Soleus
is_a: UBERON:0004256  ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003701 ! calcaneal tendon
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0011910 ! gastrocnemius externus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001323 ! tibial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001665 ! triceps surae
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9611
property_value: has_relational_adjective "soleal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001390
name: sural artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The sural arteries (inferior muscular arteries) are two large branches, which are distributed to the Gastrocnemius, Soleus, and Plantaris. The term applies to any of four or five arteries arising from the popliteal artery, with distribution to the muscles and integument of the calf, and with anastomoses to the posterior tibial, medial and lateral inferior genicular arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sural_artery]
comment: TODO: check NCITA class
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:22570
xref: MA:0002058
xref: SCTID:302693002
xref: UMLS:C0226464
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Gray551.png/200px-Gray551.png
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Sural_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001391
name: popliteus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The popliteus muscle in the leg is used to unlock the knee by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia during a closed chain movement (such as one with the foot in contact with the ground). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Popliteus_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "m.popliteus" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus popliteus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Popliteus_muscle]
synonym: "popliteal" EXACT []
synonym: "popliteal muscle" EXACT [FMA:22590]
synonym: "popliteus" EXACT [FMA:22590, MA:0002554]
synonym: "popliteus muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:22590
xref: MA:0002554
xref: SCTID:245032004
xref: UMLS:C0224457
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Gray439.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Gray439.png/200px-Gray439.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Popliteus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001383  ! muscle of leg
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0009980 ! condyle of femur
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001323 ! tibial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001392
name: flexor hallucis longus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Flexor hallucis longus muscle (FHL) is a muscle of the leg. It is one of the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg. The other deep muscles of the leg are flexor digitorum longus and tibialis posterior. FHL is the largest and most powerful of these deep muscles. The Flexor hallucis longus is situated on the fibular side of the leg. It arises from the inferior two-thirds of the posterior surface of the body of the fibula, with the exception of 2.5 cm. at its lowest part; from the lower part of the interosseous membrane; from an intermuscular septum between it and the PeronC&i, laterally, and from the fascia covering the Tibialis posterior, medially. The fibers pass obliquely downward and backward, and end in a tendon which occupies nearly the whole length of the posterior surface of the muscle. This tendon lies in a groove which crosses the posterior surface of the lower end of the tibia, the posterior surface of the talus, and the under surface of the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus; in the sole of the foot it runs forward between the two heads of the Flexor hallucis brevis, and is inserted into the base of the last phalanx of the great toe. The grooves on the talus and calcaneus, which contain the tendon of the muscle, are converted by tendinous fibers into distinct canals, lined by a mucous sheath. As the tendon passes forward in the sole of the foot, it is situated above, and crosses from the lateral to the medial side of the tendon of the Flexor digitorum longus, to which it is connected by a fibrous slip. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_longus_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "flexor hallucis longus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_longus_muscle]
xref: FMA:22593
xref: MA:0002301
xref: SCTID:361826009
xref: UMLS:C0224473
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Gray442.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray442.png/200px-Gray442.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Hallucis_Longus
is_a: UBERON:0000366  ! flexor muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001383  ! muscle of leg
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004315 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 1
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0011909 ! gastrocnemius internus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001323 ! tibial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001394
name: axillary artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the axillary artery is a large blood vessel that conveys oxygenated blood to the lateral aspect of the thorax, the axilla (armpit) and the upper limb. Its origin is at the lateral margin of the first rib, before which it is called the subclavian artery. After passing the lower margin of teres major it becomes the brachial artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Axillary_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria axillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_artery]
synonym: "axillary part of subclavian artery" EXACT [FMA:22654]
synonym: "axillary part of trunk of subclavian artery" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18749
xref: FMA:22654
xref: GAID:473
xref: MA:0002573
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.085
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwRh-vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181321001
xref: UMLS:C0004455
xref: galen:AxillaryArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Axillary_limits.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Axillary_limits.PNG/200px-Axillary_limits.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Axillary_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001395
name: thoraco-acromial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The thoracoacromial artery (acromiothoracic artery; thoracic axis) is a short trunk, which arises from the forepart of the axillary artery, its origin being generally overlapped by the upper edge of the Pectoralis minor. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoraco-acromial_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "acromiothoracic artery" EXACT []
synonym: "thoracoacromial artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:22671
xref: MA:0002064
xref: SCTID:244315002
xref: UMLS:C0226420
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG/200px-Axillary_branches.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Acromial_Thoracic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003233  ! epithelium of shoulder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001396
name: lateral thoracic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the lateral thoracic artery (or external mammary artery) is a blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the lateral structures of the thorax and breast. It originates from the axillary artery and follows the lower border of the Pectoralis minor muscle to the side of the chest, supplies the Serratus anterior muscle and the Pectoralis major muscle, and sends branches across the axilla to the axillary lymph nodes and Subscapularis muscle. It anastomoses with the internal thoracic artery, subscapular, and intercostal arteries, and with the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery. In the female it supplies an external mammary branch which turns round the free edge of the Pectoralis major and supplies the breasts. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_thoracic_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria thoracalis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_thoracic_artery]
synonym: "external mammary artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:22674
xref: MA:0001989
xref: SCTID:206135006
xref: UMLS:C0226421
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG/200px-Axillary_branches.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Thoracic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003233  ! epithelium of shoulder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001397
name: subscapular artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The subscapular artery, the largest branch of the axillary artery, arises at the lower border of the Subscapularis, which it follows to the inferior angle of the scapula, where it anastomoses with the lateral thoracic and intercostal arteries and with the descending branch of the transverse cervical, and ends in the neighboring muscles. About 4 cm. from its origin it gives off two branches, first the scapular circumflex artery and then the thoracodorsal artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subscapular_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria subscapularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subscapular_artery]
xref: FMA:22677
xref: MA:0002050
xref: SCTID:244311006
xref: UMLS:C0226422
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG/200px-Axillary_branches.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Subscapular_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001398
name: brachial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The brachial artery is the major blood vessel of the (upper) arm. It is the continuation of the axillary artery beyond the lower margin of teres major muscle. It continues down the ventral surface of the arm until it reaches the cubital fossa at the elbow. It then divides into the radial and ulnar arteries which run down the forearm. In some individuals, the bifurcation occurs much earlier and the ulnar and radial arteries extend through the upper arm. The pulse of the brachial artery is palpable on the anterior aspect of the elbow, medial to the tendon of the biceps, and, with the use of a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) often used to measure the blood pressure. The brachial artery is closely related to the median nerve; in proximal regions, the median nerve is immediately lateral to the brachial artery. Distally, the median nerve crosses the medial side of the brachial artery and lies anterior to the elbow joint. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachial_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria brachialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachial_artery]
synonym: "brachial part of trunk of subclavian artery" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010504
xref: EFO:0004231
xref: FMA:22689
xref: GAID:475
xref: MA:0001921
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.139
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwM-i5JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181322008
xref: UMLS:C0006087
xref: galen:BrachialArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray525.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray525.png/200px-Gray525.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Brachial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
property_value: external_definition "Part of the subclavian artery which supplies blood to the forelimb.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001399
name: deep brachial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The arteria profunda brachii (also known as deep artery of the arm and the deep brachial artery) is a large vessel which arises from the medial and back part of the brachial, just below the lower border of the Teres major. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Deep_brachial_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria profunda brachii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22695, FMA:TA]
synonym: "profunda brachii artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:22695
xref: MA:0002026
xref: SCTID:41065002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray526.png/200px-Gray526.png
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003507  ! arm blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001400
name: iliocostalis thoracis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The iliocostalis dorsi (musculus accessorius; iliocostalis thoracis) arises by flattened tendons from the upper borders of the angles of the lower six ribs medial to the tendons of insertion of the iliocostalis lumborum; these become muscular, and are inserted into the upper borders of the angles of the upper six ribs and into the back of the transverse process of the seventh cervical vertebra." [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis#Iliocostalis_thoracis]
synonym: "iliocostalis thoracis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
synonym: "iliocostalis thoracis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
synonym: "musculus accessorius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
xref: FMA:22703
xref: MA:0002320
xref: SCTID:244856005
is_a: UBERON:0002251  ! iliocostalis muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001401
name: longissimus thoracis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The longissimus is the muscle lateral to the semispinalis. It is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis that extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longissimus#Longissimus_thoracis]
comment: Editor's note: TODO - add logical definition to determine if AAO class belongs here. Classified as erector spinae in AAO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "longissimus dorsi" RELATED [BTO:0001651]
synonym: "longissimus thoracis" EXACT [MA:0002339]
synonym: "musculus longissimus thoracis" RELATED [BTO:0001651]
xref: AAO:0010775
xref: BTO:0001651
xref: FMA:22709
xref: MA:0002339
xref: SCTID:244859003
xref: UMLS:C0224307
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Longissimus.png/200px-Longissimus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Longissimus_Thoracis
is_a: UBERON:0000392  ! longissimus muscle
property_value: external_definition "Epaxial muscle which originates on the antero-lateral urostyle and inserts variably along the neural spines and transverse processes of the presacral vertebrae to the exoccipital bone.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001402
name: longissimus cervicis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The longissimus is the muscle lateral to the semispinalis. It is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis that extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longissimus#Longissimus_cervicis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "longissimus cervicis" EXACT [MA:0002337]
synonym: "musculus longissimus cervicis" RELATED [BTO:0001650]
xref: BTO:0001650
xref: FMA:22711
xref: MA:0002337
xref: SCTID:244860008
xref: UMLS:C0224308
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Longissimus.png/200px-Longissimus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Longissimus_Cervicis
is_a: UBERON:0000392  ! longissimus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001403
name: longissimus capitis
namespace: uberon
def: "The longissimus is the muscle lateral to the semispinalis. It is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis that extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longissimus#Longissimus_capitis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus longissimus capitis" RELATED [BTO:0001649]
synonym: "trachelomastoid muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001649]
xref: BTO:0001649
xref: FMA:22714
xref: MA:0002336
xref: SCTID:244861007
xref: UMLS:C0224309
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Longissimus.png/200px-Longissimus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Longissimus_Capitis
is_a: UBERON:0000392  ! longissimus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001404
name: radial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the radial artery is the main blood vessel, with oxygenated blood, of the lateral aspect of the forearm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Radial_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "A. Radialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Radial_artery]
xref: FMA:22730
xref: GAID:506
xref: MA:0002034
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.740
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvxzeR5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181332001
xref: UMLS:C0162857
xref: galen:RadialArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray1237.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray1237.svg/200px-Gray1237.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Radial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001406
name: ulnar artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The ulnar artery is the main blood vessel, with oxygenated blood, of the medial aspect of the forearm. It arises from the brachial artery and terminates in the superficial palmar arch, which joins with the superficial branch of the radial artery. It is palpable on the anterior and medial aspect of the wrist. Along its course, it is accompanied by a similarly named vein or veins, the ulnar vein or ulnar veins. The ulnar artery, the larger of the two terminal branches of the brachial, begins a little below the bend of the elbow in the cubital fossa, and, passing obliquely downward, reaches the ulnar side of the forearm at a point about midway between the elbow and the wrist. It then runs along the ulnar border to the wrist, crosses the transverse carpal ligament on the radial side of the pisiform bone, and immediately beyond this bone divides into two branches, which enter into the formation of the superficial and deep volar arches. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ulnar_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "A. Ulnaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ulnar_artery]
xref: FMA:22796
xref: GAID:515
xref: MA:0002069
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.920
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAF2PJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181333006
xref: UMLS:C0162858
xref: galen:UlnarArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray1237.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray1237.svg/200px-Gray1237.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ulnar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001407
name: semispinalis thoracis
namespace: uberon
def: "The Semispinalis dorsi (or semispinalis thoracis) consists of thin, narrow, fleshy fasciculi, interposed between tendons of considerable length. It arises by a series of small tendons from the transverse processes of the sixth to the tenth thoracic vertebrC&, and is inserted, by tendons, into the spinous processes of the upper four thoracic and lower two cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_dorsi]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus semispinalis thoracis, musculus semispinalis dorsi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_dorsi]
synonym: "semispinalis dorsi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_dorsi]
synonym: "semispinalis dorsi muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_dorsi]
xref: FMA:22828
xref: MA:0002374
xref: SCTID:244868001
xref: UMLS:C0224316
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Semispinalis.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Semispinalis.png/200px-Semispinalis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Semispinalis_Thoracis
is_a: UBERON:0011017  ! semispinalis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001076 ! spinous process of vertebra
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001408
name: semispinalis cervicis
namespace: uberon
def: "The semispinalis cervicis (semispinalis colli), thicker than the semispinalis dorsi, arises by a series of tendinous and fleshy fibers from the transverse processes of the upper five or six thoracic vertebrC&, and is inserted into the cervical spinous processes, from the axis to the fifth inclusive. The fasciculus connected with the axis is the largest, and is chiefly muscular in structure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_cervicis]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus semispinalis cervicis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_cervicis]
xref: FMA:22829
xref: MA:0002373
xref: SCTID:244869009
xref: UMLS:C0224317
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Gray384.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Gray384.png/200px-Gray384.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Semispinalis_Cervicis
is_a: UBERON:0011017  ! semispinalis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001409
name: semispinalis capitis
namespace: uberon
def: "The Semispinalis capitis (Complexus) is situated at the upper and back part of the neck, deep to the Splenius, and medial to the Longissimus cervicis and capitis. It arises by a series of tendons from the tips of the transverse processes of the upper six or seven thoracic and the seventh cervical vertebrC&, and from the articular processes of the three cervical above this. The tendons, uniting, form a broad muscle, which passes upward, and is inserted between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone. The medial part, usually more or less distinct from the remainder of the muscle, is frequently termed the Spinalis capitis; it is also named the Biventer cervicis since it is traversed by an imperfect tendinous inscription. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_capitis]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus semispinalis capitis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_capitis]
xref: FMA:22830
xref: MA:0002372
xref: SCTID:244870005
xref: UMLS:C0224318
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Gray384.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Gray384.png/200px-Gray384.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Semispinalis_Capitis
is_a: UBERON:0011017  ! semispinalis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001410
name: common palmar digital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Three common palmar digital arteries arise from the convexity of the superficial palmar arch and proceed distally on the second, third, and fourth lumbricales muscles." [Wikipedia:Common_palmar_digital_artery]
comment: the MA term, even though plural, represents the singular, as it is an isa child of artery
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "common palmar digital arteries" EXACT []
xref: FMA:22852
xref: MA:0001957
xref: SCTID:38396009
xref: UMLS:C0226446
xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Palmar_Digital_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0006141  ! palmar digital artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001411
name: basilic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the basilic vein is a large superficial vein of the upper limb that helps drain parts of manus and forearm. It originates on the medial (ulnar) side of the dorsal venous network of the manus, and it travels up the base of the forearm and arm. Most of its course is superficial; it generally travels in the subcutaneous fat and other fasciae that lie superficial to the muscles of the upper extremity. Because of this, it is usually visible through the skin. Near the region anterior to the cubital fossa, in the bend of the elbow joint, the basilic vein usually connects with the other large superficial vein of the upper extremity, the cephalic vein, via the median cubital vein. The layout of superficial veins in the forearm is highly variable from person to person, and there are generally a variety of other unnamed superficial veins that the basilic vein communicates with. About halfway up the arm proper (the part between the shoulder and elbow), the basilic vein goes deep, travelling under the muscles. There, around the lower border of the teres major muscle, the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral veins feed into it, just before it joins the brachial veins to form the axillary vein. Along with other superficial veins in the forearm, the basilic vein is a possible site for venipuncture. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Basilic_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "basilic vein of forearm" EXACT []
synonym: "vena basilica antebrachii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22908, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:22908
xref: MA:0002086
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvwrxEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181393008
xref: UMLS:C0226801
xref: galen:BasilicVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray576.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/200px-Gray576.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Basilic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003507  ! arm blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 ! axillary vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001412
name: common palmar digital vein
namespace: uberon
comment: Some sources distinguish between the \"proper palmar digital veins\", which are more distal, and the \"common palmar digital veins\", which are more proximal.
synonym: "proximal palmar digital vein" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins]
xref: FMA:22923
xref: MA:0002121
is_a: UBERON:0004563  ! forelimb digital vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001413
name: brachial vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the brachial veins are venae comitantes of the brachial artery in the arm proper. Because they are deep to muscle, they are considered deep veins. Their course is that of the brachial artery (in reverse): they begin where radial veins and ulnar veins join (corresponding to the bifurcation of the brachial artery). They end at the inferior border of the teres major muscle. At this point, the brachial veins join the basilic vein to form the axillary vein. The brachial veins also have small tributaries that drain the muscles of the upper arm, such as biceps brachii muscle and triceps brachii muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachial_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AAO:0010512
xref: FMA:22934
xref: MA:0002087
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwS3In5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181390006
xref: UMLS:C0226812
xref: galen:BrachialVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/200px-Gray576.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Brachial_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003507  ! arm blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 ! axillary vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein
property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the forelimb and drains into the subclavian vein.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001414
name: median cubital vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the median cubital vein (or median basilic vein) a superficial vein of the upper limb. It connects the basilic and cephalic vein and is often used for venipuncture (taking blood). It lies in the cubital fossa superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis. There exists a fair amount of variation of the median cubital vein. More commonly the vein forms an H-pattern with the cephalic and basilic veins making up the sides. Other forms include an M-pattern, where the vein branches to the cephalic and basilic veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Median_cubital_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vena mediana cubiti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_cubital_vein]
xref: FMA:22963
xref: MA:0002176
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzQSYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181392003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Gray574.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Gray574.png/200px-Gray574.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 ! axillary vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001411 ! basilic vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001415
name: skin of pelvis
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "pelvic skin" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvis skin" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvis zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:22984
xref: MA:0000546
xref: SCTID:181517009
is_a: UBERON:0003836  ! abdominal segment skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001085 ! skin of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001416
name: skin of abdomen
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "abdomen skin" EXACT []
synonym: "abdomen zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal skin" EXACT []
synonym: "skin of abdomen proper" EXACT [FMA:22988]
synonym: "zone of skin of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0000214
xref: FMA:22988
xref: FMA:23000
xref: MA:0000523
xref: SCTID:361707007
xref: UMLS:C0222166
xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0003836  ! abdominal segment skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001417
name: skin of neck
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "neck (volume) zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck skin" EXACT []
synonym: "neck zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23021
xref: FMA:23022
xref: MA:0000590
xref: SCTID:361705004
xref: UMLS:C0205030
xref: ncithesaurus:Neck_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0012180  ! head or neck skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001418
name: skin of thorax
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "thoracic skin" EXACT []
synonym: "thorax skin" EXACT []
synonym: "thorax zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper body skin" RELATED []
synonym: "zone of skin of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23028
xref: FMA:23029
xref: MA:0000564
xref: SCTID:281723000
is_a: UBERON:0001085  ! skin of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001419
name: skin of limb
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "limb skin" EXACT []
synonym: "limb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23100
xref: MA:0000694
xref: SCTID:314403009
xref: UMLS:C1282135
xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Extremity
is_a: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001420
name: subscapular vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:23113
xref: MA:0002224
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 ! axillary vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001421
name: pectoral girdle region
namespace: uberon
def: "An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). Examples:  Examples: There are only two instances in an organism, right and left pectoral girdle regions." [FMA:23217, UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
comment: Note that this class describes the organism subdivision, NOT the skeleton within. See also: skeleton of pectoral girdle (UBERON:0007831).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cingulum membri superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23217, FMA:TA]
synonym: "girdle - pectoral" EXACT []
synonym: "pectoral girdle" RELATED []
synonym: "pectoral region" RELATED []
synonym: "shoulder girdle" NARROW [FMA:23217]
synonym: "upper limb girdle" NARROW [FMA:23217]
xref: FMA:23217
xref: SCTID:229759004
xref: VSAO:0000305
xref: galen:ShoulderGirdle
is_a: UBERON:0007823  ! appendage girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0007823  ! appendage girdle region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
disjoint_from: UBERON:0007831  ! pectoral girdle skeleton
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001271
property_value: external_comment "Note that this class describes the central subdivision of the pectoral girdle complex, NOT the skeleton within.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There is only one instance of the pectoral girdle region per organism.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001422
name: facial lymphatic vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphatic vessel that is part of a face [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "FL" RELATED []
synonym: "buccal lymphatic vessel" EXACT []
synonym: "face lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "face lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:233946
xref: TAO:0005108
xref: ZFA:0005108
is_a: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
intersection_of: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001423
name: radius bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The major preaxial endochondral bone in the anterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Radius_(bone)]
comment: Due to the presence of the radius in Tetrpodomorph fish this element is not inherently linked to the presence of digits or flexor musculature. The corresponding bone in the posterior fin/limb is the tibia.[Phenoscape]. In four-legged animals, the radius is the main load-bearing bone of the lower forelimb. Its structure is similar in most terrestrial tetrapods, but it may be fused with the ulna in some mammals (such as horses) and reduced or modified in animals with flippers or vestigial forelimbs [ISBN:0-03-910284-X]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "radius" EXACT [MA:0001357]
xref: AAO:0000788
xref: EMAPA:18466
xref: EMAPA:19103
xref: FMA:23463
xref: GAID:185
xref: MA:0001357
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.702
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwUsDcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181940002
xref: UMLS:C0034627
xref: VSAO:0005012
xref: galen:Radius
xref: ncithesaurus:Radius_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003466  ! forelimb zeugopod bone
is_a: UBERON:0003607  ! forelimb long bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006286 ! radius cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
property_value: external_definition "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the fore-epipodium; it is located on the lateral side of the ulna. Its upper end articulates with both the humerus and the ulna, whereas the lower articulates with the carpals.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001424
name: ulna
namespace: uberon
def: "The major postaxial endochondral bone in the anterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Ulna]
comment: The corresponding bone in the posterior fin/limb is the fibula.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AAO:0000789
xref: EMAPA:18467
xref: EMAPA:19104
xref: FMA:23466
xref: GAID:188
xref: MA:0001358
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.911
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwPtIM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181948009
xref: UMLS:C0041600
xref: VSAO:0005013
xref: galen:Ulna
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg/200px-Illu_upper_extremity.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Ulna
is_a: UBERON:0003466  ! forelimb zeugopod bone
is_a: UBERON:0003607  ! forelimb long bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006306 ! ulna cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
relationship: postaxial_part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
property_value: external_definition "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the fore-epipodium; it is located on the medial (inner) side of the radius. The upper end of the ulna articulates with the lower end of the humerus forming a strong hinge joint with the carpals, whereas the lower articulates with the carpals.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ulnar" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001425
name: pectoral lymphatic vessel
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "PL" RELATED []
xref: FMA:234865
xref: TAO:0005107
xref: ZFA:0005107
is_a: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001426
name: jugular lymphatic vessel
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "JL" RELATED []
xref: FMA:234908
xref: TAO:0005109
xref: ZFA:0005109
is_a: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011765 ! jugular lymph sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001427
name: scaphoid
namespace: uberon
def: "The scaphoid Bone is situated at the radial (radius bone) side of the carpus, or laterally between the manus and the forearm in standard medical posture (thumbs pointing outwards). The scaphoid bone is the largest bone of the proximal row of wrist bones, its long axis being from above downward, lateralward, and forward. It is approximately the size and shape of a medium sized cashew. The bone takes a semi-similar form of a boat. In reptiles, birds, and amphibians, this bone is instead commonly referred to as the radiale, because of its articulation with the radius. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scaphoid]
comment: todo - check AAO placement; in rodents this is fused with the lunate to make the scapholunate
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "navicular bone of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "navicular bone of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "navicular of hand" RELATED []
synonym: "navicular of manus" RELATED []
synonym: "os carpi radiale" EXACT []
synonym: "os naviculare manus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scaphoid_bone]
synonym: "os scaphoideum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scaphoid_bone]
synonym: "radial carpal bone" RELATED []
synonym: "radiale" RELATED [AAO:0000790, Wikipedia:Scaphoid]
synonym: "scaphoid bone" EXACT []
synonym: "scaphoideum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scaphoid_bone]
xref: AAO:0000790
xref: FMA:23709
xref: GAID:180
xref: MA:0002555
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.144.650
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAwWe5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181958008
xref: UMLS:C0223724
xref: galen:Scaphoid
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Scaphoid_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001480  ! proximal carpal bone
property_value: external_definition "One of two element that constitute the basal row of carpals. It articulates proximally with the radius, mesially with the ulnare (or pars intermedia of the ulnare when the ulnare is fused to the intermedium) and distally with the centrale (also recognized by some authors as element Y). This element originates from one or two condensation centers. Occasionally it may fuse to carpal 5(4), the ulnare, or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001428
name: lunate
namespace: uberon
def: "The lunate bone (semilunar bone) is a carpal bone (wrist bone) in the human hand that may be distinguished by its deep concavity and crescentic outline. It is situated in the center of the proximal row of the carpus (wrist) region between the fore arm and hand (manus). In standard medical posture, the lunate carpal bone is situated between the lateral Scaphoid bone and medial Triquetral bone. The lunate carpal bone straddles distally the bordering ulna and radius bones and proximally to distal carpus (wrist) Trapezium bone and Trapezoid bone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lunate_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: articulating with the ulnare and the radiale[VSAO\}. human articulations: radius proximally capitate and hamate distally scaphoid laterally triangular medially
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intermediate carpal bone" RELATED []
synonym: "lunar" EXACT [VSAO:0005040]
synonym: "lunate bone" EXACT []
synonym: "os carpi intermedium" EXACT []
synonym: "os lunatum" EXACT LATIN [VSAO:0005040, Wikipedia:Lunate_bone]
synonym: "semilunar" RELATED []
synonym: "semilunar bone" EXACT []
synonym: "semilunate" RELATED []
xref: FMA:23712
xref: GAID:181
xref: MA:0002556
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.144.663
xref: SCTID:181959000
xref: UMLS:C0036624
xref: VSAO:0005040
xref: galen:Lunate
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lunate_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001480  ! proximal carpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001429
name: pisiform
namespace: uberon
def: "A laterally positioned sesamoid bone found in close proximity with and occasionally fused to the ulnare." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Pisiform_bone]
comment: Check: accessory carpal
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "accessory carpal bone" RELATED [MA:0001339]
synonym: "os pisiforme" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pisiform_bone]
synonym: "pisiform bone" EXACT [FMA:23718]
xref: FMA:23718
xref: MA:0001339
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtByTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181966004
xref: SCTID:9181003
xref: UMLS:C0223729
xref: galen:Pisiform
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pisiform_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001480  ! proximal carpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0007997  ! sesamoid bone of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001430
name: distal carpal bone 1
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Trapezium_(bone)]
comment: Taxon notes: located between radiale and first metacarpal[VSAO]. in humans - The capitate articulates with 1st metacarpal distally, scaphoid proximally, trapezoid medially, 2nd metacarpal medially[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "carpal 1" RELATED [AAO:0010634]
synonym: "distal carpal 1" EXACT [VSAO:0005043]
synonym: "greater multangular" RELATED []
synonym: "greater multangular bone" EXACT []
synonym: "greater multiangular" RELATED [MA:0001340]
synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 1" RELATED [MA:0001340]
synonym: "manus distal carpal bone 1" RELATED []
synonym: "os trapezium" EXACT [VSAO:0005043]
synonym: "trapezial bone" EXACT [FMA:23721]
synonym: "trapezium" EXACT [VSAO:0005043]
synonym: "trapezium bone" EXACT [FMA:23721]
xref: AAO:0010634
xref: FMA:23721
xref: MA:0001340
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3CbrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361780007
xref: UMLS:C0223736
xref: VSAO:0005043
xref: galen:Trapezium
xref: ncithesaurus:Trapezial_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001481  ! distal carpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001431
name: distal carpal bone 2
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Trapezoid_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: located in the distal part of the carpus and articulating with the second metacarpal, the distal carpals 1 and 2 and the radiale.[VSAO] in humans - The capitate articulates with 2nd metacarpal distally, scaphoid proximally, trapezium medially, capitate medially[WP] Amphibians: Small element that articulates with the prepollex, metacarpal II(I) and metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to element Y or carpal 3(2)[AAO]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "carpal 2" RELATED [AAO:0000848]
synonym: "distal carpal 2" EXACT [VSAO:0005044]
synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 2" RELATED [MA:0001341]
synonym: "lesser multangular" RELATED []
synonym: "lesser multangular bone" EXACT [FMA:23724]
synonym: "lesser multiangular" RELATED [MA:0001341]
synonym: "manus distal carpal bone 2" RELATED []
synonym: "os trapezoideum" EXACT [VSAO:0005044]
synonym: "trapezoid" EXACT [VSAO:0005044]
synonym: "trapezoid bone" EXACT [FMA:23724]
xref: AAO:0000848
xref: FMA:23724
xref: MA:0001341
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVvsjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvxNWBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361781006
xref: UMLS:C0223741
xref: VSAO:0005044
xref: galen:Trapezoid
xref: ncithesaurus:Trapezoid_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001481  ! distal carpal bone
property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates with the prepollex, metacarpal II(I) and metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to element Y or carpal 3(2).[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The trapezoid bone (lesser multangular bone) is a carpal bone in tetrapods, including humans. It is the smallest bone in the distal row. It may be known by its wedge-shaped form, the broad end of the wedge constituting the dorsal, the narrow end the palmar surface; and by its having four articular facets touching each other, and separated by sharp edges. It is homologous with the \"second distal carpal\" of reptiles and amphibians. The etymology derives from the Greek trapezion which means \"irregular quadrilateral,\" from tra- \"four\" and peza \"foot\" or \"edge. \" Literally, \"a little table\" from trapeza meaning \"table\" and -oeides \"shaped.[Wikipedia:Trapezoid_bone]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001432
name: distal carpal bone 3
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Capitate_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: medially located and articulates with metacarpals 2-4, distal carpal 5 and the intermedium[VSAO] In the human hand, the capitate bone is the largest of the carpal bones, and occupies the center of the wrist - The capitate articulates with seven bones: the scaphoid and lunate proximally, the second metacarpal, third metacarpal, and fourth metacarpal distally, the lesser multangular on the radial side, and the hamate on the ulnar side[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "capitate" EXACT [MA:0001342]
synonym: "capitate bone" EXACT [FMA:23727]
synonym: "carpal 3" RELATED [AAO:0000849]
synonym: "distal carpal 3" EXACT [VSAO:0005045]
synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 3" RELATED [MA:0001342]
synonym: "magnum" RELATED [VSAO:0005045]
synonym: "os capitatum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capitate_bone]
synonym: "os magnum" RELATED []
synonym: "os magnum (carpus)" EXACT [FMA:23727]
xref: AAO:0000849
xref: FMA:23727
xref: MA:0001342
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZFPrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181964001
xref: UMLS:C0223733
xref: VSAO:0005045
xref: galen:Capitate
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Capitate_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001481  ! distal carpal bone
property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to carpals 2(1), 4(3), 5(4), or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001433
name: distal carpal bone 4
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Hamate_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: articulates with the lunar, distal carpal 3, the ulnare as well as metacarpals 4 and 5.[VSAO]. In the human hand the lunate proximally the fourth and fifth metacarpals distally the triangular medially the capitate laterally[WP] Amphibians: Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(III). It may be fused to carpal 3(2), 5(4), or other elements[AAO]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "carpal 4" RELATED [AAO:0000850]
synonym: "distal carpal 4" EXACT [VSAO:0005046]
synonym: "hamate" EXACT [MA:0001343]
synonym: "hamate bone" EXACT [FMA:23730]
synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 4" RELATED [MA:0001343]
synonym: "os hamatum" RELATED LATIN [VSAO:0005046, Wikipedia:Hamate_bone]
synonym: "unciform" RELATED [MA:0001343]
synonym: "unciform bone" EXACT [FMA:23730]
synonym: "uncinate" RELATED [MA:0001343]
xref: AAO:0000850
xref: FMA:23730
xref: MA:0001343
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwFTmuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181967008
xref: UMLS:C0560737
xref: VSAO:0005046
xref: galen:Hamate
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hamate_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001481  ! distal carpal bone
property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(III). It may be fused to carpal 3(2), 5(4), or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001434
name: skeletal system
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ system subdivision which consists of the skeleton and the articular system.[FMA]" [AAO:0000566, FMA:FMA]
comment: Note that GO defines skeletal system very generically: The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton) GO:0001501; however, all annotations are to vertebrates
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Skelettsystem" RELATED [BTO:0001486]
synonym: "set of all bones and joints" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "skeleton system" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000566
xref: BTO:0001486
xref: EFO:0000806
xref: EHDAA2:0003168
xref: FMA:23881
xref: MA:0000018
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi1rpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0000434
xref: UMLS:C0037253
xref: VHOG:0001254
xref: VSAO:0000027
xref: XAO:0003060
xref: ZFA:0000434
xref: ncithesaurus:Skeletal_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204  ! musculoskeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000025
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001016
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system consisting of multiple elements and tissues that provides physical support.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "System that provides physical support to the organism.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "skeletal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "By taking a holistic approach, integration of the evidence from molecular and developmental features of model organisms, the phylogenetic distribution in the 'new animal phylogeny' and the earliest fossilized remains of mineralized animal skeletons suggests independent origins of the skeleton at the phylum level.[debated][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001435
name: carpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of the carpal skeleton. Examples: scaphoid, lunate, capitate[cjm]. In tetrapods, the carpals is the sole cluster of the bones in the wrist between the radius and ulna and the metacarpus. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do. The corresponding part of the foot is the tarsus. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate vertically, horizontally and laterally. In human anatomy, the main role of the carpus is to facilitate effective positioning of the hand and powerful use of the extensors and flexors of the forearm, but the mobility of individual carpal bones increase the freedom of movements at the wrist. [WP,unvetted]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Carpus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bone of carpus" EXACT []
synonym: "carpal" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:ad]
synonym: "carpal skeleton bone" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:25056
xref: FMA:23889
xref: GAID:179
xref: MA:0000296
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.144
xref: SCTID:83936004
xref: UMLS:C0007285
xref: galen:CarpalBone
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Carpus.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Carpus.svg/200px-Carpus.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Carpal_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003656  ! mesopodium bone
is_a: UBERON:0005897  ! manus bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006213 ! carpus cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001436
name: phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a forelimb autopod[Automatically generated definition]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Phalanges_of_the_hand]
synonym: "digital bone of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus manus phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand phalanx" EXACT [MA:0000306]
synonym: "manual phalanx" EXACT []
synonym: "phalanges of fore digit" RELATED PLURAL [AAO:0000947]
synonym: "phalanx of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:23914]
synonym: "phalanx of fore digit" EXACT []
synonym: "phalanx of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "phalanx of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of manual digit" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000947
xref: FMA:23914
xref: MA:0000306
xref: SCTID:181976001
xref: SCTID:361100001
xref: UMLS:C0223792
xref: http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/3/613/F1.large.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003607  ! forelimb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0004249  ! manual digit bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010686 ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010688 ! skeleton of manual acropodium
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that make the four digits of the manus. The terminal phalanges are much smaller than the proximal and penultimate phalanges. The typical phalangeal formula of the manus, in a medial to lateral sequence, is 2-2-3-3.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001437
name: epiphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of long bone which forms its expanded proximal or distal articular end; together with other the subdivisions of long bone, it constitutes the long bone. Examples: proximal epiphysis of humerus, distal epiphysis of femur.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Epiphysis]
comment: see also: annular epiphysis
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "end of long bone" EXACT []
synonym: "epiphyses" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "long bone epiphysis" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000742
xref: BTO:0000413
xref: FMA:24012
xref: MA:0001362
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.251
xref: SCTID:244701002
xref: UMLS:C1708734
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg/200px-Illu_long_bone.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Long_Bone_Epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
property_value: external_definition "Cartilaginous expansion at the distal end of an anterior rib or transverse process that serves for the attachment of muscles suspending the pectoral girdle to the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epiphyseal" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epiphysial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001438
name: metaphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the proximal or distal end of diaphysis next to the epiphysis; together with diaphysis proper, it constitutes the diaphysis. Examples: proximal metaphysis of humerus, distal metaphysis of femur.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Metaphysis]
comment: adjacent to or containing epiphyseal plate? Note in FMA the metaphysis is part of the diaphysis, but not in MA. In the diagram in WP, it appears to be adjacent, not part_of.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "diaphyseal end of long bone" EXACT []
synonym: "long bone metaphysis" EXACT []
synonym: "metaphyses" EXACT PLURAL []
xref: FMA:24014
xref: MA:0001363
xref: SCTID:304581004
xref: UMLS:C0222671
xref: ncithesaurus:Metaphysis
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006861 ! diaphysis proper
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001439
name: compact bone
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Compact/Cortical bone facilitates bone's main functions: to support the body, protect organs, provide levers for movement, and store and release chemical elements, mainly calcium. As its name implies, cortical bone forms the cortex, or outer shell, of most bones. Again, as its name implies, compact bone is much denser than cancellous bone, which is the other type of osseous tissue. Furthermore, it is harder, stronger and stiffer than cancellous bone. Cortical bone contributes about 80% of the weight of a human skeleton. The primary anatomical and functional unit of cortical bone is the osteon.." [Wikipedia:Compact_bone]
comment: MP distinguishes compact/cortical bone. in other AOs they are syns
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bony cortex" EXACT [HP:0002753]
synonym: "compact bone tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "cortical bone" EXACT []
synonym: "cortical bone tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "cortical region of bone" EXACT []
synonym: "substantia compacta (pars ossea)" EXACT []
synonym: "substantia corticalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24018, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:24018
xref: MA:0001461
xref: SCTID:361728003
xref: UMLS:C0222661
xref: galen:CorticalBone
xref: ncithesaurus:Cortical_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002482 ! lamellar bone
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002483  ! trabecular bone tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001440
name: forelimb skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a free forelimb region. Excludes the pectoral girdle" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: TODO - find a home for: FMA:24139
synonym: "bones of upper limb" EXACT []
synonym: "fore limb skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "forelimb skeleton" EXACT [VHOG:0001256]
synonym: "free upper limb skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24142]
synonym: "ossa membri superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24139, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pectoral limb skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "set of bones of upper limb" EXACT []
synonym: "skeleton of forelimb" EXACT []
synonym: "skeleton of free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24142]
synonym: "skeleton of pectoral limb" EXACT []
synonym: "skeleton of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24139]
synonym: "upper limb skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002222]
synonym: "wing skeleton" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000202
xref: EHDAA2:0002222
xref: FMA:24142
xref: VHOG:0001256
xref: VSAO:0000151
xref: XAO:0003061
is_a: UBERON:0004381  ! skeleton of limb
is_a: UBERON:0007272  ! pectoral appendage skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012475 ! skeleton of pectoral complex
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
property_value: has_no_connections_with UBERON:0001441
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal structure of the paired, anterior appendages.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001441
name: hindlimb skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb region." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: TOOD - find a home for: FMA:24140
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bones of lower limb" EXACT []
synonym: "free lower limb skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24144]
synonym: "hind limb skeleton" EXACT [XAO:0003062]
synonym: "hind-limb skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000152]
synonym: "hindlimb skeleton" EXACT [VHOG:0001255]
synonym: "lower limb skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "ossa membri inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24140, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of bones of lower limb" EXACT []
synonym: "skeleton of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24144]
synonym: "skeleton of lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24140]
xref: AAO:0000217
xref: EHDAA2:0002226
xref: FMA:24144
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZcKkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: VHOG:0001255
xref: VSAO:0000152
xref: XAO:0003062
is_a: UBERON:0004381  ! skeleton of limb
is_a: UBERON:0007273  ! pelvic appendage skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012476 ! skeleton of pelvic complex
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal structure of the paired, posterior appendages.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001442
name: skeleton of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a manus, which is the distal section of the anterior forelimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the wrist, palm, and fingers)[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:MAH, UBERON:cjm]
comment: here 'manus' includes both the wrist region and hand proper
synonym: "anterior autopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005020, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "anterior autopodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "bones of hand" EXACT [FMA:24159]
synonym: "fore autopod skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "forelimb autopod skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "hand region skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002227]
synonym: "hand skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24159]
synonym: "manual skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "manus" RELATED [VSAO:0005020, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "manus skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "ossa manus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24159, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of bones of hand" EXACT [FMA:24159]
synonym: "skeleton of hand" EXACT [FMA:24159]
xref: EHDAA2:0002227
xref: FMA:24159
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdHPJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: VSAO:0005020
is_a: UBERON:0006717  ! autopodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: implements_design_pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001443
name: chest
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the neck by the plane of the superior thoracic aperture and from the abdomen internally by the inferior surface of the diaphragm and externally by the costal margin and associated with the thoracic vertebral column and ribcage and from the back of the thorax by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines; together with the abdomen and the perineum, it constitutes the trunk proper[FMA]." [FMA:9576, Wikipedia:Chest]
comment: editor note - FMA:24216 present in FMA1, but gone in subsequent versions
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior chest" EXACT [FMA:24816]
synonym: "anterior thoracic region" EXACT []
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT []
synonym: "front of chest" EXACT [FMA:24816]
synonym: "front of thorax" EXACT []
synonym: "pectus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24816, FMA:TA]
synonym: "thoracic body wall" RELATED [MA:0000031]
synonym: "thorax" RELATED LATIN [FMA:9576, Wikipedia:Chest]
synonym: "ventral part of thoracic region" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001368
xref: EFO:0000965
xref: EV:0100010
xref: FMA:9576
xref: GAID:91
xref: MA:0000031
xref: MAT:0000295
xref: MESH:A01.911
xref: MIAA:0000295
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVikFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0817096
xref: UMLS:C1527391
xref: galen:Chest
xref: galen:Thorax
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Chest.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Chest.jpg/200px-Chest.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Chest
xref: ncithesaurus:Thorax
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000916

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001444
name: subdivision of head
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "head region" EXACT []
synonym: "head subdivision" EXACT []
synonym: "region of head" EXACT []
xref: FMA:24218
xref: SCTID:123852005
xref: XAO:0000040
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001445
name: skeleton of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a pes, which is the distal section of the posterior hindlimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the ankle, sole, and toes)[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:MAH, UBERON:cjm]
comment: here 'pes' includes both the ankle region and foot proper
synonym: "foot region skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002228]
synonym: "foot skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24222]
synonym: "pedal skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "pes" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0005021, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "pes skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior autopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005021, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "posterior autopodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "set of bones of foot" EXACT [FMA:24222]
synonym: "skeleton of foot" EXACT [FMA:24222]
xref: EHDAA2:0002228
xref: FMA:24222
xref: VSAO:0005021
is_a: UBERON:0006717  ! autopodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
property_value: implements_design_pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001446
name: fibula
namespace: uberon
def: "The major postaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Fibula]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AAO:0000891
xref: BTO:0002346
xref: EFO:0003052
xref: EMAPA:18512
xref: EMAPA:19141
xref: FMA:24479
xref: GAID:202
xref: MA:0001360
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.321
xref: SCTID:302529003
xref: UMLS:C0016068
xref: galen:Fibula
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Illu_lower_extremity.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Illu_lower_extremity.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Fibula
is_a: UBERON:0003608  ! hindlimb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0004251  ! hindlimb zeugopod bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010851 ! fibula cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
relationship: postaxial_part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
property_value: external_definition "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the hind-epipodium; it is a rather more slender bone than the tibia but of about the same length.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "fibular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001447
name: tarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of the tarsal skeleton. Examples: calcaneus, talus, centralia." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: In primitive tetrapods, such as Trematops, the tarsus consists of three rows of bones. There are three proximal tarsals, the tibiale, intermedium, and fibulare, named for their points of articulation with the bones of the lower limb. These are followed by a second row of four bones, referred to as the centralia (singular: centrale), and then a row of five distal tarsals, each articulating with a single metatarsal. In the great majority of tetrapods, including all of those alive today, this simple pattern is modified by the loss and fusion of various of the bones.[3] In reptiles and mammals, there are normally just two proximal tarsals, the calcaneus (equivalent to the amphibian fibulare) and the talus (probably derived from a fusion of multiple bones). In mammals, including humans, the talus forms a hinge joint with the tibia, a feature especially well developed in the artiodactyls. The calcaneus is also modified, forming a heel for the attachment of the Achilles tendon. Neither of these adaptations is found in reptiles, which have a relatively simple structure to both bones.[3] The fifth distal tarsal disappears relatively early in evolution, with the remainder becoming the cuneiform and cuboid bones. Reptiles usually retain two centralia, while mammals typically have only one (the navicular).[3] In birds, the tarsus has disappeared, with the proximal tarsals having fused with the tibia, the centralia having disappeared, and the distal bones having fused with the metatarsals to form a single tarsometatarsus bone, effectively giving the leg a third segment[Wikipedia:Tarsus_(skeleton)]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ankle bone" EXACT [FMA:24491]
synonym: "bone of ankle" EXACT [FMA:24491]
synonym: "bone of tarsus" EXACT [FMA:24491]
synonym: "bony tarsus" RELATED [BTO:0002343]
synonym: "hind mesopodium" RELATED [AAO:0000220]
synonym: "ossa tarsalia" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71339, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ossa tarsi" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71339, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tarsal" RELATED [BTO:0002343]
synonym: "tarsus osseus" RELATED [BTO:0002343]
xref: BTO:0002343
xref: FMA:24491
xref: GAID:194
xref: MA:0000297
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.300.710
xref: SCTID:108372004
xref: UMLS:C0039316
xref: galen:TarsalBone
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/200px-Ankle_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tarsal_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003656  ! mesopodium bone
is_a: UBERON:0005899  ! pes bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010541 ! tarsus cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001448
name: metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The metatarsus or metatarsal bones are a group of five long bones in the pes located between the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-pes and the phalanges of the toes. Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (side of big toe): the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the manus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metatarsal_bone]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "metatarsal" EXACT []
synonym: "ossa metatarsalia" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0002347]
synonym: "ossa metatarsi" RELATED [BTO:0002347]
xref: BTO:0002347
xref: FMA:24492
xref: GAID:193
xref: MA:0000303
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.300.492
xref: SCTID:302532000
xref: UMLS:C0025584
xref: galen:Metatarsal
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003608  ! hindlimb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0003821  ! metapodium bone
is_a: UBERON:0012359  ! pedal digitopodium bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010545 ! metatarsus skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001449
name: phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004272
def: "A phalanx that is part of a hindlimb autopod[Automatically generated definition]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Phalanges_of_the_foot]
synonym: "digital bone of pes" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus pedis phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot phalanx" EXACT [MA:0000305]
synonym: "pedal phalanx" EXACT []
synonym: "phalanges of hind digit" RELATED PLURAL [AAO:0000930]
synonym: "phalanx of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of hind digit" EXACT []
synonym: "phalanx of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:24493]
synonym: "toe phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000930
xref: FMA:24493
xref: MA:0000305
xref: SCTID:302533005
xref: UMLS:C0584876
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Phalanx
xref: ncithesaurus:Phalanx_of_the_Foot
is_a: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003608  ! hindlimb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0004248  ! pedal digit bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010685 ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010696 ! skeleton of pedal acropodium
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that make the five digits of the pes. The terminal phalanges are much smaller than the proximal and penultimate phalanges. The typical phalangeal formula of the pes, in a medial to lateral sequence, is 2(1)-2-3-4(3)-3(2).[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001450
name: calcaneus
namespace: uberon
def: "The postaxial bone of the proximal tarsals series[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Calcaneus]
comment: synonymous with the fibulare of basal tetrapods.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "calcaneal bone" EXACT [BTO:0002355]
synonym: "calcaneum" EXACT [MA:0001348]
synonym: "fibulare" RELATED [AAO:0000913, ISBN10:0073040584, VSAO:0005016, Wikipedia:Calcaneus]
synonym: "os calcis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24496]
synonym: "os tarsi fibulare" RELATED [BTO:0002355]
xref: BTO:0002355
xref: EMAPA:18501
xref: EMAPA:19134
xref: FMA:24496
xref: MA:0001348
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.300.710.300
xref: SCTID:182099002
xref: UMLS:C0006655
xref: VSAO:0005016
xref: galen:Calcaneum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG/200px-Subtalar_Joint.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Calcaneum
is_a: UBERON:0011679  ! proximal tarsal bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010842 ! calcaneum cartilage condensation
relationship: postaxial_part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton
property_value: has_relational_adjective "calcaneal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001451
name: navicular bone of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "The navicular bone is one of the tarsal bones, found in the pes. It is located on the medial side of the pes, and articulates proximally with the talus, distally with the three cuneiform bones, and occasionally laterally with the cuboid[WP]." [Wikipedia:Navicular_bone]
comment: taxon notes: connections vary depending on species. AAO: Oval tarsal element that is located on the center of the mesopodium. It articulates with all other elements of the tarsus except tarsal 5. In humans: there is a cuboid instead of distal tarsal 4 and 5 - may articulate laterally with the cuboid[WP]. TODO - add correct VSAO xref (currently broken)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "central tarsal bone" RELATED []
synonym: "centrale" BROAD []
synonym: "centrale (hind)" EXACT [AAO:0000924]
synonym: "navicular" EXACT []
synonym: "navicular bone of foot" EXACT [FMA:24499]
synonym: "navicular of foot" EXACT [FMA:24499]
synonym: "navicular of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "os naviculare" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24499, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Navicular_bone]
synonym: "os naviculare pedis" EXACT [BTO:0002356]
xref: AAO:0000924
xref: BTO:0002356
xref: FMA:24499
xref: MA:0001349
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv67esJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182100005
xref: UMLS:C0223947
xref: galen:Navicular
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray276.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray276.png/200px-Gray276.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Navicular_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0012131  ! centrale
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002395 ! talus
property_value: external_definition "Oval tarsal element that is located on the center of the mesopodium. It articulates with all other elements of the tarsus except tarsal 5.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001452
name: distal tarsal bone 1
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 1." [VSAO:0005052, Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cuneiforme 1" EXACT [VSAO:0005052]
synonym: "distal tarsal 1" EXACT [VSAO:0005052]
synonym: "entocuneiforme" EXACT [VSAO:0005052]
synonym: "first cuneiform" EXACT [Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone]
synonym: "first cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24518]
synonym: "foot distal carpal bone 1" RELATED []
synonym: "medial cuneiform" EXACT [FMA:24518]
synonym: "medial cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24518]
synonym: "os cuneiform primum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone]
synonym: "os cuneiforme mediale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone]
synonym: "os cuneiforme primum" RELATED [BTO:0002360]
synonym: "ossa cuneiforme mediale" RELATED [BTO:0002360]
synonym: "tarsal 1" EXACT [AAO:0000918]
xref: AAO:0000918
xref: BTO:0002360
xref: FMA:24518
xref: MA:0001352
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYtfH5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182116007
xref: UMLS:C1512869
xref: VSAO:0005052
xref: galen:MedialCuneiform
xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/450x218xEctocuneiform.gif.pagespeed.ic.kaiuLYQELL.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray290.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray290.png/200px-Gray290.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot
is_a: UBERON:0010721  ! distal tarsal bone
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates with the prehallux, metatarsal I and element Y. It may be fused to tarsal 2.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001453
name: distal tarsal bone 2
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 2." [VSAO:0005053, Wikipedia:Intermediate_cuneiform_bone]
comment: The intermediate cuneiform (also known as second cuneiform / middle cuneiform) is shaped like a wedge, the thin end pointing downwards. It is situated between the other two cuneiforms (the medial and lateral cuneiforms), and articulates with the navicular posteriorly, the second metatarsal anteriorly and with the other cuneiforms on either side. [WP,unvetted]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cuneiforme 2" EXACT [VSAO:0005053]
synonym: "distal tarsal 2" EXACT [VSAO:0005053]
synonym: "foot distal carpal bone 2" RELATED []
synonym: "intermediate cuneiform" EXACT []
synonym: "intermediate cuneiform bone" RELATED [FMA:24519]
synonym: "mesocuneiforme" EXACT [VSAO:0005053]
synonym: "middle cuneiform" EXACT []
synonym: "middle cuneiform bone of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "os cuneiforme intermedium" RELATED [BTO:0002359]
synonym: "os cuneiforme intermedium, os cuneiforme secundum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intermediate_cuneiform_bone]
synonym: "os cuneiforme secundum" RELATED [BTO:0002359]
synonym: "second cuneiform bone" EXACT []
synonym: "second cuneiform bone of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "tarsal 2" EXACT [AAO:0000919]
xref: AAO:0000919
xref: BTO:0002359
xref: FMA:24519
xref: MA:0001353
xref: SCTID:179512006
xref: UMLS:C1513292
xref: VSAO:0005053
xref: galen:IntermediateCuneiform
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot
is_a: UBERON:0010721  ! distal tarsal bone
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal II. It may be fused to tarsal 1 or to tarsal 3.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001454
name: distal tarsal bone 3
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 3." [VSAO:0005054, Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone]
comment: The lateral cuneiform (also known as third cuneiform / external cuneiform) intermediate in size between the other two cuneiform bones, is also wedge-shaped, the base being uppermost. It occupies the center of the front row of the tarsal bones, between the second cuneiform medially, the cuboid laterally, the navicular posteriorly and the third metatarsal in front. [WP,unvetted]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cuneiforme 3" EXACT [VSAO:0005054]
synonym: "distal tarsal 3" EXACT [VSAO:0005054]
synonym: "ectocuneiforme" EXACT [VSAO:0005054]
synonym: "external cuneiform" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone]
synonym: "external cuneiform bone of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "foor distal carpal bone 3" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral cuneiform" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24520]
synonym: "os cuneiforme laterale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone]
synonym: "os cuneiforme tertium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone]
synonym: "ossa cuneiforme laterale" RELATED [BTO:0002358]
synonym: "tarsal 3" EXACT [AAO:0000920]
synonym: "third cuneiform bone" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000920
xref: BTO:0002358
xref: FMA:24520
xref: MA:0001354
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvoLPu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182117003
xref: UMLS:C1517036
xref: VSAO:0005054
xref: galen:LateralCuneiform
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot
is_a: UBERON:0010721  ! distal tarsal bone
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
property_value: external_comment "In some types, the cuneiform is found as two or three bones, in which case the more anterior ('dorsal' in dorsal/plantar terminology) is the ectocuneiform, while the more posterior or plantar bones are the mesocuneiform and entocuneiform.[Palaeos]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal III. It may be fused to tarsal 2.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001455
name: cuboid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A tarsal bone that is formed from distal tarsals 4 and 5. In the human body, the cuboid bone is one of the seven tarsal bones of the pes. [WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Cuboid_bone]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cuboid" EXACT []
synonym: "cuboideum" EXACT []
synonym: "foot distal carpal bone 4 and 5" RELATED []
synonym: "os cuboideum" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002357, Wikipedia:Cuboid_bone]
xref: BTO:0002357
xref: FMA:24527
xref: MA:0001355
xref: SCTID:182101009
xref: UMLS:C0376381
xref: galen:Cuboid
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Gray274.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Gray274.png/200px-Gray274.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cuboid_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0010721  ! distal tarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001456
name: face
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of head which consists of the facial skeleton and all layers superficial to it[FMA,modified]." [FMA:24728, Wikipedia:Face]
comment: The face develops from outward growth of tissue located rostral to the cranium & pharynx. The lower jaw and most of the upper jaw are formed by growth of the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch. The upper incisor region and the nose and forehead (frontal region) are formed from tissue located rostral to the neural tube (frontonasal prominence)[vanat.cvm.umn.edu/TFFlectPDFs/LectFaceDevelop.pdf]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "facia/facies" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Face]
synonym: "visage" RELATED [BTO:0003369]
xref: BTO:0003369
xref: FMA:24728
xref: GAID:64
xref: HAO:0000316
xref: MA:0002473
xref: MESH:A01.456.505
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi5GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302549007
xref: UMLS:C0015450
xref: galen:Face
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Mona_Lisa_headcrop.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mona_Lisa_headcrop.jpg/200px-Mona_Lisa_headcrop.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Face
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
property_value: has_relational_adjective "facial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001457
name: skin of eyelid
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blepharon zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eyelid skin" EXACT []
synonym: "eyelid zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:24760
xref: MA:0001256
xref: SCTID:245947005
xref: UMLS:C0222088
xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid_Skin
is_a: UBERON:1000021  ! skin of face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001458
name: skin of lip
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a lip [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lip skin" EXACT []
synonym: "lip zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of lips" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "zone of skin of lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:24764
xref: MA:0001579
xref: SCTID:244092005
xref: UMLS:C0222101
xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Lip
is_a: UBERON:0001084  ! skin of head
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001460
name: arm
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the forelimb extending from the shoulder to the autopod[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Arm]
comment: This class refers to the combination of the stylopod and zeugopod of a forelimb. Sometimes (cf FMA), 'arm' denotes the stylopod only; sometimes (cf MA), 'arm' denotes the part of the forelimb covering both (i.e. shoulder to hand). Also note distinction between arm and forelimb: hand is part of forelimb, but not part of arm. Editor note: currently declared as overlapping hand, as AOs disagree over whether some wrist parts are in the arm or hand
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "brachium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arm]
synonym: "upper extremity" RELATED [MESH:A01.378.800]
xref: BTO:0001435
xref: EFO:0001410
xref: EHDAA2:0000140
xref: EHDAA:4164
xref: EHDAA:6210
xref: EHDAA:8275
xref: EMAPA:17413
xref: GAID:52
xref: MA:0000033
xref: MESH:A01.378.800
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.075
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjp5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: VHOG:0000339
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Upperarm.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Upperarm.jpg/200px-Upperarm.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0006058  ! multi-limb segment region
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001461
name: elbow
namespace: uberon
def: "The elbow is the region surrounding the elbow-jointbthe ginglymus or hinge joint in the middle of the arm. Three bones form the elbow joint: the humerus of the upper arm, and the paired radius and ulna of the forearm. The bony prominence at the very tip of the elbow is the olecranon process of the ulna, and the inner aspect of the elbow is called the antecubital fossa. [WP,unvetted,human-specific]." [Wikipedia:Elbow]
comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio cubiti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Elbow]
synonym: "cubital region" EXACT []
synonym: "elbow limb segment" EXACT []
synonym: "elbow region" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0003069
xref: EHDAA2:0000429
xref: EHDAA:4166
xref: EHDAA:6212
xref: EMAPA:17414
xref: FMA:24901
xref: GAID:54
xref: MA:0000036
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.420
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:76248009
xref: VHOG:0000340
xref: galen:Elbow
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Elbow_coude.JPG
is_a: UBERON:0008785  ! upper limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cubital" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001463
name: manual digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "1st (preaxial) digit of the manus[Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Thumb, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2553264]
comment: Not present in Anurans (Phenotype RCN Oct 2012)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "alula" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Alula]
synonym: "digit 1 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17429]
synonym: "digit 1 of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "digitus 1" BROAD []
synonym: "digitus I" BROAD LATIN [Wikipedia:Thumb]
synonym: "digitus primus" BROAD LATIN [Wikipedia:Thumb]
synonym: "digitus primus [I]" BROAD []
synonym: "finger 1" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000511]
synonym: "first digit of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "fore digit I" EXACT [AAO:0010639]
synonym: "fore limb digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 1" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000454, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "manual digit 1" EXACT []
synonym: "pollex" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Thumb]
synonym: "thumb" NARROW SENSU []
xref: AAO:0010639
xref: EHDAA2:0000511
xref: EMAPA:17429
xref: FMA:24938
xref: GAID:58
xref: MA:0000454
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.667.430.705
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjVbpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302540006
xref: UMLS:C0040067
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Thumbs_up.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Thumb-up.jpg/200px-Thumb-up.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_1
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
is_a: UBERON:0006048  ! digit 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012141 ! manual digitopodium region
relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006048  ! digit 1
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: taxon_notes "This class represents the standard tetrapod configuration. Wagner proposes that avian digits I,II,III develop from C2,C3,C4. To support this scheme we have separate classes representing the avian digits (here called alula, manual digit, major digit)." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001464
name: hip
namespace: uberon
def: "The hip region is located lateral to the gluteal region (i.e. the buttock), inferior to the iliac crest, and overlying the greater trochanter of the thigh bone. In adults, three of the bones of the pelvis have fused into the hip bone which forms part of the hip region. The hip joint, scientifically referred to as the acetabulofemoral joint (art. coxae), is the joint between the femur and acetabulum of the pelvis and its primary function is to support the weight of the body in both static (e.g. standing) and dynamic (e.g. walking or running) postures. [WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Hip]
comment: AO notes. See notes for shoulder. in BTO this is part of the abdomen - this creates an inconsistency if limb and abdomen are spatially disjoint
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "coxa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hip]
synonym: "hip region" EXACT [FMA:24964]
synonym: "regio coxae" EXACT [FMA:24964]
xref: BTO:0001457
xref: EFO:0001929
xref: EHDAA2:0000783
xref: EHDAA:5153
xref: EHDAA:6178
xref: EMAPA:17490
xref: FMA:24964
xref: GAID:47
xref: MA:0000045
xref: MESH:A01.378.610.400
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjhy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302543008
xref: UMLS:C0019552
xref: VHOG:0000346
xref: galen:Hip
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Hip.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Hip.jpg/200px-Hip.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hip
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
property_value: has_relational_adjective "coxal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributions of dermal bone. From its first appearance in placoderms, the pelvic girdle is exclusively endoskeletal. It arose from pterygiophores, perhaps several times, in support of the fin.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001465
name: knee
namespace: uberon
def: "A segment of the hindlimb that corresponds to the joint connecting a hindlimb stylopod and zeugopod." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "knee region" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0003595
xref: EFO:0001957
xref: EHDAA2:0000895
xref: EHDAA:5159
xref: EHDAA:6184
xref: EMAPA:17493
xref: FMA:24974
xref: GAID:48
xref: MA:0000046
xref: MESH:A01.378.610.450
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjPKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361291001
xref: VHOG:0000347
xref: galen:Knee
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Male_Knee_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/200px-Male_Knee_by_David_Shankbone.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001466
name: pedal digit
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0000027
def: "A digit that is part of a pes (foot)." [Wikipedia:Toe]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "digit of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digiti pedis" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:70664, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Toe]
synonym: "digitipedis" RELATED [BTO:0002348]
synonym: "digitus pedis" EXACT []
synonym: "foot digit" EXACT [MA:0000048]
synonym: "hind digit" EXACT [XAO:0003035]
synonym: "hind_digit" EXACT [AAO:0000888]
synonym: "hindlimb digit" EXACT []
synonym: "pes digit" EXACT []
synonym: "toe" EXACT [FMA:25046]
xref: AAO:0000888
xref: BTO:0002348
xref: FMA:25046
xref: GAID:44
xref: MA:0000048
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:116667001
xref: UMLS:C0040357
xref: XAO:0003035
xref: galen:Toe
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Toes.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Toe
is_a: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012142 ! pedal digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
property_value: external_definition "One of the toes of the pes.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001467
name: shoulder
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the shoulder joint comprises the part of the body where the humerus attaches to the scapula. The shoulder refers to the group of structures in the region of the joint. It is made up of three bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone) as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints. There are two kinds of cartilage in the joint. The first type is the white cartilage on the ends of the bones (called articular cartilage) which allows the bones to glide and move on each other. When this type of cartilage starts to wear out (a process called arthritis), the joint becomes painful and stiff. The labrum is a second kind of cartilage in the shoulder which is distinctly different from the articular cartilage. This cartilage is more fibrous or rigid than the cartilage on the ends of the ball and socket. Also, this cartilage is also found only around the socket where it is attached. The shoulder must be flexible for the wide range of motion required in the arms and hands and also strong enough to allow for actions such as lifting, pushing and pulling. The compromise between these two functions results in a large number of shoulder problems not faced by other joints such as the hip. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Shoulder]
comment: AO notes: In FMA, the shoulder is part of the pectoral girdle region. in MA, shoulder structures like shoulder joints, bones, nerves etc are part of the shoulder and the forelimb. E.g. humerus is a shoulder bone
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Shoulder]
synonym: "shoulder region" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0003068
xref: EHDAA2:0001834
xref: EHDAA:4180
xref: EHDAA:6228
xref: EMAPA:17421
xref: FMA:25202
xref: GAID:60
xref: MA:0000038
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.750
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361103004
xref: UMLS:C0037004
xref: VHOG:0000342
xref: galen:Shoulder
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Shoulderjoint.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Shoulderjoint.PNG/200px-Shoulderjoint.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Shoulder
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
property_value: homology_notes " (...) endochondral elements of the early tetrapod shoulder develop from two centers of ossification, giving rise to a scapula and a 'coracoid'.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001468
name: intervertebral joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The joint between adjacent vertebral bodies. May be composed of the nucleus pulposus, annular ligament, and the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=87401]
comment: AO notes: FMA has 'intervertebral joint' as a GAT, and has two distinct classes 'intervertebral symphysis' and 'intervertebral syndesmosis', but note that the latter do not connect the centra
synonym: "inter-centrum joint" EXACT []
synonym: "inter-vertebral joint" EXACT []
synonym: "intervertebral symphysis" EXACT [FMA:25511]
synonym: "joint of vertebral body" EXACT [FMA:25511]
synonym: "vertebral joint" BROAD []
xref: FMA:25511
xref: MA:0001514
xref: SCTID:244512000
xref: UMLS:C1182940
xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0002216  ! symphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001075 {cardinality="2"} ! body of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001469
name: sternoclavicular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The sternoclavicular articulation is a double arthrodial joint composed of two portions separated by an articular disc. The parts entering into its formation are the sternal end of the clavicle, the upper and lateral part of the manubrium sterni, and the cartilage of the first rib, visible from the outside as the suprasternal notch. The articular surface of the clavicle is much larger than that of the sternum, and is invested with a layer of cartilage, which is considerably thicker than that on the latter bone. The ligaments of this joint are: Articular capsule Anterior sternoclavicular ligament Posterior sternoclavicular ligament Interclavicular ligament Costoclavicular ligament Articular disk [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sternoclavicular_articulation]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio sternoclavicularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternoclavicular_articulation]
synonym: "sterno clavicular joint" EXACT []
synonym: "sternoclavicular" BROAD [Wikipedia:Sternoclavicular_articulation]
synonym: "sternoclavicular articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sternoclavicular_articulation]
xref: EMAPA:19203
xref: FMA:25883
xref: GAID:270
xref: MA:0001507
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.781
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv_eLJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwI-ZZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182165002
xref: UMLS:C0038291
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Gray325.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Gray325.png/200px-Gray325.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sternoclavicular_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0011108  ! synovial joint of pectoral girdle
is_a: UBERON:0011965  ! saddle joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
relationship: connects UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001470
name: glenohumeral joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The glenohumeral joint, commonly known as the shoulder joint, is a multiaxial synovial ball and socket joint and involves articulation between the glenoid fossa of the scapula (shoulder blade) and the head of the humerus (upper arm bone). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Glenohumeral_joint]
comment: AO notes: in FMA, this is part of the bony pectoral girdle, alongside the skeleton of pectoral girdle. Editor notes: note that in this ontology 'glenoid fossa' is a cavity (consistent with FMA) - consider adding a class for the surface of the scapula that is adjacent to this cavity, and making a more explicit connects relationship
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio humeri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:25912, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Glenohumeral_joint]
synonym: "humeral joint" EXACT [FMA:25912]
synonym: "humeroscapular joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Glenohumeral_joint]
synonym: "joint of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "shoulder joint" EXACT [MA:0000459]
xref: EMAPA:19105
xref: FMA:25912
xref: GAID:269
xref: MA:0000459
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.748
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP32BZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182168000
xref: UMLS:C0037009
xref: VHOG:0001002
xref: galen:ShoulderJoint
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray327.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray327.png/200px-Gray327.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Shoulder_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006657 ! glenoid fossa
relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: connects UBERON:0006849 ! scapula
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006292 ! shoulder joint primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006849 ! scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001471
name: skin of prepuce of penis
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a prepuce of penis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "foreskin of penis" EXACT []
synonym: "foreskin zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "penile prepuce zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "penis foreskin" EXACT []
synonym: "prepuce of penis zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "prepuce zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "preputial skin" EXACT []
synonym: "zone of skin of foreskin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of penile prepuce" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of prepuce" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of prepuce of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EV:0100109
xref: FMA:27648
xref: MA:0001744
xref: SCTID:39059001
xref: VHOG:0001342
is_a: UBERON:0001331  ! skin of penis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001472
name: vaginal venous plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The vaginal plexuses are placed at the sides of the vagina; they communicate with the uterine, vesical, and hemorrhoidal plexuses, and are drained by the vaginal veins, one on either side, into the hypogastric veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_venous_plexus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "plexus venosus vaginalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vaginal_venous_plexus]
synonym: "venous vaginal plexus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:29713
xref: MA:0002257
xref: SCTID:294653003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Gray589.png/200px-Gray589.png
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001593  ! venous plexus
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
intersection_of: UBERON:0001593  ! venous plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001473
name: lymphatic vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A vessel that contains or conveys lymph, that originates as an interfibrillar or intercellular cleft or space in a tissue or organ, and that if small has no distinct walls or walls composed only of endothelial cells and if large resembles a vein in structure[BTO]." [BTO:0000752, Wikipedia:Lymphatic_vessel]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lymph vessel" EXACT []
synonym: "vas lymphaticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lymphatic_vessel]
xref: AAO:0011005
xref: BTO:0000752
xref: EFO:0000873
xref: FMA:30315
xref: MA:0000138
xref: MAT:0000443
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwA1fYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:279089004
xref: TAO:0005105
xref: UMLS:C0229889
xref: VHOG:0001249
xref: XAO:0000375
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Illu_lymph_capillary.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Illu_lymph_capillary.jpg/200px-Illu_lymph_capillary.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_Vessel
is_a: UBERON:0000055  ! vessel
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004536 ! lymph vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006558 ! lymphatic part of lymphoid system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
property_value: external_definition "A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system.  These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal.  They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels.  Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A vessel that contains or conveys lymph.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Tetrapods have evolved distinct lymphatic systems, in which lymphatic capillaries help drain most of the tissues of the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001474
name: bone element
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000057, Wikipedia:Bone]
comment: Alternate definition: Organ with cavitated organ parts, which primarily consists of compact (cortical) and cancellous bone, which surround bone marrow cavities; together with other bones, cartilages and joints, it constitutes the skeletal system. Examples: femur, sternum, maxilla, vertebra, talus[FMA]
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bone" EXACT []
synonym: "bone element" EXACT [VSAO:0000057]
synonym: "bone organ" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000047
xref: AEO:0000082
xref: BTO:0000140
xref: EFO:0000298
xref: EHDAA2:0003082
xref: ENVO:00002039
xref: EV:0100140
xref: FMA:30317
xref: FMA:5018
xref: GAID:92
xref: MA:0001459
xref: MAT:0000299
xref: MIAA:0000299
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViDlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkCG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:90780006
xref: TAO:0001514
xref: UMLS:C0262950
xref: VHOG:0001190
xref: VSAO:0000057
xref: XAO:0000169
xref: ZFA:0001514
xref: galen:Bone
xref: ncithesaurus:Bone
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005090  ! muscle structure
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010538  ! limb/fin segment
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001015
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001630
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002385
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Also called osseous tissue, (Latin: os). Is a type of hard endoskeletal connective tissue found in many vertebrate animals. Bone is the main tissue of body organs that support body structures, protect internal organs, (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; and are involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue which is calcified connective tissue making up the structural elements of the skeletal system.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The 'new animal phylogeny' reveals that many of the groups known to biomineralize sit among close relatives that do not, and it favours an interpretation of convergent or parallel evolution for biomineralization in animals. (...) Whether this 'biomineralization toolkit'of genes reflects a parallel co-option of a common suite of genes or the inheritance of a skeletogenic gene regulatory network from a biomineralizing common ancestor remains an open debate.[debated][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001475
name: obsolete ligament
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
consider: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
comment: made obsolete as it incorrectly grouped classes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001476
name: deltoid
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle of shoulder which attaches to the scapula, clavicle and humerus.[FMA]" [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle]
comment: We use a generic definition that includes the deltoideus as represented in AAO: 'Muscle which originates as three heads, the pars externalis, pars clavicularis, and pars scapularis. The pars externalis originates from the lateral border of the omosternum and inserts on the distal portion of the humerus. The pars clavicularis originates from the ventro-lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The pars scapularis originates from the lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus'.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "common shoulder muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle]
synonym: "deltoid muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle]
synonym: "deltoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle]
synonym: "deltoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle]
synonym: "m. deltoideus" EXACT [AAO:0010716]
synonym: "musculus deltoideus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle]
xref: AAO:0010716
xref: EFO:0001412
xref: EHDAA2:0000339
xref: EMAPA:18177
xref: FMA:32521
xref: MA:0002286
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjdc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181620007
xref: UMLS:C0224234
xref: VHOG:0000846
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Deltoideus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Deltoid
is_a: UBERON:0001482  ! muscle of shoulder
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002498 ! deltopectoral crest
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006849 ! scapula
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002036 ! striated muscle tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006219 ! deltoid pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001112 ! latissimus dorsi muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002498 ! deltopectoral crest
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001124 ! pectoral limb scapula
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002497 ! acromion
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001493 ! axillary nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0006849 ! scapula
property_value: external_definition "Muscle which originates as three heads, the pars externalis, pars clavicularis, and pars scapularis. The pars externalis originates from the lateral border of the omosternum and inserts on the distal portion of the humerus. The pars clavicularis originates from the ventro-lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The pars scapularis originates from the lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001477
name: infraspinatus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Infraspinatus muscle is a thick triangular muscle, which occupies the chief part of the infraspinatous fossa. The infraspinatus is a muscle of the rotator cuff. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Infraspinatus_muscle]
comment: Taxon notes: The pectoral muscles b the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor b evolved from a primitive muscle sheet that connected the coracoid to the humerus. In late reptilians and early mammals, this muscle structure was displaced dorsally; while most of its components evolved into the pectoralis major, some fibers eventually attached to the scapula and evolved into the supraspinatus, the infraspinatus, and parts of the subscapularis.[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "infraspinatus" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus infraspinatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infraspinatus_muscle]
xref: EHDAA2:0000826
xref: EHDAA:8305
xref: EMAPA:18526
xref: FMA:32546
xref: MA:0002323
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwVT4_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:277439009
xref: UMLS:C0584882
xref: VHOG:0000921
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png/200px-Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Infraspinatus
is_a: UBERON:0001482  ! muscle of shoulder
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011187 ! greater tubercle of humerus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006849 ! scapula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003683 ! rotator cuff

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001478
name: teres major muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Teres major is a muscle of the upper limb and one of six scapulohumeral muscles. It is a thick but somewhat flattened muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Teres_major_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus teres major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Teres_major_muscle]
synonym: "teres major" EXACT [MA:0002392]
xref: EHDAA2:0002004
xref: EHDAA:8321
xref: EMAPA:19069
xref: EMAPA:19110
xref: FMA:32549
xref: MA:0002392
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJZqBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:277444002
xref: UMLS:C0224232
xref: VHOG:0000750
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png/200px-Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Teres_Major_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010467  ! teres muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010988 ! teres major pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007175 ! inferior angle of scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001479
name: sesamoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Ossicle that develops within bands of dense, regular connective tissue (e.g., tendons and ligaments). Sesamoids are generally located proximate to a bony prominence, over which the dense regular connective tissue wraps, and/or a joint or articulation." [VSAO:0000137, Wikipedia:Sesamoid_bone]
comment: Sesamoids are often endochondral replacement elements and in addition to bone tissue, may also be composed of articular cartilage, fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, and calcified cartilage.[VSAO]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ossa sesamoidea" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Sesamoid_bone]
synonym: "sesamoid" BROAD []
xref: AEO:0000086
xref: EHDAA2:0003086
xref: FMA:32672
xref: GAID:210
xref: MA:0001375
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.730
xref: SCTID:362914002
xref: UMLS:C0036846
xref: galen:SessamoidBone
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray350.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray350.png/200px-Gray350.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sesamoid_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0013631  ! sesamoid element
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0013631  ! sesamoid element
intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001480
name: proximal carpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A carpal bone that proximally_connected_to a forelimb zeugopod skeleton." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:33302
xref: MA:0002557
xref: SCTID:306715004
is_a: UBERON:0001435  ! carpal bone
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001435  ! carpal bone
intersection_of: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001481
name: distal carpal bone
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: Primitively, each of the distal bones appears to have articulated with a single metacarpal[WP]
synonym: "distal carpal" EXACT [AAO:0000847]
xref: AAO:0000847
xref: FMA:33303
xref: MA:0002558
xref: SCTID:306716003
is_a: UBERON:0001435  ! carpal bone
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Series of elements that articulate with the metacarpals.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001482
name: muscle of shoulder
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "muscle organ of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "shoulder muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "shoulder muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:33531
xref: MA:0000633
is_a: UBERON:0010891  ! pectoral complex muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001483
name: skin of shoulder
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a shoulder region." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
comment: Note in MA this is a subclass of forelimb skin, but this violates part-disjointness in Uberon
synonym: "shoulder skin" EXACT []
synonym: "shoulder zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18059
xref: FMA:34830
xref: MA:0000635
xref: SCTID:244131002
is_a: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001484
name: articular capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "An articular capsule (or joint capsule) is an envelope surrounding a synovial joint. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Articular_capsule]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "capsula articularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:34836, FMA:TA]
synonym: "capsulae articulares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Articular_capsule]
synonym: "fibrous capsule of joint" EXACT []
synonym: "joint capsule" EXACT []
synonym: "joint fibrous capsule" EXACT []
xref: FMA:34836
xref: GAID:263
xref: MA:0001519
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.443
xref: SCTID:182238002
xref: UMLS:C0206207
xref: galen:JointCapsule
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Joint.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Gray299.png/200px-Gray299.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Joint_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0000094  ! membrane organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001485
name: knee joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the femur and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest and most complicated joint in the human body. The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus (i.e. a pivotal hinge joint), which permits flexion and extension as well as a slight medial and lateral rotation. Since in humans the knee supports nearly the whole weight of the body, it is the joint most vulnerable both to acute injury and the development of osteoarthritis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Knee]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio genus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Knee]
synonym: "joint of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0001957
xref: EMAPA:19137
xref: FMA:35175
xref: GAID:114
xref: MA:0000471
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.475
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCuaYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182204005
xref: UMLS:C0022745
xref: VHOG:0001003
xref: galen:KneeJoint
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Knee.agr.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Knee_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0003840  ! hindlimb joint
is_a: UBERON:0011139  ! synovial limb joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006256 ! knee joint primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001486
name: hip joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The hip joint is a synovial joint formed by the articulation of the rounded head of the femur and the cup-like acetabulum of the pelvis. It forms the primary connection between the bones of the lower limb and the axial skeleton of the trunk and pelvis. Both joint surfaces are covered with a strong but lubricated layer called articular hyaline cartilage. The cuplike acetabulum forms at the union of three pelvic bones  b the ilium, pubis, and ischium." [Wikipedia:Hip#Articulation]
comment: Alternate def - \"The articulation between the femur and the innominate bone.\" [BTO:0001502]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio coxofemoralis" EXACT [FMA:35178]
synonym: "coxal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hip]
synonym: "femoro-iliac joint" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001502
xref: EMAPA:19136
xref: FMA:35178
xref: GAID:262
xref: MA:0000470
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.411
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP32b5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182201002
xref: UMLS:C0019558
xref: VHOG:0001001
xref: galen:HipJoint
xref: ncithesaurus:Hip_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0011107  ! synovial joint of pelvic girdle
relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: connects UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006244 ! hip joint primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001487
name: joint of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that is part of a pes [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO check FMA - use the set class for now
synonym: "articulationes pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71349, FMA:TA]
synonym: "foot joint" EXACT []
synonym: "hind limb autopod joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joints of foot" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71349]
synonym: "set of foot joints" EXACT [FMA:71349]
synonym: "set of joints of foot" EXACT [FMA:71349]
xref: FMA:35194
xref: FMA:71349
xref: GAID:256
xref: MA:0000464
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.378
xref: SCTID:244555001
is_a: UBERON:0003840  ! hindlimb joint
is_a: UBERON:0003841  ! autopod joint
is_a: UBERON:0011139  ! synovial limb joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001488
name: ankle joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A joint that connects the hindlimb autopod and zeugopod skeletons." [MESH:A02.835.583.378.062, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Ankle]
comment: Taxon notes: todo - accurately represent different types of ankle joint
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gambrel" NARROW [Wikipedia:Hock_(anatomy)]
synonym: "hock" NARROW [Wikipedia:Hock_(anatomy)]
synonym: "hock joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Hock_(anatomy)]
synonym: "talocrural articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ankle]
synonym: "talocrural joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ankle]
synonym: "talotibial joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Ankle]
xref: BTO:0004706
xref: EFO:0001409
xref: FMA:35195
xref: GAID:257
xref: MA:0000463
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.378.062
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvwiy35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182212002
xref: UMLS:C0003087
xref: galen:AnkleJoint
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/200px-Ankle_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ankle_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001487  ! joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001489
name: manus joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO check FMA - use the set class for now
synonym: "articulationes manus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71345, FMA:TA]
synonym: "hand joint" EXACT []
synonym: "joint of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "joint of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joints of hand" EXACT [FMA:71345]
synonym: "set of joints of hand" EXACT [FMA:71345]
xref: FMA:71345
xref: MA:0000452
xref: SCTID:244546004
is_a: UBERON:0003839  ! forelimb joint
is_a: UBERON:0003841  ! autopod joint
is_a: UBERON:0011139  ! synovial limb joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001490
name: elbow joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A joint that connects the forelimb zeugopod and stylopod skeletons[Obol]. In human anatomy, the elbow joint is a compound joint that actually comprises three separate joints: the joints connecting the upper and lower arm: 1) Articulatio humero-ulnaris and 2) Articulatio humero-radialis as well as the proximal joint connecting the forarm bones: 3) Articulatio radio-ulnaris proximalis[HP]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Elbow]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio cubiti" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "cubital region joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19102
xref: FMA:35289
xref: GAID:253
xref: MA:0000451
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.290
xref: SCTID:182169008
xref: UMLS:C0013770
xref: VHOG:0000997
xref: galen:ElbowJoint
xref: ncithesaurus:Elbow_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0003839  ! forelimb joint
is_a: UBERON:0011139  ! synovial limb joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: connects UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006224 ! elbow joint primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001491
name: wrist joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A joint connecting the forelimb zeugopod skeleton with the carpal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Wrist, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: AO notes: in FMA this includes radio-carpal and radio-ulnar *ligaments*
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "carpal region joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of wrist" EXACT []
synonym: "radiocarpal joint" NARROW INCONSISTENT [FMA:35291]
xref: EMAPA:19205
xref: GAID:274
xref: MA:0000460
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.959
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZD2PJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182178002
xref: UMLS:C1322271
xref: galen:WristJoint
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Human_wrist.png/200px-Human_wrist.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Wrist_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001489  ! manus joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton
relationship: connects UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001492
name: radial nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The radial nerve is a nerve in the human body that supplies the upper limb. It supplies the triceps brachii muscle of the arm, as well as all 12 muscles in the posterior osteofascial compartment of the forearm, as well as the associated joints and overlying skin. It originates from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus with roots from C5, C6, C7, C8 &amp; T1. The radial nerve and its branches supply the dorsal muscles, such as triceps brachii, the extrinsic extensors of the wrist and hands, and the cutaneous nerve supply to most of the back of the hand. (The ulnar nerve cutaneously innervates the back of the little finger and adjacent half of the ring finger). The radial nerve divides into a deep branch (which becomes the posterior interosseous nerve), and continues as the superficial branch which goes on to innervate the dorsum (back) of the hand. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Radial_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nervus radialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Radial_nerve]
xref: EHDAA2:0001584
xref: EHDAA:5650
xref: EMAPA:17278
xref: FMA:37069
xref: GAID:845
xref: MA:0001171
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050.700
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvfk7E5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181011002
xref: UMLS:C0034518
xref: VHOG:0000896
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gray818.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gray818.png/200px-Gray818.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Radial_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003433  ! arm nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001493
name: axillary nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The axillary nerve is a nerve of the human body, that comes off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus at the level of the axilla (armpit) and carries nerve fibers from C5 and C6. The axillary nerve travels through the quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "auxillery nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve]
synonym: "circumflex humeral nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "circumflex nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve]
synonym: "nervus axillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve]
xref: EMAPA:18802
xref: FMA:37072
xref: MA:0001166
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvgwMfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181009006
xref: UMLS:C0228885
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Brachial_plexus_2.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Brachial_plexus.jpg/200px-Brachial_plexus.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Axillary_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003433  ! arm nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001494
name: ulnar nerve
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005668
def: "In human anatomy, the ulnar nerve is a nerve which runs near the ulna bone. The ulnar nerve is the largest unprotected nerve in the human body (meaning, unprotected by muscle or bone), and the only unprotected nerve that does not serve a purely sensory function (those nerves specifically meant to perceive changes in the environment, such as nerves in the skin). This nerve is directly connected to the little finger, and the adjacent half of the ring finger, supplying the palmar side of these fingers, including both front and back of the tips, perhaps as far back as the fingernail beds. One method of injuring the nerve is to strike the medial epicondyle of the humerus from posteriorly, or inferiorly with the elbow flexed. The ulnar nerve is trapped between the bone and the overlying skin at this point. This is commonly referred to as hitting one's 'funny bone. ' This name is thought to be a pun, based on the sound resemblance between the words 'humerus' and 'humourous' . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ulnar_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nervus ulnaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ulnar_nerve]
xref: EHDAA2:0002099
xref: EHDAA:5652
xref: EMAPA:17279
xref: FMA:37319
xref: GAID:846
xref: MA:0001174
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050.850
xref: SCTID:181012009
xref: UMLS:C0041602
xref: VHOG:0000922
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Brachial_plexus_2.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Brachial_plexus.jpg/200px-Brachial_plexus.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Ulnar_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003433  ! arm nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001495
name: pectoral muscle
namespace: uberon
comment: This currently groups the major and minor muscles (which have different attachment sites) as well as the AAO structure: Muscle which is comprised of three heads. The anterior head is the portio epicoracoidea that originates on the epicoracoid cartilage and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The next more posterior head, portio sternalis, originates on the sternum and inserts in the groove next to the deltoid crest of the humerus. The most posterior head, portio abdominalis, arises from the M. rectus abdominis and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "M. pectoralis" EXACT [AAO:0010727]
synonym: "breast muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000023]
synonym: "muscle of pectoral part of chest" EXACT [FMA:37349]
synonym: "muscle of pectoral region" EXACT [FMA:37349]
synonym: "pectoralis" RELATED []
synonym: "pectoralis muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000023]
xref: AAO:0010727
xref: BTO:0000023
xref: FMA:37349
xref: GAID:153
xref: MA:0002423
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.775
xref: SCTID:181621006
xref: UMLS:C0030747
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Pectoralis_major.png/200px-Pectoralis_major.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pectoralis_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003830  ! thoracic segment muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008196  ! muscle of pectoral girdle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010984 ! pectoral pre-muscle mass
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004464 ! musculature of thorax
property_value: external_definition "Muscle which is comprised of three heads. The anterior head is the portio epicoracoidea that originates on the epicoracoid cartilage and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The next more posterior head, portio sternalis, originates on the sternum and inserts in the groove next to the deltoid crest of the humerus. The most posterior head, portio abdominalis, arises from the M. rectus abdominis and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001496
name: ascending aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta[GO]. A portion of the aorta commencing at the upper part of the base of the left ventricle, on a level with the lower border of the third costal cartilage behind the left half of the sternum; it passes obliquely upward, forward, and to the right, in the direction of the heartbs axis, as high as the upper border of the second right costal cartilage, describing a slight curve in its course, and being situated, about 6 cm behind the posterior surface of the sternum. The total length is about 5 cm in length [Wikipedia]" [GO:0035905, Wikipedia:Ascending_aorta]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pars ascendens aortae" EXACT []
synonym: "pars ascendens aortae, aorta ascendens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ascending_aorta]
xref: EHDAA2:0000147
xref: EHDAA:9828
xref: EMAPA:17014
xref: EMAPA:18604
xref: EMAPA:25959
xref: FMA:3736
xref: MA:0002570
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwVFqO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181299009
xref: UMLS:C0003956
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ascending_Aorta
is_a: UBERON:0001515  ! thoracic aorta
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005338 ! outflow tract aortic component
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002061 ! truncus arteriosus
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005432 ! aortic sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001515 ! thoracic aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001497
name: muscle of pelvic girdle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a pelvic girdle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: Note that in MA, this is a subclass of pelvis muscle; in FMA this is a hindlimb muscle, but recall in FMA hindlimb includes the girdle.
synonym: "girdle-pelvic muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of girdle-pelvic" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of pelvic girdle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of pelvic girdle bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic girdle bone muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic girdle muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvic girdle muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:37367
xref: MA:0000537
is_a: UBERON:0010890  ! pelvic complex muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001498
name: muscle of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a pes [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "autopod of hind limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hindlimb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of inferior member muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of lower extremity muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "foot muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of foot" EXACT [FMA:37369]
synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000477
xref: FMA:37369
xref: MA:0000652
xref: SCTID:67240005
is_a: UBERON:0003663  ! hindlimb muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001499
name: muscle of arm
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: See notes on UBERON:0001460 for possible terminological confusion over term 'arm'
synonym: "arm muscle" EXACT [MA:0000594]
synonym: "arm muscle system" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000141]
synonym: "muscle of upper arm or lower arm" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "upper arm / lower arm muscle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EHDAA2:0000141
xref: MA:0000594
is_a: UBERON:0003662  ! forelimb muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001500
name: muscle of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "arm autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of arm muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of brachial region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand muscle" EXACT [MA:0000628]
synonym: "manus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "manus muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of hand" EXACT [FMA:37372]
synonym: "muscle organ of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:37372
xref: MA:0000628
xref: SCTID:110540008
is_a: UBERON:0003662  ! forelimb muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001501
name: lumbrical muscle of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lumbricals are intrinsic muscles of the manus that flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints" [Wikipedia:Lumbricals_of_the_hand]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "hand lumbrical" EXACT []
synonym: "hand lumbrical muscle" EXACT [MA:0002316]
synonym: "lumbrical of hand" EXACT [FMA:37385]
synonym: "musculi lumbricales manus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Lumbricals_of_the_hand]
xref: FMA:37385
xref: MA:0002316
xref: SCTID:181654008
is_a: UBERON:0001500  ! muscle of manus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001523 ! flexor digitorum profundus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001502
name: interosseous muscle of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "An interosseus muscle that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "hand interosseous muscle" EXACT [MA:0002313]
synonym: "interosseous muscle of hand" EXACT [FMA:37417]
synonym: "manus interosseous muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:37417
xref: MA:0002313
xref: SCTID:265804003
xref: UMLS:C0224295
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Interosseous_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001500  ! muscle of manus
is_a: UBERON:0006508  ! interosseus muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006508  ! interosseus muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001503
name: dorsal interosseous of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal interossei of the hand are muscles that occupy the space between the metacarpals. There are four dorsal interossei in each hand. They are specified as 'dorsal' to contrast them with the palmar interossei, which are located on the anterior side of the metacarpals. The dorsal interosseous muscles are bipennate, with each muscle arising by two heads from the adjacent sides of the metacarpal bones, but more extensively from the metacarpal bone of the finger into which the muscle is inserted. They are inserted into the bases of the proximal phalanges and into the extensor expansion of the corresponding extensor digitorum tendon. The middle digit has two dorsal interossei insert onto it while the first digit (thumb) and the fifth digit (little finger) have none[WP]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_interossei_muscles_(hand)]
synonym: "dorsal hand interosseus muscle" EXACT [MA:0002314]
synonym: "dorsal interosseous of hand" EXACT [FMA:37418]
synonym: "dorsal manus interosseus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculi interossei dorsales manus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:37418
xref: MA:0002314
xref: SCTID:245002007
xref: UMLS:C1744530
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Hand_Interosseous_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001502  ! interosseous muscle of manus
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010544 ! metacarpus skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001504
name: lumbrical muscle of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "The lumbricals are four small skeletal muscles, accessory to the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus and numbered from the medial side of the pes; they arise from these tendons, as far back as their angles of division, each springing from two tendons, except the first." [Wikipedia:Lumbricals_of_the_foot]
synonym: "foot lumbrical" EXACT [FMA:37453]
synonym: "foot lumbrical muscle" EXACT [MA:0002305]
synonym: "lumbrical of foot" EXACT [FMA:37453]
synonym: "pes lumbrical" EXACT []
synonym: "pes lumbrical muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:37453
xref: MA:0002305
xref: SCTID:181715003
is_a: UBERON:0001498  ! muscle of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001506
name: brachialis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The brachialis (brachialis anticus) is a muscle in the upper arm that flexes the elbow joint. It lies just deep of the biceps brachii, and is a synergist that assists the biceps brachii in flexing at the elbow. It makes up part of the floor of the region known as the cubital fossa. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachialis_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Casserio's muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "brachialis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachialis_muscle]
synonym: "brachialis anticus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachialis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus brachialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachialis_muscle]
xref: EHDAA2:0000181
xref: EHDAA:8281
xref: EMAPA:19068
xref: EMAPA:19109
xref: FMA:37667
xref: MA:0002271
xref: SCTID:244982000
xref: UMLS:C0224240
xref: VHOG:0001026
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Brachialis.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Brachialis.png/200px-Brachialis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Brachialis
is_a: UBERON:0001499  ! muscle of arm
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010994 ! coronoid process of ulna
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003724 ! musculocutaneous nerve
property_value: external_definition "A muscle of the stylopodium, covering the distal half of the humerus and the anterior part of the elbow joint. It functions to flex the zeugopodium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001508
name: arch of aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "begins at the level of the upper border of the second sternocostal articulation of the right side, and runs at first upward, backward, and to the left in front of the trachea; it is then directed backward on the left side of the trachea and finally passes downward on the left side of the body of the fourth thoracic vertebra, at the lower border of which it becomes continuous with the descending aorta[WP]." [Wikipedia:Arch_of_aorta]
comment: Usage notes: Do not confuse with aortic arch; check EHDAA2. Taxon notes: birds have right aortic arch, mammals left.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "aortic arch" RELATED [FMA:3768]
synonym: "arcus aortae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:3768, FMA:TA]
synonym: "thoracic aorta" RELATED [GAID:471]
xref: BTO:0000157
xref: EFO:0002526
xref: EHDAA2:0000132
xref: EMAPA:17613
xref: EMAPA:18602
xref: FMA:3768
xref: GAID:471
xref: MA:0000475
xref: SCTID:181300001
xref: VHOG:0001196
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001515  ! thoracic aorta
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003121 ! aortic arch 4
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005432 ! aortic sac
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005613 ! left dorsal aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001515 ! thoracic aorta
property_value: external_definition "The curving portion between the ascending aorta and the descending aorta, giving rise to the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The double systemic arch arches (left and right) present in amphibians and reptiles become reduced to a single systemic arch - the right in birds, the left in mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001510
name: skin of knee
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "knee skin" EXACT []
synonym: "knee zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18151
xref: FMA:37800
xref: MA:0000668
xref: SCTID:181552001
xref: UMLS:C0222275
xref: ncithesaurus:Knee_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0001511  ! skin of leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001511
name: skin of leg
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "leg skin" EXACT []
synonym: "leg zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18156
xref: EMAPA:18159
xref: FMA:37828
xref: MA:0000674
xref: UMLS:C0222279
xref: ncithesaurus:Leg_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0003532  ! hindlimb skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001512
name: skin of ankle
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of an ankle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ankle skin" EXACT []
synonym: "ankle zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tarsal region skin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "zone of skin of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:37831
xref: MA:0000641
xref: SCTID:181560000
xref: UMLS:C0222286
xref: ncithesaurus:Ankle_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0001513  ! skin of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001513
name: skin of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a pes [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "autopod of hind limb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hindlimb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of inferior member zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of lower extremity zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot skin" EXACT []
synonym: "foot zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb autopod zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb autopod zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member autopod zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity autopod zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of foot" EXACT [FMA:37834]
synonym: "skin of hind-paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:18504]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18504
xref: FMA:37834
xref: MA:0000654
xref: SCTID:181529000
xref: UMLS:C0222289
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0003532  ! hindlimb skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001514
name: descending aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "The descending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries[GO]. The descending aorta is part of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. The descending aorta is the part of the aorta beginning at the aortic arch that runs down through the chest and abdomen. The descending aorta is divided into two portions, the thoracic and abdominal, in correspondence with the two great cavities of the trunk in which it is situated. Within the abdomen, the descending aorta branches into the two common iliac arteries which serve the legs. [WP,unvetted]." [GO:0035906, Wikipedia:Descending_aorta]
comment: Development notes: results from fusion of left and right dorsal aortae
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "aorta descendens" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_aorta]
synonym: "pars descendens aortae" EXACT [FMA:3784]
synonym: "pars descendens aortae, aorta descendens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Descending_aorta]
xref: EMAPA:18605
xref: FMA:3784
xref: MA:0002571
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv4EE35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:261399002
xref: UMLS:C0011666
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Descending_Aorta
is_a: UBERON:0005800  ! segment of aorta
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005613 ! left dorsal aorta
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005622 ! right dorsal aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001515
name: thoracic aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "The thoracic aorta is contained in the posterior mediastinal cavity. It begins at the lower border of the fourth thoracic vertebra where it is continuous with the aortic arch, and ends in front of the lower border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra, at the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm where it becomes the abdominal aorta. At its commencement, it is situated on the left of the vertebral column; it approaches the median line as it descends; and, at its termination, lies directly in front of the column. The vessel describes a curve which is concave forward; as the branches given off from it are small, its diminution in size is insignificant. It has a radius of approximately 1.16 cm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_aorta]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "aorta thoracalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracic_aorta]
synonym: "pars thoracica aortae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracic_aorta]
synonym: "thoracic part of aorta" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000157
xref: EFO:0002525
xref: EMAPA:18603
xref: FMA:3786
xref: GAID:471
xref: MA:0002569
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.056.372
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rveb9TpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302510009
xref: UMLS:C1522460
xref: galen:ThoracicAorta
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray530.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gray530.png/200px-Gray530.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Aorta
is_a: UBERON:0005800  ! segment of aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0005800  ! segment of aorta
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001516
name: abdominal aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "Abdominal part of aorta: the distal part of the descending aorta, which is the continuation of the thoracic part and gives rise to the inferior phrenic, lumbar, median sacral, superior and inferior mesenteric, middle suprarenal, renal, and testicular or ovarian arteries, and celiac trunk[BTO]. The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta(of the thorax). [WP,unvetted]." [BTO:0002976, Wikipedia:Abdominal_aorta]
comment: Editors note: Many of the branches of the abdominal aorta in mammals may be branches of the dorsal aorta in other vertebrates
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "abdominal part of aorta" EXACT [BTO:0002976, FMA:3789]
synonym: "aorta abdominalis" RELATED [BTO:0002976]
synonym: "descending abdominal aorta" EXACT [FMA:3789]
synonym: "pars abdominalis aortae" EXACT [BTO:0002976, FMA:3789]
synonym: "pars abdominalis aortae, aorta abdominalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abdominal_aorta]
xref: BTO:0002976
xref: EFO:0002524
xref: EMAPA:17856
xref: EMAPA:18607
xref: FMA:3789
xref: GAID:470
xref: MA:0000474
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.056.205
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYhWCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244231007
xref: UMLS:C0003484
xref: galen:AbdominalAorta
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Gray531.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray531.png/200px-Gray531.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Aorta
is_a: UBERON:0005800  ! segment of aorta
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001514 ! descending aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001517
name: skin of elbow
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003399
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a elbow [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "cubital region zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elbow skin" EXACT []
synonym: "elbow zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18051
xref: FMA:38250
xref: MA:0000610
xref: SCTID:181534001
xref: UMLS:C0222213
xref: ncithesaurus:Elbow_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0002427  ! arm skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001518
name: skin of wrist
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "carpal region zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wrist skin" EXACT []
synonym: "wrist zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:38280
xref: MA:0000638
xref: SCTID:181540008
xref: UMLS:C0222223
xref: ncithesaurus:Wrist_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0001519  ! skin of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001519
name: skin of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "hand skin" EXACT [MA:0000630]
synonym: "manus skin" EXACT []
synonym: "skin of fore-paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:18486]
synonym: "skin of hand" EXACT [FMA:38295]
xref: EMAPA:18486
xref: FMA:38295
xref: MA:0000630
xref: SCTID:181527003
xref: UMLS:C0222224
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0003531  ! forelimb skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001520
name: pronator teres
namespace: uberon
def: "The pronator teres is a muscle of the human body (located mainly in the forearm) that, along with the pronator quadratus, serves to pronate the forearm (turning it so the palm faces posteriorly). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pronator_teres_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus pronator teres" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pronator_teres_muscle]
synonym: "pronator teres muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pronator_teres_muscle]
xref: FMA:38450
xref: MA:0002357
xref: SCTID:302514000
xref: UMLS:C0224249
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Pronator-teres.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Pronator-teres.png/200px-Pronator-teres.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pronator_Teres
is_a: UBERON:0003662  ! forelimb muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0003228 ! supinator muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001028 ! diaphysis of radius
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006806 ! entepicondyle of humerus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010994 ! coronoid process of ulna
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001148 ! median nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001521
name: flexor carpi radialis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle of the forearm that acts to flex and abduct the manus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_carpi_radialis_muscle]
comment: AO notes - we group the AAO class here, despite the different insertion site - requires vetting \"Muscle which originates on the inner border of the humerus and inserts on the carpus.\" [AAO:0010733]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "flexor carpi radialis" EXACT [MA:0002297]
xref: AAO:0010733
xref: FMA:38459
xref: MA:0002297
xref: SCTID:361816002
xref: UMLS:C0224252
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Flexor-carpi-radialis.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flexor-carpi-radialis.png/200px-Flexor-carpi-radialis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Carpi_Radialis
is_a: UBERON:0000366  ! flexor muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004254  ! forelimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006806 ! entepicondyle of humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
property_value: external_definition "Muscle which originates on the inner border of the humerus and inserts on the carpus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001522
name: flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (FCU) is a muscle of the human forearm that acts to flex and adduct the manus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle]
comment: AO notes: AAO has a class with the same name, the exact insertion point is unclear; consider grouping \"Muscle which originates from the medial condyle of the humerus and inserts on the carpus.\" [AAO:0010734]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "flexor carpi ulnaris" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle]
synonym: "musculus flexor carpi ulnaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle]
xref: FMA:38465
xref: MA:0002298
xref: SCTID:244985003
xref: UMLS:C0224254
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/FCU.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/FCU.png/200px-FCU.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Carpi_Ulnaris
is_a: UBERON:0000366  ! flexor muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004254  ! forelimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001429 ! pisiform
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006806 ! entepicondyle of humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001523
name: flexor digitorum profundus
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the flexor digitorum profundus is a muscle in the forearm that flexes the fingers. It is considered to be an extrinsic muscle because its action is at a different location than the main body of the muscle. Flexor digitorum profundus, along with flexor digitorum superficialis have long tendons that run down the arm and through the carpal tunnel and attach to the palmar side of the phalanges of the fingers. This muscle originates from the upper 3/4ths anterior and medial side of the ulna. Flexor digitorum profundus lies deep to superficialis, but it attaches more distally. To get around this problem profundus's tendons go through the tendons of superficialis, and end up attaching to the distal phalanx. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_profundus_muscle]
comment: Note that in EMAPA, this is part of the leg, which is presumably a mistake
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "flexor digitorum profundus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_profundus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus flexor digitorum profundus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_profundus_muscle]
xref: BTO:0001246
xref: EMAPA:19319
xref: FMA:38478
xref: MA:0002300
xref: UMLS:C0224261
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Flexor-digitorum-profundis.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flexor-digitorum-profundis.png/200px-Flexor-digitorum-profundis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Digitorum_Profundus
is_a: UBERON:0000366  ! flexor muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004255  ! forelimb stylopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0007612 ! extensor digitorum communis
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001010 ! diaphysis of ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001524
name: extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Extensor carpi radialis longus is one of the five main muscles that control movements at the wrist. This muscle is quite long, starting on the lateral side of the humerus, and attaching to the base of the second metacarpal bone (metacarpal of the index finger). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_radialis_longus_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "extensor carpi radialis longus" EXACT [MA:0002291]
synonym: "musculus extensor carpi radialis longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_radialis_longus_muscle]
xref: FMA:38494
xref: MA:0002291
xref: SCTID:244990000
xref: UMLS:C0224266
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/ECR-longus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/ECR-longus.png/200px-ECR-longus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Carpi_Radialis_Longus
is_a: UBERON:0011867  ! extensor carpi radialis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001492 ! radial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001525
name: extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Extensor carpi radialis brevis is shorter and thicker than the extensor carpi radialis longus. The longus muscle can be found above the distal end of the Extensor carpi radialis brevis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_radialis_brevis_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "extensor carpi radialis brevis" EXACT [MA:0002290]
synonym: "musculus extensor carpi radialis brevis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_radialis_brevis_muscle]
xref: FMA:38497
xref: MA:0002290
xref: SCTID:244991001
xref: UMLS:C0224267
xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Carpi_Radialis_Brevis
is_a: UBERON:0011867  ! extensor carpi radialis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 ! ectepicondyle of humerus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001492 ! radial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001526
name: extensor carpi ulnaris muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Extensor carpi ulnaris is a muscle located in the forearm that acts to extend and adduct the wrist. Being an extensor muscle, extensor carpi ulnaris is on the posterior side of the forearm. [WP]." [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle]
comment: Taxon notes: Amphibians - def: \"Muscle of the forearm: It shares a common origin with two other muscles of the forearm. It arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus by two tendons: the first one is in common with the m. extensor digitorum communis longus, and the second one is broad and in common with the m. epicondylocubitalis. It is pinnately attached to the dorsal surface of the distal carpal 5-4-3.\" [AAO:0010281]. Note that we make the insertion relationship a GCI until digit numbering issues are resolved
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ECU muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "extensor carpi ulnaris" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus extensor carpi ulnaris" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010281
xref: FMA:38506
xref: MA:0002292
xref: SCTID:244992008
xref: UMLS:C0224272
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Extensor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray418.png/200px-Gray418.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Carpi_Ulnaris
is_a: UBERON:0011024  ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 ! ectepicondyle of humerus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001492 ! radial nerve
property_value: external_definition "Muscle of the forearm: It shares a common origin with two other muscles of the forearm. It arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus by two tendons: the first one is in common with the m. extensor digitorum communis longus, and the second one is broad and in common with the m. epicondylocubitalis. It is pinnately attached to the dorsal surface of the distal carpal 5-4-3.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001527
name: abductor pollicis longus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Abductor pollicis longus lies immediately below the Supinator and is sometimes united with it. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_longus_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "abductor pollicis longus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_longus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus abductor pollicis longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_longus_muscle]
xref: FMA:38515
xref: MA:0002266
xref: SCTID:256671001
xref: UMLS:C0224278
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray1231.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray1231.png/200px-Gray1231.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Abductor_Pollicis_Longus
is_a: UBERON:0011534  ! abductor pollicis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002962 ! adductor pollicis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001528
name: radio-ulnar joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A joint that connects the radius and the ulna. Examples: proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints" [UBERON:cjm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulation of the radus and ulna" EXACT []
synonym: "radioulnar articulation" RELATED []
synonym: "radioulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:38863]
xref: EMAPA:19206
xref: FMA:38863
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlO2nJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:264167003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Forearm_labeled.png/200px-Forearm_labeled.png
is_a: UBERON:0011968  ! radio-carpal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001424 ! ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001529
name: brachiocephalic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The brachiocephalic artery (or brachiocephalic trunk or innominate artery) is an artery of the mediastinum that supplies blood to the right arm and the head and neck. It is the first branch of the aortic arch, and soon after it emerges, the brachiocephalic artery divides into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery. There is no brachiocephalic artery for the left side of the body. The left common carotid, and the left subclavian artery, come directly off the aortic arch. However, there are two brachiocephalic veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_artery]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "brachiocephalic trunk" EXACT [MA:0001922]
synonym: "innominate" BROAD []
synonym: "innominate artery" EXACT []
synonym: "truncus brachiocephalicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:3932, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_artery]
xref: EFO:0002550
xref: EHDAA2:0000835
xref: EMAPA:17615
xref: FMA:3932
xref: GAID:476
xref: MA:0001922
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.145
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9mMTpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244244002
xref: UMLS:C0006094
xref: galen:BrachioCephalicArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Innominate_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001508 ! arch of aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007204 ! brachiocephalic vasculature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001530
name: common carotid artery plus branches
namespace: uberon
def: "A bilaterally paired branched artery that originates from the aortic arches and divides into and includes as parts the internal and external carotid arteries[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Common_carotid_artery]
comment: Editor notes: we follow the FMA and treat the artery as a tree-structure - here we include the internal and external as parts. For the part that excludes the branches, see 'trunk of common carotid artery'. Development notes: in birds and reptiles, develops from arch III and parts of ventral and dorsal aortae
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "a. carotis communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_carotid_artery]
synonym: "carotid artery" BROAD [FMA:3939]
synonym: "carotid artery system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000217]
synonym: "common carotid artery" EXACT INCONSISTENT [FMA:3939]
synonym: "trunk of common carotid tree" EXACT [FMA:3939]
xref: EHDAA2:0000217
xref: EHDAA:7331
xref: EMAPA:17855
xref: FMA:3939
xref: GAID:479
xref: MA:0001926
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.186.200
xref: SCTID:362041005
xref: UMLS:C0162859
xref: VHOG:0000272
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Carotid_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001531
name: right common carotid artery plus branches
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the common carotid artery is an artery that supplies the head and neck with oxygenated blood; it divides in the neck to form the external and internal carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Right_common_carotid_artery]
comment: Editor notes: placement of the MA class here is not strictly correct, as the MA class does not include the branches
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "right common carotid artery" EXACT [FMA:3941, MA:0001928]
synonym: "trunk of right common carotid tree" EXACT [FMA:3941]
xref: FMA:3941
xref: MA:0001928
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW9-AqgEEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvg7rcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362042003
xref: UMLS:C0226086
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Common_Carotid_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001530  ! common carotid artery plus branches

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001532
name: internal carotid artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the internal carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck that helps supply blood to the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_carotid_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ICA" RELATED []
synonym: "arteria carotis interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_carotid_artery]
xref: AAO:0011054
xref: BTO:0004697
xref: EFO:0001952
xref: EHDAA2:0000873
xref: EHDAA:408
xref: EHDAA:6389
xref: EMAPA:16328
xref: EMAPA:18612
xref: FMA:3947
xref: GAID:481
xref: MA:0001930
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.186.200.230
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYx8KZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362045001
xref: TAO:0005081
xref: UMLS:C0007276
xref: VHOG:0000267
xref: XAO:0000366
xref: ZFA:0005081
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray513.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray513.png/200px-Gray513.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Carotid_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005396  ! carotid artery segment
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches
property_value: external_definition "Each of two arteries starting at the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries through which blood circulates to many structures and organs in the head. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of the major arteries of the head, it is the as the cranial continuation of the aortic arches and the dorsal aorta. It curves ventrally before resuming a dorsal course as it enters the head proper, and it lies ventral to the internal jugular vein. The internal carotid artery gives off palatine, ophthalmic, and cerebral branches by stage NF stage 41.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001533
name: subclavian artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two laterally paired arteries that supplies the pectoral appendages, usually branching from the dorsal aorta" [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Subclavian_artery]
comment: Editors notes: Developmental relationships should be added (intersegmental artery and right dorsal aorta in EHDAA2, occipitovertebral artery in XAO)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: unverified_taxonomic_grouping  ! Indicates that the class encompasses classes from other AOs that have not been verified
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "PA" RELATED []
synonym: "arteria subclavia" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Subclavian_artery, XAO:0000365]
synonym: "arterial tree of upper limb" EXACT []
synonym: "pectoral artery" EXACT []
synonym: "subclavian arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010232
xref: EHDAA2:0001933
xref: EHDAA:4357
xref: EMAPA:17617
xref: FMA:3951
xref: GAID:511
xref: MA:0002045
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.839
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvp8u1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:265790007
xref: TAO:0005086
xref: UMLS:C0038530
xref: XAO:0000365
xref: ZFA:0005086
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Subclavian_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
property_value: external_definition "Artery which supplies blood via branches to the various muscles of the shoulder region and to the forelimb.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "In human anatomy, the subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. It is located below the clavicle, hence the name. There is a left subclavian and a right subclavian. On the left side of the body, the subclavian comes directly off the arch of aorta. On the right side of the body, the subclavian arises from the relatively short brachiocephalic artery (trunk) when it bifurcates into the subclavian and the right common carotid artery. The usual branches of the subclavian on both sides of the body are the vertebral artery, the internal thoracic artery, the thyrocervical trunk, the costocervical trunk and the dorsal scapular artery. The subclavian becomes the axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib[WP]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The pectoral (subclavian) arteries originate from the dorsal aorta and  takes the blood outward into the fin from the paired portion of the dorsal aorta posterior to the last aortic arch.  Kimmel et al. 1993[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001534
name: right subclavian artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. It is located below the clavicle, hence the name. There is a left subclavian and a right subclavian. On the left side of the body, the subclavian comes directly off the arch of aorta. On the right side of the body, the subclavian arises from the relatively short brachiocephalic artery (trunk) when it bifurcates into the subclavian and the right common carotid artery. The usual branches of the subclavian on both sides of the body are the vertebral artery, the internal thoracic artery, the thyrocervical trunk, the costocervical trunk and the dorsal scapular artery. The subclavian becomes the axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subclavian_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EHDAA2:0004514
xref: FMA:3953
xref: MA:0002047
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW7hwqgEEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvp8u1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244246000
xref: UMLS:C0226261
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Subclavian_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001533  ! subclavian artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001529 ! brachiocephalic artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001535
name: vertebral artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The vertebral arteries are branches of the subclavian arteries. The two vertebral arteries and the basilar artery are sometimes together called the vertebrobasilar system, which supplies blood to the posterior part of circle of Willis and anastomoses with blood supplied to the anterior part of the circle of Willis from the carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arteria vertebralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vertebral_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0002192
xref: EHDAA:5328
xref: EMAPA:17314
xref: FMA:3956
xref: GAID:518
xref: MA:0002077
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.955
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvg_ir5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181323003
xref: TAO:0005033
xref: UMLS:C0042559
xref: VHOG:0000263
xref: ZFA:0005033
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Vertebral_artery.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Vertebral_artery.png/200px-Vertebral_artery.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0002458  ! spinal artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001533 ! subclavian artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001536
name: left common carotid artery plus branches
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the common carotid artery is an artery that supplies the head and neck with oxygenated blood; it divides in the neck to form the external and internal carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_common_carotid_artery]
comment: Editor notes: placement of the MA class here is not strictly correct, as the MA class does not include the branches
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "left common carotid artery" EXACT [FMA:4058, MA:0001927]
synonym: "trunk of left common carotid tree" EXACT [FMA:4058]
xref: FMA:4058
xref: MA:0001927
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rdz4xcLVIEduAAAAOpmP6tw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvg7rcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362043008
xref: UMLS:C0226087
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Common_Carotid_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001530  ! common carotid artery plus branches

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001537
name: anterior tibial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior tibial artery of the lower limb carries blood to the anterior compartment of the leg and dorsal surface of the foot, from the popliteal artery. It is accompanied by a deep vein, the anterior tibial vein, along its course. It crosses the anterior aspect of the ankle joint, at which point it becomes the dorsalis pedis artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_tibial_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria tibialis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_tibial_artery]
xref: FMA:43894
xref: MA:0002574
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvaHcEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181357006
xref: UMLS:C0085816
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray1247.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray1247.png/200px-Gray1247.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Tibial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0007610  ! tibial artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001538
name: posterior tibial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior tibial artery of the lower limb carries blood to the posterior compartment of the leg and plantar surface of the foot, from the popliteal artery. It is accompanied by a deep vein, the posterior tibial vein, along its course. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_tibial_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria tibialis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_tibial_artery]
xref: FMA:43895
xref: MA:0002575
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwLSaQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181358001
xref: UMLS:C0086835
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray1247.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray1247.png/200px-Gray1247.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Tibial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0007610  ! tibial artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001539
name: dorsalis pedis artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the dorsalis pedis artery (dorsal artery of foot), is a blood vessel of the lower limb that carries oxygenated blood to the dorsal surface of the foot. It arises at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint and is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. It terminates at the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space, where it divides into two branches, the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the deep plantar artery. Along its course, it is accompanied by a deep vein, the dorsalis pedis vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsalis_pedis_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria dorsalis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:43915, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Dorsalis_pedis_artery]
synonym: "dorsal artery of foot" EXACT []
xref: FMA:43915
xref: MA:0001942
xref: SCTID:181362007
xref: UMLS:C0226492
xref: galen:DorsalisPedisArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray553.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsalis_Pedis_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001540
name: peroneal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the fibular artery (also known as the peroneal artery) supplies blood to the lateral compartment of the leg and is typically a branch of posterior tibial artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Peroneal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria fibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:43921, FMA:TA]
synonym: "fibular artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:43921
xref: MA:0002018
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwSO_s5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181359009
xref: UMLS:C0226476
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Fibular_artery.png/200px-Fibular_artery.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Peroneal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003516  ! hindlimb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001538 ! posterior tibial artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001541
name: medial plantar artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial plantar artery (internal plantar artery), much smaller than the lateral, passes forward along the medial side of the foot. It is at first situated above the Abductor hallucis, and then between it and the Flexor digitorum brevis, both of which it supplies. At the base of the first metatarsal bone, where it is much diminished in size, it passes along the medial border of the first toe, anastomosing with the first dorsal metatarsal artery. Small superficial digital branches accompany the digital branches of the medial plantar nerve and join the plantar metatarsal arteries of the first three spaces. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_plantar_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "a. plantaris medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_plantar_artery]
xref: FMA:43925
xref: MA:0001997
xref: SCTID:181360004
xref: UMLS:C0226479
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray555.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gray555.png/200px-Gray555.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Plantar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003516  ! hindlimb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001538 ! posterior tibial artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001542
name: inguinal lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymph node in the inguinal region." [Wikipedia:Inguinal_lymph_node]
comment: TODO - superficial/deep
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:44226
xref: MA:0000737
xref: SCTID:181762005
xref: UMLS:C0729596
xref: ncithesaurus:Inguinal_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0003968  ! peripheral lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001543
name: popliteal lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The popliteal lymph nodes, small in size and some six or seven in number, are imbedded in the fat contained in the popliteal fossa. One lies immediately beneath the popliteal fascia, near the terminal part of the small saphenous vein, and drains the region from which this vein derives its tributaries. Another is placed between the popliteal artery and the posterior surface of the knee-joint; it receives the lymphatic vessels from the knee-joint together with those which accompany the genicular arteries. The others lie at the sides of the popliteal vessels, and receive as efferents the trunks which accompany the anterior and posterior tibial vessels. The efferents of the popliteal glands pass almost entirely alongside the femoral vessels to the deep inguinal glands, but a few may accompany the great saphenous vein, and end in the glands of the superficial subinguinal group. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Popliteal_lymph_node]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:44227
xref: MA:0000738
xref: SCTID:279156002
xref: UMLS:C0588057
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray609.png/200px-Gray609.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Popliteal_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0003968  ! peripheral lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001544
name: popliteal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The popliteal vein course runs alongside the popliteal artery but carries the blood from the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and calf back to the heart. Its origin is defined by the junction of the posterior tibial vein and anterior tibial vein. It drains the peroneal vein before reaching the knee joint and turns into the femoral vein when leaving the adductor canal (also known as Hunter's canal). The popliteal artery extends from the femoral artery behind the popliteal fossa which is the space behind the knee. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Popliteal_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vena poplitea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Popliteal_vein]
xref: FMA:44327
xref: GAID:537
xref: MA:0002197
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.641
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv8Ch-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:281065001
xref: UMLS:C0032652
xref: galen:PoplitealVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray609.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray609.png/200px-Gray609.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Popliteal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001465 ! knee
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 ! femoral vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001545
name: anterior tibial vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the anterior tibial vein of the lower limb carries blood from the anterior compartment of the leg to the popliteal vein which is forms when it joins with the posterior tibial vein. Like most deep veins, the anterior tibial vein is accompanied by an artery of the same name, the anterior tibial artery, along its course. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_tibial_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "venae tibiales anteriores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_tibial_vein]
xref: FMA:44331
xref: MA:0002244
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXYDl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:281066000
xref: UMLS:C0226833
xref: galen:AnteriorTibialVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Gray440_color.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gray440_color.png/200px-Gray440_color.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Tibial_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0010370  ! tibial vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 ! femoral vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 ! popliteal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001546
name: posterior tibial vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the posterior tibial vein of the lower limb carries blood from the posterior compartment and plantar surface of the foot to the popliteal vein which it forms when it joins with the anterior tibial vein. Like most deep veins, the posterior tibial vein is accompanied by an artery of the same name, the posterior tibial artery, along its course. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_tibial_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "venae tibiales posteriores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_tibial_vein]
xref: FMA:44332
xref: MA:0002245
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwA9GD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:281067009
xref: UMLS:C0226832
xref: galen:PosteriorTibialVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Gray583.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray583.png/200px-Gray583.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Tibial_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0010370  ! tibial vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 ! femoral vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 ! popliteal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001547
name: small saphenous vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The small saphenous vein (also lesser saphenous vein), is a relatively large vein of the superficial posterior leg. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Small_saphenous_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lesser saphenous vein" EXACT []
synonym: "short saphenous vein" EXACT []
synonym: "vena saphena parva" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Small_saphenous_vein]
xref: BTO:0003272
xref: FMA:44333
xref: MA:0002217
xref: SCTID:181404009
xref: UMLS:C0226827
xref: galen:LesserSaphenousVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Gray582.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gray582.png/200px-Gray582.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Short_Saphenous_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0007318  ! saphenous vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 ! popliteal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001548
name: lateral marginal vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "lateral marginal vein of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "vena marginalis lateralis" EXACT []
synonym: "vena marginalis lateralis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:44359, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:44359
xref: MA:0002160
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 ! femoral vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 ! popliteal vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001547 ! small saphenous vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001549
name: dorsal metatarsal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal metatarsal veins are veins which drain the metatarsus of the foot. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_metatarsal_veins]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "metatarsal vein" EXACT []
synonym: "venae metatarsales dorsales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_metatarsal_veins]
xref: FMA:44377
xref: MA:0002105
xref: UMLS:C0835053
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Metatarsal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 ! femoral vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 ! popliteal vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001547 ! small saphenous vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001550
name: medial marginal vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "medial marginal vein of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "vena marginalis medialis" EXACT []
synonym: "vena marginalis medialis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:44420, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:44420
xref: MA:0002171
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 ! femoral vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001363 ! great saphenous vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001551
name: vein of hindlimb zeugopod
namespace: uberon
comment: Terminology notes: The term \"sural veins\" is not sufficient to appropriately designate the complex venous system of the calf. This should be designated as soleal veins (venae solealis), the veins of the soleus muscle and gastrocnemius veins (venae gastrocnemii)[http://www.veinsurg.com/fr/biblio/echodoppler/echodoppler_11.php]
synonym: "sural vein" EXACT [FMA:44561]
xref: FMA:44561
xref: MA:0002231
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0004261  ! lower leg blood vessel
relationship: drains UBERON:0001665 ! triceps surae
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 ! popliteal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001552
name: arcuate artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the curved arteries at the corticomedullary border of the kidney that arise from the interlobar arteries and give rise to the interlobular arteries." [MP:0011315, Wikipedia:Arcuate_artery_of_the_foot]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "kidney arcuate artery" EXACT [MP:0011315]
xref: EMAPA:28215
xref: FMA:44594
xref: MA:0002583
xref: SCTID:244331005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray553.png
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003644  ! kidney arterial blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001553
name: medial tarsal artery
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:44598
xref: MA:0001998
xref: SCTID:67925000
xref: UMLS:C0226495
xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Tarsal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001554
name: skin of hip
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a hip region." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
comment: AO notes: in MA this isa hindlimb skin
synonym: "hip region zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip skin" EXACT []
synonym: "hip zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "regio coxae zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18148
xref: FMA:45282
xref: MA:0000658
xref: SCTID:181518004
is_a: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001555
name: digestive tract
namespace: uberon
def: "Tube extending from the mouth to the anus." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Human_gastrointestinal_tract, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&amp;atid=440764&amp;aid=2991587&amp;group_id=36855]
comment: Terminology notes: we following Kardong in naming the entire tube from mouth to anus the alimentary canal. Kardong calls the portion of this tract that excludes buccal cavity and pharynx the 'alimentary canal', consider adding an extra class for this. AO notes: GO says gut is region of DT, from intestines to anus. ZFA treats as synonym for alimentary canal, and treats it as the sum of DT + organs (ZF has no term from stomach). GO says intestines to anus (excludes stomach and esophagus). MA appears to agree with GO (stomach and esophagus are not parts). FMA includes stomach and esophagus as parts of gut -- the FMA divides gut into lower and upper GI tract; it's not clear if this is exhaustive (small intestine is in neither), but lower GI tract may correspond better to the GO definition. NOTE: GO now changed, see sf id in def xref. Note that FMA also has a term 'gastrointestinal tract', but this includes the liver.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "alimentary canal" NARROW []
synonym: "digestive tube" EXACT []
synonym: "enteric tract" EXACT [ZFA:0000112]
synonym: "gut" BROAD []
synonym: "gut tube" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010023
xref: BILA:0000083
xref: BTO:0000511
xref: BTO:0000545
xref: EHDAA2:0000726
xref: EHDAA:518
xref: EMAPA:16247
xref: FBbt:00003125
xref: FMA:45615
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi0GpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0000112
xref: TGMA:0001819
xref: UMLS:C0017189
xref: VHOG:0000309
xref: WBbt:0005743
xref: ZFA:0000112
xref: galen:AlimentaryTract
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_Tract
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:147099
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:41324
property_value: external_definition "The alimentary or digestive tract, and associated organs.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001556
name: lower urinary tract
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the urinary bladder and the urethra." [FMA:45659]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:45659
xref: MA:0002636
xref: SCTID:181420004
xref: galen:LowerUrinaryTract
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001557
name: upper respiratory tract
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of respiratory system which consists of the nose, nasopharynx, oropharynx and larynx[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Upper_respiratory_tract]
comment: Some specify that the glottis (vocal cords) is the defining line between the upper and lower respiratory tracts;[2] yet even others make the line at the cricoid cartilage.[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EHDAA2:0002136
xref: EMAPA:17669
xref: FMA:45661
xref: MA:0000442
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtT2HwgJMEdyAAADggVbxzQ
xref: SCTID:361381009
xref: VHOG:0000406
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000072  ! segment of respiratory tract
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001558

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001558
name: lower respiratory tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The segment of respiratory tract from the trachea to the lungs[WP,modified]" [Wikipedia:Lower_respiratory_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EHDAA2:0001036
xref: EMAPA:16738
xref: FMA:45662
xref: MA:0000435
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rQRqjUgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g
xref: SCTID:281488008
xref: VHOG:0000382
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000072  ! segment of respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001559
name: obsolete head of organ
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: incorrect grouping
synonym: "head organ" EXACT [MA:0000581]
synonym: "organ head" EXACT []

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001560
name: neck of organ
namespace: uberon
synonym: "organ neck" EXACT []
xref: FMA:45733
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001561
name: subcostal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The subcostal arteries, so named because they lie below the last ribs, constitute the lowest pair of branches derived from the thoracic aorta, and are in series with the intercostal arteries. Each passes along the lower border of the twelfth rib behind the kidney and in front of the Quadratus lumborum muscle, and is accompanied by the twelfth thoracic nerve. It then pierces the posterior aponeurosis of the Transversus abdominis, and, passing forward between this muscle and the Obliquus internus, anastomoses with the superior epigastric, lower intercostal, and lumbar arteries. Each subcostal artery gives off a posterior branch which has a similar distribution to the posterior ramus of an intercostal artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subcostal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EMAPA:19097
xref: FMA:4613
xref: MA:0002048
xref: SCTID:244243008
xref: UMLS:C0226293
xref: ncithesaurus:Subcostal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001562
name: digastric muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The digastric muscle (also digastricus) (named digastric as it has two bellies) is a small muscle located under the jaw. It lies below the body of the mandible, and extends, in a curved form, from the mastoid process to the symphysis menti. It belongs to the suprahyoid muscles group. A broad aponeurotic layer is given off from the tendon of the digastricus on either side, to be attached to the body and greater cornu of the hyoid bone; this is termed the suprahyoid aponeurosis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Digastric_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "digastric" EXACT [MA:0002288]
synonym: "digastric muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Digastric_muscle]
synonym: "digastricus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Digastric_muscle]
synonym: "musculus digastricus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Digastric_muscle]
xref: EMAPA:25134
xref: FMA:46291
xref: MA:0002288
xref: SCTID:244825002
xref: UMLS:C0224155
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Digastricus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Digastricus.png/200px-Digastricus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Digastric_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
is_a: UBERON:0008571  ! suprahyoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001563
name: longus capitis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The longus capitis (rectus capitis anticus major), broad and thick above, narrow below, arises by four tendinous slips, from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrae, and ascends, converging toward its fellow of the opposite side, to be inserted into the inferior surface of the basilar part of the occipital bone. It is innervated by a branch of cervical plexus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longus_capitis_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "longus capitis" EXACT [MA:0002340]
synonym: "longus capitus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Longus_capitis_muscle]
synonym: "m. rectus capitis posterior" EXACT [AAO:0010666]
synonym: "musculus longus capitis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Longus_capitis_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitis anticus major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Longus_capitis_muscle]
xref: AAO:0010666
xref: EMAPA:25131
xref: FMA:46308
xref: MA:0002340
xref: SCTID:244837000
xref: UMLS:C0224107
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Longus_capitis.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Longus_capitis.png/200px-Longus_capitis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Longus_Capitis
is_a: UBERON:0008549  ! prevertebral muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001692 ! basioccipital bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000962 ! nerve of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001564
name: mylohyoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The mylohyoid muscle is a muscle running from the mandible to the hyoid bone, forming the floor of the oral cavity. These muscles are mesodermal in origin." [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle]
comment: mylohyoideus and digastricus anterior of rats derived from intermandibularis posterior, see e.g. Jarvik [53] http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-213X/8/24/table/T3
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus mylohyoideus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "mylohyoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "mylohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "mylohyoideus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle]
xref: FMA:46320
xref: MA:0002344
xref: SCTID:244827005
xref: UMLS:C0224159
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Mylohyoid_muscle.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Mylohyoid
is_a: UBERON:0008571  ! suprahyoid muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003999 ! hyoid bone body
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve
property_value: external_definition "The mylohyoid is a pharyngeal arch I muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the nerve to mylohyoid and attaches to the midline raphe linking R and L mylohyoid and the mandible.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001565
name: geniohyoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A jaw depressor muscle which in humans is a narrow muscle situated superior to the medial border of the mylohyoid muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "genio-hyoideus" EXACT []
synonym: "genio-hyoideus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "geniohyoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "geniohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "geniohyoideus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "m. geniohyoideus" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus geniohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle]
xref: FMA:46325
xref: MA:0002308
xref: SCTID:244828000
xref: UMLS:C0224160
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Geniohyoid_muscle.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Geniohyoid_muscle.PNG/200px-Geniohyoid_muscle.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Geniohyoid
is_a: UBERON:0008571  ! suprahyoid muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011151  ! jaw depressor muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006606 ! mandibular symphysis
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve
property_value: external_definition "The geniohyoid is a muscle that attaches to the mandible and the hyoid apparatus and is innervated by C1.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001566
name: cricothyroid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The cricothyroid muscle attaches to the anterolateral aspect of the cricoid and the inferior cornu and lower lamina of the thyroid cartilage, tilting the thyroid forwards and tensing the vocal cords. It is the only laryngeal muscle supplied by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (rather than the recurrent laryngeal nerve). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "M. cricothyroideus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_muscle]
synonym: "cricothyroid" EXACT []
synonym: "cricothyroideus" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus cricothyroideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46417, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:19270
xref: FMA:46417
xref: MA:0002284
xref: SCTID:244809007
xref: UMLS:C0224178
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Musculuscricothyreoideus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Musculuscricothyreoideus.png/200px-Musculuscricothyreoideus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cricothyroid_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006328  ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001567
name: cheek
namespace: uberon
def: "Cheeks constitute the area of the face below the eyes and between the nose and the left or right ear. It is fleshy in humans and other mammals, the skin being suspended by the chin and the jaws, and forming the lateral wall of the human mouth, visibly touching the cheekbone below the eye. In vertebrates, markings on the cheek area (malar stripes/spots/... ), particularly immediately beneath the eye, often serve as important distinguishing features between species or individuals. 'Buccal' means relating to the cheek. In humans, the region is innervated by the buccal nerve. The inside of the cheek (forming part of the mouth cavity) is lined with a mucous membrane. It is the most common location from which a DNA sample can be taken (during a cheek swab). The cheeks are covered externally by hairy skin, and internally by stratified squamous epithelium. This is mostly smooth, but may have aborally directed papillae . The mucosa is supplied with secretions from the Buccal glands, which are arranged in superior and inferior groups. In carnivores, the superior buccal gland is large and discrete: the Zygomatic gland. During mastication (chewing), the cheeks and tongue between them serve to keep the food between the teeth. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cheek]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "buccae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cheek]
synonym: "jowl" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cheek]
xref: BTO:0001754
xref: FMA:46476
xref: GAID:65
xref: MA:0002475
xref: MESH:A01.456.505.173
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi5WZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182325008
xref: TAO:0002113
xref: UMLS:C0007966
xref: galen:Cheek
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Chica_cachetona.jpg/200px-Chica_cachetona.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Cheek
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004089 ! midface
property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that includes the scales, skin, and muscles that are located ventral and posterior to the eye.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "buccal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001568
name: muscle of larynx
namespace: uberon
def: "the muscles associated with the larynx." [MP:0002263]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "laryngeal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "larynx muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "larynx muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "musculi laryngeales" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001626
xref: FMA:46562
xref: GAID:144
xref: MA:0001768
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.500
xref: SCTID:181744001
xref: UMLS:C0023054
xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
is_a: UBERON:0003831  ! respiratory system muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001569
name: constrictor muscle of pharynx
namespace: uberon
comment: TODO - evaluate taxonomic specificity - functional definition?
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pharyngeal constrictor muscle" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18964
xref: FMA:46620
xref: MA:0002278
xref: SCTID:244799007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Musculusconstrictorpharyngissuperior.png/200px-Musculusconstrictorpharyngissuperior.png
is_a: UBERON:0000933  ! pharyngeal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001570
name: inferior pharyngeal constrictor
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior pharyngeal constrictor, the thickest of the three constrictors, arises from the sides of the cricoid and thyroid cartilage. Similarly to the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles, it is innervated by the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X), specifically, by branches from the pharyngeal plexus and by neuronal branches from the recurrent laryngeal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "constrictor inferior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "constrictor muscle of pharynx inferior" EXACT [MA:0002279]
synonym: "constrictor pharyngis inferior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "constrictores pharyngis caudales" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46623, Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "inferior constrictor muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "inferior constrictor of pharynx" EXACT [FMA:46623]
synonym: "inferior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46623]
synonym: "inferior pharyngeal constrictor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46623, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
xref: FMA:46623
xref: MA:0002279
xref: SCTID:244803008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Musculusconstrictorpharyngisinferior.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Musculusconstrictorpharyngisinferior.png/200px-Musculusconstrictorpharyngisinferior.png
is_a: UBERON:0001569  ! constrictor muscle of pharynx
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011345 ! pharyngeal raphe
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
property_value: external_definition "This is a pharyngeal arch 4/6 muscle that is integral to the pharyngeal tube, participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus of the vagus n.  and attaches to the laryngeal cartilages and the midline raphe.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001571
name: genioglossus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Either of a pair of lingual muscles with origin in the mandible, with insertion to the lingual fascia below the mucous membrane and epiglottis, with nerve supply from the hypoglossal nerve, and whose action depresses and protrudes the tongue." [VHOG:0000847, Wikipedia:Genioglossus_muscle]
comment: taxon notes: Makes up bulk of tongue in frogs and salamanders; makes up entire tongue in caecilians. [AAO:0010660]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "genioglossus" EXACT []
synonym: "m. genioglossus" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus genioglossus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010660
xref: EHDAA2:0000704
xref: EHDAA:9150
xref: EMAPA:18276
xref: EMAPA:18881
xref: FMA:46690
xref: MA:0002307
xref: SCTID:244784007
xref: UMLS:C0224194
xref: VHOG:0000847
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Genioglossus.png/200px-Genioglossus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Genioglossus
is_a: UBERON:0001575  ! extrinsic muscle of tongue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010059 ! hypoglossal cord
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Either of a pair of lingual muscles with origin in the mandible, with insertion to the lingual fascia below the mucous membrane and epiglottis, with nerve supply from the hypoglossal nerve, and whose action depresses and protrudes the tongue. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Makes up bulk of tongue in frogs and salamanders; makes up entire tongue in caecilians.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "see Intrinsic Tongue.[FEED]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The lamprey head contains another group of muscles, the epi- and hypo-branchial muscles (EBM and HBM), derivatives of anterior trunk myotomes. (...) The origin and the migration pattern of HBM precursors are very similar to that of the gnathostome MPP, especially to that of the tongue muscle precursors. Other evidence of homology of lamprey HBM to the gnathostome tongue muscle is that HBM is innervated by the nerve termed the hypoglossal nerve based on its morphological position associated with the head/trunk interface. (...) The HBM-specific expression of the LampPax3/7 gene is consistent with the homology of this muscle to the gnathostome tongue muscle, or to the hypobranchial series as a whole (including the infrahyoid and possibly the diaphragm in mammals).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001572
name: hyoglossus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Hyoglossus, thin and quadrilateral, arises from the side of the body and from the whole length of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, and passes almost vertically upward to enter the side of the tongue, between the Styloglossus and Longitudinalis inferior. The hyoglossus depresses and retracts the tongue makes the dorsum more convex The fibers arising from the body of the hyoid bone overlap those from the greater cornu. It is important in singing. Structures passing medially to the hyoglossus muscle are the lingual vein and lingual artery. Laterally, in between the hyoglossus muscle and the mylohyoid muscle lay several important structures (from superior in inferior): submandibular gland, submandibular duct, lingual nerve, vena comitans of hypoglossal nerve, and the hypoglossal nerve. Note, posteriorly, the lingual nerve is superior to the submandibular duct and a portion of the submandibular salivary gland protrudes into the space between the hyoglossus and mylohyoid muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hyoglossus_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hyoglossus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hyoglossus]
synonym: "m. hyoglossus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010663
xref: EMAPA:18277
xref: EMAPA:18882
xref: FMA:46691
xref: MA:0002317
xref: SCTID:244785008
xref: UMLS:C0224196
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hyoglossus.png/200px-Hyoglossus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hyoglossus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001575  ! extrinsic muscle of tongue
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Makes up part of the tongue in frogs and salamanders.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The hyoglossus is a muscle that attaches to the hyoid and tongue and is innervated by Cranial Nerve XII.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001573
name: styloglossus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Styloglossus, the shortest and smallest of the three styloid muscles, arises from the anterior and lateral surfaces of the styloid process, near its apex, and from the stylomandibular ligament. Passing downward and forward between the internal and external carotid arteries, it divides upon the side of the tongue near its dorsal surface, blending with the fibers of the Longitudinalis inferior in front of the Hyoglossus; the other, oblique, overlaps the Hyoglossus and decussates with its fibers. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Styloglossus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus styloglossus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Styloglossus]
synonym: "syloglossus muscle" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18279
xref: EMAPA:18884
xref: FMA:46692
xref: MA:0002387
xref: UMLS:C0224195
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Styloglossus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Styloglossus.png/200px-Styloglossus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Styloglossus
is_a: UBERON:0001575  ! extrinsic muscle of tongue
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003960 ! styloid process of temporal bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve
property_value: external_definition "Styloglossus is a muscle that attaches to the tongue and stylohyal and is innervated by Cranial Nerve XII.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001574
name: palatoglossus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The palatoglossus, glossopalatinus, or palatoglossal muscle is a small fleshy fasciculus, narrower in the middle than at either end, forming, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the glossopalatine arch. It arises from the anterior surface of the soft palate, where it is continuous with the muscle of the opposite side, and passing downward, forward, and lateralward in front of the palatine tonsil, is inserted into the side of the tongue, some of its fibers spreading over the dorsum, and others passing deeply into the substance of the organ to intermingle with the Transversus linguC&. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Palatoglossus_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus palatoglossus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatoglossus_muscle]
synonym: "palatoglossal" EXACT []
synonym: "palatoglossal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "palatoglossus" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18278
xref: EMAPA:18883
xref: FMA:46697
xref: MA:0002351
xref: SCTID:244783001
xref: UMLS:C1704249
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Gray1014.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray1028.png/200px-Gray1028.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Palatoglossus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003682  ! palatal muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
property_value: external_definition "Palatoglossus is a muscle that attaches to the soft palate and the tongue and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X via the pharyngeal plexus.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001575
name: extrinsic muscle of tongue
namespace: uberon
comment: The extrinsic muscles originate from bone and extend to the tongue. Their main functions are altering the tongue's position allowing for protrusion, retraction, and side-to-side movement[WP] Innervation: All intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue are supplied by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), except for one of the extrinsic muscles, palatoglossus, which is innervated by the Vagus nerve CN X of the pharyngeal plexus.[WP]
synonym: "extrinsic lingual muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "extrinsic tongue muscle" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0002063
xref: EHDAA:9148
xref: EMAPA:18275
xref: EMAPA:18880
xref: FMA:46699
xref: MA:0002296
xref: SCTID:244782006
xref: VHOG:0000825
is_a: UBERON:0000378  ! tongue muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011332 ! extrinsic tongue pre-muscle mass
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003273 ! skeletal muscle of tongue
property_value: homology_notes "The lamprey head contains another group of muscles, the epi- and hypo-branchial muscles (EBM and HBM), derivatives of anterior trunk myotomes. (...) The origin and the migration pattern of HBM precursors are very similar to that of the gnathostome MPP, especially to that of the tongue muscle precursors. Other evidence of homology of lamprey HBM to the gnathostome tongue muscle is that HBM is innervated by the nerve termed the hypoglossal nerve based on its morphological position associated with the head/trunk interface. (...) The HBM-specific expression of the LampPax3/7 gene is consistent with the homology of this muscle to the gnathostome tongue muscle, or to the hypobranchial series as a whole (including the infrahyoid and possibly the diaphragm in mammals).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001576
name: intrinsic muscle of tongue
namespace: uberon
comment: The main function of the intrinsic muscles is to provide shape. They are not involved with changing the position of the tongue and are not attached to bone[WP]
synonym: "intrinsic lingual muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "intrinsic tongue muscle" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0002064
xref: EHDAA:9152
xref: EMAPA:18280
xref: EMAPA:18885
xref: FMA:46701
xref: MA:0002327
xref: SCTID:244788005
xref: VHOG:0000748
is_a: UBERON:0000378  ! tongue muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010059 ! hypoglossal cord
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003273 ! skeletal muscle of tongue
property_value: external_definition "The intrinsic tongue muscles are an integral part of the tongue that are innervated by Cranial Nerve XII.[FEED]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The lamprey head contains another group of muscles, the epi- and hypo-branchial muscles (EBM and HBM), derivatives of anterior trunk myotomes. (...) The origin and the migration pattern of HBM precursors are very similar to that of the gnathostome MPP, especially to that of the tongue muscle precursors. Other evidence of homology of lamprey HBM to the gnathostome tongue muscle is that HBM is innervated by the nerve termed the hypoglossal nerve based on its morphological position associated with the head/trunk interface. (...) The HBM-specific expression of the LampPax3/7 gene is consistent with the homology of this muscle to the gnathostome tongue muscle, or to the hypobranchial series as a whole (including the infrahyoid and possibly the diaphragm in mammals).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001577
name: facial nerve muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The facial muscles are a group of striated muscles innervated by the facial nerve that, among other things, control facial expression. These muscles are also called mimetic muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles]
comment: AO notes: Check the MA class cranial/facial muscle, this may be broader. Editor notes: currently defined by innervation, check this. Editor notes: PMID:19531159 states that facial muscles are hyoid muscles
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cranial/facial muscle" RELATED [MA:0000579]
synonym: "face muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "face muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "facial muscle" EXACT [XAO:0001013]
synonym: "facial nerve innervated muscle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "mimetic muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles]
synonym: "muscle of face" EXACT [FMA:46751]
synonym: "muscle of facial expression" RELATED [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles]
synonym: "muscle organ of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscles of facial expression" RELATED [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles]
synonym: "musculi faciei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles]
xref: EMAPA:25133
xref: FMA:46751
xref: GAID:143
xref: MA:0000579
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.400
xref: SCTID:25903009
xref: UMLS:C0015460
xref: XAO:0001013
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray378.png/200px-Gray378.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004473 ! musculature of face
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
disjoint_from: UBERON:0003681  ! masticatory muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001578
name: orbicularis oculi
namespace: uberon
def: "The 'orbicularis oculi' is a muscle in the face that closes the eyelids. It arises from the nasal part of the frontal bone, from the frontal process of the maxilla in front of the lacrimal groove, and from the anterior surface and borders of a short fibrous band, the medial palpebral ligament. From this origin, the fibers are directed lateralward, forming a broad and thin layer, which occupies the eyelids or palpebrC&, surrounds the circumference of the orbit, and spreads over the temple, and downward on the cheek. The palpebral portion of the muscle is thin and pale; it arises from the bifurcation of the medial palpebral ligament, forms a series of concentric curves, and is inserted into the lateral palpebral raphC). The orbital portion is thicker and of a reddish color; its fibers form a complete ellipse without interruption at the lateral palpebral commissure; the upper fibers of this portion blend with the Frontalis and Corrugator. The lacrimal part (Tensor tarsi) is a small, thin muscle, about 6 mm. in breadth and 12 mm. in length, situated behind the medial palpebral ligament and lacrimal sac. It arises from the posterior crest and adjacent part of the orbital surface of the lacrimal bone, and passing behind the lacrimal sac, divides into two slips, upper and lower, which are inserted into the superior and inferior tarsi medial to the puncta lacrimalia; occasionally it is very indistinct. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oculi_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus orbicularis oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oculi_muscle]
synonym: "orbicularis oculi muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oculi_muscle]
synonym: "tensor tarsi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oculi_muscle]
xref: FMA:46779
xref: MA:0001254
xref: SCTID:244726006
xref: UMLS:C0224122
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gray379.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gray379.png/200px-Gray379.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Orbicularis_Oculi
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004277  ! eye muscle
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001680 ! lacrimal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004724 ! medial palpebral ligament
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001601 ! extra-ocular muscle
disjoint_from: UBERON:0013497  ! muscularis orbicularis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001579
name: olfactory nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Nerve that carries information from the olfactory epithelium to the olfactory bulb[Butler and Hodos]." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Olfactory_nerve]
comment: Taxon notes: connects to main OB (in taxa where main/accessory distinction is important)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CN-I" RELATED []
synonym: "Olfactory nerve [I]" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve I" RELATED []
synonym: "fila olfactoria" RELATED [BTO:0003648]
synonym: "first cranial nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nerve of smell" RELATED [BTO:0003648]
synonym: "nervus olfactorius" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0003648, Wikipedia:Olfactory_nerve]
synonym: "nervus olfactorius [i]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46787, FMA:TA]
synonym: "olfactory I" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001293]
synonym: "olfactory fila" RELATED [BTO:0003648]
synonym: "olfactory i nerve" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010088
xref: BTO:0003648
xref: EHDAA2:0001293
xref: EHDAA:6672
xref: EMAPA:17797
xref: FMA:46787
xref: GAID:830
xref: MA:0001096
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.640
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1319
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZuXAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180937006
xref: TAO:0000249
xref: UMLS:C0028938
xref: VHOG:0000703
xref: XAO:0000426
xref: ZFA:0000249
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gray771.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray771.png/200px-Gray771.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 ! olfactory placode
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001997 ! olfactory epithelium
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
property_value: external_definition "Nerve that carries information from the olfactory epithelium through the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex of the telencephalon.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with the olfactory epithelium and an olfactory bulb[FMA:46787]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The 1st cranial nerve. The olfactory nerve conveys the sense of smell. It is formed by the axons of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS which project from the olfactory epithelium (in the nasal epithelium) to the OLFACTORY BULB[MESH:A08.800.800.120.640]." xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001580
name: levator labii superioris
namespace: uberon
def: "The levator labii superioris (or quadratus labii superioris) is a broad sheet, the origin of which extends from the side of the nose to the zygomatic bone. Its medial fibers form the angular head, which arises by a pointed extremity from the upper part of the frontal process of the maxilla and passing obliquely downward and lateralward divides into two slips. One of these is inserted into the greater alar cartilage and skin of the nose; the other is prolonged into the lateral part of the upper lip, blending with the infraorbital head and with the Orbicularis oris. The intermediate portion or infraorbital head arises from the lower margin of the orbit immediately above the infraorbital foramen, some of its fibers being attached to the maxilla, others to the zygomatic bone. Its fibers converge, to be inserted into the muscular substance of the upper lip between the angular head and the Caninus. The lateral fibers, forming the zygomatic head, arise from the malar surface of the zygomatic bone immediately behind the zygomaticomaxillary suture and pass downward and medialward to the upper lip. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus levator labii superioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris]
xref: FMA:46805
xref: MA:0002333
xref: UMLS:C1704248
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Levator_labii_superioris.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Levator_labii_superioris.png/200px-Levator_labii_superioris.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Levator_Labii_Superioris
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001458 ! skin of lip
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001581
name: depressor labii inferioris
namespace: uberon
def: "The depressor labii inferioris (or quadratus labii inferioris) is a facial muscle that helps lower the bottom lip. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Depressor_labii_inferioris_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:46816
xref: MA:0002287
xref: UMLS:C0224119
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Depressor_labii_inferioris.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Depressor_labii_inferioris.png/200px-Depressor_labii_inferioris.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Depressor_Labii_Inferioris
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010933 ! orbicularis oris muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0008199 ! chin
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001582
name: buccinator muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a thin quadrilateral muscle, occupying the interval between the maxilla and the mandible at the side of the face." [Wikipedia:Buccinator_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "buccinator" EXACT []
synonym: "buccinatorius" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus buccinator" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Buccinator_muscle]
xref: FMA:46834
xref: MA:0002272
xref: SCTID:244747005
xref: UMLS:C0224121
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Buccinator.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Buccinator.jpg/200px-Buccinator.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Buccinator
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004528 ! alveolar ridge of mandible
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
property_value: external_definition "The buccinator is a muscle that is attached to the mandible, skin, pterygomandibular raphe and maxilla, and is innervated by Cranial Nerve VII and participates in oropharyngeal behavior.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001584
name: left subclavian artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. It is located below the clavicle, hence the name. There is a left subclavian and a right subclavian. On the left side of the body, the subclavian comes directly off the arch of aorta. On the right side of the body, the subclavian arises from the relatively short brachiocephalic artery (trunk) when it bifurcates into the subclavian and the right common carotid artery. The usual branches of the subclavian on both sides of the body are the vertebral artery, the internal thoracic artery, the thyrocervical trunk, the costocervical trunk and the dorsal scapular artery. The subclavian becomes the axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subclavian_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:4694
xref: MA:0002046
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW7hw6gEEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvp8u1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244245001
xref: UMLS:C0226262
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Subclavian_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001533  ! subclavian artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001585
name: anterior vena cava
namespace: uberon
def: "Trunk of systemic vein which is formed by the union of the right and left brachiocephalic veins and terminates in the right atrium." [Wikipedia:Superior_vena_cava]
comment: The mouse has both left and right anterior vena cava. adult humans only have a right. Postnatally the left regresses and becomes non-functional (Wessels and Sedmera 2003). In the mouse, The right pulmonary vein passes dorsal to the right superior vena cava, the left pulmonary dorsal to the left superior vena cava (Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, Green).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cranial vena cava" RELATED [VHOG:0001195]
synonym: "superior vena cava" EXACT [FMA:4720]
synonym: "vena cava superior" RELATED [BTO:0002683]
synonym: "vena cava superior, vena maxima" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_vena_cava]
xref: BTO:0002683
xref: EHDAA2:0001962
xref: EHDAA:8726
xref: EMAPA:18417
xref: FMA:4720
xref: GAID:549
xref: MA:0000481
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.949.815
xref: SCTID:181368006
xref: UMLS:C0042459
xref: VHOG:0001195
xref: galen:SuperiorVenaCava
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Venenwinkel.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Venenwinkel.png/200px-Venenwinkel.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Vena_Cava
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetic modifications within this basic pattern of arteries and veins are largely correlated with functional changes. In the transition from water to land, gills gave way to lungs, accompanied by the establishment of a pulmonary circulation. In some fishes and certainly in tetrapods, the cardinal veins become less involved in blood return. Instead, the composite, prominent postcava (posterior vena cava) arose to drain the posterior part of the body and the precava (anterior vena cava) developed to drain the anterior part of the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001586
name: internal jugular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The two internal jugular veins collect the blood from the brain, the superficial parts of the face, and the neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_jugular_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "internal jugular" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000877]
synonym: "internal jugular venous tree" EXACT []
synonym: "vena jugularis interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_jugular_vein]
xref: AAO:0010236
xref: EHDAA2:0000877
xref: EHDAA:5407
xref: EMAPA:17620
xref: FMA:4724
xref: MA:0002157
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqdb95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000878
xref: SCTID:181372005
xref: UMLS:C0226550
xref: XAO:0000382
xref: galen:InternalJugularVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray562.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray562.png/200px-Gray562.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Jugular_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0004711  ! jugular vein
property_value: external_definition "Vein which receives many veins draining the palate, brain, and the orbital, nasal, and auditory regions.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001587
name: subclavian vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the subclavian veins are two large veins, one on either side of the body. Its diameter is approximately that of the small finger. It is divided into right and left subclavian vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subclavian_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "subclavian venous tree" EXACT []
synonym: "vena subclavia" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Subclavian_vein]
xref: AAO:0010510
xref: EHDAA2:0001934
xref: EHDAA:4455
xref: EMAPA:17621
xref: FMA:4725
xref: GAID:546
xref: MA:0002221
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.877
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvvtMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181388005
xref: UMLS:C0038532
xref: galen:SubclavianVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray1174.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Gray1174.png/200px-Gray1174.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Subclavian_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the forelimb via the brachial veins and from the muscles and skin of the trunk via the anterior epigastric and lateral veins.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001588
name: vertebral vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The vertebral vein is formed in the suboccipital triangle, from numerous small tributaries which spring from the internal vertebral venous plexuses and issue from the vertebral canal above the posterior arch of the atlas. They unite with small veins from the deep muscles at the upper part of the back of the neck, and form a vessel which enters the foramen in the transverse process of the atlas, and descends, forming a dense plexus around the vertebral artery, in the canal formed by the foramina transversaria of the cervical vertebrae. This plexus ends in a single trunk, which emerges from the foramen transversarium of the sixth cervical vertebra, and opens at the root of the neck into the back part of the innominate vein near its origin, its mouth being guarded by a pair of valves. On the right side, it crosses the first part of the subclavian artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vena vertebralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vertebral_vein]
xref: AAO:0010509
xref: FMA:4727
xref: MA:0002262
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKt8xJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:303961000
xref: UMLS:C0226560
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Gray563.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Gray563.png/200px-Gray563.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the muscles of the neck and drains into the internal jugular.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001589
name: internal thoracic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the internal thoracic vein (previously known as the internal mammary vein) is a vessel that drains the chest wall and mamma, a term used for breast in anatomy. Bilaterally, it arises from the superior epigastric vein, accompanies the internal thoracic artery along its course and terminates in the brachiocephalic vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_thoracic_vein]
comment: Editor notes: check relationship to 'internal mammary vein' in MA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "internal mammary vein" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Internal_thoracic_vein]
synonym: "vena thoracica interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_thoracic_vein]
xref: EMAPA:18641
xref: FMA:4729
xref: MA:0002237
xref: SCTID:281056008
xref: UMLS:C0226633
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray577.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Thoracic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001590
name: pericardiacophrenic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Vena comitans of the pericardiacophrenic arteries." [Wikipedia:Pericardiacophrenic_veins]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "venae pericardiacophrenicae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pericardiacophrenic_veins]
xref: FMA:4742
xref: MA:0002187
xref: SCTID:361626007
xref: UMLS:C0501112
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray530.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gray530.png/200px-Gray530.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pericardiacophrenic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001591
name: thymic vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "thymic tributary of brachiocephalic vein" EXACT []
xref: FMA:4747
xref: MA:0002246
xref: SCTID:303432009
xref: UMLS:C0226698
xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001592
name: bronchial vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The bronchial veins are small vessels that return blood from the larger bronchi and structures at the roots of the lungs. The right side drains into the azygos vein, while the left side drains into the left superior intercostal vein or the accessory hemiazygos vein. The bronchial veins are counterparts to the bronchial arteries. The veins, however, do not return all of the blood supplied by the arteries; much of the blood that is carried in the bronchial arteries is returned to the heart via the pulmonary veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Bronchial_veins]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchial venous tree" EXACT []
xref: FMA:4749
xref: MA:0002088
xref: SCTID:198293000
xref: UMLS:C0226650
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchial_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001593
name: venous plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "a congregation of multiple veins." [Wikipedia:Venous_plexus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "rete venosum, plexus venosus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Venous_plexus]
synonym: "venous network" EXACT []
xref: FMA:4767
xref: MA:0000069
xref: SCTID:322151008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png
is_a: UBERON:0005629  ! vascular plexus
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001638 ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001594
name: azygos vein
namespace: uberon
def: "An unpaired vein which in humans arises from the right ascending lumbar vein or the vena cava, enters the thorax through the aortic orifice in the diaphragm, and terminates in the superior vena cava; unlike humans, mice have a single and left-sided azygos vein that develops from the paired embryonic cardinal venous system and drains most of the right and left thoracic walls into the left anterior vena cava[MP]." [MP:0011569, Wikipedia:Azygos_vein]
comment: Editor notes: check development relationships in different species
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "azygos venous tree" EXACT []
synonym: "vena azygos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Azygos_vein]
xref: EMAPA:18250
xref: FMA:4838
xref: GAID:528
xref: MA:0002085
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.106
xref: UMLS:C0004526
xref: galen:AzygosVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Azygos_vein.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Azygos_vein.png/200px-Azygos_vein.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Azygos_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008268 ! right supracardinal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001597
name: masseter muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "jaw muscle of therapsids which permits the longitudinal, grinding, motions of the jaw.  The masseter is derived from the m. adductor mandibulae externus, which originates in the adductor chamber (in the temporal fenestra) and inserts on the coronoid process and internal surface of the lower jaw.[Palaeos]." [Wikipedia:Masseter_muscle, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryM.html]
comment: The division of the adductor mandibulae in the various lines of tetrapod evolution correlates with divergences in their methods of feeding. (...) As the jaws become stronger and their movements more complex in the line of evolution toward mammals, the adductor complex becomes divided into several distinct muscles (temporalis, masseter, pterygoideus, tensor tympani, tensor veli palati)[VHOG]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "masseter" RELATED [BTO:0001755]
synonym: "musculus masseter" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Masseter_muscle]
xref: BTO:0001755
xref: EFO:0001424
xref: EHDAA2:0001067
xref: EHDAA:10561
xref: EMAPA:25135
xref: FMA:48996
xref: MA:0002343
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.600.500
xref: SCTID:181738000
xref: UMLS:C0024876
xref: VHOG:0000823
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Illu_head_neck_muscle.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Illu_head_neck_muscle.jpg/200px-Illu_head_neck_muscle.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Masseter_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003681  ! masticatory muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0005467 ! platysma
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004660 ! mandible coronoid process
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002500 ! zygomatic arch
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0011321 ! masseteric nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek
property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, is innervated by masseteric nerve branches, and attaches to mandible and zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The division of the adductor mandibulae in the various lines of tetrapod evolution correlates with divergences in their methods of feeding. (...) As the jaws become stronger and their movements more complex in the line of evolution toward mammals, the adductor complex becomes divided into several distinct muscles (temporalis, masseter, pterygoideus, tensor tympani, tensor veli palati).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001598
name: temporalis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The temporal muscle is one of the muscles of mastication. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Temporal_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus temporalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:49006, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Temporal_muscle]
synonym: "temporal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "temporalis" EXACT [MA:0002390]
xref: EHDAA2:0002001
xref: EHDAA:10565
xref: EMAPA:25138
xref: FMA:49006
xref: GAID:148
xref: MA:0002390
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.600.850
xref: SCTID:181739008
xref: UMLS:C0039487
xref: VHOG:0000929
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Gray382.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Gray382.png/200px-Gray382.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003681  ! masticatory muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0005467 ! platysma
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004660 ! mandible coronoid process
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head
property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that is innervated by the deep temporal nerves and attaches to the wall of the braincase  and mandible.[FEED]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The division of the adductor mandibulae in the various lines of tetrapod evolution correlates with divergences in their methods of feeding. (...) As the jaws become stronger and their movements more complex in the line of evolution toward mammals, the adductor complex becomes divided into several distinct muscles (temporalis, masseter, pterygoideus, tensor tympani, tensor veli palati).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001601
name: extra-ocular muscle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0006229
def: "Skeletal muscle derived from cranial mesoderm and controls eye movements." [GO:0002074, Wikipedia:Extraocular_muscles]
comment: AO notes: BTO and MA consider this part of the eye; we follow them here (inferred from skeletal muscle). Not clear if omission from FMA is deliberate. Editor notes: todo - resolve discrepancies in which muscles are considered extra-ocular. Taxon notes: Mammals have 7 extra-ocular muscles, but humans lack the M. retractor bulbi. Note in ZFA this is the set of muscles.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "extra-ocular skeletal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "extraocular muscle" EXACT [FMA:49033]
synonym: "extraocular musculature" EXACT [ZFA:0000511]
synonym: "extraocular skeletal muscle" EXACT [MA:0001271]
synonym: "extrinsic eye muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "extrinsic muscle of eyeball" EXACT [FMA:49033]
synonym: "extrinsic ocular muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000482]
synonym: "musculi externi bulbi oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extraocular_muscles]
xref: AAO:0010028
xref: BTO:0001579
xref: EFO:0001921
xref: EHDAA2:0000482
xref: EHDAA:5729
xref: EMAPA:18234
xref: FMA:49033
xref: MA:0001271
xref: SCTID:181150000
xref: TAO:0000511
xref: VHOG:0000549
xref: ZFA:0000511
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/MRI_of_human_eye.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/MRI_of_human_eye.jpg/200px-MRI_of_human_eye.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0004277  ! eye muscle
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006230 ! extrinsic ocular pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003269 ! skeletal muscle of eye
property_value: external_definition "Any of the six small muscles that control movement of the eyeball within the socket. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Muscles surrounding the eye (bulbus oculi) and having an effect on eye movements.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these (extrinsic ocular) muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001602
name: medial rectus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004836
def: "The medial rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. As with most of the muscles of the orbit, it is innervated by the inferior division of the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III). This muscle shares an origin with several other extrinsic eye muscles, the anulus tendineus, or common tendon. It is the largest of the extraocular muscles and its only action is adduction of the eyeball. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_rectus_muscle]
comment: Taxon notes (from VHOG): \"The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.\" Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.331 [VHOG:0001127]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "medial rectus extraocular muscle" EXACT [MA:0001281]
synonym: "medial rectus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus rectus medialis bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_rectus_muscle]
xref: FMA:49037
xref: MA:0001281
xref: SCTID:181151001
xref: TAO:0000301
xref: UMLS:C0582820
xref: VHOG:0001127
xref: ZFA:0000301
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png/200px-Eyemuscles.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Rectus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006533  ! rectus extraocular muscle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001643 ! oculomotor nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head
property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001603
name: lateral rectus extra-ocular muscle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004837
def: "The lateral rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. It is one of six extraocular muscles that control the movements of the eye (abduction in this case) and the only muscle innervated by the abducens nerve, cranial nerve VI. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_rectus_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "M. rectus lateralis" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral rectus" EXACT [FMA:49038]
synonym: "lateral rectus extraocular muscle" EXACT [MA:0001280]
synonym: "lateral rectus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus rectus lateralis" EXACT [AAO:0010107]
synonym: "musculus rectus lateralis bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_rectus_muscle]
xref: AAO:0010107
xref: FMA:49038
xref: MA:0001280
xref: SCTID:181152008
xref: TAO:0000383
xref: UMLS:C0582821
xref: VHOG:0001129
xref: ZFA:0000383
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png/200px-Eyemuscles.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Rectus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006533  ! rectus extraocular muscle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001646 ! abducens nerve
disjoint_from: UBERON:0003250  ! rectus capitis lateralis
property_value: external_definition "Cranial nerve VI innervated; lateral in the rectus group.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001604
name: levator palpebrae superioris
namespace: uberon
def: "The levator palpebrae superioris (or levator muscle of upper eyelid) is the muscle in the orbit that elevates the superior (upper) eyelid. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Levator_palpebrae_superioris]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:49041
xref: MA:0001272
xref: SCTID:244774006
xref: UMLS:C0224134
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png/200px-Eyemuscles.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Levator_Palpebrae_Superioris
is_a: UBERON:0001601  ! extra-ocular muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001605
name: ciliary muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The ciliary muscle is a smooth muscle in the eye that controls the eye's accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humour through Schlemm's canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Bowman`s muscles" RELATED [BTO:0000654]
synonym: "musculus ciliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ciliary_muscle]
synonym: "musculus ciliarus" EXACT [BTO:0000654]
xref: BTO:0000654
xref: FMA:49151
xref: MA:0001269
xref: SCTID:280862009
xref: UMLS:C0559230
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Gray872.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray872.png/200px-Gray872.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ciliary_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003386  ! smooth muscle of eye
is_a: UBERON:0011222  ! intra-ocular muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001606
name: muscle of iris
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Iris_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "iris muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "iris muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:49154
xref: MA:0001287
xref: SCTID:280888007
is_a: UBERON:0011222  ! intra-ocular muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001607
name: sphincter pupillae
namespace: uberon
def: "The iris sphincter muscle (pupillary sphincter, circular muscle of iris, circular fibers) is a muscle in the part of the eye called the iris. It encircles the eye, appropriate to its function as a constrictor. It is found in vertebrates and some cephalopods. In humans, it functions to constrict the pupil in bright light or during accommodation. Its dimensions are about 0.75 mm wide by 0.15 mm thick. It is controlled by parasympathetic fibers that originate from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, travel along the oculomotor nerve (CN III), synapse in the ciliary ganglion, and then enter the eye via the short ciliary nerves. Initially, all the myocytes are of the smooth muscle type, but much later in life, so that ultimately most cells are of the striated muscle type. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
comment: Taxon notes: WP says: It is found in vertebrates and some cephalopods; this class refers to the vertebrate structure. Function notes: constricts iris
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "M. sphincter pupillae" EXACT []
synonym: "circular fibers" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "constrictor pupillae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "iris constrictor" RELATED []
synonym: "iris constrictor muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "iris sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "iris sphincter muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000656]
synonym: "m. sphincter pupillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "musculus sphincter pupillae" EXACT [BTO:0000656]
synonym: "pupillary constrictor muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "pupillary sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "pupillary sphincter muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "sphincter muscle of pupil" EXACT [BTO:0000656]
synonym: "sphincter pupillae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "sphincter pupillae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
synonym: "spincter pupillae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle]
xref: BTO:0000656
xref: FMA:49157
xref: MA:0001289
xref: SCTID:280889004
xref: UMLS:C0229189
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray878.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Gray878.png/200px-Gray878.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sphincter_Pupillae_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004234  ! iris smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0007521  ! smooth muscle sphincter
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001608 ! dilatator pupillae
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001769 ! iris
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001769 ! iris
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris
intersection_of: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001608
name: dilatator pupillae
namespace: uberon
def: "The iris dilator muscle (pupil dilator muscle, pupillary dilator, radial muscle of iris, radiating fibers), is a smooth muscle of the eye, running radially in the iris and therefore fit as a dilator. It is innervated by the sympathetic system, which acts by releasing noradrenaline, which acts on N11-receptors. Thus, when presented with a threatening stimuli that activates the fight-or-flight response, this innervation dilates the iris, thus temporarily letting more light reach the retina. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dilator muscle of pupil" EXACT []
synonym: "dilator of pupil" EXACT []
synonym: "dilator pupillae" EXACT []
synonym: "dilator pupillae muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001371, Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "iris dilator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "iris dilator muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001371]
synonym: "musculus dilatator pupillae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:49158, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "musculus dilator pupillae" RELATED [BTO:0001371]
synonym: "pupil dilator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "pupil dilator muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "pupillary dilator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "pupillary dilator muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "pupillary muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "radial muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "radial muscle of iris" EXACT [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
synonym: "radiating fibers" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle]
xref: BTO:0001371
xref: FMA:49158
xref: MA:0001288
xref: SCTID:280890008
xref: UMLS:C0229190
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray878.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Gray878.png/200px-Gray878.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dilator_Pupillae_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004234  ! iris smooth muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001607 ! sphincter pupillae
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001769 ! iris
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001609
name: isthmus of thyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The thyroid isthmus connects together the lower thirds of the lobes; it measures about 1.25 cm. in breadth, and the same in depth, and usually covers the second and third rings of the trachea. Its situation and size present, however, many variations. In the middle line of the neck it is covered by the skin and fascia, and close to the middle line, on either side, by the Sternothyreoideus. Across its upper border runs an anastomotic branch uniting the two superior thyroid arteries; at its lower border are the inferior thyroid veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thyroid_isthmus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "isthmus" BROAD [VHOG:0000739]
synonym: "isthmus glandulae thyroideae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid_isthmus]
synonym: "thyroid gland isthmus" EXACT []
synonym: "thyroid isthmus" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0002031
xref: EHDAA:5777
xref: EMAPA:18195
xref: EMAPA:18829
xref: FMA:49178
xref: MA:0000727
xref: SCTID:245539003
xref: UMLS:C0229583
xref: VHOG:0000739
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray1174.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Gray1174.png/200px-Gray1174.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland_Isthmus
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
disjoint_from: UBERON:0003052  ! midbrain-hindbrain boundary
property_value: homology_notes "In mammals and in some reptiles, the thyroid is composed of two lobes connected by an isthmus; in birds and amphibians, the thyroid consists of two isolated lobes. (...) Despite these morphological differences, the ontogeny of the thyroid follows the same pattern in all vertebrates (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001610
name: lingual artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The lingual artery arises from the external carotid between the superior thyroid and facial artery[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lingual_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_artery]
synonym: "lingual branch of external carotid artery" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010492
xref: FMA:49526
xref: MA:0001992
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvfqDCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181327002
xref: UMLS:C0226104
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Lingual_artery.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Lingual_artery.PNG/200px-Lingual_artery.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Lingual_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003357  ! epithelium of tongue
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of external carotid (AAO:0010218)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the tongue.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001611
name: sublingual artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sublingual Artery arises at the anterior margin of the Hyoglossus, and runs forward between the Genioglossus and Mylohyoideus to the sublingual gland. It supplies the gland and gives branches to the Mylohyoideus and neighboring muscles, and to the mucous membrane of the mouth and gums. One branch runs behind the alveolar process of the mandible in the substance of the gum to anastomose with a similar artery from the other side; another pierces the Mylohyoideus and anastomoses with the submental branch of the external maxillary artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria sublingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sublingual_artery]
synonym: "sublingual branch of lingual artery" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010491
xref: FMA:49543
xref: MA:0002049
xref: SCTID:368706006
xref: UMLS:C0226106
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Gray559.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Gray559.png/200px-Gray559.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sublingual_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of external carotid (AAO:0010218)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the tip of the snout where branches go to the tongue and the m. geniohyoideus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001612
name: facial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The facial artery (external maxillary artery in older texts) is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies structures of the face. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Facial_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria maxillaris externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_artery]
synonym: "external maxillary artery" RELATED []
xref: EMAPA:19213
xref: FMA:49549
xref: MA:0001950
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCt95ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181328007
xref: UMLS:C0226109
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Gray508.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Gray508.png/200px-Gray508.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001070 ! external carotid artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001613
name: occipital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The occipital artery arises opposite the facial artery, its path is below the posterior belly of digastric to the occipital region. This artery supplies blood to the back of the scalp and sterno-mastoid muscles. Other muscles it supplies are deep muscles in the back and neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Occipital_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria occipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipital_artery]
xref: FMA:49586
xref: MA:0002009
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwC1IFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244219005
xref: UMLS:C0226117
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Gray508.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Gray508.png/200px-Gray508.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Occipital_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001614
name: superficial temporal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the superficial temporal artery is a major artery of the head. It arises from the external carotid artery when it bifurcates into the superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery. Its pulse is palpable superior to the zygomatic arch, anterior and superior to the tragus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria temporalis superficialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_artery]
xref: BTO:0003747
xref: FMA:49650
xref: MA:0002062
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv33WkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181325005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray1200.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray1200.png/200px-Gray1200.png
is_a: UBERON:0001632  ! temporal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001615
name: transverse facial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The transverse facial artery is an artery that branches from the superficial temporal artery and runs across the face. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transverse_facial_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria transversa faciei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_facial_artery]
xref: FMA:49657
xref: MA:0002068
xref: SCTID:146551008
xref: UMLS:C0226132
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray515.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Gray515.png/200px-Gray515.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Transverse_Facial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001616
name: maxillary artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The maxillary artery (or internal maxillary artery in older texts) is an artery that supplies deep structures of the face. It comes just out behind the neck of the mandible. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Maxillary_artery]
comment: Development notes: ...1st pair undergoes partial regression, the remnants of which becomes part of the maxillary arteries [http://download.videohelp.com/vitualis/med/Vascular_Devt.html]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria maxillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_artery]
synonym: "internal maxillary artery" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0001069
xref: EHDAA:7357
xref: EMAPA:17311
xref: FMA:49675
xref: GAID:498
xref: MA:0001919
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.523
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDDJ45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181326006
xref: UMLS:C0024949
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Gray510.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Gray510.png/200px-Gray510.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Maxillary_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: directly_develops_from UBERON:0003118 ! aortic arch 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: directly_develops_from UBERON:0003118 ! aortic arch 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001617
name: mental artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior alveolar artery (inferior dental artery) is an artery of the face. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Mental_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "mental branch of inferior alveolar artery" EXACT []
synonym: "ramus mentalis (arteria alveolaris inferior)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:49701, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:49701
xref: MA:0002002
xref: SCTID:147561008
xref: UMLS:C0226144
xref: ncithesaurus:Mental_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001618
name: buccal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The buccal artery (buccinator artery) is small and runs obliquely forward, between the Pterygoideus internus and the insertion of the Temporalis, to the outer surface of the Buccinator, to which it is distributed, anastomosing with branches of the external maxillary and with the infraorbital. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Buccal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria buccalis, arteria buccinatoria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Buccal_artery]
xref: FMA:49754
xref: MA:0001924
xref: SCTID:148066005
xref: UMLS:C0226151
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Gray508.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Gray508.png/200px-Gray508.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Buccal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001619
name: ophthalmic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The ophthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery which supplies branches to supply the eye and other structures in the orbit. It enters the orbit together with the Optic nerve through the Optic canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_artery]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria ophthalmica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_artery]
synonym: "opthalmic artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_artery]
xref: AAO:0010497
xref: EHDAA2:0001300
xref: EHDAA:7363
xref: EMAPA:17007
xref: FMA:49868
xref: GAID:503
xref: MA:0002011
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.622
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvcCxpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181310005
xref: UMLS:C0029078
xref: XAO:0000368
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray514.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Gray514.png/200px-Gray514.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Opthalmic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of internal carotid (AAO:0010219)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of internal carotid which carries blood via branches to the eye, the eye muscles, and eyelids.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001620
name: central retinal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The central retinal artery (retinal artery) branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Zinn's artery" EXACT []
synonym: "arteria centralis retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_artery]
synonym: "central artery of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "central artery of the retina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_artery]
synonym: "retinal artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:49879
xref: GAID:508
xref: MA:0002038
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.765
xref: SCTID:277771001
xref: UMLS:C0035301
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Gray514_updated.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Gray514_updated.png/200px-Gray514_updated.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Retinal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001621
name: coronary artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An artery that supplies the myocardium." [Wikipedia:Coronary_circulation#Coronary_anatomy]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "coronary arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000290
xref: EFO:0002551
xref: EMAPA:19160
xref: EMAPA:25968
xref: EV:0100383
xref: FMA:49893
xref: MA:0002453
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvoL56ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181294004
xref: UMLS:C0205042
xref: VHOG:0001557
xref: galen:CoronaryArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray492.png/200px-Gray492.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Coronary_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0003498  ! heart blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001622
name: lacrimal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The lacrimal artery arises close to the optic foramen, and is one of the largest branches derived from the ophthalmic artery: not infrequently it is given off before the artery enters the orbit. It accompanies the lacrimal nerve along the upper border of the Lateral Rectus, supplies the lacrimal gland. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "a. lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_artery]
xref: FMA:49927
xref: MA:0001988
xref: SCTID:369324002
xref: UMLS:C0226171
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray514.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001623
name: dorsal nasal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal nasal artery (nasal artery) is an artery of the head. It is one of the two terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nasal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria dorsalis nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nasal_artery]
synonym: "dorsal nasal branch of ophthalmic artery" EXACT []
synonym: "external nasal artery" EXACT []
xref: FMA:50000
xref: MA:0001945
xref: SCTID:369333000
xref: UMLS:C0226194
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray515.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Gray515.png/200px-Gray515.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Nasal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001624
name: anterior cerebral artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a pair of arteries on the brain that supply oxygen to most medial portions of frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes. The 2 anterior cerebral arteries arise from the internal carotid artery and are part of the Circle of Willis." [Wikipedia:Anterior_cerebral_artery]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria cerebri anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_cerebral_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0000128
xref: EHDAA:5296
xref: EMAPA:17854
xref: EMAPA:18614
xref: FMA:50028
xref: GAID:485
xref: MA:0001915
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.228.100
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv8biO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181309000
xref: UMLS:C0149561
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Gray517.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Gray517.png/200px-Gray517.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Cerebral_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004449  ! cerebral artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001625
name: right coronary artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Coronary artery which emerges from the anterior aortic sinus, between the right auricle and the pulmonary trunk, and supplies the right side of the heart.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_coronary_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria coronaria dextra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_coronary_artery]
synonym: "right coronary arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0004505
xref: FMA:50039
xref: MA:0002455
xref: SCTID:362037006
xref: UMLS:C1261316
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray492.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray492.png/200px-Gray492.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Coronary_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001621  ! coronary artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001626
name: left coronary artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Coronary artery which emerges from the left posterior aortic sinus, between the left auricle and the pulmonary trunk, and supplies the left side of the heart.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_coronary_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria coronaria sinistra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_coronary_artery]
synonym: "left coronary arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0004504
xref: FMA:50040
xref: MA:0002454
xref: SCTID:362034004
xref: UMLS:C1261082
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Gray495.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Gray495.png/200px-Gray495.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Coronary_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001621  ! coronary artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001627
name: middle cerebral artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the three major paired arteries that supplies blood to the cerebrum. The MCA arises from the internal carotid and continues into the lateral sulcus where it then branches and projects to many parts of the lateral cerebral cortex. It also supplies blood to the anterior temporal lobes and the insular cortices. The left and right MCAs rise from trifurcations of the internal carotid arteries and thus are connected to the anterior cerebral arteries and the posterior communicating arteries, which connect to the posterior cerebral arteries. The MCAs are not considered a part of the Circle of Willis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebral_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria cerebri media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebral_artery]
synonym: "sylvian artery" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001179
xref: EHDAA:5298
xref: EMAPA:18239
xref: EMAPA:18615
xref: FMA:50079
xref: GAID:487
xref: MA:0001935
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.228.550
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvh3qQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181312002
xref: UMLS:C0149566
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Gray517.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Gray517.png/200px-Gray517.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Cerebral_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004449  ! cerebral artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001628
name: posterior communicating artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the posterior communicating artery is one of a pair of right-sided and left-sided blood vessels in the circle of Willis. It connects the three cerebral arteries of the same side. Anteriorly, it is one portion of the terminal trifurcation of the internal carotid artery. The anterior cerebral artery and the middle cerebral artery are the other two branches of the trifurcation. Posteriorly, it communicates with the posterior cerebral artery." [Wikipedia:Posterior_communicating_artery]
comment: Taxon notes: todo - verify ZFA link: An artery that connects caudal division of the internal carotid artery and the basal communicating artery to the basilar artery
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "PCA" RELATED []
synonym: "PCS" RELATED []
synonym: "arteria cerebri communicans posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_communicating_artery]
synonym: "caudal communicating segment" EXACT [ZFA:0005001]
synonym: "posterior communicating segment of the basilar artery" EXACT [ZFA:0005001]
xref: EHDAA2:0004518
xref: EHDAA:3352
xref: EMAPA:18600
xref: FMA:50084
xref: MA:0002023
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDDlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001487
xref: SCTID:181314001
xref: TAO:0005001
xref: UMLS:C0149559
xref: ZFA:0005001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg/200px-Circle_of_Willis_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Communicating_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006347  ! communicating artery
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0003709 ! circle of Willis
property_value: external_definition "An artery that connects caudal division of the internal carotid artery and the basal communicating artery to the basilar artery. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001629
name: carotid body
namespace: uberon
def: "The carotid body (carotid glomus or glomus caroticum) is a small cluster of chemoreceptors and supporting cells located near the fork of the carotid artery (which runs along both sides of the throat). The carotid body detects changes in the composition of arterial blood flowing through it, mainly the partial pressure of oxygen, but also of carbon dioxide. Furthermore, it is also sensitive to changes in pH and temperature. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Carotid_body]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "glomus caroticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Carotid_body]
xref: BTO:0000204
xref: EMAPA:19211
xref: FMA:50095
xref: GAID:813
xref: MA:0002463
xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.120.600.150
xref: SCTID:362586000
xref: UMLS:C0007277
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray1186.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray1186.png/200px-Gray1186.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Carotid_Body
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001070 ! external carotid artery
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001630
name: muscle organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work[GO]. Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of skeletal muscle tissue aggregated into macroscopic fasciculi by connective tissue; together with other muscles, it constitutes the muscular system. Examples: biceps, diaphragm, masseter, right third external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani, serratus anterior[FMA]." [GO:0007517]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "muscle" BROAD [ZFA:0005145]
xref: AAO:0011066
xref: EV:0100146
xref: FMA:5022
xref: GAID:131
xref: MA:0000015
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2kf-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:71616004
xref: TAO:0005145
xref: VHOG:0001245
xref: XAO:0000172
xref: ZFA:0005145
xref: galen:Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0005090  ! muscle structure
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001015 ! musculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue composed of contractile fibers.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "muscular" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It seems clear that the metazoan ancestor inherited from its unicellular descendants an actin cytoskeleton and motor-proteins of the myosin superfamily. Within metazoans, these two molecules were arranged into effective contractile units, the muscles. The basic trends for muscle evolution are already expressed in the diploblastic taxa.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001631
name: thoracic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "Lymphatic trunk that connects all tributaries of the thoracic duct tree to the trunk of the left brachiocephalic vein[FMA]." [FMA:5031, Wikipedia:Thoracic_duct]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ductus thoracicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracic_duct]
synonym: "trunk of thoracic duct tree" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0004501
xref: EMAPA:19310
xref: FMA:5031
xref: GAID:1290
xref: MA:0002801
xref: MESH:A15.382.520.869
xref: SCTID:362600004
xref: TAO:0005110
xref: UMLS:C0039979
xref: ZFA:0005110
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray599.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gray599.png/200px-Gray599.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002065 ! posterior cardinal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001632
name: temporal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the superficial temporal artery is a major artery of the head. It arises from the external carotid artery when it bifurcates into the superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery. Its pulse is palpable superior to the zygomatic arch, anterior and superior to the tragus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Temporal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AAO:0010495
xref: FMA:50438
xref: GAID:489
xref: MA:0002061
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.228.868
xref: UMLS:C0039482
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray1200.png/200px-Gray1200.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of lateral pretrosal artery (AAO:0010494)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of lateral pretrosal artery which supplies blood to the eyelids.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001633
name: basilar artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the basilar artery is one of the arteries that supplies the brain with oxygen-rich blood. The two vertebral arteries and the basilar artery are sometimes together called the vertebrobasilar system, which supplies blood to the posterior part of circle of Willis and anastomoses with blood supplied to the anterior part of the circle of Willis from the carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Basilar_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: unverified_taxonomic_grouping  ! Indicates that the class encompasses classes from other AOs that have not been verified
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "BA" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000163
xref: EHDAA:5285
xref: EMAPA:17307
xref: FMA:50542
xref: GAID:474
xref: MA:0001920
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.106
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJTtcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244215004
xref: TAO:0005002
xref: UMLS:C0004811
xref: VHOG:0000237
xref: ZFA:0005002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg/200px-Circle_of_Willis_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Basilar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001535 ! vertebral artery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001535 ! vertebral artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001533 ! subclavian artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head
property_value: homology_notes "The major artery supplying the hindbrain, the basilar artery, runs along the ventral keel of the hindbrain in all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001634
name: mesencephalic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Develops from the proximal portion of the primitive mesencephalic artery. <a href='ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-010205-5'>Isogai et al.2001.</a>" [ZFIN:curator]
comment: Editor notes: review this term, check taxon scope
synonym: "MsA" RELATED []
xref: FMA:50570
xref: TAO:0001068
xref: XAO:0004173
xref: ZFA:0001068
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from primitive mesencephalic artery (TAO:0001062)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Develops from the proximal portion of the primitive mesencephalic artery. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001635
name: superior cerebellar artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior cerebellar artery (SCA) arises near the termination of the basilar artery. It passes lateralward, immediately below the oculomotor nerve, which separates it from the posterior cerebral artery, winds around the cerebral peduncle, close to the trochlear nerve, and, arriving at the upper surface of the cerebellum, divides into branches which ramify in the pia mater and anastomose with those of the inferior cerebellar arteries. Several branches are given to the pineal body, the anterior medullary velum, and the tela chorioidea of the third ventricle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria superior cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0000681
xref: EMAPA:19309
xref: FMA:50573
xref: MA:0001934
xref: SCTID:244214000
xref: UMLS:C0149575
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/CerebellumArteries.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CerebellumArteries.jpg/200px-CerebellumArteries.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Cerebellar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0003472  ! cerebellar artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001633 ! basilar artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001636
name: posterior cerebral artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior cerebral artery (PCA) is one of a pair of blood vessels that supplies oxygenated blood to the posterior aspect of the brain in human anatomy]. It arises near the intersection of the posterior communicating artery and the basilar artery and connects with the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) and internal carotid artery via the posterior communicating artery (PCommA). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_cerebral_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria cerebri posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_cerebral_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0000659
xref: EMAPA:17861
xref: EMAPA:18616
xref: FMA:50583
xref: GAID:488
xref: MA:0002022
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.228.700
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwO4qIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181313007
xref: UMLS:C0149576
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Gray517.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Gray517.png/200px-Gray517.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Cerebral_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004449  ! cerebral artery
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001633 ! basilar artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001633 ! basilar artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001637
name: artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelial tube or tree of tibes that transports blood away from the heart[modified from AEO definition]." [AEO:JB]
comment: Editor notes: Note that in FMA an artery is a tree, whereas AEO/JB defines it as a tube; FMA includes a separate class for what it calls the trunk. Classification in this ontology may currently (Jan 2012) represent a mix of both schemes, although we are gradually revising in the direction of the AEO scheme.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arterial subtree" EXACT []
synonym: "arterial system" RELATED []
synonym: "arterial tree organ part" EXACT []
synonym: "arterial vessel" RELATED []
synonym: "arteries" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000005]
xref: AAO:0010211
xref: AEO:0000208
xref: BTO:0000573
xref: EFO:0000814
xref: EHDAA2:0000143
xref: EHDAA2:0003253
xref: EV:0100026
xref: FMA:50720
xref: GAID:468
xref: MA:0000064
xref: MAT:0000034
xref: MESH:A07.231.114
xref: MIAA:0000034
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjknZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362877004
xref: TAO:0000005
xref: UMLS:C0003842
xref: VHOG:0001251
xref: XAO:0000114
xref: ZFA:0000005
xref: galen:Artery
xref: ncithesaurus:Artery
is_a: UBERON:0003509  ! arterial blood vessel
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system
property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "arterial" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001638
name: vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart." [Wikipedia:Vein]
comment: TODO - check with MA - vein vs venous blood vessel
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "vena" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vein]
synonym: "venae" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001743]
synonym: "venous subtree" BROAD []
synonym: "venous tree organ part" EXACT []
synonym: "venous vessel" BROAD []
xref: AAO:0010212
xref: AEO:0000209
xref: BTO:0000234
xref: EFO:0000816
xref: EHDAA2:0003254
xref: EV:0100031
xref: FMA:50723
xref: GAID:492
xref: MA:0000067
xref: MAT:0000037
xref: MESH:A07.231.908
xref: MIAA:0000037
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjkWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181367001
xref: TAO:0000082
xref: UMLS:C0042449
xref: VHOG:0001252
xref: VHOG:0001743
xref: XAO:0000115
xref: ZFA:0000082
xref: galen:Vein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Venous_system_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Venous_system_en.svg/200px-Venous_system_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vein
is_a: UBERON:0003920  ! venous blood vessel
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001982 ! capillary
property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry blood from other organs, tissues, and cells to the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001639
name: hepatic portal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A portal vein that transports nutrients from the digestive tract to the liver[Kardong]. A vein in the abdominal cavity that drains blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen. It is usually formed by the confluence of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins, and also receives blood from the inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins. The hepatic portal vein is a major component of the hepatic portal system, one of the main portal venous systems in the body. Conditions involving the hepatic portal vein cause considerable illness and death. An important example of such a condition is elevated blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein. This condition, called portal hypertension, is a major complication of cirrhosis worldwide. [WP,unvetted]." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Hepatic_portal_vein, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&amp;aid=3091300&amp;group_id=76834&amp;atid=1205376]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "HPV" RELATED []
synonym: "hepatic portal tree" EXACT []
synonym: "liver portal vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portal vein" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "portal vein of liver" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary hepatic portal vein" RELATED [ZFA:0005090]
synonym: "primary hepatic portal veins" RELATED []
synonym: "vena portae hepatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hepatic_portal_vein]
xref: AAO:0010214
xref: FMA:50735
xref: MA:0002132
xref: TAO:0005090
xref: VHOG:0000642
xref: ZFA:0005090
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png
is_a: UBERON:0002017  ! portal vein
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005487 ! vitelline vein
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002107 ! liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010194 ! hepatic portal system
property_value: homology_notes "Adults of all vertebrates lose the vitelline veins and establish a single large hepatic portal vein (...) by the selective retention of parts of the left and right subintestinals and of several anastomoses that occur between them within and just posterior to the liver.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001640
name: celiac artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The celiac artery, also known as the celiac trunk, is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta." [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
comment: dorsal aorta in Kardong
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria cEliaca" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "arteria coeliaca" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "celiac tree" EXACT []
synonym: "coeliac artery" EXACT [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "coeliac axis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "coeliac trunck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "coeliac trunk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "truncus cEliacus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "truncus coeliacus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0004519
xref: FMA:50737
xref: GAID:483
xref: MA:0001931
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.207
xref: SCTID:181340007
xref: UMLS:C0007569
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray532.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray532.png/200px-Gray532.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Coeliac_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001193  ! hepatic artery
is_a: UBERON:0001194  ! splenic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005616  ! mesenteric artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006002 ! vitelline artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002107 ! liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001641
name: transverse sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The transverse sinuses (left and right lateral sinuses), within a human head, are two areas beneath the brain, which allow blood veins to span the area, from the back of the head towards the nose. They drain from the straight sinus and superior sagittal sinus (along the top and back of the brain) to the sigmoid sinuses (at the center of the head), at the internal jugular vein. See diagram (at right): labeled under the brain as '' . The transverse sinuses are of large size and begin at the internal occipital protuberance; one, generally the right, being the direct continuation of the superior sagittal sinus, the other of the straight sinus. Each transverse sinus passes lateralward and forward, describing a slight curve with its convexity upward, to the base of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, and lies, in this part of its course, in the attached margin of the tentorium cerebelli; it then leaves the tentorium and curves downward and medialward to reach the jugular foramen, where it ends in the internal jugular vein. In its course it rests upon the squama of the occipital, the mastoid angle of the parietal, the mastoid part of the temporal, and, just before its termination, the jugular process of the occipital; the portion which occupies the groove on the mastoid part of the temporal is sometimes termed the sigmoid sinus. The transverse sinuses are frequently of unequal size, with the one formed by the superior sagittal sinus being the larger; they increase in size as they proceed, from back to center. On transverse section, the horizontal portion exhibits a prismatic form, the curved portion has a semicylindrical form. They receive the blood from the superior petrosal sinuses at the base of the petrous portion of the temporal bone; they communicate with the veins of the pericranium by means of the mastoid and condyloid emissary veins; and they receive some of the inferior cerebral and inferior cerebellar veins, and some veins from the diploC+. The petrosquamous sinus, when present, runs backward along the junction of the squama and petrous portion of the temporal, and opens into the transverse sinus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses]
comment: todo - check su
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "groove for right and left transverse sinuses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses]
synonym: "lateral sinus" RELATED [FMA:50763]
synonym: "sinus transversus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses]
synonym: "sinus transversus durae matris" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses]
synonym: "transverse sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses]
synonym: "transverse sinus vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses]
xref: EMAPA:18637
xref: FMA:50763
xref: MA:0001868
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDb62ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:279262004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif/200px-Gray488_blue.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Transverse_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0006615  ! venous sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001642
name: superior sagittal sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior sagittal sinus (also known as the superior longitudinal sinus), within a human cranium, is an area above/behind the brain, which allows blood veins to span the area, from the top of the head towards the back. It is believed that the cerebrospinal fluid drains through the arachnoid granulations into the dural venous sinuses of the superior sagittal sinus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_sagittal_sinus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sinus sagittalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_sagittal_sinus]
xref: FMA:50767
xref: MA:0001867
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9naEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362075006
xref: UMLS:C0226859
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif/200px-Gray488_blue.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Sagittal_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0006615  ! venous sinus
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009968 ! primitive superior sagittal sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001643
name: oculomotor nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve which connects the midbrain to the extra-ocular and intra-ocular muscles. // Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Oculomotor_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CN-III" RELATED []
synonym: "Oculomotor nerve [III]" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve III" RELATED []
synonym: "nervus oculomotorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oculomotor_nerve]
synonym: "nervus oculomotorius [iii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50864, FMA:TA]
synonym: "occulomotor" RELATED []
synonym: "oculomotor III" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001284]
synonym: "oculomotor III nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "oculomotor nerve tree" EXACT []
synonym: "third cranial nerve" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010468
xref: BM:MB-IIIN
xref: EHDAA2:0001284
xref: EHDAA:3736
xref: EMAPA:17574
xref: FMA:50864
xref: GAID:829
xref: MA:0001095
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.600
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1646
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvj7pZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362456009
xref: TAO:0000405
xref: UMLS:C0028864
xref: VHOG:0000692
xref: XAO:0003090
xref: ZFA:0000405
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Gray776.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Gray776.png/200px-Gray776.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Oculomotor_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010285 ! midbrain basal plate
relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0005073 ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Somatic efferent fibers which innervate four eye muscles.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001644
name: trochlear nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Trochlear_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CN-IV" RELATED []
synonym: "Trochlear nerve [IV]" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve IV" RELATED []
synonym: "fourth cranial nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus trochlearis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trochlear_nerve]
synonym: "nervus trochlearis [iv]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50865, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pathetic nerve" RELATED []
synonym: "superior oblique nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "trochlear" RELATED []
synonym: "trochlear IV nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "trochlear nerve tree" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010469
xref: BM:IVN
xref: EHDAA2:0002090
xref: EMAPA:18218
xref: FMA:50865
xref: GAID:838
xref: MA:0001105
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.800
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1654
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvyeBQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180939009
xref: TAO:0000600
xref: UMLS:C0041159
xref: VHOG:0000705
xref: XAO:0003091
xref: ZFA:0000600
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Trochlear_nerve.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Trochlear_nerve.png/200px-Trochlear_nerve.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Trochlear_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
property_value: external_definition "Somatic efferent nerve which supplies a single eye muscle, the m. obliquus superior.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001645
name: trigeminal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve that has three branches - the ophthalmic (supplying the skin of the nose and upper jaw), the maxillary and the mandibular (supplying the lower jaw)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve]
comment: Taxon notes: the ophthalmic usually usually merges with the other two. In some vertebrates, the ophthalmic emerges from the brain separately[Kardong] The trigeminal nerve has 3 branches in mammals - similar branches are present in nonmammalian vertebrates, but in some a separate profundus nerve that corresponds to opthalmic branch in mammls[ISBN10:0471888893]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CN-V" RELATED []
synonym: "cranial nerve V" RELATED []
synonym: "fifth cranial nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus trigeminus" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0001072, Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve]
synonym: "nervus trigeminus [v]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50866, FMA:TA]
synonym: "trigeminal V" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002084]
synonym: "trigeminal nerve [V]" EXACT []
synonym: "trigeminal nerve tree" EXACT []
synonym: "trigeminal v nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "trigeminus" RELATED [BTO:0001072]
xref: AAO:0010470
xref: BM:VN
xref: BTO:0001072
xref: EFO:0001402
xref: EHDAA2:0002084
xref: EHDAA:3738
xref: EMAPA:17576
xref: FMA:50866
xref: GAID:726
xref: MA:0001100
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_869
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwMF8CJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362459002
xref: TAO:0000697
xref: UMLS:C0040996
xref: VHOG:0000704
xref: XAO:0003092
xref: ZFA:0000697
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Gray778_Trigeminal.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Gray778_Trigeminal.png/200px-Gray778_Trigeminal.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Trigeminal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 ! basal plate metencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Nerve consists of motor and sensory components. Ganglion cells of the sensory component form the proximal part of the trigeminal (Gasserian) ganglion. From the ganglion 3 major rami innervate jaws, snout, and buccal roof.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001646
name: abducens nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Abducens_nerve]
comment: Taxon notes: Homologous abducens nerves are found in all vertebrates except lampreys and hagfishes.[WP] It controls the movement of a single muscle, the lateral rectus muscle of the eye, in humans. In most other mammals it also innervates the musculus retractor bulbi, which can retract the eye for protection[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CN-VI" RELATED []
synonym: "abducens VI nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "abducens nerve [VI]" EXACT []
synonym: "abducens nerve tree" EXACT []
synonym: "abducent nerve" RELATED []
synonym: "abducent nerve [VI]" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve VI" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral rectus nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus abducens" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Abducens_nerve]
synonym: "nervus abducens [VI]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50867, FMA:TA]
synonym: "sixth cranial nerve" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010471
xref: BM:Pons-VIN
xref: EHDAA2:0000103
xref: FMA:50867
xref: GAID:824
xref: MA:0001087
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.030
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_876
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvjl41ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180941005
xref: TAO:0000310
xref: UMLS:C0000741
xref: VHOG:0000697
xref: XAO:0003093
xref: ZFA:0000310
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Abducens_nerve1.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Abducens_nerve1.png/200px-Abducens_nerve1.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Abducens_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005239 ! basal plate metencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Somatic motor nerve which bifurcates innervating m. rectus lateralis and m. retractor bulbi (eye muscles).[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001647
name: facial nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the supraorbital (supplying the skin of the eye region and the lateral line organs here), the palatine (to the roof of the buccal cavity), and the hyomandibular (dividing into the jugular and mental branches)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Facial_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CN-VII" RELATED []
synonym: "Facial nerve [VII]" EXACT []
synonym: "branchiomeric cranial nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve VII" RELATED []
synonym: "face nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "facial VII" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000489]
synonym: "facial VII nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "facial nerve tree" EXACT []
synonym: "nerve of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nervus facialis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_nerve, ZFA:0000664]
synonym: "nervus facialis [vii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50868, FMA:TA]
synonym: "seventh cranial nerve" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010472
xref: BM:Pons-VIIN
xref: EHDAA2:0000489
xref: EHDAA:3729
xref: EMAPA:17796
xref: FMA:50868
xref: GAID:719
xref: MA:0001091
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.250
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_827
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvthgEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362460007
xref: TAO:0000664
xref: UMLS:C0015462
xref: VHOG:0000706
xref: XAO:0003094
xref: ZFA:0000664
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Cranial_nerve_VII.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Cranial_nerve_VII.svg/200px-Cranial_nerve_VII.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
is_a: UBERON:0011779  ! nerve of head region
relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0005073 ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 ! basal plate metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
property_value: external_definition "Slender nerve composed of branchiomotor and visceral efferent fibers innervating the mouth and various muscles within the jaw. Sensory components innervate the bucccal roof and somatomotor components innervate the depressor musculature and muscle interhyoideus.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001648
name: vestibulocochlear nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the ear." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Vestibulocochlear_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CN-VIII" EXACT []
synonym: "VIII nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "VIIIth cranial nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII]" EXACT []
synonym: "acoustic VIII nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "acoustic nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "acoustic nerve (crosby)" EXACT []
synonym: "cochlear-vestibular nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "cochleovestibular nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve VIII" EXACT []
synonym: "eighth cranial nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus vestibulocochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0003490]
synonym: "nervus vestibulocochlearis [viii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50869, FMA:TA]
synonym: "octaval nerve" RELATED []
synonym: "stato-acoustic nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "statoacoustic nerve" RELATED []
synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "vestibulocochlear nerve tree" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010473
xref: BTO:0003490
xref: EHDAA2:0002194
xref: EMAPA:17801
xref: FMA:50869
xref: GAID:839
xref: MA:0001109
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.910
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_890
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjMFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180945001
xref: TAO:0000247
xref: UMLS:C0001162
xref: VHOG:0000695
xref: XAO:0003095
xref: ZFA:0000247
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray789.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray789.png/200px-Gray789.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibulocochlear_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode
property_value: external_definition "Nerve primarily composed of special somatic afferent fibers innervating the inner ear, and is involved in balance, position, and hearing.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001649
name: glossopharyngeal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the ramus communicans (to the skin), the pretrematic (to the walls of the pharynx and mouth, viscero-sensory fibers), and the larval post-trematic branch (lost in the adult)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Glossopharyngeal_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CN-IX" RELATED []
synonym: "Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve IX" RELATED []
synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000709]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve tree" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus glossopharyngeus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Glossopharyngeal_nerve, ZFA:0000668]
synonym: "nervus glossopharyngeus [ix]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50870, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ninth cranial nerve" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010474
xref: BTO:0004979
xref: EHDAA2:0000709
xref: EHDAA:3733
xref: EMAPA:17268
xref: FMA:50870
xref: GAID:827
xref: MA:0001093
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.290
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_899
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwIr5X5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362465002
xref: TAO:0000668
xref: UMLS:C0017679
xref: VHOG:0000701
xref: XAO:0003096
xref: ZFA:0000668
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Glossopharyngeal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 ! basal plate metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system
property_value: external_definition "Small nerve consisting of branchiomotor and visceral efferent and afferent fibers which innervate the m. subarculais rectus I, dorsal buccal mucosa, and the tongue.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001650
name: hypoglossal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Nerve that innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue." [GO:0021566, Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "CN-XII" RELATED [VHOG:0000693]
synonym: "Hypoglossal nerve [XII]" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve XII" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_820]
synonym: "hypoglossal XII" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000798]
synonym: "hypoglossal XII nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "hypoglossal nerve tree" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus hypoglossus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nerve]
synonym: "nervus hypoglossus [xii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50871, FMA:TA]
synonym: "twelfth cranial nerve" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010477
xref: BTO:0003386
xref: EHDAA2:0000798
xref: EHDAA:2859
xref: EMAPA:17269
xref: FMA:50871
xref: GAID:828
xref: MA:0001094
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.330
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_820
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9eWA5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362471008
xref: UMLS:C0020614
xref: VHOG:0000693
xref: XAO:0004215
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gray794.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hypoglossal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
property_value: external_definition "Cranial nerve that innervates muscles in the tongue. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-14, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Nerve which innervates the muscles associated with the tongue including mm geniohyoideus, genioglossus, hyoglossus and rectus cervicis.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001651
name: right pulmonary artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The pulmonary arteries carry blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood. In the human heart, the pulmonary trunk (pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery) begins at the base of the right ventricle. It is short and wide - approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in length and 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter. It then branches into two pulmonary arteries (left and right), which deliver deoxygenated blood to the corresponding lung. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Right_pulmonary_artery]
comment: TODO - add class 'pulmonary artery tree organ'
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria pulmonalis dextra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_pulmonary_artery]
synonym: "right main pulmonary artery" EXACT []
synonym: "right pulmonary arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: FMA:50872
xref: MA:0002500
xref: SCTID:244235003
xref: UMLS:C0923924
xref: galen:RightPulmonaryArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray504.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Pulmonary_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0002012  ! pulmonary artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001652
name: left pulmonary artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The pulmonary arteries carry blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood. In the human heart, the pulmonary trunk (pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery) begins at the base of the right ventricle. It is short and wide - approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in length and 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter. It then branches into two pulmonary arteries (left and right), which deliver deoxygenated blood to the corresponding lung. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_pulmonary_artery]
comment: TODO - add class 'pulmonary artery tree organ'
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria pulmonalis sinistra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_pulmonary_artery]
synonym: "left main pulmonary artery" EXACT []
synonym: "left pulmonary arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: FMA:50873
xref: MA:0002032
xref: SCTID:244234004
xref: UMLS:C0923925
xref: galen:LeftPulmonaryArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray504.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Pulmonary_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0002012  ! pulmonary artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001653
name: facial vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior facial vein (facial vein) commences at the side of the root of the nose, and is a direct continuation of the angular vein where it also receives a small nasal branch. It lies behind the facial artery and follows a less tortuous course. It receives blood from the external palatine vein before it either joins the anterior branch of the retromandibular vein to form the common facial vein, or drains directly into the internal jugular vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Facial_vein]
comment: Comment note MA and NCITA also has 'anterior facial vein'
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior facial vein" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Facial_vein]
synonym: "face vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vena facialis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_vein]
xref: AAO:0010513
xref: EMAPA:19220
xref: FMA:50874
xref: MA:0002115
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvziz3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181374006
xref: UMLS:C0226532
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001586 ! internal jugular vein
property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from muscles of the head and drains into the external jugular vein.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001654
name: supra-orbital vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The supraorbital vein begins on the forehead where it communicates with the frontal branch of the superficial temporal vein. It runs downward superficial to the Frontalis muscle, and joins the frontal vein at the medial angle of the orbit to form the angular vein. Previous to its junction with the frontal vein, it sends through the supraorbital notch into the orbit a branch which communicates with the ophthalmic vein; as this vessel passes through the notch, it receives the frontal diploic vein through a foramen at the bottom of the notch. The areas drained by this vessel are the forehead, eyebrow and upper eyelid. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Supra-orbital_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "supraorbital vein" EXACT []
xref: FMA:50904
xref: MA:0002228
xref: SCTID:152006005
xref: UMLS:C0226535
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Supra-orbital_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001655
name: submental vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:50925
xref: MA:0002223
xref: SCTID:152309009
xref: UMLS:C0226541
xref: ncithesaurus:Submental_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001656
name: retromandibular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The retromandibular vein (temporomaxillary vein, posterior facial vein), formed by the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins, descends in the substance of the parotid gland, superficial to the external carotid artery but beneath the facial nerve, between the ramus of the mandible and the sternocleidomastoideus muscle. It divides into two branches: an anterior, which passes forward and unites with the anterior facial vein to form the common facial vein. a posterior, which is joined by the posterior auricular vein and becomes the external jugular vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Retromandibular_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "posterior facial vein" EXACT []
synonym: "vena facialis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Retromandibular_vein]
synonym: "vena retromandibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Retromandibular_vein]
xref: FMA:50928
xref: MA:0002117
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv0bn95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:151299003
xref: UMLS:C0226520
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Temporo-maxillary_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001653  ! facial vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 ! external jugular vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001657
name: superficial temporal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The superficial temporal vein is a vein of the side of the head. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "venae temporales superficiales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_vein]
xref: BTO:0003748
xref: EMAPA:19315
xref: FMA:50932
xref: MA:0002242
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmANWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:150087005
xref: UMLS:C0226521
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Temporal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001671  ! temporal vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 ! external jugular vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 ! retromandibular vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001658
name: middle temporal vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:50935
xref: MA:0002241
xref: SCTID:151400007
is_a: UBERON:0001671  ! temporal vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 ! external jugular vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 ! retromandibular vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001659
name: transverse facial vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The superficial temporal vein is a vein of the side of the head. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:50938
xref: MA:0002247
xref: SCTID:151501009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 ! external jugular vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 ! retromandibular vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001660
name: maxillary vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The maxillary veins (internal maxillary vein in older sources) consist of a short trunk which accompanies the first part of the internal maxillary artery. It is formed by a confluence of the veins of the pterygoid plexus, and passes backward between the sphenomandibular ligament and the neck of the mandible, and unites with the superficial temporal vein to form the retromandibular vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Maxillary_vein]
comment: Taxon notes: in horses, a branch of the external jugular gives off the occipital and caudal auricular vein
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:50941
xref: MA:0002169
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlDSc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:29972009
xref: UMLS:C0226524
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Maxillary_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 ! retromandibular vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001661
name: deep temporal vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:50954
xref: MA:0002240
xref: SCTID:798000
xref: UMLS:C0226526
xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Temporal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001671  ! temporal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001662
name: anterior auricular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior auricular veins are veins which drain the anterior aspect of the external ear. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_auricular_veins]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "venae auriculares anteriores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_auricular_veins]
xref: FMA:50956
xref: MA:0002083
xref: SCTID:151602009
xref: UMLS:C0226527
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Auricular_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0006197  ! auricular vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 ! retromandibular vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001663
name: cerebral vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The cerebral veins are divisible into external and internal groups according to the outer surfaces or the inner parts of the hemispheres they drain into. The external veins are the superior cerebral veins, inferior cerebral veins, and middle cerebral vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_veins]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "venae cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_veins]
synonym: "venae encephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_veins]
xref: FMA:50981
xref: GAID:530
xref: MA:0002096
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.155
xref: SCTID:244392000
xref: UMLS:C0007797
xref: XAO:0004160
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Gray568.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Gray568.png/200px-Gray568.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001664
name: inferior cerebral vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior cerebral veins, of small size, drain the under surfaces of the hemispheres. Those on the orbital surface of the frontal lobe join the superior cerebral veins, and through these open into the superior sagittal sinus. Those of the temporal lobe anastomose with the middle cerebral and basal veins, and join the cavernous, sphenoparietal, and superior petrosal sinuses. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebral_veins]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:50986
xref: MA:0002097
xref: SCTID:244395003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Gray517.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Gray517.png/200px-Gray517.png
is_a: UBERON:0001663  ! cerebral vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001665
name: triceps surae
namespace: uberon
def: "The triceps surae is a pair of muscles located at the calf - the gastrocnemius and the soleus. These muscles both insert into the calcaneus, the bone of the heel of the human foot, and form the major part of the muscle of the back part of the lower leg, commonly known as the calf muscle. The triceps surae is connected to the foot through the Achilles tendon, and has 3 heads deriving from the 2 major masses of muscle. The superficial portion (the gastrocnemius) gives off 2 heads attaching to the base of the femur directly above the knee. The deep (profundis) mass of muscle (the soleus) forms the remaining head which attaches to the superior posterior area of the tibia. The triceps surae is innervated by the tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L5bS2. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle]
comment: A set of muscles in FMA, a single organ in MA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "calf muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle]
synonym: "gastrosoleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle]
synonym: "gastrosoleus complex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle]
synonym: "musculus triceps surae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle]
synonym: "sural triceps" RELATED []
xref: FMA:51062
xref: MA:0002400
xref: UMLS:C0224458
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Triceps_Surae
is_a: UBERON:0004256  ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003701 ! calcaneal tendon
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001323 ! tibial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001666
name: flexor digitorum longus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Flexor digitorum longus is situated on the tibial side of the leg. At its origin it is thin and pointed, but it gradually increases in size as it descends. This muscle serves to curl the second, third, fourth, and fifth toes (flexion of phalanges II-V). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_longus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0000466
xref: FMA:51071
xref: MA:0002299
xref: SCTID:181703002
xref: UMLS:C1261048
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray442.png/200px-Gray442.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Digitorum_Longus
is_a: UBERON:0001383  ! muscle of leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001667
name: tibialis posterior
namespace: uberon
def: "The Tibialis posterior is the most central of all the leg muscles, and is located in the posterior compartment of the leg. It is the key stabilizing muscle of the lower leg. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tibialis_posterior_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ibialis posticus" RELATED [BTO:0000867]
synonym: "musculus tibialis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tibialis_posterior_muscle]
synonym: "posterior tibialis" RELATED [BTO:0000867]
synonym: "tibialis caudalis" EXACT []
synonym: "tibialis posterior muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000867]
xref: BTO:0000867
xref: FMA:51099
xref: MA:0002394
xref: SCTID:361824007
xref: UMLS:C1711425
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Gray442.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray442.png/200px-Gray442.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tibialis_Caudalis
is_a: UBERON:0008230  ! tibialis
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001452 ! distal tarsal bone 1
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001323 ! tibial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001668
name: cerebellar vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Cerebellar veins are veins which drain the cerebellum. More specifically, they are: Superior cerebellar veins Inferior cerebellar veins [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_veins]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "cerebellum vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epencephalon-1 vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of cerebellum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of epencephalon-1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:51227
xref: MA:0002093
xref: SCTID:40693009
xref: UMLS:C0226601
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: drains UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001669
name: superior cerebellar vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior cerebellar veins pass partly forward and medialward, across the superior vermis, to end in the straight sinus and the internal cerebral veins, partly lateralward to the transverse and superior petrosal sinuses. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vein of superior cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT []
xref: FMA:51232
xref: MA:0002095
xref: SCTID:64307009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray704.png/200px-Gray704.png
is_a: UBERON:0001668  ! cerebellar vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001670
name: inferior cerebellar vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior cerebellar veins are of large size, end in the transverse, superior petrosal, and occipital sinuses. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "inferior vein of cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT []
xref: FMA:51233
xref: MA:0002094
xref: SCTID:69104006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray704.png/200px-Gray704.png
is_a: UBERON:0001668  ! cerebellar vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001671
name: temporal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The superficial temporal vein is a vein of the side of the head. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:51302
xref: MA:0002239
xref: UMLS:C0924206
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001672
name: anterior cerebral vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ACeV" RELATED []
synonym: "rostral cerebral vein" RELATED []
xref: FMA:51306
xref: SCTID:55155007
xref: TAO:0001067
xref: XAO:0004158
xref: ZFA:0001067
is_a: UBERON:0001663  ! cerebral vein
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001673
name: central retinal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The central retinal vein (retinal vein) is a short vein that runs through the optic nerve and drains blood from the capillaries of the retina into the larger veins outside the eye. The anatomy of the veins of the orbit of the eye varies between individuals, and in some the central retinal vein drains into the superior ophthalmic vein, and in some it drains directly into the cavernous sinus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "retinal vein" EXACT []
synonym: "vena centralis retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_vein]
xref: EFO:0004271
xref: FMA:51799
xref: GAID:524
xref: MA:0002213
xref: MESH:A07.231.611.773
xref: SCTID:280913005
xref: UMLS:C0035327
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray572.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray572.png/200px-Gray572.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Retinal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003712 ! cavernous sinus
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001674
name: masseteric vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A plexiform vein accompanying the masseteric artery that empty into the pterygoid venous plexus." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/masseteric-veins.html]
synonym: "masseteric veins" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: FMA:52519
xref: MA:0002167
xref: UMLS:C0925179
xref: ncithesaurus:Masseteric_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: drains UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001675
name: trigeminal ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "A prominent collection of touch-sensory neurons of the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve, positioned beside the brain between the eye and the ear. <a href='http://zfin.org/cgi-bin/ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-961014-576'>Kimmel et al, 1995.</a>" [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion, ZFIN:curator]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "5th ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000295]
synonym: "Gasser's ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0001231]
synonym: "Gasserian ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion]
synonym: "Gasserian ganglion" EXACT [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion]
synonym: "fifth ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000295]
synonym: "gV" RELATED []
synonym: "ganglion of trigeminal nerve" RELATED [BTO:0001231]
synonym: "ganglion trigeminale" RELATED [BTO:0001231]
synonym: "ganglion trigeminale, ganglion semilunare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion]
synonym: "semilunar ganglion" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "trigeminal V ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001080]
synonym: "trigeminal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "trigeminus ganglion" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011107
xref: BTO:0001231
xref: EFO:0000903
xref: EHDAA2:0002085
xref: EHDAA:2113
xref: EMAPA:16797
xref: FMA:52618
xref: GAID:725
xref: MA:0001080
xref: MAT:0000511
xref: MESH:A08.340.390.850
xref: SCTID:244449009
xref: TAO:0000295
xref: UMLS:C0040995
xref: VHOG:0000694
xref: XAO:0000427
xref: XAO:0000428
xref: ZFA:0000295
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Gray776.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Gray776.png/200px-Gray776.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Trigeminal_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001800  ! sensory ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003070 ! trigeminal placode
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005563 ! trigeminal neural crest
property_value: external_definition "A prominent collection of touch-sensory neurons of the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve, positioned beside the brain between the eye and the ear. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001676
name: occipital bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A saucer-shaped membrane bone situated at the back and lower part of the cranium, is trapezoid in shape and curved on itself. It is pierced by a large oval aperture, the foramen magnum, through which the cranial cavity communicates with the vertebral canal." [Wikipedia:Occipital_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: fusion of basi-, exo- and supra-occipitals (and maybe tabular)[Kardong]. Development notes: formed from the sclerotome of the occipital somites[PMID:11523816]. It is not present in living or fossil agnathans or cartilaginous fishes, but appears to have arisen in parallel in many bony fishes. Incorporation of the occipital ver- tebrae into the skull was associated with the an- nexation of the upper part of the spinal cord into the brain, together with the first 2 spinal nerves as cranial nerves XI and XII[PMID:11523816]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "occipital complex" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/occiput.html]
synonym: "occipital squama" RELATED []
synonym: "os occipitale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipital_bone]
xref: EMAPA:25112
xref: FMA:52735
xref: GAID:227
xref: MA:0001468
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.572
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQtsiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181796003
xref: UMLS:C0028784
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray194.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray194.png/200px-Gray194.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Occipital_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0010428  ! flat bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005902 ! occipital region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001677
name: sphenoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "an unpaired bone situated at the base of the skull in front of the temporal bone and basilar part of the occipital bone. The sphenoid bone is one of the seven bones that articulate to form the orbit. Its shape somewhat resembles that of a butterfly or bat with its wings extended." [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone]
comment: part of viscerocranium in FMA, part of chondrocranium in MA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "butterfly bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone]
synonym: "os sphenoidale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52736, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone]
synonym: "os sphenoidum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone]
synonym: "sphenoid" EXACT []
synonym: "sphenoid complex" RELATED []
synonym: "sphenoidal bone" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18340
xref: FMA:52736
xref: GAID:230
xref: MA:0001472
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.802
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAU9XpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:272676008
xref: UMLS:C0037884
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg/200px-Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Sphenoid_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008193  ! pneumatized bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009193 ! sphenoid bone cartilage condensation
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001678
name: temporal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull, and lateral to the temporal lobes of the cerebrum." [Wikipedia:Temporal_bone]
comment: The temporal bone consists of four parts: * Squama temporalis * Mastoid portion * Petrous portion (Petrosal ridge) * Tympanic part[WP]. AO notes: Note the Temporal bone is not explicitly categorized to a part of the cranium in FMA. Taxon notes: fusion of squamosal + angular (tympanic annulus) [derm.] + petrosal (prootic + opisthotic)[chond.] + styloid process[splanc.] // In many mammals, as in humans, the petrosal, ectotympanic and squamosal bones synostose to form the temporal bone
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "os temporale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_bone]
xref: EHDAA:6035
xref: EMAPA:17682
xref: EMAPA:18020
xref: FMA:52737
xref: GAID:232
xref: MA:0001476
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.885
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvbkAk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181795004
xref: UMLS:C0039484
xref: VHOG:0000800
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg/200px-Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008193  ! pneumatized bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001679
name: ethmoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "a bone in the skull that separates the nasal cavity from the brain. As such, it is located at the roof of the nose, between the two orbits. The cubical bone is lightweight due to a spongy construction. The ethmoid bone is one of the bones that makes up the orbit of the eye[WP]" [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_bone]
comment: AO notes: Note the WP states the Neurocranium contains the ethmoid bone, both MA and FMA place the ethmoid as part of the viscerocranium. FMA also has it in neurocranium (via basicranium). Ideally we would have non-overlapping divisions of the skull, but for now we follow FMA. Taxon notes: todo - homology e.g. mesethmoid of teleost
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ethmoid" EXACT [FMA:52740]
synonym: "ethmoidal bone" EXACT [MP:0000101]
synonym: "os ethmoidale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52740, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Ethmoid]
xref: BTO:0004140
xref: EMAPA:19018
xref: FMA:52740
xref: GAID:212
xref: MA:0001483
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.292
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvuUPh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:272674006
xref: UMLS:C0015027
xref: VHOG:0001317
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Ethmoid_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006227 ! ethmoid bone primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 ! ethmoid region
property_value: external_definition "A light spongy bone located between the eye sockets, forming part of the walls and septum of the superior nasal cavity, and containing perforations for the passage of olfactory nerve fibers. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ethmoidal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The ethmoid region of the chondrocranium and the nasal capsules, which were largely unossified in early tetrapods and ancestral amniotes, are represented in mammals by the ethmoid and turbinates bones, respectively.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001680
name: lacrimal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "the smallest and most fragile bone of the face, is situated at the front part of the medial wall of the orbit. It has two surfaces and four borders. In early lobe-finned fishes and ancestral tetrapods, the lacrimal bone is a relatively large and robust bone, running from the orbit to the nostrils. It forms part of the side of the face, between the nasal bones and the maxilla. In primitive forms, it is often accompanied by a much smaller septomaxilla bone, lying immediately behind the nasal opening, but this is lost in most modern species. The lacrimal bone is often smaller in living vertebrates, and is no longer always directly associated with the nasal opening, although it retains its connection with the orbit. The bone is entirely absent in living amphibians, as well as some reptilian species." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_bone]
comment: In early lobe-finned fishes and ancestral tetrapods, the lacrimal bone is a relatively large and robust bone, running from the orbit to the nostrils. It forms part of the side of the face, between the nasal bones and the maxilla. In primitive forms, it is often accompanied by a much smaller septomaxilla bone, lying immediately behind the nasal opening, but this is lost in most modern species. The lacrimal bone is often smaller in living vertebrates, and is no longer always directly associated with the nasal opening, although it retains its connection with the orbit. The bone is entirely absent in living amphibians, as well as some reptilian species[WP, ISBN 0-03-910284-X]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "infraorbital 1" RELATED SENSU [TODO:TODO, VHOG:0001149, ZFA:0000223]
synonym: "lachrymal bone" EXACT []
synonym: "lachrymal bone - infraorbital 1" RELATED [VHOG:0001149]
synonym: "lacrimal" BROAD []
synonym: "lacrimal - infraorbital 1" RELATED [VHOG:0001149]
synonym: "lacrymal bone" EXACT []
synonym: "lacrymal bone - infraorbital 1" RELATED [VHOG:0001149]
synonym: "os lacrimale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_bone]
xref: FMA:52741
xref: MA:0001486
xref: SCTID:272675007
xref: UMLS:C0222733
xref: VHOG:0001149
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray164.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:8292
property_value: homology_notes "The infraorbital bone 1 of actinopterygians is homologous with the lacrimal bone (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001681
name: nasal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two small oblong bones, varying in size and form in different individuals; they are placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face, and form, by their junction, 'the bridge' of the nose[WP]. Paired dermal bones, likened to a bone tube, positioned lateral to the supraethmoid. Nasal bones are transversed by the anterior most part of the supraorbital canals and bear one neuromast foramen in zebrafish[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_bone, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Taxon notes: In primitive bony fish and tetrapods, the nasal bones are the most anterior of a set of four paired bones forming the roof of the skull, being followed in sequence by the frontals, the parietals, and the postparietals. Their form in living species is highly variable, depending on the shape of the head, but they generally form the roof of the snout or beak, running from the nostrils to a position short of the orbits. In most animals, they are generally therefore proportionally larger than in humans or great apes, because of the shortened faces of the latter. Turtles, unusually, lack nasal bones, with the prefrontal bones of the orbit reaching all the way to the nostrils (ISBN 0-03-910284-X)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "adnasal@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000365]
synonym: "nasal@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000365]
synonym: "nasals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000365]
synonym: "os nasale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasal_bone]
xref: AAO:0000312
xref: EMAPA:19202
xref: FMA:52745
xref: GAID:222
xref: MA:0001494
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.665
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwGOTZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181801008
xref: TAO:0000365
xref: UMLS:C0027422
xref: VHOG:0001370
xref: ZFA:0000365
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg/200px-Illu_facial_bones.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0010428  ! flat bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps mesethmoid-nasal joint (TAO:0001677)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "Synonym adnasal used in Weitzman 1960, and synonym discussed in Vari 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired bone of intramembranous origin that roofs the olfactory capsule.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired dermal bones, likened to a bone tube, positioned lateral to the supraethmoid. Nasal bones are transversed by the anterior most part of the supraorbital canals and bear one neuromast foramen in zebrafish Cubbage and Mabee, 1996.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001682
name: palatine bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A paired dermal bone situated in the mid-palate[Palaeos]." [Wikipedia:Palatine_bone, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/palatal-palatines.html]
comment: Fusion of dermopalatine+autopalatine.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dermopalatine" NARROW [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryD.html]
synonym: "os palatinum" RELATED LATIN []
synonym: "palate bone" RELATED []
synonym: "palatine" EXACT []
synonym: "palatum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palatine_bone]
xref: FMA:52746
xref: MA:0001495
xref: SCTID:244654005
xref: TAO:0000015
xref: UMLS:C0222734
xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/289x311xPalatine1.gif.pagespeed.ic.tglmNBrF4D.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Gray996.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Gray996.png/200px-Gray996.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Palatine_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
is_a: UBERON:0012071  ! palate bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32519
property_value: external_comment "Dermopalatine: same as palatine.  The prefix is used by fish people because the palatine is a dermal replacement bone for a section of the autopalatine section of the palatoquadrate.  In that context, palatine is potentially ambiguous.[Palaeos]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "In ostariophysans, the dermopalatine is absent.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral region of the palate and is located ventral to the autopalatine. The dermopalatine is bilaterally paired and usually bears teeth.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001683
name: jugal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The zygomatic bone is a paired dermal bone which articulates with the maxilla. In humans it also articulates with the temporal bone, the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone. The zygomatic is homologous to the jugal bone of other tetrapods. It is situated at the upper and lateral part of the face and forms the prominence of the cheek, part of the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, and parts of the temporal and infratemporal fossae. It presents a malar and a temporal surface; four processes, the frontosphenoidal, orbital, maxillary, and temporal; and four borders[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Jugal_bone, Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: vHOG says is homologous to infraorbital 3.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cheek bone" EXACT []
synonym: "jugal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone]
synonym: "jugal bone" RELATED [GAID:225, Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone]
synonym: "jugale" RELATED SENSU []
synonym: "malar bone" EXACT [FMA:52747]
synonym: "orbital bone" EXACT []
synonym: "os zygomaticum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52747, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone]
synonym: "os zygomaticus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone]
synonym: "zygoma" RELATED [GAID:225, Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone]
synonym: "zygomatic" RELATED []
synonym: "zygomatic bone" EXACT [MA:0001497]
xref: EMAPA:25111
xref: FMA:52747
xref: GAID:225
xref: MA:0001497
xref: SCTID:272683001
xref: VHOG:0001638
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray164.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray164.png/200px-Gray164.png
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
property_value: external_definition "The jugal is a skull bone found in most reptiles, amphibians, and birds. In mammals, the jugal is often called the malar or Zygomatic. It is connected to the quadratojugal and maxilla, as well as other bones, which may vary by species. This bone is considered key in the determination of general traits of the skull, in the case of creatures, as with dinosaurs in paleontology, whose entire skull has not been found[Wikipedia:Jugal_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The zygomatic bone is a paired dermal bone which articulates with the maxilla. In humans it also articulates with the temporal bone, the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone. The zygomatic is homologous to the jugal bone of other tetrapods. It is situated at the upper and lateral part of the face and forms the prominence of the cheek, part of the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, and parts of the temporal and infratemporal fossae. It presents a malar and a temporal surface; four processes, the frontosphenoidal, orbital, maxillary, and temporal; and four borders[WP,modified][Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) and the infraorbital bone 3 of advanced actinopterygians (is homologous) with the jugal bone of sarcopterygians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001684
name: mandible
namespace: uberon
def: "A dentary bone that is the only bone in one of the lateral halves of the lower jaw skeleton." [Wikipedia:Human_mandible, Wikipedia:Mandible]
comment: Editor notes: consider merging with dentary - for now we make it a mammal-specific subclass. Terminology notes: 'mandible' also refers to either the upper OR lower part of the beak in birds. AO notes: Note in ZFA 'mandible' is a syn for the ventral mandibular arch, which is a portion of the 1st pharyngeal arch; however the term 'mandibular symphysis' refers to the dentary
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "inferior maxillary bone" EXACT []
synonym: "lower jaw" BROAD SENSU []
synonym: "lower jaw bone" BROAD SENSU []
synonym: "lower mandibula" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Mandible]
synonym: "mammaliam mandible" EXACT []
synonym: "mandibula" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001748, Wikipedia:Human_mandible]
synonym: "mandibular series" RELATED [ZFA:0001273]
synonym: "mandibulla" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001748
xref: EFO:0001965
xref: EHDAA2:0001059
xref: EHDAA:8007
xref: EMAPA:18290
xref: FMA:52748
xref: GAID:68
xref: MA:0001487
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.502.632
xref: SCTID:181812008
xref: UMLS:C0024687
xref: galen:Mandible
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray176.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray176.png/200px-Gray176.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mandible
is_a: UBERON:0004742  ! dentary
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mandibular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001685
name: hyoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The hyoid bone (lingual bone) (Latin os hyoideum) is a horseshoe shaped bone situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and the thyroid cartilage. At rest, it lies at the level of the base of the mandible in the front and the third cervical vertebra behind. It is the only bone in the human skeleton not articulated to any other bone. It is held in place by thyroid ligaments. The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of the floor of the mouth and the tongue above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind. Its name is derived from the Greek word hyoeides meaning 'shaped like the letter upsilon' (O). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: The hyoid bone is derived from the lower half of the second gill arch in fish, which separates the first gill slit from the spiracle. In many animals, it also incorporates elements of other gill arches, and has a correspondingly greater number of cornua. Amphibians and reptiles may have many cornua, while mammals (including humans) have two pairs, and birds only one. In birds, and some reptiles, the body of the hyoid is greatly extended forward, creating a solid bony support for the tongue. The howler monkey Alouatta has a pneumatized hyoid bone, one of the few cases of postcranial pneumatization of bones outside Saurischia.[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone]
synonym: "hyoid bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone]
synonym: "hyoideum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone]
synonym: "lingual bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone]
synonym: "os hyoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone]
xref: AAO:0000684
xref: EMAPA:18650
xref: EMAPA:18840
xref: FMA:52749
xref: GAID:197
xref: MA:0001484
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.409
xref: SCTID:263352000
xref: UMLS:C0020417
xref: VHOG:0001325
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Gray186.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray186.png/200px-Gray186.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hyoid_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of hyoid plate (AAO:0000664)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired processes that extend posterolaterally from the posterior margin of the hyoid plate. These processes are the ossified posteromedial processes and invest the laryngeal apparatus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001686
name: auditory ossicle
namespace: uberon
def: "One of 3 small bones contained within the middle ear space and serve to transmit sounds from the air to the fluid-filled labyrinth. The absence of the auditory ossicles would constitute a moderate-to-severe hearing loss. The term 'ossicles' literally means 'tiny bones' and commonly refers to the auditory ossicles, though the term may refer to any small bone throughout the body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Auditory_ossicle]
comment: Taxon and editor notes: This should probably be restricted to mammals - the AAO/XAO structures may group non-homologous structures [Wikipedia:Evolution_of_mammalian_auditory_ossicles] see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5. Development notes: Studies have shown that ear bones in mammal embryos are attached to the dentary, which is part of the jaw. These are ossified portions of cartilage -- called Meckel's cartilage -- that are attached to the jaw. As the embryo develops, the cartilage hardens to form bone. Later in development, the bone structure breaks loose from the jaw and migrates to the inner ear area. The structure is known as the middle ear, and is made up of the incus, stapes, malleus, and tympanic membrane. These correspond to the quadrate, prearticular, articular, and angular structures in the reptile jaw. For this reason, researchers believe the similarity of the results shows that mammals and reptiles have a common ancestry.[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "auditory bone" EXACT []
synonym: "auditory ossicle" RELATED [MA:0000254]
synonym: "ear bone" RELATED [MA:0000254]
synonym: "ear ossicle" RELATED []
synonym: "ear ossicles" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "middle ear bone" RELATED []
synonym: "middle ear ossicle" EXACT [MP:0005105]
synonym: "ossicle" BROAD [EMAPA:17824, Wikipedia:Auditory_ossicle]
synonym: "ossicle of ear" RELATED []
synonym: "ossicle of inner ear" RELATED []
synonym: "ossicular chain" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: AAO:0011015
xref: EHDAA2:0001183
xref: EHDAA:5697
xref: EMAPA:17824
xref: EV:0100360
xref: FMA:52750
xref: MA:0000254
xref: SCTID:181184001
xref: UMLS:C0013450
xref: VHOG:0000461
xref: XAO:0000214
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Illu_auditory_ossicles.jpg/200px-Illu_auditory_ossicles.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Auditory_Ossicle
is_a: UBERON:0003457  ! head bone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003099 ! cranial neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
property_value: external_definition "The small bones of the middle ear: incus, malleus, and stapes. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Additional structural analysis within a phylogenetic context has led to the remarkable discovery that in synapsids, thought to be ancestral to mammals, both the quadrate and articular have become reduced and less firmly articulated with their surrounding bones, reducing their jaw-joint-bearing role. This trend culminated with the incorporation of the quadrate, the columella (which remains articulated with the quadrate), and the articular into the expanded middle ear in mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001690
name: ear
namespace: uberon
def: "Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals." [GO:0042471, Wikipedia:Ear]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "auditory apparatus" RELATED []
synonym: "auris" RELATED [BTO:0000368]
xref: AAO:0011014
xref: BTO:0000368
xref: EFO:0000826
xref: EHDAA2:0000423
xref: EHDAA:502
xref: EMAPA:16193
xref: EV:0100353
xref: FMA:52780
xref: GAID:62
xref: MA:0000236
xref: MAT:0000138
xref: MESH:A01.456.313
xref: MIAA:0000138
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1062
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViXS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjL05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:1910005
xref: UMLS:C0013443
xref: VHOG:0000330
xref: XAO:0000189
xref: galen:Ear
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Ear.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Ear
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002105 ! vestibulo-auditory system
property_value: external_definition "The organ of hearing and of equilibrium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "auricular" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Both vertebrate and invertebrate auditory organs are thought to have evolved from primitive mechanosensors, but the nature of the ancestral structure and the evolutionary trajectories followed in distinct animal lineages remain unknown. In particular, we do not know how many types of mechanosensor existed in the protostome-deuterostome ancestor from which insects and vertebrates evolved or whether the PDA had an auditory organ.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001691
name: external ear
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum). It consists of a tube (the external auditory meatus) that directs sound waves on to the tympanum, and may also include the external pinna, which extends beyond the skull[GO]." [GO:0042473, Wikipedia:External_ear]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "auricular region" BROAD []
synonym: "auricular region of head" EXACT []
synonym: "auris externa" RELATED [BTO:0002100]
synonym: "outer ear" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011037
xref: BTO:0002100
xref: EFO:0004221
xref: EHDAA2:0000462
xref: EHDAA:3786
xref: EMAPA:16991
xref: EV:0100354
xref: FMA:52781
xref: GAID:104
xref: MA:0000258
xref: MAT:0000147
xref: MESH:A09.246.272
xref: MIAA:0000147
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1705
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOHtXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181176000
xref: UMLS:C0013453
xref: VHOG:0000311
xref: XAO:0000190
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Gray907.png/200px-Gray907.png
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Ear
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear
disjoint_from: UBERON:0006618  ! atrium auricular region
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9709
property_value: external_definition "The external part of the organ, which consists of an outer portion (external auditory meatus) which leads to the tympanum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Some species, like Amolops tormotus (Feng etB al. 2006), have a cavity in front of the tympanic membrane which is considered to be an ear canal and thus an outer ear. (...) The ancestral lineage of amphibians separated from the mammalian lineage, approximately 350 million years ago, in the paleozoic era. Many of the important developments in the auditory systems emerged after the ancestral paths separated (Manley and Clack 2003). This implies that shared features, like the tympanic middle ear, developed independently in different vertebrate lineages.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001692
name: basioccipital bone
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the bones of the occiput, the part of the skull which articulates with the spine. The basioccipital is located (if present) ventral to the foramen magnum. It often rests on or articulates with the basisphenoid, as well as meeting the exoccipitals. The basioccipital usually forms most (sometimes all) of the occipital condyle(s) and the ventral margin of the foramen magnum." [Wikipedia:Basilar_part_of_occipital_bone, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryB.html]
comment: TODO - check FMA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "basi-occipital" EXACT []
synonym: "basilar part of occipital bone" EXACT []
synonym: "basinial@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000472]
synonym: "basinioste@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000472]
synonym: "basioccipital" EXACT []
synonym: "basioccipital bone" EXACT []
synonym: "basioccipital@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000472]
synonym: "pars basilaris ossis occipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basilar_part_of_occipital_bone]
xref: AAO:0000039
xref: EMAPA:18705
xref: FMA:52858
xref: MA:0001462
xref: SCTID:138976007
xref: TAO:0000472
xref: VHOG:0001152
xref: ZFA:0000472
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Parsbasilaris%28young%29.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Parsbasilaris%28young%29.PNG/200px-Parsbasilaris%28young%29.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006209 ! basioccipital cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005902 ! occipital region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps basioccipital-exoccipital joint (TAO:0002038)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps parasphenoid-basioccipital joint (TAO:0001832)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "In some teleosts the anterior vertebral centra fuse to the basioccipital forming a monopartite occipital condyle.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "An unpaired medial bone contributing to the ventral margin of the foramen magnum that extends into the floor of the brain cavity. It can contribute to the centromedial portion of the occipital condyle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Chondral bone that articulates with the exoccipitals dorsally, the prootics anteriorly, the parasphenoid ventrally, and the first free vertebra posteriorly. The basioccipital forms the floor of the foramen magnum. The basioccipital is an unpaired medial bone.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001693
name: exoccipital bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired cartilage bone that bears a large foramen (lateral occipital foramen). Contacts the supraoccipital dorsally, the epiotic laterally and the basioccipital ventrally. Forms the posterior hind margin of the cranium and borders the lateral and posterior margins of the forum (foramen) magnum." [Wikipedia:Lateral_parts_of_occipital_bone, ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO - check FMA - currently we place this as both of a zone of bone organ and an (endochondral) bone. Removed endochondral bone classification for now, violates disjointness axiom
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "exoccipital" EXACT [FMA:52859]
synonym: "exoccipital@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000661]
synonym: "exoccipitals" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000661]
synonym: "lateral part of occipital bone" EXACT [FMA:52859]
synonym: "occipital latcC)ral@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000661]
synonym: "pars lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_parts_of_occipital_bone]
synonym: "pleurinial@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000661]
synonym: "pleurinioste@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000661]
xref: AAO:0000147
xref: EMAPA:18708
xref: FMA:52859
xref: MA:0001464
xref: SCTID:139279001
xref: TAO:0000661
xref: VHOG:0001151
xref: ZFA:0000661
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Gray131.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Gray131.png/200px-Gray131.png
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009635 ! parachordal cartilage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010752 ! exoccipital cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005902 ! occipital region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from occipital arch cartilage (TAO:0001504)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps basioccipital-exoccipital joint (TAO:0002038)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps prootic-exoccipital joint (TAO:0002034)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "In some teleosts the exoccipital dorsally contacts the supraoccipital directly or through connective tissue.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that articulates with the epiotic dorsally, the pterotic and intercalar laterally and the basioccipital medio-ventrally. The exoccipitals form the lateral borders of the foramen magnum and houses the foramina for the passage of the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves, X and IX respectively. The exoccipital is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that forms the posterior end of the neurocranium and the margin of the foramen magnum. In addition, this bone forms either part of or all or the occipital condyle.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001694
name: petrous part of temporal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The petrous portion of the temporal bone or pyramid is pyramidal and is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones. Directed medially, forward, and a little upward, it presents for examination a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles, and contains, in its interior, the essential parts of the organ of hearing. The petrous portion is among the most basal elements of the skull and forms part of the endocranium.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Petrous_part_of_the_temporal_bone]
comment: derivative of prootic and opisthotic
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pars petrosa (os temporale)" EXACT [FMA:52871]
synonym: "pars petrosa ossis temporalis" EXACT []
synonym: "petromastoid part of temporal bone" EXACT [FMA:52871]
synonym: "petrosal" BROAD [VHOG:0001553]
synonym: "petrosal bone" EXACT [FMA:52871]
synonym: "petrous bone" EXACT [FMA:52871]
synonym: "temporal bone petrous part" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001452
xref: EMAPA:17683
xref: FMA:52871
xref: GAID:234
xref: MA:0001477
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.885.681
xref: SCTID:361733004
xref: UMLS:C1261761
xref: VHOG:0001553
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray137.png/200px-Gray137.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ciliary_Process
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium
property_value: external_definition "The petrosal bone arises from the two otic bones on the lateral wall of the chondrocranium and encases the inner ear of mammals. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, p.258, see_Liem_KF][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001695
name: squamous part of temporal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone which is fused with the temporal bone in many mammals and forms part of the cheek region articulating with quadrate and pterygoid in other vertebrates." [MP:0004423, Wikipedia:Squama_temporalis, Wikipedia:Squamosal_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: The squamosal bone, which is homologous with the squama, and forms the side of the cranium in many bony fish and tetrapods. Primitively, it is a flattened plate-like bone, but in many animals it is narrower in form, for example, where it forms the boundary between the two temporal fenestrae of diapsid reptiles. Editor notes: consider separate class for squamosal OR making squamosal the primary label
synonym: "pars squamosa (os temporale)" EXACT []
synonym: "squama" RELATED []
synonym: "squama temporalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Squama_temporalis]
synonym: "squamosal" EXACT [AAO:0000574]
synonym: "squamosal bone" EXACT [MA:0001473]
synonym: "squamous bone" EXACT []
synonym: "temporal bone squamous part" EXACT [VHOG:0001561]
xref: AAO:0000574
xref: EMAPA:18021
xref: FMA:52883
xref: MA:0001473
xref: SCTID:138672006
xref: VHOG:0001561
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Skull_synapsida_1.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Gray144.png
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010751 ! squamous part of temporal bone primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 ! vault of skull
property_value: external_definition "Paired, intramembranous bones that lie at the posterolateral margins of the skull. Lateral and dorsal to the quadrate.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The squamosal bone is part of the dermatocranium in early tetrapods and becomes part of the mammalian occipital and temporal bones. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, p.246, see_Liem_KF][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001697
name: orbital region
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cluster that is a anterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye. Includes bones formed and located in sclerotic layer of eyeball." [TAO:0001410, Wikipedia:Orbit_(anatomy)]
comment: AO notes: in FMA, this overlaps with bones such as the maxilla and sphenoid; in ZFA, individual bones are part of the orbit
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bony orbit" EXACT []
synonym: "eye socket" EXACT []
synonym: "orbit" RELATED [ZFA:0001410]
synonym: "orbit of skull" EXACT [FMA:53074]
xref: BTO:0004687
xref: FMA:53074
xref: GAID:223
xref: MA:0002482
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.690
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvW8EgZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0001410
xref: UMLS:C0029180
xref: XAO:0003171
xref: ZFA:0001410
xref: galen:Orbit
xref: ncithesaurus:Orbit
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: encloses UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is a anterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001698
name: foramen ovale of skull
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the larger of the several holes at the base of the skull that transmit nerves through the skull. The foramen ovale is situated in the anterior part of the sphenoid bone, posteriolateral to the foramen rotundum.." [Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(skull)]
synonym: "foramen ovale" NARROW [AAO:0000169, FMA:53155]
synonym: "foramen ovale (skull)" EXACT [FMA:53155]
synonym: "foramen ovale basis cranii" EXACT [galen:ForamenOvaleBasisCranii]
synonym: "foramen ovale of chondrocranium" EXACT [EMAPA:18711]
xref: AAO:0000169
xref: EHDAA2:0000551
xref: EHDAA:10627
xref: EMAPA:18711
xref: FMA:53155
xref: VHOG:0001189
xref: galen:ForamenOvaleBasisCranii
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004754  ! foramen ovale of heart
property_value: external_definition "An aperture in the great wing of the sphenoid for vessels and nerves. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001699
name: sensory root of facial nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The nervus intermedius, or intermediate nerve, is the part of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) located between the motor component of the facial nerve and the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII). It contains the sensory and parasympathetic fibers of the facial nerve. Upon reaching the facial canal, it joins with the motor root of the facial nerve at the geniculate ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intermediate_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Wrisberg's nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "intermediate nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus intermedius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:53410, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:53410
xref: SCTID:279927001
xref: TAO:0000679
xref: ZFA:0000679
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray788.png/200px-Gray788.png
is_a: UBERON:0004674  ! facial nerve root
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001700
name: geniculate ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The geniculate ganglion is an L-shaped collection of fibers and sensory neurons of the facial nerve located in the facial canal of the head. It receives fibers from the motor, sensory, and parasympathetic components of the facial nerve and sends fibers that will innervate the lacrimal glands, submandibular glands, sublingual glands, tongue, palate, pharynx, external auditory meatus, stapedius, posterior belly of the digastric muscle, stylohyoid muscle, and muscles of facial expression. Sensory and parasympathetic inputs are carried into the geniculate ganglion via the nervus intermedius. Motor fibers are carried via the facial nerve proper. The greater petrosal nerve, which carries sensory fibers as well as preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, emerges from the anterior aspect of the ganglion. The geniculate ganglion is one of several ganglia of the head and neck. Like the others, it is a bilaterally distributed structure, with each side of the face having a geniculate ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion]
comment: Editor notes: resolve facial VII vs geniculate (see EHDAA2)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "facial VII ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001076]
synonym: "facial ganglion" RELATED [ZFA:0001291]
synonym: "gVII" EXACT [ZFA:0001291]
synonym: "ganglion genicularum" EXACT [FMA:53414]
synonym: "ganglion geniculi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion]
synonym: "ganglion geniculi nervi facialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion]
synonym: "genicular ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53414, Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion]
synonym: "geniculate" BROAD [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion]
synonym: "geniculate ganglion" RELATED [MA:0001076]
synonym: "internal genu" RELATED [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion]
xref: EFO:0003669
xref: EHDAA2:0000491
xref: EHDAA2:0004623
xref: EHDAA:5567
xref: EHDAA:6644
xref: EMAPA:16983
xref: EMAPA:17569
xref: FMA:53414
xref: GAID:718
xref: MA:0001076
xref: MESH:A08.340.390.380
xref: SCTID:279076005
xref: TAO:0001291
xref: UMLS:C0017406
xref: VHOG:0000707
xref: ZFA:0001291
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray789.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray789.png/200px-Gray789.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Geniculate_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001800  ! sensory ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0009127  ! epibranchial ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005565 ! facio-acoustic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009124 ! geniculate placode
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012175 ! acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex
property_value: homology_notes "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001701
name: glossopharyngeal ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the group of neuron cell bodies associated with the ninth cranial nerve." [MP:0001096]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "gIX" RELATED []
synonym: "ganglion of glosspharyngeal nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001077]
synonym: "petrosal ganglion" NARROW [ZFA:0001301]
xref: EHDAA2:0000710
xref: EHDAA:2838
xref: EMAPA:16795
xref: FMA:53471
xref: MA:0001077
xref: SCTID:244451008
xref: TAO:0001301
xref: VHOG:0000702
xref: ZFA:0001301
is_a: UBERON:0009127  ! epibranchial ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005491 ! glossopharyngeal neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009125 ! petrosal placode
property_value: homology_notes "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001703
name: neurocranium
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeletal system that surrounds and protects the brain. Includes the skull base, sensory capsules and the central part of the skull roof." [PMID:11523816, TAO:MAH, Wikipedia:Neuroranium, ZFA:0001580]
comment: Development notes: The cartilaginous parts of the neurocranium undergo endochondral ossification in most species; ossification has been lost in cartilaginous fishes, but the cartilaginous condition of the skull of lampreys is considered to be primitive (Kardong, 1995)[PMID:11523816]. The neurocranium arises from paraxial mesoderm in the head (first five somites and the unsegmented somitomeres rostral to the first somite) and from ectoderm via the neural crest. In Chondrichthyes and other cartilaginous vertebrates this portion of the cranium does not ossify; it is not replaced via endochondral ossification[WP]. Composition notes: It includes the following bones: Ethmoid bone, Frontal bone, Occipital bone, Parietal bone, Sphenoid bone, Temporal bone. The term cranium can be ambiguous, in that it can refer to the neurocranium, or the neurocranium and the Facial skeleton[WP] AO notes: It seems MA uses 'neurocranium' as a synonym for chondrocranium. Note there are currently some structures part of both viscero and neurocranium - ethmoid, zyogomatic, ...
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "brain box" EXACT []
synonym: "brain case" RELATED [ZFA:0001580]
synonym: "brain pan" RELATED [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/braincase]
synonym: "braincase" RELATED [ZFA:0001580]
xref: AAO:0010153
xref: EHDAA2:0000243
xref: FMA:53672
xref: MA:0000317
xref: SCTID:361731002
xref: TAO:0001580
xref: XAO:0003170
xref: ZFA:0001580
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011158  ! primary subdivision of skull
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004761 ! cartilaginous neurocranium
relationship: encloses UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of the cartilages and bones that surround the brain.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "neurocranial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001704
name: obsolete viscerocranium
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0008895  ! splanchnocranium
consider: UBERON:0011156  ! facial skeleton
comment: This class was made obsolete as it conflated the facial skeleton with the splanchnocranium. The facial skeleton includes: * Inferior nasal concha * Lacrimal bone * Mandible * Maxilla * Nasal bone * Palatine bone * Vomer * Zygomatic bone. The hyoid is sometimes included, and sometimes excluded (FMA includes it) (See also notes for ethmoid bone). The splanchoncranium is the endoskeleton derived from pharyngeal arches.

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001705
name: nail
namespace: uberon
def: "a horn-like keratin structure covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nail_(anatomy)]
comment: TODO: check claw vs nail. A primate's nail consists of the unguis alone; the subunguis has disappeared.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "claw" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Claw]
synonym: "talon" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001719
xref: EFO:0000956
xref: EV:0100159
xref: FMA:54326
xref: GAID:1320
xref: MA:0002703
xref: MAT:0000158
xref: MESH:A17.600
xref: MIAA:0000158
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:72651009
xref: UMLS:C0027342
xref: VHOG:0001361
xref: XAO:0003103
xref: galen:Nail
xref: ncithesaurus:Nail
is_a: UBERON:0009564  ! distal limb integumentary appendage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 ! embryonic skin basal layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001706
name: nasal septum
namespace: uberon
def: "The nasal septum separates the left and right airways in the nose, dividing the two nostrils. It is depressed by the Depressor septi nasi muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum]
comment: We follow AAO in making this part of the nasal skeleton
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "columella nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum]
synonym: "nasi columella" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum]
synonym: "septal cartilage" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum]
synonym: "septum mobile nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum]
synonym: "septum nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum]
synonym: "septum of the nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum]
xref: AAO:0000559
xref: AAO:0010135
xref: EHDAA2:0001234
xref: EHDAA2:0004104
xref: EHDAA:6809
xref: EMAPA:17608
xref: FMA:54375
xref: GAID:115
xref: MA:0000285
xref: MESH:A02.165.639
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7e-k5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181197004
xref: UMLS:C0027432
xref: VHOG:0000017
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray854.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray854.png/200px-Gray854.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Septum
is_a: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009714 ! intermaxillary process
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006813 ! nasal skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 ! ethmoid region
property_value: external_definition "A median dividing wall, sagitally directed, which divides the nasal cavity into the right and the left nasal fossae. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Medial vertical wall between nasal capsules.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Medial, vertical plate that separates the nasal capsules.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Whatever the common ancestor of the lamprey and gnathostomes may have looked like, it most likely possessed a neural-crest-derived premandibular ectomesenchyme closely associated with the NHP. Invention of the jaw subsequently required a space for the nasal septum and maxillary process to develop, which might have been provided by subdivision of the NHP into the nasal placode and the hypophysis (diplorhiny, the state of bilaterally separated nasal openings, would also have been a prerequisite for this).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001707
name: nasal cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "a large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_cavity]
comment: the cavity includes and starts at the nares and reaches all the way through to the and includes the choanae, the posterior nasal apertures[HP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cavitas nasalis" RELATED [BTO:0002096]
synonym: "cavitas nasi" RELATED [BTO:0002096]
synonym: "cavity of nose" EXACT []
synonym: "cavum nasi; cavitas nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasal_cavity]
synonym: "nasal canal" EXACT [ZFA:0000130]
synonym: "nasal fossa" EXACT [Wikipedia:Nasal_cavity]
synonym: "nasal pit" RELATED []
synonym: "olfactory cavity" RELATED []
synonym: "olfactory pit" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0000130]
xref: AAO:0000314
xref: BTO:0002096
xref: EHDAA2:0001226
xref: EHDAA:6801
xref: EMAPA:17604
xref: FMA:54378
xref: GAID:350
xref: MA:0000284
xref: MESH:A04.531.449
xref: SCTID:263481003
xref: TAO:0000130
xref: UMLS:C0027423
xref: VHOG:0000271
xref: ZFA:0000130
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg/200px-Illu01_head_neck.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005870 ! olfactory pit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract
property_value: external_definition "Saclike space internal to the nasal capsule lined by respiratory and sensory epithelium and glandular tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Despite significant modification to the nasal cavity within Archosauria and its extreme hypertrophy and supraorbital development in Lambeosaurinae, the neural olfactory system and the olfactory region of the nasal cavity proper retain their plesiomorphic positions and associations, suggesting that this system is highly conserved in vertebrate evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001708
name: jaw skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton which includes upper and lower jaw skeletons." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Jaw]
comment: TODO: move ZFA:0001227 (it is the entire jaw skeleton). Editor notes: in FMA, the jaw is an organism subdivision cluster, and includes mucosal tissue such as the gingiva as parts. It appears to be skeletal in MA (and has teeth as parts). It is reasonable to assume that ZFA and XAO consider the upper and lower jaws to be skeletal elements or clusters. EHDAA2 also considers these clusters. TODO - follow EHDAA2 model. These arbitrary differences in terminology and classification have to be reconciled with the genuine well-known biological differences in the skeletal elements across vertebrates. Development notes: There are cellular contributions from all three embryonic germ layers: pharyngeal mesoderm, endoderm and neural crest that migrates out of the ectoderm (Noden, 1983).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior splanchnocranium" RELATED []
synonym: "jaw" EXACT [MA:0001905]
synonym: "jaw cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001227]
synonym: "jaws" RELATED []
synonym: "mandibular arch" RELATED [TAO:0001227]
synonym: "mandibular arch skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0001227]
synonym: "oral jaw skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 1 skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "visceral arch 1" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000988
xref: BTO:0001749
xref: FMA:54396
xref: GAID:214
xref: MA:0001905
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.502
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181811001
xref: TAO:0001227
xref: UMLS:C0022359
xref: ZFA:0001227
xref: galen:Jaw
xref: ncithesaurus:Jaw
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011595 ! jaw region
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal and cartilage elements of the first pharyngeal arch.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001709
name: upper jaw region
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of head that consists of the upper jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Upper_jaw]
comment: AO notes: Note isa/partof difference MA/FMA. See notes for jaw w.r.t skeletal element vs subdivision of head. See also
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal mandibular arch" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal arch 1" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "maxillary part of mouth" EXACT [FMA:59399]
synonym: "palatoquadrate arch" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "upper pharyngeal jaws" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000620
xref: EHDAA2:0002118
xref: EHDAA2:0004607
xref: EHDAA:8025
xref: EMAPA:17924
xref: SCTID:362636001
xref: VHOG:0000454
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gray189.png/200px-Gray189.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Jaw
is_a: UBERON:0011595  ! jaw region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004089 ! midface
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001710
property_value: external_definition "Superior maxillary arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001710
name: lower jaw region
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of head that consists of the lower jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Lower_jaw]
comment: AO notes: Note isa/partof difference MA/FMA. See notes for jaw w.r.t skeletal element vs subdivision of head
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mandibular part of mouth" EXACT [FMA:59398]
synonym: "mandibular series" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000272
xref: EFO:0003660
xref: EHDAA2:0001018
xref: EHDAA:7995
xref: EMAPA:17906
xref: FMA:59398
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.502.632
xref: SCTID:362637005
xref: VHOG:0000453
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray176.png/200px-Gray176.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Jaw
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011595  ! jaw region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005867 ! mandibular prominence
property_value: external_definition "Inferior mandibular arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001711
name: eyelid
namespace: uberon
def: "An eyelid is a thin fold of skin that covers and protects an eyeball. With the exception of the prepuce and the labia minora, it has the thinnest skin of the whole body. The levator palpebrae superioris muscle retracts the eyelid to 'open' the eye. This can be either voluntarily or involuntarily. The human eyelid features a row of eyelashes which serve to heighten the protection of the eye from dust and foreign debris, as well as from perspiration. 'Palpebral' (and 'blepharo') means relating to the eyelids. Its key function is to regularly spread the tears and other secretion on the eye surface to keep it moist, since the cornea must be continuously moist. They keep the eyes from drying out when asleep. Moreover, the blink reflex protects the eye from foreign bodies. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Eyelid]
comment: Each eyelid consists of the following layers, starting anteriorly: (1) skin, (2) a layer of subcutaneous connective tissue, (3) a layer of striated muscle fibres of the orbicularis muscle, (4) a layer of submuscular connective tissue, (5) a fibrous layer, including the tarsal plates, (6) a layer of smooth muscle, (7) the palpebral conjunctiva. AO notes: FMA divides this into skin, fascia, conjunctiva. Consider adding 'eye surface', like MA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "blephara" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "blepharon" EXACT []
synonym: "palpebra" EXACT []
synonym: "palpebrae" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: BTO:0002241
xref: EHDAA2:0000487
xref: EHDAA:9037
xref: EMAPA:17829
xref: EV:0100338
xref: FMA:54437
xref: GAID:72
xref: MA:0000268
xref: MESH:A01.456.505.420.504
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi4m5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:265782007
xref: UMLS:C0015426
xref: VHOG:0000016
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Eye_makeup.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eye_makeup.jpg/200px-Eye_makeup.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
property_value: has_relational_adjective "palpebral" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001712
name: upper eyelid
namespace: uberon
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "palpebra superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54439, FMA:TA]
synonym: "superior eyelid" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0002115
xref: EHDAA:9047
xref: EMAPA:17834
xref: FMA:54439
xref: MA:0001267
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvg4ohJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244499008
xref: UMLS:C0585636
xref: VHOG:0000389
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eye_makeup.jpg/200px-Eye_makeup.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Eyelid
is_a: UBERON:0001711  ! eyelid
property_value: homology_notes "A tetrapod's eye usually has one or more eyelids that can move across its surface and protect and cleanse it. The eye of lissamphibians has a stationary upper eyelid but a movable and transparent lower one.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001713
name: lower eyelid
namespace: uberon
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "inferior eyelid" EXACT []
synonym: "palpebra inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54442, FMA:TA]
xref: AAO:0010349
xref: EHDAA2:0001015
xref: EHDAA:9041
xref: EMAPA:17831
xref: FMA:54442
xref: MA:0001263
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvW6GtJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362528002
xref: UMLS:C0229258
xref: VHOG:0000388
xref: XAO:0000007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eye_makeup.jpg/200px-Eye_makeup.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Eyelid
is_a: UBERON:0001711  ! eyelid
property_value: homology_notes "A tetrapod's eye usually has one or more eyelids that can move across its surface and protect and cleanse it. The eye of lissamphibians has a stationary upper eyelid but a movable and transparent lower one.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001714
name: cranial ganglion
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003213
def: "Ganglion of a cranial nerve[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_ganglion]
comment: Editor note: split out MA ter,. Note the MA term is part of the CNS. This needs to be checked w.r.t relationship between ganglia and the PNS, as the PNS and CNS are spatially disjoint. also meaning of MA term is not clear (appears to be union of nerve and ganglion, but MA 'cranial nerve' is unconnected)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cranial ganglia" RELATED []
synonym: "cranial ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial ganglion/nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial neural ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial neural tree organ ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion of cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54502]
synonym: "ganglion of cranial neural tree organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head ganglion" RELATED []
synonym: "presumptive cranial ganglia" RELATED [ZFA:0000013]
xref: BTO:0000106
xref: EFO:0000902
xref: EMAPA:16659
xref: FMA:54502
xref: MA:0000213
xref: MA:0000214
xref: MAT:0000200
xref: MIAA:0000200
xref: SCTID:244448001
xref: TAO:0000013
xref: VHOG:0000076
xref: XAO:0000027
xref: ZFA:0000013
is_a: UBERON:0003338  ! ganglion of peripheral nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve
property_value: external_definition "Ganglion which is located in the head.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001715
name: oculomotor nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The fibers of the oculomotor nerve arise from a nucleus in the midbrain, which lies in the gray substance of the floor of the cerebral aqueduct and extends in front of the aqueduct for a short distance into the floor of the third ventricle. From this nucleus the fibers pass forward through the tegmentum, the red nucleus, and the medial part of the substantia nigra, forming a series of curves with a lateral convexity, and emerge from the oculomotor sulcus on the medial side of the cerebral peduncle. The nucleus of the oculomotor nerve does not consist of a continuous column of cells, but is broken up into a number of smaller nuclei, which are arranged in two groups, anterior and posterior. Those of the posterior group are six in number, five of which are symmetrical on the two sides of the middle line, while the sixth is centrally placed and is common to the nerves of both sides. The anterior group consists of two nuclei, an antero-medial and an antero-lateral . The nucleus of the oculomotor nerve, considered from a physiological standpoint, can be subdivided into several smaller groups of cells, each group controlling a particular muscle. A nearby nucleus, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, is responsible for the autonomic functions of the oculomotor nerve, including pupillary constriction and lens accommodation. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_of_oculomotor_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "motor nucleus III" RELATED []
synonym: "nIII" RELATED []
synonym: "nucleus nervi oculomotorii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54510, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus of oculomotor nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of third cranial nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "oculomotor III nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001073]
synonym: "oculomotor nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "third cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:III
xref: BM:MB-III
xref: EFO:0002468
xref: EHDAA2:0004211
xref: EV:0100250
xref: FMA:54510
xref: MA:0001073
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1240
xref: SCTID:362457000
xref: TAO:0000553
xref: UMLS:C0228686
xref: VHOG:0001389
xref: ZFA:0000553
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Oculomotor_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001716
name: secondary palate
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the palate formed from the fusion of the two palatine shelves, extensions of the maxillary prominences." [Wikipedia:Secondary_palate, http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/hnanim/face/face.html]
comment: Function notes: separates respiratory and oral passages. Taxon notes: present in mammals and some reptiles. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but, in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separate. The secondary palate is formed by bilateral medial extensions of maxillary processes. The extensions (palatine processes) meet at the midline, merging dorsally with nasal septum and rostrally with primary palate. The secondary palate (hard palate) separates nasal and oral cavities. Caudal extension of the secondary palate into the pharynx, forms a soft palate which divides the rostral pharynx into dorsal (nasopharynx) and ventral (oropharynx) chamber.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "definitive palate" EXACT [EMAPA:18948]
synonym: "oral roof" EXACT []
synonym: "palate" BROAD SENSU [EMAPA:18948, GO:0060021, MA:0002476]
synonym: "palatum" BROAD LATIN [Wikipedia:Palate]
synonym: "palatum secundarium; palatum definitivum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Secondary_palate]
synonym: "roof of mouth" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001779
xref: EMAPA:18948
xref: FMA:54549
xref: GAID:152
xref: MA:0002476
xref: MESH:A14.521.658
xref: SCTID:181227004
xref: UMLS:C0700374
xref: UMLS:C1519217
xref: galen:Palate
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Pig_snout_sagittal_cut.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg/200px-Illu01_head_neck.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Palate
xref: ncithesaurus:Secondary_Palate
is_a: UBERON:0004906  ! ectodermal gut
is_a: UBERON:0007375  ! roof of mouth
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000167 ! oral cavity
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005619 ! secondary palatal shelf
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001717
name: spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The spinal trigeminal nucleus is a nucleus in the medulla that receives information about deep/crude touch, pain, and temperature from the ipsilateral face. The facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves also convey pain information from their areas to the spinal trigeminal nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Spinal_trigeminal_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_trigeminal_nucleus]
synonym: "spinal nucleus of cranial nerve v" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021741]
synonym: "trigeminal nerve spinal tract nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "trigeminal spinal nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "trigeminal v spinal sensory nucleus" EXACT []
xref: BM:VSp
xref: FMA:54565
xref: GAID:605
xref: MA:0001053
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.931.920
xref: SCTID:369033006
xref: UMLS:C0041000
xref: VHOG:0001357
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_the_Spinal_Tract_of_the_Trigeminal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0004132  ! trigeminal sensory nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001718
name: mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesencephalic nucleus is involved with proprioception of the face, that is, the feeling of position of the muscles. Unlike many nuclei within the CNS, the mesencephalic nucleus contains no chemical synapses but are electrically coupled. Instead, neurons of this nucleus are pseudounipolar cells receiving proprioceptive information from the jaw, and sending projections to the motor trigeminal nucleus to mediate monosynaptic jaw reflexes. It is also the only structure in the CNS to contain the cell bodies of a primary afferent, which are usually contained within ganglia. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Mesencephalic_nucleus_of_trigeminal_nerve]
comment: Development notes: develops from NC in some species[UBERONREF:0000002] Not of NC origin[doi:10.1002/dvdy.1197]. AO notes: part of midbrain tegmentum in NIF and MA. the neurons of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus are the only centrally located primary sensory neurons in amniotes; all others are extramedullary[PMID:11747082]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Me5" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1010]
synonym: "mesencephalic nucleus" BROAD [Wikipedia:Mesencephalic_nucleus_of_trigeminal_nerve]
synonym: "mesencephalic trigeminal V nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021739]
synonym: "nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mesencephalic_nucleus_of_trigeminal_nerve]
synonym: "nucleus of mesencephalic root of v" EXACT []
synonym: "trigeminal V mesencephalic nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001057]
synonym: "trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "trigeminal nerve mesencepahlic nucleus" EXACT []
xref: BM:Pons-5ME
xref: EV:0100252
xref: FMA:54568
xref: MA:0001057
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1010
xref: SCTID:369032001
xref: TAO:0000312
xref: VHOG:0001354
xref: ZFA:0000312
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png
is_a: UBERON:0004132  ! trigeminal sensory nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001719
name: nucleus ambiguus
namespace: uberon
def: "The nucleus ambiguus (literally 'ambiguous nucleus') is a region of histologically disparate cells located just dorsal to the inferior olivary nucleus in the lateral portion of the upper medulla. It receives upper motor neuron innervation directly via the corticobulbar tract This nucleus gives rise to the efferent motor fibers of the vagus nerve terminating in the laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, as well as to the efferent motor fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) terminating in the stylopharyngeus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_ambiguus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ambiguus nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:AMB
xref: BM:Me-AMB
xref: EHDAA2:0004305
xref: EV:0100292
xref: FMA:54588
xref: MA:0001050
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2650
xref: SCTID:280184006
xref: UMLS:C0152400
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray695.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray695.png/200px-Gray695.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_Ambiguus
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
is_a: UBERON:0011775  ! vagus nerve nucleus
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010126 ! future nucleus ambiguus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001720
name: cochlear nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The cochlear nuclei consist of: (a) the dorsal cochlear nucleus, corresponding to the tuberculum acusticum on the dorso-lateral surface of the inferior peduncle; and (b) the ventral or accessory cochlear nucleus, placed between the two divisions of the nerve, on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cochlear VIII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001012]
synonym: "cochlear nucleus of acoustic nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "cochlear nucleus of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of cochlear nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "statoacoustic (VIII) nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "vestibulocochlear nucleus" RELATED []
xref: FMA:54603
xref: GAID:601
xref: MA:0001012
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.135
xref: SCTID:362463009
xref: TAO:0002243
xref: ZFA:0001638
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001721
name: inferior vestibular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior vestibular nucleus is the vestibular nucleus which lies near the fourth ventricle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_vestibular_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "descending vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54608]
synonym: "nucleus vestibularis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_vestibular_nucleus]
synonym: "spinal vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54608]
xref: ABA:SPIV
xref: BM:Me-VS-VSI
xref: BTO:0004369
xref: EV:0100258
xref: FMA:54608
xref: MA:0001054
xref: SCTID:280175006
xref: UMLS:C0175498
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray700.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Vestibular_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007228  ! vestibular nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007227
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007230

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001722
name: medial vestibular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial vestibular nucleus is one of the vestibular nuclei. It is located in the medulla oblongata. Lateral vestibulo-spinal tract (lateral vestibular nucleus bDeitersb)- via ventrolateral medulla and spinal cord to ventral funiculus (lumbo-sacral segments). Ipsilaterally for posture Medial vestibulo-spinal tract (medial, lateral, inferior, vestibular nuclei), bilateral projection via descending medial longitudinal fasciculus to cervical segments. DESCENDING MLF. Bilaterally for head/neck/eye movements [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_vestibular_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "chief vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611]
synonym: "dorsal vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611]
synonym: "medial nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_vestibular_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus of schwalbe" EXACT [FMA:54611]
synonym: "nucleus triangularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54611, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus vestibularis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_vestibular_nucleus]
synonym: "principal vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611]
synonym: "schwalbe's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611]
synonym: "triangular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611]
xref: ABA:MV
xref: BM:Me-VS-VSM
xref: BTO:0004371
xref: FMA:54611
xref: MA:0001048
xref: SCTID:280174005
xref: UMLS:C0036385
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Lower_pons_horizontal_KB.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray700.png/200px-Gray700.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Vestibular_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007228  ! vestibular nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001721
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007227
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007230

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001723
name: tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in many other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech[GO]." [GO:0043586, Wikipedia:Tongue]
comment: editor notes - in MA the tongue is part of the oral region, which in uberon is treated as the oral opening. consider revising oral opening - oral region equivalence. Taxon notes: Many species of fish have small folds at the base of their mouths that might informally be called tongues, but they lack a muscular structure like the true tongues found in most tetrapods. Development notes: The tongue has contributions from all pharyngeal arches which changes with time. The tongue initially begins as swelling rostral to foramen cecum, the median tongue bud.. tongue muscles derive from the somites - http://php.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=Tongue_Development#Pharyngeal_Arch_Contributions
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "glossus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tongue]
xref: AAO:0010360
xref: BTO:0001385
xref: EFO:0000833
xref: EHDAA2:0002062
xref: EHDAA:9144
xref: EMAPA:17185
xref: EMAPA:18870
xref: EV:0100058
xref: FMA:54640
xref: GAID:816
xref: MA:0000347
xref: MAT:0000040
xref: MESH:A14.549.885
xref: MIAA:0000040
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjmJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA_53KXLq9EdqAAAACs6hnmQ
xref: SCTID:181226008
xref: TAO:0005333
xref: UMLS:C0040408
xref: VHOG:0000419
xref: XAO:0000446
xref: ZFA:0005333
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Tongue.agr.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Tongue.agr.jpg/200px-Tongue.agr.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tongue
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0006260 ! lingual swellings
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0006756 ! median lingual swelling
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0006757 ! lateral lingual swelling
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010056 ! future tongue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system
property_value: external_definition "A mobile mass of muscular tissue that is covered with mucous membrane, occupies much of the cavity of the mouth, forms part of its floor, bears the organ of taste, and assists in chewing and swallowing. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Muscular organ in the floor of the mouth.[FEED]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "glossal" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "lingual" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001724
name: sphenoidal sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the paired paranasal sinuses, located in the body of the sphenoid bone and communicating with the highest meatus of the nasal cavity on the same side[MESH]. The sphenoidal sinuses (or sphenoid) contained within the body of the sphenoid vary in size and shape; owing to the lateral displacement of the intervening septum they are rarely symmetrical. The following are their average measurements: vertical height, 2.2 cm. ; transverse breadth, 2 cm. ; antero-posterior depth, 2.2 cm. [WP,unvetted]." [MESH:A04.531.621.827, Wikipedia:Sphenoidal_sinus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sinus sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sphenoidal_sinus]
synonym: "sphenoid sinus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:54683
xref: GAID:359
xref: MA:0001795
xref: MESH:A04.531.621.827
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwEIoz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181207000
xref: UMLS:C0037885
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Gray856.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Gray856.png/200px-Gray856.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sphenoid_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0001825  ! paranasal sinus
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0009639 ! body of sphenoid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009639 ! body of sphenoid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001725
name: cranial synchondrosis
namespace: uberon
def: "the cartilaginous joints of the skull; these include sphenoethmoidal synchondrosis, sphenooccipital synchondrosis, sphenopetrosal synchondrosis, petrooccipital synchondrosis, anterior intraoccipital synchondrosis and posterior intraoccipital synchondrosis." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=87514]
xref: FMA:54816
xref: MA:0001502
xref: SCTID:314228003
is_a: UBERON:0002215  ! synchondrosis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull
intersection_of: UBERON:0002215  ! synchondrosis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001726
name: papilla of tongue
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lingual papilla" EXACT []
synonym: "tongue papilla" EXACT []
xref: FMA:54819
xref: MA:0001593
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4102
xref: SCTID:368728006
xref: UMLS:C0226964
xref: ncithesaurus:Papilla_of_the_Tongue
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009471 ! dorsum of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001727
name: taste bud
namespace: uberon
def: "Taste buds are small structures on the upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, upper esophagus and epiglottis that provide information about the taste of food being eaten. These structures are involved in detecting the five elements of taste perception: salty, sour, bitter, sweet, and umami (or savory). Via small openings in the tongue epithelium, called taste pores, parts of the food dissolved in saliva come into contact with the taste receptors. These are located on top of the taste receptor cells that constitute the taste buds. The taste receptor cells send information detected by clusters of various receptors and ion channels to the gustatory areas of the brain via the seventh, ninth and tenth cranial nerves. The human tongue has about 10,000 taste buds. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Taste_bud]
comment: Editor notes: todo - account for non-tongue taste buds. Development notes: arise by inductive interactions between epithelial cells and invading gustatory cells from chorda tympani (facial), glossophrayngeal and vagues nerves ISBN10:1607950324 (todo - request cell terms from CL) Taste buds form in greatest concentration on the dorsal surface of the tongue
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "caliculus gustatorius" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Taste_bud]
synonym: "taste buds" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Taste_bud]
synonym: "taste-bud" RELATED [Wikipedia:Taste_bud]
synonym: "tastebud" EXACT [Wikipedia:Taste_bud]
synonym: "tastebuds" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Taste_bud]
xref: AAO:0010573
xref: BTO:0000989
xref: FMA:54825
xref: GAID:815
xref: MA:0001591
xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.120.800
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4101
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjan5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362099006
xref: TAO:0001074
xref: UMLS:C0039337
xref: VHOG:0000130
xref: XAO:0000445
xref: ZFA:0001074
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Gray1018.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gray1018.png/200px-Gray1018.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Taste_Bud
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system
is_a: UBERON:0004906  ! ectodermal gut
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 ! early pharyngeal endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001726 ! papilla of tongue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002926 ! gustatory epithelium
property_value: external_definition "A chemoreceptive organ.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of a number of receptor cell nests located in the epithelium of the papillae of the tongue and in the soft palate, epiglottis, and pharynx that mediate the sense of taste. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Experients in amphibia have shown that an intrinsic feature of the pharyngeal endoderm is its ability to generate taste buds and this capacity must have been acquired by the endoderm at the origin of the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001728
name: nasopharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "uppermost part of the pharynx. It extends from the base of the skull to the upper surface of the soft palate; it differs from the oral and laryngeal parts of the pharynx in that its cavity always remains patent (open)[WP]. In front it communicates through the choanae with the nasal cavities. On its lateral wall is the pharyngeal ostium of the auditory tube, somewhat triangular in shape, and bounded behind by a firm prominence, the torus tubarius or cushion, caused by the medial end of the cartilage of the tube which elevates the mucous membrane." [Wikipedia:Nasopharynx]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Nasenrachenraum" RELATED [BTO:0000662]
synonym: "epipharynx" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharynx]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx" EXACT []
synonym: "pars nasalis pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasopharynx]
synonym: "rhinopharynx" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000662
xref: EHDAA2:0001239
xref: EHDAA:7086
xref: EMAPA:17670
xref: EMAPA:25092
xref: EV:0100066
xref: FMA:54878
xref: GAID:339
xref: MA:0000443
xref: MAT:0000447
xref: MESH:A03.867.557
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwUPoDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181200003
xref: UMLS:C0027442
xref: VHOG:0000375
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg/200px-Illu_pharynx.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasopharynx
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract
property_value: external_definition "The uppermost of the three regions of the throat (pharynx), situated behind the nasal cavity and extending from the posterior nares to the level above the soft palate. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "nasopharyngeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001729
name: oropharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "The Oropharynx (oral part of the pharynx) reaches from the Uvula to the level of the hyoid bone. It opens anteriorly, through the isthmus faucium, into the mouth, while in its lateral wall, between the two palatine arches, is the palatine tonsil. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Oropharynx]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "mesopharynx" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharynx]
synonym: "oral part of pharynx" EXACT []
synonym: "pars oralis pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oropharynx]
xref: EFO:0001976
xref: EHDAA2:0004082
xref: EMAPA:25094
xref: EV:0100067
xref: FMA:54879
xref: GAID:340
xref: MA:0000351
xref: MAT:0000446
xref: MESH:A03.867.603
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwACoxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:263376008
xref: UMLS:C0521367
xref: VHOG:0000457
xref: VSAO:0000034
xref: XAO:0004048
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg/200px-Illu_pharynx.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Oropharynx
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010023 ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
property_value: external_definition "One of the three anatomic divisions of the pharynx that lies posterior to the mouth and is continuous above with the nasopharynx and below with the laryngopharynx. It extends behind the mouth from the soft palate above to the level of the hyoid bone below and contains the palatine and lingual tonsils. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "oropharyngeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001730
name: extrinsic ligament of larynx
namespace: uberon
synonym: "laryngeal extrinsic ligament" EXACT []
xref: FMA:54921
xref: MA:0001756
xref: SCTID:279550004
is_a: UBERON:0001743  ! ligament of larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001731
name: cavity of pharynx
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: See notes for pharynx - as a grouping class this is probably too bad. We exclude WBbt:0005790 (pharyngeal lumen) because of the developmental relationship. Development notes: TOODO check
synonym: "cavitas pharyngealis" RELATED LATIN []
synonym: "cavitas pharyngis" RELATED [BTO:0002097]
synonym: "lumen of pharynx" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal cavity" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010435
xref: BTO:0002097
xref: EMAPA:18381
xref: EMAPA:18869
xref: FMA:54935
xref: SCTID:180543003
xref: XAO:0000105
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001732
name: pharyngeal tonsil
namespace: uberon
def: "Adenoids (or pharyngeal tonsils, or nasopharyngeal tonsils) are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the very back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx, where the nose blends into the mouth. Normally, in children, they make a soft mound in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx, just above and behind the uvula. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_tonsil]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Rachenmandel" RELATED [BTO:0000777]
synonym: "adenoid" EXACT []
synonym: "nasopharyngeal tonsil" EXACT []
synonym: "tonsil of luschka" EXACT []
synonym: "tonsilla pharyngea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_tonsil]
xref: BTO:0000777
xref: EV:0100054
xref: FMA:54970
xref: GAID:1288
xref: MA:0000774
xref: MESH:A15.382.520.604.084
xref: SCTID:181199001
xref: UMLS:C0001428
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gray994-adenoid.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray994-adenoid.png/200px-Gray994-adenoid.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Tonsil
is_a: UBERON:0002372  ! tonsil
is_a: UBERON:0012330  ! nasal-associated lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001733
name: soft palate
namespace: uberon
def: "soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth. The soft palate is distinguished from the hard palate at the front of the mouth in that it does not contain bone[WP]. The soft palate is the posterior portion of the palate extending from the posterior edge of the hard palate[GO]." [GO:0060023, Wikipedia:Soft_palate]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "muscular palate" RELATED [Wikipedia:Soft_palate]
synonym: "palatum molle, velum palatinum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Soft_palate]
synonym: "velum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Soft_palate]
xref: EMAPA:18949
xref: FMA:55021
xref: GAID:1284
xref: MA:0002412
xref: MAT:0000039
xref: MESH:A14.549.617.780
xref: MIAA:0000039
xref: SCTID:245784004
xref: UMLS:C0030219
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Tonsils_diagram.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Tonsils_diagram.jpg/200px-Tonsils_diagram.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Soft_Palate
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate
property_value: external_definition "A muscular arch-shaped structure [is this an 'anatomical clustero?=?] that is composed of the musculus uvuli and parts of tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus and attaches to the hard palate and modulates the connections between the oral cavity and pharynx soft tissue arch .[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001734
name: uvula
namespace: uberon
def: "Conic projection from the posterior edge of the middle of the soft palate, composed of connective tissue containing a number of racemose glands, and some muscular fibers. The uvula, hanging from the end of the soft palate, is responsible for the sound of snoring. Touching the uvula or the end of the soft palate evokes a strong gag reflex in most people." [Wikipedia:Palatine_uvula]
comment: seeAlso - bifid uvula and cleft palate
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "palatine uvula" EXACT []
synonym: "uvula of palate" EXACT []
synonym: "uvula palatina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55022, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Palatine_uvula]
xref: EFO:0001386
xref: FMA:55022
xref: GAID:1285
xref: MESH:A14.549.617.780.729
xref: SCTID:362082005
xref: UMLS:C0042173
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Tonsils_diagram.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Tonsils_diagram.jpg/200px-Tonsils_diagram.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Uvula
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001735
name: tonsillar ring
namespace: uberon
def: "lymphoid tissue ring located in the pharynx and to the back of the oral cavity. The ring consists of (from superior to inferior): Pharyngeal tonsil (also known as 'adenoids' when infected) Tubal tonsil (where Eustachian tube opens in the nasopharynx) Palatine tonsils (commonly called 'the tonsils' in the vernacular, less commonly termed 'faucial tonsils') Lingual tonsils Some animals, but not humans, have one or two additional tonsils: Soft palate tonsil Paraepiglottic tonsil[WP]." [Wikipedia:Waldeyer's_ring]
comment: see also FMA:79771 naso-pharyngeal lymphoid tissue
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Waldeyer's ring" EXACT []
synonym: "Waldeyer's tonsillar ring" EXACT []
synonym: "anulus lymphoideus pharyngis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55070, FMA:TA]
synonym: "oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal lymphatic ring" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal lymphoid ring" EXACT []
xref: FMA:55070
xref: MA:0000752
xref: SCTID:56411004
xref: UMLS:C0459892
xref: ncithesaurus:Waldeyers_Tonsillar_Ring
is_a: UBERON:0001962  ! gut-associated lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001736
name: submandibular gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The paired submandibular glands (submaxillary glands) are salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth. In humans, they account for 70% of the salivary volume and weigh about 15 grams. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submandibular_gland]
comment: lobular, sexually dimorphic in mouse
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "glandula submandibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Submandibular_gland]
synonym: "submandibular salivary gland" EXACT []
synonym: "submaxillary gland" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001316
xref: EFO:0001387
xref: EMAPA:18812
xref: EV:0100061
xref: FMA:55093
xref: GAID:942
xref: MA:0001589
xref: MESH:A10.336.779.812
xref: SCTID:181235001
xref: UMLS:C0038556
xref: VHOG:0000364
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Submandibular_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001829  ! major salivary gland
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
property_value: external_definition "Either of two major salivary glands situated in the neck near the lower edge of each side of the mandible and emptying into the submandibular duct. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The most common oral glands in mammals are the salivary glands. There are usually three primary pairs of salivary glands, named for their approximate positions: mandibular (submandibular or submaxillary), sublingual, and parotid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001737
name: larynx
namespace: uberon
def: "Heterogeneous cluster that connects the pharynx to the tracheobronchial tree[FMA]." [FMA:55097, Wikipedia:Larynx]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AAO:0000268
xref: BTO:0001208
xref: EFO:0000838
xref: EHDAA2:0004063
xref: EMAPA:18333
xref: EV:0100039
xref: FMA:55097
xref: GAID:108
xref: MA:0000414
xref: MAT:0000187
xref: MESH:A04.329
xref: MIAA:0000187
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViOnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181212004
xref: UMLS:C0023078
xref: VHOG:0001279
xref: XAO:0003081
xref: galen:Larynx
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Larynx_external_en.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Larynx
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008947 ! respiratory primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract
property_value: external_definition "An anatomical cluster consisting of the epiglottus, the arytenoid cartilages, the thyroid cartilage, the cricoid cartilage and the muscles, membranes, and ligaments connecting them, and also of the mucosal covering these structures.[FEED]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of a narrowly triangular chamber supported by a series of semicircular cartilages in which part of the sound-production system is located.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "laryngeal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) (In mammals) Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001738
name: thyroid cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The thyroid cartilage is the largest of the nine cartilages that make up the laryngeal skeleton, the cartilage structure in and around the trachea that contains the larynx. It is composed of two plate-like laminae that fuse on the anterior side of the cartilage to form a peak, called the laryngeal prominence. This prominence is often referred to as the 'pomus Adamus' or 'Adam's apple'. The laryngeal prominence is more prominent in adult male than female because of the difference in the size of the angle: 90B0 in male and 120B0 in female. The lip of the thyroid cartilage just superior to the laryngeal prominence is called the superior thyroid notch, while the notch inferior to the thyroid angle is called the inferior thyroid notch. Its posterior border is elongated both inferiorly and superiorly to form the superior horn of thyroid cartilage and inferior horn of thyroid cartilage. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cartilago thyroidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage]
synonym: "laryngeal prominence" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage]
synonym: "pomus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage]
synonym: "pomus adamus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage]
xref: BTO:0003655
xref: EHDAA2:0002030
xref: EHDAA:9395
xref: EMAPA:18698
xref: FMA:55099
xref: GAID:112
xref: MA:0001764
xref: MESH:A02.165.507.870
xref: SCTID:263483000
xref: UMLS:C0040126
xref: VHOG:0001365
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Larynx_external_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Larynx_external_en.svg/200px-Larynx_external_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001739  ! laryngeal cartilage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010219 ! thyroid pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010212 ! laryngeal apparatus
property_value: external_definition "The largest cartilage of the larynx, having two broad processes that join anteriorly to form the Adam's apple. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "[In anura] a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) [In mammals] Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001739
name: laryngeal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "the cartilaginous structures that support the larynx." [MP:0002256]
synonym: "cartilage of larynx" EXACT [FMA:55108]
synonym: "cartilagines laryngeales" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "larynx cartilage" EXACT [VHOG:0001550]
xref: BTO:0003660
xref: EHDAA:8157
xref: EMAPA:18697
xref: FMA:55108
xref: GAID:107
xref: MA:0001758
xref: MESH:A02.165.507
xref: SCTID:263482005
xref: UMLS:C0023050
xref: VHOG:0001550
xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010213 ! laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010212 ! laryngeal apparatus
intersection_of: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
property_value: homology_notes " (In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) (In mammals) Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001740
name: arytenoid cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The arytenoid cartilages are a pair of small three-sided pyramids which form part of the larynx, to which the vocal cords are attached. Each is pyramidal in form, and has three surfaces, a base, and an apex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_cartilage]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arytenoid" EXACT [EMAPA:18695]
synonym: "arytenoids" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_cartilage]
synonym: "cartilagines arytenoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_cartilage]
synonym: "cartilago arytaenoidea" RELATED [AAO:0000674]
synonym: "cartilago arytenoidea" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000674
xref: EMAPA:17977
xref: EMAPA:18695
xref: FMA:55109
xref: GAID:109
xref: MA:0001759
xref: MESH:A02.165.507.083
xref: SCTID:264446005
xref: UMLS:C0003943
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray950.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray950.png/200px-Gray950.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Arytenoid_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001739  ! laryngeal cartilage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010220 ! arytenoid pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
property_value: external_definition "Paired, anteroposteriorly elongated cartilages that are associated with the vocal cords. These cartilages are medially separated and hemispherical, and their concave side faces ventromedially.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001741
name: corniculate cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The corniculate cartilages (cartilages of Santorini) are two small conical nodules consisting of yellow elastic cartilage, which articulate with the summits of the arytenoid cartilages and serve to prolong them posteriorly and medially. They are situated in the posterior parts of the aryepiglottic folds of mucous membrane, and are sometimes fused with the arytenoid cartilages. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Corniculate_cartilages]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Santorini's cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "cartilage of Santorini" EXACT []
synonym: "cartilagines corniculata" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Corniculate_cartilage]
xref: FMA:55110
xref: MA:0001885
xref: SCTID:278989005
xref: UMLS:C0225556
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Gray952.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Gray952.png/200px-Gray952.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Corniculate_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001996  ! elastic cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003406  ! cartilage of respiratory system
is_a: UBERON:0003583  ! larynx connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001742
name: epiglottic cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "the most superior of the laryngeal cartilages, which is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing." [MP:0002259]
comment: AO notes: laryngeal cartilage in MP
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:55112
xref: MA:0001763
xref: SCTID:278990001
xref: UMLS:C0458526
xref: ncithesaurus:Epiglottic_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001739  ! laryngeal cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001996  ! elastic cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003406  ! cartilage of respiratory system
is_a: UBERON:0003583  ! larynx connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001743
name: ligament of larynx
namespace: uberon
def: "A ligament that is part of a larynx and connexts the cartilages of the larynx" [http://education.yahoo.com/reference/gray/subjects/subject/236]
synonym: "laryngeal ligament" EXACT []
synonym: "larynx ligament" EXACT [MA:0001755]
xref: FMA:55131
xref: MA:0001755
xref: SCTID:279508004
xref: UMLS:C0458519
xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0003583  ! larynx connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001744
name: lymphoid tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of connective tissue with various types of white blood cells enmeshed in it, most numerous being the lymphocytes[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lymphoid_tissue]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lymphatic tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "lymphocytic tissue" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000753
xref: FMA:55220
xref: GAID:342
xref: MA:0002436
xref: MESH:A10.549
xref: SCTID:181768009
xref: UMLS:C0024296
xref: galen:LymphoidTissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphoid_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7776

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001745
name: secondary nodular lymphoid tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphoid follicle that contains a germinal center." [CL:tm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "peripheral lymphoid tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "secondary lymphoid nodule" EXACT []
synonym: "secondary lymphoid tissue" EXACT []
xref: FMA:55224
xref: GAID:946
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Keimzentrum.jpg/200px-Keimzentrum.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000444  ! lymphoid follicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010422 ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue
relationship: has_part UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center
intersection_of: UBERON:0000444  ! lymphoid follicle
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001746
name: fibrous capsule of thyroid gland
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "thyroid capsule" EXACT []
synonym: "thyroid gland capsule" EXACT []
xref: FMA:55513
xref: MA:0002675
xref: SCTID:176859009
xref: UMLS:C0229575
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001747
name: parenchyma of thyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a thyroid follicle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "parenchyma of thyroid" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "parenchyma of thyroid follicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parenchyma of thyroid gland follicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thyroid follicle parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thyroid gland follicle parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thyroid gland parenchyma" EXACT []
synonym: "thyroid parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: BTO:0004579
xref: FMA:55515
xref: MA:0000730
xref: SCTID:371402001
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001748
name: capsule of parathyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A capsule that surrounds a parathyroid gland." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "parathyroid gland capsule" EXACT []
xref: FMA:55566
xref: MA:0002676
xref: UMLS:C0927176
xref: ncithesaurus:Parathyroid_Gland_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001749
name: parenchyma of parathyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a parathyroid gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "parathyroid gland parenchyma" EXACT []
synonym: "parathyroid parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parenchyma of parathyroid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:55569
xref: MA:0002677
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001750
name: lacrimal apparatus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lacrimal apparatus is the physiologic system containing the orbital structures for tear production and drainage. It consists of: (a) the lacrimal gland, which secretes the tears, and its excretory ducts, which convey the fluid to the surface of the eye; (b) the lacrimal canaliculi, the lacrimal sac, and the nasolacrimal duct, by which the fluid is conveyed into the cavity of the nose. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_apparatus]
comment: todo - resolve canaliculus vs tear duct vs lacrimal vs nasolacrimal. AO notes: this is an eye appendage in ncit, along with eyelid and eyebrow. in MA, part of eye surface part_of eye
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "apparatus lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_apparatus]
synonym: "nasolacrimal drainage system" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:55605
xref: GAID:901
xref: MA:0000274
xref: MESH:A09.371.463
xref: UMLS:C0022903
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray896.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Apparatus
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010409 ! eye surface

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001751
name: dentine
namespace: uberon
def: "Collagen-rich odontogenic tissue characteristic of teeth and tooth-like skeletal elements (e.g., odontodes); mature dentine is mineralized and develops from predentine tissue; often (but not always) tubular and acellular[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000069, Wikipedia:Dentin]
comment: Dentine is found in the fossil record as early as the late Cambrian, in fish, where it may have had a role in electrochemical sensing of the environment as well as assisting in defense[WP]. Editors note: note the asserted dual is_a parentage, as dentine is both skeletal tissue and a substance
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dentin" EXACT [MA:0002542]
synonym: "dentine of tooth" EXACT []
synonym: "predentin" NARROW [GO:0070468]
xref: BTO:0003453
xref: FMA:55628
xref: GAID:1272
xref: MA:0002542
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.280
xref: SCTID:362112004
xref: TAO:0005143
xref: UMLS:C0011429
xref: VHOG:0001589
xref: VSAO:0000069
xref: XAO:0004051
xref: ZFA:0005143
xref: ncithesaurus:Dentin
is_a: UBERON:0001973  ! substance of tooth
is_a: UBERON:0010365  ! odontoid tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011587 ! pre-dentine
property_value: external_definition "Mineralized collagen containing substance that forms the tooth structure.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "dentinal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Dentine is a bona fide vertebrate novelty, and dentine-secreting odontoblasts represent a cell type that is exclusively derived from the neural crest.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001752
name: enamel
namespace: uberon
def: "A dentine-like hypermineralized substance that covers the tooth tip. Enamel's primary mineral is hydroxylapatite, which is a crystalline calcium phosphate. Unlike dentin and bone, enamel does not contain collagen. Instead, it has two unique classes of proteins called amelogenins and enamelins[WP]." [Wikipedia:Enamel_organ, ZFIN:curator]
comment: AO notes: part_of tooth enamel organ in MA. Editor notes: current classification under substance of tooth may be turned into taxon GCI (e.g. sharks have enamel in dermal denticles)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "enamel of tooth" EXACT []
synonym: "enamel tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "enameloid" RELATED []
synonym: "tooth enamel" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001844
xref: FMA:55629
xref: MA:0002543
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.255
xref: SCTID:362113009
xref: UMLS:C0011350
xref: VSAO:0000065
xref: XAO:0004198
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Enamelorgan11-17-05.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Enamel
is_a: UBERON:0001973  ! substance of tooth
is_a: UBERON:0010365  ! odontoid tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011588 ! pre-enamel
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9359
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9816
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal tissue that consists of an avascular, noncollagenous, hypermineralized matrix that is deposited by ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enamel develops from organic pre-enamel tissue that is replaced by a largely inorganic matrix.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001753
name: cementum
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone-like mineralized tissue secreted by cementoblasts on the surface of root dentine or, in some animals, crown enamel[Diekwisch 2001]. Substance of tooth produced by cementoblasts; surrounds the dentine of the root of the tooth[FMA]. a specialized calcified substance covering the root of a tooth. Cementum is excreted by cells called cementoblasts within the root of the tooth and is thickest at the root apex. Its coloration is yellowish and it is softer than enamel and dentin due to being less mineralized[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cementum]
comment: Cementum, the supporting tissue that anchors mammalian and crocodylian teeth into their sockets, differs among species and can have features of dentine, of bone, and of calcified cartilage, as well as unique features. Cementum is deposited by cementoblasts onto existing dentine. As in bone and dentine, cementoblasts produce an organic matrix, the main constituent of which is collagen type I (Bosshardt, 2005), but cementum, dentine, and bone also share a number of important noncollagenous matrix components such as osteopontin, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, a2-HS- glycoprotein, dentine matrix protein, dentine sialoprotein, and den- tine phosphoprotein (McKee et al., 1996; Bosshardt, 2005). it has been argued that in all rodents and ruminants, cementum is a form of calcified cartilage[H&W]
synonym: "bone of attachment" RELATED [VSAO:0000062]
synonym: "cement" EXACT []
synonym: "cement of tooth" EXACT []
synonym: "cementum" EXACT []
synonym: "cementum of tooth" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002525
xref: FMA:55630
xref: MA:0002541
xref: MESH:A14.254.646.267
xref: SCTID:362114003
xref: UMLS:C0011343
xref: VSAO:0000062
xref: XAO:0004196
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/The_Periodontium.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Cementum
is_a: UBERON:0001973  ! substance of tooth
is_a: UBERON:0010365  ! odontoid tissue
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0008969 ! dental follicle
property_value: external_definition "Odontoid tissue that is deposited by cementoblasts onto dentine tissue and functions to attach teeth, odontodes and other odontogenic derivatives to bone tissue and the integument.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001754
name: dental pulp
namespace: uberon
def: "the part in the center of a tooth made up of living soft tissue and cells called odontoblasts[WP]." [Wikipedia:Dental_pulp]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dental pulp cell" RELATED [BTO:0000339]
synonym: "pulp of tooth" EXACT []
synonym: "tooth pulp" EXACT [ZFA:0005141]
xref: BTO:0000339
xref: FMA:55631
xref: GAID:1270
xref: MA:0001599
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.260
xref: SCTID:362110007
xref: TAO:0005141
xref: UMLS:C0011399
xref: VHOG:0001469
xref: ZFA:0005141
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tooth_Section.svg/200px-Tooth_Section.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dental_Pulp
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011825  ! loose connective tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001763 ! odontogenic papilla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
property_value: external_definition "Material in the center of the dentine of the mature tooth. In secondary teeth the pulp contains blood vessels and odontoblast.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The oral cavity of vertebrates is generally thought to arise as an ectodermal invagination. Consistent with this, oral teeth are proposed to arise exclusively from ectoderm, contributing to tooth enamel epithelium, and from neural crest derived mesenchyme, contributing to dentin and pulp (reference 1); Teeth and tooth-like structures, together named odontodes, are repeated organs thought to share a common evolutionary origin. These structures can be found in gnathostomes at different locations along the body: oral teeth in the jaws, teeth and denticles in the oral-pharyngeal cavity, and dermal denticles on elasmobranch skin (reference 2).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001755
name: distal part of styloid process of temporal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A segment in the hyoidean arch between the epihyal and tympanohyal[biology-online]. The interhyal is a small rod-like element that connects the ventral and dorsal parts of the hyoid arch. It articulates laterally with the posterior end of the epihyal and medially at the cartilaginous junction between the hyomandibula and the symplectic. It remains cartilaginous in adult zebrafish and other cypriniforms[ZFA]." [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Stylohyal]
comment: TODO - check
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "distal part of styloid process" EXACT [FMA:56472]
synonym: "stylohyal" BROAD [FMA:56472]
xref: FMA:56472
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003960 ! styloid process of temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001756
name: middle ear
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle ear is the air-filled cavity within the skull of vertebrates that lies between the outer ear and the inner ear. It is linked to the pharynx (and therefore to outside air) via the Eustachian tube and in mammals contains the three ear ossicles, which transmit auditory vibrations from the outer ear (via the tympanum) to the inner ear (via the oval window)[GO]." [GO:0042474, Wikipedia:Middle_ear]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "auris media" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002099, Wikipedia:Middle_ear]
xref: AAO:0011065
xref: BTO:0002099
xref: EHDAA2:0001181
xref: EHDAA:5693
xref: EMAPA:17000
xref: EV:0100357
xref: FMA:56513
xref: GAID:165
xref: MA:0000253
xref: MAT:0000146
xref: MESH:A09.246.397
xref: MIAA:0000146
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1695
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvbw1j5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181185000
xref: UMLS:C0013455
xref: VHOG:0000312
xref: XAO:0000191
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Ear
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear
property_value: external_definition "The intermediate portion of the ear which consists of a small air-filled and membrane-lined chamber. It is lodged in the temporal bone and continues with the nasopharynx through the Eustachian tube. It is separated from the external ear by the tympanic membrane and from the inner ear by the fenestrae. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The tympanic cavity and auditory tube of an amniote develop from the first embryonic pharyngeal pouch, so they are homologous to the first gill pouch, or spiracle, of a fish. We are uncertain whether this homology strictly applies to the middle ear cavity and auditory tube of lissamphibians, which show certain peculiarities in their development.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001758
name: periodontium
namespace: uberon
def: "The tissues that invest or help to invest and support the teeth, including the periodontal ligament, gingivae, cementum, and alveolar and supporting bone[BTO]." [BTO:0001021, Wikipedia:Periodontium]
comment: note FMA treats periodontium and periodontal ligament as the same
synonym: "paradentium" RELATED [MESH:A14.254.646]
synonym: "periodontal ligament" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:56665]
synonym: "periodontal membrane" RELATED [MA:0002467]
synonym: "tooth supporting structure" RELATED [MESH:A14.254.646]
xref: BTO:0001021
xref: FMA:56665
xref: GAID:216
xref: MESH:A14.254.646
xref: UMLS:C0031093
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/The_Periodontium.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Periodontium
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003672 ! dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001759
name: vagus nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the lateral (to body sense organs) and the intestino-accessorial (to the skin, muscles of shoulder, hyoid, larynx, gut, lungs, and heart)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Vagus_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CN-X" RELATED []
synonym: "Vagus nerve [X]" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve X" RELATED []
synonym: "nervus vagus" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0003472, Wikipedia:Vagus_nerve]
synonym: "nervus vagus [x]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5731, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pneuomgastric nerve" RELATED [BTO:0003472]
synonym: "tenth cranial nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "vagal nerve" RELATED []
synonym: "vagus" EXACT []
synonym: "vagus X nerve" EXACT [MA:0001106]
synonym: "vagus nerve tree" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010475
xref: BTO:0003472
xref: EFO:0002549
xref: FMA:5731
xref: GAID:721
xref: MA:0001106
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.925
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_801
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rviHk2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362466001
xref: TAO:0000453
xref: UMLS:C0042276
xref: VHOG:0000737
xref: XAO:0003097
xref: ZFA:0000453
xref: galen:VagusNerve
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vagus_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0005073 ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 ! basal plate metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system
property_value: external_definition "Nerve consisting of branchiomotor and visceral efferent fibers which branch and innervate the smooth muscles and glands of the heart, lungs, esophagus, and stomach as well as some throat muscles. Sensory fibers supply mucosa of the mouth and pharynx.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001760
name: frontal sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The frontal sinus occupies the dorsal part of the skull medial to the orbit. It overlaps cranial and nasal cavities and is often referred to as the conchofrontal sinus. ." [MURDOCH:753, Wikipedia:Frontal_sinus]
comment: Taxon notes: A unique feature in the horse is that the frontal sinus communicates with the caudal maxillary sinus via the frontomaxillary opening[MURDOCh]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cavity of frontal bone" EXACT [FMA:57417]
synonym: "sinus frontales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_sinus]
xref: FMA:57417
xref: GAID:357
xref: MA:0001793
xref: MESH:A04.531.621.387
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqMUR5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181205008
xref: UMLS:C0016734
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Nnh_front.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Nnh_front.svg/200px-Nnh_front.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0001825  ! paranasal sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001761
name: foramen caecum of thyroid
namespace: uberon
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "foramen caecum" BROAD [MA:0000725]
xref: EHDAA2:0000550
xref: EHDAA:2150
xref: EHDAA:2977
xref: EMAPA:17069
xref: EMAPA:18828
xref: MA:0000725
xref: VHOG:0000826
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
property_value: external_definition "A thickened and indented region in the midline in the floor of the rostral part of the pharyngeal region of the foregut, located between the second and third branchial arches that is the first indication of the thyroid primordium. [Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.132][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001762
name: nasal concha
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, a nasal concha (or turbinate) is a long, narrow and curled bone shelf (shaped like an elongated sea-shell) which protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose. Turbinate bone refers to any of the scrolled spongy bones of the nasal passages in vertebrates. In humans, the turbinates divide the nasal airway into three groove-like air passages band are responsible for forcing inhaled air to flow in a steady, regular pattern around the largest possible surface of cilia and climate controlling tissue. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_concha]
comment: Note that FMA considers nasal concha and nasal concha of ethmoid bone to be synonymous. We disambiguate these here // Turbinals are only ossified in birds and derived synapsids.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "concha" RELATED [EMAPA:25093]
synonym: "conchae nasales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasal_concha]
synonym: "nasal turbinate" EXACT []
synonym: "turbinal" EXACT [palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html]
synonym: "turbinate" EXACT []
synonym: "turbinate bone" EXACT [EMAPA:25093]
xref: EHDAA2:0004101
xref: EMAPA:25093
xref: GAID:224
xref: MA:0000286
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.948
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv07bVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361931007
xref: UMLS:C1266928
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray153.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray153.png/200px-Gray153.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Turbinate
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 ! ethmoid region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001763
name: odontogenic papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "Tissue of the developing tooth. It is composed of pre-odontoblast and undiffentiated mesnchyme cells and connects to the basal lamina[ZFA]. The dental papilla is a condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called odontoblasts, seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. It lies below a cellular aggregation known as the enamel organ. The dental papilla appears after 8-10 weeks intra uteral life. The dental papilla gives rise to the dentin and pulp of a tooth. The enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental follicle together forms one unit, called the tooth germ. This is of importance because all the tissues of a tooth and its supporting structures form from these distinct cellular aggregations." [Wikipedia:Dental_papilla, ZFA:0005140]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dental papilla" RELATED [MA:0001598]
synonym: "dentinal papilla" RELATED [BTO:0001839]
synonym: "dermal papilla" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "odontogenic condensation" EXACT [VSAO:0000025]
synonym: "papilla dentis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dental_papilla]
synonym: "pharyngeal tooth mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005140]
synonym: "tooth mesenchyme" RELATED [ZFA:0005140]
xref: BTO:0001839
xref: FMA:57662
xref: GAID:1277
xref: MA:0001598
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.720.250
xref: TAO:0005140
xref: VHOG:0001465
xref: VSAO:0000025
xref: XAO:0004045
xref: ZFA:0005140
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Gray1011.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gray1011.png/200px-Gray1011.png
is_a: UBERON:0003856  ! odontogenic mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005856  ! developing mesenchymal condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003856 ! odontogenic mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ
property_value: external_definition "Cell condensation that is a well-defined population of densely organized mesenchymal cells that aggregates adjacent to an epithelium.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Tissue of the developing tooth. It is composed of pre-odontoblast and undiffentiated mesnchyme cells and connects to the basal lamina.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Teeth and tooth-like structures, together named odontodes, are repeated organs thought to share a common evolutionary origin. These structures can be found in gnathostomes at different locations along the body: oral teeth in the jaws, teeth and denticles in the oral-pharyngeal cavity, and dermal denticles on elasmobranch skin.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001764
name: maxillary sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the paired paranasal sinuses, located in the body of the maxilla, communicating with the middle meatus of the nasal cavity." [MESH:A04.531.621.578, Wikipedia:Maxillary_sinus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "antrum of Highmore" EXACT []
synonym: "highmore antrum" RELATED [MESH:A04.531.621.578]
synonym: "maxillary antrum" RELATED [MESH:A04.531.621.578]
synonym: "sinus maxilliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_sinus]
xref: FMA:57715
xref: GAID:358
xref: MA:0001794
xref: MESH:A04.531.621.578
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvp2ZWJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181204007
xref: UMLS:C0024957
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray1199.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gray1199.png/200px-Gray1199.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Maxillary_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0001825  ! paranasal sinus
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001766
name: anterior chamber of eyeball
namespace: uberon
def: "the fluid-filled space inside the eye between the iris and the cornea's innermost surface, the endothelium.[1] Aqueous humor is the fluid that fills the anterior chamber. Hyphema and glaucoma are two main pathologies in this area. In hyphema, blood fills the anterior chamber. In glaucoma, blockage of the canal of Schlemm prevents the normal outflow of aqueous humor, resulting in accumulation of fluid, increased intraocular pressure, and eventually blindness." [Wikipedia:Anterior_chamber_of_eyeball]
comment: AO notes: space in EHDAA2 - consider adding Cavity of anterior chamber of eyeball
synonym: "anterior chamber" EXACT [HP:0000593, MP:0010709]
synonym: "anterior chamber of eye" EXACT []
synonym: "camera anterior" EXACT []
synonym: "camera anterior bulbi oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_chamber_of_eyeball]
synonym: "eye anterior chamber" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002084
xref: EHDAA2:0000129
xref: EHDAA:9033
xref: EMAPA:18231
xref: FMA:58078
xref: GAID:889
xref: MA:0000262
xref: MESH:A09.371.060.067
xref: SCTID:181160009
xref: UMLS:C0003151
xref: VHOG:0001431
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Chamber_of_the_Eye
is_a: UBERON:0006311  ! chamber of eyeball
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball
property_value: external_definition "The part of the eyeball between the cornea and the iris, filled with aqueous humor. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001767
name: posterior chamber of eyeball
namespace: uberon
def: "a narrow chink behind the peripheral part of the iris of the lens, and in front of the suspensory ligament of the lens and the ciliary processes the Posterior Chamber consists of small space directly posterior of the Iris but anterior to the lens." [Wikipedia:Posterior_chamber_of_eyeball]
comment: The posterior chamber should not be confused with vitreous chamber.
synonym: "c. posterior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_chamber_of_eyeball]
synonym: "camera posterior" EXACT []
synonym: "eye posterior chamber" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior chamber of eye" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002086
xref: FMA:58080
xref: MA:0002460
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvnYe8pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362504004
xref: UMLS:C0229094
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray883.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray883.png/200px-Gray883.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Chamber_of_the_Eye
is_a: UBERON:0006311  ! chamber of eyeball
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001768
name: uvea
namespace: uberon
def: "pigmented middle of the three concentric layers that make up an eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body and choroid[WP,edited]." [Wikipedia:Uvea]
comment: TODO - check child terms, isa vs partof. See also MA:0001284
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pars iridica retinae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Uvea]
synonym: "tunica vasculatis oculi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Uvea]
synonym: "tunica vasculosa bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uvea]
synonym: "tunica vasculosa of eyeball" EXACT [FMA:58103]
synonym: "uvea" EXACT [FMA:58103]
synonym: "uveal tract" EXACT [FMA:58103]
synonym: "vascular layer of eyeball" RELATED [FMA:58103]
xref: FMA:58103
xref: GAID:912
xref: MA:0002480
xref: MESH:A09.371.894
xref: SCTID:280648000
xref: UMLS:C0042160
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Gray869.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Gray869.png/200px-Gray869.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Uvea
is_a: UBERON:0002203  ! vasculature of eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: has_relational_adjective "uveal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001769
name: iris
namespace: uberon
def: "a membrane in the eye, responsible for controlling the amount of light reaching the retina. The iris consists of pigmented fibrovascular tissue known as a stroma. It is the most forward portion of the eye and the only one seen on superficial inspection. The stroma connects a sphincter muscle (sphincter pupillae), which contracts the pupil, and a set of dilator muscles (dilator pupillae) which open it. The back surface is covered by a heavily pigmented epithelial layer two cells thick (the iris pigment epithelium), but the front surface has no epithelium. The high pigment content blocks light from passing through the iris and restricts it to the pupil. The outer edge of the iris, known as the root, is attached to the sclera and the anterior ciliary body. The iris and ciliary body together are known as the anterior uvea. Just in front of the root of the iris is the region through which the aqueous humour constantly drains out of the eye, with the result that diseases of the iris often have important effects on intraocular pressure, and indirectly on vision. Depending on the amount of light, the iris makes the pupil larger or smaller." [Wikipedia:Iris_(anatomy)]
comment: Taxon notes: The avian iris and ciliary body undergoes a transition from smooth-to-striated muscle during embryonic development - dx.doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1998.9019
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior uvea" RELATED []
synonym: "irises" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000101]
xref: AAO:0010347
xref: BTO:0000653
xref: EFO:0004245
xref: EMAPA:19154
xref: EV:0100345
xref: FMA:58235
xref: GAID:917
xref: MA:0000273
xref: MESH:A09.371.894.513
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjbppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181164000
xref: TAO:0001238
xref: UMLS:C0022077
xref: VHOG:0000101
xref: XAO:0000185
xref: ZFA:0001238
xref: ncithesaurus:Iris
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004128 ! optic vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011892 ! anterior uvea
property_value: external_definition "The opaque muscular contractile diaphragm suspended in the aqueous humour in front of the lens of the eye. The organ is perforated by the pupil and continues peripherally with the ciliary body. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001770
name: lacrimal canaliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lacrimal canaliculi, also known as the lacrimal canals or lacrimal ducts, are the small channels in each eyelid that commence at minute orifices, termed puncta lacrimalia, on the summits of the papillae lacrimales, seen on the margins of the lids at the lateral extremity of the lacus lacrimalis. The superior duct, the smaller and shorter of the two, at first ascends, and then bends at an acute angle, and passes medialward and downward to the lacrimal sac. The inferior duct at first descends, and then runs almost horizontally to the lacrimal sac. At the angles they are dilated into ampullC&. Microscopically, they are lined by nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium surrounded by fibrous tissue. Outside the latter is a layer of striped muscle, continuous with the lacrimal part of the Orbicularis oculi; at the base of each lacrimal papilla the muscular fibers are circularly arranged and form a kind of sphincter. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_canaliculi]
comment: todo - resolve canaliculus vs tear duct vs lacrimal vs nasolacrimal
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "canaliculus lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_canaliculi]
xref: FMA:58245
xref: MA:0001294
xref: SCTID:263348000
xref: UMLS:C0459631
xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Canaliculus
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001850 ! lacrimal duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001771
name: pupil
namespace: uberon
def: "sphere that is located in the center of the iris of the eye and that controls the amount of light that enters the eye." [Wikipedia:Pupil]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0010351
xref: FMA:58252
xref: GAID:918
xref: MA:0001292
xref: MESH:A09.371.894.513.780
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViBr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:35146001
xref: TAO:0001283
xref: UMLS:C0034121
xref: VHOG:0000116
xref: XAO:0000283
xref: ZFA:0001283
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Eye_iris.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Eye_iris.jpg/200px-Eye_iris.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Pupil
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris
property_value: external_definition "The circular orifice in the centre of the iris, through which light enters into the eye. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001772
name: corneal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The corneal epithelium (epithelium corneC& anterior layer) is made up of epithelial tissue and covers the front of the cornea. It consists of several layers of cells. The cells of the deepest layer are columnar; then follow two or three layers of polyhedral cells, the majority of which are prickle cells similar to those found in the stratum mucosum of the cuticle. Lastly, there are three or four layers of squamous cells, with flattened nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Corneal_epithelium]
comment: Taxon notes: In zebrafish: nonpigmented, stratified squamous nonkeratinizing epithelial cells, attached to a thick basement membrane that is considered to be analogous to the Bowmanbs membrane in mammals
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior corneal epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior endothelium of cornea" RELATED [BTO:0000287]
synonym: "cornea epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cornea epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "e. anterius corneae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corneal_epithelium]
synonym: "endothelium anterius corneae" RELATED [BTO:0000287]
synonym: "endothelium camerae anterioris bulbi" RELATED [BTO:0000287]
synonym: "endothelium corneale" RELATED [BTO:0000287]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of cornea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium anterius (cornea)" EXACT []
synonym: "epithelium anterius corneae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58263, FMA:TA]
synonym: "epithelium of cornea" EXACT []
synonym: "epithelium posterius corneae" RELATED [BTO:0000287]
synonym: "external epithelium of cornea" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000287
xref: EFO:0001917
xref: EHDAA2:0000319
xref: EMAPA:17162
xref: FMA:58263
xref: GAID:895
xref: MA:0001243
xref: MESH:A09.371.060.217.325
xref: SCTID:15775008
xref: TAO:0002187
xref: UMLS:C0459875
xref: ZFA:0001683
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray871.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray871.png/200px-Gray871.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Corneal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000488  ! atypical epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue comprised of four to six layers of nonkeratinized, stratified squamous cells and represents approximately 60% of the thickness of the cornea.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001773
name: sclera
namespace: uberon
def: "Opaque fibrous outer layer of the eyeball[ZFA,Kardong,WP]." [Wikipedia:Sclera, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-050701-15]
comment: Development notes: Majority derives from NC that surrounds optic cup of neurectoderm; a small temporal portion develops from the mesoderm that contributes to striated extra-ocular muscles and vascular endothelia[Rada&Johnson]. Taxon notes: Multi-tissue structure that composes the opaque fibrous outer layer of the eye[ZFA] Seko et al demonstrate chondrogenic potential doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003709 and identify this as connective tissue. Disease notes: implicated in rheumatoid arthritis. Structure notes: continuous with the dura mater and the cornea; The sclera forms the posterior five-sixths of the connective tissue coat of the globe. Taxon notes: in fish, reptiles and monotremes the connective tissue of the sclera is skeletal
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "scleral capsule" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010354
xref: BTO:0001606
xref: EMAPA:19027
xref: EV:0100342
xref: FMA:58269
xref: GAID:911
xref: MA:0000280
xref: MESH:A09.371.784
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7yR55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181163006
xref: UMLS:C0036410
xref: VHOG:0001274
xref: XAO:0000183
xref: ZFA:0005563
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sclera
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012430 ! tunica fibrosa of eyeball
property_value: external_definition "The sclera, also known as the white part of the eye, is the opaque (usually white, though certain animals, such as horses and lizards, can have black sclera), fibrous, protective, outer layer of the eye containing collagen and elastic fiber. It is derived from the neural crest. In children, it is thinner and shows some of the underlying pigment, appearing slightly blue. In the elderly, however, fatty deposits on the sclera can make it appear slightly yellow. The sclera forms the posterior five sixths of the connective tissue coat of the globe. It is continuous with the dura mater and the cornea, and maintains the shape of the globe, offering resistance to internal and external forces, and provides an attachment for the extraocular muscle insertions. The sclera is perforated by plenty of nerves and vessels passing through the posterior scleral foramen, the hole that is formed by the optic nerve. At the optic disk the outer two-thirds of the sclera continues with the dura mater (outer coat of the brain) via the dural sheath of the optic nerve. The inner third joins with some choroidal tissue to form a plate (lamina cribrosa) across the optic nerve with perforations through which the optic fibers (fasciculi). The thickness of the sclera varies from 1mm at the posterior pole to 0.3 mm just behind the rectus muscle insertions. The sclera's blood vessels are mainly on the surface, and together with the conjunctiva (which lies on top) This is a thin layer covering the sclera. Along with the vessels of the conjunctiva, those of the sclera renders the inflamed eye bright red. [WP,unvetted][Wikipedia:Sclera]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The tough, usually white, outer coat of the eyeball, covering all the posterior surface and continuous anteriorly with the cornea. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "scleral" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001774
name: muscle of trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "Muscle organ which is a part of the trunk. Examples: external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani." []
comment: TODO - check muscle organ vs musculature
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "body musculature" EXACT [ZFA:0000473]
synonym: "muscle organ of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "trunk muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk musculature" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000611
xref: EFO:0003531
xref: FMA:58274
xref: MA:0000514
xref: TAO:0000473
xref: XAO:0003230
xref: ZFA:0000473
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
is_a: UBERON:0005177  ! trunk organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001775
name: ciliary body
namespace: uberon
def: "circumferential tissue inside the eye composed of the ciliary muscle and ciliary processes." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_body]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior uvea" RELATED []
synonym: "ciliary bodies" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000102]
synonym: "corpus ciliare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ciliary_body]
synonym: "ocular ciliary body" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010341
xref: BTO:0000260
xref: EMAPA:19065
xref: EV:0100346
xref: FMA:58295
xref: GAID:916
xref: MA:0000264
xref: MESH:A09.371.894.280
xref: SCTID:263340007
xref: UMLS:C0008779
xref: VHOG:0000102
xref: XAO:0000186
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ciliary_Body
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011892 ! anterior uvea
property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001776
name: optic choroid
namespace: uberon
def: "vascular layer containing connective tissue, of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[WP]." [Wikipedia:Choroid]
comment: check choroid vs choroid layer; check ZFA/TAO placement - no homology assertion in VHOG. Note this is entirely in the posterior region of eyeball in ZFA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "chorioid" RELATED [BTO:0001829]
synonym: "choroid" EXACT [MA:0000263]
synonym: "choroid coat" EXACT [Wikipedia:Choroid]
synonym: "choroidea" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Choroid]
synonym: "eye choroid" EXACT [VHOG:0001568]
synonym: "optic choroid" RELATED [ZFA:0005229]
synonym: "posterior uvea" EXACT [Wikipedia:Uvea#Regions]
xref: BTO:0001829
xref: EMAPA:19077
xref: EMAPA:25087
xref: EV:0100347
xref: FMA:58298
xref: GAID:913
xref: MA:0000263
xref: MESH:A09.371.894.223
xref: SCTID:181172003
xref: TAO:0005229
xref: UMLS:C0008520
xref: VHOG:0001568
xref: ZFA:0005229
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid
is_a: UBERON:0002203  ! vasculature of eye
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000966 ! retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001773 ! sclera
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0011892 ! anterior uvea
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001802 ! posterior segment of eyeball
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001768 ! uvea
property_value: has_relational_adjective "choroidal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001777
name: substantia propria of cornea
namespace: uberon
def: "The substantia propria (or stroma of cornea) is fibrous, tough, unyielding, and perfectly transparent. It is composed of about 200 flattened lamellC& (plates of collagen fibrils), superimposed one on another. They are each about 1.5-2.5 micrometres in thickness. These fibrils run at different angles between the limbi. Fibres of the layers frequently interweave, the anterior lamellC& interweaving more than posterior lamellC&. The fibres of each lamella are parallel with one another, but at right angles to those of adjacent lamellC&. The lamellC& are produced by keratocytes (corneal corpuscles), which occupy about 10% of the substantia propria. These lamellC& are made up of bundles of modified connective tissue, the fibres of which are directly continuous with those of the sclera. More collagen fibres run in a temporal-nasal direction than run in the superior-inferior direction. This is often ignored by corneal transplant surgeons, leading to poor corneal mechanical strength in corneal transplant patients. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Corneal_stroma]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cornea stroma" EXACT []
synonym: "corneal stroma" EXACT []
synonym: "stroma of cornea" EXACT []
synonym: "substantia propria" RELATED []
xref: EFO:0002514
xref: EMAPA:17602
xref: FMA:58306
xref: GAID:893
xref: MA:0001245
xref: MESH:A09.371.060.217.228
xref: SCTID:362511000
xref: TAO:0002189
xref: UMLS:C0010040
xref: ZFA:0001685
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray871.png/200px-Gray871.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Corneal_Stroma
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
intersection_of: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass tissue (CARO:0000043) CHANGED TO: develops_from tissue (UBERON:0000479)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass tissue (CARO:0000043) CHANGED TO: has_developmental_contribution_from tissue (UBERON:0000479)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is located basal to Bowman's layer and distal to Descemet's membrane and is comprised largely of connective tissue.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001778
name: ciliary epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A double layer covering the ciliary body that produces aqueous humor." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_body#Ciliary_epithelium]
synonym: "ciliary body epithelium" EXACT [FMA:58464]
synonym: "epithelium of ciliary body" EXACT [FMA:58464]
synonym: "ocular ciliary epithelium" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001770
xref: FMA:58464
xref: MA:0001238
xref: SCTID:280870004
xref: UMLS:C0459736
xref: ncithesaurus:Ciliary_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000488  ! atypical epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body
relationship: secretes UBERON:0001796 ! aqueous humor of eyeball
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001779
name: iris stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "the delicate vascular connective tissue that lies between the anterior surface of the iris and the pars iridica retinae." [Wikipedia:Iris_stroma, http://www.drugs.com/dict/stroma-of-iris.html]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "iridial stroma" EXACT []
synonym: "stroma of iris" EXACT []
xref: FMA:58526
xref: MA:0002777
xref: SCTID:280882008
xref: ZFA:0005569
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray883.png/200px-Gray883.png
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001780
name: spinal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Neural tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the spinal cord. Examples: Fifth cervical spinal nerve, third lumbar spinal nerve." [Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "backbone nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of backbone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of spinal column" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of spine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of vertebral column" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nervi spinales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve]
synonym: "spinal column nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal nerve tree" EXACT []
synonym: "spine nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebral column nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0011101
xref: BTO:0000870
xref: EHDAA2:0001898
xref: EMAPA:16989
xref: FMA:5858
xref: GAID:841
xref: MA:0000233
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwK_iFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361099009
xref: UMLS:C0037941
xref: VHOG:0000824
xref: XAO:0003101
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Any of the paired nerves emerging from the spinal cord, each attached to the cord by two roots: ventral and dorsal, and passing out between the vertebrae. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001781
name: layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the layers that make up the retina[MP]." [MP:0003727]
comment: Note that MA does not treat internal/external limiting memranes as layers - these are classified as laminae. Here we follow other ontologies in grouping with other layers. MA also treats retinal pigment epithelium and neural retina epithelium as distinct from the layers. We follow ontologies such as FMA and ZFA in first dividing into pigmented and neural layers - these are also classified as layers, giving us over the usual 10 layers
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "retina layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retina neuronal layer" EXACT [MP:0006069]
synonym: "retinal layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retinal neuronal layer" EXACT [MP:0006069]
xref: AAO:0010353
xref: FMA:58617
xref: MA:0001319
xref: SCTID:280657006
xref: UMLS:C0459649
xref: XAO:0000266
xref: ncithesaurus:Retina_Layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001782
name: pigmented layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "A monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina; develops from the outer of the two layers of the optic cup[ZFA]. the pigmented cell layer just outside the neurosensory retina that nourishes retinal visual cells, and is firmly attached to the underlying choroid and overlying retinal visual cells[WP]." [Wikipedia:Retinal_pigment_epithelium, ZFIN:curator]
comment: editor note - we follow ontologies such as FMA and ZFA in first dividing into pigmented and neural layers
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "PRE" RELATED []
synonym: "RPE" RELATED []
synonym: "epithelium, retinal pigment" RELATED [BTO:0001177]
synonym: "outer pigmented layer of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "pigment epithelium of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "pigmented epithelium" RELATED []
synonym: "pigmented retina" RELATED []
synonym: "pigmented retina epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "pigmented retinal epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "retinal pigment epithelium" EXACT [MP:0005201, Wikipedia:Retinal_pigment_epithelium]
synonym: "retinal pigment layer" RELATED [VHOG:0000536]
synonym: "retinal pigmented epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0000144]
synonym: "stratum pigmentosa retinae, p. pigmentosa retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Retinal_pigment_epithelium]
synonym: "stratum pigmentosum (retina)" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011096
xref: BTO:0001177
xref: EHDAA2:0001465
xref: EHDAA:4765
xref: EMAPA:17172
xref: FMA:58627
xref: MA:0000279
xref: SCTID:280662007
xref: TAO:0000144
xref: UMLS:C0035322
xref: VHOG:0000536
xref: XAO:0003217
xref: ZFA:0000144
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray881.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray881.png/200px-Gray881.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Retinal_Pigment_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0001781  ! layer of retina
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001787 ! photoreceptor layer of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005424 ! presumptive retinal pigmented epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001781  ! layer of retina
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0005424 ! presumptive retinal pigmented epithelium
property_value: external_definition "A monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina; develops from the outer of the two layers of the optic cup. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001783
name: optic disc
namespace: uberon
def: "The optic disc or optic nerve head is the location where ganglion cell axons exit the eye to form the optic nerve. There are no light sensitive rods or cones to respond to a light stimulus at this point. This causes a break in the visual field called 'the blind spot' or the 'physiological blind spot'. The optic nerve head in a normal human eye carries from 1 to 1.2 million neurons from the eye towards the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Optic_disc]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "optic disk" EXACT [MESH:A08.800.800.120.680.660, Wikipedia:Optic_disc]
synonym: "optic nerve disc" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc]
synonym: "optic nerve head" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc]
synonym: "optic papilla" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc]
synonym: "physiologic blind spot" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc]
synonym: "physiologic blind spot of mariotte" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc]
xref: EFO:0001974
xref: EHDAA2:0001307
xref: EHDAA:9077
xref: EMAPA:18238
xref: EMAPA:25088
xref: FMA:58634
xref: MA:0000278
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.680.660
xref: SCTID:362518006
xref: UMLS:C0029127
xref: VHOG:0000551
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Gray879.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gray879.png/200px-Gray879.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Disc
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina
property_value: external_definition "The small blind spot on the surface of the retina. It is the point where the fibers of the retina leave the eye and become part of the optic nerve. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya (reference 1); Although the eye varies greatly in adaptative details among vertebrates, its basic structure is the same in all. The human eye is representative of the design typical for a tetrapod (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001784
name: obsolete macula lutea
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0000053  ! macula lutea
consider: UBERON:0000054  ! macula
comment: Obsoleted as it accidentally grouped macula and macula lutea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001785
name: cranial nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerves are nerves that emerge directly from the brain, in contrast to spinal nerves, which emerge from segments of the spinal cord. In humans, there are traditionally twelve pairs of cranial nerves. Only the first and the second pair emerge from the cerebrum; the remaining ten pairs emerge from the brainstem[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve]
comment: Editors note: classified as neural tree organ, not nerve in FMA. CN II poses a challenge here as it is not strictly a nerve, yet is expected to be classified under CN. Note EMAPA subdivides nerve into CNS nerve and PNS nerve, with *all* cranial nerves classified as CNS nerves.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cranial nerves" RELATED []
synonym: "cranial neural tree organ" EXACT []
synonym: "nervus cranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve]
xref: AAO:0000108
xref: BTO:0001104
xref: EHDAA2:0000323
xref: EMAPA:17263
xref: EMAPA:17264
xref: FMA:5865
xref: GAID:802
xref: MA:0000215
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1623
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244447006
xref: TAO:0000641
xref: UMLS:C0010268
xref: VHOG:0000279
xref: XAO:0000429
xref: XAO:0003089
xref: ZFA:0000641
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Brain_human_normal_inferior_view_with_labels_en-2.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Brain_human_normal_inferior_view_with_labels_en.svg/200px-Brain_human_normal_inferior_view_with_labels_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cranial_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Twelve pairs of cranial nerves exit/enter the cranium through openings in the skull. The nerves contain efferent axons with motor and glandular functions, as well as afferent axons from cranial ganglia with sensory functions. The nerves are numbered in a rostral to caudal sequence, with the exception of the lateral line nerves.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001786
name: fovea centralis
namespace: uberon
def: "a part of the eye, located in the center of the macula region of the retina. [1] [2] The fovea is responsible for sharp central vision (also called foveal vision). The fovea is surrounded by the parafovea belt, and the perifovea outer region:[2] the parafovea is the intermediate belt where the ganglion cell layer is composed of more than five rows of cells; as well as the highest density of cones; the perifovea is the outermost region where the ganglion cell layer contains two to four rows of cells, and is where visual acuity is below the optimum. The perifovea contains an even more diminished density of cones, having 12 per 100 micrometres versus 50 per 100 micrometres in the most central fovea. This, in turn, is surrounded by a larger peripheral area that delivers highly compressed information of low resolution. Approximately 50% of the nerve fibers in the optic nerve carry information from the fovea, while the other 50% carry information from the rest of the retina. The parafovea extends to a distance of 1B< mm from the central fovea, and the perifovea is found 2B> mm away from the fovea centralis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fovea_centralis_in_macula]
comment: As an anatomical term, there are several foveae around the body, including in the head of the femur.(WP)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "centre of macula" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2543]
synonym: "fovea" EXACT []
synonym: "fovea centralis in macula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Fovea_centralis_in_macula]
xref: EV:0100350
xref: FMA:58658
xref: GAID:910
xref: MA:0001307
xref: MESH:A09.371.729.522.436
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2543
xref: SCTID:264479005
xref: UMLS:C0016622
xref: VHOG:0001572
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Fovea_Centralis
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000053 ! macula lutea
property_value: external_definition "A small pit in the center of the macula lutea, the area of clearest vision, where the retinal layers are spread aside, and light falls directly on the cones. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Definition of fovea centralis should be considered here as 'an area centralis at the visual axis' (reference 1). There is an uncertaincy of the relation, because: 1.-The fovea first appeared in evolution in the temporal retina of fishes. Then, in birds, the nasal fovea and bifoveal system with nasal and temporal foveas developed. The fovea disappeared in primitive mammals, and reappeared in primates. A residue of the fovea is conserved in the visual streak, and the disappearance and reappearance of the fovea, in primitive mammals and primates respectively, correlates with degeneration and restoration of cone pigment genes in photoreceptors (reference 2). 2.-Many retinal features (foveas, trichromacy, midget pathways and associated cell types) appear specific to primates. This has led to investigations in parallel with other mammalian models such as cat or rabbit. Correlation of the results often proves to be difficult, since an evolutionary scenario with transitions between the mammalian models is largely lacking (reference 3).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001787
name: photoreceptor layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell receptor segments reside." [Wikipedia:Layer_of_rods_and_cones, ZFA:0000143]
comment: we follow MA and ZFA in subdividing this into inner and outer segments
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "layer of rods and cones" RELATED []
synonym: "retina photoreceptor layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retinal photoreceptor layer" EXACT [ZFA:0000143]
synonym: "stratum segmentorum externorum et internorum (retina)" EXACT []
xref: FMA:58680
xref: MA:0001308
xref: TAO:0000143
xref: UMLS:C0229206
xref: VHOG:0001165
xref: XAO:0003215
xref: ZFA:0000143
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray881.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray881.png/200px-Gray881.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Layer_of_the_Rods_and_Cones
is_a: UBERON:0003902  ! retinal neural layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001788 ! outer limiting layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001788
name: outer limiting layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "the row of jucntional complexes between the plasma membranes of rod segments and the Muller glia cells; this barrier separates the layer of inner and outer segments of the rods and cones from the outer nuclear layer and forms a blood-retina barrier[MP]." [MP:0010236]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "external limiting lamina of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "external limiting membrane" EXACT [ZFA:0001331]
synonym: "external limiting membrane of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "outer limiting membrane" EXACT [XAO:0003224]
synonym: "outer limiting membrane of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "retina external limiting lamina" EXACT []
synonym: "retina outer limiting membrane" EXACT [MP:0010236]
synonym: "stratum limitans externum (retina)" EXACT []
xref: FMA:58683
xref: MA:0001309
xref: SCTID:280676008
xref: TAO:0001331
xref: UMLS:C1518685
xref: XAO:0003224
xref: ZFA:0001331
xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Limiting_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0007619  ! limiting membrane of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001789 ! outer nuclear layer of retina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001789
name: outer nuclear layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell bodies reside." [ZFA:0001464]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ONL" NARROW []
synonym: "outer nuclear layer" BROAD []
synonym: "retina outer nuclear layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retinal outer nuclear layer" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum nucleare externum (retina)" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:19157
xref: FMA:58684
xref: MA:0001315
xref: SCTID:280678009
xref: TAO:0001464
xref: UMLS:C0229210
xref: VHOG:0001170
xref: XAO:0003219
xref: ZFA:0001464
xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Nuclear_Layer_of_Retina
is_a: UBERON:0003902  ! retinal neural layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001790 ! outer plexiform layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001790
name: outer plexiform layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the photoreceptor cells[ZFA]. Between the inner and outer nuclear layers, the outer plexiform layer (OPL) contains connections between the photoreceptors and bipolar and horizontal cells[GO]." [ZFA:0001330]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "OPL" NARROW []
synonym: "external plexiform layer" BROAD [BTO:0003174]
synonym: "outer plexiform layer" EXACT [BTO:0003174]
synonym: "retina outer plexiform layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retinal outer plexiform layer" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum plexiforme externum" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0003174
xref: FMA:58685
xref: MA:0001316
xref: SCTID:280684007
xref: TAO:0001330
xref: UMLS:C0229217
xref: VHOG:0001171
xref: XAO:0003218
xref: ZFA:0001330
xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Plexiform_Layer
is_a: UBERON:0003902  ! retinal neural layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005376  ! olfactory bulb external plexiform layer
property_value: external_definition "The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the photoreceptor cells.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001791
name: inner nuclear layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "The layer of the retina composed of the cell bodies of bipolar cells, horizontal cells, and some of the cell bodies of amacrine cells." [BTO:0003176]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "INL" NARROW []
synonym: "inner nuclear layer" EXACT []
synonym: "intermediate cell layer" EXACT [ZFA:0000119]
synonym: "retina inner nuclear layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retinal inner nuclear layer" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum nucleare internum" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0003176
xref: EMAPA:19155
xref: FMA:58686
xref: MA:0001311
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005031
xref: SCTID:362520009
xref: TAO:0000119
xref: UMLS:C0229211
xref: VHOG:0001167
xref: XAO:0003221
xref: ZFA:0000119
xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Nuclear_Layer
is_a: UBERON:0003902  ! retinal neural layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001792
name: ganglionic layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "a layer of the retina that consists of retinal ganglion cells[WP]. innermost nuclear layer of the retina, which contains neurons that project axons through the optic nerve to the brain." [Wikipedia:Ganglion_cell_layer]
comment: Check exact synonyms in ZFA / XAO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "GCL layer" EXACT []
synonym: "RGC layer" EXACT []
synonym: "ganglion cell layer" EXACT [FMA:58687, ZFA:0000024]
synonym: "ganglionic cell layer of retina" EXACT [FMA:58687]
synonym: "retina ganglion cell layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retina ganglion layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retinal ganglion cell layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retinal ganglion layer" EXACT [MP:0008510]
synonym: "stratum ganglionicum (retina)" EXACT [FMA:58687]
synonym: "stratum ganglionicum retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ganglion_cell_layer]
xref: BTO:0003398
xref: FMA:58687
xref: MA:0001310
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005030
xref: SCTID:280670002
xref: TAO:0000024
xref: VHOG:0001166
xref: XAO:0003223
xref: ZFA:0000024
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray881.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray881.png/200px-Gray881.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ganglion_Cell_Layer
is_a: UBERON:0003902  ! retinal neural layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001793 ! nerve fiber layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001793
name: nerve fiber layer of retina
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005888
def: "Fiber layer adjacent the retinal ganglion cell layer which is comprised of their axons as they traverse to the optic nerve[ZFA]. The retinal nerve fiber layer (nerve fiber layer, stratum opticum, RNFL) is formed by the expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve; it is thickest near the porus opticus, gradually diminishing toward the ora serrata. As the nerve fibers pass through the lamina cribrosa sclerae they lose their medullary sheaths and are continued onward through the choroid and retina as simple axis-cylinders. When they reach the internal surface of the retina they radiate from their point of entrance over this surface grouped in bundles, and in many places arranged in plexuses. Most of the fibers are centripetal, and are the direct continuations of the axis-cylinder processes of the cells of the ganglionic layer, but a few of them are centrifugal and ramify in the inner plexiform and inner nuclear layers, where they end in enlarged extremities." [Wikipedia:Nervous_system_fiber_layer, ZFA:0001619]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "layer of nerve fibers of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "layer of nerve fibres of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "optic fiber layer" RELATED [VHOG:0001169]
synonym: "optic fiber layers" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0002212]
synonym: "retina nerve fiber layer" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum neurofibrarum (retina)" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum neurofibrarum retinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58688, FMA:TA]
synonym: "stratum neurofibrum retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nerve_fiber_layer]
synonym: "stratum opticum of retina" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18591
xref: FMA:58688
xref: MA:0001314
xref: SCTID:280671003
xref: TAO:0002212
xref: VHOG:0001169
xref: XAO:0003220
xref: ZFA:0001619
is_a: UBERON:0003902  ! retinal neural layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001794 ! inner limiting layer of retina
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001794
name: inner limiting layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "the row of fused Muller cell processes and astrocytes that separates the retinal nerve fiber layer from the vitreous[MP]." [MP:0010235]
comment: TODO - check frog/fish
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "inner limiting membrane" EXACT [XAO:0003222]
synonym: "inner limiting membrane of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "internal limiting lamina of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "internal limiting membrane of retina" EXACT []
synonym: "retina inner limiting membrane" EXACT [MP:0010235]
synonym: "retina internal limiting lamina" EXACT []
xref: FMA:58689
xref: MA:0001313
xref: SCTID:280677004
xref: TAO:0001029
xref: UMLS:C1512783
xref: XAO:0003222
xref: ZFA:0001029
xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Limiting_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0007619  ! limiting membrane of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001797 ! vitreous humor
property_value: external_definition "Membrane on the apical surface of the retina.  The retinal vasculature becomes adhered to the apical surface of the ILM by 30dpf[ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-071023-7, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-120529-3]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001795
name: inner plexiform layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "The inner plexiform layer (IPL) is positioned between the INL and the ganglion cell layer and contains the dendrites of RGCs and processes of bipolar and amacrine cells[GO]." [Wikipedia:Inner_plexiform_layer]
comment: BTO misspelling?
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "IPL" NARROW []
synonym: "inner plexiform layer" RELATED [BTO:0003175]
synonym: "retina inner plexiform layer" EXACT []
synonym: "retinal inner plexiform layer" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum plexifome internum" RELATED [BTO:0003175]
synonym: "stratum plexiforme internum" EXACT [FMA:58704]
synonym: "stratum plexiforme internum retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inner_plexiform_layer]
xref: BTO:0003175
xref: FMA:58704
xref: MA:0001312
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005032
xref: SCTID:280682006
xref: TAO:0001329
xref: UMLS:C0229221
xref: VHOG:0001168
xref: XAO:0003225
xref: ZFA:0001329
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray881.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray881.png/200px-Gray881.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Plexiform_Layer
is_a: UBERON:0003902  ! retinal neural layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 ! ganglionic layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
intersection_of: UBERON:0001781  ! layer of retina
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 ! ganglionic layer of retina
property_value: external_definition "The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the dendrites of the ganglion cells.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001796
name: aqueous humor of eyeball
namespace: uberon
def: "Body substance in liquid state contained in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eyeball[FMA]. The aqueous humour is a thick watery substance filling the space between the lens and the cornea[WP]." [FMA:58819, Wikipedia:Aqueous_humor]
comment: Note that FMA says A+P chambers, and MA states A chamber. ZFA states A chamber and tha it is produced primarily by dorsal ciliary epithelial cells.To be investigated across taxa.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "aqueous humor" EXACT []
synonym: "aqueous humour" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000139]
synonym: "humor aquosus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58819, FMA:TA]
xref: EHDAA2:0000139
xref: EHDAA:10196
xref: EMAPA:18232
xref: ENVO:02000024
xref: FMA:58819
xref: GAID:890
xref: MA:0001236
xref: MESH:A09.371.060.067.070
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdGd-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:280587006
xref: UMLS:C0003662
xref: VHOG:0000548
xref: ZFA:0005564
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Aqueous_Humor
is_a: UBERON:0006312  ! ocular refractive media
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001766 ! anterior chamber of eyeball
property_value: external_definition "The fluid produced by the ciliary process in the eye and occupying the anterior and posterior chambers. It provides nourishment for the lens and cornea and maintains the ocular pressure, and hence the optical integrity of the eyeball. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya (reference 1); Although the eye varies greatly in adaptative details among vertebrates, its basic structure is the same in all. The human eye is representative of the design typical for a tetrapod. (...) A watery aqueous humor fills the spaces in the eye in front of the lens (...) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001797
name: vitreous humor
namespace: uberon
def: "Body substance of semisolid state which constitutes the vitreous body of the eye.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Vitreous_humour]
comment: Note that FMA distinguishes between a portion and the whole portion. We equate with whole portion here, but this is arbitrary
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "humor vitreous" EXACT []
synonym: "humor vitreus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58822, FMA:TA]
synonym: "humoral fluid" RELATED [BTO:0001451]
synonym: "ocular fluid" RELATED [BTO:0001451]
synonym: "portion of vitreous humor" BROAD [FMA:67388]
synonym: "vitreous" EXACT [ZFA:0005561]
synonym: "vitreous fluid" RELATED [BTO:0001451]
synonym: "vitreous humour" RELATED []
synonym: "whole portion of vitreous humor" EXACT [FMA:58822]
xref: BTO:0001451
xref: EMAPA:17837
xref: ENVO:02000032
xref: EV:0100344
xref: FMA:58822
xref: MA:0001286
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7ZIfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0229096
xref: VHOG:0000795
xref: ZFA:0005561
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vitreous_Humor
is_a: UBERON:0006312  ! ocular refractive media
relationship: located_in UBERON:0005606 ! hyaloid cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001798 ! vitreous body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001798
name: vitreous body
namespace: uberon
def: "Mucoid tissue in the vitreous chamber of the eyeball. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left vitreous bodies.[FMA]" [FMA:58827, FMA:FMA]
comment: Note - in many AOs these are exact synonyms, but FMA has a part of link between portion of vitreous humor and this
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:58827
xref: GAID:919
xref: MA:0002462
xref: MESH:A09.371.943
xref: SCTID:181170006
xref: UMLS:C0042905
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vitreous_Body
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001799 ! vitreous chamber of eyeball

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001799
name: vitreous chamber of eyeball
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior chamber is a narrow chink behind the peripheral part of the iris of the human eye, and in front of the suspensory ligament of the lens and the ciliary processes the Posterior Chamber consists of small space directly posterior of the Iris but anterior to the lens. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vitreous_chamber]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "camera postrema" EXACT []
synonym: "camera postrema bulbi oculi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58848, FMA:TA]
synonym: "camera vitrea" EXACT []
synonym: "camera vitrea bulbi" EXACT []
synonym: "postremal chamber" EXACT []
synonym: "postremal chamber of eyeball" EXACT []
synonym: "vitreous chamber" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002087
xref: FMA:58848
xref: MA:0002461
xref: UMLS:C0229095
xref: ncithesaurus:Vitreous_Chamber
is_a: UBERON:0006311  ! chamber of eyeball
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001802 ! posterior segment of eyeball

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001800
name: sensory ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the clusters of neurons in the somatic peripheral nervous system which contain the cell bodies of sensory nerve axons, interneurons and non-neuronal supporting cells." [MP:0000960]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "ganglion sensorium" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0001000
xref: FMA:5885
xref: MA:0002566
xref: MESH:A08.340.390
xref: UMLS:C0206429
xref: ncithesaurus:Sensory_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001801
name: anterior segment of eyeball
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior segment is the front third of the eye that includes the structures in front of the vitreous humour: the cornea, iris, ciliary body, and lens. Within the anterior segment are two fluid-filled spaces: the anterior chamber between the posterior surface of the cornea (i.e. the corneal endothelium) and the iris; the posterior chamber between the iris and the front face of the vitreous. Aqueous humor fills these spaces within the anterior segment and provides nutrients to the surrounding structures." [Wikipedia:Anterior_segment_of_eyeball]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior segment of eye" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior segment of the eye" EXACT []
synonym: "eye anterior segment" EXACT []
synonym: "segmentum anterius (bulbus oculi)" EXACT []
synonym: "segmentum anterius bulbi oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_segment_of_eyeball]
xref: FMA:58865
xref: MA:0002484
xref: MESH:A09.371.060
xref: SCTID:280658001
xref: UMLS:C0003153
xref: ZFA:0005566
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Cataract_in_human_eye.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Eye_Segment
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010230 ! eyeball of camera-type eye
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001802

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001802
name: posterior segment of eyeball
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior segment is the back two-thirds of the eye that includes the anterior hyaloid membrane and all structures behind it: the vitreous humor, retina, choroid, and optic nerve. On the anterior side of the lens is the aqueous humour which is bounded on all sides by the lens, ciliary body, suspensory ligaments, and by the cornea. It lets light through without refraction, helps maintain the shape of the eye and suspends the delicate lens. In some animals, the retina contains a reflective layer (the tapetum lucidum) which increases the amount of light each photosensitive cell perceives, allowing the animal to see better under low light conditions." [Wikipedia:Posterior_segment_of_eyeball]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "eye posterior segment" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior segment of eye" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior segment of the eye" EXACT []
synonym: "segmentum posterius (bulbus oculi)" EXACT []
synonym: "segmentum posterius bulbi oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_segment_of_eyeball]
xref: FMA:58868
xref: MA:0002485
xref: SCTID:280659009
xref: UMLS:C0278450
xref: ZFA:0005567
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Eye_Segment
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010230 ! eyeball of camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001803
name: epithelium of lens
namespace: uberon
def: "The cells of the lens epithelium regulate most of the homeostatic functions of the lens.[6] As ions, nutrients, and liquid enter the lens from the aqueous humor, Na+/K+ ATPase pumps in the lens epithelial cells pump ions out of the lens to maintain appropriate lens osmolarity and volume, with equatorially positioned lens epithelium cells contributing most to this current. The activity of the Na+/K+ ATPases keeps water and current flowing through the lens from the poles and exiting through the equatorial regions." [Wikipedia:Lens_(anatomy)#Lens_Epithelium]
comment: Usage notes: this class is the superclass of the anterior epithelium and equatorial epithlium, although the term 'lens epithelium' may refer specifically to the former
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelial tissue of eye lens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium lentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58871, FMA:TA]
synonym: "epithelium of eye lens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eye lens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eye lens epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lens epithelium" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001873
xref: FMA:58871
xref: MA:0001301
xref: SCTID:362523006
xref: TAO:0001326
xref: XAO:0004094
xref: ZFA:0001326
is_a: UBERON:0000484  ! simple cuboidal epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001804
name: capsule of lens
namespace: uberon
def: "a smooth, transparent basement membrane that completely surrounds the lens. It is synthesized by the lens epithelium and its main components are Type IV collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)." [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_lens, Wikipedia:Lens_(anatomy)#Lens_capsule]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "capsula lentis" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "lens capsule" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000977
xref: EMAPA:18237
xref: FMA:58881
xref: MA:0001300
xref: SCTID:244500004
xref: UMLS:C0229232
xref: VHOG:0000550
xref: ZFA:0005574
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray883.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray883.png/200px-Gray883.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lens_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001803 ! epithelium of lens
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005614 ! lens anterior epithelium
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye
property_value: external_definition "The transparent membrane which surrounds the lens of the eye. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya (reference 1); Although the eye varies greatly in adaptative details among vertebrates, its basic structure is the same in all. The human eye is representative of the design typical for a tetrapod. (...) A watery aqueous humor fills the spaces in the eye in front of the lens (...) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001805
name: autonomic ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "ganglion that has dendrites that form a junction between autonomic nerves originating from the central nervous system and autonomic nerves innervating their target organs in the periphery. There are two subtypes, sympathetic ganglion and parasympathetic ganglion." [Wikipedia:Autonomic_ganglion]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "autonomic nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion autonomicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Autonomic_ganglion]
synonym: "ganglion of autonomic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion of visceral nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AEO:0001001
xref: EMAPA:17157
xref: EMAPA:18221
xref: FMA:5889
xref: MA:0000220
xref: UMLS:C0017068
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Autonomic_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0003338  ! ganglion of peripheral nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001806
name: sympathetic ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "Sympathetic ganglia are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They deliver information to the body about stress and impending danger, and are responsible for the familiar fight-or-flight response. They contain approximately 20000&ndash;30000 nerve cell bodies and are located close to and on either side of the spinal cord in long chains. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_ganglion]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion sympatheticum" EXACT []
synonym: "ganglion sympathicum" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001333, Wikipedia:Sympathetic_ganglion]
synonym: "sympathetic nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0010773
xref: BTO:0001333
xref: EHDAA2:0001969
xref: EMAPA:17157
xref: FMA:5890
xref: MA:0000226
xref: SCTID:362485003
xref: UMLS:C0017071
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sympathetic_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001805  ! autonomic ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001807
name: paravertebral ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "Trunk ganglion which is part of a bilaterally paired set of sympathetic ganglia located anterior and lateral to the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglion, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic trunk" EXACT []
synonym: "ganglion trunci sympathetici" EXACT []
synonym: "ganglion trunci sympathici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5891, FMA:TA]
synonym: "sympathetic chain ganglion" EXACT []
xref: FMA:5891
xref: TAO:0001556
xref: ZFA:0001556
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray847.png/200px-Gray847.png
is_a: UBERON:0001806  ! sympathetic ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0007134  ! trunk ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001808
name: parasympathetic ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "Parasympathetic ganglia are the autonomic ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system. Most are small terminal ganglia or intramural ganglia, so named because they lie near or within (respectively) the organs they innervate. The exceptions are the four paired parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_ganglion]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ganglion parasympathicum" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001256, Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_ganglion]
xref: BTO:0001256
xref: EHDAA2:0001400
xref: FMA:5894
xref: MA:0002469
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100303
xref: SCTID:279284004
xref: UMLS:C0017069
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Parasympathetic_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001805  ! autonomic ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001805  ! autonomic ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001809
name: enteric ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Enteric_ganglia]
synonym: "intramural ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5896]
xref: FMA:5896
xref: MA:0001144
xref: UMLS:C0501399
xref: ncithesaurus:Enteric_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001808  ! parasympathetic ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001808  ! parasympathetic ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001810
name: nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical junction where subdivisions of two or more neural trees interconnect with one another to form a network through which nerve fibers of the constituent nerve trees become regrouped; together with other nerve plexuses, nerves and ganglia, it constitutes the peripheral nervous system. Examples: cervical nerve plexus, brachial nerve plexus, sacral nerve plexus[FMA]." [FMA:5901, Wikipedia:Nervous_system_plexus]
comment: in FMA this is a subtype of junction rather than tissue
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AEO:0000138
xref: BTO:0000205
xref: EHDAA2:0003138
xref: EHDAA:3780
xref: FMA:5901
xref: MA:0002407
xref: SCTID:122455009
xref: UMLS:C0501403
xref: ncithesaurus:Nerve_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0003714  ! neural tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001811
name: conjunctiva
namespace: uberon
def: "The conjunctiva is a clear mucous membrane consisting of cells and underlying basement membrane that covers the sclera (white part of the eye) and lines the inside of the eyelids. It is made of epithelial tissue. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Conjunctiva]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "wall of conjunctival sac" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010343
xref: BTO:0003415
xref: EFO:0000374
xref: EV:0100340
xref: FMA:59011
xref: GAID:898
xref: MA:0000265
xref: MESH:A09.371.192
xref: SCTID:181161008
xref: UMLS:C0009758
xref: XAO:0000182
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray883.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray883.png/200px-Gray883.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Conjunctiva
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001773 ! sclera
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005908 ! conjunctival sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010409 ! eye surface
property_value: has_relational_adjective "conjunctival" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001812
name: palpebral conjunctiva
namespace: uberon
comment: lines the eyeballs
synonym: "eyelid conjunctiva" RELATED []
synonym: "tarsal conjunctiva" EXACT [Wikipedia:Conjunctiva]
synonym: "tunica conjunctiva palpebrum" EXACT []
xref: FMA:59025
xref: MA:0001265
xref: SCTID:280666005
xref: UMLS:C0229274
xref: ncithesaurus:Palpebral_Conjunctiva
is_a: UBERON:0010305  ! region of conjunctiva
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001813
name: somatic nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve plexus that is part of a somatic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "plexus nervorum spinalium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5903, FMA:TA]
synonym: "plexus of spinal nerves" EXACT [FMA:5903]
synonym: "spinal nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:5903]
xref: EHDAA2:0001899
xref: EMAPA:16987
xref: FMA:5903
xref: MA:0000235
xref: SCTID:42280003
xref: UMLS:C0228603
xref: VHOG:0000925
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Nerve_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0001810  ! nerve plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001810  ! nerve plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001814
name: brachial nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The brachial plexus is an arrangement of nerve fibers, running from the spine, formed by the ventral rami of the lower cervical and upper thoracic nerve root, specifically from below the fifth cervical vertebra to above the first thoracic vertebra. It proceeds through the neck, the axilla (armpit region) and into the arm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachial_plexus]
comment: check superclass - nerve vs collection of fibers vs junction; note that FMA also has 'brachial autonomic nerve plexus'
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "brachial plexus" EXACT [MA:0001180]
synonym: "plexus brachialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachial_plexus]
xref: EHDAA2:0000180
xref: EHDAA:3782
xref: EMAPA:16988
xref: FMA:5906
xref: GAID:842
xref: MA:0001180
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNWmO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181002002
xref: UMLS:C0006090
xref: VHOG:0000372
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray808.png/200px-Gray808.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Brachial_plexus_color.svg/750px-Brachial_plexus_color.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Brachial_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0001813  ! somatic nerve plexus
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
property_value: external_definition "A nerve plexus originating from the anterior branches of the last four cervical and the first thoracic spinal nerves, giving off many of the principal nerves of the shoulder, chest, and arms. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "To reach the muscles, dermatomes, and other structures of the limbs, some of the neurons in the spinal nerves come together in the plexus at the base of the limb. Such plexuses occur in all gnathostomes, and they reach their highest complexity among mammals and birds in which the cervical plexus supplies many ventral neck muscles, the brachial plexus supplies the pectoral appendage, a lumbosacral plexus supplies the pelvic appendage, and a coccygeal plexus supplies some of the pelvic muscles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001815
name: lumbosacral nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior divisions of the lumbar nerve, sacral nerve, and coccygeal nerves form the lumbosacral plexus, the first lumbar nerve being frequently joined by a branch from the twelfth thoracic. For descriptive purposes this plexus is usually divided into three parts: lumbar plexus sacral plexus pudendal plexus [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lumbosacral_plexus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lumbosacral plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "plexus lumbosacralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5907, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Lumbosacral_plexus]
xref: EHDAA2:0001040
xref: EHDAA:4673
xref: EMAPA:17587
xref: FMA:5907
xref: GAID:849
xref: MA:0001181
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzYo75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181049003
xref: UMLS:C0024093
xref: VHOG:0000926
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray822.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Gray822.png/200px-Gray822.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbosacral_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0001813  ! somatic nerve plexus
property_value: homology_notes "To reach the muscles, dermatomes, and other structures of the limbs, some of the neurons in the spinal nerves come together in the plexus at the base of the limb. Such plexuses occur in all gnathostomes, and they reach their highest complexity among mammals and birds in which the cervical plexus supplies many ventral neck muscles, the brachial plexus supplies the pectoral appendage, a lumbosacral plexus supplies the pelvic appendage, and a coccygeal plexus supplies some of the pelvic muscles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001816
name: autonomic nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve plexus that is part of an autonomic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "autonomic plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "plexus autonomicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5910, FMA:TA]
synonym: "plexus nervosus visceralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5910, FMA:TA]
synonym: "plexus visceralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5910, FMA:TA]
synonym: "visceral nerve plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral plexus" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18224
xref: FMA:5910
xref: MA:0000221
xref: SCTID:362482000
is_a: UBERON:0001810  ! nerve plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001810  ! nerve plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001817
name: lacrimal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of glandular acini which communicate the lacrimal sac. Examples: There only two instances, right lacrimal and left lacrimal glands[FMA]. The lacrimal glands are paired almond-shaped glands, one for each eye, that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film. They are situated in the upper, outer portion of each orbit. Inflammation of the lacrimal glands is called dacryoadenitis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_gland]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "glandula lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_gland]
synonym: "preorbital gland" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Preorbital_gland]
synonym: "tear gland" RELATED [BTO:0000044]
xref: BTO:0000044
xref: EFO:0001389
xref: EV:0100339
xref: FMA:59101
xref: MA:0001296
xref: SCTID:181147003
xref: UMLS:C0022907
xref: VHOG:0001476
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray896.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gray896.png/200px-Gray896.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004859  ! eye gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001750 ! lacrimal apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system
property_value: external_definition "The preorbital gland is a paired exocrine gland found in many species of hoofed animals, which is homologous to the lacrimal gland found in humans. These glands are trenchlike slits of dark blue to black, nearly bare skin extending from the medial canthus of each eye. They are lined by a combination of sebaceous and sudoriferous glands, and they produce secretions which contain pheromones and other semiochemical compounds. Ungulates frequently deposit these secretions on twigs and grass as a means of communication with other animals. The preorbital gland serves different roles in different species. Pheromone-containing secretions from the preorbital gland may serve to establish an animal's dominance (especially in preparation for breeding), mark its territory, or simply to produce a pleasurable sensation to the animal. Because of its critical role in scent marking, the preorbital gland is usually considered as a type of scent gland. A further function of these glands may be to produce antimicrobial compounds against skin pathogens. Antimicrobial compounds found in these glands may be biosynthesized by the animal itself, or by microorganisms that live in these glands[Wikipedia:Preorbital_gland]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001819
name: palpebral fissure
namespace: uberon
def: "Orifice separating upper and lower eyelids. In the human adult this measures about 10mm vertically and 30 mm horizontally. It can be reduced in size in fetal alcohol syndrome. In Trisomy 9 the palpebral fissures can be upslanting. [WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Palpebral_fissure]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "rima palpebrarum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palpebral_fissure]
xref: FMA:59110
xref: MA:0001266
xref: SCTID:280576003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray892.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray892.png/200px-Gray892.png
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001822
name: orbital septum
namespace: uberon
def: "a membranous sheet that acts as the anterior boundary of the orbit. It extends from the orbital rims to the eyelids[WP]." [Wikipedia:Orbital_septum]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "septum orbitale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbital_septum]
xref: FMA:59328
xref: MA:0001259
xref: SCTID:368859002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Gray891.png
is_a: UBERON:0000094  ! membrane organ
is_a: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001823
name: nasal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the cartilage structures in the nose that provide form and support[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_cartilage]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cartilage of nose" EXACT []
xref: FMA:59502
xref: MA:0001883
xref: SCTID:278941001
xref: UMLS:C0225415
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray852.png/200px-Gray852.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0003406  ! cartilage of respiratory system
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: encloses UBERON:0000402 ! nasal vestibule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001824
name: mucosa of larynx
namespace: uberon
def: "the mucous lining of the larynx, which is composed of squamous epithelium in the upper larynx and ciliated columnar epithelium in the lower larynx." [MP:0002261]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "laryngeal mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "larynx mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "larynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "larynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "larynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of larynx" EXACT []
synonym: "organ mucosa of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa laryngis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59662, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:18334
xref: FMA:59662
xref: GAID:301
xref: MA:0001766
xref: MESH:A04.329.597
xref: SCTID:361940006
xref: UMLS:C0023053
xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0000379  ! tracheal mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001825
name: paranasal sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "Paranasal sinuses are air-filled spaces, communicating with the nasal cavity, within the bones of the skull and face. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Paranasal_sinuses]
comment: Arise as epithelial lined diverticula of the lining of the nasal cavity. The extent of sinus development varies with species, most of the development occurs postnatally
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nasal sinus" RELATED [GAID:355]
synonym: "sinus" BROAD []
xref: EHDAA:6489
xref: EV:0100038
xref: FMA:59679
xref: GAID:355
xref: MA:0000431
xref: MESH:A04.531.621
xref: SCTID:181203001
xref: UMLS:C0030471
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Nnh_front.svg/200px-Nnh_front.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Paranasal_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001826
name: nasal cavity mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "the mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity[MP]." [MP:0002238]
comment: TODO - check lining vs part of. split olfactory and nasal mucosa?
synonym: "mucosa of nose" EXACT [FMA:59684]
synonym: "mucous membrane of nose" EXACT [FMA:59684]
synonym: "nasal mucosa" RELATED []
synonym: "tunica mucosa nasalis" EXACT []
synonym: "tunica mucosa nasi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59684, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0000912
xref: FMA:59684
xref: GAID:302
xref: SCTID:310211009
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004785  ! respiratory system mucosa
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001827
name: lacrimal gland secretion
namespace: uberon
def: "A substance secreted the lacrimal gland.[Automatically generated definition]" [OBOL:automatical, Wikipedia:Tear]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lacrimal secretion" EXACT []
synonym: "tear" EXACT [FMA:59756]
synonym: "tears" EXACT PLURAL []
xref: BTO:0001499
xref: ENVO:02000034
xref: FMA:59756
xref: GAID:1173
xref: MA:0002508
xref: MESH:A12.200.882
xref: UMLS:C0039409
xref: galen:Tear
xref: galen:Tears
xref: ncithesaurus:Tear
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001828
name: gingiva
namespace: uberon
def: "The fibrous investing tissue, covered by keratinized epithelium, that immediately surrounds a tooth and is contiguous with its periodontal ligament and with the mucosal tissues of the mouth[Glossary of Periodontal Terms 2001]." [ISBN10:0013002015, Wikipedia:Gingiva]
comment: Editor notes: FMA has a 3-level breakdown of jaws into: region, jaw (skeleton+gums), skeleton.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gingival mucosa" RELATED []
synonym: "gum" EXACT [FMA:59762]
synonym: "gum tissue" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "gums" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000519
xref: EFO:0001925
xref: EV:0100064
xref: FMA:59762
xref: GAID:1257
xref: MA:0000342
xref: MESH:A14.254.646.480
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViWnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181224006
xref: UMLS:C0017562
xref: VHOG:0001269
xref: galen:Gingiva
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Tooth_Section.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tooth_Section.svg/200px-Tooth_Section.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gingiva
is_a: UBERON:0003729  ! mouth mucosa
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004103 ! alveolar ridge
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008266 ! periodontal ligament
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011595 ! jaw region
property_value: has_relational_adjective "gingival" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001829
name: major salivary gland
namespace: uberon
def: "the three largest glands of the oral cavity that secrete most of the saliva, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands." [MP:0003792]
comment: There are 3 pairs of major salivary glands in human and mouse[ISBN10:0123813611]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: FMA:59788
xref: MA:0002478
xref: SCTID:303049006
xref: UMLS:C0930553
xref: galen:MajorSalivaryGland
xref: ncithesaurus:Major_Salivary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0010047  ! oral gland
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001830
name: minor salivary gland
namespace: uberon
def: "the smaller, largely mucus-secreting, exocrine glands of the oral cavity, consisting of the labial, buccal, molar, lingual, and palatine glands[MP]. There are over 600 minor salivary glands located throughout the oral cavity within the lamina propria of the oral mucosa. They are 1-2mm in diameter and unlike the other glands, they are not encapsulated by connective tissue only surrounded by it. The gland is usually a number of acini connected in a tiny lobule. A minor salivary gland may have a common excretory duct with another gland, or may have its own excretory duct. Their secretion is mainly mucous in nature (except for Von Ebner's glands) and have many functions such as coating the oral cavity with saliva. Problems with dentures are usually associated with minor salivary glands[WP]." [MP:0003791, Wikipedia:Salivary_gland#Minor_Salivary_Glands]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: FMA:59789
xref: GAID:940
xref: MA:0002479
xref: MESH:A10.336.779.650
xref: SCTID:362177001
xref: UMLS:C0036099
xref: galen:MinorSalivaryGland
xref: ncithesaurus:Minor_Salivary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001044  ! salivary gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005334 ! oral lamina propria

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001831
name: parotid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The parotid gland is the largest of the salivary glands. It is found wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and it secretes saliva through Stensen's duct into the oral cavity, to facilitate mastication and swallowing. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parotid_gland]
comment: The mouse parotid, exorbital lacrimal gland and exocrine pancreas have similar histological appearances[ISBN10:0123813611]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "glandula parotidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parotid_gland]
synonym: "parotid" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010095
xref: BTO:0001004
xref: EFO:0002558
xref: EMAPA:18537
xref: EV:0100060
xref: FMA:59790
xref: GAID:938
xref: MA:0001585
xref: MESH:A10.336.779.464
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqwyg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181234002
xref: UMLS:C0030580
xref: VHOG:0000308
xref: galen:ParotidGland
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Parotid_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001829  ! major salivary gland
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008801 ! parotid gland primordium
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek
property_value: external_definition "A mammalian salivary gland located caudal to the ear. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-22, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The most common oral glands in mammals are the salivary glands. There are usually three primary pairs of salivary glands, named for their approximate positions: mandibular (submandibular or submaxillary), sublingual, and parotid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001832
name: sublingual gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The sublingual glands are salivary glands in the mouth. They lie anterior to the submandibular gland under the tongue, beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth. They are drained by 8-20 excretory ducts called the ducts of Rivinus. The largest duct, the sublingual duct (of Bartholin) joins the submandibular duct to drain through the sublingual caruncle. The sublingual gland consists mostly of Mucous acini capped with serous demilunes and is therefore categorized as a mixed gland. Most of the remaining small sublingual ducts open separately into the mouth on an elevated crest of mucous membrane, the sublingual fold, caused by the gland and on either side of the frenulum linguae. The chorda tympani nerve is secretomotor to the sublingual glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_gland]
comment: Single lobed in mouse; largest acini of the 3 rodent salivary glands. In human and mouse, secretions are predominantly mucinous[ISBN10:0123813611]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Rivinus gland" RELATED [BTO:0001315]
synonym: "Rivinus' gland" EXACT []
synonym: "ductus sublingualis" EXACT []
synonym: "glandula sublingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sublingual_gland]
synonym: "sublingual salivary gland" RELATED []
synonym: "submaxillary gland" RELATED [MA:0001589]
xref: BTO:0001315
xref: EMAPA:18809
xref: EV:0100062
xref: FMA:59791
xref: GAID:941
xref: MA:0001588
xref: MESH:A10.336.779.687
xref: SCTID:362176005
xref: UMLS:C0038553
xref: VHOG:0000363
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray1024.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray1024.png/200px-Gray1024.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sublingual_Salivary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001829  ! major salivary gland
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006297 ! sublingual gland primordium
property_value: external_definition "One of a pair of small salivary glands situated under the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth, beneath the tongue. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most mammals have well-developed parotid, mandibular, and sublingual glands.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001833
name: lip
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the two fleshy folds which surround the opening of the mouth. " [Wikipedia:Lip, http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9458]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "labia oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lip]
synonym: "lips" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001647
xref: FMA:59816
xref: GAID:76
xref: MA:0000343
xref: MESH:A01.456.505.631.515
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi4U5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181221003
xref: TAO:0007006
xref: UMLS:C0023759
xref: VHOG:0000677
xref: ZFA:0007006
xref: galen:Lip
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Lips.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Mouth.jpg/200px-Mouth.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Lip
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is one of the two fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "labial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001834
name: upper lip
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003391
def: "Lip that covers the upper portion of the mouth.[TAO]." [TAO:0001970, Wikipedia:Upper_lip]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "labium superius oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Upper_lip]
synonym: "upper jaw lip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EMAPA:17925
xref: FMA:59817
xref: MA:0000919
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWPv7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245776003
xref: TAO:0001970
xref: VHOG:0001750
xref: ZFA:0005226
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg/200px-Illu01_head_neck.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0001833  ! lip
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0011592 ! future upper lip
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001833  ! lip
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
property_value: external_definition "Lip that covers the lower portion of the mouth. [ZFIN:Curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Lip that covers the upper portion of the mouth.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001835
name: lower lip
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003392
def: "Lip that covers the upper portion of the mouth.[TAO]." [TAO:0002060, Wikipedia:Lower_lip]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "labium inferius oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lower_lip]
synonym: "lower jaw lip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EHDAA2:0001020
xref: EMAPA:17909
xref: FMA:59818
xref: MA:0000921
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv842UpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245777007
xref: TAO:0002060
xref: UMLS:C0458583
xref: ZFA:0005225
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Mouth.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Mouth.jpg/200px-Mouth.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Lip
is_a: UBERON:0001833  ! lip
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011596 ! future lower lip
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001833  ! lip
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
property_value: external_definition "Lip that covers the lower portion of the mouth.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001836
name: saliva
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans, the saliva is a turbid and slightly viscous fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. In man and many animals, saliva is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin[GO]." [GO:0046541, Wikipedia:Saliva]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sailva normalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saliva]
synonym: "saliva atomaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saliva]
synonym: "saliva molecularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saliva]
synonym: "salivary gland secretion" EXACT [FMA:59862]
xref: BTO:0001202
xref: ENVO:02000036
xref: FMA:59862
xref: GAID:1167
xref: MA:0002507
xref: MAT:0000444
xref: MESH:A12.200.666
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJ95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0036087
xref: galen:Saliva
xref: ncithesaurus:Saliva
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
property_value: has_relational_adjective "salivary" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001837
name: duct of salivary gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An intralobular duct found in salivary glands and involved in the production and transport of their secretions[BTO]." [BTO:0005115, Wikipedia:Salivary_duct]
comment: check taxonomy coverage - define functionally?
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "salivary duct" EXACT []
synonym: "salivary gland duct" EXACT []
synonym: "secretory duct" RELATED [BTO:0005115]
xref: BTO:0005115
xref: FMA:59908
xref: GAID:939
xref: MA:0001586
xref: MESH:A10.336.779.640
xref: SCTID:181238004
is_a: UBERON:0003928  ! digestive system duct
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001836 ! saliva
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001838
name: sublingual duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The excretory ducts of the sublingual gland are from eight to twenty in number. Of the smaller sublingual ducts (ducts of Rivinus), some join the submandibular duct; others open separately into the mouth, on the elevated crest of mucous membrane (plica sublingualis), caused by the projection of the gland, on either side of the frenulum linguae. One or more join to form the major sublingual duct (larger sublingual duct, duct of Bartholin), which opens into the submandibular duct. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_duct]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0004558
xref: FMA:59983
xref: MA:0002699
xref: SCTID:281000009
is_a: UBERON:0001837  ! duct of salivary gland
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0001837  ! duct of salivary gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001839
name: bony labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "A system of fluid passages in the inner ear, including both the cochlea, which is part of the auditory system, and the vestibular system, which provides the sense of balance. The bony labyrinth, or osseous labyrinth, is the network of passages with bony walls lined with periosteum. The bony labyrinth is lined with the membranous labyrinth. There is a layer of perilymph between them. The three parts of the bony labyrinth are the vestibule of the ear, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. The vestibular system is the region of the inner ear where the semicircular canals converge, close to the cochlea (the hearing organ). The vestibular system works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. Joint and muscle receptors also are important in maintaining balance. The brain receives, interprets, and processes the information from these systems that control our balance. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Bony_labyrinth]
comment: Ideally we would place a spatially disjoint from relationship to membranous labyrinth, but there are many parts in common. this should be resolved.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "labyrinthus osseus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Bony_labyrinth]
synonym: "osseous labyrinth" EXACT []
synonym: "osseus labyrinth" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011078
xref: BTO:0004685
xref: EV:0100362
xref: FMA:60179
xref: MA:0000238
xref: SCTID:279727008
xref: UMLS:C0458699
xref: VHOG:0001219
xref: XAO:0000193
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Gray920.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gray920.png/200px-Gray920.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Osseous_Labyrinth
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 ! petrous part of temporal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004681 ! vestibular system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001840
name: semicircular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "One of three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear[WP]. Fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in the ear, that detect angular accelerations. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/semi_canal/semi.html'>semicircular canals</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [Wikipedia:Semicircular_canal, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Note that MA divides this into osseous and duct. In FMA, this is systemically part of the bony labyrinth. Note this is an anatomical space in ZFA. The MA treatment has advantages for representing the neuroepithelium, which should not be part of bone. Also check duct vs canal
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "canalis semicircularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semicircular_canal]
synonym: "ductus semicirculares" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0003383, FMA:71880, FMA:TA]
synonym: "scc" RELATED [TAO:0000431]
synonym: "semicircular canals" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000431]
xref: AAO:0011098
xref: BTO:0003383
xref: EV:0100365
xref: FMA:60186
xref: GAID:776
xref: MA:0000249
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.663
xref: SCTID:279757004
xref: TAO:0000431
xref: UMLS:C0036622
xref: VHOG:0001144
xref: XAO:0000198
xref: ZFA:0000431
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png/200px-Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Semicircular_Canal
is_a: UBERON:0000025  ! tube
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth
property_value: external_definition "Fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in the ear, that detect angular accelerations. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus. These ducts are sometimes called canals, but technically the term semicircular canal applies to the spaces in the osseus labyrinth in which the semicircular ducts lie.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001841
name: anterior semicircular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/semi_canal/semi.html'>semicircular canals</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [Wikipedia:Anterior_semicircular_canal, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior semicircular canals" RELATED []
synonym: "anterior semicircular duct" RELATED []
synonym: "canalis semircularis posterior" RELATED [AAO:0000058]
synonym: "rostral vertical semicircular canal" RELATED []
synonym: "superior semicircular canal" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000058
xref: EHDAA2:0001959
xref: EHDAA:7802
xref: EMAPA:17299
xref: FMA:60187
xref: MA:0001207
xref: SCTID:279764002
xref: TAO:0000314
xref: UMLS:C1288332
xref: ZFA:0000314
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Semicircular_Canal
is_a: UBERON:0001840  ! semicircular canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from anterior semicircular canal primordium (TAO:0000469)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001842
name: posterior semicircular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/semi_canal/semi.html'>semicircular canals</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [Wikipedia:Posterior_semicircular_canal, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Editor notes: verify AAO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "canalis semicircularis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_semicircular_canal]
synonym: "caudal vertical semicircular canal" RELATED []
synonym: "pars superior of labyrinth" RELATED [AAO:0000420]
synonym: "posterior semicircular canals" RELATED []
synonym: "posterior semicircular duct" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000420
xref: EHDAA2:0001489
xref: EHDAA:7796
xref: EMAPA:17296
xref: FMA:60190
xref: MA:0001209
xref: SCTID:279762003
xref: TAO:0000262
xref: UMLS:C0229454
xref: ZFA:0000262
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray921.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Semicircular_Canal
is_a: UBERON:0001840  ! semicircular canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from posterior semicircular canal primordium (TAO:0000412)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001843
name: lateral semicircular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/semi_canal/semi.html'>semicircular canals</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [Wikipedia:Lateral_semicircular_canal, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "horizontal semicircular canal" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral semicircular canals" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral semicircular duct" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000920
xref: EHDAA:7790
xref: EMAPA:17821
xref: FMA:60193
xref: MA:0001208
xref: SCTID:279761005
xref: TAO:0000220
xref: ZFA:0000220
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png
is_a: UBERON:0001840  ! semicircular canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from lateral semicircular canal primordium (TAO:0000232)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001844
name: cochlea
namespace: uberon
def: "The cochlea is the auditory portion of the inner ear. Its core component is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along the partition separating fluid chambers in the coiled tapered tube of the cochlea. The name is from the Latin for snail, which is from the Greek kokhlias 'snail, screw,' from kokhlos 'spiral shell,' in reference to its coiled shape; the cochlea is coiled in most mammals, monotremes being the exceptions. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlea]
comment: AO notes: sources vary in connection to bony labyrinth. Taxon notes: The association with 'lagena' in frog and fish comes from HOG, although HOG is inconsistent here, associating lagena with XAO cochlea and ZFA cochlear duct. NBK53175 says:  \"In contrast, the ventrally located auditory chambers have undergone more extensive evolutionary modifications. The saccule and lagena are prominent auditory organs in fish but the saccule has a vestibular role in mammals and birds, and the lagena is absent in mammals. The primary au- ditory organ in mammals and birds is the cochlea, which has no known counterpart in amphibians and fish (Riley and Phillips, 2003)\"
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cochlear organ" RELATED [BTO:0000267]
synonym: "cochlear part of bony labyrinth" EXACT []
synonym: "lagena" EXACT SENSU [XAO:0000197]
xref: AAO:0000253
xref: BTO:0000267
xref: EFO:0000357
xref: EMAPA:17597
xref: EV:0100363
xref: FMA:60201
xref: GAID:724
xref: MA:0000240
xref: MAT:0000144
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.246
xref: MIAA:0000144
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1190
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_883
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqfJmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181187008
xref: TAO:0000374
xref: UMLS:C0009195
xref: VHOG:0000691
xref: XAO:0000197
xref: ZFA:0000374
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Cochlea-crosssection.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png/200px-Cochlea-crosssection.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlea
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth
property_value: external_definition "A spiral-shaped cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone of the inner ear, containing the nerve endings essential for hearing and forming one of the divisions of the labyrinth. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cochlear" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Because achieving high sensitivity is generally advantageous for auditory organs, it is not surprising that evidence for cochlear amplification is also seen in nonmammals. Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) are narrow-band sound signals emitted from the inner ear, and it is generally assumed that their energy derives from the hair-cell molecular motors underlying cochlear amplification. However, all terrestrial vertebrates studied so far (including amphibians) show very similar SOAEs. The most parsimonious explanation for the universality of this phenomena is that some kind of amplifying mechanism is at least as old as land vertebrates themselves.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001845
name: perilymph
namespace: uberon
def: "Transudate contained in the osseous labyrinth outside the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Perilymph]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "liquor cotunnii" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perilymph]
synonym: "perilympha" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perilymph]
xref: FMA:60908
xref: GAID:1185
xref: MA:0002529
xref: MESH:A12.207.571.678
xref: TAO:0005413
xref: UMLS:C0031059
xref: ZFA:0005413
xref: ncithesaurus:Perilymph
is_a: UBERON:0006586  ! otolymph
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002278 ! perilymphatic space
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001846
name: internal ear
namespace: uberon
def: "Complex labyrinthine structure that comprises sensory endorgans specialized for vestibular, auditory, and acoustico-vestibular sensation." [PMID:16217737, Wikipedia:Internal_ear, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "auris interna" RELATED [BTO:0000630]
synonym: "inner ear" EXACT []
synonym: "labyrinth" RELATED []
synonym: "otocyst" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000238
xref: BTO:0000630
xref: EFO:0001363
xref: EHDAA2:0000831
xref: EHDAA:504
xref: EMAPA:16194
xref: EV:0100361
xref: FMA:60909
xref: GAID:871
xref: MA:0000237
xref: MAT:0000145
xref: MESH:A09.246.631
xref: MIAA:0000145
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1196
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJ8SsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181189006
xref: TAO:0000217
xref: UMLS:C0022889
xref: VHOG:0000284
xref: XAO:0000192
xref: ZFA:0000217
xref: galen:InnerEar
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray923.png/200px-Gray923.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Ear
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear
property_value: external_definition "The auditory (hearing) and vestibular (balance) organ of the fish, equivalent to the inner ear of amniotes. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The labyrinth, or inner ear, evolved very early in vertebrate history and, with many variations in configuration but none of basic design and function, has been retained by all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001849
name: membranous labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ with organ cavity which consists of the vestibular labyrinth and the cochlear labyrinth. Examples: There are only two membranous labyrinths, the right and the left.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Membranous_labyrinth]
comment: inner ear has parts membranous and osseuous/bony labyrinth. it's not clear where the edinburgh terms 'labyrinth' belong, we place them here for now
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "labyrinthus membranaceus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Membranous_labyrinth]
xref: AAO:0011060
xref: EHDAA:4698
xref: EMAPA:17815
xref: EV:0100367
xref: FMA:61022
xref: MA:0000242
xref: SCTID:263790009
xref: UMLS:C0458700
xref: VHOG:0000729
xref: XAO:0000194
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray924.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray924.png/200px-Gray924.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Membranous_Labyrinth
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010113 ! future membranous labyrinth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
property_value: external_definition "A system of communicating epithelial sacs and ducts within the bony labyrinth, containing the endolymph. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The labyrinth, or inner ear, evolved very early in vertebrate history and, with many variations in configuration but none of basic design and function, has been retained by all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001850
name: lacrimal duct
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ with organ cavity which connects the vestibule of the conjunctival sac to the nasal cavity. Examples: There are only two lacrimal ducts, the right and the left lacrimal ducts.[FMA]" [FMA:61063, Wikipedia:Lacrimal_canaliculi]
comment: todo - resolve canaliculus vs tear duct vs lacrimal vs nasolacrimal
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lacrimal caniculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_duct]
synonym: "tear duct" RELATED [MA:0001295]
xref: EMAPA:19245
xref: FMA:61063
xref: MA:0001295
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001750 ! lacrimal apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001851
name: cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "Outermost layer of an organ[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cortex_(anatomy)]
comment: Note that this class is used more generically than in FMA, and includes e.g. cortex of hair
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "cortex" EXACT [FMA:61109]
synonym: "cortex of organ" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0000383
xref: EHDAA:9344
xref: FMA:61109
xref: galen:Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000062 ! organ
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cortical" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001852
name: endolymph
namespace: uberon
def: "Transudate contained within the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]" [FMA:61112, Wikipedia:Endolymph]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Scarpa's fluid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Endolymph]
synonym: "endolympha" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Endolymph]
synonym: "endolymphatic fluid" EXACT []
xref: FMA:61112
xref: GAID:1184
xref: MA:0002528
xref: MESH:A12.207.571.324
xref: TAO:0005414
xref: UMLS:C0014166
xref: ZFA:0005414
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png/200px-Cochlea-crosssection.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Endolymph
is_a: UBERON:0006586  ! otolymph
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth
property_value: has_relational_adjective "otolymphic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001853
name: utricle of membranous labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the two otolith organs located in the vertebrate inner ear. These use small stones and a viscous fluid to stimulate hair cells to detect motion and orientation. The utricle is larger than the saccule and is of an oblong form, compressed transversely, and occupies the upper and back part of the vestibule, lying in contact with the recessus ellipticus and the part below it. The utricle contains mechanoreceptors called hair cells that distinguish between degrees of tilting of the head, thanks to their apical cilia set-up. These are covered by otolith which, due to gravity, pull on the cilia and tilt them. Depending on whether the tilt is in the direction of the kinocilium or not, the resulting hair cell polarisation is excitatory (depolarising) or inhibitory (hyperpolarisation), respectively. This signal to the vestibular nerve (which takes it to the brainstem) does not adapt with time. The effect of this is that, for example, an individual lying down to sleep will continue to detect that they are lying down hours later when they awaken[WP]." [Wikipedia:Utricle_(ear)]
comment: XAO/AAO to be checked - see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5; AAO has both utricle and utriculus; these are generally considered synonyms - e.g. http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=utriculus
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT []
synonym: "utricle" EXACT []
synonym: "utriculus" EXACT [ZFA:0000700]
synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000625
xref: AAO:0011109
xref: BTO:0001807
xref: EHDAA2:0002153
xref: EHDAA:4726
xref: EMAPA:17293
xref: EV:0100368
xref: FMA:61113
xref: MA:0000247
xref: SCTID:279817006
xref: TAO:0000700
xref: UMLS:C0042158
xref: VHOG:0000289
xref: XAO:0000195
xref: ZFA:0000700
xref: ncithesaurus:Utricle
is_a: UBERON:0002518  ! otolith organ
property_value: external_definition "The portion of the membranous labyrinth of the ear into which the semicircular ducts find their outlet. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001854
name: saccule of membranous labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "A bed of sensory cells situated in the inner ear. The saccule translates head movements into neural impulses which the brain can interpret. The saccule is sensitive to linear translations of the head, specifically movements up and down (think about moving on an elevator). When the head moves vertically, the sensory cells of the saccule are disturbed and the neurons connected to them begin transmitting impulses to the brain. These impulses travel along the vestibular portion of the eighth cranial nerve to the vestibular nuclei in the brainstem. is the smaller of the two vestibular sacs. It is globular in form and lies in the recessus sphC&ricus near the opening of the scala vestibuli of the cochlea. Its cavity does not directly communicate with that of the utricle. The anterior part of the saccule exhibits an oval thickening, the macula acustica sacculi, or macula, to which are distributed the saccular filaments of the vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve, also known as the acoustic nerve or cranial nerve VIII[WP]." [Wikipedia:Saccule]
comment: XAO/AAO to be checked - see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT []
synonym: "saccule" EXACT []
synonym: "sacculus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Saccule, ZFA:0000428]
synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000550
xref: BTO:0001805
xref: EHDAA2:0001769
xref: EHDAA:4712
xref: EMAPA:17290
xref: EV:0100369
xref: FMA:61116
xref: MA:0000246
xref: SCTID:279827000
xref: TAO:0000428
xref: UMLS:C0036029
xref: VHOG:0000374
xref: XAO:0000196
xref: ZFA:0000428
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg/200px-Bigotolith.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Saccule
is_a: UBERON:0002518  ! otolith organ
property_value: external_definition "The most ventral chamber of the membranous labyrinth. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-25, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus. (...) In all gnathostomes, the utriculus connects ventrally with a larger sac, called the sacculus (...) .[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001855
name: cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "An endolymph filled cavity inside the cochlea, located in between the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli, separated by the basilar membrane and Reissner's membrane (the vestibular membrane) respectively. Houses the organ of Corti[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_duct]
comment: TODO: check cochlear duct vs cochlear aqueduct vs scala media
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Reissner's canal" EXACT []
synonym: "cochlea duct" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2562]
synonym: "cochlear aqueduct" RELATED []
synonym: "cochlear duct" EXACT []
synonym: "ductus cochlearis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001692, Wikipedia:Cochlear_duct]
synonym: "membranous cochlea" RELATED [BTO:0001692]
synonym: "reissners canal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2562]
synonym: "scala media" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cochlear_duct]
synonym: "scala medias" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2562]
synonym: "scala of Loewenberg" RELATED [BTO:0001692]
xref: BTO:0001692
xref: EHDAA2:0000262
xref: EHDAA:4718
xref: EMAPA:17598
xref: FMA:61119
xref: GAID:874
xref: MA:0000243
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.246.292
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2562
xref: SCTID:279849006
xref: UMLS:C1323110
xref: VHOG:0000507
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Gray928.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gray928.png/200px-Gray928.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002499 ! cochlear labyrinth
property_value: external_definition "The coiled portion of the membranous labyrinth located inside the cochlea. It contains endolymph. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus. (...) In all gnathostomes, the utriculus connects ventrally with a larger sac, called the sacculus (...) In most groups of gnathostomes, the caudoventral evagination of the sacculus forms a small lagena, and in some diapsids and mammals the lagena develops into a longer duct. The lagena becomes greatly elongated in therians and coils to form the cochlear duct.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001856
name: semicircular duct
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the three loop-shaped membranous inner tubular parts of the semicircular canals that are about one-fourth the diameter of the corresponding outer bony canals, that communicate at each end with the utricle, and that have near one end an expanded ampulla containing an area of sensory epithelium" [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/semicircular+duct]
comment: TODO - check canal vs duct. see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray927.png
synonym: "ductus semicirculares" RELATED PLURAL [FMA:71880, FMA:TA]
synonym: "membranous semicircular canal" RELATED [MA:0000251]
xref: FMA:61122
xref: MA:0000251
xref: SCTID:279833009
xref: UMLS:C1323109
xref: VHOG:0000238
xref: ncithesaurus:Semicircular_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth
property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus (...); Gnathostome ears have a horizontal semicircular duct. This brings their complement to three semicircular ducts, a pattern retained throughout gnathostome evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001857
name: anterior semicircular duct
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "superior semicircular duct" RELATED [VHOG:0000246]
xref: FMA:61123
xref: MA:0001211
xref: SCTID:279836001
xref: VHOG:0000246
is_a: UBERON:0001856  ! semicircular duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001841 ! anterior semicircular canal
property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrata is characterized by three synapomorphies. (...) Vertebrates also have at least two vertical semicircular ducts (...). In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001858
name: posterior semicircular duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The semicircular canals are three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear. The three canals are the horizontal semicircular canal (also known as the lateral semicircular canal), superior semicircular canal (also known as the anterior semicircular canal), and the posterior semicircular canal. The canals are aligned approximately orthogonally to one another. The horizontal canal is aligned roughly horizontally in the head. The superior and anterior canals are aligned roughly at a 45 degree angle to a vertical plane drawn from the nose to the back of the skull. Thus, the horizontal canal detects horizontal head movements (such as when doing a pirouette), while the superior and posterior canals detect vertical head movements. Each canal is filled with a fluid called endolymph and contains a motion sensor with little hairs whose ends are embedded in a gelatinous structure called the cupula. As the skull twists in any direction, the endolymph is thrown into different sections of the canals. The cilia detect when the endolymph rushes past, and a signal is then sent to the brain. The semicircular canals are a component of the Labyrinth. Among species of mammals, the size of the semicircular canals is correlated with their type of locomotion. Specifically, species that are agile and have fast, jerky locomotion have larger canals relative to their body size than those that move more cautiously. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semicircular_canal]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:61126
xref: MA:0001214
xref: SCTID:279835002
xref: VHOG:0000248
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png/200px-Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png
is_a: UBERON:0001856  ! semicircular duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001842 ! posterior semicircular canal
property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrata is characterized by three synapomorphies. (...) Vertebrates also have at least two vertical semicircular ducts (...). In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001859
name: lateral semicircular duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral or horizontal canal (external semicircular canal) is the shortest of the three canals. Movement of fluid within this canal corresponds to rotation of the head around a vertical axis (i.e. the neck). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_semicircular_duct]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:61129
xref: MA:0001213
xref: SCTID:279834003
xref: VHOG:0000247
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png
is_a: UBERON:0001856  ! semicircular duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001843 ! lateral semicircular canal
property_value: homology_notes "Gnathostome ears have a horizontal semicircular duct. This brings their complement to three semicircular ducts, a pattern retained throughout gnathostome evolution. [ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.58] ; In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001860
name: endolymphatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "From the posterior wall of the saccule a canal, the endolymphatic duct, is given off; this duct is joined by the ductus utriculosaccularis, and then passes along the aquaeductus vestibuli and ends in a blind pouch on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, where it is in contact with the dura mater. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Endolymphatic_duct]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ductus endolymphaticus" EXACT LATIN [AAO:0000135, Wikipedia:Endolymphatic_duct]
xref: AAO:0000135
xref: EMAPA:18580
xref: FMA:61246
xref: GAID:886
xref: MA:0001187
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.909.957.360
xref: SCTID:362567008
xref: TAO:0002194
xref: ZFA:0001705
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray924.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray924.png/200px-Gray924.png
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth
property_value: external_definition "Duct that is part of the inner ear and connects to the semicircular canals ending in a pouch.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "endoymphatic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001861
name: ductus reuniens
namespace: uberon
def: "The canalis reuniens of Hansen is part of the human inner ear. It connects the lower part of the saccule to the ductus cochlearis near its vestibular extremity." [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen]
synonym: "Hensen duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen]
synonym: "Hensen's duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen]
synonym: "canal of Henson" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen]
synonym: "canalis reuniens" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen]
synonym: "canalis reuniens of Hensen" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen]
xref: EMAPA:17287
xref: FMA:61252
xref: MA:0000244
xref: SCTID:279805009
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth
relationship: connects UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001862
name: vestibular labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the membranous labyrinth that includes the utricle and saccule lodged within the vestibule and the semicircular ducts lodged eccentrically in the corresponding canals." [BTO:0001856]
synonym: "inner ear vestibular component" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000832]
synonym: "labyrinthus vestibularis" RELATED [BTO:0001856]
synonym: "vestibular apparatus" RELATED []
synonym: "vestibular component" BROAD []
xref: BTO:0001856
xref: EHDAA2:0000832
xref: EHDAA:4706
xref: EMAPA:17286
xref: FMA:61255
xref: MA:0000245
xref: SCTID:181188003
xref: UMLS:C0042606
xref: XAO:0004145
xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Labyrinth
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001863
name: scala vestibuli
namespace: uberon
def: "Scala vestibuli is a perilymph filled cavity inside the cochlea of the inner ear. It is separated from the scala media by Reissner's membrane and extends from the oval window to the helicotrema where it joins scala tympani. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scala_vestibuli]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:61269
xref: MA:0001206
xref: SCTID:362578000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray923.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cochlea-crosssection.png/250px-Cochlea-crosssection.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray923.png/200px-Gray923.png
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002278 ! perilymphatic space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001864
name: scala tympani
namespace: uberon
def: "Scala tympani is one of the perilymph-filled cavities in the cochlear labyrinth. It is separated from the scala media by the basilar membrane, and it extends from the round window to the helicotrema, where it continues as scala vestibuli. The purpose of the perilymph-filled scala tympani and scala vestibuli is to transduce the movement of air that causes the tympanic membrane and the ossicles to vibrate, to movement of liquid and the basilar membrane. This movement is conveyed to the organ of Corti inside the scala media, composed of hair cells attached to the basilar membrane and their stereocilia embedded in the tectorial membrane. The movement of the basilar membrane compared to the tectorial membrane causes the sterocilia to bend. They then depolarise and send impulses to the brain via the cochlear nerve. This produces the sensation of sound. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scala_tympani]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:61272
xref: GAID:879
xref: MA:0001205
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.246.848
xref: SCTID:362579008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray921.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002278 ! perilymphatic space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001865
name: cartilaginous external acoustic tube
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "cartilaginous external acoustic meatus" EXACT []
synonym: "cartilaginous part of external acoustic meatus" EXACT []
synonym: "external acoustic meatus cartilaginous part" EXACT []
synonym: "meatus acusticus externus cartilagineus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61289, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:61289
xref: MA:0001234
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001867
name: cartilage of external ear
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage that is part of a external ear [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "auricular region cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "auricular region of head cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of auricular region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of auricular region of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of outer ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "external ear cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "outer ear cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:61339
xref: GAID:103
xref: MA:0001886
xref: MESH:A02.165.207
xref: UMLS:C0013445
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Ear_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001996  ! elastic cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001868
name: skin of chest
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: check FMA:61415
synonym: "anterior thoracic region zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest skin" EXACT []
synonym: "chest zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "front of thorax zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of anterior chest" EXACT [FMA:61416]
synonym: "zone of skin of anterior part of thorax" EXACT [FMA:61416]
synonym: "zone of skin of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zone of skin of pectoral part of chest" RELATED [FMA:61417]
xref: FMA:61416
xref: FMA:61417
xref: MA:0000553
xref: SCTID:181496004
is_a: UBERON:0001418  ! skin of thorax
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001869
name: cerebral hemisphere
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Cerebral_hemisphere]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hemisphere" RELATED [VHOG:0001639]
synonym: "hemispherium cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_hemisphere]
synonym: "telencephalic vesicle" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010480
xref: BTO:0000231
xref: EFO:0002521
xref: FMA:61817
xref: MA:0000133
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1042
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvigx5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278251007
xref: UMLS:C0228174
xref: VHOG:0001639
xref: galen:CerebralHemisphere
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Hemispheres.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Hemisphere
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Part of the telencephalon consisting of either of the two smooth, elongated halves of the cerebrum.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The presence of paired evaginated hemispheres and olfactory bulbs in both agnathan and gnathostome radiations suggests that such hemispheres were also present in the common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001873
name: caudate nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "Nucleus of brain which is an elongated crescent-shaped mass lying parallel and adjacent to the lateral ventricle throughout its extent." [Wikipedia:Caudate_nucleus]
comment: CHECK - rodents. The caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by a clear white matter bundle in most species but not in rodents (MM)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "caudatus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus caudatus" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000211, Wikipedia:Caudate_nucleus]
xref: BM:Tel-CA
xref: BTO:0000211
xref: EFO:0000907
xref: EMAPA:18207
xref: EV:0100185
xref: FMA:61833
xref: GAID:670
xref: MA:0000894
xref: MAT:0000513
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487.550.184
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1373
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvyAjJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:279297002
xref: UMLS:C0007461
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg/200px-Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Caudate_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010122 ! future caudate nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005383 ! caudate-putamen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001874
name: putamen
namespace: uberon
def: "Nucleus of brain which lies ventral to the caudate nucleus and internal capsule and medial to the external capsule. The putamen and caudate nucleus together form the dorsal striatum. It is also one of the structures that comprises the basal ganglia. Through various pathways, the putamen is connected to the substantia nigra and globus pallidus. The main function of the putamen is to regulate movements and influence various types of learning. It employs dopamine to perform its functions. The putamen also plays a role in degenerative neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease." [Wikipedia:Putamen]
comment: CHECK - rodents. The caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by a clear white matter bundle in most species but not in rodents (MM)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus putamen" EXACT []
xref: BM:Tel-Pu
xref: EV:0100187
xref: FMA:61834
xref: GAID:671
xref: MA:0000895
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487.550.784
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_809
xref: SCTID:281512002
xref: UMLS:C0034169
xref: VHOG:0001456
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg/200px-BrainCaudatePutamen.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Putamen
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005383 ! caudate-putamen
property_value: homology_notes "All nuclei of the mammalian basal ganglia are also present in the oldest vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001875
name: globus pallidus
namespace: uberon
def: "Subcortical nucleus, functionally part of the basal ganglia, which consists of two segments the external (or lateral) and internal (or medial) separated by the medial medullary lamina in primates.  In rodents, The globus pallidus lateral is separated from the medial segment by the fibers of the internal capsule/cerebral peduncle[NIF]. Nucleus of brain which is located medially to the putamen and laterally to the internal capsule[FMA]." [FMA:61835, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234, Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus]
comment: BTO and MA are inconsistent w.r.t striatum and pallidum being non-overlapping as in ABA. Note that we have pallidum as part_of basal gangion, so we can make the direct link to basal ganglion. ISBN10:1588900649 says: ... a derivative of the diencephalon, seperates as a result of growing fibers of theinternal capsule and is finally displaced into telencephalon. only a small medial remnannt remains, the entopeduncular nucleus. The globus pallidus should be regarded as part of the subthalamus
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pale body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234]
synonym: "paleostriatum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus]
synonym: "pallidium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus]
synonym: "pallidum" RELATED [GO:0021759, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234, Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus]
xref: BTO:0002246
xref: EFO:0000905
xref: EV:0100188
xref: FMA:61835
xref: GAID:668
xref: MA:0000890
xref: MAT:0000510
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487.397
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234
xref: SCTID:362361005
xref: UMLS:C0017651
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif/200px-Brain_structure.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Globus_Pallidus
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002263 ! lentiform nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 ! basal ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006514 ! pallidum
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pallidal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001877
name: medial septal nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "medial parolfactory nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "medial septum" NARROW [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1668]
xref: ABA:MS
xref: BM:Tel-Spt-SMN
xref: BTO:0002446
xref: FMA:61879
xref: MA:0000935
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1668
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001878
name: septofimbrial nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "nucleus septofibrialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_730]
synonym: "scattered nucleus of the septum" EXACT []
xref: ABA:SF
xref: BM:SFN
xref: FMA:61881
xref: MA:0000938
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_730
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002667
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007630

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001879
name: nucleus of diagonal band
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "diagonal band nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of the diagonal band of broca" EXACT []
synonym: "olfactory area (roberts)" EXACT []
xref: ABA:NDB
xref: EHDAA2:0004708
xref: FMA:61882
xref: MA:0000936
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_719
xref: UMLS:C0175227
xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_Diagonal_Band
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002663 ! septal nuclear complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007629 ! medial septal complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001880
name: bed nucleus of stria terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "A brain structure in the forebrain wrapped around the stria terminalis. It's largest extent can be found around the crossing of the anterior commissure[INCF]." [INCF:Seattle_mtg_2010, Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis#Bed_nucleus_of_the_stria_terminalis]
synonym: "BST" BROAD [INCF:Seattle_mtg_2010]
synonym: "bed nucleus of the stria terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724]
synonym: "bed nucleus stria terminalis (johnson)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724]
synonym: "intercalate nucleus of stria terminalis" EXACT []
synonym: "interstitial nucleus of stria terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724]
synonym: "nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of stria terminalis" EXACT [FMA:61884]
synonym: "nucleus striae terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61884, FMA:TA]
synonym: "stria terminalis nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:BST
xref: BM:BNST
xref: BTO:0002698
xref: EFO:0001971
xref: FMA:61884
xref: MA:0000925
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002663 ! septal nuclear complex
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0003029 ! stria terminalis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001881
name: island of calleja
namespace: uberon
def: "The islands of Calleja (IC, ISC, or IClj) are a group of neural granule cells located within the ventral striatum in the brains of most animals. This region of the brain is part of the limbic system, where it aids in the reinforcing effects of reward-like activities. Within most species, the islands are specifically located within the olfactory tubercle; however, in primates these islands are located within the nucleus accumbens, the reward center of the brain, since the olfactory tubercle has practically disappeared in the brains of primates. Both of these structures have been implicated in the processing of incentives as well as addictions to drugs. Projections to and from the islands supplement this knowledge with their involvement in the reward pathways for both cocaine and amphetamines. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Islands_of_Calleja]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "calleja island" EXACT []
synonym: "insulae olfactoriae, insula callejae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Islands_of_Calleja]
synonym: "islands of calleja" EXACT []
xref: ABA:isl
xref: BM:Tel-ISC
xref: FMA:61888
xref: GAID:632
xref: MA:0000977
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.699.400
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1113
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Islands_of_Calleja_Rat.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Islands_of_Calleja_Rat.jpg/200px-Islands_of_Calleja_Rat.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001883 ! olfactory tubercle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001882
name: nucleus accumbens
namespace: uberon
def: "a collection of pleomorphic cells in the caudal part of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, in the region of the olfactory tubercle, lying between the head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior perforated substance. It is part of the ventral striatum, a composite structure considered part of the basal ganglia[GO]." [GO:0021768, Wikipedia:Nucleus_accumbens]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "accumbens nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "colliculus of caudate nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus accumbens septi" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_accumbens]
xref: ABA:ACB
xref: BM:Ac
xref: BTO:0001862
xref: EFO:0000906
xref: EHDAA2:0004707
xref: FMA:61889
xref: GAID:672
xref: MA:0000892
xref: MAT:0000512
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.683
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_727
xref: SCTID:427667007
xref: UMLS:C0028633
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Circuit_du_syst%C3%A8me_de_recompense.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Circuit_du_syst%C3%A8me_de_recompense.jpg/200px-Circuit_du_syst%C3%A8me_de_recompense.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Accumbens_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005403 ! ventral striatum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001883

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001883
name: olfactory tubercle
namespace: uberon
def: "a multi-sensory processing center in the olfactory cortex that plays a role in reward behaviors. The OT is a composite structure that receives direct input from the olfactory bulb and contains the morphological and histochemical characteristics of the ventral pallidum and the striatum of the forebrain (Heimer & Wilson 1975)." [Wikipedia:Anterior_perforated_substance]
comment: AO notes: NIF has separate classes for exact syns in FMA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior perforated area" EXACT [FMA:61891]
synonym: "anterior perforated space" EXACT [FMA:61891]
synonym: "anterior perforated substance" EXACT [FMA:61891]
synonym: "olfactory area (Mai)" EXACT [FMA:61891]
synonym: "substantia perforata anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_perforated_substance]
synonym: "tuberculum olfactorium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61891, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:OT
xref: BM:Tel-OLT
xref: BTO:0001869
xref: EHDAA2:0004701
xref: EV:0100177
xref: FMA:61891
xref: MA:0000976
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1096
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005037
xref: SCTID:369108006
xref: VHOG:0001625
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005401 ! cerebral grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001882
property_value: external_definition "Subdivision of telencephalon which is a region on the ventro-medial aspect of the telencephalon penetrated by numerous blood vessels.  It is bounded by the optic tract posteriorly and the olfactory trigone anteriorly[FMA:61891, Wikipedia:Anterior_perforated_substance]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001884
name: phrenic nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The phrenic nerve arises from the third, fourth, and fifth cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5) in humans. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Phrenic_nerve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "diaphragmatic nerve" RELATED [BTO:0001063]
synonym: "nervus phrenicus" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001063, Wikipedia:Phrenic_nerve]
synonym: "phrenic" RELATED [BTO:0001063]
xref: BTO:0001063
xref: EHDAA:4677
xref: EMAPA:17813
xref: FMA:6191
xref: GAID:848
xref: MA:0001170
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.150.700
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtmdUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:280344009
xref: UMLS:C0031774
xref: VHOG:0000728
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Gray806.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Gray806.png/200px-Gray806.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Phrenic_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003443  ! thoracic cavity nerve
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
property_value: external_definition "A nerve that arises from the caudal cervical nerves and is primarily the motor nerve of the diaphragm but also sends sensory fibers to the pericardium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001886
name: choroid plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "A network formed by blood vessels and the tela choroidea which secretes CSF into the ventricular spaces." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Choroid_plexus]
comment: TODO - check relationship to ventricle. Check subclass - ZFA says vasculature. Note that FMA:61934 (choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere) has exact synonym 'choroid plexus' but it is not clear that this belongs here, as the fourth ventricle is not in the cerebral hemisphere
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "chorioid plexus" EXACT [FMA:61934]
synonym: "choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" RELATED [FMA:61934]
synonym: "plexus choroideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61934, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Choroid_plexus]
synonym: "ventricular choroid plexus" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000258
xref: EFO:0001915
xref: FMA:61934
xref: GAID:607
xref: MA:0000823
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.298
xref: SCTID:264450003
xref: TAO:0001443
xref: UMLS:C0008524
xref: VHOG:0001377
xref: ZFA:0001443
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray708.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Gray708.svg/200px-Gray708.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0005284  ! brain vasculature
is_a: UBERON:0005629  ! vascular plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005336  ! capillary layer of choroid
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010078  ! optic choroid vascular plexus
property_value: external_definition "A tuft of capillaries that project into the ventricles of the brain and secretes cerebral spinal fluid. The choroid plexus is covered by a cuboidal epithelium which maintains  the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Fringe of the tela choroidea of the brain ventricles[MP]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "choroidal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001887
name: internal capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "Internal capsule is an organ subdivision of the telencephalon which is made up primarily of myelinated axonal neural tissue (white matter). The internal capsule is a major set of fiber bundles lateral to the thalamus and caudate nucleus and medial to the putamen and globus pallidus. It projects dorsally to the white matter underlying the cerebral cortex." [Wikipedia:Internal_capsule]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "capsula interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_capsule]
synonym: "internal capsule radiations" EXACT []
xref: BM:IC
xref: EMAPA:18206
xref: FMA:61950
xref: GAID:685
xref: MA:0002748
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.435
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1659
xref: UMLS:C0152341
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg/200px-Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0002437  ! cerebral white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001888
name: lateral olfactory tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral olfactory stria is directed across the lateral part of the anterior perforated substance and then bends abruptly medialward toward the uncus of the hippocampal gyrus." [Wikipedia:Lateral_olfactory_stria]
comment: Editor notes: We follow neurolex and use 'tract' rather than 'stria' as the primary label. We make this a subtype of olfactory tract. Currently this groups teleost and mammalian structures by the same name, but this may be a false grouping. For example, in zebrafish, the difference between medial and lateral depends on the region of telencephalon (dorsal or ventral). Taxon notes: In mammals the fibers of the dorsal lateral olfactory tract either pass under the accessory olfactory formation, or they penetrate through it separating the internal granule cells from the output cells.[PMID:7437895]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "LOT" RELATED ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "lateral olfactory stria" RELATED [FMA:61971]
synonym: "stria olfactoria lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_olfactory_stria]
synonym: "tractus olfactorius lateralis" EXACT LATIN [ZFA:0000229]
xref: BM:Tel-LOT
xref: EV:0100175
xref: FMA:61971
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1559
xref: SCTID:369107001
xref: TAO:0000229
xref: ZFA:0000229
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png
is_a: UBERON:0002265  ! olfactory tract
property_value: external_definition "Telencephalic white matter which extends between the olfactory bulb and the ipsilateral dorsal telencephalon and carries secondary olfactory fibers. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain[ZFA:0000229]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001889
name: trunk of phrenic nerve
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "phrenic nerve trunk" EXACT []
synonym: "phrenic neural trunk" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001463
xref: FMA:6198
xref: MA:0001177
is_a: UBERON:0001147  ! trunk of peripheral nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001884 ! phrenic nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001890
name: forebrain
namespace: uberon
def: "The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon." [Wikipedia:Forebrain, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "prosencephalon" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010147
xref: BTO:0000478
xref: EFO:0000909
xref: EHDAA2:0000556
xref: EHDAA:3470
xref: EMAPA:16895
xref: FMA:61992
xref: MA:0000170
xref: MAT:0000105
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730
xref: MIAA:0000105
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1509
xref: SCTID:362291003
xref: TAO:0000109
xref: UMLS:C0085140
xref: VHOG:0000383
xref: XAO:0000011
xref: ZFA:0000109
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Fore-Brain
xref: ncithesaurus:Prosencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003080 ! anterior neural tube
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0006240 ! future forebrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from forebrain neural tube (TAO:0007041)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Most anterior of the three regions of the brain consisting of the telencephalon and diencephalon.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "prosencephalic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In craniate embryos, neural expression of Distal-less-related genes is exclusively in the forebrain (...). Because the major neural expression domain of amphioxus AmphiDll is in the anterior three-fourths of the cerebral vesicle, we suggest that this region of the neural tube is homologous to parts of the craniate forebrain. This conclusion is strongly supported by three-dimensional, computer-assisted reconstruction of the neural tube of amphioxus based on serial transmission electron microscopy. At the neuroanatomical level, a number of detailed homologies are indicated between the anterior three-fourths of the amphioxus cerebral vesicle and the diencephalic region of the craniate forebrain. If one assumes that the amphioxus condition fairly represents the nervous system of the proximate ancestor of the craniates, one can suggest that they evolved from a creature that had the beginnings of a forebrain.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001891
name: midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the tectum, cerebral peduncle, midbrain tegmentum and cerebral aqueduct[FMA]. The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally[ZFA]. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles)[GO]." [FMA:61993, GO:0030901, Wikipedia:Midbrain, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Editors note: developmental relationships need revised. AO notes: part of brainstem in ABA - we reject this in favor of ISBN10:0471888893 which has an implicit overlaps relationships
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mesencephalon" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midbrain]
xref: AAO:0010149
xref: ABA:MB
xref: BM:MB
xref: BTO:0000138
xref: EFO:0000919
xref: EHDAA2:0001162
xref: EHDAA:3694
xref: EMAPA:16974
xref: EV:0100242
xref: FMA:61993
xref: MA:0000207
xref: MAT:0000106
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659
xref: MIAA:0000106
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1667
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvsBUqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001104
xref: SCTID:279099009
xref: TAO:0000128
xref: UMLS:C0025462
xref: VHOG:0000069
xref: XAO:0000014
xref: ZFA:0000128
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Human_brain_inferior_view_description.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Human_brain_inferior_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_inferior_view_description.JPG
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009616 ! presumptive midbrain
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003849 ! mesencephalic neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001894
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002028
property_value: external_definition "Middle part of the brain composed of the optic tectum and penducular region.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mesencephalic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001892
name: rhombomere
namespace: uberon
def: "A segment of the developing hindbrain[ZFA]. In the vertebrate embryo, a rhombomere is a transiently divided segment of the developing neural tube, within the hindbrain region (a neuromere) in the area that will eventually become the rhombencephalon. The rhombomeres appear as a series of slightly constricted swellings in the neural tube, caudal to the cephalic flexure. In human embryonic development, the rhombomeres are present by day 29[WP]." [Wikipedia:Rhombomere, ZFIN:curator]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "future rhombencephalon" RELATED [MIAA:0000272]
synonym: "hindbrain segment" BROAD [ZFA:0001064]
synonym: "rhombomere" EXACT []
synonym: "rhombomeres" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000672]
synonym: "segment of hindbrain" BROAD [ZFA:0001064]
xref: EFO:0003617
xref: EMAPA:16148
xref: EMAPA:16478
xref: MAT:0000272
xref: MIAA:0000272
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000669
xref: TAO:0001064
xref: VHOG:0000672
xref: XAO:0004079
xref: ZFA:0001064
is_a: UBERON:0004731  ! neuromere
is_a: UBERON:0004733  ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0004731  ! neuromere
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: external_definition "A segment of the developing hindbrain. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Rhombomeric segmentation is found in all living vertebrates and is of fundamental importance to the development of the vertebrate head.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001893
name: telencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, basal ganglia, septum and fornix, as well as subcortical gray and white matter structures[FMA]." [FMA:62000, Wikipedia:Telencephalon]
comment: The telencephalon is the name for a large region within the brain that is attributed many functions. Many people refer to it as the cerebrum; however, it is technically referred to as the telencephalon. As a more technical definition, the telencephalon refers to the cerebral hemispheres and other, smaller structures within the brain, although the telencephalon is one of the larger divisions (in terms of number). It is the anterior-most embryological division of the brain that develops from the prosencephalon. The telencephalon is composed of the following sub-regions; Limbic system; Cerebral cortex or cortices of the cerebral hemispheres, Basal ganglia, Olfactory bulb. The telencephalon comprises what most people think of as the 'brain' It lies on top of the brainstem and is the largest and most well-developed of the five major divisions of the brain. The telencephalon is the newest structure in the phylogenetic sense, with mammals having the largest and most well-developed among all species. It emerges from the prosencephalon, the first of three vesicles that form from the embryonic neural tube (Christine Fennema-Notestine, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1115).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cerebrum" EXACT [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Cerebrum]
synonym: "endbrain" EXACT [Swanson:2004]
xref: AAO:0010479
xref: ABA:CH
xref: BM:Tel
xref: BTO:0000239
xref: EFO:0000912
xref: EHDAA2:0001982
xref: EMAPA:16652
xref: EMAPA:16910
xref: EV:0100165
xref: FMA:62000
xref: GAID:621
xref: MA:0000183
xref: MAT:0000421
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885
xref: MIAA:0000421
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1115
xref: SCTID:263353005
xref: TAO:0000079
xref: VHOG:0000283
xref: XAO:0000012
xref: ZFA:0000079
is_a: UBERON:0002780  ! regional part of forebrain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003850 ! telencephalon neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002037
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from presumptive telencephalon (TAO:0000571)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The anterior and dorsal forebrain neuromere, includes the olfactory bulb. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cerebral" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "telenencephalic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "From an evolutionary standpoint, the telencephalon is the most recent brain structure: the amphioxus does not have this structure as a morphological entity. Overt telencephalon is present in the hagfish and lamprey to receive numerous input fibers from various parts of the CNS, similar to gnathostomes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In mammals the cortex covers almost the whole of the cerebral hemispheres." xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In ray-finned fishes the inner surfaces of the lateral and ventral regions of the cerebrum bulge up into the ventricles." xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In the amniotes, the cerebrum becomes increasingly large and complex. In reptiles, the paleopallium is much larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum." xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In the most primitive living vertebrates, the hagfishes and lampreys, the cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb." xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "The cerebrum of birds has evolved along different lines to that of mammals, although they are similarly enlarged, by comparison with reptiles. However, this enlargement is largely due to the basal ganglia, with the other areas remaining relatively primitive in structure." xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "dolphins are the only species (other than humans) to have cerebra accounting for as much as 2 percent of their body weight." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001894
name: diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus[FMA]. The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). <a href='http://zfin.org/cgi-bin/ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-961014-576'>Kimmel et al, 1995.</a>" [FMA:62001, Wikipedia:Diencephalon, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Note that in ABA, this is part of the brain stem
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "between brain" EXACT []
synonym: "betweenbrain" RELATED [BTO:0000342]
synonym: "diencephalon" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Diencephalon]
synonym: "interbrain" EXACT [Swanson:2004]
synonym: "mature diencephalon" EXACT [FMA:62001]
xref: AAO:0010481
xref: ABA:IB
xref: BM:Die
xref: BTO:0000342
xref: EFO:0000911
xref: EHDAA2:0000385
xref: EHDAA:1969
xref: EHDAA:2645
xref: EHDAA:3472
xref: EMAPA:16641
xref: EMAPA:16896
xref: EV:0100194
xref: FMA:62001
xref: GAID:618
xref: MA:0000171
xref: MAT:0000420
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385
xref: MIAA:0000420
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1503
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwC-V0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:279328001
xref: TAO:0000101
xref: UMLS:C0012144
xref: VHOG:0000318
xref: XAO:0000013
xref: ZFA:0000101
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0002780  ! regional part of forebrain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003851 ! diencephalon neural crest
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0006222 ! future diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001891
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002028
property_value: external_definition "The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Unpaired part of the forebrain comprised of three major parts; the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "diencephalic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001895
name: metencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "Rostral segment of the hindbrain that has as its parts the pons (where present) and the cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Metencephalon]
comment: the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds[Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain]. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata and thus these are not distinguished in ZFA[ZFA].
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "epencephalon" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Epencephalon]
synonym: "epencephalon-2" RELATED [FMA:62003]
xref: BTO:0000673
xref: EHDAA2:0001149
xref: EHDAA:5498
xref: EMAPA:17071
xref: FMA:62003
xref: GAID:594
xref: MA:0000197
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_965
xref: UMLS:C1516904
xref: VHOG:0000741
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Epencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004733  ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010092 ! future metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: external_definition "The anterior of two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo. It gives rise to cerebellum and pons. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001896
name: medulla oblongata
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the medullary reticular formation, inferior olivary complex and cochlear nuclear complex, among other structures[FMA]. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate[GO]." [FMA:62004, GO:0021550, Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovary_oblongata]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bulb" BROAD []
synonym: "bulbus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62004, FMA:TA]
synonym: "medulla" BROAD [ABA:MY]
synonym: "medulla oblonzata" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medulla_oblongata]
synonym: "metepencephalon" RELATED [FMA:62004]
xref: AAO:0010486
xref: ABA:MY
xref: BTO:0000041
xref: EFO:0000924
xref: EHDAA2:0001088
xref: EHDAA:7588
xref: EMAPA:17550
xref: EV:0100275
xref: FMA:62004
xref: GAID:590
xref: MA:0000206
xref: MAT:0000111
xref: MAT:0000367
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.406
xref: MIAA:0000111
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_957
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCqnXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:279104005
xref: TAO:0000545
xref: UMLS:C0025148
xref: VHOG:0000181
xref: XAO:0003100
xref: ZFA:0000545
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg/200px-Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Medulla_Oblongata
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005290 ! myelencephalon
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000988
property_value: external_definition "Posterior portion of the hindbrain which controls respiration, heartbeat, digestion, and swallowing as well as some locomotor responses.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The posterior region of the brain that is continuous with the spinal cord. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-17, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Classical anatomical studies subdivided the vertebrate rhombencephalon into pons and medulla oblongata. (...) The medulla oblongata appears therefore as a tagma, that is, a group of segmental units (pseudorhombomeres, in this case) sharing some morphological and molecular characteristics, and in some aspects different from the segmental units present in adjoining brain regions, pons and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001897
name: thalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "A midline paired symmetrical structure within the brains of vertebrates, including humans. It is situated between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, both in terms of location and neurological connections. Its function includes relaying sensation, special sense and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, along with the regulation of consciousness, sleep and alertness. The thalamus surrounds the third ventricle. It is the main product of the embryonic diencephalon." [Wikipedia:Thalamus]
comment: AO notes: MA and ZFA think there is a distinct dorsal thalamus, but FMA says its an exact synonym. FMA has a distinct class for thalamic complex.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal thalamus" RELATED [FMA:62007]
synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [FMA:62007]
synonym: "thalami" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000657]
synonym: "thalamus dorsalis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001365, Wikipedia:Thalamus]
xref: AAO:0010483
xref: ABA:TH
xref: BTO:0001365
xref: EFO:0000910
xref: EMAPA:17540
xref: EV:0100195
xref: FMA:62007
xref: GAID:656
xref: MA:0000179
xref: MAT:0000109
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826
xref: MIAA:0000109
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_954
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwMPQ65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244433007
xref: TAO:0001215
xref: UMLS:C0039729
xref: VHOG:0000657
xref: ZFA:0001215
xref: galen:Thalamus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Brain_chrischan_thalamus.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Brain_chrischan_thalamus.jpg/200px-Brain_chrischan_thalamus.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0010225 ! thalamic complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010225 ! thalamic complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001898
property_value: external_definition "One of a pair of large oval nervous structures made of gray matter and forming most of the lateral walls of the third ventricle of the brain and part of the diencephalon. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the diencephalon consisting of a mass of connecting fibers which relay sensory information to the cerebral cortex.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "thalamic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the brain regions of tetrapods, the structures they contain, and their basic organizational features are the same as in fishes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001898
name: hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. [ZFA]. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).[Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Hypothalamus, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Taxon notes: all vertebrates contain a hypothalamus[WP].
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hypothalamus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypothalamus]
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT []
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010484
xref: ABA:HY
xref: BM:Die-Hy
xref: BTO:0000614
xref: EFO:0000107
xref: EHDAA2:0000802
xref: EHDAA:5446
xref: EMAPA:17536
xref: EV:0100225
xref: FMA:62008
xref: GAID:460
xref: MA:0000173
xref: MAT:0000112
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.482
xref: MIAA:0000112
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_734
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwEgr9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:264483005
xref: TAO:0000032
xref: UMLS:C0020663
xref: VHOG:0000179
xref: XAO:0004070
xref: ZFA:0000032
xref: galen:Hypothalamus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/LocationOfHypothalamus.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hypothalamus
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001897
property_value: external_definition "A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the diencephalon ventral to the thalamus consisting of connecting fibers and is a center for control of the autonomous nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "hypothalamic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "For instance, the vertebrate ventral diencephalon generates the hypothalamus which functions as a major endocrine center in cooperation with the hypophysis, the anterior part of the pituitary gland, located just ventral to the hypothalamus. In the amphioxus brain, the presence of a hypothalamus-like structure has been reported associated with the ventrally located Hatschek's pit, the hypothetical hypophysial homologue. It is thus conceivable that a hypothalamus-like structure originally involved in endocrine functions may have already been present before the establishment of vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001899
name: epithalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "The epithalamus is the small dorsomedial area of the thalamus including the habenular nuclei and associated fiber bundles, the pineal body, and the epithelial roof of the third ventricle[GO]. a dorsal posterior segment of the diencephalon (a segment in the middle of the brain also containing the hypothalamus and the thalamus) which includes the habenula, the stria medullaris and the pineal body. Its function is the connection between the limbic system to other parts of the brain[WP] Some functions of its components include the secretion of melatonin by the pineal gland. " [Wikipedia:Epithalamus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithalamus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epithalamus]
xref: AAO:0010482
xref: ABA:EPI
xref: BM:Die-Epi
xref: BTO:0000175
xref: EFO:0000918
xref: EHDAA2:0000448
xref: EHDAA:5433
xref: EMAPA:17532
xref: EV:0100220
xref: FMA:62009
xref: GAID:455
xref: MA:0000172
xref: MAT:0000422
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.200
xref: MIAA:0000422
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1710
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvneLQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:281487003
xref: TAO:0000509
xref: UMLS:C0152361
xref: VHOG:0000178
xref: ZFA:0000509
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Epithalamus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Epithalamus.png/200px-Epithalamus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Epithalamus
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001903
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002733
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002736
property_value: external_definition "Dorsal segment of the diencephalon containing the habenular ganglia, a choroid plexus, and the pineal organ.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The roof of the diencephalon lying above the thalamus. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-11, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epithalamic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The epithalamus has been historically conceived as a distinct neuroanatomical moiety within the diencephalon of all vertebrates. (...) The evolutionary origins of epithalamic structures are uncertain but asymmetry in this region is likely to have existed at the origin of the vertebrate, perhaps even the chordate, lineage.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001900
name: subthalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "Anterior part of the diencephalon that lies between the thalamus, hypothalamus, and tegmentum of the mesencephalon, including subthalamic nucleus, zona incerta, the fields of Forel, and the nucleus of ansa lenticularis[GO]." [GO:0021539, Wikipedia:Subthalamus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "prethalamus" EXACT DEVELOPMENTAL []
synonym: "subthalamic region" EXACT []
synonym: "thalamus ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_708]
synonym: "ventral thalamus" EXACT []
xref: BM:Die-VTh
xref: EHDAA2:0004470
xref: EV:0100223
xref: FMA:62010
xref: GAID:653
xref: MA:0000181
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.800
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_708
xref: SCTID:279332007
xref: TAO:0000458
xref: UMLS:C0152349
xref: ZFA:0000458
xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0002730  ! regional part of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
property_value: has_relational_adjective "subthalamic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001901
name: epithelium of trachea
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003227
def: "An epithelium that is part of a trachea." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "epithelial tissue of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "tracheal epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "windpipe epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001389
xref: EHDAA2:0002069
xref: EHDAA:5007
xref: EMAPA:16855
xref: EMAPA:18409
xref: FMA:62015
xref: MA:0001862
xref: UMLS:C1179002
xref: VHOG:0001045
xref: ncithesaurus:Tracheal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004815  ! lower respiratory tract epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003258 ! endoderm of foregut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001902
name: epithelium of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelial tissue of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mid intestine epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005127]
synonym: "small bowel epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestinal epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine epithelium" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001258
xref: FMA:62017
xref: MA:0001553
xref: SCTID:45480009
xref: TAO:0005127
xref: ZFA:0005127
is_a: UBERON:0001277  ! intestinal epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
property_value: external_definition "Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the mid intestine.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001903
name: thalamic reticular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The thalamic reticular nucleus is part of the ventral thalamus that forms a capsule around the thalamus laterally. It is separated from the thalamus by the external medullary lamina. Reticular cells are GABAergic, and have discoid dendritic arbors in the plane of the nucleus. Thalamic Reticular Nucleus is variously abbreviated TRN, RTN, NRT, and RT. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thalamic_reticular_nucleus]
comment: AO notes: only MA considers this part of a subthalamus; MA also considers a subthalamus part of a thalamus
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus reticularis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62026, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Thalamic_reticular_nucleus]
synonym: "reticular nuclear group" EXACT []
synonym: "reticular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "reticular nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "reticular nucleus-2" EXACT []
synonym: "reticular thalamic nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:RT
xref: BM:Die-VTh-R
xref: EV:0100214
xref: FMA:62026
xref: MA:0000876
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1721
xref: SCTID:279164008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Constudthal.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Constudthal.gif/200px-Constudthal.gif
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001899
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002733
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002736

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001904
name: habenula
namespace: uberon
def: "Habenula is a segment of the epithalamus that has as its parts the lateral and medial habenular nuclei and the habenular commissure. // The habenula relays impulses from limbic areas of the telencephalon to an unpaired midbrain nucleus, the interpeduncular nucleus." [Wikipedia:Habenula, ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO - add separate term for nucleus (e.g. BTO:0003685 habenular nucleus)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "habenulae" RELATED []
synonym: "habenular nuclei" RELATED []
synonym: "habenular nucleus" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0003684
xref: EV:0100222
xref: FMA:62032
xref: GAID:619
xref: MA:0000830
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.200.360
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1611
xref: SCTID:362389008
xref: TAO:0000213
xref: ZFA:0000213
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus
property_value: external_definition "The habenula relays impulses from limbic areas of the telencephalon to an unpaired midbrain nucleus,  the interpeduncular nucleus.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "habenular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001905
name: pineal body
namespace: uberon
def: "The pineal body is an unpaired glandular organ subdivision shaped somewhat like a pine cone. It is attached on the midline near the posterior and habenular commissures of the epithalamus." [Wikipedia:Pineal_gland]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "corpus pineale" EXACT []
synonym: "epiphysis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0000019]
synonym: "epiphysis cerebri" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epiphysis_cerebri]
synonym: "frontal organ" RELATED [VHOG:0000051]
synonym: "glandula pinealis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62033, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pineal" RELATED [VHOG:0000051]
synonym: "pineal gland" EXACT [FMA:62033]
synonym: "pineal organ" EXACT [ZFA:0000019]
synonym: "stirnorgan" RELATED [VHOG:0000051]
xref: AAO:0010549
xref: ABA:PIN
xref: BM:P
xref: BTO:0001067
xref: EFO:0000865
xref: EHDAA2:0001466
xref: EHDAA:7523
xref: EMAPA:18778
xref: EV:0100131
xref: EV:0100221
xref: FMA:62033
xref: GAID:453
xref: MA:0000175
xref: MAT:0000448
xref: MESH:A06.407.635
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1184
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010009
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2FMGpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181126002
xref: TAO:0000019
xref: UMLS:C0031939
xref: VHOG:0000051
xref: XAO:0000160
xref: ZFA:0000019
xref: galen:PinealGland
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg/200px-Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Pineal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002757  ! regional part of epithalamus
is_a: UBERON:0003296  ! gland of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0010134  ! secretory circumventricular organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001941
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001942
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of pineal complex (TAO:0001359)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A circumscribed swelling, includes the pineal primordium that appears late in the segmentation period in the dorsal midline of the diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which is a medial outgrowth of the thalamus on the dorsal surface of the brain. This structure is light sensitive and secretes melatonin when exposed to prolonged darkness.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epiphyseal" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epiphysial" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The pineal gland has evolved from a part of the epiphyseal complex of anamniotes, which includes a median light-receptive pineal eye, parietal eye, or both.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001906
name: subthalamic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The subthalamic nucleus is the lens-shaped nucleus located in the ventral part of the subthalamus on the inner aspect of the internal capsule that is concerned with the integration of somatic motor function[GO]." [Wikipedia:Subthalamic_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Luys' body" RELATED [BTO:0002252]
synonym: "body of forel" EXACT []
synonym: "body of luys" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of corpus luysii" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of luys" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus subthalamicus" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002252, Wikipedia:Subthalamic_nucleus]
synonym: "subthalamic nucleus (of luys)" EXACT []
xref: ABA:STN
xref: BM:Die-Sb
xref: BTO:0002252
xref: EFO:0001392
xref: EV:0100224
xref: FMA:62035
xref: GAID:655
xref: MA:0000877
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.800.800
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010002
xref: UMLS:C0152355
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png/200px-Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Subthalamic_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001907
name: zona incerta
namespace: uberon
def: "The zona incerta is a horizontally elongated region of gray matter cells in the subthalamus below the thalamus. Its connections project extensively over the brain from the cerebral cortex down into the spinal cord. Its function is unknown though several have been proposed related to blimbicbmotor integrationb such as controlling visceral activity and pain; gating sensory input and synchronizing cortical and subcortical brain rhythms. Its dysfunction may play a role in central pain syndrome. It is also been identified as a promising deep brain stimulation therapy target for treating Parkinsons Disease. Its existence was first described by Auguste Forel in 1877 as a bregion of which nothing certain can be saidb. A hundred and thirty years later in 2007, Nadia Urbain and Martin DeschC*nes of UniversitC) Laval noted that the bzona incerta is among the least studied regions of the brain; its name does not even appear in the index of many textbooks. b [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zona_incerta]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: ABA:ZI
xref: BM:Die-VTh-ZI
xref: BTO:0003146
xref: FMA:62038
xref: MA:0000878
xref: SCTID:369186007
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001908
name: optic tract
namespace: uberon
def: "Diencephalic white matter (tract) which is comprised of retinal ganglion cell axons after which they have passed through the optic chiasm[ZFA]. Predominantly white matter structure found in diencephalon consisting of fibers originating in the retina.  The optic tract is considered to extend from the point of the optic chiasm and terminates largely, although not exclusively, in the lateral geniculate complex.  Other fibers end in the superior colliculus and other structures in the diencephalon, midbrain and brainstem (MM)[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy, Wikipedia:Optic_tract, ZFIN:curator]
comment: editor note: relationships need checking by expert. NIF and ZFA both state part of diencepahalon; MA says part of optic nerve II. in uberon, CNS and PNS are spatially disjoint, and axon tracts are part of the CNS so we make the relationship to CNII 'continuous_with'
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "optic lemniscus" EXACT []
synonym: "tractus opticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_tract]
synonym: "visual pathway" RELATED [GAID:735]
xref: BM:Tel-OT
xref: FMA:62046
xref: GAID:735
xref: MA:0001099
xref: MESH:A08.612.220.860
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1684
xref: SCTID:280952003
xref: TAO:0000252
xref: UMLS:C0152405
xref: VHOG:0001164
xref: XAO:0004101
xref: ZFA:0000252
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray773.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gray773.png/200px-Gray773.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Tract
is_a: UBERON:0011591  ! tract of diencephalon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000959 ! optic chiasma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002104 ! visual system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001909
name: habenular commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "The habenular commissure, is a brain commissure (a band of nerve fibers) situated in front of the pineal gland that connects the habenular nucleus on one side of the diencephalon with that on the other side. The habernular commissure is part of the trigonum habenulC& (a small depressed triangular area situated in front of the superior colliculus and on the lateral aspect of the posterior part of the tC&nia thalami). The trigonum habenulC& also contains groups of nerve cells termed the ganglion habenulC&. Fibers enter the trigonum habenulC& from the stalk of the pineal gland, and the habenular commissure. Most of the trigonum habenulC&'s fibers are, however, directed downward and form a bundle, the fasciculus retroflexus of Meynert, which passes medial to the red nucleus, and, after decussating with the corresponding fasciculus of the opposite side, ends in the interpeduncular ganglion. Nerve cell fibers enter the trigonum habenulC& from the stalk of the pineal body, and the habernular commissure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Habenular_commissure]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "commissura habenularum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Habenular_commissure, ZFA:0000359]
synonym: "commissure habenularum" EXACT [MP:0008231]
xref: BM:Die-Epi-HC
xref: FMA:62048
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1609
xref: SCTID:279335009
xref: TAO:0000359
xref: ZFA:0000359
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png
is_a: UBERON:0005341  ! ventral commissure
is_a: UBERON:0011590  ! commissure of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001910
name: medial forebrain bundle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Medial forebrain bundle (MFB), is a complex bundle of axons coming from the basal olfactory regions, the periamygdaloid region, and the septal nuclei, and passing to the lateral hypothalamus, with some carrying on into the tegmentum. It contains both ascending and descending fibers. It also represents a part of the mesolimbic pathway, carrying information between the ventral tegmentum and the nucleus accumbens. It is commonly accepted that the MFB is a part of the reward system, involved in the integration of reward and pleasure. Electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle is believed to cause sensations of pleasure. This hypothesis is based upon intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) studies. Animals will work for MFB ICSS, and humans report that MFB ICSS is intensely pleasurable. This is most likely because the medial forebrain bundle carries information from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (nAcc or Acb). The nAcc is a recognized reward center, and activation of the pathway from the VTA to the nAcc is believed to be rewarding, which is why it is sometimes referred to as the hedonic highway. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_forebrain_bundle]
comment: AO notes: a pathway in NCIT
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "fasciculus medialis telencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_forebrain_bundle]
synonym: "medial forebrain fasciculus" EXACT []
synonym: "telencephalic medial fasciculus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62064
xref: GAID:736
xref: MESH:A08.612.492
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_908
xref: TAO:0005111
xref: UMLS:C0025055
xref: ZFA:0005111
xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Forebrain_Bundle
is_a: UBERON:0005838  ! fasciculus of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001915
name: endothelium of capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a capillary [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "blood capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary endothelium" EXACT []
synonym: "capillary vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004954
xref: FMA:62114
xref: MA:0000711
xref: UMLS:C0006904
xref: ncithesaurus:Capillary_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001982 ! capillary
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001982 ! capillary

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001916
name: endothelium of arteriole
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of an arteriole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "arteriole endothelium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62115
xref: MA:0000705
xref: UMLS:C1179024
xref: ncithesaurus:Arteriole_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0001917  ! endothelium of artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001917
name: endothelium of artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "arterial endothelium" EXACT []
synonym: "artery endothelium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011013
xref: BTO:0004757
xref: FMA:62116
xref: MA:0000707
xref: UMLS:C1179025
xref: VHOG:0001215
xref: XAO:0000357
xref: ncithesaurus:Artery_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0003915  ! endothelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004700  ! arterial system endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery
property_value: external_definition "The endothelium is the thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrates and a very few invertebrates such as squids have evolved a secondary epithelium, the endothelium, that lines their blood vessels.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001918
name: endothelium of venule
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a venule [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "venule endothelium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62117
xref: MA:0000716
xref: UMLS:C1179026
xref: ncithesaurus:Venule_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004701  ! venous system endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001979 ! venule
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001979 ! venule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001919
name: endothelium of vein
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a vein [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "vein endothelium" EXACT []
synonym: "veinous endothelium" RELATED [VHOG:0001216]
synonym: "venous endothelium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011110
xref: BTO:0004756
xref: FMA:62118
xref: MA:0000712
xref: UMLS:C1179027
xref: VHOG:0001216
xref: XAO:0000358
xref: ncithesaurus:Vein_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004701  ! venous system endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein
property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrates and a very few invertebrates such as squids have evolved a secondary epithelium, the endothelium, that lines their blood vessels.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001920
name: paraventricular nucleus of thalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "The nucleus paraventricularis anterior thalami and nuclues paraventricularis posterior thalami, two of the nuclei mediani thalami; they are situated on the dorsomedial wall of the thalamus, juxtaposed to the third ventricle." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nuclei paraventriculares thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62152, FMA:TA]
synonym: "paraventricular gray" EXACT []
synonym: "paraventricular nuclei" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "paraventricular nuclei of thalamus" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "paraventricular thalamic nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:PVT
xref: BM:Die-Th-Pa
xref: BTO:0002460
xref: FMA:62152
xref: MA:0000866
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_764
xref: SCTID:369163000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ef/PVNss.jpg/200px-PVNss.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002705 ! midline nuclear group
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002992

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001921
name: reuniens nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "medioventral nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus reuniens" EXACT []
synonym: "reuniens thalamic nucleus" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002459
xref: FMA:62153
xref: MA:0000865
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_770
xref: SCTID:369164006
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001922
name: parafascicular nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "nuclei parafasciculares thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952]
synonym: "nucleus parafascicularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952]
synonym: "nucleus parafascicularis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952]
synonym: "nucleus parafascicularis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952]
synonym: "parafascicular nucleus (vogt)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952]
synonym: "parafascicular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952]
synonym: "parafascicular thalamic nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:PF
xref: BM:Die-Th-Pf
xref: EV:0100202
xref: FMA:62166
xref: MA:0000874
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952
xref: SCTID:279150008
xref: UMLS:C0228352
xref: ncithesaurus:Parafascicular_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002733 ! intralaminar nuclear group
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001923
name: central medial nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "a small cell group in the interthalamic adhesion of the thalamus that occupy the midline region of the internal medullary lamina, between the left and right paracentral nuclei." [MP:0008929]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "central medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "central medial nucleus thalamus (rioch 1928)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971]
synonym: "central medial thalamic nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus centralis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971]
synonym: "nucleus centralis medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971]
xref: ABA:CM
xref: BM:Die-CeM
xref: BTO:0003753
xref: FMA:62171
xref: MA:0000872
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971
xref: SCTID:279161000
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001924
name: paracentral nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, located medial to the central lateral nucleus." [MP:0008928]
comment: todo - relationships
synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis superior (kusama)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981]
synonym: "nucleus paracentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981]
synonym: "nucleus paracentral thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981]
synonym: "nucleus paracentralis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62172, FMA:TA]
synonym: "paracentral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "paracentral nucleus thalamus (gurdjian 1927)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981]
synonym: "paracentral thalamic nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:PCN
xref: BM:Die-Th-Pc
xref: EV:0100204
xref: FMA:62172
xref: MA:0000873
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981
xref: SCTID:279152000
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002733 ! intralaminar nuclear group
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001925
name: ventral lateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_lateral_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "nuclei ventrales laterales thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002463]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis thalami lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237]
synonym: "nucleus ventrolateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237]
synonym: "ventral lateral complex of thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral lateral nuclei of thalamus" RELATED [BTO:0002463]
synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237]
synonym: "ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "ventrolateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT []
xref: BM:Die-Th-VL
xref: BTO:0002463
xref: FMA:62186
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237
xref: SCTID:279146001
xref: TAO:0000306
xref: UMLS:C0228339
xref: ZFA:0000306
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ventrolateral_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001926
name: lateral geniculate body
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary processor of visual information received from the retina[GO]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_geniculate_body]
comment: Note that BTO has distinct classes for body and nucleus, but other sources treat as identical
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corpus geniculatum externum" RELATED [BTO:0004367]
synonym: "corpus geniculatum laterales" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1662]
synonym: "external geniculate body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_geniculate_nucleus]
synonym: "lateral geniculate complex" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral geniculate nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus geniculatus lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1662]
xref: BTO:0004366
xref: BTO:0004367
xref: EFO:0001988
xref: EV:0100219
xref: FMA:62209
xref: MA:0000869
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1662
xref: SCTID:362377006
xref: UMLS:C0086526
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray719.png/200px-Gray719.png
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Geniculate_Body
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002704 ! metathalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001927
name: medial geniculate body
namespace: uberon
def: "The Medial Geniculate Nucleus (MGN) or Medial Geniculate Body (MGB) is part of the auditory thalamus and represents the thalamic relay between the inferior colliculus (IC) and the auditory cortex (AC). It is made up of a number of sub-nuclei that are distinguished by their neuronal morphology and density, by their afferent and efferent connections, and by the coding properties of their neurons. It is thought that the MGB influences the direction and maintenance of attention. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_geniculate_body]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "MGB" RELATED [BTO:0002674]
synonym: "corpus geniculatum mediale" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1670]
synonym: "internal geniculate body" RELATED [ncithesaurus:Internal_Geniculate_Body]
synonym: "medial geniculate complex" EXACT []
synonym: "medial geniculate nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nuclei corporis geniculati medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62211, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:MG
xref: BM:Die-Th-MG
xref: BTO:0002674
xref: EFO:0001968
xref: EV:0100218
xref: FMA:62211
xref: MA:0000870
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1670
xref: SCTID:362378001
xref: UMLS:C0086596
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Geniculate_Body
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002704 ! metathalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002479

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001928
name: preoptic area
namespace: uberon
def: "Area of the forebrain anterior to the posterior tuberculum and the hypothalamus and ventral to the ventral thalamus[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "area hypothalamica rostralis" RELATED [BTO:0001796]
synonym: "area praeoptica" RELATED []
synonym: "area preoptica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area]
synonym: "preoptic hypothalamic area" RELATED [BTO:0001796]
synonym: "preoptic hypothalamic region" RELATED [BTO:0001796]
synonym: "preoptic nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "preoptic region" RELATED []
synonym: "preoptic region of hypothalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "regio hypothalamica anterior" RELATED [BTO:0001796]
xref: BM:Die-Hy-POA
xref: BTO:0001796
xref: EFO:0002523
xref: FMA:62313
xref: GAID:644
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.450
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1706
xref: SCTID:362382004
xref: TAO:0000470
xref: ZFA:0000470
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Area of the forebrain anterior to the posterior tuberculum and the hypothalamus and ventral to the ventral thalamus. See Figure 7, Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001930
name: paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a neuronal nucleus in the hypothalamus. It contains multiple subpopulations of neurons that are activated by a variety of stressful and/or physiological changes. Many PVH neurons project directly to the posterior pituitary where they release oxytocin or vasopressin into the general circulation. Other PVN neurons control various anterior pituitary functions, while still others directly regulate appetite and autonomic functions in the brainstem and spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Paraventricular_nucleus_of_hypothalamus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "filiform nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nuclei paraventricularis hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paraventricular_nucleus_of_hypothalamus]
synonym: "nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002476]
synonym: "paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "paraventricular nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:PVH
xref: BM:Die-Hy-PAH
xref: BTO:0002476
xref: EFO:0002469
xref: EV:0100229
xref: FMA:62320
xref: GAID:643
xref: MA:0000848
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.400
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1407
xref: SCTID:369131006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/PVNss.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ef/PVNss.jpg/200px-PVNss.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002271 ! periventricular zone of hypothalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001929
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001932

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001931
name: lateral preoptic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral preoptic nucleus is lateral to the medial preoptic nucleus. It also mediates non-REM sleep onset.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area#Lateral_preoptic_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lateral preoptic area" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral preoptic hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:LPO
xref: BM:Die-Hy-LPO
xref: FMA:62326
xref: MA:0000835
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1722
xref: SCTID:369129002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002273 ! lateral zone of hypothalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001932
name: arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "The arcuate nucleus (or infundibular nucleus) is an aggregation of neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus, adjacent to the third ventricle and the median eminence. The arcuate nucleus includes several important populations of neurons, including: Neuroendocrine neurons, Centrally-projecting neurons and Others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Arcuate_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arcuate hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "arcuate nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "arcuate nucleus-2" EXACT []
synonym: "arcuate periventricular nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "infundibular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "infundibular nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "infundibular periventricular nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus arcuatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62329, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus arcuatus hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002473, Wikipedia:Arcuate_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus infundibularis" RELATED [BTO:0002473]
synonym: "nucleus semilunaris" RELATED [BTO:0002473]
xref: ABA:ARH
xref: BM:HAr
xref: BTO:0002473
xref: EV:0100230
xref: FMA:62329
xref: GAID:647
xref: MA:0000847
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.352.081
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1638
xref: UMLS:C0003741
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Arcuate_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002271 ! periventricular zone of hypothalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001929
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001930

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001933
name: retrochiasmatic area
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "retrochiasmatic region" EXACT []
xref: ABA:RCH
xref: FMA:62330
xref: MA:0000841
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1569
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001934
name: dorsomedial nucleus of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. It is involved in feeding, drinking, and body weight regulation. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsomedial_hypothalamic_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus of dorsal hypothalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus of intermediate hypothalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalamicae intermediae" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002474, Wikipedia:Dorsomedial_hypothalamic_nucleus]
xref: ABA:DMH
xref: BM:Die-Hy-DMH
xref: BTO:0002474
xref: EV:0100232
xref: FMA:62331
xref: GAID:648
xref: MA:0000838
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.352.270
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1558
xref: SCTID:369134003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002951  ! regional part of intermediate hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002555 ! intermediate hypothalamic region
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001935
name: ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventromedial nucleus (sometimes referred to as the ventromedial hypothalamus) is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventromedial_hypothalamic_nucleus]
comment: part of tuberal area in MA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002472]
synonym: "ventrolateral hypothalamic nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002472]
synonym: "ventrolateral nucleus of hypothalamus" RELATED [BTO:0002472]
synonym: "ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus." RELATED [BTO:0002472]
xref: ABA:VMH
xref: BM:VMH
xref: BTO:0002472
xref: EV:0100233
xref: FMA:62332
xref: GAID:650
xref: MA:0000845
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.352.953
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1572
xref: SCTID:369124007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002951  ! regional part of intermediate hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002555 ! intermediate hypothalamic region
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001936
name: tuberomammillary nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The tuberomammillary nucleus is a subnucleus of the posterior third of the hypothalamus. It consists of, largely, histaminergic and is involved with the control of arousal, sleep and circadian rhythm. Axons of the tuberomammillary nucleus project primarily to the cerebral cortex, thalamus, basal ganglia, basal forebrain, and hypothalamus. The projections to the cerebral cortex directly increase cortical activation and arousal, and projections to acetylcholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and dorsal pons do so indirectly, by increasing the release of acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tuberomammillary_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "TM" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271]
synonym: "caudal magnocellular nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271]
synonym: "mammilloinfundibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62335]
synonym: "mammiloinfundibular nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271]
synonym: "tuberomamillary nucleus" RELATED DUBIOUS [EV:0100237]
synonym: "tuberomammillary hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271]
synonym: "tuberomammillary nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271]
xref: ABA:TM
xref: EV:0100237
xref: FMA:62335
xref: MA:0000853
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271
xref: SCTID:369122006
is_a: UBERON:0002785  ! regional part of lateral hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0002789  ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001938
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001939
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001940

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001937
name: lateral hypothalamic nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: EV:0100234
xref: FMA:62337
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1199
xref: SCTID:360452004
xref: TAO:0000227
xref: ZFA:0000227
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002785  ! regional part of lateral hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001938
name: lateral mammillary nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "lateral mammillary hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral nucleus of mammillary body" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus mammillaris lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62341, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:LM
xref: EV:0100239
xref: FMA:62341
xref: MA:0000850
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1460
xref: SCTID:369143007
is_a: UBERON:0002789  ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001936
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001939
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001940

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001939
name: medial mammillary nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "internal mammillary nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "medial nucleus of mammillary body" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus mammillaris medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62342, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:MM
xref: EV:0100238
xref: FMA:62342
xref: MA:0000851
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1299
xref: SCTID:369141009
is_a: UBERON:0002789  ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001936
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001938
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001940

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001940
name: supramammillary nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: ABA:SUM
xref: FMA:62347
xref: MA:0000852
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1479
xref: SCTID:369144001
is_a: UBERON:0002789  ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001936
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001938
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001939

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001941
name: lateral habenular nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "lateral habenula" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus habenulae lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438]
synonym: "nucleus habenularis lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438]
synonym: "nucleus habenularis lateralis epithalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438]
xref: ABA:LH
xref: BM:Die-Epi-Hl
xref: BTO:0002699
xref: FMA:62372
xref: MA:0000831
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438
xref: SCTID:361538005
is_a: UBERON:0002757  ! regional part of epithalamus
is_a: UBERON:0006569  ! diencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001905
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001942

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001942
name: medial habenular nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "medial habenula" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus habenulae medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431]
synonym: "nucleus habenularis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431]
synonym: "nucleus habenularis medialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431]
synonym: "nucleus habenularis medialis epithalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431]
xref: ABA:MH
xref: BM:Die-Epi-HM
xref: BTO:0003686
xref: FMA:62373
xref: MA:0000832
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431
is_a: UBERON:0002757  ! regional part of epithalamus
is_a: UBERON:0006569  ! diencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001905
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001941

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001943
name: midbrain tegmentum
namespace: uberon
def: "Ventral part of the midbrain, separated from the hindbrain by the isthmus[ISBN10:0471888893]. Subdivision of the midbrain lying anterior to the tectum and posterior to the substantia nigra and cerebral peduncle[FMA] The part of the midbrain extending from the substantia nigra to the cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section of the midbrain. It forms the floor of the midbrain that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct[WP]." [FMA:FMA, ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Midbrain_tegmentum]
comment: 'tegmentum' is used generically for the ventral part of the brainstem (ISBN10:0471888893). We use the label 'midbrain tegmentum' to denote the midbrain structure. In NIFSTD tegmentum is a composite structure and there is a separate class for midbrain tegmentum and pontine tegmentum
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mesencephalic tegmentum" RELATED [VHOG:0001367]
synonym: "tegmentum" BROAD [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "tegmentum mesencephali" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Midbrain_tegmentum]
synonym: "tegmentum of midbrain" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0003388
xref: EFO:0000921
xref: EHDAA2:0004475
xref: EMAPA:18215
xref: FMA:62393
xref: MA:0000212
xref: MAT:0000452
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1200
xref: SCTID:362392007
xref: TAO:0000160
xref: VHOG:0001367
xref: ZFA:0000160
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Gray712.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gray712.png/200px-Gray712.png
is_a: UBERON:0002950  ! regional part of midbrain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010285 ! midbrain basal plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem
property_value: homology_notes "Together, our results reveal a shared basic organization in the tegmental domains of the diencephalon and midbrain of developing lamprey, indicating early appearance of the domain in vertebrate phylogeny.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001944
name: pretectal region
namespace: uberon
def: "Region between dorsal thalamus and optic tectum[pub]. It receives binocular sensory input from retinal ganglion cells of the eyes, and is the region responsible for maintaining the pupillary light reflex. [WP,unvetted]." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Pretectum]
comment: part of diencephalon in ZFA - modify to adjacent here, supported by pub
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "area pretectalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62402, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nuclei pretectales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62402, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pretectal area" EXACT []
synonym: "pretectal nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "pretectum" EXACT []
xref: ABA:PRT
xref: BM:MB-Tec-PT
xref: FMA:62402
xref: MA:0001062
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_703
xref: SCTID:416333003
xref: TAO:0000418
xref: ZFA:0000418
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004703 ! dorsal thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001945
name: superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of the midbrain tectum consisting of paired bodies that sit caudal to the thalamus and surround the pineal gland in the mesencephalon of vertebrate brains. It comprises the rostral aspect of the midbrain, posterior to the periaqueductal gray and adjacent superior the inferior colliculus. The inferior and superior colliculi are known collectively as the corpora quadrigemina (Latin, quadruplet bodies). It consists of several identified cellular layers and also comprises the brachium of the superior colliculus and commissure of superior colliculus [Wikipedia.org and Neuronames (MM)]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1040, Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus]
comment: The term SC is used when discussing mammals, and OT for other vertebrates[WP]. The tectum is a layered structure, with a number of layers that vary by species. The superficial layers are sensory-related, and receive input from the eyes as well as other sensory systems.[1] The optic tectum is one of the fundamental components of the vertebrate brain, existing across the full range of species from hagfish to human.[4] (See the brain article for background.) Some aspects of the structure are very consistent, including a structure composed of a number of layers, with a dense input from the optic nerve to the superficial layers and another strong input conveying somatosensory input to deeper layers. Other aspects are highly variable, such as the total number of layers (from 3 in the African lungfish to 15 in the goldfish[5]), and the number of different types of cells (from 2 in the lungfish to 27 in the house sparrow[5]). In hagfish, lamprey, and shark it is a relatively small structure, but in teleost fish it is greatly expanded, in some cases becoming the largest structure in the brain. (See the adjoining drawing of a codfish brain.) In amphibians, reptiles, and especially birds it is also a very significant component, but in mammals it is dwarfed by the massive expansion of the cerebral cortex.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior colliculus" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT []
synonym: "corpora bigemina" RELATED []
synonym: "cranial colliculus" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal midbrain" RELATED []
synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED []
synonym: "optic tectum" EXACT SENSU [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus, ZFA:0000445]
synonym: "tectal lobe" RELATED []
synonym: "tectum" RELATED []
synonym: "tectum opticum" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010609
xref: BM:MB-Tec-SC
xref: BTO:0000965
xref: EFO:0002474
xref: EV:0100245
xref: FMA:62403
xref: GAID:576
xref: MA:0001068
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.237.816
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1040
xref: TAO:0000445
xref: XAO:0003226
xref: ZFA:0000445
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png
is_a: UBERON:0002966  ! regional part of midbrain tectum
is_a: UBERON:0006794  ! visual processing part of nervous system
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002259 ! corpora quadrigemina
property_value: external_definition "The brain structure where the two separate inputs from the two eyes are combined into a single, integrated map.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The roof of the midbrain, morphologically visible by the end of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001946
name: inferior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior colliculi together with the superior colliculi form the eminences of the corpora quadrigemina, and also part of the tectal region of the midbrain. The inferior colliculus lies caudal to its counterpart - the superior colliculus - above the trochlear nerve, and at the base of the projection of the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) and the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). The inferior colliculus is the principal midbrain nucleus of the auditory pathway and receives input from several more peripheral brainstem nuclei in the auditory pathway, as well as inputs from the auditory cortex. The inferior colliculus has three subnuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_colliculus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "caudal colliculus" EXACT []
synonym: "colliculus inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_colliculus]
synonym: "inferior colliculi" EXACT PLURAL [EV:0100246]
synonym: "posterior colliculus" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT []
xref: ABA:IC
xref: EFO:0002465
xref: EV:0100246
xref: FMA:62404
xref: GAID:575
xref: MA:0001067
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.237.364
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_806
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray711.png
is_a: UBERON:0002966  ! regional part of midbrain tectum
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002259 ! corpora quadrigemina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001947
name: red nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The red nucleus is a structure in the rostral midbrain involved in motor coordination. It comprises a caudal magnocellular and a rostral parvocellular part. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Red_nucleus]
comment: Function notes: in animals without a significant corticospinal tract, gait is mainly controlled by the red nucleus.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus ruber" EXACT LATIN [TAO:0000552, Wikipedia:Red_nucleus]
xref: ABA:RN
xref: BM:MB-RN
xref: EHDAA2:0004706
xref: EV:0100248
xref: FMA:62407
xref: GAID:586
xref: MA:0001063
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.822.642
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1478
xref: SCTID:279287006
xref: TAO:0000552
xref: ZFA:0000552
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001948
name: regional part of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "spinal cord part" RELATED []
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1496
xref: SCTID:244437008
xref: UMLS:C1268166
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Part
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001949
name: gingival epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A stratified squamous epithelium consisting of a basal layer; it is keratinized or parakeratinized[BTO]." [BTO:0004998]
comment: In humans: 15% orthokeratinized, 75% parakeratinized, 10% non-keratinized; diurnal; decreased keratinization with age. Note that in FMA this is classified as keratinized squamous - this perhaps refers to the epithelium of the attached or free gingiva
synonym: "epithelial tissue of gingiva" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of gingiva" EXACT []
synonym: "gingiva epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gingiva epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004998
xref: FMA:62423
xref: MA:0001576
xref: UMLS:C1179154
xref: ncithesaurus:Gingival_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0002424  ! oral epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006915  ! stratified squamous epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001951
name: epithelium of nasopharynx
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003237
def: "An epithelium that is part of a nasopharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "epithelial tissue of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasopharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasopharynx epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "rhinopharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhinopharynx epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004480
xref: EHDAA2:0001241
xref: EHDAA:7090
xref: EMAPA:17672
xref: FMA:62452
xref: MA:0001865
xref: UMLS:C1179157
xref: VHOG:0001038
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasopharynx_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003351  ! pharyngeal epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004814  ! upper respiratory tract epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001952
name: epithelium of oropharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a oropharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Histology/AO notes: Composition varies with species and time. This is classified as nonkeratinizing stratified squamous in FMA, unilaminar in EHDAA2; the majority of the pharyngeal epithelium is unilaminar in zebrafish
synonym: "oropharyngeal epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "oropharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oropharynx epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001605]
xref: EHDAA2:0004083
xref: FMA:62453
xref: MA:0001605
xref: UMLS:C1179158
xref: ncithesaurus:Oropharynx_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003351  ! pharyngeal epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004808  ! gastrointestinal system epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001955
name: epithelium of respiratory bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of respiratory bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory bronchiole epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory bronchiole epithelium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62498
xref: MA:0001773
xref: UMLS:C1179179
xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_Bronchiole_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0002051  ! epithelium of bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001956
name: cartilage of bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "the hyaline cartilaginous structures that support the bronchi, present as irregular rings in the larger bronchi (and not as regular as in the trachea), and as small plates and islands in the smaller bronchi; as the branching continues through the bronchial tree, the amount of hyaline cartilage in the walls decreases until it is absent in the smallest bronchioles[MP]." [MP:0010988]
synonym: "bronchi cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchial cartilage ring" EXACT [MP:0010988]
synonym: "bronchial trunk cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "cartilage of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilagines bronchiales" EXACT PLURAL []
xref: FMA:62649
xref: MA:0001835
xref: SCTID:278980009
xref: UMLS:C0225604
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001994  ! hyaline cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003592  ! bronchus connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003603  ! lower respiratory tract cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001957
name: submucosa of bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "bronchi submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchial trunk submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "submucosa of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0002108
xref: FMA:62653
xref: MA:0001837
xref: SCTID:85546005
xref: UMLS:C0225601
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004777  ! respiratory system submucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001958
name: epithelium of terminal bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of terminal bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal bronchiole epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal bronchiole epithelium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62794
xref: MA:0001774
xref: UMLS:C1179400
xref: ncithesaurus:Terminal_Bronchiole_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0002051  ! epithelium of bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001959
name: white pulp of spleen
namespace: uberon
def: "The white pulp contains T cells, B cells and accessory cells. The function of the white pulp is to mount an immunological response to antigens within the blood. The white pulp is present in the form of a periarteriolar lymphoid sheath. This sheath contains B cell follicles and T cells. At the edge of the T zone is a region known as the marginal zone where larger lymphocytes and antigen presenting dendritic cells are located." [Wikipedia:White_pulp]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "noduli lymphoidei splenici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:White_pulp]
synonym: "pulpa alba" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62805, FMA:TA]
synonym: "spleen white pulp" EXACT []
synonym: "splenic white pulp" EXACT []
synonym: "white pulp" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62805
xref: MA:0000762
xref: UMLS:C0229686
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray1191.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gray1191.png/200px-Gray1191.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_White_Pulp
is_a: UBERON:1000023  ! spleen pulp

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001960
name: periarterial lymphatic sheath
namespace: uberon
def: "the area of the spleen in which T cells surround the central arteriole" [MP:0002358]
comment: AO notes: FMA distinguishes periarterial (PALS) from periarteriolar (FMA:62806)
synonym: "PALS" EXACT [MP:0002358]
synonym: "T cell domain of the splenic white pulp" EXACT [MP:0002358]
synonym: "periarterial lymphoid sheath" EXACT []
synonym: "periarteriolar sheath" EXACT [MP:0002358]
synonym: "spleen periarteriolar lymphatic sheath" EXACT []
synonym: "splenic periarteriolar lymphoid sheath" RELATED [MP:0002358]
xref: FMA:62810
xref: MA:0000765
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010393  ! T cell domain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0010393  ! T cell domain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001961
name: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various sites of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin[WP]. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes[GO]." [Wikipedia:Mucosa-associated_lymphoid_tissue]
comment: Editor notes: todo - add part relationships to specific layers
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "MALT" EXACT []
synonym: "epithelio-lymphoid tissue" EXACT [FMA:62819]
synonym: "mucosa associated lymphatic tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "mucosa associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT [GO:0048537]
synonym: "mucosal-associated lymphatic tissue" EXACT [GO:0048537]
synonym: "mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT [GO:0048537]
xref: FMA:62819
xref: MA:0000140
xref: UMLS:C0599921
xref: ncithesaurus:Mucosa-Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0012069  ! epithelium-associated lymphoid tissue
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001962
name: gut-associated lymphoid tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in digestive tract. includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules[GO]." [Wikipedia:Gut-associated_lymphoid_tissue]
comment: Editor notes: phylogenetic relationships to be added. Taxon notes: guts of jawless fish contains cells with lymphocyte-like morphology (Mayer 2002).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "GALT" RELATED []
synonym: "gut associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62820
xref: MA:0000136
xref: UMLS:C0596638
xref: ncithesaurus:Gut_Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001961  ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0001961  ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001963
name: bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A diffuse collection of lymphpoid cells that participate in airway immune responses" [ISBN10:0123813611]
comment: Lymphoid tissue associated with airways in mice has functional similarities to human BALT[ISBN10:0123813611] Notes: FMA classifies this as organized, not diffuse
synonym: "BALT" RELATED []
synonym: "bronchus associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62821
xref: MA:0000135
xref: UMLS:C1179418
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus-Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001961  ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001957 ! submucosa of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001961  ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001964
name: least splanchnic nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Thoracic nerve that  nerve travels into the abdomen, where its fibers synapse in the renal ganglia." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_splanchnic_nerves#cite_note-4]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "least thoracic splanchnic nerve" EXACT [FMA:6283]
synonym: "lowest splanchnic nerve" EXACT [FMA:6283]
synonym: "nervus splanchnicus imus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6283, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ramus renalis nervus splanchnici minoris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6283, FMA:TA]
synonym: "renal branch of lesser splanchnic nerve" EXACT [FMA:6283]
synonym: "renal nerve" EXACT [FMA:6283]
synonym: "thoracic splanchnic nerve" RELATED []
xref: EMAPA:29691
xref: FMA:6283
xref: MA:0002635
xref: SCTID:280506004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png
is_a: UBERON:0003429  ! abdomen nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003715  ! splanchnic nerve
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001965
name: substantia nigra pars compacta
namespace: uberon
def: "Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of a densely packed region of cells, more or less dorsal to the pars reticulata, but extending into the pars reticulata in some species. The dominant neurotransmitter used by pars compacta neurons is dopamine. Pars compacta neurons are pigmented in many species (MM)[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990, Wikipedia:Substantia_nigra_pars_compacta]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "SNpc" EXACT []
synonym: "compact part of substantia nigra" EXACT []
synonym: "pars compacta" EXACT []
synonym: "pars compacta substantiae nigrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62907, FMA:TA]
synonym: "substantia nigra compact part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990]
synonym: "substantia nigra compacta" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990]
synonym: "substantia nigra, compact part" EXACT []
xref: ABA:SNc
xref: BM:MB-SNc
xref: BTO:0003749
xref: FMA:62907
xref: MA:0001064
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990
xref: UMLS:C0175412
xref: ncithesaurus:Pars_Compacta
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002142
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007412

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001966
name: substantia nigra pars reticulata
namespace: uberon
def: "Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of loosely packed cells, generally located ventral and lateral to the pars compacta. Many cells in this region use GABA as a neurotransmitter (MM)[NLex]." [Neurolex:Substantia_nigra_pars_reticulata, Wikipedia:Pars_reticulata]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pars reticularis substantiae nigrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62908, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars reticulata" EXACT []
synonym: "reticular part of substantia nigra" EXACT []
synonym: "substantia nigra, reticular part" EXACT []
xref: ABA:SNr
xref: BM:MB-SNr
xref: BTO:0003750
xref: FMA:62908
xref: MA:0001066
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_968
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001967
name: reticular lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "a thin extracellular layer that sometimes lies below the basal lamina, is composed chiefly of collagenous fibers, and serves to anchor the basal lamina to underlying connective tissue." [Wikipedia:Reticular_lamina, http://mw1.merriam-webster.com/medical/reticular%20lamina]
comment: todo - use GO?
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fibroreticular lamina" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT []
synonym: "reticular membrane" RELATED []
xref: FMA:62924
is_a: UBERON:0005764  ! acellular membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001968
name: semen
namespace: uberon
def: "Body substance which consists of spermatozoa and seminal plasma.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Semen]
comment: Taxon notes: Note that in this ontology, semen is defined as the sum of sperm and seminal fluid, where seminal fluid is defined a taxonomically generic way (see comments for UBERON:0006530).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0001230
xref: FMA:62966
xref: GAID:1169
xref: MA:0002522
xref: MESH:A12.200.732
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvgC-zpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C1518159
xref: UMLS:C2756969
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Human_semen_in_petri_dish2.jpg/180px-Human_semen_in_petri_dish2.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Genital_System_Fluid_or_Secretion
xref: ncithesaurus:Semen
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: has_part UBERON:0006530 ! seminal fluid
property_value: has_relational_adjective "seminal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001969
name: blood plasma
namespace: uberon
def: "Body substance in liquid state contained in the lumen of arterial and venous trees, blood capillary and the cardiac chambers; constitutes the liquid phase of blood.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Blood_plasma]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "plasma" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of blood plasma" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of plasma" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000131
xref: EFO:0001905
xref: FMA:62970
xref: GAID:1178
xref: MA:0002501
xref: MAT:0000052
xref: MESH:A12.207.152.693
xref: MIAA:0000052
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rEg4ZYrIbEduAAAAOpmP6tw
xref: UMLS:C0032105
xref: ncithesaurus:Plasma
is_a: UBERON:0000179  ! haemolymphatic fluid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000178 ! blood

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001970
name: bile
namespace: uberon
def: "a bitter-tasting, dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver of most vertebrates, that aids the process of digestion of lipids in the small intestine. In many species, bile is stored in the gallbladder and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum. Bile is a composition of the following materials: water (85%), bile salts (10%), mucus and pigments (3%), fats (1%), inorganic salts (0.7%) and cholesterol (0.3%)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bile]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fel" RELATED [BTO:0000121]
synonym: "gall" RELATED [BTO:0000121]
xref: BTO:0000121
xref: ENVO:02000023
xref: FMA:62971
xref: GAID:1157
xref: MA:0002513
xref: MESH:A12.200.087
xref: UMLS:C0005388
xref: galen:Bile
xref: ncithesaurus:Bile
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001971
name: gastric juice
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Gastric_juice]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "stomach secretion" EXACT []
synonym: "succus gastricus" RELATED [BTO:0000501]
xref: BTO:0000501
xref: FMA:62972
xref: GAID:1160
xref: MA:0002519
xref: MESH:A12.200.307
xref: UMLS:C0017133
xref: galen:GastricJuice
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Secretion
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001972
name: submucosa of esophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophageal submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "esophagus submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "gullet submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of esophagus" EXACT []
synonym: "submucosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tela submucosa esophagi" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002109]
synonym: "tela submucosa oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62997, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tela submucosa of esophagus" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002109
xref: FMA:62997
xref: MA:0002724
xref: SCTID:362128009
is_a: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001973
name: substance of tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "Body substance in solid state produced by odontoblasts, amyloblasts or cementoblasts.[FMA]" [FMA:63001]
comment: note the asserted dual parentage. This is deliberate, pending better definitions of the distinction between substance and tissue
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "portion of substance of tooth" EXACT [FMA:63001]
synonym: "tooth substance" EXACT []
xref: FMA:63001
xref: MA:0002540
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001974
name: lamina propria of esophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "esophagus lamina propria" EXACT []
synonym: "esophagus lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of esophagus" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus lamina propria" RELATED []
synonym: "oesophagus lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:26987
xref: EMAPA:27003
xref: FMA:63050
xref: MA:0001568
xref: UMLS:C1707949
xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Lamina_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002469 ! esophagus mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001975
name: serosa of esophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "esophagus serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "esophagus serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus serosa" RELATED []
synonym: "oesophagus serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of abdominal part of esophagus" EXACT []
synonym: "serosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of oesophagus" EXACT []
synonym: "serous coat of oesophagus" EXACT []
synonym: "serous membrane of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica serosa oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63057, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:63057
xref: MA:0001571
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001976
name: epithelium of esophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a esophagus." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo check epithelium types: in FMA: Nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium; mouse has basal and squamous subtypes; in ZFA it is columnar
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelial tissue of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophageal epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "esophagus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "gullet epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus epithelium" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001578
xref: EFO:0003041
xref: EHDAA2:0001287
xref: EMAPA:16835
xref: FMA:63063
xref: MA:0001565
xref: TAO:0001499
xref: UMLS:C1179544
xref: ZFA:0001499
xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003350  ! epithelium of mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002469 ! esophagus mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
property_value: external_definition "Simple columnar epithelium that lines the esophagus. Chen et al, 2007.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001977
name: serum
namespace: uberon
def: "Body substance derived from plasma by the elimination of fibrinogen.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Serum]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "blood serum" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000133
xref: BTO:0001239
xref: EHDAA2:0004728
xref: FMA:63083
xref: MA:0002502
xref: UMLS:C0229671
xref: ncithesaurus:Serum
is_a: UBERON:0000179  ! haemolymphatic fluid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001969 ! blood plasma

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001978
name: parenchyma of pancreas
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "pancreas parenchyma" EXACT []
synonym: "pancreatic parenchyma" EXACT []
xref: FMA:63120
xref: MA:0000724
xref: SCTID:371401008
xref: VHOG:0001430
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001979
name: venule
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of venous tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the capillary vessel." [Wikipedia:Venule]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "venula" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Venule]
xref: BTO:0002626
xref: FMA:63130
xref: MA:0000071
xref: MESH:A07.231.432.952
xref: SCTID:341687009
xref: TAO:0005315
xref: UMLS:C0042520
xref: VHOG:0001765
xref: ZFA:0005315
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Illu_capillary.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Illu_capillary.jpg/200px-Illu_capillary.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Venule
is_a: UBERON:0003920  ! venous blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature formed by the anastomosis of capillaries.  Venules carry blood toward the heart.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001980
name: arteriole
namespace: uberon
def: "the smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries[GO]. Subdivision of arterial tree (organ) which is directly continuous with capillary vessel[FMA]." [FMA:63182, GO:0014830, Wikipedia:Arteriole]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arteriola" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arteriole]
xref: AAO:0010253
xref: BTO:0001997
xref: FMA:63182
xref: MA:0000063
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.060
xref: SCTID:337724002
xref: TAO:0002138
xref: UMLS:C0003847
xref: VHOG:0001763
xref: ZFA:0005255
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Illu_capillary.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Illu_capillary.jpg/200px-Illu_capillary.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Arteriole
is_a: UBERON:0003509  ! arterial blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery
property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature, feeds into capillaries.   Arterioles carry blood away from the heart.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Small, terminal branch of an artery which generally connects to capillaries.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001981
name: blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A vessel through which blood circulates in the body." [BTO:0001102, Wikipedia:Blood_vessel]
comment: note that FMA:63183 Blood vessel is categorized as 'general anatomical term'. Suggestion to map to region of vascular tree from Terry H at JAX. Taxon notes: annelids have blood vessels, but this class is not applicable to annelids.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "region of vascular tree organ" EXACT [FMA:50722]
synonym: "vas sanguineum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Blood_vessel]
synonym: "vascular tree organ region" EXACT [FMA:50722]
xref: AAO:0011004
xref: AEO:0000207
xref: BTO:0001102
xref: EFO:0000817
xref: EHDAA2:0003252
xref: EHDAA:240
xref: FMA:50722
xref: FMA:63183
xref: GAID:169
xref: MA:0000060
xref: MAT:0000393
xref: MESH:A07.231
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090901
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361097006
xref: TAO:0002137
xref: UMLS:C0005847
xref: VHOG:0001250
xref: XAO:0001011
xref: ZFA:0005314
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg/200px-Circulatory_System_en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Blood_Vessel
is_a: UBERON:0000055  ! vessel
is_a: UBERON:0007500  ! epithelial tube open at both ends
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0000178 ! blood
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006965 ! vascular cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004537 ! blood vasculature
property_value: external_definition "Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body. [XAO:0001011_][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001982
name: capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Capillary]
comment: Structure notes: capillaries lack tunica media and tunica adventitia; only the endothelial wall of the tunica intima belongs
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "blood capillary" EXACT []
synonym: "capillary vessel" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010252
xref: BTO:0002045
xref: EFO:0001906
xref: EMAPA:28039
xref: EMAPA:28075
xref: EV:0100035
xref: FMA:63194
xref: MA:0000065
xref: MESH:A07.231.432.410
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090902
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWEU-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0005250
xref: UMLS:C0935624
xref: VHOG:0001253
xref: XAO:0000116
xref: ZFA:0005250
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/A_red_blood_cell_in_a_capillary,_pancreatic_tissue_-_TEM.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Capillary
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0010523  ! microcirculatory vessel
relationship: connects UBERON:0001979 ! venule
relationship: connects UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001979 ! venule
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole
property_value: external_definition "Any of the tiny blood vessels connecting the arterioles to the venules.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001983
name: crypt of Lieberkuhn
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland found in the epithelial lining of the intestine and colon." [Wikipedia:Intestinal_crypt]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "Lieberkuhn crypt" EXACT []
synonym: "crypt of LieberkC<hn" EXACT []
synonym: "crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT []
synonym: "crypts of LieberkC<hn" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "intestinal crypt" EXACT []
synonym: "intestinal crypts" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "intestinal gland" BROAD [Wikipedia:Crypts_of_Lieberkuhn]
synonym: "lieberkuhn crypt" EXACT []
xref: FMA:63621
xref: MA:0001535
xref: SCTID:118652008
xref: UMLS:C1621887
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg/200px-Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Crypts_of_the_Lieberkuhn
is_a: UBERON:0000333  ! intestinal gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa
property_value: external_definition "In histology, an intestinal crypt, also crypt of LieberkC<hn and intestinal gland, is a gland found in the epithelial lining of the small intestine and colon. The crypts secrete various enzymes, including sucrase and maltase, along with endopeptidases and exopeptidases. Also new epithelium is formed here, keeping in mind that the epithelium at this site is frequently worn away by the passing food. Loss of proliferation control in the crypts is thought to lead to colorectal cancer. The basal portion of the Crypt contains multipotent stem cells. At each mitosis one daughter remains a stem cell while the other differentiates and migrates up the side of the crypt and eventually the villus. Goblet cells are among the cells produced in this fashion[Wikipedia:Intestinal_crypt]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001984
name: crypt of lieberkuhn of large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A crypt of lieberkuhn that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "intestinal gland of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestinal crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine intestinal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestine lieberkuhn crypt" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lieberkuhn crypt of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:63622
xref: MA:0001544
xref: UMLS:C1179777
xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Crypt_of_the_Lieberkuhn
is_a: UBERON:0001983  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0001983  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001985
name: corneal endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A monolayer of specialized, flattened, mitochondria-rich cells that lines the posterior surface of the cornea and faces the anterior chamber of the eye[WP]." [Wikipedia:Corneal_endothelium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cornea endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of cornea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium posterius corneae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corneal_endothelium]
xref: FMA:63882
xref: GAID:891
xref: MA:0001242
xref: MESH:A09.371.060.067.318
xref: SCTID:368827009
xref: TAO:0002186
xref: UMLS:C0014259
xref: ZFA:0001687
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray871.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray871.png/200px-Gray871.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Corneal_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0001772  ! corneal epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001986
name: endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body[MESH]. Simple squamous epithelium which lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart[FMA]" [FMA:63916, MESH:A10.272.491]
comment: The term bbendotheliumbb has been either restricted to the continuous cell layer of the vertebrates, as we are assuming here, or applied to all the cells able to adhere to the luminal surface of the vascular basement membrane (Casley-Smith 1980)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0000393
xref: EFO:0002548
xref: EMAPA:18578
xref: EMAPA:19063
xref: FMA:63916
xref: GAID:520
xref: MESH:A10.272.491
xref: SCTID:27168002
xref: UMLS:C0014257
xref: UMLS:C0014261
xref: galen:Endothelium
xref: ncithesaurus:Endothelium
xref: ncithesaurus:Vascular_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0000487  ! simple squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
property_value: has_relational_adjective "endothelial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001988
name: feces
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of semisolid bodily waste discharged through the anus[MW,modified]" [Wikipedia:Feces, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feces]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cow dung" NARROW [Wikipedia:Cow_dung]
synonym: "cow pat" NARROW [Wikipedia:Cow_dung]
synonym: "droppings" RELATED []
synonym: "dung" NARROW []
synonym: "excrement" RELATED [BTO:0000440]
synonym: "excreta" BROAD []
synonym: "faeces" EXACT []
synonym: "fecal material" EXACT []
synonym: "fecal matter" EXACT []
synonym: "fewmet" NARROW [Wikipedia:Fewmet]
synonym: "frass" NARROW [Wikipedia:Frass]
synonym: "guano" NARROW [Wikipedia:Guano]
synonym: "matiC(res fC)cales@fr" EXACT []
synonym: "merde@fr" EXACT []
synonym: "ordure" RELATED []
synonym: "partie de la merde@fr" EXACT []
synonym: "piece of shit" EXACT [PMID:23285307]
synonym: "porciC3n de mierda@en" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of dung" NARROW []
synonym: "portion of excrement" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of faeces" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of fecal material" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of fecal matter" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of feces" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of guano" NARROW []
synonym: "portion of scat" NARROW []
synonym: "portionem cacas" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "scat" NARROW []
synonym: "spoor" RELATED []
synonym: "spraint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Spraint]
synonym: "stool" EXACT []
synonym: "teil der fC$kalien@de" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000440
xref: ENVO:00002003
xref: FMA:64183
xref: GAID:1199
xref: MA:0002509
xref: MAT:0000053
xref: MESH:A12.459
xref: MIAA:0000053
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0015733
xref: galen:Feces
xref: ncithesaurus:Feces
is_a: UBERON:0000174  ! excreta
property_value: external_definition "Excretion in semisolid state processed by the intestine.[FMA[FMA:64183]]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "fecal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001989
name: superior cervical ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "Trunk ganglion which is bilaterally paired and located at the anterior end of the sympathetic ganglion chain." [Wikipedia:Superior_cervical_ganglion, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ganglion cervicale superius" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001325, Wikipedia:Superior_cervical_ganglion]
synonym: "superior cervical sympathetic ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "superior sympathetic cervical ganglion" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001325
xref: EFO:0001945
xref: EHDAA:8943
xref: EMAPA:18441
xref: FMA:6467
xref: GAID:712
xref: MA:0001156
xref: MESH:A08.340.315.350.850
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001946
xref: SCTID:279278002
xref: TAO:0001572
xref: UMLS:C0206257
xref: ZFA:0001572
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray844.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Cervical_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001991  ! cervical ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001990
name: middle cervical ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle cervical ganglion is the smallest of the three cervical ganglia, and is occasionally absent. It is placed opposite the sixth cervical vertebra, usually in front of, or close to, the inferior thyroid artery. It is probably formed by the coalescence of two ganglia corresponding to the fifth and sixth cervical nerves. It sends gray rami communicantes to the fifth and sixth cervical nerves, and gives off the middle cardiac nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_cervical_ganglion]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ganglion cervicale medium" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000359, Wikipedia:Middle_cervical_ganglion]
synonym: "middle cervical sympathetic ganglion" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000359
xref: EHDAA:8941
xref: EMAPA:18440
xref: FMA:6468
xref: MA:0001155
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001180
xref: SCTID:279279005
xref: UMLS:C0228999
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray844.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Cervical_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001991  ! cervical ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001991
name: cervical ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The cervical ganglia are paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They consist of three paravertebral ganglia: superior cervical ganglion middle cervical ganglion inferior cervical ganglion. The inferior ganglion may be fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form a single structure, the stellate ganglion. Nerves emerging from cervical sympathetic ganglia contribute to the cardiac plexus, among other things. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_ganglion]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cervical sympathetic ganglion" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000113
xref: EMAPA:18438
xref: FMA:6470
xref: MA:0001153
xref: SCTID:181100007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png
is_a: UBERON:0001807  ! paravertebral ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001992
name: papillary layer of dermis
namespace: uberon
def: "Dense irregular connective tissue of the skin that consists of fibroblasts, various connective tissue cell types, and collagen, predominantly type III.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Papillary_dermis]
comment: AO notes: check AO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corpus papillary" EXACT [MP:0009545]
synonym: "dermis papillary layer" EXACT [MA:0000800]
synonym: "papillary dermis" EXACT []
synonym: "papillary layer" EXACT [MP:0009545]
synonym: "papillary layer of dermis" EXACT [FMA:64776]
synonym: "stratum papillare" EXACT LATIN [MP:0009545, Wikipedia:Papillary_dermis]
synonym: "stratum papillare corii" EXACT [MP:0009545]
synonym: "superficial dermis" EXACT [MA:0000802, MP:0009545]
xref: FMA:64776
xref: MA:0000800
xref: MA:0000802
xref: UMLS:C0221930
xref: UMLS:C0682598
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Normal_Epidermis_and_Dermis_with_Intradermal_Nevus_10x.JPG
xref: ncithesaurus:Papillary_Dermis
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Papillare
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001993
name: reticular layer of dermis
namespace: uberon
def: "lower layer of the dermis, found under the papillary dermis, composed of dense irregular connective tissue featuring densely packed collagen fibers. It is the primary location of dermal elastic fibers." [Wikipedia:Reticular_dermis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dermis reticular layer" EXACT []
synonym: "reticular dermis" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum reticulare" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Reticular_dermis]
xref: FMA:64778
xref: MA:0000801
xref: UMLS:C0682599
xref: UMLS:C1514988
xref: ncithesaurus:Reticular_Dermis
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Reticulare
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001992 ! papillary layer of dermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008877 ! epidermal-dermal junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001994
name: hyaline cartilage tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Cartilage (tissue) which consists of chondrocytes and collagen, the intercellular matrix of which is an amorphous gel with a perichondrium[FMA]." [FMA:64783, Wikipedia:Hyaline_cartilage]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hyaline cartilage" EXACT []
xref: FMA:64783
xref: MA:0000109
xref: SCTID:39298000
xref: UMLS:C0225362
xref: VSAO:0000094
xref: XAO:0004029
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Hypertrophic_Zone_of_Epiphyseal_Plate.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gray292.png/200px-Gray292.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hyaline_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
property_value: external_definition "Cartilage tissue primarily composed of type II collagen (thin fibrils) and a glassy appearance.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001995
name: fibrocartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns[VSAO]. A mixture of white fibrous tissue and cartilaginous tissue in various proportions. It owes its flexibility and toughness to the former of these constituents, and its elasticity to the latter. It is the only type of cartilage that contains type I collagen in addition to the normal type II[WP]. Cartilage (tissue) which consists of chondrocytes and collagen, the intercellular matrix of which is an amorphous gel without a well-defined perichondrium[FMA]." [FMA:64784, VSAO:0000103, Wikipedia:Fibrocartilage]
comment: The white fibrocartilages admit of arrangement into four groupsbinterarticular, connecting, circumferential, and stratiform -- WP. TODO: add mineralized
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:64784
xref: MA:0000108
xref: SCTID:91685003
xref: UMLS:C0684077
xref: VSAO:0000103
xref: XAO:0004028
xref: galen:Fibrocartilage
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Gray295.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gray295.png/200px-Gray295.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Fibrocartilage
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
property_value: external_definition "Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "fibrocartilaginous" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001996
name: elastic cartilage tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Cartilage (tissue) which consists of chondrocytes and collagen, the intercellular matrix of which consists of elastic fibers." [FMA:64785, Wikipedia:Elastic_cartilage]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "elastic cartilage" EXACT [MA:0000107]
synonym: "elastic cartilage tissue" EXACT [VSAO:0000091]
synonym: "yellow elastic cartilage" EXACT [Wikipedia:Elastic_cartilage]
synonym: "yellow elastic cartilage tissue" EXACT []
xref: FMA:64785
xref: MA:0000107
xref: UMLS:C0682559
xref: VSAO:0000091
xref: XAO:0004197
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Gray904.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Gray904.png/200px-Gray904.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Elastic_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0011589  ! non-mineralized cartilage tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation
property_value: external_definition "Cartilage tissue that is flexible and contains abundant elastic fibers.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001997
name: olfactory epithelium
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004853
def: "Epithelium inside the nasal cavity that is responsible for detecting odors[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_epithelium, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Genes: V1Rs, Trpc2 present in lamprey // See also: FMA:77199
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "nasal cavity olfactory epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001325]
synonym: "nasal epithelium" RELATED []
synonym: "nasal sensory epithelium" RELATED []
synonym: "olfactory membrane" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2703]
synonym: "olfactory mucosa" RELATED [GAID:303]
synonym: "olfactory sensory epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "sensory olfactory epithelium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010158
xref: BTO:0000108
xref: EFO:0001972
xref: EHDAA2:0001228
xref: EHDAA:4774
xref: EMAPA:17606
xref: FMA:64803
xref: MA:0001325
xref: MAT:0000445
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2703
xref: SCTID:37623003
xref: TAO:0000554
xref: UMLS:C0599332
xref: VHOG:0000985
xref: ZFA:0000554
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray857.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray857.png/200px-Gray857.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003350  ! epithelium of mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006934  ! sensory epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010499  ! pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 ! olfactory placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001826 ! nasal cavity mucosa
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of principal cavity (AAO:0000992)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Sensory lining of the medial wall, roof and anterior aspects of the main olfactory cavity (cavum principale).[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001998
name: sternocostal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "arthrodial joints, with the exception of the first, in which the cartilage is directly united with the sternum, and which is, therefore, a synarthrodial articulation." [Wikipedia:Sternocostal_joints]
comment: AO notes - FMA has FMA:72323 'Costosternal joint', isa Synchondrosis, no other relationships
synonym: "articulatio sternocostalis" EXACT [FMA:7954]
synonym: "articulationes sternocostales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternocostal_joints]
synonym: "costo sternal joint" EXACT []
synonym: "costosternal joint" EXACT []
synonym: "sternochondral joint" EXACT [FMA:7954]
synonym: "sternocostal synovial joint" EXACT [FMA:7954]
synonym: "synovial sternocostal joint" EXACT [FMA:7954]
xref: FMA:7954
xref: GAID:271
xref: MA:0001512
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.790
xref: SCTID:361860002
xref: UMLS:C1305902
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Gray315.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gray315.png/200px-Gray315.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sternocostal_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0002001  ! joint of rib
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000975 ! sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0001999
name: iliopsoas
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor[WP]." [Wikipedia:Iliopsoas]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Hyrtl's muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "ilio-psoas" RELATED [VHOG:0001005]
synonym: "iliopsoas muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000621]
synonym: "illopsoas" EXACT [VHOG:0001005]
synonym: "musculus iliopsoas" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliopsoas]
xref: BTO:0000621
xref: EHDAA2:0000812
xref: EHDAA:9458
xref: EMAPA:18520
xref: FMA:64918
xref: MA:0002321
xref: SCTID:181668001
xref: UMLS:C0224417
xref: VHOG:0001005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Iliopsoas_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001370 ! gluteus maximus
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0008538 ! muscle of posterior compartment of thigh
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002504 ! lesser trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0009624 ! lumbar nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002000
name: gluteal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The gluteal muscles are the three muscles that make up the buttocks: the gluteus maximus muscle, gluteus medius muscle and gluteus minimus muscle." [Wikipedia:Gluteal_muscles]
comment: AO notes: FMA includes tensor fasciae latae and other buttock muscles. BTO def: Any one of three large skeletal muscles that form the buttock and move the thigh.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gluteus" RELATED [BTO:0000531]
synonym: "gluteus muscle" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000531
xref: EHDAA2:0000715
xref: FMA:64922
xref: MA:0000535
xref: UMLS:C1744702
xref: VHOG:0001316
xref: ncithesaurus:Gluteal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001497  ! muscle of pelvic girdle
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002001
name: joint of rib
namespace: uberon
def: "Any joint that connects a rib to another structure (or another rib). Examples: costochondral, costovertebral, interchondral, sternocostal joints." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "rib joint" EXACT []
xref: FMA_RETIRED:64994
xref: MA:0001508
xref: SCTID:263314001
xref: UMLS:C1261194
xref: ncithesaurus:Joint_of_the_Rib
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003252 ! rib cage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002228 ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002002
name: interchondral joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Interchondral Articulations (articulations of the cartilages of the ribs with each other). The contiguous borders of the sixth, seventh, and eighth, and sometimes those of the ninth and tenth, costal cartilages articulate with each other by small, smooth, oblong facets. Each articulation is enclosed in a thin articular capsule, lined by synovial membrane and strengthened laterally and medially by ligamentous fibers which pass from one cartilage to the other. Sometimes the fifth costal cartilages, more rarely the ninth and tenth, articulate by their lower borders with the adjoining cartilages by small oval facets; more frequently the connection is by a few ligamentous fibers." [Wikipedia:Interchondral_articulations]
comment: Editor notes: Consider creating logical definition after obo2owl cardinality tests. AO notes: FMA has both synovial and syndesmosis subtypes - consider adding separate class for FMA:7955 Synovial interchondral joint
synonym: "articulatio interchondralis" EXACT [FMA:7955]
synonym: "articulationes interchondrales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71378, FMA:TA]
synonym: "interchondral articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interchondral_articulations]
synonym: "interchondral joint of 9th and 10th ribs" RELATED [FMA:10425]
synonym: "interchondral joints" EXACT [FMA:71378]
synonym: "interchondral joints set" EXACT [FMA:71378]
synonym: "interchondral syndesmosis" RELATED [FMA:10425]
synonym: "non-synovial interchondral joint" RELATED [FMA:10425]
synonym: "synovial interchondral joint" EXACT [FMA:7955]
xref: FMA:10425
xref: MA:0001511
xref: SCTID:303101003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Gray315.png
is_a: UBERON:0002001  ! joint of rib
is_a: UBERON:0002210  ! syndesmosis
relationship: connects UBERON:0002228 {cardinality="2"} ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002003
name: peripheral nerve
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003377
def: "Neural tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the neuraxis. Examples: phrenic nerve, radial nerve, ilioinguinal nerve, sciatic nerve[FMA]. The peripheral nerves include the 12 cranial nerves, the spinal nerves and roots, and what are called the autonomic nerves that are concerned specifically with the regulation of the heart muscle, the muscles in blood vessel walls, and glands[BTO]. The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium[GAID]. A peripheral nerve, or simply nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of peripheral axons (the long, slender projections of neurons). A nerve provides a common pathway for the electrochemical nerve impulses that are transmitted along each of the axons. Nerves are found only in the peripheral nervous system. In the central nervous system, the analogous structures are known as tracts[WP]." [Wikipedia:Peripheral_nerve]
comment: TODO - check definition vs nerve. See notes for cranial nerve II (optic nerve)
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nerve part of peripheral nervous system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1615]
synonym: "peripheral nerve tree" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001027
xref: EMAPA:25148
xref: EV:0100371
xref: FMA:65239
xref: GAID:747
xref: MA:0000228
xref: MESH:A08.800.800
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1615
xref: SCTID:244457007
xref: UMLS:C0031119
xref: VHOG:0000901
xref: XAO:0000204
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png/200px-Nervous_system_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Peripheral_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002004
name: trunk of sciatic nerve
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "sciatic nerve trunk" EXACT []
synonym: "sciatic neural trunk" EXACT []
xref: FMA:65507
xref: MA:0001178
is_a: UBERON:0001147  ! trunk of peripheral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002005
name: enteric nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation[GO]." [Wikipedia:Enteric_nervous_system]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "PNS - enteric" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0002506
xref: EFO:0000895
xref: EHDAA2:0004202
xref: EMAPA:26922
xref: FMA:66070
xref: GAID:799
xref: MA:0000222
xref: MAT:0000102
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.150
xref: MIAA:0000102
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1166
xref: TAO:0001155
xref: ZFA:0001155
is_a: UBERON:0002410  ! autonomic nervous system
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005428 ! vagal neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002006
name: cortex of lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "Peripheral portion of the lymph node, underneath the capsule[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cortex_of_lymph_node]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cortex nodi lymphoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cortex_of_lymph_node]
synonym: "lymph node cortex" EXACT []
xref: FMA:66253
xref: MA:0000740
xref: UMLS:C0933402
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Illu_lymph_node_structure.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
intersection_of: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002007
name: medulla of lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovary_of_lymph_node]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lymph node medulla" EXACT []
synonym: "medulla nodi lymphoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medulla_of_lymph_node]
xref: FMA:66254
xref: MA:0000745
is_a: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
intersection_of: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002008
name: cardiac nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "a plexus of nerves situated at the base of the heart that innervate the heart." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_plexus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "autonomic nerve plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autonomic plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "heart autonomic nerve plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart autonomic plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart visceral nerve plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart visceral plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "plexus cardiacus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6628, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Cardiac_plexus]
synonym: "visceral nerve plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:6628
xref: MA:0001138
xref: SCTID:280511002
xref: UMLS:C0459528
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Nerve_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002009
name: pulmonary nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The pulmonary plexus is an autonomic plexus formed from pulmonary branches of vagus nerve and the sympathetic trunk. It supplies the Bronchial tree. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_plexus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "plexus pulmonalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6629, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_plexus]
synonym: "pulmonary plexus" EXACT [FMA:6629]
xref: FMA:6629
xref: MA:0001143
xref: SCTID:280512009
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus
relationship: located_in UBERON:0003728 ! mediastinum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002010
name: celiac nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The celiac plexus, also known as the solar plexus, is a complex network of nerves located in the abdomen. The celiac plexus is located near where the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and renal arteries branch from the abdominal aorta. It is behind the stomach and the omental bursa and in front of the crura of the diaphragm, on the level of the first lumbar vertebra, L1. The plexus is formed (in part) by the greater and lesser splanchnic nerves of both sides, and also parts of the right vagus nerve. The celiac plexus proper consists of the celiac ganglia with a network of interconnecting fibers. The aorticorenal ganglia are often considered to be part of the celiac ganglia, and thus, part of the plexus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Celiac_plexus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "celiac plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "coeliac nerve plexus" RELATED []
synonym: "coeliac plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "plexus coeliacus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6630, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Celiac_plexus]
synonym: "plexus nervosus coeliacus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6630, FMA:TA]
synonym: "solar plexus" RELATED [MESH:A08.800.050.050.150]
xref: FMA:6630
xref: GAID:796
xref: MA:0001139
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.150
xref: SCTID:362494009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002011
name: thoracodorsal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The thoracodorsal artery is a branch of the subscapular artery. It travels inferiorly with the thoracodorsal nerve and supplies the latissimus dorsi. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracodorsal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria thoracodorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracodorsal_artery]
xref: FMA:66320
xref: MA:0002065
xref: UMLS:C0933449
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Latissimus_dorsi.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Latissimus_dorsi.png/200px-Latissimus_dorsi.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracodorsal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002012
name: pulmonary artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The pulmonary arteries carry blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood. In the human heart, the pulmonary trunk (pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery) begins at the base of the right ventricle. It is short and wide - approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in length and 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter. It then branches into two pulmonary arteries (left and right), which deliver deoxygenated blood to the corresponding lung. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_artery]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pulmonary arterial tree" EXACT []
synonym: "pulmonary arterial tree organ part" EXACT []
synonym: "truncus pulmonalis, arteria pulmonalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_artery]
xref: AAO:0010221
xref: BTO:0000778
xref: EFO:0001399
xref: EHDAA2:0001575
xref: EHDAA:4351
xref: EMAPA:17008
xref: FMA:66326
xref: GAID:505
xref: MA:0002031
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.715
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjbIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181380003
xref: UMLS:C0034052
xref: VHOG:0000982
xref: XAO:0004162
xref: galen:PulmonaryArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002061 ! truncus arteriosus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008886 ! pulmonary vascular system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008886 ! pulmonary vascular system
property_value: external_definition "Major artery which supplies blood to the lungs.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of two arteries, leaving from the heart, the left one supplying the left lung and the right one supplying the right lung. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "On the other hand, in the sister clade of the actinopterygians, the sarcopterygians, the gill circulation is supplemented with lung ventilation. As a result, the pulmonary artery and vein and a functional ductus arteriosus arose as a major evolutionary innovation from the sixth arch, giving the organism a flexible shunt to balance blood supply to and from gills and lungs according to environmental conditions.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002013
name: superior hypogastric nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior hypogastric plexus (in older texts, hypogastric plexus or presacral nerve) is a plexus of nerves situated on the vertebral bodies below the bifurcation of the aorta. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_hypogastric_plexus]
comment: Check relationship with generic hypogastric nerve/plexus
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hypogastric plexus" RELATED []
synonym: "nervus presacralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6642, FMA:TA]
synonym: "plexus hypogastricus inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_hypogastric_plexus]
synonym: "plexus hypogastricus superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6642, FMA:TA]
synonym: "presacral nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "superior hypogastric plexus" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:19274
xref: FMA:6642
xref: MA:0001142
xref: SCTID:244484008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005303 ! hypogastric nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002014
name: inferior hypogastric nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior hypogastric plexus (pelvic plexus in some texts) is a plexus of nerves that supplies the viscera of the pelvic cavity. The inferior hypogastric plexus is a paired structure, with each situated on the side of the rectum in the male, and at the sides of the rectum and vagina in the female. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_hypogastric_plexus]
comment: Check relationship with generic hypogastric nerve/plexus
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "inferior hypogastric plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvic nerve plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvic plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "plexus hypogastricus inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6643, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Inferior_hypogastric_plexus]
synonym: "plexus nervosus pelvicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6643, FMA:TA]
synonym: "plexus pelvicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6643, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:19275
xref: FMA:6643
xref: MA:0001141
xref: SCTID:192608000
xref: UMLS:C0205797
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Hypogastric_Nerve_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005303 ! hypogastric nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002015
name: kidney capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of ' adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. The renal capsule relates to the other layers in the following order (moving from innermost to outermost): renal medulla renal cortex renal capsule perinephric fat (or 'perirenal fat') renal fascia paranephric fat (or 'pararenal fat') peritoneum (anteriorly), and transversalis fascia (posteriorly). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Kidney_capsule]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "capsule of kidney" EXACT []
synonym: "fibrous capsule of kidney" EXACT [FMA:66610]
synonym: "renal capsule" EXACT [GO:0072127]
xref: EMAPA:18679
xref: FMA:66610
xref: MA:0000370
xref: SCTID:243657006
xref: UMLS:C0227637
xref: galen:CapsuleOfKidney
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002016
name: pulmonary vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the lungs to the heart[GO]." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_vein]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pulmonary venous tree organ part" EXACT []
synonym: "venae pulmonales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_vein]
xref: AAO:0010521
xref: BTO:0001799
xref: EHDAA2:0001579
xref: EHDAA:2629
xref: EMAPA:18645
xref: FMA:66643
xref: GAID:543
xref: MA:0002206
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.713
xref: SCTID:430160002
xref: UMLS:C0034090
xref: VHOG:0001133
xref: XAO:0000394
xref: galen:PulmonaryVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002061 ! truncus arteriosus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008886 ! pulmonary vascular system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008886 ! pulmonary vascular system
property_value: external_definition "Any of the veins which collect blood from the lungs and some small vesicles received from the esophagus.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of two pairs of large vessels that return oxygenated blood from each lung to the left atrium of the heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "On the other hand, in the sister clade of the actinopterygians, the sarcopterygians, the gill circulation is supplemented with lung ventilation. As a result, the pulmonary artery and vein and a functional ductus arteriosus arose as a major evolutionary innovation from the sixth arch, giving the organism a flexible shunt to balance blood supply to and from gills and lungs according to environmental conditions.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002017
name: portal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that conducts blood from the digestive organs, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder to the liver[BTO]." [BTO:0001792]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "portal venous tree organ part" EXACT [FMA:66645]
xref: BTO:0001792
xref: EHDAA2:0001485
xref: EHDAA:6510
xref: EMAPA:17349
xref: FMA:66645
xref: GAID:540
xref: MA:0002198
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.670.567
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv_bem5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362064007
xref: UMLS:C0032718
xref: VHOG:0000656
xref: XAO:0000392
xref: galen:PortalVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Portal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005806 ! portal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002018
name: synovial membrane of synovial joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Soft tissue that lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within joints with cavities (synovial joints)." [Wikipedia:Synovial_membrane]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "membrana synovialis capsulae articularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Synovial_membrane]
synonym: "stratum synoviale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:66762, FMA:TA]
synonym: "synovial layer" BROAD [FMA:66762]
synonym: "synovial layer of articular capsule of synovial joint" RELATED [FMA:9865]
synonym: "synovial membrane" BROAD [AEO:0000181]
synonym: "synovial membrane of articular capsule of synovial joint" RELATED [FMA:9865]
synonym: "synovium" BROAD [BTO:0001823, VHOG:0001282]
synonym: "synovium of articular capsule of synovial joint" RELATED [FMA:9865]
xref: AEO:0000181
xref: BTO:0001823
xref: CALOHA:TS-0998
xref: EFO:0001393
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003181
xref: EV:0100143
xref: FMA:9865
xref: GAID:264
xref: MA:0000114
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.443.800
xref: SCTID:361828005
xref: UMLS:C0039099
xref: VHOG:0001282
xref: galen:SynovialMembrane
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Joint.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Synovium.png/200px-Synovium.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Synovial_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0006915  ! stratified squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007616  ! layer of synovial tissue
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001484 ! articular capsule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint
property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetically, synovium is one of the newer attributes of the vertebrate locomotor apparatus. The first synovial joints developed in the piscine jaw of ancestors of modern lungfish by an evolutionary process that modified preexisting fibrous and cartilaginous joints, which were the predominant articulation of the early sea- and land-dwelling vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002019
name: accessory XI nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "a nerve that controls specific muscles of the shoulder and neck." [Wikipedia:Spinal_accessory_nerve]
comment: Taxon notes: In mice, the spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve[GO]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "CN-XI" RELATED [VHOG:0000699]
synonym: "Willis' nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "accessory XI" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000106]
synonym: "accessory XI nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "accessory nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "accessory nerve [XI]" EXACT []
synonym: "cervical accessory nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial nerve XI" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_812]
synonym: "eleventh cranial nerve" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_812]
synonym: "nervus accessorius [xi]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6720, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars spinalis nervus accessorius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6720, FMA:TA]
synonym: "spinal accessory nerve" EXACT [FMA:6720]
synonym: "spinal accessory nerve tree" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal part of accessory nerve" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010476
xref: EHDAA2:0000106
xref: EHDAA:2855
xref: EMAPA:17159
xref: EMAPA:17265
xref: FMA:6720
xref: GAID:825
xref: MA:0001088
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.060
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_812
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwTEwI5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362469008
xref: UMLS:C0000905
xref: VHOG:0000699
xref: XAO:0004214
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Accessory_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
property_value: external_definition "Cranial nerve that innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius complex of muscles. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-1, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Small motor nerve which innervates a single pectoral suspensory muscle, the m. cucullaris.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002020
name: gray matter of neuraxis
namespace: uberon
def: "Heterogeneous cluster of neural somas in the brain and the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Gray_matter]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "gray mater" RELATED [ZFA:0001681]
synonym: "gray matter" EXACT []
synonym: "grey matter" EXACT []
synonym: "grey substance" EXACT []
synonym: "neuronal grey matter" EXACT [AEO:0001012]
synonym: "substantia grisea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67242, FMA:TA]
xref: AEO:0001012
xref: EHDAA2:0003136
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0004658
xref: FMA:67242
xref: MA:0001112
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDdKMpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0002197
xref: UMLS:C0018220
xref: VHOG:0001768
xref: ZFA:0001681
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gray_Matter
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue comprised of neurons, dendrites, axon terminals, glial cells, and capillaries.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002023
name: claustrum of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the four basal ganglia in each cerebral hemisphere that consists of a thin lamina of gray matter between the lentiform nucleus and the insula[BTO]. The claustrum, which is suspected to be present in all mammals, is a fairly thin (fraction of 1 mm to multiple mms) vertical curved sheet of subcortical gray matter oriented sagittally between the white matter tracts of the external capsule and extreme capsule. The claustrum is lateral to the putamen and medial to the insular cortex and is considered by some sources to be part of the basal ganglia. There are lateral and medial tracts connecting to many cortices and perhaps to the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the caudate nucleus (connections with subcortical centers are a matter of debate)[WP]." [BTO:0004292, Wikipedia:Claustrum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "claustrum" EXACT [MA:0000888]
synonym: "dorsal claustrum" EXACT [FMA:67440]
synonym: "dorsal portion of claustrum" EXACT [FMA:67440]
xref: ABA:CLA
xref: BM:Tel-Cl
xref: BTO:0004292
xref: EV:0100183
xref: FMA:67440
xref: MA:0000888
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1522
xref: SCTID:279410004
xref: UMLS:C0008910
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Claustrum
is_a: UBERON:0002420  ! basal ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000203 ! pallium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006098 ! basal nuclear complex
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002887
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006107

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002024
name: internal carotid nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The internal carotid plexus (carotid plexus) is situated on the lateral side of the internal carotid artery, and in the plexus there occasionally exists a small gangliform swelling, the carotid ganglion, on the under surface of the artery. Postganglionic sympathetic fibres ascend from the superior cervical ganglion, along the walls of the internal carotid artery, to enter the internal carotid plexus. These fibres then distribute to deep structures, which include the levator palpebrae superioris and pupillary dilator muscles. Some of the fibres from the internal carotid plexus converge to form the deep petrosal nerve. The internal carotid plexus communicates with the semilunar ganglion, the abducent nerve, and the sphenopalatine ganglion; it distributes filaments to the wall of the carotid artery, and also communicates with the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_carotid_nerve_plexus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "internal carotid plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "plexus caroticus internus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67533, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:67533
xref: MA:0001162
xref: SCTID:280509006
xref: UMLS:C0459526
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray840.png/200px-Gray840.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Carotid_Nerve_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002025
name: stratum basale of epidermis
namespace: uberon
def: "Deepest layer of the layers of the epidermis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Stratum_germinativum]
comment: consisting of non-keratinized, viable cells, in contrast to the outer (upper) layer of epidermis made up of keratinized, anucleated, non-viable cells
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Malpighian layer" RELATED [BTO:0000438]
synonym: "basal cell layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:67540]
synonym: "basal cell layer of skin" RELATED []
synonym: "epidermal basal stratum" EXACT [TAO:0001180]
synonym: "epidermis basal layer" RELATED []
synonym: "epidermis stratum basale" EXACT []
synonym: "epidermis stratum germinativum" RELATED []
synonym: "rete Malphighii" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum Malphighi" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum basalis of epidermis" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum germinativum" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010598
xref: BTO:0000438
xref: FMA:67540
xref: MA:0000803
xref: SCTID:419481005
xref: TAO:0001180
xref: UMLS:C0221925
xref: XAO:0000041
xref: ZFA:0001180
xref: ncithesaurus:Rete_Malpighii
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Basale
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002026
name: stratum spinosum of epidermis
namespace: uberon
def: "a layer of the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale. Has cells that produce and secrete bipolar lipids which prevent evaporation, helping to 'water-proof' the skin. Keratinization begins in the stratum spinosum." [Wikipedia:Stratum_spinosum]
synonym: "epidermis prickle cell layer" RELATED []
synonym: "epidermis stratum spinosum" EXACT []
synonym: "prickle cell layer" RELATED [BTO:0000435]
synonym: "prickle cell layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:67542]
synonym: "squamous cell layer of epidermis" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum malphighii" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum spinosum" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000435
xref: FMA:67542
xref: MA:0000807
xref: SCTID:420086000
xref: UMLS:C0221924
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Spinosum
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002025 ! stratum basale of epidermis
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002069 ! stratum granulosum of epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002027
name: stratum corneum of epidermis
namespace: uberon
def: "outermost cornified layer of the epidermis, composed of large, flat, polyhedral, plate-like envelopes filled with keratin, which is made up of dead cells that have migrated up from the stratum granulosum." [Wikipedia:Stratum_corneum]
comment: Note that some oral epitehlium also has cornified layer / stratum corneum
synonym: "cornified layer" EXACT []
synonym: "epidermis stratum corneum" EXACT []
synonym: "horny layer" BROAD [BTO:0000344]
synonym: "horny layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:67545]
synonym: "stratum corneum" BROAD []
synonym: "stratum corneum epidermidis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stratum_corneum]
xref: AAO:0010597
xref: BTO:0000344
xref: FMA:67545
xref: MA:0000804
xref: SCTID:361695002
xref: UMLS:C0221921
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Epidermal_layers.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Skinlayers.png/200px-Skinlayers.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Corneum
is_a: UBERON:0003055  ! periderm
property_value: external_definition "The keratinized outermost layer of the epidermis, which is periodically shed.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "this skin layer is composed mainly of dead cells that lack nuclei. As these dead cells slough off on the surface in the thin air-filled stratum disjunctum, they are continuously replaced by new cells from the stratum germinativum (basale). In the human forearm, for example, about 1300 cells/cm2/hr are shed. This outer layer that is sloughed off is also known as the stratum dysjunctum. Cells of the stratum corneum contain keratin, a protein that helps keep the skin hydrated by preventing water evaporation. These cells can also absorb water, further aiding in hydration, and explaining why humans and other animals experience wrinkling of the skin on the fingers and toes ('pruning') when immersed in water for prolonged periods. In addition, this layer is responsible for the 'spring back' or stretchy properties of skin. A weak glutenous protein bond pulls the skin back to its natural shape. The thickness of the stratum corneum varies according to the amount of protection and/or grip required by a region of the body. For example, the hands are typically used to grasp objects, requiring the palms to be covered with a thick stratum corneum. In a similar manner, the sole of the foot is prone to injury, and so it is protected with a thick stratum corneum layer. In general, the stratum corneum contains 15 to 20 layers of dead cells. The stratum corneum has a thickness between 10 and 40 N<m. n reptiles, the stratum corneum is permanent, and is replaced only during times of rapid growth, in a process called ecdysis or moulting. The stratum corneum in reptiles contains beta-keratin, which provides a much more rigid skin layer." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002028
name: hindbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain. In mammals and birds the hindbrain is divided into a rostral metencephalon and a caudal myelencephalon. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata (From: Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain)[ZFA]. Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Rhombencephalon, ZFA:0000029, ZFIN:curator]
comment: in MA, brainstem and hindbrain and part-of siblings under brain, consistent with FMA and NIF. See also notes for cerebellum. We weaken the relation in ABA to overlaps
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "rhombencephalon" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010150
xref: ABA:HB
xref: BTO:0000672
xref: EFO:0000923
xref: EHDAA2:0000746
xref: EHDAA:3514
xref: EHDAA:6487
xref: EMAPA:16916
xref: FMA:67687
xref: MA:0000195
xref: MAT:0000107
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810
xref: MIAA:0000107
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_942
xref: TAO:0000029
xref: UMLS:C0035507
xref: VHOG:0000070
xref: XAO:0000015
xref: ZFA:0000029
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hind-Brain
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003076 ! posterior neural tube
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007277 ! presumptive hindbrain
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001891
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001894
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from hindbrain neural tube (TAO:0007043)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Posterior part of the brain consisting of the cerebellum and medulla oblongata.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain, forming the rhombencephalon and all or most of the metencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "rhombencephalic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002029
name: epithelium of gall bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "the simple columnar epithelial lining of the gall bladder." [MP:0009492]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "biliary epithelium" RELATED []
synonym: "epithelial tissue of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gall bladder epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gall bladder epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "gallbladder epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001449
xref: FMA:67711
xref: MA:0001632
xref: UMLS:C1180206
xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002030
name: nipple
namespace: uberon
def: "Projection of skin containing the outlets for 15-20 lactiferous ducts arranged cylindrically around the tip." [FMA:67771, Wikipedia:Nipple]
comment: Notes: a male mouse has no nipples - mammary tissue regresses during embryonic development. FMA makes this part of the breast, whereas in MA it is part of the mammary gland -
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "papilla mammae" EXACT [MP:0009723]
synonym: "papilla mammaria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nipple]
synonym: "papilla of breast" EXACT []
synonym: "papillary part of breast" EXACT []
synonym: "teat" EXACT []
synonym: "thele" EXACT [MP:0009723]
synonym: "thelium" EXACT [MP:0009723]
xref: BTO:0000821
xref: FMA:67771
xref: GAID:35
xref: MA:0000796
xref: MESH:A01.236.500
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKi5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:265780004
xref: UMLS:C0028109
xref: galen:Nipple
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Female_nipple_profile.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Female_nipple_profile.jpg/200px-Female_nipple_profile.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Nipple
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008425 ! mammary ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000310 ! breast

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002031
name: epithelium of bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "bronchi epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchial trunk epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001845
xref: EFO:0000307
xref: FMA:67782
xref: MA:0001839
xref: UMLS:C0599333
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchial_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004815  ! lower respiratory tract epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002034
name: suprachiasmatic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The suprachiasmatic nucleus, or nuclei, (SCN), a tiny region on the brain's midline in a shallow impression of the optic chiasm, is responsible for controlling endogenous circadian rhythms. The neuronal and hormonal activities it generates regulate many different body functions over a 24-hour period. The SCN, pine cone shaped and the size of a grain of rice, interacts with many other regions of the brain. It contains several cell types and several different peptides and neurotransmitters. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Suprachiasmatic_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "SCN" RELATED [BTO:0001822]
synonym: "nucleus suprachiasmaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Suprachiasmatic_nucleus]
synonym: "suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:SCH
xref: BM:Die-Hy-SCN
xref: BTO:0001822
xref: EFO:0002475
xref: EV:0100228
xref: FMA:67883
xref: GAID:645
xref: MA:0000843
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.625
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1325
xref: SCTID:369132004
xref: TAO:0000441
xref: UMLS:C0038866
xref: VHOG:0000036
xref: XAO:0004072
xref: ZFA:0000441
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Suprachiasmatic_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007251  ! preoptic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002035
name: medial preoptic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial preoptic nucleus is bounded laterally by the lateral preoptic nucleus, and medially by the preoptic periventricular nucleus. It releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone, controls copulation in males, and is larger in males than in females.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_preoptic_nucleus#Medial_preoptic_nucleus, Wikipedia:Sexually_dimorphic_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "medial preoptic hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:MPN
xref: FMA:67890
xref: MA:0000840
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_706
xref: SCTID:369128005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007251  ! preoptic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007769 ! medial preoptic region
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002036
name: striated muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Tissue which consists of striated muscle fibers surrounded by endomysium. Examples: Skeletal muscle tissue, Cardiac muscle tissue[FMA]." [FMA:67905, Wikipedia:Striated_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "striated muscle" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010762
xref: AEO:0000140
xref: EHDAA2:0003140
xref: FMA:67905
xref: MA:0002438
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAoze5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C1331262
xref: WBbt:0005779
xref: galen:StriatedMuscle
xref: ncithesaurus:Striated_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
property_value: external_definition "Voluntary muscle tissue arranged in bundles of fibers.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002037
name: cerebellum
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem. It is concerned with the coordination of movement[MESH]. A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum , and formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe[BTO]. Brain structure derived from the anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain. The cerebellum plays a role in somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone, and balance[ZFA]." [BTO:0000232, ISBN:3764351209, MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.200, ZFA:0000100, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3291162&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: note that almost all AOs agree that the cerebellum is part of the hindbrain (sometimes specifically part of the metencephalon, which, when present, is part of the hindbrain). However, ABA has cerebellum and brain stem as partof siblings, with the hindbrain part of the brainstem
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epencephalon-1" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010485
xref: ABA:CB
xref: BM:CB
xref: BTO:0000232
xref: EFO:0000327
xref: EHDAA2:0000232
xref: EMAPA:17787
xref: EV:0100293
xref: FMA:67944
xref: GAID:595
xref: MA:0000198
xref: MAT:0000110
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.200
xref: MIAA:0000110
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1489
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvl1eipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180924008
xref: TAO:0000100
xref: UMLS:C0007765
xref: VHOG:0000024
xref: XAO:0003098
xref: ZFA:0000100
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cerebellum_NIH.png/200px-Cerebellum_NIH.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006215 ! rhombic lip
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001893
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002298
property_value: external_definition "Dorsal part of the hindbrain that coordinates muscle movement, posture, and balance.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Specialized brain region derived from the dorsal metencephalon (anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain) and becoming distinctive late in the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cerebellar" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "However, although the lamprey possesses a region comparable to the cerebellum and display expression of LjFgf8/17 at the MHB  (midbrain hindbrain boundary), it does not have Purkinje cells and cerebellar nuclei, as well as components of the rhombic lip-derived cerebellar and pre-cerebellar systems. It is noteworthy that the latter structures require specific expression of Pax6 in the rhombic lip of the gnathostome hindbrain. Interestingly, the lamprey rhombic lip does not express Pax6. Thus, it is tempting to speculate that in vertebrate evolution the rostral hindbrain is incapable of differentiating into the cerebellum before the co-option of Pax6 in that region. In other words, cerebellum has been brought about as an evolutionary innovation in gnathostomes, based on exaptation of MHB, rhombic lip, and some regulatory gene expression already present in the vertebrate common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002038
name: substantia nigra
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the midbrain anterior to the midbrain tegmentum which contains darkly pigmented neurons[FMA]." [FMA:67947, Wikipedia:Substantia_nigra]
comment: TODO: In BTO and NIF, part of basal ganglion which is part of telencephalon - but this is inconsistent with being part of midbrain, if these are spatially disjoint, as in ABA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Soemmering's substance" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of basis pedunculi" EXACT []
synonym: "substancia nigra" RELATED [Wikipedia:Substantia_nigra]
xref: BTO:0000143
xref: EFO:0000922
xref: EHDAA2:0004711
xref: EV:0100247
xref: FMA:67947
xref: GAID:581
xref: MA:0000210
xref: MAT:0000504
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.687
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_789
xref: SCTID:279286002
xref: UMLS:C0038590
xref: VHOG:0001573
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Midbraincrosssection.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Midbraincrosssection.png/200px-Midbraincrosssection.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Substantia_Nigra
is_a: UBERON:0009661  ! midbrain nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 ! basal ganglion
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the substantia nigra first appears in reptiles and is best developed in primates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002039
name: inferior phrenic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The Inferior Phrenic Veins drain the diaphragm and follow the course of the inferior phrenic arteries; the right ends in the inferior vena cava; the left is often represented by two branches, one of which ends in the left renal or suprarenal vein, while the other passes in front of the esophageal hiatus in the diaphragm and opens into the inferior vena cava. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_phrenic_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "venae phrenicae inferiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_phrenic_vein]
xref: FMA:68068
xref: MA:0002195
xref: SCTID:286500002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray577.png
is_a: UBERON:0012193  ! phrenic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002040
name: bronchial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the bronchial arteries help supply the lungs with oxygenated blood. Although there is much variation, there are usually two bronchial arteries that run to the left lung, and one to the right lung. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Bronchial_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchial arterial tree" EXACT []
synonym: "rami bronchiales partis thoracicae aortae, arteriae bronchiales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Bronchial_artery]
xref: EMAPA:18608
xref: FMA:68109
xref: GAID:477
xref: MA:0001923
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.158
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4r4sy0UiNbEd2AAAACs6hRXg
xref: SCTID:244247009
xref: UMLS:C0006257
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Gray1032.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gray1032.png/200px-Gray1032.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002041
name: terminal bronchus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: FMA:68416
xref: MA:0000440
is_a: UBERON:0002185  ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002042
name: endothelium of lymphatic vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a lymphatic vessel [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "endothelium of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic endothelium" EXACT [BTO:0004303]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel endothelium" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004303
xref: FMA:68444
xref: MA:0000750
xref: MESH:A10.272.491.332
xref: TAO:0005258
xref: UMLS:C1180786
xref: ZFA:0005258
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_Vessel_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004852  ! cardiovascular system endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel
property_value: external_definition "The vascular endothelium that lines the lymph vessels.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002043
name: dorsal raphe nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A large raphe nucleus extending from the anterior part of the pons through the mesencephalon; its neurons are serotoninergic[NIF]. The dorsal raphe nucleus is a part of the raphe nucleus and consists of rostral and caudal subdivisions. The rostral aspect of the dorsal raphe is further divided into interfascicular, ventral, ventrolateral and dorsal subnuclei. The projections of the dorsal raphe have been found to vary topographically, and thus the subnuclei differ in their projections. An increased number of cells in the lateral aspects of the dorsal raphe is characteristic of humans and other primates. [WP,unvetted]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_982, Wikipedia:Dorsal_raphe_nucleus, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3248146&group_id=36855]
comment: TODO check dorsal vs inferior. ZF has no pons.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cell group b7" EXACT [FMA:68462]
synonym: "dorsal nucleus of the raphe" EXACT [BrainInfo:512, FMA:68462]
synonym: "dorsal nucleus raphe" EXACT [FMA:68462]
synonym: "dorsal raphe" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_982]
synonym: "inferior raphe nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021724]
synonym: "nucleus raphe posterior, nucleus raphe dorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_raphe_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus raphes dorsalis" EXACT [BTO:0002434, BrainInfo:512]
synonym: "nucleus raphes posterior" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002434, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior raphe nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68462, GO:0021724]
xref: ABA:DR
xref: BM:MB-DR
xref: BTO:0002434
xref: EFO:0001919
xref: FMA:68462
xref: MA:0002980
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_982
xref: TAO:0000366
xref: ZFA:0000366
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Drn.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Drn.png/200px-Drn.png
is_a: UBERON:0007415  ! nucleus of midbrain reticular formation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002639 ! midbrain reticular formation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 ! raphe nuclei
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002145

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002044
name: ventral nucleus of posterior commissure
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "Darkshevich's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68464]
synonym: "nucleus of Darkschewitsch" EXACT [FMA:68464]
xref: ABA:ND
xref: BM:MB-D
xref: FMA:68464
xref: MA:0001072
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_896
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002551

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002045
name: cuneate nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the dorsal column nuclei, the cuneate nucleus is a wedge-shaped nucleus in the closed part of the medulla oblongata. It contains cells that give rise to the cuneate tubercle, visible on the posterior aspect of the medulla. It lies laterally to the gracile nucleus and medial to the spinal trigeminal nucleus in the medulla. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cuneate_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Burdach's nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "burdachs nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2640]
synonym: "cuneate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2640]
synonym: "nucleus cuneatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cuneate_nucleus]
xref: ABA:CU
xref: BM:Me-Cu
xref: FMA:68465
xref: MA:0001035
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2640
xref: SCTID:369072005
xref: UMLS:C0228548
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray691.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cuneate_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002161

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002046
name: thyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A two-lobed endocrine gland found in all vertebrates, located in front of and on either side of the trachea in humans, and producing various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin[BTO]." [BTO:0001379, Wikipedia:Thyroid]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "glandula thyroidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid]
synonym: "thyroid" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010544
xref: BTO:0001379
xref: EFO:0000861
xref: EHDAA2:0002028
xref: EHDAA:2148
xref: EHDAA:2975
xref: EMAPA:17068
xref: EMAPA:18827
xref: EV:0100133
xref: FMA:9603
xref: GAID:465
xref: MA:0000129
xref: MAT:0000081
xref: MESH:A06.407.900
xref: MIAA:0000081
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181117000
xref: UMLS:C0040132
xref: VHOG:0000418
xref: XAO:0000162
xref: galen:ThyroidGland
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Illu_thyroid_parathyroid.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Illu_endocrine_system.jpg/200px-Illu_endocrine_system.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007689 ! thyroid diverticulum
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
property_value: external_definition "Either of paired structures located in the throat which develop from the ventral wall of the pharynx and excretes hormones involved in the morphological and functional changes during metamorphosis as well as influencing other tissues.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (2) a groove in the pharyngeal floor known as the endostyle, or a thyroid gland derived from part of the endostyle (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In fish, it is usually located below the gills and is not always divided into distinct lobes. However, in some teleosts, patches of thyroid tissue are found elsewhere in the body, associated with the kidneys, spleen, heart, or eyes" xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In larval lampreys, the thyroid originates as an exocrine gland, secreting its hormones into the gut, and associated with the larva's filter-feeding apparatus. In the adult lamprey, the gland separates from the gut, and becomes endocrine, but this path of development may reflect the evolutionary origin of the thyroid. For instance, the closest living relatives of vertebrates, the tunicates and Amphioxus, have a structure very similar to that of larval lampreys, and this also secretes iodine-containing compounds (albeit not thyroxine)" xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In tetrapods, the thyroid is always found somewhere in the neck region. In most tetrapod species, there are two paired thyroid glands - that is, the right and left lobes are not joined together. However, there is only ever a single thyroid gland in most mammals, and the shape found in humans is common to many other species" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002047
name: pontine raphe nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Pontine raphe nucleus is one of the raphe nuclei. It is located in the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_raphe_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus raphes pontis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pontine_raphe_nucleus]
synonym: "raphe of pons" EXACT []
synonym: "raphe pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68875, FMA:TA]
synonym: "raphe pontis nucleus" RELATED []
xref: ABA:RPO
xref: FMA:68875
xref: MA:0001022
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1110
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 ! raphe nuclei
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002048
name: lung
namespace: uberon
def: "Respiration organ present in all air-breathing animals whose principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere[WP]. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax[GO]." [BTO:0000763, Wikipedia:Lung]
comment: respiration organ in all air-breathing animals, including most tetrapods, a few fish and a few snails. In mammals and the more complex life forms, the two lungs are located in the chest on either side of the heart. Their principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere. This exchange of gases is accomplished in the mosaic of specialized cells that form millions of tiny, exceptionally thin-walled air sacs called alveoli. // Avian lungs do not have alveoli as mammalian lungs do, they have Faveolar lungs. They contain millions of tiny passages known as para-bronchi, connected at both ends by the dorsobronchi // Snakes and limbless lizards typically possess only the right lung as a major respiratory organ; the left lung is greatly reduced, or even absent. Amphisbaenians, however, have the opposite arrangement, with a major left lung, and a reduced or absent right lung [WP]
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pulmo" EXACT LATIN []
xref: AAO:0000275
xref: AAO:0010567
xref: BTO:0000763
xref: EFO:0000934
xref: EHDAA2:0001042
xref: EHDAA:1554
xref: EHDAA:2205
xref: EMAPA:16728
xref: EV:0100042
xref: FMA:7195
xref: GAID:345
xref: MA:0000415
xref: MAT:0000135
xref: MESH:A04.411
xref: MIAA:0000135
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181216001
xref: UMLS:C0024109
xref: VHOG:0000310
xref: XAO:0000119
xref: galen:Lung
xref: ncithesaurus:Lung
is_a: UBERON:0000117  ! respiratory tube
is_a: UBERON:0000171  ! respiration organ
is_a: UBERON:0005178  ! thoracic cavity organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000118 ! lung bud
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs
property_value: external_definition "Either of two organs which allow gas exchange absorbing oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide with exhaled air.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pulmonary" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata. (...) In actinopterygian fishes, apart from Cladistia, the ventral intestinal pocket migrates dorsally and becomes the swim-bladder, a mainly hydrostatical organ (reference 1); Comparative transcriptome analyses indicate molecular homology of zebrafish swimbladder and Mammalian lung (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002049
name: vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "an interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism[ZFA]. Examples: vasculature of lung, vasculature of face." [ZFA:0005249]
comment: see also: vascular system. Consider merging?
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "vascular network" EXACT [FMA:69050]
xref: BTO:0003718
xref: FMA:69050
xref: TAO:0005249
xref: ZFA:0005249
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg/200px-Circulatory_System_en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000055 ! vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007798 ! vascular system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002050
name: embryonic structure
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that is part of an embryo." [BTO:0000174, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Note in FMA embryo is_a embryonic structure
subset: inconsistent_with_fma  ! classes that have some inconsistency with FMA
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "developing embryonic structure" EXACT [FBbt:00004208]
synonym: "developing structure" RELATED []
synonym: "embryonale Struktur" RELATED [BTO:0000174]
synonym: "embryonic anatomical structure" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003169]
xref: AAO:0000138
xref: AEO:0000125
xref: BILA:0000034
xref: BTO:0000174
xref: EFO:0000461
xref: FBbt:00004208
xref: FMA:69067
xref: GAID:407
xref: MESH:A16
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003169
xref: SCTID:667009
xref: TAO:0001105
xref: UMLS:C0013948
xref: VSAO:0000178
xref: XAO:0003042
xref: ZFA:0001105
xref: ncithesaurus:Embryonic_Structure
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002051
name: epithelium of bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note that in FMA2 and FMA3, lobular bronchiole is an exact synonym of bronchiole; however there are two distinct terms for the corresponding epithelium.
synonym: "bronchiolar epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0001866]
synonym: "bronchiole epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001866
xref: FMA:62497
xref: FMA:69077
xref: MA:0001772
xref: UMLS:C1181296
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchiole_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000115  ! lung epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0002031  ! epithelium of bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0003350  ! epithelium of mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005039 ! mucosa of bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002052
name: capsule of adrenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A capsule that surrounds a adrenal gland." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "adrenal gland capsule" EXACT []
xref: FMA:69087
xref: MA:0000117
xref: UMLS:C1181304
xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Gland_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002053
name: zona glomerulosa of adrenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland is the most superficial layer of the adrenal cortex, lying directly beneath the adrenal gland's capsule. Its cells are ovoid in shape and are arranged in clusters or arches. In response to increased potassium levels, renin or decreased blood flow to the kidneys, cells of the zona glomerulosa produce and secrete the mineralocorticoid aldosterone into the blood as part of the renin-angiotensin system. Aldosterone regulates the body's concentration of electrolytes, primarily sodium and potassium, by acting on the distal convoluted tubule of kidney nephrons to: increase sodium reabsorption increase potassium excretion increase water reabsorption through osmosis The enzyme aldosterone synthase acts in this location. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zona_glomerulosa]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "adrenal gland zona glomerulosa" EXACT [MA:0001891]
synonym: "glomerulosa" RELATED [BTO:0000048]
synonym: "zona glomerulosa" EXACT []
synonym: "zona glomerulosa of suprarenal gland" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000048
xref: FMA:69225
xref: GAID:449
xref: MA:0001891
xref: MESH:A06.407.071.140.960
xref: SCTID:21476003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png
is_a: UBERON:0009753  ! adrenal gland cortex zone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002054
name: zona fasciculata of adrenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The zona fasciculata constitutes the middle zone of the adrenal cortex, sitting directly beneath the zona glomerulosa. Constituent cells are organized into bundles or 'fascicles'. The zona fasciculata chiefly produces glucocorticoids (mainly cortisol in the human), which regulates the metabolism of glucose, especially in times of stress (e.g. , part of the fight-or-flight response). This tissue also generates a small amount of weak androgens. In certain animals such as rodents, the lack of 17alpha-hydroxylase results in the synthesis of corticosterone instead of cortisol. Steroid-producing adrenal tumours and hyperplasias of the zona fasciculata result in excess cortisol production and are the cause for adrenal Cushing's syndrome. The genetic disorder McCune-Albright syndrome can also present Cushing's syndrome in affected patients. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zona_fasciculata]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "adrenal gland zona fasciculata" EXACT [MA:0001890]
synonym: "zona fasciculata" EXACT [BTO:0000050]
synonym: "zona fasciculata of suprarenal gland" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000050
xref: FMA:69234
xref: GAID:448
xref: MA:0001890
xref: MESH:A06.407.071.140.950
xref: SCTID:56069004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png
is_a: UBERON:0009753  ! adrenal gland cortex zone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002055
name: zona reticularis of adrenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The zona reticularis is the innermost layer of the adrenal cortex, lying deep to the zona fasciculata and superficial to the adrenal medulla. The cells are arranged cords that project in different directions giving a net-like appearance (L. reticulum - net). Cells in the zona reticularis produce precursor androgens including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione from cholesterol. DHEA is further converted to DHEA-sulfate via a sulfotransferase, SULT2A1. These precursors are not further converted in the adrenal cortex as the cells lack 3N2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Instead, they are released into the blood stream and taken up in the testis and ovaries to produce testosterone and the estrogens respectively. In some animals like rodents, the reticularis layer does contain 3N2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which along with other enzymes present results in the production of corticosteroids like the fasciculata. In rodents too, the lack of 17alpha-hydroxylase results in the synthesis of corticosterone instead of cortisol as in the human. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zona_reticularis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "adrenal gland zona reticularis" EXACT [MA:0001892]
synonym: "zona reticularis" EXACT []
synonym: "zona reticularis of suprarenal gland" EXACT []
xref: FMA:69236
xref: GAID:450
xref: MA:0001892
xref: MESH:A06.407.071.140.970
xref: SCTID:47325000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png
is_a: UBERON:0009753  ! adrenal gland cortex zone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002056
name: inferior suprarenal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Each renal artery gives off some small inferior suprarenal branches to the suprarenal gland, the ureter, and the surrounding cellular tissue and muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_suprarenal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria suprarenalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_suprarenal_artery]
xref: FMA:69264
xref: MA:0002056
xref: SCTID:303426004
xref: UMLS:C0226334
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Gray1121.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gray1121.png/200px-Gray1121.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Suprarenal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0005624  ! suprarenal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002057
name: phrenic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An artery that supplies the diaphragm. In humans this includes the superior and inferior phrenic arteries" [UBERON:cjm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:69330
xref: MA:0002019
xref: UMLS:C1181536
xref: ncithesaurus:Phrenic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm
intersection_of: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002058
name: ciliary ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The ciliary ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located in the posterior orbit. It measures 1b2 millimeters in diameter and contains approximately 2,500 neurons. Preganglionic axons from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus form synapses with these cells. The postganglionic axons run in the short ciliary nerves and innervate two eye muscles: the sphincter pupillae constricts the pupil, known as Miosis. The opposite, Mydriasis, is the dilation of the pupil. the ciliaris muscle contracts, releasing tension on the Zonular Fibers, making the lens more convex, also known as accommodation. Both of these muscles are involuntary b they are controlled by the autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck.. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_ganglion]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ganglion ciliare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ciliary_ganglion]
xref: EFO:0002559
xref: EHDAA2:0000251
xref: EHDAA:5623
xref: EMAPA:18222
xref: FMA:6964
xref: MA:0001136
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100304
xref: SCTID:279281007
xref: VHOG:0000805
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Augennerven.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Augennerven.jpg/200px-Augennerven.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0001808  ! parasympathetic ganglion
property_value: homology_notes "Little is known about the development of parasympathetic neurons apart from the ciliary ganglion in chicks. Although there are considerable gaps in our knowledge, some of the mechanisms controlling sympathetic and enteric neuron development appear to be conserved between mammals, avians and zebrafish.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002059
name: submandibular ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The submandibular ganglion (or submaxillary ganglion in older texts) is part of the human autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck.. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submandibular_ganglion]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Blandin`s ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0001318]
synonym: "ganglion submandibulare" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001318, Wikipedia:Submandibular_ganglion]
synonym: "lingual ganglion" RELATED [MA:0002470, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=2979467&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
synonym: "maxillary ganglion" RELATED [MA:0002470]
synonym: "submaxillary ganglion" RELATED [MA:0002470]
xref: BTO:0001318
xref: EHDAA2:0001942
xref: EHDAA:6710
xref: FMA:6966
xref: MA:0002470
xref: SCTID:279282000
xref: UMLS:C0229063
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Gray778.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/Gray778.png/200px-Gray778.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Submandibular_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001808  ! parasympathetic ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002060
name: femoral artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The femoral artery is a large artery in the muscles of the thigh. It is a continuation of external iliac artery where it enters the femoral triangle at the mid inguinal point behind the inguinal ligament. It leaves femoral triangle through apex beneath the sartorius muscle. It enters the popliteal fossa by passing through the 5th osseo-aponeurotic(adductor hiatus) opening of adductor magnus where it becomes the Popliteal Artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Femoral_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria femoralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femoral_artery]
xref: AAO:0010222
xref: BTO:0001624
xref: FMA:70248
xref: GAID:494
xref: MA:0001951
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.351
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwHMI05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244332003
xref: UMLS:C0015801
xref: galen:FemoralArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray546.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray546.png/200px-Gray546.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
property_value: external_definition "Artery which supplies blood via branches to the hindlimbs.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002061
name: truncus arteriosus
namespace: uberon
def: "The truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis are divided by the aorticopulmonary septum. The truncus arteriosus gives rise to the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The bulbus cordis gives rise to the smooth parts (outflow tract) of the left and right ventricles." [Wikipedia:Truncus_arteriosus_(embryology)]
comment: AO notes: assume spelling error for ncit
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EHDAA2:0004143
xref: FMA:70301
xref: GAID:554
xref: MA:0000103
xref: MESH:A07.541.278.930
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rquH9YKgNEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: SCTID:308828009
xref: UMLS:C1519589
xref: ncithesaurus:Trancus_Arteriosus
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003498  ! heart blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005432 ! aortic sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005498 ! primitive heart tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002062
name: endocardial cushion
namespace: uberon
def: "The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves[GO]. Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves[ZFA]." [GO:0003197, Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_cushions, ZFIN:curator]
comment: GO graph seems to suggest this is an endothelium. WP: The endocardial cushions are thought to arise from a subset of endothelial cells that undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transformation, a process whereby these cells break cell-to-cell contacts and migrate into the cardiac jelly (towards to interior of the heart tube). Latest (2010-06-01) new def suggested for GO, added above. Note that EHDAA2 has a more detailed model which we may later adopt. JB: Patterning makes the cushions lay down connective tissue in three domains that force out the local endothelial lining and so the leaflets form
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "AV cushion" EXACT []
synonym: "atrioventricular cushion" EXACT [Wikipedia:Endocardial_cushion]
synonym: "cardiac cushion" EXACT [PMID:15797462]
synonym: "endocardial cushion tissue" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000434]
synonym: "endocardial cushions" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: EHDAA2:0000434
xref: EHDAA2:0004028
xref: EHDAA:2586
xref: EMAPA:16696
xref: FMA:70302
xref: MA:0000078
xref: TAO:0001317
xref: VHOG:0000932
xref: XAO:0004189
xref: ZFA:0001317
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray465.png/200px-Gray465.png
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0009751  ! cardiac mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from endocardial ring (TAO:0005072)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (Cardiac valve formation in vertebrates) In response to a myocardial signal, endocardial cells at chamber boundaries take on a mesenchymal character, delaminate and migrate into the cardiac jelly. There, they form an endocardial cushion that is later remodelled into a valve.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002063
name: sinus venosus
namespace: uberon
def: "The sinus venosus is a large quadrangular cavity which precedes the atrium on the venous side of the chordate heart. In humans, it exists distinctly only in the embryonic heart, where it is found between the two venae cavae. In the adult, it is incorporated into the wall of the right atrium to form a smooth part called the sinus venarum, also known as the venarum sinus, which is separated from the rest of the atrium by a ridge of fibres called the crista terminalis. The sinus venosus also forms the SA node and the coronary sinus. In the embryo, the thin walls of the sinus venosus are connected below with the right ventricle, and medially with the left atrium, but are free in the rest of their extent. It receives blood from the vitelline vein, umbilical vein and common cardinal vein. It originally starts as a paired structure but shifts towards associating only with the right atrium as the embryonic heart develops. The left portion shrinks in size and eventually forms the coronary sinus and oblique vein of the left atrium, whereas the right part becomes incorporated into the right atrium to form the sinus venarum." [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus]
comment: In zebrafish, \"the sinus venosus also acts as a pacemaker and is the first to contract\"[ZFA:0000154]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "inflow tract" EXACT [ZFA:0000154]
synonym: "sinus venarum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus]
synonym: "sinus venosus cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus]
synonym: "venarum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus]
synonym: "venarum sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus]
synonym: "venosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus]
xref: AAO:0010505
xref: EHDAA2:0001839
xref: EHDAA:480
xref: EMAPA:16237
xref: FMA:70303
xref: TAO:0000154
xref: UMLS:C0225857
xref: UMLS:C0231084
xref: VHOG:0000177
xref: ZFA:0000154
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Gray465.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray465.png/200px-Gray465.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sinus_Venarum
xref: ncithesaurus:Sinus_Venosus
is_a: UBERON:0004151  ! cardiac chamber
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007278 ! presumptive sinus venosus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart
disjoint_from: UBERON:0006615  ! venous sinus
property_value: external_definition "Heart region collecting blood from the paired common cardinal veins and delivering to the atrium. One of four components of the heart. The sinus venosus also acts as a pacemaker and is the first to contract. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system which receives blood from the systemic veins and contracts to pump the blood into the atrium of the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002064
name: common cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Either of a pair of large transverse venous sinuses that conduct blood from the cardinal veins to the sinus venosus of the vertebrate embryo[BTO]." [BTO:0004388, Wikipedia:Common_cardinal_veins]
comment: Taxon notes: Paired in gnathostomes; with only a vestige of the right duct in the adult hagfish (21) and the left duct atrophying at metamorphosis in the lamprey (22)[PMID:20959416, S1]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Cuvierian duct" RELATED []
synonym: "duct of Cuvier" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011033
xref: BTO:0004388
xref: EHDAA:1314
xref: EMAPA:16356
xref: FMA:70308
xref: SCTID:308783008
xref: TAO:0000186
xref: UMLS:C0231083
xref: VHOG:0000112
xref: XAO:0000373
xref: ZFA:0000186
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray477.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray477.svg/200px-Gray477.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Cardinal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004344  ! cardinal vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of cardinal system (TAO:0000096)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Bilaterally paired longitudinal vein; the anterior cardinal returns blood from the head, and the posterior cardinal returns it from the trunk; these two vessels join together on each side as the common cardinal vein (duct of Cuvier; misnamed the vitelline vein) that leads across the yolk cell to the heart's sinus venosus. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Bilaterally paired longitudinal vein; the anterior cardinal returns blood from the head, and the posterior cardinal returns it from the trunk; these two vessels join together on each side as the common cardinal vein, also known as the duct of Cuvier that leads to the heart's sinus venosus.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryonic pattern is retained, and blood from anterior and posterior systemic tissues is returned in anterior and posterior cardinal veins, both pairs of veins uniting in common cardinal veins near the heart. In derived vertebrates, the cardinals appear but usually persist only in the embryo, being functionally replaced by alternative adult vessels, the precava and postcava (anterior and posterior venae cavae).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002065
name: posterior cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two paired cardinal veins that return blood from the body of the embryo[Kardong]" [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Posterior_cardinal_vein]
comment: ...join with the corresponding right and left cardinal veins to form the left common cardinal veins, which empty in the sinus venosus. Most of the posterior cardinal veins regress, what remains of them forms the renal segment of the inferior vena cava and the common iliac veins. Later in the development stages, the posterior cardinal veins are replaced by the subcardinal and supracardinal veins. The subcardinal veins form part of the inferior vena cava, renal veins and gonadal veins. The supracardinal veins form part of the inferior vena cava, the intercostal veins, hemiazygos vein and azygos vein[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "PCV" RELATED []
synonym: "axial vein" RELATED []
synonym: "caudal cardinal veins" RELATED []
synonym: "inferior cardinal vein" RELATED [http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/pcardio/venen01.html]
synonym: "postcardinal vein" RELATED [AAO:0010511, FMA:70314, Wikipedia:Posterior_cardinal_vein]
xref: AAO:0010511
xref: BTO:0004386
xref: EHDAA2:0001486
xref: EHDAA:1316
xref: EMAPA:16357
xref: FMA:70314
xref: SCTID:308781005
xref: TAO:0000477
xref: UMLS:C0231087
xref: VHOG:0000111
xref: XAO:0000241
xref: ZFA:0000477
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Cardinal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004344  ! cardinal vein
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of axial vasculature (TAO:0001073)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of cardinal system (TAO:0000096)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Continuation of the caudal vein cranial to the anal pore. The cardinal vein splits into a pair of vessels in the cranial trunk, just caudal to the radix of the aorta. The posterior cardinals each empty into the common cardinal vein.  [TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Either of two veins which receive blood as an alternate route from the kidneys.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryonic pattern is retained, and blood from anterior and posterior systemic tissues is returned in anterior and posterior cardinal veins, both pairs of veins uniting in common cardinal veins near the heart. In derived vertebrates, the cardinals appear but usually persist only in the embryo, being functionally replaced by alternative adult vessels, the precava and postcava (anterior and posterior venae cavae).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002067
name: dermis
namespace: uberon
def: "The dermis is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues, and is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Dermis, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Editor notes: Consider adding a layer-of-skin grouping class for all skin layers
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "corium" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000294, Wikipedia:Dermis]
synonym: "cutis" RELATED [BTO:0000294]
synonym: "vertebrate dermis" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000128
xref: BTO:0000294
xref: EFO:0000953
xref: EV:0100154
xref: FMA:70323
xref: GAID:1321
xref: MA:0000152
xref: MAT:0000153
xref: MESH:A17.815.180
xref: MIAA:0000153
xref: SCTID:361696001
xref: TAO:0001119
xref: UMLS:C0011646
xref: VHOG:0000108
xref: XAO:0000217
xref: ZFA:0001119
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/EpidermisPainted.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Dermis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010083 ! future dermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument
property_value: external_definition "A collagenous layer of the skin subjacent to the epidermis and covering the hypodermis. It contains various types of cells (e.g. fibroblasts, pigment cells, nerve, blood vessels and scales. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "dermal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "When approaching controversies surrounding skin evolution, we need to remember that the skin consists of two layers, an epidermis and a dermis, not a single evolving structure. (...) It is little wonder that controversies about homology exist. If we think of the epidermis, the dermis, and their interactions as an evolving unit, then their specialized products (hair, feathers, and reptilian scales) are broadly homologous.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002068
name: urachus
namespace: uberon
def: "A fibrous remnant of the allantoic stalk, a narrow fetal canal connecting the apex of the urinary bladder with the umbilicus located in the space of Retzius, between the transversalis fascia anteriorly and the peritoneum posteriorly. its lumen is normally obliterated during development, transforming the urachus into a solid cord, a functionless remnant that persists throughout life as the median umbilical ligament; failure of complete lumen obliteration may result in distinct congenital urachal remnant anomalies[MP]." [MP:0011852, MP:anna]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EHDAA2:0002137
xref: EHDAA:7016
xref: EHDAA:9332
xref: EMAPA:18323
xref: FMA:70343
xref: GAID:1313
xref: MA:0001701
xref: MESH:A16.254.835
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002138
xref: SCTID:276858000
xref: UMLS:C0041916
xref: VHOG:0000735
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray1156.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray1156.png/200px-Gray1156.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Urachus
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004340 ! allantois
property_value: external_definition "A fetal canal connecting the bladder with the allantois, persisting throughout life as a cord (median umbilical ligament). [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "urachal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002069
name: stratum granulosum of epidermis
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of the epidermis found between the stratum corneum (and possibly stratum lucidum) and stratum spinosum.[1] In this layer, keratinocytes are now called granular cells, and contain keratohyalin and lamellar granules." [Wikipedia:Stratum_granulosum]
synonym: "epidermis granular layer" RELATED []
synonym: "epidermis stratum granulosum" EXACT []
synonym: "granular layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:70344]
synonym: "stratum granulosum" EXACT [BTO:0000361]
xref: BTO:0000361
xref: FMA:70344
xref: MA:0000805
xref: SCTID:418563001
xref: UMLS:C0221923
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Granulosum
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002026 ! stratum spinosum of epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002070
name: superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior pancreaticoduodenal artery is an artery that supplies blood to the duodenum and pancreas. It is a branch of the gastroduodenal artery, which comes from the common hepatic artery of the celiac trunk. The common hepatic itself becomes the proper hepatic after giving off the gastroduodenal artery and goes on to supply the right and left lobes of the liver. The term superior distinguishes the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery from the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, which a branch of the superior mesenteric artery. These arteries, together with the pancreatic branches of the splenic artery, form connections or anastomoses with one another, allowing blood to perfuse the pancreas and duodenum through multiple channels. The artery splits into two branches: the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery supplies the anterior margins of the duodenum and pancreas the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery supplies the posterior margins of these organs [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_pancreaticoduodenal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria pancreaticoduodenalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_pancreaticoduodenal_artery]
synonym: "bauchspeicheldrC<senzwC6lffingerdarmpulsader@de" EXACT [http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/MuscularSystem/Terminology.shtml]
synonym: "superior pancreatico-duodenal artery" EXACT []
synonym: "superior pancreatoduodenal artery" EXACT [http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/MuscularSystem/Terminology.shtml]
xref: FMA:70437
xref: MA:0002015
xref: SCTID:244272009
xref: UMLS:C0226317
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Gray533.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Gray533.png/200px-Gray533.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Pancreatico-Duodenal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0009658  ! pancreaticoduodenal artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010132 ! gastroduodenal artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002071
name: stratum lucidum of epidermis
namespace: uberon
def: "the layer of lightly staining corneocytes found between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers; found primarily in the thick epidermis of the palmar and plantar skin and is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes." [MP:0009610, Wikipedia:Stratum_lucidum]
comment: Located between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers, it is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes. The keratinocytes of the stratum lucidum do not feature distinct boundaries and are filled with eleidin, an intermediate form of keratin.
synonym: "epidermis stratum lucidum" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum conjunctum of epidermis" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum lucidum" BROAD [BTO:0000364]
xref: BTO:0000364
xref: FMA:70540
xref: MA:0000806
xref: SCTID:419156002
xref: UMLS:C0221922
xref: UMLS:C1514985
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Conjunctum
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Lucidum
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002027 ! stratum corneum of epidermis
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002069 ! stratum granulosum of epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002072
name: hypodermis
namespace: uberon
def: "Lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages. It is derived from the mesoderm, but unlike the dermis, it is not derived from the dermatome region of the mesoderm. The hypodermis is used mainly for fat storage[WP]. A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane. It contains pigment cells[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Hypodermis]
comment: AO Notes: BTO has 'subcutis', as part of dermis. We follow FMA in having distinct classes for hypoderis and superficial fascia, and including these as part of the non-skin intgeument.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hypoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "sub-tegumental tissue" RELATED [BTO:0004525]
synonym: "subcutaneous tissue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hypodermis]
synonym: "subcutis" RELATED []
synonym: "subtegumental tissue" RELATED [BTO:0004525]
synonym: "superficial fascia" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "tela subcutanea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypodermis]
synonym: "vertebrate hypodermis" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001314
xref: FMA:70544
xref: TAO:0001136
xref: UMLS:C0278403
xref: ZFA:0001136
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Skin.svg/200px-Skin.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Subcutis
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument
property_value: external_definition "A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane.  It contains pigment cells. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "hypodermal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002075
name: viscus
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is located within the body cavity (or in its extension, in the scrotum); it consists of organ parts that are embryologically derived from endoderm, splanchnic mesoderm or intermediate mesoderm; together with other organs, the viscus constitutes the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive and immune systems, or is the central organ of the cardiovascular system. Examples: heart, lung, esophagus, kidney, ovary, spleen. // An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper." [BTO:0001491, Wikipedia:Viscus]
comment: general anatomical term in FMA. Note that we place the MA class here temporarily, although properly systems should be distinguished from organs
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "viscera" RELATED []
synonym: "visceral organ" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002201]
synonym: "visceral organ system" EXACT [MA:0000019]
xref: AAO:0010386
xref: BTO:0001491
xref: EHDAA:512
xref: EMAPA:16245
xref: FMA:7085
xref: MA:0000019
xref: MESH:A01.960
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002201
xref: SCTID:118760003
xref: UMLS:C0042779
xref: XAO:0003034
xref: ncithesaurus:Viscera
is_a: UBERON:0005177  ! trunk organ
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
property_value: external_definition "An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002078
name: right atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "Right cardiac chamber which is continuous with the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_atrium]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "atrium dextrum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_atrium]
synonym: "cardiac right atrium" EXACT []
synonym: "heart right atrium" EXACT []
synonym: "right atrium of heart" EXACT []
synonym: "right cardiac atrium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010248
xref: BTO:0001703
xref: EHDAA2:0000290
xref: EMAPA:17321
xref: FMA:7096
xref: MA:0000075
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4runNcs6fqEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rDJ89oqgPEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: SCTID:244383003
xref: UMLS:C0225844
xref: VHOG:0000328
xref: XAO:0003192
xref: galen:RightAtrium
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Atrium
is_a: UBERON:0002081  ! cardiac atrium
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0002081  ! cardiac atrium
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002079
name: left atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "Left cardiac chamber which is continuous with the pulmonary venous trunk.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_atrium]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "atrium sinistrum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_atrium]
synonym: "cardiac left atrium" EXACT []
synonym: "heart left atrium" EXACT []
synonym: "left atrium of heart" EXACT []
synonym: "left cardiac atrium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010247
xref: BTO:0001702
xref: EHDAA2:0000275
xref: EMAPA:17315
xref: FMA:7097
xref: MA:0000074
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rkJN1AagEEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rDJ89oqgPEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: SCTID:244387002
xref: UMLS:C0225860
xref: VHOG:0000369
xref: XAO:0003191
xref: galen:LeftAtrium
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Atrium
is_a: UBERON:0002081  ! cardiac atrium
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0002081  ! cardiac atrium
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002080
name: heart right ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Right cardiac chamber which is continuous with the pulmonary arterial trunk.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_ventricle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cardiac right ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:7098]
synonym: "right ventricle of heart" EXACT []
synonym: "ventriculus dexter" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_ventricle]
xref: BTO:0001630
xref: EHDAA2:0000196
xref: EMAPA:17340
xref: FMA:7098
xref: MA:0000093
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rRMlc0KgNEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244384009
xref: UMLS:C0225883
xref: VHOG:0000717
xref: galen:RightVentricle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0002082  ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009889 ! secondary heart field
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0002082  ! cardiac ventricle
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
property_value: external_definition "The muscular chamber on the right and in front of the left ventricle. It generally receives venous blood from the right atrium and conveys it into the pulmonary artery. [(1988)_Dorian_AF, Amsterdam, Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B._Anatomy, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier's_Encyclopaedic_Dictionary_of_Medicine][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002081
name: cardiac atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "Cardiac chamber which consists of a wall that surrounds the cavity of an atrium.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Heart_atrium]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Cardiac atria" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "atria" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "atrial tissue" RELATED [BTO:0000903]
synonym: "atrium" EXACT [ZFA:0000471]
synonym: "atrium of heart" EXACT []
synonym: "cardiac atria" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "heart atrium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010246
xref: BTO:0000903
xref: EFO:0000277
xref: EFO:0000314
xref: EHDAA2:0000154
xref: EHDAA:1265
xref: EMAPA:16688
xref: EV:0100019
xref: FMA:7099
xref: GAID:555
xref: MA:0000073
xref: MAT:0000496
xref: MESH:A07.541.358
xref: SCTID:261405004
xref: TAO:0000471
xref: UMLS:C0018792
xref: VHOG:0000175
xref: ZFA:0000471
xref: galen:Atrium
xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Atrium
is_a: UBERON:0004151  ! cardiac chamber
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010227 ! future cardiac atrium
property_value: external_definition "One of four heart chambers.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of two chambers of the heart which receive blood from the veins and forces it by muscular contration to the ventricle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002082
name: cardiac ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Cardiac chamber which consists of a wall that surrounds the cavity of a ventricle." [FMA:7100]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "heart ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "lower chamber of heart" EXACT []
synonym: "ventricle" BROAD []
synonym: "ventricle of heart" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010249
xref: BTO:0000862
xref: EFO:0000317
xref: EHDAA2:0004164
xref: EHDAA:1912
xref: EMAPA:17331
xref: EV:0100020
xref: FMA:7100
xref: GAID:568
xref: MA:0000091
xref: MAT:0000497
xref: MESH:A07.541.560
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:277699000
xref: TAO:0000009
xref: UMLS:C0018827
xref: VHOG:0000435
xref: XAO:0003193
xref: ZFA:0000009
xref: galen:Ventricle
xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0004151  ! cardiac chamber
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010226 ! future cardiac ventricle
property_value: external_definition "A chamber of the heart that receives blood from one or more atria and pumps it by muscular contraction into the arteries.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of four heart chambers.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...)[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002084
name: heart left ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Left cardiac chamber which is continuous with the aorta.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_ventricle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cardiac left ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "left cardiac ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "left ventricle" EXACT [FMA:7101]
synonym: "left ventricle of heart" EXACT []
synonym: "ventriculus sinister cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_ventricle]
xref: BTO:0001629
xref: EHDAA2:0002178
xref: EMAPA:17337
xref: FMA:7101
xref: MA:0000092
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW8v46gEEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244385005
xref: UMLS:C0225897
xref: VHOG:0000718
xref: galen:LeftVentricle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0002082  ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0002082  ! cardiac ventricle
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
property_value: external_definition "Thick-walled muscular chamber constituting the left border and apex of the heart. It receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium through the mitral orifice and send it off into the aorta. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The vertebrate heart initially forms as a tube from a population of precursor cells termed the first heart field (FHF). Cells from the adjacent second heart field (SHF) are then progressively added to the developing heart. In avian and mammalian hearts, the FHF contributes mainly to the left ventricle, whereas the SHF gives rise to the outflow tract and large portions of the right ventricle and atria. Both fields arise from common mesodermal progenitors, although the detailed lineage relationships between FHF and SHF remain uncertain.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002085
name: interatrial septum
namespace: uberon
def: "Cardiac septum which separates the right atrium from the left atrium.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Interatrial_septum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "atrial septum" EXACT []
synonym: "interatrial septal wall" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000838
xref: EHDAA:1896
xref: EMAPA:17011
xref: FMA:7108
xref: MA:0000084
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rpd49nLYEEduAAAACs2IKfQ
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwGvku5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362016003
xref: UMLS:C0225836
xref: VHOG:0000385
xref: galen:InteratrialSeptum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray493.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Interatrial_Septum
is_a: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium
property_value: external_definition "The partition separating the right and left atria of the heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002086
name: sinoatrial valve
namespace: uberon
def: "A valve at the opening of the sinus venosus into the primordial atrium[TFD,modified]" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sinoatrial+valve]
comment: Usage notes: in humans and mouse this is the opening from SV into right atrium. This class represents the valve connecting the SV to any atrium and is applicable to animals with a single atrium
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "sinuatrial valve" EXACT [MP:0011646]
xref: FMA:71120
xref: TAO:0000680
xref: ZFA:0000680
is_a: UBERON:0000946  ! cardial valve
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0002063 ! sinus venosus
relationship: connects UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 ! endocardial cushion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002087
name: atrioventricular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the heart connecting the atrium to the cardiac ventricle[ZFA]. In the developing heart, the constriction between the atrium and ventricle constitutes the atrial canal, and indicates the site of the future atrioventricular valves[WP]." [Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_canal, ZFA:0001315, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/38]
comment: AO notes - this is a lumen in EHDAA2. Development notes: The right side of the AVC becomes the tricuspid valve whereas the left side of the AVC will become the bicuspid valve
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "AV canal" EXACT []
synonym: "atrial canal" EXACT [Wikipedia:Atrial_canal]
synonym: "atrio-ventricular canal" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000152]
synonym: "canalis atrioventricularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_canal]
xref: EHDAA:764
xref: EMAPA:16546
xref: FMA:71121
xref: SCTID:341079007
xref: TAO:0001315
xref: VHOG:0001473
xref: XAO:0004123
xref: ZFA:0001315
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Gray464.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gray464.png/200px-Gray464.png
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
relationship: connects UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007279 ! presumptive atrioventricular canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region
property_value: external_definition "The canal connecting the primitive atrium and ventricle in fishes and amniotes embryo. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The heart is the first organ to form and function in a vertebrate. (...) Septation of the AV canal is initiated with the formation of inferior and superior endocardial cushions in response to signaling from the overlying myocardium. (...) Analysis of zebrafish mutants with cardiovascular defects uncovered a previously unexpected level of conservation between zebrafish and human cardiovascular physiology.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002088
name: lateral thoracic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral thoracic vein is a tributary of the axillary vein. It runs with the lateral thoracic artery and drains the Serratus anterior muscle and the Pectoralis major muscle. Normally, the thoracoepigastric vein exists between this vein and superficial epigastric vein (a tributary of femoral vein), to act as a shunt for blood if the portal system (through the liver) develops hypertension or a blockage. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_thoracic_vein]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vena thoracica lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_thoracic_vein]
xref: FMA:71210
xref: MA:0002162
xref: SCTID:53595001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray576.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/200px-Gray576.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 ! axillary vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002089
name: thoracodorsal vein
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:71213
xref: MA:0002238
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 ! axillary vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002090
name: postcranial axial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The post-cranial subdivision of skeleton structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; in Danio, consisting of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins; in human consists of the bones of the vertebral column, the thoracic cage and the pelvis[ZFA+FMA]." [ZFA:0000317, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=2983975&group_id=76834&atid=974957, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=2983977&group_id=76834]
comment: previous some AOs had used the term 'axial skeleton' to include the skull. This is being resolved (see tracker items above). Status: MA - fixed.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "axial skeleton" BROAD [FMA:71221, UBERONREF:0000008]
synonym: "post-cranial axial skeleton" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000034
xref: EHDAA2:0000161
xref: EHDAA:5049
xref: EMAPA:17214
xref: EMAPA:18043
xref: FMA:71221
xref: MA:0002986
xref: MAT:0000148
xref: MIAA:0000148
xref: TAO:0000317
xref: VHOG:0000317
xref: VSAO:0000093
xref: XAO:0003073
xref: ZFA:0000317
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005944 ! axial skeleton plus cranial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011138 ! post-cranial axial skeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, a metameric, semi-flexible, arched bar located in the dorsal part of the trunk, and is formed by a series of cartilaginous or bony vertebrae. It provides suspension for the appendicular skeleton and protection for the spinal nerve cord.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The post-cranial structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; usually consists of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The axial musculoskeletal system represents the plesiomorphic locomotor engine of the vertebrate body, playing a central role in locomotion. In craniates, the evolution of the postcranial skeleton is characterized by two major transformations. First, the axial skeleton became increasingly functionally and morphologically regionalized. Second, the axial-based locomotion plesiomorphic for craniates became progressively appendage-based with the evolution of extremities in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002091
name: appendicular skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton which which consists of all the  skeletal elements in in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes[cjm]." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003, Wikipedia:Appendicular_skeleton]
comment: Note that ontologies differ in whether they treat the term appendicular skeleton as being the entire set of bones in the limbs, or whether the fore and hind limbs/fins are treated as seperate appendicular skeletons. Here we follow FMA, and treat the appendicular skeleton as the sum total of skeletal elements in the organism (this is evidenced by the fact that in FMA, skeleton of left/right upper/lower limb is part_of a appendicular skeleton, and subtypes of 'subdivision of appendicular skeleton'). We have separate classes such as 'skeleton of limb', and 'skeleton of hindlimb' for the 4 parts of the appendicular skeleton. In future the ZFA/TAO classes may be moved.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "appendicular skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "entire appendicular skeleton" EXACT [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/59]
synonym: "paired fin skeleton" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "skeleton appendiculare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Appendicular_skeleton]
xref: AAO:0000747
xref: EFO:0000951
xref: FMA:71222
xref: MA:0000290
xref: MAT:0000278
xref: MIAA:0000278
xref: SCTID:322050006
xref: UMLS:C0222646
xref: VHOG:0001666
xref: VSAO:0000076
xref: XAO:0003166
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Appendicular_skeleton_diagram.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Appendicular_Skeleton
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000026 ! appendage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011249 ! appendicular skeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision consisting of all the skeletal elements in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The pectoral and pelvic girdles, which articulate with the axial skeleton, together with their associated limbs, the forelimbs and hind limbs, form the appendicular skeleton.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002092
name: brain dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "the fibrous membrane forming the outer of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity; consists of two layers including the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer." [MP:0009025]
synonym: "cranial dura mater" EXACT [FMA:71236]
synonym: "dura mater encephali" EXACT []
synonym: "dura mater of brain" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:17766
xref: EMAPA:17785
xref: EMAPA:17793
xref: EV:0100313
xref: FMA:71236
xref: MA:0000815
xref: SCTID:309321003
xref: UMLS:C0459393
xref: VHOG:0000270
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Dura_Mater
is_a: UBERON:0002363  ! dura mater
is_a: UBERON:0003547  ! brain meninx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002363  ! dura mater
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
property_value: external_definition "The outermost and densest membrane of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002093
name: spinal dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "A dura mater that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal cord dura mater" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal cord dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17806
xref: FMA:71237
xref: MA:0001132
xref: SCTID:362302001
xref: UMLS:C0228124
xref: VHOG:0000411
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Dura_Mater
is_a: UBERON:0002363  ! dura mater
is_a: UBERON:0003292  ! meninx of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0002363  ! dura mater
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
property_value: external_definition "The outermost and densest membrane of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002094
name: interventricular septum
namespace: uberon
def: "Cardiac septum which separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Interventricular_septum]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "heart interventricular septum" EXACT [MA:0000085]
synonym: "heart ventricular septum" EXACT [MA:0000085]
synonym: "interventricular septum of heart" RELATED [BTO:0002483]
synonym: "interventriculare cordis" RELATED [BTO:0002483]
synonym: "s. interventriculare cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Interventricular_septum]
synonym: "ventricular septum" RELATED [MA:0000085]
xref: BTO:0002483
xref: EFO:0001956
xref: EHDAA2:0000885
xref: EHDAA:2603
xref: EMAPA:17333
xref: FMA:7133
xref: MA:0000085
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwA7lp5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362019005
xref: UMLS:C0225870
xref: VHOG:0000386
xref: galen:InterventricularSeptum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray498.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray498.png/200px-Gray498.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Interventricular_Septum
is_a: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
property_value: external_definition "The partition separating the right and left ventricles of the heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The two most progressive vertebrate classes, the birds and mammals, have completed the ventricular septum and at long last have completely separated the two blood streams along the length of the major heart chambers. This development has obviously been brought about independently in the two cases, since mammals and birds have evolved independently from primitive reptiles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002095
name: mesentery
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical organ component composed of a double layer of serous membrane that suspends a viscus from the body wall or connects adjacent viscera and in doing so conveys blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves to and from the viscera.  Examples: greater omentum, broad ligament of uterus, sigmoid mesocolon." [FMA:7144, Wikipedia:Mesentery, Wikipedia:Mesentery#Mesentery_.28general.29]
comment: Note that in Uberon, this term is used in the generic sense, not necessarily restricted to the peritoneum, consistent with FMA. WP: \"In anatomy, the mesentery is the double layer of peritoneum that suspends the jejunum and ileum from the posterior wall of the abdomen. Its meaning, however, is frequently extended to include double layers of peritoneum connecting various components of the abdominal cavity.\". TODO - check. Consider FMA:259286 - Region of mesentery.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "generic mesentery" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mesentery]
synonym: "mesentery (generic)" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mesentery]
xref: AAO:0011061
xref: BTO:0001380
xref: EV:0100083
xref: FMA:7144
xref: GAID:21
xref: MESH:A01.047.025.600.451
xref: SCTID:362707009
xref: UMLS:C0025474
xref: galen:Mesentery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray1038.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray1038.png/200px-Gray1038.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002296 ! dorsal mesentery
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mesenteric" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002097
name: skin of body
namespace: uberon
def: "Nonparenchymatous organ that consists of the dermis and epidermis. Subdivisions of the skin surround various body parts; as a whole, the skin constitutes the external layer of the body. Examples: There is only one skin[FMA]. Surface structure that consists of the external membranous integument of the animal." [FMA:7163, OMD:skin, Wikipedia:Skin]
comment: Note that FMA uses 'skin' for the entire organ. XAO seems consistent. MA seems to use it analagously to zone of skin
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "entire skin" EXACT []
synonym: "integument" RELATED []
synonym: "pelt" RELATED []
synonym: "skin" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001253
xref: EFO:0000962
xref: EHDAA2:0001844
xref: EMAPA:17525
xref: FMA:7163
xref: MESH:A17.815
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjX3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181469002
xref: UMLS:C1123023
xref: XAO:0000023
xref: galen:Skin
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Skin.svg/200px-Skin.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Skin
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 ! embryonic skin basal layer
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002098
name: apex of heart
namespace: uberon
def: "The apex of the heart is the lowest superficial part of the heart. It is directed downward, forward, and to the left, and is overlapped by the left lung and pleura. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Apex_of_the_heart]
comment: Note that FMA also has terms for the apical zone
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "apex cordis" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "cardiac apex" EXACT [FMA:7164]
synonym: "heart apex" EXACT []
xref: FMA:7164
xref: MA:0000488
xref: SCTID:362009004
xref: UMLS:C0225811
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray492.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray492.png/200px-Gray492.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Apex_of_the_Heart
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002099
name: cardiac septum
namespace: uberon
def: "The thin membranous structure between the two heart atria or the thick muscular structure between the two heart ventricles." [MESH:A07.541.459]
comment: Note in GO, septum morphogenesis is part of cardiac chamber morphogenesis; need to add axioms to infer this. Taxon notes: \"Terrestrial vertebrates have divided hearts in which septae separate the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood within the pulmonary and systemic circulations\"
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cardiac septa" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "heart septa" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "heart septum" EXACT []
synonym: "septum of heart" EXACT []
xref: FMA:7180
xref: GAID:562
xref: MA:0000083
xref: MESH:A07.541.459
xref: SCTID:362014000
xref: UMLS:C0018819
xref: XAO:0004141
xref: ncithesaurus:Heart_Septum
is_a: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002100
name: trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the cervical region (or head, when cervical region not present) and anterior to the caudal region. Includes the sacrum when present." [TAO:0001115, UBERONREF:0000006, Wikipedia:Torso]
comment: editor note - check AAO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Rumpf" RELATED [BTO:0001493]
synonym: "thoracolumbar region" EXACT []
synonym: "torso" EXACT []
synonym: "trunk region" EXACT [XAO:0000054]
xref: AAO:0010339
xref: BILA:0000116
xref: BTO:0001493
xref: EFO:0000966
xref: FMA:7181
xref: MA:0000004
xref: MAT:0000296
xref: MIAA:0000296
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkJjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:262225004
xref: TAO:0001115
xref: UMLS:C0460005
xref: XAO:0000054
xref: XAO:0003025
xref: ZFA:0001115
xref: galen:Trunk
xref: ncithesaurus:Trunk
is_a: UBERON:0011676  ! axial subdivision of organism
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000026
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000033
property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision that is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002101
name: limb
namespace: uberon
def: "A paired appendage that is evolved from a paired fin. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the girdle and its parts." [UBERONREF:0000003, Wikipedia:Limb]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "extremities" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "extremity" RELATED []
synonym: "flipper" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "free limb" EXACT [FMA:24875]
synonym: "limb sensu vertebrata" EXACT [MAT:0000090]
synonym: "pentadactyl limb" EXACT []
synonym: "tetrapod limb" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010336
xref: AEO:0000172
xref: EFO:0000876
xref: EHDAA2:0003172
xref: EHDAA:1697
xref: EHDAA:8273
xref: EMAPA:16405
xref: FMA:24875
xref: GAID:36
xref: MA:0000007
xref: MAT:0000090
xref: MIAA:0000090
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvn1uSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:243996003
xref: UMLS:C0015385
xref: VHOG:0000336
xref: VSAO:0000121
xref: XAO:0003027
xref: galen:Extremity
xref: ncithesaurus:Limb
is_a: UBERON:0004708  ! limb/fin
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud
property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision that has as its parts the jointed appendages used for locomotion and manipulation.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002102
name: forelimb
namespace: uberon
def: "A (free) limb that is connected to a pectoral girdle. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pectoral girdle and its parts." [UBERONREF:0000003, Wikipedia:Forelimb]
comment: AO notes: note that this corresponds to FMA:'free upper limb' (a limb segment), NOT FMA:'upper limb'. Both MA and FMA consider shoulder (and shoulder bones) part of upper limb. Usage notes:  Note distinction between arm and forelimb. hand is part of forelimb, but not part of arm
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anteriormost limb" EXACT []
synonym: "fore limb" EXACT []
synonym: "foreleg" RELATED []
synonym: "forelimb" EXACT []
synonym: "free part of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24878]
synonym: "free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24878, UBERONREF:0000003]
synonym: "membrum superius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7183, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pectoral flipper" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "pectoral limb" EXACT []
synonym: "superior member" EXACT []
synonym: "upper extremity" EXACT []
synonym: "upper limb" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000205
xref: BTO:0001729
xref: CALOHA:TS-2214
xref: EFO:0000882
xref: EHDAA2:0002133
xref: EHDAA:6208
xref: EMAPA:17412
xref: EV:0100014
xref: FMA:24878
xref: GAID:1215
xref: GAID:51
xref: MA:0000025
xref: MAT:0000394
xref: MESH:A13.395
xref: MIAA:0000394
xref: SCTID:182245002
xref: UMLS:C1140618
xref: VHOG:0000338
xref: VSAO:0000148
xref: XAO:0003030
xref: galen:UpperExtremity
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Extremity
is_a: UBERON:0002101  ! limb
is_a: UBERON:0004710  ! pectoral appendage
relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005417 ! forelimb bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002101  ! limb
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002103
property_value: external_definition "Upper limb, which connects the manus with the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002103
name: hindlimb
namespace: uberon
def: "A (free) limb that is connected to a pelvic girdle region. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its parts." [UBERONREF:0000003, Wikipedia:Hindlimb, Wikipedia:Lower_limb]
comment: AO notes: note that this corresponds to FMA:'free lower limb' (a limb segment), NOT 'lower limb'. Both MA and FMA consider shoulder (and shoulder bones) part of upper limb. Note that AAO class probably refers to skeleton
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24879, UBERONREF:0000003]
synonym: "free part of lower limb" RELATED [FMA:24879]
synonym: "hind limb" EXACT []
synonym: "hind-limb" EXACT [VSAO:0000150]
synonym: "hindlimb" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior member" EXACT []
synonym: "lower extremity" RELATED []
synonym: "lower limb" EXACT []
synonym: "membrum inferius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7184, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Lower_limb]
synonym: "pelvic appendage" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000219
xref: BTO:0002345
xref: CALOHA:TS-2215
xref: EFO:0000883
xref: EHDAA2:0001033
xref: EHDAA:6094
xref: EMAPA:17458
xref: EV:0100015
xref: FMA:24879
xref: GAID:1221
xref: GAID:38
xref: MA:0000026
xref: MAT:0000395
xref: MESH:A13.473
xref: MIAA:0000395
xref: SCTID:182281004
xref: UMLS:C0023216
xref: UMLS:C1522391
xref: VHOG:0000337
xref: VSAO:0000150
xref: XAO:0003031
xref: galen:LowerExtremity
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray1239.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray1239.png/200px-Gray1239.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hind_Limb
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Extremity
is_a: UBERON:0002101  ! limb
is_a: UBERON:0004709  ! pelvic appendage
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005418 ! hindlimb bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002101  ! limb
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
property_value: external_definition "Lower limb, which connects the pes with the pelvic girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "crural" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002104
name: visual system
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Visual_system]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "visual organ system" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000632
xref: FMA:7191
xref: MA:0002444
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:FMAID_7191
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCtpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:281831001
xref: TAO:0001127
xref: UMLS:C0587900
xref: XAO:0003198
xref: ZFA:0001127
xref: ncithesaurus:Visual_System
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002105
property_value: external_definition "The sensory system used for sight.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002105
name: vestibulo-auditory system
namespace: uberon
def: "A sensory system for the sense of hearing[WP]." [Wikipedia:Auditory_system]
comment: Auditory system is general anatomical term in FMA
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "auditory organ system" EXACT []
synonym: "auditory system" RELATED []
synonym: "auditory/vestibular system" RELATED []
synonym: "vestibuloauditory system" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000631
xref: FMA:7192
xref: FMA:78500
xref: MA:0002443
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090817
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViwtJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0001138
xref: UMLS:C0587901
xref: XAO:0003195
xref: ZFA:0001138
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Anatomy_of_the_Human_Ear.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/HumanEar.jpg/200px-HumanEar.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Auditory_System
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system
property_value: external_definition "The sensory system used for balance and hearing.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002106
name: spleen
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ found in virtually all vertebrate animals with important roles in regard to red blood cells and the immune system. In humans, it is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. It removes old red blood cells and holds a reserve in case of hemorrhagic shock, especially in animals like horses (not in humans), while recycling iron. It synthesizes antibodies in its white pulp and removes, from blood and lymph node circulation, antibody-coated bacteria along with antibody-coated blood cells." [Wikipedia:Spleen]
comment: Taxon notes: Neither hagfish nor lampreys possess what might be considered a discrete and condensed spleen. Hagfish possess dispersed lymphoid tissue within the submucosa of the intestine (96) associated with the portal vein (97), whereas lymphoid tissue is associated with the typhlosole portion of the intestine in lampreys (96) [PMID:20959416]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lien" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spleen]
xref: AAO:0010395
xref: BTO:0001281
xref: EFO:0000869
xref: EMAPA:18767
xref: EV:0100055
xref: FMA:7196
xref: GAID:1289
xref: MA:0000141
xref: MAT:0000085
xref: MESH:A15.382.520.604.713
xref: MIAA:0000085
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjgw5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181279003
xref: TAO:0000436
xref: UMLS:C0037993
xref: VHOG:0000120
xref: XAO:0000328
xref: ZFA:0000436
xref: galen:Spleen
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Illu_spleen.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Illu_spleen.jpg/200px-Illu_spleen.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Spleen
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002075  ! viscus
is_a: UBERON:0004177  ! hemopoietic organ
is_a: UBERON:0005057  ! immune organ
is_a: UBERON:0005172  ! abdomen organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006293 ! spleen primordium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system
property_value: external_definition "An organ involved in red blood cell filtration and immune response.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "lienal" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "splenic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "With the advent of clonal selection, the accumulation and segregation of T and B cells in specialized organs for antigen presentation became necessary, and indeed the spleen is found in all jawed vertebrates, but not in agnathans or invertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002107
name: liver
namespace: uberon
def: "An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO]." [BTO:0000759, Wikipedia:Liver]
comment: AO notes: Only ZFA considers this part_of immune system - we weaken this to an overlaps relation, as in general it's only a subset of cells that have clear immune function. Taxon notes: WP: The liver is found in all vertebrates, and is typically the largest visceral organ. Its form varies considerably in different species, and is largely determined by the shape and arrangement of the surrounding organs. Nonetheless, in most species it is divided into right and left lobes; exceptions to this general rule include snakes, where the shape of the body necessitates a simple cigar-like form. The internal structure of the liver is broadly similar in all vertebrates.[7] An organ sometimes referred to as a liver is found associated with the digestive tract of the primitive chordate Amphioxus. However, this is an enzyme secreting gland, not a metabolic organ, and it is unclear how truly homologous it is to the vertebrate liver. //  The zebrafish liver differs from the mammalian liver in that the hepatocytes are not clearly organized in cords or lobules and the typical portal triads are not apparent. In addition, the zebrafish liver does not have Kuppfer cells. Furthermore, a clear distinction can be made between the male and female liver in the adult zebrafish. The female hepatocytes are very basophilic (Figure 15c) as a result of the production of vitellogenin (Van der Ven et al. 2003).
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "iecur" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Liver]
synonym: "jecur" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Liver]
xref: AAO:0010111
xref: BTO:0000759
xref: EFO:0000887
xref: EHDAA2:0000997
xref: EHDAA:2197
xref: EMAPA:16846
xref: EV:0100089
xref: FMA:7197
xref: GAID:288
xref: MA:0000358
xref: MAT:0000097
xref: MESH:A03.620
xref: MIAA:0000097
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVimppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181268008
xref: TAO:0000123
xref: UMLS:C0023884
xref: VHOG:0000257
xref: XAO:0000133
xref: ZFA:0000123
xref: galen:Liver
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Leber_Schaf.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Leber_Schaf.jpg/200px-Leber_Schaf.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Liver
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005172  ! abdomen organ
is_a: UBERON:0006925  ! digestive gland
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003894 ! liver primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004161 ! septum transversum
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008836 ! liver bud
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002405 ! immune system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010264  ! hepatopancreas
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Organ which secretes bile and participates in formation of certain blood proteins.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "hepatic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "All vertebrates possess a liver (reference 1); Later in craniate evolution, an anterior gill arch was transformed into jaws, and many new types of feeding subsequently evolved.(...) A liver evolved that, among its many functions, stores considerable energy as glycogen or lipid (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002108
name: small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]." [Wikipedia:Small_intestine]
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior intestine" RELATED []
synonym: "intestinum tenue" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000651, Wikipedia:Small_intestine]
synonym: "mid intestine" RELATED []
synonym: "small bowel" EXACT []
synonym: "small intestine" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010397
xref: BTO:0000651
xref: EFO:0000841
xref: EV:0100072
xref: FMA:7200
xref: GAID:313
xref: MA:0000337
xref: MAT:0000047
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.620
xref: MIAA:0000047
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181250005
xref: TAO:0001323
xref: UMLS:C0021852
xref: VHOG:0000055
xref: XAO:0000130
xref: ZFA:0001323
xref: galen:SmallIntestine
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg/200px-Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
property_value: external_definition "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002109
name: pair of nares
namespace: uberon
def: "Pair of nostrils." [Wikipedia:Nares]
comment: Note this is a \"set of anatomical planes\" in FMA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nares" RELATED []
synonym: "nares set" EXACT []
synonym: "nostrils" EXACT []
synonym: "pair of nostrils" EXACT []
synonym: "set of nares" RELATED [FMA:72005]
xref: FMA:72005
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7745

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002110
name: gallbladder
namespace: uberon
def: "a small organ that aids digestion and stores bile produced by the liver[WP]. Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the cystic duct and distally terminates in the fundus of the gallbladder[FMA]." [FMA:7202, Wikipedia:Gallbladder]
comment: Rats do not have a gallbladder, but produce bile. The bile flows directly from the liver through the (hepatic) bile duct into the small intestine (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988)
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "gall bladder" EXACT []
synonym: "vesica fellea; vesica biliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gallbladder]
xref: AAO:0010114
xref: BTO:0000493
xref: EFO:0000853
xref: EHDAA2:0000699
xref: EHDAA:8062
xref: EMAPA:17202
xref: EV:0100090
xref: FMA:7202
xref: MA:0000356
xref: MAT:0000072
xref: MESH:A03.159.439
xref: MIAA:0000072
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkGr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181269000
xref: TAO:0000208
xref: UMLS:C0016976
xref: VHOG:0000221
xref: XAO:0000135
xref: ZFA:0000208
xref: galen:Gallbladder
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Illu_pancrease.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Abdomal_organs.svg/200px-Abdomal_organs.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder
is_a: UBERON:0002075  ! viscus
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005172  ! abdomen organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004912 ! biliary bud
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006242 ! gall bladder primordium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10114
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Membranous muscular sac in which the bile from the liver remains stored until it is required. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Organ attached to the liver which stores bile and empties into the duodenum via the bile duct as needed for digestion.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The presence of a gallbladder appears to be a primitive trait. It is found in most fish and all adult reptiles and amphibians and has been well conserved in mammals, for the most part.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002111
name: artery smooth muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "arterial smooth muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000087]
synonym: "artery smooth muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "artery smooth muscle tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "smooth muscle of artery" EXACT [FMA:72024]
xref: BTO:0000087
xref: FMA:72024
xref: MA:0000708
xref: UMLS:C1706851
xref: ncithesaurus:Artery_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004237  ! blood vessel smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004695  ! arterial system smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002112
name: smooth muscle of esophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "esophagus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus smooth muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "esophagus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus smooth muscle" RELATED []
synonym: "oesophagus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72025
xref: MA:0001573
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003832 ! esophagus muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002113
name: kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "A paired organ which has the production of urine as its primary function." [Wikipedia:Kidney]
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "reniculate kidney" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Reniculate_kidney]
xref: AAO:0000250
xref: BTO:0000671
xref: EFO:0000929
xref: EV:0100096
xref: FMA:7203
xref: GAID:423
xref: MA:0000368
xref: MAT:0000119
xref: MESH:A05.810.453
xref: MIAA:0000119
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181414000
xref: UMLS:C0022646
xref: XAO:0003267
xref: galen:Kidney
xref: ncithesaurus:Kidney
is_a: UBERON:0000489  ! cavitated compound organ
is_a: UBERON:0005172  ! abdomen organ
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003918 ! kidney mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005095 ! kidney rudiment
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011143 ! upper urinary tract
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000160
property_value: external_definition "One of either of a pair of structures lying on either side of the dorsal aorta in which fluid balance is regulated and waste is excreted out in the form of urine.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "renal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002114
name: duodenum
namespace: uberon
def: "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)." [ISBN:0815318960, Wikipedia:Duodenum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "proximal intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000365]
synonym: "upper intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000365]
xref: AAO:0010402
xref: BTO:0000365
xref: EFO:0000851
xref: EMAPA:18852
xref: EV:0100073
xref: FMA:7206
xref: GAID:284
xref: MA:0000338
xref: MAT:0000044
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.620.270
xref: MIAA:0000044
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv4LJDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181247007
xref: UMLS:C0013303
xref: VHOG:0000052
xref: XAO:0000236
xref: galen:Duodenum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Tractus_intestinalis_duodenum.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Duodenum
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
relationship: proximal_part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: external_definition "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "duodenal" xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum." xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10b15 inches (25b38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002115
name: jejunum
namespace: uberon
def: "The jejunum is the middle section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear and the terms middle intestine or mid-gut may be used instead of jejunum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Jejunum]
comment: TODO consider ZFA:0001323 mid intestine, see also small intestine
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intestinum jejunum" RELATED [BTO:0000657]
synonym: "middle intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000657]
xref: BTO:0000657
xref: EFO:0001333
xref: EMAPA:18666
xref: EMAPA:18932
xref: EV:0100074
xref: FMA:7207
xref: GAID:318
xref: MA:0000340
xref: MAT:0000045
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.620.625
xref: MIAA:0000045
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwATkPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181248002
xref: UMLS:C0022378
xref: VHOG:0000053
xref: galen:Jejunum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Illu_small_intestine.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Illu_small_intestine.jpg/200px-Illu_small_intestine.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Jejunum
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
property_value: external_definition "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "jejunal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002116
name: ileum
namespace: uberon
def: "The ileum is the final section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear and the terms posterior intestine or distal intestine may be used instead of ileum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ileum]
comment: TODO consider ZFA:0000706 posterior intestine, see also colon
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "distal intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000620]
synonym: "intestinum ileum" RELATED [BTO:0000620]
synonym: "lower intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000620]
xref: AAO:0010403
xref: BTO:0000620
xref: EFO:0001334
xref: EV:0100075
xref: FMA:7208
xref: GAID:315
xref: MA:0000339
xref: MAT:0000282
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.620.484
xref: MIAA:0000282
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdcLHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181249005
xref: UMLS:C0020885
xref: VHOG:0000647
xref: XAO:0000237
xref: galen:Ileum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Illu_small_intestine.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Ileum
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ileal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002118
name: right ovary
namespace: uberon
def: "An ovary that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:7213
xref: MA:0001705
xref: SCTID:280123002
xref: UMLS:C0227873
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Ovary
is_a: UBERON:0000992  ! female gonad
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000992  ! female gonad
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002119
name: left ovary
namespace: uberon
def: "An ovary that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Taxon notes: In some elasmobranchs, the left ovary does not mature, with only the right ovary fully developing. In the primitive jawless fish, and some teleosts, there is only one ovary, formed by the fusion of the paired organs in the embryo[Wikipedia:Ovary#In_other_animals]
xref: FMA:7214
xref: MA:0001704
xref: SCTID:280124008
xref: UMLS:C0227874
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Ovary
is_a: UBERON:0000992  ! female gonad
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000992  ! female gonad
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002120
name: pronephros
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005794
def: "In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensible for larval life[GO]." [GO:0048793, Wikipedia:Pronephros]
comment: Once the more complex mesonephros forms the pronephros undergoes apoptosis in amphibians. In fishes the nephron degenerates but the organ remains and becomes a component of the immune system[Wikipedia:Pronephros]. // TODO - check developmental relationships. Note that we previously include the ZFA/XAO terms under the more specific 'pronephric kidney', but these are now merged. TODO GCI: relationship: capable_of GO:0030104
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "archinephron" RELATED [BTO:0001541]
synonym: "embryonic kidney" RELATED [BTO:0001541]
synonym: "pronephric kidney" EXACT [XAO:0002000]
synonym: "pronephron" RELATED [BTO:0001541]
xref: AAO:0011089
xref: BTO:0001541
xref: EFO:0000927
xref: EHDAA2:0001570
xref: EHDAA:1017
xref: EMAPA:16579
xref: FMA:72170
xref: MAT:0000117
xref: MIAA:0000117
xref: SCTID:308804007
xref: TAO:0000151
xref: UMLS:C0231048
xref: VHOG:0000037
xref: XAO:0002000
xref: ZFA:0000151
xref: ncithesaurus:Pronephros
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002113  ! kidney
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005095 ! kidney rudiment
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005721 ! pronephric mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005754 ! rostral part of nephrogenic cord
relationship: located_in UBERON:0003887 ! intraembryonic coelom
property_value: external_definition "A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the anterior region of the nephric ridge; forms only as a transient embryonic structure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.748][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Organ that serves as a transient kidney, providing osmoregulation during early developmental stages and then degenerating during metamorphosis.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The embryonic kidney, present at the level of the third somite, is composed of two glomeruli fused at the midline, two pronephric tubules, and paired bilateral pronephric ducts that modify the composition of the blood filtrate before delivering it to the cloaca for excretion.Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pronephric" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrate embryos, the kidney begins with the differentiation of a few renal tubules from the anterior end of the nephric ridge overlying the pericardial cavity. (...) This early-developing embryonic kidney is called the pronephros.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002122
name: capsule of thymus
namespace: uberon
def: "the fibrous connective tissue surrounding the thymus." [MP:0002368]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "thymic capsule" EXACT []
synonym: "thymus capsule" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72204
xref: MA:0000766
xref: SCTID:188181003
xref: UMLS:C0229945
xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0002370 ! thymus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002123
name: cortex of thymus
namespace: uberon
def: "Cortical portion of thymus, mainly composed of lymphoid cells, supported by a network of finely-branched epithelial reticular cells, which is continuous with a similar network in the medullary portion. This network forms an adventitia to the blood vessels. The cortex is the location of the earliest events in thymocyte development, where T cell receptor gene rearrangement and positive selection takes place." [Wikipedia:Thymus#Cortex]
comment: Histologically, the thymus can be divided into a central medulla and a peripheral cortex which is surrounded by an outer capsule. The cortex and medulla play different roles in the development of T cells. Cells in the thymus can be divided into thymic stromal cells and cells of hematopoietic origin[WP]
synonym: "thymic cortex" EXACT [BTO:0002934]
synonym: "thymus cortex" EXACT [MA:0000767]
xref: BTO:0002934
xref: FMA:72205
xref: MA:0000767
xref: SCTID:188262003
xref: UMLS:C0229948
xref: ncithesaurus:Thymus_Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002124
name: medulla of thymus
namespace: uberon
def: "Medullary portion of thymus. The reticulum is coarser than in the cortex, the lymphoid cells are relatively fewer in number, and there are found peculiar nest-like bodies, the concentric corpuscles of Hassall. These concentric corpuscles are composed of a central mass, consisting of one or more granular cells, and of a capsule formed of epithelioid cells. They are the remains of the epithelial tubes, which grow out from the third branchial pouches of the embryo to form the thymus. Each follicle is surrounded by a vascular plexus, from which vessels pass into the interior, and radiate from the periphery toward the center, forming a second zone just within the margin of the medullary portion. In the center of the medullary portion there are very few vessels, and they are of minute size." [Wikipedia:Thymus#Medulla]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "medulla of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus gland medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus medulla" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004560
xref: EFO:0001969
xref: FMA:72206
xref: MA:0000771
xref: SCTID:188344009
xref: UMLS:C0229949
xref: ncithesaurus:Thymus_Medulla
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002125
name: lobule of thymus
namespace: uberon
def: "the basic structural unit of the thymus." [MP:0002367]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "thymic lobule" EXACT []
synonym: "thymus lobule" EXACT [MA:0000770]
xref: FMA:72215
xref: MA:0000770
xref: SCTID:187882006
xref: UMLS:C1522462
xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Lobule
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002126
name: solitary tract nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The solitary tract and nucleus are structures in the brainstem that carry and receive visceral sensation and taste from the facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) cranial nerves. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_of_tractus_solitarius]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nuclei of solitary tract" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus tractus solitarii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72242, FMA:TA]
synonym: "solitary nuclei" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72242
xref: SCTID:369080003
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007245  ! nuclear complex of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002127
name: inferior olivary complex
namespace: uberon
def: "largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata. It is closely associated with the cerebellum, but its specific function is voluntary body movements." [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "caudal olivary nuclei" RELATED [BTO:0002298]
synonym: "complexus olivaris inferior" RELATED [BTO:0002298]
synonym: "complexus olivaris inferior; nuclei olivares inferiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus]
synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [FMA:72243]
synonym: "inferior olivary nuclei" RELATED [BTO:0002298]
synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus" RELATED [FMA:72243]
synonym: "inferior olive" EXACT [FMA:72243]
synonym: "nuclei olivares caudales" RELATED [BTO:0002298]
synonym: "nuclei olivares inferiores" RELATED [BTO:0002298]
synonym: "oliva" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72243, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:IO
xref: BM:Me-IO
xref: BTO:0002298
xref: EV:0100277
xref: FMA:72243
xref: MA:0001040
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1164
xref: TAO:0000215
xref: VHOG:0001627
xref: ZFA:0000215
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/CerebCircuit.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/CerebCircuit.png/200px-CerebCircuit.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007245  ! nuclear complex of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000128 ! olivary body
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877
property_value: homology_notes "The inferior olive appears to be present in all vertebrate classes and is particularly well developed in species with a well-developed cerebellum.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002128
name: superior olivary complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound[GO]." [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex]
comment: GO -- In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound. -- TODO fix GO def to be the same throughout
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus olivaris superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72247, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex]
synonym: "superior olivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72247]
synonym: "superior olivary nucleus" RELATED [FMA:72247]
synonym: "superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72247]
xref: ABA:SOC
xref: EV:0100263
xref: FMA:72247
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1307
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray713.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray713.png/200px-Gray713.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007245  ! nuclear complex of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002597
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006840
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007634

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002129
name: cerebellar cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function[GO]." [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_cortex]
comment: The circuits in the cerebellar cortex look similar across all classes of vertebrates, including fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals (e.g., Fig. 2). This has been taken as evidence that the cerebellum performs functions important to all vertebrate species. (Wikipedia)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cortex cerebellaris" RELATED [BTO:0000043]
xref: ABA:CBX
xref: BM:CB-Cbx
xref: BTO:0000043
xref: EV:0100294
xref: FMA:72248
xref: GAID:596
xref: MA:0000199
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1566
xref: SCTID:361593004
xref: UMLS:C0007759
xref: VHOG:0001597
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cerebellum_NIH.png/200px-Cerebellum_NIH.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002130

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002130
name: cerebellar nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004007
def: "the gray matter nuclei located in the center of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter, which receive inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs from Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex and excitatory (glutamatergic) inputs from mossy fiber pathways; all output fibers of the cerebellum originate from the these nuclei[MP]" [MP:0009979, Wikipedia:Deep_cerebellar_nuclei]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "central nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebellar nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "deep cerebellar nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1568]
synonym: "deep cerebellar nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "intracerebellar nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "intrinsic nuclei of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "nuclei cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72249, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Deep_cerebellar_nuclei]
synonym: "roof nuclei-2" EXACT []
xref: ABA:CBN
xref: EV:0100299
xref: FMA:72249
xref: GAID:599
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.337
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1568
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray707.png/200px-Gray707.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002129

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002131
name: anterior lobe of cerebellum
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior lobe of cerebellum is the portion of the cerebellum responsible for mediating unconscious proprioception. In alcoholics, it can deteriorate. It is sometimes equated to the 'paleocerebellum'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_lobe_of_cerebellum]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior cerebellar lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior lobe of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1118]
synonym: "cerebellum anterior lobe" EXACT []
xref: EV:0100295
xref: FMA:72251
xref: MA:0000991
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1118
xref: SCTID:279359004
xref: VHOG:0001598
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/CerebellumRegions.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/CerebellumRegions.jpg/200px-CerebellumRegions.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0005293  ! cerebellum lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002132
name: dentate nucleus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0008996
def: "The Dentate nucleus is located within the deep white matter of each cerebellar hemisphere. It is the largest of the four deep cerebellar nuclei, the others being the fastigial nucleus and the interposed nucleus (globose and emboliform nuclei combined). It is responsible for the planning, initiation and control of volitional movements. It therefore receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex. Its efferents project via the superior cerebellar peduncle through the red nucleus to the ventrolateral thalamus (crossing over at the pontomesencephalic junction). It consists of an irregularly folded, of a grayish-yellow color, containing white fibers, and presenting on its antero-medial aspect an opening, the hilus, from which most of the fibers of the superior peduncle emerge. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dentate cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1171]
synonym: "dentate nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus]
synonym: "dentatothalamocortical fibers" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus]
synonym: "lateral cerebellar nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral nucleus of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus dentatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus]
xref: ABA:DN
xref: BM:CB-CBL
xref: BTO:0003836
xref: EV:0100300
xref: FMA:72260
xref: MA:0001008
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1171
xref: SCTID:279221005
xref: VHOG:0001700
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray707.png/200px-Gray707.png
is_a: UBERON:0008995  ! nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002153
property_value: homology_notes "One or more deep cerebellar nuclei appear in agnathans, sharks, ropefishes, lungfishes, Latimeria, and amphibians. Reptiles have two nuclei (a medial and a lateral), and birds and mammals have three nuclei (a medial, a lateral, and an interposed nucleus). The medial nucleus of mammals is known as the fastigial nucleus, and the lateral nucleus is known as the dentate nucleus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002133
name: atrioventricular valve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cardiac valve which has as its parts the leaf of cardiac valve that separates the atrium from the ventricle. // The atrioventricular valve has four distinct leaflets oriented anterior, posterior, left, and right of the atrioventricular orifice. <a href='ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-010912-30'>Hu et al. 2001.</a>" [Wikipedia:Heart_valve#Atrioventricular_valves, ZFIN:curator]
comment: AO notes: in ZFA this is part of both atrium and ventricle, but we use a connecting relationship here; see also notes for left and right.
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "AV valve" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000153
xref: EHDAA:7421
xref: FMA:7233
xref: MA:0002789
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rfCfdorrpEduAAAACs6hRXg
xref: SCTID:11124005
xref: TAO:0005064
xref: VHOG:0001472
xref: ZFA:0005064
xref: galen:AtrioventricularValve
is_a: UBERON:0000946  ! cardial valve
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004292 ! cardiac skeleton
relationship: connects UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
relationship: connects UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 ! endocardial cushion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region
property_value: external_definition "The atrioventricular valve has four distinct leaflets oriented anterior, posterior, left, and right of the atrioventricular orifice. Hu et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Valve in the heart through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The conus arteriosus is the most distal part of the primitive fish heart and forms the connection between the ventricle and the ventral aorta.  At the sinoatrial, the atrioventricular, and the ventriculoconal junctions, valves developed to prevent backflow of blood during relaxation of the preceding compartment.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002134
name: tricuspid valve
namespace: uberon
def: "Atrioventricular valve which has as its parts the anterior, posterior and septal leaflets, attached to the fibrous ring of tricuspid valve.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Tricuspid_valve]
comment: AO notes: FMA part_ofs changed to connects
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "right atrioventricular valve" EXACT [FMA:7234]
synonym: "valva atrioventricularis dextra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7234, FMA:TA]
synonym: "valvula tricuspidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tricuspid_valve]
xref: EHDAA2:0004029
xref: EHDAA:7427
xref: EMAPA:17873
xref: FMA:7234
xref: GAID:567
xref: MA:0000090
xref: MESH:A07.541.510.893
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvuWAAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002081
xref: SCTID:181288007
xref: UMLS:C0040960
xref: VHOG:0000816
xref: galen:TricuspidValve
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tricuspid_Valve
is_a: UBERON:0002133  ! atrioventricular valve
is_a: UBERON:0005208  ! right atrium valve
relationship: connects UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
relationship: connects UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005965 ! outflow part of right atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0002133  ! atrioventricular valve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005965 ! outflow part of right atrium
property_value: external_definition "The three-segmented valve of the heart that keeps blood in the right ventricle from flowing back into the right atrium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002135
name: mitral valve
namespace: uberon
def: "Atrioventricular valve which has as its parts the anterior and posterior leaflets, attached to the fibrous ring of mitral valve.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Mitral_valve]
comment: AO notes: FMA part_ofs changed to connects
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bicuspid valve" RELATED []
synonym: "left atrioventricular valve" EXACT []
synonym: "valva atrioventricularis sinistra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7235, FMA:TA]
synonym: "valva mitralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mitral_valve]
xref: EFO:0003933
xref: EHDAA2:0000168
xref: EMAPA:17871
xref: FMA:7235
xref: GAID:565
xref: MA:0000088
xref: MESH:A07.541.510.507
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv4l2nJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181286006
xref: UMLS:C0026264
xref: VHOG:0000817
xref: galen:MitralValve
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mitral_Valve
is_a: UBERON:0002133  ! atrioventricular valve
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0005995 ! mitral valve anulus
relationship: connects UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium
relationship: connects UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005966 ! outflow part of left atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0002133  ! atrioventricular valve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005966 ! outflow part of left atrium
disjoint_from: UBERON:0007120  ! premolar tooth
property_value: external_definition "A valve of the heart, composed of two triangular flaps, that is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and regulates blood flow between these chambers. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002137
name: aortic valve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cardiac valve which has as its parts the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps, attached to the fibrous ring of aortic valve.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Aortic_valve]
comment: Human variation: It is normally tricuspid (with three leaflets), although in 1% of the population it is found to be congenitally bicuspid (two leaflets)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "valva aortae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aortic_valve]
xref: BTO:0004628
xref: EFO:0003879
xref: EHDAA2:0000134
xref: EHDAA:4410
xref: EMAPA:17870
xref: FMA:7236
xref: GAID:563
xref: MA:0000087
xref: MESH:A07.541.510.110
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5914JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181287002
xref: UMLS:C0003501
xref: VHOG:0000815
xref: galen:AorticValve
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Aortic_Valve
is_a: UBERON:0005623  ! semi-lunar valve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005956 ! outflow part of left ventricle
property_value: external_definition "The valve between the left ventricle of the heart and the ascending aorta, consisting of three semilunar cusps. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002138
name: habenulo-interpeduncular tract
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Meynert's retroflex bundle" EXACT []
synonym: "fasciculus retroflexus" EXACT []
synonym: "fasciculus retroflexus (meynert)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1504]
synonym: "habenulointerpeduncular fasciculus" EXACT []
synonym: "habenulointerpeduncular tract" RELATED []
synonym: "habenulopeduncular tract" EXACT []
synonym: "tractus habenulo-interpeduncularis" EXACT [ZFA:0000353]
xref: BM:HPT
xref: FMA:72400
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1504
xref: SCTID:369194000
xref: TAO:0000353
xref: ZFA:0000353
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002139
name: subcommissural organ
namespace: uberon
def: "The subcommissural organ is a circumventricular organ consisting of ependymal cells which secrete SCO-spondin[WP,partially vetted]." [PMID:9579598, Wikipedia:Subcommissural_organ]
comment: Occurs throughout the vertebartes [PMID:9579598, doi:10.1002/ar.1091260210]. First appears in hagfish(Olsson). In many species, including the human, it reaches its full development during embryonic life[PMID:9579598]. During the course of phyletic evolution, one notes various changes. Indeed, in lower vertebrates, the SCO presents a greater degree of enzyme activity than the ependyma while in birds the ependyma demonstrates a more intense activity than the SCO[PMID:479574] Sometimes preceded by flexural organ[doi:10.1007/BF00303086]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "SCO" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal subcommissural organ" RELATED []
synonym: "organum subcommissurale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcommissural_organ]
xref: BTO:0001820
xref: FMA:72414
xref: GAID:794
xref: MA:0002941
xref: MESH:A08.713.810
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1028
xref: SCTID:369193006
xref: TAO:0000683
xref: ZFA:0000683
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png
is_a: UBERON:0002966  ! regional part of midbrain tectum
is_a: UBERON:0010134  ! secretory circumventricular organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011357 ! Reissner's fiber
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002140
name: parabigeminal nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Nucleus_Isthmii.2FParabigeminalis]
comment: AO notes: in MA this is part of the tegmentum/brainstem
synonym: "nucleus isthmi" RELATED [VHOG:0001701]
synonym: "nucleus parabigeminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=482]
xref: ABA:PBG
xref: BM:PBG
xref: FMA:72415
xref: MA:0001074
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1007
xref: VHOG:0001701
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
property_value: homology_notes "Nucleus isthmi is present in the isthmus in most vertebrates. It is called the parabigeminal nucleus in mammals (reference 1); In sum, our results show that the origin of neurons of some tegmental hindbrain nuclei, namely, nucleus isthmi/superior reticular nucleus and secondary gustatory/viscerosensory nucleus is in the URL (upper rhombic lip), and that the temporal order of cell types produced by the URL and their developmental program are conserved among vertebrate species (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002141
name: parvocellular oculomotor nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Edinger-Westphal nucleus (also known as the accessory oculomotor nucleus) is the accessory parasympathetic cranial nerve nucleus of the oculomotor nerve, supplying the constricting muscles of the iris. Alternatively, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus is a term often used to refer to the adjacent population of non-preganglionic neurons that do not project to the ciliary ganglion, but rather project to the spinal cord, dorsal raphe nucleus, and septal nuclei. Unlike the classical, preganglionic Edinger-Westphal neurons that contain choline acetyltransferase, neurons of the non-preganglionic Edinger-Westphal nucleus have been shown to contain various stress- and feeding-related neuropeptides, such as Urocortin and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript. Proper nomenclature for this distinct brain region has not yet been established. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Edinger-westphal_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "accessory oculomotor nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "edinger-westphal nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus Edinger-Westphal" EXACT [ZFA:0000244]
synonym: "oculomotor nucleus, parvocellular part" EXACT []
xref: ABA:EW
xref: BM:EW
xref: FMA:72424
xref: MA:0001071
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_822
xref: SCTID:62088007
xref: TAO:0000244
xref: ZFA:0000244
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002142
name: pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) (or pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, PPTN) is located in the brainstem, caudal to the substantia nigra and adjacent to the superior cerebellar peduncle. It is composed by a wide variety of neurochemical cell types, including cholinergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic cells. In the classical sense, the PPN is considered to be one of the main components of the reticular activating system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pedunculopontine_tegmental_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "peduncular pontine nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "pedunculopontine nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:PPN
xref: BM:Pons-PPT
xref: FMA:72429
xref: MA:0001020
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1437
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001965
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007412

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002143
name: dorsal tegmental nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal tegmental nucleus (gudden)" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal tegmental nucleus of gudden" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_992]
synonym: "gudden nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000346]
synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72434, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior tegmental nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "von Gudden's nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:DTN
xref: BM:TD
xref: FMA:72434
xref: MA:0001013
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_992
xref: TAO:0000346
xref: VHOG:0001368
xref: ZFA:0000346
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002144
name: peripeduncular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "a group of neuron cell bodies that form a thin, caplike configuration over the dorsolateral aspect of the crus cerebri; many of its cells are acetylcholinesterase positive." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61630]
comment: Note that FMA and NIF support this being part of midbrain tegmentum; MA places this in the thalamus and ABA supports thalamus. todo - check. for now we take a conservative position and assert overlaps for both rather than part of
synonym: "peripeduncular nucleus of pons" EXACT [FMA:72437]
xref: ABA:PP
xref: BM:MB-PPN
xref: FMA:72437
xref: MA:0000875
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1474
xref: SCTID:25949000
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002704
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002776

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002145
name: interpeduncular nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "interpedunclear nucleus" RELATED [MTB:379]
synonym: "interpeduncular ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "interpeduncular nucleus tegmentum" RELATED [TAO:0000903]
xref: ABA:IPN
xref: BM:MB-IP
xref: FMA:72439
xref: MA:0001069
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1000
xref: TAO:0000903
xref: ZFA:0000903
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002043

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002146
name: pulmonary valve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cardiac valve which has as its parts the right anterior, left anterior and posterior cusps, attached to the fibrous ring of pulmonary valve.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_valve]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pulmonic valve" EXACT []
synonym: "valva trunci pulmonalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_valve]
xref: EHDAA2:0001577
xref: EHDAA:4412
xref: EMAPA:17872
xref: FMA:7246
xref: GAID:566
xref: MA:0000089
xref: MESH:A07.541.510.738
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP6uq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181289004
xref: UMLS:C0034086
xref: VHOG:0000814
xref: galen:PulmonaryValve
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Valve
is_a: UBERON:0005623  ! semi-lunar valve
property_value: external_definition "The valve with semilunar cusps at the entrance to the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle of the heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002147
name: reticulotegmental nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72471, FMA:TA]
synonym: "reticular tegmental nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "reticulotegmental nucleus of pons" EXACT []
synonym: "tegmental reticular nucleus, pontine gray" EXACT []
xref: ABA:TRN
xref: FMA:72471
xref: MA:0001025
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_882
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002148
name: locus ceruleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic[GO]. Bluish region in the superior angle of the fourth ventricle floor, corresponding to melanin-like pigmented nerve cells which lie lateral to the ponto-mesencephalic central gray (griseum centrale). It is also known as nucleus pigmentosus pontis[GAID]." [GAID:577, GO:0021703, Wikipedia:Locus_ceruleus]
comment: TODO - check ZFA/pons. also GO says part of dorsorostral pons
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "blue nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905]
synonym: "caerulean nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "locus caeruleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905]
synonym: "locus cinereus" RELATED [BTO:0001408]
synonym: "locus coeruleu" EXACT []
synonym: "locus coeruleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus caeruleus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72478, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus of locus caeruleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus pigmentosus pontis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905]
synonym: "substantia ferruginea" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905]
xref: ABA:LC
xref: BM:Pons-LC
xref: BTO:0001408
xref: EFO:0001963
xref: FMA:72478
xref: GAID:577
xref: MA:0001017
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.473
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905
xref: SCTID:369016004
xref: TAO:0000539
xref: UMLS:C0023951
xref: ZFA:0000539
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray709.png/200px-Gray709.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Locus_Coeruleus
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002149
name: superior salivatory nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "visceromotor cranial nerve nucleus located in the pontine tegmentum." [Wikipedia:Superior_salivatory_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "superior salivary nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021753]
xref: ABA:SSN
xref: EHDAA2:0004646
xref: FMA:72482
xref: MA:0001027
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1131
xref: SCTID:369028007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray788.png/200px-Gray788.png
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0004133  ! salivatory nucleus
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010125 ! future superior salivatory nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002150
name: superior cerebellar peduncle
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior cerebellar peduncles (brachium conjunctivum), two in number, emerge from the upper and medial part of the white substance of the hemispheres and are placed under cover of the upper part of the cerebellum. They are joined to each other across the middle line by the anterior medullary velum, and can be followed upward as far as the inferior colliculi, under which they disappear. Below, they form the upper lateral boundaries of the fourth ventricle, but as they ascend they converge on the dorsal aspect of the ventricle and thus assist in roofing it in. All fibers (except vestibular fibers to the vestibular nuclei through the inferior cerebellar peduncle) carrying information from the cerebellum to the midbrain and pons pass through the superior cerebellar peduncle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_peduncle]
comment: Editor notes: we follow NIF in dividing this into 3 parts. This allows for consistency with ABA. AO notes: we make the TAO class disjoint for now as it's not clear if this is the analagous structure
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "brachium conjunctivum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1711]
synonym: "pedunculus cerebellaris superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_peduncle]
synonym: "superior peduncle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_peduncle]
xref: BM:BC
xref: MA:0002746
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1711
xref: SCTID:279218008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray704.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray704.png/200px-Gray704.png
is_a: UBERON:0007416  ! cerebellar peduncle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002151
name: pontine nuclear group
namespace: uberon
def: "The pontine nuclei are a part of the pons which store the memory of intention during motor activity. Corticopontine fibres carry information from the primary motor cortex to the ipsilateral pontine nucleus in the ventral pons, and the pontocerebellar projection then carries that information to the contralateral cerebellum via the middle cerebellar peduncle. They therefore allow modification of actions in the light of their outcome, or error correction, and are hence important in learning motor skills. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_nuclei]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nuclei pontis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0003396, Wikipedia:Pontine_nuclei]
synonym: "pontine gray" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1516]
synonym: "pontine gray matter" RELATED [BTO:0003396]
synonym: "pontine nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1516]
synonym: "pontine nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:72512]
synonym: "pontine nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "pontine nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:PG
xref: BM:Pons-PGr
xref: BTO:0003396
xref: FMA:72512
xref: MA:0001021
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1516
xref: SCTID:304942009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Lower_pons_horizontal_KB.svg
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002567 ! basal part of pons
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002152
name: middle cerebellar peduncle
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle cerebellar peduncles (brachia pontis) are composed entirely of centripetal fibers, which arise from the cells of the nuclei pontis of the opposite side and end in the cerebellar cortex; the fibers are arranged in three fasciculi, superior, inferior, and deep. The superior fasciculus, the most superficial, is derived from the upper transverse fibers of the pons; it is directed backward and lateralward superficial to the other two fasciculi, and is distributed mainly to the lobules on the inferior surface of the cerebellar hemisphere and to the parts of the superior surface adjoining the posterior and lateral margins. The inferior fasciculus is formed by the lowest transverse fibers of the pons; it passes under cover of the superior fasciculus and is continued downward and backward more or less parallel with it, to be distributed to the folia on the under surface close to the vermis. The deep fasciculus comprises most of the deep transverse fibers of the pons. It is at first covered by the superior and inferior fasciculi, but crosses obliquely and appears on the medial side of the superior, from which it receives a bundle; its fibers spread out and pass to the upper anterior cerebellar folia. The fibers of this fasciculus cover those of the restiform body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebellar_peduncle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "brachium pontis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1529]
synonym: "pedunculus cerebellaris medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebellar_peduncle]
xref: BM:Pons-BP
xref: FMA:72515
xref: MA:0002745
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1529
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1699
xref: SCTID:279219000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Gray705.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Gray705.png/200px-Gray705.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0007416  ! cerebellar peduncle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002567 ! basal part of pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002153
name: fastigial nucleus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0008997
def: "The fastigial nucleus or nucleus fastigii refers specifically to the concentration of gray matter nearest to the middle line at the anterior end of the superior vermis, and immediately over the roof of the fourth ventricle, from which it is separated by a thin layer of white matter. It is smaller than the nucleus dentatus, but somewhat larger than the nucleus emboliformis and nucleus globosus, the other two independent centers of gray matter in the cerebellum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Fastigial_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "medial (fastigial) nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "medial cerebellar nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus fastigii" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0003839, Wikipedia:Fastigial_nucleus]
synonym: "roof nucleus-1" EXACT []
xref: ABA:FN
xref: BM:CB-CBM
xref: BTO:0003839
xref: FMA:72537
xref: MA:0001009
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1146
xref: SCTID:279224002
xref: VHOG:0001699
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray707.png/200px-Gray707.png
is_a: UBERON:0008995  ! nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002132
property_value: homology_notes "One or more deep cerebellar nuclei appear in agnathans, sharks, ropefishes, lungfishes, Latimeria, and amphibians. Reptiles have two nuclei (a medial and a lateral), and birds and mammals have three nuclei (a medial, a lateral, and an interposed nucleus). The medial nucleus of mammals is known as the fastigial nucleus, and the lateral nucleus is known as the dentate nucleus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002154
name: lateral reticular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral reticular nucleus, of the funiculus, can be divided into three subnuclei, the parvocellular, magnocellular and the subtrigeminal. As is typical of the reticular formation, none of these are very distinct subnuclei, but rather blurred distinctions between cell types and location. The lateral reticular nucleus sends all of its projections to the cerebellum. The parvocellular portion of the LRN and the immediately adjacent magnocellular portion send most their projections to the vermis of the cerebellum. The rest of the magnocellular subnucleus sends its projections to the hemisphere regions of the cerebellum. The subtrigeminal nucleus sends its projections to the flocculonodular lobe. All of these efferent pathways are projected in an ipsilateral manner to the cerebellum, the most abundant of which are those to the vermis. This nucleus is also involved in the mediation of inspiration (in-breathing) with a part of the ventral r. nucleus. The afferent pathways to the LRN come from the spinal cord and higher brain structures. Most of the afferents come from the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord and project exclusively to the parts of the LRN that do not receive input from the cortex. The spinal cord projections terminate mostly in the parvocellular region along with the adjacent magnocellular cells. This implies that most input from the spinal cord is relayed into the vermis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_reticular_nucleus]
comment: Comment: note in ABA this is disjoint from MDR, but we relax this here to accomodate FMA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral reticular nucleus (medulla)" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus reticularis lateralis medullae oblongatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_reticular_nucleus]
xref: ABA:LRN
xref: BM:LR
xref: FMA:72574
xref: MA:0001047
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081246
xref: TAO:0000535
xref: ZFA:0000535
is_a: UBERON:0002579  ! regional part of medullary reticular formation
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009775 ! lateral medullary reticular complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009775 ! lateral medullary reticular complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002155
name: gigantocellular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The gigantocellular nucleus, as the name indicates, is mainly composed of the so called giant neuronal cells. This nucleus has been known to innervate the caudal hypoglossal nucleus, and responds to glutamateric stimuli. The gigantocellular nucleus excites the hypoglossal nucleus, and can play a role in the actions of the said nerve . This nucleus receives connections from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, and parvocellular reticular nucleus. Retrograde studies have shown that the deep mesencephalic reticular formation and oral pontine reticular nucleus project to the nucleus gigantocellularis. The dorsal rostral section of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis is also involved mediating in expiration (or out-breathing) along with the parvocellular nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gigantocellular_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gigantocellular reticular nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus gigantocellularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72576, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:GRN
xref: FMA:72576
xref: MA:0001037
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005001
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002156
name: nucleus raphe magnus
namespace: uberon
def: "The nucleus raphe magnus, located directly rostral to the raphe obscurus, is afferently stimulated from axons in the spinal cord and cerebellum. This makes the magnus a likely candidate for part of the motor system; however, it seems to participate in the endogenous analgesia system. The magnus receives descending afferents from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, parvocellular reticular nucleus and the prelimbic, infralimbic, medial and lateral precentral cortices . All of these brain areas influence the main function of the raphe magnus. The main function of the magnus is mostly pain mediation; in fact it sends projections to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to directly inhibit pain. The periaquiductal gray, the epicenter of analgesia, sends efferent connections to the nucleus raphe magnus in when it is stimulated by opiates (endogenous or otherwise). Electrical stimulation of the PAG produces analgesia, as well as administration of morphine to the PAG or n.r. magnus. The antinociceptic effects of electrical stimulation of the PAG can be blocked by administering naloxone, an opiate antagonist, to the n.r. magnus. All of this seems to indicate that the magnus is part of the endogenous opiate system, and acts to inhibit pain in the spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_magnus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "magnus raphe nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus raphes magnus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72584, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_magnus]
synonym: "raphe magnus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_magnus]
synonym: "raphe magnus nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1363]
xref: ABA:RM
xref: EFO:0002518
xref: FMA:72584
xref: MA:0001024
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1363
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png
is_a: UBERON:0002677  ! regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 ! medullary raphe nuclear complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002157
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002684

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002157
name: nucleus raphe pallidus
namespace: uberon
def: "The nucleus raphe pallidus receives afferent connections from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, and parvocellular reticular nucleus. Also, the pallidus receives afferents from the medial preoptic area, median preoptic nucleus and lateral paragigantocellular reticular nuclei . The pallidus has recently been shown to be involved in the activation of a fever as an immunoreaction. It has been implied that the preoptic area is constantly inhibiting the raphe pallidus, especially the rostral portion, with GABA. When the preoptic area receives immune signals from the body, the inhibition stops and the rostral portion of the raphe pallidus excites the intermediolateral cell column, which induces a fever . The raphe pallidus has also been known to mediate the tachycardia response, an extremely high heart rate known to be incited by emotional or psychological stress. Microinjections of a GABA-a antagonist into the raphe pallidus, induces an increased heart rate. Conversely, microinjections of muscimol, a GABA-a agonist, inhibit tachycardia in rats under air-stress stimuli. In both of these cases, GABA is mediating two different sympathetic responses, so clearly the nucleus raphe pallidus is a far more a complex nucleus than previously thought. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_pallidus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus raphes pallidus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72586, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_pallidus]
synonym: "pallidal raphe nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "raphe pallidus nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:RPA
xref: FMA:72586
xref: MA:0001051
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1375
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png
is_a: UBERON:0002677  ! regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 ! medullary raphe nuclear complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002156
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002684

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002158
name: principal inferior olivary nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that consists of the major laminar structure." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "chief inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "convoluted olive" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081248]
synonym: "inferior olivary complex, principal olive" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior olive principal nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior olive, principal nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "main olivary nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus olivaris principalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72592, FMA:TA]
synonym: "principal nucleus of inferior olive" EXACT []
synonym: "principal olivary nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "principal olive" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081248]
xref: FMA:72592
xref: MA:0001046
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081248
is_a: UBERON:0007244  ! inferior olivary nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002159
name: medial accessory inferior olivary nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that lies between the primary olivary nucleus and the pyramid, and forms a curved lamina, the concavity of which is directed laterally" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "inferior olivary complex, medial accessory olive" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior olive medial nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior olive, medial nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "medial accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus olivaris accessorius medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72594, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:72594
xref: MA:0001045
xref: SCTID:369069003
is_a: UBERON:0007244  ! inferior olivary nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002160
name: nucleus prepositus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "nucleus praepositus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2652]
synonym: "nucleus prepositus hypoglossus" RELATED []
synonym: "prepositus hypoglossal nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "prepositus nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:PRP
xref: FMA:72596
xref: MA:0001023
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2652
xref: SCTID:369078009
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002881

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002161
name: gracile nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "Located in the medulla oblongata, the gracile nucleus is one of the dorsal column nuclei that participate in the sensation of fine touch and proprioception of the lower body (legs and trunk). It contains second-order neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscus system, which receive inputs from sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia and send axons that synapse in the thalamus. The neurons contained within the nucleus form a visible bump called the gracile tubercle on the posterior side of the closed medulla at the floor of the fourth ventricle. The gracile nucleus and fasciculus carry epicritic, kinesthetic, and conscious proprioceptive information from the lower part of the body (below the level of T6 in the spinal cord). The counterpart to the gracile nucleus and fasciculus is the cuneate nucleus and fasciculus, which carries the same type of information, but from the upper body (above T6, excepting the face and ear - the information from the face and ear is carried by the primary sensory trigeminal nucleus). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gracile_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Goll's nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "golls nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2643]
synonym: "nucleus gracilis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2643, Wikipedia:Gracile_nucleus]
xref: ABA:GR
xref: BM:Me-Gr
xref: EV:0100280
xref: FMA:72602
xref: MA:0001038
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2643
xref: SCTID:369071003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Gray688.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gray688.png/200px-Gray688.png
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002045

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002162
name: area postrema
namespace: uberon
def: "A small, rounded eminence on each side of the FOURTH VENTRICLE, which receives nerve fibers from the SOLITARY NUCLEUS , SPINAL CORD, and adjacent areas of the MEDULLA. The area postrema lies outside the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER and its functions include acting as an emetic chemoreceptor." [MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.406.286, Wikipedia:Area_postrema]
comment: Function notes: vomiting center in humans[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: ABA:AP
xref: BTO:0003425
xref: FMA:72607
xref: GAID:591
xref: MA:0001034
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.406.286
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2636
xref: SCTID:369039005
xref: TAO:0005146
xref: ZFA:0005146
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray709.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray709.png/200px-Gray709.png
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
is_a: UBERON:0010135  ! sensory circumventricular organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633
property_value: external_definition "An area of medulla oblongata, outside the blood-brain barrier.  The apical terminals of the neurons are, in a strategic location either to monitor the chemical constitution of the plasma or to release neurogenic substances into the general circulation. Ma 1997.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002163
name: inferior cerebellar peduncle
namespace: uberon
def: "The upper part of the posterior district of the medulla oblongata is occupied by the inferior peduncle, a thick rope-like strand situated between the lower part of the fourth ventricle and the roots of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. Each cerebellar inferior peduncle connects the medulla spinalis and medulla oblongata with the cerebellum, and comprises the juxtarestiform body and restiform body. Important fibers running through the inferior cerebellar peduncle include the spinocerebellar tract and axons from the inferior olivary nucleus, among others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_peduncle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corpus restiforme" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72615, FMA:TA]
synonym: "inferior peduncle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_peduncle]
synonym: "pedunculus cerebellaris inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_peduncle]
synonym: "restiform body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1691]
xref: BM:RB
xref: FMA:72615
xref: MA:0002744
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1645
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1691
xref: SCTID:362418008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray677.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gray677.png/200px-Gray677.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0007416  ! cerebellar peduncle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002164
name: tectobulbar tract
namespace: uberon
def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the optic tectum towards target cells in the premotor reticulospinal system in the hindbrain." [GO:0034429]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "tecto-bulbar tract" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72645
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_750
xref: SCTID:369265000
xref: TAO:0000446
xref: ZFA:0000446
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002165
name: endocardium
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0006225
def: "The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers[GO]. Tunica intima which has as its parts the endothelium of endocardium and the fibroelastic connective tissue that surrounds the cavity of a cardiac chamber[FMA]." [FMA:7280, Wikipedia:Endocardium]
comment: fixed in GO to reflect FMA. See email to David/Varsha June 18 2010
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "endocardial tissue" EXACT [EMAPA:17868]
synonym: "heart endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0000084]
synonym: "heart endocardium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010408
xref: BTO:0000387
xref: EFO:0000821
xref: EHDAA2:0004153
xref: EMAPA:17868
xref: EV:0100021
xref: FMA:7280
xref: GAID:550
xref: MA:0000076
xref: MAT:0000455
xref: MESH:A07.541.207
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rsWA75K1cEduAAADggVaqvw
xref: SCTID:362013006
xref: TAO:0001320
xref: UMLS:C0014124
xref: VHOG:0000084
xref: XAO:0000066
xref: ZFA:0001320
xref: galen:Endocardium
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray493.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Gray493.png/200px-Gray493.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Endocardium
is_a: UBERON:0002523  ! tunica intima
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003084 ! heart primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007280 ! presumptive endocardium
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
property_value: external_definition "Layer that lines the lumen of the heart.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the heart comprised of thin serous membrane, composed of endothelial tissue, that lines the interior of the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002166
name: endocardium of atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "Endocardium that is part of the atrium." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Cardiac atria endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "atrial endocardium" EXACT []
synonym: "atrium endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0000606]
synonym: "atrium endocardium" EXACT []
synonym: "atrium of heart endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac atrium endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart atrium endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:7284
xref: MA:0000077
xref: SCTID:192001005
xref: TAO:0002169
xref: VHOG:0000606
xref: ZFA:0001614
is_a: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002167
name: right lung
namespace: uberon
def: "Lung which consists of the right upper lobe, middle lobe and right lower lobe.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_lung]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EHDAA2:0001730
xref: EHDAA:4969
xref: EMAPA:17661
xref: FMA:7309
xref: MA:0000426
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361967000
xref: UMLS:C0225706
xref: VHOG:0000301
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Gray972.png/200px-Gray972.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0002048  ! lung
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs
intersection_of: UBERON:0002048  ! lung
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs
property_value: homology_notes "Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002168
name: left lung
namespace: uberon
def: "Lung which consists of the left upper lobe and left lower lobe.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_lung]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EHDAA2:0000943
xref: EHDAA:4947
xref: EMAPA:17653
xref: FMA:7310
xref: MA:0000425
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361982005
xref: UMLS:C0225730
xref: VHOG:0000618
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Gray973.png/200px-Gray973.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0002048  ! lung
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs
intersection_of: UBERON:0002048  ! lung
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs
property_value: homology_notes "Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002169
name: alveolar sac
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0008871
def: "the small terminal dilation of the alveolar ducts around which the alveoli form pocket-like clusters" [MP:0010902, Wikipedia:Alveolar_sac]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "air sac" RELATED [MP:0010902]
synonym: "pulmonary alveolar sac" EXACT [MP:0010902]
synonym: "sacculus alveolaris" EXACT [FMA:7317]
xref: BTO:0000061
xref: FMA:7317
xref: MA:0000418
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCvh75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361964007
xref: UMLS:C0225691
xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Sac
is_a: UBERON:0000115  ! lung epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000117  ! respiratory tube
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008874 ! pulmonary acinus
intersection_of: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008874 ! pulmonary acinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002170
name: upper lobe of right lung
namespace: uberon
def: "The lobe of the right lung that is closest to the head." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lobus superior pulmonis dextri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "right cranial lobe of lung" EXACT []
synonym: "right lung cranial lobe" EXACT [MA:0000429]
synonym: "right lung superior lobe" RELATED [MA:0000429]
synonym: "right upper lobe" EXACT [FMA:7333]
synonym: "right upper lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7333]
synonym: "superior lobe of right lung" EXACT [FMA:7333]
synonym: "upper lobe of right lung" EXACT [galen:UpperLobeOfRightLung]
xref: EHDAA2:0001747
xref: EHDAA:4987
xref: EMAPA:17991
xref: FMA:7333
xref: MA:0000429
xref: SCTID:361969002
xref: UMLS:C1261074
xref: VHOG:0000859
xref: galen:UpperLobeOfRightLung
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0006518  ! right lung lobe
is_a: UBERON:0008948  ! upper lobe of lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0008948  ! upper lobe of lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002171
name: lower lobe of right lung
namespace: uberon
def: "The lobe of the right lung that is furtherst from the head." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "inferior lobe of right lung" EXACT [FMA:7337]
synonym: "lobus inferior pulmonis dextri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7337, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lower lobe of right lung" EXACT [galen:LowerLobeOfRightLung]
synonym: "right caudal lobe of lung" EXACT []
synonym: "right lower lobe" EXACT [FMA:7337]
synonym: "right lower lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7337]
synonym: "right lung caudal lobe" RELATED [MA:0000428]
synonym: "right lung inferior lobe" RELATED [MA:0000428]
xref: EHDAA2:0001740
xref: EHDAA:4979
xref: EMAPA:17986
xref: FMA:7337
xref: MA:0000428
xref: SCTID:361976007
xref: UMLS:C1261075
xref: VHOG:0000857
xref: galen:LowerLobeOfRightLung
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0006518  ! right lung lobe
is_a: UBERON:0008949  ! lower lobe of lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0008949  ! lower lobe of lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002173
name: alveolar duct
namespace: uberon
def: "Alveolar ducts are the tiny end ducts of the branching airways that fill the lungs. Each lung holds approximately 1.5 to 2 million of them. The tubules divide into two or three alveolar sacs at the distal end. They are formed from the confluence openings of several alveoli. Distal terminations of alveolar ducts are atria which then end in alveolar sacs. In human anatomy, respiratory bronchioles exists proximal to the alveolar ducts. The epithelial lining consists of smooth muscle knobs covered by nonciliated, simple cuboidal cells. The smooth muscle constricts under parasympathetic innervation and relax under sympathetic innervation. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Alveolar_duct]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:7341
xref: MA:0000417
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXmfV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0391892
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Gray975.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002174
name: middle lobe of right lung
namespace: uberon
def: "In the human, the right lung is divided into three lobes (as opposed to two lobes on the left), superior, middle, and inferior, by two interlobular fissures: [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_lobe_of_right_lung]
comment: Called 'middle lobe of lung' in FMA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intermediate lobe of right lung" EXACT []
synonym: "lobus medius pulmonis dextri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7383, FMA:TA]
synonym: "middle lobe of lung" BROAD [FMA:7383]
synonym: "right lung middle lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "right lung, middle lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "right medial lobe" BROAD []
synonym: "right medial lobe of lung" EXACT []
synonym: "right middle lobe" BROAD []
synonym: "right middle lobe of lung" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:17997
xref: FMA:7383
xref: MA:0000430
xref: SCTID:361973004
xref: UMLS:C0225757
xref: galen:MiddleLobeOfRightLung
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Gray972.png/200px-Gray972.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0006518  ! right lung lobe
is_a: UBERON:0008955  ! middle lobe of lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0008955  ! middle lobe of lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002175
name: intermediolateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The intermediolateral nucleus is a region of gray matter found in Rexed lamina VII of the spinal column. Rexed Lamina VII contains several well defined nuclei including the nucleus dorsalis, the intermediolateral cell column (lateral gray horn), and the sacral autonomic nucleus. It extends from the first thoracic through the third lumbar segment, and contains the autonomic motor neurons that give rise to the preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intermediolateral_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intermediolateral nucleus of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus intermediolateralis medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:73915, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Intermediolateral_nucleus]
synonym: "spinal cord intermediolateral nucleus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:73915
xref: MA:0002753
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002176
name: lateral cervical nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:73921
xref: MA:0002755
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002177
name: right main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "The main bronchus on the right side." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Right_main_bronchus]
comment: Divides into 3 lobar bronchi in humans[ISBN10:0123813611]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchus principalis dexter" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_main_bronchus]
synonym: "right bronchus" EXACT []
synonym: "right primary bronchus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_main_bronchus]
synonym: "right principal bronchus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_main_bronchus]
xref: FMA:7395
xref: MA:0001849
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvoIuvJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361955002
xref: UMLS:C0225608
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Main_Bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0002182  ! main bronchus
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006518 ! right lung lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0002182  ! main bronchus
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0006518 ! right lung lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002178
name: left main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "The main bronchus on the left side." [Wikipedia:Left_main_bronchus]
comment: Divides into 2 lobar bronchi in humans[ISBN10:0123813611]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchus principalis sinister" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_main_bronchus]
synonym: "left bronchus" EXACT []
synonym: "left primary bronchus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Left_main_bronchus]
synonym: "left principal bronchus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Left_main_bronchus]
xref: FMA:7396
xref: MA:0001843
xref: SCTID:361959008
xref: UMLS:C0225630
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Main_Bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0002182  ! main bronchus
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0008951 ! left lung lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0002182  ! main bronchus
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0008951 ! left lung lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002179
name: lateral funiculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The most lateral of the bundles of the anterior nerve roots is generally taken as a dividing line that separates the antero-lateral region into two parts, viz. , an anterior funiculus, between the anterior median fissure and the most lateral of the anterior nerve roots; and a lateral funiculus, between the exit of these roots and the postero-lateral sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_funiculus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "funiculus lateralis medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_funiculus]
synonym: "lateral funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:74000]
xref: FMA:74000
xref: SCTID:362434006
xref: TAO:0000533
xref: ZFA:0000533
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0006127  ! funiculus of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002180
name: ventral funiculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The most lateral of the bundles of the anterior nerve roots is generally taken as a dividing line that separates the antero-lateral region into two parts, viz. , an anterior funiculus, between the anterior median fissure and the most lateral of the anterior nerve roots; and a lateral funiculus, between the exit of these roots and the postero-lateral sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_funiculus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior funiculus" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:74003]
synonym: "funiculus anterior medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74003, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ventral funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:74003]
xref: FMA:74003
xref: SCTID:362429007
xref: TAO:0000605
xref: ZFA:0000605
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0006127  ! funiculus of spinal cord
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002181
name: substantia gelatinosa
namespace: uberon
def: "Gelatinous-appearing material in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, consisting chiefly of Golgi type II neurons and some larger nerve cells." [MESH:A08.186.854.610.800, Wikipedia:Central_gelatinous_substance_of_spinal_cord_of_Rolando]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "central gelatinous substance of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "gelatinous substance of Rolando" EXACT [FMA:74019]
synonym: "gelatinous substance of dorsal horn of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "gelatinous substance of posterior horn of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "substantia gelatinosa cornu posterioris medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74019, FMA:TA]
xref: EV:0100318
xref: FMA:74019
xref: GAID:701
xref: MA:0001124
xref: MESH:A08.186.854.610.800
xref: UMLS:C0038588
xref: ncithesaurus:Substantia_Gelatinosa
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002182
name: main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two branches of the trachea." [Wikipedia:Main_bronchus]
comment: In humans, histologically identical to trachea.
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchus principalis" EXACT [FMA:7405]
synonym: "extrapulmonary bronchus" EXACT [ISBN10:0123813611]
synonym: "mainstem bronchus" EXACT []
synonym: "primary bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7405]
synonym: "principal bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7405]
synonym: "proximal bronchus" RELATED []
xref: EFO:0000932
xref: EHDAA2:0001044
xref: EHDAA:3072
xref: EMAPA:16849
xref: FMA:7405
xref: MA:0000438
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvoIuvJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245508000
xref: UMLS:C0024496
xref: VHOG:0000370
xref: ncithesaurus:Main_Bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0002185  ! bronchus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008947 ! respiratory primordium
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002183
name: lobar bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lobar bronchus is the major airway within the respiratory tree that starts by division of the principal bronchi on both sides and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi[GO]." [GO:0060482, Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus]
comment: Structure notes: They have relatively large lumens that are lined by respiratory epithelium. There is a smooth muscle layer below the epithelium arranged as two ribbons of muscle that spiral in opposite directions. This smooth muscle layer contains seromucous glands. Irregularly arranged plates of hyaline cartilage surround the smooth muscle. These plates give structural support to the bronchus and maintain the patency of the lumen.
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchi lobaris" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus]
synonym: "lobar bronchi" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus]
synonym: "secondary bronchi" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus]
synonym: "secondary bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7406, Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus]
xref: EHDAA:4955
xref: EHDAA:4963
xref: EHDAA:4977
xref: EHDAA:4985
xref: EHDAA:4993
xref: EHDAA:8175
xref: EHDAA:8187
xref: EHDAA:8203
xref: EHDAA:8213
xref: EHDAA:8225
xref: EMAPA:17998
xref: FMA:7406
xref: MA:0000437
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQMLXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245509008
xref: UMLS:C0225653
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Lobar_Bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0002185  ! bronchus
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002184
name: segmental bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "The tertiary bronchi (also known as the segmental bronchi) arise from the secondary bronchi. The respiratory epithelium lining their lumen is surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle. This layer is composed of two ribbons of smooth muscle that spiral in opposite directions. The smooth muscle layer is surrounded by irregular plates of hyaline cartilage which help maintain the patency of the airway. Each of the tertiary bronchi serves a specific bronchopulmonary segment. There are 10 tertiary bronchi in the right lung, and eight in the left. The tertiary bronchi get smaller and divide into primary bronchioles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Segmental_bronchus]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "tertiary bronchus" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA:7043
xref: EHDAA:7049
xref: EHDAA:7058
xref: EHDAA:7064
xref: EHDAA:7070
xref: FMA:7407
xref: MA:0000439
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQGFgZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245513001
xref: UMLS:C0444439
xref: VHOG:0001446
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Segmental_Bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0002185  ! bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002185
name: bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of the airway that connects to the lungs[GO]." [Wikipedia:Bronchus]
comment: In humans, the main bronchus is histologically identical to trachea; 2ary and 3ary bronchi are not; epithelium becomes simple columnar, goblet cell number decreases, elastic fibers in lamina propria increases, distribution more uniform. Muscular layer between mucosa and submucosa appears. cartilage rings become discontinuous plates connected by fibrous connective tissue
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchi" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "bronchial tissue" RELATED [BTO:0001340]
synonym: "bronchial trunk" EXACT [FMA:7409]
xref: BTO:0001340
xref: EFO:0000932
xref: EV:0100041
xref: FMA:7409
xref: GAID:346
xref: MA:0000436
xref: MAT:0000133
xref: MESH:A04.411.125
xref: MIAA:0000133
xref: SCTID:181215002
xref: UMLS:C0006255
xref: VHOG:0000262
xref: XAO:0000121
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Respiratory_system_complete_numbered.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Respiratory_system_complete_numbered.svg/200px-Respiratory_system_complete_numbered.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0001005  ! respiratory airway
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005178  ! thoracic cavity organ
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007196 ! tracheobronchial tree
property_value: external_definition "Each of the two primary divisions of the trachea leading respectively into the right and the left lung. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "bronchial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002186
name: bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "the first airway branch that no longer contains cartilage; it is a branch of the bronchus[GO]." [Wikipedia:Bronchiole]
comment: Structure notes: lacks submucosa and cartilage plates; they have 3 layers: mucosa, muscular layer and outer layer[ISBN10:0123813611]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchioli" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "bronchiolus" RELATED [BTO:0002375]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole" EXACT [FMA:7410]
xref: BTO:0002375
xref: EHDAA:8171
xref: EHDAA:8183
xref: EHDAA:8199
xref: EHDAA:8221
xref: FMA:7410
xref: MA:0000422
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvl9iDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278982001
xref: UMLS:C0006270
xref: VHOG:0000675
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0000115  ! lung epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000117  ! respiratory tube
is_a: UBERON:0002031  ! epithelium of bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007196 ! tracheobronchial tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010368 ! pulmonary lobule
property_value: has_relational_adjective "bronchiolar" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002187
name: terminal bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A terminal bronchiole is a bronchiole at the end of the conducting zone. At the transition into the respiratory zone, alveoli become present. The terminal bronchiole is the most distal segment of the conducting zone. Each of the terminal bronchioles divides to form respiratory bronchioles which contain a small number of alveoli. Terminal bronchioles are lined with simple cuboidal epithelium containing Clara cells. Terminal bronchioles contain a limited number of ciliated cells and no goblet cells. Clara cells are non-ciliated, rounded protein secreting cells. Their secretions are a nonsticky, proteinaceous compound to maintain the airway in the smallest bronchioles. The secretion, called surfactant, reduces surface tension allowing for bronchioles to expand during inspiration and keeping the bronchioles from collapsing during expiration. Clara cells, a stem cell of the respiratory system, produce enzymes that detoxify substances dissolved in the respiratory fluid. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Terminal_bronchiole]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchioli terminalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Terminal_bronchiole]
synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT LATIN []
xref: BTO:0003223
xref: FMA:7411
xref: MA:0000424
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwS7IU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278981008
xref: UMLS:C0225666
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Terminal_Bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002188
name: respiratory bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that is the first segment of the respiratory zone." [ISBN10:0123813611, Wikipedia:Respiratory_bronchiole]
comment: Taxon notes: mice have few or none of these structures, with the terminal bronchioles transitioning directly to the alveolary ducts[ISBN10:0123813611]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorii" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Respiratory_bronchiole]
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7412]
xref: BTO:0003222
xref: FMA:7412
xref: MA:0000423
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwS6ki5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:128517006
xref: UMLS:C1261270
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_Bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002173 ! alveolar duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008874 ! pulmonary acinus
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002189
name: outer cortex of kidney
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "kidney outer cortex" EXACT [MA:0001649]
synonym: "outer renal cortex" EXACT []
xref: FMA:74285
xref: MA:0001649
is_a: UBERON:0001225  ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002190
name: subcutaneous adipose tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "An adipose tissue that is part of a hypodermis." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue" EXACT [FMA:74315]
synonym: "panniculus adiposus (tela subcutanea)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74315, FMA:TA]
synonym: "panniculus adiposus telae subcutaneae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74315, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0004042
xref: FMA:74315
xref: MA:0000473
is_a: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002192
name: ventricular system choroidal fissure
namespace: uberon
def: "The narrow cleft along the medial wall of the lateral ventricle along the margins of which the choroid plexus is attached; it lies between the upper surface of the thalamus and lateral edge of the fornix in the central part of the ventricle and between the terminal stria and fimbria hippocampi in the inferior horn[ZFA]." [ISBN:0815318960, ZFA:0001075]
comment: Usage notes: not to be confused with optic fissure. the choroidal fissure is a subarachnoid space (via subarachnoid fissure in FMA). AO notes: Most ontologies appear to have switched to using less confusing primary terms for optic and choroidal fissues. Still need to check FMA - two possible terms? CARO notes: is this a groove or a space or a line? Structure notes: relate to lateral ventricle?
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "chorioid fissure" RELATED [FMA:74512]
synonym: "chorioidal fissure" RELATED [FMA:74512]
synonym: "choroid fissure" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:74512, TAO:0001075]
synonym: "choroid invagination" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000250]
synonym: "choroidal fissure" RELATED [FMA:74512]
synonym: "choroidal fissure of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83715]
synonym: "lateral ventricle choroid fissure" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000250]
synonym: "ventricular system choroid fissure" EXACT [VHOG:0001756]
xref: EHDAA2:0000250
xref: EHDAA:7567
xref: EMAPA:17548
xref: EMAPA:17768
xref: FMA:74512
xref: FMA:83715
xref: TAO:0001075
xref: UMLS:C0262212
xref: VHOG:0001756
xref: ZFA:0001075
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroidal_Fissure
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005412  ! optic fissure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002193
name: hemolymphoid system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the hematopoietic system and the lymphoid system, or its analogs." []
synonym: "haemolymphoid system" RELATED []
synonym: "hematolymphoid system" EXACT []
synonym: "lymphomyeloid complex" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0004615
xref: EMAPA:18534
xref: EMAPA:18765
xref: FMA:74562
xref: MA:0000013
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002194
name: capsule of lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "Capsule surrounding lymph node composed of connective tissue with some plain muscle fibers. from its internal surface are given off a number of membranous processes or trabeculae, consisting, in man, of connective tissue, with a small admixture of plain muscle fibers; but in many of the lower animals composed almost entirely of involuntary muscle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lymph_node_capsule]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lymph node capsule" EXACT []
xref: FMA:74604
xref: MA:0000739
xref: SCTID:327532004
xref: UMLS:C0229699
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Lymphknoten_%28Schwein%29.jpg/200px-Lymphknoten_%28Schwein%29.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
intersection_of: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002195
name: trabecula of lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "Membranous process coming from capsule of lymph node[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lymph_node_trabeculae]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "lymph node trabecula" EXACT []
synonym: "lymph node trabeculum" EXACT []
xref: FMA:74605
xref: MA:0000746
xref: UMLS:C1184179
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray598.png/200px-Gray598.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Trabecula
is_a: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002196
name: adenohypophysis
namespace: uberon
def: "The glandular, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary regulates several physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction[WP]. The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin. In contrast to mammalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Adenohypophysis, ZFIN:curator]
comment: note that BTO may contain an error here. Also note we may need to introduce taxon-specific developmental relationships: \"While in most basal fish and tetrapods the adenohypophyseal anlagen invaginates to form Rathkebs pouch, in teleost fish the adenohypophyseal placode does not invaginate but rather maintains its initial organization forming a solid structure in the head\"[NBK53175]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior hypophysis" EXACT [ZFA:0001282]
synonym: "anterior lobe (hypophysis)" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior lobe of hypophysis" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior lobe of pituitary" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior pituitary" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior pituitary gland" RELATED [BTO:0000040]
synonym: "lobus anterior (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74627, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lobus anterior hypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74627, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pituitary gland, anterior lobe" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010540
xref: BM:AHy
xref: BTO:0000040
xref: BTO:0000496
xref: EFO:0000230
xref: EHDAA2:0000109
xref: EMAPA:17514
xref: FMA:74627
xref: MA:0000177
xref: MESH:A06.407.747.608
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1581
xref: SCTID:245532007
xref: TAO:0001282
xref: UMLS:C0032008
xref: VHOG:0000141
xref: ZFA:0001282
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gray1181.png/200px-Gray1181.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Lobe_of_the_Pituitary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009122 ! adenohypophyseal placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000007 ! pituitary gland
property_value: external_definition "Region of the pituitary gland derived from the buccal protrusion consisting of three regions.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin.  In contrast to mamalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish. Herzog et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002197
name: median eminence of neurohypophysis
namespace: uberon
def: "The median eminence is part of the inferior boundary for the hypothalamus part of the human brain. A small swelling on the tuber cinereum posterior to the infundibulum - atop the pituitary stalk - the median eminence lies in the area roughly bounded on its posterolateral region by the cerebral peduncles, and on its anterolateral region by the optic chiasm. The median eminence is one of the seven areas of the brain devoid of a blood-brain barrier. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Median_eminence]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "eminentia mediana hypothalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74634, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Median_eminence]
synonym: "median eminence" EXACT []
synonym: "median eminence of hypothalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "median eminence of posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT []
synonym: "median eminence of tuber cinereum" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010539
xref: BM:ME
xref: BTO:0001954
xref: EHDAA2:0001080
xref: EHDAA:7540
xref: EMAPA:17521
xref: FMA:74634
xref: GAID:463
xref: MA:0000859
xref: MESH:A06.407.747.734.500
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_925
xref: SCTID:369121004
xref: VHOG:0001179
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005408  ! circumventricular organ
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis
property_value: external_definition "Region of the neurohypophysis.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002198
name: neurohypophysis
namespace: uberon
def: "comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system[WP]." [Wikipedia:Neurohypophysis]
comment: Editor note - request magnocellular cell from CL. Request oxytocin secretion from GO. Notes: \"The hypophysis or pituitary gland is derived, in part from an ectodermal outpocketing of the stomodeum (Rathke's Pouch) and in part from the floor of the diencephalon\" [http://syllabus.med.unc.edu/courseware/embryo_images/]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "infundibular process" EXACT [FMA:74628]
synonym: "lobus nervosus neurohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74628, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lobus posterior (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74628, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lobus posterior hypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74628, FMA:TA]
synonym: "neural lobe" EXACT [FMA:74628]
synonym: "neural lobe of pituitary" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1586]
synonym: "neural lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74628]
synonym: "neurohypophysis" EXACT []
synonym: "pituitary gland, posterior lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior lobe of pituitary" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74628]
synonym: "posterior pituitary" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior pituitary gland" RELATED [BTO:0000937]
xref: AAO:0010537
xref: BM:NY
xref: BTO:0000937
xref: EHDAA2:0001271
xref: EHDAA:7536
xref: EMAPA:17519
xref: FMA:74628
xref: MA:0000178
xref: MESH:A06.407.747.734
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1586
xref: SCTID:245527006
xref: TAO:0001271
xref: UMLS:C0032009
xref: VHOG:0000142
xref: ZFA:0001271
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG/200px-Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Lobe_of_the_Pituitary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0003296  ! gland of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010134  ! secretory circumventricular organ
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006250 ! infundibular recess of 3rd ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000007 ! pituitary gland
property_value: external_definition "The infundibular part of the pituitary gland consisting of two regions.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002199
name: integument
namespace: uberon
def: "The dermis, epidermis and hypodermis." [Wikipedia:Integument]
comment: Usage notes: in FMA intergument = skin+superficial fascia(hypodermis), skin=dermis+epidermis+hair_nail. Note that the definition provided here excludes the more general sense of the term 'integument' used in invertebrates. Note that the VSAO class appears to include adnexa by its definition.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Hautsystem" RELATED [BTO:0000634]
synonym: "dermal system" RELATED [BTO:0000634]
synonym: "dermoid system" RELATED [BTO:0000634]
synonym: "integumentum commune" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74657, FMA:TA]
synonym: "skin" RELATED []
synonym: "tegument" RELATED [BTO:0000634]
synonym: "the integument" EXACT [FMA:74657]
xref: AAO:0000239
xref: BTO:0000634
xref: EHDAA2:0001844
xref: FMA:74657
xref: MESH:A17.815
xref: TAO:0000368
xref: VSAO:0000029
xref: ZFA:0000368
xref: galen:Integument
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is the outer protective covering of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The outer protective barrier that separates the animal from its aquatic environment. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "integumental" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "integumentary" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002200
name: vasculature of head
namespace: uberon
def: "Vasculature that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "adult head vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult head vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial vasculature" EXACT []
synonym: "head vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head vasculature" RELATED []
synonym: "vascular network of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vascular network of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vasculature of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003656
xref: FMA:74710
xref: TAO:0001267
xref: XAO:0004152
xref: ZFA:0001267
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002201
name: vasculature of trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "torso vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk vasculature" EXACT []
synonym: "vascular network of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vascular network of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vasculature of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:74712
xref: TAO:0005024
xref: ZFA:0005024
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002202
name: submucosa of trachea
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a trachea." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "submucosa of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "tracheal submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "windpipe submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0002115
xref: FMA:7472
xref: MA:0001860
xref: SCTID:4419000
xref: UMLS:C0225586
xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004777  ! respiratory system submucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002203
name: vasculature of eye
namespace: uberon
def: "Vasculature that is part of the eye region." [OBOL:automatic, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3489658&group_id=76834&atid=994726]
comment: not part of the eye in ZFA. Note this changed to a blood vessel in ZFA
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "eye vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eye vasculature" RELATED []
synonym: "ocular blood vessel" EXACT [ZFA:0007057]
synonym: "ocular vasculature" EXACT []
synonym: "optic vasculature" RELATED []
synonym: "vascular network of eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:74743
xref: SCTID:123846009
xref: TAO:0007057
xref: ZFA:0007057
is_a: UBERON:0002200  ! vasculature of head
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002204
name: musculoskeletal system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that consists of the muscular and skeletal systems." [VSAO:0000031, Wikipedia:Musculoskeletal_system]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculo-skeletal system" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010546
xref: EV:0100139
xref: FMA:7482
xref: GAID:98
xref: MA:0002418
xref: MESH:A02
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rQRpVNgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g
xref: SCTID:278858007
xref: UMLS:C0026860
xref: VHOG:0001275
xref: VSAO:0000031
xref: XAO:0000168
xref: ncithesaurus:Musculoskeletal_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294  ! biliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that provides locomotion and physical support to the organism.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "musculoskeletal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "There are more than 50,000 extant vertebrate species, representing over 500 million years of evolution. During that time, the vertebrate musculoskeletal systems have adapted to aquatic, terrestrial, fossorial, and arboreal lifestyles, while simultaneously retaining functionally integrated axial and appendicular skeletal systems.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002205
name: manubrium of sternum
namespace: uberon
def: "broad, upper part of the sternum. Located ventrally with a quadrangular shape, wider superiorly and narrower inferiorly, it articulates with the clavicles and the first two ribs[WP]." [Wikipedia:Manubrium]
comment: May be cartilage in some species.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "manubrium" BROAD []
synonym: "manubrium of sternum" EXACT []
synonym: "manubrium sterni" EXACT [EMAPA:18723]
synonym: "sternal manubrium" EXACT [MA:0001332]
xref: EMAPA:18723
xref: FMA:7486
xref: GAID:247
xref: MA:0001332
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.904.766.442
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXOLAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182014008
xref: UMLS:C1710195
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray116.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray116.png/200px-Gray116.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sternal_Manubrium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
is_a: UBERON:0010363  ! endochondral element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011301 ! manubrium sternum pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
relationship: serially_homologous_to UBERON:0002208 ! sternebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002206
name: mammillary body
namespace: uberon
def: "The mammilary body is a protrusion at the posterior end of the hypothalamus that contains hypothalamic nuclei[GO]." [Wikipedia:Mammillary_body]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "corpus mamillare" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Mammillary_body, ZFA:0000334]
xref: ABA:MBO
xref: FMA:74877
xref: GAID:652
xref: MA:0000174
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.362.500
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_865
xref: SCTID:279306001
xref: TAO:0000334
xref: UMLS:C0024670
xref: ZFA:0000334
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray1180.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray1180.png/200px-Gray1180.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mamillary_Body
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002207
name: xiphoid process
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous extension to the distal part of the sternum." [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3153001&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: this class may represent a mixed bony-cartilage element, or it may be the superclass of either purely cartilage or purely ossified elements. Taxon notes: usually ossified in the adult human. By age 15 to 29, the xiphoid usually fuses to the body of the sternum with a fibrous joint. Unlike the synovial articulation of major joints, this is non-movable. Much the way the first seven ribs articulate with the sternum, the cartilage in the celiac plexus joins on the xiphoid process, reinforcing it, and indirectly attaches the costal cartilage to the sternum. [WP,unvetted]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "metasternum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
synonym: "processus xiphoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
synonym: "xiphisternum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
synonym: "xiphoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
synonym: "xiphoid process" EXACT [FMA:7488, Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
synonym: "xiphoid process of sternum" EXACT []
synonym: "xiphoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
synonym: "xiphosternal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
synonym: "xyphoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
xref: FMA:7488
xref: MA:0001334
xref: SCTID:272711000
xref: UMLS:C0043356
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray117.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray117.png/200px-Gray117.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Xiphoid_Process
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
relationship: serially_homologous_to UBERON:0002208 ! sternebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002208
name: sternebra
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the bony segments of the sternum[TFD]." [Wikipedia:Sternebra, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sternebra]
comment: Note that some definitions state that this a segment of the primordial sternum.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sternebral bone" RELATED [EMAPA:18724]
xref: EMAPA:18724
xref: FMA:7489
xref: MA:0001333
xref: SCTID:95955004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Illu_thoracic_cage.jpg/200px-Illu_thoracic_cage.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003827  ! thoracic segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006295 ! sternebral bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002209
name: fibrous joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, gomphosis.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Fibrous_joint]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "articulatio fibrosa" EXACT []
synonym: "junctura fibrosa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fibrous_joint]
xref: AEO:0000178
xref: EHDAA2:0003178
xref: FMA:7492
xref: MA:0000321
xref: SCTID:37772004
xref: TAO:0005156
xref: ZFA:0005156
is_a: UBERON:0011134  ! nonsynovial joint
property_value: external_definition "A joint where fibrous tissue such as ligament connects two calcified tissues.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002210
name: syndesmosis
namespace: uberon
def: "Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the vertebral column and the limbs as well as articulating ossicles, are connected by skeletal ligaments or membranes. Examples: Intervertebral syndesmosis, inferior tibiofibular joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Syndesmosis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:7494
xref: MA:0001500
xref: SCTID:89358004
is_a: UBERON:0002209  ! fibrous joint
is_a: UBERON:0002213  ! cartilaginous joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002211
name: nerve root
namespace: uberon
comment: we make nerve root continuous_with nerve to avoid inconsistencies with the spatial disjointness constraint between PNS and CNS, with nerves part_of CNS. FMA has segment of nerve with subtypes: segment of sympathetic trunk, nerve root, nerve rootlet, nerve root proper
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0000883
xref: FMA:5981
xref: SCTID:362295007
xref: UMLS:C0228084
xref: ncithesaurus:Nerve_Root
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001021 ! nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002212
name: macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "The saccule is the smaller of the two vestibular sacs; it is globular in form, and lies in the recessus sphC&ricus near the opening of the scala vestibuli of the cochlea. Its anterior part exhibits an oval thickening, the macula of saccule (or saccular macula), to which are distributed the saccular filaments of the acoustic nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Macula_of_saccule]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "macula of membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "macula of saccule" EXACT []
synonym: "macula of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "macula saccule" EXACT [ZFA:0007000]
synonym: "macula sacculi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74944, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Macula_of_saccule]
synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "saccular macula" EXACT [ZFA:0007000]
synonym: "saccular macula of membranous labyrinth" EXACT []
synonym: "saccular maculs" RELATED []
synonym: "saccule macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "saccule of membranous labyrinth macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:74944
xref: MA:0001201
xref: SCTID:362572004
xref: TAO:0007000
xref: UMLS:C0229468
xref: XAO:0004136
xref: ZFA:0007000
xref: ncithesaurus:Macula_of_Saccule
is_a: UBERON:0000054  ! macula
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000054  ! macula
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002213
name: cartilaginous joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by cartilage. Examples: Spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint, pubic symphysis.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Cartilaginous_joint]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT []
synonym: "junctura cartilaginea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cartilaginous_joint]
xref: FMA:7496
xref: MA:0000320
xref: SCTID:58442004
xref: TAO:0005155
xref: ZFA:0005155
is_a: UBERON:0011134  ! nonsynovial joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002214
name: macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "The portion of the utricle which is lodged in the recess forms a sort of pouch or cul-de-sac, the floor and anterior wall of which are thickened, and form the macula of utricle (or utricular macula), which receives the utricular filaments of the vestibulocochlear nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Macula_of_utricle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "macula of membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "macula of utricle" EXACT []
synonym: "macula of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "macula utricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000030]
synonym: "macula utriculi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74960, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Macula_of_utricle]
synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "utricle macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "utricle of membranous labyrinth macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "utricular macula" RELATED []
synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003474
xref: FMA:74960
xref: MA:0001203
xref: SCTID:362568003
xref: TAO:0000030
xref: UMLS:C0229451
xref: ZFA:0000030
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg/200px-Bigotolith.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Macula_of_Utricle
is_a: UBERON:0000054  ! macula
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000054  ! macula
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002215
name: synchondrosis
namespace: uberon
def: "Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by hyaline cartilage. Examples: spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Synchondrosis]
comment: Editor's note: WP considers epiphyseal plates as subtypes of this // consider adding link to hyaline cartilage
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cartilago epiphysialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7497, FMA:TA]
synonym: "epiphysial cartilage" RELATED [FMA:7497]
synonym: "primary cartilaginous joint" EXACT [FMA:7497]
xref: FMA:7497
xref: MA:0001501
xref: SCTID:42903008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Gray297.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gray297.png/200px-Gray297.png
is_a: UBERON:0002209  ! fibrous joint
is_a: UBERON:0002213  ! cartilaginous joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002216
name: symphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by fibrocartilage. Examples: pubic symphysis, intervertebral symphysis, manubriosternal joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Symphysis]
comment: Editors note: consider adding fibrocartilage class
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "secondary cartilaginous joint" EXACT [FMA:7498]
xref: FMA:7498
xref: MA:0001504
xref: SCTID:1584001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray298.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gray298.png/200px-Gray298.png
is_a: UBERON:0002209  ! fibrous joint
is_a: UBERON:0002213  ! cartilaginous joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002217
name: synovial joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: Temporomandibular joint, knee joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Synovial_joint]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "articulatio synoviale" EXACT []
synonym: "diarthrodial joints" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0005153]
synonym: "diarthroses" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005153]
synonym: "diarthrosis" EXACT []
synonym: "diarthrosis joint" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0000183
xref: EHDAA2:0003183
xref: FMA:7501
xref: MA:0000322
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2bBV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:113234001
xref: TAO:0005153
xref: ZFA:0005153
xref: galen:SynovialJoint
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011134  ! nonsynovial joint
property_value: external_definition "Is a joint that is located at the point of contact of articulating bones allowing movement. The joint has a capsule containing synovial fluid surrounding the articulating bone surfaces.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002218
name: tympanic ring
namespace: uberon
def: "a C-shaped membranous bone that provides physical support to the tympanic membrane. The tympanic ring develops sequentially from an initial primordium in the first branchial arch growing in a circumferential fashion around the first pharyngeal cleft into the second branchial arch (Mallo and Gridley, 1996). In most mammals, the tympanic ring exists only during embryonic life, when it coordinates proper development and positioning of the eardrum (see below), and then becomes integrated into the temporal bone[PMID]." [MP:0000030, PMID:11237469]
comment: AO notes: in FMA, the tympanic ring is an anatomical line. Howevever PMID:11237469 states: \"the tympanic ring, which serves as support for the tympanic membrane, directs invagination of the first pharingeal cleft ectoderm to form the external acoustic meatus (EAM), which provides the outer layer of the membrane\". Taxon notes: check amphibians - in AAO \"Funnel-like ring structure located lateral to the ventral ramus of the squamosal, beneath the skin; it provides support to the tympanic membrane\". Gene notes: Gsc and Prx1 are essential for tympanic ring development
synonym: "ectotympanic ring" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ectotympanic_ring]
synonym: "os tympanicum" RELATED [EMAPA:19197]
synonym: "tympanic annulus" RELATED []
synonym: "tympanic anulus" RELATED []
synonym: "tympanic membrane annulus" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000615
xref: EMAPA:19197
xref: MA:0001225
xref: SCTID:95952001
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0003457  ! head bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of plectral apparatus (AAO:0000443)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Funnel-like ring structure located lateral to the ventral ramus of the squamosal, beneath the skin; it provides support to the tympanic membrane.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002219
name: subfornical organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Group of neurons situated on the ventral surface of the fornix at the level of the foramen of Monro in the third ventricle (adapted from Wikipedia via NIF)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100314, Wikipedia:Subfornical_organ]
comment: Function notes: induces drinking behavior after stimulation with angiotensin II[MESH].
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "organum subfornicale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subfornical_organ]
xref: ABA:SFO
xref: FMA:75260
xref: GAID:795
xref: MA:0000940
xref: MESH:A08.713.840
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100314
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png
is_a: UBERON:0002663  ! septal nuclear complex
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0010135  ! sensory circumventricular organ
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002221
name: fontanelle
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that is a membranous gap between bones of the skull[TAO]. In humans: Fontanelles are soft spots on a baby's head which, during birth, enable the bony plates of the skull to flex, allowing the child's head to pass through the birth canal. The ossification of the bones of the skull cause the fontanelles to close over by a child's second birthday. The closures eventually form the sutures of the neurocranium. Although there are the two anterior and posterior fontanelles, there are two more fontanelles of interest, the mastoid fontanelle, and the sphenoidal fontanelle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fontanelle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "fontanel" EXACT []
synonym: "fontanelles" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001738]
synonym: "fontanels" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001738]
synonym: "fonticuli cranii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fontanelle]
xref: FMA:75438
xref: MA:0001465
xref: SCTID:272681004
xref: TAO:0001738
xref: UMLS:C0224548
xref: ZFA:0005536
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray197.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray197.png/200px-Gray197.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Fontanelle
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a membranous gap between bones of the skull.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002222
name: perichondrium
namespace: uberon
def: "Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds cartilage." [VSAO:0000036, Wikipedia:Perichondrium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cartilage connective tissue" RELATED []
synonym: "perichondral region of cartilage" RELATED []
synonym: "perichondral region of cartilage element" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010445
xref: BTO:0005089
xref: FMA:75446
xref: MA:0003008
xref: SCTID:11881003
xref: TAO:0001643
xref: VSAO:0000036
xref: XAO:0004049
xref: ZFA:0001634
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0007844 ! cartilage element
property_value: external_definition "Portion of connective tissue which surrounds cartilage.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002223
name: endolymphatic sac
namespace: uberon
def: "From the posterior wall of the saccule a canal, the ductus endolymphaticus, is given off; this duct is joined by the ductus utriculosaccularis, and then passes along the aquaeductus vestibuli and ends in a blind pouch, the endolymphatic sac, on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, where it is in contact with the dura mater. Studies suggest that the endolymphatic duct and endolymphatic sac perform both absorptive and secretory, as well as phagocytic and immunodefensive,functions . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Endolymphatic_sac]
comment: Editor's note: EHDAA2 structure is embryonic
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "saccus endolymphaticus" EXACT LATIN [AAO:0000551, Wikipedia:Endolymphatic_sac]
xref: AAO:0000551
xref: EHDAA2:0000441
xref: EHDAA:7761
xref: EMAPA:17593
xref: FMA:75639
xref: GAID:887
xref: MA:0001188
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.909.957.360.701
xref: SCTID:279810008
xref: VHOG:0000791
is_a: UBERON:0006937  ! inner ear epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006226 ! endolymphatic appendage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
property_value: external_definition "The blind extremity of the endolymphatic duct. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Many adult anamniotes have an endolymphatic duct that opens onto the surface of the head. In other vertebrates, it either is lost or forms a small, deeply seated endolymphatic sac.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002224
name: thoracic cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "Body cavity subdivision which is enclosed by the thoracic wall and the diaphragm[FMA]." [FMA:7565, Wikipedia:Thoracic_cavity]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cavitas thoracis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracic_cavity]
synonym: "cavity of chest" EXACT []
synonym: "cavity of thorax" EXACT []
synonym: "chest cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "pectoral cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "space of thoracic compartment" EXACT [FMA:7565]
xref: FMA:7565
xref: GAID:93
xref: MA:0000032
xref: MESH:A01.911.800
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rmvyleLfEEduAAAACs6hRXg
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvhU_TpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:243949006
xref: UMLS:C0230139
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray846.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg/200px-Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002225
name: costal arch
namespace: uberon
def: "The costal margin, sometimes referred to as the costal arch, is the medial margin formed by the false ribs -- specifically, from the eighth rib to the tenth rib." [Wikipedia:Costal_margin]
comment: todo - split? check part_of relationship
synonym: "arcus costae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costal_margin]
synonym: "arcus costalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costal_margin]
synonym: "costal margin" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costal_margin]
synonym: "subcostal arch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costal_margin]
xref: FMA:7569
xref: FMA:7570
xref: MA:0001396
xref: SCTID:367767002
xref: UMLS:C0230143
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray115.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Costal_Arch
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002226
name: basilar membrane of cochlea
namespace: uberon
def: "a stiff structural element that separates two liquid-filled tubes that run along the coil of the cochlea, the scala media and the scala tympani[WP]." [Wikipedia:Basilar_membrane]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "basilar membrane" EXACT [MA:0001190]
synonym: "lamina basilaris ductus cochlearis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basilar_membrane]
xref: FMA:75706
xref: GAID:872
xref: MA:0001190
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.246.125
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2521
xref: SCTID:362574003
xref: UMLS:C0004816
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Organ_of_corti.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cochlea-crosssection.png/250px-Cochlea-crosssection.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Organ_of_corti.svg/200px-Organ_of_corti.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Basilar_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005764  ! acellular membrane
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001864 ! scala tympani
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002295 ! scala media
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002227
name: spiral organ of cochlea
namespace: uberon
def: "The organ of Corti (or spiral organ) is the organ in the inner ear of mammals that contains auditory sensory cells, or 'hair cells.' [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Organ_of_Corti]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Corti's organ" RELATED [BTO:0001691]
synonym: "basilar papilla" RELATED [BTO:0001691]
synonym: "cochlear spiral organ" EXACT []
synonym: "organ of Corti" RELATED []
synonym: "organum spirale" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Organ_of_Corti]
synonym: "papilla basilaris" EXACT [XAO:0003145]
synonym: "spiral organ" EXACT []
synonym: "spiral organ of Corti" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011018
xref: BTO:0001691
xref: EFO:0001364
xref: EMAPA:19061
xref: EMAPA:19151
xref: EV:0100364
xref: FMA:75715
xref: GAID:772
xref: MA:0001193
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2526
xref: SCTID:279841009
xref: UMLS:C0029207
xref: VHOG:0001567
xref: XAO:0003145
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Cochlea-crosssection.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png/200px-Cochlea-crosssection.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Organ_of_Corti
xref: ncithesaurus:Spiral_Organ_of_Corti
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth
property_value: external_definition "A sensory structure in the lagenar portion of an amphibian's membranous labyrinth between the oval and round windows.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The auditory hair cells in tetrapods are located in the inner ear in a structure known as the basilar papilla. In mammals this structure (along with some related structure) is called the organ of Corti.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002228
name: rib
namespace: uberon
def: "An intersegmental rod-shaped bone that forms in the peritoneal membrane and attach to the vertebral parapophyses. They protect and support internal organs. In most vertebrates, ribs surround the chest. they enable lungs to expand by expanding the chest, they also protect the lungs, heart, and other internal organs of the thorax. In some animals, especially snakes, ribs may provide support and protection for the entire body." [Wikipedia:Rib, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Humans have 24 ribs (12 pairs). The first seven sets of ribs, known as \"true ribs\", are directly attached to the sternum through the costal cartilage. The following five sets are known as \"false ribs\", three of these sharing a common cartilaginous connection to the sternum, while the last two (eleventh and twelfth ribs) are termed floating ribs (costae fluitantes) or vertebral ribs. They are attached to the vertebrae only, and not to the sternum or cartilage coming off of the sternum. Some people are missing one of the two pairs of floating ribs, while others have a third pair. Rib removal is the surgical excision of ribs for therapeutic or cosmetic reasons. In fish, there are often two sets of ribs attached to the vertebral column. One set, the dorsal ribs, are found in the dividing septum between the upper and lower parts of the main muscle segments, projecting roughly sideways from the vertebral column. The second set, of ventral ribs arise from the vertebral column just below the dorsal ribs, and enclose the lower body, often joining at the tips. Not all species possess both types of rib, with the dorsal ribs being most commonly absent. Sharks, for example, have no dorsal ribs, and only very short ventral ribs, while lampreys have no ribs at all. In some teleosts, there may be additional rib-like bones within the muscle mass. Tetrapods, however, only ever have a single set of ribs which are probably homologous with the dorsal ribs of fishes. In the early tetrapods, every vertebra bore a pair of ribs, although those on the thoracic vertebrae are typically the longest. The sacral ribs were stout and short, since they formed part of the pelvis, connecting the backbone to the hip bones.[1] In most subsequent forms, many of these early ribs have been lost, and in living amphibians and reptiles, there is great variation in rib structure and number. For example, turtles have only eight pairs of ribs, which are developed into a bony or cartilagenous carapace and plastron, while snakes have numerous ribs running along the full length of their trunk. Frogs typically have no ribs, aside from a sacral pair, which form part of the pelvis.[1]. In birds, ribs are present as distinct bones only on the thoracic region, although small fused ribs are present on the cervical vertebrae. The thoracic ribs of birds possess a wide projection to the rear; this uncinate process is an attachment for the shoulder muscles.[1]. Mammals usually also only have distinct ribs on the thoracic vertebra, although fixed cervical ribs are also present in monotremes. In marsupials and placental mammals, the cervical and lumbar ribs are found only as tiny remnants fused to the vertebrae, where they are referred to as transverse processes. In general, the structure and number of the true ribs in humans is similar to that in other mammals. Unlike reptiles, caudal ribs are never found in mammals.[1]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal rib" RELATED []
synonym: "pleural rib" RELATED []
synonym: "ribs" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000538]
xref: AAO:0000545
xref: EFO:0003066
xref: EMAPA:18010
xref: FMA:7574
xref: GAID:245
xref: MA:0000315
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.904.567
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjNoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302523002
xref: TAO:0000538
xref: UMLS:C0035561
xref: VHOG:0001154
xref: ZFA:0000538
xref: galen:Rib
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib
is_a: UBERON:0002495  ! long bone
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003827  ! thoracic segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006288 ! rib cartilage condensation
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0003252 ! rib cage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003252 ! rib cage
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010898  ! gastralium
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that is intersegmental and rod-shaped, forming in the peritoneal membrane and attached to the vertebral parapophyses. Ribs protect and support internal organs.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral, rodlike element that articulates with the transverse process and parapophysis (double-headed rib), or with the transverse process only (single-headed rib); it extends into the body wall and provides a site for muscle attachment.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "costal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002230
name: head of rib
namespace: uberon
def: "The head of the rib is the end of a rib closest to the vertebral column, with which it articulates with. It is marked by a kidney-shaped articular surface, divided by a horizontal crest into two facets for articulation with the depression formed on the bodies of two adjacent thoracic vertebrae; the upper facet is the smaller; to the crest is attached the interarticular ligament. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Head_of_rib]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "caput costae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_rib]
synonym: "rib head" EXACT []
xref: FMA:7575
xref: MA:0001415
xref: SCTID:263358001
xref: UMLS:C0222806
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray122.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray122.png/200px-Gray122.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_Head
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 ! proximal segment of rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002231
name: body of rib
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "rib body" EXACT []
synonym: "rib shaft" EXACT []
synonym: "shaft of rib" EXACT []
xref: FMA:7577
xref: MA:0001416
xref: SCTID:263361000
xref: UMLS:C0448161
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_Shaft
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 ! proximal segment of rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002232
name: olfactory gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Bowman's glands (aka olfactory glands, glands of Bowman) are situated in the olfactory mucosa, beneath the olfactory epithelium, in the lamina propria, a connective tissue also containing fibroblasts, blood vessels, and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons. The structure of the Bowman's glands consists of an acinus in the lamina propria and a secretory duct going out through the olfactory epithelium. Electron microscopy studies show that Bowman's glands contain cells with large secretory vesicles.[2] Bowman's glands might secrete proteins such as Lysozyme, amylase and IgA similarly to serous glands. The exact composition of the secretions from Bowman's glands is unclear, but there is evidence that Bowman's glands do not produce odorant binding protein[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_glands]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "Bowman's gland" RELATED []
synonym: "glandulae olfactoriae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_glands]
synonym: "olfactory gland of Bowman" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010162
xref: BTO:0001697
xref: FMA:75801
xref: MA:0000287
xref: SCTID:368891001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray857.png
is_a: UBERON:0012278  ! nasal gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001997 ! olfactory epithelium
property_value: external_definition "Multicellular mucous glands of the olfactory epithelium, present only in adults.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002233
name: tectorial membrane of cochlea
namespace: uberon
def: "The tectorial membrane (TM) is one of two acellular gels in the cochlea of the inner ear, the other being the basilar membrane (BM). The TM is located above the sulcus spiralis internus and the spiral organ of Corti and extends along the longitudinal length of the cochlea parallel to the BM. Radially the TM is divided into three zones, the limbal, middle and marginal zones. Of these the limbal zone is the thinnest (transversally) and overlies the auditory teeth of Huschke with its inside edge attached to the spiral limbus. The marginal zone is the thickest (transversally) and is divided from the middle zone by Hensen's Stripe. It overlies the sensory inner hair cells and electrically-motile outer hair cells of the organ of Corti and during acoustic stimulation stimulates the inner hair cells through fluid coupling, and the outer hair cells via direct connection to their tallest stereocilia." [Wikipedia:Tectorial_membrane_%28cochlea%29]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "tectorial membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "tectorial membrane of spiral organ of cochlea" EXACT []
xref: FMA:75805
xref: GAID:876
xref: MA:0001199
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.246.292.906
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2531
xref: SCTID:368960006
xref: UMLS:C0039432
xref: ncithesaurus:Tectorial_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005764  ! acellular membrane
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002276 ! lamina of spiral limbus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002234
name: proximal phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001395]
synonym: "proximal manual phalanx" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:75816]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of fore digit" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal phalanx of manual digit" EXACT []
xref: FMA:75816
xref: MA:0001395
xref: SCTID:181986000
xref: SCTID:361325003
xref: UMLS:C0730117
xref: ncithesaurus:Proximal_Phalanx_of_Hand
is_a: UBERON:0001436  ! phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002235
name: tubercle of rib
namespace: uberon
def: "The tubercle of a rib is an eminence on the posterior surface, at the junction of the neck and body of the rib, and nearer the lower than the upper border. It consists of an articular and a non-articular portion. The articular portion, the lower and more medial of the two, presents a small, oval surface for articulation with the end of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrae to which the head is connected. The non-articular portion is a rough elevation, and affords attachment to the ligament of the tubercle. The tubercle is much more prominent in the upper than in the lower ribs[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tubercle_(rib)]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "rib tubercle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:7583
xref: MA:0001417
xref: SCTID:361104005
xref: UMLS:C0222809
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_Tubercle
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002231 ! body of rib
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 ! proximal segment of rib
intersection_of: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002231 ! body of rib
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011652  ! dorsal head of rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002236
name: costal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The costal cartilages are bars of hyaline cartilage which serve to prolong the ribs forward and contribute very materially to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Costal_cartilage]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cartilagines costales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costal_cartilage]
synonym: "cartilago costalis" RELATED [BTO:0001721]
synonym: "sternal cartilage" RELATED [BTO:0001721]
xref: BTO:0001721
xref: FMA:7591
xref: MA:0000106
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP1g3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244703004
xref: UMLS:C0222787
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Gray315.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gray315.png/200px-Gray315.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Costal_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003837  ! thoracic segment connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002237
name: true rib
namespace: uberon
def: "A rib that is ventrally connected to the sternum." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:True_ribs]
synonym: "costa vera" EXACT []
synonym: "costae verae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:True_ribs]
xref: FMA:7592
xref: MA:0001419
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv4-iWJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:368044009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray115.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gray115.png/200px-Gray115.png
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002238  ! false rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002238
name: false rib
namespace: uberon
def: "A rib that is not directly ventrally connected to the sternum." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:False_rib]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "asternal ribs" RELATED [Wikipedia:False_ribs]
synonym: "costa spuria" EXACT []
synonym: "costae spuriae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:False_ribs]
xref: FMA:7594
xref: MA:0001398
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwLzzTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:368045005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gray115.png/200px-Gray115.png
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002239
name: floating rib
namespace: uberon
def: "A rib that is not connected to sternum or sternal cartilage." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Floating_rib]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "costa fluitante" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "costae fluctuantes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Floating_rib]
synonym: "costae fluitantes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Floating_rib]
synonym: "vertebral rib" EXACT []
xref: FMA:7595
xref: MA:0001399
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvaPCWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:368046006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Skeleton_woman_back.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Skeleton_woman_back.png/200px-Skeleton_woman_back.png
is_a: UBERON:0002238  ! false rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002240
name: spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "Elongated, approximately cylindrical part of the central nervous system that lies in the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge." [OMD:spinal+cord, Wikipedia:Spinal_cord]
comment: TODO: add superclass to unify with VNC?
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "medulla spinalis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001279, Wikipedia:Spinal_cord]
synonym: "spinal cord structure" RELATED [ZFA:0000075]
synonym: "spinal medulla" RELATED [BTO:0001279]
xref: AAO:0010151
xref: BM:SpC
xref: BTO:0001279
xref: EFO:0000110
xref: EHDAA2:0001255
xref: EHDAA:2863
xref: EMAPA:17577
xref: EMAPA:17700
xref: EV:0100316
xref: FMA:7647
xref: GAID:695
xref: MA:0000216
xref: MAT:0000183
xref: MESH:A08.186.854
xref: MIAA:0000183
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1709
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180959008
xref: TAO:0000075
xref: UMLS:C0037925
xref: VHOG:0000601
xref: XAO:0000020
xref: ZFA:0000075
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Spinal_cord_direv.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0000489  ! cavitated compound organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003076 ! posterior neural tube
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003853 ! spinal cord neural crest
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000955
property_value: external_definition "Part of the central nervous system which descends from the hindbrain within the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002241
name: chondrocranium
namespace: uberon
def: "Endoskeletal elements that encase the brain, nose, inner ear[cjm]. that part of the neurocranium formed by endochondral ossification and comprising the bones of the base of the skull[TFD]." [Wikipedia:Chondrocranium, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chondrocranium]
comment: Editor/AO notes: we follow the standard evolutionary classification and treat this as endoskeletal. This means what MA calls 'chondrocranium' must in fact be neurocranium, as it includes parts of the dermatocranium (e.g. frontal, parietal). Taxon notes: covers the brain dorsally in chondrichthyans
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "calvarium" RELATED [MA:0000317]
synonym: "neurocranium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MA:0000317]
xref: AAO:0010169
xref: EHDAA2:0000243
xref: EMAPA:17681
xref: TAO:0001424
xref: VHOG:0000288
xref: ZFA:0001424
is_a: UBERON:0011159  ! primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "chondrocranial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002242
name: nucleus pulposus
namespace: uberon
def: "a jelly-like connective tissue in the middle of the spinal disc. It is the remnant of the notochord. It functions to distribute hydraulic pressure in all directions within each disc under compressive loads. The nucleus pulposus consists of chondrocytes, collagen fibrils, and proteoglycan aggrecans that have hyaluronic long chains which attract water. Attached to each hyaluronic chain are side chains of chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_pulposus]
comment: AO notes: we group two FMA classes together
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus propulsus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nucleus_pulposus]
synonym: "nucleus propulsus of intervertebral disk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nucleus_pulposus]
synonym: "nucleus pulposus (diskus intervertebralis)" EXACT [FMA:13550]
synonym: "nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disk" RELATED [FMA:13550]
synonym: "pulpy nucleus" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0003626
xref: FMA:13550
xref: FMA:76703
xref: MA:0000112
xref: SCTID:316586000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Cervical_vertebra_english.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Cervical_vertebra_english.png/200px-Cervical_vertebra_english.png
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002328 ! notochord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002243
name: cutaneous vein
namespace: uberon
def: "one of a number of veins in the subcutaneous tissue that empty into deep veins" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cutaneous+vein]
comment: AO notes: GAT in FMA
xref: FMA:76720
xref: MA:0002098
xref: UMLS:C1185726
xref: ncithesaurus:Cutaneous_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002244
name: premaxilla
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002253
def: "One of the bones of the upper jaw situated between and in front of the maxillae[VHOG]." [VHOG:0000426, Wikipedia:Incisive_bone, Wikipedia:Premaxilla]
comment: _:comment___:_:@___:_:source__EHDAA2___:.__Editors note: requires checking embryonic vs adult; isa fetal organ part in FMA; adult bone of upper jaw in AAO and ZFA; split. Note that we have loops if we add develops_from UBERON:0005620
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "incisive bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Incisive_bone]
synonym: "os incisivum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premaxilla]
synonym: "premaxilla bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premaxilla]
synonym: "premaxillae" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "premaxillary" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:ad]
synonym: "premaxillary bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premaxilla]
xref: AAO:0000461
xref: EHDAA:6962
xref: EHDAA:8033
xref: EMAPA:17641
xref: EMAPA:17933
xref: EMAPA:19033
xref: FMA:76869
xref: FMA:77231
xref: MA:0001493
xref: SCTID:308884009
xref: TAO:0000567
xref: VHOG:0000426
xref: ZFA:0000567
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Gray160.png
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0011597  ! bone of upper jaw
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011628 ! early premaxilla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps inter-premaxillary joint (TAO:0001950)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps mesethmoid-premaxillary joint (TAO:0001676)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps premaxillary-maxillary joint (TAO:0002260)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms the anteriormost element of the upper jaw. It articulates with the maxilla posterodorsally and its antimere medially. The premaxilla is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of the bones of the upper jaw situated between and in front of the maxillae. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired, intramembranous bones located at the anterior end of the skull; they form the anterior-most segment of the maxillary arch.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) in all higher vertebrates a premaxilla is present (...) (reference 1); Although the presence of a tooth-bearing outer buccal arcade (premaxilla, maxilla, dentary) is cited as a common character of Osteichthyes, dipnoans lack all three bones (...) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002245
name: hemisphere of cerebellum
namespace: uberon
def: "A paired regions of the cerebellum that lie outside and lateral to the central vermis[MP]. The cerebellum consists of three parts, a median and two lateral, which are continuous with each other, and are substantially the same in structure. The median portion is constricted, and is called the vermis, from its annulated appearance which it owes to the transverse ridges and furrows upon it; the lateral expanded portions are named the hemispheres. The lateral hemisphere is considered the portion of the cerebellum to develop most recently. [WP,unvetted]." [MP:0009959, Wikipedia:Cerebellar_hemisphere]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebellar hemispheres" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "cerebellum hemisphere" EXACT []
synonym: "hemisphere of cerebellum [H II - H X]" EXACT []
synonym: "hemispherium cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_hemisphere]
synonym: "hemispherium cerebelli [hII-hX]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76925, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:HEM
xref: FMA:76925
xref: MA:0000200
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1575
xref: SCTID:362411002
xref: UMLS:C0228465
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hemisphere_of_the_Cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0002749  ! regional part of cerebellar cortex
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002246
name: dorsal thoracic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Clarke's_column]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Clarke's column" EXACT []
synonym: "Clarke's nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "Stilling-Clarke's column" EXACT []
synonym: "Stilling-Clarke's nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus thoracicus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77023, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior thoracic nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal cord dorsal nucleus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:77023
xref: MA:0001121
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002248
name: transverse pericardial sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The passage between the venous and arterial mesocardia bi.e., between the aorta and pulmonary artery in front and the superior vena cava behind. Also, the sinus that forms in the pericardial cavity where the dorso-mesentary pericardium reside.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Thiele's canal" EXACT [FMA:77132]
synonym: "transverse sinus" BROAD []
synonym: "transverse sinus of pericardial cavity" EXACT [FMA:77132]
xref: EHDAA2:0002077
xref: EHDAA:796
xref: EMAPA:16214
xref: FMA:77132
xref: MA:0001880
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Gray489.png/200px-Gray489.png
is_a: UBERON:0010279  ! pericardial sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005601 ! dorsal mesocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002249
name: median artery
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:77142
xref: MA:0001999
xref: UMLS:C0687034
xref: ncithesaurus:Median_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002250
name: popliteal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the popliteal artery is defined as the extension of the 'superficial' femoral artery after passing through the adductor canal and adductor hiatus above the knee. The termination of the popliteal artery is its bifurcation into the anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery. The popliteal artery, through numerous smaller branches, supplies blood to the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and calf. It is accompanied, along its length, by the popliteal vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Popliteal_artery]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria poplitea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Popliteal_artery]
xref: FMA:77155
xref: GAID:504
xref: MA:0002021
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.681
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvduV6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181350008
xref: UMLS:C0032649
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Popliteal_artery.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Popliteal_artery.png/200px-Popliteal_artery.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Popliteal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002251
name: iliocostalis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The iliocostalis is the muscle immediately lateral to the longissimus that is the nearest to the furrow that separates the epaxial muscles from the hypaxial. It lies very deep to the fleshy portion of the serratus ventralis (serratus anterior). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "iliocostal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "iliocostalis" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral column of erector spinae" RELATED []
synonym: "musculus iliocostalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
xref: FMA:77177
xref: MA:0002319
xref: SCTID:244854008
xref: UMLS:C0224304
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Iliostalis.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Iliostalis.png/200px-Iliostalis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Iliocostal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001076 ! spinous process of vertebra
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0006839 ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002462 ! erector spinae muscle group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002252
name: splenius
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Splenius]
comment: Muscle of neck in NA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "splenius muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:77180
xref: MA:0002382
xref: UMLS:C1185944
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenius
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002254
name: thyroglossal duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The thyroglossal duct is an embryological anatomical structure forming an open connection between the initial area of development of the thyroid gland and its final position. The thyroid gland starts developing in the oropharynx in the fetus and descends to its final position taking a path through the tongue, hyoid bone and neck muscles. The connection between its original position and its final position is the thyroglossal duct. This duct normally atrophies and closes off before birth but can remain open in some people. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thyroglossal_duct]
comment: FMA treats this as vestigial
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ductus thyreoglossus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Thyroglossal_duct]
synonym: "ductus thyroglossalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroglossal_duct]
xref: EMAPA:17070
xref: EMAPA:18833
xref: FMA:77274
xref: MA:0000130
xref: SCTID:308822005
xref: UMLS:C0231104
xref: VHOG:0000746
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Illu08_thyroid.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Illu08_thyroid.jpg/200px-Illu08_thyroid.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroglossal_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
property_value: external_definition "An embryonic duct extending between the thyroid primordium and the posterior tongue. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A duct, called the thyroglossal duct in mammals, is considered to be characteristic of thyroid development. The thyroglossal duct, degenerating in many species during late development, marks the way the thyroid primordium relocates during embryonic development from the pharynx to its position deep in the cervical mesenchyme. We cannot exclude that the duct of the endostyle and the thyroglossal duct may have evolved independently, but as they both represent a more or less persistent connection of the organ to the pharynx, it is likely that they are homologous structures.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002255
name: vomeronasal organ
namespace: uberon
def: "The vomeronasal organ (VNO), or Jacobson's organ, is an auxiliary olfactory sense organ that is found in many animals. It was discovered by Ludwig Jacobson in 1813. During embryological development, it forms from the nasal (olfactory) placode, at the anterior edge of the neural plate. It is a chemoreceptor organ which is completely separated from the nasal cavity the majority of the time, being enclosed in a separate bony or cartilaginous capsule which opens into the base of the nasal cavity. It is a tubular crescent shape and split into two pairs, separated by the nasal septum. It is the first processing stage of the accessory olfactory system, after which chemical stimuli go to the accessory olfactory bulb, then to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus. The vomeronasal organ is mainly used to detect pheromones, chemical messengers that carry information between individuals of the same species, hence is sometimes referred to as the 'sixth sense. ' The VNO has two separate types of neuronal receptors, V1R and V2R, which are seven-transmembrane receptors that are coupled to G proteins. The receptors are distinct from each other and form the large family of receptors in the main olfactory system. Evidence shows that the VNO responds to nonvolatile cues which stimulate the receptor neurons. Information is then transferred to the accessory olfactory bulb as well as other centres of the brain such as the anterior part of the hypothalamus. Its presence in many animals has been widely studied and the importance of the vomeronasal system to the role of reproduction and social behavior (through influence on anterior hypothalamus) has been shown in many studies. Its presence and functionality in humans is widely controversial, though most studies agree the organ regresses during fetal development. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vomeronasal_organ]
comment: Taxon notes: Generally formed only in tetrapods; lungfish have rudimentary VN organs; true VN organs are not normally found in recent fishes, birds, aquatic reptiles, aquatic mammals (Bertmar 1980). Humans: Its presence in many animals has been widely studied and the importance of the vomeronasal system to the role of reproduction and social behavior (through influence on anterior hypothalamus) has been shown in many studies. Its presence and functionality in humans was controversial, though most studies agree the organ regresses during fetal development. Many genes essential for VNO function in animals (such as TRPC2) are non-functional in humans (Liman ER. Use it or lose it: molecular evolution of sensory signaling in primates. Pflugers Arch. 2006;453(2):125-31.)
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Jacobson's organ" EXACT [XAO:0000272]
synonym: "VNO" RELATED [VHOG:0000665]
synonym: "organ of Jacobsen" RELATED []
synonym: "organon vomeronasale" EXACT []
synonym: "organum vomeronasale" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002608, Wikipedia:Vomeronasal_organ]
xref: AAO:0000997
xref: BTO:0002608
xref: EFO:0001934
xref: EHDAA2:0002211
xref: EHDAA:7865
xref: EMAPA:17612
xref: FMA:77280
xref: GAID:354
xref: MA:0000289
xref: MESH:A04.531.591.940
xref: SCTID:361346007
xref: VHOG:0000665
xref: XAO:0000272
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Gray51.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Gray51.png/200px-Gray51.png
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 ! olfactory placode
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0009714 ! intermaxillary process
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009954 ! vomeronasal system
property_value: external_definition "An organ thought to supplement the olfactory system in receiving pheromonic communication. The sensory part of the organ is in two long, thin sacs, situated on either side of the nasal septum at its base. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the vomeronasal organ is known only in some tetrapods. It is absent in most turtles, crocodiles, birds, some bats, and aquatic mammals. In amphibians, it is in a recessed area off the main nasal cavity. (...) In mammals possesing this organ, it is an isolated area of olfactory membrane within the nasal cavity that is usually connected to the mouth via the nasopalatine duct (reference 1); The opinions concerning the presence and functioning of the vomeronasal organ in humans are controversial. The vomeronasal cavities appear early in human foetuses. (...) Historical examination of the nasal septum revealed the presence of vomeronasal cavities in approximately 70% of adults. In contrast to the situation in other mammals, the organ is not supported by a rigid tube of bone or cartilage (reference 2); (...) the best evidence for the homology of the human VNO to that of other primates (and of mammals in general) is ontogenetic in nature, based on a common embryonic origin from a thickening (vomeronasal primordium) on the medial aspect of each olfactory pit (reference 3); (...) suggesting that lungfish possess a region homologous to the accessory olfactory bulb of tetrapods. Based on these results, it seems appropriate to refer to the recess epithelium as a primordium of the vomeronasal organ (reference 4). [debated][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002256
name: dorsal horn of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "the pronounced, dorsolaterally oriented ridge of grey matter in each lateral half of the spinal cord[MP]. the dorsal (more towards the back) grey matter of the spinal cord. It receives several types of sensory information from the body, including light touch, proprioception, and vibration. This information is sent from receptors of the skin, bones, and joints through sensory neurons whose cell bodies lie in the dorsal root ganglion[WP]. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input[GO]." [GO:0021516, MP:0006282, Wikipedia:Posterior_horn_of_spinal_cord, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=36855&atid=440764]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cornu dorsale" EXACT [ZFA:0000649]
synonym: "cornu posterius medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_horn_of_spinal_cord]
synonym: "dorsal gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530]
synonym: "dorsal gray horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2667]
synonym: "dorsal gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530]
synonym: "dorsal grey column of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal grey horn" BROAD [EMAPA:18574]
synonym: "dorsal horn" BROAD [ZFA:0000649]
synonym: "dorsal horn spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000649]
synonym: "dorsal region of mature spinal cord" BROAD []
synonym: "dorsal region of spinal cord" BROAD []
synonym: "dorsal spinal cord" BROAD []
synonym: "posterior gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530]
synonym: "posterior gray horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530]
synonym: "posterior grey column of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior horn of spinal cord" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_horn_of_spinal_cord]
synonym: "spinal cord dorsal horn" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal cord dorsal horns" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "spinal cord posterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2667]
xref: BM:SpC-DH
xref: EMAPA:18574
xref: FMA:256530
xref: MA:0001119
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2667
xref: SCTID:180961004
xref: TAO:0000649
xref: UMLS:C0228575
xref: VHOG:0001287
xref: ZFA:0000649
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Horn_of_the_Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0001948  ! regional part of spinal cord
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002257
name: ventral horn of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "the ventral grey column of the spinal cord[MP]. The neurons of the ventral region of the mature spinal cord participate in motor output[GO]." [GO:0021517, MP:0005112, Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=36855&atid=440764]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior column" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord]
synonym: "anterior column of the spinal cord" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord]
synonym: "anterior gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541]
synonym: "anterior gray horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541]
synonym: "anterior grey column of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668]
synonym: "anterior horn (spinal cord)" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord]
synonym: "cornu anterius medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord]
synonym: "spinal cord anterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668]
synonym: "spinal cord ventral horn" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541]
synonym: "ventral gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541]
synonym: "ventral grey column of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral grey horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668]
synonym: "ventral horn spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000702]
synonym: "ventral horns spinal cord" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001288]
synonym: "ventral region of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral spinal cord" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18575
xref: FMA:256541
xref: MA:0001134
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668
xref: SCTID:279443000
xref: TAO:0000702
xref: UMLS:C0228590
xref: VHOG:0001288
xref: ZFA:0000702
xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Horn_of_the_Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0001948  ! regional part of spinal cord
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord
property_value: external_definition "The anterior horn of the spinal cord (or anterior cornu, or anterior column, or ventral horn) is the ventral (front) grey matter section of the spinal cord. The anterior horn contains motor neurons that affect the axial muscles while the posterior horn receives information regarding touch and sensation. The anterior horn is where the cell bodies of alpha motorneurons are located[Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_spinal_cord]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002258
name: dorsal funiculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The portion of the medulla spinalis which lies between the posterolateral sulcus and the posterior median sulcus is named the posterior funiculus. This area includes the dorsal columns (also called the posterior columns) which contains the fasciculus gracilis and, higher in the body, the fasciculus cuneatus, which are separated by a partition of glial cells. Histologically, these two fasciculi are on other sides of the dorsal intermediate sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_funiculus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77461]
synonym: "funiculus dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000501]
synonym: "funiculus posterior medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77461, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior funiculus" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77461]
xref: FMA:77461
xref: SCTID:362432005
xref: TAO:0000501
xref: ZFA:0000501
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0006127  ! funiculus of spinal cord
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002259
name: corpora quadrigemina
namespace: uberon
def: "In the brain, the corpora quadrigemina (Latin for 'quadruplet bodies') are the four colliculibtwo inferior, two superiorblocated on the tectum the dorsal aspect of the midbrain. The corpora quadrigemina are reflex centers involving vision and hearing. [WP,unvetted]. Two pairs of colliculi on the dorsal surface of the midbrain composed of white matter externally and gray matter within, the superior pair containing correlation centers for optic reflexes and the inferior pair containing correlation centers for auditory reflexes[BTO]." [BTO:0001710, Wikipedia:Corpora_quadrigemina]
comment: editor note: this section needs worked on for pan-vertebrate consistency. for now we include a mammal specific definition, even though the child terms are applicable across vertebrates
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "colliculi" EXACT [MP:0000899]
synonym: "corpora quadrigemina" EXACT []
synonym: "set of colliculi" RELATED [FMA:242157]
xref: BTO:0001710
xref: EV:0100244
xref: FMA:242157
xref: GAID:574
xref: MA:0002567
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.237
xref: SCTID:361579006
xref: UMLS:C0010087
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray709.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray709.png/200px-Gray709.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Corpora_Quadrigemina
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006777 ! tectal plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002260
name: ventral root of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "The efferent motor root of a spinal nerve. At its distal end, the ventral root joins with the dorsal root to form a mixed spinal nerve." [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve]
comment: FMA:77516 xref is a 'general anatomical term'. We xref both to ensure equivalence.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior nerve root" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve]
synonym: "anterior root" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve]
synonym: "anterior root of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5979]
synonym: "anterior spinal root" EXACT [BTO:0000865]
synonym: "motor root of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5979]
synonym: "radix anterior (nervus spinalis)" RELATED [FMA:5979]
synonym: "radix anterior nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve]
synonym: "radix motoria (nervus spinalis)" RELATED [FMA:5979]
synonym: "ventral root" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090209]
synonym: "ventral root of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5979]
synonym: "ventral spinal nerve root" RELATED [FMA:5979]
xref: BTO:0000865
xref: FMA:5979
xref: FMA:77516
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090209
xref: TAO:0000705
xref: UMLS:C0205956
xref: ZFA:0000705
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Nerve_Root
is_a: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002261
name: dorsal root of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy and neurology, the dorsal root (or posterior root) is the afferent sensory root of a spinal nerve. At the distal end of the dorsal root is the dorsal root ganglion, which contains the neuron cell bodies of the nerve fibres conveyed by the root. If the dorsal root of a spinal nerve were severed it would lead to numbness in certain areas of the body. The lateral division of the dorsal root contains lightly myelinated and unmyelinated axons of small diameter. These transmit pain and temperature sensation from the body. These fibers cross through the anterior white commissure to form the Anterior lateral system in the lateral funiculus. The medial division of the dorsal root contains myelinated axons of larger diameter. These transmit information of discriminative touch, pressure, vibration, and conscious proprioception originating from spinal levels C2 through S5. These fibers are pushed in towards the posterior medial sulcus to form the fasciculus gracilis and the fasciculus cuneatus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_root_of_spinal_nerve]
comment: FMA xref is 'general anatomical term'. We xref both to ensure equivalence.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal root" EXACT [ZFA:0000652]
synonym: "dorsal root of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5980]
synonym: "dorsal spinal nerve root" EXACT [FMA:5980]
synonym: "posterior root of spinal nerve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_root_of_spinal_nerve]
synonym: "radix dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000652]
synonym: "radix posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_root_of_spinal_nerve]
synonym: "radix posterior (nervus spinalis)" EXACT [FMA:5980]
synonym: "radix sensoria (nervus spinalis)" EXACT [FMA:5980]
synonym: "sensory root of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5980]
xref: BTO:0000360
xref: FMA:5980
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090208
xref: SCTID:362436008
xref: TAO:0000652
xref: UMLS:C0205955
xref: ZFA:0000652
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Root_of_the_Spinal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002262
name: celiac ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The celiac ganglia are two large irregularly shaped masses of nerve tissue in the upper abdomen. Part of the sympathetic subdivision of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the two celiac ganglia are the largest ganglia in the ANS, and they innervate most of the digestive tract. They have the appearance of lymph glands and are placed on either side of the midline in front of the crura of the diaphragm, close to the suprarenal glands (also called adrenal glands). The ganglion on the right side is placed behind the inferior vena cava. They are sometimes referred to as the semilunar ganglia or the solar ganglia. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Celiac_ganglia]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "coeliac ganglion" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000266
xref: EHDAA:8946
xref: EMAPA:19321
xref: FMA:77570
xref: MA:0001158
xref: SCTID:362492008
xref: UMLS:C0007571
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray848.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray848.png/200px-Gray848.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Coeliac_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0003964  ! prevertebral ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002263
name: lentiform nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lentiform nucleus or lenticular nucleus comprises the putamen and the globus pallidus within the basal ganglia. It is a large, cone-shaped mass of gray matter just lateral to the internal capsule. [WP,unvetted]. The part of the corpus striatum somewhat resembling a biconvex lens, divided into an external, larger, lateral part (putamen) and an internal, smaller, lighter colored medial part (globus pallidus), which is in turn subdivided into a smaller, medial, and a larger, lateral part by the medial medullary lamina[BTO]." [BTO:0002250, Wikipedia:Lentiform_nucleus]
comment: AO notes: the EMAPA class is unclear. Editor notes: TODO - add parts
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lenticular nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002250]
synonym: "nucleus lenticularis" EXACT [BTO:0002250]
synonym: "nucleus lentiformis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002250, Wikipedia:Lentiform_nucleus]
xref: BTO:0002250
xref: EMAPA:18208
xref: EMAPA:19147
xref: EV:0100186
xref: FMA:77615
xref: MA:0000896
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvyH2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:279319002
xref: UMLS:C0162342
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray741.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gray741.png/200px-Gray741.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lenticular_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001874 ! putamen
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000369 ! corpus striatum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005403 ! ventral striatum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002264
name: olfactory bulb
namespace: uberon
def: "A bulbous anterior projection of the olfactory lobe that is the place of termination of the olfactory nerves and is especially well developed in lower vertebrates (as fishes)[BTO]. Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with a set of olfactory nerves and an olfactory tract. In most vertebrates, the olfactory bulb is the most rostral (forward) part of the brain. In humans, however, the olfactory bulb is on the inferior (bottom) side of the brain. The olfactory bulb is supported and protected by the cribriform plate which in mammals, separates it from the olfactory epithelium, and which is perforated by olfactory nerve axons. The bulb is divided into two distinct structures, the main olfactory bulb, and the accessory olfactory bulb[WP]." [BTO:0000961, Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb]
comment: Note that in uberon 'main olfactory bulb' is a separate class, but some ontologies may treat this as partially synonymous. The distinction may only make sense in tetrapods with a vomeronasal organ (olfactory nerves terminate in OB in fishes and in main OB in tetrapods - Butler and Hodos). Development notes: the olfactory bulbs develop as bilateral evaginations from a region of the prosencephalic neural plate intercalated between the septal and the cortical anlagen (Cobos et al. 2001b, Rubenstein et al. 1998). Comparing the structure of the olfactory bulb among vertebrate species, such as the leopard frog and the lab mouse, reveals that they all share the same fundamental layout(WP).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bulbus olfactorius" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb]
synonym: "olfactory lobe" RELATED [ZFA:0000402]
xref: AAO:0010165
xref: ABA:OLF
xref: BM:Tel-OB
xref: BTO:0000961
xref: EHDAA2:0004705
xref: EV:0100173
xref: FMA:77624
xref: GAID:633
xref: MA:0000194
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.699.573
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1137
xref: SCTID:279394006
xref: TAO:0000402
xref: UMLS:C0028936
xref: VHOG:0000033
xref: XAO:0004180
xref: ZFA:0000402
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/1543,Vesalius%27OlfactoryBulbs.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/1543%2CVesalius%27OlfactoryBulbs.jpg/200px-1543%2CVesalius%27OlfactoryBulbs.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Bulb
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005366 ! olfactory lobe
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001950
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002421
property_value: external_definition "Part of the rostral part of the cerebrum where axons of olfactory cells from the nasal mucosa terminate. Projects onto olfactory parts of pallium via olfactory tracts" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the telencephalon comprised of anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with a set of olfactory nerves and an olfactory tract[FMA:77624]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The part of the forebrain in which the olfactory nerves end and the olfactory tracts originate. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The presence of paired evaginated hemispheres and olfactory bulbs in both agnathan and gnathostome radiations suggests that such hemispheres were also present in the common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002265
name: olfactory tract
namespace: uberon
def: "White matter tract that contains projections from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex (Maryann Martone)" [ISBN10:0471888893, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1663, Wikipedia:Olfactory_tract]
comment: AO notes: sources differ as to whether this is part of the bulb (BTO), or cortex (MA). We represent this as the connection between the two, and is thus entirely part of neither, yet overlaps both. Note that the NIF class has been retired
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "olfactory peduncle" RELATED [BTO:0003647]
synonym: "tractus olfactorius" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0003647, Wikipedia:Olfactory_tract]
xref: BTO:0003647
xref: FMA:77626
xref: MA:0000975
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1663
xref: SCTID:362356008
xref: UMLS:C0162435
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Tract
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex
property_value: external_definition "A nervelike, white band composed primarily of nerve fibres originating from the mitral cells and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb but also containing the scattered cells of the anterior olfactory nucleus[BTO:0003647]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The olfactory tract is a bundle of axons connecting the mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb to several target regions in the brain, including piriform cortex, amygdala, and entorhinal cortex. It is a narrow white band, triangular on coronal section, the apex being directed upward. It lies in the olfactory sulcus on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe, and divides posteriorly into two striC&, a medial olfactory stria and a lateral olfactory stria.[Wikipedia]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Tract of brain which is continuous with olfactory bulb and the cerebral cortex.[FMA]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "White matter tract that contains projections from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex (Maryann Martone)" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002266
name: anterior olfactory nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior olfactory nucleus (AON; also called the anterior olfactory cortex) is a portion of the forebrain of vertebrates. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_olfactory_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "AON" RELATED [BTO:0003649]
synonym: "anterior olfactory cortex" RELATED [BTO:0003649]
synonym: "nucleus olfactorius anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_olfactory_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus retrobulbaris [a8]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77628, FMA:TA]
synonym: "retrobulbar nucleus [a8]" EXACT []
xref: ABA:AON
xref: BM:Tel-OAN
xref: BTO:0003649
xref: EV:0100174
xref: FMA:77628
xref: MA:0000968
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1085
xref: UMLS:C0175225
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Olfactory_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002267
name: laterodorsal tegmental nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (or lateroposterior tegmental nucleus) is a nucleus situated in the brainstem, spanning the midbrain tegmentum and the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Laterodorsal_tegmental_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lateroposterior tegmental nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis posterolateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77654, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Laterodorsal_tegmental_nucleus]
xref: ABA:LDT
xref: BTO:0004016
xref: FMA:77654
xref: MA:0001016
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002268
name: olfactory organ
namespace: uberon
comment: note - fma general anatomical term. xao has no subtypes (but Johnstons organ develops from this). An olfactory organ overlaps with the olfactory system, because some parts of the nose (e.g. nasal skeleton) are parts of the skeletal system, which is spatially disjoint
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
synonym: "olfactory neuroepithelium" RELATED [BTO:0001772]
synonym: "organ olfactus" RELATED [BTO:0001772]
synonym: "organum olfactorium" RELATED [BTO:0001772]
xref: AAO:0010180
xref: BTO:0001772
xref: FMA:77659
xref: VHOG:0000287
xref: XAO:0000273
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005725 ! olfactory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002269
name: pupillary membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "The pupillary membrane in mammals exists in the fetus as a source of blood supply for the lens. It normally atrophies from the time of birth to the age of four to eight weeks." [Wikipedia:Persistent_pupillary_membrane]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:77663
xref: MA:0001293
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001771 ! pupil
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002270
name: hyaloid artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The hyaloid artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which is itself a branch of the internal carotid artery. It is contained within the optic stalk of the eye and extends from the optic disc through the vitreous humor to the lens. Usually fully regressed before birth, its purpose is to supply nutrient to the developing lens in the growing fetus. During the tenth week of development in humans (time varies depending on species), the lens grows independent of a blood supply and the hyaloid artery usually regresses. Its proximal portion remains as the central artery of the retina. Regression of the hyaloid artery leaves a clear central zone through the vitreous called the hyaloid canal or Cloquet's canal. Cloquet's canal is named after the man who first described it, French physician Jules Germain Cloquet (1790b1883). Occasionally the artery may not fully regress, resulting in the condition persistent hyaloid artery. More commonly, small remnants of the artery may remain. Free remnants can sometimes be seen as \"floaters\". An anterior remnant of the hyaloid artery can be seen in some people as Mittendorf's dot, a small pinpoint-like scar on the posterior surface of the lens. A posterior remnant may be seen where the artery left the optic disc, and is known as Bergmeister's papilla." [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery]
comment: ZFA def is: Artery that is internal to the eye; this is more general than the human-centric definition here..
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Cloquet's canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery]
synonym: "Cloquets canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery]
synonym: "arteria hyaloidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery]
synonym: "central artery of retina" RELATED [EMAPA:19242]
xref: EHDAA2:0004072
xref: EMAPA:19242
xref: FMA:77670
xref: SCTID:308790003
xref: TAO:0005045
xref: VHOG:0001478
xref: XAO:0004155
xref: ZFA:0005045
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0003499  ! brain blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006010 ! hyaloid canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003098 ! optic stalk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005492 ! hyaloid vessel
property_value: external_definition "Artery that is internal to the eye. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002271
name: periventricular zone of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "hypothalamus periventricular zone" EXACT []
xref: ABA:PVZ
xref: FMA:77682
xref: MA:0000846
xref: VHOG:0000623
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002272
name: medial zone of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "hypothalamus medial zone" EXACT []
xref: ABA:MEZ
xref: FMA:77683
xref: MA:0000837
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002273
name: lateral zone of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "hypothalamus lateral zone" EXACT []
xref: ABA:LZ
xref: FMA:77684
xref: MA:0000833
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002274
name: perifornical nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: FMA:77688
xref: MA:0000836
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002273 ! lateral zone of hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002275
name: reticular formation
namespace: uberon
comment: note that this class denotes the generic structure, and not a specific one such as medullary or pontine reticular formation.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:77719
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.772
xref: SCTID:361552007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gray701.png/200px-Gray701.png
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002276
name: lamina of spiral limbus
namespace: uberon
def: "The osseous spiral lamina consists of two plates of bone, and between these are the canals for the transmission of the filaments of the acoustic nerve. On the upper plate of that part of the lamina which is outside the vestibular membrane, the periosteum is thickened to form the limbus spiralis (or limbus laminC& spiralis), this ends externally in a concavity, the sulcus spiralis internus, which represents, on section, the form of the letter C. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Limbus_laminae_spiralis]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "limbus lamina spiralis" EXACT [MA:0001191]
synonym: "limbus laminae spiralis" EXACT [FMA:77721]
synonym: "spiral limbus" RELATED []
synonym: "spiral limbus lamina" EXACT [FMA:77721]
xref: FMA:77721
xref: MA:0001191
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray930.png/200px-Gray930.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002277
name: spiral sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "A concavity in the floor of the cochlear duct, formed by either the overhanging vestibular lip (inner spiral sulcus) or the spiral prominence and the spiral organ (outer spiral sulcus)." []
synonym: "sulcus spiralis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:77744
xref: MA:0001195
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002278
name: perilymphatic space
namespace: uberon
def: "The fluid-filled space separating the membranous from the osseous labyrinth." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Retzius space" RELATED []
synonym: "spatium perilymphaticum" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0002083
xref: FMA:77745
xref: SCTID:362576001
xref: ZFA:0005459
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002279
name: vestibular aqueduct
namespace: uberon
def: "At the hinder part of the medial wall of the vestibule is the orifice of the vestibular aqueduct, which extends to the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It transmits a small vein, and contains a tubular prolongation of the membranous labyrinth, the ductus endolymphaticus, which ends in a cul-de-sac between the layers of the dura mater within the cranial cavity. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_aqueduct]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "aqueductus vestibuli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_aqueduct]
xref: FMA:77821
xref: GAID:885
xref: MA:0001186
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.909.957
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray921.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005236 ! osseus labyrinth vestibule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002280
name: otolith
namespace: uberon
def: "Acellular structure composed of calcium carbonate located in the otolith organ." [Wikipedia:Otolith, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Currently represented as part of the otolith membrane, but they may also be considered to be embedded in this membrane
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "immature otolith" RELATED []
synonym: "immature otoliths" RELATED []
synonym: "otoconia" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "otoconial crystal" RELATED [MP:0002894]
synonym: "otoconium" EXACT []
synonym: "otoliths" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "statoconium" EXACT []
synonym: "statolith" RELATED []
xref: ANISEED:777311
xref: ANISEED:874485
xref: FMA:77826
xref: SCTID:368951003
xref: TAO:0001621
xref: UMLS:C0029894
xref: ZFA:0001617
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg/200px-Bigotolith.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Otolith
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002519 ! otolithic membrane
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from immature otolith (TAO:0000139)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of organism substance composed of calcium carbonate located in the otolith organ.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "otoconial" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "otolithic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002281
name: vestibular membrane of cochlear duct
namespace: uberon
def: "a membrane inside the cochlea of the inner ear. It separates scala media from scala vestibuli. Together with the basilar membrane it creates a compartment in the cochlea filled with endolymph, which is important for the function of the organ of Corti. It primarily functions as a diffusion barrier, allowing nutrients to travel from the perilymph to the endolymph of the membranous labyrinth. Histologically, the membrane is composed of two layers of flattened epithelium, separated by a basal lamina. Its structure suggests that its function is transport of fluid and electrolytes." [Wikipedia:Reissner's_membrane]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Reissner's membrane" EXACT [FMA:77829]
synonym: "membrana vestibularis ductus cochlearis" EXACT [MP:0006021]
synonym: "paries vestibularis ductus cochlearis" EXACT [MP:0006021]
synonym: "superior wall of cochlear duct" EXACT [FMA:77829]
synonym: "vestibular membrane" EXACT [MA:0001200, MP:0006021]
synonym: "vestibular membrane of Reissner" EXACT [FMA:77829]
synonym: "vestibular wall of cochlear duct" EXACT [MP:0006021]
xref: FMA:77829
xref: MA:0001200
xref: SCTID:362575002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cochlea-crosssection.png/250px-Cochlea-crosssection.png
is_a: UBERON:0000094  ! membrane organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006585  ! vestibular organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001863 ! scala vestibuli
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002295 ! scala media
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002282
name: stria vascularis of cochlear duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The upper portion of the spiral ligament contains numerous capillary loops and small blood vessels, and is termed the stria vascularis. It produces endolymph for the scala media, one of the three fluid-filled compartments of the cochlea. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Stria_vascularis]
comment: AO notes: represented as a wall in FMA. MESH def implies part of spiral ligament but better represented as adjacency / overlaps
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "psalterial cord" EXACT [MP:0000048]
synonym: "stria vascularis" EXACT []
synonym: "stria vascularis ductus cochlearis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001819]
synonym: "stria vascularis of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:77832]
synonym: "vascular stria of cochlear duct" RELATED [BTO:0001819]
synonym: "vascular stripe of cochlear duct" EXACT [MP:0000048]
xref: BTO:0001819
xref: EFO:0001644
xref: FMA:77832
xref: GAID:875
xref: MA:0001198
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.246.292.876
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2525
xref: SCTID:279842002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png/200px-Cochlea-crosssection.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002283
name: nail matrix
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue (or germinal matrix) upon which the nail rests, the part of the nail bed that extends beneath the nail root and contains nerves, lymph and blood vessels. The matrix is responsible for the production of the cells that become the nail plate. The width and thickness of the nail plate is determined by the size, length, and thickness of the matrix, while the shape of the fingertip itself determines if the nail plate is flat, arched, or hooked. The matrix will continue to grow as long as it receives nutrition and remains in a healthy condition. As new nail plate cells are incubated, they emerge from the matrix round and white to push older nail plate cells forward; and in this way yet older cells become compressed, flat, and translucent, making the pink colour of the capillaries in the nail bed below visible[WP]." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "keratogenous membrane" EXACT [Wikipedia:Nail_(anatomy)#Parts_of_the_nail]
synonym: "matrix unguis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Nail_(anatomy)#Parts_of_the_nail]
synonym: "onychostroma" EXACT [Wikipedia:Nail_(anatomy)#Parts_of_the_nail]
xref: FMA:77856
xref: MA:0002707
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002284
name: hyponychium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium located beneath the nail plate at the junction between the free edge and the skin of the fingertip. It forms a seal that protects the nail bed." [Wikipedia:Hyponychium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:77860
xref: MA:0002705
xref: SCTID:300918002
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001705 ! nail
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002285
name: telencephalic ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A brain ventricle that is part of a telencephalon. In mammals and species with an evaginated telencephalon, this is one of a pair of lateral structures, one in each hemisphere" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Lateral_ventricle]
comment: modeled as space in EHDAA2
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "forebrain ventricle" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral ventricle" EXACT [MA:0000192]
synonym: "lateral ventricle of brain" RELATED [BTO:0000879]
synonym: "tectal ventricle" RELATED []
synonym: "telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [VHOG:0000643, ZFA:0000696]
synonym: "telencephalic vesicle" RELATED [ZFA:0000696]
synonym: "telencephalon lateral ventricle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001984]
xref: BM:Tel-LV
xref: BTO:0000879
xref: EFO:0001961
xref: EHDAA2:0001984
xref: EHDAA:3502
xref: EHDAA:6576
xref: EV:0100307
xref: FMA:78448
xref: GAID:611
xref: MA:0000192
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.650
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1263
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYsFdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180930008
xref: TAO:0000696
xref: UMLS:C0152279
xref: VHOG:0000643
xref: ZFA:0000696
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0004086  ! brain ventricle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009676 ! early telencephalic vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0004086  ! brain ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: external_definition "The lateral ventricles are part of the ventricular system of the brain. Classified as part of the telencephalon, they are the largest of the ventricles. The lateral ventricles connect to the central third ventricle through the interventricular foramina of Monro[WP]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The two lateral ventricles are a cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube. They are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle[GO]." xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002286
name: third ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of the ventricular system of the brain, forming a single large cavity in the midline of the diencephalon; it is continuous with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramen and the fourth ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct (Maryann Martone). A narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami. Its floor is formed by the HYPOTHALAMUS, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by EPENDYMA. It communicates with the FOURTH VENTRICLE by the CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT, and with the LATERAL VENTRICLES by the interventricular foramina[GAID]." [GAID:614, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_714, Wikipedia:Third_ventricle]
comment: Editor's note: consider adding class for secondary vesicle precursor
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "3rd ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "diencephalic ventricle" RELATED []
synonym: "diencephalic vesicle" NARROW []
synonym: "ventriculus diencephali" EXACT [ZFA:0000161]
synonym: "ventriculus tertius cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Third_ventricle]
xref: BM:Die-3V
xref: EHDAA2:0000084
xref: EMAPA:16900
xref: EV:0100308
xref: FMA:78454
xref: GAID:614
xref: MA:0000182
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.840
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_714
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvakhcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180931007
xref: TAO:0000161
xref: UMLS:C0149555
xref: VHOG:0000007
xref: ZFA:0000161
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Third_Ventricle_of_Brain
is_a: UBERON:0004086  ! brain ventricle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006284 ! early prosencephalic vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from forebrain ventricle (TAO:0001259)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002287
name: optic recess of third ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "At the junction of the floor and anterior wall of the third ventricle, immediately above the optic chiasma, the ventricle presents a small angular recess or diverticulum, the optic recess (or supraoptic recess). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Optic_recess]
comment: TODO - check taxonomic grouping
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "optic recess" EXACT []
synonym: "optic recesses" RELATED [VHOG:0000595]
synonym: "preoptic recess" EXACT []
synonym: "recessus supraopticus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78455, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Optic_recess]
synonym: "supraoptic recess" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001317
xref: EHDAA:1343
xref: EHDAA:1973
xref: EHDAA:2649
xref: EHDAA:3478
xref: EMAPA:16644
xref: EMAPA:16902
xref: FMA:78455
xref: SCTID:369279008
xref: TAO:0000049
xref: VHOG:0000595
xref: ZFA:0000049
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray721.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray721.png/200px-Gray721.png
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle
property_value: external_definition "The optic recess of the third ventricle, i.e. the pouch of the ventricle penetrating into the interval between the initial optic tracts. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002288
name: choroid plexus of third ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a third ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "3rd ventricle choroid plexus" RELATED []
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of third ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "choroid plexus third ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001444]
synonym: "diencephalic choroid plexus " EXACT [ZFA:0001444]
synonym: "third ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third ventricle choroid plexus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:78462
xref: MA:0000879
xref: SCTID:61576002
xref: TAO:0001444
xref: UMLS:C0152291
xref: VHOG:0001374
xref: ZFA:0001444
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Third_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0001886  ! choroid plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001886  ! choroid plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002289
name: midbrain cerebral aqueduct
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005684
def: "The mesencephalic duct, also known as the aqueductus mesencephali, aqueduct of Sylvius or the cerebral aqueduct, contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is within the mesencephalon (or midbrain) and connects the third ventricle in the diencephalon to the fourth ventricle, which is between the pons and cerebellum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct]
comment: AO notes: Two distinct classes in ncit. We classify this as a brain ventricle even though it is not classifically regarded as one (3rd = diencephalon, 4th = hindbrains)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Sylvian aqueduct" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct]
synonym: "aqueduct (Sylvius)" EXACT []
synonym: "aqueduct of Sylvius" EXACT []
synonym: "aqueduct of midbrain" EXACT []
synonym: "aqueductus mesencephali" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78467, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct]
synonym: "cerebral aquaduct" EXACT [ZFA:0000159]
synonym: "cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [MA:0000208]
synonym: "cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius" EXACT []
synonym: "medial tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159]
synonym: "mesencephalic duct" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct]
synonym: "mesencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159]
synonym: "mesencephalic vesicle" RELATED [ZFA:0000159]
synonym: "midbrain cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001163]
synonym: "midbrain ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159]
synonym: "tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159]
xref: BM:MB-AQ
xref: EFO:0003501
xref: EHDAA2:0001163
xref: EHDAA:3696
xref: EMAPA:17795
xref: EV:0100309
xref: FMA:78467
xref: GAID:583
xref: MA:0000208
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.822.187
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1261
xref: SCTID:279249003
xref: TAO:0000159
xref: UMLS:C0007769
xref: VHOG:0000832
xref: ZFA:0000159
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Aqueduct_of_Sylvius
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Aqueduct
is_a: UBERON:0004086  ! brain ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013148 ! early midbrain vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002290
name: choroid plexus of fourth ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "4th ventricle choroid plexus" RELATED []
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of fourth ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "choroid plexus fourth ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001446]
synonym: "fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth ventricle choroid plexus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:78492
xref: MA:0000983
xref: SCTID:42214001
xref: TAO:0001446
xref: UMLS:C0152293
xref: VHOG:0001375
xref: ZFA:0001446
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Fourth_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0001886  ! choroid plexus
is_a: UBERON:0006694  ! cerebellum vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001886  ! choroid plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002291
name: central canal
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002220
def: "Spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: previously mapped to FMA:75364. Note some ontologies (NIF, SNOMED) subdivide this into lumbar, thoracic, etc. Note we follow FMA in distinguishing between the canal and the lumen
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "canalis centralis" EXACT [ZFA:0000938]
synonym: "central canal of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "neural lumen" RELATED []
synonym: "spinal cord central canal" EXACT []
synonym: "ventricle of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:78497]
xref: EHDAA2:0004361
xref: FMA:78497
xref: MA:0001117
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1409
xref: SCTID:279447004
xref: TAO:0000938
xref: UMLS:C0459414
xref: ZFA:0000938
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Canal
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001359 ! cerebrospinal fluid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002292
name: costovertebral joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The costovertebral joints are the articulations that connect the heads of the ribs with the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae. Joining of ribs to the vertebrae occurs at two places, the head and the tubercle of the rib. Two convex facets from the head attach to two adjacent vertebrae. This forms a trochoid joint, which is strengthened by the ligament of the head and the intercapital ligament. Articulation of the tubercle is to the transverse process of the adjacent vertebrae. This articulation is reinforced by the dorsal costotransverse ligament. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Costovertebral_joint]
comment: AO notes: FMA has both this and joint of head of rib
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "costal head joint" RELATED [FMA:7951]
synonym: "costocorporeal joint" RELATED [FMA:7951]
synonym: "costovertebral synovial joint" EXACT [FMA:10382]
synonym: "joint of costal head" RELATED [FMA:7951]
synonym: "joint of head of rib" RELATED [FMA:7951]
xref: EMAPA:19020
xref: EMAPA:19208
xref: FMA:10382
xref: MA:0001510
xref: SCTID:263315000
xref: UMLS:C0224681
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray312.png/200px-Gray312.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Costovertebral_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0002001  ! joint of rib
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0002230 ! head of rib
relationship: connects UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002230 ! head of rib
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002293
name: costochondral joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A bars of hyaline cartilage located between the distal part of a rib and a costal cartilage, connecting the ribs to the sternum ." [HP:0000920, Wikipedia:Costochondral_joint]
comment: Taxon notes: In humans, Joints between costal cartilages of ribs 6-9 are plane synovial joints. Articulation between costal cartilage of rib 9 and rib 10 is fibrous
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio costochondralis" EXACT [FMA:7956, FMA:TA]
synonym: "articulationes costochondrales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costochondral_joint]
synonym: "chondrocostal synchondrosis" EXACT [FMA:7956]
synonym: "costochondral junction" EXACT [FMA:7956, HP:0000920]
synonym: "costochondral synchondrosis" EXACT [FMA:7956]
xref: FMA:7956
xref: MA:0001509
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvfy27JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:282413008
xref: UMLS:C0224683
xref: ncithesaurus:Costochondral_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0002001  ! joint of rib
is_a: UBERON:0002215  ! synchondrosis
relationship: connects UBERON:0002236 ! costal cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0010424 ! distal segment of rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002294
name: biliary system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that consists of the organs and ducts (bile ducts, gallbladder, and associated structures) that are involved in the production and transportation of bile." [Wikipedia:Biliary_system]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "biliary apparatus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:79646
xref: SCTID:361354009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png/200px-Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330  ! exocrine system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002295
name: scala media
namespace: uberon
def: "An endolymph filled cavity inside the cochlea, located in between the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli, separated by the basilar membrane and Reissner's membrane (the vestibular membrane) respectively. Scala media houses the organ of Corti. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scala_media]
comment: TODO: check cochlear duct vs cochlear aqueduct vs scala media
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cochlear duct" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000262
xref: FMA:79789
xref: MA:0002458
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gray928.png/200px-Gray928.png
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002296
name: dorsal mesentery
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_mesentery, Wikipedia:Mesentery#Development, ZFIN:curator]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal mesogastrium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_mesentery]
synonym: "mesenterium dorsale commune" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_mesentery]
xref: EHDAA2:0004560
xref: EHDAA:3019
xref: EHDAA:3033
xref: EHDAA:3921
xref: EHDAA:3934
xref: EHDAA:3957
xref: EHDAA:3971
xref: FMA:79795
xref: SCTID:308823000
xref: TAO:0005130
xref: ZFA:0005130
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Gray985.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Gray985.png/200px-Gray985.png
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009664 ! gut mesentery
property_value: external_definition "The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002297
name: cerumen
namespace: uberon
def: "The yellow or brown waxy secretions produced by vestigial apocrine sweat glands in the external ear canal[MESH]." [MESH:A12.200.147, Wikipedia:Cerumen]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ear wax" EXACT []
xref: ENVO:02000028
xref: FMA:79869
xref: GAID:1158
xref: MA:0002506
xref: MESH:A12.200.147
xref: UMLS:C0740486
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerumen
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cerumenal" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cerumenous" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002298
name: brainstem
namespace: uberon
def: "Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain[ZFA,adopted]." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Brainstem, ZFA:0001707]
comment: 'brainstem' is a loose term that sometimes refers to the ventral parts o the brain except for any part of the telencephalon - sometimes it includes the diencephalon or subpallial telencephalon structures (ISBN10:0471888893). Here we use it in a more restriced sense, to include only the medulla oblongata, pons (when present) and the midbrain tegmentum (following the ZFA definitions).
subset: loose_concept  ! loose concept
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "brain stem" EXACT [ABA:BS]
synonym: "truncus encephali" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brainstem]
synonym: "truncus encephalicus" RELATED [BTO:0000146]
xref: ABA:BS
xref: BTO:0000146
xref: EFO:0001962
xref: EV:0100241
xref: FMA:79876
xref: MA:0000169
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1565
xref: SCTID:180925009
xref: TAO:0002156
xref: UMLS:C0006121
xref: VHOG:0001457
xref: ZFA:0001707
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray719.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray719.png/200px-Gray719.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Stem
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001890
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002037
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002314
property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002300
name: obsolete ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A chamber of an organ with cavitated organ parts. Examples: right ventricle of heart, lateral ventricle of brain." [Wikipedia:Ventricle_of_the_larynx]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002302
name: myocardium of atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "A myocardium that is part of a cardiac atrium [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Cardiac atria cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Cardiac atria heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Cardiac atria heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Cardiac atria muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Cardiac atria myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "atrial myocardium" EXACT []
synonym: "atrium cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0000602]
synonym: "atrium myocardium" EXACT []
synonym: "atrium of heart cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "atrium of heart heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "atrium of heart heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "atrium of heart muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "atrium of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac atrium heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac atrium heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac atrium muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac atrium myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart atrium heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart atrium heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart atrium muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart atrium myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003087
xref: FMA:83509
xref: MA:0000081
xref: SCTID:191910002
xref: TAO:0001374
xref: VHOG:0000602
xref: ZFA:0001374
is_a: UBERON:0002349  ! myocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0002349  ! myocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
property_value: homology_notes "As noted, the hearts of birds and mammals have four chambers that arises from the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the fish heart.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002303
name: juxtaglomerular apparatus
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure which consists of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells and the macula densa. The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate[GO]. a microscopic structure in the kidney, which regulates the function of each nephron. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is named for its proximity to the glomerulus: it is found between the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle and the returning distal convoluted tubule of the same nephron. This location is critical to its function in regulating renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. The three cellular components of the apparatus are the macula densa, extraglomerular mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells (also known as granular cells)[WP]." [GO:0072206, Wikipedia:Juxtaglomerular_apparatus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "complexus juxtaglomerularis" RELATED LATIN []
synonym: "juxtaglomerular complex" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:30449
xref: FMA:83599
xref: GAID:432
xref: MA:0002546
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736.520.520
xref: SCTID:362219002
xref: UMLS:C0022445
xref: ncithesaurus:Juxtaglomerular_Apparatus
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002306
name: nasal mucus
namespace: uberon
def: "In the respiratory system mucus aids in the protection of the lungs by trapping foreign particles that enter it, particularly through the nose, during normal breathing. Phlegm is a specialized term for mucus that is restricted to the respiratory tract, while the term mucus more globally describes secretions of the nasal passages as well." [Wikipedia:Nasal_mucus#Respiratory_system]
comment: TODO - split nasal vs respiratory tract?
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "respiratory mucus" EXACT [BTO:0003603]
xref: BTO:0003603
xref: FMA:83688
xref: MA:0002535
xref: UMLS:C0225392
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Mucus
is_a: UBERON:0000912  ! mucus
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000912  ! mucus
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002307
name: choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "choroid plexus telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001447]
synonym: "lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral ventricle choroid plexus" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0004449
xref: FMA:83711
xref: MA:0000961
xref: SCTID:70064002
xref: TAO:0001447
xref: UMLS:C0152289
xref: VHOG:0001376
xref: ZFA:0001447
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0001886  ! choroid plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001886  ! choroid plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002308
name: nucleus of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "Nucleus of neuraxis which is located within the brain. Example: pontobulbar nucleus, globose nucleus[FMA]. brain structure consisting of a relatively compact cluster of neurons. It is one of the two most common forms of nerve cell organization, the other being layered structures such as the cerebral cortex or cerebellar cortex. In anatomical sections, a nucleus shows up as a region of gray matter, often bordered by white matter. The vertebrate brain contains hundreds of distinguishable nuclei, varying widely in shape and size. A nucleus may itself have a complex internal structure, with multiple types of neurons arranged in clumps (subnuclei) or layers.[Wikipedia]" [FMA:83840, Wikipedia:Nucleus_(neuroanatomy)]
comment: We considered merging with 'neural nucleus'
synonym: "brain nucleus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:83840
xref: MA:0000811
xref: SCTID:426465002
xref: UMLS:C1706993
xref: ZFA:0005575
xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0000125  ! neural nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter
intersection_of: UBERON:0000125  ! neural nucleus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002309
name: medial longitudinal fasciculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a pair of crossed fiber tracts, one on each side of the brainstem. These bundles of axons are situated near the midline of the brainstem and are composed of both ascending and descending fibers that arise from a number of sources and terminate in different areas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_longitudinal_fasciculus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "MLF" RELATED [ZFA:0000543]
synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_longitudinal_fasciculus]
xref: BTO:0003951
xref: FMA:83846
xref: SCTID:362397001
xref: TAO:0000543
xref: ZFA:0000543
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray711.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gray711.png/200px-Gray711.png
is_a: UBERON:0005838  ! fasciculus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002311
name: obsolete nodulus of cerebellum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0004083  ! cerebellum vermis lobule X

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002314
name: midbrain tectum
namespace: uberon
def: "Dorsal part of the midbrain, consisting of the superior and inferior colliculi and the pretectal nuclei [MM, NIF]. The tectum is a region of the brain, specifically the dorsal part of the mesencephalon (midbrain). This is contrasted with the tegmentum, which refers to the region ventral to the ventricular system. It is derived in embryonic development from the alar plate of the neural tube. [WP,unvetted]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1032, Wikipedia:Midbrain_tectum]
comment: In adult humans it is present only in the mesencephalon as the inferior and the superior colliculi[WP].
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "mesencephalic tectum" EXACT [ZFA:0000445]
synonym: "neuraxis tectum" EXACT []
synonym: "t. mesencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midbrain_tectum]
synonym: "tectum" EXACT []
synonym: "tectum mesencephali" EXACT [BTO:0001793]
xref: BM:MB-Tec
xref: BTO:0001793
xref: EFO:0000920
xref: EHDAA2:0004474
xref: EMAPA:19051
xref: FMA:83902
xref: MA:0000211
xref: MAT:0000451
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1032
xref: SCTID:362394008
xref: TAO:0001353
xref: UMLS:C0039433
xref: VHOG:0001388
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray685.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gray685.png/200px-Gray685.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tectum_Mesencephali
is_a: UBERON:0002950  ! regional part of midbrain
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005882 ! alar plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
property_value: homology_notes "The tectum - a multisensory, topologically mapped structure in the roof of the midbrain presents a remarkable degree of conservation in all vertebrate radiations; although it varies in the extent of its development in different vertebrate classes, there is considerable evidence now to deem its layered structure, its cell types, and its hodological pattern as homologous in all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002315
name: gray matter of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "the ridge-shaped grey matter of the spinal cord that extends longitudunally through the center of each half of the spinal cord, and are largely or entirely composed of nerve cell bodies and their dendrites and some supportive tissue." [MP:0008503]
synonym: "gray matter of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gray substance of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256580]
synonym: "grey matter of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "grey substance of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal cord gray matter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal cord gray matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal cord grey matter" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal cord grey substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:256580
xref: MA:0000002
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100204
xref: SCTID:279441003
xref: UMLS:C0475853
xref: ncithesaurus:Gray_Matter_of_the_Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002316
name: white matter
namespace: uberon
def: "Neural tissue consisting of myelinated axons connecting grey matter areas of the central nervous system." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:White_matter]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CNS tracts and commissures" RELATED [TAO:0000145]
synonym: "CNS white matter" RELATED [TAO:0002143]
synonym: "neuronal white matter" EXACT [AEO:0001011]
synonym: "substantia alba" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:White_matter]
synonym: "white mater" RELATED [VHOG:0001764]
synonym: "white matter of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83929]
synonym: "white substance" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0000139
xref: AEO:0001011
xref: FMA:83929
xref: MA:0001135
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:Class_2
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOAsDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0000145
xref: TAO:0002142
xref: TAO:0002143
xref: UMLS:C0682708
xref: VHOG:0001764
xref: ZFA:0001682
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Grey_matter_and_white_matter_-_very_high_mag.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:White_Matter
is_a: UBERON:0003714  ! neural tissue
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: has_part UBERON:0006135 ! myelinated nerve fiber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Cell part cluster consisting predominantly of neurites in the brain and the spinal cord[FMA:83929]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure comprised largely of myelinated axons.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The myelination of axons by glial cells was the last major step in the evolution of cells in the vertebrate nervous system, and white-matter tracts are key to the architecture of the mammalian brain.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002317
name: white matter of cerebellum
namespace: uberon
comment: note that in NIF this is a composite structure; in MA and FMA it is explicitly part of cerebellum. This leads to consistency problems with strict parcellation schemes like ABA, see cerebellar peduncles. In NIF this is a composite structure, this is followed partially here in weakening the relationship to overlaps
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cerebellar white matter" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebellum white matter" EXACT []
xref: FMA:83943
xref: MA:0002430
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1562
xref: SCTID:362412009
xref: TAO:0002183
xref: UMLS:C0152381
xref: ZFA:0001708
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellum_White_Matter
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
property_value: external_definition "CNS white matter that is part of the cerebellum.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002318
name: white matter of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "the regions of the spinal cord that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites." [MP:0008027]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "spinal cord white matter" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal cord white matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal cord white substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "white matter of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "white substance of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:83945
xref: MA:0000910
xref: SCTID:279436006
xref: UMLS:C0458457
xref: ncithesaurus:White_Matter_of_the_Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002319
name: mesangium
namespace: uberon
def: "inner layer of the glomerulus, within the basement membrane surrounding the glomerular capillaries." [Wikipedia:Mesangium, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&amp;atid=974957]
comment: WP considers this the same as glomerular mesangium. In MA, glomerular and extraglomerular are distingsuished.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0002494
xref: EMAPA:28248
xref: FMA:84139
xref: MA:0002617
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736.520.380
xref: UMLS:C0017655
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesangium
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005215 ! kidney interstitium
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mesangial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002320
name: glomerular mesangium
namespace: uberon
def: "A thin membrane which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus. It is connective tissue composed of mesangial cells - myofibroblasts phenotypically related to vascular smooth muscle cells (MUSCLE, SMOOTH, VASCULAR), PHAGOCYTES and the mesangial EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX." [MESH:A05.810.453.736.520.380, Wikipedia:Glomerular_mesangium]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EMAPA:27961
xref: EMAPA:28248
xref: FMA:84140
xref: GAID:430
xref: MA:0002606
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736.520.380
xref: SCTID:244574009
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002319 ! mesangium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004190 ! glomerulus vasculature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002321
name: extraglomerular mesangium
namespace: uberon
comment: editor note - check MA part_ofs - should be spatially disjoint from renal glomerulus?
xref: EMAPA:28278
xref: FMA:84141
xref: MA:0002602
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002303 ! juxtaglomerular apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002319 ! mesangium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002322
name: periventricular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Periventricular_nucleus]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ventral zone of periventricular hypothalamus" EXACT [ZFA:0000260]
xref: FMA:84354
xref: TAO:0000260
xref: ZFA:0000260
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002323
name: coelemic cavity lumen
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0000169
def: "The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities." [BTO:0001707]
comment: Taxon notes: In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities. editor note: check the FMA placement here; ncit placement of body cavity here probably not correct
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "celom" RELATED [BTO:0001707]
synonym: "coelom" RELATED []
synonym: "coelome" RELATED [BTO:0001707]
synonym: "coelomic cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000267]
synonym: "coelomic cavity lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000267]
synonym: "hemocoel" RELATED [FBbt:00005060]
synonym: "space of body compartment" EXACT [FMA:85006]
synonym: "ventral body cavity" NARROW []
xref: AEO:0000186
xref: BTO:0001707
xref: EHDAA2:0000267
xref: FBbt:00005060
xref: FMA:85006
xref: MA:0002447
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003186
xref: SCTID:361348008
xref: TAO:0001438
xref: UMLS:C0333343
xref: ZFA:0001438
xref: galen:BodyCavity
xref: ncithesaurus:Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
is_a: UBERON:0004458  ! body cavity or lining
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003886 ! body cavity precursor
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical space, part of the trunk that contains the pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities[ZFA]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities[BTO]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002324
name: muscle of back
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "back muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "back muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:85216
xref: MA:0000496
is_a: UBERON:0001774  ! muscle of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002325
name: epithelium of urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "The urethra is a renal system organ that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body. The epithelium is the tubular, planar layer of cells through which the urine passes.." [GO:0061071]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "epithelial tissue of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethra epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethra epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "urethral epithelium" RELATED []
xref: FMA:85275
xref: MA:0001686
xref: UMLS:C1710584
xref: ncithesaurus:Urethra_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002326
name: lamina propria of urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethra lamina propria" EXACT []
synonym: "urethra lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethra lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethral lamina propria" RELATED []
xref: FMA:85276
xref: MA:0001689
is_a: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002327
name: trunk of intercostal nerve
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "intercostal nerve trunk" EXACT []
synonym: "intercostal neural trunk" EXACT []
xref: FMA:85315
xref: MA:0001176
is_a: UBERON:0001147  ! trunk of peripheral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002328
name: notochord
namespace: uberon
def: "a flexible rod-shaped body found in embryos of all chordates. It is composed of cells derived from the mesoderm and defines the primitive axis of the embryo. In some chordates, it persists throughout life as the main axial support of the body, while in most vertebrates it becomes the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. The notochord is found ventral to the neural tube." [ISBN:0815318960, Wikipedia:Notochord, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/25, http://tolweb.org/Chordata/2499]
comment: Development notes: In between vertebra the notochord becomes the nucleus pulposus, under it degenerates, and at anterior end in some species its tissue merges with some of the cranial bones.. Some organisms retain a post-embryonic notochord. // The notochord appears early in embryogeny and plays an important role in promoting or organizing the embryonic development of nearby structures. In most adult chordates the notochord disappears or becomes highly modified. In some non-vertebrate chordates and fishes the notochord persists as a laterally flexible but incompressible skeletal rod that prevents telescopic collapse of the body during swimming[TOLWEB]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "embryonic notocord" EXACT []
synonym: "notochorda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Notochord]
synonym: "notocord" EXACT [ZFA:0000135]
xref: AAO:0000327
xref: BTO:0001768
xref: EHDAA2:0001277
xref: EHDAA:1241
xref: EHDAA:6021
xref: EMAPA:16191
xref: EV:0100002
xref: FMA:85521
xref: GAID:1311
xref: MAT:0000281
xref: MESH:A16.254.610
xref: SCTID:308820002
xref: TAO:0000135
xref: UMLS:C0028439
xref: VHOG:0000199
xref: VSAO:0000032
xref: XAO:0000055
xref: ZFA:0000135
xref: http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/images/history/notochords.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Notochord
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004880 ! chordamesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006267 ! notochordal plate
relationship: dorsal_to UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011137 ! axial skeletal system
relationship: ventral_to UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from mesoderm (AAO:0000304) CHANGED TO: develops_from mesoderm (UBERON:0000926)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Avascular multi-tissue structure composed of large vacuolated epithelial cells (chordablasts) and perichordal fibrous tissue.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Rod-like principal supportive element of the embryo and larva, present in the midline just ventral to the neural tube, and differentiating during the segmentation period to form large vacuolated epithelial cells and a surrounding a sheath of fibrous and elastic layers. Layering of the sheath may differ in structure, thickness and development among groups; in cypriniforms there are actually three very thin layers to the sheath. A functional, well developed notochord is present throughout life in certain basal fish groups but not in cypriniforms. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Slender rod of fibrous connective tissue surrounding a core of fluid-filled cells of mesodermal origin; it lies above the gut and directly beneath the spinal cord. The notochord is present during early development and in a few cases it is retained through life; however, usually the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "notochordal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (3) a stiff, longitudinal rod of turgid cells along the dorsal part of the body that is called a notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002329
name: somite
namespace: uberon
def: "Somites are spheres of epithelial cells that form sequentially along the anteriorbposterior axis of the embryo through mesenchymal to epithelial transition of the presomitic mesoderm." [Wikipedia:Somite, doi:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2012.01987.x]
comment: Editor notes: currently classified as an epithelial vesicle, consistent with EHDAA2 and UBERONREF:0000002. Consider making \"somitic mesoderm\" a separate term and correlate with regionalization processes. Consider moving ZFA term to 'trunk somite' as it is part of the trunk // When the somite becomes segmented from the segmental plate, it is composed of an epithelial sac enclosing mesenchymal somitocoel cells. Thereafter the somite differentiates into two parts, the ventro-medial mesenchymal sclerotome and the dorso-lateral epithelial dermomyotome. This change in the epithelial somite depends on surrounding tissue [PMID:15906248]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelial somite" RELATED [UBERONREF:0000002]
synonym: "mesodermal cluster" EXACT [GO:0001756]
synonym: "somites" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "somitic mesoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "somitus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Somite]
xref: AAO:0010569
xref: AEO:0001015
xref: BTO:0001558
xref: EHDAA2:0003436
xref: EHDAA:366
xref: EHDAA:699
xref: FMA:85522
xref: GAID:1306
xref: MAT:0000068
xref: MESH:A16.254.425.660.750
xref: MIAA:0000068
xref: TAO:0000155
xref: UMLS:C0376449
xref: VHOG:0000191
xref: XAO:0000058
xref: ZFA:0000155
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Somite
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0007503  ! epithelial vesicle
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003059 ! presomitic mesoderm
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7712
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from paraxial mesenchyme (TAO:0000942)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of trunk (TAO:0001115) CHANGED TO: develops_from trunk (UBERON:0002100)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of paraxial mesoderm (AAO:0010568) CHANGED TO: develops_from paraxial mesoderm (UBERON:0003077)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Post-cranial axial segments which form sclerotome and dermomyotome.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Undifferentiated mesodermal components of early trunk or tail segments or metameres, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms myotomes, sclerotomes and perhaps dermatomes. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "somitic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) cephalocordates and craniates belong to a group known as Somitichordata. Somitichordate synapomorphies include (1) somites (...) (reference 1); The idea that the last common ancestor of bilaterian animals (Urbilateria) was segmented has been raised recently on evidence coming from comparative molecular embryology (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002330
name: exocrine system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce exocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity. Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their products (hormones) into ducts (duct glands). They are the counterparts to endocrine glands, which secrete their products (hormones) directly into the bloodstream (ductless glands) or release hormones (paracrines) that affect only target cells nearby the release site. [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Exocrine_gland]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "exocrine glandular system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002225]
xref: EHDAA2:0002225
xref: FMA:85539
xref: MA:0002411
xref: UMLS:C1516995
xref: WikipediaCategory:Exocrine_system
xref: ncithesaurus:Exocrine_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390  ! hematopoietic system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002333
name: pulmonary trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "Pulmonary arterial trunk which is continuous with the right ventricle.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_artery]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vessel_or_tree  ! A term classified differently in FMA due to its treatment of branching structures - to be reviewed and revised by editors
synonym: "pulmonary artery (trunk)" EXACT []
synonym: "trunk of pulmonary arterial tree" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0001399
xref: EHDAA2:0001576
xref: EHDAA:9831
xref: EMAPA:17015
xref: EMAPA:18240
xref: FMA:8612
xref: MA:0002033
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-6d0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: VHOG:0001134
xref: galen:PulmonaryTrunk
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
property_value: external_definition "An arterial trunk with origin from the right ventricle of the heart, and dividing into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which enter the corresponding lungs and branch with the bronchi. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "As in birds, the conus arteriosus split during embryonic development in mammals to produce the pulmonary trunk and single aortic trunk of the adult.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002334
name: submandibular duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The submandibular duct (Wharton's duct, submaxillary duct) is one of the salivary ducts. It is about 5 cm. long, and its wall is much thinner than that of the parotid duct. It begins by numerous branches from the deep surface of the gland, and runs forward between the mylohyoideus, hyoglossus, and genioglossus, then between the sublingual gland and the genioglossus, and opens by a narrow orifice on the summit of a small at the side of the frenulum linguC&. On the hyoglossus it lies between the lingual and hypoglossal nerves, but at the anterior border of the muscle it is crossed laterally by the lingual nerve; the terminal branches of the lingual nerve ascend on its medial side. It drains saliva from the submandibular glands and sublingual glands to the sublingual caruncle at the base of the tongue. It was initially described by the English anatomist Thomas Wharton and sometimes referred to by his name. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submandibular_duct]
comment: AO notes: FMA also has 'main submandibular duct' (FMA:59899)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Wharton's duct" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:59899, Wikipedia:Submandibular_duct]
synonym: "ductus submaxillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Submandibular_duct]
synonym: "submandibular salivary duct" RELATED []
synonym: "submaxillary duct" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0004556
xref: FMA:86266
xref: MA:0002698
xref: SCTID:181237009
xref: UMLS:C0227472
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray1024.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray1024.png/200px-Gray1024.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Submandibular_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0001837  ! duct of salivary gland
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002335
name: macula densa
namespace: uberon
def: "The macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0072024, Wikipedia:Macula_densa]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0003940
xref: FMA:86333
xref: MA:0002603
xref: SCTID:244657003
xref: UMLS:C0227662
xref: ncithesaurus:Macula_Densa
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002303 ! juxtaglomerular apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002338
name: lamina propria of bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "bronchi lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus lamina propria" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchus lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:86619
xref: MA:0001836
xref: UMLS:C1707054
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Lamina_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0000031  ! lamina propria of trachea
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000410 ! bronchial mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002339
name: epithelium of lobar bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "the tissue made up of epithelial cells that lines the inside of the lobar bronchus." [GO:0060481]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchial epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "lobar bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchus epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "secondary bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17390
xref: EMAPA:17658
xref: EMAPA:17666
xref: EMAPA:17984
xref: EMAPA:17989
xref: EMAPA:17994
xref: EMAPA:18000
xref: FMA:86624
xref: MA:0001842
is_a: UBERON:0000115  ! lung epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0002031  ! epithelium of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002340
name: epithelium of main bronchus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003245
def: "An epithelium that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "bronchus principalis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchial epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "main bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "primary bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001047
xref: EHDAA:5003
xref: EMAPA:16851
xref: FMA:86625
xref: MA:0001847
xref: VHOG:0001034
is_a: UBERON:0002031  ! epithelium of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002341
name: epithelium of segmental bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a segmental bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "epithelial tissue of segmental bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "segmental bronchial epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "segmental bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "segmental bronchus epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "tertiary bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tertiary bronchus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:86626
xref: MA:0001850
is_a: UBERON:0000115  ! lung epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0002031  ! epithelium of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002342
name: neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "The neural crest, a transient component of the ectoderm, is located in between the neural tube and the epidermis (or the free margins of the neural folds) of an embryo during neural tube formation. Neural crest cells quickly migrate during or shortly after neurulation, an embryological event marked by neural tube closure." [Wikipedia:Neural_crest]
comment: Editor note: consider including subclasses for pre- and post- migratory (e.g. sheets/paths/streams). Taxon notes: A well developed neural crest population is present in lampreys (Horigome et al. 1999 ; Tomsa & Langeland, 1999) and gnathostomes. chordate fossils from the early Cambrian (Yunnanozoan and Haikouella) with apparent neural-crest derived structures (pharyngeal denticles and pharyngeal skeletons resembling the striped mucocartilage of the branchial bars in lamprey ammocoete larvae), suggests that neural crest arose very early in vertebrate evolution (Chen et al. 1999; Holland & Chen, 2001). The invertebrate chordates apparently lack defini- tive neural crest. One marker of migrating neural crest in some vertebrates, the antibody HNK1, does not recognize any cells in amphioxus embryos (Holland, unpublished). Even so, in both amphioxus and tunicates, cells at the edges of the neural plate and adjacent nonneural ectoderm share some properties of neural crest[PMID:11523831]. Gene notes: Many factors and genes, such as Pax3 (Tremblay et al., 1995), slug (Nieto et al., 1994), AP-2 (Zhang et al., 1996; Schorle et al., 1996), and Wnt-1/3a (Ikeya et al., 1997) are expressed in the dorsal most region of the neural tube, and have been shown to be involved in the generation of neural crest cells.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "crista neuralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neural_crest]
synonym: "neural crest material" RELATED [VHOG:0000057]
xref: AAO:0010578
xref: BTO:0001764
xref: EHDAA2:0004419
xref: FMA:86666
xref: GAID:1310
xref: MAT:0000066
xref: MESH:A16.254.600
xref: MIAA:0000066
xref: SCTID:361462002
xref: TAO:0000045
xref: UMLS:C0027789
xref: VHOG:0000057
xref: XAO:0000048
xref: ZFA:0000045
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Neural_Crest.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray644.png/200px-Gray644.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Crest
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010316  ! germ layer / neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005062 ! neural fold
relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000110 ! neurula stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from ectoderm (AAO:0000137) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A cell population arising from the dorsolateral aspect of the central nervous system primordium during the segmentation period, and later migrating along stereotyped pathways to give rise to a diverse and well-defined set of cell types including pigment cells, peripheral neurons and glia, and head cartilage. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Migratory cell population which delaminates from neural tube, borders surface ectoderm and neural ectoderm, and gives rise to many different tissue types.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude that the neural crest is a vertebrate novelty, but that neural crest cells and their derivatives evolved and diversified in a step-wise fashion - first by elaboration of neural plate border cells, then by the innovation or co-option of new or ancient metazoan cell fates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002343
name: abdomen musculature
namespace: uberon
def: "Set of all muscles in abdomen." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note distinction between abdomen muscle and abdomen musculature
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "abdominal musculature" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle group of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:71294]
synonym: "muscles of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:71294]
synonym: "musculature of abdomen" EXACT []
synonym: "musculature of abdominal wall" EXACT [FMA:86917]
synonym: "set of muscles of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:71294]
xref: FMA:71294
xref: FMA:86917
xref: TAO:0001327
xref: ZFA:0001327
is_a: UBERON:0004479  ! musculature of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002345
name: descending thoracic aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "the part of the aorta that extends from the arch of the aorta to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest." [MP:0009868]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: EFO:0002527
xref: EMAPA:18605
xref: FMA:87217
xref: MA:0002572
xref: SCTID:181301002
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001514 ! descending aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001515 ! thoracic aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002346
name: neurectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Embryonic ectoderm that gives rise to nervous tissue." [Wikipedia:Neuroectoderm]
comment: Terminology notes: we prefer neurectoderm to neural ectoderm since placodal ectoderm is not classified here
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelium tubi neuralis; neuroectoderma" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neuroectoderm]
synonym: "neuaral ectoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "neural ectoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "neuroectoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral neurogenic region" RELATED [VHOG:0000150]
xref: AAO:0011074
xref: BILA:0000039
xref: EHDAA2:0001248
xref: EHDAA:1498
xref: EHDAA:255
xref: EMAPA:16073
xref: EV:0100004
xref: FBbt:00001061
xref: FMA:87657
xref: MAT:0000176
xref: MIAA:0000176
xref: TAO:0001120
xref: UMLS:C1518271
xref: VHOG:0000150
xref: XAO:0000042
xref: ZFA:0001120
xref: ncithesaurus:Neuroectoderm
is_a: UBERON:0000923  ! germ layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
property_value: has_relational_adjective "neurectodermal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "(...) the ability of ectoderm to produce neuronal cells is a general metazoan feature.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002347
name: thoracic vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans, the 12 thoracic vertebrae compose the middle segment of the vertebral column, between the cervical vertebrae and the lumbar vertebrae. They are intermediate in size between those of the cervical and lumbar regions; they increase in size as one proceeds down the spine, the upper vertebrae being much smaller than those in the lower part of the region. They are distinguished by the presence of facets on the sides of the bodies for articulation with the heads of the ribs, and facets on the transverse processes of all, except the eleventh and twelfth, for articulation with the tubercles of the ribs. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_vertebrae]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dorsal vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "thorax vertebra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebra of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebra thoracica" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18011
xref: FMA:9139
xref: GAID:244
xref: MA:0000314
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834.892
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdZIBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181821009
xref: UMLS:C0039987
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Gray90.png/200px-Gray90.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0003827  ! thoracic segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013507 ! thoracic vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006073 ! thoracic region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006073 ! thoracic region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002348
name: epicardium
namespace: uberon
def: "Region of visceral serous pericardium which has as its part, the mesothelium, subepicardial layer of epicardium and the fibroelastic connective tissue that is attached to the myocardium and is continuous with the parietal serous pericardium[FMA]. External layer of the heart[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Epicardium, ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO - check links with UBERON:0002425 visceral serous pericardium. develops from proepicardium. WP:Epicardium -- When considered as a part of the pericardium, it is the inner layer, or visceral pericardium, continuous with the serous layer.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "heart epicardium" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina visceralis pericardii serosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epicardium]
synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral serous pericardium proper" EXACT [FMA:9461]
xref: AAO:0010409
xref: EHDAA2:0002202
xref: FMA:9461
xref: TAO:0005057
xref: UMLS:C0225968
xref: VHOG:0000119
xref: XAO:0000316
xref: ZFA:0005057
xref: galen:Epicardium
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Epicardium
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004160 ! proepicardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002425 ! visceral serous pericardium
property_value: external_definition "External layer of the heart.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The inner layer of the pericardium that is in contact with the surface of the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002349
name: myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "middle muscular layer of the heart wall[M-W]. Muscle layer of organ which has as its parts the myocardium proper and the conducting system of the heart[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Myocardium]
comment: TODO - check 'Myocardum proper' in FMA. We superclass the more generic class for now. FMA has is_a muscle layer - should we add this? ZFA and BTO both have is_a 'cardiac muscle' (tissue?). But in U we also follow FMA and have cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium (there is also Fibrocollagenous connective tissue of myocardium), which would be identical (see issue-10). Note that GO also treats left/right ventricular cardiac muscle tissue synonymous with ventricular myocardium
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cardiac muscle" RELATED [ZFA:0001319]
synonym: "heart muscle" RELATED [FMA:9462]
synonym: "heart muscle " RELATED [ZFA:0001319]
synonym: "heart myocardium" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle of heart" EXACT [FMA:9462]
xref: AAO:0010410
xref: BTO:0000901
xref: EFO:0000819
xref: EHDAA2:0004150
xref: EV:0100022
xref: FMA:9462
xref: GAID:173
xref: MA:0000164
xref: MAT:0000453
xref: MESH:A02.633.580
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4ro36AFrCvEduAAAAOpmP6tw
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001220
xref: SCTID:362012001
xref: TAO:0001319
xref: UMLS:C0027061
xref: VHOG:0000083
xref: XAO:0000065
xref: ZFA:0001319
xref: galen:Myocardium
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Glanzstreifen.jpg/200px-Glanzstreifen.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Myocardium
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
property_value: external_definition "Robust muscular tunic of the heart which forms the basic part of its walls. Its external surface is covered by the pericardium and its internal one by the endocardium. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The middle layer of the heart, consisting of cardiac muscle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "myocardial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002350
name: conducting system of heart
namespace: uberon
def: "The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat[GO]" [GO:0003161]
comment: Editor notes: EHDAA2 divides the system from the tissue
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cardiac conducting system" EXACT [VHOG:0001271]
synonym: "cardiac conduction system" EXACT []
synonym: "cardiac impulse conducting system" EXACT [GO:0003161]
synonym: "cardionector" EXACT []
synonym: "central conduction system" RELATED []
synonym: "heart conduction system" EXACT [GO:0003161]
synonym: "impulse conducting system" EXACT [MA:0000094]
xref: EFO:0003909
xref: EHDAA2:0004185
xref: EV:0100025
xref: FMA:9476
xref: MA:0000094
xref: MESH:A07.541.409
xref: SCTID:281489000
xref: TAO:0005063
xref: VHOG:0001271
xref: ZFA:0005063
is_a: UBERON:0004493  ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium
is_a: UBERON:0010131  ! conducting tissue of heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium
property_value: homology_notes "The fish heart displays clear polarity of contraction in a posterior-to-anterior direction. The contraction waves originate in the sinus venosus and terminate in the conus arteriosus. The nodal phenotype persists in the inflow region of the heart, varying from the venosinus to the sinoatrial junctional areas in different species . Similar to the mammalian situation, pacemaker tissue with a lower intrinsic rhythmicity is also found at the atrioventricular junction.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002351
name: sinoatrial node
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of heart muscle contraction. It relays electrical signals to the AV node[GO]. Subdivision of conducting system of heart at the junction of the right atrium and the superior vena cava, around the sinoatrial nodal branch of right coronary artery and is continuous with the internodal tract[FMA]." [GO:0003163, Wikipedia:Sinoatrial_node]
comment: WP:Heart states: \"The SA node is found in all amniotes but not in more primitive vertebrates. In these animals, the muscles of the heart are relatively continuous and the sinus venosus coordinates the beat which passes in a wave through the remaining chambers. Indeed, since the sinus venosus is incorporated into the right atrium in amniotes, it is likely homologous with the SA node. In teleosts, with their vestigial sinus venosus, the main centre of coordination is, instead, in the atrium.\". Note however that ZFA has SA node.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Koch's node" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "SA nodal muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "SA node" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "cardiac pacemaker" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "node of Keith-Flack" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "nodus sinuatrialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9477, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Sinoatrial_node]
synonym: "sinoatrial node" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "sinu-atrial node" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "sinuatrial nodal muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "sinuatrial node" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "sinus node" EXACT [FMA:9477]
synonym: "sinus node of Keith and Flack" EXACT [FMA:9477]
xref: BTO:0004358
xref: EHDAA2:0004184
xref: FMA:9477
xref: GAID:561
xref: MA:0000097
xref: MESH:A07.541.409.819
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rOhejDGMcEd2AAABQjYGu0g
xref: SCTID:277687007
xref: TAO:0005069
xref: UMLS:C0037189
xref: ZFA:0005069
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Sinoatrial_node_2_low_mag.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Sinoatrial_node_low_mag.jpg/200px-Sinoatrial_node_low_mag.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Sinoatrial_Node
is_a: UBERON:0004493  ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002352
name: atrioventricular node
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of conducting system of heart which is located in the muscular part of the interatrial septum that is continuous with the atrioventricular bundle.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_node]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "aschoff-tawara node" EXACT []
synonym: "atrioventricular nodal muscle tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "atriovetricular node" RELATED [TAO:0005070]
synonym: "av nodal muscle tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "av node" EXACT []
synonym: "node of tawara" EXACT []
synonym: "nodus atrioventricularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_node]
xref: EFO:0000276
xref: EHDAA2:0004183
xref: FMA:9478
xref: GAID:558
xref: MA:0000095
xref: MAT:0000498
xref: MESH:A07.541.409.147
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rMfD91mMcEd2AAABQjYGu0g
xref: SCTID:277688002
xref: TAO:0005070
xref: UMLS:C0004247
xref: VHOG:0001474
xref: ZFA:0005070
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray501.png/200px-Gray501.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Atrioventricular_Node
is_a: UBERON:0004490  ! cardiac muscle tissue of atrium
is_a: UBERON:0004493  ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart
property_value: homology_notes "Three major adaptations, or 'novel cardiac components', that were not present in the ancestor chordate heart tube can be distinguished in the lower vertebrate heart: the atrium, ventricle, and possibly the muscular sinus venosus. Furthermore, within the ventricular component a compact outer myocardial component and an interiorly localized extensive trabecular component can be distinguished. The specific activation of the ventricle adds to its complexity as follows. The depolarizing impulse travels rapidly from the atrioventricular node toward the apex and then toward the conal region, achieving activation from apex to base.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002353
name: atrioventricular bundle
namespace: uberon
def: "A part of the His-Purkinje system that transmits signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers[GO]" [GO:0003166, GOC:mtg_heart, Wikipedia:Bundle_of_His]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "His bundle" EXACT []
synonym: "atrioventricular bundle muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9484]
synonym: "atrioventricular fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:9484]
synonym: "bundle of His" EXACT [FMA:9484, GO:0003166]
synonym: "fasciculus atrioventricularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Bundle_of_His]
xref: FMA:9484
xref: GAID:559
xref: MA:0002576
xref: MESH:A07.541.409.273
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rUv1WcGPJEd2AAABQjYGu0g
xref: SCTID:362022007
xref: UMLS:C0006382
xref: galen:BundleOfHis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/ECG_Principle_fast.gif/200px-ECG_Principle_fast.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Atrioventricular_Bundle
is_a: UBERON:0004493  ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004146 ! His-Purkinje system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002354
name: purkinje fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "Conducting tissue of heart which consists of Purkinje myocytes.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Purkinje_fiber]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "myofibra conducens cardiacus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:9492
xref: GAID:560
xref: MA:0000096
xref: MESH:A07.541.409.683
xref: UMLS:C0034144
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray498.png/200px-Gray498.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Purkinje_Fiber
is_a: UBERON:0004493  ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium
is_a: UBERON:0010131  ! conducting tissue of heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002355
name: pelvis
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of abdomen, which is demarcated from the abdomen proper by the plane of the superior pelvic aperture, and from the perineum by the inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm; together with the abdomen proper, it constitutes the abdomen[FMA]." [FMA:9578, Wikipedia:Pelvis]
comment: Note that MA and FMA differ in what they consider to be parts of the pelvis. MA includes ureter, urethra, urinary bladder, reproductive organs
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lesser pelvis" EXACT [FMA:9578]
synonym: "pelvic region" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvis region" EXACT []
synonym: "true pelvis" EXACT [FMA:9578]
xref: BTO:0001006
xref: EFO:0002805
xref: EV:0100012
xref: FMA:9578
xref: GAID:87
xref: MA:0000030
xref: MESH:A01.673
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjiTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:229765004
xref: UMLS:C0030797
xref: galen:Pelvis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Gray242.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray242.png/200px-Gray242.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pelvis
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pelvic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002356
name: perineum
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the pelvis by the inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm and from the lower limbs by the perineofemoral lines; together with the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis, it constitutes the trunk[FMA]." [FMA:9579, Wikipedia:Perineum]
comment: AO Note: FMA has class anal part of perineum, which may be the same as what EHDAA2 calls perineum
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "perineal region" EXACT []
synonym: "regio perinealis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9579, FMA:TA]
xref: EFO:0004141
xref: EHDAA2:0004015
xref: EV:0100013
xref: FMA:9579
xref: GAID:90
xref: MA:0002466
xref: MESH:A01.719
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvcHSh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:243990009
xref: UMLS:C0031066
xref: galen:Perineum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gray406.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gray406.png/200px-Gray406.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Perineum
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012469 ! external anal region
property_value: has_relational_adjective "perianal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002357
name: serous pericardium
namespace: uberon
def: "Serous membrane which has as its parts the epicardium and parietal serous pericardium that surrounds pericardial cavity." [Wikipedia:Serous_pericardium]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pericardium serosum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Serous_pericardium]
synonym: "serous portion of pericardium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:9582
xref: MA:0002739
xref: SCTID:243954002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002406 ! pericardial sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002358
name: peritoneum
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom b it covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs b in higher vertebrates and some invertebrates (annelids, for instance). It is composed of a layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue. The peritoneum both supports the abdominal organs and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves[WP]. The smooth transparent serous membrane that lines the cavity of the abdomen of a mammal and is folded inward over the abdominal and pelvic viscera[BTO]. The endothelial lining of the ABDOMINAL CAVITY. The parietal peritoneum covers the inside of the ABDOMINAL WALL and the visceral peritoneum covers the bowel, the MESENTERY, and certain of the organs. The portion that covers the bowel becomes the serosal layer of the bowel wall[GAID]." [Wikipedia:Peritoneum, ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO - in ZFA is_a epithelium
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "peritonaeum" RELATED [VHOG:0001257]
xref: AAO:0010814
xref: BTO:0001472
xref: EV:0100087
xref: FMA:9584
xref: GAID:18
xref: MESH:A01.047.025.600
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvjJ72ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0005120
xref: UMLS:C0031153
xref: VHOG:0001257
xref: XAO:0000139
xref: ZFA:0005120
xref: galen:Peritoneum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray1040.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1040.png/200px-Gray1040.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Peritoneum
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: located_in UBERON:0003684 ! abdominal cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003697 ! abdominal wall
property_value: external_definition "An epithelium that lines the peritoneal cavity.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom. It covers most of the intra-abdominal organs, supports the abdominal organs, and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves. It is composed of a layer of mesothelium.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "peritoneal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002359
name: fibrous pericardium
namespace: uberon
def: "Membrane organ which is attached to the pericardial sac proper and the central tendon of diaphragm and is continuous with the pretracheal fascia.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Fibrous_pericardium]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fibrous portion of pericardium" EXACT []
synonym: "pericardium fibrosum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fibrous_pericardium]
xref: EMAPA:19029
xref: FMA:9586
xref: MA:0002738
xref: SCTID:243953008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png
is_a: UBERON:0000094  ! membrane organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002360
name: meninx
namespace: uberon
def: "Membrane organ that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord." [FMA:9589, Wikipedia:Meninx, http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap15.html]
comment: Editor note: consider separate term for meninges aka collection of meninges. Note in EHDAA2 pia mater etc are part of the meninges. Also consider a new class for primary/primitive meninx. AO notes: Not consider part of the CNS/neuraxis in FMA. Taxon notes: Whereas cyclostomes and fishes only have a single envelope called the primitive meninx, amphibians have two layers, consisting of an outer dura mater which is extremely dense and protective, and a pia-arachnoid or secondary meninx which is more delicate and vascular. Mammals have three meninges: pia mater (which follows all the convolutions of the brain and is the most interior), the arachnoid layer (which is delicate and sends strands to the pia mater), and the dura mater (the outer, more protective meninx).
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "layer of meninges" EXACT []
synonym: "meningeal layer" EXACT []
synonym: "meninx primitiva" NARROW [VHOG:0001295]
xref: BTO:0000144
xref: EFO:0000584
xref: EFO:0000867
xref: EV:0100312
xref: FMA:9589
xref: GAID:687
xref: MA:0001113
xref: MAT:0000113
xref: MESH:A08.186.566
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090204
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDOl8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0001355
xref: UMLS:C0025285
xref: VHOG:0001295
xref: ZFA:0001355
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Illu_meninges.jpg/200px-Illu_meninges.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Meninges
is_a: UBERON:0000094  ! membrane organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010743 ! meningeal cluster
property_value: external_definition "Membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. It is represented by a single layer in fishes, two in amphibians, reptiles and birds and three in mammals (named dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater). [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "meningeal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002363
name: dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "the outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The other two meningeal layers are the pia mater and the arachnoid mater. The dura surrounds the brain and the spinal cord and is responsible for keeping in the cerebrospinal fluid." [Wikipedia:Dura_mater]
comment: Function notes: capable of inducing chondrogenesis - requires contact with an epithelium - PMID:16496288. AO notes: in ncit this is divided into periosteal layer and meningeal layer
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dura" RELATED [BTO:0001637]
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT []
synonym: "pachymeninges" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090206]
xref: BTO:0001637
xref: EMAPA:17776
xref: EV:0100313
xref: FMA:9592
xref: GAID:691
xref: MA:0001115
xref: MESH:A08.186.566.395
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090206
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvmzqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362301008
xref: UMLS:C0013313
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Meninges-en.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Dura_Mater
is_a: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001773 ! sclera
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007647 ! ectomeninx
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010115 ! future dura mater
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002364
name: tympanic membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "A thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear, consisting of two epithelia (one part of the the external accoustic meatus epithelium, the other part of the tympanic cavity epithelium) with a fibrous layer between them. Its function is to transmit sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles. Rupture or perforation of the eardrum can lead to conductive hearing loss. [WP,unvetted]." [PMID:11237469, Wikipedia:Tympanic_membrane]
comment: most AOs consider this part of the middle ear, so we go with this and place it in the middle ear as a border to the external, although it could be considered to overlap the external ear in that it has an EAM layer as part - for this reason we do not consider middle and external ear to be spatially disjoint. Development notes: The tympanic membrane (TM) has three layers, two epithelia provided by the external acoustic meatus (EAM) and the MEC, derived respectively from the first pharyngeal cleft and pouch, and a mesenchymally derived fibrous stratum[PMID:11237469]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Rivinus' membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "ear drum" EXACT []
synonym: "eardrum" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral wall of tympanic cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "membranous wall of tympanic cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "myrinx" EXACT []
synonym: "paries membranaceus cavi tympani" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9595, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tympanum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tympanic_membrane]
xref: EV:0100358
xref: FMA:9595
xref: GAID:870
xref: MA:0000257
xref: MESH:A09.246.397.873
xref: SCTID:181180005
xref: UMLS:C0041445
xref: VHOG:0001146
xref: XAO:0000212
xref: ncithesaurus:Tympanic_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0000094  ! membrane organ
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009213 ! pharyngeal membrane of 1st arch
relationship: has_part UBERON:0005042 ! inner epithelial layer of tympanic membrane
relationship: has_part UBERON:0010069 ! outer epithelial layer of tympanic membrane
relationship: has_part UBERON:0010070 ! intermediate layer of tympanic membrane
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001691 ! external ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
property_value: external_definition "The thin membrane which closes externally the cavity of the middle ear and is deeply sited at the bottom of the external auditory meatus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In particular, a tympanic membrane was not present in the earliest tetrapods (...). An ear utilizing a tympanic membrane evolved independently at least three times in tetrapods: (1) in the lineage that leads to anurans (frogs), (2) in the line of evolution to turtles and diapsids, and (3) in the late synapsid lineage that gave rise to mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002365
name: exocrine gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that secretes products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) which lead directly into the external environment[WP]. Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas" [Wikipedia:Exocrine_gland]
comment: Editor's note: Currently this is logically defined by the system it belongs to, but a better system may be base this on presence/absence of ducts. However, the dual nature of the liver should be taken into consideration here. Consider adding subclasses
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ducted gland" EXACT [AEO:0000097]
synonym: "glandula exocrina" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Exocrine_gland]
xref: AEO:0000097
xref: BTO:0000765
xref: EHDAA2:0003097
xref: FMA:9596
xref: GAID:34
xref: MA:0002564
xref: MESH:A10.336
xref: UMLS:C0015282
xref: ncithesaurus:Exocrine_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000058 ! duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002368
name: endocrine gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct. The main endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus is a neuroendocrine organ. Other organs which are not so well known for their endocrine activity include the stomach, which produces such hormones as ghrelin[WP]." [Wikipedia:Endocrine_gland]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ductless gland" EXACT [AEO:0000098, Wikipedia:Ductless_gland]
synonym: "glandula endocrina" EXACT []
synonym: "glandulae endocrinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Endocrine_gland]
xref: AEO:0000098
xref: BTO:0001488
xref: EHDAA2:0003098
xref: FMA:9602
xref: GAID:335
xref: MA:0002563
xref: MESH:A06.407
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvbkiRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:40818001
xref: UMLS:C0014133
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Illu_endocrine_system.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Endocrine_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002369
name: adrenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Either of a pair of complex endocrine organs near the anterior medial border of the kidney consisting of a mesodermal cortex that produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgenic hormones and an ectodermal medulla that produces epinephrine and norepinephrine[BTO]." [BTO:0000047, Wikipedia:Adrenal_gland]
comment: Taxon notes: The origin of the adrenal gland is still controversial. It is thought to share the same origin as the kidney and gonads, derived from coelomic epithelium of the urogenital ridge and/or the underlying mesenchyme (Keegan and Hammer, 2002; Morohashi, 1997). We follow Kardong and state homology at the level of the cortex and medulla rather than gland as a whole
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "adrenal" RELATED [BTO:0000047]
synonym: "adrenal capsule" RELATED [BTO:0000047]
synonym: "adrenal medulla cell" RELATED []
synonym: "atrabiliary capsule" RELATED [BTO:0000047]
synonym: "epinephric gland" RELATED [Wikipedia:Adrenal_gland]
synonym: "epinephros" RELATED [BTO:0000047]
synonym: "glandula adrenalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Adrenal_gland]
synonym: "glandula suprarenalis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0000047, Wikipedia:Adrenal_gland]
synonym: "interrenal gland" RELATED HOMOLOGY [GO:0030325]
synonym: "suprarenal capsule" RELATED [BTO:0000047]
synonym: "suprarenal gland" RELATED [Wikipedia:Adrenal_gland]
xref: AAO:0010551
xref: BTO:0000047
xref: EFO:0000238
xref: EMAPA:18426
xref: EV:0100135
xref: FMA:9604
xref: GAID:446
xref: MA:0000116
xref: MAT:0000071
xref: MESH:A06.407.071
xref: MIAA:0000071
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXYiz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181127006
xref: UMLS:C0001625
xref: VHOG:0001141
xref: XAO:0000164
xref: galen:AdrenalGland
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Illu_endocrine_system_New.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Illu_endocrine_system.jpg/200px-Illu_endocrine_system.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0006858  ! adrenal/interrenal gland
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which is found on the surface of the kidney and secretes various hormones including epinephrine, norephinephrine, aldosterone, corticosterone, and cortisol.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues, but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002370
name: thymus
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions in cell-mediated immunity by being the site where T cells develop." [NLM:thymus, Wikipedia:Thymus]
comment: check - a subtype of gland? not in GO. NCIT has thymus and thymus gland. EHDAA2 has ductless gland.
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "thymus gland" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010548
xref: BTO:0001374
xref: EFO:0000860
xref: EHDAA2:0002017
xref: EHDAA:9119
xref: EMAPA:18768
xref: EV:0100138
xref: FMA:9607
xref: GAID:464
xref: MA:0000142
xref: MAT:0000080
xref: MESH:A06.407.850
xref: MIAA:0000080
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvpIympwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:118507000
xref: TAO:0001078
xref: UMLS:C0040113
xref: VHOG:0000253
xref: XAO:0000163
xref: ZFA:0001078
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Illu_thymus.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Illu_thymus.jpg/200px-Illu_thymus.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Thymus_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004177  ! hemopoietic organ
is_a: UBERON:0005057  ! immune organ
is_a: UBERON:0005058  ! hemolymphoid system gland
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005562 ! thymus primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009113 ! thymic region
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which originates as several paired thickenings on the dorsal side of the pharyngeal pouches and secretes thymosin.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "thymic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A thymus develops in all vertebrates from the endodermal epithelium of certain pharyngeal pouches and from the adjacent ectodermal epithelium. In fishes, all the pouches, or the first four, contribute to thymus formation, but in tetrapods, the number is more restricted. In mammals, only the third and fourth are involved, and the contribution of the third is by far the greater.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002371
name: bone marrow
namespace: uberon
def: "flexible tissue found in the hollow interior of bones. In adults, marrow in large bones produces new blood cells[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow]
comment: TODO - create superclass for bone marrow / head kidney. both are portions of tissue in the hematopoetic system. also consider adding as subclass of zone of bone organ for consistency with FMA. See also: Leydig and epigonal organs
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior kidney" RELATED []
synonym: "head kidney" BROAD []
synonym: "kidney marrow" RELATED []
synonym: "medulla of bone" RELATED [BTO:0000141]
synonym: "medulla ossea" EXACT []
synonym: "medulla ossium" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000141, Wikipedia:Bone_marrow]
xref: AAO:0011007
xref: BTO:0000141
xref: BTO:0000829
xref: EFO:0000868
xref: EV:0100046
xref: FMA:9608
xref: GAID:1287
xref: MA:0000134
xref: MAT:0000084
xref: MESH:A15.382.216
xref: MIAA:0000084
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVm-FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:421320006
xref: UMLS:C0005953
xref: VHOG:0001218
xref: XAO:0000123
xref: galen:BoneMarrow
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Gray72-en.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_Marrow
is_a: UBERON:0012429  ! hemopoietic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system
property_value: homology_notes "The bone marrow is the hematopoietic organ in all vertebrates but fishes, in which hematopoiesis occurs in the kidney.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002372
name: tonsil
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat." [Wikipedia:Tonsil]
comment: Usage notes: the term 'tonsil' can be ambiguous, sometimes refering specifically to the palatine tonsil, sometimes generically to include the cecal tonsils of avians. This class represents lymphoid tissue that is part of the tonsillar ring, in the mouth/throat region
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Mandel" RELATED [BTO:0001387]
xref: BTO:0001387
xref: EFO:0001401
xref: EV:0100052
xref: FMA:9609
xref: GAID:341
xref: MA:0000143
xref: MESH:A03.867.603.925
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVivrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0836921
xref: UMLS:C1519547
xref: UMLS:C1519548
xref: VHOG:0001139
xref: ncithesaurus:Tonsil
xref: ncithesaurus:Tonsilar_Tissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Tonsillar_Lymphoid_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001962  ! gut-associated lymphoid tissue
relationship: located_in UBERON:0000167 ! oral cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001735 ! tonsillar ring
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005351  ! paraflocculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002373
name: palatine tonsil
namespace: uberon
def: "tonsils on the left and right sides at the back of the throat. one of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), located at the entrance to the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts to protect the body from the entry of exogenous material through mucosal sites[WP]." [Wikipedia:Palatine_tonsil]
comment: Development notes: tonsillar fossa develops from dorsal portion of pouch 2. Note that pharyngeal and lingual tonsils do not develop from pharyngeal pouches[ISBN10:1607950324]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "faucial tonsil" EXACT []
synonym: "tonsil" BROAD []
synonym: "tonsilla palatina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatine_tonsil]
xref: BTO:0004714
xref: EFO:0001977
xref: EV:0100393
xref: FMA:9610
xref: MA:0000775
xref: MAT:0000291
xref: MIAA:0000291
xref: SCTID:265787001
xref: UMLS:C0040421
xref: VHOG:0001140
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Illu_mouth.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Illu_mouth.jpg/200px-Illu_mouth.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Palatine_Tonsil
is_a: UBERON:0002372  ! tonsil
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010023 ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002374
name: metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of the metacarpal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Metacarpal_bone]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "metacarpal" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0003886
xref: FMA:9612
xref: MA:0000302
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv1Bk45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181977005
xref: SCTID:425761003
xref: UMLS:C0025526
xref: galen:Metacarpal
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg/200px-Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003607  ! forelimb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0003821  ! metapodium bone
is_a: UBERON:0012358  ! manual digitopodium bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010544 ! metacarpus skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002375
name: cricoid cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The cricoid cartilage, or simply cricoid (from the Greek krikoeides meaning 'ring-shaped'), is the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cartilaginis cricoideae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage]
synonym: "cartilago cricoidea" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage]
synonym: "cartilago cricotrachealis" RELATED [AAO:0000675]
synonym: "cricoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage]
synonym: "cricoidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage]
synonym: "innominate cartilage" RELATED [VHOG:0001308]
synonym: "krykoid cartilage" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage]
xref: AAO:0000675
xref: EHDAA2:0000326
xref: EHDAA:9393
xref: EMAPA:18696
xref: FMA:9615
xref: GAID:110
xref: MA:0001762
xref: MESH:A02.165.507.211
xref: SCTID:263484006
xref: UMLS:C0010323
xref: VHOG:0001308
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Gray1194.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Gray1194.png/200px-Gray1194.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cricoid_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001739  ! laryngeal cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001994  ! hyaline cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003406  ! cartilage of respiratory system
is_a: UBERON:0003583  ! larynx connective tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010214 ! cricoid pre-cartilage condensation
property_value: external_definition "Cartilaginous ring that provides support for the arytenoid cartilages. Its ventral part is bent posteriorly to form a V.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The ringlike cartilage forming the caudal part of the larynx. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) (In mammals) Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002376
name: muscle of head
namespace: uberon
def: "Any muscle that is part of a head[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check ZFA
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "adult head muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cephalic muscle" EXACT [ZFA:0001652]
synonym: "cephalic musculature" EXACT []
synonym: "cranial muscle " RELATED [ZFA:0001652]
synonym: "head muscle" EXACT [MA:0000578]
synonym: "head muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head muscles" RELATED []
synonym: "muscle organ of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "musculus caput" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000107
xref: BTO:0000021
xref: EFO:0003524
xref: EHDAA2:0000322
xref: EMAPA:18171
xref: FMA:9616
xref: MA:0000578
xref: TAO:0000328
xref: ZFA:0000328
xref: ZFA:0001652
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010959  ! craniocervical muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004461 ! musculature of head
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002377
name: muscle of neck
namespace: uberon
def: "Muscle organ which is a part of the neck. Examples: platysma, sternocleidomastoid, cricothyroid muscle.[FMA]" [FMA:9617]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "muscle organ of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck (volume) muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "neck muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:9617
xref: GAID:149
xref: MA:0000587
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.650
xref: UMLS:C0027532
xref: ncithesaurus:Neck_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0010959  ! craniocervical muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002378
name: muscle of abdomen
namespace: uberon
def: "Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external oblique, rectus abdominis." [Wikipedia:Abdominal_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "abdomen muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "abdomen muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "abdominal wall muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle organ of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001261
xref: FMA:9620
xref: GAID:89
xref: MA:0000520
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.050
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlygNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361352008
xref: UMLS:C0000739
xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003833  ! abdominal segment muscle
is_a: UBERON:0005172  ! abdomen organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003697 ! abdominal wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002379
name: perineal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a perineum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "muscle of perineum" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle organ of perineal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "perineal region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "perineum muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:9623
xref: MA:0000538
xref: UMLS:C0224382
xref: ncithesaurus:Perineal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002380
name: trapezius
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the trapezius is a large superficial muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade). Its functions are to move the scapulae and support the arm. The trapezius has three functional regions: the superior region (descending part), which supports the weight of the arm; the intermediate region (transverse part), which retracts the scapulae; and the inferior region (ascending part), which medially rotates and depresses the scapulae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trapezius_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus trapezius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trapezius_muscle]
synonym: "trapezius muscle" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18183
xref: FMA:9626
xref: MA:0002398
xref: SCTID:181740005
xref: UMLS:C0224361
xref: VHOG:0000834
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Trapezius.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Trapezius.png/200px-Trapezius.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Trapezius_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001482  ! muscle of shoulder
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010955 ! trapezius pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001112 ! latissimus dorsi muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001125 ! serratus anterior
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002497 ! acromion
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0007173 ! lateral border of scapula
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000351 ! nuchal ligament
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001076 ! spinous process of vertebra
property_value: homology_notes "The sternomastoid and the three parts of the trapezius are branchiomeric muscles that have secondarily acquired an attachment to the pectoral girdle. They evolved from the fish cucullaris.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002381
name: pectoralis major
namespace: uberon
def: "The pectoralis major is a thick, fan-shaped muscle, situated at the upper front of the chest wall. It makes up the bulk of the chest muscles in the male and lies under the breast in the female. Underneath the pectoralis major is the pectoralis minor, a thin, triangular muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pectoralis_major_muscle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Musculus pectoralis major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectoralis_major_muscle]
synonym: "pectoralis major muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "pectoralis major muscle structure" EXACT [SCTID:60005003]
xref: EHDAA2:0001424
xref: EHDAA:8311
xref: EMAPA:18179
xref: FMA:9627
xref: MA:0002354
xref: SCTID:181624003
xref: SCTID:60005003
xref: UMLS:C0585574
xref: VHOG:0000895
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Pectoralis_major.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Pectoralis_major.png/200px-Pectoralis_major.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pectoralis_Major
is_a: UBERON:0001495  ! pectoral muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003726 ! thoracic nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002382
name: rectus abdominis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The rectus abdominis muscle is a paired muscle running vertically on each side of the anterior wall of the human abdomen (and in some other animals). There are two parallel muscles, separated by a midline band of connective tissue called the linea alba (white line). It extends from the pubic symphysis/pubic crest inferiorly to the xiphisternum/xiphoid process and lower costal cartilages (5b7) superiorly. It is contained in the Rectus sheath. The rectus is usually crossed by three fibrous bands licked by the tendinous inscriptions. While the 'sixpack' is by far the most common configuration of the muscle bellies of the rectus, there exist rare anatomic variations which result in the appearance of eight ('eightpack'), ten, orbeven rarerbasymmetrically arranged segments. All these variations are functionally equivalent. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Rectus_abdominis_muscle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "m. rectus abdominis" EXACT [AAO:0010789]
synonym: "musculus rectus abdominis" EXACT [AAO:0010789]
synonym: "rectus abdominis" EXACT [MA:0002364]
synonym: "six pack" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010789
xref: EHDAA2:0001595
xref: EHDAA:8252
xref: EMAPA:18164
xref: FMA:9628
xref: GAID:142
xref: MA:0002364
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.050.800
xref: SCTID:256672008
xref: UMLS:C0206066
xref: VHOG:0000863
xref: XAO:0004128
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Rectus_abdominis.png/200px-Rectus_abdominis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Rectus_Abdominis
is_a: UBERON:0002461  ! anterior abdominal wall muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 ! anterior abdominal wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008777 ! hypaxial musclulature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002383
name: supraspinatus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The supraspinatus is a relatively small muscle of the upper limb that takes its name from its origin from the supraspinous fossa superior to the spine of the scapula. It is one of the four rotator cuff muscles and also abducts the arm at the shoulder. The spine of the scapula separates the supraspinatus muscle from the infraspinatus muscle, which originates below the spine. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Supraspinatus_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus supraspinatus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Supraspinatus_muscle]
synonym: "supraspinatus" EXACT [MA:0002389]
xref: EHDAA2:0001967
xref: EHDAA:8319
xref: EMAPA:18182
xref: FMA:9629
xref: MA:0002389
xref: SCTID:181626001
xref: UMLS:C0584869
xref: VHOG:0000848
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png/200px-Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Supraspinatus
is_a: UBERON:0001482  ! muscle of shoulder
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011187 ! greater tubercle of humerus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006849 ! scapula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003683 ! rotator cuff

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002384
name: connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibres and ground substance." [VSAO:0000017]
comment: AO notes: MA also has set of connective tissues
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Bindegewebe" RELATED [BTO:0000421]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:9640]
synonym: "textus connectivus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000098
xref: BTO:0000421
xref: EFO:0000952
xref: FMA:9640
xref: GAID:100
xref: MA:0000011
xref: MAT:0000301
xref: MESH:A10.165
xref: MIAA:0000301
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-aBgZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361919005
xref: TAO:0001641
xref: UMLS:C0009780
xref: VSAO:0000017
xref: XAO:0001017
xref: ZFA:0001632
xref: galen:ConnectiveTissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
property_value: external_definition "One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. It is largely a category of exclusion rather than one with a precise definition, but there are certain characteristics shared by all or most tissues in this category, such as involvement in structure and support, derived from mesoderm, and characterized largely by the traits of non-living tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that consists of mesodermally derived cells and intercellular matrix comprised of protein fibers and carbohydrates, which supports, ensheathes and binds together other tissues.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002385
name: muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers[GO]." [GO:0060537, Wikipedia:Muscle_tissue, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=2801266&group_id=36855&atid=440764]
comment: Vertebrate muscle is categorized into three major muscle types defined by their structural and functional properties: skeletal, cardiac and smooth. In Dmel the counterparts are somatic, heart/cardiac and visceral. Here we take a cell type based approach.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "muscular tissue" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "portion of muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9641]
synonym: "textus muscularis" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000306
xref: AEO:0000122
xref: EHDAA2:0003122
xref: FMA:9641
xref: MA:0002437
xref: MESH:A02.633
xref: SCTID:91727004
xref: UMLS:C2328219
xref: galen:MuscleTissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001015 ! musculature
disjoint_from: UBERON:0003714  ! neural tissue
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003714
property_value: external_definition "One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Tissue that contains cells with contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. Muscle tissue also is separated into three distinct categories.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002386
name: forelimb zeugopod
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle limb segment of the pectoral free limb, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the forelimb zeugopodial skeleton, which includes as parts the radius and ulna, or their cartilage precursors, or evolutionary variants." [PHENOSCAPE:curators, Wikipedia:Forearm]
comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "antebrachial region" EXACT []
synonym: "antebrachium" EXACT LATIN [VSAO:0005058, Wikipedia:Forearm]
synonym: "antibrachium" EXACT []
synonym: "arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore epipodium" RELATED []
synonym: "forearm" EXACT []
synonym: "forelimb epipodium" EXACT []
synonym: "forelimb zeugopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "forelimb zygopod" EXACT []
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT []
synonym: "lower arm" EXACT []
synonym: "lower segment of arm" EXACT []
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of forelimb" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "regio antebrachialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9663, FMA:TA]
synonym: "wing zeugopod" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm" EXACT []
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of forelimb" EXACT []
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001447
xref: CALOHA:TS-2205
xref: EFO:0003053
xref: EHDAA2:0000553
xref: EHDAA:4172
xref: EHDAA:6218
xref: EMAPA:17417
xref: FMA:9663
xref: GAID:55
xref: MA:0000034
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.585
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjnmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362741001
xref: UMLS:C0016536
xref: VHOG:0000341
xref: VSAO:0005058
xref: galen:Forearm
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Veins.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Forearm_labeled.png/200px-Forearm_labeled.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Forearm
is_a: UBERON:0002471  ! zeugopod
is_a: UBERON:0008785  ! upper limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002471  ! zeugopod
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
property_value: external_definition "The middle forelimb region. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_Boston_etc.:_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.321, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002387
name: pes
namespace: uberon
def: "distal portion of the hind limb, including tarsal region, metatarsal region and digits." [Wikipedia:Foot, Wikipedia:Pes_(anatomy)]
comment: Editors note: consider renaming using less human-centric terminology
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "foot" EXACT [MA:0000044]
synonym: "hind foot" NARROW []
synonym: "hind limb autopodium" RELATED [VHOG:0000350]
synonym: "hind paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:17428, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind-paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:17428]
synonym: "hindfoot" NARROW []
synonym: "hindfoot of quadruped" NARROW []
synonym: "hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb autopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pes" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000476
xref: EFO:0003065
xref: EHDAA2:0000546
xref: EMAPA:17459
xref: FMA:9664
xref: GAID:40
xref: MA:0000044
xref: MESH:A01.378.610.250
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi-k5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302545001
xref: UMLS:C0016504
xref: VHOG:0000350
xref: galen:Foot
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Male_Right_Foot_1.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Male_Right_Foot_1.jpg/200px-Male_Right_Foot_1.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot
is_a: UBERON:0002470  ! autopod region
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006871 ! footplate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002470  ! autopod region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pedal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002389
name: manual digit
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0000028
def: "A digit that is part of a manus (hand)." [Wikipedia:Finger]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:9666]
synonym: "digit of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "digitus manus" EXACT []
synonym: "finger" EXACT [FMA:9666]
synonym: "fore digit" EXACT [AAO:0000857, XAO:0003036]
synonym: "forelimb digit" EXACT []
synonym: "hand digit" EXACT [MA:0000041]
xref: AAO:0000857
xref: BTO:0004669
xref: EHDAA2:0000404
xref: FMA:9666
xref: GAID:57
xref: MA:0000041
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.667.430
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090602
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi_f5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:283992002
xref: UMLS:C0016129
xref: XAO:0003036
xref: galen:Finger
xref: ncithesaurus:Finger
is_a: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
is_a: UBERON:0008785  ! upper limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012141 ! manual digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
property_value: external_definition "One of the fingers of the manus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002390
name: hematopoietic system
namespace: uberon
def: "The tissues concerned in production of the blood, including the bone marrow, liver, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus[BTO]. Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues. The bodily system of organs and tissues, primarily the bone marrow, spleen, tonsils, and lymph nodes, involved in the production of blood[FD]." [BTO:0000570, OMD:haematological, Wikipedia:Hematopoietic_system, http://www.thefreedictionary.com/hematopoietic+system]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Blutbildungssystem" RELATED [BTO:0000570]
synonym: "haematological system" EXACT []
synonym: "haematopoietic system" RELATED []
synonym: "haemopoietic system" EXACT []
synonym: "hematological system" RELATED []
synonym: "hematolymphoid system" RELATED []
synonym: "hemopoietic system" RELATED []
synonym: "organa haemopoietica" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011002
xref: BTO:0000570
xref: EFO:0000798
xref: EV:0100045
xref: FMA:9667
xref: GAID:1008
xref: MA:0002434
xref: MAT:0000022
xref: MESH:A15.378
xref: MIAA:0000022
xref: SCTID:362587009
xref: TAO:0005023
xref: UMLS:C0018957
xref: VHOG:0001624
xref: XAO:0000122
xref: ZFA:0005023
xref: ncithesaurus:Hematopoietic_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003061 ! blood island
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405  ! immune system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "hematopoietic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Zebrafish developmental hematopoiesis shows close correspondence to the development of the mammalian hematopoietic system and is regulated by conserved molecular pathways.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002391
name: lymph
namespace: uberon
def: "Transudate contained in the lumen of lymphatic vessel[FMA]. Lymph is the fluid that is formed when interstitial fluid enters the conduits of the lymphatic system[WP]." [FMA:9671, Wikipedia:Lymph]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lympha" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lymph]
xref: BTO:0000855
xref: EFO:0000871
xref: ENVO:02000041
xref: EV:0100049
xref: FMA:9671
xref: GAID:1186
xref: MA:0002520
xref: MAT:0000055
xref: MESH:A12.207.630
xref: MIAA:0000055
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvpDOU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0024202
xref: VHOG:0001590
xref: ZFA:0005658
xref: galen:Lymph
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Illu_lymph_capillary.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph
is_a: UBERON:0000179  ! haemolymphatic fluid
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000913 ! interstitial fluid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002392
name: nasolacrimal duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The nasolacrimal duct (sometimes called tear duct) carries tears from the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity. Excess tears flow through nasolacrimal duct which opens in the nose. This is the reason the nose starts to run when a person is crying or has watery eyes from an allergy, and why one can sometimes taste eye drops. Like the lacrimal sac, the duct is lined by stratified columnar epithelium containing mucus-secreting goblet cells, and is surrounded by connective tissue. Obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct leads to the excess overflow of tears called epiphora. A congenital obstruction can cause cystic expansion of the duct and is called a dacrocystocele or Timo cyst. Persons with dry eye conditions can be fitted with punctal plugs that seal the ducts to limit the amount of fluid drainage and retain moisture. The canal containing the nasolacrimal duct is called the nasolacrimal canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nasolacrimal_duct]
comment: todo - resolve canaliculus vs tear duct vs lacrimal vs nasolacrimal
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "d. nasolacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasolacrimal_duct]
synonym: "nasolacrimal duct - posterior naris" BROAD [VHOG:0000664]
xref: AAO:0000643
xref: EHDAA2:0001237
xref: EHDAA:7849
xref: EHDAA:9094
xref: EMAPA:17853
xref: FMA:9703
xref: GAID:902
xref: MA:0001299
xref: MESH:A09.371.463.640
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6PJy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:280643009
xref: UMLS:C0027437
xref: VHOG:0000664
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray896.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gray896.png/200px-Gray896.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasolacrimal_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006266 ! nasolacrimal groove
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001850 ! lacrimal duct
property_value: homology_notes "The nasolacrimal duct is probably homologous to the posterior (excurrent) naris of actinopterygian fishes.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002393
name: pharyngotympanic tube
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ with organ cavity which connects the cavity of the middle ear to the cavity of the pharynx. Examples: There are only two pharyngotympanic tubes, the right and the left pharyngotympanic tubes.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Eustachian_tube]
comment: Editor notes: we follow FMA in making this an organ, but include a separate class for the part that is epithelium, which is equivalent to the EHDAA2 structure. From this we infer the developmental relationship
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "auditory tube" EXACT [MA:0000255]
synonym: "eustachian tube" RELATED []
synonym: "internal auditory tube" EXACT []
synonym: "tuba auditiva" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9705, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tuba auditiva; tuba auditoria; tuba auditivea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Eustachian_tube]
synonym: "tuba auditoria" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9705, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tuba pharyngotympanica" RELATED LATIN []
xref: AAO:0000146
xref: AAO:0011016
xref: EMAPA:17601
xref: EV:0100359
xref: FMA:9705
xref: GAID:869
xref: MA:0000255
xref: UMLS:C0015183
xref: VHOG:0001145
xref: XAO:0000213
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Ear-anatomy-text-small-en.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Eustachian_Tube
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010020 ! tubotympanic recess epithelium
relationship: has_part UBERON:0010062 ! pharyngotympanic tube epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Furrow on the ventral surface of the otic capsule, and occasionally also the parasphenoid, that houses the Eustachian tube.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The narrow channel connecting the nasopharynx and the middle ear. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The tympanic cavity and auditory tube of an amniote develop from the first embryonic pharyngeal pouch, so they are homologous to the first gill pouch, or spiracle, of a fish. We are uncertain whether this homology strictly applies to the middle ear cavity and auditory tube of lissamphibians, which show certain peculiarities in their development.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002394
name: bile duct
namespace: uberon
def: "Duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine." [Wikipedia:Bile_duct, ZFA:0001100]
comment: The path is as follows: Bile canaliculi b Canals of Hering b interlobular bile ducts b intrahepatic bile ducts b left and right hepatic ducts merge to form b common hepatic duct exits liver and joins b cystic duct (from gall bladder) forming b common bile duct b joins with pancreatic duct b forming ampulla of Vater b enters duodenum [WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "biliary duct" RELATED [FMA:9706]
synonym: "gall duct" RELATED [BTO:0000122]
synonym: "hepatic duct" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011019
xref: BTO:0000122
xref: EHDAA2:0000741
xref: EV:0100091
xref: FMA:9706
xref: GAID:280
xref: MA:0000354
xref: MESH:A03.159.183
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdCds5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:276157007
xref: UMLS:C0005400
xref: VHOG:0000212
xref: XAO:0000134
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png/200px-Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bile_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0003928  ! digestive system duct
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008835 ! hepatic diverticulum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile
property_value: external_definition "Any of the excretory ducts in the liver that convey bile between the liver and the intestine. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the amphibian liver has characteristics in common with both fish and terrestrial vertebrates. (...) The histological structure of the liver is similar to that in other vertebrates, with hepatocytes arranged in clusters and cords separated by a meshwork of sinusoids and the presence of the traditional triad of portal venule, hepatic arteriole, and bile duct.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002395
name: talus
namespace: uberon
def: "proximal tarsal bone resulting from fusion of intermedium and fibulare." [Wikipedia:Talus_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: The talus is apparently derived from the fusion of three separate bones in the feet of primitive amphibians; the tibiale, articulating with tibia, the intermedium, between the bases of the tibia and fibula, and the fourth centrale, lying in the mid-part of the tarsus. These bones are still partially separate in modern amphibians, which therefore do not have a true talus. The talus forms a considerably more flexible joint in mammals than it does in reptiles. This reaches its greatest extent in artiodactyls, where the distal surface of the bone has a smooth keel to allow greater freedom of movement of the foot, and thus increase running speed[WP]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Os trigonum, Astralagus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Talus_bone]
synonym: "astragaloid bone" RELATED [BTO:0002354]
synonym: "astragalus" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584, MA:000135, Wikipedia:Talus_bone]
synonym: "astragalus bone" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Talus_bone]
synonym: "os tarsi tibiale" RELATED [BTO:0002354]
synonym: "os trigonum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Talus_bone]
xref: BTO:0002354
xref: EMAPA:18503
xref: EMAPA:19135
xref: FMA:9708
xref: GAID:196
xref: MA:0001351
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.300.710.780
xref: SCTID:182098005
xref: UMLS:C0039277
xref: galen:Talus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG/250px-Subtalar_Joint.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Talus
is_a: UBERON:0011679  ! proximal tarsal bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0011678 ! hindlimb intermedium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002396
name: vomer
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Vomer]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "prevomer" RELATED [TAO:0000308]
synonym: "vomer bone" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000633
xref: FMA:9710
xref: MA:0001496
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6jKWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:272678009
xref: TAO:0000308
xref: UMLS:C0242403
xref: ZFA:0000308
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg/200px-Illu_facial_bones.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Vomer
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
is_a: UBERON:0012071  ! palate bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps autopalatine-vomer joint (TAO:0001784)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps mesethmoid-vomer joint (TAO:0001680)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "The vomer is paired in some taxa (e.g., Amia) while unpaired in others (e.g., teleosts).[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that underlies the mesethmoid and inserts in a fossa on the anteroventral surface of the parasphenoid.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired, palatal bones of intramembranous origin that lie ventral to the olfactory region and help to floor the nasal capsules.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In bony fish, the vomers are flattened, paired, bones forming the anterior part of the roof of the mouth, just behind the premaxillary bones. In many species, they have teeth, supplementing those in the jaw proper; in some extinct species the teeth on the vomers were actually larger than the primary set. In amphibians and reptiles, the vomers become narrower, due to the presence of the enlarged choanae (the inner part of the nostrils) on either side, and they may extend further back in the jaw. They are typically small in birds, where they form the upper hind part of the beak, again being located between the choanae. In mammals, the vomers have become narrower still, and are fused into a single, vertically oriented bone. The development of the hard palate beneath the vomer means that the bone is now located in a nasal chamber, separate from the mouth[WP]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002397
name: maxilla
namespace: uberon
def: "The bone which normally forms the lateral upper jaw in osteichthyans, including tetrapods." [Wikipedia:Maxilla, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryM.html]
comment: Fusion of maxilla + premaxilla
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "maxillae" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "maxillary bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Maxilla]
synonym: "upper jaw bone" BROAD []
xref: AAO:0000285
xref: EHDAA2:0001068
xref: EHDAA:8043
xref: EMAPA:17639
xref: EMAPA:17928
xref: FMA:9711
xref: GAID:220
xref: MA:0001491
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.502.645
xref: SCTID:181813003
xref: TAO:0000270
xref: UMLS:C0024947
xref: VHOG:0001021
xref: VSAO:0000207
xref: ZFA:0000270
xref: galen:Maxilla
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Gray189.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gray189.png/200px-Gray189.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Maxilla
is_a: UBERON:0008193  ! pneumatized bone
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
is_a: UBERON:0011597  ! bone of upper jaw
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002244 ! premaxilla
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010334 ! maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps autopalatine-maxillary joint (TAO:0001942)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps premaxillary-maxillary joint (TAO:0002260)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "In some teleosts, the maxilla is located postero-ventral to the supramaxilla. Commonly, the articular process of the maxilla articulates with the autopalatine and ethmoidal region antero-medially. The maxilla is usually the largest bone in the upper jaw assemblage.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms part of the upper jaw, located antero-ventral to the premaxilla. The maxilla is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired, intramembranous bone located on the lateral sides of the skull, posterior to the premaxillae.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "maxillary" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002398
name: manus
namespace: uberon
def: "distal segment of the fore limb, including carpal region, metacarpal region and digits." [Wikipedia:Hand, Wikipedia:Manus_(anatomy)]
comment: Usage notes: like all limb segments, this class encompasses both the unformed hand region of the embryo to the fully formed structure complete with skeleton
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fore foot" NARROW INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "fore paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:17428, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore-paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:17428]
synonym: "forefoot" NARROW INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "forefoot of quadruped" NARROW []
synonym: "forelimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb autopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand" EXACT [MA:0000037]
synonym: "hand region" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000728]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010803
xref: BTO:0004668
xref: EHDAA2:0000728
xref: EMAPA:17428
xref: FMA:9712
xref: GAID:56
xref: MA:0000037
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.667
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090603
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViGVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302539009
xref: UMLS:C0018563
xref: VHOG:0000344
xref: galen:Hand
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/LeftHand0.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand
is_a: UBERON:0002470  ! autopod region
is_a: UBERON:0008785  ! upper limb segment
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006875 ! handplate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002470  ! autopod region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
property_value: has_relational_adjective "manual" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002399
name: lesser omentum
namespace: uberon
def: "The double layer of peritoneum that extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the start of the duodenum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lesser_omentum]
comment: editor note: exact part of and develops from relationships need to be established
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gastrohepatic omentum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lesser_omentum]
synonym: "omentum minus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lesser_omentum]
synonym: "small omentum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lesser_omentum]
xref: EHDAA2:0000991
xref: EHDAA:4858
xref: EMAPA:17890
xref: EMAPA:18909
xref: EV:0100086
xref: FMA:9715
xref: MA:0001623
xref: SCTID:362712005
xref: UMLS:C0230260
xref: VHOG:0000357
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray984.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gray984.png/200px-Gray984.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Omentum
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003688  ! omentum
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005626 ! ventral mesogastrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001178 ! visceral peritoneum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005626 ! ventral mesogastrium
property_value: external_definition "A membranous extension of the peritoneum from the peritoneal layers covering the ventral and the dorsal surfaces of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum. The lesser omentum extends from the portal fissure of the liver to the diaphragm, where the layers separate to enclose the end of the esophagus. It also forms two ligaments, one associated with the liver, the hepatogastric ligament, and the other, the heptatoduodenal ligament, with the duodenum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002402
name: pleural cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "Cavity of serous sac surropunded by the pleura.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pleural_cavity]
comment: Note the EHDAA2 class is not quite equivalent. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/86
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cavitas pleurallis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pleural_cavity]
xref: BTO:0004422
xref: EHDAA2:0001475
xref: EMAPA:18462
xref: FMA:9740
xref: GAID:95
xref: MA:0000055
xref: MESH:A01.911.800.650
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCKAppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361999006
xref: UMLS:C0178802
xref: VHOG:0000581
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Gray965.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Gray965.png/200px-Gray965.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pleural_Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0002323  ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003887 ! intraembryonic coelom
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009778 ! pleural sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0002323  ! coelemic cavity lumen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009778 ! pleural sac
property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002403
name: internal intercostal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Intercostal muscles are several groups of muscles that run between the ribs, and help form and move the chest wall. There are three principal layers; the external intercostal muscles, which aid in quiet and forced inhalation. They originate on ribs 1-11 and have their insertion on ribs 2-12. The external intercostals are responsible for the elevation of the ribs, and expanding the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. Located around the ribs the internal intercostal muscles, which aid in forced expiration (quiet expiration is a passive process). They originate on ribs 2-12 and have their insertions on ribs 1-11. The internal intercostals are responsible for the depression of the ribs decreasing the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. the innermost intercostal muscle, the deep layers of the internal intercostal muscles which are separated from them by the neurovascular bundle. Both the external and internal muscles are innervated by the intercostal nerves, and are provided by the intercostal arteries and intercostal veins. Their fibers run in opposite directions. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intercostal_muscle]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intercostal muscle internal layer" RELATED []
synonym: "intercostales internus" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000875
xref: FMA:9757
xref: MA:0002326
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlj6HZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244890001
xref: UMLS:C1744536
xref: VHOG:0000905
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Gray411.png/200px-Gray411.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Intercostal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001111  ! intercostal muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010981 ! internal intercostal pre-muscle mass
property_value: homology_notes "Behind the thorax, the lateral group (of muscles in reptiles and mammals) remains essentially as for amphibians. (It breaks into three sheet-like layers: external oblique muscle, the internal oblique, and the transversus). More anteriorly, however, the ribs, now enlarged, penetrate and alter this group of muscles. The transversus is excluded from the thorax and the external and internal obliques become, respectively, the external and internal intercostal muscles, which contribute to the new function of ventilation of the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002404
name: transversus thoracis
namespace: uberon
def: "The tranversus thoracis lies internal to the thoracic cage, anteriorly. It is a thin plane of muscular and tendinous fibers, situated upon the inner surface of the front wall of the chest. It is in the same layer as the subcostal muscles. It arises on either side from the lower third of the posterior surface of the body of the sternum, from the posterior surface of the xiphoid process, and from the sternal ends of the costal cartilages of the lower three or four true ribs. Its fibers diverge upward and lateralward, to be inserted by slips into the lower borders and inner surfaces of the costal cartilages of the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth ribs. The lowest fibers of this muscle are horizontal in their direction, and are continuous with those of the Transversus abdominis; the intermediate fibers are oblique, while the highest are almost vertical. This muscle varies in its attachments, not only in different subjects, but on opposite sides of the same subject. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transversus_thoracis]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EMAPA:19267
xref: FMA:9760
xref: MA:0002397
xref: SCTID:244933000
xref: UMLS:C1744608
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Transversus_thoracis.png/200px-Transversus_thoracis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Transversus_Thoracis
is_a: UBERON:0002426  ! chest muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002405
name: immune system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies." [NLM:immune+system, Wikipedia:Immune_system]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0011003
xref: BILA:0000104
xref: FMA:9825
xref: GAID:328
xref: MA:0002711
xref: MESH:A15.382
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWNkm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362590003
xref: TAO:0001159
xref: UMLS:C0020962
xref: VHOG:0001247
xref: XAO:0003152
xref: ZFA:0001159
xref: ncithesaurus:Immune_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416  ! integumental system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: homology_notes "The antibody-based immune system defined by the presence of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), T cell receptor (TCR), B cell receptor (BCR) or recombination activating genes (RAGs) is known beginning from jawed fishes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002406
name: pericardial sac
namespace: uberon
def: "Serous sac, which has as parts the serous pericardium and the pericardial cavity [FMA]." [FMA:9868]
comment: We follow FMA in dividing pericardial sac in pericardium and pericardial cavity
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "pericardium" RELATED []
xref: FMA:9868
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001443
xref: SCTID:361326002
xref: TAO:0000054
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Gray489.png/200px-Gray489.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005906  ! serous sac
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001074 ! pericardial cavity
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002359 ! fibrous pericardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005906  ! serous sac
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001074 ! pericardial cavity
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002407
name: pericardium
namespace: uberon
def: "The outer membrane/wall of the developing heart, surrounding the myocardium. " [Wikipedia:Pericardium]
comment: We follow FMA in dividing pericardial sac in pericardium and pericardial cavity
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0010817
xref: BTO:0000717
xref: EFO:0000820
xref: EHDAA:5376
xref: EMAPA:17174
xref: EV:0100023
xref: FMA:9869
xref: GAID:569
xref: MA:0000099
xref: MAT:0000454
xref: MESH:A07.541.795
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvoCLgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001443
xref: SCTID:181295003
xref: TAO:0000054
xref: UMLS:C0031050
xref: VHOG:0001280
xref: XAO:0004182
xref: ZFA:0000054
xref: galen:Pericardium
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Gray489.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Gray489.png/200px-Gray489.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pericardium
is_a: UBERON:0004457  ! cavity lining
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer
is_a: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002359 ! fibrous pericardium
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002406 ! pericardial sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium
property_value: external_definition "Peritoneum that surrounds the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pericardial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002408
name: parietal serous pericardium
namespace: uberon
def: "Parietal serous membrane which is continuous with the visceral serous pericardium and is attached to the central tendon of diaphragm.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Parietal_pericardium]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lamina parietalis (pericardii serosum)" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina parietalis pericardii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9870, FMA:TA]
synonym: "parietal layer of serous pericardium" EXACT []
synonym: "parietal pericardium" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA:3422
xref: EHDAA:5378
xref: EMAPA:17175
xref: EMAPA:19031
xref: FMA:9870
xref: MA:0000483
xref: SCTID:243956000
xref: UMLS:C0225969
xref: VHOG:0000537
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Gray489.png/200px-Gray489.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Parietal_Pericardium
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002409
name: pericardial fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Transudate contained in the pericardial cavity.[FMA]" [FMA:9887, Wikipedia:Pericardial_fluid]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0001016
xref: FMA:9887
xref: MA:0002530
is_a: UBERON:0007794  ! serous fluid
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002425 ! visceral serous pericardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0002425 ! visceral serous pericardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002410
name: autonomic nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "The autonomic nervous system is composed of neurons that are not under conscious control, and is comprised of two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g. of the gut), and glands[GO]." [Wikipedia:Autonomic_nervous_system]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ANS" RELATED []
synonym: "divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Autonomic_nervous_system]
synonym: "visceral nervous system" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000033
xref: BTO:0002507
xref: EHDA:10095
xref: EHDAA:3767
xref: EMAPA:16984
xref: FMA:9905
xref: GAID:706
xref: MA:0000219
xref: MESH:A08.800.050
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1123
xref: SCTID:362481007
xref: TAO:0001574
xref: UMLS:C0004388
xref: VHOG:0000396
xref: ZFA:0001574
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Autonomic_Nervous_System
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011216  ! organ system subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Nervous system including a portion of the central and peripheral systems and presiding over the control and coordination of the vegetative functions of the organism. It innervates smooth and cardiac muscles and glandular tissues and is responsible for many actions which are more or less automatic (e.g. secretion, vasoconstriction etc.). It consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the peripheral nervous system which regulates involuntary functions of the body and consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a morphotype of the brain in the earliest craniate stock can be constructed. In marked contrast to cephalochordates, the ancestral craniate morphotype had a plethora of unique features, which included a telencephalon with pallial and subpallial parts, paired olfactory bulbs with substantial projections to most or all of the telencephalic pallium, paired lateral eyes and ears, a lateral line system for both electroreception and mechanoreception, spinal cord dorsal root ganglia, and an autonomic nervous system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002412
name: vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "Irregular bone that articulates with other vertebrae, or with one other vertebra and the skull or the sacrum[FMA]. All serially repeated ossified, cartilaginous, and ligamentous elements around the notochord (Schultze and Arratia, 1988)[ZFA]." [FMA:9914, Wikipedia:Vertebra, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Editor notes: Consider changing name to make distinction from inferred superclass 'vertebral element' clear // note we follow FMA in making this an irregular bone - however vertebra have epiphyses which are currently classified as belonging to long bones
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "vertebra bone" EXACT []
synonym: "vertebrae" EXACT PLURAL [PHENOSCAPE:ad]
xref: AAO:0000691
xref: CALOHA:TS-2352
xref: EFO:0001371
xref: FMA:9914
xref: MA:0000309
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvt2Dh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181817002
xref: TAO:0001189
xref: UMLS:C0549207
xref: VHOG:0001143
xref: XAO:0004019
xref: ZFA:0001189
xref: galen:Vertebra
xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
is_a: UBERON:0010913  ! vertebral element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011094 ! vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Main component of the vertebral column. It consists of two essential parts, a dorsal neural arch and a ventral centrum.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In contrast to lampreys and jawed vertebrates, hagfishes were thought to lack vertebrae. Now, long overlooked vertebral rudiments have been analysed in hagfish, suggesting that vertebrae existed in the last common ancestor of all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002413
name: cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A vertebra immediately inferior to the skull[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_vertebrae]
comment: In some species, some parts of the skull may be composed of vertebra-like elements, e.g. the occipital bone in humans is composed of four vertebra-like segments. In many vertebrate species, cervical vertebrae are variable in number; however, almost all mammals have seven (including those with very short necks relative to body size, such as elephants or whales, and those with very long necks, such as giraffes). The few exceptions include the manatee and the sloths, of which the two-toed sloth has six cervical vertebrae and the three-toed sloth has up to nine cervical vertebrae. In many species, though not in mammals, the cervical vertebrae bear ribs. In many other groups, such as lizards and saurischian dinosaurs, the cervical ribs are large; in birds they are small and completely fused to the vertebrae. The transverse processes of mammals are homologous to the cervical ribs of other amniotes. Thoracic vertebrae in all species are defined as those vertebrae which also carry a pair of ribs, and lie caudal to the cervical vertebrae. n humans, cervical vertebrae are the smallest of the true vertebrae, and can be readily distinguished from those of the thoracic or lumbar regions by the presence of a foramen (hole) in each transverse process, through which passes the vertebral artery.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cervical vertebrae" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "vertebrae cervicales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cervical_vertebrae]
xref: EMAPA:17674
xref: FMA:9915
xref: GAID:235
xref: MA:0000311
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834.151
xref: SCTID:181820005
xref: XAO:0003076
xref: galen:CervicalVertebra
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Illu_vertebral_column.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Illu_vertebral_column.jpg/200px-Illu_vertebral_column.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0003458  ! neck bone
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
is_a: UBERON:0004451  ! trunk or cervical vertebra
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013505 ! cervical vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002414
name: lumbar vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "Large vertebra of the movable part of the vertebral column, characterized by the absence of the foramen transversarium within the transverse process, and by the absence of facets on the sides of the body." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_vertebrae]
comment: Whereas all rats had six lumbar vertebrae, variable patterns in mice included mostly five vertebrae in DBA/2J, mostly six vertebrae in C57BL/6J, and a mix in B6129PF2/J - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700063/
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: EMAPA:18007
xref: FMA:9921
xref: GAID:240
xref: MA:0000312
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834.519
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvaOek5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181822002
xref: UMLS:C0024091
xref: galen:LumbarVertebra
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gray93.png/200px-Gray93.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0003828  ! abdominal segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013509 ! lumbar vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002415
name: tail
namespace: uberon
def: "section at the rear end of an animal's body; in general, the term refers to a distinct, flexible appendage to the torso[WP]." [ISBN:0471209627, OMD:tail, Wikipedia:Tail, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Editor notes: Note we also have a subclass post-anal tail, for the chordate specific structure. currently defined very generally, inclusive of caudal fin
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "caudal subdivision" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: AEO:0000109
xref: BILA:0000117
xref: BTO:0001348
xref: EFO:0000963
xref: EHDAA:9198
xref: GAID:1245
xref: MAT:0000094
xref: MESH:A13.895
xref: MIAA:0000094
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjiC5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: WBbt:0005741
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002416
name: integumental system
namespace: uberon
def: "organ system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its adnexa (including hair, scales, and nails). The integumentary system has a variety of functions; it may serve to waterproof, cushion and protect the deeper tissues, excrete wastes, regulate temperature and is the location of receptors for pain, sensation, pressure and temperature. In humans the integumentary system additionally provides vitamin D synthesis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Integumentary_system]
comment: in FMA, integumentary system = integument + certain glands. Note that here we use integumental system in a general sense, covering a variety of metazoans
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "dermal system" RELATED [MIAA:0000033]
synonym: "integumentary system" EXACT [FMA:72979]
synonym: "integumentum commune" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Integumentary_system]
xref: EFO:0000807
xref: EHDAA2:0000836
xref: EHDAA:6520
xref: EMAPA:17524
xref: EV:0100151
xref: FBbt:00004969
xref: FMA:72979
xref: HAO:0000421
xref: MA:0000014
xref: MAT:0000033
xref: MESH:A17
xref: MIAA:0000033
xref: SCTID:361692004
xref: TADS:0000108
xref: UMLS:C0037267
xref: VHOG:0000403
xref: XAO:0000176
xref: ncithesaurus:Integumentary_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423  ! hepatobiliary system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the integument of many tetrapods is reinforced by a morphologically and structurally diverse assemblage of skeletal elements. These elements are widely understood to be derivatives of the once all-encompassing dermal skeleton of stem-gnathostomes (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002417
name: abdominal segment of trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "the abdominal segment of the torso." [Wikipedia:Lumbar]
synonym: "abdomen/pelvis/perineum" RELATED [MA:0000021]
synonym: "lower body" RELATED [MA:0000021]
synonym: "lumbar region" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:259211
xref: MA:0000021
xref: SCTID:362875007
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0011676  ! axial subdivision of organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002418
name: cartilage tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000040, Wikipedia:Cartilage, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&amp;atid=2257941&amp;aid=3396584&amp;group_id=76834]
comment: Previous: \"A portion of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate[GO]. Regular connective tissue, which consists of chondrocytes and related cells, the intercellular matrix of which is chondrified. Examples: hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage[FMA]. an avascular supporting and articular skeletal tissue. It also functions as the primary endoskeletal support in vertebrate embryos. Cartilage is deposited by and is composed of chondroblasts and chondrocytes separated by an extracellular matrix, which may or may not mineralize depending on cartilage type, age, or taxon[Hall and Witten].\" See also FMA:71500 Set of cartilages, FMA:55107 Cartilage organ, FMA:12264 Articular cartilage. // elements made from cartilage, cartilage-like, or chondroid tissues evolved in invertebrates[H&W]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cartilage" RELATED []
synonym: "cartilage tissue" EXACT [FMA:37377]
synonym: "cartilages" RELATED [VHOG:0001207]
synonym: "cartilaginous tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "chondrogenic tissue" EXACT [VSAO:0000040]
xref: AAO:0000060
xref: AEO:0000087
xref: BTO:0000206
xref: EFO:0000949
xref: EHDAA2:0003087
xref: EV:0100141
xref: FMA:37377
xref: GAID:99
xref: MA:0000104
xref: MAT:0000189
xref: MESH:A02.165
xref: MIAA:0000189
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjeOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:309312004
xref: TAO:0001501
xref: UMLS:C0007301
xref: VHOG:0001207
xref: VSAO:0000040
xref: XAO:0000170
xref: ZFA:0005622
xref: galen:Cartilage
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Hypertrophic_Zone_of_Epiphyseal_Plate.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Cartilage
xref: ncithesaurus:Cartilagenous_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004755  ! skeletal tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of cells called chondrocytes which are dispersed in a firm gel-like ground substance, called the matrix. Cartilage is avascular (contains no blood vessels) and nutrients are diffused through the matrix. Cartilage is found in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, in the throat and between intervertebral disks. It makes up virtually the entire skeleton in chondrichthyes.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue which is connective tissue composed of collagen and/or elastin fibers and chondrocytes. Cartilage is avascular and provides both skeletal functions and a framework upon which bone is deposited.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetic analysis suggests that cartilage arose independently in cnidarians, hemichordates, vertebrates, arthropods, annelids, brachiopods, and molluscs - or a common ancestor of brachiopods and molluscs (...). Analyses of cartilage as a tissue and of the development of invertebrate cartilages are consistent with homology between invertebrate and vertebrate cartilage. From the discussion above, it will be clear that understanding genetic changes underlying cartilage evolution is key to determining whether the multiple origins of cartilage represent parallel evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002419
name: skin gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a skin of body [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: check FMA, use plural for now as general class not there
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "glandulae cutis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71878, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of skin glands" RELATED [FMA:71878]
synonym: "skin glands" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "skin glands set" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: FMA:71878
xref: MA:0000146
is_a: UBERON:0003297  ! gland of integumental system
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002420
name: basal ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "one of a group of nuclei in the brains of vertebrates, situated at the base of the forebrain and strongly connected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and other areas.ganglion in the head. The main components of the basal ganglia are the striatum, pallidum, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus[WP]. Subcortical masses of gray matter in the forebrain and midbrain that are richly interconnected and so viewed as a functional system. The nuclei usually included are the caudate nucleus (caudoputamen in rodents), putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata) and the subthalamic nucleus. Some also include the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum[NIF]." [Wikipedia:Basal_ganglia]
comment: Editor note: it is necessary to introduce two classes, one representing an individual basal ganglion, another representing the aggregate structure, in order to have consistent classification amongst AOs (e.g. in MA the aygdala is part of the BG, in FMA and BTO it is a subclass). Apart from achieving this consistency, the value of having two distinct classes is questionable, since the BG-plural is trivially the set of all BGs-singular.  it would be better for all AOs to decide on one single way of doing this. Do not merge until this is done.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "basal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "basal ganglion of telencephalon" EXACT []
synonym: "basal nucleus" RELATED [MA:0000184]
synonym: "nuclei basales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basal_ganglia]
xref: BTO:0000235
xref: EFO:0000904
xref: FMA:62514
xref: SCTID:244434001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg/200px-Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0007245  ! nuclear complex of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0011300  ! gray matter of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010011 ! collection of basal ganglia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002422
name: fourth ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "The fourth ventricle is an irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space[GO]." [Wikipedia:Fourth_ventricle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "4th ventricle" RELATED [MA:0000196]
synonym: "IVth ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000006]
synonym: "hindbrain ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000006]
synonym: "rhombencephalic ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000006]
synonym: "rhombencephalic vesicle" NARROW [ZFA:0000110]
synonym: "ventricle IV" EXACT [ZFA:0000110]
synonym: "ventricle of hindbrain" RELATED [BTO:0003426]
synonym: "ventricle of rhombencephalon" RELATED [BTO:0003426]
synonym: "ventriculus quartus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fourth_ventricle]
xref: AAO:0011043
xref: BM:Pons-4V
xref: BTO:0003426
xref: EHDAA2:0000100
xref: EHDAA:896
xref: EMAPA:16479
xref: EMAPA:16917
xref: EV:0100310
xref: FMA:78469
xref: GAID:610
xref: MA:0000196
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.500
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1256
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-7Q6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180932000
xref: TAO:0000110
xref: UMLS:C0149556
xref: VHOG:0000006
xref: XAO:0003099
xref: ZFA:0000110
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Fourth_Ventricle_of_the_Brain
is_a: UBERON:0004086  ! brain ventricle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013149 ! hindbrain vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0004086  ! brain ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: external_definition "Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002423
name: hepatobiliary system
namespace: uberon
def: "The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins. The parts are: liver, bile duct, gall bladder and hepatic duct" [GO:0061008, Wikipedia:Hepatobiliary_system]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hepaticobiliary system" EXACT [GO:0061008]
synonym: "liver and biliary system" EXACT []
synonym: "liver/biliary system" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011056
xref: EFO:0000800
xref: EHDAA2:0000998
xref: EHDAA:2189
xref: EMAPA:16840
xref: EV:0100088
xref: MA:0000324
xref: MAT:0000024
xref: MIAA:0000024
xref: TAO:0000036
xref: UMLS:C1711359
xref: VHOG:0000294
xref: XAO:0000132
xref: ZFA:0000036
xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatobiliary_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456  ! entire sense organ system
property_value: external_definition "System responsible for the production and movement of bile[ZFIN:curator]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002424
name: oral epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium that is part of the mouth and lines the oral cavity, typically stratified squamous, and may be para-, ortho- or non- keratinized. Primary barrier between oral environment and deeper tissues" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor note: consider including separate class for developmental structure (adult human is stratified; in EHDAA2 is unilaminar). Development notes: the avian oral epithelium has the developmental capacity to initiate tooth developmental programs with underlying grafts of non-avian oral ectomesenchyme [PMID:16488870]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelium of mucosa of mouth" EXACT [FMA:265152]
synonym: "epithelium of oral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:265152]
xref: AAO:0010357
xref: BTO:0001775
xref: EHDAA2:0001325
xref: EHDAA:2187
xref: EMAPA:16839
xref: EMAPA:26942
xref: FMA:265152
xref: MA:0000344
xref: TAO:0000816
xref: UMLS:C1709332
xref: VHOG:0000187
xref: XAO:0003201
xref: ZFA:0000816
xref: ncithesaurus:Oral_Cavity_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003350  ! epithelium of mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006915  ! stratified squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000167 ! oral cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa
property_value: external_definition "The epithelium that lines the oral cavity. The oral epithelium epithelial cells with many short microvilli as well as mucous cells, rodlet cells and taste buds[ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060921-12, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-091204-24]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002425
name: visceral serous pericardium
namespace: uberon
def: "Visceral serous membrane which is continuous with the parietal serous pericardium and is attached to the myocardium[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Visceral_pericardium]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "epicardium" RELATED [MA:0000484]
synonym: "lamina visceralis pericardii serosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epicardium]
synonym: "serous visceral pericardium" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral lamina of serous pericardium" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral layer of serous pericardium" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral pericardium" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:17176
xref: EMAPA:19032
xref: FMA:84882
xref: MA:0000484
xref: SCTID:243955001
xref: VHOG:0000538
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png
is_a: UBERON:0002357  ! serous pericardium
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002426
name: chest muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior thoracic region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "front of thorax muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of thorax" EXACT [FMA:9619]
synonym: "muscle organ of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "musculus thoracicus" EXACT []
synonym: "thoracic muscle" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000508
xref: FMA:9619
xref: MA:0000548
is_a: UBERON:0003830  ! thoracic segment muscle
is_a: UBERON:0005175  ! chest organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002427
name: arm skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18062
xref: FMA:37721
xref: MA:0000596
xref: UMLS:C0222204
xref: ncithesaurus:Arm_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0003531  ! forelimb skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002428
name: limb bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: NCITA includes clavicle. MA:'limb bone' is actually a bone of limb or girdle // Note that the formal definition is very inclusive, and includes sesamoids
synonym: "bone of extremity" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "free limb bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
xref: EFO:0000880
xref: EFO:0000945
xref: MAT:0000151
xref: MIAA:0000151
xref: SCTID:304149004
xref: UMLS:C0582791
xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_of_the_Extremity
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0004375  ! bone of free limb or fin
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010881 ! limb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 ! skeleton of limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002429
name: cervical lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "Cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes found in the neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_lymph_node]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lymph node of neck" EXACT []
xref: FMA:61213
xref: MA:0000736
xref: SCTID:181757009
xref: UMLS:C0588054
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Lymph_node_regions.jpg/200px-Lymph_node_regions.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002430
name: lateral hypothalamic area
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral hypothalamus or lateral hypothalamic area is a part of the hypothalamus. It is concerned with hunger. Damage to this area can cause reduced food intake. Stimulating the lateral hypothalamus causes a desire to eat, while stimulating the ventromedial hypothalamus causes a desire to stop eating. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_hypothalamic_area]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "area hypothalamica lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62030, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lateral division of hypothalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral group of hypothalamic nuclei" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral hypothalamic group" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral hypothalamic nucleus" RELATED [MA:0000834]
synonym: "lateral hypothalamic region" EXACT [FMA:62030]
synonym: "lateral hypothalamic zone (crosby)" EXACT []
xref: ABA:LHA
xref: BM:Die-Hy-HLA
xref: FMA:62030
xref: GAID:640
xref: MA:0000834
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.300
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4037
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002273 ! lateral zone of hypothalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002431
name: obsolete pars anterior
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0006965  ! vascular cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002432
name: pars intermedia of adenohypophysis
namespace: uberon
def: "boundary between the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary. It contains three types of cells: basophils, chromophobes, and colloid-filled cysts. The cysts are the remainder of Rathke's pouch. In human fetal life, this area produces melanocyte stimulating hormone or MSH which causes the release of melanin pigment in skin melanocytes (pigment cells). However, the pars intermedia is normally either very small or entirely absent in adulthood. In lower vertebrates (fish, amphibians) MSH from the pars intermedia is responsible for darkening of the skin, often in response to changes in background color. This color change is due to MSH stimulating the dispersion of melanin pigment in dermal (skin) melanophore cells." [Wikipedia:Pars_intermedia]
comment: The intermediate part of adenohypophysis: an ill-defined region between the two lobes of the hypophysis; some systems of nomenclature consider it part of the neurohypophysis. In humans a defined structure develops during embryogenesis, but only scattered cells are retained when the gland matures[BTO].
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "intermediate lobe" RELATED [BTO:0001788]
synonym: "intermediate lobe of adenohypophysis" EXACT []
synonym: "intermediate lobe of pituitary" EXACT []
synonym: "pars intermedia" EXACT [MA:0000855]
synonym: "pars intermedia (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74632, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars intermedia adenohypophyseos" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001788, Wikipedia:Pars_intermedia]
synonym: "pars intermedia adenohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74632, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars intermedia lobi anterior hypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001788]
synonym: "pars intermedia of anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74632]
xref: BTO:0001788
xref: EHDAA2:0001417
xref: EHDAA:8765
xref: EMAPA:17516
xref: FMA:74632
xref: MA:0000855
xref: SCTID:245534008
xref: TAO:0001197
xref: VHOG:0001178
xref: ZFA:0001197
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gray1181.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gray1181.png/200px-Gray1181.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006377 ! remnant of Rathke's pouch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002433
name: pars tuberalis of adenohypophysis
namespace: uberon
def: "The pars tuberalis is part of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, and wraps the pituitary stalk in a highly vascularized sheath. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pars_tuberalis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "pars infundibularis of adenohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74631]
synonym: "pars tuberalis" EXACT [MA:0000856]
synonym: "pars tuberalis (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74631, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars tuberalis adenohypophyseos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pars_tuberalis]
synonym: "pars tuberalis adenohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74631, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars tuberalis of anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74631]
xref: BTO:0001739
xref: EHDAA2:0001419
xref: EHDAA:8767
xref: EMAPA:17517
xref: FMA:74631
xref: MA:0000856
xref: TAO:0001196
xref: VHOG:0001114
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG/200px-Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002434
name: pituitary stalk
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003014
def: "The pituitary stalk (also known as the infundibular stalk or simply the infundibulum) is the connection between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary. It carries axons from the magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus down to the posterior pituitary where they release their hormones into the blood. This connection is called the hypothalamohypophyseal tract, and is responsible for the release of oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pituitary_stalk]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hypophyseal stalk" EXACT [MP:0009463]
synonym: "hypophysial stalk" RELATED [ZFA:0001199]
synonym: "infundibular stem" BROAD [MP:0009463]
synonym: "infundibular stem of neurohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74635]
synonym: "infundibulum" EXACT [MA:0000858, ZFA:0001199]
synonym: "infundibulum (lobus posterior) (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74635, FMA:TA]
synonym: "infundibulum hypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74635, FMA:TA]
synonym: "infundibulum neurohypophyseos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pituitary_stalk]
synonym: "infundibulum of hypothalamus" RELATED [ZFA:0001199]
synonym: "infundibulum of neurohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74635]
synonym: "infundibulum of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74635]
synonym: "infundibulum of posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74635]
synonym: "neurohypophysis infundibulum" EXACT [FMA:74635]
synonym: "tuberal part of hypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74635]
xref: BTO:0000768
xref: EHDAA2:0000828
xref: EHDAA:7538
xref: EMAPA:17520
xref: FMA:74635
xref: MA:0000858
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_912
xref: SCTID:245529009
xref: TAO:0001199
xref: UMLS:C0751440
xref: VHOG:0000245
xref: XAO:0004210
xref: ZFA:0001199
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Pituitary_Stalk
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis
property_value: external_definition "A short stalk connecting the pituitary with the brain. Axons of secretory cells in the floor of the diencephalon traverse the infundibulum and terminate in the neurohypophysis.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002435
name: striatum
namespace: uberon
def: "A region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati.[GO]." [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Striatum]
comment: AO notes: FMA divides striatum of neuraxis into 4, neostriatum is seperate class. In NIF these are synonyms. TODO - check striatum vs corpus striatum see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striatum#History. Check caudoputamen
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corpus striatum" RELATED [MA:0000891]
synonym: "neostriatum" EXACT [GO:0021756, Wikipedia:Striatum]
synonym: "neuraxis striatum" EXACT [FMA:83683]
synonym: "striate nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021756, Wikipedia:Striatum]
synonym: "striatum of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83683]
xref: ABA:STR
xref: BM:N
xref: BTO:0000418
xref: EFO:0000109
xref: FMA:77618
xref: FMA:83683
xref: MA:0000891
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105.487.550
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1672
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg/200px-BrainCaudatePutamen.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Striatum
is_a: UBERON:0011300  ! gray matter of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000204 ! ventral part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000369 ! corpus striatum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 ! basal ganglion
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006514
property_value: has_relational_adjective "striatal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002437
name: cerebral white matter
namespace: uberon
def: "White matter that is part of a cerebral hemisphere." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Usage notes: sometimes the term 'cerebral white matter' may be used generically but here is refers specifically to the white matter in a hemisphere. AO notes: The BTO class is inconsistent as it is part of the brain and spinal cord.
synonym: "cerebral hemisphere white matter" EXACT []
synonym: "hemisphere white matter" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000236
xref: FMA:241998
xref: MA:0000945
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_711
xref: SCTID:361691006
xref: UMLS:C0152295
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_White_Matter
is_a: UBERON:0011299  ! white matter of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002438
name: ventral tegmental nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: ventral and anterior tegmental nucleus are synonyms in FMA, but we split these into seperate classes. This is consistent with MA, ABA and neuronames, which treat these as distinct (NN suggest the anterior is a rodent specific structure). Location notes: this is part of pons and brainstem in MA, but this leads to an inconsistency with ABA. We err on the side of safety, and exclude the relationship to the pons here.
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior tegmental nuclei" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:72435]
synonym: "anterior tegmental nucleus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:72435, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61761]
synonym: "deep tegmental nucleus of Gudden" EXACT [FMA:72435]
synonym: "nucleus of Gudden" RELATED [MA:0001031]
synonym: "nucleus tegmentales anteriores" RELATED [FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis anterior" RELATED [FMA:TA]
synonym: "rostral tegmental nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000275]
synonym: "ventral raphe tegmental nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72435]
synonym: "ventral tegmental nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72435]
synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus (gudden)" EXACT [FMA:72435]
synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus of gudden" EXACT [FMA:72435]
xref: ABA:VTN
xref: FMA:72435
xref: MA:0001031
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1421
xref: SCTID:369244006
xref: TAO:0000275
xref: ZFA:0000275
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002439
name: myenteric nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers and postganglionic autonomic cell bodies lying in the muscular coat of the esophagus, stomach and intestines that communicate with the submucosal, subserosal and enteric plexuses[MP]. Part of the enteric nervous system, Auerbach's plexus (or myenteric plexus) exists between the longitudinal and circular layers of muscularis externa in the gastrointestinal tract and provides motor innervation to both layers and secretomotor innervation to the mucosa, having both parasympathetic and sympathetic input, whereas Meissner's plexus has only parasympathetic fibers. It arises from cells in the Nucleus ala cinerea, the parasympathetic nucleus of origin for the tenth cranial nerve, located in the medulla oblongata. The fibers are carried by both the anterior and posterior vagal nerves. It is found in the muscles of the esophagus, stomach, and intestine. The myenteric plexus is the major nerve supply to the gastrointestinal tract and control GI tract motility[WP]." [MP:0010801, Wikipedia:Auerbach's_plexus]
comment: AO notes: note that FMA uses Meissner's plexus as a synonym, rather than separate class
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Auberbach plexus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306]
synonym: "Auberbach's plexus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306]
synonym: "Auberbachs plexus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306]
synonym: "Auerbach's plexus" EXACT [FMA:63252, HP:0002251]
synonym: "Meissner's plexus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:63252]
synonym: "Remak's plexus" EXACT [FMA:63252]
synonym: "myenteric plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "plexus myentericus" RELATED [BTO:0002436]
synonym: "plexus nervosus submucosus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63252, FMA:TA]
synonym: "plexus submucosus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63252, FMA:TA]
synonym: "submucous plexus" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0002436
xref: FMA:63252
xref: GAID:798
xref: MA:0001148
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.500
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306
xref: SCTID:267716001
xref: UMLS:C0027028
xref: ncithesaurus:Myenteric_Nerve_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0000429  ! enteric plexus
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012367 ! muscle layer of intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002440
name: inferior cervical ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior cervical ganglion is situated between the base of the transverse process of the last cervical vertebra and the neck of the first rib, on the medial side of the costocervical artery. Its form is irregular; it is larger in size than the middle cervical ganglion, and is frequently fused with the first thoracic ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cervical_ganglion]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ganglion cervicale inferioris" RELATED [BTO:0000240]
synonym: "ganglion cervicale inferius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_cervical_ganglion]
synonym: "stellate ganglion" RELATED [MA:0001154]
synonym: "variant cervical ganglion" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000240
xref: EHDAA:8939
xref: EMAPA:18439
xref: FMA:6961
xref: MA:0001154
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000815
xref: SCTID:279280008
xref: UMLS:C0229000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray844.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Cervical_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001991  ! cervical ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002441
name: cervicothoracic ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The stellate ganglion (or cervicothoracic ganglion) is a sympathetic ganglion formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical ganglion and the first thoracic ganglion. Stellate ganglion is located at the level of C7, anterior to the transverse process of C7, posterior to the neck of the first rib, and just below the subclavian artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervicothoracic_ganglion]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cervicothoracic sympathetic ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "ganglion stellatum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6469, FMA:TA]
synonym: "stellate ganglion" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001815
xref: EMAPA:18226
xref: FMA:6469
xref: GAID:711
xref: MA:0001157
xref: MESH:A08.340.315.350.800
xref: SCTID:181101006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Gray845.png/200px-Gray845.png
is_a: UBERON:0001991  ! cervical ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002442
name: axillary nerve trunk
namespace: uberon
synonym: "circumflex nerve trunk" RELATED [MA:0001175]
synonym: "right axillary neural trunk" EXACT []
synonym: "trunk of right axillary nerve" EXACT [FMA:65265]
xref: FMA:65265
xref: MA:0001175
is_a: UBERON:0001147  ! trunk of peripheral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002443
name: choroidal blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a choroid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: cannot find singular in FMA, using Set class
synonym: "blood vessel of choroid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of choroid coat" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of choroidea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of posterior uvea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid blood vessels" EXACT []
synonym: "choroid blood vessels set" EXACT []
synonym: "choroid coat blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroidea blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior uvea blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "set of choroid blood vessels" RELATED [FMA:76550]
synonym: "vasa sanguinea choroideae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76550, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:17828
xref: FMA:76550
xref: MA:0001237
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002444
name: lens fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "The lens fibers form the bulk of the lens. They are long, thin, transparent cells, with diameters typically between 4-7 micrometres and lengths of up to 12 mm long." [Wikipedia:Lens_(anatomy)#Lens_fibers]
comment: TODO - check plural vs singular. in FMA lens fiber is a cell - FMA:70950 Lens cell. Other ontologies don't appear to commit one way or another.
synonym: "fibrae lentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76827, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lens fibers" EXACT []
synonym: "lens fibers set" EXACT []
synonym: "lens fibres" EXACT []
synonym: "set of lens fibers" RELATED [FMA:76827]
xref: BTO:0000724
xref: EHDAA:4745
xref: EHDAA:9065
xref: EMAPA:17841
xref: FMA:76827
xref: MA:0001304
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000979
xref: UMLS:C0229224
xref: VHOG:0000444
xref: XAO:0004096
xref: ncithesaurus:Lens_Fiber
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye
property_value: external_definition "Fibres resembling a ribbon and arranged in very thin plates in the lens. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the line, or Y, or star sutures common to mammalian lenses, including those of primates. In the case of line or Y sutures, the overlapping of lens fibers in each successive shell is coincident and results in the formation of four or six three-dimensional suture planes that extend from the lens nucleus to the periphery.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002445
name: ulnare
namespace: uberon
def: "The postaxial bone of the proximal carpal region. Found in close approximation to the ulna, often in articulation[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [Wikipedia:Triquetral]
comment: note this bone is termed the triquetral bone in some mammalian taxa, notably humans
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cuneiform bone of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "cuneiform bone of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "cuneiform of hand" RELATED [MA:0001347]
synonym: "os triquetrum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23715, FMA:TA]
synonym: "os ulnare" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "triangular" RELATED [MA:0001347]
synonym: "triangular bone" EXACT []
synonym: "triquetral" EXACT [MA:0001347, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "triquetral bone" EXACT []
synonym: "triquetrum" RELATED [MA:0001347]
synonym: "ulnar carpal bone" RELATED [MA:0001347]
xref: AAO:0000845
xref: FMA:23715
xref: MA:0001347
xref: SCTID:181965000
xref: UMLS:C0223739
xref: galen:Triquetral
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Triangular_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001480  ! proximal carpal bone
relationship: postaxial_part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
intersection_of: UBERON:0001480  ! proximal carpal bone
intersection_of: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
property_value: external_definition "One of two element that constitute the basal row of carpals. It articulates with the ulna, radius, radiale, centrale (element Y), and carpal 5(4). This element originates from one condensation center or the fusion of two elements (ulnare and intermedium). Occasionally it may fuse to carpal 5(4), the radiale, or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002446
name: patella
namespace: uberon
def: "A large sesamoid bone found in the distal femur/proximal tibial region of the hindlimb of tetrapods. The patella is the attachment site for proximal hindlimb tendons.[PHENOSCAPE:ad]" [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Patella, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=3470151&group_id=76834]
comment: The patella, also known as the knee cap or kneepan, is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body. The primary functional role of the patella is knee extension. The patella has convergently evolved in placental mammals and birds; marsupials have only rudimentary, non-ossified patellae. In more primitive tetrapods, including living amphibians and reptiles, the muscle tendons from the upper leg are attached directly to the tibia, and the patella is not present. See also: fabella.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "knee bone" RELATED [FMA:24485]
synonym: "knee cap" RELATED [Wikipedia:Patella]
synonym: "patella" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Patella]
xref: FMA:24485
xref: GAID:203
xref: MA:0001374
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.624
xref: SCTID:182083008
xref: UMLS:C0030647
xref: galen:Patella
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg/200px-Knee_diagram.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Patella
is_a: UBERON:0001479  ! sesamoid bone
is_a: UBERON:0005893  ! leg bone
is_a: UBERON:0011141  ! appendicular ossicle
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000981 ! femur
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee
property_value: has_relational_adjective "patellar" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002447
name: palatine gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The palatine glands form a continuous layer on its posterior surface and around the uvula. They are primarily mucous secreting glands, as opposed to serous or mixed secreting glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Palatine_glands]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "palatine glands set" EXACT []
synonym: "palatine salivary gland" EXACT []
synonym: "salivary palatine gland" EXACT []
xref: FMA:59795
xref: MA:0001584
xref: SCTID:13604002
xref: UMLS:C0930557
xref: ncithesaurus:Palatine_Salivary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001830  ! minor salivary gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002448
name: fungiform papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "The fungiform papillae are mushroom shaped e (projections) on the tongue. They are located on the top (dorsal) surface of the tongue, scattered throughout the filiform papilla but mainly at the tip and lateral margins of the tongue. They have taste buds on their superior (upper) surface which can distinguish the five tastes: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami. They have a core of connective tissue. They are innervated by the seventh cranial nerve, more specifically via the submandibular ganglion, chorda tympani, and geniculate ganglion ascending to the solitary nucleus (the sensory component of the Vagus nerve in the brainstem). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Fungiform_papilla]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fungiform papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54821]
synonym: "fungiform papillae" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "fungiform papillae set" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "papillae fungiformes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fungiform_papilla]
xref: EMAPA:18657
xref: FMA:54821
xref: MA:0001595
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4106
xref: SCTID:80673002
xref: UMLS:C0545784
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Gray1014.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Gray1014.png/200px-Gray1014.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Fungiform_Papilla
is_a: UBERON:0001726  ! papilla of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002453
name: ethmoid sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ethmoid sinus, one of the paranasal sinuses, is the collective name for the ethmoidal air cells. Each ethmoid sinus is an air-space enclosed within the ethmoid bone. The ethmoidal air cells consist of numerous thin-walled cavities situated in the ethmoidal labyrinth and completed by the frontal, maxilla, lacrimal, sphenoidal, and palatine bones. They lie between the upper parts of the nasal cavities and the orbits, and are separated from these cavities by thin bony laminC&. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_bone_sinus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cellulae ethmoidales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_sinus]
synonym: "ethmoidal sinus" EXACT [FMA:84115]
xref: FMA:84115
xref: GAID:356
xref: MA:0001792
xref: MESH:A04.531.621.267
xref: SCTID:181206009
xref: UMLS:C0015028
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Nnh_front.svg/200px-Nnh_front.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ethmoid_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0001825  ! paranasal sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002454
name: dorsal metacarpal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Aanastomosis of dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery and the dorsal carpal branch of the ulnar artery near the back of the wrist. It is made up of the dorsal carpal branches of both the ulnar and radial arteries. It also anastomoses with the anterior interosseous artery and the posterior interosseous artery. The arch gives off three dorsal metacarpal arteries." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_metacarpal_artery]
comment: check FMA, singular. specific subtypes e.g. FMA:22761 first dorsal metacarpal artery
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteriae metacarpales dorsales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70800, FMA:TA]
synonym: "dorsal metacarpal arteries" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal metacarpal arteries set" EXACT []
synonym: "set of dorsal metacarpal arteries" RELATED [FMA:70800]
xref: FMA:70800
xref: MA:0001944
xref: SCTID:244320002
xref: UMLS:C0447094
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray529.png/200px-Gray529.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Metacarpal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002455
name: common plantar digital arteries
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Common_plantar_digital_arteries]
synonym: "arteriae digitales plantares communes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70821, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Common_plantar_digital_arteries]
synonym: "common plantar digital arteries" EXACT []
synonym: "common plantar digital arteries set" EXACT [FMA:70821]
synonym: "set of common plantar digital arteries" RELATED [FMA:70821]
xref: FMA:70821
xref: MA:0001966
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray555.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gray555.png/200px-Gray555.png
is_a: UBERON:0006138  ! plantar digital artery
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001410 ! common palmar digital artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002456
name: internal thoracic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the internal thoracic artery (ITA), previously known as the internal mammary artery (a name still common among surgeons), is an artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts. It is a paired artery, with one running along each side of the sternum, to continue after its bifurcation as the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_thoracic_artery]
comment: note MA has both mammary and thoracic
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arteria thoracica interna, arteria mammaria interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_thoracic_artery]
synonym: "internal mammary artery" EXACT ATTRIBUTION_REQUIRED [MA:0001982]
synonym: "internal thoracic mammary artery" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000880
xref: EHDAA:8585
xref: EMAPA:18617
xref: FMA:3960
xref: MA:0001982
xref: MA:0001984
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rMe0MIao8EduQrwACs5b6Bw
xref: SCTID:244239009
xref: UMLS:C0226276
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray522.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Mammary_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001533 ! subclavian artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001533 ! subclavian artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002457
name: intersegmental artery
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "7th intersegmental artery" EXACT []
synonym: "seventh intersegmental artery" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000882
xref: EHDAA:4340
xref: EMAPA:17616
xref: MA:0001985
xref: SCTID:338130007
xref: TAO:0001061
xref: VHOG:0000225
xref: ZFA:0001061
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
property_value: homology_notes "Few changes of evolutionary significance occur in the branching pattern of the dorsal aorta. All vertebrates have (...) paired intersegmental arteries to the trunk, tail, and paired appendages.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002458
name: spinal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Arteries that supply the spinal cord." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Spinal_artery]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "spinal arteries" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000682]
xref: EHDAA2:0001890
xref: EHDAA:4355
xref: EMAPA:18241
xref: MA:0002043
xref: SCTID:244228006
xref: TAO:0000682
xref: UMLS:C0447043
xref: ZFA:0000682
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002459
name: inferior palpebral vein
namespace: uberon
comment: check FMA, singular.
synonym: "inferior palpebral veins" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior palpebral veins set" EXACT []
synonym: "lower palpebral vein" RELATED [MA:0002147]
synonym: "set of inferior palpebral veins" RELATED [FMA:70847]
synonym: "venae palpebrales inferiores" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70847, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:70847
xref: MA:0002147
xref: SCTID:422559003
xref: UMLS:C1760539
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Palpebral_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002460
name: vesical vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The vesical veins are tributaries of the internal iliac veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vesical_veins]
comment: check FMA, singular.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "set of vesical veins" RELATED [FMA:70911]
synonym: "venae vesicales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70911, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vesical veins" EXACT []
synonym: "vesical veins set" EXACT []
xref: FMA:70911
xref: MA:0002263
xref: SCTID:12683000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002461
name: anterior abdominal wall muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a anterior abdominal wall." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of anterior abdominal wall" EXACT [FMA:20278]
xref: EHDAA2:0000125
xref: FMA:20278
xref: MA:0002268
xref: UMLS:C1744565
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Abdominal_Wall_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002378  ! muscle of abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 ! anterior abdominal wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006635 ! anterior abdominal wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002462
name: erector spinae muscle group
namespace: uberon
def: "A bundle of muscles and tendons that is paired and runs more or less vertically. It extends throughout the lumbar, thoracic and cervical regions, and lies in the groove to the side of the vertebral column." [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae_muscles]
comment: AO notes: isa muscle organ in MA.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "erector spinae" EXACT [MA:0002289]
synonym: "extensor spinae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae]
synonym: "extensor spinae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae]
synonym: "extensor spinae muscles" EXACT [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae]
synonym: "m. erector spinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae_muscles]
synonym: "sacrospinalis" EXACT DEPRECATED [BTO:0001652]
xref: BTO:0001652
xref: EHDAA2:0000454
xref: EHDAA:9456
xref: EMAPA:18168
xref: FMA:71302
xref: MA:0002289
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwC7lnJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244852007
xref: UMLS:C0224301
xref: VHOG:0000984
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Gray1124.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Erector_Spinae
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
is_a: UBERON:0003897  ! axial muscle
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010961 ! erector spinae pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001076 ! spinous process of vertebra
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0006839 ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002463
name: hamstring muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the hamstring refers to one of the three posterior thigh muscles, or to the tendons that make up the borders of the space behind the knee. In modern anatomical contexts, however, they usually refer to the posterior thigh muscles, or the tendons of the semitendinosus, the semimembranosus and the biceps femoris. In quadrupeds, it refers to the single large tendon found behind the knee or comparable area. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hamstring]
comment: check FMA, singular.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hamstring" RELATED [VHOG:0000844]
synonym: "hamstring muscles" EXACT []
synonym: "hamstring muscles set" EXACT []
synonym: "hamstrings" EXACT []
synonym: "set of hamstring muscles" RELATED [FMA:81022]
xref: BTO:0003179
xref: EHDAA2:0000727
xref: EHDAA:8295
xref: EMAPA:19072
xref: EMAPA:19145
xref: FMA:81022
xref: MA:0002312
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjdtJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0584895
xref: VHOG:0000844
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray1239.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG/200px-Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Hamstring
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001378 ! rectus femoris
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001322 ! sciatic nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002464
name: nerve trunk
namespace: uberon
subset: vessel_or_tree  ! A term classified differently in FMA due to its treatment of branching structures - to be reviewed and revised by editors
synonym: "trunk of nerve" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000927
xref: EHDAA:4675
xref: EMAPA:16986
xref: FMA:5913
xref: MA:0002408
xref: SCTID:281248001
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002465
name: lymphoid system
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002096
def: "The lymphatic system in vertebrates is a network of conduits that carry a clear fluid called lymph. It also includes the lymphoid tissue through which the lymph travels. Lymphoid tissue is found in many organs, particularly the lymph nodes, and in the lymphoid follicles associated with the digestive system such as the tonsils. The system also includes all the structures dedicated to the circulation and production of lymphocytes, which includes the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and the lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive system (Wikipedia)." [Wikipedia:Lymphoid_system, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3153468&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: We follow FMA and MA in distinguishing between lymphatic system and lymphoid system, with lymhoid tissue part of the non-lymphatic component, although these terms are often used interchangeably. We assume the ZFA term lymphatic tissue actually corresponds to the broader class (e.g. ZFA lymph node in the ZFA lymphatic system). See tracker for more comments.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lymphatic circulatory system" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lymphatic system" NARROW [ZFA:0000385]
synonym: "systema lymphoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lymphoid_system]
xref: EFO:0000870
xref: EHDAA2:0001043
xref: EHDAA:8677
xref: FMA:74594
xref: GAID:931
xref: MA:0002435
xref: MAT:0000197
xref: MIAA:0000197
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQAKT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362589007
xref: TAO:0000385
xref: UMLS:C0024235
xref: VHOG:0000842
xref: XAO:0003199
xref: ZFA:0000385
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/TE-Lymphatic_system_diagram.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Illu_capillary_microcirculation.jpg/200px-Illu_capillary_microcirculation.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_System
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system
property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system which consists of a series of vessels which collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seep through capillary walls and return it to the veins.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "lymphoid" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Tetrapods have evolved distinct lymphatic systems, in which lymphatic capillaries help drain most of the tissues of the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002466
name: intestine secretion
namespace: uberon
def: "Clear to pale yellow watery secretions from the glands lining the small intestine walls. Secretion is stimulated by the mechanical pressure of partly digested food in the intestine." [Wikipedia:Succus_entericus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intestinal secretion" EXACT [FMA:62974]
synonym: "succus entericus" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000644
xref: FMA:62974
xref: GAID:1162
xref: MA:0002515
xref: MESH:A12.200.390
xref: UMLS:C0021849
xref: ncithesaurus:Intestinal_Secretion
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002467
name: filiform papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "The filiform papillae are thin, long 'V'-shaped cones that don't contain taste buds but are the most numerous. These papillae are mechanical and not involved in gustation covering most of the dorsum (upper surface). They are small and arranged in lines parallel to the V-shaped row of circumvallate papillae, except at the tip of the tongue where they are aligned transversely. Projecting from their apices are numerous filamentous processes, or secondary papillae. These are of a whitish tint, owing to the thickness and density of the epithelium of which they are composed. This epithelium has undergone a peculiar modification as the cells have become cornified and elongated into dense, imbricated, brush-like processes. They contain also a number of elastic fibers, which render them firmer and more elastic than the papillae of mucous membrane generally. The larger and longer papillae of this group are sometimes termed papillae conicae. Fungiform papillae are found dispersed throughout the filiform papillae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Filiform_papilla]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "filiform papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54820]
synonym: "filiform papillae" EXACT []
synonym: "filiform papillae set" EXACT []
synonym: "papillae filiformes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Filiform_papilla]
xref: EMAPA:18655
xref: EMAPA:18873
xref: FMA:54820
xref: MA:0002678
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4104
xref: SCTID:58743008
xref: UMLS:C0545782
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1016.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1016.png/200px-Gray1016.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Filiform_Papilla
is_a: UBERON:0001726  ! papilla of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002468
name: foliate papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "Taste-buds, the end-organs of the gustatory sense, are scattered over the mucous membrane of the mouth and tongue at irregular intervals. They occur especially in the sides of the vallate papillae. There is a localized area at the side of the base of the tongue, the foliate papillae, in which they are especially abundant. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Foliate_papilla]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "foliate papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54823]
synonym: "foliate papillae" EXACT []
synonym: "foliate papillae set" EXACT []
synonym: "papillae foliatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foliate_papilla]
xref: FMA:54823
xref: MA:0002679
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4105
xref: SCTID:362098003
xref: UMLS:C0545785
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray1021.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray1021.png/200px-Gray1021.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Foliate_Papilla
is_a: UBERON:0001726  ! papilla of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002469
name: esophagus mucosa
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003345
def: "A mucosa that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophageal mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "esophagus mucosa" EXACT [FMA:62996]
synonym: "esophagus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina muscularis mucosae oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62996, FMA:TA]
synonym: "mucosa of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of esophagus" EXACT []
synonym: "mucous membrane of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of oesophagus" EXACT [FMA:62996]
synonym: "muscularis mucosae of oesophagus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:62996]
synonym: "oesophageal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:62996]
synonym: "oesophagus mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "oesophagus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa esophagi" EXACT []
synonym: "tunica mucosa oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62996, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tunica mucosa oesophagi" EXACT [BTO:0002859]
xref: BTO:0002859
xref: EMAPA:26981
xref: EMAPA:26991
xref: FMA:62996
xref: MA:0002680
xref: SCTID:362127004
xref: UMLS:C0227176
xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002470
name: autopod region
namespace: uberon
def: "Terminal segment of free upper limb, immediately distal to the zeugopod region. The fully developed autopod consists of the autopod skeleton plus associated structures such as integument, muscle tissue, vasculature etc. The autopod is divided into mesopodial, metapodiual, and acropodial segments. Examples: human hand, mouse paw, human foot" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group; note that this refers to the limb segment, not just the skeleton.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "autopod" BROAD [MA:0002714]
synonym: "autopodial limb segment" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "autopodial segment" EXACT []
synonym: "autopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "autopodium region" EXACT []
synonym: "distal free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:83015]
synonym: "distal segment of free limb" EXACT [FMA:83015]
synonym: "paw" RELATED []
synonym: "pod" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0004359
xref: EFO:0000877
xref: FMA:83015
xref: MA:0002714
xref: MAT:0000091
xref: MIAA:0000091
xref: SCTID:95936004
xref: UMLS:C0687080
xref: ncithesaurus:Paw
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010130 ! autopod plate
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002471
name: zeugopod
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle free limb segment, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the zeugopodial skeleton. Examples: There are two types of zeugopod: forelimb zeugopod (aka forearm), hindlimb zeugopod (aka crus)." [PHENOSCAPE:curators]
comment: There exists some controversy about which podial segments are present in some fishes, e.g. if the autopod is not newly evolved in tetrapods, there is a question as to which segments are actually present in basal vertebrate taxa.[PHENOSCAPE:curators]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "epipodium" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "middle free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:83016]
synonym: "middle limb segment" EXACT []
synonym: "middle part of limb" BROAD []
synonym: "middle segment of free limb" RELATED [FMA:83016]
synonym: "zeugopod limb segment" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "zeugopodial limb segment" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "zeugopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "zygopod" EXACT []
synonym: "zygopodium" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0000878
xref: FMA:83016
xref: MA:0002716
xref: MAT:0000092
xref: MIAA:0000092
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: distal_to UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod
relationship: proximal_to UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
property_value: has_relational_adjective "zeugopodial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002472
name: stylopod
namespace: uberon
def: "The proximal free limb segment. Includes as parts the stylopod skeleton." []
comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "propodium" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "proximal free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:83014]
synonym: "proximal part of limb" BROAD []
synonym: "proximal segment of free limb" RELATED [FMA:83014]
synonym: "stylopodial limb segment" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "stylopodium" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0000879
xref: FMA:83014
xref: MA:0002717
xref: MAT:0000093
xref: MIAA:0000093
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
relationship: proximal_to UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod
property_value: has_relational_adjective "stylopodial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002473
name: intercerebral commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "Class of unpaired telencephalic white matter structures consisting of fiber pathways which project across the midsagittal plane and which serve to interconnect telencephalic structures lying within the contralateral cerebral hemisphere[FMA]." [FMA:67930]
synonym: "brain commissure" NARROW []
synonym: "interhemispheric commissure" RELATED [MA:0002721]
xref: FMA:67930
xref: MA:0002721
is_a: UBERON:0005970  ! brain commissure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002474
name: cerebellar peduncular complex
namespace: uberon
def: "A composite structure of the brain stem, which in NeuroNames is subdivided into the superior cerebellar peduncle of pons, the decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle and the superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain (MM)[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_970, Wikipedia:Cerebellar_peduncle]
comment: todo - this requires work for making consistent with ABA, which strictly separates cerebellum from brainstem. in MA, cerebellar peduncle is part of both brainstem and cerebellar white matter.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cerebellar peduncles" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebellar peduncles and decussations" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_970]
synonym: "cerebellar peduncles set" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebellum peduncles" EXACT []
synonym: "pedunculi cerebellares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77791, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of cerebellar peduncles" RELATED [FMA:77791]
xref: FMA:77791
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_970
xref: UMLS:C0228515
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Peduncle
is_a: UBERON:0002317  ! white matter of cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002475
name: saphenous nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The saphenous nerve (long or internal saphenous nerve) is the largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Saphenous_nerve]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nervus saphenus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saphenous_nerve]
xref: FMA:45262
xref: MA:0002761
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvY0kgpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181079005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Gray827.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gray827.png/200px-Gray827.png
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003431  ! leg nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002476
name: lateral globus pallidus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral globus pallidus (or external, GPe) receives a strong glutamatergic projection from the subthalamic nucleus. The two form a particular system: a coupled pacemaker. The axons of the external globus pallidum go essentially to the subthalamic nucleus. They go also to other elements of the basal ganglia system, the striatum, the substantia nigra pars reticulata, and the internal globus pallidus, where they release the neurotransmitter GABA. GPe is particular in comparison to the other elements of the set by the fact that it does not work as an output base of the basal ganglia (not sending axons to the thalamus) but as the main regulator of the basal ganglia system. It is sometimes used as a target for deep brain stimulation as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_globus_pallidus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "external globus pallidus" EXACT []
synonym: "external pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610]
synonym: "external part of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610]
synonym: "globus pallidus external segment" EXACT [FMA:61839, MA:0002767, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610]
synonym: "globus pallidus externus" EXACT []
synonym: "globus pallidus lateral segment" RELATED [MA:0002767]
synonym: "globus pallidus lateralis" EXACT [BTO:0002247]
synonym: "globus pallidus, lateral segment" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral pallidal segment" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610]
synonym: "lateral part of globus pallidus" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral segment of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610]
synonym: "pallidum I" RELATED [BTO:0002247]
synonym: "pallidus II" EXACT [FMA:61839]
synonym: "pars lateralis globi pallidi medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61839, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:GPe
xref: BTO:0002247
xref: EHDAA2:0004462
xref: FMA:61839
xref: MA:0002767
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610
xref: SCTID:361560008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif/200px-Brain_structure.gif
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002477

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002477
name: medial globus pallidus
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial globus pallidus (or internal, GPi) is one of the output nuclei of the basal ganglia. The GABA-containing neurons send their axons to specific nuclei of the dorsal thalamus (VA and VL), to the centromedian complex and to the pedunculopontine complex. The efferent bundle is constituted first of the ansa and fasciculus lenticularis, then crosses the internal capsule as the Edinger's comb system then arrives at the laterosuperior corner of the subthalamic nucleus and constitutes the Forel's field H2, then H, and suddenly changes its direction to form H1 that goes to the inferior part of the thalamus. The distribution of axonal islands is widespread in the lateral region of the thalamus. The innervation of the central region is done by collaterals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_globus_pallidus]
comment: See also: endopeduncular nucleus
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "entopeduncular nucleus" RELATED [MA:0002768]
synonym: "entopeduncular nucleus (monakow)" EXACT [FMA:61840]
synonym: "globus pallidus inernal segment" RELATED [MA:0002768]
synonym: "globus pallidus interna" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "globus pallidus internal segment" EXACT [FMA:61840]
synonym: "globus pallidus internus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61840]
synonym: "globus pallidus medial segment" EXACT [FMA:61840, MA:0002768]
synonym: "globus pallidus medialis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002248, FMA:TA]
synonym: "globus pallidus, medial segment" EXACT [FMA:61840]
synonym: "internal globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:61840]
synonym: "internal pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555]
synonym: "internal part of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555]
synonym: "medial pallidal segment" EXACT [FMA:61840]
synonym: "medial part of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:61840]
synonym: "medial segment of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555]
synonym: "mesial pallidum" EXACT [FMA:61840]
synonym: "pallidum I" RELATED []
synonym: "pallidus I" EXACT [FMA:61840]
synonym: "pars medialis globi pallidi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61840, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:GPi
xref: BTO:0002248
xref: FMA:61840
xref: MA:0002768
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555
xref: SCTID:361562000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif/200px-Brain_structure.gif
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002476

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002478
name: orbitosphenoid
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two thin triangular plates, which arise from the upper and anterior parts of the body, and, projecting lateralward, end in sharp points." [Wikipedia:Lesser_wing_of_sphenoid_bone]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "alCB& parvCB&" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lesser_wing_of_sphenoid_bone]
synonym: "ala minor (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52869]
synonym: "conchosphcC)nocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000253]
synonym: "ingrassia's process" EXACT [FMA:52869]
synonym: "lesser wing of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:52869]
synonym: "lesser wing of sphenoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002773]
synonym: "lesser wing of sphenoidal bone" EXACT [FMA:52869]
synonym: "orbito-sphcC)nocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000253]
xref: AAO:0000345
xref: EMAPA:18719
xref: FMA:52869
xref: MA:0002773
xref: SCTID:361737003
xref: TAO:0000253
xref: VHOG:0001153
xref: ZFA:0000253
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray145.png
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005687 ! orbitosphenoid cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009638 ! orbitosphenoid ossification center
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003111 ! sphenoid region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from taenia marginalis anterior (TAO:0001505)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps orbitosphenoid-lateral ethmoid joint (TAO:0001941)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps orbitosphenoid-prootic joint (TAO:0001794)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps pterosphenoid-orbitosphenoid joint (TAO:0001831)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: develops_from neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral ossification of the lateral sides of the braincase.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Large median unpaired cartilage bone consisting of two diverging plates. Positioned medial to the eye. The orbitosphenoid develops from the Trabeculae communis and forms the anterior and anterolateral boundary of the orbital foramen and constitutes a significant part of the sidewalls and floor of the cranial cavity. Bordered by the lateral ethmoid anteriorly, and the pterosphenoid posteriorly, The orbitosphenoid may extend ventrally to meet the parasphenoid. In the adult, the orbitosphenoid is fused ventrally to the parasphenoid via a thin sheet of bone.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002479
name: dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The main division of the lateral geniculate body; consists of two magnocellular layers [TA] (strata magnocellularia [TA]) and four parvocellular layers [TA] (strata parvocellularia [TA]) and serves as a processing station in the major pathway from the retina to the cerebral cortex, receiving fibers from the optic tract and giving rise to the geniculocalcarine radiation to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61422]
synonym: "dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body" RELATED [MA:0002775]
synonym: "lateral geniculate complex, dorsal part" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus dorsalis corporis geniculati lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62214, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus geniculatus lateralis pars dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1595]
xref: ABA:LGd
xref: BM:GLd
xref: FMA:62214
xref: MA:0002775
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1595
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001926 ! lateral geniculate body
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001927

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002480
name: ventral lateral geniculate nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "corpus geniculatum externum, nucleus accessorius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "corpus geniculatum laterale, pars oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "dorsal_nucleus_of_lateral_geniculate_body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "griseum praegeniculatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "lateral geniculate complex, ventral part" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral geniculate complex, ventral part (kolliker)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "lateral geniculate nucleus, ventral part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati lateralis, pars ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "nucleus praegeniculatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "nucleus pregeniculatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "nucleus pregeniculatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62215, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis corporis geniculati lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62215, FMA:TA]
synonym: "praegeniculatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
synonym: "pregeniculate nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral nucleus of lateral geniculate body" RELATED [MA:0002776]
synonym: "ventral part of the lateral geniculate complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597]
xref: ABA:LGv
xref: BM:LGv
xref: FMA:62215
xref: MA:0002776
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001926 ! lateral geniculate body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002481
name: bone tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000047, Wikipedia:Bone_tissue]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "calcium tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "osseous tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "osteogenic tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
xref: FMA:224804
xref: MA:0002780
xref: MESH:A02.835.232
xref: UMLS:C0391978
xref: VSAO:0000047
xref: ZFA:0005621
xref: galen:BoneTissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004755  ! skeletal tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005090  ! muscle structure
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002482
name: lamellar bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Bone tissue that has a regular parallel alignment of collagen into sheets (lamellae) and is mechanically strong." [Wikipedia:Bone#Woven_or_lamellar]
comment: histological classification, lamellar vs woven. Note that only FMA has woven
xref: FMA:224806
xref: MA:0002781
xref: galen:LamellarBone
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002483
name: trabecular bone tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Cancellous bone, synonymous with trabecular bone or spongy bone, is one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Compared to compact bone, which is the other type of osseous tissue, it has a higher surface area but is less dense, softer, weaker, and less stiff. It typically occupies the interior region of bones. Cancellous bone is highly vascular and frequently contains red bone marrow where hematopoiesis, which is the production of blood cells, occurs. The primary anatomical and functional unit of cancellous bone is the trabecula. Its Latin name is substantia spongiosa or substantia spongiosa ossium. The words cancellous and trabecular refer to the tiny, lattice-shaped that form the tissue. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trabecular_bone]
comment: one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Compared to compact bone, which is the other type of osseous tissue, it has a higher surface area but is less dense, softer, weaker, and less stiff. It typically occurs at the ends of long bones, proximal to joints and within the interior of vertebrae. Cancellous bone is highly vascular and frequently contains red bone marrow where hematopoiesis, which is the production of blood cells, occurs. The primary anatomical and functional unit of cancellous bone is the trabecula.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cancellated bone" RELATED [BTO:0001700]
synonym: "cancellous bone" EXACT [FMA:24019, MA:0002782]
synonym: "cancellous bone tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "spongy bone" EXACT []
synonym: "spongy bone tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "substantia spongiosa" EXACT [Wikipedia:Trabecular_bone]
synonym: "substantia spongiosa ossium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Trabecular_bone]
synonym: "substantia trabecularis ossium" RELATED [BTO:0001700]
synonym: "trabecular bone" EXACT []
synonym: "trabecular substance" RELATED [BTO:0001700]
xref: BTO:0001700
xref: FMA:24019
xref: MA:0002782
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Illu_compact_spongy_bone.jpg/200px-Illu_compact_spongy_bone.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002482 ! lamellar bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002484
name: bone marrow cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored; hence, the medullary cavity is also known as the marrow cavity. Located in the main shaft (cortical bone) of a long bone (diaphysis) (consisting mostly of compact bone), the medullary cavity has walls composed of spongy bone (cancellous bone) and is lined with a thin, vascular membrane (endosteum)" [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovaryry_cavity]
comment: AO notes: not clear if the FMA intends to have two classes. MP:0000065: \"the medullary cavities of the bones.\". NCITA also has \"medullary bone\"
synonym: "cavity of cancellous bone" EXACT []
synonym: "marrow cavity" EXACT [FMA:83698]
synonym: "medullary cavity" EXACT [FMA:83698]
xref: FMA:75147
xref: FMA:83698
xref: MA:0002783
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001439 ! compact bone
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002371 ! bone marrow
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002486
name: glottis
namespace: uberon
def: "The glottis is defined as the combination of the vocal folds and the space in between the folds. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Glottis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AAO:0010610
xref: BTO:0001627
xref: FMA:55414
xref: GAID:343
xref: MA:0002788
xref: MESH:A04.329.364
xref: SCTID:264482000
xref: UMLS:C0017681
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Arytenoid_cartilage.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Arytenoid_cartilage.png/200px-Arytenoid_cartilage.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Glottis
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
property_value: external_definition "A small, slit-like aperture lying longitudinally on the floor of the pharynx.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002487
name: tooth cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Tooth_cavity]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cavitas dentis" EXACT []
synonym: "cavitas pulparis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55660, FMA:TA]
synonym: "cavity of tooth" RELATED [MA:0002792]
synonym: "pulp cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "pulp cavity of tooth" EXACT []
synonym: "tooth pulp cavity" RELATED [MA:0002792]
xref: FMA:55660
xref: MA:0002792
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.265
xref: SCTID:362105008
is_a: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002489
name: coronal suture
namespace: uberon
def: "The coronal suture is a dense, fibrous connective tissue joint that separates the frontal and parietal bones of the skull. At birth, the bones of the skull do not meet. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Coronal_suture]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "coronal suture of skull" EXACT []
synonym: "fronto-parietal suture" EXACT [PMID:11784098]
synonym: "frontoparietal suture" EXACT [PMID:11784098]
synonym: "sutura coronalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronal_suture]
xref: EMAPA:19225
xref: FMA:52928
xref: MA:0002795
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2eGHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244510008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Gray188-Coronal_suture.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Gray188-Coronal_suture.png/200px-Gray188-Coronal_suture.png
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 ! vault of skull
intersection_of: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002490
name: frontal suture
namespace: uberon
def: "The frontal suture is a dense connective tissue structure that divides the two halves of the frontal bone of the skull in infants and children. It usually disappears by the age of six, with the two halves of the frontal bone being fused together. If it does not disappear it may be called a 'metopic suture' or 'sutura frontalis persistens. ' If the suture is not present at birth (craniosynostosis) it will cause a keel-shaped deformity of the skull called 'trigonocephaly. ' It is present in a fetal skull so that the skull can bend and is very elastic at the time of birth. The baby's head literally bends when coming out of the mother's womb. The space is filled as the child grows older. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Frontal_suture]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "frontal suture of skull" EXACT []
synonym: "metopic suture" RELATED [MA:0002796]
synonym: "sutura frontalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_suture]
synonym: "sutura metopica" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52989, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:19226
xref: FMA:52989
xref: MA:0002796
xref: SCTID:136854008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Frontal_suture.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Gray134.png/200px-Gray134.png
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 {cardinality="2"} ! tetrapod frontal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002491
name: lambdoid suture
namespace: uberon
def: "The lambdoid suture (or lambdoidal suture) is a dense, fibrous connective tissue joint on the posterior aspect of the skull that connects the parietal and temporal bones with the occipital bone. Its name comes from its lambda-like shape. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lambdoid_suture]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lambdoid suture of skull" EXACT []
synonym: "lambdoidal suture" RELATED [MA:0002797]
synonym: "sutura lambdoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lambdoid_suture]
xref: EMAPA:19227
xref: FMA:52933
xref: MA:0002797
xref: SCTID:361830007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray188-Lambdoid_suture.png
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 ! vault of skull
intersection_of: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002492
name: sagittal suture
namespace: uberon
def: "The sagittal suture is a dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the two parietal bones of the skull. At birth, the bones of the skull do not meet. If certain bones of the skull grow too fast then 'premature closure' of the sutures may occur. This can result in skull deformities. If the sagittal suture closes early the skull becomes long, narrow, and wedge-shaped, a condition called 'scaphocephaly. ' Two anatomical landmarks are found on the sagittal suture: the bregma and the vertex of the skull. The bregma is formed by the intersection of the sagittal and coronal sutures, and the vertex is the highest point on the skull and is many times near the midpoint of the sagittal suture. The sagittal suture is also known as the 'interparietal suture' and the 'sutura interparietalis. ' The term is derived from the Latin word Sagitta, meaning 'arrow'. The derivation of this term may be demonstrated by observing how the sagittal suture is notched posteriorly, like an arrow, by the lambdoid suture. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sagittal_suture]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sagittal suture of skull" EXACT []
synonym: "sutura sagittalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sagittal_suture]
xref: EMAPA:19224
xref: FMA:52929
xref: MA:0002798
xref: SCTID:244511007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Kort-lang-skalle.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kort-lang-skalle.gif/200px-Kort-lang-skalle.gif
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 {cardinality="2"} ! tetrapod parietal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 ! vault of skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002494
name: papillary muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the papillary muscles of the heart serve to limit the movements of the mitral and tricuspid valves. These muscles contract to tighten the chordae tendineae, which in turn prevent inversion. This occurs in response to pressure gradients. Instead they brace the valves against the high pressure, preventing regurgitation of ventricular blood back into the atrial cavities. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Papillary_muscle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "musculus papillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Papillary_muscle]
synonym: "papillary muscle of ventricle" EXACT [MA:0002800]
synonym: "ventricular papillary muscle" EXACT [MA:0002800]
synonym: "ventricule papillary muscle" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA:8655
xref: FMA:12154
xref: GAID:175
xref: MA:0002800
xref: MESH:A02.633.580.680
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rDid0jLYYEduAAAACs2IKfQ
xref: SCTID:279329009
xref: UMLS:C0030352
xref: VHOG:0001392
xref: galen:PapillaryMuscle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Papillary_muscles.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Papillary_muscles.png/200px-Papillary_muscles.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Papillary_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
property_value: homology_notes "On the internal or parietal surface of the left ventricle in man and in mammals are two papillary muscles, which are almost identical and well developed.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002495
name: long bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Long bone is a limb bone that is subcylindrical and has a shaft with periosteum separating the ends of the bones. Long bones are present only in the limbs[VSAO]." [VSAO:wd, Wikipedia:Long_bone]
comment: Endochondral_ossification is an essential process during the rudimentary formation of long bones, with the exception of the clavicle[Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification]. The medial and and lateral ends undergo EO, the mid-portion is formed by a process with features of EO & IO (the process is shared by the mandible)[ISBN:9780397517251]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0004256
xref: FMA:7474
xref: MA:0002802
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6axr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:332709000
xref: UMLS:C0222647
xref: galen:LongBone
xref: ncithesaurus:Long_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002497
name: acromion
namespace: uberon
def: "Region of the scapula where the latter meets with the clavicle: attachment point of the clavicle to the scapula in some taxa." [VSAO:0005067, Wikipedia:Acromion]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "acromion of the scapula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acromion]
synonym: "acromion process" EXACT [VSAO:0005067]
synonym: "scapular acromion" EXACT [VSAO:0005067]
xref: AAO:0000826
xref: EMAPA:25119
xref: FMA:23260
xref: GAID:187
xref: MA:0002805
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.783.261
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmrF8pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181911000
xref: UMLS:C0001209
xref: VSAO:0005067
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Gray206.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Gray206.png/200px-Gray206.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Acromion
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 ! pectoral limb scapula
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of pars acromialis (AAO:0000752)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anterior rounded projection of the pars acromialis of the scapula.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002498
name: deltopectoral crest
namespace: uberon
def: "The deltoid tuberosity is the region on the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Deltoid_tuberosity]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "crista ventralis" EXACT [AAO:0000736]
synonym: "crista ventralis humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000736]
synonym: "deltoid crest" EXACT [AAO:0000736, MP:0004353]
synonym: "deltoid eminence" EXACT [MP:0004353]
synonym: "deltoid impression" EXACT [MP:0004353]
synonym: "deltoid process" EXACT [MP:0004353]
synonym: "deltoid tuberosity" EXACT [FMA:23418]
synonym: "deltoid tuberosity of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23418]
synonym: "tuberositas deltoidea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23418, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tuberositas deltoidea (corpus humeri)" EXACT []
synonym: "tuberositas deltoidea humeri" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Deltoid_tuberosity]
xref: AAO:0000736
xref: EMAPA:25052
xref: FMA:23418
xref: MA:0002808
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/HumerusFront.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/HumerusFront.png/200px-HumerusFront.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004652 ! humerus diaphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002499
name: cochlear labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "The labyrinth is a system of fluid passages in the inner ear, including both the cochlea, which is part of the auditory system, and the vestibular system, which provides the sense of balance. It is named by analogy with the mythical maze that imprisoned the Minotaur, because of its appearance. The bony labyrinth, or osseous labyrinth, is the network of passages with bony walls lined with periosteum. The bony labyrinth is lined with the membranous labyrinth. There is a layer of perilymph between them. The three parts of the bony labyrinth are the vestibule of the ear, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. The vestibular system is the region of the inner ear where the semicircular canals converge, close to the cochlea (the hearing organ). The vestibular system works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. Joint and muscle receptors also are important in maintaining balance. The brain receives, interprets, and processes the information from these systems that control our balance. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_labyrinth]
comment: Editor notes: we follow the FMA in placing this in the membranous labyrinth. Notes: The labyrinth can be divided by layer or by region. Bony vs. membranous / Vestibular vs. cochlear
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0004686
xref: FMA:61259
xref: MA:0002809
xref: UMLS:C0931689
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray923.png/200px-Gray923.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Labyrinth
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002500
name: zygomatic arch
namespace: uberon
def: "The zygomatic arch or cheek bone is formed by the zygomatic process of temporal bone (a bone extending forward from the side of the skull, over the opening of the ear) and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone (the side of the cheekbone), the two being united by an oblique suture; the tendon of the Temporalis passes medial to the arch to gain insertion into the coronoid process of the mandible. The term zygomatic derives from the Latin zyosislymore meaning malar bone or cheekbone. The zygomatic arch is occasionally referred to as the zygoma, but this term usually refers to the zygomatic bone or occasionally the zygomatic process. The zygomatic process of the temporal arises by two roots: an anterior, directed inward in front of the mandibular fossa, where it expands to form the articular tubercle. a posterior, which runs backward above the external acoustic meatus and is continuous with the supramastoid crest. The upper border of the arch gives attachment to the temporal fascia; the lower border and medial surface give origin to the Masseter. The zygomatic arch is significant in evolutionary biology, as it is part of the structures derived from the ancestral single temporal fenestra of the synapsid ancestor of mammals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_arch]
comment: Editors note: compare with zygomatic bone
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arcus zygomaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_arch]
synonym: "zygoma" EXACT []
xref: FMA:53120
xref: MA:0002810
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.995
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvih1YZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:272682006
xref: UMLS:C0162485
xref: galen:Zygoma
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Gray188-Sphenozygomatic_suture.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Gray188-Sphenozygomatic_suture.png/200px-Gray188-Sphenozygomatic_suture.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Zygomatic_Arch
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002501
name: oval window
namespace: uberon
def: "The oval window (or vestibular window) is a membrane-covered opening which leads from the middle ear to the vestibule of the inner ear. Vibrations that come into contact with the tympanic membrane travel through the three ossicles and into the inner ear. The oval window is the intersection of the middle ear with the inner ear, and is directly contacted by the stapes; by the time vibrations reach the oval window, they have been amplified over twenty times from what they were when they contacted the tympanic membrane, a testament to the amplifying power of the middle ear. It is a reniform (kidney-shaped) opening leading from the tympanic cavity into the vestibule of the internal ear; its long diameter is horizontal, and its convex border is upward. In the recent state it is occupied by the base of the stapes, the circumference of which is fixed by the annular ligament to the margin of the foramen. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Oval_window]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fenestra ovalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oval_window]
synonym: "fenestra vestibuli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oval_window]
synonym: "oval window of petrous part of temporal bone" EXACT []
synonym: "vestibular window" RELATED [MA:0002813]
xref: FMA:56913
xref: GAID:882
xref: MA:0002813
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.909.551
xref: SCTID:362561009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Gray911.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Gray911.png/200px-Gray911.png
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 ! petrous part of temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002502
name: round window
namespace: uberon
def: "The round window is one of the two openings into the cochlea of the inner ear. It is closed off from the middle ear by the round window membrane, which vibrates with opposite phase to vibrations entering the cochlea through the oval window. It allows fluid in the cochlea to move, which in turn ensures that hair cells of the basilar membrane will be stimulated and that audition will occur. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Round_window]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cochlear window" RELATED [MA:0002814]
synonym: "fenestra cochleae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Round_window]
synonym: "fenestra rotunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Round_window]
synonym: "round window of petrous part of temporal bone" EXACT []
xref: FMA:56932
xref: GAID:878
xref: MA:0002814
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.246.814
xref: SCTID:279785002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Gray911.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Gray911.png/200px-Gray911.png
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 ! petrous part of temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002503
name: greater trochanter
namespace: uberon
def: "The greater trochanter (great trochanter) of the femur is a large, irregular, quadrilateral eminence and a part of the skeletal system. It is directed a little lateralward and backward, and, in the adult, is about 1 cm lower than the head. Because the pelvic outlet in the female is larger than in the male, there is a greater distance between the greater trochanters in the female. It has two surfaces and four borders. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Greater_trochanter]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "great trochanter" EXACT []
synonym: "greater trochanter of femur" EXACT []
synonym: "trochanter major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_trochanter]
xref: FMA:32852
xref: MA:0002822
xref: SCTID:182050001
xref: UMLS:C0223865
xref: galen:GreaterTrochanter
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray243.png/200px-Gray243.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Great_Trochanter
is_a: UBERON:0000980  ! trochanter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002504
name: lesser trochanter
namespace: uberon
def: "The lesser trochanter (small trochanter) of the femur is a conical eminence, which varies in size in different subjects [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lesser_trochanter]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lesser trochanter of femur" EXACT []
synonym: "trochanter minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lesser_trochanter]
xref: FMA:32853
xref: MA:0002823
xref: SCTID:182051002
xref: UMLS:C0223866
xref: galen:LesserTrochanter
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray341.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray341.png/200px-Gray341.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Trochanter
is_a: UBERON:0000980  ! trochanter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002505
name: spiral modiolar artery
namespace: uberon
def: "the artery which parallels the spiral ganglion in the root of the spiral lamina of the modiolus, serving the ganglion and the cochlear duct and its contents." [MP:0004629]
xref: FMA:52312
xref: MA:0002824
xref: SCTID:149380004
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002506
name: iris epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium pigmentosum (iris)" EXACT [FMA:58517]
synonym: "epithelium pigmentosum iridis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58517, FMA:TA]
synonym: "iris epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "iris epithelium" EXACT [FMA:58517]
synonym: "iris pigmented epithelium" RELATED [MA:0002826]
synonym: "pigmented epithelium of iris" EXACT [FMA:58517]
xref: FMA:58517
xref: MA:0002826
is_a: UBERON:0000488  ! atypical epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002507
name: abdominal lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymph node that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdomen lymph node" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph node of abdomen" EXACT []
xref: FMA:12787
xref: MA:0002827
xref: SCTID:245342005
is_a: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002508
name: celiac lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The visceral glands are associated with the branches of the celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. Those related to the branches of the celiac artery (the celiac lymph nodes) form three sets, gastric, hepatic, and pancreaticolienal. gastric lymph nodes, hepatic lymph nodes, splenic lymph nodes [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Celiac_lymph_node]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "celiac node" EXACT []
synonym: "coeliac node" EXACT []
synonym: "nodus lymphaticus coeliacus" EXACT []
synonym: "terminal ventral aortic node" EXACT []
xref: FMA:12792
xref: MA:0002828
xref: SCTID:245343000
xref: UMLS:C0229766
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gray613.png/200px-Gray613.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Celiac_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0002507  ! abdominal lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002509
name: mesenteric lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "the lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group." [MP:0005232]
synonym: "mesenteric node" EXACT []
synonym: "nodi lymphoidei mesenterici" RELATED [BTO:0000767]
xref: BTO:0000767
xref: FMA:12795
xref: MA:0002829
xref: UMLS:C0229792
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesenteric_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0002507  ! abdominal lymph node
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery
intersection_of: UBERON:0002507  ! abdominal lymph node
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002510
name: anterior fontanel
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans, the anterior fontanelle (bregmatic fontanelle, frontal fontanelle) is the largest, and is placed at the junction of the sagittal suture, coronal suture, and frontal suture; it is lozenge-shaped, and measures about 4 cm in its antero-posterior and 2.5 cm in its transverse diameter. The fontanelle allows the skull to deform during birth to ease its passage through the birth canal and for expansion of the brain after birth. While the posterior and lateral fontanelles are obliterated by about six months after birth, the anterior is not completely closed until about the middle of the second year. Full ossification starts in the late twenties and finishes before the age of 50 . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_fontanelle]
comment: AO notes TAO:0001739 anterior cranial fontanel is 'Fontanel that is located between the contralateral frontals and anterior to the epiphyseal bar'
synonym: "anterior fontanelle" EXACT [FMA:75439]
synonym: "bregmatic fontanelle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_fontanelle]
synonym: "fonticulus anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_fontanelle]
synonym: "frontal fontanelle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_fontanelle]
xref: EMAPA:19199
xref: FMA:75439
xref: MA:0002830
xref: SCTID:244680006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray197.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray197.png/200px-Gray197.png
is_a: UBERON:0002221  ! fontanelle
relationship: connects UBERON:0002489 ! coronal suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0002490 ! frontal suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0002492 ! sagittal suture
intersection_of: UBERON:0002221  ! fontanelle
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002489 ! coronal suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002490 ! frontal suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002492 ! sagittal suture

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002511
name: trabecula carnea
namespace: uberon
def: "The trabeculae carneae (columnae carneae, or fleshy beams), are rounded or irregular muscular columns which project from the inner surface of the right and left ventricles of the heart.[1] They should not be confused with the pectinate muscles, which are present in the right[1] and left atria only. They are of three kinds: * some are attached along their entire length on one side and merely form prominent ridges,* others are fixed at their extremities but free in the middle, * while a third set, the papillary muscles are continuous by their bases with the wall of the ventricle, while their apices give origin to the chordC& tendineC& which pass to be attached to the segments of both the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve. The purpose of the trabeculae carneae is most likely to prevent suction that would occur with a flat surfaced membrane and thus impair the heart's ability to pump efficiently. The trabeculae carneae also serve a similar function to papillary muscles in that their contraction pulls on the chordae tendineae, preventing inversion of the mitral (bicuspid) and tricuspid valves, that is, their bulging towards the atrial chambers, which would lead to subsequent leakage of the blood into the atria. So by the action of papillary muscles on the atrioventricular valves, backflow of the blood from the ventricles into the atria is prevented[WP]." [Wikipedia:Trabeculae_carneae]
comment: Note that WP states they are ventricular, but MP has classes for atrial ventricular carnea.
synonym: "cardiac trabecula" RELATED [GO:0060347]
synonym: "heart trabecula" RELATED [GO:0060347]
synonym: "trabecula of heart" RELATED []
synonym: "trabeculae carneae cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trabeculae_carneae]
synonym: "ventricle trabecula carnea" EXACT [MA:0002831]
synonym: "ventricular trabecula" RELATED [MA:0002831]
xref: EMAPA:18626
xref: FMA:7269
xref: MA:0002831
xref: SCTID:118755002
is_a: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002513
name: endochondral bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Replacement bone that forms within cartilage." [GO:0001958, VSAO:0000145, Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification]
comment: note that some structures, e.g. in ZFA are both intramembrane and endochondral. Editor notes: placement in this class to be inferred
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cartilaginous bone" RELATED [BTO:0002157]
synonym: "ossified chondrogenic bone" EXACT [VSAO:0000145]
xref: AAO:0010776
xref: AEO:0000083
xref: BTO:0002157
xref: EHDAA2:0003083
xref: TAO:0001591
xref: VSAO:0000145
xref: XAO:0004018
xref: ZFA:0001591
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Hypertrophic_Zone_of_Epiphyseal_Plate.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
is_a: UBERON:0010363  ! endochondral element
relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007844 ! cartilage element
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000009
property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that forms within cartilage.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002514
name: intramembranous bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Bone tissue forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues[TAO]. Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone in which osteoblasts secrete a collagen-proteoglycan matrix that binds calcium salts and becomes calcified[GO]. Intramembranous ossification is the way flat bones and the shell of a turtle are formed[GO]. Unlike endochondral ossification, cartilage is not present during intramembranous ossification[WP]." [GO:0001957, Wikipedia:Intramembranous_ossification]
synonym: "membrane bone" RELATED [AEO:0000085]
xref: TAO:0001644
xref: ZFA:0001635
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme
property_value: external_comment "[In TAO], This term was made obsolete because it is considered a synonym of membrane bone (VSAO:0000023).[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Bone that forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002515
name: periosteum
namespace: uberon
def: "Periosteum is a membrane that lines the outer surface of all bones, except at the joints of long bones. Endosteum lines the inner surface of all bones. Periosteum consists of dense irregular connective tissue. Periosteum is divided into an outer 'fibrous layer' and inner 'cambium layer' (or 'osteogenic layer'). The fibrous layer contains fibroblasts, while the cambium layer contains progenitor cells that develop into osteoblasts. These osteoblasts are responsible for increasing the width of a long bone and the overall size of the other bone types. After a bone fracture the progenitor cells develop into osteoblasts and chondroblasts, which are essential to the healing process. As opposed to osseous tissue, periosteum has nociceptors nerve endings, making it very sensitive to manipulation. It also provides nourishment by providing the blood supply. Periosteum is attached to bone by strong collagenous fibers called Sharpey's fibres, which extend to the outer circumferential and interstitial lamellae. It also provides an attachment for muscles and tendons. Periosteum that covers the outer surface of the bones of the skull is known as 'pericranium'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Periosteum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0001022
xref: FMA:24041
xref: GAID:925
xref: MA:0002838
xref: MESH:A10.165.265.746
xref: SCTID:33840008
xref: UMLS:C0031110
xref: galen:PeriOsteum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Bone_growth.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Bone_growth.png/200px-Bone_growth.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Periosteum
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011822 ! dense irregular connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element
property_value: has_relational_adjective "periosteal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002516
name: epiphyseal plate
namespace: uberon
def: "a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone. The plate is found in children and adolescents; in adults, who have stopped growing, the plate is replaced by an epiphyseal line." [Wikipedia:Epiphyseal_plate]
comment: editor note: consider splitting this class into the epiphyseal plates of long bones and vertebrae
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cartilago epiphysialis" RELATED [BTO:0000412]
synonym: "epiphyseal cartilage" RELATED []
synonym: "epiphyseal disk" RELATED [BTO:0000412]
synonym: "epiphyseal growth disk" RELATED [BTO:0000412]
synonym: "epiphyseal growth plate" EXACT []
synonym: "epiphyseal growth plate cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "epiphysial plate" EXACT [FMA:75427]
synonym: "growth plate" RELATED [MA:0002839]
synonym: "lamina epiphysialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epiphyseal_plate]
synonym: "long bone epiphyseal plate" EXACT [MA:0002839]
synonym: "physis" RELATED [BTO:0000412]
xref: BTO:0000412
xref: EMAPA:25059
xref: EMAPA:25062
xref: EMAPA:25065
xref: EMAPA:25068
xref: EMAPA:25071
xref: FMA:75427
xref: GAID:191
xref: MA:0002839
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.251.352
xref: SCTID:84349008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Tib_fib_growth_plates.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0001994  ! hyaline cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002517
name: basicranium
namespace: uberon
def: "The base of skull is the most inferior area of the skull, composed of the endocranium and lower parts of the skull roof." [Wikipedia:Base_of_skull]
comment: The skull base is formed from a series of cartilages either side of, and rostral to, the notochord, whose tip lies just caudal to the pituitary gland. It is closely associated with the sensory capsules, which partially or completely sur- round the olfactory epithelium, the eye, and the inner ear[PMID:11523816]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "base of skull" EXACT []
synonym: "basis cranii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52801, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Base_of_skull]
synonym: "cranial base" RELATED [MA:0002840]
synonym: "skull base" EXACT []
xref: FMA:52801
xref: MA:0002840
xref: MESH:A01.456.830
xref: SCTID:181890004
xref: UMLS:C0149543
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray193.png/200px-Gray193.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Base_of_the_Skull
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
property_value: has_relational_adjective "basicranial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002518
name: otolith organ
namespace: uberon
def: "saccule or utricle." [Wikipedia:Otolith_organ]
comment: Editor notes: Representation of utricle, sacule and otoliths in correspondence to other ontologies may require review. In EHDAA2, saccule and utricle are epithelia
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "otolith organs" RELATED [ZFA:0000559]
synonym: "saccule and utricle" RELATED [MESH:A09.246.631.909.625]
synonym: "utricle and saccule" RELATED [MESH:A09.246.631.909.625]
xref: EFO:0003539
xref: GAID:883
xref: MA:0002841
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.909.625
xref: TAO:0000559
xref: VHOG:0001676
xref: ZFA:0000559
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg/200px-Bigotolith.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, as in other vertebrates, the vestibular end-organs are divided into a gravity receptor system, with three subdivisions and an angular acceleration receptor system. The gravity receptor system on each side consists of utricular, saccular, and lagenar maculae, each covered by an otolith (reference 1); (...)considerations have led to our rethinking issues related to the origin of several aspects of vertebrate hearing, and to the view that many basic auditory functions evolved very early in vertebrate history, and that the functions observed in more `advanced' vertebrates, such as birds and mammals, are frequently modifications of themes first encountered in fishes, and perhaps even more ancestral animals (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002519
name: otolithic membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "a gelatinous membrane located in the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear, and plays an essential role in the brain's interpretation of equilibrium. Both the saccular macula and utricular macula are covered by an otolithic membrane. The membrane is composed of crystalline particles of calcium carbonate called otoliths. When the head is moved the otoliths shift, causing cilia in the nearby saccule and utricle to distort. This produces nerve signals which are sent to the brain, which then uses them to establish its sense of balance. The embedded crystals are very and dense and make the density of the otolithic membrane higher than that of the endolymph surrounding it. When the head accelerates along a line or tilts to change its orientation to gravity, the otolithic membrane shifts relative to the bone supporting the maculae. This shift bends the hair cells whose processes are embedded in the otolithic membrane.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Otolithic_membrane]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "membrana statoconiorum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75573, FMA:TA]
synonym: "otolith layer of statoconial membrane" EXACT [FMA:75573]
xref: FMA:75573
xref: GAID:884
xref: MA:0002842
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.909.625.125.680
xref: SCTID:362571006
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005764  ! acellular membrane
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002518 ! otolith organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002520
name: submandibular lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The submandibular lymph nodes (submaxillary glands in older texts), three to six in number, are placed beneath the body of the mandible in the submaxillary triangle, and rest on the superficial surface of the submaxillary salivary gland. One gland, the middle gland of Stahr, which lies on the external maxillary artery as it turns over the mandible, is the most constant of the series; small lymph glands are sometimes found on the deep surface of the submaxillary salivary glands. The afferents of the submaxillary glands drain the medial palpebral commissure, the cheek, the side of the nose, the upper lip, the lateral part of the lower lip, the gums, and the anterior part of the margin of the tongue. Efferent vessels from the facial and submental glands also enter the submaxillary glands. Their efferent vessels pass to the superior deep cervical glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submandibular_lymph_node]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "level ib neck node" EXACT []
synonym: "nodi lymphoidei submandibulares" RELATED [BTO:0000769]
synonym: "submandibular node" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000769
xref: FMA:61224
xref: MA:0002843
xref: SCTID:245319003
xref: UMLS:C0229722
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Illu_quiz_hn_03.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_hn_03.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Submandibular_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0003968  ! peripheral lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002521
name: elastic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Elastic fibers (or yellow fibers) are bundles of proteins found in extracellular matrix of connective tissue and produced by fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in arteries. These fibers can stretch up to 1.5 times their length, and snap back to their original length when relaxed. Elastic fibers include elastin, elaunin and oxytalan. Elastic tissue is classified as 'connective tissue proper'. The elastic fiber is formed from the elastic microfibril and amorphous elastin. The microfibril scaffolds and organizes the deposition of amorphous elastin. Amorphous elastin forms from monomers of soluble tropoelastin which is insolubilized and crosslinked into amorphous elastin by lysyl oxidase. Lysyl oxidase reacts with specific lysine residues and by oxidative deamination generates reactive aldehydes and allysine. These reactive aldehydes and allysines can react with lysine and other allysine residues to crosslink and form desmosine, isodesmosine, and a number of other polyfunctional crosslinks that join surrounding elastin molecules to build an elastin matrix and elastic fiber. These unique crosslinks are responsible for elastin's elasticity. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Elastic_fiber]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "elastic connective tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:20113
xref: GAID:926
xref: MA:0002853
xref: MESH:A10.165.400
xref: SCTID:27197004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Gray377.png
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002522
name: tunica media
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle layer of an artery or vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tunica_media]
comment: todo - check BTO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "tunica media vasorum" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002011, Wikipedia:Tunica_media]
xref: BTO:0002011
xref: FMA:55590
xref: GAID:170
xref: MA:0002855
xref: MESH:A02.633.570.491.800
xref: SCTID:61695000
xref: UMLS:C0162867
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Illu_artery.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Illu_artery.jpg/200px-Illu_artery.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tunica_Media
is_a: UBERON:0004237  ! blood vessel smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004797  ! blood vessel layer
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0005734 ! tunica adventitia of blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002523
name: tunica intima
namespace: uberon
def: "The innermost layer of a blood vessel which is a lining of endothelial cells facing the lumen[Kardong]." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Tunica_intima]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "tunica intima vasorum" RELATED [BTO:0002012]
xref: BTO:0002012
xref: FMA:55589
xref: GAID:523
xref: MA:0002861
xref: MESH:A07.231.330.800
xref: SCTID:8361002
xref: SCTID:87483006
xref: UMLS:C0162864
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Illu_artery.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Illu_artery.jpg/200px-Illu_artery.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tunica_Intima
is_a: UBERON:0004797  ! blood vessel layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0010161 ! lumen of blood vessel
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media
property_value: external_definition "The tunica intima (or just intima) is the innermost layer of an artery or vein. It is made up of one layer of endothelial cells and is supported by an internal elastic lamina. The endothelial cells are in direct contact with the blood flow. The inner coat (tunica intima) can be separated from the middle by a little maceration, or it may be stripped off in small pieces; but, on account of its friability, it cannot be separated as a complete membrane. It is a fine, transparent, colorless structure which is highly elastic, and, after death, is commonly corrugated into longitudinal wrinkles. The inner coat consists of: A layer of pavement endothelium, the cells of which are polygonal, oval, or fusiform, and have very distinct round or oval nuclei. This endothelium is brought into view most distinctly by staining with silver nitrate. A subendothelial layer, consisting of delicate connective tissue with branched cells lying in the interspaces of the tissue; in arteries of less than 2 mm. in diameter the subendothelial layer consists of a single stratum of stellate cells, and the connective tissue is only largely developed in vessels of a considerable size. An elastic or fenestrated layer, which consists of a membrane containing a net-work of elastic fibers, having principally a longitudinal direction, and in which, under the microscope, small elongated apertures or perforations may be seen, giving it a fenestrated appearance. It was therefore called by Henle the fenestrated membrane. This membrane forms the chief thickness of the inner coat, and can be separated into several layers, some of which present the appearance of a network of longitudinal elastic fibers, and others a more membranous character, marked by pale lines having a longitudinal direction. In minute arteries the fenestrated membrane is a very thin layer; but in the larger arteries, and especially in the aorta, it has a very considerable thickness. [WP,unvetted].[Wikipedia]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002524
name: mediastinal lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymph node that is part of a mediastinum. Each consists of several lymph node groups, especially along the trachea (5 groups), along the esophagus and between the lung and the diaphragm. In the mediastinal lymph nodes arises lymphatic ducts, which draines the lymph to the left subclavian vein (to the venous angle in the confluence of the subclavian and deep jugular veins). The mediastinal lymph nodes along the esophagus are in tight connection with the abdominal lymph nodes along the esophagus and the stomach. That fact facilitates spreading of tumors cells through these lymphatics in cases of cancers of the stomach and particularly of the esophagus. Through the mediastinum, the main lymphatic drainage from the abdominal organs goes via the thoracic duct (ductus thoracicus), which drains majority of the lymph from the abdomen to the above mentioned left venous angle." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Lymph_node#Lymph_nodes_of_the_thorax]
synonym: "mediastinal node" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0001670
xref: FMA:12774
xref: MA:0002877
xref: SCTID:181760002
xref: UMLS:C0588055
xref: ncithesaurus:Mediastinal_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0007644  ! thoracic lymph node
relationship: located_in UBERON:0003728 ! mediastinum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002525
name: brachial lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "the lymph nodes located along the brachial vein that receive drainage from most of the free upper limb and send efferent vessels to the central axillary lymph nodes." [MP:0005231, Wikipedia:Brachial_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "nodi lymphoidei brachiales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachial_lymph_nodes]
xref: FMA:44314
xref: MA:0002878
xref: UMLS:C0229840
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Gray607.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gray607.png/200px-Gray607.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Brachial_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002526
name: lumbar lymph node
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:84599
xref: MA:0002879
xref: SCTID:281412000
is_a: UBERON:0002507  ! abdominal lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002527
name: pancreatic lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymph node that is part of a pancreas [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph node of pancreas" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pancreas lymph node" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pancreatic node" EXACT []
synonym: "pyloric lymph node" RELATED [MA:0002881]
xref: FMA:16626
xref: MA:0002881
xref: SCTID:276170003
xref: UMLS:C0229783
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0002507  ! abdominal lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas
intersection_of: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002528
name: sacral lymph node
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sacral node" EXACT []
xref: FMA:16655
xref: MA:0002883
xref: SCTID:279797001
xref: UMLS:C0229827
xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002529
name: limb segment
namespace: uberon
def: "A major subdivision of a mature or developing limb, including both skeletal elements (or the mesenchyme that gives rise to the skeletal elements) and associated tissues, such as muscle, connective tissue, integument. Examples: autopod region, zeugopod region, stylopod region, metapodial region, arm region. Excludes the limb girdles." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: note FMA has both limb segment and free limb segment, the former includes the girdles. Note that MA uses the term more generally and includes A,S,Z,S+Z(arm/leg), whereas FMA is just A,S,Z
synonym: "extremity part" RELATED []
synonym: "free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:241863]
synonym: "limb region" EXACT []
synonym: "region of limb" EXACT []
synonym: "segment of limb" EXACT []
synonym: "subdivision of limb" EXACT []
xref: FMA:241863
xref: MA:0002889
xref: UMLS:C1268195
xref: ncithesaurus:Extremity_Part
is_a: UBERON:0010538  ! limb/fin segment
relationship: existence_ends_during UBERON:0000066 ! fully formed stage
relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0010758  ! appendage segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002530
name: gland
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:MIAA_0000021
def: "A gland is an organ in an animal's body that synthesizes a substance for release such as hormones or breast milk, often into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland). A gland is an organ specialised for secretion[GO]." [Wikipedia:Gland]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Druese" RELATED [BTO:0000522]
synonym: "glandula" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000522, Wikipedia:Gland]
xref: AAO:0000212
xref: AEO:0000096
xref: BTO:0000522
xref: EFO:0000797
xref: EHDAA2:0003096
xref: EHDAA:2161
xref: EHDAA:4475
xref: EHDAA:6522
xref: EMAPA:18425
xref: FBbt:00100317
xref: FMA:86294
xref: HAO:0000375
xref: MAT:0000021
xref: MIAA:0000021
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3vyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:134358001
xref: UMLS:C1285092
xref: WikipediaCategory:Glands
xref: galen:Gland
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray1026.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gland
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: secretes UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance
property_value: has_relational_adjective "glandular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002531
name: paired fin bud
namespace: uberon
def: "An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a paired fin. The fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]." [ISBN:9780878932504, MP:0005650, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "fin bud" EXACT [ZFA:0001383]
synonym: "fin buds" EXACT PLURAL [VSAO:0000179]
xref: EFO:0003468
xref: MAT:0000062
xref: MIAA:0000062
xref: TAO:0001383
xref: VSAO:0000179
xref: ZFA:0001383
is_a: UBERON:0004357  ! limb/fin bud
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005731 ! fin field
intersection_of: UBERON:0004357  ! limb/fin bud
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin
property_value: external_definition "Embryonic surface structure that develops into a paired fin.[ZFA]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002532
name: epiblast (generic)
namespace: uberon
def: "In amniote animal embryology, the epiblast is a tissue type derived either from the inner cell mass in mammals or the blastodisc in birds and reptiles. It lies above the hypoblast. In mammalian embryogenesis, the columnar cells of the epiblast are adjacent to the trophoblast, while the cuboidal cells of the hypoblast are closer to the blastocoele. The epiblast, whilst referred to as the primary ectoderm, differentiates to form all three layers of the trilaminar germ disc in a process called gastrulation[WP]. The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation[ZFA]" [Wikipedia:Epiblast, ZFIN:curator]
comment: MP says - tissue that gives rise to the ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm of the embryo proper. In HOG, epiblast is part of primitive streak/blastpore, which is inconsistent with the MP definition of primitive streak as a ridge of the epiblast. Note that these terms, epiblast and hypoblast, are also used to describe layers of the avian embryonic blastoderm, but the layers so-named seem to be altogether different in these two kinds of vertebrate embryos(CVS). Consider obsoleting this as a grouping class
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "blastocyst" RELATED []
synonym: "ectoblast" RELATED [MP:0003886]
synonym: "epiblast" EXACT [VHOG:0000243]
synonym: "epiblastus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epiblast]
synonym: "primitive ectoderm" RELATED [VHOG:0000243]
xref: BTO:0004593
xref: MAT:0000067
xref: MIAA:0000067
xref: VHOG:0000243
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Gray21.png
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
property_value: homology_notes "In pregastrula zebrafish embryos, the epiblast is an inverted cup of cells that sits on top of a large yolk cell. (...) In amniote embryos (mammals and birds), gastrulation initiates in an epithelial layer called the epiblast. Cells in the epiblast undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), migrate through the primitive streak (PS), and incorporate in the middle (mesoderm) or outer (endoderm) layer. The presumptive definitive endoderm (DE) cells invade and displace an outer layer of extraembryonic tissue cells, the hypoblast in chick and the visceral endoderm (VE) in mouse, which form supporting structures such as the yolk sac.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002533
name: tail bud
namespace: uberon
def: "The rapidly proliferating mass of cells at the caudal extremity of the embryo; remnant of the primitive node." [BTO:0001445]
comment: Editor notes: See notes from UBERONREF:0000002
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "end bud" RELATED [BTO:0001445]
synonym: "tail bud mesenchyme " RELATED [ZFA:0000077]
synonym: "tailbud" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011104
xref: BTO:0001445
xref: EFO:0002748
xref: EHDAA2:0001976
xref: EHDAA:1595
xref: EMAPA:16580
xref: MAT:0000070
xref: MIAA:0000070
xref: TAO:0000077
xref: VHOG:0000201
xref: XAO:0000107
xref: ZFA:0000077
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "Rapidly proliferating mass of cells at the caudal extremity of the embryo. Its formation is reflected in a caudal carving of the posterior portion of the archenteric canal at NF stage 22. With its further outgrowth, the postanal gut primordium becomes stretched. Its lumen is in broad communication with the hindgut at NF stage 25.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (5) a larva or embryo with a postanal tail.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002534
name: paired fin
namespace: uberon
def: "Fin that is one of a pair located ventrally on the organism." [TAO:wd]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "artioptcC)rygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000111]
synonym: "nageoire paire@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000111]
synonym: "pelvic/pectoral fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: TAO:0002278
xref: VSAO:0000111
xref: ZFA:0005596
is_a: UBERON:0004708  ! limb/fin
is_a: UBERON:0008897  ! fin
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002531 ! paired fin bud
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002535
name: gill
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical surface structure found in many aquatic organisms. It is a respiration organ whose function is the extraction of oxygen from water and the excretion of carbon dioxide. The microscopic structure of a gill is such that it presents a very large surface area to the external environment. Gills usually consist of thin filaments of tissue, branches, or slender tufted processes which have a highly folded surface to increase surface area. A high surface area is crucial to the gas exchange of aquatic organisms as water contains only 1/20 parts dissolved Oxygen compared to air. With the exception of some aquatic insects, the filaments and lamellae (folds) contain blood or coelomic fluid, from which gases are exchanged through the thin walls. Oxygen is carried by the blood to other parts of the body. Carbon dioxide passes from the blood through the thin gill tissue into the water. Gills or gill-like organs, located in different parts of the body, are found in various groups of aquatic animals, including mollusks, crustaceans, insects, fish, and amphibians." [Wikipedia:Gill]
comment: this term potentially applicable across multiple metazoa - see also the subclass 'pharyngeal arch derived gill'
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
xref: MESH:A13.421
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002537
name: hermaphrodite gonad
namespace: uberon
def: "a gonad with both testicular and ovarian aspects[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ovotestis]
synonym: "glandula hermaphroditica" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Ovotestis#In_gastropods]
synonym: "hermaphrodite genitalia" EXACT [GO:0040035]
synonym: "hermaphrodite gland" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Ovotestis#In_gastropods]
synonym: "ovotestis" RELATED [BTO:0000981]
xref: BTO:0000981
xref: EFO:0000971
xref: MAT:0000165
xref: MIAA:0000165
xref: WBbt:0005178
is_a: UBERON:0000991  ! gonad
is_a: UBERON:0007198  ! hermaphrodite anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007197 ! hermaphroditic organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002538
name: hatching gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The cells of the hatching gland contain enzymes responsible for solubilization of the egg chorion, facilitating the hatching process[GO]. A transversely oriented set of cells located deep to the EVL on the pericardial membrane, especially prominent during pharyngula period because of the brightly refractile cytoplasmic granules (containing hatching enzymes) of the principal cells of the gland. <a href='http://zfin.org/cgi-bin/ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-961014-576'>Kimmel et al, 1995.</a>" [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "frontal gland" RELATED []
synonym: "hgg" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011050
xref: BTO:0000558
xref: EFO:0000863
xref: MAT:0000180
xref: MIAA:0000180
xref: TAO:0000026
xref: VHOG:0000078
xref: XAO:0000034
xref: ZFA:0000026
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
property_value: external_definition "A transversely oriented set of cells located deep to the EVL on the pericardial membrane, especially prominent during pharyngula period because of the brightly refractile cytoplasmic granules (containing hatching enzymes) of the principal cells of the gland. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002539
name: pharyngeal arch
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches" [NLM:branchial+arch, PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_arch]
comment: Numbered cranial to caudal. different in mammals. branchial arch = ZFA:0001613 pharyngeal arch 3-7. generally gill arch 1 = pharyngeal arch 3. terminology varies as to whether branchial arch follows gill or pharyngeal numbering
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arcus pharyngei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_arch]
synonym: "branchial arch" NARROW [BTO:0001785, MP:0002884]
synonym: "pharyngeal arches" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "visceral arch" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010359
xref: BTO:0001785
xref: EFO:0000959
xref: EHDAA:571
xref: EMAPA:16117
xref: GAID:1292
xref: MAT:0000242
xref: MESH:A16.254.160
xref: MIAA:0000242
xref: SCTID:308766004
xref: TAO:0001306
xref: UMLS:C0080322
xref: VHOG:0000155
xref: XAO:0000096
xref: ZFA:0001306
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray41.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray41.png/200px-Gray41.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Arch
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010188  ! protuberance
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0007690 ! early pharyngeal endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008816 ! embryonic head
property_value: external_definition "One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002540
name: lateral line system
namespace: uberon
def: "a line of neuroblasts along the sides of fish and amphibia that detect vibrations and pressure changes." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960, Wikipedia:Lateral_line_system]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lateral line organs" RELATED [VHOG:0001243]
synonym: "lateral line stitches" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral-line organs" RELATED []
synonym: "ll" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000269
xref: AAO:0000975
xref: EFO:0000941
xref: MAT:0000249
xref: MIAA:0000249
xref: TAO:0000034
xref: VHOG:0001243
xref: XAO:0000095
xref: ZFA:0000034
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32524
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: is_formed_by lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Sensory system which develops from a specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes named lateral line placodes.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002541
name: germ ring
namespace: uberon
def: "The thickend rim of the blastoderm evident during late blastula and gastrula stages[FishBase]. Embryonic structure which is a uniform thickened annulus at the blastoderm margin, consisting  of two layers in addition to the EVL, the epiblast and the hypoblast.  The germ ring is formed by the involution of the blastoderm back upon itself[ZFA]" [http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=germ%20ring]
comment: todo - check timing of appearance and disappearance - check relationship with primitive streak. he blastopore lips in amphibians appear to have the equivalent function of the germ ring in zebrafish (ES)
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
xref: AAO:0000211
xref: EFO:0003427
xref: MAT:0000255
xref: MIAA:0000255
xref: TAO:0000111
xref: ZFA:0000111
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004734 ! gastrula
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:40674
property_value: external_definition "Embryonic structure that forms as a thickened annulus at the blastoderm rim.  The germ ring is thickened because it  is the involuting margin of the blastoderm[ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002542
name: scale
namespace: uberon
def: "A small rigid plate that grows out of an animal's skin to provide protection. In lepidopteran (butterfly and moth) species, scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing, and provide coloration. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times with varying structure and function." [Wikipedia:Scale_(zoology)]
comment: Usage notes: currently defined in a very inclusive fashion - may be obsoleted and replaced by more specific classes in future versions. The TAO, VSAO amd ZFA classes by this name are classified as 'dermal scales'
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "scales" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0005055
xref: EFO:0000960
xref: HAO:0000907
xref: MAT:0000257
xref: MIAA:0000257
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi9M5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002543
name: obsolete median fin skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Postcranial axial skeleton that is unpaired and located on the sagittal plane of the organism." [TAO:wd]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Mistakenly placed in uberon, should remain domain of TAO for now
synonym: "axial fin skeleton" EXACT [TAO:0001123]
synonym: "unpaired fin skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0001123]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002544
name: digit
namespace: uberon
def: "one of several most distal parts of a limb, such as fingers or toes, present in many vertebrates[WP]." [Wikipedia:Digit_(anatomy)]
comment: todo homology ZFA:0001588-pectoral fin distal radial. Note: This term is a GAT in FMA. Note: we elect to place a strict taxon constraint on this class - this is controversial, and may be weakened later on - see [Wikipedia:Digit_(anatomy)#Evolution]. AO notes: EMAPA mapping from TH
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "limb digit" EXACT [MA:0000690]
xref: AAO:0011126
xref: EFO:0000881
xref: EMAPA:32725
xref: FMA:85518
xref: MA:0000690
xref: MAT:0000285
xref: MIAA:0000285
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzLD_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361367007
xref: UMLS:C0582802
xref: VHOG:0000944
xref: XAO:0003032
xref: galen:Digit
xref: ncithesaurus:Digit
is_a: UBERON:0005881  ! limb outgrowth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012140 ! digitopodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012354 ! acropodium region
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005880  ! prepollex
disjoint_from: UBERON:0012136  ! prehallux
property_value: has_relational_adjective "digital" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Our reinterpretation of the distal fin endoskeleton of Panderichthys removes the final piece of evidence supporting the formerly popular hypothesis that tetrapod digits are wholly new structures without homologues in sarcopterygian fish fins. This hypothesis, which was based partly on the complete absence of plausible digit homologues in Panderichthys (then the closest known relative of tetrapods), has already been called into question by the discovery of digit-like radials in Tiktaalik and the fact that Hox gene expression patterns closely resembling those associated with digit formation in tetrapods occur in the distal fin skeletons of paddlefish and Australian lungfish. Our new data show that Panderichthys is not an anomaly: like Tiktaalik and other fish members of the Tetrapodomorpha, it has distal radials that can be interpreted as digit homologues.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002545
name: obsolete body ganglion
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "trunk ganglion" RELATED []
xref: EFO:0000901
xref: MAT:0000344
xref: MIAA:0000344

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002546
name: cranial placode
namespace: uberon
def: "Ectodermal placode that develops in the head into a part of the sensory nervous system. With a few exceptions (lens, adenohypophyseal), cranial placodes are neurogenic." [UBERON:cjm, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53175/, https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/4, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3561940&group_id=76834&atid=1127722]
comment: Editor note: to avoid confusion, we include neurogenic placode as a subclass. Do not merge. Terminological notes: The term placode or placodes also applies to developing organs such as teeth, mammary glands, hair follicles, feathers and scales. We include a separate parent class for this. Taxon notes: Comparisons of developmental gene expression suggest that the anterior ectoderm in amphioxus may be homologous to the vertebrate olfactory placode, the only vertebrate placode with primary, not secondary, neurons[PMID:11523831].
synonym: "placode" BROAD [Wikipedia:Placode]
xref: AAO:0010466
xref: EFO:0001650
xref: MAT:0000369
xref: MIAA:0000369
xref: XAO:0000305
is_a: UBERON:0005085  ! ectodermal placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002547
name: tadpole
namespace: uberon
def: "An an organism at the larval stage" [UBERON:cjm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "tadpole stage" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001347
xref: MAT:0000370
xref: MIAA:0000370
is_a: UBERON:0002548  ! larva
relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0009849 ! tadpole stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0009849 ! tadpole stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002548
name: larva
namespace: uberon
def: "a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle." [Wikipedia:Larva]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies. TODO: discriminate between stages and organisms
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ammocoete" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "bipinnaria" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "caterpillar" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "glochidium" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "grub" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "larval organism" EXACT [TAO:0002048]
synonym: "leptocephalus" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "maggot" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "naiad" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "naupilus" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "nymph" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "planula" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "tadpole" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "trochophore" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "veliger" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "wriggler" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
synonym: "zoea" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva]
xref: AEO:0000126
xref: BTO:0000707
xref: FBbt:00001727
xref: HAO:0000459
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQCBvZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0002048
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage
property_value: external_definition "Whole organism that is premetamorphic or a very immature individual.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "larval" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002549
name: ventral trigeminal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral trigeminothalamic tract serves as pain, temperature, and light touch pathway from the face, head and neck. It receives input from trigeminal nerve, facial nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and vagus nerve. It receives discriminative tactile and pressure input from the contralateral principal sensory nucleus of CN V, which terminates in the ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus. It then ascends to the contralateral sensory cortex via three neurons . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_trigeminal_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72506]
synonym: "tractus trigeminothalamicus anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72506, FMA:TA]
synonym: "trigeminal lemniscus-2" EXACT [FMA:72506]
synonym: "ventral crossed tract" EXACT [FMA:72506]
synonym: "ventral secondary ascending tract of v" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral trigeminal pathway" EXACT [FMA:72506]
synonym: "ventral trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72506]
xref: FMA:72506
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1001
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002550
name: anterior hypothalamic region
namespace: uberon
synonym: "chiasmal zone" EXACT [FMA:62027]
xref: FMA:62027
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1005
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002551
name: interstitial nucleus of cajal
namespace: uberon
synonym: "interstitial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72432]
synonym: "interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72432]
synonym: "interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (crosby)" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus interstitialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72432, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:INC
xref: BM:MB-ICA
xref: FMA:72432
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1008
xref: SCTID:369251002
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002044

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002552
name: vestibulocerebellar tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The vestibulocerebellar tract is a tract in the pontine tegmentum which connects the vestibular nerve and the cerebellar cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibulocerebellar_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "vestibulocerebellar fibers" EXACT [FMA:72508]
xref: FMA:72508
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1009
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002553
name: anatomical cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical space which contains portions of one or more body substances and is bounded by the internal surface of one maximally connected anatomical structure. Examples: cranial cavity, pharyngeal recess space, nasal cavity, tooth socket, cavity of serous sac, lumen of stomach, lumen of artery, fornix of vagina." [FMA:67552]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "cavity" BROAD []
xref: FMA:67552
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1011
xref: galen:Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: location_of UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002554
name: regional part of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a superior colliculus." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: inherited_grouping_class  ! A grouping class that originates in two or more separate anatomical ontologies. Includes 'region of X' type terms
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "segment of superior colliculus" RELATED [FMA:85592]
synonym: "superior colliculus segment" RELATED [FMA:85592]
xref: FMA:85592
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1014
is_a: UBERON:0002966  ! regional part of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002555
name: intermediate hypothalamic region
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Pituitary_gland#Intermediate_lobe]
comment: See notes for pars intermedia of adenohypophysis
synonym: "area hypothalamica intermedia" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62028, FMA:TA]
synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [FMA:62028]
synonym: "intermediate hypothalamus" RELATED [TAO:0006000]
xref: FMA:62028
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1015
xref: TAO:0006000
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus
property_value: external_definition "Brain structure that lies perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the embryonic neural tube, is continuous with the rostral hypothalamic proliferation and whose most lateral extent is deflected dorsally within the inferior lobe.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002556
name: corticotectal tract
namespace: uberon
synonym: "corticotectal fibers" EXACT [FMA:72419]
synonym: "corticotectal fibres" EXACT [FMA:72419]
synonym: "fibrae corticotectales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72419, FMA:TA]
xref: BM:CTT
xref: FMA:72419
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1016
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002557
name: linear nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72436
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1018
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002558
name: organ cavity
namespace: uberon
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "cavity of organ" EXACT [FMA:12237]
xref: FMA:12237
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1019
xref: SCTID:362606005
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002559
name: medullary reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "The reticular formation is a series of brain nuclei located in the medulla oblongata" [GO:0021723]
comment: note that ZFA:0000421 is part of the the medulla oblongata, so it is placed here, rather than with the generic term
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:72241]
synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001049]
synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular formation" BROAD [ZFA:0000421]
synonym: "reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72241]
synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [GO:0021723]
xref: ABA:MDRN
xref: BM:Me-MeRF
xref: FMA:72241
xref: GAID:588
xref: MA:0001049
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1020
xref: SCTID:369059009
xref: TAO:0000421
xref: ZFA:0000421
is_a: UBERON:0002275  ! reticular formation
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0002275  ! reticular formation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002560
name: temporal operculum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "facies supratemporalis" EXACT [FMA:74891]
synonym: "operculum temporale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Operculum_%28brain%29]
xref: FMA:74891
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1025
xref: SCTID:369222001
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002561
name: neuraxis cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "The cavity that is enclosed by the central nervous system. In vertebrates this is the cavity that includes as parts ventricular cavities and the central canal of the spinal cord that develops from the lumen of the neura tube" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "cavity of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:75007]
synonym: "cavity of ventricular system of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:75007]
synonym: "neuraxis cavity" EXACT [FMA:75007]
synonym: "neuraxis lumen" EXACT []
xref: FMA:75007
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1029
is_a: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003842 ! neural tube lumen
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002562
name: superior frontal sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior frontal sulcus is a sulcus between the superior frontal gyrus and the middle frontal gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_frontal_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sulcus f1" EXACT [FMA:83755]
synonym: "sulcus frontalis primus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1030]
synonym: "sulcus frontalis superior" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1030, Wikipedia:Superior_frontal_sulcus]
synonym: "superior frontal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83755]
xref: FMA:83755
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1030
xref: SCTID:279342009
xref: UMLS:C0228198
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray726_Superior_frontal_sulcus.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Gray726_Superior_frontal_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray726_Superior_frontal_sulcus.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Frontal_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002563
name: central nucleus of inferior colliculus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "chief nucleus of inferior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72413]
synonym: "inferior colliculus, central nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72413]
synonym: "nucleus of inferior colliculus (crosby)" EXACT []
xref: ABA:ICc
xref: BM:MB-Tec-ICC
xref: FMA:72413
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1035
is_a: UBERON:0002917  ! regional part of inferior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002571

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002564
name: lateral orbital gyrus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:62418
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1036
xref: SCTID:279195001
is_a: UBERON:0007193  ! orbital gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002565
name: olivary pretectal nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The pretectum, also known as the pretectal area, is a region of neurons found between the thalamus and midbrain. It receives binocular sensory input from retinal ganglion cells of the eyes, and is the region responsible for maintaining the pupillary light reflex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olivary_pretectal_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior pretectal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72405]
synonym: "nucleus pretectalis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72405, FMA:TA]
synonym: "olivary nucleus of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72405]
synonym: "pretectal olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72405]
xref: ABA:OP
xref: BM:MB-Tec-OPT
xref: FMA:72405
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1037
is_a: UBERON:0003047  ! regional part of pretectal region
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002711
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002996
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006848

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002566
name: superior precentral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "precentral dimple" EXACT [FMA:83763]
synonym: "sulcus praecentralis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1038]
synonym: "sulcus precentralis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1038]
synonym: "superior part of precentral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83763]
xref: FMA:83763
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1038
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002567
name: basal part of pons
namespace: uberon
synonym: "basal portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244]
synonym: "base of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244]
synonym: "basilar part of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244]
synonym: "pars basilaris pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72244, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pons proper" EXACT [FMA:72244]
synonym: "ventral portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244]
xref: FMA:72244
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1043
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002152 ! middle cerebellar peduncle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002568
name: amiculum of dentate nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dentate nuclear amiculum" EXACT [FMA:72546]
xref: FMA:72546
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1044
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002569
name: transverse temporal sulcus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:83782
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1045
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002570
name: medial orbital gyrus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:62419
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1046
xref: SCTID:279194002
is_a: UBERON:0007193  ! orbital gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002571
name: external nucleus of inferior colliculus
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:ICe
xref: BM:MB-Tec-ICX
xref: FMA:72412
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1047
is_a: UBERON:0002917  ! regional part of inferior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002563

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002572
name: principal pretectal nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72402
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1048
is_a: UBERON:0003047  ! regional part of pretectal region
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002573
name: pontine reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "The reticular formation is a part of the brain that is involved in actions such as awaking/sleeping cycle, and filtering incoming stimuli to discriminate irrelevant background stimuli. It is essential for governing some of the basic functions of higher organisms, and is one of the phylogenetically oldest portions of the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_reticular_formation]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pons of varolius reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pons reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pontine reticular nucleus" EXACT [ABA:PRNr]
synonym: "reticular formation of pons" EXACT [FMA:68876]
synonym: "reticular formation of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: ABA:PRNr
xref: BM:Pons-PRF
xref: FMA:68876
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1050
xref: SCTID:362403007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gray701.png/200px-Gray701.png
is_a: UBERON:0002275  ! reticular formation
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002275  ! reticular formation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002574
name: regional part of inferior olivary complex
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a inferior olivary complex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "inferior olivary complex segment" EXACT [FMA:71259]
synonym: "segment of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1052]
xref: FMA:71259
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1052
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002127 ! inferior olivary complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002127 ! inferior olivary complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002575
name: posterior orbital gyrus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:80184
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1054
xref: SCTID:279197009
is_a: UBERON:0007193  ! orbital gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002577
name: pericentral nucleus of inferior colliculus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cortex of inferior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72411]
xref: BM:MB-Tec-ICP
xref: FMA:72411
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1056
is_a: UBERON:0002917  ! regional part of inferior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002578
name: sublentiform nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72404
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1057
is_a: UBERON:0003047  ! regional part of pretectal region
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002579
name: regional part of medullary reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a medullary reticular formation [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "medullary reticular formation segment" EXACT [FMA:73730]
synonym: "segment of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1060]
xref: FMA:73730
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1060
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 ! medullary reticular formation
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002559 ! medullary reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002580
name: brachium of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The brachium of superior colliculus (or superior brachium) extends lateralward from the superior colliculus, and, passing between the pulvinar and medial geniculate body, is partly continued into an eminence called the lateral geniculate body, and partly into the optic tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_superior_colliculus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "brachium colliculi superioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_superior_colliculus]
synonym: "superior brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417]
synonym: "superior collicular brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417]
synonym: "superior colliculus brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417]
synonym: "superior quadrigeminal brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417]
xref: BM:MB-BSC
xref: FMA:72417
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1065
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG
is_a: UBERON:0006786  ! white matter of superior colliculus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002582
name: anterior calcarine sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior calcarine fissure" EXACT [FMA:83750]
synonym: "sulcus calcarinus anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1072]
xref: FMA:83750
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1072
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002583
name: commissure of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "A commissure that is part of a superior colliculus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior corpus quadrigeminum commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "commissure of anterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "commissure of anterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "commissure of cranial colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "commissure of optic tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "commissure of superior colliculi" EXACT [FMA:72418]
synonym: "cranial colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intertectal commissure" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0000684]
synonym: "optic tectum commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior colliculus commissure" EXACT [FMA:72418]
xref: BM:MB-Tec-SC-SCX
xref: FMA:72418
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1073
xref: SCTID:369258008
xref: TAO:0000684
xref: ZFA:0000684
is_a: UBERON:0005970  ! brain commissure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002584
name: regional part of vestibular nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a vestibular nuclear complex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "segment of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1080]
synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex segment" EXACT [FMA:71267]
xref: FMA:71267
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1080
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002673 ! vestibular nuclear complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002673 ! vestibular nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002585
name: central tegmental tract of midbrain
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72456
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1081
xref: SCTID:369243000
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002586
name: calcarine sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The calcarine fissure is an anatomical landmark located at the caudal end of the medial surface of the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Calcarine_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "calcarine fissure" EXACT [FMA:83749]
synonym: "sulcus calcarinus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1086]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-CAS
xref: FMA:83749
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1086
xref: SCTID:279355005
xref: UMLS:C0228224
xref: ncithesaurus:Calcarine_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002587
name: nucleus subceruleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus subcaeruleus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72479, FMA:TA]
synonym: "subcaerulean nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72479]
synonym: "subceruleus nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "subcoeruleus nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:SLC
xref: FMA:72479
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1088
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002588
name: decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003032
def: "Regional part of superior cerebellar peduncle located in the caudal midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus, consisting of a large bundle of fibers crossing the midline.  It contains fibers projecting from the deep cerebellar nucleus to the midbrain and thalamus through the superior cerebellar peduncle (MM). The decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle is the portion of the superior cerebellar peduncle which crosses into the midbrain. [WP,unvetted]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1089, Wikipedia:Decussation_of_superior_cerebellar_peduncle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Wernekink's decussation" EXACT [FMA:72455]
synonym: "decussatio pedunculorum cerebellarium superiorum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72455, FMA:TA]
synonym: "decussation of brachium conjunctivum" EXACT [FMA:72455]
synonym: "decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles" EXACT [FMA:72455]
synonym: "superior cerebellar peduncle decussation" EXACT [FMA:72455]
xref: BM:BCX
xref: FMA:72455
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1089
xref: SCTID:369252009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gray711.png/200px-Gray711.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0007418  ! decussation of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002150 ! superior cerebellar peduncle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002589
name: lateral corticospinal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral corticospinal tract (also called the crossed pyramidal tract or lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus) is the largest part of the corticospinal tract. It extends throughout the entire length of the medulla spinalis, and on transverse section appears as an oval area in front of the posterior column and medial to the posterior spinocerebellar tract. Its fibres arise from cells in the motor area of the cerebral hemisphere of the opposite side. They pass downward in company with those of the anterior corticospinal tract through the same side of the brain as that from which they originate, but they cross to the opposite side in the medulla oblongata and descend in the lateral funiculus of the medulla spinalis. The lateral corticospinal tract controls movement of contralateral limbs. Control of more central axial and girdle muscles comes from the anterior corticospinal tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_corticospinal_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lateral pyramidal tract" EXACT [FMA:72635]
synonym: "tractus corticospinalis lateralis, fasciculus cerebrospinalis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_corticospinal_tract]
xref: FMA:72635
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1095
xref: SCTID:369091005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002590
name: prepyriform area
namespace: uberon
synonym: "(pre-)piriform cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097]
synonym: "gyrus olfactorius lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62484, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lateral olfactory gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62484]
synonym: "piriform cortex (price)" EXACT []
synonym: "piriform olfactory cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097]
synonym: "prepiriform cortex" EXACT [FMA:62484]
synonym: "prepyriform cortex" EXACT [FMA:62484]
synonym: "pyriform area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097]
xref: ABA:PIR
xref: BM:Tel-PRP
xref: FMA:62484
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097
xref: SCTID:369104008
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002591
name: oral part of spinal trigeminal nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:SPVO
xref: FMA:235322
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1100
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002592
name: juxtarestiform body
namespace: uberon
def: "The juxtarestiform body is a subdivision of the inferior cerebellar peduncle, which comprises both the juxtarestiform and restiform bodies. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Juxtarestiform_body]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:72613
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1101
xref: SCTID:110687007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray677.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002593
name: orbital operculum
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:74887
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1102
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002594
name: dentatothalamic tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The dentatothalamic tract (or dentatorubrothalamic tract) is a tract which connects the dentate nucleus and the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dentatothalamic_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dentatothalamic fibers" EXACT [FMA:72462]
synonym: "tractus dentatothalamicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dentatothalamic_tract]
xref: FMA:72462
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1104
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002596
name: ventral posterior nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral posterior nucleus is the somato-sensory relay nucleus in thalamus of the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_posterior_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus ventrales posteriores" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1116]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1116]
synonym: "ventral posterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62187]
synonym: "ventrobasal complex" EXACT [FMA:62187]
synonym: "ventrobasal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62187]
xref: BM:Die-Th-VPI
xref: BTO:0004373
xref: BTO:0004374
xref: EV:0100209
xref: FMA:62187
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1116
xref: SCTID:279147005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002776 ! ventral nuclear group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002597
name: principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The principal sensory nucleus (or chief sensory nucleus of V) is a group of second order neurons which have cell bodies in the dorsal Pons. It receives information about discriminative sensation and light touch of the face as well as conscious proprioception of the jaw via first order neurons of CN V. Most of the sensory information crosses the midline and travels to the contralateral ventral posteriomedial (VPM) of the thalamus via the Ventral Trigeminothalamic Tract, but information of the oral cavity travels to the ipsilateral Ventral Posteriomedial (VPM) of the thalamus via the Dorsal Trigeminothalamic Tract. [WP,unvetted]." [GO:0021730, Wikipedia:Chief_sensory_nucleus]
comment: GO has pontine nucleus as a child of trigeminal sensory nucleus, WP says this is a synonym, but we have a separate class for this - UBERON:0002151
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "chief sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533]
synonym: "main sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533]
synonym: "main sensory nucleus of cranial nerve v" EXACT []
synonym: "pontine nucleus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [GO:0021740, Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nuclei]
synonym: "principal sensory nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:54533]
synonym: "principal sensory trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533]
synonym: "principal trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533]
synonym: "superior trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533]
synonym: "superior trigeminal sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533]
synonym: "trigeminal V chief sensory nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002740]
synonym: "trigeminal V principal sensory nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002740]
synonym: "trigeminal nerve superior sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533]
xref: ABA:PSV
xref: BM:VP
xref: EHDAA2:0004628
xref: EV:0100274
xref: FMA:54533
xref: MA:0002740
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1120
xref: SCTID:369031008
xref: UMLS:C0228701
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Principal_Sensory_Nucleus_of_the_Trigeminal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004132  ! trigeminal sensory nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002128
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006840
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007634

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002598
name: paracentral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sulcus subcentralis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1121]
xref: FMA:83762
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1121
xref: SCTID:369228002
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002599
name: medial olfactory gyrus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:74509
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1127
xref: SCTID:369103002
is_a: UBERON:0000200  ! gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002600
name: limbic lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "The limbic lobe (also known as the Cingulate) is a portion of the brain associated with functions such as olfaction and emotion. It contains parts of other lobes, including the frontal, parietal, and temporal. Its main components are the fornicate gyrus, the hippocampus, and the amygdala It is related to the term limbic system, but unlike that term, 'limbic lobe' is a part of the Terminologia Anatomica, and there is less disagreement over what is included in the 'limbic lobe' than there is over what is included in the 'limbic system'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Limbic_lobe]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fornicate gyrus" EXACT [FMA:72719]
synonym: "grande lobe limbique of broca" EXACT []
synonym: "limbic lobe (carpenter)" EXACT []
synonym: "lobus limbicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Limbic_lobe]
xref: FMA:72719
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1128
xref: SCTID:279215006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Human_brain_inferior-medial_view_description.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Human_brain_inferior-medial_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_inferior-medial_view_description.JPG
is_a: UBERON:0003022  ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002601
name: fasciolar gyrus
namespace: uberon
def: "a small paired band that passes around the splenium of the corpus callosum from the lateral longitudinal stria to the dentate gyrus[Biology-Online]. A posterior and upward extension of the dentate gyrus, forming a transitional area between the dentate gyrus and the indusium griseum[BTO]." [BTO:0002497, http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Fasciolar_gyrus]
comment: TODO - existing definitions, synonyms and relationships in existing AOs seem contradictory; to be resolved. We take the dentate gyrus relationship from BTO, and it is also implied by the FMA synonym. However, FMA says archiortex (embryonic archicortex corresponds to the cortex of the dentate gyrus and hippocampus) and NIF says limbic lobe (which is more general than hippocampus). ABA xref made on basis of BTO related synonym
synonym: "fasciola cinerea" RELATED [BTO:0002497]
synonym: "gyrus fasciolaris" RELATED [BTO:0002497]
synonym: "retrosplenial gyrus of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:61921]
xref: ABA:FC
xref: BTO:0002497
xref: FMA:61921
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1129
xref: SCTID:279210001
is_a: UBERON:0000200  ! gyrus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001885
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001954

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002602
name: emboliform nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The emboliform nucleus lies immediately to the medial side of the nucleus dentatus, and partly covering its hilus. It is one among the four pairs of cerebellar nuclei, which are from lateral to medial: the dentate, interposed (emboliform and globose), and fastigial nuclei. These nuclei can be seen using the Weigert method staining. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Emboliform_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior interposed nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72538]
synonym: "anterior interpositus nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72538]
synonym: "nucleus emboliformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Emboliform_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus interpositus anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72538, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:72538
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1135
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png
is_a: UBERON:0008995  ! nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002603
name: paraterminal gyrus
namespace: uberon
def: "The paraterminal gyrus (subcallosal gyrus, peduncle of the corpus callosum) is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the lamina terminalis, behind the parolfactory area, and below the rostrum of the corpus callosum. It is continuous around the genu of the corpus callosum with the supracallosal gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Paraterminal_gyrus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gyrus paraterminalis, gyrus subcallosus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paraterminal_gyrus]
synonym: "precommissural hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:61919]
synonym: "subcallosal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61919]
xref: FMA:61919
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1138
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png
is_a: UBERON:0002665  ! supracallosal gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002604
name: ventral nucleus of lateral lemniscus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral lemniscus is a tract of axons in the brainstem that carries information about sound from the cochlear nucleus to various brainstem nuclei and ultimately the contralateral inferior colliculus of the midbrain. Three distinct, primarily inhibitory, cellular groups are located interspersed within these fibers, and are thus named the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_nucleus_of_the_lateral_lemniscus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior nucleus of lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72484]
synonym: "nucleus anterior lemnisci lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72484, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, ventral part" EXACT [ABA:NLLv]
synonym: "ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72484]
xref: ABA:NLLv
xref: BM:LLV
xref: FMA:72484
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1140
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lateral_lemniscus.PNG/200px-Lateral_lemniscus.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0006840  ! nucleus of lateral lemniscus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002605
name: precentral operculum
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:74888
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1141
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002606
name: neuropil
namespace: uberon
def: "A dense intricate feltwork of interwoven fine glial processes, fibrils, synaptic terminals, axons, and dendrites interspersed among the nerve cells of the central nervous system[MESH]" [MESH:A08.637.500, Wikipedia:Neuropil]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "neuropilus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neuropil]
xref: FBbt:00005139
xref: FMA:261269
xref: GAID:740
xref: MESH:A08.637.500
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1142
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao205380252
xref: SCTID:67146008
xref: UMLS:C0228081
xref: ncithesaurus:Neuropil
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002607
name: superior rostral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sulcus rostralis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1143]
xref: FMA:83766
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1143
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002608
name: caudal part of ventral lateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus dorsooralis (van buren)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis, pars caudalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144]
synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62194]
synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62194]
xref: FMA:62194
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002609
name: spinothalamic tract of midbrain
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72463
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1150
xref: SCTID:369090006
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007703 ! spinothalamic tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002610
name: cochlear nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The cochlear nuclei consist of: (a) the dorsal cochlear nucleus, corresponding to the tuberculum acusticum on the dorso-lateral surface of the inferior peduncle; and (b) the ventral or accessory cochlear nucleus, placed between the two divisions of the nerve, on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_nuclei]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cochlear nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72240]
synonym: "nuclei cochleares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cochlear_nuclei]
xref: ABA:CN
xref: BM:Me-Co
xref: EV:0100260
xref: FMA:72240
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1151
xref: UMLS:C0152411
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray691.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Nuclei
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002611
name: obsolete node of ranvier
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Node_of_ranvier]
is_obsolete: true
comment: in GO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ranvier node" EXACT [FMA:67368]
synonym: "ranvier's node" EXACT [FMA:67368]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002612
name: transverse orbital sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sulcus orbitalis transversus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1155]
xref: FMA:83771
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1155
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002613
name: globose nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The globose nucleus is one of the deep cerebellar nuclei. It is located medial to the emboliform nucleus and lateral to the fastigial nucleus. This nucleus contains primarily large and small multipolar neurons. The globose nucleus and emboliform nucleus are occasionally referred to collectively as the interposed nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Globose_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus globosus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Globose_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus interpositus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72536, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior interposed nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72536]
synonym: "posterior interpositus nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72536]
xref: FMA:72536
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1158
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png
is_a: UBERON:0008995  ! nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002614
name: medial part of ventral lateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami, pars medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159]
synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis medialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159]
synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62195]
synonym: "ventral medial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62195]
synonym: "ventral medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159]
xref: ABA:VM
xref: BM:Die-Th-VM
xref: FMA:62195
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002615
name: ventral tegmental decussation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior tegmental decussation" EXACT [FMA:72452]
synonym: "decussatio tegmentalis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72452, FMA:TA]
synonym: "decussation of forel" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral tegmental decussation of forel" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72452
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1163
xref: SCTID:369249001
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0007418  ! decussation of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002616
name: regional part of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brain part" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis segment" EXACT [FMA:55676]
synonym: "segment of brain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1167]
xref: FMA:55676
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1167
xref: SCTID:384763002
xref: UMLS:C0445620
xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Part
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002617
name: pars postrema of ventral lateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus dorsointermedius externus magnocellularis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs postremus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami, pars postrema" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170]
synonym: "posterodorsal part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus (pars postrema)" EXACT [FMA:62196]
xref: FMA:62196
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002618
name: trochlear nerve fibers
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002674
synonym: "central part of trochlear nerve" EXACT [FMA:71116]
synonym: "trochlear nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:71116]
synonym: "trochlear nerve root" EXACT [FMA:71116]
synonym: "trochlear nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:71116]
xref: FMA:71116
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1172
is_a: UBERON:0006843  ! root of cranial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002619
name: regional part of cerebral cortex
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003208
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebral cortex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - check MA term
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "cerebral cortex part" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebral cortex region" RELATED [MA:0000187]
synonym: "neocortex region" EXACT [MA:0000187]
synonym: "region of cerebral cortex" EXACT [FMA:242193]
synonym: "segment of cerebral cortex" NARROW [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1173]
xref: FMA:242193
xref: MA:0000187
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1173
xref: SCTID:119408004
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002620
name: tuber cinereum
namespace: uberon
def: "The tuber cinereum is a hollow eminence of gray matter situated between the mammilary bodies and the optic chiasm. The tuber cinereum is part of the hypothalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tuber_cinereum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:62327
xref: GAID:649
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.352.870
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1189
xref: SCTID:362381006
xref: UMLS:C0041283
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray724.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray724.png/200px-Gray724.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tuber_Cinereum
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002621
name: regional part of cochlear nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cochlear nuclear complex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex segment" EXACT [FMA:83952]
synonym: "segment of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1195]
xref: FMA:83952
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1195
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002610 ! cochlear nuclear complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002610 ! cochlear nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002622
name: preoptic periventricular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The preoptic periventricular nucleus is located along the midline and is medial to the medial preoptic nucleus.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area#Preoptic_periventricular_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus preopticus periventricularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62324, FMA:TA]
synonym: "periventricular preoptic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62324]
synonym: "preoptic periventricular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62324]
xref: FMA:62324
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1201
xref: SCTID:369127000
is_a: UBERON:0007251  ! preoptic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002623
name: cerebral peduncle
namespace: uberon
def: "The cerebral peduncle, by most classifications, is everything in the mesencephalon except the tectum. The region includes the midbrain tegmentum, crus cerebri, substantia nigra and pretectum. By this definition, the cerebral peduncles are also known as the basis pedunculi, while the large ventral bundle of efferent fibers is referred to as the crus cerebri or the pes pedunculi There are numerous nerve tracts located within this section of the brainstem. Of note, in the cerebral peduncular loop fibers from motor areas of the brain project to the cerebral peduncle and then project to various thalamic nuclei. In as much as the peduncles are an anatomic landmark, for details regarding the function of this area interested readers are referred to the individual referenced articles. On a broad scale, though, this area contains many nerve tracts conveying motor information to and from the brain to the rest of the body. Important fibers running through the cerebral peduncles include the corticospinal tract and the corticobulbar tract, among others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_peduncle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cerebral peduncle" EXACT [FMA:62394]
synonym: "peduncle of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:62394]
synonym: "pedunculus cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62394, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Cerebral_peduncle]
xref: BM:CP
xref: BTO:0004676
xref: EFO:0001987
xref: FMA:62394
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1202
xref: SCTID:362391000
xref: UMLS:C0007793
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray689.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray689.png/200px-Gray689.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Peduncle
is_a: UBERON:0007417  ! peduncle of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002624
name: orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part" EXACT [FMA:61982]
synonym: "pars orbitalis gyri frontalis inferioris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1207]
xref: FMA:61982
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1207
xref: UMLS:C0262300
xref: ncithesaurus:Orbital_Part_of_the_Inferior_Frontal_Gyrus
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002625
name: median preoptic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The median preoptic nucleus is located along the midline in a position significantly dorsal to the other 3 preoptic nuclei, at least in the macaca fascicularis brain. It wraps around the top (dorsal), front, and bottom (ventral) surfaces of the anterior commissure. The median preoptic nucleus generates thirst. Drinking decreases noradrenaline release in the median preoptic nucleus." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area#Median_preoptic_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: ABA:MEPO
xref: BM:MPO
xref: FMA:62323
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1208
is_a: UBERON:0007251  ! preoptic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002626
name: head of caudate nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "caput (caudatus)" EXACT [FMA:61852]
synonym: "caudate nuclear head" EXACT [FMA:61852]
xref: EMAPA:18547
xref: FMA:61852
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1212
xref: SCTID:279298007
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002627
name: capsule of medial geniculate body
namespace: uberon
synonym: "capsula corporis geniculati medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1214]
synonym: "medial geniculate body capsule" EXACT [FMA:62049]
xref: FMA:62049
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1214
is_a: UBERON:0003931  ! diencephalic white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002628
name: tail of caudate nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "caudate nuclear tail" EXACT [FMA:61854]
xref: EMAPA:18548
xref: FMA:61854
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1215
xref: SCTID:279299004
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002629
name: triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "pars triangularis gyri frontalis inferioris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1216]
xref: FMA:61980
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1216
xref: UMLS:C0262350
xref: ncithesaurus:Triangular_Part_of_the_Inferior_Frontal_Gyrus
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002630
name: body of caudate nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "caudate nuclear body" EXACT [FMA:61853]
synonym: "corpus (caudatus)" EXACT [FMA:61853]
xref: FMA:61853
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1217
xref: SCTID:314175006
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002631
name: cerebral crus
namespace: uberon
def: "The cerebral crus is the anterior portion of the cerebral peduncle which contains the motor tracts, the plural of which is cerebral crura. In some older texts, it is used as a synonym for the entire cerebral peduncle, not just the anterior portion of it. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_crus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "base of cerebral peduncle" RELATED [BTO:0004677]
synonym: "cerebral peduncle (clinical definition)" EXACT [FMA:72464]
synonym: "crura cerebri" EXACT [MA:0001056]
synonym: "crus cerebri" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0004677, EV:0100243, Wikipedia:Cerebral_crus]
xref: BTO:0004677
xref: EV:0100243
xref: FMA:72464
xref: MA:0001056
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1218
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Crus_Cerebri
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002623 ! cerebral peduncle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002632
name: medial part of medial mammillary nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus (carpenter)" EXACT []
synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62345]
synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus, median part" EXACT [FMA:62345]
synonym: "medial subdivision of medial mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62345]
xref: ABA:Mmme
xref: FMA:62345
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1220
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002633
name: motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The trigeminal motor nucleus contains motor neurons that innervate muscles of the first branchial arch, namely the muscles of mastication, the tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, and anterior belly of the digastric." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_motor_nucleus]
comment: note this in ZFA this is part of the medulla; pons is a dubious structure for zebrafish
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "motor nucleus V" EXACT [ZFA:0001365]
synonym: "motor nucleus of cranial nerve v" EXACT []
synonym: "motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:54562]
synonym: "motor trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [BTO:0001075]
synonym: "nV" EXACT [ZFA:0001365]
synonym: "nucleus motorius nervi trigemini" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54562, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Trigeminal_motor_nucleus]
synonym: "trigeminal V motor nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001029]
synonym: "trigeminal motor nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001365]
synonym: "trigeminal motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0001365]
xref: ABA:V
xref: BM:Vm
xref: BTO:0001075
xref: EV:0100273
xref: FMA:54562
xref: MA:0001029
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1222
xref: SCTID:38390003
xref: TAO:0001365
xref: UMLS:C0228700
xref: VHOG:0001355
xref: ZFA:0001365
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Motor_Nucleus_of_the_Trigeminal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0002925  ! trigeminal nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002925 ! trigeminal nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002634
name: anterior nucleus of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Anterior hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. Its function is thermoregulation (the maintenance of body temperature between certain parameters) of the body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_hypothalamic_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior hypothalamic area" EXACT [FMA:62319]
synonym: "anterior hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62319]
synonym: "area hypothalamica rostralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62319, FMA:TA]
synonym: "fundamental gray substance" EXACT [FMA:62319]
synonym: "nucleus anterior hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002450, Wikipedia:Anterior_hypothalamic_nucleus]
synonym: "parvocellular nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62319]
xref: ABA:AHN
xref: BM:Die-Hy-HAA
xref: BTO:0002450
xref: EV:0100231
xref: FMA:62319
xref: GAID:642
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.063
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1226
xref: SCTID:369133009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007251  ! preoptic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002635
name: regional part of midbrain tegmentum
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a midbrain tegmentum." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "midbrain tegmentum segment" EXACT [FMA:62399]
synonym: "segment of midbrain tegmentum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1227]
xref: FMA:62399
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1227
is_a: UBERON:0002950  ! regional part of midbrain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002636
name: lateral pulvinar nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral pulvinar nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62181]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris lateralis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris thalami, pars lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228]
xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Pll
xref: FMA:62181
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002637
name: ventral anterior nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral anterior nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_anterior_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus lateropolaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior thalami" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232, Wikipedia:Ventral_anterior_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis thalami anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232]
synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62184]
synonym: "ventral anterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62184]
synonym: "ventroanterior nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT []
synonym: "ventroanterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232]
xref: BM:Die-Th-VA
xref: BTO:0002468
xref: EV:0100199
xref: FMA:62184
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232
xref: SCTID:279131008
xref: UMLS:C0175276
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ventroanterior_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002638
name: medial pulvinar nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris thalami, pars medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233]
xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Plm
xref: FMA:62182
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002639
name: midbrain reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "A reticular formation that is part of a midbrain." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular formation of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:62406]
synonym: "tegmental reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:62406]
xref: BM:MB-MBRF
xref: FMA:62406
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1235
xref: SCTID:369234009
is_a: UBERON:0002275  ! reticular formation
is_a: UBERON:0002635  ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002142 ! pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002275  ! reticular formation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002640
name: cuneocerebellar tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior external arcuate fibers (dorsal external arcuate fibers) take origin in the gracile and cuneate nuclei; they pass to the inferior peduncle of the same side. It is uncertain whether fibers are continued directly from the gracile and cuneate fasciculi into the inferior peduncle. The term 'cuneocerebellar tract' is sometimes used to collectively refer to the posterior external arcuate fibers. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cuneocerebellar_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cuneocerebellar fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1238]
xref: FMA:72637
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1238
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Gray699.png/200px-Gray699.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002641
name: oral pulvinar nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior pulvinar nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62180]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62180, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1239]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris oralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1239]
synonym: "oral nuclear group of pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62180]
synonym: "oral part of pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62180]
synonym: "oral portion of pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62180]
xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Pla
xref: FMA:62180
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1239
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002642
name: cuneate fasciculus of medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "A cuneate fasciculus that is part of a medulla oblongata." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - change definition to be the *whole* of the CF in the MO. isa parentage to fasciculus of brain should be inferred
xref: FMA:72623
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1242
is_a: UBERON:0005832  ! cuneate fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0005838  ! fasciculus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0005832  ! cuneate fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002643
name: decussation of medial lemniscus
namespace: uberon
def: "The sensory decussation or decussation of the lemniscus is a decussation or cross over of axons from the gracile nucleus and cuneate nucleus. The fibres of this decussation are called the internal arcuate fibres and are found at the superior aspect of the closed medulla superior to the motor decussation. It is part of the second neuron in the Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sensory_decussation]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "decussatio lemnisci medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sensory_decussation]
synonym: "decussation of lemnisci" EXACT [FMA:72622]
synonym: "decussation of lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72622]
synonym: "decussation of medial lemnisci" EXACT [FMA:72622]
synonym: "medial lemniscus decussation" EXACT [FMA:72622]
synonym: "medullary sensory decussation" EXACT [FMA:72622]
synonym: "sensory decussation" EXACT [FMA:72622]
xref: BM:Me-LMX
xref: FMA:72622
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1245
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray759.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray759.png/200px-Gray759.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0007418  ! decussation of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002644
name: intermediate orbital gyrus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:80183
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1247
is_a: UBERON:0007193  ! orbital gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002645
name: densocellular part of medial dorsal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis paralamellaris (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1255]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars densocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1255]
xref: FMA:62163
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1255
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002646
name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a medulla [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bundle of Schutz of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72617
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1257
is_a: UBERON:0003045  ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0003045  ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002647
name: magnocellular part of medial dorsal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62161]
synonym: "magnocellular mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62161]
synonym: "magnocellular nucleus of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62161]
synonym: "magnocellular part of dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62161]
synonym: "magnocellular part of mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262]
synonym: "nucleus medialis fibrosus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262]
synonym: "nucleus medialis fibrosus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262]
synonym: "pars magnocellularis nuclei mediodorsalis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62161, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:62161
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002739 ! medial dorsal nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002648
name: anterior median eminence
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:74870
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1264
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002649
name: dorsolateral fasciculus of medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Lissauer's_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dorsolateral tract" EXACT [FMA:72616]
synonym: "lissauer's tract" EXACT [FMA:72616]
synonym: "posterolateral fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72616]
synonym: "posterolateral tract" EXACT [FMA:72616]
synonym: "tract of lissauer" EXACT []
synonym: "tractus posterolateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72616, FMA:TA]
synonym: "zone of lissauer" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72616
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1267
xref: SCTID:369287009
xref: UMLS:C0228587
xref: ncithesaurus:Tract_of_Lissauer
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002650
name: paralaminar part of medial dorsal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, paralaminar part" EXACT [FMA:62160]
synonym: "mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, paralaminar part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis caudalis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis thalami, pars multiformis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars multiformis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars paralaminaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276]
synonym: "paralaminar part of dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62160]
synonym: "paralaminar part of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62160]
synonym: "pars paralaminaris nuclei mediodorsalis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62160, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars paralaminaris of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62160]
synonym: "ventral mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62160]
xref: FMA:62160
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002651
name: anterior horn of lateral ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior cornu (frontal horn, anterior horn; precornu) of the lateral ventricle passes forward and lateralward, with a slight inclination downward, from the interventricular foramen into the frontal lobe, curving around the anterior end of the caudate nucleus. Its floor is formed by the upper surface of the reflected portion of the corpus callosum, the rostrum. It is bounded medially by the anterior portion of the septum pellucidum, and laterally by the head of the caudate nucleus. Its apex reaches the posterior surface of the genu of the corpus callosum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:74520]
synonym: "cornu anterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle]
synonym: "cornu anterius ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74520, FMA:TA]
synonym: "frontal horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:74520]
xref: FMA:74520
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1279
xref: SCTID:279247001
xref: UMLS:C0152281
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray735.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray735.png/200px-Gray735.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Horn_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0002285  ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002652
name: posterior median eminence
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:74875
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1280
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002653
name: gracile fasciculus of medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "A gracile fasciculus that is part of a medulla oblongata." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "column of goll" EXACT []
synonym: "fasciculus of goll" EXACT []
synonym: "goll's tract" EXACT [FMA:72624]
synonym: "gracile fascicle (gall)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1282]
synonym: "gracile fascicle of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72624]
synonym: "medulla segment of fasciculus gracilis" EXACT [FMA:72624]
synonym: "medulla segment of gracile fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72624]
synonym: "tract of gall" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72624
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1282
is_a: UBERON:0005821  ! gracile fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0005838  ! fasciculus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0005821  ! gracile fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002654
name: parvicellular part of medial dorsal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62162]
synonym: "lateral mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62162]
synonym: "lateral nucleus of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62162]
synonym: "mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, pars fasciculosa" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis fasciculosis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis nucleus fasciculosis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283]
synonym: "pars parvocellularis lateralis nuclei mediodorsalis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62162, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars principalis nuclei ventralis anterior thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62162, FMA:TA]
synonym: "parvicellular part of dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62162]
synonym: "parvocellular nucleus of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62162]
synonym: "principal division of ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62162]
xref: FMA:62162
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002655
name: body of lateral ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "The body of lateral ventricle (cella) extends from the interventricular foramen to the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section, with a roof, a floor, and a medial wall. The roof is formed by the under surface of the corpus callosum; the floor by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position, from before backward: the caudate nucleus of the corpus striatum, the stria terminalis and the terminal vein, the lateral portion of the upper surface of the thalamus, the choroid plexus, and the lateral part of the fornix; the medial wall is the posterior part of the septum pellucidum, which separates it from the opposite ventricle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Body_of_lateral_ventricle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "central part of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83703]
synonym: "lateral ventricular body" EXACT [FMA:83703]
synonym: "pars centralis ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83703, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Body_of_lateral_ventricle]
xref: FMA:83703
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1287
xref: SCTID:279246005
xref: UMLS:C0152280
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray735.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray735.png/200px-Gray735.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Body_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0002285  ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002656
name: periamygdaloid area
namespace: uberon
synonym: "para-amygdaloid cortex" EXACT [FMA:62485]
synonym: "periamygdaloid cortex" EXACT [FMA:62485]
synonym: "periamygdaloid region" EXACT [FMA:62485]
synonym: "semilunar gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62485]
synonym: "ventral cortical nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:62485]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PAM
xref: FMA:62485
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1291
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002657
name: posterior parahippocampal gyrus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "parahippocampal gyrus (amaral)" EXACT []
synonym: "parahippocampal gyrus (insausti)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1295]
xref: FMA:67966
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1295
is_a: UBERON:0000200  ! gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002658
name: medial lemniscus of midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A medial lemniscus that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72461
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1296
is_a: UBERON:0002635  ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum
is_a: UBERON:0003002  ! medial lemniscus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
intersection_of: UBERON:0003002  ! medial lemniscus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002659
name: superior medullary velum
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior medullary velum (anterior medullary velum, valve of Vieussens) is a thin, transparent of white substance, which stretches between the superior cerebellar peduncles; on the dorsal surface of its lower half the folia and lingula are prolonged. It forms, together with the superior cerebellar peduncle, the roof of the upper part of the fourth ventricle; it is narrow above, where it passes beneath the inferior colliculi, and broader below, where it is continuous with the white substance of the superior vermis. A slightly elevated ridge, the fraenulum veli, descends upon its upper part from between the inferior colliculi, and on either side of this the trochlear nerve emerges. Blood is supplied by branches from the superior cerebellar artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_medullary_velum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior medullary velum" EXACT [FMA:74508]
synonym: "velum medullare superius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_medullary_velum]
xref: FMA:74508
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1300
xref: SCTID:369269006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Gray701.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gray701.png/200px-Gray701.png
is_a: UBERON:0003035  ! regional part of cerebellar white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002660
name: medial longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A medial longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72454
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1302
is_a: UBERON:0002309  ! medial longitudinal fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002309  ! medial longitudinal fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002662
name: medial pes lemniscus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "superficial pes lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72460]
xref: FMA:72460
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1310
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002663
name: septal nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The septal nuclei are structures in the middle anteroventral cerebrum that are composed of medium-size neurons grouped into medial, lateral, and posterior groups. The septal nuclei receive reciprocal connections from the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, midbrain, habenula, cingulate gyrus, and thalamus. The septal nuclei play a role in reward and reinforcement along with the nucleus accumbens. In the 1950s, Olds &amp; Milner showed that rats with electrodes implanted in this area will self-stimulate repeatedly in order to experience a euphoric feeling (i.e. press a bar to receive electrical current that will stimulate the neurons). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Septal_nuclei]
comment: TODO - nucleus vs nuclear complex
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nuclei septales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Septal_nuclei]
synonym: "parolfactory nuclei" EXACT [FMA:61845]
synonym: "septal nuclei" EXACT [FMA:61845]
synonym: "septal nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002978]
xref: EHDAA2:0004709
xref: FMA:61845
xref: GAID:637
xref: MA:0002978
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.750.800
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1313
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000446 ! septum of telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002664
name: lateral part of medial mammillary nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intercalated mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62346]
synonym: "intermediate mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62346]
synonym: "lateral mammillary nucleus (gagel)" EXACT []
synonym: "lateral subdivision of medial mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62346]
synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus, lateral part" EXACT [FMA:62346]
xref: FMA:62346
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1314
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002665
name: supracallosal gyrus
namespace: uberon
def: "The supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum; gyrus epicallosus) consists of a thin layer of grey matter in contact with the dorsal surface of the corpus callosum and continuous laterally with the grey matter of the cingulate gyrus. It contains two longitudinally directed strands of fibers termed respectively the medial and lateral longitudinal striae. The supracallosal gyrus is prolonged around the splenium of the corpus callosum as a delicate lamina, the fasciola cinerea, which is continuous below with the fascia dentata hippocampi. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Supracallosal_gyrus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "supracommissural hippocampal rudiment" EXACT [FMA:61920]
synonym: "supracommissural hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:61920]
xref: BTO:0003738
xref: FMA:61920
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1316
xref: SCTID:369231001
is_a: UBERON:0000200  ! gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002666
name: mesencephalic tract of trigeminal nerve
namespace: uberon
synonym: "mesencephalic root of v" EXACT []
synonym: "mesencephalic trigeminal tract" EXACT [FMA:72489]
xref: FMA:72489
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1318
xref: SCTID:369263007
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002667
name: lateral septal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral parolfactory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61878]
synonym: "lateral septal nucleus (cajal)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321]
synonym: "lateral septum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321]
synonym: "lateral septum nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321]
xref: ABA:LS
xref: BM:Tel-Spt-SLN
xref: FMA:61878
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001878
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007630

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002668
name: oculomotor nerve fibers
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - make subclass of root of cranial nerve
synonym: "central part of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72457]
synonym: "oculomotor nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72457]
synonym: "root of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72457]
xref: FMA:72457
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1323
is_a: UBERON:0002211  ! nerve root
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002669
name: anterior horizontal limb of lateral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior branch of lateral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83760]
synonym: "anterior horizontal limb of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83760]
synonym: "anterior horizontal ramus of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83760]
synonym: "anterior ramus of lateral cerebral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83760]
synonym: "horizontal limb of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83760]
synonym: "horizontal ramus of sylvian fissure" EXACT []
synonym: "ramus anterior sulci lateralis cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83760, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:83760
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1327
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002670
name: anterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior ascending limb of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83759]
synonym: "anterior ascending ramus of lateral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83759]
synonym: "ascending branch of lateral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83759]
synonym: "ascending ramus of lateral cerebral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83759]
synonym: "ascending ramus of sylvian fissure" EXACT []
synonym: "middle ramus of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83759]
synonym: "ramus ascendens sulci lateralis cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83759, FMA:TA]
synonym: "superior branch of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83759]
xref: FMA:83759
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1330
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002671
name: pallidotegmental fasciculus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "pallidotegmental tract" EXACT [FMA:72458]
xref: FMA:72458
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1331
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002672
name: anterior subcentral sulcus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:83765
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1332
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002673
name: vestibular nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The vestibular nuclei are the cranial nuclei for the vestibular nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079612305510069, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3413105&group_id=36855]
comment: Editor notes: In TA they are grouped in both the pons and medulla; WP+MA says the SVN is in the pons, and GO includes VNC development under pons development, but this is not supported by ABA. Todo - check with NIF
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nuclei vestibulares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei]
synonym: "nuclei vestibulares in medulla oblongata" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72239, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vestibular nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72239]
synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:72239]
synonym: "vestibular nucleus" RELATED [GO:0021750]
xref: ABA:VNC
xref: BM:Me-VS
xref: BTO:0004368
xref: EV:0100254
xref: FMA:72239
xref: GAID:602
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.800
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1337
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004681 ! vestibular system
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002675
name: diagonal sulcus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:83758
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1344
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002676
name: ventral supraoptic decussation
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral supraoptic decussation is the crossover point for signals from the left and right eye, en route respectively to the right and left sides of the visual cortex. Occupying the posterior part of the commissure of the optic chiasma is a strand of fibers, the Ventral supraoptic decussation (commissure of Gudden, Gudden's inferior commissure), which is not derived from the optic nerves; it forms a connecting link between the medial geniculate bodies. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_supraoptic_decussation]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Gudden commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052]
synonym: "Gudden's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052]
synonym: "VSOX" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347]
synonym: "commissura supraoptica ventralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62052, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Ventral_supraoptic_decussation]
synonym: "commissure of Gudden" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347]
synonym: "supraoptic commissures, ventral" EXACT [FMA:62052]
synonym: "ventral supra-optic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052]
synonym: "ventral supraoptic commissure (of Meynert)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347]
synonym: "ventral supraoptic decussation" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347]
synonym: "ventral supraoptic decussation of gudden" RELATED [FMA:62052]
synonym: "von Gudden's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052]
xref: FMA:62052
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray722.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray722.png/200px-Gray722.png
is_a: UBERON:0011590  ! commissure of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002550 ! anterior hypothalamic region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002677
name: regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a medullary raphe nuclear complex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex segment" EXACT [FMA:83951]
synonym: "segment of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1349]
xref: FMA:83951
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1349
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 ! medullary raphe nuclear complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002692 ! medullary raphe nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002678
name: regional part of medulla oblongata
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "medullary oblongata segment" EXACT [FMA:71011]
synonym: "segment of medulla oblongata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1355]
xref: FMA:71011
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1355
xref: SCTID:119241003
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002679
name: anterodorsal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterodorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62141]
synonym: "anterodorsal nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358]
synonym: "anterodorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62141]
synonym: "nucleus anterior dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358]
synonym: "nucleus anterior dorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358]
synonym: "nucleus anterior thalami dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358]
synonym: "nucleus anterodorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358]
synonym: "nucleus anterodorsalis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358]
synonym: "nucleus anterodorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358]
synonym: "nucleus anterosuperior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358]
synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anterodorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358]
xref: ABA:AD
xref: BM:Die-Th-AD
xref: FMA:62141
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358
xref: SCTID:279127002
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002681
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002685
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002984

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002680
name: regional part of metencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "metencephalon subdivision" EXACT [FMA:67942]
synonym: "segment of metencephalon" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1361]
xref: FMA:67942
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1361
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002681
name: anteromedial nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anteromedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62142]
synonym: "anteromedial nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365]
synonym: "anteromedial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62142]
synonym: "nucleus anterior medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365]
synonym: "nucleus anterior medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365]
synonym: "nucleus anterior thalami medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365]
synonym: "nucleus anteromedialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365]
synonym: "nucleus anteromedialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365]
synonym: "nucleus anteromedialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365]
synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anteromedialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365]
xref: ABA:AM
xref: BM:Die-AM
xref: FMA:62142
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365
xref: SCTID:279128007
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002679
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002685
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002984

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002682
name: abducens nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The abducens nucleus is the originating nucleus from which the abducens nerve emerges - a cranial nerve nucleus. This nucleus is located beneath the fourth ventricle in the caudal portion of the pons, medial to the sulcus limitans. The abducens nucleus along with the internal genu of the facial nerve make up the facial colliculus, a hump at the caudal end of the medial eminence on the dorsal aspect of the pons. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Abducens_nucleus]
comment: part of medulla oblongata in ABA and ZFA; part of pons in MA and pontine tegmentum in NIF; note that pons/medulla are spatially disjoint in ABA.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "abducens VI nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001010]
synonym: "abducens motor nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000713]
synonym: "abducens motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000713]
synonym: "abducens nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54504]
synonym: "abducent nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54504]
synonym: "motor nucleus VI" EXACT [ZFA:0000713]
synonym: "nVI" EXACT [ZFA:0000713]
synonym: "nucleus nervi abducentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54504, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Abducens_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus of abducens nerve" EXACT [FMA:54504]
synonym: "nucleus of abducens nerve (VI)" EXACT [FMA:54504]
synonym: "sixth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54504]
xref: ABA:VI
xref: BM:Pons-VI
xref: EHDAA2:0004310
xref: EV:0100266
xref: FMA:54504
xref: MA:0001010
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1366
xref: SCTID:280165008
xref: TAO:0000713
xref: UMLS:C0152407
xref: ZFA:0000713
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Abducens_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632
property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain motor nucleus which is the origin of motor axons of cranial nerve VI. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002683
name: rhinal sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "In the human brain, the rhinencephalon appears as a longitudinal elevation, with a corresponding internal furrow, on the under surface of the hemisphere close to the lamina terminalis; it is separated from the lateral surface of the hemisphere by a furrow, the external rhinal fissure (or rhinal sulcus), and is continuous behind with that part of the hemisphere, which will ultimately form the anterior end of the temporal lobe. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Rhinal_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fissura rhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1368]
synonym: "rhinal fissuer (turner, rezius)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1368]
synonym: "rhinal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83746]
synonym: "sulcus rhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1368]
synonym: "sulcus rhinalis; fissura rhinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rhinal_sulcus]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-RS
xref: FMA:83746
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1368
xref: SCTID:279357002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gehirn,_basal_-_beschriftet_lat.svg
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002684
name: nucleus raphe obscurus
namespace: uberon
def: "The raphe obscurus projects to the cerebellar lobes VI and VII and to crus II along with the nucleus raphe pontis . This so called obscure nucleus has also been implicated in the modulation of the hypoglossal nerve. It has been observed that the ablation of this nucleus causes a change in the firing pattern in the XII nerve . In addition, the raphe obscurus mediates expiration via the inhibitory effect of serotonin and depresses periodic synaptic potentials . It has also been shown that this nucleus stimulates gastrointestinal motor function; microinjections of 5-HT into the n.r. obscurus increase gastric movement . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_obscurus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus raphes obscurus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72585, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_obscurus]
synonym: "obscurus raphe nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72585]
synonym: "raphe obscurus nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72585]
xref: ABA:RO
xref: FMA:72585
xref: MA:0002981
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1369
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png
is_a: UBERON:0002677  ! regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 ! medullary raphe nuclear complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002156
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002157

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002685
name: anteroventral nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62143]
synonym: "anteroprincipal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62143]
synonym: "anteroventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62143]
synonym: "anteroventral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372]
synonym: "anteroventral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62143]
synonym: "nucleus anterior thalami ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372]
synonym: "nucleus anterior ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372]
synonym: "nucleus anteroinferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372]
synonym: "nucleus anteroventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372]
synonym: "nucleus anteroventralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372]
synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anteroprincipalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372]
synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anteroventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372]
xref: ABA:AV
xref: BM:Die-AV
xref: EV:0100199
xref: FMA:62143
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372
xref: SCTID:279130009
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002679
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002681
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002984

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002687
name: area X
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anteromedial part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT []
synonym: "area x of olszewski" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs ventralis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis oralis, pars posterior (dewulf)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379]
synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis internus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379]
synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis internus, superior part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379]
xref: FMA:62198
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002689
name: supraoptic crest
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the circumventricular organs of the brain. The OVLT is outside the blood brain barrier, and so neurons in this region can respond to factors that are present in the systemic circulation." [Wikipedia:Organum_vasculosum_of_the_lamina_terminalis, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3474225&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: AO notes: NIF has two classes here
synonym: "organum vasculosum lamina terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100313]
synonym: "organum vasculosum laminae terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62315, FMA:TA]
synonym: "prechiasmatic gland" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1400]
synonym: "vascular organ of lamina terminalis" EXACT [FMA:62315]
xref: ABA:OV
xref: FMA:62315
xref: MA:0003018
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1400
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100313
is_a: UBERON:0003048  ! regional part of hypothalamus
is_a: UBERON:0010135  ! sensory circumventricular organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002550 ! anterior hypothalamic region
relationship: superficial_to UBERON:0000201 ! endothelial blood brain barrier
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002690
name: anteroventral periventricular nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:AVPV
xref: FMA:62314
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1401
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002691
name: ventral tegmental area
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral tegmentum (tegmentum is Latin for covering), better known as the ventral tegmental area (VTA), is a group of neurons located close to the midline on the floor of the midbrain. The VTA, the origin of dopaminergic cell bodies that comprise the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, is widely implicated in the drug and natural reward circuitry of the brain, cognition, motivation, drug addiction, and several psychiatric disorders. The VTA contains neurons that project to numerous areas of the brain, from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to the caudal brainstem and everywhere in between. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_tegmental_area]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ventral tegmental area of tsai" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus (tsai)" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus of tsai" EXACT []
xref: ABA:VTA
xref: BM:MB-VTA
xref: EFO:0001935
xref: FMA:72438
xref: GAID:587
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.822.820
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1415
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Gray712.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gray712.png/200px-Gray712.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002692
name: medullary raphe nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
synonym: "raphe medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68874, FMA:TA]
synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [FMA:68874]
synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:68874]
xref: FMA:68874
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1420
xref: SCTID:362420006
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 ! raphe nuclei

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002693
name: occipitotemporal sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "inferior temporal fissure" EXACT [FMA:74518]
synonym: "inferior temporal fissure (crosby)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1422]
synonym: "inferior temporal sulcus (roberts)" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior temporal sulcus (szikla)" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior temporal sulcus-2" EXACT [FMA:74518]
synonym: "lateral occipitotemporal sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1422]
synonym: "occipito-temporal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:74518]
synonym: "third temporal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:74518]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-OTS
xref: FMA:74518
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1422
xref: SCTID:369220009
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002694
name: anterior hypothalamic commissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior hypothalamic commissure (Ganser)" EXACT [FMA:62053]
synonym: "anterior hypothalamic decussation of Ganser" EXACT [FMA:62053]
xref: FMA:62053
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1424
is_a: UBERON:0011590  ! commissure of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002695
name: parieto-occipital sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "Only a small part of the Parietooccipital Fissure (or parieto-occipital sulcus) is seen on the lateral surface of the hemisphere, its chief part being on the medial surface. The lateral part of the parietooccipital fissure (Fig. 726) is situated about 5 cm. in front of the occipital pole of the hemisphere, and measures about 1.25 cm. in length. The medial part of the parietooccipital fissure (Fig. 727) runs downward and forward as a deep cleft on the medial surface of the hemisphere, and joins the calcarine fissure below and behind the posterior end of the corpus callosum. In most cases it contains a submerged gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parieto-occipital_sulcus]
comment: AO notes - two classes in ncit (in general ncit distinguishes between fissue and sulcus, whereas FMA treats these as exact synonyms)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fissura parieto-occipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428]
synonym: "parieto-occipital fissure" EXACT [FMA:83754]
synonym: "parieto-occipital incisure" EXACT [FMA:83754]
synonym: "parietooccipital sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83754]
synonym: "sulcus parieto-occipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428]
synonym: "sulcus parieto-occipitalis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428]
synonym: "sulcus parietoccipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428]
synonym: "sulcus parietooccipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428]
synonym: "sulcus parietooccipitalis, fissura parietooccipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parieto-occipital_sulcus]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-POS
xref: FMA:83754
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7l_DJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:279354009
xref: UMLS:C1744592
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Gray726_parieto-occipital_sulcus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Gray726_parieto-occipital_sulcus.png/200px-Gray726_parieto-occipital_sulcus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Parieto-occipital_Fissure
xref: ncithesaurus:Parieto-occipital_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002696
name: cuneiform nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "parabigeminal area (mai)" EXACT []
xref: ABA:CUN
xref: BM:MB-CNF
xref: FMA:72427
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1430
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002697
name: dorsal supraoptic decussation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Meynert's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051]
synonym: "commissura supraoptica dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62051, FMA:TA]
synonym: "commissure of Meynert" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal supra-optic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051]
synonym: "dorsal supraoptic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051]
synonym: "dorsal supraoptic commissure (of ganser)" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal supraoptic decussation (of Meynert)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1433]
synonym: "dorsal supraoptic decussation (of ganser)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1433]
synonym: "dorsal supraoptic decussation of Meynert" EXACT []
synonym: "ganser's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051]
synonym: "supraoptic commissure of Meynert" EXACT []
synonym: "supraoptic commissures, dorsal" EXACT [FMA:62051]
xref: FMA:62051
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1433
is_a: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002698
name: preoccipital notch
namespace: uberon
synonym: "incisura parieto-occipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1436]
synonym: "incisura praeoccipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1436]
synonym: "incisura preoccipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1436]
synonym: "occipital notch" EXACT [FMA:83739]
synonym: "preoccipital incisura" EXACT [FMA:83739]
synonym: "preoccipital incisure" EXACT [FMA:83739]
xref: FMA:83739
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1436
xref: SCTID:369229005
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002699
name: supraopticohypophysial tract
namespace: uberon
synonym: "supra-opticohypophysial tract" EXACT [FMA:62054]
synonym: "supraopticohypophyseal tract" EXACT [FMA:62054]
synonym: "tractus supraopticohypophysialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62054, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:62054
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1440
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002700
name: subcuneiform nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "subcuneiform area of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:72428]
xref: FMA:72428
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1441
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002701
name: anterior median oculomotor nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior median nucleus of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72423]
xref: FMA:72423
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1445
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002704
name: metathalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "The metathalamus is a composite structure of the thalamus, consisting of the medial geniculate nucleus and the lateral geniculate nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metathalamus]
comment: note we follow FMA in making this a subtype of nucleus, but in fact it is a group containing two nuclei
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corpora geniculata" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metathalamus]
synonym: "geniculate group of the dorsal thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62023]
synonym: "geniculate thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000868]
synonym: "nuclei metathalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1461]
xref: ABA:GENd
xref: EV:0100217
xref: FMA:62023
xref: MA:0000868
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1461
xref: SCTID:361550004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 ! dorsal thalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002144
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002776

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002705
name: midline nuclear group
namespace: uberon
def: "The midline nuclear group (or midline thalamic nuclei) a region of the thalamus consisting of the following nuclei: paraventricular nucleus of thalamus (nucleus paraventricularis thalami) - not to be confused with paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus paratenial nucleus (nucleus parataenialis) reuniens nucleus (nucleus reuniens) rhomboidal nucleus (nucleus commissuralis rhomboidalis) subfascicular nucleus (nucleus subfascicularis) [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Midline_nuclear_group]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "median nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020]
synonym: "midline nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62020]
synonym: "midline nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020]
synonym: "midline nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020]
synonym: "midline thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000864]
synonym: "nuclei mediani (thalami)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1462]
synonym: "nuclei mediani thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62020, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Midline_nuclear_group]
synonym: "periventricular nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020]
xref: ABA:MTN
xref: BTO:0002454
xref: FMA:62020
xref: MA:0000864
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1462
xref: SCTID:279163002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 ! dorsal thalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002706
name: posterior nucleus of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "area hypothalamica posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62350, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus posterior hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002461]
synonym: "posterior hypothalamic area" EXACT [FMA:62350]
synonym: "posterior hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62350]
xref: ABA:PH
xref: BM:Die-Hy-HPA
xref: BTO:0002461
xref: EV:0100235
xref: FMA:62350
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1463
xref: SCTID:362385002
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002707
name: pyramidal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The corticospinal or pyramidal tract is a collection of axons that travel between the cerebral cortex of the brain and the spinal cord. The corticospinal tract mostly contains motor axons. It actually consists of two separate tracts in the spinal cord: the lateral corticospinal tract and the medial corticospinal tract. An understanding of these tracts leads to an understanding of why for the most part, one side of the body is controlled by the opposite side of the brain. Also the corticobulbar tract is considered to be a pyramidal tract. The corticobulbar tract carries signals that control motor neurons located in cranial nerve brain nuclei rather than motor neurons located in the spinal cord. The neurons of the pyramidal tracts are pyramidal neurons, but that is not how the pyramidal tract got its name, as most of the pyramidal neurons send their axons elsewhere. Instead, it got its name from the shape of the corticospinal axon tracts: when the pyramidal tract passes the medulla, it forms a dense bundle of nerve fibres that is shaped somewhat like a pyramid. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pyramidal_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BM:Me-PyT
xref: FMA:72634
xref: GAID:702
xref: MESH:A08.186.854.633
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1464
xref: SCTID:362325000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gray684.png/200px-Gray684.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002708
name: posterior periventricular nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus periventricularis posterior" RELATED [BTO:0002479]
synonym: "periventricular nucleus, posterior subdivision" EXACT [FMA:62349]
synonym: "posterior periventricular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1466]
synonym: "posterior periventricular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62349]
synonym: "posterior periventricular nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62349]
xref: BTO:0002479
xref: FMA:62349
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1466
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002709
name: posterior nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "caudal thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000325]
synonym: "nuclei posteriores thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1467]
synonym: "posterior complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62024]
synonym: "posterior nuclear complex" EXACT [FMA:62024]
synonym: "posterior nuclear complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62024]
synonym: "posterior nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62024]
synonym: "posterior thalamic nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62024]
synonym: "posterior thalamic nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002462]
xref: ABA:PO
xref: BTO:0002462
xref: FMA:62024
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1467
xref: SCTID:424395006
xref: TAO:0000325
xref: ZFA:0000325
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002983
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003033

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002710
name: cingulate sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The cingulate sulcus is a sulcus (brain fold) on the medial wall of the cerebral cortex. The frontal and parietal lobes are separated by the cingulate sulcus from the cingulate gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cingulate_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "calloso-marginal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83748]
synonym: "callosomarginal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83748]
synonym: "callosomarginal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83748]
synonym: "cingulate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83748]
synonym: "sulcus callosomarginalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1468]
synonym: "sulcus cingulatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1468]
synonym: "sulcus cinguli" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1468, Wikipedia:Cingulate_sulcus]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-CGS
xref: FMA:83748
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1468
xref: SCTID:279350000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Gray727_cingulate_sulcus.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gray727_cingulate_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray727_cingulate_sulcus.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002711
name: nucleus of posterior commissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "posterior commissure nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68463]
xref: ABA:NPC
xref: BM:NPC
xref: FMA:68463
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1470
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002565
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002996
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006848

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002712
name: premammillary nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "premammillary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62348]
xref: FMA:62348
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1473
is_a: UBERON:0002789  ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region
is_a: UBERON:0006568  ! hypothalamic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002714
name: rubrospinal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the red nucleus of the midbrain towards target cells in the spinal cord[GO]." [Wikipedia:Rubrospinal_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "monakow's tract" EXACT [FMA:72640]
synonym: "rubrospinal tract (monakow)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1476]
synonym: "tractus rubrospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rubrospinal_tract]
xref: FMA:72640
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1476
xref: SCTID:369264001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002715
name: spinal trigeminal tract of medulla
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72625
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1477
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002716
name: collateral sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The collateral fissure (or sulcus) is on the tentorial surface of the hemisphere and extends from near the occipital pole to within a short distance of the temporal pole. Behind, it lies below and lateral to the calcarine fissure, from which it is separated by the lingual gyrus; in front, it is situated between the hippocampal gyrus and the anterior part of the fusiform gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Collateral_fissure]
comment: AO notes: cnit has two distinct classes; FMA and NIF treat these as exact synonyms.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "collateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83751]
synonym: "sulcus collateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1480]
synonym: "sulcus collateralis, fissura collateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Collateral_fissure]
xref: FMA:83751
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1480
xref: SCTID:279356006
xref: UMLS:C0228226
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray738.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray738.png/200px-Gray738.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Collateral_Fissure
xref: ncithesaurus:Collateral_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002717
name: rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF) is a portion of the medial longitudinal fasciculus which controls vertical gaze. They project to the vestibular nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Rostral_interstitial_nucleus_of_medial_longitudinal_fasciculus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus interstitialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rostral_interstitial_nucleus_of_medial_longitudinal_fasciculus]
synonym: "rostral interstitial nucleus of mlf" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72433
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1481
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Gray710.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Gray710.png/200px-Gray710.png
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002718
name: solitary tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The solitary tract is a compact fiber bundle that extends longitudinally through the posterolateral region of the medulla. The solitary tract is surrounded by the nucleus of the solitary tract, and descends to the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Solitary_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "respiratory bundle of Gierke" EXACT []
synonym: "tractus solitarius medullae oblongatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Solitary_tract]
xref: BM:Me-ST
xref: FMA:72619
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1483
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray695.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray695.png/200px-Gray695.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002719
name: spino-olivary tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The spino-olivary tract is located in the ventral funiculus of the spinal cord. This tract carries proprioception information from muscles and tendons as well as cutaneous impulses to the olivary nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Spino-olivary_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "helweg's tract" EXACT [FMA:72643]
synonym: "tractus spinoolivaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spino-olivary_tract]
xref: FMA:72643
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1484
xref: SCTID:362607001
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002720
name: mammillary peduncle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "peduncle of mammillary body" EXACT [FMA:62061]
xref: FMA:62061
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1486
xref: SCTID:369146004
is_a: UBERON:0003931  ! diencephalic white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002722
name: trochlear nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The nucleus of the trochlear nerve is located in the midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus. It is a motor nucleus, so located near the midline. Oddly, fibers from the trochlear nucleus cross over in the midbrain at the superior medullary velum and exit posteriorly, (this is the only cranial nerve to do so). The nerve then goes around the midbrain, and is visible coming out the sides. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trochlear_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "fourth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54518]
synonym: "motor nucleus IV" EXACT [ZFA:0000450]
synonym: "nIV" EXACT [ZFA:0000450]
synonym: "nucleus nervi trochlearis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54518, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Trochlear_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus of trochlear nerve" EXACT [FMA:54518]
synonym: "trochlear IV nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001075]
synonym: "trochlear motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000450]
xref: ABA:IV
xref: BM:MB-IV
xref: EV:0100251
xref: FMA:54518
xref: MA:0001075
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1488
xref: SCTID:280163001
xref: TAO:0000450
xref: ZFA:0000450
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Drn.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Drn.png/200px-Drn.png
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001644 ! trochlear nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002723
name: mammillary princeps fasciculus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "principal mammillary fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:62057]
synonym: "principal mammillary tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1492]
synonym: "principle mamillary fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:62057]
xref: FMA:62057
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1492
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002724
name: limen of insula
namespace: uberon
synonym: "angulus gyri olfactorii lateralis" EXACT [FMA:75266]
synonym: "gyrus ambiens (noback)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1493]
synonym: "insula limen" EXACT [FMA:75266]
synonym: "limen insulae" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1493]
xref: FMA:75266
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1493
xref: SCTID:369215009
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002726
name: cervical spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a cervical region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cervical segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71166]
synonym: "cervical segments of spinal cord [1-8]" EXACT [FMA:71166]
synonym: "cervical spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71166]
synonym: "segmenta cervicalia medullae spinalis [1-8" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71166, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:71166
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1499
xref: SCTID:180960003
xref: UMLS:C0581619
xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region
intersection_of: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002727
name: medial medullary lamina
namespace: uberon
synonym: "inner medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62470]
synonym: "internal medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62470]
synonym: "internal medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62470]
synonym: "internal medullary lamina of lentiform nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62470]
synonym: "lamina medullaris interna corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62470, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lamina medullaris medialis corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62470, FMA:TA]
synonym: "medial medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62470]
synonym: "medial medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62470]
synonym: "medial medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62470]
synonym: "medial medullary lamina of pallidum" EXACT [FMA:62470]
synonym: "medial medullary stria" EXACT [FMA:62470]
xref: BTO:0002251
xref: FMA:62470
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1501
xref: SCTID:369205003
is_a: UBERON:0002437  ! cerebral white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002730
name: regional part of thalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a thalamus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "segment of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1517]
synonym: "thalamus segment" EXACT [FMA:67705]
xref: FMA:67705
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1517
xref: SCTID:119406000
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002731
name: vestibulocochlear nerve root
namespace: uberon
synonym: "central part of vestibulocochlear nerve" EXACT [FMA:72499]
synonym: "statoacoustic nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72499]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72499]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear nerve roots" EXACT [FMA:72499]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72499]
xref: FMA:72499
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1519
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002732
name: longitudinal pontine fibers
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fibrae pontis longitudinales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72513, FMA:TA]
synonym: "longitudinal fasciculus of the pons" EXACT [FMA:72513]
synonym: "longitudinal pontine fibers" EXACT [FMA:72513]
synonym: "longitudinal pontine fibres" EXACT [FMA:72513]
synonym: "longitudinal pontine tract" EXACT [FMA:72513]
xref: FMA:72513
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1523
xref: SCTID:361544009
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002733
name: intralaminar nuclear group
namespace: uberon
def: "The intralaminar nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus that contains the following nuclei: central lateral centromedian (or 'central medial') paracentral parafascicular. Some sources also include a 'central dorsal' nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intralaminar_thalamic_nuclei]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "intralaminar nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62021]
synonym: "intralaminar nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62021]
synonym: "intralaminar nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62021]
synonym: "intralaminar thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62021]
synonym: "nonspecific thalamic system" EXACT [FMA:62021]
synonym: "nuclei intralaminares (thalami)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1530]
synonym: "nuclei intralaminares thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62021, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:ILM
xref: FMA:62021
xref: GAID:660
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.460
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1530
xref: SCTID:279159009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Thalmus.png/200px-Thalmus.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001899
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001903
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002736

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002734
name: superior temporal sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "parallel sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83783]
synonym: "sulcus t1" EXACT [FMA:83783]
synonym: "superior temporal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83783]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-STS
xref: FMA:83783
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1534
xref: SCTID:279344005
xref: UMLS:C0228237
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Temporal_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002735
name: transverse pontine fibers
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fibrae pontis transversae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72514, FMA:TA]
synonym: "superficial transverse fibers of pons" EXACT [FMA:72514]
synonym: "transverse fibers of pons" EXACT [FMA:72514]
synonym: "transverse pontine fibers" EXACT [FMA:72514]
synonym: "transverse pontine fibres" EXACT [FMA:72514]
synonym: "transverse pontine tract" EXACT [FMA:72514]
xref: FMA:72514
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1535
xref: SCTID:79836003
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002736
name: lateral nuclear group
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the lateral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following: lateral dorsal nucleus lateral posterior nucleus pulvinar [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_nuclear_group]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lateral group of the dorsal thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537]
synonym: "lateral nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62174]
synonym: "lateral nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62174]
synonym: "lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62174]
synonym: "lateral thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000862]
synonym: "lateral thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62174]
synonym: "lateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537]
synonym: "nuclei laterales thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537]
xref: ABA:LAT
xref: EV:0100210
xref: FMA:62174
xref: GAID:661
xref: MA:0000862
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.485
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537
xref: SCTID:279126006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 ! dorsal thalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001899
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001903
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002733

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002738
name: isthmus of cingulate gyrus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cingulate gyrus isthmus" EXACT [FMA:62502]
synonym: "isthmus of fornicate gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62502]
synonym: "isthmus of limbic lobe" EXACT [FMA:62502]
xref: FMA:62502
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1541
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002739
name: medial dorsal nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial dorsal nucleus (or dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus) is a large nucleus in the thalamus. It receives inputs from the Pre-Frontal Cortex and the Limbic System and in turn relays them to the Pre-Frontal Association Cortex. As a result, it plays a crucial role in attention, planning, organization, abstract thinking, multi-tasking and active memory. The connections of the medial dorsal nucleus have even been used to delineate the prefrontal cortex of the GC6ttingen minipig brain. By stereology the number of brain cells in the region has been estimated to around 6.43 million neurons in the adult human brain and 36.3 million glial cells, and with the newborn having quite different numbers: around 11.2 million neurons and 10.6 million glial cells. Lesions of the medial dorsal nucleus have been associated with Wernicke's encephalopathy [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_dorsal_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dorsal medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "dorsomedial nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "medial dorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "medial dorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543]
synonym: "medial nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "medial nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "medial thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "medial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [DHB:MD]
synonym: "mediodorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156]
synonym: "nucleus dorsomedialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543]
synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543]
synonym: "nucleus mediodorsalis thalami" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002453, Wikipedia:Medial_dorsal_nucleus]
xref: ABA:MD
xref: BM:Die-Th-MD
xref: BTO:0002453
xref: EV:0100200
xref: FMA:62156
xref: GAID:663
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.490
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543
xref: SCTID:279149008
xref: UMLS:C0228329
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsomedial_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003031

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002740
name: posterior cingulate gyrus
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior cingulate cortex is the backmost part of the cingulate cortex, lying behind the anterior cingulate cortex. This is the upper part of the 'limbic lobe'. The cingulate cortex is made up of an area around the midline of the brain. Surrounding areas include the retrosplenial cortex and the precuneus. Cytoarchitectonically posterior cingulate cortex is associated with Brodmann areas 23 and 31. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_cingulate_gyrus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:61924
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1546
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray727.svg/200px-Gray727.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000200  ! gyrus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002741
name: diagonal band
namespace: uberon
def: "The diagonal band of Broca consists of fibers that are said to arise in the parolfactory area, the gyrus subcallosus and the anterior perforated substance, and course backward in the longitudinal striae to the dentate gyrus and the hippocampal region. This is a cholinergic bundle of nerve fibers posterior to the anterior perforated substance. It interconnects the paraterminal gyrus in the septal area with the hippocampus and lateral olfactory area. Along with the Septum Pellucidum the Diagonal Band of Broca is believed to be involved in the generation of theta waves in the hippocampus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Diagonal_band_of_Broca]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "band of Broca" RELATED [BTO:0002445]
synonym: "bandaletta diagonalis (Broca)" RELATED [BTO:0002445]
synonym: "broca's diagonal band" EXACT [FMA:61973]
synonym: "broca's diagonal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61973]
synonym: "diagonal band of broca" EXACT []
synonym: "diagonal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61973]
synonym: "olfactory fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:61973]
synonym: "olfactory radiations of zuckerkandl" EXACT []
synonym: "stria diagonalis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0002445, Wikipedia:Diagonal_band_of_Broca]
synonym: "stria diagonalis (Broca)" RELATED [BTO:0002445]
xref: BTO:0002445
xref: FMA:61973
xref: GAID:684
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.380
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1551
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray724.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray724.png/200px-Gray724.png
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002742
name: lamina of septum pellucidum
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two layers of both white and gray matter of the septum pellucidum. During fetal development there is a space between the two laminae called the cavum septum pellucidum which, in ninety per cent of cases, disappears during infancy." [Wikipedia:Septum_pellucidum#Layers]
comment: editor note
synonym: "laminae septi pellucidi" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "septum pellucidum lamina" EXACT [FMA:62472]
xref: FMA:62472
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1554
xref: SCTID:12164006
is_a: UBERON:0002437  ! cerebral white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004714 ! septum pellucidum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002743
name: basal forebrain
namespace: uberon
def: "The basal forebrain is a collection of structures located ventrally to the striatum. It is considered to be the major cholinergic output of the CNS. It includes a group of structures that lie near the bottom of the front of the brain, including the nucleus basalis, diagonal band of Broca, and medial septal nuclei. These structures are important in the production of acetylcholine, which is then distributed widely throughout the brain. Acetylcholine affects the ability of brain cells to transmit information to one another, and also encourages plasticity, or learning. Thus, damage to the basal forebrain can reduce the amount of acetylcholine in the brain and impair learning. This may be one reason why basal forebrain damage can result in memory impairments such as amnesia and confabulation. One common cause of basal forebrain damage is aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. Research, conducted by investigators from Children's Hospital Boston and the University of Helsinki, ties together previous observations about sleep and finds that nitric oxide production in the basal forebrain is both necessary and sufficient to produce sleep. This structure is defined, in part, as the place where adenosine acts on A1 receptors of cholinergic neurons. This results in hyperpolarization of cholinergic neurons, which inhibits the release of acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is known to promote wakefulness in the basal forebrain. Inhibition of acetylcholine release in the basal forebrain by adenosine causes slow wave sleep. The basal forebrain and adjacent areas are a focus for sleep research. Stimulating the basal forebrain gives rise to EEG sychrony and sleep. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Basal_forebrain]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pars basalis telencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basal_forebrain]
xref: BM:Tel-BF
xref: BTO:0002444
xref: FMA:77700
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1560
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Basal_Forebrain_Monakhos_2007.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Basal_Forebrain_Monakhos_2007.png/200px-Basal_Forebrain_Monakhos_2007.png
is_a: UBERON:0002780  ! regional part of forebrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002744
name: hilum of dentate nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dentate nuclear hilum" EXACT [FMA:72548]
xref: FMA:72548
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1561
xref: SCTID:369055003
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002745
name: ventral amygdalofugal projection
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral amygdalofugal pathway" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1563]
xref: FMA:61977
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1563
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002746
name: intermediate periventricular nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intermediate periventricular nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62328]
synonym: "periventricular nucleus at the tuberal level" EXACT [FMA:62328]
xref: FMA:62328
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1564
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002747
name: neodentate part of dentate nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "neodentate portion of dentate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72539]
xref: FMA:72539
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1567
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002748
name: medial lemniscus of medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "A medial lemniscus that is part of a medulla [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72621
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1570
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
is_a: UBERON:0003002  ! medial lemniscus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0003002  ! medial lemniscus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002749
name: regional part of cerebellar cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebellar cortex [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "cerebellar cortical segment" EXACT [FMA:76924]
synonym: "segment of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1571]
xref: FMA:76924
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1571
is_a: UBERON:0002946  ! regional part of cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002750
name: medial longitudinal fasciculus of medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "A medial longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a medulla [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72618
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1574
is_a: UBERON:0002309  ! medial longitudinal fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0002309  ! medial longitudinal fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002752
name: olivocerebellar tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The olivocerebellar tract (olivocerebellar fibers) leaves the olivary nucleus and pass out through the hilum and decussate with those from the opposite olive in the raphC), then as internal arcuate fibers they pass partly through and partly around the opposite olive and enter the inferior peduncle to be distributed to the cerebellar hemisphere of the opposite side from which they arise. They terminate directly on Purkinje cells as the climbing fiber input system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olivocerebellar_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "t. olivocerebellaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olivocerebellar_tract]
xref: FMA:72638
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1579
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray695.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray695.png/200px-Gray695.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002753
name: posterior spinocerebellar tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal spinocerebellar tract (posterior spinocerebellar tract, Flechsig's fasciculus, Flechsig's tract) conveys proprioceptive information from the body to the cerebellum. It is part of the somatosensory system and runs in parallel with the ventral spinocerebellar tract. Proprioceptive information is taken to the via central processes of dorsal root ganglia (first order neurons). These central processes travel through the dorsal horn where they synapse with second order neurons of Clarke's nucleus. Axon fibers from Clarke's Nucleus convey this proprioceptive information in the spinal cord in the peripheral region of the posteriolateral funiculus ipsilaterally until it reaches the cerebellum, where unconscious proprioceptive information is processed. This tract involves two neurons and ends up on the same side of the body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_spinocerebellar_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dorsal spinocerebellar tract" EXACT [FMA:72641]
synonym: "flechsig's tract" EXACT [FMA:72641]
xref: BM:DSCT
xref: FMA:72641
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1585
xref: SCTID:369284002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005413 ! spinocerebellar tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002754
name: predorsal bundle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "predorsal bundle of edinger" EXACT []
synonym: "predorsal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72614]
synonym: "tectospinal fibers" EXACT [FMA:72614]
xref: FMA:72614
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1590
is_a: UBERON:0005838  ! fasciculus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002755
name: pyramidal decussation
namespace: uberon
def: "When these pyramidal fibers are traced downward, it is found that some three-fifths or more of them leave the pyramids in successive bundles, and decussate in the anterior median fissure of the medulla oblongata, forming what is termed the pyramidal decussation or motor decussation. Having crossed the middle line, they pass down in the posterior part of the lateral funiculus as the lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Decussation_of_pyramids]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corticospinal decussation" EXACT [FMA:72633]
synonym: "decussatio pyramidum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72633, FMA:TA]
synonym: "decussatio pyramidum medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72633, FMA:TA]
synonym: "decussation of corticospinal tract" EXACT [FMA:72633]
synonym: "decussation of pyramidal tract fibers" EXACT [FMA:72633]
synonym: "decussation of pyramids" EXACT [FMA:72633]
synonym: "decussation of pyramids of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72633]
synonym: "decussation of the pyramidal tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1594]
synonym: "motor decussation" EXACT [FMA:72633]
synonym: "motor decussation of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72633]
synonym: "pyramidal decussation (pourfour du petit)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1594]
xref: BM:Me-PyX
xref: FMA:72633
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1594
xref: SCTID:369058001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Gray684.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gray684.png/200px-Gray684.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0007418  ! decussation of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002756
name: anterior cingulate gyrus
namespace: uberon
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:61916
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1603
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gray727_anterior_cingulate_cortex.png/200px-Gray727_anterior_cingulate_cortex.png
is_a: UBERON:0000200  ! gyrus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009835 ! anterior cingulate cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002757
name: regional part of epithalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a epithalamus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "epithalamus segment" EXACT [FMA:62013]
synonym: "segment of epithalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1607]
xref: FMA:62013
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1607
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002758
name: dorsal nucleus of medial geniculate body
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [FMA:62216]
synonym: "medial geniculate complex, dorsal part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608]
synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus, dorsal part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608]
synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati medialis, pars dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608]
synonym: "nucleus dorsalis coporis geniculati medialis" RELATED [BTO:0002673]
synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis fibrosus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608]
synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis pars dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608]
xref: ABA:MGd
xref: BTO:0002673
xref: FMA:62216
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002759
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002985

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002759
name: magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body
namespace: uberon
synonym: "corpus geniculatus mediale, pars magnocelluaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612]
synonym: "magnocelluar nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612]
synonym: "medial division of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62218]
synonym: "medial geniculate complex, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62218]
synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62218]
synonym: "medial magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62218]
synonym: "medial nucleus of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62218]
synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati medialis, pars magnocelluaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612]
synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis magnocelluaris (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612]
synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis, pars magnocelluaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612]
synonym: "nucleus medialis magnocellularis corporis geniculati medialis" RELATED [BTO:0002672]
xref: ABA:MGm
xref: BTO:0002672
xref: FMA:62218
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002758
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002985

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002760
name: ventral corticospinal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior corticospinal tract (also called the ventral corticospinal tract, medial corticospinal tract, direct pyramidal tract, or anterior cerebrospinal fasciculus) is a small bundle of descending fibers that connect the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord. It is usually small, varying inversely in size with the lateral corticospinal tract, which is the main part of the corticospinal tract. It lies close to the anterior median fissure, and is present only in the upper part of the medulla spinalis; gradually diminishing in size as it descends, it ends about the middle of the thoracic region. It consists of descending fibers which arise from cells in the motor area of the cerebral hemisphere of the same side, and which, as they run downward in the medulla spinalis, cross in succession through the anterior white commissure to the opposite side, where they end, either directly or indirectly, by arborizing around the motor neurons in the anterior column. A few of its fibers are said to pass to the lateral column of the same side and to the gray matter at the base of the posterior column. They conduct voluntary motor impulses from the precentral gyrus to the motor centers of the cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_corticospinal_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior corticospinal tract" EXACT [FMA:72636]
synonym: "anterior pyramidal tract" EXACT [FMA:72636]
synonym: "anterior tract of turck" EXACT []
synonym: "bundle of turck" EXACT []
synonym: "column of turck" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72636
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1618
xref: SCTID:369092003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002761
name: inferior frontal sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior frontal sulcus is a sulcus between the middle frontal gyrus and the inferior frontal gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_frontal_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "inferior frontal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83757]
synonym: "sulcus f2" EXACT [FMA:83757]
synonym: "sulcus frontalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_frontal_sulcus]
xref: FMA:83757
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1619
xref: SCTID:279343004
xref: UMLS:C0262251
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Gray726_Inferior_frontal_sulcus.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Frontal_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002762
name: internal medullary lamina of thalamus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "internal medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62079]
synonym: "internal medullary lamina of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62079]
synonym: "lamina medullaris medialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62079, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:62079
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1621
xref: SCTID:369161003
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002763
name: accessory medullary lamina
namespace: uberon
synonym: "accessory medullar lamina of pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1626]
synonym: "accessory medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62471]
synonym: "accessory medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62471]
synonym: "accessory medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62471]
synonym: "incomplete medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62471]
synonym: "lamina medullaris accessoria corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62471, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:62471
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1626
is_a: UBERON:0002437  ! cerebral white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002764
name: inferior precentral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "inferior part of precentral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83764]
synonym: "sulcus praecentralis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1627]
synonym: "sulcus precentralis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1627]
xref: FMA:83764
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1627
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002765
name: lateral medullary lamina
namespace: uberon
synonym: "external medulary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634]
synonym: "external medulary lamina of lentiform nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634]
synonym: "external medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62469]
synonym: "external medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62469]
synonym: "external medullary lamina of lentiform nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62469]
synonym: "lamina medullaris externa corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62469, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lamina medullaris lateralis corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62469, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lateral medulary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634]
synonym: "lateral medulary stria" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634]
synonym: "lateral medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62469]
synonym: "lateral medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62469]
synonym: "lateral medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62469]
synonym: "lateral medullary lamina of pallidum" EXACT [FMA:62469]
synonym: "lateral medullary stria" EXACT [FMA:62469]
synonym: "medulary lamina of pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634]
synonym: "outer medulary lamina" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634]
synonym: "outer medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62469]
xref: FMA:62469
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634
xref: SCTID:369204004
is_a: UBERON:0002437  ! cerebral white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002767
name: inferior rostral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sulcus rostralis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1642]
xref: FMA:83767
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1642
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002768
name: vestibulospinal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the vestibular nucleus of the pons towards target cells in the spinal cord[GO]." [Wikipedia:Vestibulospinal_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "tractus vestibulospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibulospinal_tract]
synonym: "vestibulo-spinal tract" EXACT [ZFA:0000709]
xref: FMA:72646
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1643
xref: SCTID:369289007
xref: TAO:0000709
xref: ZFA:0000709
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002770
name: posterior hypothalamic region
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the hypothalamus posterior to the middle region consisting of several nuclei including the medial mamillary nucleus, lateral mamillary nucleus, and posterior hypothalamic nucleus (posterior hypothalamic area). The posterior hypothalamic area is concerned with control of sympathetic responses and is sensitive to conditions of decreasing temperature and controls the mechanisms for the conservation and increased production of heat." [MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.362]
synonym: "mammillary level of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62029]
synonym: "mammillary region" EXACT [FMA:62029]
synonym: "posterior hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62029]
xref: FMA:62029
xref: GAID:651
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.357.362
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1651
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002772
name: olfactory sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial orbital gyrus presents a well-marked antero-posterior sulcus, the olfactory sulcus, for the olfactory tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "olfactory groove" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1655]
synonym: "sulcus olfactorius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1655]
synonym: "sulcus olfactorius lobi frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_sulcus]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-OFS
xref: FMA:83769
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1655
xref: SCTID:279358007
xref: UMLS:C0228205
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Gray729_olfactory_sulcus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gray729_olfactory_sulcus.png/200px-Gray729_olfactory_sulcus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002775
name: olivocochlear bundle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "bundle of rasmussen" EXACT []
synonym: "efferent cochlear bundle" EXACT [FMA:72485]
synonym: "olivocochlear bundle of rasmussen" EXACT []
synonym: "olivocochlear tract" EXACT [FMA:72485]
synonym: "tractus olivocochlearis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72485, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:72485
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1666
xref: SCTID:369030009
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002776
name: ventral nuclear group
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the ventral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following: ventral anterior nucleus ventral lateral nucleus ventral posterior nucleus [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_nuclear_group]
comment: Editors note: consider splitting nucleus from nuclear group
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nuclei ventrales thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1669]
synonym: "ventral group of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1669]
synonym: "ventral nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62022]
synonym: "ventral nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62022]
synonym: "ventral nuclear mass" EXACT [FMA:62022]
synonym: "ventral nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62022]
synonym: "ventral tier thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62022]
xref: ABA:VENT
xref: BTO:0002467
xref: EV:0100206
xref: FMA:62022
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1669
xref: SCTID:279125005
xref: ZFA:0005576
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002144
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002704

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002777
name: obsolete neostriatum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: GAID:669

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002778
name: ventral pallidum
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of the globus pallidus, consistingo of the more medial of the two segments.  In some species, e.g., primates, it is separated from the lateral segment by the fibers of the medial medullary lamina (MM)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1674]
synonym: "ventral globus pallidus" RELATED [BTO:0004375]
synonym: "ventral pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1674]
xref: ABA:PALv
xref: BM:Tel-VPa
xref: BTO:0004375
xref: FMA:77613
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1674
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0006514  ! pallidum
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002779
name: lateral superior olivary nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the olivary bodies or simply olives (Latin oliva and olivae, singular and plural, respectively) are a pair of prominent oval structures in the medulla oblongata, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72472]
synonym: "accessory superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72472]
synonym: "accessory superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72472]
synonym: "lateral superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72472]
synonym: "superior olivary nucleus, lateral part" EXACT [FMA:72472]
xref: BM:Pons-SOL
xref: FMA:72472
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1675
xref: SCTID:360477003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gray679.png/200px-Gray679.png
is_a: UBERON:0007247  ! superior olivary nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002780
name: regional part of forebrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "forebrain segment" EXACT [FMA:61996]
synonym: "segment of forebrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1677]
xref: FMA:61996
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1677
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002781
name: caudal part of ventral posterolateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral posterior lateral nucleus (ilinsky)" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62206]
synonym: "ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62206]
xref: FMA:62206
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1681
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002782
name: medial superior olivary nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior olivary complex (or SOC or superior olive) is a small mass of gray substance situated on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body. Small in humans, but well developed in certain animals, it exhibits similar structure as the inferior olivary nucleus, and is situated immediately above it. Some of the fibers of the trapezoid body end by arborizing around the cells of this nucleus, while others arise from these cells. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "chief nucleus of superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72473]
synonym: "chief superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72473]
synonym: "main superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72473]
synonym: "medial superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72473]
synonym: "nucleus laminaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1682]
synonym: "principal superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72473]
synonym: "superior olivary nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:72473]
xref: BM:Pons-SOM
xref: FMA:72473
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1682
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray713.png/200px-Gray713.png
is_a: UBERON:0007247  ! superior olivary nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002783
name: central tegmental tract of pons
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72494
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1683
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002784
name: regional part of diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "diencephalon segment" EXACT [FMA:62005]
xref: FMA:62005
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1685
xref: SCTID:119264001
is_a: UBERON:0002780  ! regional part of forebrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002785
name: regional part of lateral hypothalamic region
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a lateral hypothalamic area." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "lateral hypothalamic region segment" EXACT [FMA:62312]
synonym: "segment of lateral hypothalamic region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1687]
xref: FMA:62312
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1687
is_a: UBERON:0003048  ! regional part of hypothalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002786
name: abducens nerve fibers
namespace: uberon
synonym: "abducens nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72491]
synonym: "abducens nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72491]
synonym: "central part of abducens nerve" EXACT [FMA:72491]
synonym: "root of abducens nerve" EXACT [FMA:72491]
xref: FMA:72491
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1689
is_a: UBERON:0006843  ! root of cranial nerve
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002787
name: decussation of trochlear nerve
namespace: uberon
synonym: "decussation of trochlear nerve (IV)" EXACT [FMA:72488]
synonym: "trochlear neural decussation" EXACT [FMA:72488]
xref: FMA:72488
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1690
is_a: UBERON:0007418  ! decussation of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002788
name: anterior nuclear group
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior nuclei of thalamus (or anterior nuclear group) are collection of nuclei at the rostral end of the dorsal thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_nuclear_group]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62019]
synonym: "anterior nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62019]
synonym: "anterior nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62019]
synonym: "anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62019]
synonym: "anterior thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000861]
synonym: "anterior thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62019]
synonym: "anterior thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692]
synonym: "nuclei anterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692]
synonym: "nuclei anteriores (thalami)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692]
synonym: "nuclei anteriores thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692]
synonym: "nuclei thalamicus anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692]
synonym: "rostral thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000427]
xref: ABA:ATN
xref: EV:0100196
xref: FMA:62019
xref: GAID:658
xref: MA:0000861
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.080
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692
xref: SCTID:279124009
xref: TAO:0000427
xref: ZFA:0000427
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 ! dorsal thalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002789
name: regional part of posterior hypothalamic region
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a posterior hypothalamic region [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "posterior hypothalamic region segment" EXACT [FMA:62311]
synonym: "segment of posterior hypothalamic region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1697]
xref: FMA:62311
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1697
is_a: UBERON:0003048  ! regional part of hypothalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002790
name: dorsal acoustic stria
namespace: uberon
synonym: "posterior acoustic stria" EXACT [FMA:72496]
synonym: "stria cochlearis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72496, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:72496
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1698
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002791
name: regional part of telencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "segment of telencephalon" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1700]
synonym: "telencephalon segment" EXACT [FMA:62374]
xref: FMA:62374
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1700
is_a: UBERON:0002780  ! regional part of forebrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002792
name: lumbar spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_spinal_cord]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lumbar segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71168]
synonym: "lumbar segments of spinal cord [1-5]" EXACT [FMA:71168]
synonym: "lumbar spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71168]
synonym: "segmenta lumbalia medullae spinalis [1-5]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71168, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:71168
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1704
xref: SCTID:180962006
xref: UMLS:C0581621
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back
intersection_of: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002793
name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of pons
namespace: uberon
def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a pons." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72492
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1707
is_a: UBERON:0003045  ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
intersection_of: UBERON:0003045  ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002794
name: medial longitudinal fasciculus of pons
namespace: uberon
def: "A medial longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a pons [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medial longitudinal fasciculus of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pons medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pons of varolius medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72493
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1708
is_a: UBERON:0002309  ! medial longitudinal fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
intersection_of: UBERON:0002309  ! medial longitudinal fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002796
name: motor root of trigeminal nerve
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check ZFA
synonym: "dorsal motor root of v" RELATED [TAO:0000650]
synonym: "motor branch of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52612]
synonym: "motor root of nervus v" EXACT []
synonym: "radix motoria (Nervus trigeminus [V])" EXACT [FMA:52612]
xref: FMA:52612
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1717
xref: SCTID:280189001
xref: TAO:0000650
xref: ZFA:0000650
is_a: UBERON:0004673  ! trigeminal nerve root
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005239 ! basal plate metencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002797
name: dorsal trigeminal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal trigeminal tract (dorsal trigeminothalamic tract, or lemniscus) is a tract which receives signals from Meissner's corpuscles and Pacinian corpuscles. this tract arises from Principal trigeminal nucleus and terminates in the VPM nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_trigeminal_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dorsal ascending trigeminal tract" EXACT [FMA:72500]
synonym: "dorsal division of trigeminal lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72500]
synonym: "dorsal secondary ascending tract of v" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal secondary tract of v" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal trigeminal lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72500]
synonym: "dorsal trigeminal pathway" EXACT [FMA:72500]
synonym: "dorsal trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500]
synonym: "posterior trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500]
synonym: "reticulothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500]
synonym: "tractus trigeminothalamicus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72500, FMA:TA]
synonym: "uncrossed dorsal trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500]
xref: FMA:72500
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1718
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002798
name: spinothalamic tract of pons
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the pontine tegmentum" [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1719]
synonym: "pons of varolius spinothalamic tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pons of varolius spinothalamic tract of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pons spinothalamic tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pons spinothalamic tract of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinothalamic tract of medulla of pons" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinothalamic tract of medulla of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinothalamic tract of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72504
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1719
xref: SCTID:369026006
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007703 ! spinothalamic tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002800
name: spinal trigeminal tract of pons
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72507
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1725
xref: SCTID:369027002
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002801
name: stratum zonale of thalamus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "neuraxis stratum" EXACT [FMA:83905]
synonym: "stratum zonale thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1727]
xref: FMA:83905
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1727
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002804
name: left limbic lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A limbic lobe that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72981
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1780
is_a: UBERON:0002600  ! limbic lobe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: UBERON:0002600  ! limbic lobe
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002805
name: right limbic lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A limbic lobe that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72980
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1781
is_a: UBERON:0002600  ! limbic lobe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: UBERON:0002600  ! limbic lobe
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002812
name: left cerebral hemisphere
namespace: uberon
def: "A cerebral hemisphere that is in the left side of a brain." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left hemisphere" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1795]
xref: FMA:61819
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1795
xref: SCTID:362323007
xref: UMLS:C0228176
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Cerebral_Hemisphere
is_a: UBERON:0001869  ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0001869  ! cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002813
name: right cerebral hemisphere
namespace: uberon
def: "A cerebral hemisphere that is in the right side of a brain." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right hemisphere" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1797]
xref: FMA:67292
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1797
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvigx5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362322002
xref: UMLS:C0228175
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Cerebral_Hemisphere
is_a: UBERON:0001869  ! cerebral hemisphere
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0001869  ! cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002814
name: posterior superior fissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fissura post clivalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83733, FMA:TA]
synonym: "post-clival fissure" EXACT [FMA:83733]
synonym: "postclival fissure" EXACT [FMA:83733]
synonym: "posterior superior fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83733]
synonym: "postlunate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83733]
xref: FMA:83733
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081254
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081254
xref: SCTID:314170001
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002815
name: horizontal fissure
namespace: uberon
def: "The largest and deepest fissure in the cerebellum is named the horizontal sulcus (or horizontal fissure). It commences in front of the pons, and passes horizontally around the free margin of the hemisphere to the middle line behind, and divides the cerebellum into an upper and a lower portion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Horizontal_fissure_of_cerebellum]
synonym: "fissura horizontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Horizontal_fissure_of_cerebellum]
synonym: "fissura intercruralis cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75135, FMA:TA]
synonym: "great horizontal fissure" EXACT [FMA:75135]
synonym: "horizontal fissure of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "horizontal fissure of right lung(line)" EXACT [FMA:14697]
synonym: "horizontal sulcus" EXACT []
synonym: "intercrural fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:75135]
xref: FMA:14697
xref: FMA:75135
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081255
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081255
xref: SCTID:314173004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray702.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Gray702.png/200px-Gray702.png
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002816
name: prepyramidal fissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fissura prebiventralis cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75138, FMA:TA]
synonym: "prebiventral fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:75138]
synonym: "prepyramidal fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:75138]
synonym: "prepyramidal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:75138]
xref: FMA:75138
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081257
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081257
xref: SCTID:314171002
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002817
name: secondary fissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fissura postpyramidalis cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:84043, FMA:TA]
synonym: "post-pyramidal fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:84043]
synonym: "postpyramidal fissure" EXACT [FMA:84043]
synonym: "secondary fissure" EXACT [FMA:84043]
synonym: "secondary fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:84043]
xref: FMA:84043
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081258
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081258
xref: SCTID:314169002
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002818
name: posterolateral fissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsolateral fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83730]
synonym: "posterolateral fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83730]
synonym: "prenodular fissure" EXACT [FMA:83730]
synonym: "prenodular sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83730]
synonym: "uvulonodular fissure" EXACT [FMA:83730]
xref: FMA:83730
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081259
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081259
xref: SCTID:314172009
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002819
name: apex of cochlea
namespace: uberon
def: "The cupula is a structure in the vestibular system, sensing proprioception. The cupula is located within the ampullae of each of the three semicircular canals. As fluid rushes by the cupula, hair cells within it sense rotational acceleration, and transmit the corresponding signal to the brain through the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) In their natural orientation within the head, the cupulae are located on the medial aspect of the semicircular canals. In this orientation, the kinocilia rest on the posterior aspect of the cupula. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Apex_of_cochlea]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cochlea apex" EXACT [FMA:75641]
synonym: "cupula of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:75641]
xref: FMA:75641
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2523
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002820
name: zona arcuata of basilar membrane of cochlea
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002821
xref: FMA:75709
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2528
is_a: UBERON:0005764  ! acellular membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002822
name: macula lutea proper
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:58671
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2542
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000053 ! macula lutea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002823
name: clivus of fovea centralis
namespace: uberon
comment: NIF differs from FMA
synonym: "clivus of macula lutea" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2544]
synonym: "fovea centralis clivus" EXACT [FMA:58674]
xref: FMA:58674
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2544
is_a: UBERON:0000466  ! immaterial anatomical entity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001786 ! fovea centralis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002824
name: vestibular ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The vestibular nerve ganglion (also called Scarpa's ganglion) is the ganglion of the vestibular nerve. It contains the cell bodies of the bipolar primary afferent neurons whose peripheral processes form synaptic contact with hair cells of the vestibular sensory end organs[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scarpa%27s_ganglion]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Scarpa's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53435]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion vestibular component" EXACT [MA:0001086]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear component" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:17573
xref: FMA:53435
xref: MA:0001086
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2549
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002199
xref: SCTID:244450009
xref: UMLS:C0036286
xref: VHOG:0000682
xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001800  ! sensory ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002827 ! auditory ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002825
name: superior part of vestibular ganglion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "pars superior vestibularis" RELATED [MA:0002778]
synonym: "vestibular ganglion superior part" EXACT [MA:0002778]
xref: FMA:77531
xref: MA:0002778
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2551
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002824 ! vestibular ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002826
name: inferior part of vestibular ganglion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "vestibular ganglion inferior part" EXACT [MA:0002779]
xref: FMA:77532
xref: MA:0002779
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2552
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002824 ! vestibular ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002827
name: auditory ganglion
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: Consider follow MA naming scheme. // The cell bodies of the cochlear nerve lie within the central aspect of the cochlea and are collectively known as the spiral ganglion. This name reflects the fact that the cell bodies, considered as a unit, have a spiral (or perhaps more accurately, a helical) shape, reflecting the shape of the cochlea. The terms \"cochlear nerve fiber\" and \"spiral ganglion cell\" are used, to some degree, interchangeably, although the former may be used to more specifically refer to the central axons of the cochlear nerve. These central axons exit the cochlea at its base, where it forms a nerve trunk. In humans, this aspect of the nerve is roughly one inch in length. It projects centrally to the brainstem, where its fibers synapse with the cell bodies of the cochlear nucleus[Wikipedia:Cochlear_nerve]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "SAG" BROAD [ZFA:0000588]
synonym: "acoustic ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000696]
synonym: "acoustic ganglion VIII" EXACT [EMAPA:16982]
synonym: "acoustico-vestibular VIII ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002196]
synonym: "auditory ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000588]
synonym: "gVIII" EXACT [ZFA:0000588]
synonym: "ganglion VIII" EXACT []
synonym: "statoacoustic (VIII) ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000588]
synonym: "statoacoustic VIII ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000696]
synonym: "statoacoustic ganglia" EXACT [ZFA:0000588]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001084]
xref: EFO:0003543
xref: EHDAA2:0002196
xref: EHDAA:5569
xref: EHDAA:6653
xref: EMAPA:16982
xref: EMAPA:17571
xref: MA:0001084
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2564
xref: TAO:0000588
xref: VHOG:0000696
xref: XAO:0004142
xref: ZFA:0000588
is_a: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003249 ! epithelium of otic placode
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005565 ! facio-acoustic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012175 ! acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002105 ! vestibulo-auditory system
property_value: external_definition "The sensory ganglion of the ear. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for statoacoustic ganglion by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (During the development of the inner ear in a vertebrate embryo) As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002828
name: ventral cochlear nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral cochlear nucleus (or anterior, or accessory), placed between the two divisions of the cochlear nerve, is on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. Composed of several regions of distinct cell types, this nucleus serves primarily as a relay station for ascending auditory information. Bushy cells in the anterior ventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN), which receive end bulbs of held from auditory nerve fibers, project to the superior olivary complex through the trapezoid body and intermediate acoustic stria. Other cell types project to the lateral lemniscus and the inferior colliculus directly. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_cochlear_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "anterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54621]
synonym: "c1281209" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2567]
synonym: "ventral cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54621]
xref: ABA:VCO
xref: BM:CV
xref: FMA:54621
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2567
xref: SCTID:280178008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Gray760.png/200px-Gray760.png
is_a: UBERON:0001720  ! cochlear nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002829
name: dorsal cochlear nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN, also known as the 'tuberculum acousticum'), is a cortex-like structure on the dorso-lateral surface of the brainstem. Along with the ventral cochlear nucleus, it forms the cochlear nucleus, where all auditory nerve fibers from the cochlea form their first synapses. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_cochlear_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dorsal cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54624]
synonym: "dorsal division of cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54624]
synonym: "nucleus cochlearis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_cochlear_nucleus]
synonym: "posterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54624]
synonym: "tuberculum acousticum" EXACT []
xref: ABA:DCO
xref: BM:Me-CD
xref: FMA:54624
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2569
xref: SCTID:280179000
xref: UMLS:C0175499
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Gray760.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Gray760.png/200px-Gray760.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Cochlear_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0001720  ! cochlear nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002830
name: anteroventral cochlear nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior part of anterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2572]
synonym: "anteroventral auditory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72571]
synonym: "nucleus magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2572]
xref: FMA:72571
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2572
is_a: UBERON:0001720  ! cochlear nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002831
name: posteroventral cochlear nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "posterior part of anterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2573]
xref: FMA:72572
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2573
is_a: UBERON:0001720  ! cochlear nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002832
name: ventral nucleus of trapezoid body
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior nucleus of trapezoid body" EXACT [FMA:72477]
synonym: "nucleus anterior corporis trapezoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72477, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:72477
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2576
xref: SCTID:369020000
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007247  ! superior olivary nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007633  ! nucleus of trapezoid body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002833
name: medial nucleus of trapezoid body
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:75732
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2595
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007633  ! nucleus of trapezoid body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002834
name: cervical dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6005]
synonym: "cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6005]
xref: FMA:6005
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2599
xref: SCTID:278325008
is_a: UBERON:0000044  ! dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002835
name: thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "A dorsal root ganglion that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal root ganglion of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion of dorsal root of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion spinalis of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6006]
synonym: "thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6006]
synonym: "thorax dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax ganglion of dorsal root" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax ganglion spinalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:6006
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2600
xref: SCTID:278326009
is_a: UBERON:0000044  ! dorsal root ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0000961  ! thoracic ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000044  ! dorsal root ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002836
name: lumbar dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the lumbar vertebrae." [MP:0006404]
synonym: "lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6007]
synonym: "lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6007]
xref: FMA:6007
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2601
xref: SCTID:278327000
is_a: UBERON:0000044  ! dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002837
name: sacral dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6008]
synonym: "sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6008]
xref: FMA:6008
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2602
xref: SCTID:278328005
is_a: UBERON:0000044  ! dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002838
name: first cervical dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "first cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6010]
synonym: "first cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6010]
xref: EMAPA:25144
xref: FMA:6010
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2603
is_a: UBERON:0002834  ! cervical dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002839
name: second cervical dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "second cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6315]
synonym: "second cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6315]
xref: EMAPA:25155
xref: FMA:6315
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2604
is_a: UBERON:0002834  ! cervical dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002840
name: third cervical dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "third cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6316]
synonym: "third cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6316]
xref: EMAPA:25156
xref: FMA:6316
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2605
is_a: UBERON:0002834  ! cervical dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002841
name: fourth cervical dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "fourth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6317]
synonym: "fourth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6317]
xref: EMAPA:25157
xref: FMA:6317
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2606
is_a: UBERON:0002834  ! cervical dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002842
name: fifth cervical dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "fifth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6318]
synonym: "fifth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6318]
xref: EMAPA:25158
xref: FMA:6318
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2607
is_a: UBERON:0002834  ! cervical dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002843
name: seventh cervical dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "seventh cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6360]
synonym: "seventh cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6360]
xref: EMAPA:25160
xref: FMA:6360
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2609
is_a: UBERON:0002834  ! cervical dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002844
name: eighth cervical dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "eighth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6361]
synonym: "eighth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6361]
xref: FMA:6361
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2610
is_a: UBERON:0002834  ! cervical dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002845
name: first thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "first thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6321]
synonym: "first thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6321]
xref: EMAPA:25174
xref: FMA:6321
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2611
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002846
name: second thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "second thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6322]
synonym: "second thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6322]
xref: EMAPA:25175
xref: FMA:6322
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2612
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002847
name: third thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "third thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6323]
synonym: "third thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6323]
xref: EMAPA:25176
xref: FMA:6323
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2613
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002848
name: fifth thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "fifth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6325]
synonym: "fifth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6325]
xref: EMAPA:25179
xref: FMA:6325
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2615
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002849
name: sixth thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "sixth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6326]
synonym: "sixth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6326]
xref: EMAPA:25178
xref: FMA:6326
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2616
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002850
name: seventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "seventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6327]
synonym: "seventh thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6327]
xref: EMAPA:25180
xref: FMA:6327
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2617
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002851
name: eighth thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "eighth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6328]
synonym: "eighth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6328]
xref: EMAPA:25181
xref: FMA:6328
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2618
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002852
name: ninth thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "ninth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6329]
synonym: "ninth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6329]
xref: EMAPA:25182
xref: FMA:6329
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2619
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002853
name: tenth thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "tenth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6330]
synonym: "tenth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6330]
xref: EMAPA:25183
xref: FMA:6330
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2620
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002854
name: eleventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "eleventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6331]
synonym: "eleventh thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6331]
xref: EMAPA:25184
xref: FMA:6331
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2621
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002855
name: twelfth thoracic dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "twelfth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6332]
synonym: "twelfth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6332]
xref: EMAPA:25185
xref: FMA:6332
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2622
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002856
name: second lumbar dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "second lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6336]
synonym: "second lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6336]
xref: EMAPA:25165
xref: FMA:6336
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2623
is_a: UBERON:0002836  ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002857
name: first lumbar dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "first lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6335]
synonym: "first lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6335]
xref: EMAPA:25164
xref: FMA:6335
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2624
is_a: UBERON:0002836  ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002858
name: third lumbar dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "third lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6337]
synonym: "third lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6337]
xref: EMAPA:25166
xref: FMA:6337
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2625
is_a: UBERON:0002836  ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002859
name: fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003944
def: "the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra" [MP:0001022]
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "L5 dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001022]
synonym: "fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6339]
synonym: "fifth lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6339]
xref: EMAPA:25168
xref: FMA:6339
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2627
is_a: UBERON:0002836  ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002860
name: first sacral dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "first sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6342]
synonym: "first sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6342]
xref: EMAPA:25170
xref: FMA:6342
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2628
is_a: UBERON:0002837  ! sacral dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002861
name: second sacral dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "second sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6343]
synonym: "second sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6343]
xref: EMAPA:25171
xref: FMA:6343
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2629
is_a: UBERON:0002837  ! sacral dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002862
name: third sacral dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "third sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6344]
synonym: "third sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6344]
xref: EMAPA:25172
xref: FMA:6344
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2630
is_a: UBERON:0002837  ! sacral dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002863
name: fifth sacral dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "fifth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6346]
synonym: "fifth sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6346]
xref: FMA:6346
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2632
is_a: UBERON:0002837  ! sacral dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002864
name: accessory cuneate nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The accessory cuneate nucleus is located lateral to the cuneate nucleus in the medulla oblongata at the level of the sensory decussation. It receives input from cervical spinal nerves and transmits that information to the cerebellum. These fibers are called cuneocerebellar (cuneate nucleus &gt; cerebellum) fibers. In this function, the accessory cuneate nucleus is comparable to the upper extremity portion of the posterior spinocerebellar tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Accessory_cuneate_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "external cuneate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72603]
synonym: "lateral cuneate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72603]
synonym: "nucleus cuneatus accessorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Accessory_cuneate_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus of corpus restiforme" EXACT [FMA:72603]
xref: ABA:ECU
xref: BM:Me-CX
xref: EV:0100285
xref: FMA:72603
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2634
xref: SCTID:15575006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002865
name: arcuate nucleus of medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "An arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus that is part of a medulla [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arcuate hypothalamic nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arcuate nucleus-1" EXACT [FMA:72609]
synonym: "arcuate nucleus-2 of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arcuate periventricular nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "infundibular hypothalamic nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "infundibular nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "infundibular periventricular nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medial arcuate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72609]
synonym: "medulla arcuate hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla arcuate nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla arcuate nucleus-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla arcuate periventricular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla infundibular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla infundibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla infundibular periventricular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nucleus arciformis pyramidalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2635]
xref: FMA:72609
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2635
is_a: UBERON:0001932  ! arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla
intersection_of: UBERON:0001932  ! arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002866
name: caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "caudal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2637]
synonym: "caudal nucleus (kandell)" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:72606]
xref: ABA:SPVC
xref: EV:0100235
xref: FMA:72606
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.931.920.927
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2637
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002867
name: central gray substance of medulla
namespace: uberon
synonym: "central gray matter" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2638]
synonym: "medullary central gray substance" EXACT [FMA:72595]
xref: FMA:72595
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2638
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002868
name: commissural nucleus of vagus nerve
namespace: uberon
synonym: "commissural nucleus-1" EXACT [FMA:54597]
synonym: "nucleus of inferior commissure" EXACT [FMA:54597]
synonym: "nucleus of inferior commisure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2639]
xref: FMA:54597
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2639
is_a: UBERON:0011775  ! vagus nerve nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002869
name: diffuse reticular nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "kolloker-fuse nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2641]
synonym: "nucleus of kolliker-fuse" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72598
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2641
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002870
name: dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve (or posterior motor nucleus of vagus) is a cranial nerve nucleus for the vagus nerve that arises from the floor of the fourth ventricle. It mostly serves parasympathetic vagal functions in the heart, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and other thoracic and abdominal vagal innervations. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dorsal efferent nucleus of vagus" EXACT [FMA:54592]
synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of vagus X nerve" EXACT [MA:0001036]
synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "dorsal motor vagal nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "dorsal vagal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2642, Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "nucleus alaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2642]
synonym: "nucleus posterior nervi vagi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "posterior nucleus of vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "vagus nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve]
xref: ABA:DMX
xref: BM:DX
xref: EHDAA2:0004649
xref: EV:0100287
xref: FMA:54592
xref: MA:0001036
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2642
xref: SCTID:52884007
xref: UMLS:C0926535
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Gray697.png/200px-Gray697.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Nucleus_of_the_Vagus_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
is_a: UBERON:0011778  ! motor nucleus of vagal nerve
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010127 ! future dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002871
name: hypoglossal nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The hypoglossal nucleus is a cranial nerve nucleus, and it extends the length of the medulla, and being a motor nucleus, is close to the midline. In the open medulla, it is visible as what is known as the hypoglossal trigone, a raised area (medial to the vagal trigone) protruding slightly into the fourth ventricle. In the closed medulla, the gracile and cuneate nuclei lie posteriorly, which means the nucleus is not as close to the back of the medulla as in the open medulla. It is, however, still close to the midline. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hypoglossal XII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001039]
synonym: "hypoglossal nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505]
synonym: "hypoglossal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505]
synonym: "nucleus nervi hypoglossi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54505, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus of hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [FMA:54505]
synonym: "twelfth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505]
xref: ABA:XII
xref: BM:XII
xref: EHDAA2:0004635
xref: EV:0100286
xref: FMA:54505
xref: MA:0001039
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2644
xref: SCTID:47361005
xref: UMLS:C0228802
xref: VHOG:0001358
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hypoglossal_Nucleus
xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_the_Hypoglossal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002872
name: inferior salivatory nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "In the brain, the inferior salivatory nucleus is a cluster of neurons controlling the parasympathetic input to the parotid gland. It is one of the components of the glossopharyngeal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_salivatory_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "inferior salivary nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021752]
synonym: "inferior salivatary nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus salivatorius inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_salivatory_nucleus]
xref: ABA:ISN
xref: EHDAA2:0004641
xref: FMA:72601
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2645
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Gray843.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gray843.png/200px-Gray843.png
is_a: UBERON:0004133  ! salivatory nucleus
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001649 ! glossopharyngeal nerve
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010124 ! future inferior salivatory nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002873
name: interpolar part of spinal trigeminal nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:SPVI
xref: FMA:235324
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2646
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002874
name: lateral pericuneate nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72604
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2647
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002875
name: medial pericuneate nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72605
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2648
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002876
name: nucleus intercalatus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002878
comment: two NIF classes with the same name
synonym: "intercalated nucleus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72597]
synonym: "nucleus intercalatus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72597]
synonym: "nucleus of staderini" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus staderini" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2651, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2654]
xref: EV:0100291
xref: FMA:72597
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2651
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2654
xref: SCTID:369077004
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002877
name: parasolitary nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus fasciculus solitarius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2653]
synonym: "nucleus juxtasolitarius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2653]
xref: ABA:PAS
xref: FMA:77091
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2653
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002879
name: peritrigeminal nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72600
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2655
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002880
name: pontobulbar nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus of circumolivary bundle" EXACT [FMA:72608]
synonym: "pontobulbar body" EXACT [FMA:72608]
xref: FMA:72608
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2656
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002881
name: sublingual nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "In the substance of the formatio reticularis are two small nuclei of gray matter. The one near the dorsal aspect of the hilus of the inferior olivary nucleus is called the Sublingual nucleus (inferior central nucleus, nucleus of Roller.) [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "inferior central nucleus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus of roller" EXACT [FMA:68574, Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus sublingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus]
xref: ABA:NR
xref: FMA:68574
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2657
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002160

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002882
name: supraspinal nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: BM:SSp
xref: EV:0100282
xref: FMA:74507
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2658
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002893
name: nucleus of lateral olfactory tract
namespace: uberon
comment: part of amygdala in FMA but this leads to inconsistency when combined with ABA partitions
synonym: "lateral olfactory tract nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61865]
synonym: "nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract (ganser)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2702]
xref: ABA:NLOT
xref: BM:Tel-NLOT
xref: FMA:61865
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2702
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002894
name: olfactory cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The olfactory cortex is involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the olfactory bulb and is responsible for the identification of odors[GO]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_cortex]
comment: _:comment___:_:@___:_:source__GO___:.__Editor note - consider relationship: receives_input_from UBERON:0002264
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "archaeocortex" RELATED [BTO:0001446]
synonym: "archeocortex" RELATED [BTO:0001446]
synonym: "olfactory lobe" RELATED [MA:0000193]
xref: BTO:0001446
xref: EHDAA2:0001289
xref: EHDAA:5482
xref: EMAPA:17779
xref: MA:0000193
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2707
xref: VHOG:0000325
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005366 ! olfactory lobe
property_value: external_definition "That portion of the cerebral cortex that, with the palaeocortex, develops in association with the olfactory system, and which is phylogenetically older than the neocortex and lacks its layered structure. The embryonic archaeocortex corresponds to the cortex of the dentate gyrus and hippocampus in mature mammals[BTO:0001446]." xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (In mammals) Odorant detection is mediated by millions of olfactory sensory neurons located in the olfactory epithelium lining the nasal cavity. These neurons transmit sensory signals to the olfactory bulb of the brain, which in turn sends signals to the olfactory cortex.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002895
name: secondary olfactory cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann's area 28; major gateway for neocortical input to the hippocampus; origin of the perforant pathway; a component of the medial temporal lobe memory system. (CSP) * The cytoarchitecturally well-defined area of multilaminate cerebral cortex on the medial aspect of the parahippocampal gyrus, immediately caudal to the olfactory cortex of the uncus. The entorhinal cortex is the origin of the major neural fiber system afferent to the hippocampus, the so-called PERFORANT PATHWAY. (Stedman, 25th ed)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2709]
comment: FMA considers this a syn of entorhinal cortex. See also brodman definition
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "entorhinal cortex" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:72356]
synonym: "secondary olfactory areas" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2709]
synonym: "secondary olfactory cortex" EXACT [FMA:72356]
synonym: "secondary olfactory cortical area (carpenter)" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004345
xref: EV:0100179
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2709
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002896
name: telodiencephalic fissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "telo-diencephalic fissure" EXACT [FMA:83726]
xref: FMA:83726
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4001
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002899
name: hippocampal sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The hippocampal sulcus, also known as the hippocampal fissure, is a sulcus that separates the dentate gyrus from the subiculum and the CA1 field in the hippocampus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hippocampal_sulcus]
comment: AO notes - two classes in ncit (in general ncit distinguishes between fissure and sulcus, whereas FMA treats these as exact synonyms)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dentate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83747]
synonym: "hippocampal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83747]
synonym: "sulcus hippocampalis, sulcus hippocampi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hippocampal_sulcus]
synonym: "sulcus hippocampi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4004]
xref: FMA:83747
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4004
xref: SCTID:369101000
xref: UMLS:C0228251
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg/200px-Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hippocampal_Fissure
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002900
name: transverse occipital sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sulcus occipitalis transversus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4013]
xref: BTO:0003786
xref: FMA:83786
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4013
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002901
name: posterior calcarine sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "postcalcarine sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83787]
synonym: "posterior calcarine fissure" EXACT [FMA:83787]
synonym: "posterior part of calcarine sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83787]
synonym: "sulcus calcarinus posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4015]
xref: FMA:83787
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4015
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002903
name: lunate sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lunate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83788]
synonym: "sulcus lunatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4017]
synonym: "sulcus simialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4017]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-LUS
xref: FMA:83788
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4017
xref: UMLS:C0262278
xref: ncithesaurus:Lunate_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002904
name: lateral occipital sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "In the occipital lobe, the lateral occipital sulcus extends from behind forward, and divides the lateral surface of the occipital lobe into a superior and an inferior gyrus, which are continuous in front with the parietal and temporal lobes. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_occipital_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sulcus occipitalis lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4018]
xref: FMA:83785
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4018
xref: SCTID:369219003
xref: UMLS:C0228229
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Gray727_lateral-occipital_sulcus.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Gray727_lateral-occipital_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray727_lateral-occipital_sulcus.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral-occipital_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002905
name: intralingual sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sulcus intralingualis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4019]
xref: FMA:83789
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4019
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002906
name: anterior occipital sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ascending limb of the inferior temporal sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023]
synonym: "posterior inferior temporal sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023]
synonym: "sulci occipitales superiores" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023]
synonym: "sulcus annectans" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023]
synonym: "sulcus occipitalis anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023]
xref: FMA:75758
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002907
name: superior postcentral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "postcentral dimple" EXACT [FMA:83775]
synonym: "sulcus postcentralis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4025]
xref: FMA:83775
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4025
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002908
name: subparietal sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "splenial sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83777]
synonym: "sulcus subparietalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4026]
synonym: "suprasplenial sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83777]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-SPS
xref: FMA:83777
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4026
xref: SCTID:279352008
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002909
name: posterior subcentral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sulcus subcentralis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4027]
xref: FMA:83778
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4027
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002910
name: posterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ascending terminal ramus of sylvian fissure" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior ascending limb of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83761]
synonym: "posterior ramus of lateral cerebral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83761]
synonym: "ramus posterior ascendens fissurae lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4028]
synonym: "ramus posterior sulci lateralis cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83761, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:83761
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4028
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002911
name: parietal operculum
namespace: uberon
def: "The parietal operculum, forming the superior bank of the sylvian fissure, as studied in the cat, contains the secondary somatosensory representation, 'S-II', and a second somatotopic representation (parietal ventral, or PV). Anatomically, primate S-II receives inputs from area 3 and area 1, and projects to PV and area 7. PV has projections to area 5 and premotor areas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parietal_operculum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "operculum parietale" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4029]
xref: FMA:74889
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4029
xref: SCTID:362353000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Operculum.png/200px-Operculum.png
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002912
name: marginal sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The marginal sulcus is the portion of the cingulate sulcus adjacent to the paracentral lobule and the precuneus. It is sometimes known as the 'marginal part of the cingulate sulcus'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Marginal_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83773]
synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83773]
synonym: "ramus marginalis sulci cingulati" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4030]
synonym: "ramus marginalis sulci cinguli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83773, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ramus marginalis; sulcus marginalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Marginal_sulcus]
xref: FMA:83773
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4030
xref: SCTID:279351001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Gray727_marginal_sulcus.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Gray727_marginal_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray727_marginal_sulcus.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002913
name: intraparietal sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The intraparietal sulcus (IPS) is located on the lateral surface of the parietal lobe, and consists of an oblique and a horizontal portion. The IPS contains a series of functionally distinct subregions that have been intensively investigated using both single cell neurophysiology in primates and human functional neuroimaging. Its principal functions are related to perceptual-motor coordination (for directing eye movements and reaching) and visual attention. The IPS is also thought to play a role in other functions, including processing symbolic numerical information, visuospatial working memory and interpreting the intent of others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intraparietal_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "Turner sulcus" RELATED [BTO:0003787]
synonym: "interparietal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83772]
synonym: "intraparietal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83772]
synonym: "intraparietal sulcus of Turner" RELATED [BTO:0003787]
synonym: "sulcus interparietalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4031]
synonym: "sulcus intraparietalis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0003787, Wikipedia:Intraparietal_sulcus]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-IPS
xref: BTO:0003787
xref: FMA:83772
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4031
xref: SCTID:279338006
xref: UMLS:C0228213
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Gray726_intraparietal_sulcus.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gray726_intraparietal_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray726_intraparietal_sulcus.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Intraparietal_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002914
name: inferior postcentral sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sulcus postcentralis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4032]
xref: FMA:83776
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4032
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002915
name: postcentral sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The postcentral sulcus of the parietal lobe lies parallel to, and behind, the central sulcus in the human brain. (A sulcus is one of the prominent grooves on the surface of the brain. ) The postcentral sulcus divides the postcentral gyrus from the remainder of the parietal lobe. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Postcentral_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "postcentral fissure of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:83774]
synonym: "postcentral fissure-1" EXACT [FMA:83774]
synonym: "structure of postcentral sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4033]
synonym: "sulcus postcentralis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4033, Wikipedia:Postcentral_sulcus]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PoCS
xref: FMA:83774
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4033
xref: SCTID:279339003
xref: UMLS:C0228212
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Postcentral_sulcus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Postcentral_sulcus.png/200px-Postcentral_sulcus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Postcentral_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002916
name: central sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The central sulcus is a fold in the cerebral cortex of brains in vertebrates. Also called the central fissure, it was originally called the fissure of Rolando or the Rolandic fissure, after Luigi Rolando. The central sulcus is a prominent landmark of the brain, separating the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe and the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Central_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "central cerebral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83752]
synonym: "central fissure" EXACT [FMA:83752]
synonym: "central sulcus of rolando" EXACT []
synonym: "fissure of rolando" EXACT []
synonym: "rolandic fissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035]
synonym: "sulcus centralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035]
synonym: "sulcus centralis (rolandi)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035]
synonym: "sulcus centralis cerebri" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035, Wikipedia:Central_sulcus]
synonym: "sulcus of rolando" EXACT []
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-CS
xref: FMA:83752
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvjMKxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:279340001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Gray726_central_sulcus.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Central_sulcus.png/200px-Central_sulcus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Sulcus_of_Rolando
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002917
name: regional part of inferior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a inferior colliculus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "inferior colliculus segment" EXACT [FMA:77871]
synonym: "segment of inferior colliculus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4036]
xref: FMA:77871
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4036
is_a: UBERON:0002966  ! regional part of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002918
name: medial parabrachial nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Medial parabrachial nucleus is a nucleus of the pons which constitutes part of the pneumotaxic center. It gets its name from its location relative to the superior cerebellar peduncles, which is also known as the 'brachia conjunctiva'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_parabrachial_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus parabrachialis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_parabrachial_nucleus]
xref: FMA:72480
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4038
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002919
name: anterior parolfactory sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "paraolfactory sulci" EXACT PLURAL [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4039]
synonym: "paraolfactory sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83744]
synonym: "sulcus parolfactorius anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4039]
xref: FMA:83744
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4039
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002920
name: callosal sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The callosal sulcus is a sulcus in the brain between the cingulate gyrus and corpus callosum, below the longitudinal cerebral fissure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Callosal_sulcus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sulcus corporis callosi" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4040, Wikipedia:Callosal_sulcus]
synonym: "sulcus of corpus callosum" EXACT [FMA:83743]
xref: FMA:83743
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4040
xref: SCTID:279349000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Gray727_sulcus_of_the_corpus_callosum.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Gray727_sulcus_of_the_corpus_callosum.svg/200px-Gray727_sulcus_of_the_corpus_callosum.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002922
name: olfactory trigone
namespace: uberon
def: "The olfactory trigone is a small triangular area in front of the anterior perforated substance. Its apex, directed forward, occupies the posterior part of the olfactory sulcus, and is brought into view by throwing back the olfactory tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_trigone]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "trigonum olfactorium" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4042, Wikipedia:Olfactory_trigone]
xref: FMA:74883
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4042
xref: SCTID:369102007
xref: UMLS:C0228279
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Trigonum_Olfactorium
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005366 ! olfactory lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002923
name: posterior parolfactory sulcus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:83745
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4043
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002924
name: terminal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The terminal nerve, located anterior to cranial nerve I, is comprised of a group of cells with somata adjacent to the olfactory bulb and processes that extend anteriorly to the olfactory epithelium and posteriorly to the telencephalon. In teleost fish an additional group of axons extends along the optic tract and delivers putative neuromodulators to the retina.  It is thought to develop from cranial neural crest." [PMID:15821344, Wikipedia:Terminal_nerve, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-041202-1]
comment: PMID:2286018 state: 'The presence of an additional cranial nerve (the nervus terminalis or cranial nerve zero) is well documented in many non-human vertebrate species. However, its existence in the adult human has been disputed. The present study focused on the structure and incidence of this nerve in the adult human brain. The nerve was examined post-mortem in 10 adult brains using dissection microscopy, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. In all specimens, the nervus terminalis was identified bilaterally as a microscopic plexus of unmyelinated peripheral nerve fascicles in the subarachnoid space covering the gyrus rectus of the orbital surface of the frontal lobes. The plexus appeared in the region of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid and coursed posteriorly to the vicinity of the olfactory trigone, medial olfactory gyrus, and lamina terminalis. We conclude that the terminal nerve is a common finding in the adult human brain, confirming early light microscopic reports.'
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cranial nerve 0" EXACT [Wikipedia:Terminal_nerve]
synonym: "cranial nerve zero" EXACT [Wikipedia:Terminal_nerve]
synonym: "nervus terminalis" EXACT [ZFA:0001356]
xref: EFO:0003678
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4044
xref: TAO:0001356
xref: ZFA:0001356
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
property_value: external_definition "The terminal nerve, located anterior to cranial nerve I, is comprised of a group of cells with somata adjacent to the olfactory bulb and processes that extend anteriorly to the olfactory epithelium and posteriorly to the telencephalon. In teleost fish an additional group of axons extends along the optic tract and delivers putative neuromodulators to the retina.  It is thought to develop from cranial neural crest. Whitlock 2004. Also see Grens, Greenwood and Fernald, Brain Behav Evol 2005; 66(1):1-9.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002925
name: trigeminal nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a trigeminal nuclear complex." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note massive inconsistencies between GO, MA, wikipedia. Part of pons in MA, but this leads to inconsistencies with ABA. See https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3291162&group_id=76834&atid=1205376
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini" RELATED [BTO:0001074]
synonym: "nucleus mesencephalicus trigeminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001074]
synonym: "nucleus of trigeminal nuclear complex" EXACT [FMA:71247]
synonym: "nucleus tractus mesencephali nervi trigeminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001074]
synonym: "trigeminal V nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001028]
synonym: "trigeminal nuclear complex nucleus" EXACT [FMA:71247]
synonym: "trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:71248]
xref: BM:V
xref: BTO:0001074
xref: EV:0100271
xref: FMA:71247
xref: GAID:604
xref: MA:0001028
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.931
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nifext_11
xref: SCTID:280164007
xref: UMLS:C0040999
xref: VHOG:0001353
xref: ncithesaurus:Trigeminal_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007641 ! trigeminal nuclear complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007641 ! trigeminal nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002926
name: gustatory epithelium
namespace: uberon
comment: editor note - see also epithelium of tongue and subclasses
xref: FMA:62412
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4099
is_a: UBERON:0003357  ! epithelium of tongue
is_a: UBERON:0006934  ! sensory epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002930
name: tectopontine tract
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fibrae tectopontinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72505, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tectopontine fibers" EXACT [FMA:72505]
synonym: "tectopontine fibres" EXACT [FMA:72505]
xref: FMA:72505
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_701
xref: SCTID:3301002
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002931
name: dorsal septal nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:61877
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_704
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002932
name: trapezoid body
namespace: uberon
def: "The trapezoid body is part of the acoustic pathway. It is a bundle of fibers and cells in the pontine tegmentum. It consists of fibers arising from the ventral cochlear nucleus. A collection of nerve cells inside forms a trapezoid nucleus. The superior olivary nucleus is situated on the dorsal surface of the trapezoid body. Most nerve fibers pass directly from the superior olivary nuclei to the inferior colliculus. Axons leaving the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) form a broad pathway that crosses under the brain stem in the trapezoid body. A thin pathway, the intermediate acoustic stria, also leaves the VCN, merging with the trapezoid body close to the superior olivary complex, where many of its axons synapse. Axons leaving the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) form the dorsal acoustic stria, which reaches primarily the contralateral dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus and the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trapezoid_body]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "corpus trapezoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trapezoid_body]
xref: BM:TB
xref: FMA:72487
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_707
xref: SCTID:369019006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Gray760.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Gray760.png/200px-Gray760.png
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002933
name: nucleus of anterior commissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior commissure nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61883]
synonym: "bed nucleus of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61883]
synonym: "nucleus of commissura anterior" EXACT [FMA:61883]
xref: ABA:BAC
xref: BM:Tel-ACN
xref: FMA:61883
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_712
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002663 ! septal nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002934
name: ventral oculomotor nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:72422]
xref: FMA:72422
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_713
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002935
name: magnocellular part of ventral anterior nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "magnocellular division of ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62192]
synonym: "magnocellular ventral anterior nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716]
synonym: "nucleus lateropolaris (magnocellularis)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716]
synonym: "nucleus lateropolaris magnocellularis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716]
synonym: "nucleus rostralis lateralis situs perifascicularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716]
synonym: "nucleus thalamicus ventral anterior, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716]
synonym: "pars magnocellularis nuclei ventralis anterior thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62192, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62192]
synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [FMA:62192]
synonym: "ventral anterior thalamic nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62192]
synonym: "ventroanterior thalamic nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716]
xref: BM:Die-Th-VA-VAmc
xref: FMA:62192
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002637 ! ventral anterior nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002936
name: magnocellular part of red nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "paleoruber" EXACT [FMA:72431]
synonym: "red nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:72431]
xref: FMA:72431
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_720
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001947 ! red nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002937
name: parvicellular part of ventral anterior nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior (dewulf)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_722]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_722]
synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [FMA:62191]
synonym: "ventral anterior thalamic nucleus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62191]
synonym: "ventralis anterior (jones)" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62191
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_722
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002637 ! ventral anterior nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002938
name: parvocellular part of red nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "neoruber" EXACT [FMA:72430]
synonym: "red nucleus, parvocellular part" EXACT [FMA:72430]
xref: FMA:72430
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_725
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001947 ! red nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002939
name: ventral posteroinferior nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior inferior thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62199, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ventral posterior inferior nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62199]
synonym: "ventral posterior inferior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62199]
synonym: "ventral posterior inferior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62199]
xref: BM:Die-Th-VPI
xref: BTO:0002464
xref: BTO:0004373
xref: BTO:0004374
xref: EV:0100209
xref: FMA:62199
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_728
xref: SCTID:369173003
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002940
name: anterior column of fornix
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61966]
synonym: "anterior pillar of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61966]
xref: FMA:61966
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_731
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002941
name: capsule of red nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "red nuclear capsule" EXACT [FMA:72450]
xref: FMA:72450
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_732
xref: SCTID:369245007
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001947 ! red nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002942
name: ventral posterolateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) is a nucleus of the thalamus. Together with the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) it constitutes the ventral posterior nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_posterolateral_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterolateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterolateralis thalami" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737, Wikipedia:Ventral_posterolateral_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis thalami posterior lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737]
synonym: "posterolateral ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62200]
synonym: "posterolateral ventral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737]
synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62200]
synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737]
synonym: "ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62200]
xref: ABA:VPL
xref: FMA:62200
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737
xref: SCTID:369171001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002945

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002944
name: spinothalamic tract of medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the medulla" [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_741]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "spinothalamic tract" BROAD [FMA:72644, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_741]
xref: FMA:72644
xref: GAID:703
xref: MESH:A08.186.854.761
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_741
xref: SCTID:360570003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007703 ! spinothalamic tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002945
name: ventral posteromedial nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral posteromedial nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_posteromedial_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "arcuate nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62202]
synonym: "arcuate nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "arcuate nucleus-3" EXACT [FMA:62202]
synonym: "nucleus arcuatus thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "nucleus semilunaris thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743, Wikipedia:Ventral_posteromedial_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus ventrocaudalis anterior internus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "posteromedial ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62202]
synonym: "posteromedial ventral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "semilunar nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62202]
synonym: "thalamic gustatory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62202]
synonym: "ventral posterior medial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62202]
synonym: "ventral posterior medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62202]
synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
synonym: "ventroposteromedial nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743]
xref: ABA:VPM
xref: BM:Die-Th-VPM
xref: FMA:62202
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743
xref: SCTID:369172008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002596 ! ventral posterior nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002942

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002946
name: regional part of cerebellum
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebellum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "segment of cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_748]
xref: FMA:256150
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_748
xref: SCTID:119242005
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002947
name: frontal operculum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "operculum frontale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Operculum_%28brain%29]
xref: FMA:74886
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_751
xref: SCTID:362352005
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002949
name: tectospinal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the superior colliculus of the midbrain towards target cells in the ventral spinal cord[GO]." [Wikipedia:Tectospinal_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "held's bundle" EXACT [FMA:72620]
synonym: "tectospinal pathway" EXACT [FMA:72620]
synonym: "tractus tectospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tectospinal_tract]
xref: BM:TSp
xref: FMA:72620
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_759
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gray670.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray670.png/200px-Gray670.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002950
name: regional part of midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "midbrain segment" EXACT [FMA:61997]
synonym: "segment of midbrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_763]
xref: FMA:61997
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_763
xref: SCTID:119239004
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002951
name: regional part of intermediate hypothalamic region
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a intermediate hypothalamic region [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region segment" EXACT [FMA:62310]
synonym: "segment of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_767]
xref: FMA:62310
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_767
is_a: UBERON:0003048  ! regional part of hypothalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002555 ! intermediate hypothalamic region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002555 ! intermediate hypothalamic region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002952
name: intermediate acoustic stria
namespace: uberon
synonym: "commissure of held" EXACT []
synonym: "intermediate acoustic stria (held)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_768]
synonym: "intermediate acoustic stria of held" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72497
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_768
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002953
name: lateral lemniscus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003042
def: "The lateral lemniscus is a tract of axons in the brainstem that carries information about sound from the cochlear nucleus to various brainstem nuclei and ultimately the contralateral inferior colliculus of the midbrain. Three distinct, primarily inhibitory, cellular groups are located interspersed within these fibers, and are thus named the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_lemniscus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lateral fillet" EXACT [FMA:72502]
synonym: "lemniscus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_lemniscus]
xref: BM:Pons-LL
xref: FMA:72502
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_976
xref: SCTID:362399003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Lateral_lemniscus.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lateral_lemniscus.PNG/200px-Lateral_lemniscus.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0003001  ! lemniscus
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002954
name: dorsal hypothalamic area
namespace: uberon
xref: BM:Die-Hy-HDA
xref: FMA:62339
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_777
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002955
name: rhomboidal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus commissuralis rhomboidalis" RELATED [BTO:0002458]
synonym: "nucleus rhomboidalis" RELATED [BTO:0002458]
synonym: "rhomboid nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62154]
synonym: "rhomboid thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62154]
xref: ABA:RH
xref: BTO:0002458
xref: FMA:62154
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_778
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002956
name: granular layer of cerebellar cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer." [GO:0021681]
synonym: "cerebellar granular layer" EXACT [GO:0021681]
synonym: "cerebellar granule cell layer" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebellar granule layer" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebellum granule cell layer" EXACT [MA:0000993]
synonym: "cerebellum granule layer" EXACT []
synonym: "granule cell layer of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_779]
xref: ABA:CBXgr
xref: BTO:0004425
xref: FMA:83140
xref: MA:0000993
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_779
xref: UMLS:C1708253
xref: ncithesaurus:Granular_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0004130  ! cerebellar layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002979

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002957
name: caudal central oculomotor nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "caudal central nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72426]
synonym: "caudal central nucleus of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72426]
xref: FMA:72426
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_780
xref: SCTID:369239004
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002958
name: medial lemniscus of pons
namespace: uberon
def: "A medial lemniscus that is part of a pons [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medial lemniscus of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pons medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pons of varolius medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72503
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_781
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0003002  ! medial lemniscus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
intersection_of: UBERON:0003002  ! medial lemniscus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002959
name: subfascicular nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:62155
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_783
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002960
name: central oculomotor nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "central nucleus of perlia" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of perlia" EXACT []
synonym: "spitzka's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72425]
xref: FMA:72425
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_786
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002961
name: archicortex
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of the cerebral cortex that, with the paleocortex, develops in association with the olfactory system, and which is phylogenetically older than the neocortex and lacks its layered structure. The embryonic archicortex corresponds to the cortex of the dentate gyrus and hippocampus in mature mammals. Being part of the limbic system, it has functions related to emotions and formation of memory. Signals being sent from the limbic lobe to the hippocampal formations can go via the archicortex as an intermediate." [Wikipedia:Archicortex]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "archipallium" EXACT [FMA:62424]
xref: EHDAA2:0004496
xref: FMA:62424
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_787
xref: SCTID:423918008
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002962
name: adductor pollicis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the adductor pollicis muscle is a muscle in the manus that functions to adduct the thumb. It has two heads: transverse and oblique. It is a fleshy, flat, triangular, and fan-shaped muscle deep in the thenar compartment beneath the long flexor tendons and the lumbrical muscles at the center of the palm. It overlies the metacarpal bones and the interosseous muscles[WP]." [Wikipedia:Adductor_pollicis_muscle]
synonym: "adductor pollicis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Adductor_pollicis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus adductor pollicis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Adductor_pollicis_muscle]
xref: FMA:37380
xref: SCTID:181649004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Musculusadductorpollicis.png
is_a: UBERON:0001500  ! muscle of manus
is_a: UBERON:0011145  ! adductor muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001527 ! abductor pollicis longus
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0008465 ! abductor pollicis brevis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004445 ! proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 1
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0007993 ! ulnar sesamoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002963
name: caudal pontine reticular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The caudal pontine reticular nucleus is composed of gigantocellular neurons. In rabbits and cats it is exclusively giant cells, however in humans there are normally sized cells as well. The pontis caudalis is rostral to the gigantocellular nucleus and is located in the caudal pons, as the name would indicate. The pontis caudalis has been known to mediate head movement, in concert with the nucleus gigantocellularis and the superior colliculus. The neurons in the dorsal half of this nuclei fire rhythmically during mastication, and in an anesthetized animal it is possible to induce mastication via electrical stimulation of the PC or adjacent areas of the gigantocellular nucleus. The pontis caudalis is also thought to play a role in the grinding of teeth during sleep. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Caudal_pontine_reticular_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Caudal_pontine_reticular_nucleus]
synonym: "pontine reticular nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:72469]
xref: ABA:PRNc
xref: FMA:72469
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_792
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007413  ! nucleus of pontine reticular formation
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002964
name: dorsal oculomotor nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:62442]
xref: FMA:62442
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_793
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002965
name: rostral intralaminar nuclei
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nuclei intralaminares rostrales" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_794]
synonym: "rostral intralaminar nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62164]
synonym: "rostral intralaminar nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62164]
xref: FMA:62164
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_794
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002966
name: regional part of midbrain tectum
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a midbrain tectum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "midbrain tectum segment" EXACT [FMA:62398]
synonym: "segment of midbrain tectum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_795]
xref: FMA:62398
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_795
is_a: UBERON:0002950  ! regional part of midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002967
name: cingulate gyrus
namespace: uberon
def: "A gyrus in the medial part of the brain. It partially wraps around the corpus callosum and is limited above by the cingulate sulcus. The cortical part of the cingulate gyrus is referred to as cingulate cortex.[Wikipedia]. The cingulate gyrus receives inputs from the anterior nucleus of the thalamus and the neocortex, as well as from somatosensory areas of the cerebral cortex. It projects to the entorhinal cortex via the cingulum. It functions as an integral part of the limbic system, which is involved with emotion formation and processing, learning, and memory. Also, executive control needed to suppress inappropriate unconscious priming is known to involve the anterior cingulate gyrus. It is also involved in respiratory control." [Wikipedia:Cingulate_gyrus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cingulate area" EXACT [FMA:62434]
synonym: "cingulate region" EXACT [FMA:62434]
synonym: "falciform lobe" EXACT [FMA:62434]
synonym: "upper limbic gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62434]
xref: BM:Tel-CG
xref: BTO:0003976
xref: FMA:62434
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_798
xref: SCTID:279208003
xref: UMLS:C0018427
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png/200px-Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cingulate_Gyrus
is_a: UBERON:0000200  ! gyrus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002968
name: central gray substance of pons
namespace: uberon
synonym: "central gray of pons" EXACT [FMA:72470]
synonym: "pontine central gray" EXACT [FMA:72470]
xref: ABA:PCG
xref: FMA:72470
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_799
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002969
name: inferior temporal sulcus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "inferior temporal sulcus-1" EXACT [FMA:83784]
synonym: "middle temporal sulcus (szikla)" EXACT []
synonym: "second temporal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83784]
synonym: "sulcus t2" EXACT [FMA:83784]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-ITS
xref: FMA:83784
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_800
xref: SCTID:279346007
xref: UMLS:C0228242
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Temporal_Sulcus
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002970
name: intermediate oculomotor nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intermediate oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:72420]
xref: FMA:72420
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_803
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002971
name: periolivary nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal periolivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72475]
synonym: "nuclei periolivares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72475, FMA:TA]
synonym: "peri-olivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72475]
xref: FMA:72475
xref: MA:0002757
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_804
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002972
name: centromedian nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "In the anatomy of the brain, the centromedian nucleus, also known as the centrum medianum, (CM or Cm-Pf) is a part of the intralaminar nucleus (ILN) of the thalamus. There are two centromedian nuclei arranged bilaterally. It contains about 2000 neurons per cubic millimetre and has a volume of about 310 cubic millimetres with 664,000 neurons in total. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Centromedian_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "central magnocellular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62165]
synonym: "central nucleus-1" EXACT [FMA:62165]
synonym: "centre median nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62165]
synonym: "centromedian nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62165]
synonym: "centromedian thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62165]
synonym: "centrum medianum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805]
synonym: "centrum medianum thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805]
synonym: "noyau centre median of luys" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus centralis centralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805]
synonym: "nucleus centralis thalami (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805]
synonym: "nucleus centri mediani thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805]
synonym: "nucleus centromedianus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805]
synonym: "nucleus centromedianus thalami" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805, Wikipedia:Centromedian_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus centrum medianum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805]
xref: EV:0100215
xref: FMA:62165
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805
xref: SCTID:279162007
xref: UMLS:C0920328
xref: ncithesaurus:Centromedian_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002733 ! intralaminar nuclear group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002974
name: molecular layer of cerebellar cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells" [GO:0021679]
comment: Taxon notes: Compare with ZFA:0000636 - cerebellar crest, which is also composed of parallel fibers but located in a more restricted nucleus within the cerebellum
synonym: "cerebellar molecular layer" EXACT [GO:0021679]
synonym: "cerebellum molecular cell layer" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebellum molecular layer" EXACT []
xref: FMA:83897
xref: MA:0000996
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_810
xref: SCTID:369045002
xref: UMLS:C1709064
xref: ncithesaurus:Molecular_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0004130  ! cerebellar layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002975
name: medial oculomotor nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:72421]
xref: FMA:72421
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_813
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002976
name: preolivary nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "preolivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72474]
xref: FMA:72474
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_814
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007247  ! superior olivary nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002977
name: triangular septal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus triangularis septi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61880, FMA:TA]
synonym: "triangular nucleus of septum" EXACT [FMA:61880]
synonym: "triangular nucleus septum (cajal)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_816]
xref: ABA:TRS
xref: BM:Tel-Spt-STN
xref: FMA:61880
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_816
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007629

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002978
name: oral part of ventral lateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus lateralis oralis situs principalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis, pars oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817]
synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis externus, anterior part (van buren)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817]
synonym: "subnucleus rostralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817]
synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, pars densicellularis" EXACT [FMA:62193]
synonym: "ventral lateral anterior nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62193]
synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62193]
synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62193]
xref: FMA:62193
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002979
name: Purkinje cell layer of cerebellar cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO:0021680]
synonym: "Purkinje cell layer" EXACT [FMA:83896]
synonym: "cerebellar Purkinje cell layer" EXACT [FMA:83896, GO:0021694]
synonym: "cerebellum Purkinje cell layer" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebellum Purkinje layer" EXACT []
xref: ABA:CBXpu
xref: BTO:0004909
xref: FMA:83896
xref: MA:0000997
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_818
xref: SCTID:369046001
xref: UMLS:C1709776
xref: ncithesaurus:Purkinje_Cell_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0004130  ! cerebellar layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002956

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002980
name: opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "opercular portion of inferior frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61981]
synonym: "pars opercularis gyri frontalis inferioris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_823]
synonym: "posterior part of inferior frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61981]
xref: FMA:61981
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_823
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002981
name: pulvinar nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The pulvinar is the caudal-most nucleus of the thalamus. The pulvinar is usually grouped as one of the lateral thalamic nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pulvinar_nuclei]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nuclei pulvinares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62178, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62178]
synonym: "pulvinar nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62178]
synonym: "pulvinar thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_824]
xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl
xref: BTO:0004352
xref: EV:0100213
xref: FMA:62178
xref: GAID:662
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.485.600
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_824
xref: SCTID:279157006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray719.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray719.png/200px-Gray719.png
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002982
name: inferior pulvinar nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris inferior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830]
synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris thalami, pars inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830]
xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Pli
xref: FMA:62183
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002983
name: lateral posterior nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral posterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62177]
synonym: "lateral posterior nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835]
synonym: "lateral posterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62177]
synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62177]
synonym: "nucleus dorso-caudalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835]
synonym: "nucleus dorsocaudalis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis posterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis thalami posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835]
synonym: "posterior lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62177]
xref: ABA:LP
xref: BM:Die-Th-LP
xref: BTO:0004351
xref: EV:0100212
xref: FMA:62177
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835
xref: SCTID:279155003
xref: UMLS:C0228341
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Posterior_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002709
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003033

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002984
name: lateral dorsal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62176]
synonym: "lateral dorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62176]
synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838]
synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838]
synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus, superficial part" EXACT [FMA:62176]
synonym: "laterodorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62176]
synonym: "nucleus dorsalis lateralis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62176, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus dorsalis superficialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838]
synonym: "nucleus dorsolateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis dorsalis of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis dorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838]
synonym: "nucleus lateralis thalami dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838]
xref: ABA:LD
xref: BM:Die-Th-LD
xref: BTO:0004349
xref: BTO:0004350
xref: EV:0100211
xref: FMA:62176
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838
xref: SCTID:279154004
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002679
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002681
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002685

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002985
name: ventral nucleus of medial geniculate body
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial geniculate complex, ventral part" EXACT [FMA:62217]
synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus, ventral part" EXACT [FMA:62217]
synonym: "medial nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845]
synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati medialis, pars ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845]
synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis fasciculosus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845]
synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis pars ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis corporis geniculati medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62217, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ventral nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [FMA:62217]
synonym: "ventral principal nucleus of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62217]
xref: ABA:MGv
xref: BM:Die-Th-MG-MGv
xref: BTO:0002671
xref: FMA:62217
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002758
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002759

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002986
name: neurofilament
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Neurofilament]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "neuronal intermediate filament" EXACT [FMA:63859]
xref: FMA:63859
xref: GO:0005883
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_846
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1316272517
xref: UMLS:C0027834
xref: ncithesaurus:Neurofilament
is_a: UBERON:0003000  ! intermediate filament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002987
name: anterior spinocerebellar tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral spinocerebellar tract conveys proprioceptive information from the body to the cerebellum. It is part of the somatosensory system and runs in parallel with the dorsal spinocerebellar tract. Both these tracts involve two neurons and end up on the same side of the body. The ventral tract (under L2/L3) gets its proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration information from a first order neuron, with its cell body in a dorsal ganglion. The axon runs via the fila radicularia to the dorsal horn of the grey matter. There it makes a synapse with the dendrites of two neurons: they send their axons bilaterally to the ventral border of the lateral funiculi. The ventral spinocerebellar tract then enters the cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle. This is in contrast with the dorsal spinocerebellar tract (C8 - L2/L3), which only has 1 unilateral axon that has its cell body in the Clarke's nuclei (only at the level of C8 - L2/L3). The fibers of the ventral spinocerebellar tract then eventually enter the cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle. This is one of the few afferent tracts through the superior cerebellar peduncle. Originates from ventral horn at lumbosacral spinal levels. Axons first cross midline in the spinal cord and run in the ventral border of the lateral funiculi. These axons ascend up to the pons where they join the superior cerebellar peduncle to enter the cerebellum. Once in the deep white matter of the cerebellum, the axons recross the midline, give off collaterals to the globose and emboliform nuclei, and terminate in the cortex of the anterior lobe and vermis of the posterior lobe. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_spinocerebellar_tract]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gower's tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_848]
synonym: "gowers' tract" EXACT [FMA:72642]
synonym: "ventral spinocerebellar tract" EXACT [FMA:72642]
xref: FMA:72642
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_848
xref: SCTID:369285001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005413 ! spinocerebellar tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002988
name: first dorsal interosseous of manus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "abductor indicis" EXACT [FMA:37424]
synonym: "first dorsal interosseous of hand" EXACT [FMA:37424]
xref: FMA:37424
xref: SCTID:245003002
is_a: UBERON:0001503  ! dorsal interosseous of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002989
name: anconeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "small muscle on the posterior aspect of the elbow joint." [Wikipedia:Anconeus_muscle]
comment: Some consider anconeus to be a continuation of the triceps brachii muscle. Some sources consider it to be part of the posterior compartment of the arm, while others consider it part of the posterior compartment of the forearm.
synonym: "anconeus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anconeus_muscle]
synonym: "m. anconeus" EXACT [AAO:0010714]
synonym: "musculus anconeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anconeus_muscle]
xref: AAO:0010714
xref: FMA:37704
xref: SCTID:244993003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray1232.png
is_a: UBERON:0004255  ! forelimb stylopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006810 ! olecranon
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 ! ectepicondyle of humerus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001492 ! radial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002990
name: mammillothalamic tract of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:62059
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_855
xref: SCTID:369139008
is_a: UBERON:0003931  ! diencephalic white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002991
name: supramammillary commissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "commissure of forel" EXACT []
synonym: "commissure y" EXACT [FMA:62056]
synonym: "postmammillary decussation" EXACT [FMA:62056]
synonym: "supramammillary decussation" EXACT [FMA:62056]
xref: FMA:62056
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_859
xref: SCTID:369148003
is_a: UBERON:0011590  ! commissure of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002992
name: paratenial nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the median nuclei of the thalamus, situated ventral and medial to the stria medullaris." [BTO:0002457]
synonym: "nucleus parataenialis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002457, FMA:62151, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus parataenialis thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002457]
synonym: "parataenial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62151]
synonym: "paratenial nucleus of thalamus" RELATED [BTO:0002457]
synonym: "paratenial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62151]
xref: ABA:PT
xref: BTO:0002457
xref: FMA:62151
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_860
xref: SCTID:422800004
is_a: UBERON:0007692  ! nucleus of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002705 ! midline nuclear group
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001920

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002993
name: inferior central nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - compare with UBERON:0002881
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "inferior central nucleus (of roller)" EXACT [FMA:72466]
synonym: "inferior central nucleus of raphe" EXACT [FMA:72466]
synonym: "inferior central tegmental nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72466]
xref: FMA:72466
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_861
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007413  ! nucleus of pontine reticular formation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002573 ! pontine reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002994
name: nucleus of pretectal area
namespace: uberon
synonym: "pretectal area nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72401]
xref: FMA:72401
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_864
is_a: UBERON:0003047  ! regional part of pretectal region
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002995
name: substantia nigra pars lateralis
namespace: uberon
def: "Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of loosely packed cells, generally located ventral and lateral to the pars compacta.  Many cells in this region use GABA as a neurotransmitter (MM)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_866]
comment: _:comment___:_:@___:_:source__NIF___:.__disjointness violation - relationship: part_of UBERON:0001966
synonym: "Substantia nigra, lateral part" EXACT [ABA:SNI]
synonym: "lateral part of substantia nigra" EXACT [FMA:76844]
synonym: "pars lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_866]
xref: ABA:SNI
xref: FMA:76844
xref: MA:0001065
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_866
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0002950  ! regional part of midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002996
name: nucleus of optic tract
namespace: uberon
synonym: "large-celled nucleus of optic tract" EXACT [FMA:72403]
synonym: "lentiform nucleus of pretectal area" EXACT [FMA:72403]
synonym: "nucleus of the optic tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_868]
synonym: "optic tract nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72403]
xref: ABA:NOT
xref: FMA:72403
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_868
is_a: UBERON:0003047  ! regional part of pretectal region
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002565
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002711
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006848

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002997
name: nucleus of medial eminence
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial eminence nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72467]
synonym: "nucleus of eminentia teres" EXACT [FMA:72467]
xref: FMA:72467
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_870
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0002999
name: oral pontine reticular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The oral pontine reticular nucleus is delineated from its caudal brother, with which it shares its first three names. This nucleus tapers into the lower mesencephalic reticular formation and contains sporadic giant cells. Different populations of the pontis oralis have displayed discharge patterns which coordinate with phasic movements to and from paradoxical sleep. From this information it has been implied that the n.r. pontis oralis is involved in the mediation of changing to and from REM sleep. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Oral_pontine_reticular_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nucleus reticularis pontis oralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oral_pontine_reticular_nucleus]
synonym: "pontine reticular nucleus, rostral part" EXACT [FMA:72468]
xref: ABA:PRNv
xref: FMA:72468
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_875
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007413  ! nucleus of pontine reticular formation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003000
name: intermediate filament
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Intermediate_filament]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:63851
xref: GAID:1079
xref: GO:0005882
xref: MESH:A11.284.195.190.750.410
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_879
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao952483289
xref: UMLS:C0021770
xref: ncithesaurus:Intermediate_Filament
is_a: UBERON:0000470  ! cell part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003001
name: lemniscus
namespace: uberon
def: "A bundle or band of sensory nerve fibers. ribbon, from Greek lemniskos." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_881, Wikipedia:Lemniscus_(anatomy)]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:76742
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_881
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003002
name: medial lemniscus
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial lemniscus, also known as Reil's band or Reil's ribbon, is a pathway in the brainstem that carries sensory information from the gracile and cuneate nuclei to the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_lemniscus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lemniscus medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_lemniscus]
xref: BM:LM
xref: FMA:83675
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_887
xref: SCTID:362398006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray759.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray759.png/200px-Gray759.png
is_a: UBERON:0003001  ! lemniscus
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003003
name: microfilament
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Microfilament]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "actin filament" EXACT [FMA:63850]
synonym: "microfilament" EXACT [FMA:63850]
synonym: "microfilamentum" EXACT [FMA:63850]
xref: FMA:63850
xref: GAID:1080
xref: GO:0005884
xref: MESH:A11.284.195.190.750.510
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_888
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao2006047981
xref: UMLS:C0025979
xref: ncithesaurus:Actin_Filament
is_a: UBERON:0000470  ! cell part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003004
name: median raphe nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The median raphe nucleus (or superior central nucleus) is composed of polygonal, fusiform and pyriform neurons and exists rostral to the nucleus raphe pontis. One trait of the MRN is its inhibition by lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocin, two serotonin antagonist hallucinogens. The inactivation of the nucleus centralis superior via LSD produces a dose dependent inactivation in the MRN, but not in the raphe pallidus[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Median_raphe_nucleus, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3248146&group_id=36855]
comment: TODO: The term medial raphe nucleus refers to a composite structure that consists of the superior central nucleus and the inferior central nucleus of the pontine reticular formation ( Carpenter-1983 )[http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=h&ID=1391]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "MRN" EXACT []
synonym: "cell group b8" EXACT []
synonym: "medial raphe nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "median nucleus of the raphe" EXACT [FMA:72465]
synonym: "nucleus raphes medianus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72465, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus raphes medianus, nucleus centralis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_raphe_nucleus]
synonym: "superior central nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72465]
synonym: "superior central nucleus raphe" EXACT [FMA:72465]
synonym: "superior central tegmental nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72465]
xref: ABA:CS
xref: BM:MR
xref: FMA:72465
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_889
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007415  ! nucleus of midbrain reticular formation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002639 ! midbrain reticular formation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 ! raphe nuclei
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003005
name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bundle of Schutz of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72453
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_893
is_a: UBERON:0003045  ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
intersection_of: UBERON:0003045  ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003006
name: dorsal nucleus of lateral lemniscus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72483]
synonym: "nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, dorsal part" EXACT [ABA:NLLd]
synonym: "nucleus posterior lemnisci lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72483, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior nucleus of lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72483]
xref: ABA:NLLd
xref: BM:LLD
xref: FMA:72483
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_894
is_a: UBERON:0006840  ! nucleus of lateral lemniscus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003007
name: lateral parabrachial nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral parabrachial nucleus induces thirst by stimulating the median preoptic nucleus. It gets its name from its location relative to the superior cerebellar peduncles, which is also known as the 'brachia conjunctiva'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_parabrachial_nucleus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: FMA:72481
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_897
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003008
name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a hypothalamus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bundle of Schutz of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bundle of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bundle of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hypothalamus bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hypothalamus dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hypothalamus fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hypothalamus posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:62063
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_898
is_a: UBERON:0003045  ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0003931  ! diencephalic white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area
intersection_of: UBERON:0003045  ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003009
name: dorsal tegmental decussation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Meynert's decussation" EXACT [FMA:72451]
synonym: "decussatio tegmentalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72451, FMA:TA]
synonym: "dorsal fountain decussation" EXACT [FMA:72451]
synonym: "fountain decussation of Meynert" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior tegmental decussation" EXACT [FMA:72451]
xref: FMA:72451
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_901
xref: SCTID:369248009
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003010
name: lateral pes lemniscus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "deep pes lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72459]
synonym: "lateral pontine bundle" EXACT [FMA:72459]
synonym: "laterale haubenfussschleife" EXACT []
synonym: "laterale pontine buendel" EXACT []
xref: FMA:72459
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_902
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003011
name: facial motor nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The facial motor nucleus is a collection of neurons in the brainstem that belong to the facial nerve. These lower motor neurons innervate the muscles of facial expression and the stapedius. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Facial_motor_nucleus]
comment: see comments for facial nucleus. also check ZFA/pons
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "branchiomotor nucleus of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54582]
synonym: "facial motor nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54582]
synonym: "facial nerve motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000206]
synonym: "facial nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Facial_nucleus]
synonym: "motor nucleus VII" EXACT [ZFA:0000206]
synonym: "motor nucleus of VII" EXACT [FMA:54582]
synonym: "motor nucleus of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54582]
synonym: "n. nervi facialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_motor_nucleus]
synonym: "nVII" EXACT [ZFA:0000206]
synonym: "nucleus motorius nervi facialis" EXACT [ZFA:0000206]
xref: ABA:VII
xref: FMA:54582
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_903
xref: TAO:0000206
xref: ZFA:0000206
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Gray788.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray788.png/200px-Gray788.png
is_a: UBERON:0000127  ! facial nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003012
name: flocculonodular lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "The flocculonodular lobe is a lobe of the cerebellum consisting of the nodule and the flocculus. It is closely associated with the vestibulocerebellum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flocculonodular_lobe]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cerebellum flocculonodular lobe" EXACT [MA:0002965]
synonym: "flocculonodular lobe" EXACT [FMA:72253]
synonym: "flocculonodular lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72253]
synonym: "lobus flocculonodularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72253, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior lobe-2 of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72253]
xref: EV:0100297
xref: FMA:72253
xref: MA:0002965
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_904
xref: SCTID:279361008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png/200px-CerebellumDiv.png
is_a: UBERON:0005293  ! cerebellum lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003013
name: alar central lobule
namespace: uberon
def: "The lobulus centralis is a small square lobule, situated in the anterior cerebellar notch. It overlaps the lingula, from which it is separated by the precentral fissure; laterally, it extends along the upper and anterior part of each hemisphere, where it forms a wing-like prolongation, the alar central lobule. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Alar_central_lobule]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ala lobuli centralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alar_central_lobule]
synonym: "alae of central lobule" EXACT [FMA:72517]
synonym: "lobules II, III of vermis" EXACT [FMA:72517]
xref: FMA:72517
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_907
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray702.png
is_a: UBERON:0004003  ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003021 ! central lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003015
name: anterior quadrangular lobule
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior crescentic lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72516]
synonym: "anterior quadrangular lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72516]
synonym: "anterior quadrangular lobule of cerebellum [H IV et V]" EXACT [FMA:72516]
synonym: "anterior semilunar lobule" EXACT [FMA:72516]
synonym: "lobulus quadrangularis anterior cerebelli [h iv et v]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72516, FMA:TA]
synonym: "semilunar lobule-1 (anterior)" EXACT [FMA:72516]
xref: FMA:72516
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_913
xref: SCTID:369041006
is_a: UBERON:0004003  ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003016
name: postcommissural fornix
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:62062
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_914
is_a: UBERON:0000052  ! fornix of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003931  ! diencephalic white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003017
name: substantia innominata
namespace: uberon
def: "The substantia innominata (literally 'unnamed substance') of Meynert is a stratum consisting partly of gray and partly of white substance, which lies below the anterior part of the thalamus and lentiform nucleus. The gross anatomical structure is called anterior perforated substance because to the naked eye looks perforated by many holes. Holes are due to many blood vessels that pass through this area. It is part of the basal forebrain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Substantia_innominata]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "innominate substance" EXACT [FMA:61885]
synonym: "nucleus of substantia innominata" EXACT [FMA:61885]
synonym: "substantia innominata of Reichert" RELATED [BTO:0002447]
synonym: "substantia innominata of Reil" RELATED [BTO:0002447]
xref: ABA:SI
xref: BM:Tel-SI
xref: BTO:0002447
xref: FMA:61885
xref: GAID:638
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.820
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_915
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG/200px-Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002743 ! basal forebrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002778 ! ventral pallidum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007627

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003018
name: parvicellular part of ventral posteromedial nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "gustatory nucleus (thalamus)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917]
synonym: "gustatory thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62207]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior medialis thalami, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917]
synonym: "pars parvicellularis nuclei ventralis posteromedialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62207, FMA:TA]
synonym: "parvicellular part of ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62207]
synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62207]
synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus, parvocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62207]
synonym: "ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62207]
synonym: "ventroposteromedial nucleus of the thalamus, parvicellular part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917]
xref: ABA:VPMpc
xref: FMA:62207
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003019
name: oral part of ventral posterolateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918]
synonym: "nucleus posteroventralis oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius (dewulf)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius (walker)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918]
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior lateralis, pars oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918]
synonym: "nucleus ventrointermedius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918]
synonym: "ventral part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62205]
synonym: "ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62205]
xref: FMA:62205
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003020
name: subcallosal area
namespace: uberon
def: "The subcallosal area (parolfactory area of Broca, area parolfactoria) is a small triangular field on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the subcallosal gyrus, from which it is separated by the posterior parolfactory sulcus; it is continuous below with the olfactory trigone, and above and in front with the cingulate gyrus; it is limited anteriorly by the anterior parolfactory sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subcallosal_area]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "adolfactory area" EXACT [FMA:61890]
synonym: "area paraolfactoria" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61890, FMA:TA]
synonym: "area subcallosa, area parolfactoria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcallosal_area]
synonym: "paraolfactory area" EXACT [FMA:61890]
synonym: "parolfactory area" EXACT [FMA:61890]
xref: FMA:61890
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_919
xref: SCTID:362357004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003021
name: central lobule
namespace: uberon
def: "The central lobule is a small square lobule, situated in the anterior cerebellar notch. It overlaps the lingula, from which it is separated by the precentral fissure; laterally, it extends along the upper and anterior part of each hemisphere, where it forms a wing-like prolongation, the ala lobuli centralis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Central_lobule]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72519]
synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum [II and III]" EXACT [FMA:72519]
synonym: "lobulus centralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Central_lobule]
synonym: "lobulus centralis cerebelli [ii et iii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72519, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:CENT
xref: FMA:72519
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_920
xref: SCTID:279383007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Gray703.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Gray703.png/200px-Gray703.png
is_a: UBERON:0004003  ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004077

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003022
name: lobe parts of cerebral cortex
namespace: uberon
comment: check w.r.t regional part of cerebreal cortex
synonym: "cerebral cortical segment" RELATED [FMA:68603]
synonym: "regional organ part of cerebral cortex" RELATED [FMA:68603]
synonym: "segment of cerebral cortex" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_922]
xref: FMA:68603
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_922
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003023
name: pontine tegmentum
namespace: uberon
def: "The pontine tegmentum is a part of the pons of the brain involved in the initiation of REM sleep. It includes the pedunculopontine nucleus and the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, among others, and is located near the raphe nucleus and the locus ceruleus. The trapezoid body is part of the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_tegmentum]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "dorsal portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:71108]
synonym: "tegmental portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:71108]
synonym: "tegmentum of pons" EXACT [FMA:71108]
synonym: "tegmentum pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71108, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Pontine_tegmentum]
xref: FMA:71108
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_923
xref: SCTID:362401009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Brainstem_Abducens.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Brainstem_Abducens.png/200px-Brainstem_Abducens.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002047 ! pontine raphe nucleus
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002148 ! locus ceruleus
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002149 ! superior salivatory nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003024
name: principal part of ventral posteromedial nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis, pars prinicipalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_927]
xref: FMA:62208
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_927
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003025
name: brachium of inferior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Brachium of inferior colliculus (or inferior brachium) carries auditory afferent fibers from the inferior colliculus of the mesencephalon to the medial geniculate nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_inferior_colliculus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "brachium colliculi inferioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_inferior_colliculus]
synonym: "brachium of medial geniculate" EXACT [FMA:71114]
synonym: "inferior brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114]
synonym: "inferior collicular brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114]
synonym: "inferior colliculus brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114]
synonym: "inferior quadrigeminal brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114]
synonym: "peduncle of inferior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71114]
xref: BM:MB-BSC
xref: FMA:71114
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_929
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003026
name: limitans nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "limitans thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931]
synonym: "nucleus limitans" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931]
synonym: "nucleus limitans opticus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931]
synonym: "nucleus limitans thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931]
xref: BM:Die-Th-L
xref: FMA:62220
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931
xref: SCTID:369181002
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003027
name: cingulate cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The cingulate cortex is a part of the brain situated in the medial aspect of the cortex. It is extended from the corpus callosum below to the cingulate sulcus above, at least anteriorly. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cingulate_cortex]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gyrus cingulatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cingulate_cortex]
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-Cg
xref: BTO:0003975
xref: EFO:0000343
xref: MA:0000904
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_934
xref: UMLS:C0598179
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png/200px-Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cingulate_Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0003022  ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003028
name: commissure of inferior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "A commissure that is part of a inferior colliculus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caudal colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "commissure of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "commissure of inferior colliculi" EXACT [FMA:71115]
synonym: "commissure of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "commissure of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior collicular commissure" EXACT [FMA:71115]
synonym: "inferior colliculus commissure" EXACT [FMA:71115]
synonym: "posterior colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:71115
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_935
xref: SCTID:369260005
is_a: UBERON:0005970  ! brain commissure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003029
name: stria terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "The stria terminalis (terminal stria) is a structure in the brain consisting of a band of fibers running along the lateral margin of the ventricular surface of the thalamus. Serving as a major output pathway of the amygdala, the stria terminalis runs from its corticomedial division to the ventral medial nucleus of the hypothalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "semicircular stria" EXACT [FMA:61974]
synonym: "stria terminalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis]
synonym: "terminal stria" EXACT [Wikipedia:Terminal_stria]
xref: BM:ST
xref: BM:STr
xref: BTO:0004616
xref: FMA:61974
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_937
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Gray683.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gray683.png/200px-Gray683.png
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003030
name: posterior nucleus of thalamus
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "caudal thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000325]
synonym: "nucleus posterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_939]
xref: BM:Die-Th-Po
xref: FMA:62221
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_939
xref: SCTID:424901000
xref: TAO:0000325
xref: UMLS:C0262315
xref: ZFA:0000325
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003031
name: submedial nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "gelatinosus thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62223]
synonym: "nucleus submedialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62223, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nucleus submedius thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946]
synonym: "submedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62223]
synonym: "submedial nucleus thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946]
synonym: "submedial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946]
xref: ABA:SMT
xref: EV:0100203
xref: FMA:62223
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946
xref: SCTID:279151007
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002739

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003033
name: suprageniculate nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus suprageniculatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_953]
synonym: "suprageniculate thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62222]
xref: ABA:SGN
xref: BM:Die-Th-SG
xref: FMA:62222
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_953
xref: SCTID:369180001
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002709
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002983

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003034
name: central dorsal nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus centralis dorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956]
synonym: "nucleus centralis superior lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956]
synonym: "nucleus centralis superior lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956]
synonym: "nucleus circularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956]
xref: ABA:NC
xref: FMA:62169
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003035
name: regional part of cerebellar white matter
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a white matter of cerebellum." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "segment of cerebellar white matter" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_959]
xref: FMA:72547
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_959
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002317 ! white matter of cerebellum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002317 ! white matter of cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003036
name: central lateral nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "central lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62170]
synonym: "central lateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62170]
synonym: "centrolateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62170]
synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_961]
synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_961]
xref: ABA:CL
xref: BM:Die-CL
xref: EV:0100205
xref: FMA:62170
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_961
xref: SCTID:279153005
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003037
name: septum
namespace: uberon
def: "a wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones[WP]." [Wikipedia:Septum]
comment: general anatomical term in FMA
synonym: "septa" EXACT PLURAL []
xref: AAO:0011127
xref: BM:Tel-Spt
xref: FMA:86461
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rrqot_on_EdaAAAACs0uFOQ
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity
property_value: has_relational_adjective "septal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003038
name: thoracic spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "The thoracic nerves are the spinal nerves emerging from the thoracic vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_spinal_cord]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "segmenta thoracica medullae spinalis [1-12]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71167, FMA:TA]
synonym: "thoracic region of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71167]
synonym: "thoracic segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71167]
synonym: "thoracic segments of spinal cord [1-12]" EXACT [FMA:71167]
synonym: "thoracic spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71167]
xref: FMA:71167
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_966
xref: SCTID:278750009
xref: UMLS:C0581620
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Gray820.png/200px-Gray820.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003039
name: anterior commissure anterior part
namespace: uberon
def: "the horseshoe-shaped tract that connects the two olfactory bulbs." [MP:0010859]
synonym: "anterior commissure pars anterior" EXACT [MP:0010859]
synonym: "anterior commissure, anterior part" EXACT [FMA:61963]
synonym: "anterior part of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61963, MP:0008230]
synonym: "olfactory limb of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61963]
synonym: "olfactory part of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61963]
synonym: "pars anterior" BROAD [MP:0008230]
synonym: "pars anterior commissurae anterioris" EXACT [MP:0008230]
xref: FMA:61963
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_969
is_a: UBERON:0002437  ! cerebral white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000935 ! anterior commissure
disjoint_from: UBERON:0006964  ! pars distalis of adenohypophysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003040
name: central gray substance of midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "Periaqueductal gray (PAG; also called the 'central gray') is the gray matter located around the cerebral aqueduct within the midbrain. It plays a role in the descending modulation of pain and in defensive behaviour. The ascending pain and temperature fibers of the spinothalamic tract also send information to the PAG via the spinomesencephalic tract. The spinomesencephalic tract is so-named because the fibers originate in the spine and terminate in the mesencephalon, another name for the midbrain, the part of the brain in which the PAG resides. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Periaqueductal_gray, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3209233&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: TODO - resolve MA - see tracker
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anulus of cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [FMA:74510]
synonym: "central (periaqueductal) gray" EXACT [FMA:74510]
synonym: "central grey" RELATED [MA:0000209]
synonym: "griseum centrale" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_973]
synonym: "midbrain periaqueductal grey" EXACT [MA:0000209]
synonym: "periaquectuctal grey" EXACT DUBIOUS [MA:0002895, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3209233&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
synonym: "periaqueductal gray" EXACT [FMA:74510]
synonym: "periaqueductal gray matter" EXACT [FMA:74510]
synonym: "periaqueductal gray of tegmentum" EXACT [FMA:74510]
synonym: "periaqueductal grey" EXACT [MA:0002895]
synonym: "periaqueductal grey matter" EXACT [EV:0100249]
synonym: "periaqueductal grey substance" EXACT [FMA:74510]
synonym: "s. grisea centralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Periaqueductal_gray]
synonym: "substantia grisea centralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_973]
xref: ABA:PAG
xref: BM:MB-PAG
xref: BTO:0002701
xref: EFO:0002470
xref: EV:0100249
xref: FMA:74510
xref: GAID:585
xref: MA:0000209
xref: MA:0002895
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.822.595
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_973
xref: SCTID:369233003
xref: TAO:0000518
xref: ZFA:0000518
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003041
name: trigeminal nerve fibers
namespace: uberon
synonym: "central part of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72501]
synonym: "trigeminal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72501]
synonym: "trigeminal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72501]
xref: FMA:72501
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_974
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003043
name: posterior part of anterior commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "the major forebrain commissure that connects the two temporal lobes of the cortex." [MP:0010860]
synonym: "anterior commissure pars posterior" EXACT [MP:0010860]
synonym: "anterior commissure temporal limb" EXACT [MP:0008230]
synonym: "anterior commissure, posterior part" EXACT [FMA:61964]
synonym: "pars posterior" BROAD [MP:0008229]
synonym: "temporal limb of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61964]
xref: FMA:61964
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_977
is_a: UBERON:0002437  ! cerebral white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000935 ! anterior commissure
disjoint_from: UBERON:0003217  ! neural lobe of neurohypophysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003044
name: uncinate fasciculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The uncinate fasciculus is a white matter tract in the human brain that connects parts of the limbic system such as the hippocampus and amygdala in the temporal lobe with frontal ones such as the orbitofrontal cortex. Its function is unknown though it is affected in several psychiatric conditions. It is the last white matter tract to mature in the human brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Uncinate_fasciculus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cerebral uncinate fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:77636]
xref: FMA:77636
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_983
xref: SCTID:369083001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray751.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gray751.png/200px-Gray751.png
is_a: UBERON:0001019  ! fascicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003045
name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal longitudinal fasciculus (DLF) (not to be confused with the medial longitudinal fasciculus) is a white matter fiber tract located within the brain stem, specifically in the dorsal brainstem tegmentum. The DLF travels through the periaqueductal gray matter. The tract is comprised of a diffuse brainstem pathway located in the periventricular gray matter comprising ascending visceral sensory axons and descending hypothalamic axons. As with all white matter tracts, the DLF consists of myelinated axons carrying information between neurons. The DLF, carries both ascending and descending fibers, conveys visceral motor and sensory signals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_longitudinal_fasciculus]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "DLF" RELATED [ZFA:0005266]
synonym: "bundle of Schutz" EXACT [FMA:83845]
synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83845, FMA:TA]
synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis posterior; fasciculus longitudinalis dorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_longitudinal_fasciculus]
synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [FMA:83845]
synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:83845]
xref: FMA:83845
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_986
xref: SCTID:369082006
xref: ZFA:0005266
is_a: UBERON:0005838  ! fasciculus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003046
name: ventral acoustic stria
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior acoustic stria" EXACT [FMA:72498]
synonym: "stria cochlearis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72498, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:72498
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_991
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003047
name: regional part of pretectal region
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a pretectal region [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "pretectal region segment" EXACT [FMA:74519]
synonym: "segment of pretectal region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_993]
xref: FMA:74519
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_993
is_a: UBERON:0002966  ! regional part of midbrain tectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003048
name: regional part of hypothalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a hypothalamus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "hypothalamus segment" EXACT [FMA:67706]
synonym: "segment of hypothalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_995]
xref: FMA:67706
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_995
xref: SCTID:360454003
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003050
name: olfactory placode
namespace: uberon
def: "A thick plate of cells derived from the neural ectoderm in the head region of the embryo that develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity." [Wikipedia:Nasal_placode, XAO:0000005]
comment: Olfactory placodes are the only ectodermal placodes to produce glia, a cell type typically derived from neural crest // Note that NBK53171 classifies this as non-neurogenic
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "nasal I placode" RELATED []
synonym: "nasal placode" RELATED []
synonym: "olfactory placodes" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "placoda nasalis" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "placoda olfactoria" EXACT LATIN []
xref: AAO:0011076
xref: EFO:0003420
xref: EHDAA2:0001232
xref: EHDAA:1504
xref: EMAPA:16543
xref: TAO:0000048
xref: VHOG:0000186
xref: XAO:0000005
xref: ZFA:0000048
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
is_a: UBERON:0009955  ! neurogenic placode
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (2) neurogenic placodes (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003051
name: ear vesicle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004373
def: "The saccular invagination of ectoderm from which the vertebrate inner ear develops[BTO]. Epithelial sac present beside the fifth rhombomere; forms the semicircular canals dorsally and the otolith organs ventrally, and houses the acoustico-vestibular sensory epithelia (maculae) of hair cells[ZFA]. epithelial sac of invaginated ectoderm formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear[MP]" [BTO:0002661, MP:0009806, Wikipedia:Otic_vesicle, ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "OV" RELATED []
synonym: "acoustic vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0001148]
synonym: "auditory vesicle" RELATED [BTO:0002661]
synonym: "otic vesicle" EXACT []
synonym: "otocyst" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011080
xref: BTO:0002661
xref: EHDAA2:0001342
xref: EMAPA:16669
xref: SCTID:308792006
xref: TAO:0000051
xref: UMLS:C1518678
xref: VHOG:0001148
xref: XAO:0000006
xref: ZFA:0000051
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray40.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray40.png/200px-Gray40.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Otic_Vesicle
is_a: UBERON:0005085  ! ectodermal placode
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009123 ! otic cup
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
property_value: external_definition "Epithelial sac present beside the fifth rhombomere; forms the semicircular canals dorsally and the otolith organs ventrally, and houses the acoustico-vestibular sensory epithelia (maculae) of hair cells. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of the paired sacs of invaginated ectoderm that develop into the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear. [Biology_online][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The inner ear develops embryonically in all vertebrates as an invagination of the ectodermal otic placode to form an otic vesicle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003052
name: midbrain-hindbrain boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the brain that is the morphological boundary between the midbrain and hindbrain and that is the location of an organizing center which patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate." [GO:0021555]
comment: editor note: consider adding class for organizer. Consider adding separate class for isthmus as a structure
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "MHB" EXACT []
synonym: "isthmo-cerebellar region" RELATED [VHOG:0000649]
synonym: "isthmus" RELATED []
synonym: "isthmus/MHB" RELATED [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782]
synonym: "mid-hindbrain boundary" EXACT []
synonym: "mid-hindbrain junction" EXACT []
synonym: "midbrain hindbrain boundary" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011064
xref: EHDAA2:0004395
xref: EHDAA:5789
xref: TAO:0000042
xref: VHOG:0000649
xref: XAO:0000016
xref: ZFA:0000042
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009615 ! midbrain hindbrain boundary neural plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: homology_notes "Lampreys also have an MHB [midbrain hindbrain boundary], expressing a similar repertoire of regulatory gene cognates as in gnathostomes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003053
name: ventricular zone
namespace: uberon
def: "Proliferative region that is part of the ventricular system." [ZFA:0001083]
comment: in BTO this is restricted to the 4th ventricle - however this class also represents the early ventricular zone as well as its post-natal remnants. The MA class is named 'ventricular zone of brain' and is presumably restricted to the post-natal zone
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "VZ" EXACT []
synonym: "brain ventricular zone" EXACT [MA:0000819]
synonym: "ventricular zone of brain" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011112
xref: BTO:0003654
xref: EFO:0003624
xref: MA:0000819
xref: TAO:0001083
xref: VHOG:0001224
xref: XAO:0000021
xref: ZFA:0001083
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Proliferative zone in the region of the neural tube adjacent to the lumen." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "There are two primary regions that are thought to give rise to neurons that make up the cerebellum. The first region is the ventricular zone (the roof of the fourth ventricle). This area produces Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar nuclear neurons[BTO:0003654]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003054
name: roof plate
namespace: uberon
def: "a single row of glia at the dorsal midline of the developing neural tube. This region provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types and of the specification of neural crest cells. The cells comprising the roof plate are the precursors to radial glial cells." [GO:0021509, PMID:15378040]
comment: TODO - Note that although this is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the roof plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. Consider 'roof plate of neural tube'. TODO - alar plate vs roof plate
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "alar plate" RELATED [Wikipedia:Roof_plate]
synonym: "roofplate" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011097
xref: TAO:0007058
xref: ZFA:0007058
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure that is the dorsal-most aspect of the devleloping neural tube.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003055
name: periderm
namespace: uberon
def: "A temporary epithelium that derives from the outer layer of the ectdoerm and is shed once the inner layer differentiates to form a true epidermis." [ISBN:9780878932504]
comment: Originally the epidermis is one layer thick, in most vertebrates it soon becomes a two-layered structure. The outer layer gives rise to the periderm. The periderm goes through distinct developmental phases and is ultimately sloughed into the amniotic fluid when differentiation of the underlying epidermal layers is complete. The function of the periderm is not known, but is thought to be related to transport/exchange between the fetus and the amniotic fluid (http://courses.washington.edu/hubio567/devbio/periderm.html)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "EVL" RELATED [ZFA:0001185]
synonym: "epidermis epithelial layer" RELATED []
synonym: "epidermis outer layer" RELATED []
synonym: "periderm" RELATED []
synonym: "skin periderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001846]
xref: EHDAA2:0001846
xref: EHDAA:6538
xref: TAO:0001185
xref: UMLS:C1518973
xref: VHOG:0001680
xref: XAO:0000029
xref: ZFA:0001185
xref: ncithesaurus:Periderm
is_a: UBERON:0000487  ! simple squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007383 ! enveloping layer of ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of ectoderm (TAO:0000016) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The outermost epidermal layer covering the fish at embryonic stages; derived from the EVL and thought to eventually be replaced by the superficial stratum of the epidermis. Sometimes used synonymously with EVL. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003056
name: pre-chordal neural plate
namespace: uberon
def: "The portion of neural plate anterior to the mid-hindbrain junction." [XB:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "anterior neural plate" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011084
xref: TAO:0007016
xref: VHOG:0001200
xref: XAO:0000045
xref: ZFA:0007016
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0009774 ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003057
name: chordal neural plate
namespace: uberon
def: "The portion of neural plate posterior to the mid-hindbrain junction." [XB:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
synonym: "posterior neural plate" RELATED []
xref: TAO:0007017
xref: VHOG:0001201
xref: XAO:0000046
xref: ZFA:0007017
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate
relationship: posterior_to UBERON:0009774 ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003058
name: hypochord
namespace: uberon
def: "The hypochord is a transient rod-like structure in the embryos of fish, lampreys and amphibians that is located immediately ventral to the notochord. The hypochord may play a role in positioning the dorsal aorta[GO]. near metamorphosis the hypochord fuses to the coccyx, thereby forming the urostyle[AAO]" [AAO:0000733, GO:0055016, ISBN:0815318960, PMID:10648245]
comment: Unlike in frogs and axolotl, the hypochord does not appear to be endodermally derived[ZFA]
subset: dubious_grouping  ! Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked
synonym: "subnotochordal rod" EXACT [GO:0055016, PMID:10648245]
xref: AAO:0000733
xref: EFO:0003475
xref: TAO:0000031
xref: VHOG:0000081
xref: XAO:0000056
xref: ZFA:0000031
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
property_value: external_definition "A transient rod-like structure which is endodermally derived and located immediately ventral to the notochord. The hypochord is thought to play a role in positioning the dorsal aorta. Eriksson and Lofberg, 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Unsegmented ventral structure in the caudal region of anuran larvae; near metamorphosis the hypochord fuses to the coccyx, thereby forming the urostyle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In other words, we identified variations in gene expression patterns that may contribute to a molecular basis of evolutionary variation of axial structures between Teleostei and Mammalia in the determination of body axis. As already mentioned, one such difference is illustrated by the hypochord present in lower vertebrates but absent in higher animals. Perhaps, Tbx-b and Tbx-c are involved in the mechanisms underlying the formation of this organ that were lost during later evolution leading to the disappearance of the hypochord itself, similarly to other organs, such as the lateral line.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003059
name: presomitic mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. <a href='http://zfin.org/cgi-bin/ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-961014-576'>Kimmel et al, 1995.</a>" [ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "PSM" RELATED []
synonym: "presumptive somite mesoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "segmental plate" EXACT []
synonym: "somitogenic mesoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "unsegmented mesenchyme" RELATED [VHOG:0000559]
synonym: "unsegmented paraxial mesoderm" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: AAO:0011086
xref: EFO:0001982
xref: TAO:0000279
xref: VHOG:0000559
xref: XAO:0000057
xref: ZFA:0000279
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007282 ! presumptive segmental plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It is reasonable to assume that the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates had an amphioxus-like tail bud in its larval stage. This archetypal tail bud would have (...) (3) lacked any component of mesenchyme cells, (4) budded off new mesodermal segments directly, without any intervening zone of presomitic mesoderm (...). Then, early in vertebrate evolution, epithelium-to-mesenchyme interconversions (and the gene networks for effecting them) became prominent features of development. (...) In any case, conspicuous mesenchymal components tended to be added to the vertebrate tail bud itself. In addition, a mesenchymatous presomitic mesoderm (not a part of the tail bud proper) came to intervene between the tail bud and the forming somites.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003060
name: pronephric duct
namespace: uberon
def: "In mammals, the pronephric duct is the predecessor of the Wolffian duct[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pronephric_duct]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "archinephric duct" RELATED [VHOG:0000082]
synonym: "ductus pronephricus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pronephric_duct]
xref: AAO:0011088
xref: SCTID:361406002
xref: TAO:0000150
xref: UMLS:C1283945
xref: VHOG:0000082
xref: XAO:0000063
xref: ZFA:0000150
xref: ncithesaurus:Pronephric_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0009201  ! nephric duct
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005721 ! pronephric mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
property_value: external_definition "Duct of the embryonic kidney, present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the anal region where it empties separately from, and just posterior to the anus. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The first-formed kidney duct, which drains the kidney of most anamniotes and becomes the ductus deferens of male amniotes. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-3, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) in all craniates, the archinephric duct develops in embryogeny.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003061
name: blood island
namespace: uberon
def: "Blood islands are structures in the developing embryo which lead to many different parts of the circulatory system. They primarily derive from plexuses formed from angioblasts. Within them, vacuoles appear through liquefaction of the central part of the syncytium into plasma. The lumen of the blood vessels thus formed is probably intracellular. The flattened cells at the periphery form the endothelium. The nucleated red blood corpuscles develop either from small masses of the original angioblast left attached to the inner wall of the lumen or directly from the flat endothelial cells. In either case the syncytial mass thus formed projects from and is attached to the wall of the vessel. Such a mass is known as a blood island and hemoglobin gradually accumulates within it. Later the cells on the surface round up, giving the mass a mulberry-like appearance. Then the red blood cells break loose and are carried away in the plasma. Such free blood cells continue to divide. Blood islands have been seen in the area vasculosa in the omphalomesenteric vein and arteries, and in the dorsal aorta[WP, unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Blood_island_of_umbilical_vesicle]
comment: AO notes: EHDAA2 distinguishes 3 types, but does not have a superclass. The VHOG class may refer to yolk sac
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "VBI" RELATED []
synonym: "blood islands" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "caudal hematopoietic tissue" RELATED []
synonym: "posterior ICM" RELATED []
synonym: "posterior blood island" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral blood island" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral lateral plate mesoderm" BROAD []
xref: AAO:0011006
xref: EFO:0003489
xref: EHDAA:207
xref: TAO:0000094
xref: TE:E5.11.2.0.0.0.4
xref: UMLS:C1511224
xref: VHOG:0000085
xref: XAO:0000067
xref: ZFA:0000094
xref: ncithesaurus:Blood_Island
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of intermediate cell mass of mesoderm (TAO:0000033)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Nests of developing blood cells arising late in the segmentation period from the intermediate mass, and located in the anterior-ventral tail, just posterior to the yolk extension. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Region located on the ventral surface of the developing embryo that is a site of hematopoiesis and that is analogous to the yolk sac blood islands of higher vertebrates.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Small clusters of mesodermal cells called blood islands mark the embryonic debut of the cardiovascular system (in vertebrates) (reference 1); In birds and mammals, primitive hemangioblasts are extraembryonic, populating the yolk sac as the so-called blood islands (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003062
name: primitive knot
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004018
def: "organizer for gastrulation in vertebrates. The primitive knot starts as a regional knot of cells that forms on the blastodisc immediately anterior to where the outer layer of cells will begin to migrate inwards - an area known as the primitive streak. Posterior to the node is the primitive pit, where the cells of the epiblast (the upper layer of embryonic cells) initially begin to invaginate. This invagination expands posteriorly into the primitive groove as the cells layers continue to move into the space between the embryonic cells and the yolk. This differentiates the embryo into the germ layers - endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. The primitive knot migrates posteriorly as gastrulation proceeds, eventually being absorbed into the tail bud.[WP]. the regional thickening of cells at the rostral tip of the vertebrate primitive streak through which gastrulating cells migrate anteriorally to form tissues in the future head and neck; this region organizes the formation of the three embryonic layers and establishes the longitudinal axis and the polarity of the embryo[MP]." [MP:0004066, Wikipedia:Primitive_knot, Wikipedia:Regional_specification#Dorsal.2Fventral_axis_.26_organizer]
comment: This class groups together possibly disparate structures, following homology class in vHOG; early development terms need review
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "DMZ" RELATED [VHOG:0000598]
synonym: "Hensen node" EXACT SENSU [GAID:1312, Wikipedia:Primitive_knot]
synonym: "Hensen's node" EXACT SENSU [GAID:1312, Wikipedia:Primitive_knot]
synonym: "Spemann Mangold organizer" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0000071]
synonym: "Spemann's organizer" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0000071]
synonym: "dorsal marginal zone" RELATED [XAO:0000072]
synonym: "embryo organizer" EXACT [GAID:1312]
synonym: "embryonic organizer" EXACT [GAID:1312]
synonym: "embryonic shield" EXACT [http://zfin.org/zf_info/zfbook/stages/gast.html]
synonym: "node" BROAD [EMAPA:16075, ISBN:9780878932504]
synonym: "nodus primitivus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Primitive_knot]
synonym: "organizer" EXACT [ZFA:0000071]
synonym: "primitive node" EXACT [Wikipedia:Primitive_knot]
synonym: "shield" EXACT [ZFA:0000071]
xref: AAO:0000346
xref: BILA:0000053
xref: BTO:0003395
xref: EHDAA2:0001272
xref: EHDAA:549
xref: EMAPA:16075
xref: GAID:1312
xref: MESH:A16.254.650
xref: SCTID:361464001
xref: TAO:0000071
xref: UMLS:C1283999
xref: VHOG:0000598
xref: XAO:0000072
xref: ZFA:0000071
xref: ncithesaurus:Primitive_Node
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010188  ! protuberance
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007283 ! presumptive shield
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002541 ! germ ring
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004341 ! primitive streak
property_value: external_definition "A signaling center that directs the development of the whole embryo or of part of the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Embryonic structure that is a local accumulation of cells along the germ ring.  The shield marks the dorsal side of the embryo[ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]." xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The organizer is a central feature of vertebrate embryogenesis. It was first characterized in functional terms in amphibians by Spemann and Mangold (1924), and homologous tissues have since been identified in representatives of most other vertebrate classes, including mammals (the node), birds (Henson's node) and teleost fish (the embryonic shield).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003063
name: prechordal plate
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004881
def: "a thickening of the endoderm at the cranial end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells. The prechordal plate and the notochord induce the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells[GO]. Axial hypoblast located anterior to the chordamesoderm; the polster is its most anterior region[ZFA]. Uniquely thickened portion of the endoderm that is in contact with ectoderm immediately rostral to the cephalic tip of the notochord[WP]." [Wikipedia:Prechordal_plate, ZFIN:curator]
comment: todo - check; developmental relationship to anterior hypoblast in ZFA?
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "head mesenchyme" BROAD [XAO:0000079]
synonym: "head mesoderm" BROAD [XAO:0000079]
xref: AAO:0011085
xref: EHDAA2:0001493
xref: EHDAA:181
xref: TAO:0000060
xref: VHOG:0000086
xref: XAO:0000079
xref: ZFA:0000060
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003068 ! axial mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "Axial hypoblast located anterior to the chorda mesoderm; the polster is its most anterior region. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Axial mesoderm that lies anterior to the notochord and that underlies the forebrain. [Amphioxus_goosecoid_and_the_evolution_of_the_head_organizer_and_prechordal_plate._Evolution_and_Development_(2008)_2(6):303-310, Neidert_AH, Panopoulou_G_and_Langeland_JA][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "There are two opposing models that can potentially explain the differences in gsc (goosecoid) expression between amphioxus and vertebrates. In one model, the vertebrate gsc expression pattern more closely resembles the common ancestral state and the amphioxus gsc expression pattern is a derivation associated with its unique morphology. (...) In an alternate model, the amphioxus gsc expression pattern most closely represents the common ancestral state and the vertebrate pattern is derived. This model suggests that the evolution of vertebrates was accompanied by the segregation of gsc expression, from a more general domain underlying the entire brain anlage to a distinct forebrain organizer domain and subsequent prechordal plate. We feel this second model is more parsimonious than the first model in that what would be novel anterior gsc expression in vertebrates directly correlates with a novel vertebrate anterior structure, the prechordal plate.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003064
name: intermediate mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "The intermediate mesoderm is located between the lateral mesoderm and the paraxial mesoderm. It develops into the kidney and gonads." [GOC:curators, Wikipedia:Intermediate_mesoderm]
comment: note that all AOs differ in the relationship between this structure and the mesoderm; in ZFA it is a subclass (and this is implied by the GO definition and GO relationships), in AAO it is part of, and in EHDAA2 it develops from the mesoderm (but in EHDAA2 the naming convention is to use 'paraxial mesenchyme', rather than 'paraxial mesoderm').
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "IM" RELATED []
synonym: "intermediate mesenchyme" RELATED [UBERONREF:0000002]
synonym: "intermediate plate mesoderm" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "mesenchyma intermedium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intermediate_mesoderm]
xref: AAO:0010575
xref: EMAPA:16178
xref: SCTID:361476001
xref: TAO:0001206
xref: UMLS:C1284010
xref: VHOG:0000087
xref: XAO:0000085
xref: ZFA:0001206
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Intermediate_Mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme
property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm between somite and lateral plate. Traditionally thought to give rise to the urogenital system.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "(...)the mesoderm of a developing vertebrate transitionally differentiates into the following sub-types: Chordamesoderm (also known as axial mesoderm) which later on gives rise to notochord in all chordates, Paraxial mesoderm, Intermediate mesoderm, Lateral plate mesoderm (reference 1); The mesoderm is present in Bilateria, therefore they are sometimes called triploblasts. Ectoderm and endoderm are usually organized as epithelial layers, while mesoderm can be epithelial or a compact, three-dimensional tissue.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003065
name: ciliary marginal zone
namespace: uberon
def: "Region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. After 60 hpf, the CMZ is the source of most retinal growth. <a href='http://zfin.org/cgi-bin/ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-050427-5'>Wehman et al, 2005.</a>" [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "CMZ" RELATED []
synonym: "circumferential germinal zone" RELATED []
synonym: "peripheral growth zone" EXACT [ZFA:0001289]
xref: AAO:0010342
xref: EFO:0003668
xref: TAO:0001289
xref: VHOG:0000088
xref: XAO:0000086
xref: ZFA:0001289
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina
property_value: external_definition "Region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. After 60 hpf, the CMZ is the source of most retinal growth. Wehman et al, 2005.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The retina of all vertebrates develops via similar mechanisms. Toward the end of retinal histogenesis, proliferating progenitors and newly generated cells are confined to peripheral regions of the retina. In fish and amphibians, this region is maintained after embryonic development and becomes the CMZ (ciliary margin zone). A CMZ exists in birds but compared to that of fish and amphibians this region produces much less new retina as the globe of the eye expands postnatally. At least some of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the addition of new cells in this zone appear to have been conserved from fish to birds.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003066
name: pharyngeal arch 2
namespace: uberon
def: "assists in forming the side and front of the neck." [Wikipedia:Second_pharyngeal_arch]
comment: In XAO, develops from visceral pouch 2
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "2nd arch" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000050]
synonym: "2nd pharyngeal arch" EXACT []
synonym: "2nd visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000297]
synonym: "arcus pharyngeus secundus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Second_pharyngeal_arch]
synonym: "branchial arch 2" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "hyoid arch" EXACT [XAO:0000098]
synonym: "hyoid bars" RELATED []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 2" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal arches 2" RELATED [VHOG:0000297]
synonym: "second branchial arch" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "second pharyngeal arch" EXACT []
synonym: "second visceral arch" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "visceral arch 2" EXACT SENSU []
xref: AAO:0010363
xref: EHDAA2:0000050
xref: EHDAA:611
xref: EMAPA:16272
xref: SCTID:308768003
xref: TAO:0001596
xref: VHOG:0000297
xref: XAO:0000098
xref: ZFA:0001611
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray41.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray41.png/200px-Gray41.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Second_Pharyngeal_Arch
is_a: UBERON:0002539  ! pharyngeal arch
property_value: external_definition "The second of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003067
name: dorsolateral placode
namespace: uberon
def: "Lateral neurogenic placodes positioned dorsal of the epibranchial placodes." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: The only remaining dorsolateral placode in land vertebrates is the otic/octaval placode
synonym: "dorsolateral placodes" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001310]
xref: TAO:0001310
xref: VHOG:0000103
xref: XAO:0000187
xref: ZFA:0001310
is_a: UBERON:0009955  ! neurogenic placode
relationship: dorsal_to UBERON:0003078 ! epibranchial placode
property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the collective term 'placodes' refers to some rather different structures, probably with different evolutionary origins. Some sensory placodes (at least the otic and olfactory) may have homologues in basal chordates. Even if this is so, it is apparent that they were elaborated considerably during early vertebrate evolution. Epibranchial and dorsolateral placodes appear to be new; we infer that their origin depended on the evolution of specific inductive signals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003068
name: axial mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "The axial mesoderm includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm. It gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord." [GO:0048318, Wikipedia:Chordamesoderm]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "chordamesoderm" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chordamesoderm]
xref: AAO:0011017
xref: EFO:0003647
xref: TAO:0001204
xref: VHOG:0000107
xref: XAO:0000205
xref: ZFA:0001204
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "The portion of the mesoderm underlying the midline of the embryo. [Gastrulation:_From_cells_to_embryo_(2004)_Cold_Spring_Harbor, Glossary_XV, New_York:_Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory_Press, Stern_CD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003069
name: otic placode
namespace: uberon
def: "A cranial placode which, once specified, invaginates to form an otic cup, which eventually separates from the surface ectoderm to form the otic vesicle or otocyst, a rounded structure without appar- ent polarity. As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII[NBK]" [NBK:NBK53175, Wikipedia:Otic_placode]
comment: With the exception of the pigment cells of the stria vascularis and the secretory epithelium of the cochlea, which are of neural crest origin, all compo- nents of the inner ear derive from the otic placode. In most species the thickening of the ectoderm into a placode occurs in a region adjacent to rhombomere 5 (reviewed in Ohyama et al., 2007), while in amphibians the otic placode is centered onto rhombomere 4 (Ruiz i Altaba and Jessell, 1991).[NBK53175]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "auditory placode" RELATED []
synonym: "ear placode" RELATED []
synonym: "ear/otic placode" RELATED []
synonym: "octaval VIII placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "octaval placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "placoda otica" EXACT LATIN []
xref: AAO:0011079
xref: EFO:0003429
xref: EHDAA2:0001339
xref: EHDAA:506
xref: EMAPA:16195
xref: TAO:0000138
xref: UMLS:C1518677
xref: VHOG:0000235
xref: XAO:0000223
xref: ZFA:0000138
xref: ncithesaurus:Otic_Placodes
is_a: UBERON:0003067  ! dorsolateral placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear
property_value: external_definition "Primordium of the ear epithelium before it hollows into the otic vesicle, present beside the hindbrain rudiment in the midsegmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (2) neurogenic placodes (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003070
name: trigeminal placode
namespace: uberon
def: "The ectodermal rudiment of the trigeminal ganglion." [VHOG:0000109]
comment: Fig9-5 of ISBN10:0471888893 calls this the profundus placode; XAO says 'profundal and the trigeminal ganglia are separate distally but fused at their proximal end...'
synonym: "profundus V placode" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "profundus placode" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "trigeminal V placode" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0003433
xref: EHDAA2:0004209
xref: TAO:0000162
xref: VHOG:0000109
xref: XAO:0000225
xref: ZFA:0000162
is_a: UBERON:0003067  ! dorsolateral placode
property_value: external_definition "The ectodermal precursor of the trigeminal ganglion. The profundal and the trigeminal ganglia are separate distally but fused at their proximal end as they condense around NF stage 24.[XAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The ectodermal rudiment of the trigeminal ganglion, distinguishable during much of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The dorsolateral placodes (trigeminal and vestibular) develop from ectoderm lateral to the brain (...). In summary, the collective term 'placodes' refers to some rather different structures, probably with different evolutionary origins. Some sensory placodes (at least the otic and olfactory) may have homologues in basal chordates. Even if this is so, it is apparent that they were elaborated considerably during early vertebrate evolution. Epibranchial and dorsolateral placodes appear to be new; we infer that their origin depended on the evolution of specific inductive signals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003071
name: eye primordium
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005060
def: "Portion of tissue that is part of the anterior neural keel and will form the optic vesicle[ZFA]. A paired ectodermal placode that becomes invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles." [GO:0046619, ZFA:0000570]
comment: AO notes: TODO - check that GO's optic placode is the same as ZFA's eye primordium; we may want to have separate term for ocular primordium precursor. XAO has both optic field and eye primordium
synonym: "eye anlage" RELATED [XAO:0000227]
synonym: "eye field" RELATED []
synonym: "eye placode" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "occular primordium" EXACT []
synonym: "ocular primordium" EXACT []
synonym: "optic field" RELATED []
synonym: "optic placode" EXACT [GO:0046619]
synonym: "optic placode of camera-type eye" EXACT [GO:0046619, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "optic primordium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011038
xref: EFO:0003541
xref: EHDAA2:0004431
xref: TAO:0000570
xref: XAO:0000227
xref: XAO:0004090
xref: ZFA:0000570
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003056 ! pre-chordal neural plate
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003056 ! pre-chordal neural plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003072
name: optic cup
namespace: uberon
def: "Multi-tissue structure that is comprised of neural and non-neural epithelial layers which will form the retina and retinal pigmented epithelium of the mature eye[ZFA]. double walled structured formed by expansion and invagination of the distal end of the optic vesicle that develops into the pigmented and sensory layers of the retina while the mouth of the optic cup eventually forms the pupil of the eye[MP]." [MP:0004269, Optic_cup_(embryology), ZFA:0001202]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "eye cup" RELATED []
synonym: "ocular cup" RELATED [VHOG:0000167]
xref: EHDAA2:0001303
xref: EHDAA:2912
xref: EMAPA:16674
xref: SCTID:308789007
xref: TAO:0001202
xref: UMLS:C0231109
xref: VHOG:0000167
xref: ZFA:0001202
xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Cup
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004128 ! optic vesicle
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003073 ! lens placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003073
name: lens placode
namespace: uberon
def: "A thickened portion of ectoderm which serves as the precursor to the lens. SOX2 and Pou2f1 are involved in its development[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lens_placode, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Classical transplantation experiments using amphibian embryos suggested that the optic vesicle is the source of lens-inducing signals sufficient to generate lens tissues in competent ectoderm (reviewed in Grainger et al., 1996). More recent findings suggest a multistep model for lens induction. There is now good evidence that lens specification occurs at the neurula stage, before the optic vesicle contact the surface ectoderm, and that neural crest cell migration in the frontonasal region is required to restrict the position of the lens placode (Bailey et al., 2006)[NBK53175]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "placoda lentis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lens_placode]
xref: AAO:0011055
xref: EFO:0003494
xref: EHDAA2:0000982
xref: EHDAA:2908
xref: EMAPA:16672
xref: TAO:0000122
xref: UMLS:C1517770
xref: VHOG:0000166
xref: XAO:0000240
xref: ZFA:0000122
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray864.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lens_Placodes
is_a: UBERON:0002546  ! cranial placode
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
is_a: UBERON:0011814  ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0004128 ! optic vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0005085  ! ectodermal placode
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye
property_value: external_definition "Ectodermal primordium of the lens of the eye. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The optic cup induces the overlying surface ectoderm first to thicken as a lens placode and then to invaginate and form a lens vesicle that differentiates into the lens.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003074
name: mesonephric duct
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired organ that connects the primitive kidney Wolffian body (or mesonephros) to the cloaca and serves as the anlage for certain male reproductive organs. the Wolffian duct is what remains of the pronephric duct after the atrophy of the pronephros[WP]. In Zebrafish: Duct of the adult kidney (mesonephros), present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the cloacal chamber[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Mesonephric_duct, ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO - mesonephric portion of the nephric duct. Development notes: In the male the Wolffian duct persists, and forms for example the epididymis, the ductus deferens, the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle and efferent ducts.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Leydig's duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Wolffian_duct]
synonym: "Wolffian duct" EXACT [GOC:yaf, Wikipedia:Wolffian_duct, ZFA:0000546]
synonym: "archinephric duct" RELATED [VHOG:0000082, Wikipedia:Wolffian_duct]
synonym: "ductus mesonephricus; ductus Wolffi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mesonephric_duct]
synonym: "renal duct" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000637
xref: EHDAA2:0001243
xref: EHDAA:1590
xref: EMAPA:16577
xref: GAID:1315
xref: MESH:A16.254.940
xref: SCTID:308800003
xref: TAO:0000546
xref: UMLS:C0043204
xref: VHOG:0000082
xref: XAO:0000242
xref: ZFA:0000546
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gray1109.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gray1109.png/200px-Gray1109.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesonephric_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0009201  ! nephric duct
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003060 ! pronephric duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of either of a pair of longitudinal ducts which carry urine and in males, sperm, to the cloaca.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The first-formed kidney duct, which drains the kidney of most anamniotes and becomes the ductus deferens of male amniotes. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-3, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) in all craniates, the archinephric duct develops in embryogeny.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003075
name: neural plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube[XAO]. The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium[ZFA]" [ISBN:0815318960, OMD:neural+plate, Wikipedia:Neural_plate, ZFIN:curator]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lamina neuralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neural_plate]
synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011072
xref: BTO:0001765
xref: EHDAA:346
xref: EHDAA:902
xref: EMAPA:16095
xref: EMAPA:16527
xref: EMAPA:16756
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001252
xref: TAO:0000132
xref: UMLS:C0920623
xref: VHOG:0000068
xref: XAO:0000249
xref: ZFA:0000132
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Neural_Crest.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Plate
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007284 ! presumptive neural plate
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0002328 ! notochord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm
property_value: external_definition "The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003076
name: posterior neural tube
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
xref: AAO:0011082
xref: TAO:0007037
xref: VHOG:0001383
xref: XAO:0000250
xref: ZFA:0007037
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003057 ! chordal neural plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003077
name: paraxial mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube[GO]" [GO:0048339, Wikipedia:Paraxial_mesoderm]
comment: AO notes: note that all AOs differ in the relationship between this structure and the mesoderm; in ZFA it is a subclass (and this is implied by the GO definition and GO relationships), in AAO it is part of, and in EHDAA2 it develops from the mesoderm (but in EHDAA2 the naming convention is to use 'paraxial mesenchyme', rather than 'paraxial mesoderm'). Also in ZFA it is part of the trunk whereas this conflicts with the division into head and trunk in ehdaa2 (which we follow here)
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mesoderma paraxiale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paraxial_mesoderm]
synonym: "paraxial mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERONREF:0000002, ZFA:0000255]
synonym: "somitic mesoderm" EXACT [ISBN:9780878932504]
xref: AAO:0010568
xref: EFO:0003515
xref: EMAPA:16183
xref: EMAPA:16751
xref: SCTID:361475002
xref: TAO:0000255
xref: UMLS:C1284009
xref: VHOG:0000114
xref: XAO:0000259
xref: ZFA:0000255
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Paraxial_Mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007285 ! presumptive paraxial mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm lateral to the neural tube and notochord that is divided into cranial and post-cranial portions. The trunk portions further segment into somites.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Presently, Cephalochordata, Urochordata, and Vertebrata are placed as subphyla of the phylum Chordata, in which the overall organization of embryonic tissues (dorsal hollow nerve cord, ventral digestive tract, axial notochord, and bilateral paraxial mesoderm) is largely conserved. In contrast, the echinoderms and hemichordates are sister groups of the chordates and they lack the notochord and paraxial mesoderm. Thus, the basic mesodermal organization of vertebrates must have appeared first in the common ancestor of the chordates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003078
name: epibranchial placode
namespace: uberon
def: "Focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches and that produce the neuroblasts that migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia." [VHOG:0000117]
comment: Epibranchial placodes-derived neurons innervate internal organs to transmit information such as heart rate, blood pressure, and visceral distension from the periphery to the central nervous system (Baker and Bronner-Fraser, 2001). From rostral to caudal the epibranchial placodes comprise the geniculate, petrosal, and nodose placodes, each associated in sequence with the first, second and third branchial clefts. Each placode contributes sensory neurons to cranial nerves VII (facial nerve), IX (glossopharyngeal nerve), and X (vagal nerve), respectively[NBK53175]. AO notes: in XAO this develops_from dorsolateral placode, but in NBK53175, this is a separate group
synonym: "epibranchial placodes" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001294]
synonym: "ventrolateral placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893]
xref: AAO:0011036
xref: EFO:0003455
xref: TAO:0001294
xref: VHOG:0000117
xref: XAO:0000284
xref: ZFA:0001294
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
is_a: UBERON:0009955  ! neurogenic placode
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "Focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches and that produce the neuroblasts that migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia. [Graham_A, The_development_and_evolution_of_the_pharyngeal_arches._J_Anat_(2001)_199:_133-141][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003079
name: floor plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A ventral region of glial cells in the neural tube that provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types. The floor plate is evident at the ventral midline by the neural fold stage[GO]. A structure integral to the developing nervous system of vertebrate organisms. Located on the ventral midline of the embryonic neural tube, the floor plate is a specialized glial structure that spans the anteroposterior axis from the midbrain to the tail regions. It has been shown that the floor plate is conserved among vertebrates with homologous structures in invertebrates such as the fruit fly Drosophila and the nematode C. elegans. Functionally, the structure serves as an organizer to ventralize tissues in the embryo as well as to guide neuronal positioning and differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube[WP]." [GO:0021508, PMID:15738958, Wikipedia:Floor_plate]
comment: Note that although this is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the floor plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. Consider 'floor plate of neural tube'.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "FP" RELATED [TAO:0000022]
synonym: "bodenplatte" RELATED [BTO:0001720]
synonym: "floorplate" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral plate" RELATED [BTO:0001720]
xref: AAO:0011041
xref: BTO:0001720
xref: EFO:0003473
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000545
xref: TAO:0000022
xref: ZFA:0000022
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Gray642.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gray642.png/200px-Gray642.png
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002328 ! notochord
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007286 ! presumptive floor plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Organizing center consisting of a small group of cells located at the ventral midline of the neural tube that influences the development of the nervous system, governing the specification of neuronal cell types and directing axonal trajectories.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003080
name: anterior neural tube
namespace: uberon
comment: editor note: TODO - add grouping class for the anterior end of the neural tube at all stages
xref: AAO:0011012
xref: TAO:0007038
xref: VHOG:0001384
xref: XAO:0000307
xref: ZFA:0007038
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003056 ! pre-chordal neural plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003081
name: lateral plate mesoderm
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0006258
def: "Portion of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo that resides on the periphery of the embryo, is continuous with the extra-embryonic mesoderm, splits into two layers enclosing the intra-embryonic coelom, and gives rise to body wall structures[MP]." [MP:0010117, Wikipedia:Lateral_plate_mesoderm]
comment: AO notes: subclass of mesoderm in ZFA.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lateral mesoderm" EXACT [GO:0048368]
synonym: "lateral plate" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral plate mesenchyme" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000919]
synonym: "mesoderma laminae lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_plate_mesoderm]
xref: AAO:0010574
xref: EHDAA2:0000919
xref: EHDAA:379
xref: EMAPA:16179
xref: SCTID:361477005
xref: TAO:0000121
xref: UMLS:C1517749
xref: VHOG:0000118
xref: XAO:0000311
xref: ZFA:0000121
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0003887 ! intraembryonic coelom
property_value: external_definition "Portion of mesoderm traditionally thought to give rise to limb bones and parts of the girdles.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The portion of the mesoderm of the trunk of vertebrate embryos lying lateral to the intermediate mesoderm. [...] [It] subdivides into two plates: one dorsal, called the somatopleure, and one ventral, called the splanchnopleure. [Gastrulation:_From_cells_to_embryo_(2004)_Cold_Spring_Harbor, Glossary_XV, New_York:_Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory_Press, Stern_CD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A ventrolateral zone of amphioxus mesoderm grows down to surround the gut. Homology of this zone to the lateral plate mesoderm of vertebrates is supported by site of origin and fate.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003082
name: myotome
namespace: uberon
def: "A group of tissues formed from somites that develop into the body wall muscle[WP]. Somitic compartment that is a precursor of muscle. mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the musculature[MP]. Portion of the somites giving rise to body wall muscle masses[ZFA]" [MP:0003939, PMID:17313522, Wikipedia:Myotome, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Editors note: The term \"myotome\" is also used to describe the muscles served by a single nerve root / spinal segment - consider adding new class.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "muscle plate" RELATED []
synonym: "myomere" RELATED []
synonym: "myomeres" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001056]
synonym: "myotome region" RELATED []
synonym: "myotomes" RELATED []
synonym: "myotomus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Myotome]
xref: AAO:0011067
xref: AEO:0001018
xref: BTO:0000742
xref: EHDAA2:0003431
xref: EHDAA:1721
xref: EHDAA:1727
xref: EHDAA:1733
xref: EHDAA:1739
xref: SCTID:344535001
xref: TAO:0001056
xref: UMLS:C1513802
xref: VHOG:0001244
xref: XAO:0000315
xref: ZFA:0001056
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray65.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray65.png/200px-Gray65.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Myotome_Region
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004290 ! dermomyotome
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "Portion of the somites giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the skeletal muscle of the body axis is chiefly derived from an early embryonic compartment, known as the myotome.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003083
name: trunk neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Trunk portion of the neural crest. The trunk neural crest lies between the vagal and sacral neural crest and gives rise to two groups of cells. One group migrates dorsolateral and populates the skin, forming pigment cells and the other migrates ventrolateral through the anterior sclerotome to become the epinephrine-producing cells of the adrenal gland and the neurons of the sympathetic nervous system. Some cells remain in the sclerotome to form the dorsal root ganglia [Wikipedia]." [ISBN:0815318960, Wikipedia:Trunk_neural_crest]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "trunk crest" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010582
xref: EFO:0003605
xref: EHDAA2:0001901
xref: TAO:0001024
xref: VHOG:0000062
xref: XAO:0000319
xref: ZFA:0001024
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
property_value: external_definition "Post-cranial portion of the neural crest. Exact anatomical derivations not experimentally resolved in amphibians.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003084
name: heart primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline to form the heart rudiment or cone." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: editor note: should probably be fused with heart rudiment.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "fused heart primordium" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011044
xref: BTO:0001887
xref: TAO:0000028
xref: UMLS:C1514450
xref: XAO:0000336
xref: ZFA:0000028
xref: ncithesaurus:Primordium_of_the_Heart
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004140 ! heart field
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007005 ! cardiac mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from lateral mesoderm (TAO:0001065)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows:  one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally.  The two populations fuse at the midline between 21 and 26 somites to form the heart rudiment or cone. Stainier 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The fused aspects of ventral mesoderm, which have migrated from either side of the prechordal plate, and fused ventrally, just behind the cement gland. They will give rise to the endocardium at NF stage 27&28.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003085
name: ventral aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "The artery in vertebrate embryos that carries blood from the ventricle of the heart to the aortic arches. In adult fish it branches into afferent branchial arteries supplying the gills. In adult tetrapods it is represented by the ascending part of the aorta[BTO]. The ventral aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the gills. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once[GO]." [BTO:0004674, GO:0035908]
comment: Taxon notes (via vHOG): \"When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.\" Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.620. // in Reptiles, splits to form bases of 3 arteries: left aortic arch, right aortic arch and pulmonary trunk. In birds, the right systemic arch becomes predominant, the left never fully develops [Kardong]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AAO:0010412
xref: BTO:0004674
xref: TAO:0000604
xref: VHOG:0000121
xref: XAO:0000338
xref: ZFA:0000604
is_a: UBERON:0000947  ! aorta
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0001496 ! ascending aorta
property_value: external_definition "Outflow artery from the heart to the aortic arches. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003086
name: caudal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Extension of the dorsal aorta in the tail. <a href='http://zfin.org/cgi-bin/ZFIN_jump?record=ZDB-PUB-961014-576'>Kimmel et al, 1995.</a>" [Wikipedia:Caudal_artery, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "CA" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011023
xref: EFO:0003472
xref: TAO:0000011
xref: VHOG:0000123
xref: XAO:0000364
xref: ZFA:0000011
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of axial vasculature (TAO:0001073)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Extension of the dorsal aorta in the tail. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The posterior extension of the dorsal aorta to the tail region, which degenerates at metamorphosis.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003087
name: anterior cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0009770
def: "One of the the two paired cardinal veins draining the cephalic part of the body." [ISBN10:0073040584, MP:0004784, Wikipedia:Anterior_cardinal_vein]
comment: contribute to the formation of the internal jugular veins and together with the common cardinal vein form the superior vena cava. In an anastomosis by anterior cardinal veins, the left brachiocephalic vein is produced[WP]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ACV" RELATED []
synonym: "precardinal vein" RELATED [FMA:70309, Wikipedia:Anterior_cardinal_vein]
synonym: "rostral cardinal vein" EXACT [ZFA:0000423]
synonym: "rostral cardinal veins" RELATED []
synonym: "superior cardinal vein" RELATED [http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/pcardio/venen01.html]
xref: AAO:0011011
xref: BTO:0004387
xref: EHDAA:1312
xref: EMAPA:16241
xref: EMAPA:16355
xref: FMA:70309
xref: SCTID:308780006
xref: TAO:0000423
xref: UMLS:C0231086
xref: VHOG:0000113
xref: XAO:0000383
xref: ZFA:0000423
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Cardinal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0004344  ! cardinal vein
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head
property_value: external_definition "The anterior cardinal vein returns blood from the dorsal head and drains into the duct of Cuvier via the pronephric sinus.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryonic pattern is retained, and blood from anterior and posterior systemic tissues is returned in anterior and posterior cardinal veins, both pairs of veins uniting in common cardinal veins near the heart. In derived vertebrates, the cardinals appear but usually persist only in the embryo, being functionally replaced by alternative adult vessels, the precava and postcava (anterior and posterior venae cavae).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003088
name: caudal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterial cardinal vein in the posterior trunk. Kimmel et al, 1995.[ZFIN]" [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "CV" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011025
xref: EFO:0003616
xref: TAO:0000180
xref: VHOG:0000126
xref: XAO:0000390
xref: ZFA:0000180
xref: ncithesaurus:Caudal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from caudal vein plexus (TAO:0001286)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of axial vasculature (TAO:0001073)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterial cardinal vein in the posterior trunk. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterior cardinal vein in the posterior trunk[XB:curator]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003089
name: sclerotome
namespace: uberon
def: "Ventral somitic compartment that is a precursor of the axial skeleton[XAO]. Sclerotomes eventually differentiate into the vertebrae and most of the skull. The caudal (posterior) half of one sclerotome fuses with the rostral (anterior) half of the adjacent one to form each vertebra. From their initial location within the somite, the sclerotome cells migrate medially towards the notochord. These cells meet the sclerotome cells from the other side to form the vertebral body. From this vertebral body, sclerotome cells move dorsally and surround the developing spinal cord, forming the vertebral arch[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sclerotome, XB:curator]
comment: AO notes: part_of somite in XAO
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "sclerotomes" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001080]
synonym: "sclerotomus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sclerotome]
xref: AAO:0010571
xref: AEO:0000212
xref: EHDAA2:0003439
xref: TAO:0001080
xref: UMLS:C0183176
xref: VHOG:0000680
xref: XAO:0000397
xref: ZFA:0001080
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray65.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray65.png/200px-Gray65.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sclerotome
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005856  ! developing mesenchymal condensation
is_a: UBERON:0007530  ! migrating mesenchyme population
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002329 ! somite
property_value: external_definition "Skeletogenic portion of somites.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The vertebrate sclerotome has no equivalent in amphioxus and is a novelty linked with the evolution of the axial skeleton.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003090
name: supraorbital lateral line
namespace: uberon
def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/lat_line/lat_line.html'>lateral line</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "supraorbital line" EXACT [ZFA:0000443]
xref: AAO:0011103
xref: TAO:0000443
xref: VHOG:0000128
xref: XAO:0000442
xref: ZFA:0000443
is_a: UBERON:0010202  ! lateral line
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The lateral line that is located above the eye. [Butler_AB_and_Hodos_W, Comparative_vertebrate_neuroanatomy:_Evolution_and_Adaptation_(1996)_New_York:_Wiley-Liss_Inc., p.27][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003091
name: thyroid primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "The initial thyroid precursor, the thyroid primordium, starts as a simple midline thickening and develops to form the thyroid diverticulum. This structure is initially hollow, although it later solidifies and becomes bilobed. The 2 lobes are located on either side of the midline and are connected via an isthmus." [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845125-overview]
comment: In all vertebrates the thyroid arises from the ventral aspect of the second pouch[PMID:16313389]. Note that we follow EHDAA2 in dividing this into endoderm and mesenchyme. In this ontology we place the broad developmental relationship at this level, and include specific relationships to the pharyngeal endoderm at the level of the endoderm
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0011106
xref: BTO:0004709
xref: EHDAA2:0002033
xref: EHDAA:952
xref: EMAPA:16361
xref: EMAPA:16558
xref: TAO:0001081
xref: UMLS:C1519512
xref: XAO:0000444
xref: ZFA:0001081
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Primordium
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007123 ! pharyngeal pouch 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue part of the pharyngeal endoderm that is fated to become thyroid follicle[ZFIN:curator]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003092
name: ultimobranchial body
namespace: uberon
def: "Pharyngeal pouch derivative, usually paired cell masses located in the neck region[Kardong]. The ultimobranchial body or gland is a small organ found in the neck region of many animals. In humans, the ultimobranchial body is an embryological structure that gives rise to the calcitonin-producing cells&mdash;also called parafollicular cells or clear cells&mdash;of the thyroid gland. In humans, this body is a derivative of the ventral recess of the fourth pharyngeal pouch (or fifth) [WP,unvetted]. The ultimobranchial bodies of lower vertebrates contain large amounts of calcitonin. In mammals the bodies fuse with the thyroid gland and are thought to develop into the parafollicular cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)" [ISBN10:0073040584, MESH:A13.939, Wikipedia:Ultimopharyngeal_body]
comment: Developmental origins vary across species. PMID:16313389 says: the most posterior pouch generates the ultimobranchial bodies in most vertebrate classes, but mammals do not contain this structure // The neural crest is the source of ultimobranchial cells[Kardong]. WP says pouch 4, but this isn't supported by Kardong (table 13.1 or fig 15.5). EHDAA2 says 6th arch mesenchyme
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "corpus ultimopharyngeum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body]
synonym: "postbranchial body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body]
synonym: "ultimobranchial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body]
synonym: "ultimobranchial bodies" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body]
synonym: "ultimobranchial gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body]
synonym: "ultimopharyngeal body" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body]
synonym: "ultimopharyngeal gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body]
xref: AAO:0010547
xref: EHDAA2:0002103
xref: EHDAA:2987
xref: EHDAA:9139
xref: GAID:1246
xref: MESH:A13.939
xref: SCTID:345552007
xref: TAO:0001448
xref: VHOG:0001185
xref: XAO:0000452
xref: ZFA:0001448
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007126 ! pharyngeal pouch 5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which includes small, calcitonin producing glands originating as epithelial growths from the sixth pharyngeal pouch.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The glandular tissue originating from the fifth branchial pouch which combines with the buccal cavity outgrowth to form the thyroid and contributes calcitonin-secreting cells to the gland. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) ultimobranchial bodies that develop in all vertebrates from the ventral or posterior surface of the last pair of pharyngeal pouches. The ultimobranchial bodies are vestigial in most mammals (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003093
name: occipital lateral line
namespace: uberon
def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/lat_line/lat_line.html'>lateral line</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "supratemporal lateral line" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011075
xref: TAO:0000400
xref: VHOG:0000131
xref: XAO:0000458
xref: ZFA:0000400
is_a: UBERON:0010202  ! lateral line
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003094
name: infraorbital lateral line
namespace: uberon
def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/lat_line/lat_line.html'>lateral line</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "infraorbital line" EXACT [ZFA:0000524]
xref: AAO:0011053
xref: TAO:0000524
xref: VHOG:0000132
xref: XAO:0000459
xref: ZFA:0000524
is_a: UBERON:0010202  ! lateral line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The lateral line that is located below the eye. [Butler_AB_and_Hodos_W, Comparative_vertebrate_neuroanatomy:_Evolution_and_Adaptation_(1996)_New_York:_Wiley-Liss_Inc., p.27][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003095
name: dorsal lateral line
namespace: uberon
def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/lat_line/lat_line.html'>lateral line</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AAO:0011030
xref: TAO:0005112
xref: VHOG:0001677
xref: XAO:0000462
xref: ZFA:0005112
is_a: UBERON:0010202  ! lateral line
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of posterior lateral line system (TAO:0001471)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003096
name: middle lateral line
namespace: uberon
def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/lat_line/lat_line.html'>lateral line</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: TAO:0000344
xref: VHOG:0000133
xref: XAO:0000463
xref: ZFA:0000344
is_a: UBERON:0010202  ! lateral line
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from middle lateral line primordium (TAO:0005118)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of middle lateral line system (TAO:0005114)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003097
name: dorsal fin
namespace: uberon
def: "Median fin located on the dorsal surface of the organism." [VSAO:0000165, Wikipedia:Dorsal_fin]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "nageoire dorsale@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000165]
synonym: "notoptcC)rygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000165]
xref: AAO:0010378
xref: BTO:0004650
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjbzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:417127006
xref: TAO:0001173
xref: VSAO:0000165
xref: XAO:0000469
xref: ZFA:0001173
is_a: UBERON:0008897  ! fin
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003083 ! trunk neural crest
relationship: in_median_plane_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "is_a median fin[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003098
name: optic stalk
namespace: uberon
def: "The optic vesicles project toward the sides of the head, and the peripheral part of each expands to form a hollow bulb, while the proximal part remains narrow and constitutes the optic stalk. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Optic_stalk]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "pedunculus opticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_stalk]
xref: AAO:0011077
xref: EHDAA2:0001318
xref: EHDAA:3816
xref: EMAPA:16678
xref: SCTID:308788004
xref: TAO:0000137
xref: UMLS:C0231107
xref: VHOG:0000223
xref: XAO:0000475
xref: ZFA:0000137
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray864.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Gray864.png/200px-Gray864.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Stalk
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003072 ! optic cup
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: external_definition "The evagination from the neural tube of the developing embryo which develops the optic cup at its extremity; the stalk persists as the optic nerve. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003099
name: cranial neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "The cranial neural crest arises in the anterior and populates the face and the pharyngeal arches giving rise to bones, cartilage, nerves and connective tissue [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Cranial_neural_crest, ZFA:0001194, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cephalic neural crest" RELATED [EMAPA:16091]
synonym: "crista neuralis cranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cranial_neural_crest]
synonym: "head crest" RELATED []
synonym: "head neural crest" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010580
xref: EFO:0003645
xref: EHDAA2:0004420
xref: EMAPA:16091
xref: TAO:0001194
xref: VHOG:0000063
xref: XAO:0001001
xref: ZFA:0001194
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
property_value: external_definition "Anterior most portion of the neural crest. Migrates in three highly conserved streams: mandibular, hyoid and branchial.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Neural crest that is part of the head.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003100
name: female organism
namespace: uberon
def: "Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes." [CARO:0000028]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "female" RELATED [TAO:0000303]
synonym: "female human body" NARROW SENSU [FMA:67812]
xref: AAO:0010030
xref: BILA:0000028
xref: CARO:0000028
xref: FBbt:00007011
xref: FMA:67812
xref: HAO:0000028
xref: SCTID:362608006
xref: TAO:0000303
xref: TGMA:0001839
xref: XAO:0003005
xref: ZFA:0000303
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
disjoint_from: UBERON:0003101  ! male organism
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003101

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003101
name: male organism
namespace: uberon
def: "Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes." [CARO:0000027]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "male" RELATED [TAO:0000242]
synonym: "male human body" NARROW SENSU [FMA:67811]
xref: AAO:0010033
xref: BILA:0000027
xref: CARO:0000027
xref: FBbt:00007004
xref: FMA:67811
xref: HAO:0000027
xref: SCTID:362609003
xref: TAO:0000242
xref: TGMA:0001838
xref: WBbt:0007850
xref: XAO:0003006
xref: ZFA:0000242
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003102
name: surface structure
namespace: uberon
def: "Organism subdivision that is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface[ZFA]." [VSAO:0000001, Wikipedia:Surface_structure, ZFA:0000292, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/24]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "anatomical surface feature" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003010]
synonym: "surface feature" RELATED []
synonym: "surface region" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010337
xref: AEO:0000010
xref: EHDAA2:0003010
xref: TAO:0000292
xref: VSAO:0000001
xref: XAO:0003028
xref: ZFA:0000292
xref: galen:SurfaceRegion
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0013514 ! space surrounding organism
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007376 ! outer epithelial layer
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0013514 ! space surrounding organism
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0007376 ! outer epithelial layer
property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision which is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface.[ZFA]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003103
name: compound organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types." [CARO:0000024]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "organ" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010015
xref: AEO:0000024
xref: BILA:0000024
xref: CARO:0000024
xref: EHDAA2:0003024
xref: HAO:0000024
xref: TADS:0000598
xref: TAO:0000496
xref: TGMA:0001837
xref: VHOG:0001723
xref: XAO:0003041
xref: ZFA:0000496
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003104
name: mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage[XAO]. A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium[ZFA]. The part of the embryonic mesoderm, consisting of loosely packed, unspecialized cells set in a gelatinous ground substance, from which connective tissue, bone, cartilage, and the circulatory and lymphatic systems develop[BTO]." [BTO:0001393, Wikipedia:Mesenchyme, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Editors notes: the relationship to mesoderm is weaker than develops_from in order to have classes such as 'head mesenchyme from mesoderm' make sense
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mesenchyma" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mesenchyme]
synonym: "mesenchymal tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "mesenchyme tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of mesenchymal tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "portion of mesenchyme tissue" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010427
xref: AEO:0000145
xref: BTO:0001393
xref: EHDAA2:0003145
xref: EV:0100007
xref: TAO:0000393
xref: UMLS:C0162415
xref: VHOG:0000170
xref: XAO:0003046
xref: ZFA:0000393
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Mesenchymal_Stem_Cell.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Mesenchymal_Stem_Cell.jpg/200px-Mesenchymal_Stem_Cell.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009142 ! entire mesenchyme
property_value: external_definition "A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mesenchymal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003105
name: dorsal lateral plate region
namespace: uberon
def: "Region located near the pronephros and pronephric ducts that is a site of hematopoiesis in the embryo. // Region where blood progenitor markers are expressed. Probable site of definitive hematopoiesis between 36hpf and 4dpf." [PMID:9618755, ZFIN:curator]
comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "AGM" RELATED []
synonym: "AGM region" RELATED []
synonym: "DA roof" RELATED [ZFA:0005028]
synonym: "DA-PCV joint " EXACT [ZFA:0005028]
synonym: "DLP" EXACT []
synonym: "DP joint" EXACT [ZFA:0005028]
synonym: "aorta gonad mesonephros region" RELATED []
synonym: "aorta-gonads-mesonephros region" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal aorta - posterior cardinal vein joint" EXACT [ZFA:0005028]
synonym: "ventral wall of dorsal aorta" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011008
xref: EFO:0003699
xref: TAO:0005028
xref: XAO:0003051
xref: ZFA:0005028
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "Region located near the pronephros and pronephric ducts that is a site of hematopoiesis in the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Region where blood progenitor markers are expressed.   Probable site of definitive hematopoiesis between 36hpf and 4dpf.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003106
name: urostyle
namespace: uberon
def: "In teleosts: Anatomical cluster that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with one or more adjacent ural centra[AAO]; Rodlike caudal bony structure unique to anurans that lies within a compartment formed by the elongated, anteriorly oriented pelvic girdle. The urostyle is formed by the fusion of the coccyx and the hypochord[AAO]." [AAO:0000732, TAO:0000158]
comment: In zebrafish, it is composed of preural vertebra 1 and ural centra 1 and 2. The number of ural centra that become fused with preural centrum 1 varies among teleost subgroups. Because of varying developmental origins the urostyle may not be homologous across species.[TAO]. Grouping with AAO dubious
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "compound caudal centrum" RELATED [TAO:0000158]
synonym: "compound centrum" RELATED []
synonym: "compound terminal centrum" RELATED [TAO:0000158]
synonym: "compound terminal vertebra" RELATED [TAO:0000158]
synonym: "last vertebra" RELATED []
synonym: "terminal centrum" RELATED [TAO:0000158]
synonym: "ultimate vertebra" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000732
xref: TAO:0000158
xref: XAO:0003080
xref: ZFA:0000158
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of caudal fin skeleton (VSAO:0000167)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "In zebrafish, it is composed of preural vertebra 1 and ural centra 1 and 2. The number of ural centra that become fused with preural centrum 1 varies among teleost subgroups. Because of varying developmental origins the urostyle may not be homologous across species.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with one or more adjacent ural centra.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Rodlike caudal bony structure unique to anurans that lies within a compartment formed by the elongated, anteriorly oriented pelvic girdle. The urostyle is formed by the fusion of the coccyx and the hypochord.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003107
name: Meckel's cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "Meckel's cartilage is the bilaterally paired, rod-like, cartilaginous ventral component of the lower jar, or ventral mandibular arch. It is typically resorbed in adults." [PMID:3693112, Wikipedia:Meckel's_cartilage]
comment: Taxon notes: functional lower jaw of Elasmobranchii and Holocephali, the embryonic lower jaw of other gnathostomous vertebrates[http://www.briancoad.com]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Meckels cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "cartilago arcus pharyngei primi" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "primary mandinle" EXACT [http://www.briancoad.com]
synonym: "ventral mandibular cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001205]
xref: AAO:0000289
xref: EHDAA2:0001072
xref: EHDAA:7997
xref: EMAPA:17635
xref: EMAPA:17907
xref: MA:0001580
xref: SCTID:308773009
xref: TAO:0001205
xref: VHOG:0000249
xref: XAO:0003085
xref: ZFA:0001205
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006263 ! Meckel's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
property_value: external_definition "Paired, rod-shaped elements that extend the length of the mandible and lie between the dentaries and the angulosplenials. Can be reduced to various extent in adults.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is the cartilaginous embryonic component of the lower jaw, or ventral mandibular arch. It develops into the endochondral articular and retroarticular bones. Meckel's cartilage is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In all jawed vertebrates, including fish, the first pharyngeal arch generates the jaw apparatus. The neural crest cells of this arch migrate to form Meckel's cartilage, the precursor of the jaw.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003108
name: suspensorium
namespace: uberon
def: "(1) the arrangement of bones which supports the jaw from the braincase; (2) in teleost fish, a large, usually triangular, bone which supports the jaw. The teleost suspensorium is formed by fusion of various elements which vary among different taxa." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossarySq.html]
comment: Editor notes: requires review, possible split; TAO/ZFA structure is splanchoncranium (but includes some dermal bones as parts). Note AAO also includes 'palatoquadrate and suspensorium' as a class
synonym: "hyopalatine" EXACT [TAO:0000444]
synonym: "mandibular suspensorium" RELATED []
synonym: "suspensoria" EXACT [TAO:0000444]
xref: AAO:0000596
xref: TAO:0000444
xref: XAO:0003086
xref: ZFA:0000444
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003109
name: parapophysis
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral bone that forms from a lateral outgrowth of the basiventral arcualia and connects the rib with the vertebral centrum[TAO]. A lateral or ventrolateral projections of vertebrae to which ribs are attached in Danio rerio. ZFA: They can arise through replacement ossification of a basiventral or form directly in bone. They are separated from the centrum in basal teleosts, e.g., Leptolepis coryphaenoides, Megalops and Elops." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO - check
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "lateral process of basiventral" RELATED []
synonym: "parapophyses" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001362]
synonym: "transverse apophyses" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001362]
synonym: "transverse apophysis" EXACT [TAO:0001362]
xref: AAO:0000708
xref: TAO:0001362
xref: ZFA:0001362
is_a: UBERON:0001077  ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from basiventral (TAO:0001361)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of non-Weberian precaudal vertebra (TAO:0001582)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that forms from a lateral outgrowth of the basiventral arcualia and connects the rib with the vertebral centrum.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired processes, which arise near the dorsolateral part of the vertebral centrum, for the attachment of the capitulum of two-headed ribs.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Projections on each side of the vertebra from the point where the neural arch lamina joins the pedicel for the articulation with the head of a single-headed rib or the upper head of a double-headed rib. Also called diapophyses. They provide surfaces for the attachment of muscles. In anurans, the term transverse process is used in reference to the processes associated with the presacral and postsacral vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003110
name: otic region
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes UBERONREF:0000007 has this as a syn for otic capsule
synonym: "cranial vault" RELATED [ZFA:0000189]
xref: AAO:0010208
xref: TAO:0000189
xref: XAO:0003175
xref: ZFA:0000189
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibular-otic region joint (TAO:0001947)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the neurocranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003111
name: sphenoid region
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and sidewalls of the middle part of the cranium." [TAO:0000290, UBERONREF:0000007]
xref: AAO:0010207
xref: TAO:0000290
xref: XAO:0003174
xref: ZFA:0000290
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and sidewalls of the middle part of the neurocranium.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003112
name: olfactory region
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the cranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organ." [TAO:0000351]
synonym: "ethmoid region" RELATED [ZFA:0000351]
xref: AAO:0010206
xref: EFO:0003525
xref: TAO:0000351
xref: XAO:0003172
xref: ZFA:0000351
xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Region
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the cranium and provides structural support for the peripheral olfactory organ.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the neurocranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organs.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003113
name: dermatocranium
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton that includes all dermal bones in the cranial skeleton[ZFA,modified]." [Wikipedia:Skull_roof, ZFA:0000863]
comment: Editor notes: wikipedia treats skull roof and dermatocranium as synonymous, but some sources treat the roof as being part of the dermatocranium - see UBERONREF:0000007
synonym: "dendrocranium" EXACT [TAO:0000863]
synonym: "dermal bone cranium" RELATED [ZFA:0000863]
synonym: "dermal part of skull" RELATED []
synonym: "exocranium" EXACT [UBERONREF:0000007]
synonym: "roof of skull" RELATED [Wikipedia:Skull_roof]
synonym: "roofing bones of the skull" RELATED [Wikipedia:Skull_roof]
synonym: "skull roof" RELATED [Wikipedia:Skull_roof]
xref: AAO:0010154
xref: TAO:0000863
xref: VHOG:0001665
xref: XAO:0003169
xref: ZFA:0000863
is_a: UBERON:0011159  ! primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7777
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of dermally derived bones.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium which consists of dermally derived bones.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003114
name: pharyngeal arch 3
namespace: uberon
def: "The third branchial arch contributes to the development of the hyoid bone, stylopharyngeus muscle, inferior parathyroid gland, and thymus." [MP:0006339]
comment: in XAO, called branchial arch 1 and df VP3
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "3rd arch" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000069]
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal arch" EXACT []
synonym: "3rd visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000298]
synonym: "branchial arch 1" RELATED SENSU [AAO:0010365, ZFA:0001606]
synonym: "first branchial arch" RELATED SENSU [ZFA:0001606]
synonym: "first gill arch" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0001606]
synonym: "gill arch 1" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0001606]
synonym: "third pharyngeal arch" EXACT []
synonym: "third visceral arch" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral arch 3" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010365
xref: EHDAA2:0000069
xref: EHDAA:1080
xref: EMAPA:16399
xref: SCTID:308769006
xref: TAO:0001598
xref: VHOG:0000298
xref: XAO:0000447
xref: ZFA:0001606
is_a: UBERON:0002539  ! pharyngeal arch
property_value: external_definition "The most anterior, or first, pharygeal/branchial arch, composed of the mandibular process, forming the posterior border of the stomodeum, and the maxillary process anterior to the stomodeum, contains the first aortic arch.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003115
name: pharyngeal arch 4
namespace: uberon
def: "contributes to development of the cartilage of the larynx, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and soft palate muscles, superior parathyroid gland, and C-cells of the thymus" [MP:0006340]
comment: in XAO, called branchial arch 2 and df VP4
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "4th arch" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000086]
synonym: "4th branchial arch" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "4th pharyngeal arch" EXACT []
synonym: "4th visceral arch" EXACT []
synonym: "branchial arch 2" RELATED SENSU [AAO:0010366, ZFA:0001607]
synonym: "fourth pharyngeal arch" EXACT []
synonym: "fourth visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000299]
synonym: "gill arch 2" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0001607]
synonym: "second branchial arch" RELATED SENSU [ZFA:0001607]
synonym: "second gill arch" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0001607]
synonym: "visceral arch 4" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010366
xref: EHDAA2:0000086
xref: EHDAA:1663
xref: EMAPA:16760
xref: SCTID:308770007
xref: TAO:0001599
xref: VHOG:0000299
xref: XAO:0000449
xref: ZFA:0001607
is_a: UBERON:0002539  ! pharyngeal arch
property_value: external_definition "The second pharyngeal/branchial arch; arises as a thickening of the pharygeal wall between the first and second branchial clefts; contains the second aortic arch; forms part of the hyoid bone, tongue and facial musculature.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003116
name: pharyngeal arch 5
namespace: uberon
comment: A fifth arch never establishes itself in amniotes // in XAO, called branchial arch 3 and df VP5
synonym: "5th pharyngeal arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001204]
synonym: "5th visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001204]
synonym: "branchial arch 3" RELATED SENSU [AAO:0010367, XAO:0000451, ZFA:0001608]
synonym: "fifth pharyngeal arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001204]
synonym: "fifth visceral arch" EXACT [XAO:0000451]
synonym: "gill arch 3" EXACT [ZFA:0001608]
synonym: "third branchial arch" RELATED SENSU [XAO:0000451]
synonym: "visceral arch 5" EXACT [ZFA:0001608]
xref: AAO:0010367
xref: SCTID:308771006
xref: TAO:0001600
xref: VHOG:0001204
xref: XAO:0000451
xref: ZFA:0001608
is_a: UBERON:0002539  ! pharyngeal arch
property_value: external_definition "The third in a series of paired bars in the wall of the pharynx, within which are formed the third aortic arch and the cartilage bar of the visceral skeleton, forms and supports the gills.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003117
name: pharyngeal arch 6
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004349
def: "The 6th pharyngeal arch. contributes to the development of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles" [MP:0006347]
synonym: "6th arch" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004075]
synonym: "6th pharyngeal arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001205]
synonym: "6th visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001205]
synonym: "branchial arch 4" RELATED SENSU [AAO:0010368, ZFA:0001609]
synonym: "fourth branchial arch" RELATED SENSU []
synonym: "gill arch 4" EXACT [ZFA:0001609]
synonym: "sixth branchial arch" EXACT []
synonym: "sixth pharyngeal arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001205]
synonym: "sixth visceral arch" RELATED [XAO:0000453]
synonym: "visceral arch 6" EXACT [ZFA:0001609]
xref: AAO:0010368
xref: EHDAA2:0004075
xref: SCTID:308772004
xref: TAO:0001601
xref: VHOG:0001205
xref: XAO:0000453
xref: ZFA:0001609
is_a: UBERON:0002539  ! pharyngeal arch
property_value: external_definition "The forth in a series of paired bars in the wall of the pharynx, within which are formed the forth aortic arch and the cartilage bar of the visceral skeleton, forms and supports the gills.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003118
name: aortic arch 1
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004371
def: "the vessels formed within the first pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis" [MP:0006356]
comment: ZFA: The paired aortic arch 1 arteries branch off of the ventral aorta, and empty into the right and left lateral dorsal aortas. // Disappears early in development in tetrapods
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "1st arch artery" EXACT [EMAPA:16685]
synonym: "AA1" EXACT [ZFA:0005005]
synonym: "first aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000342]
synonym: "first branchial arch artery" EXACT []
synonym: "mandibular aortic arch" EXACT [ZFA:0005005]
xref: AAO:0010415
xref: EHDAA2:0000007
xref: EMAPA:16202
xref: EMAPA:16685
xref: SCTID:308774003
xref: TAO:0005005
xref: VHOG:0000149
xref: XAO:0000342
xref: ZFA:0005005
is_a: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003119
name: aortic arch 2
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004372
def: "The first and second arches disappear early, but the dorsal end of the second gives origin to the stapedial artery, a vessel which atrophies in humans but persists in some mammals. It passes through the ring of the stapes and divides into supraorbital, infraorbital, and mandibular branches which follow the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve. The infraorbital and mandibular arise from a common stem, the terminal part of which anastomoses with the external carotid. On the obliteration of the stapedial artery this anastomosis enlarges and forms the internal maxillary artery, and the branches of the stapedial artery are now branches of this vessel. The common stem of the infraorbital and mandibular branches passes between the two roots of the auriculotemporal nerve and becomes the middle meningeal artery; the original supraorbital branch of the stapedial is represented by the orbital twigs of the middle meningeal[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arches_1_and_2]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "2nd arch artery" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000051]
synonym: "AA2" EXACT [ZFA:0005006]
synonym: "hyoid aortic arch" EXACT [ZFA:0005006]
synonym: "second aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000343]
synonym: "second branchial arch artery" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010418
xref: EHDAA2:0000051
xref: EMAPA:16203
xref: EMAPA:16686
xref: SCTID:308775002
xref: TAO:0005006
xref: VHOG:0000148
xref: XAO:0000343
xref: ZFA:0005006
is_a: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
property_value: external_definition "The second in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 2 that is part of hyoid arch.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003120
name: aortic arch 3
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004352
def: "The third aortic arch constitutes the commencement of the internal carotid artery, and is therefore named the carotid arch[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_3]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "3rd arch artery" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000070]
synonym: "AA3" EXACT [ZFA:0005007]
synonym: "carotid arch" EXACT [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_3]
synonym: "third aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000344]
synonym: "third branchial arch artery" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010419
xref: EHDAA2:0000070
xref: EMAPA:16687
xref: SCTID:308776001
xref: TAO:0005007
xref: VHOG:0000147
xref: XAO:0000344
xref: ZFA:0005007
is_a: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
property_value: external_definition "Aortic arches 3 and 4 are not remodeled but are retained largely intact as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills.  These areches  are direct branches from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The third in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 3 lies within the 3rd branchial arch and branches directly from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta, and are retained as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills in the adult.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003121
name: aortic arch 4
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004350
def: "The fourth right arch forms the right subclavian as far as the origin of its internal mammary branch; while the fourth left arch constitutes the arch of the aorta between the origin of the left carotid artery and the termination of the ductus arteriosus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_4]
comment: Development notes: Normally, the left fourth arch becomes the aortic arch, the right fourth arch contributes to the innominate artery[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899609-overview] in birds it is the right fourth arch which forms the permanent aorta // proximal right subclavian
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "4th arch artery" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000087]
synonym: "AA4" EXACT [ZFA:0005008]
synonym: "fourth aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000355]
synonym: "fourth branchial arch artery" EXACT []
synonym: "systemic arch" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584, XAO:0000355]
xref: AAO:0010420
xref: EHDAA2:0000087
xref: EMAPA:17004
xref: SCTID:308777005
xref: TAO:0005008
xref: VHOG:0000146
xref: XAO:0000355
xref: ZFA:0005008
is_a: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
property_value: external_definition "Aortic arches 3 and 4 are not remodeled but are retained largely intact as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills.  These areches  are direct branches from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The forth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae, lies within the 4th branchial arch. The paired aortic arch 4 arteries branch directly from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta, and are retained as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills in the adult.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003122
name: aortic arch 5
namespace: uberon
def: "The fifth arch disappears on both sides[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_5]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "AA5" EXACT [ZFA:0005009]
synonym: "fifth aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000352]
xref: AAO:0010421
xref: SCTID:308778000
xref: TAO:0005009
xref: VHOG:0000145
xref: XAO:0000352
xref: ZFA:0005009
is_a: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5
property_value: external_definition "The fifth and sixth arches, which come on-line at approximately 2.5 dpf, have a common trunk from the ventral aorta and drain to the midline dorsal aorta via an independent route.   The fifth and sixth aortic arches supply the trunk and tail with oxigenated blood. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The fifth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 5 artery is paired and has a common trunk with aortic arch 6 from the ventral aorta, and drains via a separate branch of the lateral dorsal aorta. Aortic arches 5 and 6 supply the trunk and tail with oxygenated blood.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003123
name: aortic arch 6
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004351
def: "The sixth right arch disappears; the sixth left arch gives off the pulmonary arteries and forms the ductus arteriosus; this duct remains pervious during the whole of fetal life, but then closes within the first few days after birth due to increased O2 concentration. Oxygen concentration causes the production of bradykinin which causes the ductus to constrict occluding all flow. Within 1-3 months, the ductus is obliterated and becomes the ligamentum arteriosus. His showed that in the early embryo the right and left arches each gives a branch to the lungs, but that later both pulmonary arteries take origin from the left arch[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_6]
comment: Development notes: the distal left sixth arch becomes the ductus arteriosus, the proximal sixth arches bilaterally contribute to the proximal branch pulmonary arteries[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899609-overview]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "6th arch artery" EXACT [EMAPA:17005]
synonym: "AA6" EXACT [ZFA:0005016]
synonym: "pulmonary arch" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "sixth aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000353]
synonym: "sixth branchial arch artery" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010422
xref: EHDAA2:0000102
xref: EMAPA:17005
xref: SCTID:308779008
xref: TAO:0005016
xref: VHOG:0000144
xref: XAO:0000353
xref: ZFA:0005016
is_a: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6
intersection_of: UBERON:0004363  ! aortic arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6
property_value: external_definition "The fifth and sixth arches, which come on-line at approximately 2.5 dpf, have a common trunk from the ventral aorta and drain to the midline dorsal aorta via an independent route. The fifth and sixth aortic arches supply the trunk and tail with oxigenated blood. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The sixth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 6 artery is paired and has a common trunk with aortic arch 5 from the ventral aorta, and drains via a separate branch of the lateral dorsal aorta. It forms part of the pulmonary arteries, and in the later embryo, the ductus arteriosis. Aortic arches 5 and 6 together supply the trunk and tail with oxygenated blood.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003125
name: vitelline membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "a structure directly adjacent to the outer surface of the plasma membrane of an ovum. It is composed mostly of protein fibers, with protein receptors needed for sperm binding, binding to sperm plasma membrane receptors. The species-specificity between these receptors contributes to prevention of breeding between different species [Wikipedia]. A protective layer around the egg[FBbt]." [Wikipedia:Vitelline_membrane]
comment: TODO - consider GO CC request. GO:0030704-vitelline membrane formation considered a subclass of CC organization
subset: dubious_grouping  ! Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked
synonym: "m. vitellina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vitelline_membrane]
synonym: "yolk sac membrane" RELATED [BTO:0001450]
synonym: "zona pellucida" RELATED []
synonym: "zona pellucida - vitelline membrane" BROAD [VHOG:0000720]
xref: AAO:0010332
xref: BTO:0001450
xref: FBbt:00000042
xref: GAID:1318
xref: MESH:A16.631.886
xref: VHOG:0000720
xref: XAO:0000030
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of zygote (AAO:0010324)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Thin membrane enclosing and immediately adjacent to the ovum. Produced in the ovary.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Outside the plasma membrane, three envelopes surround the ovum. The first, the primary egg envelope, lies between the plasma membrane and the surrounding cells of the ovary. The most consistent component of this primary layer is the vitelline membrane, a transparent jacket of fibrous protein. In mammals, the homologous structure is called the zona pellucida.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003126
name: trachea
namespace: uberon
def: "The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches [GO:dph]." [GO:0060438, Wikipedia:Vertebrate_trachea]
comment: Taxon notes: in mouse 15-18 C-rings, 15-20 in human. [ISBN10:0123813611]. In birds, the trachea runs from the pharynx to the syrinx, from which the primary bronchi diverge. Swans have an unusually elongated trachea, part of which is coiled beneath the sternum; this may act as a resonator to amplify sound. In some birds, the cartilagenous rings are complete, and may even be ossified. In amphibians, the trachea is normally extremely short, and leads directly into the lungs, without clear primary bronchi. A longer trachea is, however found in some long-necked salamanders, and in caecilians. While there are irregular cartilagenous nodules on the amphibian trachea, these do not form the rings found in amniotes. The only vertebrate to have lungs, but no trachea, is Polypterus, in which the lungs arise directly from the pharynx.
subset: major_organ  ! somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord,  peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cartilaginous trachea" EXACT []
synonym: "tracheal tubule" RELATED [BTO:0001388]
synonym: "vertebrate trachea" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "windpipe" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010140
xref: BTO:0001388
xref: EFO:0000935
xref: EHDAA2:0002066
xref: EHDAA:3078
xref: EMAPA:16853
xref: EV:0100040
xref: FMA:7394
xref: GAID:361
xref: MA:0000441
xref: MAT:0000137
xref: MESH:A04.889
xref: MIAA:0000137
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViOX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181213009
xref: UMLS:C0040578
xref: VHOG:0000371
xref: XAO:0000118
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea
is_a: UBERON:0000117  ! respiratory tube
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008947 ! respiratory primordium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007196 ! tracheobronchial tree
property_value: external_definition "An elongated tube which carries air to and from the lungs.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The respiratory tube between the larynx and the bronchi. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "tracheal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In primitive fishes and most tetrapods, the lungs of adults are usually paired. They lie ventral to the digestive tract and are connected to the outside environment through the trachea.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003128
name: cranium
namespace: uberon
def: "Upper portion of the skull that excludes the mandible (when present in the organism)." [Wikipedia:Cranium_(anatomy)]
comment: The term cranium can be ambiguous, in that it can refer to the neurocranium, or the neurocranium and the Facial skeleton[WP]. AO notes: the inclusion of the FMA class here is probably not quite correct, as this class includes as parts sutures, whereas this is not part of the bones of the cranium
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bones of cranium" EXACT [FMA:71325]
synonym: "calvarium" RELATED [BTO:0001328]
synonym: "epicranial plate" RELATED []
synonym: "ossa cranii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71325, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of bones of cranium" EXACT [FMA:71325]
synonym: "skeletal system of head" RELATED []
synonym: "skull minus mandible" EXACT []
synonym: "upper part of skull" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001328
xref: EFO:0000831
xref: EHDAA:6029
xref: FMA:71325
xref: MA:0000316
xref: MAT:0000340
xref: MIAA:0000340
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVlEyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181889008
xref: VHOG:0000334
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003278
property_value: has_relational_adjective "cranial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003129
name: skull
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that is part of the head consisting entirely of cranium and mandible[WP]." [PMID:11523816, Wikipedia:Skull, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&amp;aid=2962656&amp;group_id=76834&amp;atid=1205376]
comment: In FMA the skull is divided into orbit, neurocranium (8 parts), viscerocranium (26 parts). Here we have a separate overlapping division into cranium and mandible. // A skull that is missing a mandible is only a cranium; this is the source of a very commonly made error in terminology. Those animals having skulls are called craniates[WP]. Editor/AO notes: in many ontologies, the structure called the cranium is inclusive of the mandible/lower jaw skeleton
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cranial skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "skeletal system of head" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001295
xref: EHDAA2:0000325
xref: EMAPA:17680
xref: FMA:46565
xref: GAID:82
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjOsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:110530005
xref: UMLS:C0037303
xref: WikipediaCategory:Skull
xref: galen:Skull
xref: ncithesaurus:Skull
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_part UBERON:0003128 ! cranium
relationship: has_part UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003133
name: reproductive organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ involved in reproduction" [UBERON:xp]
comment: GO uses genitalia for the singular organ
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "genital organ" EXACT []
synonym: "genitalia" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "reproductive system organ" EXACT []
synonym: "sex organ" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:17381
xref: MA:0001752
xref: MESH:A05.360
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwO39aJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:128181006
xref: TGMA:0000591
xref: UMLS:C0017420
xref: WBbt:0008422
xref: ncithesaurus:Genitalia
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003134
name: female reproductive organ
namespace: uberon
def: "A female organ involved in reproduction" [UBERON:xp]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "female organism reproductive organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female organism reproductive structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female organism reproductive system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female organism sex organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female reproductive gland/organ" EXACT [MA:0000544]
synonym: "female reproductive system organ" EXACT []
synonym: "female sex organ" EXACT []
synonym: "reproductive organ of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reproductive structure of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reproductive system organ of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sex organ of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17959
xref: MA:0000544
is_a: UBERON:0003133  ! reproductive organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0003133  ! reproductive organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003135
name: male reproductive organ
namespace: uberon
def: "A male organ involved in reproduction" [UBERON:xp]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "male organism reproductive organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male organism reproductive structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male organism reproductive system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male organism sex organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male reproductive gland/organ" EXACT [MA:0000545]
synonym: "male reproductive system organ" EXACT []
synonym: "male sex organ" EXACT []
synonym: "reproductive organ of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reproductive structure of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reproductive system organ of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sex organ of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000545
is_a: UBERON:0003133  ! reproductive organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0003133  ! reproductive organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003136
name: obsolete tagma
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003137
name: obsolete antennal segment
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003138
name: obsolete thoracic segment
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003139
name: obsolete larval tagma
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003140
name: obsolete larval thorax
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003141
name: obsolete larval abdomen
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003142
name: prepupa
namespace: uberon
synonym: "PP" RELATED [FBbt:00002952]
xref: BTO:0001110
xref: FBbt:00002952
xref: HAO:0000812
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002548 ! larva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003144
name: obsolete adult tagma
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003145
name: obsolete adult arthropod thorax
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003146
name: obsolete adult arthropod abdomen
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003147
name: obsolete peritreme
namespace: uberon
def: "That part of the integument of an insect which surrounds the spiracles." [http://www.answers.com/topic/peritreme]
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology. term also used for edge of the aperture of a univalve shell
synonym: "rim" RELATED [FBbt:00003121]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003148
name: obsolete sclerite
namespace: uberon
def: "hardened portions of arthropod exoskeletons." [Wikipedia:Sclerite]
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "plate" RELATED [FBbt:00004475]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003149
name: obsolete tergite
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "abdominal tergite" EXACT [FBbt:00004476]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003150
name: obsolete sternite
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "abdominal sternite" EXACT [FBbt:00004477]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003151
name: obsolete foramen
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003152
name: obsolete phragma
namespace: uberon
def: "The lamella that serves as the site of attachment of the longitudinal flight muscle [HAO]." [HAO:0000716]
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003153
name: head capsule
namespace: uberon
xref: BTO:0004711
xref: EFO:0001927
xref: FBbt:00004482
xref: HAO:0000398
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003154
name: obsolete gena
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "cheek" RELATED [FBbt:00004491]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003156
name: obsolete postocciput
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003157
name: obsolete postgena
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003158
name: obsolete tentorial pit
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003159
name: obsolete anterior tentorial pit
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003160
name: obsolete posterior tentorial pit
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003163
name: obsolete mouthpart
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: TODO

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003164
name: obsolete clypeus
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003165
name: obsolete cibarium
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "atrium" RELATED [FBbt:00004526]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003166
name: obsolete prementum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "theca" RELATED [FBbt:00004534]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003167
name: obsolete lacinia
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003168
name: obsolete mentum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003169
name: obsolete cervical sclerite
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003170
name: obsolete tergum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003171
name: obsolete episternum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003172
name: obsolete epimeron
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003173
name: obsolete pronotum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003174
name: obsolete furcasternum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003175
name: obsolete prescutum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003176
name: obsolete anterior notal wing process
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003177
name: obsolete posterior notal wing process
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003178
name: obsolete postnotum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "postscutellum" RELATED [FBbt:00004588]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003179
name: obsolete pleural wing process
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003180
name: obsolete anepisternum
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "mesopleurite" RELATED [FBbt:00004597]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003181
name: obsolete scutoscutellar suture
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003182
name: obsolete pleural suture
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003183
name: obsolete notopleural suture
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003184
name: obsolete mesofurca
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "mesothoracic sternal apophysis" RELATED [FBbt:00004619]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003185
name: obsolete metafurca
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "metathoracic sternal apophysis" RELATED [FBbt:00004638]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003186
name: obsolete coxa
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003187
name: obsolete pretarsus
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003188
name: obsolete auxilia
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003189
name: obsolete unguitractor plate
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003190
name: obsolete empodium
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003191
name: obsolete tegula
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003192
name: obsolete axillary sclerite
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003193
name: obsolete axillary cord
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003195
name: obsolete crossvein
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003196
name: obsolete wing cell
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology
synonym: "intervein" RELATED [FBbt:00004769]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003197
name: obsolete costal cell
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003198
name: obsolete aedeagus
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003199
name: egg chamber
namespace: uberon
synonym: "follicle" RELATED [FBbt:00004894]
synonym: "germarium derived egg chamber" EXACT [FBbt:00004894]
xref: FBbt:00004894
xref: HAO:0000287
xref: UMLS:C1571705
xref: ncithesaurus:Follicle
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003200
name: obsolete pedicel
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003201
name: exocuticle
namespace: uberon
def: "The outer layer of the procuticle of certain crustaceans and arthropods, which contains cuticulin, chitin, and phenolic substances that are oxidized to produce the dark pigment of the cuticle;nThe hard and usually darkened layer of the cuticle lying between the endocuticle and epicuticle." [BTO:0001602]
xref: BTO:0001602
xref: FBbt:00004973
xref: HAO:0000311
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003202
name: endocuticle
namespace: uberon
def: "The inner layer of the procuticle in certain crustaceans and arthropods, which is almost entirely composed of protein and chitin." [BTO:0001603]
xref: BTO:0001603
xref: FBbt:00004974
xref: HAO:0000290
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003203
name: obsolete apodeme
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003204
name: obsolete epipharynx
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003205
name: obsolete articulation
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: incorrect grouping

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003206
name: obsolete apophysis
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: incorrect grouping

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003207
name: obsolete arthropod appendage segment
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003209
name: blood nerve barrier
namespace: uberon
def: "barrier between the perineurium of peripheral nerves and the vascular endothelium of endoneurial capillaries. The perineurium acts as a diffusion barrier, but ion permeability at the blood-nerve barrier is still higher than at the blood-brain barrier[GO]." [GO:0008065, Wikipedia:Blood-nerve_barrier]
synonym: "blood-nerve barrier" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000179 ! haemolymphatic fluid
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001021 ! nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003210
name: blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier
namespace: uberon
def: "barrier in the choroid plexus located in the lateral, third, and fourth brain ventricles that controls the entrance of substances into the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood[MP]." [MP:0006088]
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000178 ! blood
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001359 ! cerebrospinal fluid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003212
name: gustatory organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Any sense organ that functions in (some) detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste (GO:0050912)." [FBC:auto_generated_definition]
synonym: "gustatory organ system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gustatory system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ of gustatory organ system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ of gustatory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ of taste system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "taste organ" EXACT []
synonym: "taste system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FBbt:00005159
xref: FMA:77853
is_a: UBERON:0000005  ! chemosensory organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003215
name: alveolus
namespace: uberon
def: "organ part that has the form of a hollow cavity[WP]." [Wikipedia:Alveolus]
xref: EFO:0002513
xref: EV:0100043
xref: FMA:82493
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwN8NFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: UMLS:C0034051
xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolus
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
property_value: has_relational_adjective "alveolar" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003216
name: hard palate
namespace: uberon
def: "anterior portion of the palate consisting of bone and mucous membranes[GO]. The hard palate is formed from bony processes of the maxilla, premaxilla and palatine[Kardong]." [GO:0060022, Wikipedia:Hard_palate]
comment: In FMA this is divided into bony parts and submucosa
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "hard palate" EXACT []
synonym: "palatum durum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Hard_palate]
xref: EMAPA:18952
xref: FMA:55023
xref: GAID:221
xref: MA:0002477
xref: MAT:0000161
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.502.660
xref: MIAA:0000161
xref: SCTID:245778002
xref: UMLS:C0226901
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Illu_mouth.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hard_Palate
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003217
name: neural lobe of neurohypophysis
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system. Despite its name, the posterior pituitary gland is not a gland, per se; rather, it is largely a collection of axonal projections from the hypothalamus that terminate behind the anterior pituitary gland. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Neurohypophysis#cite_note-1]
comment: TODO - compare with UBERON:0002198
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pars nervosa" RELATED [MA:0000860]
synonym: "pars nervosa (neurohypophysis)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74636, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars nervosa neurohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74636, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars nervosa of hypophysis" EXACT []
synonym: "pars nervosa of neurohypophysis" EXACT []
synonym: "pars nervosa of posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT []
synonym: "pars nervosa pituitary gland" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_941]
synonym: "pars posterior" EXACT [MA:0000860]
synonym: "posterior lobe" BROAD [BTO:0000561]
synonym: "posterior lobe of neurohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74636]
synonym: "posterior lobe-3" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000561
xref: EHDAA2:0001418
xref: EHDAA:7542
xref: FMA:74636
xref: MA:0000860
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_941
xref: SCTID:424523008
xref: VHOG:0001180
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG/200px-Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003218
name: ovary septum
namespace: uberon
def: "Septum that divides the ovary, the basal portion of a carpel or group of fused carpels, that encloses the ovule(s)[GO]." [GO:0080126]
is_a: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003219
name: shell septum
namespace: uberon
def: "Septum that divides the internal chambers (camerae) of the shell of a cephalopod, namely nautiloids or ammonoids." [GO:0080126, Wikipedia:Septum_(marine_biology)]
is_a: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006612 ! shell
intersection_of: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006612 ! shell

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003220
name: metanephric mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO]" [GO:0072075, Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema]
comment: Genes: The positional specification of the metanephrogenic mesenchyme is negatively regulated by Foxc1 and Foxc2. Next the permanent kidney forming metanephrogenic mesenchyme is specified by Hox11 genes. The competence to respond to ureteric bud inducers is regulated by WT1. GDNF secretion restricted to posterior region by Robo2 and Sprouty1. The receptors for GDNF are synthesized in the nephric ducts and later in ureteric buds [ISBN:9780878932504 \"Developmental Biology\"]
synonym: "metanephric blastema" EXACT [Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema]
synonym: "metanephric mesoderm" EXACT [Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema]
synonym: "metanephrogenic mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA:5021]
synonym: "metanephros associated mesenchyme" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001139]
xref: EHDAA2:0004062
xref: EHDAA:4041
xref: EHDAA:5021
xref: EHDAA:5915
xref: EMAPA:17208
xref: EMAPA:17375
xref: EMAPA:29990
xref: SCTID:361529008
xref: VHOG:0000540
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003918  ! kidney mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
property_value: external_definition "A mass of intermediate mesodermal cells around the distal end of the ureteric bud that gives rise to nephrons in the metanephric kidney. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "When the ureteric buds emerge from the nephric duct, they enter the metanephrogenic mesenchyme. The ureteric buds induce this mesenchymal tissue to condense around them and differentiate into the nephrons of the mammalian kidney. As this mesenchyme differentiates, it tells the ureteric bud to branch and grow.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003221
name: phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral bones that are often elongate and arranged in rows of articulating elements, and form the visible part of the digits." [VSAO:0000199, Wikipedia:Phalanx_bones]
comment: Taxon notes: In primates such as humans and monkeys, the thumb and big toe have two phalanges, while the other fingers and toes consist of three[WP]
synonym: "digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalange" EXACT []
synonym: "phalanges" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "phalanx bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Phalanx_bones]
xref: MA:0000304
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvolPZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:290029003
xref: UMLS:C0222682
xref: VSAO:0000199
xref: galen:Phalanx
xref: ncithesaurus:Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003606  ! limb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0012357  ! digitopodium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010701 ! phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010543 ! acropodial skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0002495  ! long bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit
property_value: has_relational_adjective "phalangeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003222
name: flexor digitorum superficialis
namespace: uberon
def: "an extrinsic flexor muscle of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints. The muscle has two classically described heads - the humeroulnar and radial - and it is between these heads that the median nerve and ulnar artery pass. The ulnar collateral ligament of elbow joint gives its origin to part of this muscle. The primary function of flexor digitorum superficialis is flexion of the middle phalanges of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints, however under continued action it also flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and wrist joint[WP]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_superficialis_muscle]
synonym: "flexor digitorum superficialis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_superficialis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus flexor digitorum superficialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_superficialis_muscle]
xref: FMA:38469
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray421.png
is_a: UBERON:0004254  ! forelimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0007612 ! extensor digitorum communis
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006806 ! entepicondyle of humerus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001148 ! median nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003228
name: supinator muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a muscle which originates on the distal humerus, inserts on the radius and accomplishes supination (rotation of the wrist)." [Wikipedia:Supinator_muscle]
comment: TODO: The term \"supinator\" can also refer more generally to a muscle that causes supination of a part of the body. In older texts, the term \"supinator longus\" was used to refer to the brachioradialis, and \"supinator brevis\" was used to the muscle now known as the supinator.
synonym: "musculus supinator" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Supinator_muscle]
synonym: "supinator" EXACT []
synonym: "supinator brevus" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Supinator_muscle]
xref: FMA:38512
xref: FMA:75002
xref: SCTID:181634007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Gray420.png
is_a: UBERON:0004254  ! forelimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001520 ! pronator teres
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 ! ectepicondyle of humerus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001492 ! radial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003229
name: epithelium of elbow
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a elbow [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cubital region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cubital region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elbow epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elbow epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000430
xref: EHDAA:4168
xref: EHDAA:6214
xref: EMAPA:17415
xref: VHOG:0001044
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003230
name: epithelium of carpal region
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "carpal region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "carpal region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wrist epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wrist epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000219
xref: EHDAA:5198
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003231
name: epithelium of hip
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a hip [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "regio coxae epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "regio coxae epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000784
xref: EHDAA:5155
xref: EHDAA:6180
xref: EMAPA:17491
xref: VHOG:0000779
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003371 ! pelvic appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003232
name: epithelium of knee
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "knee epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "knee epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000896
xref: EHDAA:5161
xref: EHDAA:6186
xref: EMAPA:17494
xref: VHOG:0000810
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003371 ! pelvic appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003233
name: epithelium of shoulder
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "shoulder epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "shoulder epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001835
xref: EHDAA:4182
xref: EHDAA:6230
xref: EMAPA:17422
xref: VHOG:0000761
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003235
name: epithelium of upper jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a upper jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of upper jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palatoquadrate arch epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palatoquadrate arch epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper jaw epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper jaw epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002119
xref: EHDAA:8027
xref: EMAPA:17943
xref: EMAPA:18971
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003236
name: epithelium of lower jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001019
xref: EHDAA:7999
xref: EMAPA:17922
xref: EMAPA:18968
xref: VHOG:0000802
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003238
name: epithelium of superior semicircular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of an anterior semicircular canal [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior semicircular canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior semicircular canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of anterior semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of superior semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of anterior semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior semicircular canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior semicircular canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:7806
xref: EMAPA:17301
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001961
xref: VHOG:0001039
is_a: UBERON:0006937  ! inner ear epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001841 ! anterior semicircular canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001841 ! anterior semicircular canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003239
name: epithelium of posterior semicircular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a posterior semicircular canal [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of posterior semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior semicircular canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "posterior semicircular canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:7800
xref: EMAPA:17298
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001491
xref: VHOG:0000758
is_a: UBERON:0006937  ! inner ear epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001842 ! posterior semicircular canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001842 ! posterior semicircular canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003240
name: epithelium of lateral semicircular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lateral semicircular canal [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lateral semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral semicircular canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral semicircular canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:7794
xref: EMAPA:17823
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000922
xref: VHOG:0000480
is_a: UBERON:0006937  ! inner ear epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001843 ! lateral semicircular canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001843 ! lateral semicircular canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003241
name: epithelium of utricle
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a utricle of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - check relationships w.r.t macula
synonym: "epithelial tissue of membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of utricle of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth" NARROW [FMA:75604]
synonym: "epithelium of membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of utricle of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "utricle epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "utricle epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "utricle of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "utricle of membranous labyrinth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:4730
xref: EMAPA:17295
xref: EMAPA:17298
xref: EMAPA:17301
xref: EMAPA:17820
xref: EMAPA:17823
xref: FMA:75604
xref: MA:0001204
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002155
xref: VHOG:0000634
is_a: UBERON:0006932  ! vestibular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002214 ! macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003242
name: epithelium of saccule
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a saccule of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - check relationships w.r.t macula
synonym: "epithelial tissue of membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of saccule of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth" RELATED [FMA:75605]
synonym: "epithelium of membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of saccule of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "saccule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "saccule epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "saccule of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "saccule of membranous labyrinth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:4724
xref: EMAPA:17292
xref: FMA:75605
xref: MA:0001202
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001771
xref: VHOG:0000633
is_a: UBERON:0006932  ! vestibular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003243
name: epithelium of cochlear duct
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Reissner's canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Reissner's canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cochlear duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cochlear duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of Reissner's canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of cochlear duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of Reissner's canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:4722
xref: EMAPA:17600
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000264
xref: VHOG:0000640
is_a: UBERON:0006937  ! inner ear epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003246
name: epithelium of endolymphatic sac
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a endolymphatic sac [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endolymphatic sac epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endolymphatic sac epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of endolymphatic sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:7765
xref: EMAPA:17595
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000443
is_a: UBERON:0006937  ! inner ear epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002223 ! endolymphatic sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002223 ! endolymphatic sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003247
name: epithelium of forearm
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower arm epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower arm epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower segment of arm epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower segment of arm epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000554
xref: EHDAA:4174
xref: EHDAA:6220
xref: EMAPA:17418
xref: VHOG:0001096
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003248
name: epithelium of footplate
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a footplate." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot plate epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "footplate epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000548]
xref: EHDAA2:0000548
xref: EHDAA:5145
xref: EHDAA:6144
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003249
name: epithelium of otic placode
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a otic placode [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: editor note - check ZFA, placemeant, appears to refer to both adult structures and primordium
synonym: "epithelial tissue of otic placode" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "otic epithelium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "otic placode epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "otic placode epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001341
xref: EHDAA:510
xref: EMAPA:16197
xref: VHOG:0000636
xref: ZFA:0007068
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003250
name: rectus capitis lateralis
namespace: uberon
def: "The Rectus capitis lateralis, a short, flat muscle, arises from the upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas, and is inserted into the under surface of the jugular process of the occipital bone." [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "lateral rectus capitis" EXACT [FMA:46316]
synonym: "musculus rectus capitis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitis lateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitus lateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitus lateralis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle]
xref: FMA:46316
xref: SCTID:244841001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003251
name: temporal part of head
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: see UBERONREF:0000007 'temporal region'
synonym: "temporal region" RELATED [FMA:63867]
synonym: "temporal region of head" RELATED [FMA:63867]
xref: FMA:63867
xref: SCTID:362620003
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003252
name: rib cage
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all ribs in an organism connected via the sternum." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Rib_cage]
synonym: "cavea thoracis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7480, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Human_rib_cage]
synonym: "rib series" EXACT [TAO:0002100]
synonym: "thoracic cage" EXACT [FMA:7480]
xref: FMA:7480
xref: SCTID:361741004
xref: TAO:0002100
xref: galen:RibCage
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Gray112.png
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7778
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one rib in an individual.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003253
name: neck of rib
namespace: uberon
def: "The neck of the rib is the flattened portion which extends lateralward from the head; it is about 2.5 cm. long, and is placed in front of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrC& with which the head articulates. Its anterior surface is flat and smooth, its posterior rough for the attachment of the ligament of the neck, and perforated by numerous foramina. Of its two borders the superior presents a rough crest (crista colli costE) for the attachment of the anterior costotransverse ligament; its inferior border is rounded. On the posterior surface at the junction of the neck and body, and nearer the lower than the upper border, is an eminencebthe tubercle; it consists of an articular and a non-articular portion. The articular portion, the lower and more medial of the two, presents a small, oval surface for articulation with the end of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrC& to which the head is connected. The non-articular portion is a rough elevation, and affords attachment to the ligament of the tubercle. The tubercle is much more prominent in the upper than in the lower ribs." [Wikipedia:Neck_of_rib]
synonym: "collum costae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Neck_of_rib]
synonym: "rib neck" EXACT [FMA:7576]
xref: FMA:7576
xref: SCTID:263359009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray122.png
is_a: UBERON:0001560  ! neck of organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 ! proximal segment of rib
intersection_of: UBERON:0001560  ! neck of organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003255
name: obsolete ectoderm of embryo
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: deleted because the original definition was unclear. Me may reconstitute this and to distinguish extramebryonic from embryonic germ layers. See amniotic ectoderm and amniotic mesoderm
synonym: "developmental tissue ectoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ectoderm of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "embryo ectoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:132

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003256
name: obsolete endoderm of embryo
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: deleted because the original definition was unclear. Me may reconstitute this and to distinguish extramebryonic from embryonic germ layers. See amniotic ectoderm and amniotic mesoderm
synonym: "developmental tissue endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "embryo endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endoderm of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:94

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003257
name: yolk sac endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An extraembryonic structure that develops_from a endoderm and is part of a yolk sac." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check
xref: EHDAA2:0002215
xref: EHDAA:166
xref: EMAPA:16086
xref: VHOG:0000626
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003258
name: endoderm of foregut
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "foregut endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000566
xref: EHDAA:524
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003259
name: endoderm of midgut
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a midgut [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "midgut endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:987
xref: EMAPA:16257
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001194
xref: VHOG:0001080
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003260
name: endoderm of hindgut
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "hindgut endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:979
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000781
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003261
name: thyroid primordium endoderm
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005235
def: "An endoderm that is part of a thyroid primordium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endoderm of thyroid primordium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:956
xref: EMAPA:16560
xref: EMAPA:25357
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002035
xref: VHOG:0001089
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 ! early pharyngeal endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003091 ! thyroid primordium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003091 ! thyroid primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003264
name: mesoderm of yolk sac
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesoderm that is part of a yolk sac [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "yolk sac mesoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:168
xref: EMAPA:16087
xref: VHOG:0000617
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000926  ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0000926  ! mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003266
name: obsolete nerve of central nervous system
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: obsoleted pending formal definition of nerve, with explicit reference to PNS vs CNS

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003267
name: tooth of upper jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "A calcareous tooth that is part of a upper jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: Note that we follow EHDAA2 and consider teeth part of the jaw skeleton
synonym: "upper jaw tooth" EXACT [MA:0001909]
xref: EHDAA2:0002129
xref: EHDAA:8045
xref: EMAPA:17938
xref: MA:0001909
xref: UMLS:C1710581
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Jaw_Tooth
is_a: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009680 ! set of upper jaw teeth
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003268
name: tooth of lower jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "A calcareous tooth that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "calcareous tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "calcareous tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dentine containing tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dentine containing tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw calcareous tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw dentine containing tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw vertebrate tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch calcareous tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch dentine containing tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch vertebrate tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebrate tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebrate tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001029
xref: EHDAA:8009
xref: EMAPA:17917
xref: MA:0001907
xref: UMLS:C1708757
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Jaw_Tooth
is_a: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009679 ! set of lower jaw teeth
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003269
name: skeletal muscle of eye
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a eye [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eye skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eye skeletal muscle group" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000486]
synonym: "eye skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000486
xref: EHDAA:2923
xref: EMAPA:17844
is_a: UBERON:0003899  ! skeletal muscle of head
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003270
name: skeletal muscle of leg
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a tetrapod leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "leg skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "leg skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:8291
xref: EMAPA:19144
xref: EMAPA:19318
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000974
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004466 ! musculature of leg
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003271
name: skeletal muscle of pelvic girdle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a pelvic girdle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "girdle-pelvic skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "girdle-pelvic skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic girdle bone skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic girdle bone skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic girdle skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic girdle skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of girdle-pelvic" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of pelvic girdle bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of girdle-pelvic" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of pelvic girdle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of pelvic girdle bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:8326
xref: EMAPA:18185
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001430
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003272
name: skeletal muscle of arm
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:8277
xref: EMAPA:19107
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000142
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004474 ! musculature of arm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003273
name: skeletal muscle of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tongue skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tongue skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002065
xref: EHDAA:9146
xref: EMAPA:17883
xref: EMAPA:18879
xref: MA:0001596
xref: UMLS:C1710437
xref: VHOG:0001390
xref: ncithesaurus:Tongue_Skeletal_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003899  ! skeletal muscle of head
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005594 ! head somite
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000378 ! tongue muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004477 ! tongue musculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
property_value: homology_notes "The lamprey head contains another group of muscles, the epi- and hypo-branchial muscles (EBM and HBM), derivatives of anterior trunk myotomes. (...) The origin and the migration pattern of HBM precursors are very similar to that of the gnathostome MPP, especially to that of the tongue muscle precursors. Other evidence of homology of lamprey HBM to the gnathostome tongue muscle is that HBM is innervated by the nerve termed the hypoglossal nerve based on its morphological position associated with the head/trunk interface. (...) The HBM-specific expression of the LampPax3/7 gene is consistent with the homology of this muscle to the gnathostome tongue muscle, or to the hypobranchial series as a whole (including the infrahyoid and possibly the diaphragm in mammals).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003274
name: mesothelium of omental bursa
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesothelium that is part of a lesser sac [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lesser sac mesothelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004557]
synonym: "omental bursa mehomhelium" RELATED [VHOG:0000441]
synonym: "omental bursa mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004557
xref: EHDAA:2339
xref: EMAPA:16890
xref: EMAPA:18459
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001299
xref: VHOG:0000441
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003276
name: skeleton of embryo
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal system that is part of a embryo [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "developmental tissue set of all bones" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "developmental tissue set of bones of body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "developmental tissue skeletal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "developmental tissue skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "developmental tissue skeleton system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "embryo set of all bones" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "embryo set of bones of body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "embryo skeletal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "embryo skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "embryo skeleton system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "set of all bones of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "set of all bones of embryo" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "set of bones of body of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "set of bones of body of embryo" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal system of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal system of embryo" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeleton of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeleton system of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeleton system of embryo" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:5047
xref: EMAPA:17213
is_a: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
intersection_of: UBERON:0001434  ! skeletal system
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003277
name: skeleton of upper jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of skeleton that is part of the upper jaw region[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper jaw" BROAD [MA:0001908]
synonym: "upper jaw skeleton" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000622
xref: EHDAA2:0002128
xref: EHDAA:8041
xref: EMAPA:17927
xref: FMA:54397
xref: FMA:59399
xref: MA:0001908
xref: VHOG:0000429
xref: XAO:0003087
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
property_value: homology_notes "The jaw joint of all jawed vertebrates, except for mammals, involves the quadrate and articular bones, or the posterior ends of the palatoquadrate and mandibular cartilages; A correlate of the conversion of the articular and quadrate bones to the malleus and incus is that all adult mammals have a jaw joint that lies between the dentary of the lower jaw and the squamosal bone of the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003278
name: skeleton of lower jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of skeleton that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: in EHDAA2, this does not include the mandible; it includes the teeth and Meckel's cartilage
synonym: "lower jaw" BROAD [MA:0001906, ZFA:0001273]
synonym: "lower jaw skeleton" EXACT [AAO:0000274]
synonym: "mandible" BROAD [ZFA:0001273]
synonym: "mandibles" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001273]
synonym: "mandibular series" RELATED [ZFA:0001273]
xref: AAO:0000274
xref: EHDAA2:0004606
xref: EHDAA:8005
xref: EMAPA:17910
xref: FMA:54398
xref: MA:0001906
xref: TAO:0001273
xref: VHOG:0000428
xref: XAO:0003084
xref: ZFA:0001273
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: develops_from anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: overlaps anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: part_of anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: subdivision_of anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The ventral portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the lower jaw.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The jaw joint of all jawed vertebrates, except for mammals, involves the quadrate and articular bones, or the posterior ends of the palatoquadrate and mandibular cartilages; A correlate of the conversion of the articular and quadrate bones to the malleus and incus is that all adult mammals have a jaw joint that lies between the dentary of the lower jaw and the squamosal bone of the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003279
name: endothelium of trachea
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a trachea." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:3082
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002068
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001901  ! epithelium of trachea
is_a: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003280
name: endothelium of main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:3076
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001046
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0002340  ! epithelium of main bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003281
name: mesentery of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "The portion of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach; from its dorsal sheet, the greater omentum develops, and from its ventral sheet, the lesser omentum." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mesogastrium]
comment: todo - check primitive vs developed
synonym: "mesentery of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesogaster" EXACT [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mesogastrium]
synonym: "mesogastium" EXACT [MA:0001617]
synonym: "mesogastrium" EXACT [http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/misc_topics/peritoneum.html]
synonym: "stomach mesentery" EXACT [Obol:obol]
synonym: "ventriculus mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001922
xref: EHDAA:2999
xref: EMAPA:17024
xref: EMAPA:18902
xref: MA:0001617
xref: SCTID:261623000
xref: VHOG:0000358
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004854  ! gastrointestinal system mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
property_value: external_definition "The portion of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach; from its dorsal sheet, the greater omentum develops, and from its ventral sheet, the lesser omentum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003282
name: mesentery of heart
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that surrounds the heart." [MA:th]
synonym: "heart mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesocardium" RELATED [MA:0000098]
xref: EHDAA:432
xref: EMAPA:16212
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000739
xref: VHOG:0000353
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003283
name: mesentery of oesophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesentery of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesentery of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001288
xref: EHDAA:2943
xref: EMAPA:16836
xref: EMAPA:18864
xref: MA:0001569
xref: VHOG:0000415
is_a: UBERON:0001975  ! serosa of esophagus
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003284
name: mesentery of midgut
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a midgut [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midgut mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001202
xref: EHDAA:3031
xref: EMAPA:16721
xref: EMAPA:17039
xref: EMAPA:17045
xref: EMAPA:17197
xref: VHOG:0000413
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003285
name: obsolete limb of embryo
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0002101  ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003286
name: foregut region of duodenum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "foregut duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000560
xref: EHDAA:3830
xref: EMAPA:17178
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003287
name: midgut region of duodenum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "midgut duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001189
xref: EHDAA:3937
xref: EMAPA:17193
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003288
name: meninx of midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A meninx that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: consider changing genus to subdivision of meninx
synonym: "meninges of midbrain" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesencephalon meninges" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000012]
synonym: "midbrain meninges" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001174
xref: EHDAA:3708
xref: EMAPA:17791
xref: MA:0001058
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001109
xref: VHOG:0000012
is_a: UBERON:0003547  ! brain meninx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003289
name: meninx of telencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A meninx that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: consider changing genus to subdivision of meninx
synonym: "meninges of telencephalon" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "telencephalon meninges" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "telencephalon meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001990
xref: EHDAA:5476
xref: EMAPA:17774
xref: MA:0000979
xref: VHOG:0000010
is_a: UBERON:0003548  ! forebrain meninges
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003290
name: meninx of diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A meninx that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: consider changing genus to subdivision of meninx
synonym: "between brain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "between brain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interbrain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interbrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mature diencephalon meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mature diencephalon meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninges of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninges of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninges of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninges of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninx of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninx of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninx of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000399
xref: EHDAA:5458
xref: EMAPA:17764
xref: MA:0000826
xref: VHOG:0000009
is_a: UBERON:0003548  ! forebrain meninges
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003291
name: meninx of hindbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A meninx that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: consider changing genus to subdivision of meninx
synonym: "hindbrain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindbrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninges of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhomencephalon meninges" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000011]
xref: EHDAA2:0000770
xref: EHDAA:3688
xref: EMAPA:17783
xref: MA:0000987
xref: VHOG:0000011
is_a: UBERON:0003547  ! brain meninx
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010091 ! future hindbrain meninges
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003292
name: meninx of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A meninx that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "menines of spinal cord" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "meninges of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal cord meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal cord meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal meninges" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "spinal meninx" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001895
xref: EHDAA:2865
xref: EMAPA:17804
xref: MA:0001130
xref: SCTID:181097002
xref: UMLS:C0037938
xref: VHOG:0000443
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Meninges
is_a: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the spinal cord. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003294
name: gland of foregut
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foregut gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000567
xref: EHDAA:950
xref: EMAPA:16557
xref: VHOG:0000650
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003295
name: pharyngeal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Racemose mucous glands beneath the mucous membrane of the pharynx." [Biology-Online_Dictionary:http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "glandulae pharyngeae" RELATED [BTO:0004849]
synonym: "pharynx gland" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001461]
xref: BTO:0004849
xref: EHDAA2:0001461
xref: EHDAA:2967
xref: FMA:55075
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003296
name: gland of diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "between brain gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interbrain gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mature diencephalon gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000395
xref: EHDAA:4475
xref: EMAPA:16646
xref: EMAPA:16897
xref: VHOG:0000653
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003297
name: gland of integumental system
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a integumental system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "integumental system gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000837
xref: EHDAA:6522
xref: EMAPA:17758
xref: MA:0000144
xref: VHOG:0000654
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003298
name: roof plate of neural tube
namespace: uberon
def: "A roof plate that is part of a neural tube [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "neural tube roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neural tube roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate neural tube" EXACT [VHOG:0000303]
synonym: "roof plate neural tube region" EXACT [ZFA:0001436]
synonym: "roofplate of neural tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001270
xref: EHDAA:2891
xref: EHDAA:916
xref: EMAPA:16168
xref: EMAPA:16535
xref: TAO:0001436
xref: VHOG:0000303
xref: ZFA:0001436
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003299
name: roof plate of midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A roof plate that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "midbrain roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000772]
synonym: "roof plate midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0000772]
synonym: "roof plate midbrain region" EXACT [ZFA:0000355]
synonym: "roofplate midbrain" RELATED [VHOG:0000772]
synonym: "roofplate of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001177
xref: EHDAA:3712
xref: EMAPA:16981
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001111
xref: TAO:0000355
xref: VHOG:0000772
xref: ZFA:0000355
is_a: UBERON:0003298  ! roof plate of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003300
name: roof plate of telencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A roof plate that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate telencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000774]
synonym: "roofplate medulla telencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000774]
synonym: "roofplate of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "telencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "telencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001994
xref: EHDAA:3512
xref: EMAPA:16657
xref: VHOG:0000774
is_a: UBERON:0003298  ! roof plate of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003301
name: roof plate of diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A roof plate that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "between brain roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "between brain roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interbrain roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interbrain roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mature diencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mature diencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate diencephalic region" EXACT [ZFA:0001358]
synonym: "roof plate diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000771]
synonym: "roof plate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate medulla diencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000771]
synonym: "roofplate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000402
xref: EHDAA:1979
xref: EHDAA:2657
xref: EHDAA:3494
xref: EMAPA:16651
xref: EMAPA:16909
xref: TAO:0001358
xref: VHOG:0000771
xref: ZFA:0001358
is_a: UBERON:0003298  ! roof plate of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003302
name: roof plate of metencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A roof plate that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epencephalon-2 roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epencephalon-2 roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate metencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000770]
synonym: "roof plate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate medulla metencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000770]
synonym: "roofplate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001160
xref: EHDAA:5524
xref: EMAPA:17098
xref: EMAPA:17105
xref: VHOG:0000770
is_a: UBERON:0003298  ! roof plate of neural tube
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the metencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003303
name: roof plate of medulla oblongata
namespace: uberon
def: "A roof plate that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bulb roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bulb roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla oblongata roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla oblongata roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla oblonmgata roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla oblonmgata roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metepencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metepencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate medulla oblongata" EXACT [VHOG:0000776]
synonym: "roof plate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate medulla oblongata" RELATED [VHOG:0000776]
synonym: "roofplate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roofplate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001099
xref: EHDAA:7614
xref: VHOG:0000776
is_a: UBERON:0003298  ! roof plate of neural tube
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the medulla oblongata. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003304
name: mesoderm blood island
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003305
def: "A blood island that is part of a mesoderm." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: in EHDAA2, gives rise to blood and dorsal aorta
synonym: "mesenchyme blood island" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesoderm blood islands" EXACT PLURAL [EHDAA2:0003241]
xref: EHDAA2:0003241
xref: EHDAA:170
xref: EMAPA:16115
xref: EMAPA:16268
is_a: UBERON:0003061  ! blood island
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
is_a: UBERON:0007503  ! epithelial vesicle
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012429  ! hemopoietic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007798 ! vascular system
intersection_of: UBERON:0003061  ! blood island
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003306
name: floor plate of neural tube
namespace: uberon
def: "A floor plate that is part of a neural tube [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note that although 'floor plate' is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the floor plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. We introduce this class for the neural tube specific structure
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate neural tube" EXACT [ZFA:0001434]
synonym: "floorplate neural tube" RELATED [VHOG:0000300]
synonym: "floorplate of neural tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neural tube floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neural tube floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003688
xref: EHDAA2:0001256
xref: EHDAA:2871
xref: EHDAA:910
xref: EMAPA:16165
xref: EMAPA:16531
xref: TAO:0001434
xref: VHOG:0000300
xref: ZFA:0001434
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003307
name: floor plate of midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A floor plate that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000780]
synonym: "floor plate midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0000780]
synonym: "floor plate midbrain region" EXACT [ZFA:0001677]
synonym: "floorplate midbrain" RELATED [VHOG:0000780]
synonym: "floorplate of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003567
xref: EHDAA2:0001164
xref: EHDAA:3698
xref: EMAPA:16975
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001106
xref: TAO:0002196
xref: VHOG:0000780
xref: ZFA:0001677
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002950  ! regional part of midbrain
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass multi-tissue structure (CARO:0000055) CHANGED TO: develops_from multi-tissue structure (UBERON:0000481)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass multi-tissue structure (CARO:0000055) CHANGED TO: part_of multi-tissue structure (UBERON:0000481)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Floor plate that is part of the midbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003308
name: floor plate of telencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A floor plate that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate telencephalic region" EXACT [ZFA:0000914]
synonym: "floor plate telencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000783]
synonym: "floorplate of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000914]
synonym: "telencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "telencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001983
xref: EHDAA:3498
xref: EMAPA:16655
xref: TAO:0000914
xref: VHOG:0000783
xref: ZFA:0000914
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003309
name: floor plate of diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A floor plate that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "between brain floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "between brain floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floor plate diencephalic region" EXACT [ZFA:0000871]
synonym: "floor plate diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000782]
synonym: "floor plate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floor plate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floor plate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate diencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000871]
synonym: "floorplate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interbrain floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interbrain floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mature diencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mature diencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000388
xref: EHDAA:1975
xref: EHDAA:2651
xref: EHDAA:3480
xref: EMAPA:16645
xref: EMAPA:16903
xref: TAO:0000871
xref: VHOG:0000782
xref: ZFA:0000871
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003310
name: floor plate of metencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A floor plate that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epencephalon-2 floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epencephalon-2 floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floor plate metencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000784]
synonym: "floor plate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate metencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000784]
synonym: "floorplate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001158
xref: EHDAA:5500
xref: EMAPA:17093
xref: EMAPA:17100
xref: EMAPA:17258
xref: VHOG:0000784
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003311
name: floor plate of medulla oblongata
namespace: uberon
def: "A floor plate that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bulb floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bulb floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floor plate medulla oblongata" EXACT [VHOG:0000786]
synonym: "floor plate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floor plate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floor plate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate medulla oblongata" RELATED [VHOG:0000786]
synonym: "floorplate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "floorplate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla oblongata floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla oblongata floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla oblonmgata floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla oblonmgata floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metepencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metepencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001097
xref: EHDAA:7590
xref: EMAPA:17551
xref: VHOG:0000786
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003312
name: mesenchyme of testis
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a testis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "testis mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002010
xref: EHDAA:8150
xref: VHOG:0001442
is_a: UBERON:0003855  ! gonad mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003314
name: eye mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a camera-type eye." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - change mesenchyme relationships to precursor_of
synonym: "mesenchyme of eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000485
xref: EHDAA:2910
xref: EMAPA:16324
xref: EMAPA:16673
xref: EMAPA:17833
xref: EMAPA:17836
xref: VHOG:0001084
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0009891  ! facial mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009920 ! optic neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003315
name: mesenchyme of ovary
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a ovary [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female reproductive system gonad mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female reproductive system gonada mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad of female reproductive system mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada of female reproductive system mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of female reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of female reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of gonad of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of gonada of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ovary mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001362
xref: EHDAA:8128
xref: VHOG:0001441
is_a: UBERON:0003855  ! gonad mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003317
name: odontogenic papilla of incisor
namespace: uberon
def: "An odontogenic papilla that is part of a incisor tooth [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor dental papilla" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "incisor mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "incisor odontogenic papilla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor tooth odontogenic papilla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "odontogenic papilla of incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0001763  ! odontogenic papilla
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010259 ! 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth
intersection_of: UBERON:0001763  ! odontogenic papilla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003318
name: mesenchyme of elbow
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a elbow [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cubital region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elbow mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000432
xref: EHDAA:4170
xref: EHDAA:6216
xref: EMAPA:17416
xref: VHOG:0001075
is_a: UBERON:0003859  ! forelimb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003319
name: mesenchyme of carpal region
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme of the carpal region that conributes to the carpal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "carpal region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "carpus mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wrist mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000220
xref: EHDAA:5200
xref: EMAPA:18485
is_a: UBERON:0003859  ! forelimb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003320
name: mesenchyme of hip
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a hip [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "regio coxae mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000786
xref: EHDAA:5157
xref: EHDAA:6182
xref: EMAPA:17492
xref: VHOG:0001029
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003321
name: mesenchyme of knee
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "knee mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000898
xref: EHDAA:5163
xref: EHDAA:6188
xref: EMAPA:17495
xref: VHOG:0001070
is_a: UBERON:0003860  ! hindlimb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003322
name: mesenchyme of shoulder
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "shoulder mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001837
xref: EHDAA:4184
xref: EHDAA:6232
xref: EMAPA:17423
xref: VHOG:0001035
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003323
name: mesenchyme of upper jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a upper jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palatoquadrate arch mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper jaw mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002124
xref: EHDAA:8031
xref: EMAPA:17929
xref: VHOG:0001099
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0009891  ! facial mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003324
name: mesenchyme of lower jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001024
xref: EHDAA:8003
xref: EMAPA:17916
xref: VHOG:0001069
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003327
name: mesenchyme of forearm
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower arm mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower segment of arm mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000555
xref: EHDAA:4176
xref: EHDAA:6222
xref: EMAPA:17419
xref: VHOG:0000504
is_a: UBERON:0003859  ! forelimb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003328
name: mesenchyme of footplate
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005260
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a footplate." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot plate mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000549
xref: EHDAA:5149
xref: EHDAA:6172
xref: EMAPA:17252
xref: VHOG_RETIRED:0001055
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003412 ! pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003329
name: submucosa of anal canal
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of an anal canal [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal region submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical anal canal submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:27217
xref: EMAPA:27227
xref: EMAPA:27535
xref: FMA:85399
xref: SCTID:7892006
is_a: UBERON:0001208  ! submucosa of large intestine
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003330
name: submucosa of rectum
namespace: uberon
def: "The submucous layer of the wall of the rectum." [BTO:0002114]
synonym: "rectal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:15034]
synonym: "rectum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tela submucosa recti" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002114]
xref: BTO:0002114
xref: EMAPA:27083
xref: EMAPA:27323
xref: FMA:15034
xref: SCTID:71683001
is_a: UBERON:0001208  ! submucosa of large intestine
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003331
name: submucosa of colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colonic submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14985]
synonym: "large bowel submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:27379
xref: FMA:14985
xref: SCTID:61647009
is_a: UBERON:0001208  ! submucosa of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003332
name: submucosa of duodenum
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "doudenal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14943]
synonym: "duodenal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14943]
synonym: "duodenum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:27027
xref: EMAPA:27097
xref: EMAPA:27239
xref: FMA:14943
xref: SCTID:76519004
is_a: UBERON:0001205  ! submucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003333
name: submucosa of jejunum
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "jejunal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14950]
synonym: "jejunum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:27111
xref: EMAPA:27351
xref: FMA:14950
xref: SCTID:70192009
is_a: UBERON:0001205  ! submucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003334
name: serosa of rectum
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rectal serosa" EXACT [FMA:15039]
synonym: "rectum serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rectum serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of rectum" EXACT [FMA:15039]
xref: EMAPA:27087
xref: EMAPA:27331
xref: FMA:15039
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001209  ! serosa of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003335
name: serosa of colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colon serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colon serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colonic serosa" EXACT [FMA:14990]
synonym: "large bowel serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large bowel serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of colon" EXACT [FMA:14990]
xref: EMAPA:27387
xref: FMA:14990
xref: SCTID:90132000
is_a: UBERON:0001209  ! serosa of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003336
name: serosa of duodenum
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Histology notes: 1st part serosa, 2nd - 4th adventitia
synonym: "doudenal serosa" EXACT [FMA:14948]
synonym: "duodenal serosa" EXACT [FMA:14948]
synonym: "duodenum serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "duodenum serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of duodenum" EXACT [FMA:14948]
xref: EMAPA:27247
xref: FMA:14948
xref: SCTID:1236009
is_a: UBERON:0001206  ! serosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003337
name: serosa of jejunum
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "jejunal serosa" EXACT [FMA:14955]
synonym: "jejunum serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "jejunum serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of jejunum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of jejunum" EXACT [FMA:14955]
xref: EMAPA:27115
xref: EMAPA:27359
xref: FMA:14955
is_a: UBERON:0001206  ! serosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003338
name: ganglion of peripheral nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "A ganglion that is part of a peripheral nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: We follow MA in including separate classes for ganglion and peripheral nervous system, even though for vertebrates gangia are always in the PNS
synonym: "peripheral nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001123
xref: EMAPA:18371
xref: MA:0001161
is_a: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003339
name: ganglion of central nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "A ganglion that is part of a central nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: this has no subclasses in FMA. In EHDAA2 it has only the cranial ganglia
synonym: "central nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ganglion of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neuraxis ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000227
xref: EMAPA:16658
xref: FMA:83843
is_a: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003340
name: obsolete urethra of urogenital sinus
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003341
name: obsolete urethra of urinary system
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003342
name: mucosa of anal canal
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of an anal canal [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:74654]
synonym: "anal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:74654]
synonym: "anal region mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal region mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal region mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal region organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical anal canal mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical anal canal mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical anal canal mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical anal canal organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:27531
xref: FMA:74654
xref: SCTID:362170004
xref: UMLS:C0227414
xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0001207  ! mucosa of large intestine
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003343
name: mucosa of oral region
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a oral opening [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of oral region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral opening mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral opening mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral opening mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral opening organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral part of face mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral part of face mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral part of face mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral part of face organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral region mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral region mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral region mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral region organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of oral region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "subdivision of mouth mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "subdivision of mouth mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "subdivision of mouth mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "subdivision of mouth organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:26937
xref: SCTID:362083000
is_a: UBERON:0003729  ! mouth mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003346
name: mucosa of rectum
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rectal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15033]
synonym: "rectal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:15033]
synonym: "rectum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rectum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rectum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rectum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:27081
xref: EMAPA:27319
xref: FMA:15033
xref: SCTID:362167003
is_a: UBERON:0001207  ! mucosa of large intestine
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003350
name: epithelium of mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of epithelial cells on the surface of the mucosa." [BTO:0003752]
synonym: "lamina epithelialis mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0003752]
synonym: "lamina epithelialis mucosae" RELATED [BTO:0003752]
xref: BTO:0003752
xref: EMAPA:18668
xref: EMAPA:18835
xref: EMAPA:18857
xref: EMAPA:18862
xref: EMAPA:18868
xref: EMAPA:18893
xref: EMAPA:18899
xref: EMAPA:18912
xref: EMAPA:18917
xref: EMAPA:18927
xref: EMAPA:18934
xref: EMAPA:18941
xref: EMAPA:19078
xref: EMAPA:26961
xref: EMAPA:26985
xref: EMAPA:27019
xref: EMAPA:27033
xref: EMAPA:27047
xref: EMAPA:27061
xref: EMAPA:27075
xref: EMAPA:27089
xref: EMAPA:27103
xref: EMAPA:27131
xref: EMAPA:27145
xref: EMAPA:27159
xref: EMAPA:27175
xref: EMAPA:27191
xref: EMAPA:27207
xref: EMAPA:27219
xref: EMAPA:27229
xref: EMAPA:27307
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003351
name: pharyngeal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epithelial tissue of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharynx epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:16551
xref: EMAPA:16708
xref: MA:0002725
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001460
xref: TAO:0001174
xref: XAO:0003202
xref: ZFA:0001174
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 ! early pharyngeal endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
property_value: external_definition "Epithelium lining the pharynx consisting largely of simple columnar epithelium with a short segment (1mm) of stratified squamous epithelium on the ventral side. Chen et al, 2007.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003352
name: epithelium of midgut
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a midgut." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of midgut" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midgut epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midgut epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0005053, OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0005053
xref: EHDAA2:0001195
xref: EMAPA:16569
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003353
name: epithelium of hindgut
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of hindgut" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindgut epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindgut epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000782
xref: EMAPA:16717
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003354
name: epithelium of rectum
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rectal epithelium" EXACT [FMA:17510]
synonym: "rectum epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rectum epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001594
xref: EMAPA:17898
xref: FMA:17510
xref: VHOG:0001037
xref: WBbt:0005800
is_a: UBERON:0001278  ! epithelium of large intestine
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003355
name: epithelium of incisor
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a incisor tooth [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor tooth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor tooth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17919
xref: EMAPA:17940
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003356
name: epithelium of nasal septum
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a nasal septum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of nasal septum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal septum epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal septum epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18442
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003357
name: epithelium of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: examples: tongue squamous epithelium, keratined, non-keratinized and parakeratinized epithelium, as well as gustatory epithelium. Note that not all these subtypes are named in individual anatomy ontologies.
synonym: "epithelial tissue of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lingual epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000992]
synonym: "tongue epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tongue epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000992
xref: EHDAA2:0004598
xref: EMAPA:17881
xref: EMAPA:18872
xref: MA:0001592
xref: UMLS:C1710436
xref: ncithesaurus:Tongue_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003358
name: epithelium of soft palate
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a soft palate [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of soft palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "soft palate epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "soft palate epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18950
is_a: UBERON:0003235  ! epithelium of upper jaw
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003359
name: epithelium of submandibular gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a submandibular gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of submandibular gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submandibular gland duct epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0004557]
synonym: "submandibular gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submandibular gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004557
xref: EMAPA:18813
xref: VHOG:0000989
is_a: UBERON:0003236  ! epithelium of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003360
name: epithelium of parotid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a parotid gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of parotid gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of parotid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of parotid gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parotid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parotid epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parotid gland duct epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0004555]
synonym: "parotid gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parotid gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004555
xref: EMAPA:18538
xref: VHOG:0001434
is_a: UBERON:0003236  ! epithelium of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003361
name: epithelium of sublingual gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a sublingual gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Rivinus'gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Rivinus'gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus sublingualis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus sublingualis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of Rivinus'gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of ductus sublingualis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of sublingual gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of Rivinus'gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of ductus sublingualis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sublingual gland duct epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0004559]
synonym: "sublingual gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sublingual gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004559
xref: EMAPA:18810
xref: VHOG:0001098
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003362
name: epithelium of endolymphatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a endolymphatic duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endolymphatic duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endolymphatic duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of endolymphatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18582
is_a: UBERON:0006937  ! inner ear epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003363
name: epithelium of ductus reuniens
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a ductus reuniens [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus reuniens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus reuniens epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of ductus reuniens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17289
is_a: UBERON:0006932  ! vestibular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001861 ! ductus reuniens
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001861 ! ductus reuniens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003364
name: epithelium of right lung
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lung epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lung epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17663
is_a: UBERON:0000115  ! lung epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003365
name: epithelium of left lung
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lung epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lung epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17655
is_a: UBERON:0000115  ! lung epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003367
name: epithelium of vomeronasal organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a vomeronasal organ [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Jacobson's organ epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Jacobson's organ epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of Jacobson's organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of vomeronasal organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of Jacobson's organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vomeronasal epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004102]
synonym: "vomeronasal organ epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vomeronasal organ epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vomeronasal organ sensory epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001328]
xref: EHDAA2:0004102
xref: EMAPA:18444
xref: MA:0001328
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001997 ! olfactory epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002255 ! vomeronasal organ
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002255 ! vomeronasal organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003368
name: epithelium of hard palate
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a hard palate [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of hard palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hard palate epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hard palate epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18953
is_a: UBERON:0003235  ! epithelium of upper jaw
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003369
name: fossa ovalis of heart
namespace: uberon
def: "Found in the right atrium of the heart, the fossa ovalis is an embryonic remnant of the foramen ovale, which normally closes shortly after birth. In a heart specimen of a neonate, the fossa ovalis is translucent, but later in life the membrane thickens." [Wikipedia:Fossa_ovalis_(heart)]
synonym: "fossa ovalis" EXACT [FMA:9246]
synonym: "oval fossa" EXACT [FMA:9246]
xref: FMA:9246
xref: SCTID:277719009
is_a: UBERON:0006984  ! anatomical surface
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004754 ! foramen ovale of heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003371
name: pelvic appendage bud ectoderm
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005232
def: "An unilaminar epithelium that surrounds a pelvic appendage bud." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "hindlimb ectoderm" EXACT SENSU [VHOG:0001048]
synonym: "leg ectoderm" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower limb bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [EHDAA2:0001034]
synonym: "pelvic fin bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU []
xref: EHDAA2:0001034
xref: EMAPA:17254
xref: VHOG:0001048
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003372
name: pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005231
alt_id: UBERON:0005663
def: "An unilaminar epithelium that surrounds a pectoral appendage bud." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm ectoderm" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "forelimb ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [VHOG:0001047]
synonym: "pectoral fin bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "upper limb bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [EHDAA2:0002134]
synonym: "wing ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782]
xref: EHDAA2:0002134
xref: EMAPA:17243
xref: VHOG:0001047
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003373
name: ectoderm of footplate
namespace: uberon
def: "An ectoderm that is part of a footplate." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17250
is_a: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003378
name: cardiac muscle of auricular region
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a atrium auricular region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "auricular region heart muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of auricle" EXACT [FMA:84279]
xref: FMA:84279
is_a: UBERON:0004490  ! cardiac muscle tissue of atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003379
name: cardiac muscle of right atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right atrium [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of right atrium" EXACT []
synonym: "right atrium heart muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004155]
synonym: "right atrium myocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0001227]
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004155
xref: EMAPA:17326
xref: FMA:7282
xref: SCTID:362018002
xref: VHOG:0001227
is_a: UBERON:0004490  ! cardiac muscle tissue of atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003380
name: cardiac muscle of left atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left atrium [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac left atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac left atrium cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left atrium heart muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004154]
synonym: "left atrium myocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0001225]
synonym: "myocardium of left atrium" EXACT []
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004154
xref: EMAPA:17320
xref: FMA:7285
xref: SCTID:189936008
xref: VHOG:0001225
is_a: UBERON:0004490  ! cardiac muscle tissue of atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003381
name: cardiac muscle of right ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83452]
synonym: "right ventricle cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0001236]
synonym: "right ventricular cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [GO:0003221]
xref: EMAPA:17342
xref: FMA:83452
xref: VHOG:0001236
is_a: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003382
name: cardiac muscle of left ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83453]
synonym: "left ventricle cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0001234]
synonym: "left ventricular cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [GO:0003220]
xref: EMAPA:17339
xref: FMA:83453
xref: VHOG:0001234
is_a: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003383
name: cardiac muscle of interventricular septum
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a interventricular septum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:84084]
synonym: "interventricular septum cardiac muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0000999]
synonym: "interventricular septum heart muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004158]
synonym: "interventricular septum myocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0000999]
xref: EHDAA2:0004158
xref: EMAPA:17335
xref: FMA:84084
xref: VHOG:0000999
is_a: UBERON:0004492  ! cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac septum
is_a: UBERON:0004667  ! interventricular septum muscular part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003384
name: skeletal muscle of pharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharynx skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharynx skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18963
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004830  ! respiratory system skeletal muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003385
name: skeletal muscle of mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a mesenchyme [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19066
xref: EMAPA:19071
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003386
name: smooth muscle of eye
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a eye [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ocular smooth muscle" EXACT [MA:0001268]
xref: EMAPA:18807
xref: MA:0001268
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003387
name: smooth muscle of trachea
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004244
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a trachea [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea smooth muscle" EXACT [MA:0001863]
synonym: "tracheal smooth muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001391]
xref: BTO:0001391
xref: EMAPA:19192
xref: FMA:262010
xref: MA:0001863
xref: UMLS:C1710458
xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004233  ! lower respiratory tract smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003388
name: mesothelium of pericardial cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesothelium that is part of a pericardial cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of pericardial sac meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of pericardial sac mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meso-epithelium of cavity of pericardial sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meso-epithelium of pericardial cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesothelium of cavity of pericardial sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pericardial cavity meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pericardial cavity mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18449
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001436
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001074 ! pericardial cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001074 ! pericardial cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003389
name: mesothelium of diaphragm
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesothelium that is part of a diaphragm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diaphragm meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diaphragm mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meso-epithelium of diaphragm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meso-epithelium of thoracic diaphragm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesothelium of thoracic diaphragm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thoracic diaphragm meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thoracic diaphragm mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18429
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003390
name: mesothelium of pleural cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesothelium that is part of a pleural cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meso-epithelium of pleural cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pleural cavity meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pleural cavity mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0003155
xref: EHDAA2:0001476
xref: EMAPA:18463
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003393
name: mesentery of urinary system
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a urinary system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "excretory system mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesentery of excretory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesentery of renal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesentery of systema urinaria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal system mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "systema urinaria mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary system mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17367
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003394
name: mesentery of hindgut
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindgut mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:16718
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003395
name: mesentery of rectum
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rectum mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18664
xref: EMAPA:18929
is_a: UBERON:0003334  ! serosa of rectum
is_a: UBERON:0004854  ! gastrointestinal system mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003396
name: mesentery of colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colon mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large bowel mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestinal mesentery" EXACT [FMA:14645]
synonym: "mesentery of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesentery of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:14645]
xref: EMAPA:18942
xref: FMA:14645
xref: SCTID:245457004
is_a: UBERON:0003335  ! serosa of colon
is_a: UBERON:0004854  ! gastrointestinal system mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0007826  ! peritoneal mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003397
name: mesentery of duodenum
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "duodenum mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19081
is_a: UBERON:0001170  ! mesentery of small intestine
is_a: UBERON:0003336  ! serosa of duodenum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003398
name: mesentery of jejunum
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "jejunal mesentery" EXACT []
synonym: "jejunum mesentery" EXACT []
synonym: "mesojejunum" EXACT [http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/misc_topics/peritoneum.html]
xref: EMAPA:18670
xref: EMAPA:18937
xref: FMA:14651
xref: SCTID:261286003
is_a: UBERON:0001170  ! mesentery of small intestine
is_a: UBERON:0003337  ! serosa of jejunum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003403
name: skin of forearm
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forearm skin" EXACT [FMA:38265]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower segment of arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18056
xref: FMA:38265
xref: MA:0000602
xref: SCTID:181537008
is_a: UBERON:0002427  ! arm skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003404
name: lobar bronchus of right lung
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobar bronchus that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lung lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lung secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17664
xref: SCTID:245511004
is_a: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006518 ! right lung lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003405
name: lobar bronchus of left lung
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobar bronchus that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lung lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lung secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17388
xref: EMAPA:17656
xref: SCTID:245510003
is_a: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008951 ! left lung lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003406
name: cartilage of respiratory system
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18694
xref: MA:0001818
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003570  ! respiratory system connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003407
name: cartilage of nasal septum
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage that is part of a nasal septum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilago septal nasi" EXACT [FMA:59503]
synonym: "nasal septum cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "septal nasal cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59503]
xref: EMAPA:25091
xref: FMA:59503
is_a: UBERON:0001823  ! nasal cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003408
name: gland of gut
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a digestive tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive tract gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of digestive tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of lower gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gut gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower gastrointestinal tract gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18815
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003409
name: gland of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tongue gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:25097
is_a: UBERON:0010047  ! oral gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003410
name: oropharyngeal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a oropharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "gland of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of oropharynx" EXACT [EMAPA:25095]
synonym: "oral part of pharynx gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oropharynx gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:25095
is_a: UBERON:0003295  ! pharyngeal gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003412
name: pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pelvic appendage bud." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "leg mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower limb bud mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001035]
synonym: "mesoderm pelvic fin bud" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0001386]
synonym: "pelvic fin bud mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU []
xref: EHDAA2:0001035
xref: EMAPA:17255
xref: TAO:0001386
xref: ZFA:0001386
is_a: UBERON:0010329  ! limb/fin bud mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005730 ! pelvic appendage field
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud
property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm part of pelvic fin bud.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003413
name: pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005703
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pectoral appendage bud." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm mesenchyme" NARROW [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesoderm pectoral fin bud" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0000789]
synonym: "pectoral fin bud mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "upper limb bud mesenchyme" NARROW [EHDAA2:0002135]
synonym: "wing mesenchyme" NARROW [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002135
xref: EHDAA:1703
xref: EMAPA:17244
xref: TAO:0000789
xref: ZFA:0000789
is_a: UBERON:0010329  ! limb/fin bud mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005729 ! pectoral appendage field
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud
property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm that is part of the pectoral fin bud.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003414
name: mesenchyme of mandible
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a mandible [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of lower jaw mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of ventral mandibular arch mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of lower jaw mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of ventral mandibular arch mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw bone mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw bone organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mandible mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mandibulla mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of bone of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of bone of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of bone organ of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of bone organ of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of lower jaw bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of lower jaw bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of mandibulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of ventral mandibular arch bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of ventral mandibular arch bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch bone mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch bone organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17912
is_a: UBERON:0003324  ! mesenchyme of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0009891  ! facial mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003415
name: mesenchyme of nasal septum
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a nasal septum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal septum mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18443
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0009891  ! facial mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003416
name: mesenchyme of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - develops_from
synonym: "tongue mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004614]
xref: EHDAA2:0004614
xref: EMAPA:17882
xref: EMAPA:18878
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003417
name: mesenchyme of soft palate
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a soft palate [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "soft palate mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18951
is_a: UBERON:0003323  ! mesenchyme of upper jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003418
name: mesenchyme of submandibular gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a submandibular gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submandibular gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18814
xref: VHOG:0001110
is_a: UBERON:0003324  ! mesenchyme of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003419
name: mesenchyme of parotid
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a parotid gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of parotid gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parotid gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parotid mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18539
xref: VHOG:0001435
is_a: UBERON:0003324  ! mesenchyme of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0009891  ! facial mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003420
name: mesenchyme of sublingual gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a sublingual gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Rivinus'gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus sublingualis mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of Rivinus'gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of ductus sublingualis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sublingual gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18811
xref: VHOG:0001106
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003421
name: mesenchyme of vomeronasal organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a vomeronasal organ [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Jacobson's organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of Jacobson's organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vomeronasal mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004103]
synonym: "vomeronasal organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004103
xref: EMAPA:18445
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0009891  ! facial mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009204 ! medial nasal process mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002255 ! vomeronasal organ
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002255 ! vomeronasal organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003424
name: mesenchyme of hard palate
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a hard palate [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hard palate mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18954
is_a: UBERON:0003323  ! mesenchyme of upper jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003425
name: renal lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymph node that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney lymph node" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph node of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002882
xref: UMLS:C2699031
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0002507  ! abdominal lymph node
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003426
name: dermis adipose tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "An adipose tissue that is part of a dermis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adipose tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dermis fat tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dermis fatty tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fat tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fatty tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000798
is_a: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003585  ! dermis connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003427
name: abdominal fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "the encapsulated adipose tissue in the abdomen." [MP:0000010]
synonym: "abdomen fat pad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fat pad of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000472
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003428
name: gonadal fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the ovaries or testes." [MP:0005335]
comment: Editor notes: consider change relationship from part_of. AO notes: we place the amphibian structures here as their definitions state a gonadal association.
synonym: "fat pad of gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fat pad of gonads" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad fat pad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonad-associated fat pad" EXACT []
synonym: "gonadal fat pad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000157
xref: EFO:0000811
xref: MA:0002547
xref: XAO:0003050
is_a: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure associated with the gonads which vary in form among amphibians but are primarily composed of adipose tissue and are thought to be a source of nutrients for the gonads.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003429
name: abdomen nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000521
is_a: UBERON:0003825  ! nerve of abdominal segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003430
name: neck nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck (volume) nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000588
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003431
name: leg nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000673
is_a: UBERON:0003442  ! hindlimb nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003432
name: chest nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior thoracic region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "front of thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000551
is_a: UBERON:0003824  ! nerve of thoracic segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003433
name: arm nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000595
is_a: UBERON:0003441  ! forelimb nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003434
name: wrist nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "carpal region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000637
is_a: UBERON:0003448  ! manus nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003435
name: pedal digit nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of foot nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus pedis nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit nerve" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000649, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit nerve" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "nerve of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000649
xref: SCTID:300056004
is_a: UBERON:0003445  ! pes nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003436
name: shoulder nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000634
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003437
name: eyelid nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blepharon nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001255
is_a: UBERON:0001647  ! facial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003438
name: iris nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001291
is_a: UBERON:0001647  ! facial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003439
name: nerve of trunk region
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - check EMAPA
synonym: "nerve of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk nerve" EXACT [MA:0000515]
xref: EMAPA:16986
xref: MA:0000515
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003440
name: limb nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000693
xref: SCTID:359923002
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003441
name: forelimb nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anteriormost limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wing nerve" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000616
is_a: UBERON:0003440  ! limb nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003442
name: hindlimb nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000664
is_a: UBERON:0003440  ! limb nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003443
name: thoracic cavity nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of chest nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000556
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003444
name: pelvis nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000542
is_a: UBERON:0003825  ! nerve of abdominal segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003445
name: pes nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot nerve" EXACT [MA:0000653]
synonym: "hind limb autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000653
is_a: UBERON:0003442  ! hindlimb nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003446
name: ankle nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of an ankle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: FMA placement dubious
synonym: "nerve of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neural network of ankle" RELATED [FMA:86901]
synonym: "tarsal region nerve" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:86901
xref: MA:0000640
is_a: UBERON:0003445  ! pes nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003447
name: digit nerve of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of hand nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus manus nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit nerve" EXACT [MA:0000625]
synonym: "nerve of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000625
xref: SCTID:181015006
is_a: UBERON:0003448  ! manus nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003448
name: manus nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand nerve" EXACT [MA:0000629]
synonym: "nerve of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000629
is_a: UBERON:0003441  ! forelimb nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003449
name: tail intervertebral disc
namespace: uberon
def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intervertebral disc of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intervertebral disc of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intervertebral disk of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intervertebral disk of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "post-vent region intervertebral disc" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "post-vent region intervertebral disk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "post-vent region spinal disc" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal disc of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal disc of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tail intervertebral disk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tail spinal disc" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19592
xref: MA:0000698
is_a: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003450
name: upper jaw incisor
namespace: uberon
def: "An incisor tooth that is part of a upper jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor of upper jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor tooth of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor tooth of upper jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "maxillary secondary incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55712]
synonym: "palatoquadrate arch incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palatoquadrate arch incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "premaxillary tooth" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "upper incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "upper jaw incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper permanent incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55712]
synonym: "upper primary incisor tooth" NARROW [FMA:84214]
synonym: "upper secondary incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55712]
xref: EHDAA2:0002121
xref: EMAPA:17939
xref: FMA:55712
xref: MA:0001601
xref: SCTID:421578001
xref: UMLS:C1710579
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Jaw_Incisor
is_a: UBERON:0001098  ! incisor tooth
is_a: UBERON:0003267  ! tooth of upper jaw
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002244 ! premaxilla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001098  ! incisor tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003451
name: lower jaw incisor
namespace: uberon
def: "An incisor tooth that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "incisor tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lower jaw incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower permanent incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55713]
synonym: "lower primary incisor tooth" NARROW [FMA:84215]
synonym: "lower secondary incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55713]
synonym: "mandibular incisor" EXACT [BTO:0001942]
synonym: "mandibular secondary incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55713]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001942
xref: EHDAA2:0001021
xref: EMAPA:17918
xref: FMA:55713
xref: MA:0001600
xref: SCTID:420793009
xref: UMLS:C1708755
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Jaw_Incisor
is_a: UBERON:0001098  ! incisor tooth
is_a: UBERON:0003268  ! tooth of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001098  ! incisor tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003452
name: trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a trabecula carnea [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:84428
xref: MA:0002833
is_a: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003453
name: large intestine Peyer's patch
namespace: uberon
def: "A Peyer's patch that is part of a large intestine." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Edtor notes: requires expert attention
synonym: "Peyer's patch of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestine Peyer's patch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "solitary lymphatic follicle of large intestine" RELATED [FMA:15658]
synonym: "solitary lymphoid follicle of subdivision of large intestine" RELATED [FMA:15658]
xref: FMA:15658
xref: MA:0001550
is_a: UBERON:0001211  ! Peyer's patch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0001211  ! Peyer's patch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003454
name: small intestine Peyer's patch
namespace: uberon
def: "nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine." []
comment: Editor's note: add subtypes for jejunum, ileum
synonym: "Peyer's patch" BROAD [FMA:15054]
synonym: "Peyer's patch of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Peyer's patch of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "aggregated lymphoid follicle of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:15054]
synonym: "small bowel Peyer's patch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine Peyer's patch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15054
xref: MA:0001557
xref: SCTID:38986009
is_a: UBERON:0001211  ! Peyer's patch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0001211  ! Peyer's patch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003456
name: respiratory system lymphatic vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphatic vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001824
is_a: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003457
name: head bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult head bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult head bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000576
xref: SCTID:118646007
is_a: UBERON:0007914  ! head or neck bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003458
name: neck bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck (volume) bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck (volume) bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000584
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvnpJSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
is_a: UBERON:0007914  ! head or neck bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003459
name: chest bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior thoracic region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior thoracic region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "front of thorax bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "front of thorax bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000547
is_a: UBERON:0003827  ! thoracic segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0005175  ! chest organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003460
name: arm bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of the region of the forelimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of upper extremity" EXACT [GAID:178]
synonym: "bone organ of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000592
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKTXoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
is_a: UBERON:0008962  ! forelimb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003461
name: shoulder bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: this is a forelimb bone in MA, but this would lead to part-disjointness violations. Subtypes are clavicle, scapula, humerus
synonym: "bone of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "shoulder bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000631
is_a: UBERON:0007829  ! pectoral girdle bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003462
name: facial bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a facial skeleton [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editors note: test whether 'facial bone' is an exact synonym
synonym: "bone of facial skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of viscerocranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "facial bone" EXACT [EMAPA:19019]
synonym: "facial skeleton bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "viscerocranium bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19019
xref: MA:0001482
xref: SCTID:181799005
xref: UMLS:C0015455
xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003457  ! head bone
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003463
name: trunk bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000512
xref: SCTID:427358002
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
is_a: UBERON:0005177  ! trunk organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003464
name: hindlimb bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb region. Examples: any pes phalanx, femur. Counter-examples: ischium, pubis (they are part of the pelvic girdle)" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Note that the MA class is actually bone of pelvic complex; in contrast the NCIT class excludes ilium etc
synonym: "bone of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003842
xref: GAID:198
xref: SCTID:361370006
xref: UMLS:C0448188
xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_of_the_Lower_Extremity
is_a: UBERON:0002428  ! limb bone
is_a: UBERON:0010742  ! bone of pelvic complex
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010885 ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003465
name: obsolete chondrocranium bone
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004762
def: "A bone that is part of a chondrocranium [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:accepted]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
comment: Made obsolete because it conflated neuro and chondro-cranium; also ZFA:0001544 equivalent was made obsolete.
xref: ZFA:0001544

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003466
name: forelimb zeugopod bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower arm bone" EXACT [MA:0000598]
synonym: "lower segment of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower segment of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wing zeugopod bone" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000598
is_a: UBERON:0003460  ! arm bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003467
name: sesamoid bone of gastrocnemius
namespace: uberon
def: "A small sesamoid bone situated behind a condyle of the femur." [MP:0009005, Wikipedia:Fabella, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=3470151&group_id=76834]
synonym: "fabella" RELATED [MA:0001378]
synonym: "gastrocnemius sesamoid bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "m. gastrocnemius sesamoid bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sesamoid bone of m. gastrocnemius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001378
xref: SCTID:302749009
xref: galen:Fabella
is_a: UBERON:0001479  ! sesamoid bone
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001388 ! gastrocnemius
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003468
name: ureteric segment of renal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The ureteral branches of renal artery are small branches which supply the ureter." [Wikipedia:Ureteral_branches_of_renal_artery]
synonym: "ureteric artery" BROAD [MA:0002074]
xref: FMA:70491
xref: MA:0002074
xref: SCTID:65376008
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001184 ! renal artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001184 ! renal artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003469
name: respiratory system artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An artery that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001804
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003643  ! respiratory system arterial blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003470
name: artery of upper lip
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior labial artery (superior labial branch of facial artery) is larger and more tortuous than the inferior labial artery. It follows a similar course along the edge of the upper lip, lying between the mucous membrane and the Orbicularis oris, and anastomoses with the artery of the opposite side. It supplies the upper lip, and gives off in its course two or three vessels which ascend to the nose; a septal branch ramifies on the nasal septum as far as the point of the nose, and an alar branch supplies the ala of the nose." [Wikipedia:Superior_labial_artery]
synonym: "arteria labialis superior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_labial_artery]
synonym: "ramus labialis superior arteriae facialis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_labial_artery]
synonym: "superior labial artery" EXACT [FMA:49570]
synonym: "superior labial branch of facial artery" EXACT [FMA:49570]
xref: FMA:49570
xref: MA:0001917
xref: SCTID:145137009
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001612 ! facial artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003471
name: artery of lower lip
namespace: uberon
def: "The Iinferior labial artery (inferior labial branch of facial artery) arises near the angle of the mouth; it passes upward and forward beneath the Triangularis and, penetrating the Orbicularis oris, runs in a tortuous course along the edge of the lower lip between this muscle and the mucous membrane. It supplies the labial glands, the mucous membrane, and the muscles of the lower lip; and anastomoses with the artery of the opposite side, and with the mental branch of the inferior alveolar artery." [Wikipedia:Inferior_labial_artery]
synonym: "arteria labialis inferior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_labial_artery]
synonym: "inferior labial artery" EXACT [FMA:49567]
synonym: "inferior labial branch of facial artery" EXACT [FMA:49567]
synonym: "ramus labialis inferior (arteria facialis)" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "ramus labialis inferior arteriae facialis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_labial_artery]
xref: FMA:49567
xref: MA:0001916
xref: SCTID:145036002
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001612 ! facial artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003472
name: cerebellar artery
namespace: uberon
def: "an artery that supplies blood to the cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0000228
xref: EHDAA:5290
xref: MA:0001933
xref: SCTID:278102002
xref: UMLS:C0226246
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CerebellumArteries.jpg/250px-CerebellumArteries.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003473
name: thoracic cavity artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An artery that is part of a thoracic cavity[cjm]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3317815&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: Note that in MA, aorta is classified here - but this is problematic because the abdominal aorta is not in the thoracic cavity
xref: MA:0001902
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003519  ! thoracic cavity blood vessel
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003474
name: meningeal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the arteries supplying the meninix[Automatically generated definition]." [Wikipedia:Meningeal_arteries]
xref: GAID:499
xref: MA:0002001
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.545
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002360 ! meninx
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0002360 ! meninx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003475
name: ureteric vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that is part of a ureter [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ureter vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002250
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003520  ! pelvis blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003476
name: respiratory system venous blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001809
xref: MA:0001810
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: drains UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003477
name: vein of upper lip
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior labial vein is the vein receiving blood from the upper lip." [Wikipedia:Superior_labial_vein]
synonym: "superior labial vein" EXACT [FMA:52538]
synonym: "upper lip vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vena labialis superior" EXACT LATIN []
xref: FMA:52538
xref: MA:0002255
xref: SCTID:422755007
is_a: UBERON:0013136  ! vein of lip
relationship: drains UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003478
name: vein of lower lip
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior labial vein is the vein receiving blood from the lower lip." [Wikipedia:Inferior_labial_vein]
synonym: "inferior labial vein" EXACT [FMA:52541]
synonym: "lower lip vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vena labialis inferior" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "venae labiales inferiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_labial_vein]
xref: FMA:52541
xref: MA:0002253
xref: SCTID:422955002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png
is_a: UBERON:0013136  ! vein of lip
relationship: drains UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003479
name: thoracic cavity vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of chest vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of thorax vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest cavity vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral cavity vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001903
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003519  ! thoracic cavity blood vessel
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003481
name: tail vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Tail_vein]
comment: Editors note: see also caudal vein
synonym: "caudal vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tail_vein]
synonym: "post-vent region vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0011105
xref: MA:0002233
xref: XAO:0000393
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003524  ! tail blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003482
name: vein of trabecular bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of vein that is part of a trabecular bone tissue [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spongy bone vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecular bone tissue vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecular bone vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of spongy bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of trabecular bone tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002254
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002483 ! trabecular bone tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002483 ! trabecular bone tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003483
name: thymus lymphoid tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of lymphoid tissue that is part of a thymus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic tissue of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic tissue of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphocytic tissue of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphocytic tissue of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphoid tissue of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphoid tissue of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymic lymphocytic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus gland lymphatic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus gland lymphocytic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus gland lymphoid tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus lymphatic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus lymphocytic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002673
xref: MESH:A06.407.850
xref: UMLS:C1515429
xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Lymphoid_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001744  ! lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001744  ! lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003489
name: respiratory system capillary endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium of capillary that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius blood capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius capillary vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood capillary endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood capillary endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary vessel endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary vessel endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of blood capillary of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of blood capillary of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of capillary of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of capillary of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of capillary vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of capillary vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system blood capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system capillary vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001808
is_a: UBERON:0001915  ! endothelium of capillary
is_a: UBERON:0004702  ! respiratory system blood vessel endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003526 ! respiratory system capillary
intersection_of: UBERON:0001915  ! endothelium of capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003490
name: respiratory system reticular lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "A reticular lamina that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius reticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular lamina of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular lamina of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001817
is_a: UBERON:0001967  ! reticular lamina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001967  ! reticular lamina
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003492
name: bronchus reticular lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "A reticular lamina that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi reticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk reticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular lamina of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular lamina of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular lamina of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001834
is_a: UBERON:0003490  ! respiratory system reticular lamina
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009652 ! bronchus basement membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0001967  ! reticular lamina
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003493
name: trachea reticular lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "A reticular lamina that is part of a trachea [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular lamina of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular lamina of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe reticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001856
is_a: UBERON:0003490  ! respiratory system reticular lamina
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009653 ! trachea basement membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0001967  ! reticular lamina
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003494
name: respiratory system venule
namespace: uberon
def: "A venule that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius venule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "venule of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "venule of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001813
is_a: UBERON:0001979  ! venule
is_a: UBERON:0003504  ! respiratory system blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001979  ! venule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003495
name: respiratory system arteriole
namespace: uberon
def: "An arteriole that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001803
is_a: UBERON:0001980  ! arteriole
is_a: UBERON:0003643  ! respiratory system arterial blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003469 ! respiratory system artery
intersection_of: UBERON:0001980  ! arteriole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003496
name: head blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult head blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000575
xref: SCTID:127865000
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011362 ! cranial blood vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003497
name: abdomen blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000518
is_a: UBERON:0003835  ! abdominal segment blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
property_value: seeAlso UBERON:0012254

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003498
name: heart blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a heart [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002483
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005985  ! coronary vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003499
name: brain blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002769
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003500
name: corneal blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a cornea [Automatically generated definition]." [UBERON:cjm, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3564332&group_id=36855&atid=440764]
comment: Editor notes: follow up on tracker item
synonym: "blood vessel of cornea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cornea blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001241
is_a: UBERON:0001772  ! corneal epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9775

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003501
name: retina blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a retina [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of inner layer of eyeball" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of retina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of tunica interna of eyeball" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inner layer of eyeball blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "retinal blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica interna of eyeball blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: GAID:509
xref: MA:0001317
xref: MESH:A07.231.611
xref: SCTID:280692003
xref: XAO:0004153
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004864 ! vasculature of retina
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003502
name: neck blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck (volume) blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000583
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003503
name: leg blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000669
is_a: UBERON:0003516  ! hindlimb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003504
name: respiratory system blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001799
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003505
name: trachea blood vessel
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003525
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a trachea." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001852
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000117  ! respiratory tube
is_a: UBERON:0001901  ! epithelium of trachea
is_a: UBERON:0003504  ! respiratory system blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003506
name: chest blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior thoracic region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "front of thorax blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000549
is_a: UBERON:0003834  ! thoracic segment blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003507
name: arm blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000591
is_a: UBERON:0003515  ! forelimb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003508
name: pedal digit blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of foot blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus pedis blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit blood vessel" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000645, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000645
is_a: UBERON:0003521  ! pes blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005226  ! pedal digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003509
name: arterial blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of the arterial system. Includes artery, arteriole and aorta." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: only in MA - supertype of artery, arteriole, aorta.
xref: MA:0000061
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003510
name: eyelid blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blepharon blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001250
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003511
name: iris blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "blood vessel of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001290
xref: ZFA:0005568
is_a: UBERON:0002506  ! iris epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004118 ! vasculature of iris
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003512
name: lung blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002457
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000115  ! lung epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000117  ! respiratory tube
is_a: UBERON:0003504  ! respiratory system blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003513
name: trunk blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000511
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003514
name: limb blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000687
is_a: UBERON:0007301  ! limb/fin blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003515
name: forelimb blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anteriormost limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior member blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wing blood vessel" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000611
is_a: UBERON:0003514  ! limb blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0007300  ! pectoral appendage blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003516
name: hindlimb blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000659
is_a: UBERON:0003514  ! limb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003517
name: kidney blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "blood vessel of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001682
xref: TAO:0005306
xref: ZFA:0005306
is_a: UBERON:0003497  ! abdomen blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004819  ! kidney epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006544 ! kidney vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003518
name: main bronchus blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001844
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000117  ! respiratory tube
is_a: UBERON:0002340  ! epithelium of main bronchus
is_a: UBERON:0003504  ! respiratory system blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003519
name: thoracic cavity blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of chest blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of thorax blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest cavity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral cavity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000554
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003520
name: pelvis blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000531
is_a: UBERON:0003835  ! abdominal segment blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003521
name: pes blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hind limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hindlimb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of inferior member blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of lower extremity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot blood vessel" EXACT [MA:0000642]
synonym: "hind limb autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000642
is_a: UBERON:0003516  ! hindlimb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003522
name: manual digit blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of hand blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus manus blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit blood vessel" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000621, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000621
is_a: UBERON:0003523  ! manus blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005227  ! manual digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003523
name: manus blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of arm blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of brachial region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand blood vessel" EXACT [MA:0000618]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000618
is_a: UBERON:0003515  ! forelimb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003524
name: tail blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "post-vent region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000695
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003526
name: respiratory system capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "A capillary that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood capillary of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood capillary of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001807
is_a: UBERON:0001982  ! capillary
is_a: UBERON:0003504  ! respiratory system blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001982  ! capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003527
name: kidney capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "A capillary that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood capillary of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary vessel of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:31443
xref: MA:0002586
xref: SCTID:275409003
is_a: UBERON:0001982  ! capillary
is_a: UBERON:0003517  ! kidney blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006544 ! kidney vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001982  ! capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003528
name: brain grey matter
namespace: uberon
def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brain gray matter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brain gray matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brain grey substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gray matter of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gray matter of neuraxis of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "grey matter of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "grey substance of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000810
xref: UMLS:C1707348
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Gray_Matter
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003529
name: respiratory system lymphatic vessel endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium of lymphatic vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lymph vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lymphatic vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of lymph vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of lymph vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of lymphatic vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of lymphatic vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system lymph vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001825
is_a: UBERON:0002042  ! endothelium of lymphatic vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003456 ! respiratory system lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0002042  ! endothelium of lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003530
name: pedal digit skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of foot skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus pedis skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit skin" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000650, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit skin" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "skin of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:37852
xref: MA:0000650
xref: SCTID:181530005
xref: UMLS:C1708089
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0001513  ! skin of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003531
name: forelimb skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check free limb vs pectoral complex
synonym: "anteriormost limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:23101]
synonym: "superior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper limb skin" EXACT [FMA:23101]
synonym: "wing skin" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23101
xref: MA:0000617
xref: SCTID:244130001
xref: UMLS:C0222212
xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Upper_Limb_and_Shoulder
is_a: UBERON:0001419  ! skin of limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003532
name: hindlimb skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check free limb vs pelvic complex
synonym: "hind limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower limb skin" EXACT [FMA:23102]
synonym: "skin of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of lower limb" EXACT [FMA:23102]
xref: FMA:23102
xref: MA:0000665
xref: SCTID:181528008
xref: UMLS:C0222268
xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Lower_Limb_and_Hip
is_a: UBERON:0001419  ! skin of limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003533
name: manual digit skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of hand skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus manus skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit skin" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit skin" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000626, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "skin of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:38304
xref: MA:0000626
xref: SCTID:361711001
xref: UMLS:C1708318
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_Skin
is_a: UBERON:0001519  ! skin of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003534
name: tail skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "post-vent region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000700
xref: SCTID:67214004
is_a: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003535
name: vagus X nerve trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve trunk that is part of a vagus nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6221]
synonym: "vagus neural trunk" EXACT [FMA:6221]
xref: FMA:6221
xref: MA:0001150
xref: SCTID:280308004
is_a: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003536
name: right lung alveolar duct
namespace: uberon
def: "An alveolar duct that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "alveolar duct of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19185
xref: EMAPA:19187
xref: EMAPA:19189
xref: EMAPA:19191
xref: MA:0001785
xref: UMLS:C1709958
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung_Alveolar_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0002173  ! alveolar duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006526 ! right lung alveolar system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002173  ! alveolar duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003537
name: left lung alveolar duct
namespace: uberon
def: "An alveolar duct that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Mice have 1 left lobe
synonym: "alveolar duct of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19183
xref: MA:0001776
xref: UMLS:C1708672
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung_Alveolar_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0002173  ! alveolar duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006525 ! left lung alveolar system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002173  ! alveolar duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003538
name: right lung bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lung lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001787
xref: SCTID:200089000
xref: UMLS:C0225670
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung_Bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0003364  ! epithelium of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003539
name: left lung bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lung lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19000
xref: MA:0001778
xref: SCTID:200484003
xref: UMLS:C0225674
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung_Bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0003365  ! epithelium of left lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003540
name: right lung terminal bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A terminal bronchiole that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lung bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal bronchiole of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001789
xref: UMLS:C1709961
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung_Terminal_Bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0002187  ! terminal bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0003538  ! right lung bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002187  ! terminal bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003541
name: left lung terminal bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A terminal bronchiole that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lung bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal bronchiole of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001780
xref: UMLS:C1708675
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung_Terminal_Bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0002187  ! terminal bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0003539  ! left lung bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002187  ! terminal bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003542
name: right lung respiratory bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A respiratory bronchiole that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory bronchiole of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lung bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001788
xref: UMLS:C1709960
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung_Respiratory_Bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0002188  ! respiratory bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0003538  ! right lung bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002188  ! respiratory bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003543
name: left lung respiratory bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A respiratory bronchiole that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lung bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory bronchiole of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001779
xref: UMLS:C1708674
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung_Respiratory_Bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0002188  ! respiratory bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0003539  ! left lung bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002188  ! respiratory bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003544
name: brain white matter
namespace: uberon
def: "the regions of the brain that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites." [MP:0008026]
synonym: "brain white matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brain white substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "white matter of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "white matter of neuraxis of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "white substance of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000820
xref: UMLS:C1706995
xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_White_Matter
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003545
name: obsolete brainstem white matter
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: obsoleted as definition is unclear. cerebellar peduncle originally classified here but in ABA brainstem and cerbellum are spatially disjoint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003546
name: distal convoluted tubule macula densa
namespace: uberon
def: "A macula densa that is part of a distal convoluted tubule [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001668
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002335  ! macula densa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002335 ! macula densa
intersection_of: UBERON:0002335  ! macula densa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003547
name: brain meninx
namespace: uberon
def: "A meninx that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "brain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninges of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninx of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EV:0100312
xref: MA:0000813
xref: SCTID:180949007
xref: VHOG:0000013
is_a: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the brain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003548
name: forebrain meninges
namespace: uberon
def: "A meninx that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forebrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninges of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "meninx of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17764
xref: EMAPA:17774
xref: MA:0000883
is_a: UBERON:0003547  ! brain meninx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003561
name: forebrain dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "A dura mater that is part of a forebrain." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forebrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17766
xref: MA:0000885
is_a: UBERON:0002092  ! brain dura mater
is_a: UBERON:0003548  ! forebrain meninges
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002363  ! dura mater
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003562
name: midbrain dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "A dura mater that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesencephalon dura mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000410]
synonym: "midbrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17793
xref: MA:0001060
xref: VHOG:0000410
is_a: UBERON:0002092  ! brain dura mater
is_a: UBERON:0003288  ! meninx of midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002363  ! dura mater
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
property_value: external_definition "Dura mater that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003563
name: telencephalon dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "A dura mater that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "telencephalon dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000981
is_a: UBERON:0003289  ! meninx of telencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0003561  ! forebrain dura mater
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002363  ! dura mater
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003564
name: diencephalon dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "A dura mater that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "between brain dura mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "between brain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interbrain dura mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interbrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mature diencephalon dura mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mature diencephalon dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17766
xref: MA:0000828
xref: VHOG:0000258
is_a: UBERON:0003290  ! meninx of diencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0003561  ! forebrain dura mater
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002363  ! dura mater
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Dura mater that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003565
name: hindbrain dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "A dura mater that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindbrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhombencephalon dura mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000409]
xref: EMAPA:17785
xref: MA:0000989
xref: VHOG:0000409
is_a: UBERON:0002092  ! brain dura mater
is_a: UBERON:0003291  ! meninx of hindbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002363  ! dura mater
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: external_definition "Dura mater that is part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003566
name: head connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult head connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult head portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult head textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000577
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003567
name: abdomen connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdomen portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdomen textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000519
is_a: UBERON:0003838  ! abdominal segment connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003568
name: neck connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck (volume) connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck (volume) portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck (volume) textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000585
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003569
name: leg connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "leg portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "leg textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000671
is_a: UBERON:0003589  ! hindlimb connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003570
name: respiratory system connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001814
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003571
name: trachea connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A connective tissue that is part of a trachea." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trachea textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001853
is_a: UBERON:0003580  ! lower respiratory tract connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003572
name: chest connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior thoracic region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior thoracic region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior thoracic region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "front of thorax connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "front of thorax portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "front of thorax textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000550
is_a: UBERON:0003837  ! thoracic segment connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003573
name: arm connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000593
is_a: UBERON:0003588  ! forelimb connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003574
name: elbow connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a elbow [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cubital region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cubital region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cubital region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elbow portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elbow textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000609
is_a: UBERON:0003573  ! arm connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003575
name: wrist connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "carpal region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "carpal region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "carpal region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wrist portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wrist textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000636
is_a: UBERON:0003598  ! manus connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003576
name: hip connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hip [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "regio coxae connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "regio coxae portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "regio coxae textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000656
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003577
name: knee connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "knee portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "knee textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000667
is_a: UBERON:0003569  ! leg connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003578
name: pedal digit connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of foot connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of foot portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of foot textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus pedis connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus pedis portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus pedis textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit connective tissue" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000647, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "foot digit portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb digit connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000647
is_a: UBERON:0003595  ! pes connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003579
name: shoulder connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "shoulder portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "shoulder textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000632
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003580
name: lower respiratory tract connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower respiratory tract portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower respiratory tract textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002409
is_a: UBERON:0003570  ! respiratory system connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003581
name: eyelid connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blepharon connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blepharon portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blepharon textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eyelid portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eyelid textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001251
xref: UMLS:C1707989
xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid_Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003582
name: nasopharynx connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a nasopharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasopharynx portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasopharynx textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhinopharynx connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhinopharynx portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhinopharynx textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001864
is_a: UBERON:0003570  ! respiratory system connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003583
name: larynx connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a larynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "larynx portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "larynx textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001754
xref: UMLS:C1708651
xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003570  ! respiratory system connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003585
name: dermis connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a dermis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dermis portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dermis textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000799
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003586
name: trunk connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000513
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003587
name: limb connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000689
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003588
name: forelimb connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anteriormost limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anteriormost limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anteriormost limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wing connective tissue" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000613
is_a: UBERON:0003587  ! limb connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003589
name: hindlimb connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000661
is_a: UBERON:0003587  ! limb connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003590
name: main bronchus connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001845
is_a: UBERON:0003592  ! bronchus connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003591
name: lobar bronchus connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lobar bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001841
is_a: UBERON:0000114  ! lung connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003592  ! bronchus connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003592
name: bronchus connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001831
xref: UMLS:C1707052
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003580  ! lower respiratory tract connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003593
name: thoracic cavity connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of chest connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of chest portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of chest textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of thorax connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of thorax portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of thorax textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest cavity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest cavity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest cavity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral cavity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral cavity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral cavity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thoracic cavity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thoracic cavity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000555
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003594
name: pelvis connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000533
is_a: UBERON:0003838  ! abdominal segment connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003595
name: pes connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot connective tissue" EXACT [MA:0000644]
synonym: "foot portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000644
is_a: UBERON:0003589  ! hindlimb connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003596
name: ankle connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of an ankle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ankle portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ankle textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tarsal region connective tissue" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "textus connectivus of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000639
is_a: UBERON:0003595  ! pes connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003597
name: manual digit connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of hand connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of hand portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of hand textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus manus connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus manus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus manus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit connective tissue" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000623, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000623
is_a: UBERON:0003598  ! manus connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003598
name: manus connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hand [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand connective tissue" EXACT [MA:0000620]
synonym: "hand portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000620
is_a: UBERON:0003588  ! forelimb connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003599
name: tail connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "post-vent region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "post-vent region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "post-vent region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tail portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tail textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000697
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003601
name: neck cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck (volume) cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000586
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003568  ! neck connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003603
name: lower respiratory tract cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001819
xref: UMLS:C1708759
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Respiratory_Tract_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0003406  ! cartilage of respiratory system
is_a: UBERON:0003580  ! lower respiratory tract connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003604
name: trachea cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The cartilages of the trachea (or tracheal rings) vary from sixteen to twenty in number: each forms an imperfect ring, which occupies the anterior two-thirds or so of the circumference of the trachea, being deficient behind, where the tube is completed by fibrous tissue and unstriped muscular fibers." [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings]
comment: Editor notes: check whether to classify as part of splanchoncranium
synonym: "cartilage of the trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings]
synonym: "cartilage of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilage of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilagines tracheales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings]
synonym: "cartilaginous ring of trachea" EXACT [EMAPA:18699]
synonym: "cartilaginous trachea cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilago trachealis" EXACT [FMA:7434]
synonym: "ring of the trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings]
synonym: "trachea ring" RELATED []
synonym: "tracheal cartilage" EXACT [FMA:7434]
synonym: "tracheal ring" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings]
synonym: "windpipe cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18699
xref: FMA:7434
xref: MA:0001857
xref: SCTID:278979006
xref: UMLS:C1710456
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Gray952.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0003571  ! trachea connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003603  ! lower respiratory tract cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007267 ! trachea pre-cartilage rings
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003605
name: eye skin gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A skin gland that is part of a camera-type eye [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "camera-type eye skin gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "camera-type eye skin glands" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "camera-type eye skin glands set" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin gland of camera-type eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin gland of vertebrate eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin glands of camera-type eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin glands of vertebrate eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin glands set of camera-type eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin glands set of vertebrate eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebrate eye skin gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebrate eye skin glands" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebrate eye skin glands set" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002451
is_a: UBERON:0002419  ! skin gland
is_a: UBERON:0004859  ! eye gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0002419  ! skin gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003606
name: limb long bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A long bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000298
is_a: UBERON:0002428  ! limb bone
is_a: UBERON:0002495  ! long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002495  ! long bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003607
name: forelimb long bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A long bone that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anteriormost limb long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior member long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wing long bone" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000299
is_a: UBERON:0003606  ! limb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0008962  ! forelimb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002495  ! long bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003608
name: hindlimb long bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A long bone that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000300
is_a: UBERON:0003464  ! hindlimb bone
is_a: UBERON:0003606  ! limb long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002495  ! long bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003609
name: aorta elastic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "the dense connective tissue which contains predominantly elastic fibers and is found in the tunica media of the aorta wall." [MP:0009862]
synonym: "adult aorta elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult aorta elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult aorta textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "aorta elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "aorta textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal aorta elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal aorta elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal aorta textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002859
is_a: UBERON:0003614  ! blood vessel elastic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
intersection_of: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003610
name: heart elastic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "the type of heart connective tissue found in the endocardial layer that consists mainly of elastic fibers." [MP:0009863]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002858
is_a: UBERON:0003613  ! cardiovascular system elastic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003611
name: respiratory system elastic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001820
is_a: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003570  ! respiratory system connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004777 ! respiratory system submucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003613
name: cardiovascular system elastic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a circulatory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiovascular system elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiovascular system textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "circulatory system elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "circulatory system elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "circulatory system textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of cardiovascular system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of circulatory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of cardiovascular system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of circulatory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of cardiovascular system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of circulatory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002857
is_a: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003614
name: blood vessel elastic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a blood vessel [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002856
is_a: UBERON:0003613  ! cardiovascular system elastic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003615
name: lung elastic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lung elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lung textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002860
is_a: UBERON:0000114  ! lung connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003611  ! respiratory system elastic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003616
name: bronchus elastic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001838
xref: UMLS:C1707053
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Elastic_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003592  ! bronchus connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003611  ! respiratory system elastic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001957 ! submucosa of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003617
name: trachea elastic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a trachea [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilaginous trachea elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilaginous trachea elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilaginous trachea textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of vertebrate trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic connective tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of vertebrate trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "elastic tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of vertebrate trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebrate trachea elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebrate trachea elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebrate trachea textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "windpipe textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001861
is_a: UBERON:0003571  ! trachea connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003611  ! respiratory system elastic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002202 ! submucosa of trachea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0002521  ! elastic tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003618
name: aorta tunica media
namespace: uberon
def: "the middle layer of the aorta wall, containing the smooth muscle layer and elastic fibers." [MP:0009873]
synonym: "adult aorta tunica media" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal aorta tunica media" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree tunica media" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica media of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica media of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica media of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica media of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:74433
xref: MA:0002903
xref: SCTID:48467007
is_a: UBERON:0004178  ! aorta smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007239  ! tunica media of artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004663 ! aorta wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0002522  ! tunica media
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003619
name: aorta tunica intima
namespace: uberon
def: "the innermost layer of the aorta, containing the endothelium and an inner elastic membrane." [MP:0009872]
synonym: "adult aorta tunica intima" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal aorta tunica intima" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree tunica intima" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica intima of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica intima of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica intima of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica intima of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:74419
xref: MA:0002904
xref: SCTID:362031007
is_a: UBERON:0005740  ! tunica intima of artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004663 ! aorta wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0002523  ! tunica intima
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003620
name: manual digit 1 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 1 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 1 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 1 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 1 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001389, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "long bone of digit of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thumb digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thumb long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thumb phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19113
xref: FMA:35477
xref: MA:0001389
xref: SCTID:181975002
xref: UMLS:C1711344
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_1_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001436  ! phalanx of manus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010675 ! manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003622
name: manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "2nd digit of the manus." [Wikipedia:Index_finger]
comment: Anurans lack manual digit 1, so manual digit 2 is the digit after the prepollex (Phenotype RCN Oct 2012)
synonym: "2nd digit of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "2nd finger" EXACT []
synonym: "digit 2 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17432]
synonym: "finger 2" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000517]
synonym: "fore digit II" EXACT [AAO:0010640]
synonym: "fore limb digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 2" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000455, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "index finger" NARROW []
synonym: "second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:24946]
synonym: "second finger" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010640
xref: EHDAA2:0000517
xref: EMAPA:17432
xref: FMA:24946
xref: MA:0000455
xref: SCTID:362758006
xref: UMLS:C0230388
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Index_finger.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Index_finger.JPG/200px-Index_finger.JPG
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_2
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
is_a: UBERON:0006049  ! digit 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012141 ! manual digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006049  ! digit 2
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: taxon_notes "This class represents the standard tetrapod configuration. Wagner proposes that avian digits I,II,III develop from C2,C3,C4. To support this scheme we have separate classes representing the avian digits (here called alula, manual digit, major digit)." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003623
name: manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "3rd digit of the manus." [Wikipedia:Middle_finger]
synonym: "3rd digit of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "3rd finger" EXACT []
synonym: "digit 3 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17435]
synonym: "digitus medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_finger]
synonym: "finger 3" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000523]
synonym: "fore digit III" EXACT [AAO:0010641]
synonym: "fore limb digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 3" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000456, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "middle finger" NARROW []
synonym: "third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:24947]
synonym: "third finger" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010641
xref: EHDAA2:0000523
xref: EMAPA:17435
xref: FMA:24947
xref: MA:0000456
xref: SCTID:362763005
xref: UMLS:C0230393
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Middle_finger.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Middle_finger.jpg/200px-Middle_finger.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_3
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
is_a: UBERON:0006050  ! digit 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012141 ! manual digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006050  ! digit 3
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: taxon_notes "This class represents the standard tetrapod configuration. Wagner proposes that avian digits I,II,III develop from C2,C3,C4. To support this scheme we have separate classes representing the avian digits (here called alula, manual digit, major digit)." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003624
name: manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "4th digit of the manus." [Wikipedia:Ring_finger]
synonym: "4th digit of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "4th finger" EXACT []
synonym: "digit 4 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17438]
synonym: "digitus annularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ring_finger]
synonym: "finger 4" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000529]
synonym: "fore digit IV" EXACT [AAO:0010642]
synonym: "fore limb digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:24948]
synonym: "fourth finger" EXACT []
synonym: "hand digit 4" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000457, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "ring finger" NARROW []
xref: AAO:0010642
xref: EHDAA2:0000529
xref: EMAPA:17438
xref: FMA:24948
xref: MA:0000457
xref: SCTID:362768001
xref: UMLS:C0230398
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Ring_finger.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Ring_finger.JPG/200px-Ring_finger.JPG
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_4
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
is_a: UBERON:0006051  ! digit 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012141 ! manual digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006051  ! digit 4
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003625
name: manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "5th digit of the manus." [Wikipedia:Little_finger]
synonym: "5th digit of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "5th finger" EXACT []
synonym: "digit 5 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17441]
synonym: "fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:24949]
synonym: "fifth finger" EXACT []
synonym: "finger 5" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000535]
synonym: "fore digit V" EXACT [AAO:0010643]
synonym: "fore limb digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 5" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000458, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "little finger" NARROW []
synonym: "manual digitus minimus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Little_finger]
synonym: "quintus, digitus V" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Little_finger]
xref: AAO:0010643
xref: EHDAA2:0000535
xref: EMAPA:17441
xref: FMA:24949
xref: MA:0000458
xref: SCTID:362773007
xref: UMLS:C0230403
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pink.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Pink.jpg/200px-Pink.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_5
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
is_a: UBERON:0006052  ! digit 5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012141 ! manual digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006052  ! digit 5
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003631
name: pedal digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "1st digit of the hind autopod." [Wikipedia:Hallux]
synonym: "big toe" NARROW []
synonym: "digit 1 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17460]
synonym: "digit 1 of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "digitus primus (I) pedis" RELATED [BTO:0002349]
synonym: "foot digit 1" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000465, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "great toe" EXACT [FMA:25047]
synonym: "hallex" EXACT []
synonym: "hallux" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "hallux; digitus primus [I]" EXACT [FMA:25047]
synonym: "hind digit I" EXACT [AAO:0010644]
synonym: "hind limb digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "pedal digit 1" EXACT []
synonym: "pes digit I" EXACT []
synonym: "preaxial digit of hindlimb" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 1" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002037]
xref: AAO:0010644
xref: BTO:0002349
xref: EHDAA2:0002037
xref: EMAPA:17460
xref: FMA:25047
xref: GAID:45
xref: MA:0000465
xref: MESH:A01.378.610.250.300.792.380
xref: SCTID:302546000
xref: UMLS:C1708079
xref: VSAO:0000201
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/RightFootToes.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_1
is_a: UBERON:0001466  ! pedal digit
is_a: UBERON:0006048  ! digit 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012142 ! pedal digitopodium region
relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0006048  ! digit 1
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003632
name: pedal digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "2nd digit of the hind autopod." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "2nd toe" EXACT []
synonym: "digit 2 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17463]
synonym: "digitus secundus (II) pedis" RELATED [BTO:0002350]
synonym: "digitus secundus [ii]" EXACT [FMA:25048]
synonym: "digitus secundus pedis" EXACT [BTO:0002350]
synonym: "foot digit 2" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000466, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind digit II" EXACT [AAO:0010645]
synonym: "hind limb digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "pes digit II" EXACT []
synonym: "second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:25048]
synonym: "second toe" EXACT [FMA:25048]
synonym: "toe 2" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002042]
xref: AAO:0010645
xref: BTO:0002350
xref: EHDAA2:0002042
xref: EMAPA:17463
xref: FMA:25048
xref: MA:0000466
xref: SCTID:362817008
xref: UMLS:C1708081
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_2
is_a: UBERON:0001466  ! pedal digit
is_a: UBERON:0006049  ! digit 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012142 ! pedal digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006049  ! digit 2
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003633
name: pedal digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "3rd digit of the hind autopod." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "3rd toe" EXACT []
synonym: "digit 3 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17466]
synonym: "digitus tertius (III) pedis" RELATED [BTO:0002351]
synonym: "digitus tertius [iii]" EXACT [FMA:25051]
synonym: "digitus tertius pedis" EXACT [BTO:0002351]
synonym: "foot digit 3" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000467, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind digit III" EXACT [AAO:0010646]
synonym: "hind limb digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "pes digit III" EXACT []
synonym: "third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:25051]
synonym: "third toe" EXACT [FMA:25051]
synonym: "toe 3" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002047]
xref: AAO:0010646
xref: BTO:0002351
xref: EHDAA2:0002047
xref: EMAPA:17466
xref: FMA:25051
xref: MA:0000467
xref: SCTID:362821001
xref: UMLS:C1708083
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_3
is_a: UBERON:0001466  ! pedal digit
is_a: UBERON:0006050  ! digit 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012142 ! pedal digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006050  ! digit 3
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003634
name: pedal digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "4th digit of the hind autopod." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "4th toe" EXACT []
synonym: "digit 4 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17469]
synonym: "digitus quartis pedis" EXACT [BTO:0002352]
synonym: "digitus quartus (IV) pedis" RELATED [BTO:0002352]
synonym: "digitus quartus [iv]" EXACT [FMA:25052]
synonym: "foot digit 4" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000468, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:25052]
synonym: "fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:25052]
synonym: "hind digit IV" EXACT [AAO:0010656]
synonym: "hind limb digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "pes digit IV" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 4" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002052]
xref: AAO:0010656
xref: BTO:0002352
xref: EHDAA2:0002052
xref: EMAPA:17469
xref: FMA:25052
xref: MA:0000468
xref: SCTID:362826006
xref: UMLS:C1708085
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_4
is_a: UBERON:0001466  ! pedal digit
is_a: UBERON:0006051  ! digit 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003635
name: pedal digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "5th digit of the hind autopod." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Fifth_toe]
synonym: "5th toe" EXACT []
synonym: "digit 5 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17472]
synonym: "digitus V of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "digitus minimus pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fifth_toe]
synonym: "digitus quintus [V] pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:25053, FMA:TA]
synonym: "digitus quintus of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "digitus quintus pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fifth_toe]
synonym: "fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:25053]
synonym: "fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:25053]
synonym: "foot digit 5" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000469, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind digit V" EXACT [AAO:0010658]
synonym: "hind limb digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "little toe" NARROW []
synonym: "pedal digitus minimus" EXACT []
synonym: "pes digit V" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 5" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002057]
xref: AAO:0010658
xref: BTO:0002353
xref: EHDAA2:0002057
xref: EMAPA:17472
xref: FMA:25053
xref: MA:0000469
xref: SCTID:362830009
xref: UMLS:C1708087
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_5
is_a: UBERON:0001466  ! pedal digit
is_a: UBERON:0006052  ! digit 5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012142 ! pedal digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006052  ! digit 5
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003636
name: manual digit 2 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 2 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 2 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 2 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 2 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001390, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "index finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35480]
synonym: "long bone of digit of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:35480]
synonym: "phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19115
xref: FMA:35480
xref: MA:0001390
xref: SCTID:361783009
xref: UMLS:C1708312
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_2_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001436  ! phalanx of manus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010676 ! manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003637
name: manual digit 3 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3 rd digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3 rd digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3 rd digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3 rd finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3 rd finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3 rd finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 3 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 3 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 3 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 3 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001391, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "long bone of digit of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35483]
synonym: "phalanx of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:35483]
synonym: "phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19117
xref: FMA:35483
xref: MA:0001391
xref: SCTID:361785002
xref: UMLS:C1708314
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_3_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001436  ! phalanx of manus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010677 ! manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003638
name: manual digit 4 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 4 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "fourth finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 4 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 4 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 4 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001392, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "long bone of digit of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:35486]
synonym: "ring finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35486]
xref: EMAPA:19119
xref: FMA:35486
xref: MA:0001392
xref: SCTID:361787005
xref: UMLS:C1708316
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_4_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001436  ! phalanx of manus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010678 ! manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003639
name: manual digit 5 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5 th digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5 th digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5 th digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5 th finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5 th finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5 th finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 5 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 5 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 5 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 5 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001393, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "little finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35489]
synonym: "long bone of digit of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35489]
synonym: "phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:35489]
synonym: "phalanx of manual digitus minimus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19121
xref: FMA:35489
xref: MA:0001393
xref: SCTID:361789008
xref: UMLS:C1708317
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_5_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001436  ! phalanx of manus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010679 ! manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003640
name: pedal digit 1 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "big toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32884]
synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001381, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hallux digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hallux long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hallux phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb digit 1 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "long bone of digit of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of big toe" EXACT [FMA:32884]
synonym: "phalanx of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32884]
synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of great toe" EXACT [FMA:32884]
synonym: "phalanx of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19124
xref: FMA:32884
xref: MA:0001381
xref: SCTID:361798006
xref: UMLS:C1708080
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_1_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001449  ! phalanx of pes
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010680 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003641
name: pedal digit 2 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001382, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 2 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32899]
synonym: "second toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32899]
xref: EMAPA:19126
xref: FMA:32899
xref: MA:0001382
xref: SCTID:361800004
xref: UMLS:C1708082
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_2_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001449  ! phalanx of pes
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010681 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003642
name: pedal digit 3 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001383, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 3 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32900]
synonym: "third toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32900]
xref: EMAPA:19128
xref: FMA:32900
xref: MA:0001383
xref: SCTID:361802007
xref: UMLS:C1708084
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_3_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001449  ! phalanx of pes
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010682 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003643
name: respiratory system arterial blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "An arterial blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001800
is_a: UBERON:0003504  ! respiratory system blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0003509  ! arterial blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0003509  ! arterial blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003644
name: kidney arterial blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "An arterial blood vessel that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002578
is_a: UBERON:0003509  ! arterial blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0003517  ! kidney blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0003509  ! arterial blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003645
name: metacarpal bone of digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 1 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "first digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23899]
synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "manual digit 1 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal 1" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal I" EXACT [FMA:23899]
synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 1" EXACT [MA:0001364]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pollex ; digitus primus [ I ] metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pollex ; digitus primus [ I ] metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thumb metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thumb metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0010616
xref: EMAPA:19112
xref: FMA:23899
xref: MA:0001364
xref: SCTID:181973009
xref: UMLS:C1708987
xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_1
is_a: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013581  ! metapodium bone 1
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010570 ! manual digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1
property_value: external_definition "The first metacarpal bone or the metacarpal bone of the thumb is the first bone of the thumb. It is connected to the trapezium of the carpus at the first carpometacarpal joint and to the proximal thumb phalanx at the first metacarpophalangeal joint[Wikipedia:First_metacarpal_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003646
name: metacarpal bone of digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2 nd finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 2 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "manual digit 2 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal 2" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal II" EXACT [FMA:23900]
synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 2" EXACT [MA:0001365]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23900]
xref: AAO:0000853
xref: EMAPA:19114
xref: FMA:23900
xref: MA:0001365
xref: SCTID:263399007
xref: UMLS:C1708988
xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_2
is_a: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013582  ! metapodium bone 2
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010571 ! manual digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with the prepollex and carpal 2(1) or carpal 2+3(1+2) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit II(I) distally.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003647
name: metacarpal bone of digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 3[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Third_metacarpal_bone]
synonym: "3 rd digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3 rd digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3 rd finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3 rd finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cannon bone" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "finger 3 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "manual digit 3 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal 3" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal III" EXACT [FMA:23901]
synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 3" EXACT [MA:0001366]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23901]
xref: AAO:0000854
xref: EMAPA:19116
xref: FMA:23901
xref: MA:0001366
xref: SCTID:263400000
xref: UMLS:C1708989
xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_3
is_a: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013583  ! metapodium bone 3
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010572 ! manual digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with carpal 3(2) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit III(II) distally.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The third metacarpal bone (metacarpal bone of the middle finger) is a little smaller than the second. The dorsal aspect of its base presents on its radial side a pyramidal eminence, the styloid process, which extends upward behind the capitate; immediately distal to this is a rough surface for the attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. The carpal articular facet is concave behind, flat in front, and articulates with the capitate. On the radial side is a smooth, concave facet for articulation with the second metacarpal, and on the ulnar side two small oval facets for the fourth metacarpal[Wikipedia:Third_metacarpal_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003648
name: metacarpal bone of digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4 th finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 4 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "fourth finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23902]
synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "manual digit 4 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal 4" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal IV" EXACT [FMA:23902]
synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 4" EXACT [MA:0001367]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0010615
xref: EMAPA:19118
xref: FMA:23902
xref: MA:0001367
xref: SCTID:263401001
xref: UMLS:C1708990
xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_4
is_a: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013584  ! metapodium bone 4
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010573 ! manual digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4
property_value: external_definition "The fourth metacarpal bone (metacarpal bone of the ring finger) is shorter and smaller than the third. The base is small and quadrilateral; its superior surface presents two facets, a large one medially for articulation with the hamate, and a small one laterally for the capitate. On the radial side are two oval facets, for articulation with the third metacarpal; and on the ulnar side a single concave facet, for the fifth metacarpal[Wikipedia:Fourth_metacarpal_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003649
name: metacarpal bone of digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note FMA also has FMA:36782
synonym: "5 th digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5 th digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5 th finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5 th finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23903]
synonym: "finger 5 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "manual digit 5 metacarpus" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal 5" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal V" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 5" EXACT [MA:0001368]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000855
xref: EMAPA:19120
xref: FMA:23903
xref: MA:0001368
xref: SCTID:263402008
xref: UMLS:C1711224
xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_5
is_a: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013585  ! metapodium bone 5
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010574 ! manual digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with carpal 5(4) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit V(IV) distally.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The fifth metacarpal bone (metacarpal bone of the little finger or pinky finger) is the most lateral metacarpal[Wikipedia:Fifth_metacarpal_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003650
name: metatarsal bone of digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24502]
synonym: "foot digit 1 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hallux metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metatarsal 1" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsal I" EXACT [AAO:0000925]
synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 1" EXACT [MA:0001369]
synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metatarsal bone of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe 1 metatarsal" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 1 metatarsus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000925
xref: EMAPA:19123
xref: FMA:24502
xref: MA:0001369
xref: SCTID:182121005
xref: UMLS:C1708999
xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_1
is_a: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013581  ! metapodium bone 1
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010557 ! pedal digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004332 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004332 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with the prepollex and tarsal 1 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit I distally.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The first metatarsal bone is the bone in the body of the foot just behind the big toe. It is remarkable for its great thickness, and is the shortest of the metatarsal bones. The body is strong, and of well-marked prismoid form. The base presents, as a rule, no articular facets on its sides, but occasionally on the lateral side there is an oval facet, by which it articulates with the second metatarsal. Its proximal articular surface is of large size and kidney-shaped; its circumference is grooved, for the tarsometatarsal ligaments, and medially gives insertion to part of the tendon of the Tibialis anterior; its plantar angle presents a rough oval prominence for the insertion of the tendon of the PeronC&us longus. The head is large; on its plantar surface are two grooved facets, on which glide sesamoid bones; the facets are separated by a smooth elevation[Wikipedia:First_metatarsal_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003651
name: metatarsal bone of digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metatarsal 2" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsal II" EXACT [AAO:0000926]
synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 2" EXACT [MA:0001370]
synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24503]
synonym: "toe 2 metatarsal" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 2 metatarsus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000926
xref: EMAPA:19125
xref: FMA:24503
xref: MA:0001370
xref: SCTID:182128004
xref: UMLS:C1709000
xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_2
is_a: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013582  ! metapodium bone 2
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010558 ! pedal digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004333 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004333 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 2 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit II distally.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003652
name: metatarsal bone of digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Third_metatarsal_bone]
synonym: "cannon bone" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "foot digit 3 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metatarsal 3" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsal III" EXACT [AAO:0000927]
synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 3" EXACT [MA:0001371]
synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24504]
synonym: "toe 3 metatarsal" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 3 metatarsus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000927
xref: EMAPA:19127
xref: FMA:24504
xref: MA:0001371
xref: SCTID:182134006
xref: UMLS:C1709001
xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_3
is_a: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013583  ! metapodium bone 3
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010559 ! pedal digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004334 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004334 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 3 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit III distally.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The third metatarsal bone articulates proximally, by means of a triangular smooth surface, with the third cuneiform; medially, by two facets, with the second metatarsal; and laterally, by a single facet, with the fourth metatarsal. This last facet is situated at the dorsal angle of the base[Wikipedia:Third_metatarsal_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003653
name: metatarsal bone of digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24505]
synonym: "metatarsal 4" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsal IV" EXACT [AAO:0000928]
synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 4" EXACT [MA:0001372]
synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe 4 metatarsal" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 4 metatarsus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000928
xref: EMAPA:19129
xref: FMA:24505
xref: MA:0001372
xref: SCTID:182139001
xref: UMLS:C1709002
xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_4
is_a: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013584  ! metapodium bone 4
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010560 ! pedal digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004335 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004335 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 4 or the distal head of the tibiale-fibulare proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit IV distally.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The fourth metatarsal bone is smaller in size than the third; its base presents an oblique quadrilateral surface for articulation with the cuboid; a smooth facet on the medial side, divided by a ridge into an anterior portion for articulation with the third metatarsal, and a posterior portion for articulation with the third cuneiform; on the lateral side a single facet, for articulation with the fifth metatarsal[Wikipedia:Fourth_metatarsal_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003654
name: metatarsal bone of digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24506]
synonym: "foot digit 5 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metatarsal 5" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsal V" EXACT [AAO:0000929]
synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 5" EXACT [MA:0001373]
synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe 5 metatarsal" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 5 metatarsus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000929
xref: EMAPA:19131
xref: FMA:24506
xref: MA:0001373
xref: SCTID:182144008
xref: UMLS:C1709003
xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_5
is_a: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013585  ! metapodium bone 5
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010561 ! pedal digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004336 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004336 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5
property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 5 or the distal head of the tibiale-fibulare proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit V distally.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The fifth metatarsal bone is recognized by a rough eminence, the tuberosity, on the lateral side of its base. The base articulates behind, by a triangular surface cut obliquely in a transverse direction, with the cuboid; and medially, with the fourth metatarsal. On the medial part of its dorsal surface is inserted the tendon of the PeronC&us tertius and on the dorsal surface of the tuberosity that of the PeronC&us brevis. A strong band of the plantar aponeurosis connects the projecting part of the tuberosity with the lateral process of the tuberosity of the calcaneus. The plantar surface of the base is grooved for the tendon of the Abductor digiti quinti, and gives origin to the Flexor digiti quinti brevis. The base of the metatarsal is often injured and a particularly notorious fracture is the Jones fracture. When the tuberosity is broken, it is called a pseudo-Jones fracture or a dancer's fracture. This is a common fracture of the fifth metatarsal. Stress fractures are common in the fifth metatarsal among athletes[Wikipedia:Fifth_metatarsal_bone]." xsd:string
property_value: ray_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003655
name: molar tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "Molars are the rearmost and most complicated kind of tooth in most mammals." [Wikipedia:Molar_(tooth)]
comment: Adult humans have twelve molars, in four groups of three at the back of the mouth. The third, rearmost molar in each group is called a wisdom tooth. It is the last tooth to appear, breaking through the surface of the gum at about the age of twenty, although this varies from individual to individual. Ethnicity can also have an impact on the age at which this occurs, with statistical variations between groups. The human mouth contains upper (maxillary) and lower (mandibular) molars. They are: maxillary first molar, maxillary second molar, maxillary third molar, mandibular first molar, mandibular second molar, and mandibular third molar.
synonym: "dens molaris" EXACT [Wikipedia:Molar_%28tooth%29]
synonym: "molar" RELATED [MA:0000350]
synonym: "molaris" EXACT [BTO:0001759]
xref: BTO:0001759
xref: FMA:55638
xref: MA:0000350
xref: MESH:A14.254.860.525
xref: SCTID:362115002
xref: UMLS:C0026367
xref: ncithesaurus:Molar_Tooth
is_a: UBERON:0013164  ! molariform tooth
disjoint_from: UBERON:0007120  ! premolar tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003656
name: mesopodium bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a mesopodial skeleton[cjm]. The carpus (wrist) and tarsus (ankle) of land vertebrates primitively had three rows of carpal or tarsal bones. Often some of these have become lost or fused in evolution. Three proximals. In the hand humans has all three. In the foot the middle proximal appears in 5-15% of people as an os trigonum. Centrale or os centrale, on the medial side. In humans and our closest relatives the African apes (chimpanzees and gorillas) it fuses to the scaphoid where it forms the articulation with the trapezoid bone; occasionally it stays separate. In Man's foot it is the navicular. Some early land vertebrates had more than one (up to three) os centrale per hand or foot. Distals, one per finger / toe at the base of each metacarpal or metatarsal. In mammals the 4th and 5th fuse. In the horse the 1st is lost[WP]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Carpus_and_tarsus_of_land_vertebrates]
synonym: "basipodium bone" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "carpal/tarsal bone" EXACT [MA:0000295]
synonym: "mesopod bone" EXACT []
synonym: "mesopodial bone" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000295
is_a: UBERON:0011250  ! autopod bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009878 ! mesopodial skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003657
name: limb joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Any joint that is part of a (free) limb." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Most limb joints are synovial, but a few such as the tibiofibular joints are syndesmoses
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "joint of limb" EXACT []
synonym: "joint of limb skeletal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal limb joint" EXACT [GO:0036023]
xref: MA:0000691
xref: SCTID:312683002
xref: galen:LimbJoint
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003658
name: hip muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a hip [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "regio coxae muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000657
is_a: UBERON:0010890  ! pelvic complex muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003659
name: pedal digit muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of foot muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus pedis muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit muscle" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000648, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "foot digit muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb digit muscle" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "muscle organ of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000648
is_a: UBERON:0001498  ! muscle of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003660
name: eyelid muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "blepharon muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eyelid muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000269
xref: UMLS:C1707990
xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003661
name: limb muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000692
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003662
name: forelimb muscle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005634
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a forelimb." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: FMA and MA class actually refer to muscles of entire pectoral complex
synonym: "arm muscle system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000141]
synonym: "fore limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "free upper limb muscle" EXACT [FMA:37348]
synonym: "muscle of free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:37348]
synonym: "muscle of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:9621]
synonym: "musculature of arm" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "musculature of the arm" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "wing muscle" NARROW SENSU [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000204
xref: BTO:0000479
xref: FMA:37348
is_a: UBERON:0003661  ! limb muscle
is_a: UBERON:0010891  ! pectoral complex muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003663
name: hindlimb muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "free lower limb muscle" EXACT [FMA:37368]
synonym: "hind limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:37368]
synonym: "muscle of posterior limb" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "muscle organ of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000222
xref: EFO:0001928
xref: FMA:37368
is_a: UBERON:0003661  ! limb muscle
is_a: UBERON:0010890  ! pelvic complex muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003664
name: manual digit muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of hand muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus manus muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit muscle" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit muscle" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000624, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000624
is_a: UBERON:0001500  ! muscle of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003665
name: tail muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that attaches to a tail vertebra [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caudal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle organ of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "post-vent region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tail muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000081
xref: BTO:0001905
xref: MA:0000699
xref: SCTID:113230005
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003666
name: upper jaw molar
namespace: uberon
def: "A molar tooth that is part of a upper jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "maxillary secondary molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55720]
synonym: "molar tooth of upper jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper jaw molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper molar" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "upper molar tooth" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "upper permanent molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55720]
synonym: "upper primary molar tooth" NARROW [FMA:84210]
synonym: "upper secondary molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55720]
xref: EHDAA2:0002125
xref: EHDAA:8053
xref: EMAPA:17942
xref: FMA:55720
xref: MA:0001603
xref: UMLS:C1710580
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Jaw_Molar
is_a: UBERON:0003655  ! molar tooth
is_a: UBERON:0011593  ! maxillary tooth
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0003655  ! molar tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003667
name: lower jaw molar
namespace: uberon
def: "A molar tooth that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower molar" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lower molar tooth" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lower permanent molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55721]
synonym: "lower primary molar tooth" NARROW [FMA:84213]
synonym: "lower secondary molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55721]
synonym: "mandibular secondary molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55721]
synonym: "molar tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001025
xref: EHDAA:8017
xref: EMAPA:17921
xref: FMA:55721
xref: MA:0001602
xref: UMLS:C1708756
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Jaw_Molar
is_a: UBERON:0003655  ! molar tooth
is_a: UBERON:0011594  ! dentary tooth
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004742 ! dentary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0003655  ! molar tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003668
name: synovial bursa
namespace: uberon
def: "a small fluid-filled sac lined by synovial membrane with an inner capillary layer of slimy fluid. It provides a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles around a joint. This helps to reduce friction between the bones and allows free movement. Bursae are filled with synovial fluid and are found around most major joints of the body." [Wikipedia:Synovial_bursa]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "bursa" BROAD [FMA:9692]
synonym: "bursa synovialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Synovial_bursa]
xref: FMA:9692
xref: GAID:252
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.156
xref: SCTID:182483003
xref: UMLS:C0006441
xref: galen:Bursa
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray350.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray350.png/200px-Gray350.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Synovial_Bursa
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002018 ! synovial membrane of synovial joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003669
name: fascia lata
namespace: uberon
def: "The fascia lata is the deep fascia of the thigh. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Fascia_lata]
xref: FMA:13902
xref: GAID:117
xref: MESH:A02.340.424
xref: SCTID:361911008
xref: UMLS:C0015642
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Gray431.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Gray431.png/200px-Gray431.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Fascia_Lata
is_a: UBERON:0004266  ! upper leg connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0011236  ! deep fascia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003671
name: anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior cruciate ligament" EXACT [FMA:44614]
xref: FMA:44614
xref: GAID:122
xref: MESH:A02.513.514.100
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4r77KC8RuaEd2f4ADggVfexA
xref: SCTID:182443006
xref: UMLS:C0078960
xref: galen:AnteriorCruciateLigament
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Cruciate_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0006659  ! cruciate ligament of knee

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003672
name: dentition
namespace: uberon
comment: In FMA this is an anatomical set
synonym: "dentes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75150, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of teeth" EXACT [FMA:75150]
synonym: "teeth" EXACT [FMA:75150]
synonym: "teeth set" EXACT [FMA:75150]
xref: AAO:0000126
xref: FMA:75150
xref: GAID:1249
xref: MESH:A14.254
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi65JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245543004
xref: UMLS:C0011443
xref: ncithesaurus:Dentition
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Dentition refers to set of teeth, especially with regard to their number, kind, and arrangement, in the mouth.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003673
name: ligamentum flavum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "flaval ligament" RELATED [GAID:126]
xref: FMA:13423
xref: GAID:126
xref: MESH:A02.513.514.287
xref: SCTID:244598002
xref: UMLS:C0206327
xref: ncithesaurus:Ligamentum_Flavum
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003675
name: tooth crown
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anatomical crown" EXACT [FMA:55623]
synonym: "corona dentis" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Corona_Dentis]
synonym: "crown" RELATED []
synonym: "crown of tooth" EXACT [FMA:55623]
synonym: "tooth crown" EXACT [FMA:55623]
xref: FMA:55623
xref: GAID:1275
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.710
xref: SCTID:362106009
xref: UMLS:C0226993
xref: ncithesaurus:Corona_Dentis
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003676
name: patellar ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The central portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris. It is attached to the apex of the PATELLA and to the lower part of the tubercle of the TIBIA." [MESH:A02.513.514.475, Wikipedia:Patellar_ligament]
synonym: "central band of tendon of quadriceps femoris" EXACT [FMA:44581]
synonym: "ligamentum patella" EXACT [FMA:44581]
synonym: "patellar tendon" RELATED []
xref: EMAPA:18509
xref: EMAPA:19139
xref: FMA:44581
xref: GAID:128
xref: MESH:A02.513.514.475
xref: SCTID:244639004
xref: UMLS:C0206332
xref: galen:LigamentumPatellae
xref: ncithesaurus:Patellar_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0011088  ! ligament of knee joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003677
name: tooth root
namespace: uberon
synonym: "radix corona" EXACT [FMA:55624]
synonym: "root of tooth" EXACT [FMA:55624]
synonym: "tooth root" EXACT [FMA:55624]
xref: FMA:55624
xref: GAID:1280
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.750
xref: SCTID:245728004
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003678
name: tooth apex
namespace: uberon
synonym: "apex of tooth" EXACT [FMA:63000]
synonym: "apical foramen" RELATED [GAID:1281]
synonym: "tooth apex" EXACT [FMA:63000]
synonym: "tooth apice" RELATED [GAID:1281]
xref: FMA:63000
xref: GAID:1281
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.750.700
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003679
name: mouth floor
namespace: uberon
synonym: "floor of mouth" EXACT [FMA:86592]
synonym: "sublingual region" RELATED [GAID:1283]
xref: EFO:0001923
xref: FMA:86592
xref: GAID:1283
xref: MESH:A14.549.441
xref: SCTID:245786002
xref: UMLS:C0026638
xref: ncithesaurus:Floor_of_the_Mouth
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003680
name: posterior cruciate ligament of knee joint
namespace: uberon
synonym: "posterior cruciate ligament" EXACT [FMA:44617]
xref: FMA:44617
xref: GAID:129
xref: MESH:A02.513.514.600
xref: SCTID:182445004
xref: UMLS:C0080039
xref: galen:PosteriorCruciateLigament
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Cruciate_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0006659  ! cruciate ligament of knee

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003681
name: masticatory muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans: Muscles arising in the zygomatic arch that close the jaw. Their nerve supply is masseteric from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. (From Stedman, 25th ed)" [MESH:A02.633.567.600, Wikipedia:Muscles_of_mastication]
comment: Usage notes: we use this specifically for a jaw muscle that is innervates by the mandibular nerve. Development notes: Masticatory muscles (MM) originate from the somitomeres. These muscles develop late and are not complete even at birth. Tongue muscles develop before masticatory muscles and complete by birth [http://php.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology]
synonym: "jaw muscle" RELATED []
synonym: "muscle of mastication" EXACT []
synonym: "musculi masticatorii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Muscles_of_mastication]
xref: FMA:74060
xref: GAID:145
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.600
xref: SCTID:244769003
xref: UMLS:C0024890
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray781.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_of_the_Mastication
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011648  ! jaw muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003682
name: palatal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The muscles of the palate are the glossopalatine, palatoglossus, levator palati(ni), musculus uvulae, palatopharyngeus, and tensor palati(ni)." [MESH:A02.633.567.750, Wikipedia:Muscles_of_soft_palate_and_fauces]
comment: Editor notes: consider extra class for fauces. AO notes: see also FMA:71438
synonym: "muscle of palate" EXACT [FMA:46726]
synonym: "musculi palati mollis et faucium" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Muscles_of_soft_palate_and_fauces]
synonym: "palatal muscle" EXACT [FMA:46726]
synonym: "palate muscle" EXACT [FMA:46726]
synonym: "palatine muscle" EXACT [FMA:46726]
xref: FMA:46726
xref: GAID:151
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.750
xref: SCTID:244794002
xref: SCTID:73711005
xref: UMLS:C0030213
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Gray1028.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Palatal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003683
name: rotator cuff
namespace: uberon
def: "a group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder. The four muscles of the rotator cuff are over half of the seven scapulohumeral muscles" [Wikipedia:Rotator_cuff]
synonym: "musculotendinous cuff" EXACT [FMA:37018]
synonym: "rotator cuff" EXACT [FMA:37018]
synonym: "tendinous cuff" EXACT [FMA:37018]
xref: FMA:37018
xref: GAID:160
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.912
xref: UMLS:C0085515
xref: ncithesaurus:Rotator_Cuff
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003684
name: abdominal cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "body cavity of the human body (and animal bodies) that holds the bulk of the viscera. It is located below (or inferior to) the thoracic cavity, and above the pelvic cavity. It is a part of the abdominopelvic cavity. Organs of the abdominal cavity include the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, kidneys, and large intestine. The abdominal cavity is lined with a protective membrane termed the peritoneum. The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity behind the peritoneum, in the retroperitoneum. The viscera are also covered, in the front, with a layer of peritoneum called the greater omentum (or omental apron)." [Wikipedia:Abdominal_cavity]
synonym: "cavitas abdominis" RELATED LATIN [GAID:17, Wikipedia:Abdominal_cavity]
synonym: "cavity of abdominal compartment" EXACT [FMA:12266]
synonym: "cavity of compartment of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:12266]
synonym: "space of abdominal compartment" EXACT [FMA:12266]
xref: EFO:0000213
xref: FMA:12266
xref: GAID:17
xref: MESH:A01.047.025
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZR1TJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361294009
xref: UMLS:C0230168
xref: galen:AbdominalCavity
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg/200px-Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0002323  ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003685
name: cranial suture
namespace: uberon
def: "Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the skull are connected by sutural ligaments (scant amount of collagenous dense connective tissue). Examples: sagittal suture, frontal suture." [FMA:71385, ISBN:3110148986, Wikipedia:Suture_(joint)]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cranium suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sutura" EXACT []
synonym: "suture" EXACT [FMA:71385]
synonym: "suture joint of skull" EXACT [SCTID:244509003]
synonym: "suture of cranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:7493
xref: GAID:211
xref: MA:0001475
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.200
xref: SCTID:244509003
is_a: UBERON:0009198  ! craniofacial suture
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium
intersection_of: UBERON:0002209  ! fibrous joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003686
name: tooth socket
namespace: uberon
def: "Dental alveolus (plural, alveoli) are sockets in the jaws in which the roots of teeth are held in the alveolar process of maxilla with the periodontal ligament. The lay term for dental alveoli is tooth sockets. A joint that connect the roots of the teeth and the alveolus are called gomphosis (plural gomphoses). In mammals, tooth sockets are found in the maxilla and the mandible. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dental_alveolus]
synonym: "alveolus dentali" RELATED [GAID:217]
synonym: "alveolus dentalis" RELATED LATIN [GAID:217, Wikipedia:Dental_alveolus]
synonym: "dental alveolus" EXACT [FMA:57490, GAID:217]
xref: FMA:57490
xref: GAID:217
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.502.125.800
xref: SCTID:288323008
xref: UMLS:C0227130
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Alveole_zahn.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Alveole_zahn.jpg/200px-Alveole_zahn.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth_Socket
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004103 ! alveolar ridge

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003687
name: foramen magnum
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, in the occipital bone, the foramen magnum is one of the several oval or circular apertures in the base of the skull, through which the medulla oblongata (an extension of the spinal cord) enters and exits the skull vault. Apart from the transmission of the medulla oblongata and its membranes, the foramen magnum transmits the Spinal Accessory nerve, vertebral arteries, the anterior and posterior spinal arteries, the membrana tectoria and alar ligaments. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Foramen_magnum]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0010826
xref: FMA:75306
xref: GAID:228
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.572.434
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOm-FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244679008
xref: TAO:0002045
xref: UMLS:C0016519
xref: ZFA:0005387
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Gray130.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Gray130.png/200px-Gray130.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_Magnum
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
property_value: external_definition "Foramen in the occipital region of neurocranium to allow passage of spinal cord.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003688
name: omentum
namespace: uberon
xref: EV:0100084
xref: FMA:14650
xref: GAID:23
xref: MESH:A01.047.025.600.573
xref: SCTID:362710002
xref: UMLS:C0028977
xref: galen:Omentum
xref: ncithesaurus:Omentum
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001178 ! visceral peritoneum
property_value: has_relational_adjective "omental" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003689
name: sella turcica
namespace: uberon
def: "The sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone at the base of the human skull. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sella_turcica]
comment: Editor notes: for consistency with FMA we have a separate class for the cavity of the sella turcica
synonym: "Turkey Chair" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sella_turcica]
synonym: "suprasellar" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sella_turcica]
synonym: "turkish saddle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sella_turcica]
xref: FMA:54709
xref: GAID:231
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.802.662
xref: SCTID:368554001
xref: UMLS:C0036609
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray145.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Gray145.png/200px-Gray145.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sella_Turcica
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009639 ! body of sphenoid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003690
name: sacrum
namespace: uberon
def: "The sacrum is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine and at the upper and back part of the pelvic cavity, where it is inserted like a wedge between the two hip bones. Its upper part connects with the last lumbar vertebra, and bottom part with the coccyx (tailbone). In children, it consists of usually five unfused vertebrae which begin to fuse between ages 16-18 and are usually completely fused into a single bone by age 26. It is curved upon itself and placed obliquely (that is, tilted forward). It is kyphotic b that is, concave facing forwards. The base projects forward as the sacral promontory internally, and articulates with the last lumbar vertebra to form the prominent sacrovertebral angle. The central part is curved outward towards the posterior, allowing greater room for the pelvic cavity. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sacrum]
synonym: "os sacrum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sacrum]
synonym: "os sacrum [vertebrae sacrales i - v]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16202, FMA:TA]
synonym: "sacral bone" RELATED [FMA:16202]
synonym: "sacrum [sacral vertebrae I-V]" EXACT [FMA:16202]
synonym: "sacrum [sacral vertebrae i - v]" EXACT [FMA:16202]
xref: AAO:0000552
xref: EFO:0003071
xref: FMA:16202
xref: GAID:241
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834.717
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmBKnJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:264186006
xref: galen:Sacrum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Gray95.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Gray95.png/200px-Gray95.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sacrum
is_a: UBERON:0003828  ! abdominal segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005179  ! pelvis organ
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001270 ! bony pelvis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005473 ! sacral region
property_value: external_definition "Enlarged vertebra with transverse processes (diapophyses), and ocassionally ribs, that are modified and elaborated for support of the pelvic girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "sacral" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003691
name: epidural space
namespace: uberon
synonym: "extradural space" EXACT [FMA:71228]
synonym: "spatium extradurale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71228, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:71228
xref: GAID:243
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834.803.350
xref: SCTID:281866004
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003692
name: acromioclavicular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The gliding joint formed by the outer extremity of the clavicle and the inner margin of the acromion process of the scapula." [MESH:A02.835.583.032, Wikipedia:Acromioclavicular_joint]
synonym: "acromioclavicular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acromioclavicular_joint]
synonym: "articulatio acromioclavicularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Acromioclavicular_joint]
synonym: "scapuloclavicular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acromioclavicular_joint]
xref: FMA:25898
xref: GAID:249
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.032
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwHhmSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182166001
xref: UMLS:C0001208
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Gray326.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Gray326.png/200px-Gray326.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Acromioclavicular_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0011108  ! synovial joint of pectoral girdle
relationship: connects UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: connects UBERON:0006849 ! scapula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006849 ! scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003693
name: retroperitoneal space
namespace: uberon
def: "anatomical space in the abdominal cavity behind (retro) the peritoneum. It has no specific delineating anatomical structures. Organs are retroperitoneal if they only have peritoneum on their anterior side." [Wikipedia:Retroperitoneum]
synonym: "retroperitoneum" EXACT [FMA:15080]
xref: EFO:0002806
xref: FMA:15080
xref: GAID:25
xref: MESH:A01.047.025.750
xref: SCTID:243983004
xref: UMLS:C0035359
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Gray1126.png/200px-Gray1126.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Retroperitoneum
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003684 ! abdominal cavity
property_value: has_relational_adjective "retroperitoneal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003694
name: atlanto-axial joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The Atlanto-axial joint is of a complicated nature, comprising no fewer than four distinct joints. There is a pivot articulation between the odontoid process of the axis and the ring formed by the anterior arch and the transverse ligament of the atlas." [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint]
synonym: "articulatio atlantoaxialis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint]
synonym: "articulatio atlantoepistrophica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint]
synonym: "atlanto axial joint" EXACT [GAID:250]
synonym: "atlantoaxial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint]
synonym: "atlantoaxial joint" EXACT [GAID:250]
synonym: "lateral atlanto-axial joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint]
synonym: "median atlanto-axial joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint]
xref: FMA:25524
xref: GAID:250
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.097
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwUUIHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361832004
xref: UMLS:C0004168
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray304.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Atlanto-axial_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1
relationship: connects UBERON:0001093 ! cervical vertebra 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011138 ! post-cranial axial skeletal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003695
name: metacarpophalangeal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow cavities on the proximal ends of the first phalanges, with the exception of that of the thumb, which presents more of the characters of a ginglymoid joint. Arthritis of the MCP is a distinguishing feature of Rheumatoid Arthritis, as opposed to the distal interphalangeal joint in osteoarthritis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metacarpophalangeal_joint]
comment: Editor notes: we follow FMA in making these joints part of digits. We include carpometacarpophalangeal joint as a synonym - these joints connect to the carpometacarpus - this is not necessarily inconsistent with the relationship for this class to metacarpal bone, as the carpometacarpus could be considered to have a metacarpal as part
synonym: "MP joint" EXACT [FMA:35246]
synonym: "articulationes metacarpophalangeae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metacarpophalangeal_joint]
synonym: "carpometacarpophalangeal joint" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782]
synonym: "metacarpal joint" BROAD [FMA:35246]
synonym: "metacarpal phalangeal joint" RELATED [HP:0004294]
synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint" EXACT [MA:0000453]
xref: EMAPA:19302
xref: FMA:35246
xref: GAID:255
xref: MA:0000453
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.345.512
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNt8wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:280995004
xref: UMLS:C0025525
xref: galen:MetacarpoPhalangealJoint
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray337.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Gray337.png/200px-Gray337.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpophalangeal_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001489  ! manus joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus
relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003696
name: metatarsophalangeal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The metatarsophalangeal articulations are the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones of the toes . They are condyloid joints meaning an elliptical or rounded surface (of the metatarsal bones) come close to the shallow cavities (of the proximal phalanges). The ligaments are the plantar and two collateral." [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations]
comment: Editor notes: we follow FMA in making these joints part of digits
synonym: "articulationes metatarsophalangeae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations]
synonym: "metatarsal joint" RELATED [FMA:35222]
synonym: "metatarsalphalangeal joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations]
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations]
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations]
xref: FMA:35222
xref: GAID:258
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.378.531
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCtS0pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:239747005
xref: SCTID:302535003
xref: UMLS:C0025589
xref: galen:MetatarsoPhalangealJoint
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray268.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsophalangeal_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001487  ! joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003697
name: abdominal wall
namespace: uberon
def: "The abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall is split into the posterior (back), lateral (sides) and anterior (front) walls. There is a common set of layers covering and forming all the walls: the deepest being the extraperitoneal fat, the parietal peritoneum, and a layer of fascia which has different names over where it covers (eg transversalis, psoas fascia). Superficial to these, but not present in the posterior wall are the three layers of muscle, the transversus abdominis (transverse abdominal muscle), the internal (obliquus internus) and the external oblique (obliquus externus)." [Wikipedia:Abdominal_wall]
synonym: "layers of the abdominal wall" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_wall]
synonym: "paries abdominalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Abdominal_wall]
synonym: "wall of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:259054]
synonym: "wall of abdomen proper" EXACT [FMA:10429]
xref: FMA:10429
xref: FMA:259054
xref: GAID:26
xref: MESH:A01.047.050
xref: SCTID:181613000
xref: UMLS:C0836916
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Wall
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003698
name: subtalar joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A joint of the pes that connects the talus and the calcaneus." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Subtalar_joint]
synonym: "articulatio subtalaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:35198, FMA:TA]
synonym: "articulatio talocalcanea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:35198, FMA:TA]
synonym: "subtalar joint" EXACT [FMA:35198]
synonym: "talocalcaneal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subtalar_joint]
synonym: "talocalcaneal joint" RELATED [GAID:260]
xref: FMA:35198
xref: GAID:260
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.378.831.780
xref: SCTID:182213007
xref: UMLS:C0038593
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Subtalar_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0008447  ! intertarsal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003699
name: pubic symphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "the firm fibrocartilaginous joint in the median plane between the two opposing surfaces of the pubic bones, which are united by an interpubic disc of fibrocartilage as well as the superior and arcuate pubic ligaments." [MP:0009575, Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis]
comment: In birds, the pubic symphysis is present only in the ostrich, and the two hip bones are usually widely separated, making it easier to lay large eggs - Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 188b192. ISBN 0-03-910284-X.
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "interpubic articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis]
synonym: "symphisis pubis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis]
synonym: "symphysis pubica, symphysis pubis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis]
synonym: "symphysis pubis" EXACT [FMA:16950, Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis]
xref: AAO:0000769
xref: FMA:16950
xref: GAID:267
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.656
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwGw9npwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:182200001
xref: UMLS:C0034015
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Gray321.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Gray321.png/200px-Gray321.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pubic_Symphisis
is_a: UBERON:0002216  ! symphysis
relationship: connects UBERON:0011090 ! skeleton of right pelvic girdle
relationship: connects UBERON:0011091 ! skeleton of left pelvic girdle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
property_value: external_definition "Medial attachment of the two halves of the pelvic girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003700
name: temporomandibular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A joint of the jaw that connects the mandible to a temporal bone. There are two TMJs, one on either side, working in unison. The unique feature of the TMJs is the articular disc. The disc is composed of fibrocartilagenous tissue (like the firm and flexible elastic cartilage of the ear) which is positioned between the two bones that form the joint. The TMJs are one of the only synovial joints in the human body with an articular disc, another being the sternoclavicular joint. The disc divides each joint into two. The lower joint compartment formed by the mandible and the articular disc is involved in rotational movement -- this is the initial movement of the jaw when the mouth opens. The upper joint compartment formed by the articular disk and the temporal bone is involved in translational movement -- this is the secondary gliding motion of the jaw as it is opened widely. The part of the mandible which mates to the under-surface of the disc is the condyle and the part of the temporal bone which mates to the upper surface of the disk is the glenoid (or mandibular) fossa[WP]." [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "TMJ" EXACT [BTO:0003674, Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "articulatio temporomandibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "dentary-squamosal joint" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryT.html]
synonym: "squamosal-dentary joint" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryT.html]
synonym: "tempero-mandibular joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "temperomandibular joint" EXACT [HP:0010754]
synonym: "temporalmandibular joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "temporomandibular" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "temporomandibular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "temporomandibular joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint]
xref: BTO:0003674
xref: EMAPA:19196
xref: FMA:54832
xref: GAID:272
xref: MA:0002899
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.861
xref: SCTID:181814009
xref: UMLS:C0039493
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray309.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Jaw_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011171  ! jaw joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001695 ! squamous part of temporal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004742 ! dentary
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011130 ! temporomandibular joint primordium
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001695 ! squamous part of temporal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004742 ! dentary

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003701
name: calcaneal tendon
namespace: uberon
def: "The Achilles tendon is a tendon of the posterior leg. It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone." [Wikipedia:Achilles_tendon]
comment: AO notes: in FMA this is a ligament, and part of the muscle
synonym: "Achille's tendon" EXACT []
synonym: "Achilles tendon" EXACT [MA:0002993]
synonym: "Achilles' tendon" EXACT []
synonym: "calcaneal tendon" EXACT [FMA:51061]
synonym: "tendo Achillis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Achilles_tendon]
synonym: "tendo calcaneus" EXACT LATIN [MA:0002993]
xref: FMA:51061
xref: GAID:277
xref: MA:0002993
xref: MESH:A02.880.176
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjNX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181705009
xref: UMLS:C0001074
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Achilles-tendon.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Achilles_Tendon
is_a: UBERON:0000043  ! tendon
is_a: UBERON:0004270  ! lower leg connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
relationship: connects UBERON:0001383 ! muscle of leg
relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001665 ! triceps surae
intersection_of: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003702
name: inguinal canal
namespace: uberon
def: "The inguinal canal is a passage in the anterior (toward the front of the body) abdominal wall which in men conveys the spermatic cord + the ilioinguinal nerve and in women the round ligament + the ilioinguinal nerve. The inguinal canal is larger and more prominent in men. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal]
synonym: "canalis inguinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal]
xref: EMAPA:19171
xref: EMAPA:26913
xref: FMA:19928
xref: GAID:28
xref: MESH:A01.047.412
xref: SCTID:243966008
xref: UMLS:C0021445
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Gray1227.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gray1227.png/200px-Gray1227.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inguinal_Canal
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
relationship: located_in UBERON:0003697 ! abdominal wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003703
name: extrahepatic bile duct
namespace: uberon
def: "Passages external to the liver for the conveyance of bile. These include the common bile duct and the common hepatic duct." [MESH:A03.159.183.079]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bile duct extrahepatic part" RELATED [MA:0002659]
synonym: "extrahepatic biliary system" RELATED [GAID:281]
xref: FMA:14678
xref: GAID:281
xref: MA:0002659
xref: MESH:A03.159.183.079
xref: SCTID:276158002
xref: UMLS:C0206187
xref: ncithesaurus:Extrahepatic_Bile_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0002394  ! bile duct
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002107

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003704
name: intrahepatic bile duct
namespace: uberon
def: "Passages within the liver for the conveyance of bile. Includes right and left hepatic ducts even though these may join outside the liver to form the common hepatic duct." [MESH:A03.159.183.158]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bile duct intrahepatic part" EXACT [MA:0001630]
synonym: "intrahepatic biliary system" RELATED []
xref: FMA:15766
xref: GAID:287
xref: MA:0001630
xref: MESH:A03.159.183.158
xref: SCTID:362193005
xref: TAO:0005169
xref: UMLS:C0005401
xref: ZFA:0005169
xref: ncithesaurus:Intrahepatic_Bile_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0002394  ! bile duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0002394  ! bile duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
property_value: external_definition "Duct that collects bile from the bile ductules and connects to the extrahepatic bile duct.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003705
name: meckel's diverticulum
namespace: uberon
def: "a small bulge in the small intestine present at birth. It is a vestigial remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct" [Wikipedia:Meckel's_diverticulum]
comment: AO notes: finding in ncit; GALT in chickens
synonym: "diverticulum of meckel" EXACT [FMA:14967]
synonym: "ileal diverticulum" EXACT [FMA:14967]
synonym: "meckel diverticulum" RELATED [GAID:317]
synonym: "meckel's diverticulum" EXACT [FMA:14967]
synonym: "meckels diverticulum" RELATED [GAID:317]
xref: FMA:14967
xref: GAID:317
xref: MESH:A03.492.411.620.484.612
xref: galen:MeckelsDiverticulum
xref: ncithesaurus:Meckel_Diverticulum
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007105 ! vitelline duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003706
name: vocal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "Either of two pairs of folds of mucous membrane projecting into the larynx." [Medical_Dictionary:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/]
synonym: "Stimmband" RELATED [BTO:0005084]
synonym: "Stimmlippe" RELATED [BTO:0005084]
synonym: "plica vocalis" RELATED [BTO:0005084]
synonym: "true vocal cord" EXACT [FMA:55457]
synonym: "vocal band" RELATED [BTO:0005084]
synonym: "vocal chord" RELATED [BTO:0005084]
synonym: "vocal cord" EXACT [FMA:55457]
synonym: "vocal fold" RELATED [GAID:344]
xref: BTO:0005084
xref: EMAPA:19181
xref: FMA:55457
xref: GAID:344
xref: MESH:A04.329.364.737
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVieepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245504003
xref: UMLS:C0042930
xref: ncithesaurus:Vocal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002486 ! glottis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002486 ! glottis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003707
name: sinus of Valsalva
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta, which occurs just above the aortic valve." [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus]
synonym: "Petit's sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus]
synonym: "Valsalva sinus" RELATED [GAID:472]
synonym: "aortic sinus" RELATED [GAID:472]
synonym: "sinus aorta" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus]
synonym: "sinus aortae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus]
synonym: "sinus of Morgagni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus]
synonym: "sinus of Otto" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus]
xref: EMAPA:18625
xref: FMA:3745
xref: GAID:472
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.056.847
xref: SCTID:277732004
xref: UMLS:C0503361
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Gray497.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sinus_of_Valsava
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010172 ! bulb of aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003708
name: carotid sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the carotid sinus is a localized dilation of the internal carotid artery at its origin, the common carotid artery bifurcation. A synonym for the carotid sinus is the carotid bulb. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Carotid_sinus]
synonym: "sinus caroticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Carotid_sinus]
xref: EMAPA:19320
xref: FMA:50094
xref: GAID:482
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.186.456
xref: SCTID:281137000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray513.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray513.png/200px-Gray513.png
is_a: UBERON:0001530  ! common carotid artery plus branches

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003709
name: circle of Willis
namespace: uberon
def: "a circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain. The Circle of Willis comprises the following arteries: Anterior cerebral artery (left and right); Anterior communicating artery; Internal carotid artery (left and right); Posterior cerebral artery (left and right); Posterior communicating artery (left and right).The basilar artery and middle cerebral arteries, supplying the brain, are also considered part of the circle" [Wikipedia:Circle_of_Willis]
comment: In zebrafish, the circle of vessels comprised of the basal communicating artery (BCA) and posterior communicating segments (PCS) superficially resemble but are not homologous to the human circle of Willis[http://zfish.nichd.nih.gov/zfatlas/Intro%20Page/comparative.html]. Editor note:
synonym: "Willis circle" RELATED [GAID:486]
synonym: "arterial circle" BROAD [Wikipedia:Circle_of_Willis]
synonym: "arterial circle of Willis" EXACT []
synonym: "cerebral arterial circle" RELATED [GAID:486]
synonym: "circulus arteriosus cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Circle_of_Willis]
xref: EHDAA2:0000252
xref: EHDAA:9758
xref: FMA:50454
xref: GAID:486
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.228.351
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwSrCwJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362047009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg/200px-Circle_of_Willis_en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007142 ! left internal carotid artery
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007143 ! right internal carotid artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003710
name: vasa vasorum
namespace: uberon
def: "Nutrient blood vessels which supply the walls of large arteries or veins." [MESH:A07.231.836, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasa_vasorum]
comment: Taxon notes: The aorta of swine contains a vaso vasorum like humans - http://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/pubs/swine/swine.htm#art
xref: FMA:77433
xref: GAID:526
xref: MESH:A07.231.836
xref: SCTID:7524009
xref: UMLS:C0042367
xref: ncithesaurus:Vasa_Vasorum
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003711
name: brachiocephalic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The left and right brachiocephalic veins in the upper chest are formed by the union of each corresponding internal jugular vein and subclavian vein. This is at the level of the sternoclavicular joint. These great vessels merge to form the superior vena cava. The brachiocephalic veins are the major veins returning blood to the superior vena cava." [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein]
synonym: "brachiocephalic venous tree" EXACT [FMA:4723]
synonym: "innomiate vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein]
synonym: "innominate trunk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein]
synonym: "innominate vein" EXACT [FMA:4723, GAID:529, Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein]
synonym: "innominate veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein]
synonym: "vena brachiocephalica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein]
synonym: "vena brachiocephalica, venae anonymCB&" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein]
xref: EHDAA2:0000182
xref: EHDAA:9868
xref: FMA:4723
xref: GAID:529
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.130
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvz3aUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181371003
xref: UMLS:C0006095
xref: galen:BrachiocephalicVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray1174.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Innominate_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007204 ! brachiocephalic vasculature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003712
name: cavernous sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The cavernous sinus (or lateral sellar compartment), within the human head, is a large collection of thin-walled veins creating a cavity bordered by the temporal bone of the skull and the sphenoid bone, lateral to the sella turcica." [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus]
synonym: "cavernous" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus]
synonym: "cavernous sinus syndrome" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus]
synonym: "cavernous sinuses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus]
synonym: "cavernus sinus vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus]
synonym: "parasellar syndrome" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus]
synonym: "sinus cavernosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cavernous_sinus]
xref: EMAPA:19059
xref: FMA:50772
xref: GAID:532
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.224.334
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKAVGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244402005
xref: UMLS:C0007473
xref: ncithesaurus:Cavernous_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0005486  ! venous dural sinus
property_value: external_definition "An irregularly shaped venous space in the dura mater at either side of the sphenoid bone[MESH:A07.231.908.224.334]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003713
name: splenic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the splenic vein (in the past called the lienal vein) is the blood vessel that drains blood from the spleen. It joins with the superior mesenteric vein, to form the hepatic portal vein and follows a course superior to the pancreas, alongside of the similarly named artery, the splenic artery. It collects branches from the stomach and pancreas and most notably from the large intestine, which is drained by the inferior mesenteric vein and joins with splenic vein shortly before it forms the portal vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Splenic_vein]
synonym: "lienal vein" RELATED [MA:0002164, Wikipedia:Splenic_vein]
synonym: "vena lienalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenic_vein]
xref: FMA:14331
xref: GAID:541
xref: MA:0002164
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.670.730
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCt0eZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278029005
xref: UMLS:C0038001
xref: galen:SplenicVein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Bilebladder.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Gray1189.png/200px-Gray1189.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003714
name: neural tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue which consists of neurons, neuroglia and vasculature. Examples: Neural tissue of brain, neural tissue of peripheral ganglion, neural tissue of nerve[FMA]." [FMA:9642]
comment: FMA definition includes vasculature
synonym: "nerve tissue" EXACT [FMA:9642]
synonym: "nervous tissue" EXACT [FMA:9642]
synonym: "portion of neural tissue" EXACT [FMA:9642]
xref: AAO:0000325
xref: AEO:0000123
xref: EHDAA2:0003123
xref: FMA:9642
xref: GAID:609
xref: MESH:A08.561
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rVmfYCsQ_QdeM_bFAeS8NRQ
xref: SCTID:91728009
xref: UMLS:C0027757
xref: ncithesaurus:Nervous_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004755  ! skeletal tissue
property_value: external_definition "One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Cells forming the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003715
name: splanchnic nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "the major nerves supplying sympathetic innervation to the abdomen, including the greater, lesser, and lowest (or smallest) splanchnic nerves that are formed by preganglionic fibers from the spinal cord which pass through the paravertebral ganglia and then to the celiac ganglia and plexuses and the lumbar splanchnic nerves carry fibers which pass through the lumbar paravertebral ganglia to the mesenteric and hypogastric ganglia." [MP:0008318]
xref: FMA:5883
xref: GAID:800
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.800
xref: SCTID:264198001
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003716
name: recurrent laryngeal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A branch of the vagus nerve that supplies motor function and sensation to the larynx (voice box). It travels within the endoneurium. It is the nerve of the 6th Branchial Arch." [Wikipedia:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve]
synonym: "inferior laryngeal nerve" RELATED [GAID:804]
synonym: "nervus laryngeus recurrens" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve]
synonym: "recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "recurrent nerve" BROAD [Wikipedia:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve]
synonym: "vagus X nerve recurrent laryngeal branch" EXACT [VHOG:0001347]
xref: FMA:6246
xref: GAID:804
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.925.450.700
xref: SCTID:24227007
xref: VHOG:0001347
xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray793.png
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003718
name: muscle spindle
namespace: uberon
def: "the sensory organs in muscle that are involved in the stretch reflex." [MP:0004069]
synonym: "muscle stretch receptor" RELATED [GAID:819]
synonym: "neuromuscular spindle" EXACT [FMA:83607, GAID:819]
xref: FMA:83607
xref: GAID:819
xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.500.500
xref: SCTID:12945004
xref: UMLS:C0027871
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Spindle
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003719
name: Pacinian corpuscle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003717
def: "any of the rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors found in subcutaneous tissue beneath both hairy and glabrous skin, and which normally contain an afferent nerve fiber surrounded by a capsule with multiple concentric layers." [MP:0000988, Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle]
comment: AO notes: FMA treats pacinia and G-M as distinct
synonym: "Pacinian corpuscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle]
synonym: "corpuscle of golgi-mazzoni" EXACT [FMA:83609]
synonym: "corpusculum lamellosum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle]
synonym: "golgi mazzoni corpuscle" RELATED [GAID:817]
synonym: "golgi-mazzoni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle]
synonym: "golgi-mazzoni corpuscle" EXACT [FMA:83609]
synonym: "golgi-mazzoni corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle]
synonym: "lamellar corpuscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle]
synonym: "lamellated corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle]
synonym: "pacinian body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle]
synonym: "pacinian corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle]
synonym: "pacinian corpuscle end-organs" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle]
synonym: "pacinian corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle]
synonym: "vater-pacini corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle]
synonym: "vater-pacini corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle]
xref: FMA:83604
xref: FMA:83609
xref: GAID:817
xref: GAID:820
xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.500.300
xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.500.700
xref: NIF_Subcellular:FMA_83604
xref: SCTID:37419002
xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray935.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray935.png/200px-Gray935.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012449  ! mechanoreceptor
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003720
name: anterior cranial fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "The floor of the anterior fossa is formed by the orbital plates of the frontal, the cribriform plate of the ethmoid, and the small wings and front part of the body of the sphenoid; it is limited behind by the posterior borders of the small wings of the sphenoid and by the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove. The lesser wings of the sphenoid separate the anterior and middle fossae." [Wikipedia:Anterior_cranial_fossa]
synonym: "anterior fossa" BROAD []
synonym: "fossa cranii anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_cranial_fossa]
xref: FMA:9682
xref: GAID:83
xref: MESH:A01.456.830.150
xref: UMLS:C0230044
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray193.png/200px-Gray193.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Fossa
is_a: UBERON:0008789  ! cranial fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003721
name: lingual nerve
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:53218
xref: GAID:835
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.760.500.450
xref: SCTID:280260006
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003722
name: middle cranial fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "The compartment containing the anterior extremities and half the inferior surface of the temporal lobes (TEMPORAL LOBE) of the cerebral hemispheres. Lying posterior and inferior to the anterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, ANTERIOR), it is formed by part of the TEMPORAL BONE and SPHENOID BONE. It is separated from the posterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR) by crests formed by the superior borders of the petrous parts of the temporal bones[MESH]. The middle fossa, deeper than the anterior cranial fossa, is narrow medially and widens laterally to the sides of the skull. It is separated from the posterior fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest. It is bounded in front by the posterior margins of the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone, the anterior clinoid processes, and the ridge forming the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove; behind, by the superior angles of the petrous portions of the temporal bones and the dorsum sellC&; laterally by the temporal squamC&, sphenoidal angles of the parietals, and greater wings of the sphenoid. It is traversed by the squamosal, sphenoparietal, sphenosquamosal, and sphenopetrosal sutures[WP]." [MESH:A01.456.830.165, Wikipedia:Middle_cranial_fossa]
synonym: "fossa cranii media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cranial_fossa]
synonym: "middle fossa" BROAD [Wikipedia:Middle_cranial_fossa]
xref: FMA:54369
xref: GAID:84
xref: MESH:A01.456.830.165
xref: UMLS:C0230045
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Fossa
is_a: UBERON:0008789  ! cranial fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003723
name: vestibular nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The vestibular nerve is one of the two branches of the Vestibulocochlear nerve (the cochlear nerve being the other). It goes to the semicircular canals via the vestibular ganglion. It receives positional information. Axons of the vestibular nerve synapse in the vestibular nucleus on the lateral floor and wall of the fourth ventricle in the pons and medulla. It arises from bipolar cells in the vestibular ganglion, ganglion of Scarpa, which is situated in the upper part of the outer end of the internal auditory meatus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nerve]
synonym: "nervus vestibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nerve]
synonym: "scarpa ganglion" RELATED [GAID:840]
synonym: "scarpa's ganglion" RELATED [GAID:840]
synonym: "scarpas ganglion" RELATED [GAID:840]
synonym: "vestibular root of acoustic nerve" EXACT [FMA:53401]
synonym: "vestibular root of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53401]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII nerve vestibular component" EXACT [MA:0001111]
xref: EHDAA2:0002200
xref: EHDAA:3749
xref: EMAPA:17803
xref: FMA:53401
xref: GAID:840
xref: MA:0001111
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.910.900
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvxAWX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362464003
xref: UMLS:C0042598
xref: VHOG:0001181
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg/200px-Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001648 ! vestibulocochlear nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003724
name: musculocutaneous nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The musculocutaneous nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, opposite the lower border of the Pectoralis minor, its fibers being derived from C5, C6, C7. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Musculocutaneous_nerve]
synonym: "casserio's nerve" EXACT [FMA:37064]
synonym: "nervus musculocutaneus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Musculocutaneous_nerve]
xref: FMA:37064
xref: GAID:844
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.050.540
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzp0l5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181019000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif/200px-Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003725
name: cervical plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The cervical plexus is a plexus of the ventral rami of the first four cervical spinal nerves which are located from C1 to C5 cervical segment in the neck. They are located laterally to the transverse processes between prevertebral muscles from the medial side and vertebral from lateral side. Here there is anastomosis with accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve and sympathetic trunk. It is located in the neck, deep to sternocleidomastoid. Nerves formed from the cervical plexus innervate the back of the head, as well as some neck muscles. The branches of the cervical plexus emerge from the posterior triangle at the nerve point, a point which lies midway on the posterior border of the Sternocleidomastoid[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_plexus]
synonym: "cervical nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:5904]
synonym: "cervical plexus" EXACT [FMA:5904]
synonym: "plexus cervicalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5904, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Cervical_plexus]
xref: FMA:5904
xref: GAID:847
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.150
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvkEE3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181107005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Gray784.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Gray784.png/200px-Gray784.png
is_a: UBERON:0001813  ! somatic nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003726
name: thoracic nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The twelve spinal nerves on each side of the thorax. They include eleven INTERCOSTAL NERVES and one subcostal nerve. Both sensory and motor, they supply the muscles and skin of the thoracic and abdominal walls." [MESH:A08.800.800.720.800]
synonym: "pectoral nerve" RELATED [GAID:857]
synonym: "thoracic spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5860]
xref: FMA:5860
xref: GAID:857
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.800
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwSJp_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:360498003
is_a: UBERON:0001780  ! spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003727
name: intercostal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The intercostal nerves are the anterior divisions (rami anteriores; ventral divisions) of the thoracic spinal nerves from T1 to T11. Each nerve is connected with the adjoining ganglion of the sympathetic trunk by a gray and a white ramus communicans. The intercostal nerves are distributed chiefly to the thoracic pleura and abdominal peritoneum and differ from the anterior divisions of the other spinal nerves in that each pursues an independent course without plexus formation. The first two nerves supply fibers to the upper limb in addition to their thoracic branches; the next four are limited in their distribution to the parietes of the thorax; the lower five supply the parietes of the thorax and abdomen. The 7th intercostal nerve terminates at the xyphoid process, at the lower end of the sternum. The 10th intercostal nerve terminates at the umbilicus. The twelfth thoracic is distributed to the abdominal wall and groin. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intercostal_nerves]
synonym: "anterior ramus of thoracic nerve" EXACT [FMA:6028]
synonym: "anterior ramus of thoracic spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:6028]
synonym: "nervi intercostales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intercostal_nerves]
synonym: "ramus anterior, nervus thoracicus" EXACT [FMA:6028]
synonym: "thoracic anterior ramus" EXACT [FMA:6028]
synonym: "ventral ramus of thoracic spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:6028]
xref: EMAPA:18227
xref: FMA:6028
xref: GAID:858
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.800.350
xref: SCTID:279568001
xref: UMLS:C1285089
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray819.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gray819.png/200px-Gray819.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Intercostal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001780  ! spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003728
name: mediastinum
namespace: uberon
def: "The mediastinum is a non-delineated group of structures in the thorax, surrounded by loose connective tissue. It is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity. It contains the heart, the great vessels of the heart, esophagus, trachea, phrenic nerve, cardiac nerve, thoracic duct, thymus, and lymph nodes of the central chest. The mediastinum lies between the right and left pleura in and near the median sagittal plane of the chest. It extends from the sternum in front to the vertebral column behind, and contains all the thoracic viscera except the lungs. It may be divided for purposes of description into two parts:an upper portion, above the upper level of the pericardium, which is named the superior mediastinum with its superior limit at the superior thoracic opening and its inferior limit at the plane from the sternal angle to the disc of T4-T5 (Plane of Ludwig at Angle of Louis); and a lower portion, below the upper level of the pericardium. This lower portion is again subdivided into three parts, viz. that in front of the pericardium, the anterior mediastinum; that containing the pericardium and its contents, the middle mediastinum; and that behind the pericardium, the posterior mediastinum. It is surrounded by the chest wall anteriorly, the lungs laterally and the spine posteriorly. It is continuous with the loose connective tissue of the neck, and extends inferiorly onto the diaphragm." [Wikipedia:Mediastinum]
synonym: "mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9826]
xref: EFO:0003057
xref: FMA:9826
xref: GAID:94
xref: MESH:A01.911.800.500
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2OKJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181217005
xref: UMLS:C0025066
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Mediastinum.png/200px-Mediastinum.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mediastinum
is_a: UBERON:0002224  ! thoracic cavity
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mediastinal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003729
name: mouth mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "the mucous membrane epithelium of the mouth. It can be divided into three categories: masticatory, lining, and specialized." [Wikipedia:Oral_mucosa]
comment: Usage notes: this is defined as any mucous membrane of the mouth - including palate, lips, uvula, etc. ncit split mouth/oral mucosa into lip and buccal. In future we may split into masticatory/keratinized (gingiva + hard palate) vs lining/non-keratinized (lips, cheeks, floor of mouth, soft palate). FMA distinguishes between mucosa of mouth and region of mouth (the latter including the buccal mucosa)
synonym: "buccal mucosa" RELATED [GAID:951]
synonym: "mouth mucosa" EXACT [FMA:59660]
synonym: "mouth mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "mouth organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "mucosa of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "mucosal lining of mouth" RELATED [MA:0002794]
synonym: "mucous membrane of mouth" EXACT [FMA:59660]
synonym: "oral mucosa" RELATED [GAID:951]
synonym: "oral mucous membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "oral part of viscerocranial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:59660]
synonym: "tunica mucosa oris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59660, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Oral_mucosa]
xref: BTO:0002860
xref: FMA:59660
xref: GAID:951
xref: MA:0002794
xref: MESH:A10.615.550.599
xref: UMLS:C0026639
xref: ncithesaurus:Oral_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000355 ! pharyngeal mucosa
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001458 ! skin of lip
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003820
name: prostate bud
namespace: uberon
def: "A region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium destined to become the prostate[GO]." [GO:0060513]
comment: AR activation releases instructive signals from UGM that acts on UGS epithelium (UGE) to stimulate cell proliferation, form prostate ductal progenitors (prostatic buds), and regulate cell adhesion dynamics to permit prostatic bud outgrowth. There are three phases of prostatic budding: (1) the specification phase, when instructive developmental cues define where buds will form in the UGS, (2) the initiation phase, when prostatic buds begin to form, and (3) the elongation phase, when proliferation, cell adhesion, and cell migration coordinate outgrowth of prostatic buds into UGM. Timing of prostatic bud formation and the quantity and pattern of buds that are formed in the UGS are strictly regulated [3, 4]. The position of prostatic buds as they emerge from the UGS in utero determines the arrangement of prostate ducts in adulthood.[PMID:18977204]
synonym: "prostate ductal progenitor" EXACT [PMID:18977204]
synonym: "prostatic bud" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005153  ! epithelial bud
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009847 ! prostate field
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003821
name: metapodium bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone of the metapodial skeleton" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "metacarpal or metatarsal bone" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal bone" EXACT [MA:0000301]
synonym: "metapodi bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "metapodial bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "metapodium bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/metapodial]
xref: MA:0000301
is_a: UBERON:0003606  ! limb long bone
is_a: UBERON:0012357  ! digitopodium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010546 ! metapodial skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003822
name: forelimb stylopod
namespace: uberon
def: "A stylopod that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: WP states: anatomical usage, the term arm refers specifically to the segment between the shoulder and the elbow, while the segment between the elbow and wrist is the forearm. However, in common, literary, and historical usage, arm refers to the entire upper limb from shoulder to wrist. FMA uses the term Arm for this class, so we place it here. // comment: todo - check fore propodium in AAO // Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group.  TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here
synonym: "arm" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:24890]
synonym: "brachial region" EXACT []
synonym: "brachium" EXACT [VSAO:0005057]
synonym: "fore propodium" EXACT [AAO:0000199]
synonym: "forelimb propodium" EXACT []
synonym: "forelimb stylopodial element" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "forelimb stylopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT []
synonym: "regio brachialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24890, FMA:TA]
synonym: "stylopod of arm" EXACT []
synonym: "stylopod of forelimb" EXACT []
synonym: "upper arm" EXACT [MA:0000035]
synonym: "wing stylopod" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000199
xref: EHDAA2:0002112
xref: EHDAA:4186
xref: EHDAA:6234
xref: EMAPA:17424
xref: FMA:24890
xref: MA:0000035
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.075
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj0Z5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:302538001
xref: UMLS:C0446516
xref: VHOG:0000343
xref: VSAO:0005057
xref: galen:Arm
xref: ncithesaurus:Arm
is_a: UBERON:0002472  ! stylopod
is_a: UBERON:0008785  ! upper limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002472  ! stylopod
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
property_value: external_definition "Segment of the hindleg corresponding to the humerus.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003823
name: hindlimb zeugopod
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle limb segment of the pelvic free limb, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the hindlimb zeugopodial skeleton, which includes as parts the tibia and fibula, or their cartilage precursors, or evolutionary variants." [PHENOSCAPE:curators, Wikipedia:Forearm]
comment: note that FMA:24979 denotes the middle segment (zeugopod), its placement here is correct. See obo-anatomy archives for discussion // Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group.  TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here
synonym: "calf" NARROW []
synonym: "calf of leg" EXACT [FMA:24984]
synonym: "crus" EXACT [VSAO:0005060]
synonym: "crus of hindlimb" EXACT []
synonym: "hind epipodium" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb zeudopodium" EXACT [VHOG:0000348]
synonym: "hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb epipodium" EXACT []
synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeudopodium" EXACT [VHOG:0000348]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zygopod" EXACT []
synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24979]
synonym: "leg" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:24979, MESH:A01.378.610.500]
synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower leg" EXACT []
synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "posterior curral region" EXACT [FMA:24984]
synonym: "posterior leg region" EXACT [FMA:24984]
synonym: "posterior part of leg" EXACT [FMA:24984]
synonym: "posterior region of leg" EXACT [FMA:24984]
synonym: "regio cruris posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24984, FMA:TA]
synonym: "regio surae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24984, FMA:TA]
synonym: "shank" EXACT [VSAO:0005060]
synonym: "sura" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24984, FMA:TA]
synonym: "sural region" EXACT [FMA:24984]
synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003051
xref: EHDAA2:0001030
xref: EHDAA:5165
xref: EHDAA:6190
xref: EMAPA:17496
xref: FMA:24979
xref: FMA:24984
xref: MA:0000051
xref: MESH:A01.378.610.500
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvczZBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:244015008
xref: UMLS:C1140621
xref: VHOG:0000348
xref: VSAO:0005060
xref: galen:Leg
xref: ncithesaurus:Leg
is_a: UBERON:0002471  ! zeugopod
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002471  ! zeugopod
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
property_value: has_relational_adjective "sural" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003824
name: nerve of thoracic segment
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thoracic segment nerve" EXACT [MA:0000562]
synonym: "thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper body nerve" RELATED [MA:0000562]
xref: MA:0000562
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.800
xref: SCTID:359876006
is_a: UBERON:0003439  ! nerve of trunk region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003825
name: nerve of abdominal segment
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal segment nerve" EXACT [MA:0000528]
xref: MA:0000528
is_a: UBERON:0003439  ! nerve of trunk region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003826
name: upper leg bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000682
is_a: UBERON:0005893  ! leg bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003827
name: thoracic segment bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper body bone" RELATED [MA:0000559]
xref: MA:0000559
xref: SCTID:426649006
is_a: UBERON:0003463  ! trunk bone
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003828
name: abdominal segment bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000525
is_a: UBERON:0003463  ! trunk bone
is_a: UBERON:0005173  ! abdominal segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003829
name: urethra muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: FMA class may not be equivalent
synonym: "muscle layer of urethra" RELATED [FMA:76909]
synonym: "muscle organ of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscular coat of urethra" EXACT [FMA:76909]
synonym: "muscular layer of urethra" EXACT [FMA:76909]
synonym: "urethra muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethral muscle layer" RELATED [MA:0002649]
xref: FMA:76909
xref: MA:0002649
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003830
name: thoracic segment muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper body muscle" RELATED [MA:0000561]
xref: MA:0000561
is_a: UBERON:0001774  ! muscle of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003831
name: respiratory system muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001828
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003832
name: esophagus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: merge muscle and muscle layer?
synonym: "esophageal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "esophagus muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002682
xref: SCTID:360961009
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003833
name: abdominal segment muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle organ of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000527
is_a: UBERON:0001774  ! muscle of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0005173  ! abdominal segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003834
name: thoracic segment blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper body blood vessel" RELATED [MA:0000558]
xref: MA:0000558
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003835
name: abdominal segment blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000524
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003836
name: abdominal segment skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A skin of body that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000530
is_a: UBERON:0001085  ! skin of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003837
name: thoracic segment connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper body connective tissue" RELATED [MA:0000560]
xref: MA:0000560
is_a: UBERON:0003586  ! trunk connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003838
name: abdominal segment connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000526
is_a: UBERON:0003586  ! trunk connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003839
name: forelimb joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb joint that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anteriormost limb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anteriormost limb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior member joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior member limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wing joint" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19204
xref: MA:0000614
is_a: UBERON:0003657  ! limb joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003840
name: hindlimb joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb joint that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of lower limb" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "limb joint of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000662
xref: SCTID:304573000
is_a: UBERON:0003657  ! limb joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003841
name: autopod joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb joint that is part of an autopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "autopod limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal free limb segment limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of limb of distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb joint of distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "paw joint" RELATED [MA:0002715]
xref: MA:0002715
is_a: UBERON:0003657  ! limb joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003842
name: neural tube lumen
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005713
def: "An anatomical space that surrounded_by a neural tube." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "cavity of neural tube" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lumen of neural tube" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "neural lumen" RELATED [EHDAA:2889]
synonym: "neural tube neural lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001269]
synonym: "neurocoel" RELATED [VHOG:0001119]
xref: AAO:0011073
xref: EHDAA2:0001269
xref: EHDAA:2889
xref: EHDAA:914
xref: EMAPA:16167
xref: EMAPA:16533
xref: VHOG:0001119
xref: XAO:0000252
is_a: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
property_value: homology_notes "(...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003843
name: dental epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium that is part of a developing tooth or dental organ." [ZFA:0005134, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3556489&group_id=76834&atid=994726]
comment: Editor notes: see comments for dentail organ. Development notes: In the developing molar dentition of the mouse, tooth inductive po- tential resides in the dental epithelium until embryonic day (E)12.5 (3). Thereafter, tooth inductive potential shifts to neural crest-derived dental mesenchyme, which acquires the ability to direct tooth formation in nonodontogenic tissues (3, 4)[PMID:10954731]. Editor notes: todo - full developmental relationships
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dental epithelia" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005134]
synonym: "dental epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005134]
synonym: "odontogenic epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "tooth epithelium" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011027
xref: BTO:0001723
xref: TAO:0005134
xref: UMLS:C1709309
xref: VHOG:0001443
xref: XAO:0003203
xref: ZFA:0005134
xref: ncithesaurus:Odontogenic_Epithelial_Remnants
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003844
name: upper eyelid epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a upper eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of superior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of upper eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of superior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of upper eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior eyelid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior eyelid epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper eyelid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002116
xref: EMAPA:17835
xref: VHOG:0000638
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003845
name: lower eyelid epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of inferior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of inferior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of lower eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior eyelid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior eyelid epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower eyelid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001016
xref: EMAPA:17832
xref: VHOG:0000637
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003846
name: thymus epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "the supporting framework of the thymus." [MP:0009544]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymic epithelial tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "thymic epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0001836]
synonym: "thymus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001836
xref: EHDAA2:0002019
xref: MA:0000768
xref: UMLS:C1711423
xref: VHOG:0001426
xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Epithelial_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003847
name: thyroid artery
namespace: uberon
xref: AAO:0010490
xref: EHDAA2:0002029
xref: EHDAA:7372
xref: EMAPA:18622
xref: MA:0002066
xref: UMLS:C1711424
xref: VHOG:0001366
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of external carotid (AAO:0010218)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the thyroid gland.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003848
name: gonadal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "In medicine, gonadal vein refers to the blood vessel that carrying blood away from the gonad (testis, ovary) toward the heart. Females : ovarian vein Males : testicular vein [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gonadal_vein]
synonym: "gonad vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000719
xref: EHDAA:8703
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlWYh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278192008
xref: VHOG:0001340
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Gray1120.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gray1120.png/200px-Gray1120.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000991 ! gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000991 ! gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003849
name: mesencephalic neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a midbrain." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "mesencephalic neural crest" EXACT [ZFA:0000935]
synonym: "neural crest midbrain" EXACT [ZFA:0000935]
xref: EFO:0003591
xref: EHDAA2:0001101
xref: EHDAA:360
xref: TAO:0000935
xref: VHOG:0000796
xref: ZFA:0000935
is_a: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0003099  ! cranial neural crest
relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003850
name: telencephalon neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a telencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "neural crest telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000812]
xref: EFO:0003574
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001991
xref: TAO:0000812
xref: VHOG:0000799
xref: ZFA:0000812
is_a: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Cranial neural crest that is part of the telencephalon.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003851
name: diencephalon neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalic neural crest" EXACT [ZFA:0000811]
synonym: "future diencephalon neural crest" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000603]
synonym: "neural crest diencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000811]
synonym: "neural crest of future diencephalon" EXACT [EMAPA:16518]
xref: EFO:0003573
xref: EHDAA2:0000603
xref: EMAPA:16518
xref: TAO:0000811
xref: VHOG:0000798
xref: ZFA:0000811
is_a: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003852
name: rhombencephalon neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a hindbrain." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "neural crest hindbrain" EXACT [ZFA:0007063]
synonym: "rhombencephalic neural crest" EXACT [ZFA:0007063]
xref: EHDAA2:0001628
xref: EHDAA:362
xref: TAO:0007063
xref: VHOG:0001210
xref: ZFA:0007063
is_a: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: external_definition "Cranial neural crest that is part of the hindbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003853
name: spinal cord neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neural crest spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0001006]
synonym: "spinal neural crest" RELATED [VHOG:0001006]
xref: EHDAA:696
xref: EMAPA:16094
xref: EMAPA:16163
xref: EMAPA:16529
xref: EMAPA:16881
xref: VHOG:0001006
is_a: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0002342  ! neural crest
intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...)[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003854
name: spinal cord neural plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural plate that develops_from a future spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neural plate of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0007021
xref: VHOG:0000439
xref: ZFA:0007021
is_a: UBERON:0003075  ! neural plate
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0003075  ! neural plate
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord
property_value: external_definition "Neural plate that is part of the spinal cord. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...)[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003855
name: gonad mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a gonad [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonada mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:5012
xref: EMAPA:16858
xref: EMAPA:17385
xref: VHOG:0001090
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003856
name: odontogenic mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that gives rise to an odontogenic papilla." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor notes: we follow ZFA in introducing an additional distinction between the dental papilla and the (uncondensed) mesenchyme. Note that in some species such as zebrafish teeth are not part of the mouth, and sharks have dermal denticles which share similar developmental origins with teeth. For now we assume a NC origin for all and add a taxon restriction to 1st arch mesenchyme
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dental mesenchyme" EXACT [ZFA:0005139]
synonym: "dental organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "enamel organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tooth enamel organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tooth mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0005139
xref: VHOG_RETIRED:0001444
xref: ZFA:0005139
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ
property_value: external_definition "Mesenchyme enclosed by dental organ.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003857
name: upper eyelid mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a upper eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of superior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of upper eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior eyelid mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002117
xref: EHDAA:9051
xref: VHOG:0001093
is_a: UBERON:0010330  ! eyelid mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003314 ! eye mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003858
name: lower eyelid mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a lower eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior eyelid mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of inferior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of lower eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001017
xref: EHDAA:9045
xref: VHOG:0001036
is_a: UBERON:0010330  ! eyelid mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003859
name: forelimb mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anteriormost limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior member mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper extremity mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wing mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: VHOG:0001109
is_a: UBERON:0009749  ! limb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003860
name: hindlimb mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: VHOG:0001074
is_a: UBERON:0009749  ! limb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003861
name: neural arch
namespace: uberon
def: "posterior part of a vertebra that consists of a pair of pedicles and a pair of laminae, and supports seven processes: four articular processes, two transverse processes one spinous process[WP]. ZFA: A neural arch encloses the neural canal and typically meets its partner to form a neural spine. The neural arch can be a replacement ossification of the basidorsal cartilage or can form directly in membrane bone." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_arch]
comment: Taxon notes: tiny neural arches present in Hagfish (which lack a true vertebraal column).
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arcus vertebra" EXACT [Wikipedia:Vertebral_arch]
synonym: "arcus vertebrae" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Vertebral_arch]
synonym: "arcus vertebrae (vertebralis)" EXACT [FMA:11946]
synonym: "dorsal arcocentrum" EXACT [ZFA:0001066]
synonym: "vertebra dorsal arch" RELATED [MA:0001453]
synonym: "vertebra neural arch" BROAD SENSU [MA:0001453]
xref: AAO:0000725
xref: EFO:0003618
xref: FMA:11946
xref: MA:0001453
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKYHvZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:317373001
xref: TAO:0001066
xref: UMLS:C0223076
xref: VHOG:0001670
xref: ZFA:0001066
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray82.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray82.png/200px-Gray82.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Arch_of_the_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0010358  ! arch of centrum of vertebra
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006063 ! cartilaginous neural arch
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from basidorsal (TAO:0001060)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A neural arch encloses the neural canal and typically meets its partner to form a neural spine. The neural arch can be a replacement ossification of the basidorsal cartilage or can form directly in membrane bone.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Bony arch perched on the vertebral centrum; successive arches enclose the neural canal that surrounds and protects the spinal cord dorsally.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) certain common components [of vertebral structure] are found in nearly all vertebrate. A representative vertebra has a vertebral arch or neural arch, which extends dorsally around the spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003862
name: pedal digit 4 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001384, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "fourth toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32901]
synonym: "hind limb digit 4 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:32901]
xref: EMAPA:19130
xref: FMA:32901
xref: MA:0001384
xref: SCTID:361804008
xref: UMLS:C1708086
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_4_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001449  ! phalanx of pes
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010683 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003863
name: pedal digit 5 phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 phalanx" EXACT SENSU [MA:0001385, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 5 phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "little toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32902]
synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32902]
synonym: "phalanx of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:32902]
synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "phalanx of little toe" EXACT [FMA:32902]
xref: EMAPA:19132
xref: FMA:32902
xref: MA:0001385
xref: SCTID:361806005
xref: UMLS:C1708088
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_5_Phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0001449  ! phalanx of pes
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010684 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003864
name: middle phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand middle phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001394]
synonym: "middle manual phalanx" EXACT []
synonym: "middle phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:75817]
synonym: "middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [MA:0001394]
synonym: "middle phalanx of manual digit" EXACT []
xref: FMA:75817
xref: MA:0001394
xref: SCTID:113223004
xref: SCTID:371230003
xref: UMLS:C0223828
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Phalanx_of_the_Hand
is_a: UBERON:0001436  ! phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003865
name: distal phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This is typically proximally connected to the middle phalanx of manus, except in some cases such as the human thumb, where it connects to the proximal phalanx. It always connects to some phalanx, by definition
synonym: "distal manual phalanx" EXACT []
synonym: "distal phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:75818]
synonym: "distal phalanx of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "distal phalanx of manual digit" EXACT []
synonym: "hand distal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001388]
synonym: "terminal phalanx of hand" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "ungual phalanx of hand" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679]
xref: FMA:75818
xref: MA:0001388
xref: SCTID:182001007
xref: SCTID:361782004
xref: UMLS:C1269782
xref: ncithesaurus:Distal_Phalanx_of_Hand
is_a: UBERON:0001436  ! phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009552 ! distal segment of manual digit
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003866
name: middle phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot middle phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001386]
synonym: "middle pedal phalanx" EXACT []
synonym: "middle phalanx of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "middle phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:75829]
xref: FMA:75829
xref: MA:0001386
xref: SCTID:83207005
is_a: UBERON:0001449  ! phalanx of pes
is_a: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003867
name: distal phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This is typically proximally connected to the middle phalanx of pes, except in some cases such as the human big toe, where it connects to the proximal phalanx. It always connects to some phalanx, by definition
synonym: "distal pedal phalanx" EXACT []
synonym: "distal phalanx of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "distal phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:75830]
synonym: "foot distal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001380]
synonym: "terminal phalanx of foot" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "terminal phalanx of hindlimb" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "ungual phalanx of foot" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679]
synonym: "ungual phalanx of hindlimb" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679]
xref: FMA:75830
xref: MA:0001380
xref: SCTID:361797001
xref: UMLS:C0224026
xref: ncithesaurus:Distal_Phalanx_of_Foot
is_a: UBERON:0001449  ! phalanx of pes
is_a: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009553 ! distal segment of pedal digit
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003868
name: proximal phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot proximal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001387]
synonym: "proximal pedal phalanx" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal phalanx of hind digit" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal phalanx of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:75828]
xref: FMA:75828
xref: MA:0001387
xref: SCTID:85533000
xref: UMLS:C0224020
xref: ncithesaurus:Proximal_Phalanx_of_Foot
is_a: UBERON:0001449  ! phalanx of pes
is_a: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003869
name: presumptive ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a ganglion." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003874
name: obsolete presumptive ventricle
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003886
name: body cavity precursor
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that develops_into a coelemic cavity lumen." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: located_in UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003887
name: intraembryonic coelom
namespace: uberon
def: "In the development of the human embryo the intraembryonic coelom (or somatic coelom) is a portion of the conceptus forming in the mesoderm. During the second week of development, the lateral mesoderm splits into a dorsal somatic mesoderm (somatopleure) and a ventral splanchnic mesoderm (splanchnopleure). The resulting cavity between the somatopleure and splanchnopleure is called the intraembryonic coelom. This space will give rise to the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It briefly has a connection with the extraembryonic coelom[WP]." [Wikipedia:Intraembryonic_coelom]
comment: Editor notes: consider merging with coelom. TODO - add spatial relationships to halves of LPM. Note the OG places XAO and ZFA coelem terms here. Todo: check ZFA, which appears to be a structure present in adults
synonym: "somatic coelom" EXACT [Wikipedia:Intraembryonic_coelom]
xref: EHDAA:251
xref: EMAPA:16088
xref: UMLS:C1512940
xref: VHOG:0000316
xref: ncithesaurus:Intraembryonic_Coelom
is_a: UBERON:0003886  ! body cavity precursor
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm
property_value: homology_notes " (...) I regard it unlikely that coeloms of all bilaterian animals are comparable and evolved very early. Considering all these questions, few convincing characters concerning the evolution of body cavities remain to be named. (...) A segmental coelom appears to have evolved at least two times, in Annelida and in Myomerata (Acrania and Craniota).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003888
name: extraembryonic coelom
namespace: uberon
def: "cavity between Heuser's membrane and the Trophoblast[WP]." [Wikipedia:Extraembryonic_coelom]
synonym: "chorion cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000246]
synonym: "chorionic cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000246]
synonym: "exocoelomic cavity" EXACT [VHOG:0001671]
synonym: "exocoelomic cavity " RELATED [VHOG:0001671]
synonym: "extraembryonic celom" EXACT [FMA:63943]
synonym: "extraembryonic coelomic cavity" RELATED [VHOG:0001671]
xref: EHDAA2:0000246
xref: EHDAA:146
xref: EMAPA:16081
xref: FMA:63943
xref: SCTID:362843009
xref: UMLS:C1517055
xref: VHOG:0001671
xref: ncithesaurus:Extraembryonic_Coelom
is_a: UBERON:0003886  ! body cavity precursor
relationship: located_in UBERON:0012466 ! extraembryonic cavities

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003890
name: Mullerian duct
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005318
def: "paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin[WP]. develops either by lengthwise splitting of the archinephric duct (in chondrichthyans and some amphibians) or by a elongated invagination of the coelomic epithelium (other vertebrates) In males, the oviducts regress. The cranial end of the oviduct maintains an opening into the coelom (which primitively may have been the anteriormost coelomic funnels connecting the nephrocoel with the coelom). This opening is the ostium tubae[USM]." [GO:0061205, Wikipedia:Paramesonephric_duct, http://www.usm.maine.edu/bio/courses/bio205/bio205_26_sex.html]
comment: Development notes: Sertoli cells secrete anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) inducing the demise of this duct
synonym: "MC<llerian duct" EXACT []
synonym: "Muellerian duct" EXACT []
synonym: "ductus paramesonephricus" EXACT []
synonym: "early paramesonephric duct" NARROW [EHDAA2:0004048]
synonym: "paramesonephric duct" EXACT [EMAPA:27665]
xref: AAO:0010141
xref: EHDAA2:0004048
xref: EMAPA:27665
xref: GAID:1309
xref: MESH:A16.254.570
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001399
xref: SCTID:308802006
xref: UMLS:C0026732
xref: VHOG:0001199
xref: XAO:0000330
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gray1109.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gray1109.png/200px-Gray1109.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Mullerian_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "Either of the paired embryonic ducts developing into the uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina in the female and becoming largely obliterated in the male. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Transient developmental organ which gives rise to oviducts in female (documented to persist in some male frogs).[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In females, the archinephric (mesonephric) ducts tend to function only within the urinary systems. The muellerian duct arises embryologically next to the archinephric (wolffian) duct. In males, the muellerian duct regresses if it appears at all, but in females, the muellerian ducts become the oviducts of the reproductive system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003891
name: stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "Connective, non-functional supportive framework of a biological cell, tissue, or organ. Contrast with parenchyma." [Wikipedia:Stroma_of_ovary_%28animal_tissue%29]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: FMA:81494
xref: UMLS:C0927195
xref: ncithesaurus:Stroma_Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
property_value: has_relational_adjective "stromal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003893
name: capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "a cover or envelope partly or wholly surrounding a structure. Examples: egg shell, articular capsules, renal capsules[WP]." [Wikipedia:Capsule_(anatomy)]
comment: see also: protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi. Note that FMA has classes such as Articular capsule that are not subtypes of Capsule (which is undefined in FMA). GO has 'capsule' which is a fungal structure, and 'external encapsulating structure' which is restricted to cells
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: EHDAA:4739
xref: EHDAA:9061
xref: FMA:85272
xref: galen:Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure
property_value: has_relational_adjective "capsular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003894
name: liver primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "A small endodermal thickening in the foregut adjacent to the transverse septum. Invaginates forming the hepatic diverticulum." [ISBN:3211492755]
comment: Editor's note: consider adding further subdivisions of the endoderm, e.g. ventral foregut. Note we place two EFO classes here, it's not clear how they differ
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "embryological hepatic plate" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "hepatic plate" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000744]
synonym: "liver bud" RELATED INCONSISTENT [XAO:0003266, ZFA:0000124]
synonym: "liver endoderm" RELATED [EFO:0002577]
synonym: "primordium of the liver" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Primordium_of_the_Liver]
xref: AAO:0011058
xref: BTO:0003391
xref: EFO:0002577
xref: EFO:0003428
xref: EHDAA2:0000744
xref: EHDAA:973
xref: EMAPA:16847
xref: TAO:0000124
xref: UMLS:C0734013
xref: UMLS:C1514451
xref: XAO:0003266
xref: ZFA:0000124
xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Cord
xref: ncithesaurus:Primordium_of_the_Liver
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
is_a: UBERON:0009497  ! epithelium of foregut-midgut junction
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002107 ! liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009550 ! endoderm of foregut-midgut junction
intersection_of: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002107 ! liver
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005452  ! hepatic lamina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003895
name: hypaxial myotome region
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of myotome that is ventral to the horizontal septum" [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "body wall muscle" RELATED [XAO:0003228]
synonym: "hypaxial myotome region" EXACT [ZFA:0001085]
xref: TAO:0001085
xref: ZFA:0001085
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003082 ! myotome

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003896
name: obsolete muscle of body wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a body wall [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0004462  ! musculature of body wall
comment: obsoleted as it grouped together a worm-specific structure (BTO) with the vertebrate structure (which develops from the myotome)
synonym: "wall muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001863]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003897
name: axial muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal muscle of the trunk or head." []
xref: EHDAA2:0000159
xref: EHDAA:5982
xref: EMAPA:18166
xref: EMAPA:18167
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000160
xref: TAO:0001954
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
union_of: UBERON:0003898  ! skeletal muscle of trunk
union_of: UBERON:0003899  ! skeletal muscle of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003898
name: skeletal muscle of trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal muscle of the trunk." []
synonym: "skeletal muscle of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "torso skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: SCTID:244848007
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004479 ! musculature of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003899
name: skeletal muscle of head
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal muscle of the head." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: defined generically so could in theory encompass FBbt:00003260 'skeletal muscle of head'
synonym: "adult head skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult head skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: SCTID:244718003
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004461 ! musculature of head
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003900
name: epaxial myotome region
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of myotome that is dorsal to the horizontal septum" [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "epaxial myotome regions" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001084]
xref: TAO:0001084
xref: ZFA:0001084
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003082 ! myotome

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003901
name: horizontal septum
namespace: uberon
def: "A logitudinal sheet of continuous connective tissue partition developing at the apex of the chevron-shaped myotome and separating dorsal (epaxial) and ventral (hypaxial) body wall muscle masses; each is destined to become, respectively, the epaxial and hyopaxial musculature." [ISBN10:0073040584, ZFA:0000671]
synonym: "horizontal myoseptum" EXACT [ZFA:0000671]
xref: EFO:0003555
xref: TAO:0000671
xref: ZFA:0000671
is_a: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003895 ! hypaxial myotome region
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003900 ! epaxial myotome region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass myoseptum (TAO:0001089)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A connective tissue partition developing at the apex of the chevron-shaped myotome and separating dorsal (epaxial) and ventral (hypaxial) body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003902
name: retinal neural layer
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells[GO]." [GO:0003407]
comment: editor note - we follow ontologies such as FMA and ZFA in first dividing into pigmented and neural layers; the neural layers are further divided into 9 layers. Note that in MA this class is a leaf node.
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "neural layer of retina" EXACT [FMA:58628]
synonym: "neural retina" EXACT [XAO:0003216, ZFA:0000046]
synonym: "neural retinal epithelium" RELATED [MA:000027]
synonym: "neuroretina" EXACT [ZFA:0000046]
synonym: "stratum nervosum (retina)" EXACT [FMA:58628]
xref: AAO:0011095
xref: BTO:0000929
xref: EHDAA2:0001253
xref: EHDAA:4763
xref: EMAPA:17171
xref: EMAPA:18590
xref: FMA:58628
xref: MA:0000277
xref: TAO:0000046
xref: UMLS:C1518263
xref: VHOG:0000535
xref: XAO:0003216
xref: ZFA:0000046
xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Retina
is_a: UBERON:0001781  ! layer of retina
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005425 ! presumptive neural retina
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001781  ! layer of retina
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0005425 ! presumptive neural retina
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003903
name: bursa of Fabricius
namespace: uberon
def: "an epithelial and lymphoid organ that develops as a dorsal diverticulum of the proctodeal region of the cloaca in birds. The luminal (interior) surface of the bursa is plicated with as many as 15 primary and 7 secondary plicae or folds. These plicae have hundreds of bursal follicles containing follicle-associated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. Lymphoid stem cells migrate from the fetal liver to the bursa during ontogeny. In the bursa, these stem cells acquire the characteristics of mature, immunocompetent B cells[WP]. The bursa is an organ found in birds involved in B cell differentiation[GO]." [GO:0048540, Wikipedia:Bursa_of_Fabricius]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: BTO:0001699
xref: GAID:1205
xref: MESH:A13.163
xref: SCTID:86689007
is_a: UBERON:0004177  ! hemopoietic organ
is_a: UBERON:0011510  ! cloacal bursa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003904
name: bursal plica
namespace: uberon
def: "Follicle containing part of bursa of Fabricius. The luminal (interior) surface of the bursa is plicated with as many as 15 primary and 7 secondary plicae or folds. These plicae have hundreds of bursal follicles containing follicle-associated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. Lymphoid stem cells migrate from the fetal liver to the bursa during ontogeny. In the bursa, these stem cells acquire the characteristics of mature, immunocompetent B cells[WP]." [GOC:cjm]
synonym: "bursal fold" EXACT []
synonym: "bursal plicae" EXACT PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003903 ! bursa of Fabricius

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003905
name: bursal follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Follicle within the plicae of bursa of Fabricius." [GOC:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003904 ! bursal plica

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003906
name: cardiac jelly
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of extracellular matrix between the myocardium and the endocardium. The cardiac jelly plays a central role in the septation of the heart and comprises most of the thickness of the heart wall at early stages, but disappears as the heart differentiates." [ZFA:0001318]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "heart cardiac jelly" EXACT [VHOG:0000936]
xref: EHDAA:1271
xref: EHDAA:1279
xref: EHDAA:1922
xref: EHDAA:1930
xref: EHDAA:426
xref: EHDAA:442
xref: EHDAA:450
xref: EHDAA:458
xref: EHDAA:466
xref: EHDAA:474
xref: EHDAA:772
xref: EHDAA:780
xref: EHDAA:788
xref: EHDAA:800
xref: EHDAA:808
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000212
xref: TAO:0001318
xref: UMLS:C1516293
xref: VHOG:0000936
xref: XAO:0004120
xref: ZFA:0001318
xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Jelly
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium
property_value: external_definition "The extracellular matrix between the myocardium and the endocardium. The cardiac jelly plays a central role in the septation of the heart and comprises most of the thickness of the heart wall at early stages, but disappears as the heart differentiates.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003907
name: left atrioventricular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "An atrioventricular canal that is in the left side of a atrioventricular region." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: EHDAA2 represents lumen
synonym: "left AVC" EXACT []
synonym: "left atrio-ventricular canal" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000935]
xref: EHDAA2:0000935
xref: EHDAA:5336
xref: FMA:71123
is_a: UBERON:0002087  ! atrioventricular canal
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002087  ! atrioventricular canal
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003908
name: right atrioventricular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "An atrioventricular canal that is in the right side of a atrioventricular region." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: EHDAA2 represents lumen
synonym: "right AVC" EXACT []
synonym: "right atrio-ventricular canal" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001719]
xref: EHDAA2:0001719
xref: EHDAA:5338
xref: FMA:71122
is_a: UBERON:0002087  ! atrioventricular canal
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002087  ! atrioventricular canal
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003909
name: sinusoid
namespace: uberon
def: "small blood vessel similar to a capillary but with a fenestrated endothelium. Sinusoids are found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematopoietic organs such as the bone marrow and the spleen. Sinusoids found within terminal villi of the placenta are not comparable to these; they possess a continuous endothelium and complete basal lamina[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sinusoid_(blood_vessel)]
comment: AO notes - some sources give discontinuous capillary as synonym but this may be a subtype - see FMA:63198 discontinuous sinusoid (undefined).
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "endothelium of irregular blood filled space" RELATED []
synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel" EXACT []
synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel endothelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005261]
synonym: "sinusoidal capillary" RELATED [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=13986]
synonym: "sinusoidal endothelium" RELATED []
xref: FMA:63131
xref: SCTID:340163004
xref: TAO:0005261
xref: ZFA:0005261
is_a: UBERON:2005260  ! fenestrated capillary
property_value: external_definition "Fenestrated blood vessel endothelium with pores that are large enough for blood cells to pass.  The basal lamina and gap junctions may be discontinuous.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "sinusoidal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003910
name: splenic sinusoid
namespace: uberon
def: "wide vessels in the spleen that drain into trabecular veins[WP]." [Wikipedia:Red_pulp#Sinusoids]
comment: Taxon notes: Whereas man and the rat are in the \"sinusal\" group, the mouse belongs in the \"nonsinusal\" group. The red pulp of spleens of rat, dog, man, and many other mammals contains an elaborate plexus of sinuses; that of mouse, cat, pig and others has no true sinuses and relatively few veins leading from the meshes into collecting veins - http://www.informatics.jax.org/greenbook/chapters/chapter13.shtml
synonym: "sinusoid of red pulp of spleen" RELATED [FMA:63199]
synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:63199
xref: SCTID:9081000
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003497  ! abdomen blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0003909  ! sinusoid
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001250 ! red pulp of spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0003909  ! sinusoid
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001250 ! red pulp of spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003911
name: choroid plexus epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a choroid plexus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [FMA:242811]
xref: FMA:242811
xref: MA:0000824
xref: UMLS:C1516506
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005357  ! brain ependyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003912
name: chitinous tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "tooth-like structure composed of chitin." []
is_a: UBERON:0003913  ! tooth-like structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003913
name: tooth-like structure
namespace: uberon
def: "hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food." [GOC:cjm]
comment: see dermal denticle
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "tooth-like organ" EXACT [GOC:cjm]
xref: HAO:0001019
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003914
name: epithelial tube
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system." [GO:0060562, PMID:12526790]
synonym: "epithelial or endothelial tube" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0000114
xref: EHDAA2:0003114
xref: FBbt:00007474
is_a: UBERON:0000025  ! tube
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003915
name: endothelial tube
namespace: uberon
def: "Any endothelium that has the quality of being cylindrical [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003916
name: fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "a mass of closely packed fat cells (adipose tissue) surrounded by fibrous tissue septa[TMD]." [BTO:0000444, GO:0060613, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/fat+pad]
comment: AO notes: FMA says isa fascia organ. Note that XAO and AAO have structures called fat pad/body, but these are gonad-associated, so we place them with the gonad-specific subclass
synonym: "fat body" RELATED [FMA:58616]
xref: BTO:0000444
xref: FMA:58616
xref: MA:0002481
is_a: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue
property_value: external_definition "An accumulation of adipose tissue (fat cells) enclosed in fibrous tissue[BTO]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003918
name: kidney mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney[GO]." [GO:0072074]
comment: check this
synonym: "mesenchyme of kidney" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003919
name: obsolete mesenchyme of adult kidney
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003920
name: venous blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/venous+blood+vessel]
comment: Compare to: vein
synonym: "segment of venous tree organ" EXACT [FMA:86188]
synonym: "venous tree organ segment" EXACT [FMA:86188]
xref: FMA:86188
xref: MA:0000066
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003921
name: pancreas primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "embryonic structure that develops into pancreatic bud." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas#Embryological_development]
comment: AO notes: in EHDAA2 this has dorsal and ventral primordia as parts. the buds are part of the primordium, with the ducts developing from the buds; only parenchyma and ducts have contribution from buds. Terminology notes: revisit after standardizing terms 'primordium', 'anlagen', 'bud'
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "pancreatic anlage" RELATED []
synonym: "pancreatic endoderm" RELATED [EFO:0002579]
synonym: "pancreatic primordium" EXACT []
synonym: "primordial pancreas" RELATED [FMA:79792]
xref: EFO:0002579
xref: EFO:0003434
xref: EHDAA2:0001382
xref: EHDAA:2163
xref: EMAPA:17066
xref: FMA:79792
xref: TAO:0000254
xref: XAO:0001101
xref: ZFA:0000254
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Gray982.png/200px-Gray982.png
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003922
name: pancreatic bud
namespace: uberon
def: "The embryonic pancreas develops from two separate anlagen in the foregut epithelium, one dorsal and two ventral pancreatic buds[PMID]. In humans, an embryonic structure that is an outgrowth of the duodenum during embryogenesis - joins together to form the adult pancreas[WP]." [PMID:16417468, Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud]
synonym: "pancreatic anlage" RELATED []
synonym: "pancreatic buds" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001390]
xref: EFO:0003470
xref: SCTID:360398004
xref: TAO:0001390
xref: UMLS:C1283285
xref: ZFA:0001390
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Gray982.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Suckale08FBS_fig1_pancreas_development.jpeg/300px-Suckale08FBS_fig1_pancreas_development.jpeg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Gray982.png/200px-Gray982.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Bud
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009497 ! epithelium of foregut-midgut junction
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003921 ! pancreas primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003923
name: dorsal pancreatic bud
namespace: uberon
def: "pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal pancreas anlage" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal pancreatic anlage" RELATED []
synonym: "pancreas dorsal primordium duct bud" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001385]
synonym: "pancreas primordium dorsal bud" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior pancreatic anlage" RELATED []
synonym: "posterior pancreatic bud" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011031
xref: EFO:0003465
xref: EHDAA2:0001385
xref: EMAPA:17067
xref: SCTID:361435005
xref: TAO:0001370
xref: VHOG:0001428
xref: XAO:0000467
xref: ZFA:0001370
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Gray982.png/200px-Gray982.png
is_a: UBERON:0003922  ! pancreatic bud
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010375 ! pancreas dorsal primordium
property_value: external_definition "The pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In chick, Xenopus laevis, and the teleost fish Medaka, the pancreas develops from three buds that emerge from the gut tube, two from its ventral aspect, and one from its dorsal aspect. In mouse, although there are initially three buds that arise from the gut tube at the point of contact between the endoderm and the vasculature, the pancreas develops from only two of these buds, one dorsal and one ventral. (...) In this study, we use a transgenic zebrafish line (...). We provide evidence for the existence of two distinct pancreatic anlagen - a ventral anterior bud and a dorsal posterior bud - that join to form the definitive pancreas (reference 1); The pancreas develops from the fusion of distinct endoderm-derived dorsal and ventral diverticula. In humans, by day 35 of development, the ventral pancreatic bud begins to migrate backwards and comes into contact and eventually fuses with the dorsal pancreatic bud during the sixth week of development (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003924
name: ventral pancreatic bud
namespace: uberon
def: "pancreatic bud that gives rise to the major pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud]
comment: Development notes: the ventral pancreas and liver are derived from a common precursor cell population[PMID:16417468]. TODO - add this relationship. // The ventral pancreatic bud becomes the head and uncinate process, and comes from the hepatic diverticulum[WP]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior pancreatic anlage" RELATED []
synonym: "anterior pancreatic bud" RELATED []
synonym: "pancreas primordium ventral bud" EXACT []
synonym: "pancreas ventral primordium duct bud" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001389]
synonym: "ventral pancreas anlage" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral pancreatic anlage" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0011111
xref: EFO:0003464
xref: EHDAA2:0001389
xref: EMAPA:17256
xref: SCTID:361437002
xref: TAO:0001369
xref: VHOG:0001429
xref: XAO:0001103
xref: ZFA:0001369
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Gray982.png/200px-Gray982.png
is_a: UBERON:0003922  ! pancreatic bud
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008835 ! hepatic diverticulum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010376 ! pancreas ventral primordium
property_value: homology_notes "In chick, Xenopus laevis, and the teleost fish Medaka, the pancreas develops from three buds that emerge from the gut tube, two from its ventral aspect, and one from its dorsal aspect. In mouse, although there are initially three buds that arise from the gut tube at the point of contact between the endoderm and the vasculature, the pancreas develops from only two of these buds, one dorsal and one ventral. (...) In this study, we use a transgenic zebrafish line (...). We provide evidence for the existence of two distinct pancreatic anlagen - a ventral anterior bud and a dorsal posterior bud - that join to form the definitive pancreas (reference 1); The pancreas develops from the fusion of distinct endoderm-derived dorsal and ventral diverticula. In humans, by day 35 of development, the ventral pancreatic bud begins to migrate backwards and comes into contact and eventually fuses with the dorsal pancreatic bud during the sixth week of development (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003925
name: photoreceptor inner segment layer
namespace: uberon
def: "Layer of the retina composed of the inner segments of the photoreceptor cells." [ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "retina photoreceptor layer inner segment" EXACT [MA:0002471]
xref: MA:0002471
xref: TAO:0001465
xref: VHOG:0001172
xref: ZFA:0001465
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001788 ! outer limiting layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001787 ! photoreceptor layer of retina
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003926
name: photoreceptor outer segment layer
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "retina photoreceptor layer outer segment" EXACT [MA:0002472]
xref: MA:0002472
xref: TAO:0001466
xref: VHOG:0001173
xref: ZFA:0001466
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001782 ! pigmented layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001787 ! photoreceptor layer of retina
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003927
name: obsolete macula lagena
namespace: uberon
def: "This term was obsoleted as it was previously defined midleadingly as 'A macula that is part of a cochlea'." [UBERON:cjm]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003928
name: digestive system duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A duct that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "duct of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "duct of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastrointestinal system duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0005162
xref: ZFA:0005162
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003929
name: gut epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a digestive tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive tract epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of digestive tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of gut" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of digestive tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of gut" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of lower gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gut epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower gastrointestinal tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower gastrointestinal tract epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000956
xref: EHDAA2:0004567
xref: TAO:0005123
xref: UMLS:C0836205
xref: XAO:0003200
xref: ZFA:0005123
xref: ncithesaurus:Gut_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
property_value: external_definition "Epithelium lining the lumen of the gut.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003930
name: atrioventricular canal endocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "Endocardium that is part of the atrioventricular canal[ZFA,vetted]." [ZFA:0001616]
synonym: "AV canal endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "AVC endocardium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "endocardium of AV canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of atrioventricular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0002170
xref: XAO:0004124
xref: ZFA:0001616
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003931
name: diencephalic white matter
namespace: uberon
def: "White matter that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "diencephalic tract/commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000338]
synonym: "diencephalic tracts and commissures" EXACT [TAO:0000338]
synonym: "white matter of diencephalon" EXACT [FMA:83931]
xref: FMA:83931
xref: TAO:0000338
xref: ZFA:0000338
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003932
name: cartilage element of chondrocranium
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage element of chondrocranium. Example: neurocranial trabecula." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "cartilage of chondrocranium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "cartilaginous element of chondrocranium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "chondrocranium cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001461]
synonym: "neurocranium cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001461]
xref: EFO:0003690
xref: TAO:0001461
xref: ZFA:0001461
is_a: UBERON:0003933  ! cranial cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
intersection_of: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003933
name: cranial cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage element that is part of the cranial skeleton." [UBERON:cjm, ZFA:0001458]
synonym: "cartilage of cranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranium cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0001458
xref: ZFA:0001458
is_a: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Cartilage which is part of the cranium.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003934
name: mesenchyme pectoral fin
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pectoral fin [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of pectoral fin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral fin mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003604
xref: TAO:0001000
xref: ZFA:0001000
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000151 ! pectoral fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000151 ! pectoral fin
property_value: external_definition "Mesenchyme that is part of the pectoral fin.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003935
name: mesenchyme pelvic fin
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pelvic fin [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of pelvic fin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic fin mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0001449
xref: ZFA:0001449
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003936
name: postoptic commissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "POC" EXACT [ZFA:0000059]
synonym: "post optic commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000059]
synonym: "post-optic commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000059]
xref: EFO:0003478
xref: TAO:0000059
xref: ZFA:0000059
is_a: UBERON:0011590  ! commissure of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003931 ! diencephalic white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003937
name: sex gland
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction" [MP:0000653]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "genitalia gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reproductive gland" EXACT [MA:0001751]
synonym: "reproductive system gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001751
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003941
name: cerebellum anterior vermis
namespace: uberon
def: "the anterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located anterior to the primary fissure" [MP:0000867]
synonym: "anterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT [MA:0002969]
synonym: "anterior vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72255]
synonym: "part of vermal region" EXACT [FMA:72255]
synonym: "vermis of anterior lobe" EXACT [FMA:72255]
synonym: "vermis of anterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72255]
xref: FMA:72255
xref: MA:0002969
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1185
is_a: UBERON:0004720  ! cerebellar vermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002131 ! anterior lobe of cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003942
name: somatic sensory system
namespace: uberon
def: "the neural tissue involved in the transmission of sensory signals" [MP:0000959]
comment: TODO - check
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003943
name: fourth lumbar dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra" [MP:0001019]
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "L4 dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001019]
synonym: "forth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2626]
synonym: "fourth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "fourth lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6338]
xref: EMAPA:25167
xref: FMA:6338
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2626
is_a: UBERON:0002836  ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003945
name: somatic motor system
namespace: uberon
def: "the neural tissue involved in the transmission of motor signals" [MP:0001051]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003947
name: brain ventricle/choroid plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "the brain ventricles or their associated choroid plexuses" [MP:0002200]
comment: TODO - check relationship between CP and BV. If this is part of then this class should be obsoleted
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
union_of: UBERON:0001886  ! choroid plexus
union_of: UBERON:0004086  ! brain ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003948
name: blood-air barrier
namespace: uberon
def: "the membrane between the capillary blood and alveolar air, comprised of the alveolar epithelium and the capillary epithelium and their adherent basement membranes and epithelial cell cytoplasm" [MP:0002324]
comment: TODO - alveolar lumen
xref: MESH:A04.411.715.025
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000178 ! blood
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003949
name: tubal tonsil
namespace: uberon
def: "the lymph tissue associated with the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube" [MP:0002386]
synonym: "Gerlach's tonsil" EXACT [FMA:54975]
synonym: "Gerlach's tubal tonsil" EXACT [FMA:54975]
synonym: "auditory tube lymph gland" EXACT [FMA:54975]
synonym: "eustachian amygdala" EXACT [FMA:54975]
xref: FMA:54975
xref: SCTID:143319002
is_a: UBERON:0002372  ! tonsil

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003950
name: inner ear canal
namespace: uberon
def: "the tubular ducts of the inner ear" [MP:0002729]
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003951
name: ocular fundus
namespace: uberon
def: "the posterior concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the posterior segment of the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, visible by an ophthalmoscope" [MP:0002864, Wikipedia:Fundus_(eye)]
comment: TODO - check relationships
synonym: "eye fundus" EXACT []
synonym: "fundus" EXACT [HP:0001098]
synonym: "fundus oculi" EXACT []
synonym: "fundus of eye" EXACT []
xref: GAID:908
xref: MESH:A09.371.729.313
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000583
xref: SCTID:362519003
xref: UMLS:C0740422
xref: galen:FundusOculi
xref: ncithesaurus:Fundus
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001802 ! posterior segment of eyeball

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003952
name: anterior stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "the anterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea" [MP:0003093]
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003953
name: posterior stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "the posterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea" [MP:0003094]
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003954
name: squamoparietal suture
namespace: uberon
def: "the articulation of the squamous portion of the temporal bones with the parietal bones[MP]. The squamosal suture arches backward from the pterion and connects the temporal squama with the lower border of the parietal: this suture is continuous behind with the short, nearly horizontal parietomastoid suture, which unites the mastoid process of the temporal with the region of the mastoid angle of the parietal[WP]." [MP:0003844, Wikipedia:Squamosal_suture]
synonym: "squamo-parietal suture" EXACT [MP:0003844]
synonym: "squamoparietal suture of skull" EXACT []
synonym: "squamosal suture" RELATED [Wikipedia:Squamosal_suture]
synonym: "squamous suture" RELATED [Wikipedia:Squamosal_suture]
synonym: "squamous suture of skull" RELATED [FMA:52946]
synonym: "sutura squamosa cranii" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Squamosal_suture]
xref: EMAPA:19228
xref: FMA:52946
xref: SCTID:136248004
xref: SCTID:334174000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Gray188-Squamosal_suture.png
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001695 ! squamous part of temporal bone
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0010155 ! parietomastoid suture
intersection_of: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001695 ! squamous part of temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003955
name: molar crown
namespace: uberon
def: "the part of a molar that is covered by enamel" [MP:0003932]
synonym: "crown of molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:85301]
synonym: "molar tooth crown" EXACT [FMA:85301]
synonym: "molar tooth tooth crown" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tooth crown of molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:85301
is_a: UBERON:0003675  ! tooth crown
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth
intersection_of: UBERON:0003675  ! tooth crown
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003956
name: aqueous drainage system
namespace: uberon
def: "the structures associated with drainage of the aqueous humor from the eye, that include the trabecular meshwork, Schlemm's canal, the uveoscleral network, and the aqueous veins" [MP:0005198]
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001768 ! uvea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003957
name: Bruch's membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "A transparent, nearly structureless innermost layer of the choroid in contact with the pigmented layer of the retina. Bruch's membrane consists of five layers (from inside to outside): 1. the basement membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium; 2. the inner collagenous zone; 3. a central band of elastic fibers; 4. the outer collagenous zone; 5. the basement membrane of the choriocapillaris. The retinal pigment epithelium transports metabolic waste from the photoreceptors across Bruch's membrane to the choroid." [MP:0005239, Wikipedia:Bruch's_membrane]
comment: TODO - see also
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Bruch membrane" EXACT [MESH:A09.371.894.223.250]
synonym: "Bruch's basal membrane" EXACT [FMA:58438]
synonym: "basal lamina of choroid" EXACT [FMA:58438]
synonym: "lamina basalis (choroid)" EXACT [FMA:58438]
synonym: "lamina basilis" BROAD [FMA:58438]
xref: FMA:58438
xref: GAID:914
xref: MESH:A09.371.894.223.250
xref: SCTID:280652000
xref: ZFA:0005562
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001782 ! pigmented layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003958
name: long bone epiphyseal ossification zone
namespace: uberon
def: "The layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited" [MP:0006399]
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003959
name: rete testis
namespace: uberon
def: "An anastomosing network of delicate tubules located in the hilum of the testicle (mediastinum testis) that carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vasa efferentia[WP]." [MP:0006416, Wikipedia:Rete_testis]
comment: Editors note: add more specific classification e.g. anastomosing network - consider FMA:3726
synonym: "Haller's rete" EXACT [FMA:19834]
xref: EMAPA:18332
xref: FMA:19834
xref: GAID:399
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.849.600
xref: SCTID:279617009
xref: UMLS:C0035278
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg/200px-Hodenschema.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Rete_Testis
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001343 ! seminiferous tubule of testis
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0006946 ! efferent duct
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005297 ! testis sex cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005051 ! mediastinum testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003960
name: styloid process of temporal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone where it joins the tympanic portion; it gives attachment to the styloglossus, stylohyoid, and stylopharyngeus muscles and the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments" [MP:0008023, Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process]
comment: Disease notes: Eagle's syndrome
synonym: "processus styloideus ossis temporalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process]
synonym: "styloid process" EXACT [FMA:52877]
synonym: "styloid process of petrous part of temporal bone" EXACT [FMA:52877]
synonym: "temporal styloid process" EXACT [Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process]
xref: FMA:52877
xref: SCTID:138874009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray137.png
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004368 ! Reichert's cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003961
name: cingulum of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "the white matter fiber bundle that projects from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain" [MP:0008232]
synonym: "cingulum" BROAD []
xref: SCTID:369084007
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter
disjoint_from: UBERON:0013613  ! tooth cingulum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003962
name: pterygopalatine ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the small parasympathetic ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands" [MP:0008314, Wikipedia:Pterygopalatine_ganglion]
synonym: "Meckel ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314]
synonym: "Meckel's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6965]
synonym: "g. pterygopalatinum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pterygopalatine_ganglion]
synonym: "nasal ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314]
synonym: "palatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314]
synonym: "pterygopalatine ganglia" EXACT [MP:0008314]
synonym: "sphenopalatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314]
synonym: "sphenopalatine parasympathetic ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001889]
xref: EHDAA2:0001889
xref: FMA:6965
xref: SCTID:280364004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray779.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray779.png/200px-Gray779.png
is_a: UBERON:0001808  ! parasympathetic ganglion
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010128 ! future pterygopalatine ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003963
name: otic ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the parotid gland" [MP:0008315, Wikipedia:Otic_ganglion]
synonym: "arnold's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6967]
synonym: "ganglion oticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Otic_ganglion]
xref: EHDAA2:0001335
xref: EHDAA:6706
xref: FMA:6967
xref: SCTID:279283005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray783.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray783.png/200px-Gray783.png
is_a: UBERON:0001808  ! parasympathetic ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003964
name: prevertebral ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia" [MP:0008316]
synonym: "collateral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5892]
synonym: "previsceral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5892]
xref: FMA:5892
is_a: UBERON:0001806  ! sympathetic ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003965
name: sympathetic afferent fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "the fibers that conduct sensory nerve impulses from the viscera through the posterior dorsal roots into the spinal cord" [MP:0008319]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003967
name: cutaneous elastic fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "the slender connective tissue fiber in the extracellular matrix of skin tissue that is composed of microfibrils and amorphous elastin and is characterized by great elasticity" [MP:0008418]
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003968
name: peripheral lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "the lymph nodes located outside the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the submandibular, prescapular, axillary, inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes" [MP:0008463]
is_a: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003971
name: interfrontal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "a bone between the frontal bones in the skull; an extra bony plate within the anterior fontanelle that is not usually present" [MP:0008818]
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003973
name: nasal concha of ethmoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the conchae of the ethmoid bone, which occupy the caudal part of the nasal fossae and form the lateral and superior portions of the turbinate bones in mammals[MP]. The ethmoturbinals are associated with the cribiform plate.  They are covered with olfactory epithelium.  Primarily, they serve to increase the surface area over which olfactory receptor neurons can come in contact with respiratory air.  These olfactory receptor nerves then synapse with the mitral cells of the olfactory lobes through the cribiform plate in the manner described above[Palaeos]" [MP:0008971, palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html]
comment: Note that FMA considers nasal concha and nasal concha of ethmoid bone to be synonymous. We disambiguate these here
synonym: "ethmo-turbinate" EXACT []
synonym: "ethmoturbinal" EXACT [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html]
synonym: "ethmoturbinate" EXACT [MP:0008971]
synonym: "nasal turbinate of ethmoid bone" EXACT []
synonym: "turbinate of ethmoid bone" EXACT []
xref: FMA:57456
is_a: UBERON:0001762  ! nasal concha
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006332 ! nasal capsule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001762  ! nasal concha
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003974
name: cranial vagina
namespace: uberon
def: "the upper third of the vagina." [MP:0009077]
comment: Editor notes: relationship to caudal Mullerian duct?
synonym: "upper third of vagina" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:362247003
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003975
name: internal female genitalia
namespace: uberon
def: "the internal feminine genital organs, including the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, uterine cervix, and vagina." [MP:0009209]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "female internal genitalia" EXACT [FMA:45654]
synonym: "internal female genital organ" EXACT [BTO:0003099]
synonym: "internal genitalia of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organa genitalia feminina interna" RELATED [BTO:0003099]
xref: BTO:0003099
xref: FMA:45654
xref: SCTID:303518005
is_a: UBERON:0003134  ! female reproductive organ
is_a: UBERON:0004175  ! internal genitalia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0004175  ! internal genitalia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003976
name: saccule duct
namespace: uberon
def: "the saccular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the sacculus to the endolymphatic duct" [MP:0009259]
synonym: "saccular duct" EXACT [MP:0009259]
synonym: "saccular part of utriculosaccular duct" EXACT []
xref: FMA:77825
xref: SCTID:279829002
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth
relationship: connects UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011774 ! utriculosaccular duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003977
name: utricle duct
namespace: uberon
def: "the utricular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the utriculus to the endolymphatic duct" [MP:0009260]
synonym: "utricular duct" EXACT [MP:0009260]
synonym: "utricular part of utriculosaccular duct" EXACT []
xref: FMA:77824
xref: SCTID:279819009
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth
relationship: connects UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011774 ! utriculosaccular duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003978
name: valve
namespace: uberon
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "anatomical valve" EXACT [FMA:67611]
xref: EHDAA2:0004046
xref: EHDAA:1892
xref: EHDAA:4406
xref: FMA:67611
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqiwE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: galen:Valve
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
property_value: has_relational_adjective "valvular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003979
name: utricle valve
namespace: uberon
def: "the utriculo-endolymphatic (UE) valve which is located in the antero-inferior wall of the utricle at the orifice of the utricular duct and serves to regulate endolymph volume in the endolymphatic sac, the utricle and the canals" [MP:0009261]
is_a: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003980
name: cerebellum fissure
namespace: uberon
def: "the deep furrows which divide the lobules of the cerebellum, including the postcentral, primary and secondary furrows" [MP:0009267]
comment: we use the FMA set-of term in absence of a singular term
synonym: "cerebellar fissures" RELATED [FMA:77789]
synonym: "cerebellar fissures set" RELATED [FMA:77789]
synonym: "fissurae cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77789, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of cerebellar fissures" RELATED [FMA:77789]
xref: FMA:77789
xref: SCTID:314163001
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003981
name: primordial ovarian follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "primordial follicles are indiscernible to the naked eye and develop to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles" [MP:0009361]
synonym: "ovary primordial follicle" EXACT [MA:0001710]
synonym: "primordial follicle" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:30755
xref: MA:0001710
xref: UMLS:C1514441
xref: ncithesaurus:Primordial_Follicle
is_a: UBERON:0001305  ! ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003982
name: mature ovarian follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009364]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "antral follicle" RELATED [BTO:0000389]
synonym: "folliculi ovarici vesiculosi" RELATED [BTO:0000389]
synonym: "ovarian follicle stage IV" EXACT [ZFA:0001264]
synonym: "ovary mature follicle" EXACT [MA:0001709]
synonym: "preovulatory follicle" RELATED [BTO:0000389]
xref: BTO:0000389
xref: EFO:0003653
xref: MA:0001709
xref: TAO:0001264
xref: ZFA:0001264
is_a: UBERON:0001305  ! ovarian follicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003981 ! primordial ovarian follicle
property_value: external_definition "Stage IV (690-730 microns) are oocyte maturation. Selman et al, 1993.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003983
name: conus arteriosus
namespace: uberon
def: "a conical pouch formed from the upper and left angle of the right ventricle in the chordate heart, from which the pulmonary artery arises[WP]. the anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminates in the pulmonary trunk[MP]." [MP:0009464, Wikipedia:Conus_arteriosus]
comment: Terminology notes: we use the term CA for the anterior chamber if it is composed of cardiac muscle, contractile, and contains conal valves internally[Kardong] Taxon notes: Kardong says absent in adult tetrapods, check AAO
xref: AAO:0010250
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray492.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray492.png/200px-Gray492.png
is_a: UBERON:0004151  ! cardiac chamber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
property_value: external_definition "Receives blood from the left atrium and becomes the median truncus arteriosus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003984
name: uterine tube infundibulum
namespace: uberon
def: "the funnel-like expansion of the abdominal extremity of the uterine tube[MP]" [MP:0009466, Wikipedia:Infundibulum_of_uterine_tube]
synonym: "infundibulum" BROAD INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "infundibulum of fallopian tube" NARROW [FMA:18307]
synonym: "infundibulum of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18307]
synonym: "infundibulum of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:18307]
synonym: "infundibulum tubae uterinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infundibulum_of_uterine_tube]
xref: EMAPA:29897
xref: FMA:18307
xref: SCTID:362262001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg/200px-Illu_cervix.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0013515  ! subdivision of uterine tube
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
property_value: external_definition "The third part of the uterine tube is the infundibulum. It terminates with the ostium of Fallopian tube, surrounded by fimbriae, one of which is attached to the ovary[Wikipedia:Infundibulum_of_uterine_tube]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003985
name: major sublingual duct
namespace: uberon
def: "the duct that drains the anterior portion of the sublingual gland and opens at the sublingual papilla" [MP:0009528]
synonym: "Bartholin's duct" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:59986]
xref: BTO:0004558
xref: FMA:59986
xref: SCTID:25237008
is_a: UBERON:0001838  ! sublingual duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001838 ! sublingual duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003986
name: minor sublingual duct
namespace: uberon
def: "the 8-20 small ducts that open into the mouth on the surface of the sublingual fold" [MP:0009529]
xref: FMA:59987
is_a: UBERON:0001838  ! sublingual duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001838 ! sublingual duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003987
name: Hassall's corpuscle
namespace: uberon
def: "the small spherical bodies of epithelial cells found in the medulla of the thymus, that are arranged in a concentric pattern around clusters of degenerating lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages" [MP:0009539]
xref: MA:0000772
xref: SCTID:34223001
xref: UMLS:C0229950
xref: ncithesaurus:Hassall_s_Corpuscle
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002124 ! medulla of thymus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003846 ! thymus epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003988
name: thymus corticomedullary boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "the dense region demarcating the thymus medulla from the surrounding cortex that is characterized by numerous blood vessels (predominantly arterioles) with some perivascular connective tissue, mature and immature T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, variable numbers of perivascular B-lymphocytes and plasma cells; site of entry of bone marrow stem cells and exit of mature, functional T cells" [MP:0009543]
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002123 ! cortex of thymus
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002124 ! medulla of thymus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002125 ! lobule of thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002123 ! cortex of thymus
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002124 ! medulla of thymus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003989
name: medulla oblongata anterior median fissure
namespace: uberon
def: "the longitudinal groove in the midline of the anterior aspect of the medulla oblongata" [MP:0009680]
synonym: "anterior median fissure" EXACT [FMA:83734]
synonym: "anterior median fissure of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83734]
synonym: "anterior median fissure of medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:83734]
synonym: "fissura mediana anterior medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83734, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ventral median fissure of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83734]
synonym: "ventral median sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83734]
xref: FMA:83734
xref: SCTID:279288001
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003990
name: spinal cord motor column
namespace: uberon
def: "the subclasses of motor neurons which are organized into longitudinally oriented columns that occupy distinct and, in some cases, discontinuous domains along the rostrocaudal axis of the spinal cord; motor neurons within a single column send their axons to a common peripheral target" [MP:0009685]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003991
name: fourth ventricle median aperture
namespace: uberon
def: "the large midline opening of the posterior inferior part of the roof of the fourth ventricle that connects the fourth ventricle to the posterior cerebromedullary cistern and the spinal cord" [MP:0009802, Wikipedia:Median_aperture]
synonym: "apertura mediana ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_aperture]
synonym: "arachnoid forament" RELATED [MA:0002947]
synonym: "foramen of Magendie" EXACT [FMA:75015]
synonym: "foramen of Majendie" EXACT [FMA:75015]
synonym: "fourth ventricle median aperture" EXACT [MA:0002947]
synonym: "median aperture" BROAD [MP:0009802]
synonym: "median aperture of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:75015]
xref: FMA:75015
xref: MA:0002947
xref: SCTID:279449001
xref: UMLS:C0152288
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray708.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Gray708.svg/200px-Gray708.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_of_Magendie
is_a: UBERON:0004668  ! fourth ventricle aperture

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003992
name: fourth ventricle lateral aperture
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the two lateral openings of the fourth ventricle into the subarachnoid space at the cerebellopontine angle[MP]." [MP:0009803, Wikipedia:Lateral_aperture]
synonym: "apertura lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78473, FMA:TA]
synonym: "apertura lateralis ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_aperture]
synonym: "foramen of Key-Retzius" EXACT [FMA:78473]
synonym: "foramen of Luschka" EXACT [FMA:78473]
synonym: "foramen of Retzius" EXACT [FMA:78473]
synonym: "foramen of key and retzius" EXACT [FMA:78473]
synonym: "forament of Luschka" RELATED [MA:0002946]
synonym: "lateral aperture" BROAD [MP:0009803]
synonym: "lateral aperture of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78473]
xref: FMA:78473
xref: MA:0002946
xref: SCTID:63426007
xref: UMLS:C0152287
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Lateral_ventricle.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_of_Luschka
is_a: UBERON:0004668  ! fourth ventricle aperture

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003993
name: interventricular foramen of CNS
namespace: uberon
def: "the paired channels that connect the lateral and third ventricles and allows cerebrospinal fluid produced in the lateral ventricles to flow into the third ventricles" [MP:0009804, Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)]
comment: AO notes: it is not clear if the FMA class refers to CNS or heart ventricles
synonym: "foramen Monroi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)]
synonym: "foramen interventriculare" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)]
synonym: "interventricular foramen" EXACT [FMA:75351]
synonym: "interventricular foramina" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interventricular_foramina_(neural_anatomy)]
xref: FMA:75351
xref: SCTID:279248006
xref: UMLS:C0016520
xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_of_Monroe
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0013152  ! interventricular foramen of heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003994
name: pelvic ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "the dorsal sacroiliac, the sacrotuberal and/or the iliolumbar ligaments associated with the bony ring formed by the pair of hip bones fused at the symphysis and their firm articulation with the sacrum" [MP:0009807]
synonym: "pelvis ligament" EXACT [MA:0002948]
xref: MA:0002948
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
is_a: UBERON:0003594  ! pelvis connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003995
name: subarcuate fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "the irregular depression found on the posterior inner surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone just below its crest and above and lateral to the internal acoustic meatus[MP]. In the temporal bone, above and between the aquC&ductus vestibuli is an irregular depression which lodges a process of the dura mater and transmits a small vein and the subarcuate artery[1] a branch of the internal auditory artery, which is an end artery that supplies blood to the inner ear ; in the infant this depression is represented by a large fossa, the subarcuate fossa, which extends backward as a blind tunnel under the superior semicircular canal. It is extensive in most primates (except for great apes) and nearly all mammals. In these animals, the subarcuate fossa houses a part of the cerebellum, the petrosal lobe[WP]." [MP:0009822]
xref: FMA:56418
is_a: UBERON:0004704  ! bone fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003996
name: arcus anterior
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005209
def: "The anterior arch of the atlas forms about one-fifth of the ring of the atlas: its anterior surface is convex, and presents at its center the anterior tubercle for the attachment of the Longus colli muscles; posteriorly it is concave, and marked by a smooth, oval or circular facet (fovea dentis), for articulation with the odontoid process (dens) of the axis[WP]. The arch that connects the lateral masses of the atlas anteriorly and articulates with the anterior articular facet of the dens of the axis[MP]." [MP:0009879, Wikipedia:Anterior_arch_of_atlas]
synonym: "anterior arch of atlas" EXACT [MA:0002954]
synonym: "arcus anterior atlantis" EXACT LATIN [MA:0002954, Wikipedia:Anterior_arch_of_atlas]
synonym: "cervical vertebra 1 arcus anterior" EXACT [MA:0002954]
xref: FMA:23976
xref: MA:0002954
xref: SCTID:181891000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Arcusanterioratlantis.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003997
name: hyoid bone greater horn
namespace: uberon
def: "the larger and more lateral of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]" [MP:0009913, Wikipedia:Greater_cornu]
comment: In humans, the greater cornua are the larger, more lateral projections from the left and right borders of the body of hyoid bone. They are in contrast to the lesser cornua, which also occur in pairs but are comparatively smaller and conical in shape. The greater cornua are derived from the third pharyngeal arches. [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua]
synonym: "cornu majus" EXACT [FMA:59496]
synonym: "cornu majus ossis hyoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59496, FMA:TA]
synonym: "cornua majora" EXACT [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua]
synonym: "epibranchial" RELATED [CHECKME:CHECKME]
synonym: "epibranchial of gill arch I" RELATED [CHECKME:CHECKME]
synonym: "epibranchial of pharyngeal arch III" RELATED [CHECKME:CHECKME]
synonym: "greater cornu" EXACT [FMA:59496]
synonym: "greater cornua" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone, http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua]
synonym: "greater horn" EXACT [FMA:59496]
synonym: "greater horn of hyoid" EXACT [FMA:59496]
synonym: "greater horn of hyoid bone" EXACT [FMA:59496]
synonym: "greater horn of the hyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone]
synonym: "hyoid bone greater cornu" RELATED [MA:0002959]
synonym: "hyoid bone long horn" RELATED []
synonym: "hyoid bone superior horn" RELATED [MA:0002959]
synonym: "hyoid bone upper horn" RELATED [MA:0002959]
synonym: "posterior horn of hyoid" RELATED []
synonym: "second horn of hyoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "tyrohal" EXACT [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua]
synonym: "tyrohals" EXACT [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua]
xref: EMAPA:18651
xref: EMAPA:18841
xref: FMA:59496
xref: MA:0002959
xref: SCTID:369008008
is_a: UBERON:0010273  ! zone of hyoid bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
property_value: external_definition "The greater cornua (or greater horns) of the hyoid bone project backward from the lateral borders of the body; they are flattened from above downward and diminish in size from before backward; each ends in a tubercle to which is fixed the lateral hyothyroid ligament. The upper surface is rough close to its lateral border, for muscular attachments: the largest of these are the origins of the hyoglossus and Constrictor pharyngis medius which extend along the whole length of the cornu; the digastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle have small insertions in front of these near the junction of the body with the cornu. To the medial border the hyothyroid membrane is attached, while the anterior half of the lateral border gives insertion to the thyrohyoid. The greater cornua derive from the 3rd pharyngeal arches[Wikipedia:Greater_cornu]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003998
name: hyoid bone lesser horn
namespace: uberon
def: "shorter and more medial of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]" [MP:0009914, Wikipedia:Lesser_cornu]
synonym: "anterior horn of hyoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "ceratohyal" RELATED SENSU [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "cornu minus" EXACT [FMA:59499]
synonym: "cornu minus ossis hyoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59499, FMA:TA]
synonym: "hyoid bone lesser cornu" RELATED [MA:0002960]
synonym: "hyoid bone lower horn" RELATED [MA:0002960]
synonym: "lesser cornu" EXACT [FMA:59499]
synonym: "lesser cornu of hyoid" EXACT []
synonym: "lesser cornua" EXACT [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Lesser_cornua]
synonym: "lesser horn" EXACT [FMA:59499]
synonym: "lesser horn of hyoid" EXACT [FMA:59499]
synonym: "lesser horn of hyoid bone" EXACT [FMA:59499]
synonym: "lesser horn of the hyoid" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18652
xref: EMAPA:18842
xref: FMA:59499
xref: MA:0002960
xref: SCTID:369007003
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010273  ! zone of hyoid bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004368 ! Reichert's cartilage
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
property_value: external_definition "The lesser cornua (or lesser horns) are two small, conical eminences, attached by their bases to the angles of junction between the body and greater cornua of the hyoid bone. They are connected to the body of the bone by fibrous tissue, and occasionally to the greater cornua by distinct diarthrodial joints, which usually persist throughout life, but occasionally become ankylosed. The lesser cornua are situated in the line of the transverse ridge on the body and appear to be morphological continuations of it. The apex of each cornu gives attachment to the stylohyoid ligament; the Chondroglossus rises from the medial side of the base. The lesser cornua are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arches[Wikipedia:Lesser_cornu]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0003999
name: hyoid bone body
namespace: uberon
def: "the main curve of the hyoid bone, from which the horns extend" [MP:0009917, Wikipedia:Body_of_hyoid_bone]
synonym: "base of hyoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002958]
synonym: "basihyal bone" RELATED [MA:0002958]
synonym: "basihyoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002958]
synonym: "body of hyoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "body of hyoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002958]
synonym: "corpus ossis hyoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_hyoid_bone]
synonym: "hyoid bone base" RELATED [MA:0002958]
xref: EMAPA:18653
xref: EMAPA:18843
xref: FMA:59495
xref: MA:0002958
xref: SCTID:369006007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Gray186.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray186.png/200px-Gray186.png
is_a: UBERON:0010273  ! zone of hyoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004001
name: olfactory bulb layer
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009946]
comment: TODO - check isa parentage
synonym: "cytoarchitectural part of olfactory bulb" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090402]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090402
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004002
name: cerebellum posterior lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "the region of the cerebellum that is posterior to the primary fissure and anterior to the posteriolateral fissure" [MP:0009962]
synonym: "cerebrocerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72252]
synonym: "middle lobe-1 of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72252]
synonym: "posterior cerebellar lobe" EXACT [FMA:72252]
synonym: "posterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior lobe of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_911]
synonym: "posterior lobe-1 of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72252]
xref: FMA:72252
xref: MA:0002964
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_911
xref: SCTID:279360009
is_a: UBERON:0005293  ! cerebellum lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004003
name: cerebellum hemisphere lobule
namespace: uberon
def: "the region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in either of the lateral sections of the cerebellum outside the vermis; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres" [MP:0009963]
comment: TODO - define as a region overlapping
synonym: "cerebellar hemisphere lobule" EXACT []
synonym: "lobule of cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:83880]
synonym: "lobule of hemisphere of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83880]
xref: FMA:83880
xref: MA:0002967
is_a: UBERON:0004004  ! cerebellum lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum
intersection_of: UBERON:0004004  ! cerebellum lobule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004004
name: cerebellum lobule
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the the ten gyri of the cerebellar cortex" [MP:0009964]
synonym: "lobular parts of the cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1084]
xref: MA:0002966
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1084
is_a: UBERON:0002749  ! regional part of cerebellar cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004005
name: cerebellum lateral hemisphere
namespace: uberon
def: "the most lateral paired regions of the cerebellum; the lateral zone receives input from the parietal cortex via pontocerebellar mossy fibers regarding the location and position of the body and integrates input signals with indications of muscle activity" [MP:0009965]
is_a: UBERON:0002749  ! regional part of cerebellar cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004006
name: cerebellum intermediate hemisphere
namespace: uberon
def: "the paired regions of the cerebellar hemisphere that lie adjacent to the vermis and are between the vermis and lateral regions of the hemispheres; it receives input from the corticopontocerebellar fibers that originate from the motor cortex, and also receives sensory feedback from the muscles; these signals are integrated by this region, to coordinate muscle activity with motor inputs" [MP:0009966]
is_a: UBERON:0002749  ! regional part of cerebellar cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004008
name: cerebellar plate
namespace: uberon
def: "the embryonic pseudostratified epithelium of the fourth cerebellar ventricle that eventually forms the vermis and ventral neuroepithelium" [MP:0000856]
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004009
name: cerebellum posterior vermis
namespace: uberon
def: "the posterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located posterior to the primary fissure" [MP:0000869]
synonym: "posterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "vermis of posterior lobe" EXACT [FMA:72259]
synonym: "vermis of posterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "vermis of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081240]
xref: FMA:72259
xref: MA:0002970
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081240
is_a: UBERON:0004720  ! cerebellar vermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004002 ! cerebellum posterior lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004010
name: primary muscle spindle
namespace: uberon
def: "the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and sensitive to stretch velocity" [MP:0000991]
is_a: UBERON:0003718  ! muscle spindle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004011
name: secondary muscle spindle
namespace: uberon
def: "the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and not sensitive to stretch velocity" [MP:0000994]
is_a: UBERON:0003718  ! muscle spindle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004012
name: golgi tendon organ
namespace: uberon
def: "the sensory organ in muscle that is involved in regulating muscle tension" [MP:0000999]
synonym: "neurotendinous ending" EXACT [FMA:83608]
synonym: "neurotendinous organ of golgi" EXACT [FMA:83608]
xref: FMA:83608
xref: UMLS:C0027929
xref: ncithesaurus:Golgi_Tendon_Organ
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004013
name: egg cylinder
namespace: uberon
def: "the transient cup-like structure of the epiblast that consists of a single layer of embryonic cells" [MP:0003085]
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic)

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004015
name: embryonic-extraembryonic boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "the normal development /maintenance of the connection between the embryo proper and extraembryonic tissues" [MP:0003890]
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure
intersection_of: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004016
name: dermatome
namespace: uberon
def: "the mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the dermis[MP]" [MP:0003940, Wikipedia:Dermatomal_mesenchyme]
comment: Not to be confused with 'dermatome segment of skin'.
synonym: "cutis plate" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cutis_plate]
synonym: "dermatomal mesenchyme" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cutis_plate]
synonym: "mesenchyma dermatomiale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dermatomal_mesenchyme]
xref: AAO:0011028
xref: AEO:0001017
xref: EHDAA2:0003428
xref: EHDAA:1719
xref: EHDAA:1725
xref: EHDAA:1731
xref: EHDAA:1737
xref: UMLS:C0180383
xref: XAO:0000220
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Gray64.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dermatome
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004290 ! dermomyotome
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
disjoint_from: UBERON:0007121  ! dermatome segment of skin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004017
name: periocular mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "the mesenchymal cells that give rise to the corneal endothelium, corneal stroma, sclera, iris stroma, ciliary muscle, ciliary stroma, and trabecular meshwork of the eye[MP]." [MP:0004054, PMID:3709965]
comment: AO notes: Check XAO once it has a definition. Taxon notes: Periocular mesenchyme (PM) is a mesencephalic neural crest derived cell population which as a result of an interaction with the retinal pigment epithelium forms the scleral cartilage of the avian eye[PMID:3709965]
synonym: "periocular mesenchyme" RELATED [XAO:0004089]
xref: XAO:0004089
xref: ZFA:0005572
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004019
name: baroreceptor
namespace: uberon
def: "the sensory nerve endings in the wall of the atria of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus that are sensitive to changes in blood pressure" [MP:0004118]
xref: FMA:85601
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004020
name: obsolete embryonic cilium
namespace: uberon
def: "OBSOLETE: the earliest cilia of the mouse embryo found on the cells of the embryonic node" [MP:0004131]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Made obsolete as cell components are out of scope

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004022
name: embryonic neuroepithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "the epithelial cell layer that lines the neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells" [MP:0004261]
synonym: "neurepithelium" BROAD [BTO:0000314]
synonym: "neuroepithelium" EXACT [AEO:0001008]
xref: AEO:0001008
xref: BTO:0000314
xref: EHDAA2:0004654
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
disjoint_from: UBERON:0006934  ! sensory epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004023
name: ganglionic eminence
namespace: uberon
def: "the transient proliferative population of neurons that expands exponentially during late prenatal development; it is a continuous germinal zone distinct from the ventricular zone that surrounds the brain ventricles[MP]. The eminences are found in the ventral part of the telencephalon, where they form bulges in the ventricles. These bulges develop into the basal ganglia.[1] They also contribute significantly in building up the GABAergic cortical cell population[WP]." [MP:0004274, Wikipedia:Ganglionic_eminence]
synonym: "GE" BROAD []
synonym: "embryonic subventricular zone" EXACT []
synonym: "embryonic/fetal subventricular zone" EXACT []
synonym: "fetal subventricular zone" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004024
name: medial ganglionic eminence
namespace: uberon
def: "a distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the neocortex; however, hippocampal neurons, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the MGE." [MP:0004276]
synonym: "MGE" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004025
name: lateral ganglionic eminence
namespace: uberon
def: "a distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the striatum; however, neocortex, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the LGE" [MP:0004277]
synonym: "LGE" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004026
name: caudal ganglionic eminence
namespace: uberon
def: "the caudally located, distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone, located adjacent to the lateral ventricle" [MP:0004278]
synonym: "CGE" BROAD []
xref: EFO:0001911
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004029
name: canal of Schlemm
namespace: uberon
def: "the vascular structure encircling the anterior chamber of the eye, through which the aqueous humor is returned to the blood circulation" [MP:0005204, Wikipedia:Schlemm's_canal]
synonym: "Schlemm's canal" EXACT []
synonym: "scleral sinus" EXACT [FMA:51873]
synonym: "scleral venous sinus" EXACT [FMA:51873]
synonym: "sinus venosus of sclera" EXACT [FMA:51873]
synonym: "sinus venosus sclerae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Schlemm's_canal]
xref: FMA:51873
xref: SCTID:280605006
xref: UMLS:C0229108
xref: ncithesaurus:Canal_of_Schlemm
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003956 ! aqueous drainage system
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003712 ! cavernous sinus
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004030
name: aqueous vein
namespace: uberon
def: "this vessel that receives aqueous humor from the sinus venosus sclerae (canal of Schlemm)" [MP:0005207]
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003956 ! aqueous drainage system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004031
name: ectomesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "mesenchymal cells derived from neural crest cells that contribute to development of the hard and soft tissue in the head and neck, including the branchial arches[MP]." [MP:0006302, Wikipedia:Ectomesenchyme]
is_a: UBERON:0005253  ! head mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
property_value: external_definition "Ectomesenchyme has similar properties to mesenchyme. The major difference is that ectomesenchyme is usually considered to arise from neural crest cells, which are a critical group of cells that form in the cranial region during early vertebrate development. Thus, ectomesenchyme plays a critical role in the formation of the hard and soft tissues of the head and neck such as bones, muscles, teeth, and, most important, the branchial arches[Wikipedia:Ectomesenchyme]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004032
name: podocyte slit diaphragm
namespace: uberon
def: "the thin membrane that covers the podocyte filtration slit which allows small molecules such as water, glucose, and ionic salts to pass through while retaining larger macromolecules in the bloodstream" [MP:0008060]
comment: TODO - submit to GO
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004033
name: podocyte slit junction
namespace: uberon
def: "the gaps between the interdigitated foot processes of the podocyte" [MP:0008062]
comment: TODO - submit to GO
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004355 ! podocyte foot process

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004034
name: cutaneous microfibril
namespace: uberon
def: "the fiber-like strand of fibrillin that forms the scaffold of the cutaneous elastic fibers found in the extracellular matrix of the skin" [MP:0008419]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003967 ! cutaneous elastic fiber

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004035
name: subplate
namespace: uberon
def: "the transient outer neural tube region that contains the first generated post-mitotic neurons that receive synaptic input from thalamic axons and in turn project axons to the developing cortical plate" [MP:0008440, Wikipedia:Subplate]
comment: The transient fetal subplate zone, together with the marginal zone and the cortical plate, represents the developmental anlage of the mammalian cerebral cortex. It serves as a waiting compartment for growing cortical afferents; its cells are involved in the establishment of pioneering cortical efferent projections and transient fetal circuitry, and apparently have a number of other developmental roles. The subplate zone is a phylogenetically recent structure and it is most developed in the human brain. Subplate neurons are among the first generated neurons in the mammalian cerebral cortex [1]. These neurons disappear during postnatal development and are important in establishing the correct wiring [2][3] and functional maturation [4] of the cerebral cortex. Subplate neurons appear to be selectively sensitive to injury (such as hypoxia) which in humans are associated with motor and cognitive defects[WP].
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004036
name: obsolete retinal cone cell inner segment
namespace: uberon
def: "the retinal cone cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region" [MP:0008448]
is_obsolete: true
comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004037
name: obsolete retinal cone cell outer segment
namespace: uberon
def: "the retinal cone cell region in which the visual pigment rhodopsin is in invaginations of the cell membrane" [MP:0008449]
is_obsolete: true
comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004038
name: obsolete retinal rod cell inner segment
namespace: uberon
def: "the retinal rod cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region" [MP:0008455]
is_obsolete: true
comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004039
name: obsolete retinal rod cell outer segment
namespace: uberon
def: "the retinal rod cell region which contains stacks of membranous discs separate from the outer cell membrane that are rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin" [MP:0008456]
is_obsolete: true
comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004041
name: spleen primary B follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "the nodules of small undifferentiated B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells located in the spleen white pulp" [MP:0008471]
comment: AO notes - FMA:15843 is classified as primary follicle so it belongs here
synonym: "primary spleen B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm]
xref: FMA:15843
is_a: UBERON:0001249  ! spleen lymphoid follicle
is_a: UBERON:0010422  ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0010422  ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004042
name: spleen secondary B follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "the nodules of antigen-activated, differentiating B cells, follicular dendritic cells, antigen-presenting T cells and macrophages in the spleen white pulp" [MP:0008472]
synonym: "secondary spleen B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "splenic secondary B cell follicle" EXACT [MP:0008472]
is_a: UBERON:0001249  ! spleen lymphoid follicle
is_a: UBERON:0001745  ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004041 ! spleen primary B follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001745  ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004043
name: semicircular canal ampulla
namespace: uberon
def: "the spherical enlargement at the base of each semicircular canal where they connect with the utricle, containing the crista ampullaris which detects movement of the fluid within the canals" [MP:0008488, Wikipedia:Osseous_ampullae]
comment: TODO check duct vs canal. Also check FMA - has many subtypes of semicircular canal such as 'ampulla of anterior semicircular canal'
synonym: "ampullae osseae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Osseous_ampullae]
synonym: "membraneous ampulla of the semicircular duct" RELATED [MP:0008488]
synonym: "semicircular duct ampulla" RELATED [MA:0002770]
xref: MA:0002770
xref: SCTID:279759001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg/200px-Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001856 ! semicircular duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004044
name: anterior visceral endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "the extraembryonic tissue that is responsible for the proper orientation of the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo and for appropriate patterning of adjacent embryonic tissue" [MP:0008533]
comment: see also primitive streak
synonym: "AVE" RELATED [BTO:0003361]
xref: BTO:0003361
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004045
name: tailgut
namespace: uberon
def: "the extension of the hindgut of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo, caudal to the location of the anal opening" [MP:0008787]
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004046
name: anterior definitive endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "the mesendoderm which first migrates from the node and which gives rise to the gut" [MP:0008926]
comment: TODO - check
is_a: UBERON:0000089  ! hypoblast (generic)

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004053
name: external male genitalia
namespace: uberon
def: "the external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum" [MP:0009199]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "external male genital organ" EXACT [BTO:0003097]
synonym: "male external genitalia" EXACT [FMA:45642]
synonym: "organa genitalia masculina externa" RELATED [BTO:0003097]
xref: BTO:0003097
xref: EMAPA:30977
xref: FMA:45642
xref: SCTID:362264000
xref: galen:MaleExternalGenitalia
is_a: UBERON:0003135  ! male reproductive organ
is_a: UBERON:0004176  ! external genitalia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0004176  ! external genitalia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005056  ! external female genitalia
disjoint_from: UBERON:0009196  ! indifferent external genitalia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004054
name: internal male genitalia
namespace: uberon
def: "the internal masculine genital organs, including the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands" [MP:0009205]
comment: Editor note: consider splitting genitalia from genital organ
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "internal male genital organ" EXACT [BTO:0003096]
synonym: "male internal genitalia" EXACT [FMA:45655]
synonym: "organa genitalia masculina interna" RELATED [BTO:0003096]
xref: BTO:0003096
xref: FMA:45655
xref: SCTID:310536002
is_a: UBERON:0003135  ! male reproductive organ
is_a: UBERON:0004175  ! internal genitalia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0004175  ! internal genitalia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004055
name: primitive pit
namespace: uberon
def: "the small depression in the primitive streak that is caudal to the primitive node where the cells of the epiblast initially begin to invaginate during early embryogenesis" [MP:0009329, Wikipedia:Primitive_pit]
comment: TODO - check
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
xref: EHDAA2:0001521
xref: EHDAA:551
xref: UMLS:C1514439
xref: ncithesaurus:Primitive_Pit
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004341 ! primitive streak
property_value: external_definition "The primitive pit is a depression in the center of the primitive node, connecting to the notochord. It consists of part of the primitive streak[Wikipedia:Primitive_pit]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004056
name: primitive groove
namespace: uberon
def: "the shallow valley that extends along the length of the primitive streak[MP]" [MP:0009330, Wikipedia:Primitive_groove]
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
xref: EHDAA2:0001511
xref: EHDAA:547
xref: UMLS:C1514434
xref: ncithesaurus:Primitive_Groove
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004341 ! primitive streak
property_value: external_definition "A shallow groove, the primitive groove, appears on the surface of the primitive streak, and the anterior end of this groove communicates by means of an aperture, the blastophore, with the yolk-sac[Wikipedia:Primitive_groove]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004057
name: skeletal muscle fiber triad
namespace: uberon
def: "the skeletal muscle fiber structure comprised of the transverse tubule and the two associated terminal cisternae; each fiber normally has thousands of triads" [MP:0009411]
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004058
name: biliary ductule
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the fine terminal elements of the bile duct system, leaving the portal canal, and pursuing a course at the periphery of a lobule of the liver[BTO]. the excretory ducts of the liver that connect the interlobular ductules to the right or left hepatic duct[MP]" [BTO:0002840, MP:0009494]
comment: ZFIN: Digestive system duct that collects bile from the canaliculus and transports bile through the liver -- (check if the same) // The smallest and the most peripheral branches of the biliary tree consist of a portal part (portal ductule) and an intralobular part (intralobular ductule) //
synonym: "bile capillary" RELATED [BTO:0002840]
synonym: "bile ductule" EXACT [BTO:0002840]
synonym: "biliary ductule" EXACT [BTO:0002840, http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?ductuli+biliferi]
synonym: "cholangiole" RELATED [BTO:0002840]
synonym: "ductuli biliferi" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?ductuli+biliferi]
xref: BTO:0002840
xref: TAO:0005164
xref: ZFA:0005164
is_a: UBERON:0003928  ! digestive system duct
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004059
name: spinal cord medial motor column
namespace: uberon
def: "the subclasses of motor neurons which project their axons to axial muscles that lie close to the vertebral column; motor neurons in the lateral subdivision of the MMC project their axons to body wall muscles" [MP:0009686]
is_a: UBERON:0003990  ! spinal cord motor column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004060
name: neural tube ventricular layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen" [MP:0009689]
comment: consider merging with 'ventricular zone'
synonym: "neural tube ependymal zone" EXACT [MP:0009689]
synonym: "neural tube ventricular zone" RELATED [MP:0009689]
xref: EMAPA:16783
xref: EMAPA:17152
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003842 ! neural tube lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004061
name: neural tube mantle layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the layer of glia and differentiating neurons that will form the gray matter of the spinal cord; this lies between the ventricular and marginal layers and includes the basal and alar plates" [MP:0009690]
synonym: "neural tube intermediate zone" EXACT [MP:0009690]
xref: EMAPA:17148
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004060 ! neural tube ventricular layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004062 ! neural tube marginal layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004062
name: neural tube marginal layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the outermost layer of the neural tube that contains nerve fibers and will form the white matter" [MP:0009691]
synonym: "neural tube marginal zone" EXACT [MP:0009691]
xref: EMAPA:17151
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004063
name: spinal cord alar plate
namespace: uberon
def: "the region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses; the alar plate develops into the dorsal horn in the grey matter of the spinal cord" [MP:0009692]
comment: TODO - merge with UBERON:0003054 roof plate?
synonym: "alar column spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000899]
synonym: "spinal cord alar column" EXACT [MP:0009692]
synonym: "spinal cord alar lamina" EXACT [MP:0009692]
xref: EMAPA:17149
xref: EMAPA:17581
xref: VHOG:0000899
is_a: UBERON:0005882  ! alar plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004064
name: neural tube basal plate
namespace: uberon
def: "the region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies ventral to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily motor neurons and interneurons. the region of the neural tube ventral to the sulcus limitans. It extends from the rostral mesencephalon to the end of the spinal cord and contains primarily motor neurons, whereas neurons found in the alar plate are primarily associated with sensory functions. The cell types of the basal plate include lower motor neurons and four types of interneuron. Initially the left and right sides of the basal plate are continuous, but during neurulation they become separated by the floor plate, a derivative of the notochord[WP]." [MP:0009693, Wikipedia:Basal_plate_(neural_tube)]
synonym: "basal plate" EXACT []
synonym: "basal plate of neural tube" EXACT [Wikipedia:Basal_plate_(neural_tube)]
synonym: "spinal cord basal plate" NARROW [MP:0009693]
synonym: "ventral part of neural tube" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010561
xref: EFO:0001904
xref: UMLS:C1511061
xref: ncithesaurus:Basal_Plate
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0002328 ! notochord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004061 ! neural tube mantle layer
relationship: ventral_to UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004065
name: primordial meninx
namespace: uberon
def: "the outermost mesenchymal covering of the developing brain and spinal cord that is composed of tough fibrous connective tissue from which the arachnoid mater, pia mater and dura mater are formed" [MP:0009726]
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004066
name: frontonasal prominence
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0006237
def: "An unpaired facial process in the embryo formed from the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle that develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout[MP]. During embryonic development, two areas of thickened ectoderm, the olfactory areas, appear immediately under the fore-brain in the anterior wall of the stomodeum, one on either side of a region termed the frontonasal prominence (or process)[WP]. By the upgrowth of the surrounding parts these areas are converted into pits, the olfactory pits, which indent the frontonasal prominence and divide it into a medial and two lateral nasal processes[WP]." [MP:0009901, Wikipedia:Frontonasal_prominence]
synonym: "prominentia frontonasalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontonasal_prominence]
xref: EHDAA2:0000578
xref: EHDAA:4778
xref: EMAPA:16681
xref: SCTID:361486000
xref: UMLS:C1517321
xref: VHOG:0001319
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Gray44.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Gray44.png/200px-Gray44.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Frontonasal_Prominence
is_a: UBERON:0009292  ! embryonic nasal process
relationship: in_median_plane_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004067
name: lateral nasal prominence
namespace: uberon
def: "the lateral area of the two branches of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling in the future nasal region of the embryo; it separates the olfactory pit from the developing eye and the ala of the nose/snout develops from it" [MP:0009902, Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_prominence]
synonym: "lateral nasal process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000916]
synonym: "lateral nasal swelling" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "latero-nasal process" EXACT [EMAPA:16805]
synonym: "prominentia nasalis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_prominence]
xref: EHDAA2:0000916
xref: EHDAA:4786
xref: EMAPA:16805
xref: SCTID:308880000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray48.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray48.png/200px-Gray48.png
is_a: UBERON:0009292  ! embryonic nasal process
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004066 ! frontonasal prominence
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 ! frontonasal prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004068
name: medial nasal prominence
namespace: uberon
def: "the central area of the two limbs of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling that lie medial to the olfactory placode or pit in the future nasal region of the embryo; it joins with the ipsilateral maxillary prominence in the formation of half of the upper jaw, and the nasal tip and philtrum of the upper lip develop from it" [MP:0009903, Wikipedia:Medial_nasal_prominence]
comment: Fusion of right and left medial nasal processes forms a primary palate rostrally and the nasal septum caudally. The incisive bone, including upper incisor teeth and the rostral up- per lip, are derived from the primary palate. The nasal septum consists of bone, cartilage, and a patch of soft tissue membrane that separates right & left halves of the nasal cavity.
synonym: "medial nasal process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001076]
synonym: "medial nasal swelling" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "medial-nasal process" EXACT [EMAPA:16808]
synonym: "nasomedial prominence" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "prominentia nasalis medialis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_nasal_prominence]
xref: EHDAA2:0001076
xref: EHDAA:4792
xref: EMAPA:16808
xref: SCTID:308877001
xref: VHOG:0000804
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Gray45.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Gray45.png/200px-Gray45.png
is_a: UBERON:0009292  ! embryonic nasal process
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004066 ! frontonasal prominence
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0008816 ! embryonic head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 ! frontonasal prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004069
name: accessory olfactory bulb
namespace: uberon
def: "the forebrain region that coordinates sensory signaling arising from the vomeronasal organ; it is located on the dorsal-posterior portion of the main olfactory bulb, and the axons that leave the accessory olfactory bulb project to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus" [MP:0009945, Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb#Accessory_olfactory_bulb]
comment: Site of termination of vomeronasal nerve; projects to: other parts of pallial amygdala, medial amygdala, subpallial nucleus (Butler and Hodos)
synonym: "accessory olfactory formation" RELATED [MA:0000966]
synonym: "olfactory bulb accessory nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090453]
xref: ABA:AOB
xref: BTO:0004797
xref: MA:0000966
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090453
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0009121 ! vomeronasal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004070
name: cerebellum vermis lobule
namespace: uberon
def: "the region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in the central section of the cerebellum between the two hemispheres; in humans, vermis lobule regions may be nearly continuous with the cerebellar hemisphere lobules dorsally but are separated by deeper longitudinal fissues in the ventral regions; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres" [MP:0009957]
comment: TODO - define as a region overlapping
xref: MA:0002968
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081223
is_a: UBERON:0004004  ! cerebellum lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004720 ! cerebellar vermis
intersection_of: UBERON:0004004  ! cerebellum lobule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004720 ! cerebellar vermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004071
name: cerebellum emboliform nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "the small wedge shaped nucleus interposed between the dentate and fastigial nuclei; it receives axons from Purkinje cells of the intermediate area of the cerebral hemispheres and most of its efferent connections travel via the superior cerebellar peduncle" [MP:0009981]
xref: SCTID:279222003
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004072
name: cerebellum globose nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "the two or three small masses of gray matter that is located medial to the emboliform nucleus and lateral to the fastigial nucleus; it receives axons from the intermediate area of the cerebellar hemispheres and its afferents exit through the superior cerebellar peduncle; it is recognized in human cerebellum but is not distinguishable in all mammalian species" [MP:0009982]
xref: SCTID:279223008
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004073
name: cerebellum interpositus nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "the nucelus composed of the globose and emoliform nuclei of the cerebellum; in some mammalian species the globose nucleus is not distinguishable" [MP:0009984]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004074
name: cerebellum vermis lobule I
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009988]
comment: TODO FMA:61904 lingual gyrus FMA:71032 lingula gyrus (lg)
synonym: "lingula" RELATED [MA:0000998]
synonym: "lingula (I)" EXACT [ABA:LING]
synonym: "lingula of anterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "lingula of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "lobule I of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis lingula" EXACT []
xref: ABA:LING
xref: FMA:83884
xref: MA:0000998
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_932
xref: SCTID:77232000
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 ! cerebellum anterior vermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004075
name: cerebellum vermis lobule II
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009989]
comment: central vs alar central? II and III? part_of CENT in ABA
synonym: "central lobule" BROAD [MA:0000999]
synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum" BROAD []
synonym: "lobule II" EXACT [ABA:CENT2]
synonym: "lobule II of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "vermic lobule II" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081225]
xref: ABA:CENT2
xref: MA:0000999
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081225
is_a: UBERON:0004003  ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003021 ! central lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 ! cerebellum anterior vermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004076
name: cerebellum vermis lobule III
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009990]
comment: II or III?
synonym: "central lobule" BROAD [MA:0001000]
synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum" BROAD []
synonym: "lobule III" EXACT [ABA:CENT3]
synonym: "lobule III of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
xref: ABA:CENT3
xref: MA:0001000
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081226
is_a: UBERON:0004003  ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003021 ! central lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 ! cerebellum anterior vermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004077
name: cerebellum vermis lobule IV
namespace: uberon
def: "The culmen is the portion of the anterior vermis adjacent to the primary fissure of cerebellum. The culmen and the anterior parts of the quadrangular lobules form the lobus culminis[WP]." [MP:0009991, Wikipedia:Culmen_(cerebellum)]
synonym: "culmen of cerebellum" BROAD []
synonym: "lobule IV of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis culmen" BROAD [FMA:83886]
xref: ABA:CUL4
xref: MA:0001001
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081227
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007763 ! cerebellum culmen
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003021

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004078
name: cerebellum vermis lobule IX
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009992]
synonym: "cerebellar posterior vermis lobule IX" EXACT [PMID:2022820]
synonym: "lobule IX of cerebellar posterior vermis" EXACT [PMID:2022820]
synonym: "lobule IX of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis uvula" EXACT [FMA:83883]
synonym: "uvula (IX)" EXACT [ABA:UVU]
synonym: "uvula [vermis]" EXACT []
synonym: "uvula of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83883]
synonym: "uvula of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "vermic lobule IX" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081234]
xref: ABA:UVU
xref: FMA:83883
xref: MA:0001006
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081234
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004079
name: cerebellum vermis lobule V
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009993]
synonym: "culmen" BROAD [MA:0001002]
synonym: "culmen of cerebellum" BROAD []
synonym: "lobule V" EXACT [ABA:CUL5]
synonym: "lobule V of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis culmen" BROAD [FMA:83886]
xref: ABA:CUL5
xref: MA:0001002
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081228
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007763 ! cerebellum culmen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004080
name: cerebellum vermis lobule VI
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0000909
alt_id: UBERON:Declive-MA_0001003
def: "." [MP:0009994]
synonym: "declive" BROAD [MA:0001003]
synonym: "declive (VI)" EXACT [ABA:DEC]
synonym: "declive of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "declive of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "lobule VI of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis declive" EXACT [FMA:83887]
synonym: "vermic lobule vi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081229]
xref: ABA:DEC
xref: FMA:83887
xref: MA:0001003
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081229
xref: SCTID:279385000
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004009 ! cerebellum posterior vermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004081
name: cerebellum vermis lobule VII
namespace: uberon
def: "The folium vermis is a short, narrow, concealed band at the posterior extremity of the vermis, consisting apparently of a single folium, but in reality marked on its upper and under surfaces by secondary fissures. Laterally, it expands in either hemisphere into a considerable lobule, the superior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris superior; postero-superior lobules), which occupies the posterior third of the upper surface of the hemisphere, and is bounded below by the horizontal sulcus. The superior semilunar lobules and the folium vermis form the lobus semilunaris." [MP:0009995, Wikipedia:Folium_(vermis)]
comment: check MA, MP, FMA, folium?
synonym: "folium" BROAD [MA:0001004]
synonym: "folium lobule" NARROW [MP:0009995]
synonym: "folium of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "folium of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "folium-tuber vermis (VII)" EXACT [ABA:FOTU]
synonym: "lobule VII of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis folium" EXACT [FMA:83889]
synonym: "vermic lobule VII" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081230]
xref: ABA:FOTU
xref: FMA:83889
xref: MA:0001004
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081230
xref: SCTID:369044003
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004009 ! cerebellum posterior vermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004082
name: cerebellum vermis lobule VIII
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002312
def: "." [MP:0009996]
synonym: "cerebellum lobule VIII" EXACT []
synonym: "lobule VIII of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis pyramis" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis pyramus" EXACT []
synonym: "pyramis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081233]
synonym: "pyramis of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83888]
synonym: "pyramus" BROAD [MA:0001005]
synonym: "pyramus (VIII)" EXACT [ABA:PYR]
synonym: "pyramus of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "pyramus of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83888]
synonym: "vermic lobule VIII" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081233]
xref: ABA:PYR
xref: FMA:83888
xref: MA:0001005
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081233
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004009 ! cerebellum posterior vermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004083
name: cerebellum vermis lobule X
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009997]
synonym: "lobule X of cerebellum vermis" EXACT []
synonym: "neuraxis nodulus" EXACT []
synonym: "nodulus" BROAD [MA:0001007]
synonym: "nodulus (X)" EXACT [ABA:NOD]
synonym: "nodulus of cerebellum" EXACT []
synonym: "nodulus of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT []
xref: ABA:NOD
xref: FMA:83882
xref: MA:0001007
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1165
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004086
name: brain ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid" []
comment: Note that FMA draws the distinction between e.g. 'fourth ventricle' and 'cavity of fourth ventricle'. The latter is a cavity, and part of the former, which is a region. The superclass of 'fourth ventricle' is_a 'region of ventricular system of the brain'. We place this class here, although it is not equivalent to ventricles, as it includes ventricle bodies.
synonym: "cerebral ventricle" EXACT [HP:0002118]
synonym: "region of ventricular system of brain" EXACT [FMA:78447]
xref: BTO:0001442
xref: EFO:0001914
xref: FMA:78447
xref: MA:0000818
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1356
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmTY65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:180929003
xref: UMLS:C0007799
xref: ncithesaurus:Ventricle_Brain
is_a: UBERON:0005358  ! ventricle of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005282 ! ventricular system of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004087
name: vena cava
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior and inferior vena cava are collectively called the venae cavae. They are the veins that return deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart. They both empty into the right atrium. The inferior vena cava (or posterior vena cava in animals) travels up alongside the abdominal aorta with blood from the lower part of the body (see # 11 in the diagram). It is the largest vein in the body. The superior vena cava (or anterior vena cava in animals) is above the heart, and forms from a convergence of the left and right brachiocephalic veins that contain blood from the head and the arms (see # 3 in the diagram). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Venae_cavae]
xref: AAO:0010215
xref: BTO:0001438
xref: EMAPA:18415
xref: GAID:547
xref: MA:0000068
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.949
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rkJQ4U6gEEdudWQACs5b6Bw
xref: SCTID:244405007
xref: UMLS:C0042460
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Relations_of_the_aorta,_trachea,_esophagus_and_other_heart_structures.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Heart_numlabels.png/200px-Heart_numlabels.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vena_Cava
is_a: UBERON:0003479  ! thoracic cavity vein
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004088
name: ocular region
namespace: uberon
def: "." [HP:0000284]
comment: TODO: consider the following: eyeball (eye proper) part_of eye (= eyeball+eyelid etc) part_of ocular region (= eye + adnexa such as eyebrow); note the FMA class is more narrow though, and is more like eye + muscles + vasculature // in HP covers eyelid, eyebrow.
synonym: "content of orbital part of eye" EXACT [FMA:260119]
synonym: "eye region" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "orbital content" RELATED [FMA:260119]
xref: FMA:260119
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004089
name: midface
namespace: uberon
def: "the middle of the face including the nose and its associated bony structures[MW]." [HP:0000309, http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/midface]
comment: editors note: this class is currently a union of the snout (e.g. in mouse), the midface and the lower face. Note that in MA, snout includes the whole jaw and should thus be more alike the lower face than the midface, so its placement here is not strictly accurate. In future we might introduce specific classes for each of these, and include the full parthood relationships. if this is done, then care should be taken to preserve inferences such as an abnormality of the lower face being an abnormality of the midface.
synonym: "lower face" RELATED []
synonym: "midface/lower face" RELATED []
synonym: "snout" RELATED SENSU [MA:0001910]
xref: MA:0001910
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
property_value: has_relational_adjective "midfacial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004090
name: periorbital region
namespace: uberon
def: "." [HP:0000606]
comment: AO notes: does not contain any subparts in FMA. In HP covers eyelid, eyebrow, soft tissue
synonym: "periorbita" EXACT [FMA:59351]
synonym: "periorbital area" EXACT [MA:0002875]
xref: FMA:59351
xref: MA:0002875
xref: SCTID:362646004
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002515 ! periosteum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0004867 ! orbital cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004092
name: hypothalamus-pituitary axis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [HP:0000864]
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004095
name: corticospinal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The corticospinal or pyramidal tract is a collection of axons that travel between the cerebral cortex of the brain and the spinal cord. The corticospinal tract mostly contains motor axons. It actually consists of two separate tracts in the spinal cord: the lateral corticospinal tract and the medial corticospinal tract. An understanding of these tracts leads to an understanding of why for the most part, one side of the body is controlled by the opposite side of the brain. Also the corticobulbar tract is considered to be a pyramidal tract. The corticobulbar tract carries signals that control motor neurons located in cranial nerve brain nuclei rather than motor neurons located in the spinal cord. The neurons of the pyramidal tracts are pyramidal neurons, but that is not how the pyramidal tract got its name, as most of the pyramidal neurons send their axons elsewhere. Instead, it got its name from the shape of the corticospinal axon tracts: when the pyramidal tract passes the medulla, it forms a dense bundle of nerve fibres that is shaped somewhat like a pyramid. [WP,unvetted]." [HP:0002492, Wikipedia:Corticospinal_tract]
synonym: "tractus corticospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corticospinal_tract]
xref: BM:CST
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Gray684.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gray684.png/200px-Gray684.png
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002707 ! pyramidal tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004096
name: odontoid process of cervical vertebra 2
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005210
def: "The toothlike process on the upper surface of the axis, which articulates with the atlas above[GAID]." [GAID:238, HP:0003310, Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Dens_(anatomy)]
comment: TODO check AAO:0000721 odontoid_process -- Anterior process located between the atlantal cotyles that projects into the foramen magnum of the skull and bears facets that articulate with the lateral walls of the foramen
synonym: "axis dens" EXACT [FMA:24043]
synonym: "axis odontoid process" EXACT [MA:0002872]
synonym: "cervical vertebra 2 odontoid process" EXACT [MA:0002872]
synonym: "dens" EXACT [EMAPA:26535]
synonym: "dens of axis" EXACT [FMA:24043]
synonym: "odontoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Dens_(anatomy)]
synonym: "odontoid process" EXACT [FMA:24043]
synonym: "odontoid process of axis" EXACT [FMA:24043]
xref: AAO:0000721
xref: EMAPA:26535
xref: FMA:24043
xref: GAID:238
xref: MA:0002872
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.834.151.383.668
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwIYGoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:181899003
xref: UMLS:C0028881
xref: ncithesaurus:Odontoid_Process
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! cervical vertebra 2
property_value: external_definition "Anterior process located between the atlantal cotyles that projects into the foramen magnum of the skull and bears facets that articulate with the lateral walls of the foramen.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004097
name: obsolete renin-aldosterone axis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [HP:0003350]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004098
name: tibial plateaux
namespace: uberon
def: "." [HP:0003832]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004099
name: joint space of elbow
namespace: uberon
def: "Joint cavity shared by all the joints of the elbow. The elbow joint is a compound joint that actually comprises three separate joints: the joints connecting the upper and lower arm: 1) Articulatio humero-ulnaris and 2) Articulatio humero-radialis as well as the proximal joint connecting the forarm bones: 3) Articulatio radio-ulnaris proximalis. All three share a joint cavity which is highly sinuated/scalloped/coved. Joint spaces of the elbow summarizes the joint cavity shared by all three adjoining joints of the elbow joint." [HP:0003943]
synonym: "synovial cavity of elbow joint" EXACT [FMA:38911]
xref: FMA:38911
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004100
name: renal collecting system
namespace: uberon
def: "The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that connect the nephrons to the ureter. It participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone." [HP:0004742, Wikipedia:Collecting_duct_system]
synonym: "collecting duct system" EXACT [Wikipedia:Collecting_duct_system]
synonym: "kidney collecting duct system" EXACT [Wikipedia:Collecting_duct_system]
synonym: "tubulus renalis colligens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Collecting_duct_system]
xref: SCTID:279371005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004101
name: nasolabial region
namespace: uberon
def: "." [HP:0005289]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004103
name: alveolar ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth[WP]. The alveolar ridges contain the sockets (alveoli) of the teeth[HP]." [HP:0006477, Wikipedia:Alveolar_ridge]
comment: note that in BTO, this is part of an embryo
synonym: "alveolar body" EXACT [MP:0004189]
synonym: "alveolar bone" EXACT [MP:0004189]
synonym: "alveolar margin" EXACT []
synonym: "alveolar process" EXACT [GAID:215]
xref: BTO:0001383
xref: GAID:215
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.502.125
xref: SCTID:245790000
xref: UMLS:C0447411
xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Ridge
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0008969 ! dental follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004105
name: subungual region
namespace: uberon
def: "Region beneath a nail or claw." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Consider merging with nailbed
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail
property_value: has_relational_adjective "subungual" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004108
name: clivus of occipital bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of the cranium, the clivus is a shallow depression behind the dorsum sellC& that slopes obliquely backward. It forms a gradual sloping process at the anterior most portion of the basilar occipital bone at its junction with the sphenoid bone. On axial planes, it sits just posterior to the sphenoid sinuses. Just lateral to the clivus bilaterally is the foramen lacerum which contains the internal carotid artery, proximal to its anastamosis with the Circle of Willis. Posterior to the clivus is the basilar artery. The clivus supports the upper part of the pons." [HP:0010558, Wikipedia:Clivus_%28anatomy%29]
comment: The clivus is an important landmark for checking for anatomical atlanto-occipital alignment; the clivus, when viewed on a lateral C-spine X-ray, forms a line which, if extended, is known as Wackenheim's clivus line. Wackenheim's clivus line should pass through the dens of the axis or be tangential to it. Editor note: check relationships.
synonym: "Wackenheim's clivus line" RELATED [Wikipedia:Clivus_%28anatomy%29]
synonym: "clivus" EXACT [HP:0010558]
synonym: "occipital bone clivus" EXACT [FMA:75747]
xref: FMA:75747
xref: SCTID:361736007
xref: UMLS:C0222724
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Clivus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Clivus
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
relationship: located_in UBERON:0008788 ! posterior cranial fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004109
name: cortex of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "." [HP:0010629]
synonym: "compact bone of humerus" EXACT [FMA:31542]
synonym: "cortex of the humerus" EXACT []
synonym: "humerus compact bone" EXACT []
synonym: "humerus cortical bone" EXACT []
xref: FMA:31542
is_a: UBERON:0001439  ! compact bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004268  ! lower arm connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004269  ! upper arm connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005808  ! bone tissue of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001439  ! compact bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004110
name: midnasal cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "includes the cavity between the nares and the choanae." [HP:0010641]
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004771 ! posterior nasal aperture
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005928 ! external naris
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004111
name: anatomical conduit
namespace: uberon
def: "any opening in the body." [Wikipedia:Foramen]
comment: note that FMA has both conduit and conduit space. In EHDAA2 this is a surface feature
synonym: "foramen" NARROW [EHDAA2:0003080]
synonym: "foramina" NARROW PLURAL [UBERON:cjm]
xref: AEO:0000080
xref: EHDAA2:0003080
xref: FMA:242873
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004112
name: muscle of middle ear
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle of head that is part of a tympanic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: check tympanic cavity vs middle ear. the same for muscles? Consider merging with muscle of auditory ossicle. Extent in MA/NCITA is stapedius and tensor tympani
synonym: "muscle of tympanic cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "tympanic cavity muscle" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000256
xref: UMLS:C1513769
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_of_the_Tympanum
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
relationship: located_in UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
intersection_of: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004113
name: muscle of auditory ossicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle of head that attaches_to a auditory ossicle." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Extent in FMA/SCTID is stapedius and tensor tympani. Consider merging with tympanic cavity muscle
synonym: "auditory ossicles muscle" EXACT [FMA:49026]
synonym: "muscle of auditory ossicles" EXACT [FMA:49026]
synonym: "ossicular muscle" EXACT [FMA:49026]
xref: FMA:49026
xref: SCTID:244778009
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
intersection_of: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004114
name: tympanic cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear." [Wikipedia:Tympanic_cavity]
synonym: "anatomical cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavitas tympani" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Tympanic_cavity]
synonym: "cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle ear cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle-ear cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tympanum" RELATED [BTO:0002098]
xref: BTO:0002098
xref: EHDAA2:0004119
xref: EV:0100358
xref: FMA:56461
xref: SCTID:362551002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray923.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray923.png/200px-Gray923.png
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
is_a: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
is_a: UBERON:0010064  ! open anatomical space
relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0005625 ! tubotympanic recess
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0010063 ! tympanic cavity epithelium
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004115
name: blood vessel of tympanic cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a tympanic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical cavity of middle ear blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of anatomical cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of middle ear anatomical cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of middle ear cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of middle ear blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle ear anatomical cavity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle ear blood vessel" EXACT []
synonym: "middle ear cavity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tympanic cavity blood vessel" EXACT []
xref: MA:0001219
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
relationship: located_in UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004116
name: nerve of tympanic cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a tympanic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical cavity of middle ear nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of middle ear nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle ear anatomical cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle ear cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of anatomical cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of middle ear anatomical cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of middle ear cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tympanic cavity nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "tympanic cavity nerves" EXACT [MA:0001222]
xref: MA:0001222
is_a: UBERON:0011779  ! nerve of head region
relationship: located_in UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004117
name: pharyngeal pouch
namespace: uberon
def: "embryonic structure that forms on the endodermal side between the pharyngeal arches, and pharyngeal grooves (or clefts) form the lateral ectodermal surface of the neck region to separate the arches. The pouches line up with the clefts, and these thin segments become gills in fish[WP]. Outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)]
comment: AO notes: VHOG and EMAPAA distinguish between pouch endoderm and pouch but we merge those here. Editor notes: consider adding location (precursor) - i.e. internal (endodermal)  // The pouches are polarized structures. For example, whereas the rostral half of each pouch expresses Bmp-7, the caudal half expresses FGF-8 and the dorsal aspect of each pouch is marked via its expression of Pax-1. each pouch has an individual sense of identity. Shh expression is a prominent early feature of the caudal endoderm of the second arch, and individual pouches mark the anterior limits of expression of Hox genes within the pharyngeal endoderm; Hox-a2 has a rostral boundary at the second pouch, Hox-a3 at the third pouch and Hox-a4 at the most caudal pouch[PMID:16313389]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "branchial pouch" EXACT [Wikipedia:Branchial_pouch]
synonym: "pharyngeal pouches" RELATED [VHOG:0001203]
synonym: "visceral pouch" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "visceral pouches" RELATED [VHOG:0001203]
xref: AAO:0011113
xref: EFO:0003627
xref: EHDAA:1086
xref: EHDAA:1669
xref: EHDAA:579
xref: EHDAA:617
xref: SCTID:34674002
xref: TAO:0001106
xref: UMLS:C0231067
xref: VHOG:0001203
xref: XAO:0000282
xref: ZFA:0001106
xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 ! early pharyngeal endoderm
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system
property_value: external_definition "Outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits. Crump et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004118
name: vasculature of iris
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "iris blood vessels" EXACT [ZFA:0005568]
synonym: "iris vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "iris vasculature" EXACT []
synonym: "vascular network of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: ZFA:0005568
is_a: UBERON:0002203  ! vasculature of eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004119
name: endoderm-derived structure
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the endoderm." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Grouping term for query purposes
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004120
name: mesoderm-derived structure
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the mesoderm." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Grouping term for query purposes
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004121
name: ectoderm-derived structure
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Grouping term for query purposes
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004122
name: genitourinary system
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical system that has_part a reproductive system and has_part a excretory system." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "GU tract" RELATED []
synonym: "Urogenitalsystem" RELATED [BTO:0003091]
synonym: "genitourinary tract" RELATED []
synonym: "urogenital system" EXACT []
synonym: "urogenital tract" RELATED [BTO:0003091]
xref: AAO:0000624
xref: BILA:0000122
xref: BTO:0003091
xref: EFO:0003864
xref: EHDAA:1013
xref: EMAPA:16367
xref: EV:0100094
xref: GAID:362
xref: MESH:A05
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rQRpVMgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g
xref: SCTID:278861008
xref: UMLS:C0042066
xref: VHOG:0000286
xref: XAO:0000140
xref: galen:GenitoUrinarySystem
xref: ncithesaurus:Genitourinary_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from intermediate mesoderm (AAO:0010575) CHANGED TO: develops_from intermediate mesoderm (UBERON:0003064)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "genitourinary" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "urogenital" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Kidneys and gonads (of vertebrates) develop from adjacent tissues, and after the excretory or urinary ducts have developed, the reproductive system usually taps into them or their derivatives.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004123
name: myocardial layer
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ component layer that is part of a myocardium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "layer of myocardium" EXACT []
synonym: "myocardium layer" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000080
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004124
name: myocardium trabecular layer
namespace: uberon
def: "The layer of the myocardium composed of projections of contractile myocytes. The trabecular layer is bounded internally by the endocardium. In zebrafish, unlike the trabeculations of higher vertebrates, both atrial and ventricular trabeculae have more strut-like character, and are more uniform without apparent regional differences[ZFA]." [ZFA:0005059]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "myocardial trabecular layer" EXACT []
synonym: "trabeculae" RELATED [TAO:0005059]
synonym: "trabecular layer" EXACT [ZFA:0005059]
xref: EFO:0003706
xref: MA:0002866
xref: TAO:0005059
xref: ZFA:0005059
is_a: UBERON:0004123  ! myocardial layer
property_value: external_definition "The layer of the myocardium composed of projections of contractile myocytes.   The trabecular layer is bounded internally by the the endocardium.  Unlike the trabeculations of higher vertebrates, both atrial and ventricular trabeculae of the zebrafish have more strut-like character, and are more uniform without apparent regional differences Hu et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004125
name: myocardial compact layer
namespace: uberon
def: "outer dense layer of the myocardium uniting the epicardium and myocardium[MP]." [MP:0004056]
synonym: "myocardium compact layer" EXACT [MA:0002865]
xref: MA:0002865
is_a: UBERON:0004123  ! myocardial layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004126
name: trabecular layer of ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A myocardium trabecular layer that is part of a cardiac ventricle." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - check FMA
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "myocardium of region of ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83511]
synonym: "trabecular cardiac ventricle muscle" EXACT [GO:0003222]
synonym: "ventricular trabecular myocardium" EXACT [GO:0003222]
xref: FMA:83511
xref: TAO:0005060
xref: ZFA:0005060
is_a: UBERON:0004124  ! myocardium trabecular layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001083 ! myocardium of ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004784 ! heart ventricle wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0004124  ! myocardium trabecular layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004127
name: compact layer of ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "The outer layer the ventricular myocardium, muscle fibers are arranged in a compact form and involved the entire ventricle." [ZFA:0005062]
synonym: "compact cardiac ventricle muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "ventricle myocardium compact zone" EXACT [MP:0010556]
synonym: "ventricular compact myocardium" EXACT []
synonym: "ventricular myocardial compact layer" EXACT [MP:0010556]
synonym: "ventricular myocardial compact zone" EXACT [MP:0010556]
xref: TAO:0005062
xref: ZFA:0005062
is_a: UBERON:0004125  ! myocardial compact layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001083 ! myocardium of ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004784 ! heart ventricle wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0004125  ! myocardial compact layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
property_value: external_definition "The outer layer the ventricular myocardium, muscle  fibers are arranged in a compact form and involved the entire ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004128
name: optic vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup[GO]. Portion of tissue that is comprised of neuroepitheium which has pinched off from the anterior neural keel and will form the optic cup[ZFA]." [GO:0003404, Wikipedia:Optic_vesicles]
comment: Genes: Six3, Pax6, Rx1 are expressed together in the tip of the neural plate [ISBN:9780878932504 \"Developmental Biology\"]. Development notes: During subsequent develop- ment, the optic vesicle invaginates and becomes a two-layered structure with an inner neural retina and outer retinal pigment epithelium. As soon as the developing optic vesicle makes contact with the overlying ectoderm, it induces the ectoderm to thicken and form the lens placode PMID:16496288
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "evagination" RELATED []
synonym: "ocular vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0000165]
xref: AAO:0011039
xref: EHDAA2:0001320
xref: EMAPA:16540
xref: SCTID:362864008
xref: TAO:0000050
xref: UMLS:C0231106
xref: VHOG:0000165
xref: XAO:0000228
xref: ZFA:0000050
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Gray863.png/200px-Gray863.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Vesicle
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003071 ! eye primordium
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0004880 ! chordamesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004129
name: growth plate cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones as they elongate or grow." [GO:0003417]
synonym: "growth plate" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004130
name: cerebellar layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cell layer of cerebellar cortex" EXACT []
synonym: "gray matter layer of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83141]
synonym: "layer of cerebellar cortex" EXACT []
xref: FMA:83141
xref: MA:0000201
xref: SCTID:360478008
xref: UMLS:C1707522
xref: ncithesaurus:Cortical_Cell_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004132
name: trigeminal sensory nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla. The nucleus is divided into three parts, from rostral to caudal (top to bottom in humans): * The mesencephalic nucleus * The chief sensory nucleus (or pontine nucleus or main sensory nucleus or primary nucleus) * The spinal trigeminal nucleus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nuclei]
comment: TODO: check ZFA link. note this is part of medulla in ZFA, but we do not include this link here as it leads to inconsistencies
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "sensory trigeminal V nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "sensory trigeminal nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000433]
synonym: "sensory trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000433]
synonym: "trigeminal V sensory nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001030]
synonym: "trigeminal sensory nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021730]
xref: MA:0001030
xref: SCTID:280170001
xref: TAO:0000433
xref: VHOG:0001356
xref: ZFA:0000433
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0002925  ! trigeminal nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002925 ! trigeminal nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004133
name: salivatory nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0021751]
synonym: "salivary nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021751]
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004134
name: proximal tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "In mammals, the proximal tubule is a nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle. It has a brush border epithelial morphology[GO]." [GO:0072014]
comment: todo - ensure definition works across species.
synonym: "kidney proximal tubule" EXACT [MA:0002611]
synonym: "proximal kidney tubule" EXACT [MESH:A05.810.453.736.560.570]
synonym: "renal proximal tubule" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001498
xref: EMAPA:28281
xref: MA:0002611
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736.560.570
is_a: UBERON:0006853  ! renal cortex tubule
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001289 ! descending limb of loop of Henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004135
name: distal tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The distal tubule is a nephron tubule that consists of the convoluted and straight distal tubule segments" [GO:0072017]
synonym: "kidney distal tubule" EXACT [MA:0002633]
synonym: "renal distal tubule" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000482
xref: EMAPA:28387
xref: MA:0002633
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.736.560.540
is_a: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004136
name: intermediate tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The intermediate tubule is a nephron tubule that lies between the proximal and distal tubules" [GO:0072018]
comment: todo - check for applicability across species
synonym: "renal intermediate tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "tubulus attenuatus" EXACT [FMA:17718]
xref: FMA:17718
is_a: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004138
name: somitomeric trunk muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The somitomeric trunk muscle is derived from somitomeric mesoderm. The muscle begins its development with the differentiation of the muscle cells and ends with the mature muscle. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.[GO]." [GO:0002075]
comment: TODO - find N+S conditions. SMT & develops_from somite is not specific enough (all SMT develops_from somite)
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002329 ! somite

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004139
name: cardiogenic plate
namespace: uberon
def: "The first recognizable structure derived from the heart field" [GO:0003142]
comment: TODO - check plate vs rudiment vs primordium vs endocardial tube. See XAO
synonym: "cardiogenic crescent" RELATED [GO:0003142]
synonym: "heart rudiment" RELATED []
synonym: "myocardial plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000215]
xref: EHDAA2:0000215
xref: EMAPA:16106
xref: VHOG:0000975
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003084 ! heart primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: homology_notes " (In vertebrates) The embryonic mesoderm is the source of both the cardiogenic plate, giving rise to the future myocardium as well as the endocardium that will line the system on the inner side.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004140
name: heart field
namespace: uberon
def: "a specific region of the lateral mesoderm in which the heart will develop." [GO:0003128]
comment: note that this term denotes the primary heart field; GO:0003128 denotes the superclass of primary and secondary: specific region of the lateral mesoderm into the area which will form the primary beating heart tube[GO:0003138]
synonym: "primary heart field" EXACT [PMID:17276708, XAO:0004185]
xref: XAO:0004185
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004141
name: heart tube
namespace: uberon
def: "Cavitated compound organ that will become the adult heart following looping morphogenesis and valve formation[ZFA]." [GO:0003143, ZFA:0000360]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "early primitive heart tube" EXACT [EMAPA:16208]
synonym: "embryonic heart tube" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010411
xref: EFO:0003526
xref: EHDAA:424
xref: EMAPA:16208
xref: TAO:0000360
xref: XAO:0000337
xref: ZFA:0000360
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005498 ! primitive heart tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004142
name: outflow tract septum
namespace: uberon
def: "The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract" [GO:0003148]
is_a: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004143
name: membranous septum
namespace: uberon
def: "The membranous septum is the upper part of ventricular septum." [GO:0003149]
is_a: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004144
name: muscular septum
namespace: uberon
def: "The muscular septum is the lower part of the ventricular septum" [GO:0003150]
is_a: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004145
name: outflow tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries" [GO:0003151]
synonym: "cardiac outflow tract" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001351
xref: EHDAA:464
xref: EHDAA:798
xref: EMAPA:16229
xref: EMAPA:16346
xref: MA:0000100
xref: VHOG:0000670
xref: XAO:0004139
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004146
name: His-Purkinje system
namespace: uberon
def: "The His-Purkinje system receives signals from the AV node and is composed of the fibers that regulate cardiac muscle contraction in the ventricles" [GO:0003164]
synonym: "HPS" EXACT [ZFA:0005071]
synonym: "His-Purkinji network" EXACT [ZFA:0005071]
synonym: "distal conduction system" EXACT [ZFA:0005071]
xref: TAO:0005071
xref: ZFA:0005071
is_a: UBERON:0002350  ! conducting system of heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004147
name: cardiac Purkinje fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "The cardiac Purkinje fiber is part of the cardiac conduction system that receives signals from the bundle of His and innervates the ventricular cardiac muscle" [GO:0003165]
synonym: "heart Purkinje fiber" RELATED [BTO:0001735]
xref: BTO:0001735
xref: MESH:A07.541.409.683
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004146 ! His-Purkinje system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004148
name: cardiac vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Vein of heart" [GOC:Obol]
synonym: "cardiac vein" EXACT [FMA:12846]
synonym: "coronary vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Coronary_circulation]
synonym: "heart vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004507
xref: FMA:12846
xref: SCTID:277726009
xref: UMLS:C0226654
xref: UMLS:C0226737
xref: galen:CoronaryVein
xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Vein
xref: ncithesaurus:Coronary_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0003498  ! heart blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0013140  ! systemic vein
relationship: drains UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004149
name: ventriculo bulbo valve
namespace: uberon
def: "A heart valve located between the ventricle and bulbus arteriosus." [GO:0003173]
synonym: "bulboventricular valve" EXACT [ZFA:0001375]
xref: TAO:0001375
xref: ZFA:0001375
is_a: UBERON:0000946  ! cardial valve
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 ! endocardial cushion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004150
name: coronary sinus valve
namespace: uberon
def: "Vestigial cardiac valve which is continuous with the valve of the inferior vena cava[FMA]." [GO:0003178]
comment: todo - development
synonym: "thebesian valve" EXACT []
synonym: "thebesius valve" EXACT []
synonym: "valve of coronary sinus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:9242
xref: SCTID:277723001
is_a: UBERON:0000946  ! cardial valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004151
name: cardiac chamber
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac chamber surrounds an enclosed cavity within the heart" [GO:0003205]
comment: generic enough to cover FBbt:00003156 heart chamber but this is a cavity. GO defines it as the cavity. TODO - move subclasses. Note this also includes sinus venosus
synonym: "chamber of heart" EXACT []
synonym: "heart chamber" EXACT []
xref: FMA:7095
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rmexpjPdAEduAAAAOpmP6tw
xref: SCTID:276456008
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004152
name: bulbus arteriosus
namespace: uberon
def: "The bulbus arteriosus is an elastic heart chamber[GO]. Multi-tissue structure that consists of three layers and through which the blood exits the heart. The bulbus arteriosus is a pear shaped chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches[ZFA]." [GO:0003232, PMID:15108157]
comment: Evolution notes: replaces conus arteriosis in cartilaginous fish
synonym: "truncus" EXACT [ZFA:0000173]
xref: EFO:0003505
xref: TAO:0000173
xref: ZFA:0000173
is_a: UBERON:0004151  ! cardiac chamber
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007287 ! presumptive bulbus arteriosus
property_value: external_definition "A pear shaped chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches. The bulbus arteriosus has three distinct layers. Hu et al. 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004153
name: ventricular septum intermedium
namespace: uberon
def: "Endocardial cushions project into the atrial canal, and, meeting in the middle line, unite to form the septum intermedium which divides the canal into two channels, the future right and left atrioventricular orifices[Gray's via WP]." [GO:0003282, Wikipedia:Septum_intermedium]
synonym: "septum intermedium" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:361468003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray467.png
is_a: UBERON:0002094  ! interventricular septum
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 ! endocardial cushion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004154
name: septum primum
namespace: uberon
def: "In the developing heart, the cavity of the primitive atrium becomes subdivided into right and left chambers by a septum, the septum primum, which grows downward into the cavity. The increasingly smaller gap below it (before it fuses with the endocardial cushion) is known as the ostium primum. The septum primum eventually fuses with the endocardial cushion, closing the ostium primum off completely. Meanwhile, perforations appear in the superior part of the septum primum, forming the ostium secundum. This will eventually form part of the fossa ovalis.." [GO:0003284, Wikipedia:Septum_primum]
comment: AO notes: part_of IAS in EHDAA2
synonym: "interatrial septum primum" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001825]
xref: EHDAA2:0001825
xref: EHDAA:1900
xref: EMAPA:17013
xref: FMA:63909
xref: SCTID:362017007
xref: UMLS:C0225837
xref: VHOG:0000020
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Gray465.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Septum_Primum
is_a: UBERON:0002085  ! interatrial septum
property_value: external_definition "The first of the two membranous sheets which partially separate the two atria during embryonic development. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004155
name: septum secundum
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0003285, Wikipedia:Septum_secondum]
comment: The septum secundum, semilunar in shape, grows downward from the upper wall of the atrium immediately to the right of the primary septum and ostium secundum. Shortly after birth it fuses with the septum primum, and consequently the foramen ovale is closed, but sometimes the fusion is incomplete and the upper part of the foramen remains patent. The limbus fossae ovalis denotes the free margin of the septum secundum.
synonym: "interatrial septum secundum" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001827]
xref: EHDAA2:0001827
xref: EHDAA:3406
xref: EMAPA:17864
xref: FMA:63910
xref: SCTID:308850005
xref: UMLS:C0225838
xref: VHOG:0000021
xref: ncithesaurus:Septum_Secundum
is_a: UBERON:0002085  ! interatrial septum
property_value: external_definition "The second of the two membranous sheets which partially separate the two atria during embryonic development. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004157
name: atrial septum primum
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0003289]
is_a: UBERON:0002085  ! interatrial septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004158
name: atrial septum secundum
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0003290]
is_a: UBERON:0002085  ! interatrial septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004159
name: atrial septum intermedium
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0003291]
is_a: UBERON:0002085  ! interatrial septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004160
name: proepicardium
namespace: uberon
def: "An outpouching of the septum transversum[GO]. An embryonic group of progenitor cells that forms near the venous pole of the heart and gives rise to the epicardium[Wiktionary]" [GO:0003342, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/proepicardium]
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004161 ! septum transversum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004161
name: septum transversum
namespace: uberon
def: "A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm[VHOG]." [VHOG:0000019, Wikipedia:Septum_transversum]
comment: Note that in EHDAA2 this is divided into mesenchymal portion and hepatic diverticulum
synonym: "transverse septum" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EHDAA2:0001829
xref: EHDAA:736
xref: EMAPA:16318
xref: SCTID:308819008
xref: UMLS:C0231004
xref: VHOG:0000019
xref: ncithesaurus:Septum_Transversum
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
property_value: external_definition "A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart (of other tetrapods) is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004162
name: pulmonary myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "The pulmonary myocardium is the myocardial tissue present in the pulmonary vein" [GO:0003350]
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002016 ! pulmonary vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004163
name: anterior ectodermal midgut
namespace: uberon
def: "portions of the midgut that are derived from ectoderm." [GO:0007441]
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004164
name: branchiomeric muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The branchiomeric muscle is derived from cranial mesoderm and controls facial expression, pharyngeal and laryngeal function, operating the jaw. Branchiomeric muscles of mammals correspond to the gill musculature of fish[GO]." [GO:0014707, Wikipedia:Branchiomeric_musculature]
comment: Note: Kardong uses this term in a different way, including trapezius and mastoid groups
synonym: "branchiomeric skeletal muscle" RELATED [GO:0014707]
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010360 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004166
name: superior reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0021729, GO_REF:0000021]
comment: check ZFA structures  superior reticular formation  medial column & tegmentum
is_a: UBERON:0002559  ! medullary reticular formation
is_a: UBERON:0002579  ! regional part of medullary reticular formation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 ! medullary reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004170
name: spinal cord ventral commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "the band of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord ventral to the central canal and posterior grey commissure[MP]. The anterior (or ventral) white commissure, also known as the alba anterior medullae spinalis, is a bundle of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord just anterior to the gray commissure. A N4 fibers and C fibers carrying pain sensation in the spinothalamic tract contribute to this commissure, as do fibers of the anterior corticospinal tract, which carry motor signals from the primary motor cortex[WP]." [GO:0021965, MP:0009695, Wikipedia:Anterior_white_commissure]
synonym: "anterior commissure" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MP:0009695]
synonym: "anterior white commissure" EXACT [MP:0009695]
synonym: "anterior white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77035]
synonym: "commissura alba anterior medullae spinalis, alba anterior medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_white_commissure]
synonym: "spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [MP:0009695]
synonym: "ventral spinal commissure" EXACT [MP:0009695]
synonym: "ventral white column" EXACT [MP:0009695]
synonym: "ventral white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77035]
synonym: "white commissure" RELATED [MP:0009695]
xref: FMA:77035
xref: SCTID:424149007
xref: UMLS:C1520137
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray664.png
xref: ncithesaurus:White_Commissure
is_a: UBERON:0007838  ! spinal cord white commissure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004171
name: trigeminothalamic tract
namespace: uberon
def: "the trigeminothalamic tract is one of the major routes of nociceptive and temperature signaling from the face" [GO:0021974]
xref: FMA:83852
is_a: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004172
name: pons reticulospinal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "axon tract that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the pons towards target cells in the spinal cord." [GO:0021975]
xref: SCTID:362404001
is_a: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000988 ! pons
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004173
name: medulla reticulospinal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "axon tract that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the medulla towards target cells in the spinal cord[GO]." [GO:0021976]
synonym: "medullary reticulospinal tract" EXACT [FMA:73989]
xref: FMA:73989
is_a: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004174
name: leg joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Joint in the leg. For example the knee, which separates the leg tibia and femur" [GO:0035111]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0003657  ! limb joint
comment: Originally created for consistenct with GO, obsoleted when the GO class was obsoleted as the meaning was unclear
synonym: "joint of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of lower limb" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004175
name: internal genitalia
namespace: uberon
def: "The internal genitalia are the internal sex organs such as the uterine tube, the uterus and the vagina in female mammals, and the testis, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostate in male mammals" [GO:0035260]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "internal genitalia" EXACT []
synonym: "internal genitals" EXACT []
synonym: "internal reproductive organ" RELATED []
synonym: "internal sex organ" RELATED []
xref: FMA:45652
is_a: UBERON:0003133  ! reproductive organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004176
name: external genitalia
namespace: uberon
def: "The external genitalia are the outer sex organs, such as the penis or vulva in mammals" [GO:0035261]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "external genitalia" EXACT []
synonym: "external reproductive organ" RELATED []
synonym: "external sex organ" RELATED []
xref: FMA:45643
xref: SCTID:362207005
is_a: UBERON:0003133  ! reproductive organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004177
name: hemopoietic organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ that is part of the hematopoietic system." [GOC:Obol]
comment: note that the FMA class 'lymphoid organ' is a general anatomical term
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "haematological system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "haemopoietic system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hematopoeitic or lymphoid organ" NARROW []
synonym: "hematopoietic system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphoid organ" NARROW [BTO:0004605, FMA:7143]
synonym: "organ of haematological system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ of haemopoietic system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ of hematopoietic system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ of organa haemopoietica" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organa haemopoietica organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004605
xref: FMA:7143
xref: SCTID:361338006
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004178
name: aorta smooth muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an aorta [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult aorta involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult aorta non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult aorta smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult aorta smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "aorta involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "aorta non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "aorta smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "aortic smooth muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001685]
synonym: "dorsal aorta involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal aorta non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal aorta smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal aorta smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001685
xref: EFO:0002775
xref: MA:0000702
xref: UMLS:C1706825
xref: ncithesaurus:Aorta_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002111  ! artery smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004185
name: endodermal gut
namespace: uberon
def: "A portions of the gut that is derived from endoderm." [GO:0061031]
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004186
name: olfactory bulb mitral cell layer
namespace: uberon
def: "The mitral cell layer is composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer" [GO:0061034]
comment: note that NIF divides this into main and accessory
synonym: "mitral cell body layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100201]
synonym: "mitral cell layer" EXACT [BTO:0001108]
synonym: "olfactory bulb main mitral cell body layer" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100201]
xref: BTO:0001108
xref: MA:0000973
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100201
is_a: UBERON:0004001  ! olfactory bulb layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004187
name: Harderian gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The Harderian gland is an anterior orbital structure usually associated with the nictitating membrane, and produces and secretes a variety of substances to the eye, depending upon the species[GO]. An accessory lacrimal gland on the inner side of the orbit in reptiles and birds but usually degenerate in mammals[BTO]." [GO:0070384, Wikipedia:Harderian_gland]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "Hardarian gland" RELATED []
synonym: "Harder's gland" RELATED []
synonym: "gland of Hardarian" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000557
xref: EMAPA:19153
xref: GAID:1219
xref: MA:0001247
xref: MESH:A13.445
xref: SCTID:41474005
xref: UMLS:C0018597
xref: ncithesaurus:Harderian_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001817  ! lacrimal gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004188
name: glomerular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The glomerular epithelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the glomerulus. The glomerular epithelium consists of both parietal and visceral epithelium. Metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros." [GO:0072010]
comment: TODO - check - GO says outer, BTO says inner. Make this a superclass
synonym: "epithelium of glomerulus" EXACT []
synonym: "epithelium of kidney glomerulus" EXACT []
synonym: "epithelium of renal glomerulus" EXACT []
synonym: "glomerular epithelial cell" RELATED [BTO:0001515]
synonym: "kidney glomerular epithelium" EXACT [MA:0002847]
xref: BTO:0001515
xref: MA:0002847
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004189
name: glomerular endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus" [GO:0072011]
synonym: "endothelium of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal glomerulus endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004631
is_a: UBERON:0004188  ! glomerular epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004852  ! cardiovascular system endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004190 ! glomerulus vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004190
name: glomerulus vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "The glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the glomerulus" [GO:0072012]
synonym: "renal glomerulus vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal glomerulus vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vascular network of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vasculature of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006544  ! kidney vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004194
name: long nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "Long nephrons are associated with juxtamedullary glomeruli and extend to the inner medulla" [GO:0072029]
synonym: "juxtamedullary nephron" RELATED [GO:0072029, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&amp;aid=3031362&amp;group_id=36855&amp;atid=440764]
xref: UMLS:C1517630
xref: ncithesaurus:Juxtamedullary_Nephron
is_a: UBERON:0001285  ! nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004195
name: short nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "Short nephrons are associated with mid-cortical glomeruli, and have no short ascending limb, so the limb is situated in the outer medulla" [GO:0072030]
is_a: UBERON:0001285  ! nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004196
name: proximal convoluted tubule segment 1
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0006432
def: "The S1 portion is the initial portion of the proximal convoluted tubule and is responsible for avid reabsorption of water and solutes[GO]." [GO:0072031, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&amp;atid=440764&amp;aid=3298740&amp;group_id=36855]
synonym: "S1" BROAD [GO:0072031]
synonym: "S1 portion of renal tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "S1 portion of tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal tubule segment 1" EXACT [MA:0002612]
synonym: "segment 1 of proximal tubule" EXACT [EMAPA:29657]
xref: EMAPA:29657
xref: MA:0002612
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004197
name: proximal convoluted tubule segment 2
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0006433
def: "The S2 portion of the tubule is involved in reabsorption of water and sodium chloride[GO]." [GO:0072032]
synonym: "S2" BROAD [GO:0072032]
synonym: "S2 portion of renal tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "S2 portion of tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal tubule segment 2" EXACT [MA:0002613]
synonym: "segment 2 of proximal tubule" EXACT [EMAPA:29659]
xref: EMAPA:29659
xref: MA:0002613
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004198
name: comma-shaped body
namespace: uberon
def: "The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron" [GO:0072049]
xref: EMAPA:27681
xref: EMAPA:27835
xref: ZFA:0005588
is_a: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0010532  ! primitive nephron
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004209 ! renal vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004199
name: S-shaped body
namespace: uberon
def: "The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron" [GO:0072050]
comment: TODO
synonym: "stage II nephron" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/Renal_vesicle.html]
xref: EMAPA:27756
xref: EMAPA:27853
xref: ZFA:0005589
is_a: UBERON:0010532  ! primitive nephron
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004198 ! comma-shaped body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004200
name: kidney pyramid
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002449
alt_id: UBERON:0005098
def: "Kidney pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a multi-lobed mammalian kidney; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts[GO]. One of a number of pyramidal masses seen on longitudinal section of the kidney; collectively, they constitute the renal medulla, and contain part of the secreting tubules and the collecting tubules[BTO]. Renal pyramids (or malpighian pyramids) are cone-shaped tissues of the kidney. The renal medulla is made up of 8 to 18 of these conical subdivisions. The broad base of each pyramid faces the renal cortex, and its apex, or papilla, points internally. The pyramids appear striped because they are formed by straight parallel segments of nephrons. [WP,unvetted]." [BTO:0003926, GO:0072056, Wikipedia:Renal_pyramids]
comment: not the same as FMA:50609 Pyramid (which is a volume / dimensional entity)
synonym: "malphigian pyramid" RELATED [BTO:0003926]
synonym: "malpighian pyramid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Renal_pyramids]
synonym: "medullary pyramid" RELATED []
synonym: "pyramid" BROAD [GO:0072056]
synonym: "pyramid of Malphigi" RELATED [ncithesaurus:Pyramid_of_Malpighi]
synonym: "pyramides renales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_pyramids]
synonym: "pyramis renalis" RELATED [BTO:0003926]
synonym: "renal pyramid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Renal_pyramids]
xref: BTO:0003926
xref: FMA:258870
xref: MA:0001654
xref: SCTID:361328001
xref: UMLS:C0227629
xref: UMLS:C1514613
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/200px-Kidney_PioM.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pyramid_of_Malpighi
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Pyramid
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005159  ! pyramid of medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004201
name: kidney outer medulla inner stripe
namespace: uberon
def: "The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thick and thin portions of nephron tubules" [GO:0072057]
synonym: "inner stripe" EXACT [GO:0072057]
synonym: "inner stripe of medulla of kidney" EXACT [FMA:76663]
synonym: "inner stripe of outer medulla" EXACT [EMAPA:29675]
synonym: "inner stripe of renal medulla" EXACT [FMA:76663]
synonym: "outer medulla inner stripe" EXACT [MA:0002626]
synonym: "stria interna medullae renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76663, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:29675
xref: FMA:76663
xref: MA:0002626
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004202
name: kidney outer medulla outer stripe
namespace: uberon
def: "The outer stripe is the region of the kidney that lies distal to the line of termination of the straight renal tubules" [GO:0072058]
synonym: "outer medulla outer stripe" EXACT [MA:0002629]
synonym: "outer stripe" EXACT [GO:0072058]
synonym: "outer stripe of medulla of kidney" EXACT [FMA:76662]
synonym: "outer stripe of outer medulla" EXACT [EMAPA:29663]
synonym: "outer stripe of renal medulla" EXACT [FMA:76662]
synonym: "stria externa medullae renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76662, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:29663
xref: FMA:76662
xref: MA:0002629
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004203
name: cortical collecting duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The cortical collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex" [GO:0072059]
xref: BTO:0002643
xref: EMAPA:28130
is_a: UBERON:0006553  ! renal duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004204
name: outer medullary collecting duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The outer medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal outer medulla" [GO:0072060]
xref: EMAPA:28346
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004205
name: inner medullary collecting duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The inner medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal inner medulla" [GO:0072061]
xref: BTO:0004544
xref: EMAPA:28370
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004206
name: long descending thin limb bend
namespace: uberon
def: "The long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment" [GO:0072065]
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001289 ! descending limb of loop of Henle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004207
name: prebend segment
namespace: uberon
def: "The prebend segment is a part of the descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits robust sodium chloride reabsorption" [GO:0072066]
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001289 ! descending limb of loop of Henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005096 ! descending thin limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004208
name: nephrogenic mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron" [GO:0072076]
comment: The detailed events associated with the differentiation of the nephrogenic mesenchyme are somewhat complex. It has been suggested that each terminal branch of the ureteric bud stimulates the associated cap mesenchyme tissue to form a renal vesicle (the most primitive stage of nephron development: a stage I nephron). This then elongates, becomes a comma-shaped and then an S-shaped body (stage II nephron), and makes contact with and fuses with the distal component of the ureteric bud. The latter then forms the collecting duct. One fold of the S-shaped body gives rise to Bowmanbs capsule (also termed the glomerular capsule). Soon afterwards, endothelial cells invade to make a capillary knot-like outgrowth, the glomerular tuft, which goes on to form the glomerulus. The inner epithelial layer of the Bowmanbs capsule (also called the visceral epithelium, or podocyte layer because it consists of podocytes) is closely apposed to the endothelial glomerulus. Together, the Bowmanbs capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. The rest of the nephron elongates to form components of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule. The distal pole of the developing nephron connects to the ureteric bud that induced it at an early stage of nephron/ collecting duct development, before differentiation of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule are complete. This connection allows the excretory products produced by the kidney to be removed and subsequently transferred, via the ureter, into the bladder where they are stored until it is appropriate to empty the bladder. [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
synonym: "mesenchyme of nephron" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nephron mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001285 ! nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001285 ! nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004209
name: renal vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. " [GO:0072077]
comment: Editor notes: note that this class includes both metanephric and mesonephric vesicles - ZFA and EHDAA2 associations are placed with these classes. TODO - make a more specific develops_from relationship - see UBERON:0005107
synonym: "stage I nephron" EXACT [ZFA:0005586, http://www.gudmap.org/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/Renal_vesicle.html]
is_a: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007503  ! epithelial vesicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004208 ! nephrogenic mesenchyme
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004211
name: nephron epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron" [GO:0072088]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of nephron" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of nephron" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nephron epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0004819  ! kidney epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004212
name: glomerular capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "A capillary that is part of a renal glomerulus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "blood capillary of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "capillary vessel of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "glomerular capillaries" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "glomerular capillary system" RELATED [MA:0002587]
synonym: "renal glomerulus blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal glomerulus capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal glomerulus capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:28245
xref: MA:0002587
xref: SCTID:362049007
xref: TAO:0005284
xref: UMLS:C0226356
xref: ZFA:0005284
xref: ncithesaurus:Glomerular_Capillary
is_a: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0003527  ! kidney capillary
is_a: UBERON:0004188  ! glomerular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004190 ! glomerulus vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001982  ! capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus
property_value: external_definition "Capillary that is part of the renal glomerulus. Glomerular capillary endothelial membranes in zebrafish normally have a fenestrated morphology that is visible at the ultrastructural level.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004214
name: upper leg nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thigh nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000685
is_a: UBERON:0003431  ! leg nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004215
name: back nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000497
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004216
name: lower arm nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower segment of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000601
is_a: UBERON:0003433  ! arm nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004217
name: upper arm nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000607
is_a: UBERON:0003433  ! arm nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004218
name: lower leg nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of leg nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000679
is_a: UBERON:0003431  ! leg nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004219
name: urethra smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethra involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethra non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethra smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethral smooth muscle" RELATED [MA:0001691]
xref: MA:0001691
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004220
name: large intestine smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: MA class may specifically mean muscle layer, but we treat as the sum of smooth muscle in both muscle layer and muscularis mucosa
synonym: "involuntary muscle of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestine involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestine non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "large intestine smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001547
is_a: UBERON:0004221  ! intestine smooth muscle
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0011198 ! muscle layer of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004221
name: intestine smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: MA class may specifically mean muscle layer, but we treat as the sum of smooth muscle in both muscle layer and muscularis mucosa
synonym: "bowel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bowel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinal smooth muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000643]
synonym: "intestine involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestine smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000643
xref: MA:0001539
xref: UMLS:C1708547
xref: ncithesaurus:Intestinal_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004226  ! gastrointestinal system smooth muscle
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0012367 ! muscle layer of intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004222
name: stomach smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a stomach [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001818]
synonym: "gastric smooth muscle" RELATED [MA:0001627]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001818]
synonym: "stomach non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventriculus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001818
xref: MA:0001627
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004226  ! gastrointestinal system smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004223
name: vagina smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a vagina [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vagina involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vagina non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vagina smooth muscle" RELATED [BTO:0004999]
synonym: "vagina smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vaginal smooth muscle" EXACT [BTO:0004999]
xref: BTO:0004999
xref: MA:0001733
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004224
name: vas deferens smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a vas deferens [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - check MA and FMA classes mean the same thing
synonym: "muscle layer of deferent duct" EXACT [FMA:19239]
synonym: "muscle layer of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239]
synonym: "muscle layer of vas deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239]
synonym: "muscular coat of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239]
synonym: "muscular layer of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239]
synonym: "muscularis of vas deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239]
synonym: "tunica muscularis (Ductus deferens)" EXACT [FMA:19239]
synonym: "tunica muscularis ductus deferentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19239, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:29270
xref: FMA:19239
xref: MA:0001750
xref: SCTID:299705008
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004225
name: respiratory system smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "airway smooth muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001660]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory smooth muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001660]
synonym: "respiratory system involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001660
xref: MA:0001830
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004226
name: gastrointestinal system smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive system involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive system non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive system smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive system smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastrointestinal system involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastrointestinal system non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastrointestinal system smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001523
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004227
name: kidney pelvis smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a renal pelvis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney pelvis involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney pelvis non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney pelvis smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:262022
xref: MA:0002631
is_a: UBERON:0009919  ! ureter smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004228
name: urinary bladder smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder muscle" EXACT [MA:0001697]
synonym: "urinary bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001849
xref: MA:0001697
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004229
name: urinary bladder trigone smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deep trigone involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deep trigone non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deep trigone smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deep trigone smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone muscle" EXACT [MA:0001700]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical trigone involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical trigone non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical trigone smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical trigone smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001700
is_a: UBERON:0004228  ! urinary bladder smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004230
name: urinary bladder neck smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder neck involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder neck non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder neck smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder neck smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of urinary bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of urinary bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of urinary bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigonal muscle of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:67990]
synonym: "urinary bladder neck involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder neck muscle" EXACT [MA:0001699]
synonym: "urinary bladder neck non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder neck smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical neck involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical neck non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical neck smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical neck smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:67990
xref: MA:0001699
is_a: UBERON:0004228  ! urinary bladder smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004231
name: anal region smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an anal region [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal part of perineum involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal part of perineum non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal part of perineum smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal part of perineum smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal region involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal region non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal region smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal triangle involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal triangle non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal triangle smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal triangle smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001532
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004232
name: lymphatic vessel smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lymphatic vessel [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymph vessel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000751
xref: UMLS:C1708791
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_Vessel_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004233
name: lower respiratory tract smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower respiratory tract involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower respiratory tract non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower respiratory tract smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002410
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004225  ! respiratory system smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004234
name: iris smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "iris involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "iris non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "iris smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000655
xref: MA:0001270
is_a: UBERON:0001606  ! muscle of iris
is_a: UBERON:0003386  ! smooth muscle of eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004236
name: arteriole smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an arteriole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000706
is_a: UBERON:0002111  ! artery smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004237
name: blood vessel smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0010508
def: "smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels." [Wikipedia:Vascular_smooth_muscle]
comment: Function notes: Vascular smooth muscle contracts or relaxes to both change the volume of blood vessels and the local blood pressure, a mechanism that is responsible for the redistribution of the blood within the body to areas where it is needed (i.e. areas with temporarily enhanced oxygen consumption). Thus the main function of vascular smooth muscle tonus is to regulate the caliber of the blood vessels in the body. Excessive vasoconstriction leads to hypertension, while excessive vasodilation as in shock leads to hypotension.
synonym: "blood vessel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vascular smooth muscle" EXACT [ZFA:0005321]
synonym: "vascular smooth muscle tissue" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001431
xref: CALOHA:TS-1107
xref: MA:0000710
xref: MESH:A02.633.570.491
xref: TAO:0005321
xref: UMLS:C1519956
xref: ZFA:0005321
xref: ncithesaurus:Vascular_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004238
name: spleen smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a spleen [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spleen involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spleen non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spleen smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000757
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004239
name: small intestine smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: MA class may specifically mean muscle layer, but we treat as the sum of smooth muscle in both muscle layer and muscularis mucosa
synonym: "involuntary muscle of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small bowel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "small intestine smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001559
is_a: UBERON:0004221  ! intestine smooth muscle
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0011201 ! muscle layer of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004240
name: gall bladder smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary smooth muscle" RELATED [MA:0001635]
synonym: "gall bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gall bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gall bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001635
xref: UMLS:C1708179
xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004241
name: main bronchus smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001848
is_a: UBERON:0004242  ! bronchus smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004242
name: bronchus smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001840
xref: UMLS:C1707055
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004233  ! lower respiratory tract smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004246
name: outflow tract smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outflow tract involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outflow tract non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outflow tract smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000492
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004247
name: back bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "back bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000494
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004248
name: pedal digit bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb digit. Typically phalanges but may include sesamoids." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "bone of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of foot bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of foot bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digital bone of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "digitus pedis bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus pedis bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit bone" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000646, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "foot digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000646
is_a: UBERON:0012359  ! pedal digitopodium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004249
name: manual digit bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a forelimb digit. Typically phalanges but may include sesamoids." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "bone of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of hand bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of hand bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digital bone of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "digitus manus bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digitus manus bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit bone" EXACT SENSU [MA:0000622, NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000622
is_a: UBERON:0012358  ! manual digitopodium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004250
name: upper arm bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm stylopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm stylopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region stylopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region stylopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000604
is_a: UBERON:0003466  ! forelimb zeugopod bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004251
name: hindlimb zeugopod bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower leg bone" EXACT [MA:0000676]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of leg bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of leg bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000676
is_a: UBERON:0005893  ! leg bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004252
name: hindlimb stylopod muscle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0000374
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb stylopod (upper leg)[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of thigh" EXACT [FMA:22470]
synonym: "thigh muscle" EXACT [FMA:22470]
synonym: "upper leg muscle" EXACT [MA:0000684]
xref: BTO:0001367
xref: FMA:22470
xref: MA:0000684
xref: SCTID:245013005
is_a: UBERON:0001383  ! muscle of leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004253
name: skin muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a skin of body [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: review as part of general integumentary system review - part of skin, or more generally, integumental system
synonym: "muscle of integumental system" EXACT [EMAPA:18187]
synonym: "muscle organ of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18187
xref: MA:0002710
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004254
name: forelimb zeugopod muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a forelimb zeugopod (lower arm)[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forearm muscle" EXACT [FMA:37371]
synonym: "lower arm muscle" EXACT [MA:0000600]
synonym: "muscle of forearm" EXACT [FMA:37371]
synonym: "wing zeugopod muscle" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:37371
xref: MA:0000600
xref: SCTID:181631004
is_a: UBERON:0001499  ! muscle of arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004255
name: forelimb stylopod muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a forelimb stylopod (upper arm)[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: the FMA class \"muscle of arm\" belongs here, do not move. See notes on UBERON:0001460 for possible terminological confusion over term 'arm'
synonym: "muscle of arm" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:37370]
synonym: "muscle of upper arm" EXACT [MA:0000606]
synonym: "upper arm muscle" EXACT [MA:0000606]
synonym: "wing stylopod muscle" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:37370
xref: MA:0000606
xref: SCTID:244979005
is_a: UBERON:0001499  ! muscle of arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004256
name: hindlimb zeugopod muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb zeugopod (lower leg) [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: the FMA class \"muscle of leg\" belongs here, do not move. See notes on UBERON:0000978 for possible terminological confusion over term 'leg'
synonym: "calf muscle" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower leg muscle" EXACT [MA:0000678]
synonym: "muscle of leg" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:22471]
xref: FMA:22471
xref: MA:0000678
xref: SCTID:265806001
is_a: UBERON:0001383  ! muscle of leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004257
name: upper leg blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb stylopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb stylopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thigh blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000681
is_a: UBERON:0003503  ! leg blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005225  ! upper leg epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004258
name: back blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000493
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004259
name: lower arm blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb zeugopod blood vessel" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: MA:0000597
is_a: UBERON:0003247  ! epithelium of forearm
is_a: UBERON:0003507  ! arm blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004260
name: upper arm blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb stylopod blood vessel" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: MA:0000603
is_a: UBERON:0003507  ! arm blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005228  ! upper arm epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004261
name: lower leg blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod blood vessel" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: MA:0000675
is_a: UBERON:0003503  ! leg blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005229  ! lower leg epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004262
name: upper leg skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hind limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of inferior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thigh skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18159
xref: FMA:37790
xref: MA:0000686
xref: SCTID:181547006
is_a: UBERON:0001511  ! skin of leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004263
name: upper arm skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of brachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18062
xref: MA:0000608
xref: SCTID:181531009
is_a: UBERON:0002427  ! arm skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004264
name: lower leg skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of leg skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18156
xref: MA:0000680
xref: SCTID:244180007
is_a: UBERON:0001511  ! skin of leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004265
name: outflow tract myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "A myocardium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart myocardium of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of heart of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "myocardium of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outflow tract cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outflow tract heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outflow tract heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outflow tract muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001358
xref: MA:0000489
xref: VHOG:0000603
is_a: UBERON:0002349  ! myocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0002349  ! myocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
property_value: homology_notes " (...) (theme) is how the vertebrate cardiovascular system differs from that of the presumptive evolutionary chordate ancestor. (...) At best we can tell there are two essential new ingredients: (1) vertebrates all have a continuous endothelial lining to the heart and vessels and (2) vertebrates have developed a second chamber in the heart, one designed for generating high systemic blood pressure.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004266
name: upper leg connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thigh connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thigh portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thigh textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper leg portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper leg textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000683
is_a: UBERON:0003569  ! leg connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004267
name: back connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "back portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "back textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000495
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004268
name: lower arm connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antebrachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower segment of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower segment of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower segment of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000599
is_a: UBERON:0003573  ! arm connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004269
name: upper arm connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brachial region stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000605
is_a: UBERON:0003573  ! arm connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004270
name: lower leg connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind limb zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior member zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower leg portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower leg textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of leg connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of leg portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of leg textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000677
is_a: UBERON:0003569  ! leg connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004271
name: outflow tract pericardium
namespace: uberon
def: "A pericardium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pericardium of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000491
is_a: UBERON:0002407  ! pericardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0002407  ! pericardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004273
name: cartilaginous joint suture
namespace: uberon
def: "A cranial suture that is part of a cartilaginous joint [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea cranial suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea cranial sutures" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea cranial sutures set" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea cranium suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea suture of cranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilaginous joint cranial suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilaginous joint cranial sutures" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilaginous joint cranial sutures set" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilaginous joint cranium suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cartilaginous joint suture of cranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial suture of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial suture of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial sutures of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial sutures of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial sutures set of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial sutures set of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranium suture of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranium suture of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "suture of cranium of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "suture of cranium of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001498
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002213 ! cartilaginous joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002213 ! cartilaginous joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004274
name: lateral ventricle choroid plexus epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid plexus epithelium of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004450
xref: FMA:242815
xref: MA:0000962
xref: UMLS:C1711323
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_Epithelium_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0003911  ! choroid plexus epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004643  ! lateral ventricle ependyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002307 ! choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002307 ! choroid plexus of lateral ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004275
name: third ventricle choroid plexus epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a third ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid plexus epithelium of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:242821
xref: MA:0000880
is_a: UBERON:0003911  ! choroid plexus epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004642  ! third ventricle ependyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002288 ! choroid plexus of third ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0003911  ! choroid plexus epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004276
name: fourth ventricle choroid plexus epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid plexus epithelium of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:242823
xref: MA:0000984
xref: UMLS:C1707392
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_Epithelium_of_the_Fourth_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0003911  ! choroid plexus epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004644  ! fourth ventricle ependyma
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002290 ! choroid plexus of fourth ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0003911  ! choroid plexus epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004277
name: eye muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle that is part of the eye region." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000156
xref: MA:0000271
xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngx4rwKSh9pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvYA8cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004288
name: skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "all the bones and/or cartilage elements in the body. Together with the articular system, this comprises the skeletal system." [FMA:23875, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Skeleton]
comment: Note that the source FMA definition has been modified here to include cartilage skeletons. We may wish to introduce subclasses for bony/cartilage skeletons.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "set of all bones" EXACT []
synonym: "set of bones of body" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0000168
xref: EFO:0000806
xref: EHDAA2:0001843
xref: EHDAA:5047
xref: FMA:23875
xref: GAID:177
xref: MA:0003006
xref: MAT:0000032
xref: MESH:A02.835
xref: MIAA:0000032
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi1rpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361378004
xref: VSAO:0000026
xref: XAO:0004053
xref: galen:Skeleton
is_a: UBERON:0000480  ! anatomical group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004770  ! articular system
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000025
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "skeletal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004289
name: radula
namespace: uberon
def: "an anatomical structure found in mollusks and used for feeding. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon. It is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters the esophagus. The radula is unique to the molluscs, and is found in all classes of mollusks except for the bivalves." [Wikipedia:Radula]
comment: The first bona fide radula dates to the Early Cambrian,[3] although trace fossils from the earlier Ediacaran have been suggested to have been made by the radula of the organism Kimberella.[WP]
xref: BTO:0001506
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004290
name: dermomyotome
namespace: uberon
def: "The bilaminar epithelium formed from the myotome and dermatome." [AEO:0000214]
synonym: "dermamyotome" RELATED [VHOG:0000676]
synonym: "dermomyotomes" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000676]
xref: AAO:0010572
xref: AEO:0000214
xref: EHDAA2:0003259
xref: TAO:0001513
xref: UMLS:C1511786
xref: VHOG:0000676
xref: ZFA:0001513
xref: ncithesaurus:Dermomyotome
is_a: UBERON:0000486  ! multilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002329 ! somite
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis. Within the dermomyotome there is also a medio-lateral difference. The central region makes dermis, the mesenchymal connective tissue of the back skin. The medial region (closest to neural tube) makes epaxial muscle, and the lateral region (furthest from neural tube) makes hypaxial muscle[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=eurekah&part=A66768]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of somites that gives rise to dermis and muscles.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Thus, representatives of the agnathan vertebrates, chondrichthyans, and sarcopterygians all have a layer of undifferentiated cells external to the embryonic myotome. In the amniotes, this external cell layer is the dermomyotome. The simplest interpretation of the similar position, morphology, and lack of myosin labeling is that a dermomyotome epithelium is a shared, ancestral vertebrate characteristic.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004291
name: heart rudiment
namespace: uberon
def: "a cone-like structure that is formed when myocardial progenitor cells of the heart field fuse at the midline. The heart rudiment is the first structure of the heart tube." [GO:0003313]
synonym: "heart cone" EXACT [GO:0003313]
synonym: "rudimentary heart" EXACT [ZFA:0000115]
xref: TAO:0000115
xref: ZFA:0000115
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003084 ! heart primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004139 ! cardiogenic plate
property_value: external_definition "The migrating myocardial precursors of the heart rudiment form a cone like structure between 19.5hpf and 22hpf, and eventually telescope out into the primitive heart tube at 24hpf.  Stainier 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004292
name: cardiac skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "a specialized extracellular matrix that separates the atria from the ventricles and provides physical support for the heart[GO]. structure of dense connective tissue in the heart that separates the atria from the ventricles. It is not a true skeleton, but it does provide structure and support for the heart, as well as isolating the atria from the ventricles. This allows the AV node and AV bundle to delay the wave of depolarisation such that the atria can contract and assist in ventricular filling before the ventricles themselves depolarise and contract (the AV bundle is the only part of the conduction system that passes from the atria to the ventricles in a normal heart). It also allows the valves (bicuspid, tricuspid, semilunar) to keep open by giving them structural support." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton]
synonym: "anulus fibrosus dexter cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton]
synonym: "anulus fibrosus sinister cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton]
synonym: "cardiac fibrous skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "fibrous skeleton of heart" EXACT []
synonym: "heart fibrous skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "skeleton of heart" EXACT [FMA:9496]
synonym: "trigona fibrosa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton]
synonym: "trigonum fibrosum dextrum cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton]
synonym: "trigonum fibrosum sinistrum cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton]
xref: FMA:9496
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Gray495.png
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004293
name: parasympathetic nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a parasympathetic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve of parasympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001401
xref: EMAPA:17271
xref: MA:0000224
xref: SCTID:276146002
xref: VHOG:0000641
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005428 ! vagal neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010075 ! sacral neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004294
name: glomerular capillary endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a glomerular capillary." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal glomerulus capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001658
xref: SCTID:243993006
xref: UMLS:C0227647
xref: ncithesaurus:Endothelium_of_the_Glomerular_Capillary
is_a: UBERON:0001915  ! endothelium of capillary
is_a: UBERON:0004189  ! glomerular endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004810  ! nephron tubule epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004295
name: sympathetic nerve trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve trunk that is part of a sympathetic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001970
xref: EMAPA:16986
xref: MA:0000227
is_a: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004296
name: respiratory system lymphatic vessel smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphatic vessel smooth muscle that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of lymph vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001826
is_a: UBERON:0004225  ! respiratory system smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004232  ! lymphatic vessel smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003456 ! respiratory system lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003456 ! respiratory system lymphatic vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004297
name: respiratory system blood vessel smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel smooth muscle that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of blood vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001806
is_a: UBERON:0004225  ! respiratory system smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004237  ! blood vessel smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004300
name: distal phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "Terminal phalanx located at the tip of the digits." [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges]
comment: Taxon notes: In human anatomy, the distal phalanges of the four fingers and toes articulate proximally with the intermediate phalanges at the distal interphalangeal joints (DIP); in the thumb and big toe, with only two phalanges, the distal phalanges articulate proximally with the proximal phalanges. The distal phalanges carry and shape nails and claws and are therefore occasionally referred to as the ungual phalanges. The distal phalanges are cone-shaped in most mammals, including most primates, but relatively wide and flat in humans. AO notes:
synonym: "Phalanx distalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges]
synonym: "phalanx distalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges]
synonym: "terminal phalanx" EXACT [AAO:0010676]
synonym: "ungual phalanx" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679]
xref: AAO:0010676
xref: MA:0002914
xref: SCTID:299711006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Scheme_human_hand_bones-en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Scheme_human_hand_bones-en.svg/200px-Scheme_human_hand_bones-en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004301
name: middle phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A phalanx located between proximal and distal phalanges[CJM]. Intermediate phalanges are bones found in the limbs of most vertebrates. In humans, they are the bones of the finger and toe which lie in the middle, between the two wrinkly joints. The thumb and big toe do not have intermediate phalanges. In most other vertebrates, they have a corresponding place in their limbs, whether they be paw, wing, hoof or fin[WP]." [Wikipedia:Intermediate_phalanges]
comment: Taxon notes: in some groups such as whales, there are multiple intermediate phalanges. Editors note: consider using numbering system, and axioms to the effect that there is a single middle phalanx per finger in humans. This should perhaps be renamed 'intermediate phalanx', leaving the term middle phalanx open for the specific intermediate phalanx of a 3-phalanx digit
synonym: "intermediate phalanx" EXACT []
synonym: "medial phalanx" RELATED []
synonym: "penultimate phalanx" RELATED [AAO:0010677]
xref: AAO:0010677
xref: MA:0002915
xref: SCTID:299710007
is_a: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx
relationship: transitively_distally_connected_to UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx
relationship: transitively_proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx
intersection_of: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004302
name: proximal phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "Proximal-most phalanx within a digit[CJM]. Proximal phalanges are bones found in the limbs of most vertebrates. In humans, they are the bones at the base of a toe or finger, the prominent, knobby ends of which are often called the knuckles. In other vertebrates, proximal phalanges have a similar placement in the corresponding limbs, be they paw, wing or fin. In many species, they are the longest and thickest phalanx ('finger' bone)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Proximal_phalanges]
synonym: "phalanx 1" EXACT []
synonym: "phalanx I" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal-most phalanx" EXACT [AAO:0010680]
xref: AAO:0010680
xref: MA:0002916
xref: SCTID:299708005
is_a: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003821 ! metapodium bone
property_value: phalanx_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004311
name: distal phalanx of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:23946]
synonym: "distal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23946]
synonym: "distal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 2 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23946]
synonym: "second finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23946
xref: SCTID:361784003
is_a: UBERON:0003636  ! manual digit 2 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003865  ! distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004312
name: distal phalanx of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:23947]
synonym: "distal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23947]
synonym: "distal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 3 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23947]
synonym: "third finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23947
xref: SCTID:361786001
is_a: UBERON:0003637  ! manual digit 3 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003865  ! distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004313
name: distal phalanx of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23948]
synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:23948]
synonym: "fourth distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23948]
synonym: "fourth finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 4 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23948
xref: SCTID:361788000
is_a: UBERON:0003638  ! manual digit 4 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003865  ! distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004314
name: distal phalanx of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23949]
synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:23949]
synonym: "fifth distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23949]
synonym: "fifth finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 5 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23949
xref: SCTID:361790004
is_a: UBERON:0003639  ! manual digit 5 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003865  ! distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004315
name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of big toe" EXACT [FMA:32627]
synonym: "distal phalanx of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32627]
synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of great toe" EXACT [FMA:32627]
synonym: "distal phalanx of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32627]
synonym: "foot digit 1 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hallux distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:32627
xref: SCTID:361799003
is_a: UBERON:0003640  ! pedal digit 1 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003867  ! distal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004316
name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32628]
synonym: "distal phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32628]
synonym: "foot digit 2 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32628]
xref: FMA:32628
xref: SCTID:361801000
is_a: UBERON:0003641  ! pedal digit 2 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003867  ! distal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004317
name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32629]
synonym: "distal phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32629]
synonym: "foot digit 3 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32629]
xref: FMA:32629
xref: SCTID:361803002
is_a: UBERON:0003642  ! pedal digit 3 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003867  ! distal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004318
name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32630]
synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:32630]
synonym: "foot digit 4 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32630]
xref: FMA:32630
xref: SCTID:361805009
is_a: UBERON:0003862  ! pedal digit 4 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003867  ! distal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004319
name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32631]
synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:32631]
synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal phalanx of little toe" EXACT [FMA:32631]
synonym: "fifth distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32631]
synonym: "foot digit 5 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:32631
xref: SCTID:10770001
xref: SCTID:244674003
is_a: UBERON:0003863  ! pedal digit 5 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003867  ! distal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004320
name: middle phalanx of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 2 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 2 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:23933]
synonym: "middle phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23933]
synonym: "middle phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23933]
xref: FMA:23933
xref: SCTID:263407002
is_a: UBERON:0003636  ! manual digit 2 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003864  ! middle phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004321
name: middle phalanx of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 3 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 3 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23934]
synonym: "middle phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23934]
xref: FMA:23934
xref: SCTID:263408007
is_a: UBERON:0003637  ! manual digit 3 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003864  ! middle phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004322
name: middle phalanx of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23935]
synonym: "hand digit 4 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 4 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23935]
synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23935
xref: SCTID:263409004
is_a: UBERON:0003638  ! manual digit 4 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003864  ! middle phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004323
name: middle phalanx of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23936]
synonym: "hand digit 5 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 5 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23936]
synonym: "middle phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of little finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23936
xref: SCTID:263410009
is_a: UBERON:0003639  ! manual digit 5 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003864  ! middle phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004324
name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32623]
synonym: "middle phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32623]
synonym: "second middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32623]
xref: FMA:32623
xref: SCTID:182152006
is_a: UBERON:0003641  ! pedal digit 2 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003866  ! middle phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004325
name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32624]
synonym: "middle phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32624]
synonym: "third middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32624]
xref: FMA:32624
xref: SCTID:182154007
is_a: UBERON:0003642  ! pedal digit 3 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003866  ! middle phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004326
name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32625]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32625]
synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:32625
xref: SCTID:182156009
is_a: UBERON:0003862  ! pedal digit 4 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003866  ! middle phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004327
name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle phalanx of little toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:230984
xref: SCTID:182158005
xref: SCTID:244673009
is_a: UBERON:0003863  ! pedal digit 5 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003866  ! middle phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004328
name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 2 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:23919]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23919]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23919]
xref: FMA:23919
xref: SCTID:263403003
is_a: UBERON:0002234  ! proximal phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0003636  ! manual digit 2 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004329
name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand digit 3 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:23920]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23920]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23920]
xref: FMA:23920
xref: SCTID:263404009
is_a: UBERON:0002234  ! proximal phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0003637  ! manual digit 3 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004330
name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23921]
synonym: "hand digit 4 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23921]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:23921]
xref: FMA:23921
xref: SCTID:263405005
is_a: UBERON:0002234  ! proximal phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0003638  ! manual digit 4 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004331
name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23922]
synonym: "hand digit 5 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23922]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:23922]
xref: FMA:23922
xref: SCTID:263406006
is_a: UBERON:0002234  ! proximal phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0003639  ! manual digit 5 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004332
name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hallux proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of big toe" EXACT [FMA:43252]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of great toe" EXACT [FMA:43252]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 1st toe" EXACT []
xref: FMA:43252
xref: SCTID:182150003
is_a: UBERON:0003640  ! pedal digit 1 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003868  ! proximal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004333
name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32618]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32618]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 2nd toe" EXACT []
synonym: "second proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32618]
xref: FMA:32618
xref: SCTID:182151004
is_a: UBERON:0003641  ! pedal digit 2 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003868  ! proximal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004334
name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 3rd toe" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal phalanx of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32619]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32619]
synonym: "third proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32619]
xref: FMA:32619
xref: SCTID:182153001
is_a: UBERON:0003642  ! pedal digit 3 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003868  ! proximal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004335
name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32620]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32620]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:32620]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 4th toe" EXACT []
xref: FMA:32620
xref: SCTID:182155008
is_a: UBERON:0003862  ! pedal digit 4 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003868  ! proximal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004336
name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "5th toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32621]
synonym: "foot digit 5 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32621]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:32621]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of little toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of the 5th toe" EXACT []
xref: FMA:32621
xref: SCTID:182157000
xref: SCTID:244672004
is_a: UBERON:0003863  ! pedal digit 5 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003868  ! proximal phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004337
name: distal phalanx of manual digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Taxon notes: The human pollical distal phalanx (PDP) has a pronounced insertion for the flexor pollicis longus (asymmetric towards the radial side), an ungual fossa, and a pair of dissymmetric ungual spines (the ulnar being more prominent). This asymmetry is necessary to ensure that the thumb pulp is always facing the pulps of the other digits, an osteological configuration which provides the maximum contact surface with held objects.[WP]
synonym: "PDP" EXACT [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges#Thumb]
synonym: "distal phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23945]
synonym: "distal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23945]
synonym: "pollical distal phalanx" EXACT [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges#Thumb]
synonym: "thumb distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23945
xref: SCTID:182007006
is_a: UBERON:0003620  ! manual digit 1 phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0003865  ! distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004300  ! distal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004338
name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23918]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23918]
synonym: "proximal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thumb proximal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23918
xref: SCTID:181992006
is_a: UBERON:0002234  ! proximal phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0003620  ! manual digit 1 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004339
name: vault of skull
namespace: uberon
def: "Upper part of skull, consisting of parietals, frontals, post-parietals, and in some species the squamosal and a portion of the alisphenoid" [MP:0000076, PMID:11523816, Wikipedia:Calvaria_(skull)]
comment: Editor notes: We follow PMID:11523816 (Morriss-Kay) in defining the components of the skull vault. Note that there is a conflict with Kardong; e.g. in fig 7.10, Kardong places the squamosal in the temporal series. We cannot place the vault as entirely part of the dermatocranium as it has a small splanchnocranium contribution and a sclerotomal contribution. Terminology notes. we include calvarium as a synonym, but Gray's Anatomy's list includes the Ethmoid and Sphenoid bone in the Calvaria. Some books (and HPO) state that calvaria consists of just the frontal bone, parietal bone, temporal bone, and occipital bone. Note vault may not be precisely equivalent to calvaria
synonym: "calva" EXACT [FMA:52800]
synonym: "calvaria" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0005606]
synonym: "calvarium" RELATED []
synonym: "skull vault" EXACT []
synonym: "skullcap" RELATED [ZFA:0005606]
xref: EHDAA2:0002167
xref: EHDAA:9538
xref: EMAPA:18016
xref: FMA:52800
xref: SCTID:140592008
xref: UMLS:C0205950
xref: VHOG:0000331
xref: ZFA:0005606
xref: ncithesaurus:Skullcap
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
property_value: homology_notes "The earliest tetrapods arose from rhipidistian ancestors and retained many of their skull features, including most of the bones of the dermatocranium.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004340
name: allantois
namespace: uberon
def: "A membranous sac that develops from the posterior part of the alimentary canal in the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles, and it is important in the formation of the umbilical cord and placenta in mammals[VHOG]." [VHOG:0000738, Wikipedia:Allantois]
comment: a diverticulum of the hindgut endoderm [ISBN10:0073040584 \"Vertebrates, Kardong\"]. AO notes: part_of embryo in EHDAA2 - note differences in humans
xref: BTO:0000474
xref: EHDAA2:0000113
xref: EMAPA:16084
xref: EMAPA:16107
xref: EMAPA:28547
xref: MESH:A16.254.403.147
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000114
xref: SCTID:308825007
xref: UMLS:C0002084
xref: VHOG:0000738
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray25.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Allantois
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005631  ! extraembryonic membrane
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
property_value: external_definition "A membranous sac that develops from the posterior part of the alimentary canal in the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles, and it is important in the formation of the umbilical cord and placenta in mammals. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "allantoic" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Structures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes of reptiles and birds appear in mammals: amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004341
name: primitive streak
namespace: uberon
def: "The primitive streak is a structure that forms during the early stages of avian, reptilian and mammalian embryonic development[WP]. the midline ridge of the embryonic epiblast that later develops into mesoderm and endoderm[MP]" [MP:0002231, Wikipedia:Primitive_streak]
comment: AO notes: VHOG includes a very broad grouping here based on PMID:9609826
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
synonym: "primitive streak - blastopore - germ ring" EXACT [VHOG:0001202]
xref: EHDAA2:0001525
xref: EHDAA:185
xref: EMAPA:16072
xref: SCTID:361438007
xref: UMLS:C0033153
xref: VHOG:0001202
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Gray13.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Gray13.png/200px-Gray13.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Primitive_Streak
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:32443
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the blastopore equivalent of chordates (germ ring in fish, marginal zone/blastopore lip in frog and node/primitive streak in chick and mouse) (...) (reference 1); Indeed, the primitive streak has been considered the homologue of the blastopore since the 1870s (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004344
name: cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the four veins in the developing vertebrate embryo which run along each side of the vertebral column" [MP:0004783]
comment: Usage notes: current we conflate the cardinal vein and cardinal vein system
synonym: "cardinal vein system" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000213]
xref: AAO:0011022
xref: BTO:0004385
xref: EHDAA2:0000213
xref: EHDAA:1310
xref: EMAPA:16354
xref: SCTID:362860004
xref: UMLS:C0231085
xref: VHOG:0001197
xref: XAO:0000052
xref: ncithesaurus:Cardinal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryonic pattern is retained, and blood from anterior and posterior systemic tissues is returned in anterior and posterior cardinal veins, both pairs of veins uniting in common cardinal veins near the heart. In derived vertebrates, the cardinals appear but usually persist only in the embryo, being functionally replaced by alternative adult vessels, the precava and postcava (anterior and posterior venae cavae).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004345
name: trophectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition" [MP:0005028]
comment: Editor notes: distinction between trophectoderm and trophoblast unclear/inconsistent in many sources. AO notes: BTO has this has part of the trophoblast
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
xref: BTO:0001840
xref: EHDAA2:0002091
xref: EHDAA:56
xref: EMAPA:16046
xref: VHOG:0000979
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010303  ! extraembryonic epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000085 ! morula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005631 ! extraembryonic membrane
property_value: external_definition "The outer cellular layer of the mammalian blastocyst. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.750, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "trophectodermal" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the trophoblast develops rapidly so that contact may be made with the maternal uterine tissues when conditions are appropriate. We have here an excellent example of an embryonic adaptation, the development of a structure never present in either adult or embryo of 'lower' vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004346
name: gubernaculum
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0000452
def: "embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads. The gubernaculum is present only during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs, being replaced by distinct vestiges in males and females[WP]. Enitoinguinal ligaments that, in the male, connect the fetal testis to the developing scrotum, and, in the female, connect the ovaries to the uterus[MP]" [MP:0005149, Wikipedia:Gubernaculum]
comment: WP def is male/female, split term? EMAP is male-specific. vestigial adult in FMA. TODO
synonym: "Gabernaculum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gubernaculum]
synonym: "caudal suspensory ligament" RELATED [EMAPA:19089]
synonym: "gubernaculae" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "gubernaculum testis" NARROW []
xref: UMLS:C0228051
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Gray1138.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gubernaculum_Testis
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000991 ! gonad
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000323 ! late embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum
property_value: has_relational_adjective "gubernacular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004347
name: limb bud
namespace: uberon
def: "An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb. The limb bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]." [ISBN:9780878932504, MP:0005650, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Limb_bud]
comment: induced_by Fgf10, capable of initiating limb forming interactions between endoderm and mesoderm
synonym: "gemmae membrorum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Limb_bud]
synonym: "limb buds" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "limbbud" EXACT [GO:0060174]
xref: AAO:0010375
xref: BTO:0001640
xref: GAID:1307
xref: MESH:A16.254.462
xref: UMLS:C0282505
xref: XAO:0003161
xref: ncithesaurus:Limb_Bud
is_a: UBERON:0004357  ! limb/fin bud
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002101 ! limb
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005733 ! limb field
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "Early outgrowth of presumptive limb.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004348
name: optic eminence
namespace: uberon
def: "the embryonic structure that gives rise to the corneal ectoderm" [MP:0006305]
xref: EHDAA:938
xref: EMAPA:16322
xref: EMAPA:17003
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001308
xref: VHOG:0001296
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000964 ! cornea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004353
name: female inguinal canal
namespace: uberon
def: "An inguinal canal that is part of a female organism. Conveys the round ligament + the ilioinguinal nerve.[WP,unvetted]." [MP:0008015, Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal#Contents]
comment: AO notes: in MP, this is implicitly part of female reproductive system, but not female genitalia
xref: EMAPA:19171
is_a: UBERON:0003702  ! inguinal canal
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0003702  ! inguinal canal
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004354
name: male inguinal canal
namespace: uberon
def: "An inguinal canal that is part of a male organism. Conveys the spermatic cord and its coverings + the ilioinguinal nerve.[WP,unvetted]." [MP:0008016, Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal#Contents]
comment: AO notes: in MP, this is implicitly part of male reproductive system, but not male genitalia
xref: EMAPA:26913
is_a: UBERON:0003702  ! inguinal canal
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0003702  ! inguinal canal
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004355
name: podocyte foot process
namespace: uberon
def: "the footlike extension of podocytes that interdigitate with one another to form the walls of the glomerular capillaries" [MP:0008059]
comment: TODO - submit to GO
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004356
name: apical ectodermal ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "multilayered ectodermal region at the distal tip of a limb or fin bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme[MP,modified]. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development[WP]. " [MP:0001676, Wikipedia:Apical_ectodermal_ridge]
comment: Usage notes: note that media, dorsal fins etc have AERs. Taxon/development notes: The AER of tetrapods regresses after specification of skeletal progenitors, the AER of teleosts form an elongating fin fold[PMID:20574421]. Function notes: maintaining mesenchyme in plastic proliferating state; maintaining expression of A-P axis genes; interacting with D-V proteins. Genes: AER induced by Fgf10 in mesenchyme. AER secretes Fgf8, which stimulates mitosis in the mesenchyme causing Fgf10 production - positive feedback loop
synonym: "AER" RELATED [MP:0001676]
synonym: "crista ectodermalis apicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Apical_ectodermal_ridge]
xref: AAO:0010760
xref: EMAPA:32744
xref: TAO:0002146
xref: UMLS:C1516037
xref: XAO:0004121
xref: ZFA:0001702
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Limbbuddiagram.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Apical_Ectodermal_Ridge
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass proliferative region (TAO:0000098)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Distal ectodermal thickening which forms along the anterior-posterior limb axis. Signaling from this region influences proximal-distal patterning of the limb. Structure is missing in some lineages (salamanders, Eleutherodactylus coqui) however morphologically their indistinct distal ectoderm may still be involved in signaling.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Proliferative region that is part of the developing fin fold or fin.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004357
name: limb/fin bud
namespace: uberon
def: "An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb or paired fin. The limb/fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]." [ISBN:9780878932504, MP:0005650, UBERON:cjm]
comment: Genes: In limb buds of chick and mouse, Shh expression is activated as soon as there is a morphological bud, whereas in S. canicula fin buds, consistent with reported data in other cartilaginous fishes, Shh is transcribed late in fin development[PMID:17187056]
synonym: "limb - fin bud" EXACT [VHOG:0001258]
synonym: "paired appendage bud" EXACT []
xref: VHOG:0001258
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005732 ! limb/fin field
relationship: has_part UBERON:0004356 ! apical ectodermal ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod limb is derived from a posterior part of the fin endoskeleton of elasmobranchs and basal bony fish, the so-called metapterygium, a series of endoskeletal elements that is the first to form in the developing paired fins. (...) In addition, there is an independent endoskeletal element called the protopterygium that develops anterior to the metapterygium in many basal fishes (e.g., the bichir and sturgeon). Teleosts have lost the metapterygium whereas the sarcopterygians, on the other hand, have lost the protopterygium. Sarcopterygians thus develop all their endoskeletal structures from the metapterygium and consequently the tetrapod limb skeleton is derived from the metapterygium.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004358
name: caput epididymis
namespace: uberon
def: "the head of the epididymis" [MP:0002660]
comment: Structure notes: The head of the epididymis receives spermatozoa via the efferent ducts of the mediastinum of the testis. It is characterized histologically by a thin myoepithelium. The concentration of the sperm here is dilute[WP]
synonym: "caput" BROAD [MP:0002660]
synonym: "caput epididymidis" RELATED [BTO:0000336]
synonym: "epididymal head" EXACT [FMA:18259]
synonym: "epididymis head" EXACT [FMA:18259]
synonym: "epidymis head" EXACT [FMA:18259]
synonym: "head of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18259]
synonym: "head of epidymis " EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000336
xref: EMAPA:19291
xref: FMA:18259
xref: MA:0002762
xref: SCTID:362282002
xref: UMLS:C0228023
xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Epididymis
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004359
name: corpus epididymis
namespace: uberon
def: "the body of the epididymis" [MP:0002661]
synonym: "body of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18260]
synonym: "body of epididymis " EXACT [FMA:18260]
synonym: "body of epidymis " EXACT []
synonym: "corpus epididymidis" RELATED [BTO:0000209]
synonym: "epididymal body" EXACT [FMA:18260]
synonym: "epididymis body" EXACT [FMA:18260]
synonym: "epidymis body" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000209
xref: EMAPA:19293
xref: FMA:18260
xref: MA:0002764
xref: SCTID:279620001
xref: UMLS:C0228022
xref: ncithesaurus:Body_of_the_Epididymis
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004360
name: cauda epididymis
namespace: uberon
def: "the tail of the epididymis" [MP:0002662]
comment: Structure notes: This has a thicker myoepithelium than the head region, as it is involved in absorbing fluid to make the sperm more concentrated.[WP]
synonym: "cauda epididymidis" EXACT [BTO:0000210]
synonym: "corpus" BROAD [MP:0002662]
synonym: "epididymal cauda" EXACT [BTO:0000210]
synonym: "epididymal tail" EXACT [FMA:18261]
synonym: "epididymis tail" EXACT [FMA:18261]
synonym: "epidymis tail" EXACT []
synonym: "tail of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18261]
synonym: "tail of epididymis " EXACT [FMA:18261]
synonym: "tail of epidymis " EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000210
xref: EMAPA:19292
xref: FMA:18261
xref: MA:0002763
xref: SCTID:279621002
xref: UMLS:C0228024
xref: ncithesaurus:Tail_of_the_Epididymis
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004361
name: stylohyoid ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "the fibrous cord that connects the tip of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the lesser horn of the hyoid bone" [MP:0009918, Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum stylohyoideum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum stylohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament]
synonym: "stylo-hyoid ligament" EXACT [MA:0002957]
xref: FMA:72308
xref: MA:0002957
xref: SCTID:66275001
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0003960 ! styloid process of temporal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0003998 ! hyoid bone lesser horn
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004368 ! Reichert's cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004362
name: pharyngeal arch 1
namespace: uberon
def: "First of six branchial arches that develops in fetal life during the fourth week of development.[1] It is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove." [Wikipedia:First_pharyngeal_arch]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "1st arch" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000006]
synonym: "1st pharyngeal arch" EXACT []
synonym: "1st visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000296]
synonym: "arcus pharyngeus primus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:First_pharyngeal_arch]
synonym: "branchial arch 1" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "first branchial arch" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "first pharyngeal arch" EXACT []
synonym: "first visceral arch" EXACT SENSU []
synonym: "mandibular arch" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral arch 1" EXACT SENSU []
xref: AAO:0010364
xref: EHDAA2:0000006
xref: EHDAA:573
xref: EMAPA:16118
xref: SCTID:308767008
xref: TAO:0001595
xref: UMLS:C1517197
xref: VHOG:0000296
xref: XAO:0000097
xref: ZFA:0001612
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray48.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray48.png/200px-Gray48.png
xref: ncithesaurus:First_Pharyngeal_Arch
is_a: UBERON:0002539  ! pharyngeal arch
property_value: external_definition "The first of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004363
name: aortic arch
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004342
def: "One of a series of paired embryological vascular structures which give rise to several major arteries." [MP:0002672, Wikipedia:Aortic_arches]
comment: Usage notes: Do not confuse with arch of aorta. Editor notes: add specific artery derivatives. Development notes: The third, fourth, and sixth arches, along with the seventh intersegmental arteries and the left dorsal aorta, are the primary contributors to the normal aortic arch and its major thoracic branches. Taxon notes: Number varies - Lampreys have 8, hagfishes 15; only up to 6 appear in embryonic development in most gnathostome fishes and all tetrapods
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "aa. arcuum pharyngeorum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches]
synonym: "aortic arches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005004]
synonym: "branchial aortic arches " EXACT PLURAL [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-080512-6]
synonym: "branchial arch artery" EXACT [EMAPA:16684]
synonym: "embryonic aortic arch artery" EXACT [EMAPA:16684, MP:0002672]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch artery" RELATED [VHOG:0000122]
xref: AAO:0010414
xref: EFO:0003695
xref: EHDAA2:0000186
xref: EHDAA:398
xref: EHDAA:7327
xref: EMAPA:16684
xref: TAO:0005004
xref: UMLS:C0003489
xref: VHOG:0000122
xref: XAO:0000341
xref: ZFA:0005004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Gray473.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Gray473.png/200px-Gray473.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Aortic_Arch
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003351  ! pharyngeal epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003469  ! respiratory system artery
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001637 ! artery
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007303 ! pharyngeal vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system
property_value: external_definition "Paired vessels arching from the ventral to the dorsal aorta through the pharyngeal arches. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004365
name: vitelline blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "blood vesself of the yolk sac." [MP:0001719]
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004374 ! vitelline vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004366
name: extraembryonic ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "layer of the endoderm of the extraembryonic tissue." [MP:0002583]
comment: Editor note: we make the germ layer relationship develops_from, as currently the germ layers are declared to be purely embryonic. TODO - check. WP:Amnion - In the human embryo the earliest stages of the formation of the amnion have not been observed; in the youngest embryo which has been studied the amnion was already present as a closed sac, and appears in the inner cell-mass as a cavity. This cavity is roofed in by a single stratum of flattened, ectodermal cells, the amniotic ectoderm, and its floor consists of the prismatic ectoderm of the embryonic diskbthe continuity between the roof and floor being established at the margin of the embryonic disk. Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion.
xref: EMAPA:16065
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004367
name: Descemet's membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "transparent homogeneous acellular layer found between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea[MP]. The strong, resistant, thin, noncellular fourth layer of the cornea, located between the endothelium (from which it is secreted) and the stroma. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)." [MP:0004285]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Descemet membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "Descemet's posterior elastic lamina" EXACT [FMA:58309]
synonym: "lamina limitans posterior" EXACT [FMA:58309]
synonym: "posterior limiting lamina" EXACT [MA:0001246]
synonym: "posterior limiting lamina " EXACT [MA:0001246]
synonym: "posterior limiting lamina of cornea" EXACT [FMA:58309]
synonym: "posterior limiting lamina of cornea " EXACT [FMA:58309]
xref: EMAPA:18804
xref: FMA:58309
xref: GAID:894
xref: MA:0001246
xref: MESH:A09.371.060.217.271
xref: SCTID:281076002
xref: TAO:0002157
xref: UMLS:C0011665
xref: ZFA:0001686
xref: ncithesaurus:Descemet_s_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001985 ! corneal endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is the innermost layer of the cornea and consists of a monolayer of ploygonal cells.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004368
name: Reichert's cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "a continuous cartilaginous formation in mesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch in the embryo. The longer cranial or styloid segment is continuous with the otic capsule; its inferior end is angulated and is situated very close to the oropharynx. The smaller caudal segment is in contact with the body and greater horn of the hyoid cartilaginous structure" [MP:0004916, doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00524.x]
comment: AO notes: in EHDAA2 this also develops from 3rd arch Mes from NC. Development notes: Classically defined as: a structure... develop the stapes, the styloid processes, the stylohyoid ligaments, and the lesser cornua of the hyoid bone; its proximal end gives rise to the stylohyoid ligament. Relationship to stapes disputed.
synonym: "Reichert cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "hyaloid cartilage" EXACT [MP:0004916]
synonym: "hyoid cartilage" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000793]
synonym: "second branchial arch cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "second pharyngeal arch cartilage" EXACT [MP:0004916]
xref: EHDAA2:0000793
xref: EMAPA:17622
is_a: UBERON:0003406  ! cartilage of respiratory system
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010354 ! Reichert's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004370
name: anterior limiting lamina of cornea
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Bowman's anterior elastic lamina" EXACT [FMA:58273]
synonym: "Bowman's layer" EXACT [FMA:58273]
synonym: "Bowman's membrane" EXACT [FMA:58273]
synonym: "Reichert's membrane" RELATED DUBIOUS [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&amp;aid=2956371&amp;group_id=76834&amp;atid=974957]
synonym: "anterior limiting lamina" EXACT [MA:0001240]
synonym: "anterior limiting lamina of cornea" EXACT [FMA:58273]
synonym: "lamina limitans anterior (cornea)" EXACT [FMA:58273]
xref: FMA:58273
xref: MA:0001240
xref: SCTID:281075003
xref: TAO:0002155
xref: UMLS:C0229127
xref: ZFA:0001684
xref: ncithesaurus:Bowman_s_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
property_value: external_definition "Acellular anatomical structure that is the zone of collagen fibers adjacent the basement membrane of the corneal epithelium.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004374
name: vitelline vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "vasculature of the yolk sac." [MP:0001719]
synonym: "omphalomesenteric system" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "vitelline bloos vessel system" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "vitelline system" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004375
name: bone of free limb or fin
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of an appendage [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "appendage bone" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of appendage" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of free segment of appendicular skeleton" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010740  ! bone of appendage girdle complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011582 ! limb/fin skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004376
name: fin bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a fin [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone of fin" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008897 ! fin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012353 ! fin skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008897 ! fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004377
name: distal metaphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "A metaphysis that is in_distal_side_of a diaphysis." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal diaphyseal end of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32824]
xref: FMA:32824
is_a: UBERON:0001438  ! metaphysis
relationship: in_distal_side_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001438  ! metaphysis
intersection_of: in_distal_side_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004378
name: proximal metaphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "A metaphysis that is in_proximal_side_of a diaphysis." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal diaphyseal end of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32823]
xref: FMA:32823
is_a: UBERON:0001438  ! metaphysis
relationship: in_proximal_side_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001438  ! metaphysis
intersection_of: in_proximal_side_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004379
name: distal epiphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that adjacent_to a distal metaphysis." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal end of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32822]
xref: FMA:32822
xref: SCTID:279999006
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004377 ! distal metaphysis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0004377 ! distal metaphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004380
name: proximal epiphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that adjacent_to a proximal metaphysis." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal end of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32821]
xref: FMA:32821
xref: SCTID:279998003
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004378 ! proximal metaphysis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0004378 ! proximal metaphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004381
name: skeleton of limb
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Note that EHDAA2 considers hip and shoulder joints part of limb skeleton.
synonym: "free limb skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000300]
synonym: "limb skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002221]
synonym: "set of bones of limb" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0002221
xref: VSAO:0000300
is_a: UBERON:0010712  ! limb skeleton subdivision
is_a: UBERON:0011582  ! limb/fin skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision that is part of the limb.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004382
name: epiphysis of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a humerus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "humeral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:32825
xref: SCTID:313054009
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004383
name: epiphysis of tibia
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a tibia [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tibial epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33112]
xref: FMA:33112
xref: SCTID:314626006
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004384
name: epiphysis of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a femur [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "femoral epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:32838]
xref: FMA:32838
xref: SCTID:314625005
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004385
name: epiphysis of radius
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a radius [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "radial epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33770]
xref: FMA:33770
xref: SCTID:313055005
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004386
name: epiphysis of ulna
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of an ulna [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ulnar epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33748]
xref: FMA:33748
xref: SCTID:313056006
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004387
name: epiphysis of phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of a manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT []
xref: FMA:240707
xref: SCTID:314620000
is_a: UBERON:0004446  ! epiphysis of phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004388
name: epiphysis of fibula
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a fibula [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibula epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33726]
xref: FMA:33726
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004389
name: epiphysis of metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of metatarsal" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33814]
synonym: "metatarsal epiphysis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:33814
xref: SCTID:313057002
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011973  ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004390
name: epiphysis of metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of metacarpal" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33792]
synonym: "metacarpal epiphysis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:33792
xref: SCTID:314907001
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004391
name: epiphysis of first metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33793]
synonym: "metacarpal 1 epiphysis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:33793
is_a: UBERON:0004390  ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004392
name: epiphysis of second metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal 2 epiphysis" EXACT []
synonym: "second metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33794]
xref: FMA:33794
is_a: UBERON:0004390  ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004393
name: epiphysis of third metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpal 3 epiphysis" EXACT []
synonym: "third metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86328]
xref: FMA:86328
is_a: UBERON:0004390  ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004394
name: epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86329]
synonym: "metacarpal 4 epiphysis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:86329
is_a: UBERON:0004390  ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004395
name: epiphysis of first metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33815]
synonym: "metatarsal 1 epiphysis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:33815
is_a: UBERON:0004389  ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004396
name: epiphysis of second metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metatarsal 2 epiphysis" EXACT []
synonym: "second metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33816]
xref: FMA:33816
is_a: UBERON:0004389  ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004397
name: epiphysis of third metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metatarsal 3 epiphysis" EXACT []
synonym: "third metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86313]
xref: FMA:86313
is_a: UBERON:0004389  ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004398
name: epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86314]
synonym: "metatarsal 4 epiphysis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:86314
is_a: UBERON:0004389  ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004399
name: epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86315]
synonym: "metatarsal 5 epiphysis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:86315
is_a: UBERON:0004389  ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004400
name: bone tissue of epiphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of bone tissue that is part of a epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:241364
is_a: UBERON:0005808  ! bone tissue of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis
intersection_of: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004401
name: bone tissue of distal epiphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of bone tissue that is part of a distal epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:241374
is_a: UBERON:0004400  ! bone tissue of epiphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004402
name: bone tissue of proximal epiphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of bone tissue that is part of a proximal epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:241372
is_a: UBERON:0004400  ! bone tissue of epiphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004403
name: periosteum of epiphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "A periosteum that is part of a epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis periosteum" EXACT [FMA:32687]
xref: FMA:32687
is_a: UBERON:0002515  ! periosteum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis
intersection_of: UBERON:0002515  ! periosteum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004404
name: distal epiphysis of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a humerus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:32826]
synonym: "lower end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:32826]
xref: FMA:32826
xref: SCTID:310655007
is_a: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004382  ! epiphysis of humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004405
name: distal epiphysis of tibia
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a tibia [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33116]
synonym: "lower end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33116]
xref: FMA:33116
xref: SCTID:302527001
is_a: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004383  ! epiphysis of tibia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
intersection_of: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004406
name: distal epiphysis of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a femur [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal femoral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "distal head of femur" RELATED [AAO:0000893]
xref: AAO:0000893
xref: FMA:32844
xref: SCTID:280016000
is_a: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004384  ! epiphysis of femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
intersection_of: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
property_value: external_definition "Head of the femur that articulates with the tibia and fibula.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004407
name: distal epiphysis of radius
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a radius [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal end of radius" EXACT [FMA:33776]
synonym: "lower end of radius" EXACT [FMA:33776]
xref: FMA:33776
xref: SCTID:280013008
is_a: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004385  ! epiphysis of radius
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004408
name: distal epiphysis of ulna
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a ulna [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33754]
synonym: "lower end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33754]
xref: FMA:33754
xref: SCTID:302521000
is_a: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004386  ! epiphysis of ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
intersection_of: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004409
name: distal epiphysis of phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT []
xref: FMA:226577
is_a: UBERON:0004387  ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0004448  ! distal epiphysis of phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004410
name: distal epiphysis of fibula
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a fibula [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33732]
synonym: "lower end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33732]
xref: FMA:33732
xref: SCTID:129111008
xref: SCTID:280018004
is_a: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004388  ! epiphysis of fibula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
intersection_of: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004411
name: proximal epiphysis of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "The upper extremity of the humerus (proximal humerus) consists of a large rounded head joined to the body by a constricted portion called the neck, and two eminences, the greater and lesser tubercles." [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus]
synonym: "head of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus]
synonym: "humeral head" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus]
synonym: "proximal end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23362]
synonym: "proximal humeral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "proximal humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus]
synonym: "upper end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23362]
synonym: "upper extremity of humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus]
xref: FMA:23362
xref: SCTID:280028008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Gray207.png
is_a: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004382  ! epiphysis of humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004412
name: proximal epiphysis of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a femur [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal femoral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:32841
xref: SCTID:244702009
is_a: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004384  ! epiphysis of femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004413
name: proximal epiphysis of radius
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a radius [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "proximal end of radius" EXACT [FMA:39780]
synonym: "proximal radial epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "upper end of radius" EXACT [FMA:39780]
xref: FMA:39780
xref: SCTID:280029000
is_a: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004385  ! epiphysis of radius
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004414
name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:226482]
synonym: "base of phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:226482]
synonym: "basis phalangis manus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:226482, FMA:TA]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT []
xref: FMA:226482
xref: SCTID:272704004
is_a: UBERON:0004387  ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus
is_a: UBERON:0004447  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004415
name: proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:33817]
synonym: "basis ossis metatarsi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:33817, FMA:TA]
synonym: "proximal end of metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:33817]
synonym: "upper end of metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:33817]
xref: FMA:33817
xref: SCTID:119545008
is_a: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004389  ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004416
name: proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:33795]
synonym: "basis ossis metacarpi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:33795, FMA:TA]
synonym: "metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:33795]
synonym: "proximal end of metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:33795]
synonym: "upper end of metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:33795]
xref: FMA:33795
xref: SCTID:272695001
is_a: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004390  ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004417
name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 1 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37489]
synonym: "base of phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37489]
synonym: "base of phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37489]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37489, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37489
xref: SCTID:272700008
is_a: UBERON:0004414  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003620 ! manual digit 1 phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003620 ! manual digit 1 phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004418
name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 2 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37498]
synonym: "base of phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37498]
synonym: "base of phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37498]
synonym: "base of phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37498]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37498, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2" EXACT []
xref: FMA:37498
xref: SCTID:368307004
is_a: UBERON:0004414  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003636 ! manual digit 2 phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003636 ! manual digit 2 phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004419
name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 3 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37510]
synonym: "base of phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37510]
synonym: "base of phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37510]
synonym: "base of phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37510]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37510, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37510
xref: SCTID:181997000
is_a: UBERON:0004414  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003637 ! manual digit 3 phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003637 ! manual digit 3 phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004420
name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 4 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37522]
synonym: "base of phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37522]
synonym: "base of phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37522]
synonym: "base of phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37522]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4" EXACT []
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37522, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37522
xref: SCTID:368337008
is_a: UBERON:0004414  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003638 ! manual digit 4 phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003638 ! manual digit 4 phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004421
name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 5 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37534]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37534]
synonym: "base of phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37534]
synonym: "base of phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37534]
synonym: "base of phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37534]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37534, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5" EXACT []
xref: FMA:37534
xref: SCTID:368351008
is_a: UBERON:0004414  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003639 ! manual digit 5 phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003639 ! manual digit 5 phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004422
name: proximal epiphysis of first metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of first metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42788]
synonym: "first metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42788]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 1" EXACT []
xref: FMA:42788
xref: SCTID:181978000
is_a: UBERON:0004391  ! epiphysis of first metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0004416  ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004423
name: proximal epiphysis of second metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of second metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42791]
synonym: "proximal end of second metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42791]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 2" EXACT []
synonym: "second metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42791]
xref: FMA:42791
xref: SCTID:263461004
is_a: UBERON:0004392  ! epiphysis of second metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0004416  ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004424
name: proximal epiphysis of third metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of third metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42794]
synonym: "proximal end of third metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42794]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 3" EXACT []
synonym: "third metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42794]
xref: FMA:42794
xref: SCTID:263465008
is_a: UBERON:0004393  ! epiphysis of third metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0004416  ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004425
name: proximal epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of fourth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42797]
synonym: "fourth metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42797]
synonym: "proximal end of fourth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42797]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 4" EXACT []
xref: FMA:42797
xref: SCTID:263469002
is_a: UBERON:0004394  ! epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0004416  ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004426
name: proximal epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of fifth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42800]
synonym: "fifth metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42800]
synonym: "proximal end of fifth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42800]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 5" EXACT []
xref: FMA:42800
xref: SCTID:263473004
is_a: UBERON:0004416  ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0011104  ! epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004427
name: proximal epiphysis of first metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of first metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42963]
synonym: "proximal end of first metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42963]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 1" EXACT []
xref: FMA:42963
xref: SCTID:182124002
is_a: UBERON:0004395  ! epiphysis of first metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0004415  ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004428
name: proximal epiphysis of second metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of second metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42964]
synonym: "proximal end of second metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42964]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 2" EXACT []
xref: FMA:42964
xref: SCTID:182130002
is_a: UBERON:0004396  ! epiphysis of second metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0004415  ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004429
name: proximal epiphysis of third metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of third metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42965]
synonym: "proximal end of third metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42965]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 3" EXACT []
xref: FMA:42965
xref: SCTID:182135007
is_a: UBERON:0004397  ! epiphysis of third metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0004415  ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004430
name: proximal epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of fourth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42966]
synonym: "proximal end of fourth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42966]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 4" EXACT []
xref: FMA:42966
xref: SCTID:182140004
is_a: UBERON:0004398  ! epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0004415  ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004431
name: proximal epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of fifth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42967]
synonym: "proximal end of fifth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42967]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 5" EXACT []
xref: FMA:42967
xref: SCTID:182145009
is_a: UBERON:0004399  ! epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0004415  ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004432
name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37505]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37505]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37505]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37505]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37505, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37505
xref: SCTID:263445001
is_a: UBERON:0004418  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2
is_a: UBERON:0011979  ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004311 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004311 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004433
name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37517]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37517]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37517]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37517, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37517
xref: SCTID:263446000
is_a: UBERON:0004419  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3
is_a: UBERON:0011979  ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004312 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004312 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004434
name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37529]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37529]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37529]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37529]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37529]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37529, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37529
xref: SCTID:263447009
is_a: UBERON:0004420  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4
is_a: UBERON:0011979  ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004313 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004313 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004435
name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37541]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37541]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37541]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37541]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37541]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37541, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37541
xref: SCTID:263448004
is_a: UBERON:0004421  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5
is_a: UBERON:0011979  ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004314 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004314 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004436
name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37502]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37502]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37502]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37502]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37502, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37502
xref: SCTID:263428006
is_a: UBERON:0004418  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2
is_a: UBERON:0011978  ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004320 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004320 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004437
name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37514]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37514]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37514]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37514]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37514, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37514
xref: SCTID:263429003
is_a: UBERON:0004419  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3
is_a: UBERON:0011978  ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004321 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004321 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004438
name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37526]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37526]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37526]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37526]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37526]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37526, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37526
xref: SCTID:263430008
is_a: UBERON:0004420  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4
is_a: UBERON:0011978  ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004322 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004322 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004439
name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37538]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37538]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37538]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37538]
synonym: "base of middle phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37538]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37538, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37538
xref: SCTID:263431007
is_a: UBERON:0004421  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5
is_a: UBERON:0011978  ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004323 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004323 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004440
name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37499]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37499]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37499]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37499, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37499
xref: SCTID:263412001
is_a: UBERON:0004418  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2
is_a: UBERON:0011977  ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004441
name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37511]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37511]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37511]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37511]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37511, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37511
xref: SCTID:263413006
is_a: UBERON:0004419  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3
is_a: UBERON:0011977  ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004442
name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37523]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37523]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37523]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37523]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37523]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37523, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37523
xref: SCTID:263414000
is_a: UBERON:0004420  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4
is_a: UBERON:0011977  ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004443
name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37535]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37535]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37535]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37535]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37535, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37535
xref: SCTID:263415004
is_a: UBERON:0004421  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5
is_a: UBERON:0011977  ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004444
name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "base of distal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37493]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37493, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37493
xref: SCTID:182008001
is_a: UBERON:0004417  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1
is_a: UBERON:0011979  ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004337 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004337 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004445
name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37490]
synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37490]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37490, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: FMA:37490
xref: SCTID:181993001
is_a: UBERON:0004417  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1
is_a: UBERON:0011977  ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004446
name: epiphysis of phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: SCTID:280033007
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004447
name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004446  ! epiphysis of phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004448
name: distal epiphysis of phalanx
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004446  ! epiphysis of phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004449
name: cerebral artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of three main pairs of arteries and their branches, which irrigate the cerebrum of the brain." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_artery]
xref: AAO:0010493
xref: EHDAA2:0000233
xref: EHDAA:5294
xref: EMAPA:18613
xref: GAID:484
xref: MA:0002562
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.228
xref: SCTID:181308008
xref: UMLS:C0007770
xref: XAO:0000367
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003709 ! circle of Willis
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of internal carotid (AAO:0010219)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Part of the internal carotid containing many branches supplying blood to the chorioid plexuses of the brain.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004450
name: gastric vein
namespace: uberon
xref: AAO:0011046
xref: MA:0002128
xref: SCTID:281060006
xref: UMLS:C0750610
xref: XAO:0000389
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004451
name: trunk or cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A vertebra in the trunk or cervical region. Includes all cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, but excludes caudal vertebra." [UBERONREF:0000006]
comment: In humans, there are 24 presacral vertebrae (7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar). AO notes: it's not clear if the XAO class belongs here or below
synonym: "presacral vertebra" EXACT [MA:0002869]
xref: MA:0002869
xref: XAO:0003077
is_a: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
union_of: UBERON:0002413  ! cervical vertebra
union_of: UBERON:0011677  ! trunk vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004452
name: carpal region
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0001462
def: "A mesopodium that is part of a manus. Includes as parts the carpal skeleton and associated tissues[cjm]. The anatomical region surrounding the carpus including the distal parts of the bones of the forearm and the proximal parts of the metacarpus or five metacarpal bones and the series of joints between these bones, thus referred to as wrist joints. This region also include the carpal tunnel, the anatomical snuff box, the flexor retinaculum, and the extensor retinaculum[WP,unvetted]" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Wrist]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "articulatio radiocarpea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Wrist]
synonym: "carpal limb segment" EXACT []
synonym: "carpal segment" EXACT []
synonym: "carpus" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "fore basipodium" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "fore mesopodium" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "hand mesopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "manus mesopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "regio carpalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24922, FMA:TA]
synonym: "wrist" EXACT [MA:0000039]
synonym: "wrist region" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000218
xref: EHDAA:5196
xref: EMAPA:19122
xref: FMA:24922
xref: GAID:59
xref: MA:0000039
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.667.715
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjncpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361289009
xref: galen:Wrist
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Hand_parts.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Human_wrist.png/200px-Human_wrist.png
is_a: UBERON:0006716  ! mesopodium region
is_a: UBERON:0008785  ! upper limb segment
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0006716  ! mesopodium region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004453
name: metacarpus region
namespace: uberon
def: "A metapodium region that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: Note that along with FMA we treat this as a limb segment rather than a purely skeletal element. AO notes: Note that mammalian and non-mammalian AOs differ in whether they consider this a part of the skeleton
synonym: "distal segment of hand proper" EXACT [FMA:24925]
synonym: "metacarpal part of hand" EXACT [FMA:24925]
synonym: "metacarpal part of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal region" EXACT [FMA:24925]
synonym: "metacarpus" EXACT [MA:0000042]
xref: FMA:24925
xref: MA:0000042
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg/200px-Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0005451  ! segment of manus
is_a: UBERON:0009877  ! metapodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012141 ! manual digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0009877  ! metapodium region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: has_relational_adjective "metacarpal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004454
name: tarsal region
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002388
def: "mesopodial segment of the pes, including the tarsal skeleton and associated tissues." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Ankle]
comment: note that this term refers to the limb segment. See also: tarsal bones and tarsal skeleton. AO notes: MA has both tarsus (part of foot, has tarsal bone) and ankle (part of hindlimb, has joint, nerve, skin).
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ankle" EXACT [MA:0000043]
synonym: "ankle region" EXACT []
synonym: "articulatio talocruralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ankle]
synonym: "hind basipodium" RELATED [MA:th]
synonym: "hind mesopodium" RELATED [MA:th]
synonym: "hock" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Hock_(anatomy)]
synonym: "tarsal limb segment" EXACT []
xref: CALOHA:TS-2219
xref: EFO:0001409
xref: EMAPA:19133
xref: FMA:9665
xref: GAID:41
xref: MA:0000043
xref: MESH:A01.378.610.250.149
xref: MESH:A13.473.821
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi-R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361292008
xref: galen:Ankle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/200px-Ankle_en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0006716  ! mesopodium region
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0006716  ! mesopodium region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004772  ! eyelid tarsus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004455
name: neurula embryo
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0007013
def: "An embryo at the neurula stage." [GOC:cjm]
synonym: "neurula" EXACT [BTO:0001766]
xref: BILA:0000061
xref: BTO:0001766
xref: UMLS:C1518306
xref: ncithesaurus:Neurula
is_a: UBERON:0000922  ! embryo
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004734 ! gastrula
relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000110 ! neurula stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000110 ! neurula stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004456
name: entire sense organ system
namespace: uberon
def: "Sum of all sensory systems in an organism." []
comment: note the distinct between entire sensory system and individual system. this reconciles is_a and part_of distinctions between ssAOs
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "sense organ system" EXACT [FMA:78499]
xref: FMA:78499
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004457
name: cavity lining
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: consider merging with serous membrane. AO notes: in MA this groups pericardium, pleura and periotoneal cavity lining
xref: MA:0002448
is_a: UBERON:0004458  ! body cavity or lining
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004458
name: body cavity or lining
namespace: uberon
comment: Note that this class may be merged into 'serous sac'. See notes for 'cavity lining'
xref: EMAPA:16060
xref: MA:0000005
is_a: UBERON:0001062  ! anatomical entity
union_of: UBERON:0002323  ! coelemic cavity lumen
union_of: UBERON:0004457  ! cavity lining

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004461
name: musculature of head
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head musculature" EXACT [FMA:71287]
synonym: "muscle group of head" EXACT [FMA:71287]
synonym: "muscles of head" EXACT [FMA:71287]
synonym: "musculi capitis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71287, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of muscles of head" EXACT [FMA:71287]
xref: FMA:71287
is_a: UBERON:0008229  ! craniocervical region musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004462
name: musculature of body wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a body wall [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "body wall muscles" RELATED []
synonym: "body wall musculature" EXACT [FMA:86931]
xref: FMA:86931
is_a: UBERON:0004479  ! musculature of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000309 ! body wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000309 ! body wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004463
name: musculature of hindlimb stylopod
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a hindlimb stylopod (upper leg / thigh)[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle group of thigh" EXACT [FMA:50208]
synonym: "musculature of thigh" EXACT [FMA:50208]
synonym: "set of muscles of thigh" EXACT [FMA:50208]
synonym: "thigh musculature" EXACT [FMA:50208]
xref: FMA:50208
is_a: UBERON:0004466  ! musculature of leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004464
name: musculature of thorax
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note BTO and FMA do not mean precisely the same thing here
synonym: "muscle group of thorax" EXACT [FMA:71293]
synonym: "muscles of thorax" EXACT [FMA:71293]
synonym: "musculi thoracis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71293, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of muscles of thorax" EXACT [FMA:71293]
synonym: "thoracic musculature" EXACT [FMA:71293]
xref: BTO:0000508
xref: FMA:71293
is_a: UBERON:0004479  ! musculature of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004465
name: musculature of neck
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cervical muscles" EXACT [AAO:0000091]
synonym: "muscle group of neck" EXACT [FMA:71290]
synonym: "muscles of neck" EXACT [FMA:71290]
synonym: "musculi cervicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71290, FMA:TA]
synonym: "musculi colli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71290, FMA:TA]
synonym: "neck musculature" EXACT [FMA:71290]
synonym: "set of muscles of neck" EXACT [FMA:71290]
xref: AAO:0000091
xref: FMA:71290
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.650
is_a: UBERON:0008229  ! craniocervical region musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004466
name: musculature of leg
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005632
def: "A musculature that is part of a lower leg or upper leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: see notes on UBERON:0000978 for possible confusion over the term 'leg'. This class represents the class-union of upper leg musculature and lower leg musculature (and thus may not mean precisely the same thing as the EHDAA2 class)
synonym: "leg muscle system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000973]
xref: EHDAA2:0000973
is_a: UBERON:0004482  ! musculature of lower limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004467
name: musculature of pharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: See comments for 'pharyngeal muscle'
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "pharyngeal musculature" EXACT [TAO:0001307]
synonym: "set of muscles of pharynx" RELATED [FMA:264609]
xref: FMA:264609
xref: TAO:0001307
xref: ZFA:0001307
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004468
name: set of muscles of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a vertebral column [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle group of vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:33061]
xref: FMA:33061
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004469
name: musculature of back
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle group of back" EXACT [FMA:71291]
synonym: "muscles of back" EXACT [FMA:71291]
synonym: "musculi dorsi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71291, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of muscles of back" EXACT [FMA:71291]
xref: FMA:71291
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004470
name: musculature of pelvic girdle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004485
alt_id: UBERON:0005633
def: "A musculature that is part of a pelvic girdle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: we merge two FMA classes here
synonym: "muscle group of pelvic girdle" EXACT [FMA:50205]
synonym: "pelvic girdle muscle system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001429]
synonym: "pelvic girdle muscles" EXACT [AAO:0000427]
synonym: "pelvic girdle musculature" EXACT [FMA:50205]
synonym: "set of muscles of pelvic girdle" EXACT [FMA:50205]
xref: AAO:0000427
xref: EHDAA2:0001429
xref: FMA:50205
xref: FMA:50248
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004471
name: musculature of pectoral girdle
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of the musculature of the body in the pectoral girdle region. Includes pectoral and shoulder muscles." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "muscle group of pectoral girdle" EXACT [FMA:33519]
synonym: "pectoral girdle muscles" EXACT [AAO:0000423]
synonym: "pectoral girdle musculature" EXACT [FMA:33519]
synonym: "set of muscles of pectoral girdle" EXACT [FMA:33519]
xref: AAO:0000423
xref: FMA:33519
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004472
name: musculature of chest
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chest musculature" EXACT [FMA:74779]
synonym: "set of muscles of chest" EXACT [FMA:74779]
xref: FMA:74779
is_a: UBERON:0004464  ! musculature of thorax
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004473
name: musculature of face
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a face." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: originally created to reflect the distinction drawn in FMA between a facial muscle and the entire musculature of the face. However, naming both does not serve any particular purpose
synonym: "entire facial musculature" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "facial muscles" EXACT [FMA:71288]
synonym: "muscle group of face" EXACT [FMA:71288]
synonym: "musculi faciei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71288, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of facial muscles" RELATED [FMA:71288]
synonym: "set of muscles of face" RELATED [FMA:71288]
xref: FMA:71288
is_a: UBERON:0004461  ! musculature of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004474
name: musculature of arm
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arm musculature" EXACT [FMA:50202]
synonym: "muscle group of arm" EXACT [FMA:50202]
synonym: "set of muscles of arm" EXACT [FMA:50202]
xref: FMA:50202
is_a: UBERON:0004481  ! musculature of upper limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004475
name: musculature of hip
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a hip [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hip musculature" EXACT [FMA:50227]
synonym: "muscle group of hip" EXACT [FMA:50227]
synonym: "set of muscles of hip" EXACT [FMA:50227]
xref: FMA:50227
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004476
name: musculature of shoulder
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle group of shoulder" EXACT [FMA:50220]
synonym: "set of muscles of shoulder" EXACT [FMA:50220]
xref: FMA:50220
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004477
name: tongue musculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle group of tongue" EXACT [FMA:71289]
synonym: "muscles of tongue" EXACT [FMA:71289]
synonym: "musculi linguae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71289, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of muscles of tongue" EXACT [FMA:71289]
xref: FMA:71289
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004461  ! musculature of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004478
name: musculature of larynx
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a larynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngeal muscles" EXACT [FMA:46616]
synonym: "laryngeal muscles set" EXACT [FMA:46616]
synonym: "muscle group of larynx" EXACT [FMA:46616]
synonym: "set of laryngeal muscles" EXACT [FMA:46616]
synonym: "set of muscles of larynx" EXACT [FMA:264611]
xref: FMA:264611
xref: FMA:46616
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.500
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004479
name: musculature of trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle group of trunk" EXACT [FMA:50187]
synonym: "set of muscles of trunk" EXACT [FMA:50187]
xref: AAO:0011572
xref: EFO:0003531
xref: FMA:50187
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004480
name: musculature of limb
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005635
def: "A musculature that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "limb muscle system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000995]
synonym: "limb musculature" EXACT [FMA:50188]
synonym: "muscle group of limb" EXACT [FMA:50188]
synonym: "set of muscles of limb" EXACT [FMA:50188]
xref: EHDAA2:0000995
xref: FMA:50188
is_a: UBERON:0007271  ! limb/fin musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004481
name: musculature of upper limb
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscles of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:71296]
synonym: "musculi membri superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71296, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of muscles of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:71296]
synonym: "upper limb musculature" EXACT [FMA:71296]
xref: FMA:71296
is_a: UBERON:0004480  ! musculature of limb
is_a: UBERON:0007269  ! pectoral appendage musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004482
name: musculature of lower limb
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscles of lower limb" EXACT [FMA:71297]
synonym: "musculi membri inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71297, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:71297
is_a: UBERON:0004480  ! musculature of limb
is_a: UBERON:0007270  ! pelvic appendage musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004483
name: iliocostalis musculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a iliocostalis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "iliocostalis muscle group" EXACT [FMA:33062]
synonym: "iliocostalis muscles set" EXACT [FMA:33062]
synonym: "set of iliocostalis muscles" EXACT [FMA:33062]
xref: FMA:33062
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002251 ! iliocostalis muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002251 ! iliocostalis muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004484
name: splenius musculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a splenius [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "set of splenius muscles" EXACT [FMA:22596]
synonym: "splenius muscle group" EXACT [FMA:22596]
synonym: "splenius muscles set" EXACT [FMA:22596]
xref: FMA:22596
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002252 ! splenius
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002252 ! splenius

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004486
name: musculature of perineum
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a perineum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "musculi perinei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71295, FMA:TA]
synonym: "perineal muscles" EXACT [FMA:71295]
synonym: "perineal muscles set" EXACT [FMA:71295]
synonym: "set of perineal muscles" EXACT [FMA:71295]
xref: EMAPA:18923
xref: FMA:71295
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004479  ! musculature of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004487
name: musculature of forearm
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle group of forearm" EXACT [FMA:39089]
synonym: "set of muscles of forearm" EXACT [FMA:39089]
xref: FMA:39089
is_a: UBERON:0004474  ! musculature of arm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004488
name: musculature of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot musculature" EXACT [FMA:50214]
synonym: "muscle group of foot" EXACT [FMA:50214]
synonym: "musculature of foot" EXACT [FMA:50214]
synonym: "set of muscles of foot" EXACT [FMA:50214]
xref: FMA:50214
is_a: UBERON:0004482  ! musculature of lower limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004489
name: musculature of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand musculature" EXACT [FMA:42368]
synonym: "muscle group of hand" EXACT [FMA:42368]
synonym: "musculature of hand" EXACT [FMA:42368]
synonym: "set of muscles of hand" EXACT [FMA:42368]
xref: FMA:42368
is_a: UBERON:0004481  ! musculature of upper limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004490
name: cardiac muscle tissue of atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of an atrium [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:7283
is_a: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004491
name: cardiac muscle tissue of interatrial septum
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a interatrial septum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:84083
is_a: UBERON:0004492  ! cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac septum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004492
name: cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac septum
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a cardiac septum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:226279
is_a: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004493
name: cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a myocardium [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editors note: Note placement of MA class based on parthood relationship
xref: FMA:261726
xref: MA:0002441
is_a: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004494
name: cardiac muscle tissue of papillary muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a papillary muscle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:84425
is_a: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002494 ! papillary muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002494 ! papillary muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004495
name: skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a diaphragm [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261898
is_a: UBERON:0003898  ! skeletal muscle of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0004830  ! respiratory system skeletal muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004496
name: skeletal muscle tissue of iliacus
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a iliacus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261992
is_a: UBERON:0003271  ! skeletal muscle of pelvic girdle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001369 ! iliacus muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001369 ! iliacus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004497
name: skeletal muscle tissue of gluteus maximus
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a gluteus maximus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261980
is_a: UBERON:0003271  ! skeletal muscle of pelvic girdle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001370 ! gluteus maximus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001370 ! gluteus maximus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004498
name: skeletal muscle tissue of quadriceps femoris
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a quadriceps femoris [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261998
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004499
name: skeletal muscle tissue of tibialis anterior
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a tibialis anterior [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:262004
is_a: UBERON:0003270  ! skeletal muscle of leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004500
name: skeletal muscle tissue of deltoid
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a deltoid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261732
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001476 ! deltoid
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001476 ! deltoid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004501
name: skeletal muscle tissue of teres major
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a teres major [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261962
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001478 ! teres major muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001478 ! teres major muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004503
name: skeletal muscle tissue of digastric
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a digastric [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261872
is_a: UBERON:0003899  ! skeletal muscle of head
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001562 ! digastric muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001562 ! digastric muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004504
name: skeletal muscle tissue of mylohyoid
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a mylohyoid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261878
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001564 ! mylohyoid muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001564 ! mylohyoid muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004505
name: skeletal muscle tissue of orbicularis oculi
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a orbicularis oculi [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261812
is_a: UBERON:0003269  ! skeletal muscle of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001578 ! orbicularis oculi
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001578 ! orbicularis oculi

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004506
name: skeletal muscle tissue of masseter
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a masseter [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261824
is_a: UBERON:0003899  ! skeletal muscle of head
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004507
name: skeletal muscle tissue of temporalis
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a temporalis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261740
is_a: UBERON:0003899  ! skeletal muscle of head
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001598 ! temporalis muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001598 ! temporalis muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004508
name: skeletal muscle tissue of levator palpebrae superioris
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a levator palpebrae superioris [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261782
is_a: UBERON:0003269  ! skeletal muscle of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001604 ! levator palpebrae superioris
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001604 ! levator palpebrae superioris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004509
name: skeletal muscle tissue of trapezius
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a trapezius [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261938
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002380 ! trapezius
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002380 ! trapezius

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004510
name: skeletal muscle tissue of pectoralis major
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a pectoralis major [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261968
is_a: UBERON:0003898  ! skeletal muscle of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002381 ! pectoralis major
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002381 ! pectoralis major

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004511
name: skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a rectus abdominis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261924
is_a: UBERON:0003898  ! skeletal muscle of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002382 ! rectus abdominis muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002382 ! rectus abdominis muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004512
name: skeletal muscle tissue of supraspinatus
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a supraspinatus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261956
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002383 ! supraspinatus muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002383 ! supraspinatus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004513
name: skeletal muscle tissue of internal intercostal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a internal intercostal muscle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261888
is_a: UBERON:0003898  ! skeletal muscle of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002403 ! internal intercostal muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002403 ! internal intercostal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004514
name: skeletal muscle tissue of transversus thoracis
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a transversus thoracis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261892
is_a: UBERON:0003898  ! skeletal muscle of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002404 ! transversus thoracis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002404 ! transversus thoracis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004515
name: smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [FMA:261081]
xref: FMA:261045
xref: FMA:261081
is_a: UBERON:0004242  ! bronchus smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004516
name: smooth muscle tissue of terminal bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261051
is_a: UBERON:0004515  ! smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004517
name: smooth muscle tissue of respiratory bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:261055
is_a: UBERON:0004515  ! smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004518
name: muscle of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle that is attached to a vertebra of the vertebral column." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "vertebral column muscle" EXACT [FMA:22594]
xref: FMA:22594
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004519
name: muscle of anal triangle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anal triangle muscle" EXACT [FMA:77304]
xref: FMA:77304
is_a: UBERON:0002379  ! perineal muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006867 ! anal part of perineum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006867 ! anal part of perineum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004521
name: vasculature of muscle organ
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a muscle organ [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscular organ vasculature" EXACT [FMA:87123]
xref: FMA:87123
is_a: UBERON:0004522  ! vasculature of musculoskeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004522
name: vasculature of musculoskeletal system
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a musculoskeletal system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:239607
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004523
name: papillary muscle of right ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A papillary muscle that is part of a right ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004544
xref: FMA:7259
xref: SCTID:244356004
is_a: UBERON:0002494  ! papillary muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0002494  ! papillary muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004524
name: papillary muscle of left ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A papillary muscle that is part of a left ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001398
xref: FMA:9352
xref: SCTID:244347007
is_a: UBERON:0002494  ! papillary muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0002494  ! papillary muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004525
name: cardiac muscle tissue of trabecula carnea of right ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:84429
is_a: UBERON:0003381  ! cardiac muscle of right ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0003452  ! trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006570 ! trabecula carnea of right ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0003452  ! trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004526
name: cardiac muscle tissue of trabecula carnea of left ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:84430
is_a: UBERON:0003382  ! cardiac muscle of left ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0003452  ! trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006571 ! trabecula carnea of left ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0003452  ! trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004527
name: alveolar process of maxilla
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0001696
def: "thickened ridge of bone that contains the tooth sockets on bones that bear teeth. In humans, the tooth-bearing bones are the maxilla and the mandible. The mineral content of alveolar bone is mostly hydroxyapatite, which is also found in enamel as the main inorganic substance[WP]." [Wikipedia:Alveolar_process]
synonym: "alveolar margin of maxilla" EXACT []
synonym: "alveolar part of maxilla" EXACT []
synonym: "alveolar ridge of maxilla" EXACT []
synonym: "lower alveolar ridge" EXACT []
synonym: "maxilla alveolar process" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior alveolar ridge" EXACT []
synonym: "processus alveolaris (maxilla)" EXACT []
xref: FMA:52897
xref: MA:0001492
xref: SCTID:245795005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Gray157.png
is_a: UBERON:0004103  ! alveolar ridge
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
intersection_of: UBERON:0004103  ! alveolar ridge
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004528
name: alveolar ridge of mandible
namespace: uberon
def: "The alveolar part of mandible is the part of the mandible, adjacent to the teeth, containing the dental alveolus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Alveolar_part_of_mandible]
synonym: "alveolar margin of mandible" EXACT []
synonym: "alveolar part of mandible" EXACT []
synonym: "alveolar process of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52832]
synonym: "anterior alveolar ridge" EXACT []
synonym: "pars alveolaris (mandibula)" EXACT [FMA:52832]
synonym: "pars alveolaris mandibulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alveolar_part_of_mandible]
synonym: "upper alveolar ridge" EXACT []
xref: FMA:52832
xref: SCTID:245791001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Mandibule.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0004103  ! alveolar ridge
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
intersection_of: UBERON:0004103  ! alveolar ridge
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004529
name: anatomical projection
namespace: uberon
def: "a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body or organ." [Wikipedia:Process_(anatomy)]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "anatomical process" BROAD []
synonym: "flange" NARROW [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "flanges" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "lamella" NARROW [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "lamellae" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "lamina" NARROW [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "laminae" NARROW [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "organ process" NARROW []
synonym: "process" BROAD [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "process of organ" NARROW []
synonym: "processes" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "projection" EXACT [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "projections" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "ridge" NARROW [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "ridges" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "shelf" NARROW [VSAO:0000180]
synonym: "shelves" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180]
xref: AAO:0010278
xref: FMA:67601
xref: HAO:0000822
xref: TAO:0001834
xref: VSAO:0000180
xref: XAO:0004020
xref: galen:Ridge
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, or tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004530
name: bony projection
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical projection that is composed of bone tissue." [VSAO:wd]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bone process" EXACT [FMA:75433]
synonym: "projection of bone" EXACT []
xref: FMA:75433
xref: ZFA:0001637
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004531
name: obsolete left side of organism
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004532
name: obsolete right side of organism
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004533
name: left testicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A testis that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left testis" EXACT [MA:0001746]
xref: FMA:7212
xref: MA:0001746
xref: SCTID:367720001
xref: UMLS:C0227998
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Testis
is_a: UBERON:0000473  ! testis
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000473  ! testis
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004534
name: right testicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A testis that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right testis" EXACT [MA:0001747]
xref: FMA:7211
xref: MA:0001747
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjM25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:367719007
xref: UMLS:C0227997
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Testis
is_a: UBERON:0000473  ! testis
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000473  ! testis
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004535
name: cardiovascular system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels." [BTO:0000088]
comment: Usage notes: we treat cardiovascular as part of circulatory system, with the latter including other kinds of circulation, including lymph.
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CV system" RELATED [BTO:0000088]
synonym: "Herz und Gefaesssystem" RELATED [BTO:0000088]
xref: AAO:0011001
xref: BILA:0000016
xref: BTO:0000088
xref: EFO:0000791
xref: EHDAA2:0000216
xref: EHDAA:394
xref: EMAPA:16104
xref: EMAPA:16370
xref: EV:0100017
xref: FMA:7161
xref: GAID:467
xref: MA:0000010
xref: MAT:0000016
xref: MESH:A07
xref: MIAA:0000016
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:278198007
xref: TAO:0000010
xref: UMLS:C0007226
xref: VHOG:0000302
xref: WikipediaCategory:Cardiovascular_system
xref: XAO:0000100
xref: XAO:0001010
xref: ZFA:0000010
xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiovascular_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
property_value: homology_notes "The vessels of the cardiovascular system are as varied as the diverse organs they supply. However, these variations are based on modifications of a fundamental plan of organization common to vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004536
name: lymph vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep." [ZFA:0005105]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lymphatic trunks and ducts" EXACT [FMA:63815]
synonym: "lymphatic vasculature" EXACT []
synonym: "lymphatic vessel network" EXACT []
synonym: "lymphatic vessels set" EXACT [FMA:63815]
synonym: "set of lymphatic vessels" EXACT []
synonym: "trunci et ductus lymphatici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63815, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:63815
xref: TAO:0005105
xref: ZFA:0005105
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph
property_value: external_definition "A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system.  These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal.  They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels.  Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004537
name: blood vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "a vascular network consisting of blood vessels." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "blood vascular network" EXACT []
synonym: "blood vessels" RELATED [TAO:0001079]
synonym: "set of blood vessels" EXACT []
xref: TAO:0001079
xref: ZFA:0001079
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004538
name: left kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "A kidney that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:7205
xref: MA:0001655
xref: SCTID:362209008
xref: UMLS:C0227614
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Kidney
is_a: UBERON:0002113  ! kidney
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0002113  ! kidney
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004539
name: right kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "A kidney that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:7204
xref: MA:0001683
xref: SCTID:362208000
xref: UMLS:C0227613
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Kidney
is_a: UBERON:0002113  ! kidney
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0002113  ! kidney
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004540
name: proper plantar digital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Proper_plantar_digital_arteries]
comment: the MA term, even though plural, represents the singular, as it is an isa child of artery. We use the FMA set term as it is the closest match, but the semantics of set terms are unclear
synonym: "arteriae digitales plantares propriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71564, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Proper_plantar_digital_arteries]
synonym: "plantar digital artery proper" EXACT []
synonym: "proper plantar digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001968]
synonym: "set of plantar digital arteries proper" RELATED [FMA:71564]
xref: FMA:71564
xref: MA:0001968
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray555.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray1237.svg/200px-Gray1237.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0006138  ! plantar digital artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004544
name: epididymis epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A simple columnar epithelium that is part of a epididymis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Epididymis epithelium" EXACT [FMA:19153]
synonym: "epithelium of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:19153]
xref: EMAPA:30445
xref: FMA:19153
xref: MA:0002825
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004545
name: external capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "External capsule is an organ subdivision of the telencephalon which is made up primarily of myelinated axonal neural tissue (white matter). The external capsule is a sheet-like fiber bundle located lateral to the to the putamen and globus pallidus which projects dorsally to the white matter underlying the cerebral cortex[FMA]." [FMA:61959, Wikipedia:External_capsule]
synonym: "capsula externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_capsule]
xref: FMA:61959
xref: MA:0002896
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010013
xref: SCTID:279300007
xref: UMLS:C0152345
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg/200px-Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0002437  ! cerebral white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004546
name: cribriform plate
namespace: uberon
def: "The cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone (horizontal lamina) is received into the ethmoidal notch of the frontal bone and roofs in the nasal cavities. Projecting upward from the middle line of this plate is a thick, smooth, triangular process, the crista galli, so called from its resemblance to a cock's comb. The long thin posterior border of the crista galli serves for the attachment of the falx cerebri. Its anterior border, short and thick, articulates with the frontal bone, and presents two small projecting alC&, which are received into corresponding depressions in the frontal bone and complete the foramen cecum. Its sides are smooth, and sometimes bulging from the presence of a small air sinus in the interior. On either side of the crista galli, the cribriform plate is narrow and deeply grooved; it supports the olfactory bulb and is perforated by foramina for the passage of the olfactory nerves. The foramina in the middle of the groove are small and transmit the nerves to the roof of the nasal cavity; those at the medial and lateral parts of the groove are largerbthe former transmit the nerves to the upper part of the nasal septum, the latter those to the superior nasal concha. At the front part of the cribriform plate, on either side of the crista galli, is a small fissure which is occupied by a process of dura mater. Lateral to this fissure is a notch or foramen which transmits the nasociliary nerve; from this notch a groove extends backward to the anterior ethmoidal foramen. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cribriform_plate]
synonym: "cribiform plate of ethmoid bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cribriform_plate]
synonym: "ethmoid bone lamina cribrosa" RELATED [BTO:0004141]
synonym: "lamina cribrosa of ethmoid bone" RELATED [BTO:0004141]
synonym: "lamina cribrosa ossis ethmoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cribriform_plate]
xref: BTO:0004141
xref: EMAPA:19201
xref: FMA:52890
xref: MA:0002898
xref: SCTID:282814006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray149.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray149.png/200px-Gray149.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004548
name: left eye
namespace: uberon
def: "An eye that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left eyeball" EXACT [FMA:12515]
synonym: "left orbital part of face" NARROW [FMA:54450]
synonym: "left orbital region" NARROW [FMA:54450]
xref: FMA:12515
xref: MA:0002949
xref: SCTID:362503005
is_a: UBERON:0000970  ! eye
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000970  ! eye
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004549
name: right eye
namespace: uberon
def: "An eye that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right eyeball" EXACT [FMA:12514]
synonym: "right orbital part of face" NARROW [FMA:54449]
synonym: "right orbital region" NARROW [FMA:54449]
xref: FMA:12514
xref: MA:0002950
xref: SCTID:362502000
is_a: UBERON:0000970  ! eye
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000970  ! eye
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004551
name: obsolete set of proper plantar digital arteries
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: this class was made obsolete, as uberon does not include 'Set of X' classes. For now, the FMA class for set of plantar digital arteries proper is under UBERON:0004540, but it is unclear if this is correct
synonym: "arteriae digitales plantares propriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71564, FMA:TA]
synonym: "plantar digital arteries proper" EXACT [FMA:71564]
synonym: "plantar digital arteries proper set" EXACT [FMA:71564]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004552
name: digital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An artery that is part of a digit [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: check part_of - do we need term for digit + metacarpal/tarsal bones?
xref: MA:0001941
xref: SCTID:181335004
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003514  ! limb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004553
name: forelimb digital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "A digital artery that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digital artery of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "forelimb digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001953]
synonym: "wing digital artery" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001953
xref: SCTID:265791006
is_a: UBERON:0003522  ! manual digit blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004552  ! digital artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0004552  ! digital artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004554
name: hindlimb digital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "A digital artery that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digital artery of foot" EXACT [FMA:69713]
synonym: "hindlimb digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001964]
xref: FMA:69713
xref: MA:0001964
is_a: UBERON:0003516  ! hindlimb blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004552  ! digital artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0004552  ! digital artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004561
name: proper palmar digital vein
namespace: uberon
comment: Some sources distinguish between the \"proper palmar digital veins\", which are more distal, and the \"common palmar digital veins\", which are more proximal.
synonym: "common palmar digital venous tributary" EXACT [FMA:22926]
synonym: "distal palmar digital vein" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins]
synonym: "proper palmal vein" EXACT [MA:0002126]
synonym: "proper palmar vein" EXACT [MA:0002126]
synonym: "tributary of common palmar digital vein" EXACT [FMA:22926]
xref: FMA:22926
xref: MA:0002126
is_a: UBERON:0004563  ! forelimb digital vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001412 ! common palmar digital vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004562
name: digital vein
namespace: uberon
comment: check part_of - do we need term for digit + metacarpal/tarsal bones?
xref: MA:0002101
xref: UMLS:C0447128
xref: ncithesaurus:Digital_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003514  ! limb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004563
name: forelimb digital vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A digital vein that is part of a forelimb." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forelimb digital veins" EXACT [MA:0002120]
synonym: "wing digital vein" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002120
is_a: UBERON:0003523  ! manus blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004562  ! digital vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004562  ! digital vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004564
name: hindlimb digital vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A digital vein that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb digital veins" EXACT [MA:0002133]
xref: MA:0002133
is_a: UBERON:0003521  ! pes blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004562  ! digital vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0004562  ! digital vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004571
name: systemic arterial system
namespace: uberon
def: "the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart." [Wikipedia:Systemic_circulation#Arteries]
synonym: "systemic arterial circulatory system" EXACT [FMA:45623]
xref: FMA:45623
is_a: UBERON:0007798  ! vascular system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004572
name: arterial system
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all arteries." [UBERON:cjm]
xref: BTO:0004690
xref: EHDAA2:0000143
xref: EHDAA:396
xref: EMAPA:16201
xref: EMAPA:16371
xref: MA:0002719
xref: SCTID:362030008
xref: VHOG:0000273
is_a: UBERON:0007798  ! vascular system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system
property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004573
name: systemic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Systemic arteries are the arteries of the systemic circulation, which is the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart." [Wikipedia:Artery#Systemic_arteries]
synonym: "systemic arterial subtree" EXACT [FMA:66464]
xref: FMA:66464
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004571 ! systemic arterial system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004571 ! systemic arterial system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004581
name: systemic venous system
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the venous system that drains the general body tissues[Kardong]" [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Systemic_venous_system]
synonym: "systemic venous circulatory system" EXACT [FMA:45626]
xref: FMA:45626
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system
property_value: external_definition "In human anatomy, the systemic venous system refers to veins that drain into the right atrium without passing through two vascular beds (i.e. they originate from a set of capillaries and do not pass through a second set of capillaries before reaching the right side of the heart). The term systemic venous system is often used to differentiate veins from veins that drain the pulmonary system (the pulmonary venous system) and veins that drain the digestive tract (the portal venous system). Large veins that are considered part of the systemic venous system are the: Superior vena cava; Inferior vena cava[WP]]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Subdivision of cardiovascular system which has as its parts the right side of heart, the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava[FMA]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004582
name: venous system
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all venous vessels. In vertebrates with a double circulation, this can be divided into systemic and pulmonary portions." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "vein system" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004692
xref: EHDAA2:0002171
xref: EHDAA:486
xref: EMAPA:16240
xref: MA:0002720
xref: SCTID:362060003
xref: UMLS:C1267406
xref: VHOG:0000277
xref: ncithesaurus:Venous_System
is_a: UBERON:0007798  ! vascular system
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein
property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004590
name: sphincter muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a structure, usually a circular muscle, that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning." [Wikipedia:Sphincter]
comment: AO notes: FMA class is not a subtype of muscle
synonym: "circular muscle" RELATED []
synonym: "sphincter" EXACT []
xref: FMA:75004
xref: UMLS:C1409894
xref: ncithesaurus:Sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004601
name: rib 1
namespace: uberon
def: "The first rib is the most curved and usually the shortest of all the ribs; it is broad and flat, its surfaces looking upward and downward, and its borders inward and outward. The head is small, rounded, and possesses only a single articular facet, for articulation with the body of the first thoracic vertebra. The neck is narrow and rounded. The tubercle, thick and prominent, is placed on the outer border. There is no angle, but at the tubercle the rib is slightly bent, with the convexity upward, so that the head of the bone is directed downward. The upper surface of the body is marked by two shallow grooves, separated from each other by a slight ridge prolonged internally into a tubercle, the scalene tubercle, for the attachment of the Scalenus anterior; the anterior groove transmits the subclavian vein, the posterior the subclavian artery and the lowest trunk of the brachial plexus. Behind the posterior groove is a rough area for the attachment of the Scalenus medius. The under surface is smooth, and destitute of a costal groove. The outer border is convex, thick, and rounded, and at its posterior part gives attachment to the first digitation of the Serratus anterior. The inner border is concave, thin, and sharp, and marked about its center by the scalene tubercle. The anterior extremity is larger and thicker than that of any of the other ribs. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:First_rib]
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Costa prima (I)" EXACT [FMA:7597]
synonym: "costa prima" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:First_rib]
synonym: "first rib" EXACT [FMA:7597]
xref: FMA:7597
xref: MA:0001401
xref: SCTID:182016005
xref: UMLS:C1709945
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray124.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray124.png/200px-Gray124.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_1
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
property_value: rib_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004602
name: rib 2
namespace: uberon
def: "The second rib is much longer than the first, but has a very similar curvature. The non-articular portion of the tubercle is occasionally only feebly marked. The angle is slight, and situated close to the tubercle. The body is not twisted, so that both ends touch any plane surface upon which it may be laid; but there is a bend, with its convexity upward, similar to, though smaller than that found in the first rib. The body is not flattened horizontally like that of the first rib. Its external surface is convex, and looks upward and a little outward; near the middle of it is a rough eminence for the origin of the lower part of the first and the whole of the second digitation of the Serratus anterior; behind and above this is attached the Scalenus posterior. The internal surface, smooth, and concave, is directed downward and a little inward: on its posterior part there is a short costal groove. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Second_rib]
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Costa secunda (II)" EXACT [FMA:7620]
synonym: "costa secunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Second_rib]
synonym: "second rib" EXACT [FMA:7620]
xref: FMA:7620
xref: MA:0001402
xref: SCTID:244656007
xref: UMLS:C1709949
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray125.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray125.png/200px-Gray125.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_2
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
property_value: rib_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004603
name: rib 3
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "third rib" EXACT [FMA:7638]
xref: FMA:7638
xref: MA:0001403
xref: SCTID:244658008
xref: UMLS:C1709950
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_3
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
property_value: rib_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004604
name: rib 4
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "fourth rib" EXACT [FMA:7749]
xref: FMA:7749
xref: MA:0001404
xref: SCTID:244659000
xref: UMLS:C1709951
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_4
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
property_value: rib_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004605
name: rib 5
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "fifth rib" EXACT [FMA:7776]
xref: FMA:7776
xref: MA:0001405
xref: SCTID:244660005
xref: UMLS:C1711376
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_5
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
property_value: rib_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004606
name: rib 6
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "sixth rib" EXACT [FMA:8147]
xref: FMA:8147
xref: MA:0001406
xref: SCTID:244661009
xref: UMLS:C1709952
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_6
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
property_value: rib_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004607
name: rib 7
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "seventh rib" EXACT [FMA:7830]
xref: FMA:7830
xref: MA:0001407
xref: SCTID:244662002
xref: UMLS:C1709953
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_7
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
property_value: rib_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004608
name: rib 9
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "ninth rib" EXACT [FMA:8337]
xref: FMA:8337
xref: MA:0001409
xref: SCTID:244664001
xref: UMLS:C1709955
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_9
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
is_a: UBERON:0002238  ! false rib
property_value: rib_number "9" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004609
name: rib 10
namespace: uberon
def: "The tenth rib has only a single articular facet on its head. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tenth_rib]
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "tenth rib" EXACT [FMA:8418]
xref: FMA:8418
xref: MA:0001410
xref: SCTID:244665000
xref: UMLS:C1709946
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray126.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Gray126.png/200px-Gray126.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_10
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
is_a: UBERON:0002238  ! false rib
property_value: rib_number "10" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004610
name: rib 11
namespace: uberon
def: "The eleventh rib has a single articular facet on the head, which is of rather large size. It has no necks or tubercles, and is pointed at its anterior ends. The eleventh has a slight angle and a shallow costal groove. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Eleventh_rib]
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "eleventh rib" EXACT [FMA:8499]
xref: FMA:8499
xref: MA:0001411
xref: SCTID:244666004
xref: UMLS:C1709947
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Gray127.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_11
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
is_a: UBERON:0002239  ! floating rib
property_value: rib_number "11" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004611
name: rib 12
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans: The twelfth rib has a single articular facet on the head, which is of rather large size. It has no necks or tubercles, and is pointed at its anterior ends. The twelfth has angle nor costal groove; it is much shorter than the eleventh rib, and its head is inclined slightly downward. Sometimes the twelfth rib is even shorter than the first rib. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Twelfth_rib]
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "twelfth rib" EXACT [FMA:8515]
xref: FMA:8515
xref: MA:0001412
xref: SCTID:244667008
xref: UMLS:C1709948
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Gray128.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray128.png/200px-Gray128.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_12
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
is_a: UBERON:0002239  ! floating rib
property_value: rib_number "12" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004622
name: sacral vertebra 1
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "First sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:13077]
synonym: "First segment of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:13077]
synonym: "S1 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13077]
synonym: "first sacral vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13077]
xref: EMAPA:19588
xref: FMA:13077
xref: MA:0001434
xref: SCTID:181846009
xref: UMLS:C0223598
xref: ncithesaurus:S1_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0001094  ! sacral vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004623
name: sacral vertebra 2
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "S2 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13078]
synonym: "Second sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:13078]
synonym: "Second segment of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:13078]
synonym: "second sacral vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13078]
xref: EMAPA:19589
xref: FMA:13078
xref: MA:0001435
xref: SCTID:181847000
xref: UMLS:C0223599
xref: ncithesaurus:S2_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0001094  ! sacral vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004624
name: sacral vertebra 3
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "S3 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13079]
synonym: "Third sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:13079]
synonym: "Third segment of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:13079]
synonym: "third sacral vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13079]
xref: EMAPA:19590
xref: FMA:13079
xref: MA:0001436
xref: SCTID:181848005
xref: UMLS:C0223600
xref: ncithesaurus:S3_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0001094  ! sacral vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004625
name: sacral vertebra 4
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Fourth sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:13080]
synonym: "Fourth segment of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:13080]
synonym: "S4 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13080]
synonym: "fourth sacral vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13080]
xref: EMAPA:19591
xref: FMA:13080
xref: MA:0001437
xref: SCTID:181849002
xref: UMLS:C0223601
xref: ncithesaurus:S4_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0001094  ! sacral vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004626
name: thoracic vertebra 1
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "First dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9165]
synonym: "T1 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9165]
synonym: "first thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9165]
xref: EMAPA:19542
xref: FMA:9165
xref: MA:0001438
xref: SCTID:181828003
xref: UMLS:C0459933
xref: ncithesaurus:T1_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004627
name: thoracic vertebra 2
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Second dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9187]
synonym: "T2 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9187]
synonym: "second thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9187]
xref: EMAPA:19543
xref: FMA:9187
xref: MA:0001439
xref: SCTID:181829006
xref: UMLS:C0459936
xref: ncithesaurus:T2_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004626 ! thoracic vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004628
name: thoracic vertebra 3
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T3 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9209]
synonym: "Third dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9209]
synonym: "third thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9209]
xref: EMAPA:19544
xref: FMA:9209
xref: MA:0001440
xref: SCTID:181830001
xref: UMLS:C0459952
xref: ncithesaurus:T3_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004627 ! thoracic vertebra 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004629
name: thoracic vertebra 4
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Fourth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9248]
synonym: "T4 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9248]
synonym: "fourth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9248]
xref: EMAPA:19545
xref: FMA:9248
xref: MA:0001441
xref: SCTID:181831002
xref: UMLS:C0459951
xref: ncithesaurus:T4_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004628 ! thoracic vertebra 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004630
name: thoracic vertebra 5
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Fifth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9922]
synonym: "T5 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9922]
synonym: "fifth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9922]
xref: EMAPA:19546
xref: FMA:9922
xref: MA:0001442
xref: SCTID:181832009
xref: UMLS:C0459950
xref: ncithesaurus:T5_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004629 ! thoracic vertebra 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004631
name: thoracic vertebra 6
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Sixth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9945]
synonym: "T6 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9945]
synonym: "sixth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9945]
xref: EMAPA:19547
xref: FMA:9945
xref: MA:0001443
xref: SCTID:181834005
xref: UMLS:C0459949
xref: ncithesaurus:T6_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004630 ! thoracic vertebra 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004632
name: thoracic vertebra 7
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Seventh dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9968]
synonym: "T7 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9968]
synonym: "seventh thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9968]
xref: EMAPA:19548
xref: FMA:9968
xref: MA:0001444
xref: SCTID:181835006
xref: UMLS:C0459947
xref: ncithesaurus:T7_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004631 ! thoracic vertebra 6

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004633
name: thoracic vertebra 9
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Ninth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10014]
synonym: "T9 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10014]
synonym: "ninth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10014]
xref: EMAPA:19550
xref: FMA:10014
xref: MA:0001446
xref: SCTID:181837003
xref: UMLS:C0459954
xref: ncithesaurus:T9_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0011050 ! thoracic vertebra 8

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004634
name: thoracic vertebra 10
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T10 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10037]
synonym: "Tenth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10037]
synonym: "tenth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10037]
xref: EMAPA:19551
xref: FMA:10037
xref: MA:0001447
xref: SCTID:181838008
xref: UMLS:C0459955
xref: ncithesaurus:T10_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004633 ! thoracic vertebra 9

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004635
name: thoracic vertebra 11
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "Eleventh dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10059]
synonym: "T11 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10059]
synonym: "eleventh thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10059]
xref: EMAPA:19552
xref: FMA:10059
xref: MA:0001448
xref: SCTID:181839000
xref: UMLS:C0459956
xref: ncithesaurus:T11_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004634 ! thoracic vertebra 10

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004636
name: thoracic vertebra 12
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T12 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10081]
synonym: "Twelfth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10081]
synonym: "twelfth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10081]
xref: EMAPA:19553
xref: FMA:10081
xref: MA:0001449
xref: SCTID:181840003
xref: UMLS:C0459957
xref: ncithesaurus:T12_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004635 ! thoracic vertebra 11

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004637
name: otic capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "The capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism; in elasmobranchs, it remains cartilaginous in the adult; in the embryos of higher vertebrates, it is cartilaginous at first but later becomes bony (at approximately 23 weeks in humans)[Biology-Online]. Bilaterally paired cartilage encasing the semicircular canals of the inner ear[ZFA]." [ZFA:0001500, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/otic+capsule, http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Otic_capsule]
comment: Taxon notes: developmental relationships need to be checked
synonym: "auditory capsule" RELATED [VHOG:0000854]
synonym: "otic capsule" EXACT [ZFA:0001500]
synonym: "otic region" RELATED []
synonym: "periotic" RELATED []
synonym: "periotic capsule" RELATED [VHOG:0000854]
xref: AAO:0010143
xref: SCTID:361515007
xref: VHOG:0000854
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010351 ! otic capsule cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 ! petrous part of temporal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 ! otic region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of occipito-petrosal (AAO:0010831)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of otic and occipital (AAO:0000993)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal elements surrounding the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. Sensory capsules anterolateral to and confluent with occipital arch.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The cartilage capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism; in the embryos of higher vertebrates, it is cartilaginous at first but later becomes bony. [Biology_online][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Otic capsules develop around the parts of the ear that lie within the chondrocranium. This part of the ear, known as the inner ear, is composed of the semicircular ducts and associated sacs that contain the receptive cells for equilibrium and hearing (reference 1); (...) considerations have led to our rethinking issues related to the origin of several aspects of vertebrate hearing, and to the view that many basic auditory functions evolved very early in vertebrate history, and that the functions observed in more `advanced' vertebrates, such as birds and mammals, are frequently modifications of themes first encountered in fishes, and perhaps even more ancestral animals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004638
name: blood vessel endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that lines the blood vasculature. Other endothelia may line lymph vessels, the heart" [UBERON:cjm]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: BTO:0000766
xref: MA:0000709
xref: TAO:0005257
xref: UMLS:C1706972
xref: ZFA:0005257
xref: ncithesaurus:Blood_Vessel_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004852  ! cardiovascular system endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004639
name: afferent arteriole
namespace: uberon
def: "The afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excretory systems. They play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. The afferent arterioles branch from the renal artery which supplies blood to the kidneys. The afferent arterioles later diverge into the capillaries of the glomerulus. When renal blood flow is reduced, the macula densa releases prostaglandins, which cause the juxtaglomerular cells lining the afferent arterioles to release renin, activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, to increase blood pressure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Afferent_arterioles]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "afferent glomerular arteriole" EXACT [ZFA:0005307]
synonym: "arteriola glomerularis afferens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Afferent_arterioles]
synonym: "kidney afferent arteriole" EXACT [MP:0011312]
xref: EMAPA:28230
xref: EMAPA:28266
xref: MA:0002579
xref: MP:0011312
xref: SCTID:67498004
xref: TAO:0002139
xref: ZFA:0005307
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
is_a: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0001980  ! arteriole
is_a: UBERON:0003644  ! kidney arterial blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004640
name: efferent arteriole
namespace: uberon
def: "The efferent arterioles are blood vessels that are part of the urinary tract of organisms. The efferent arterioles form from a convergence of the capillaries of the glomerulus. They play an important role in maintaining the glomerular filtration rate despite fluctuations in blood pressure. In the mammalian kidney they follow two markedly different courses, depending on the location of the glomeruli from which they arise. In the mammalian kidney about 15% of glomeruli lie close to the boundary between the renal cortex and renal medulla and are known as juxtamedullary glomeruli. The rest are simply undifferentiated cortical glomeruli. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Efferent_arteriole]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "arteriola glomerularis efferens capsulae renalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Efferent_arteriole]
synonym: "efferent glomerular arteriole" EXACT [ZFA:0005308]
synonym: "kidney efferent arteriole" EXACT [MP:0011313]
xref: EMAPA:28233
xref: EMAPA:28275
xref: MA:0002585
xref: SCTID:29926005
xref: TAO:0002140
xref: ZFA:0005308
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
is_a: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0001980  ! arteriole
is_a: UBERON:0003644  ! kidney arterial blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004641
name: spleen capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "A capsule that is part of a spleen [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Malpighian capsule" EXACT [FMA:15849]
synonym: "capsule of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15849]
synonym: "fibroelastic coat of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15849]
synonym: "fibrous capsule of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15849]
synonym: "splenic capsule" EXACT [FMA:15849]
synonym: "tunica fibrosa (splen)(lien)" EXACT [FMA:15849]
xref: FMA:15849
xref: MA:0000753
xref: SCTID:329635002
xref: UMLS:C0229681
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004642
name: third ventricle ependyma
namespace: uberon
def: "An ependyma that is part of a third ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd ventricle ependyma" EXACT [MA:0000882]
synonym: "ependyma of third ventricle" EXACT [MA:0000882]
xref: FMA:242833
xref: MA:0000882
xref: SCTID:362316006
is_a: UBERON:0005357  ! brain ependyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0004670  ! ependyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004643
name: lateral ventricle ependyma
namespace: uberon
def: "An ependyma that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ependyma of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:242825]
xref: FMA:242825
xref: MA:0000964
xref: SCTID:369275002
xref: UMLS:C0228162
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Ventricle_Ependyma
is_a: UBERON:0005357  ! brain ependyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0004670  ! ependyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004644
name: fourth ventricle ependyma
namespace: uberon
def: "An ependyma that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th ventricle ependyma" RELATED [MA:0000986]
synonym: "ependyma of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:242835]
xref: FMA:242835
xref: MA:0000986
xref: SCTID:369277005
xref: UMLS:C0228171
xref: ncithesaurus:Fourth_Ventricle_Ependyma
is_a: UBERON:0005357  ! brain ependyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0004670  ! ependyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004645
name: urinary bladder urothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An urothelium that is part of a urinary bladder." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder transitional cell epithelium" EXACT [FMA:15936]
synonym: "transitional epithelium" RELATED [MA:0001693]
synonym: "transitional epithelium of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15936]
synonym: "urinary bladder transitional epithelium" EXACT [FMA:15936]
synonym: "urothelium" BROAD [BTO:0001245]
synonym: "urothelium of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15936]
xref: BTO:0001694
xref: FMA:15936
xref: MA:0001693
xref: SCTID:25631003
xref: UMLS:C0225339
xref: ncithesaurus:Transitional_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000365  ! urothelium
is_a: UBERON:0003350  ! epithelium of mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001259 ! mucosa of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000365  ! urothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004646
name: infraorbital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The infraorbital artery is an artery in the head that runs in the maxilla, emerging through the infraorbital foramen, just under the orbit of the eye. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Infraorbital_artery]
synonym: "a. infraorbitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infraorbital_artery]
synonym: "infra-orbital artery" EXACT [FMA:49767]
xref: FMA:49767
xref: MA:0001977
xref: SCTID:148167004
xref: UMLS:C0226153
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Gray511.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gray511.png/200px-Gray511.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Infraorbital_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001616 ! maxillary artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004647
name: liver lobule
namespace: uberon
def: "a small division of the liver defined at the histological scale, the functional unit of which is the hepatic acinus." [Wikipedia:Lobules_of_liver]
comment: should not be confused with the anatomic lobes of the liver (caudate lobe, quadrate lobe, left lobe, and right lobe), or any of the functional lobe classification systems.[WP]
synonym: "hepatic lobule" EXACT [FMA:14471]
synonym: "lobules of liver" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Lobules_of_liver]
synonym: "lobuli hepatici" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "lobuli hepatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lobules_of_liver]
synonym: "lobulus hepaticus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14471]
xref: FMA:14471
xref: MA:0002494
xref: SCTID:362194004
xref: UMLS:C0227518
xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Lobule
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001280 ! liver parenchyma

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004648
name: esophagus muscularis mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscularis mucosa that is part of a esophagus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus muscularis mucosae" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina muscularis of esophageal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:63059]
synonym: "muscularis mucosae of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:63059]
xref: FMA:63059
xref: MA:0002681
xref: SCTID:47720007
xref: UMLS:C0227177
xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Muscularis_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0002112  ! smooth muscle of esophagus
is_a: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002469 ! esophagus mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004649
name: sphenoid bone pterygoid process
namespace: uberon
def: "The pterygoid processes of the sphenoid, one on either side, descend perpendicularly from the regions where the body and great wings unite. Each process consists of a medial pterygoid plate and a lateral pterygoid plate, the upper parts of which are fused anteriorly; a vertical sulcus, the pterygopalatine groove, descends on the front of the line of fusion. The plates are separated below by an angular cleft, the pterygoid fissure (or pterygoid notch), the margins of which are rough for articulation with the pyramidal process of the palatine bone. The two plates diverge behind and enclose between them a V-shaped fossa, the pterygoid fossa, which contains pterygoideus internus and tensor veli palatini. Above this fossa is a small, oval, shallow depression, the scaphoid fossa, which gives origin to the tensor veli palatini. The anterior surface of the pterygoid process is broad and triangular near its root, where it forms the posterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa and presents the anterior orifice of the pterygoid canal." [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid]
comment: todo - check AAO:0000521-pterygoid and MA:0001471-pterygoid bone. MA also has 'inner plate of pterygoid process' as a syn for MA:0001471, FMA has lateral/medial plates. Seems likely inner = lateral (see  MP:0004452).
synonym: "processus pterygoideus" EXACT [FMA:54682]
synonym: "processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54682, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid]
synonym: "pterygoid plate" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid]
synonym: "pterygoid process" EXACT [FMA:54682, Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid]
synonym: "pterygoid process of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:54682]
synonym: "pterygoid process of sphenoid bone" EXACT [FMA:54682, MA:0002774]
synonym: "pterygoid processes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid]
synonym: "pterygoid processus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid]
xref: AAO:0010086
xref: FMA:54682
xref: MA:0002774
xref: SCTID:140390001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray145.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior quadratocranial commissure (AAO:0010061)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Process that projects from posterior margin of commissure into subocular space.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004650
name: tongue keratinized epithelium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "keratinized epithelium of tongue" EXACT [FMA:74865]
xref: FMA:74865
xref: MA:0002787
is_a: UBERON:0006919  ! tongue squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012329  ! keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0012329  ! keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004651
name: scapula spine
namespace: uberon
def: "a prominent plate of bone, which crosses obliquely the medial four-fifths of the scapula at its upper part, and separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa." [Wikipedia:Spine_of_scapula]
comment: Taxon notes: the cleithrum, the major shoulder bone of extinct land vertebrate ancestors,.. appears to survive as the scapular spine in living mammals[Matsuoka, PMC1352163]
synonym: "scapular spine" RELATED [FMA:13453, MA:0002806]
synonym: "spina scapulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spine_of_scapula]
synonym: "spine of scapula" EXACT [FMA:13453]
xref: EMAPA:25123
xref: FMA:13453
xref: MA:0002806
xref: SCTID:181916005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png/200px-Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0004741 ! cleithrum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 ! pectoral limb scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004652
name: humerus diaphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "The body or shaft of the humerus is almost cylindrical in the upper half of its extent, prismatic and flattened below, and has three borders and three surfaces." [Wikipedia:Body_of_humerus]
synonym: "body of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13305]
synonym: "body of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_humerus]
synonym: "corpus humeri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13305, FMA:TA]
synonym: "diaphysis of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13305]
synonym: "humeral diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:13305]
synonym: "medial humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_humerus]
synonym: "shaft of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13305]
synonym: "shaft of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_humerus]
xref: EMAPA:25051
xref: FMA:13305
xref: MA:0002807
xref: SCTID:181927007
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004654
name: temporal process of zygomatic bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The temporal process of the zygomatic bone, directed backward and medialward, is concave, presenting medially a rough, triangular area, for articulation with the maxilla, and laterally a smooth, concave surface, the upper part of which forms the anterior boundary of the temporal fossa, the lower a part of the infratemporal fossa. Near the center of this surface is the zygomaticotemporal foramen for the transmission of the zygomaticotemporal nerve." [Wikipedia:Temporal_process_of_the_zygomatic_bone]
synonym: "facies temporalis ossis zygomatici" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_process_of_the_zygomatic_bone]
synonym: "processus temporalis (os zygomaticum)" EXACT [FMA:52904]
synonym: "zygomatic bone temporal process" EXACT [MA:0002812]
xref: FMA:52904
xref: MA:0002812
xref: SCTID:122772003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Gray166.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gray166.png/200px-Gray166.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001683 ! jugal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002500 ! zygomatic arch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004655
name: zygomatic process of temporal bone
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004653
def: "The zygomatic process of the temporal bone is a long, arched process projecting from the lower part of the squamous portion of the temporal bone. It articulates with the zygomatic bone. This process is at first directed lateralward, its two surfaces looking upward and downward; it then appears as if twisted inward upon itself, and runs forward, its surfaces now looking medialward and lateralward." [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_process_of_temporal_bone]
synonym: "processus zygomaticus" EXACT [FMA:52886]
synonym: "processus zygomaticus ossis temporalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_process_of_temporal_bone]
synonym: "temporal bone zygomatic process" EXACT [MA:0002811]
synonym: "temporal zygomatic process" EXACT [FMA:52886]
xref: EMAPA:19015
xref: FMA:52886
xref: MA:0002811
xref: SCTID:414110008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray137.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray137.png/200px-Gray137.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002500 ! zygomatic arch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004657
name: mandible condylar process
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior process on the ramus of the mandible composed of two parts: a superior part, the articular portion, and an inferior part, the condylar neck." [BTO:0001750, Wikipedia:Condyloid_process]
synonym: "condylar process of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52836]
synonym: "condyle of mandible" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_process]
synonym: "condyle of the mandible" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_process]
synonym: "condyloid process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_process]
synonym: "mandibular condyle" EXACT [BTO:0001750]
synonym: "mandibular condyloid process" RELATED [MA:0002816]
synonym: "processus condylaris" EXACT [FMA:52836]
xref: BTO:0001750
xref: FMA:52836
xref: GAID:219
xref: MA:0002816
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.781.324.502.632.600
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Processuscondylarismandibulae.PNG/200px-Processuscondylarismandibulae.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000401 ! mandibular ramus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004658
name: mandible head
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Mandibular head" EXACT [FMA:59331]
synonym: "head of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59331]
xref: FMA:59331
xref: MA:0002817
xref: SCTID:51354009
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004657 ! mandible condylar process

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004659
name: mandible neck
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Mandibular neck" EXACT [FMA:59332]
synonym: "neck of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59332]
xref: FMA:59332
xref: MA:0002818
xref: SCTID:368875004
is_a: UBERON:0001560  ! neck of organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004657 ! mandible condylar process

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004660
name: mandible coronoid process
namespace: uberon
def: "a dorsal process on the lower jaw associated with muscle attachment. It may be formed by a separate coronoid bone or as a process of the dentary. In most living (and many extinct) mammals, the most dorsal of the three proximal processes of the jaw." [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_mandible, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryCh.html#Coronoid%20process]
comment: AO notes: TAO:0001673 coronoid process, a bony projection on dentary
synonym: "coronoid" BROAD [AAO:0000103]
synonym: "coronoid process of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52833]
synonym: "mandibular coronoid process" RELATED [MA:0002819]
synonym: "processus coronoideus (mandibula)" EXACT [FMA:52833]
synonym: "processus coronoideus mandibulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_mandible]
xref: FMA:52833
xref: MA:0002819
xref: SCTID:244691004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Processuscoronoideusmandibulae.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000401 ! mandibular ramus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004661
name: mandible temporal crest
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Crista temporalis (Mandibulae)" EXACT [FMA:59484]
synonym: "temporal crest of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59484]
xref: FMA:59484
xref: MA:0002820
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000401 ! mandibular ramus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010994  ! coronoid process of ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004662
name: vertebra lamina
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lamina arcus vertebrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:11951, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lamina of vertebra" EXACT [FMA:11951]
synonym: "lamina of vertebral arch" EXACT [FMA:11951]
synonym: "neural arch lamina" EXACT [AAO:0000695]
synonym: "vertebral lamina" EXACT [FMA:11951, MA:0002876]
xref: AAO:0000695
xref: FMA:11951
xref: MA:0002876
xref: SCTID:277423002
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch
property_value: external_definition "Paired plates that form the neural arch. The lateral margin of each lamina rests dorsal to the superior end of the pedicel, and the medial end fuses to the medial end of the opposite lamina.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004663
name: aorta wall
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of an aorta [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Aortic wall" EXACT [FMA:14156]
synonym: "wall of aorta" EXACT [FMA:14156]
xref: FMA:14156
xref: MA:0002901
is_a: UBERON:0000415  ! artery wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004664
name: aorta tunica adventitia
namespace: uberon
def: "A tunica adventitia that is part of a aorta." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica adventitia of aorta" EXACT [FMA:14283]
xref: FMA:14283
xref: MA:0002902
xref: SCTID:24996002
is_a: UBERON:0007240  ! tunica adventitia of artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004663 ! aorta wall
intersection_of: UBERON:0005734  ! tunica adventitia of blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004665
name: seminal vesicle muscle layer
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of muscle tissue that is part of a seminal vesicle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle layer of seminal vesicle" EXACT [FMA:19404]
synonym: "muscular coat of seminal gland" EXACT [FMA:19404]
synonym: "muscular layer of seminal gland" EXACT [FMA:19404]
synonym: "tunica muscularis (Vesicula seminalis)" EXACT [FMA:19404]
synonym: "tunica muscularis glandulae vesiculosae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19404, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:29773
xref: FMA:19404
xref: MA:0002913
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004666
name: interventricular septum membranous part
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Membranous interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7135]
synonym: "Membranous portion of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7135]
synonym: "Pars membranacea (septi interventricularis)" EXACT [FMA:7135]
synonym: "membranous interventricular septum" RELATED [MA:0002939]
synonym: "membranous part interventricular septum" EXACT [VHOG:0000927]
synonym: "membranous part of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7135]
xref: EHDAA2:0004596
xref: EMAPA:18246
xref: FMA:7135
xref: MA:0002939
xref: SCTID:278228007
xref: VHOG:0000927
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004667
name: interventricular septum muscular part
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of muscle tissue that is part of a interventricular septum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Muscular interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7134]
synonym: "Pars muscularis (septi interventricularis)" EXACT [FMA:7134]
synonym: "muscular interventricular septum" RELATED [MA:0002940]
synonym: "muscular part of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7134]
xref: EHDAA:2607
xref: EMAPA:18247
xref: FMA:7134
xref: MA:0002940
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000888
is_a: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004668
name: fourth ventricle aperture
namespace: uberon
def: "One of: the 4th ventricle median or lateral apertures." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "aperture of 4th ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "aperture of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:242766]
xref: FMA:242766
xref: MA:0002945
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004670
name: ependyma
namespace: uberon
def: "the thin epithelial membrane lining the ventricular system of the brain and the spinal cord. Ependyma is one of the four types of neuroglia in the central nervous system. It is involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is simple, columnar or cuboidal." [BTO:0000401, Wikipedia:Ependyma]
comment: FMA breaks ependyma into epednyma proper (a subdivsion of epithelium) and epithelium of choroid plexus
synonym: "ependyma of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:242791]
synonym: "ependymal epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0000401]
synonym: "lamina epithelialis" RELATED [FMA:242791]
xref: BTO:0000401
xref: FMA:242791
xref: GAID:608
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.460
xref: SCTID:12766003
xref: UMLS:C0014472
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Gray667.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ependyma
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system
property_value: has_relational_adjective "ependymal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004672
name: posterior horn lateral ventricle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cornu posterius ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83700, FMA:TA]
synonym: "occipital horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297]
synonym: "occipital horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83700]
synonym: "posterior horn lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297]
synonym: "posterior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83700]
synonym: "posterior horn of the lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297]
xref: FMA:83700
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297
xref: SCTID:362314009
xref: UMLS:C0152282
xref: ncithesaurus:Occipital_Horn_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0002285  ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004673
name: trigeminal nerve root
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve root that continuous_with a trigeminal nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check ZFA
synonym: "descending trigeminal root" RELATED [TAO:0000192]
synonym: "root of trigeminal V nerve" EXACT [Obol:cjm]
synonym: "root of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52610]
synonym: "trigeminal nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1346]
synonym: "trigeminal neural root" EXACT [FMA:52610]
xref: FMA:52610
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1346
xref: SCTID:280185007
xref: TAO:0000192
xref: ZFA:0000192
is_a: UBERON:0004733  ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain
is_a: UBERON:0006843  ! root of cranial nerve
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002211  ! nerve root
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004674
name: facial nerve root
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve root that continuous_with a facial nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "central part of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53418]
synonym: "facial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:53418]
synonym: "facial nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1513]
synonym: "facial neural root" EXACT [FMA:53418]
synonym: "root of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53418]
xref: FMA:53418
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1513
xref: SCTID:280186008
is_a: UBERON:0004733  ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain
is_a: UBERON:0006843  ! root of cranial nerve
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002211  ! nerve root
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004675
name: hypoglossal nerve root
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve root that continuous_with a hypoglossal nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "central part of hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72632]
synonym: "hypoglossal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72632]
synonym: "hypoglossal nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1588]
synonym: "hypoglossal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72632]
synonym: "root of hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72632]
xref: FMA:72632
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1588
is_a: UBERON:0004733  ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain
is_a: UBERON:0006843  ! root of cranial nerve
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0002211  ! nerve root
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004676
name: spinal cord lateral horn
namespace: uberon
def: "a triangular field that is a lateralward projection of the postero-lateral part of the anterior column[WP, modified by cjm]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_horn_of_spinal_cord]
comment: todo - check relationship to spinal cord lateral column. in FMA funiculus=white and horn=grep
synonym: "cornu laterale medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_horn_of_spinal_cord]
synonym: "intermediate gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536]
synonym: "intermediate grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536]
synonym: "lateral gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536]
synonym: "lateral gray horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666]
synonym: "lateral gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536]
synonym: "lateral horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536]
synonym: "spinal cord intermediate horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666]
synonym: "spinal cord lateral horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666]
xref: FMA:256536
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666
xref: UMLS:C0228582
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray675.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Horn_of_the_Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0002315  ! gray matter of spinal cord
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004677
name: spinal cord gray commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "The gray commissure is a thin strip of gray matter that surrounds the central canal of the spinal cord and, along with the anterior white commissure, connects the two halves of the cord. It comprises lamina X in the Rexed classification." [Wikipedia:Gray_commissure]
synonym: "commissura grisea anaterior medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gray_commissure]
synonym: "commissura grisea posterior medulla spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gray_commissure]
synonym: "gray commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77036]
synonym: "spinal cord gray commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2669]
synonym: "spinal cord grey commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:77036
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2669
xref: SCTID:362427009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg
is_a: UBERON:0002315  ! gray matter of spinal cord
is_a: UBERON:0008882  ! spinal cord commissure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004678
name: apex of spinal cord dorsal horn
namespace: uberon
synonym: "apex cornu posterioris medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:256700, FMA:TA]
synonym: "apex of dorsal gray column" EXACT [FMA:256700]
synonym: "apex of dorsal gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256700]
synonym: "apex of dorsal horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256700]
synonym: "apex of posterior horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256700]
synonym: "apex of spinal cord dorsal horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2670]
synonym: "apex of spinal cord posterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2670]
xref: FMA:256700
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2670
is_a: UBERON:0002315  ! gray matter of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004680
name: body of fornix
namespace: uberon
def: "The columns (anterior pillars; fornicolumns) of the fornix arch downward in front of the interventricular foramen and behind the anterior commissure, and each descends through the gray substance in the lateral wall of the third ventricle to the base of the brain, where it ends in the corpus mammillare. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Columns_of_fornix]
synonym: "body of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_739]
synonym: "body of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61968]
synonym: "column of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61968]
synonym: "columna fornicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61968, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Columns_of_fornix]
synonym: "columns of fornix" EXACT [Wikipedia:Columns_of_fornix]
synonym: "fornix body" EXACT [FMA:61968]
xref: FMA:61968
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_739
xref: SCTID:369117006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray747.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray747.png/200px-Gray747.png
is_a: UBERON:0002780  ! regional part of forebrain
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004681
name: vestibular system
namespace: uberon
def: "The vestibular system, which contributes to our balance and our sense of spatial orientation, is the sensory system that provides the dominant input about movement and equilibrioception. Together with the cochlea, a part of the auditory system, it constitutes the labyrinth of the inner ear, situated in the vestibulum in the inner ear. As our movements consist of rotations and translations, the vestibular system comprises two components: the semicircular canal system, which indicate rotational movements; and the otoliths, which indicate linear accelerations. The vestibular system sends signals primarily to the neural structures that control our eye movements, and to the muscles that keep us upright. The projections to the former provide the anatomical basis of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, which is required for clear vision; and the projections to the muscles that control our posture are necessary to keep us upright." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_system]
comment: note that FMA and NIF have no part information for this class. This is a GAT in FMA
synonym: "vestibular organ system" EXACT [FMA:7193]
synonym: "vestibular system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090819]
xref: BTO:0003381
xref: FMA:7193
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090819
xref: SCTID:361533001
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004682
name: corona radiata
namespace: uberon
def: "For the structure in embryology, see Corona radiata (embryology) In neuroanatomy, the corona radiata is a white matter sheet that continues caudally as the internal capsule and rostrally as the centrum semiovale. This sheet of axons contains both descending and ascending axons that carry nearly all of the neural traffic from and to the cerebral cortex. The corona radiata is associated with the corticospinal tract, the corticopontine tract, and the corticobulbar tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Corona_radiata]
synonym: "corona radiata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090903]
xref: FMA:18661
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090903
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray745.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gray745.png/200px-Gray745.png
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0011299  ! white matter of telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004683
name: parasubiculum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "parasubicular area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_091002]
synonym: "parasubiculum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_091002]
xref: ABA:PAR
xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PASB
xref: FMA:77604
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_091002
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001953
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002191
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002728

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004684
name: raphe nuclei
namespace: uberon
def: "Thin plates of cells in and immediately adjacent to the sagittal plane[NIF]. A moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem. Their main function is to release serotonin to the rest of the brain. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are believed to act in these nuclei, as well as at their targets. The raphe nuclei are traditionally considered to be the medial portion of the reticular formation, and they appear as a ridge of cells in the center and most medial portion of the brain stem." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090205, Wikipedia:Raphe_nuclei, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3248146&group_id=36855&atid=440764]
comment: we treat NR obscurus, NR magnus etc as parts of the raphe nuclei. This is consistent with treatment in FMA, where the class is 'set of raphe nuclei'
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "nuclei raphes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:84017, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Raphe_nuclei]
synonym: "raphe cluster" RELATED [Wikipedia:Raphe_nuclei]
synonym: "raphe nuclei" EXACT [FMA:84017, NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090205]
synonym: "raphe nuclei set" EXACT [FMA:84017]
synonym: "raphe nucleus" RELATED [ZFA:0001429]
synonym: "set of raphe nuclei" RELATED [FMA:84017]
xref: FMA:84017
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.659.632
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090205
xref: TAO:0001429
xref: UMLS:C0034671
xref: ZFA:0001429
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Raphe_Nuclei
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004685
name: middle temporal area
namespace: uberon
synonym: "middle temporal area" EXACT [FMA:68618, NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090308]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090308
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Brodmann_area_21.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Brodmann_area_21.png/200px-Brodmann_area_21.png
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004686
name: gastro-splenic ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "peritoneum connecting the greater curvature of stomach with the hilum of the spleen[umich]. part of the greater omentum; derived from the dorsal mesogastrium in the embryo." [Wikipedia:Gastrosplenic_ligament, http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/stomach_tables.html]
comment: in MA, EMAPA and EHDAA2 this is part of the dorsal mesogastrium. In wikipedia, and the above source, it is derived from the DM. This is a generic ligament in MA, we infer this and assert that this is a nonskeletal ligament
synonym: "gastrolienal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16517]
synonym: "gastrosplenc ligament" EXACT [FMA:16517]
synonym: "gastrosplenic ligament" EXACT [FMA:16517]
synonym: "ligamentum gastrosplenicum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gastrosplenic_ligament]
xref: EHDAA2:0000702
xref: EHDAA:9160
xref: EMAPA:18285
xref: EMAPA:18905
xref: FMA:16517
xref: MA:0001619
xref: SCTID:260636005
xref: VHOG:0000354
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray1039.png
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001248 ! hilum of spleen
relationship: connects UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: connects UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005602 ! dorsal mesogastrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005448 ! greater omentum
property_value: external_definition "Mesenteric fold extending from the greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004687
name: lieno-renal ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "peritoneum that attaches the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall over the left kidney. develops from the dorsal mesogastrium of the embryo[umich]" [Wikipedia:Splenorenal_ligament, http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/peritoneum_tables.html]
comment: Multiple sources support greater omentum assignment. E.g. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/splenorenal+ligament. We change the MA part_of assignment to develops_from
synonym: "lienorenal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522]
synonym: "ligamentum lienorenale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16522, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ligamentum splenorenale (lienorenale, phrenicosplenicum)" EXACT [FMA:16522]
synonym: "phrenicolienal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522]
synonym: "splenicorenal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522]
synonym: "splenorenal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522]
xref: EHDAA2:0004572
xref: EMAPA:18286
xref: EMAPA:18906
xref: FMA:16522
xref: MA:0001620
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005602 ! dorsal mesogastrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005448 ! greater omentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004688
name: costo-cervical trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "The costocervical trunk arises from the upper and back part of the subclavian artery, behind the scalenus anterior on the right side, and medial to that muscle on the left side. Passing backward, it splits into the deep cervical artery and the supreme intercostal artery (or the Highest intercostal artery), which descends behind the pleura in front of the necks of the first and second ribs, and anastomoses with the first aortic intercostal (3rd posterior intercostal artery). As it crosses the neck of the first rib it lies medial to the anterior division of the first thoracic nerve, and lateral to the first thoracic ganglion of the sympathetic trunk. In the first intercostal space, it gives off a branch which is distributed in a manner similar to the distribution of the aortic intercostals. The branch for the second intercostal space usually joins with one from the highest aortic intercostal artery. This branch is not constant, but is more commonly found on the right side; when absent, its place is supplied by an intercostal branch from the aorta. Each intercostal gives off a posterior branch which goes to the posterior vertebral muscles, and sends a small spinal branch through the corresponding intervertebral foramen to the medulla spinalis and its membranes. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Costocervical_trunk]
synonym: "costocervical trunk" EXACT [FMA:10636]
synonym: "truncus costocervicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costocervical_trunk]
synonym: "trunk of costocervical artery" EXACT [FMA:10636]
xref: FMA:10636
xref: MA:0001939
xref: SCTID:244225009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Costocervical_trunk_with_branches.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Costocervical_trunk_with_branches.png/200px-Costocervical_trunk_with_branches.png
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004689
name: naso-frontal vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nasofrontal vein" EXACT [FMA:51729]
xref: FMA:51729
xref: MA:0002182
xref: SCTID:44840002
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003712 ! cavernous sinus
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004690
name: pancreaticoduodenal vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Superior posterior pancreaticoduodenal vein" EXACT [FMA:15398]
synonym: "pancreatico-duodenal vein" EXACT [MA:0002190]
synonym: "pancreaticoduodenal vein" EXACT [FMA:15398]
synonym: "vena pancreaticoduodenalis" EXACT []
synonym: "vena pancreaticoduodenalis superior posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15398, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:15398
xref: MA:0002190
xref: SCTID:76262002
xref: UMLS:C0226751
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatico-Duodenal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001214  ! pancreatic tributary of splenic vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004692
name: external naris epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a naris [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18596
xref: MA:0001321
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005928 ! external naris
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005928 ! external naris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004693
name: Peyer's patch epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a Peyer' s patch [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "peyer's patch epithelium" EXACT [MA:0000731]
xref: MA:0000731
is_a: UBERON:0001277  ! intestinal epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004694
name: harderian gland epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a Harderian gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001248
is_a: UBERON:0004817  ! lacrimal gland epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004187 ! Harderian gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004187 ! Harderian gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004695
name: arterial system smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an arterial system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000704
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004696
name: venous system smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a venous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000715
is_a: UBERON:0004237  ! blood vessel smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004237 ! blood vessel smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004697
name: Peyer's patch germinal center
namespace: uberon
def: "area of the Peyer's patch where B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells" [MP:0002391]
xref: MA:0000734
xref: UMLS:C1711398
xref: ncithesaurus:Peyer_s_Patch_Germinal_Center
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010754  ! germinal center
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch
intersection_of: UBERON:0010754  ! germinal center
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004698
name: vena cava endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a vena cava [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000713
xref: UMLS:C1710623
xref: ncithesaurus:Vena_Cava_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0001919  ! endothelium of vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004087 ! vena cava
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004087 ! vena cava

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004699
name: outflow tract endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000490
xref: VHOG:0001524
is_a: UBERON:0008307  ! heart endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
property_value: homology_notes "It is assumed that during evolution, a circulatory system composed of the heart and endothelial tubular system first formed in vertebrates, medial smooth muscle then appeared for regulation of the system, and innervation of the muscle tissue took place. This sequence of development assumed for phylogenesis is actually realized in the ontogenetic processes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004700
name: arterial system endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of an arterial system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000703
xref: UMLS:C1706849
xref: ncithesaurus:Arterial_System_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004852  ! cardiovascular system endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004701
name: venous system endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a venous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000714
xref: UMLS:C1710626
xref: ncithesaurus:Venous_System_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004852  ! cardiovascular system endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004702
name: respiratory system blood vessel endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel endothelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001805
is_a: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004703
name: dorsal thalamus
namespace: uberon
comment: MA and ZFA think there is a distinct dorsal thalamus, but FMA says its an exact synonym. TODO. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8167659
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal thalamus" RELATED [FMA:62007]
synonym: "thalamus, pars dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000653]
xref: BM:Die-Th
xref: EHDAA2:0000692
xref: MA:0000180
xref: TAO:0000653
xref: ZFA:0000653
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0002730  ! regional part of thalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004704
name: bone fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "a depression or hollow in a bone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fossa#Anatomy]
comment: AO notes: General Anatomical term in FMA; not restricted to bone in ncit; surface feature in VSAO; note that entities named 'fossa' are cavities in FMA, hence placement here
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "concavities" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001743]
synonym: "concavity" RELATED [TAO:0001743]
synonym: "depression" RELATED [TAO:0001743]
synonym: "depressions" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001743]
synonym: "fossa" EXACT []
synonym: "fossae" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001743]
synonym: "groove" RELATED [TAO:0001743]
xref: AAO:0010439
xref: FMA:45791
xref: TAO:0001743
xref: UMLS:C0836913
xref: VSAO:0005069
xref: ZFA:0005388
xref: ncithesaurus:Fossa
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical space that is a concavity, shallow depression, or groove on a bone.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004705
name: fenestra
namespace: uberon
def: "an opening in the skull or other bones[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fenestra]
comment: TODO check fenestra vs fossa. fenestra = hole, fossa = depression with bottom?
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004706
name: bulbus cordis
namespace: uberon
def: "The bulbus cordis lies ventral to the primitive ventricle after the developing heart assumes its S-shaped form. Together, the bulbus cordis and the primitive ventricle give rise to the ventricle of the formed heart. The adjacent walls of the bulbus cordis and ventricle approximate, fuse, and finally disappear, and the bulbus cordis now communicates freely with the right ventricle, while the junction of the bulbus with the truncus arteriosus is brought directly ventral to and applied to the atrial canal. By the upgrowth of the ventricular septum the bulbus cordis is in great measure separated from the left ventricle, but remains an integral part of the right ventricle, of which it forms the infundibulum[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bulbus_cordis]
comment: todo - check ZFA
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "primitive right ventricle endocardium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000197, JB:def]
xref: EHDAA2:0000197
xref: EHDAA:438
xref: EHDAA:768
xref: EMAPA:16216
xref: EMAPA:16333
xref: FMA:70300
xref: SCTID:361525002
xref: TAO:0000173
xref: UMLS:C1284055
xref: ZFA:0000173
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Gray466.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Gray466.png/200px-Gray466.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bulbus_Cordis
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
property_value: external_definition "A pear shaped chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches. The bulbus arteriosus has three distinct layers. Hu et al. 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004707
name: pharyngula stage
namespace: uberon
def: "A stage that follows the blastula, gastrula and neurula stages. At the pharyngula stage, all vertebrate embryos show remarkable similarities." [Wikipedia:Pharyngula]
comment: Corresponds to E7-E11 in Mouse (Galis et al, TREE, 2001)
synonym: "pharyngula" RELATED []
synonym: "phylotypic stage" EXACT []
xref: DrerDO:0000052
xref: EFO:0001310
xref: OGES:000006
xref: ZFS:0000050
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000110 ! neurula stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004708
name: limb/fin
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0009872
def: "An appendage that is part of a appendage girdle complex." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: this class is the union of the classes limb, pectoral fin and pelvic fin.
synonym: "girdle-associated appendage" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "jointed paired lateral appendage" NARROW [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "paired appendage" EXACT [VSAO:0000067]
synonym: "pectoral or pelvic appendage" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "pelvic/pectoral appendage" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: VSAO:0000067
is_a: UBERON:0000026  ! appendage
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0000026  ! appendage
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004709
name: pelvic appendage
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0009876
def: "Paired appendage that consists of the posterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues." [VSAO:0000150]
comment: VSAO notes - in contrast to VSAO, we include separate subclasses for limbs and fins
synonym: "hindlimb/pelvic fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "pelvic appendage" EXACT [VSAO:0000126]
synonym: "pelvic limb/fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "posterior paired appendage" EXACT [VSAO:0000126]
xref: VSAO:0000126
is_a: UBERON:0004708  ! limb/fin
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0004708  ! limb/fin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004710
name: pectoral appendage
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0009875
def: "Paired appendage that consists of the anterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pectoral girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues." [VSAO:0000150-modified]
synonym: "anterior limb/fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "anterior paired appendage" EXACT [VSAO:0000148]
synonym: "forelimb - pectoral fin" EXACT [VHOG:0001753]
synonym: "forelimb or pectoral fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "forelimb/pectoral fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "pectoral limb/fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: VHOG:0001753
xref: VSAO:0000125
is_a: UBERON:0004708  ! limb/fin
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0004708  ! limb/fin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
property_value: homology_notes "While the skeletons of teleost pectoral fins and tetrapod forelimbs are homologous at the level of endoskeletal radials, teleosts and tetrapods do not share homologous skeletal elements at the level of 'individuated' pro-, meso-, and metapterygia. Among osteichthyans, only basal actinopterygians retain the full complement of elements present in non-osteichthyan gnathostomes.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004711
name: jugular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Any one of the several large veins of the neck that drain blood from the head[BTO]. Veins in the neck which drain the brain, face, and neck into the brachiocephalic or subclavian veins[GAID]. The jugular veins are veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava[WP]." [BTO:0001744, Wikipedia:Jugular_vein]
synonym: "jugular" RELATED []
synonym: "vena jugularis" RELATED [BTO:0001744]
xref: BTO:0001744
xref: EMAPA:18638
xref: GAID:536
xref: MA:0002154
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.498
xref: SCTID:244403000
xref: UMLS:C0022427
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray558.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gray558.png/200px-Gray558.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Jugular_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0003502  ! neck blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004713
name: corpus cavernosum penis
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the columns of erectile tissue forming the dorsum and sides of the penis." [BTO:0002019, Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum_penis]
synonym: "cavernous body of penis" RELATED [BTO:0002019]
synonym: "corpus cavernosum" BROAD [BTO:0002019]
synonym: "corpus cavernosum of penis" EXACT [FMA:19618]
synonym: "corpus cavernosum penis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum_penis]
synonym: "corpus spongiosum penis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BTO:0002019]
synonym: "penile corpus cavernosum" RELATED [BTO:0002019]
synonym: "penis erectile tissue" BROAD [MA:0001743]
synonym: "spongy body of male urethra" RELATED [BTO:0002019]
synonym: "spongy body of penis" RELATED [BTO:0002019]
xref: BTO:0002019
xref: EMAPA:29850
xref: EMAPA:29856
xref: FMA:19618
xref: MA:0001743
xref: SCTID:245468004
xref: UMLS:C0227937
xref: UMLS:C1709494
xref: Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum_penis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray1155.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gray1155.png/200px-Gray1155.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Corpora_Cavernosa
xref: ncithesaurus:Penis_Erectile_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006609  ! corpus cavernosum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis
intersection_of: UBERON:0006609  ! corpus cavernosum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004714
name: septum pellucidum
namespace: uberon
def: "The septum pellucidum is made up of two thin sheets of mostly glial-like elements that abut each other in the midline and have a potential space between them. Those sheets also separate the left and right lateral ventricles from each other. At the base of the sheets rostrally, however, are the septal nuclei, which are important components of the limbic system.a thin, triangular, vertical membrane separating the lateral ventricles of the brain. It separates the anterior horn of the left and right lateral ventricles. It runs as a sheet from the corpus callosum down to the fornix. When the hemispheres are cut apart, the septum remains on one hemisphere, usually the left. The septum pellucidum is implicated in pleasure, mood, rage, sexual gratification and more. Lesions of the septum lead to sham rage. Stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (primary efferent of the septum) restores normal behavior." [BTO:0003448, Wikipedia:Septum_pellucidum]
synonym: "pellucidum" RELATED [BTO:0003448]
synonym: "septum lucidum" RELATED [BTO:0003448]
synonym: "supracommissural septum" EXACT [FMA:61844]
xref: BTO:0003448
xref: FMA:61844
xref: MA:0002979
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.814
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1315
xref: SCTID:362313003
xref: UMLS:C0036700
xref: Wikipedia:Septum_pellucidum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Septum_Pellucidum
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000446 ! septum of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004715
name: annulus fibrosus disci intervertebralis
namespace: uberon
def: "The ring of fibrocartilage and fibrous tissue forming the circumference of the intervertebral disc; surrounds the nucleus pulposus, which is prone to herniation when the annulus fibrosus is compromised." [BTO:0003629, Wikipedia:Annulus_fibrosus_disci_intervertebralis]
synonym: "annulus fibrosus" BROAD [MA:0000111]
synonym: "annulus fibrosus of intervertebral disc" RELATED [BTO:0003629]
synonym: "anulus fibrosus (diskus intervertebralis)" EXACT [FMA:13551]
synonym: "anulus fibrosus of intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:13551]
synonym: "fibrous ring of intervertebral disc" RELATED [BTO:0003629]
xref: BTO:0003629
xref: FMA:13551
xref: MA:0000111
xref: Wikipedia:Annulus_fibrosus_disci_intervertebralis
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Cervical_vertebra_english.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Cervical_vertebra_english.png/200px-Cervical_vertebra_english.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006444  ! annulus fibrosus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk
intersection_of: UBERON:0006444  ! annulus fibrosus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk
disjoint_from: UBERON:0006008  ! fibrous ring of heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004716
name: conceptus
namespace: uberon
def: "The embryo and its adnexa (appendages or adjunct parts) or associated membranes (i.e. the products of conception) The conceptus includes all structures that develop from the zygote, both embryonic and extraembryonic. It includes the embryo as well as the embryonic part of the placenta and its associated membranes - amnion, chorion (gestational sac), and yolk sac[WP]." [BTO:0003834, Wikipedia:Conceptus]
synonym: "embryo plus adnexa" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0000194
xref: BTO:0003834
xref: EHDAA2:0000001
xref: EHDAA2:0003235
xref: UMLS:C1516779
xref: Wikipedia:Conceptus
xref: ncithesaurus:Conceptus
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004717
name: Brodmann (1909) area 29
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 29, also known as granular retrolimbic area 29 or granular retrosplenial cortex, is a cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it is a narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the ectosplenial area 26 and externally by the agranular retrolimbic area 30 (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_29]
synonym: "Area retrolimbica granularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763]
synonym: "B09-29" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763]
synonym: "Brodmann area 29" EXACT [FMA:68626]
synonym: "Brodmann area 29, granular retrolimbic" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763]
synonym: "area 29 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763]
synonym: "area 29 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68626]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 29" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763]
synonym: "brodmann's area 29" EXACT [FMA:68626]
synonym: "granular retrolimbic area 29" RELATED [BTO:0003978, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_29]
xref: BTO:0003978
xref: FMA:68626
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1763
xref: Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_29
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area
property_value: external_definition "A cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it is a narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the ectosplenial area 26 and externally by the agranular retrolimbic area 30[BTO:0003978]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004718
name: Brodmann (1909) area 26
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_26]
synonym: "Area ectosplenialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757]
synonym: "B09-26" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757]
synonym: "Brodmann area 26" EXACT [FMA:68623]
synonym: "Brodmann area 26, ectosplenial" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757]
synonym: "area 26 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757]
synonym: "area 26 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68623]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 26" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757]
synonym: "ectosplenial area" EXACT [FMA:68623]
synonym: "ectosplenial area 26" RELATED [BTO:0003979, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_26]
xref: BTO:0003979
xref: FMA:68623
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1757
xref: Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_26
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area
property_value: external_definition "In the human this area is called ectosplenial area 26. It is a cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. It is a narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus adjacent to the fasciolar gyrus internally. It is bounded externally by the granular retrolimbic area 29[BTO:0003979]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004719
name: arcuate vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The arcuate vein is a vessel of the renal circulation. It is located at the border of the renal cortex and renal medulla." [Wikipedia:Arcuate_vein]
synonym: "arcuate veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arcuate_vein]
synonym: "venae arcuatae renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arcuate_vein]
xref: EMAPA:28221
xref: MA:0002593
xref: Wikipedia:Arcuate_vein
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/200px-Kidney_PioM.png
is_a: UBERON:0003517  ! kidney blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004720
name: cerebellar vermis
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of the structure of animal brains, the cerebellar vermis is a narrow, wormlike structure between the hemispheres of the cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_vermis]
synonym: "cerebellum vermis" EXACT [FMA:76928]
synonym: "vermal parts of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1175]
synonym: "vermal regions" EXACT [ABA:VERM]
synonym: "vermis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_vermis]
synonym: "vermis cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_vermis]
synonym: "vermis cerebelli [i-x]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76928, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:76928]
synonym: "vermis of cerebellum [i-x]" EXACT [FMA:76928]
xref: ABA:VERM
xref: EV:0100298
xref: FMA:76928
xref: MA:0000202
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1175
xref: SCTID:279105006
xref: UMLS:C0228482
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png/200px-CerebellumDiv.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vermis
is_a: UBERON:0002749  ! regional part of cerebellar cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004721
name: crista ampullaris
namespace: uberon
def: "The crista ampullaris is the sensory organ of rotation located in the semicircular canal of the inner ear. The function of the crista ampullaris is to sense angular acceleration and deceleration." [Wikipedia:Crista_ampullaris]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "ampullary crest" RELATED [MA:0002771]
synonym: "ampullary crest of semicircular duct" EXACT [FMA:77714]
synonym: "cristae ampullares" RELATED [Wikipedia:Crista_ampullaris]
xref: FMA:77714
xref: MA:0002771
xref: SCTID:368953000
xref: UMLS:C0229465
xref: Wikipedia:Crista_ampullaris
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Semicircular_canal_-_ampulla.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ampullary_Crest
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004043 ! semicircular canal ampulla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004722
name: deep cervical lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The deep cervical lymph nodes are a group of cervical lymph nodes found near the internal jugular vein. They can be divided into upper and lower groups, or superior and inferior groups. Alternatively, they can be divided into deep anterior cervical lymph nodes and deep lateral cervical lymph nodes. They can also be divided into three groups: superior deep jugular, middle deep jugular, and 'inferior deep jugular'." [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "lower jugular nodes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "middle jugular nodes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "upper jugular nodes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes]
xref: MA:0002885
xref: SCTID:279145002
xref: UMLS:C0458298
xref: Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Illu_lymph_chain02.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Illu_lymph_chain02.jpg/200px-Illu_lymph_chain02.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Cervical_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0002429  ! cervical lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004723
name: interlobular artery
namespace: uberon
def: "the branches of the arcuate arteries of the kidney that radiate outward throught the renal columns and supply the glomeruli[MP]. The first set of renal bloodvessels, the interlobular arteries (or cortical radiate arteries, or cortical radial arteries), are given off at right angles from the side of the arcuate arteries looking toward the cortical substance, and pass directly outward between the medullary rays to reach the fibrous tunic, where they end in the capillary network of this part. These vessels do not anastomose with each other, but form what are called end-arteries. In their outward course they give off lateral branches; these are the afferent vessels for the renal corpuscles; they enter the capsule, and end in the glomerulus. From each tuft the corresponding efferent vessel arises, and, having made its egress from the capsule near to the point where the afferent vessel enters, breaks up into a number of branches, which form a dense plexus within Bowman's capsule." [MP:0011316, Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries]
synonym: "arteriae corticales radiatae, arteriae interlobulares renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries]
synonym: "cortical radial arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries]
synonym: "interlobular" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries]
synonym: "interlobular renal artery" EXACT [FMA:70498]
synonym: "kidney interlobular artery" EXACT [MP:0011316]
xref: EMAPA:28212
xref: FMA:70498
xref: MA:0002584
xref: SCTID:76147008
xref: UMLS:C1512856
xref: Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Interlobular_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0003644  ! kidney arterial blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004724
name: medial palpebral ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial palpebral ligament (tendo oculi), about 4 mm. in length and 2 mm. in breadth, is attached to the frontal process of the maxilla in front of the lacrimal groove. Crossing the lacrimal sac, it divides into two parts, upper and lower, each attached to the medial end of the corresponding tarsus. As the ligament crosses the lacrimal sac, a strong aponeurotic is given off from its posterior surface; this expands over the sac, and is attached to the posterior lacrimal crest." [Wikipedia:Medial_palpebral_ligament]
synonym: "l. palpebrale mediale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_palpebral_ligament]
xref: MA:0001258
xref: SCTID:280578002
xref: UMLS:C0229251
xref: Wikipedia:Medial_palpebral_ligament
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Gray894.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Gray894.png/200px-Gray894.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Palpebral_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
is_a: UBERON:0003581  ! eyelid connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004725
name: piriform cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy of animals, the piriform cortex, or pyriform cortex is a region in the brain. The piriform cortex is part of the rhinencephalon situated in the telencephalon. The function of the piriform cortex relates to olfaction, which is the perception of smells. Sometimes called the olfactory cortex, olfactory lobe or paleopallium, piriform cortical regions are present in the brains of amphibians, reptiles and mammals. The piriform cortex is among three areas that emerge in the telencephalon of amphibians, situated caudally to a dorsal area, which is caudal to a hippocampal area. Farther along the phylogenic timeline, the telencephalic bulb of reptiles as viewed in a cross section of the transverse plane extends with the archipallial hippocampus folding toward the midline and down as the dorsal area begins to form a recognizable cortex. As mammalian cerebrums developed, volume of the dorsal cortex increased in slightly greater proportion, as compared proportionally with increased overall brain volume, until it enveloped the hippocampal regions. Recognized as neopallium or neocortex, enlarged dorsal areas envelop the paleopallial piriform cortex in humans and Old World monkeys. Among taxonomic groupings of mammals, the piriform cortex and the olfactory bulb become proportionally smaller in the brains of phylogenically younger species. The piriform cortex occupies a greater proportion of the overall brain and of the telencephalic brains of insectivores than in primates. The piriform cortex continues to occupy a consistent albeit small and declining proportion of the increasingly large telencephalon in the most recent primate species while the volume of the olfactory bulb becomes less in proportion. It is Brodmann area 27." [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex]
synonym: "cortex piriformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex]
synonym: "piriform area" RELATED [BTO:0002651, MA:0000978]
synonym: "piriform lobe" RELATED [BTO:0002651]
synonym: "primary olfactory areas" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2706]
synonym: "primary olfactory cortex" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex]
synonym: "pyriform cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex]
synonym: "pyriform lobe" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex]
xref: BTO:0002651
xref: EV:0100178
xref: MA:0000978
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097
xref: SCTID:369098004
xref: Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004726
name: vasa recta
namespace: uberon
def: "In the blood supply of the kidney, the vasa recta renis (or straight arteries of kidney, or straight arterioles of kidney) form a series of straight capillaries in the medulla. They lie parallel to the loop of Henle. These vessels branch off the efferent arterioles of juxtamedullary nephrons (those nephrons closest to the medulla), enter the medulla, and surround the loop of Henle." [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta]
comment: TODO - is this a vein or set of veins? in MA it is a venous blood vessel
synonym: "arteria recta" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta]
synonym: "arteriae rectae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta]
synonym: "arteriolae rectae renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72006, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Vasa_recta]
synonym: "arteriolae recti" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta]
synonym: "kidney vasa recta" EXACT [MP:0011324]
synonym: "renal medullary capillary" EXACT [EMAPA:30043]
synonym: "set of straight arterioles of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72006]
synonym: "straight arterioles of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72006]
synonym: "vasa recta of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72006]
synonym: "vasa recta renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72006, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vasa rectae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta]
xref: EMAPA:30043
xref: FMA:72006
xref: MA:0002595
xref: galen:ArteriaeRectae
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Kidney_nephron.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Kidney_nephron.png/200px-Kidney_nephron.png
is_a: UBERON:0001140  ! renal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004727
name: cochlear nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "a nerve in the head that carries signals from the cochlea of the inner ear to the brain. It is part of the vestibulocochlear nerve, the 8th cranial nerve which is found in higher vertebrates; the other portion of the 8th cranial nerve is the vestibular nerve which carries spatial orientation information from the semicircular canals. The cochlear nerve is a sensory nerve, one which conducts to the brain information about the environment, in this case acoustic energy impinging on the tympanic membrane. The cochlear nerve arises from within the cochlea and extends to the brainstem, where its fibers make contact with the cochlear nucleus, the next stage of neural processing in the auditory system[WP]." [ISBN:Wikipedia:Cochlear_nerve]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "auditory nerve" EXACT [FMA:53431]
synonym: "cochlear component" BROAD []
synonym: "cochlear root of acoustic nerve" EXACT [FMA:53431]
synonym: "cochlear root of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53431]
synonym: "nervus vestibulocochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0003490]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII nerve cochlear component" EXACT [MA:0001110]
xref: BM:VIIIN
xref: BTO:0003490
xref: EHDAA2:0002195
xref: FMA:53431
xref: GAID:723
xref: MA:0001110
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.120.910.120
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwIhQfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:280286001
xref: UMLS:C0009201
xref: VHOG:0001182
xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001648 ! vestibulocochlear nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004730
name: instar larval stage
namespace: uberon
def: "This begins with the newly hatched first-instar larva, through its maturation to the end of the last larval stage. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GO:0002168]
xref: FBdv:00005336
is_a: UBERON:0000069  ! larval stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004731
name: neuromere
namespace: uberon
def: "A segment of the developing neural tube[MP]. A metameric segment of the central nervous system[ZFA]. morphologically or molecularly defined transient segments of the early developing brain. Rhombomeres are such segments that make up the rhombencephalon or hindbrain. [WP]." [MP:0003208, Wikipedia:Neuromere]
comment: WP says: \"More controversially, some argue that there exist early developmental segments that give rise to structures of the midbrain (mesomeres) and forebrain (prosomeres).\". Note that ZFA has spinal neuromere
synonym: "neural segment" EXACT []
synonym: "neural tube segment" EXACT []
synonym: "neuromere" EXACT []
synonym: "neuromeres" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001328]
xref: TAO:0001328
xref: ZFA:0001328
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
intersection_of: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
property_value: external_definition "A metameric segment of the central nervous system.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004732
name: segmental subdivision of nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ segment that is part of a nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor note: revisit this after CARO is revised and/or we have defined metameric segment
synonym: "neuromere" RELATED [FBbt:00005140]
xref: FBbt:00005140
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004733
name: segmental subdivision of hindbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ segment that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindbrain segment" EXACT [FMA:61998]
synonym: "segment of hindbrain" EXACT [FMA:61998]
xref: FMA:61998
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004734
name: gastrula
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0007012
def: "Organism at the gastrula stage." [Wikipedia:Gastrula, Wikipedia:Trilaminar_blastocyst]
comment: We explicitly merge the NCITA terms here
synonym: "blastocystis trilaminaris" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "gastrula embryo" EXACT [BILA:0000060]
synonym: "tri-laminar disc" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "tri-laminar disk" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar blastocyst" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar blastoderm" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar disc" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar disk" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "trilaminar germ" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: BILA:0000060
xref: BTO:0001403
xref: FBbt:00005317
xref: GAID:1302
xref: MESH:A16.254.412
xref: MIAA:0000179
xref: UMLS:C0017199
xref: UMLS:C1284022
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrula
xref: ncithesaurus:Trilaminar_Embryonic_Disc
is_a: UBERON:0000922  ! embryo
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000307 ! blastula
relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000109 ! gastrula stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000109 ! gastrula stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004735
name: archenteron
namespace: uberon
def: "The cavity of a gastrula forming a primitive gut[BTO]. The primitive gut that forms during gastrulation in the developing blastula. It develops into the digestive tract of an animal. As primary mesenchyme cells detach from the vegetal pole in the blastula and enter the fluid filled cavity in the center (the blastocoel), the remaining cells at the vegetal pole flatten to form a vegetal plate. This buckles inwards towards the blastocoel in a process called invagination. The cells continue to be rearranged until the shallow dip formed by invagination transforms into a deeper, narrower pouch formed by the gastrula's endoderm. This narrowing and lengthening of the archenteron is driven by convergent extension. The open end of the archenteron is called the blastopore. The filopodia--thin fibers formed by the mesenchyme cells--found in a late gastrula contract to drag the tip of the archenteron across the blastocoel. The endoderm of the archenteron will fuse with the ectoderm of the blastocoel wall. At this point gastrulation is complete, and the gastrula has a functional digestive tube. The indentation that is actually formed is called the lip of the blastopore in amphibians and fish, and the primitive streak in birds and mammals. Each is controlled by the dorsal blastopore, and primitive node (also known as Hensen's node), respectively." [Wikipedia:Archenteron]
synonym: "gastrocoel" RELATED [XAO:0000092]
synonym: "mesenteron" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: AAO:0010430
xref: BTO:0001696
xref: XAO:0000092
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004734 ! gastrula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004736
name: metanephric glomerulus
namespace: uberon
def: "glomerulus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros." [GO:0072224]
synonym: "glomerulus of metanephros" EXACT []
xref: VHOG:0001242
is_a: UBERON:0000074  ! renal glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0000074  ! renal glomerulus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004737
name: metanephric collecting duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a metanephros [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "collecting duct of metanephros" EXACT []
synonym: "metanephric collecting tubule" RELATED [VHOG:0000983]
xref: VHOG:0000983
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004738
name: metanephric juxtaglomerular apparatus
namespace: uberon
def: "juxtaglomerular apparatus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros." [GO:0072206]
synonym: "juxtaglomerular apparatus of metanephros" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002303  ! juxtaglomerular apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010533 ! metanephros cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002303  ! juxtaglomerular apparatus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004739
name: pronephric glomerulus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004191
def: "The glomus forms from the splanchnic intermediate mesoderm and is the vascularized filtration unit, filtering the blood before it enters the tubules. The glomus is external to the nephron and extends over more than one body segment." [GO:0072013, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10, PMID:10572058, PMID:15647339, PMID:9268568, XAO:0000318]
comment: a glomus differs from a glomerulus in that each vascular glomus services several tubules. ISBN10:0073040584 \"Vertebrates, Kardong\". AO notes: GO treats glomus and pronephric glomerulus differently
synonym: "corpuscle" RELATED [XAO:0000318]
synonym: "glomera" RELATED PLURAL [XAO:0000318]
synonym: "glomerulus of pronephros" EXACT []
synonym: "glomus" NARROW [XAO:0000318]
synonym: "pronephric glomera" RELATED [VHOG:0001237]
synonym: "pronephric glomeruli" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001237]
synonym: "pronephric glomus" RELATED [VHOG:0001237]
xref: AAO:0011049
xref: SCTID:360548001
xref: TAO:0001557
xref: VHOG:0001237
xref: XAO:0000318
xref: ZFA:0001557
is_a: UBERON:0000074  ! renal glomerulus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007128 ! glomeral mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0000074  ! renal glomerulus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
property_value: external_definition "Paired highly vascularized portion of the pronephros. Left and right glomeruli are fused at the midline. Begins to function between 40 and 48hpf. Drummond, 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The teleost pronephros shares many essential features with the amphibian pronephros including its derivation from mesoderm associated with the coelom and the derivation of the glomerular blood supply from the medial dorsal aorta. However, unlike the pronephros of amphibians, which have an external glomus and tubules with nephrostomes open to the coelom, the mature teleost pronephros has no connection to the body cavity and instead functions as a closed system (reference 1); This variation in nephron types [with external glomeruli that open into the coelom and with internal glomeruli that do not connect with the coelom] and their pattern of distribution suggest an evolutionary sequence. Ancestral craniates probably had an external glomerulus and nephrostomes, as do the first few to develop in very primitive craniates. (...) The mechanism would become more efficient as the coelomic recess into which each glomerulus discharged became a part of the tubule, that is, grew around the glomerulus as a renal capsule. The glomerulus becomes internal. The nephrostomes were lost during subsequent evolution, leaving the type of renal tubule found in most vertebrates (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004740
name: basibranchial
namespace: uberon
def: "Median ventral cartilage or bony element at the ventral point of a branchial arch, behind the tongue." [http://www.fishbase.org/Glossary/Glossary.php?q=basibranchial&amp;sc=is, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/basibranchial]
synonym: "basibranchial bone" EXACT [TAO:0000170]
synonym: "basibranchials" EXACT [ZFA:0000170]
synonym: "copula I" RELATED [AAO:0000686]
xref: AAO:0000686
xref: EFO:0003503
xref: TAO:0000170
xref: ZFA:0000170
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003457  ! head bone
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005886 ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from copula (TAO:0001220)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of hyoid apparatus skeleton (AAO:0000682)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass basibranchial element (TAO:0001914)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Medial element to which other parts of the hyoid apparatus are attached.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004741
name: cleithrum
namespace: uberon
def: "Dermal bone on the margin of the scapula. The cleithrum is attached to the skull in fishes, but free from the latter in amphibians and disappears early in the evolution of reptiles." [VSAO:0000187, Wikipedia:Cleithrum]
comment: Taxon notes: Found in some early members of Chelonia (e.g. Triassochelys), but missing in all later forms.[VSAO]
synonym: "cleithra" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000184]
synonym: "cleithrum bone" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "cleithrum@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000184]
synonym: "clithra@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000184]
synonym: "clithrum@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000184]
xref: AAO:0000750
xref: EFO:0003507
xref: TAO:0000184
xref: VSAO:0000187
xref: ZFA:0000184
is_a: UBERON:0007829  ! pectoral girdle bone
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "Commonly, the cleithrum is a large, well-ossified bone provided with a dorsal and a ventral arm that form an angle of about 90 or a few more degrees. The dorsal arm may end in a sharp or spine-like process to articulate with the supracleithrum. At the confluence of both arms the bone presents a blade extending postero-ventrally and that may have different development among fishes. The anterior edge of the cleithrum is usually thick and may produce a medial plate of different degrees of development.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that articulates dorsally with the supracleithrum and ventro-medially with the scapula and coracoid and mesocoracoid bone when the last bone is present. With the posttemporal and supracleithrum, the cleithrum supports the primary pectoral girdle. The cleithrum is located immediately behind the branchial cavity.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired bones of intramembranous origin. Each cleithrum extends medially from a point near the suprascapular-scapular articulation to invest the anterior margin of the suprascapula, and occasionoally it may extend to the dorsal (medial) surface. Usually, this bone is bifurcate.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004742
name: dentary
namespace: uberon
def: "The dentary is a dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral part of the lower jaw in fishes and amphibians, extending to the whole lower jaw in mammals[VHOG,modified]." [VHOG:0001022]
comment: Taxon notes: In lobe-finned fishes and the early fossil tetrapods, the bone homologous to the mandible of mammals is merely the largest of several bones in the lower jaw. In such animals, it is referred to as the dentary bone, and forms the body of the outer surface of the jaw. It is bordered below by a number of splenial bones, while the angle of the jaw is formed by a lower angular bone and a suprangular bone just above it. The inner surface of the jaw is lined by a prearticular bone, while the articular bone forms the articulation with the skull proper. Finally a set of three narrow coronoid bones lie above the prearticular bone. As the name implies, the majority of the teeth are attached to the dentary, but there are commonly also teeth on the coronoid bones, and sometimes on the prearticular as well. This complex primitive pattern has, however, been simplified to various degrees in the great majority of vertebrates, as bones have either fused or vanished entirely. In teleosts, only the dentary, articular, and angular bones remain, while in living amphibians, the dentary is accompanied only by the prearticular, and, in salamanders, one of the coronoids. The lower jaw of reptiles has only a single coronoid and splenial, but retains all the other primitive bones except the prearticular.
synonym: "dentale" RELATED [AAO:0000124]
synonym: "dentaries" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000191]
synonym: "dentary bone" EXACT [ZFA:0000191]
synonym: "os dentale" RELATED [AAO:0000124]
synonym: "sur-angulaire" RELATED [AAO:0000124]
xref: AAO:0000124
xref: EFO:0003508
xref: TAO:0000191
xref: VHOG:0001022
xref: ZFA:0000191
xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/Dentary1.gif
is_a: UBERON:0004768  ! bone of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010336 ! mandibular process mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003324 ! mesenchyme of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps dentary-anguloarticular joint (TAO:0001749)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that is usually the anteriormost bone of the lower jaw, and that articulates with the angular, or anguloarticular bone, posteriorly, and carries part of the mandibular sensory canal and pore openings of the mandibular sensory canal on its lateral surface. The dentary is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Ossified element of intramembranous origin that invests the lateral margin of Meckel's cartilage thereby forming the lateral side of the mandible in anurans and salamanders (Duellman & Trueb, 1994:293). In caecilians, the dentary is part of a compound bone termed the pseudodentary.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The dentary is a dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral part of the lower jaw in fishes and amphibians. In mammals the lower jaw consists entirely of the dentary bone. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, ZFA:0000191_and_Liem_KF, p.248][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Of all these bones [dentary, splenials, coronoids, angular, surangular and prearticular], only the dentary remains in the lower jaw of a mammal.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004743
name: coracoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral bone that is paired and forms part of the socket for the humerus in tetrapods and acts as base of the pectoral fin in fish." [VSAO:curator, Wikipedia:Coracoid]
comment: Editor notes: check developmental relationships. Taxon notes: In Theria, coracoid bones non-existent or fused with the shoulder blades to form coracoid processes[WP]. Procoracoid+coracoid are homologuous with coracoid of teleostomi. The coracoid is a triangular shaped-bone that usually has an anteriorly directed long process that may joins its counterpart in some fish groups. It may be perforated by the coracoid foramen or it may be notched dorsally and forms the scapulo-coracoid foramen together with a similar notch of the ventral margin of the scapula[VSAO] Terminology notes: see discussion in Kardong - suggests using procoracoid (anterior coracoid) for the element in birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish, and reserving coracoid for the new synapsid/therian structure.
synonym: "clavicula" RELATED [AAO:0000764]
synonym: "clavicula posterior" RELATED [AAO:0000764]
synonym: "clavicula vera" RELATED [AAO:0000764]
synonym: "coracocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000332]
synonym: "coracoid" EXACT [ZFA:0000332]
synonym: "coracoideum" RELATED [AAO:0000764]
synonym: "coracoidien" RELATED [AAO:0000764]
synonym: "coracoids" EXACT [ZFA:0000332]
synonym: "hypocoracocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000332]
synonym: "metacoracoid " RELATED [VSAO:0000158]
synonym: "pars sternalis scapulae" RELATED [AAO:0000764]
xref: AAO:0000764
xref: TAO:0000332
xref: VSAO:0000158
xref: ZFA:0000332
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0007829  ! pectoral girdle bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004753 ! scapulocoracoid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32525
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of zonal element (AAO:0000936)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "The coracoid is a triangular shaped-bone that usually has an anteriorly directed long process that may joins its counterpart in some fish groups. It may be perforated by the coracoid foramen or it may be notched dorsally and forms the scapulo-coracoid foramen together with a similar notch of the ventral margin of the scapula.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that articulates dorsally with the scapula and with the mesocoracoid when the latter is present, posteriorly with the lower two or three proximal radials and antero-ventrally with the cleithrum.  The coracoid develops from the scapulo-coracoid cartilage. The coracoid is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired cartilaginous structures or endochondral bones located on the posterolateral portions of the zonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004745
name: parasphenoid
namespace: uberon
def: "a tooth- or denticle-covered plate which is attached to the sphenoid stem[Palaeos]." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/sphenethmoid.html]
synonym: "keilbein" RELATED [AAO:0000385]
synonym: "os parasphenoidale" RELATED [AAO:0000385]
synonym: "os sphenoideum" RELATED [AAO:0000385]
synonym: "parabasale" RELATED [AAO:0000385]
xref: AAO:0000385
xref: TAO:0000561
xref: ZFA:0000561
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
is_a: UBERON:0012071  ! palate bone
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003111 ! sphenoid region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003112 ! olfactory region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps parasphenoid-basioccipital joint (TAO:0001832)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps parasphenoid-pterosphenoid joint (TAO:0002217)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Azygous, dermal bone of intramembranous origin that underlies the ventral surface of the braincase in anurans and salamanders. In caecilians, the parasphenoid and other bones are fused to form the Os basale.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms part of the base of the skull and the lateral walls of the braincase through its ascending processes. It may articulate with the vomer anteriorly, the prootics and exoccipitals laterally, and the basioccipital posteriorly. The parasphenoid is an elongate median bone.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004746
name: prootic bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired, endochondral bones forming the anterior, and lateral walls of the otic capsules." [AAO:0000514]
synonym: "prootic" EXACT [AAO:0000514]
synonym: "prootics" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000575]
xref: AAO:0000514
xref: EFO:0003542
xref: TAO:0000575
xref: ZFA:0000575
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004637 ! otic capsule
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005410 ! cartilaginous otic capsule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 ! otic region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from basal plate cartilage (TAO:0001425)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps orbitosphenoid-prootic joint (TAO:0001794)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps prootic-exoccipital joint (TAO:0002034)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps prootic-pterosphenoid joint (TAO:0002033)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: develops_from neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that sutures with the pterosphenoid anteriorly, the sphenotic and pterotic dorsally, the parasphenoid ventrally, the basioccipital postero-ventrally, the exoccipital posteriorly, and occasionally, with the intercalar posteriorly. The dorsal edge of the prootic contributes to the hyomandibular facet. The prootic bears foramina that accommodate branches of the trigeminal and facial nerves. The prootic is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004747
name: supraoccipital bone
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005237
comment: Taxon notes (via VHOG): See Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution, Fourth Edition (2006) McGraw-Hill, p.237 Table 7.1
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "acrinial@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000595]
synonym: "acrinioste@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000595]
synonym: "supraoccipital" EXACT [VHOG:0001150]
synonym: "supraoccipital@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000595]
xref: MA:0001474
xref: SCTID:95947006
xref: TAO:0000595
xref: VHOG:0001150
xref: ZFA:0000595
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011162 ! supraoccipital cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005902 ! occipital region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps supraoccipital-parietal joint (TAO:0005264)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that is located at the dorsal part of the occipital region of the cranium or the dorso-posterior part of the skull. It forms the dorsal margin of the foramen magnum. Commonly the supraoccipital articulates with the parietals anteriorly, the epiotics laterally, and the exoccipitals posteroventrally. The supraoccipital is an unpaired median bone.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The supraoccipital ties the occiput to the dermal skull table.[Palaeos]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "a bone on the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the young..[TFD]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004748
name: obsolete autopalatine
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
property_value: external_definition "Sliver of bone that invest part of or all the posterior aspect of each antorbital plane.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The cartilaginous autopalatine forms from the anterior palatoquadrate arch. The first sign of ossification is visible at the anterior tip where it articulates with the maxilla (7.6 mm). In adults there are three processes at the anterior portion of the palatine: a ventromedial process, which forms the socket of the small ball- and- socket joint with the preethmoid; a dorsomedial process, which is connected by a short ligament to the ethmoid; and a lateral process, which extends toward the first infraorbital. Possession of a dorsomedial process, which abuts the ethmoid, is a unique feature shared by Cypriniformes (Fink and Fink, 1981). The palatine has two components, the autopalatine (derived from pars autopalatine) and the dermal component having teeth, the dermopalatine Arratia & Schultze 1990. The element in cypriniforms is only the cartilage part, so that it is more correct to name it autopalatine and not as palatine in general that it implies a fusion of elements (as in perciforms).[ZFA]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004749
name: blastodisc
namespace: uberon
def: "a small, circular, white spot (approximately 2-3 mm across) on the surface of the yellow yolk of an egg that has been laid. The nucleus of the egg is in the germinal disc." [Wikipedia:Germinal_disc]
synonym: "germinal disc" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_disc]
xref: AAO:0000043
xref: BTO:0000494
xref: BTO:0001504
xref: TAO:0001175
xref: ZFA:0001175
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004750
name: blastoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of cells formed at one pole of macrolecithal eggs such as the yolky egg of birds. The yolk prevents the division from taking place through the egg, resulting in meroblastic cleavage during the many cleavage divisions. At the animal pole (containing less yolk than the vegetal pole), the zygote divides and subdivides, forming the blastoderm, which gradually spreads around the yolk and forms the embryo. The blastoderm is composed of two layers, the epiblast and the hypoblast, which enclose the fluid-filled blastocoel cavity." [Wikipedia:Blastoderm]
xref: AAO:0000042
xref: BTO:0000126
xref: MESH:A16.254.085.067
xref: TAO:0001176
xref: ZFA:0001176
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004749 ! blastodisc
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000089 ! hypoblast (generic)
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic)

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004751
name: hypohyal bone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hypohyals" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001381]
xref: AAO:0000958
xref: TAO:0001381
xref: ZFA:0001381
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011613  ! hypohyal element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011610 ! ceratohyal cartilage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011612 ! hypohyal cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011153 ! ventral hyoid arch skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of hyoid apparatus skeleton (AAO:0000682)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Paired element that articulates anterioly with the basihyal and posteriorly with the ceratohyal hypohyals.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the anterior ceratohyal posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004752
name: palatoquadrate cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "the dorsal component of the mandibular arch" [Wikipedia:Palatoquadrate]
synonym: "dorsal mandibular cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001399]
synonym: "palatoquadrate" EXACT [AAO:0000379]
synonym: "pterygoquadrate" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0001399]
synonym: "quadrate cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001399]
xref: AAO:0000379
xref: TAO:0001399
xref: ZFA:0001399
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003108 ! suspensorium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011085 ! palatoquadrate arch
property_value: external_definition "Column of catilage, remnant in the adult of the larval palatoquadrate cartilage, that is located lateral or antero-lateral to the auditory capsule.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004753
name: scapulocoracoid
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal element that consists of the scapula and the coracoid[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0005002, Wikipedia:Scapulocoracoid]
comment: AO notes: ZFA defines as precursor to scapula and coracoid. Cartilage in TAO. Editor notes: todo - decide whether to create separate classes for cartilage & ossified. Wikipedia considers this absent in Therians, but if considered as a grouping of scapula and coracoid then it would be present
synonym: "coraco-scapular cartilage" NARROW [ZFA:0001455]
synonym: "scapulo-coracoid cartilage" NARROW [TAO:0001455]
synonym: "scapulocoracoid cartilage" NARROW [TAO:0001455]
synonym: "scapulocoracoideum" EXACT [VSAO:0005002]
xref: AAO:0000781
xref: TAO:0001455
xref: VSAO:0005002
xref: ZFA:0001455
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Fused, ossified portions of the scapula, procoracoid, and coracoid.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Pectoral fin cartilage that consists of a paired cartilaginous plate of the embryonic primary pectoral girdle and from which the scapular and coracaoid bones ossify.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "either a fusion of the scapula and coracoid (the two main bones of the shoulder girdle), or the scapula & coracoid considered as a single structural unit.[Palaeos]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004754
name: foramen ovale of heart
namespace: uberon
def: "" []
synonym: "Bottalo's foramen" EXACT [FMA:86043]
synonym: "falx septi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(heart)]
synonym: "foramen ovale" NARROW [MA:0001873, galen:ForamenOvale]
synonym: "foramen ovale cordis" EXACT [galen:ForamenOvaleCordis]
synonym: "ostium secundum of Born" EXACT [Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(heart)]
xref: EHDAA2:0004142
xref: EMAPA:18244
xref: FMA:86043
xref: MA:0001873
xref: SCTID:362015004
xref: UMLS:C0016521
xref: galen:ForamenOvaleCordis
xref: ncithesaurus:Oval_Foramen
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum
disjoint_from: UBERON:0006678  ! foramen secundum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004755
name: skeletal tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO]" [GO_REF:0000034, PSPUB:0000170, VSAO:0000015]
comment: Four classes of mineralized tissues are found in vertebrates: bone, cartilage, dentine, and enamel. We think of cartilage and bone as skeletal tissues and of enamel and dentine as dental tissues, but enamel and dentine arose evolutionarily together with bone as skeletal tissues in the dermal skeleton (exoskeleton) of early vertebrates. Scales and teeth of sharks are examples of dermal skeletal elements that are still composed of the three ancient components-enamel, dentine, and bone. Cartilage, on the other hand, provided the basis for the second vertebrate skeletal system, the endoskeleton (Smith and Hall, 1990; Hall, 1998a,b). some invertebrate skeletal tissues have surprisingly bone-like features. Examples include chondrocytes interconnected by cell processes in cephalopod cartilages (Cole and Hall, 2004a,b), and the calcium phosphate layer in the shells of brachiopods (Rodland et al., 2003). However, neither bone nor mineralized cartilage have been found in invertebrates. Editors notes: TODO - develops_from
synonym: "mineralized tissue" NARROW []
xref: SCTID:309311006
xref: VSAO:0000015
xref: XAO:0004038
xref: ZFA:0005619
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element
property_value: external_definition "A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004756
name: dermal skeletal element
namespace: uberon
def: "dermis-derived entity that is made of skeletal tissue." []
synonym: "dermal element" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
relationship: has_part UBERON:0004755 ! skeletal tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0004755 ! skeletal tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004757
name: rectal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An evagination of the terminal portion of the intestine of Elasmobranchii. Function formerly thought to be related to digestion or excretion, but now considered to secrete high concentrations of excess sodium chloride. Found also in the coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae[BTO]." [BTO:0001157]
comment: does not include FMA:15724 Rectal gland // epithelial tissue gland - concentrates & secretes excess Na & Cl in sharks. large shark liver produces copious amounts of urea, making the shark hyperosmotic to seawater, & thus a shark acts like a fresh water fish, constantly gaining water. Excess salts are concentrated by the rectal gland and secreted
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: BTO:0001157
xref: SCTID:80455007
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004758  ! salt gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004758
name: salt gland
namespace: uberon
def: "an organ for excreting excess salts. It is found in elasmobranchs, seabirds, and some reptiles. In sharks, salt glands are found in the rectum, but in birds and reptiles, they are found in or on the skull, in the area of the eyes, nostrils or mouth. In crocodiles, the salt is excreted through the tongue. Such glands work by active transport via sodium-potassium pump that moves salt from the blood into the gland, where it can be excreted as a concentrated solution. Salt glands function to keep salt balance, and allow marine vertebrates to drink seawater[WP]." [Wikipedia:Salt_gland]
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: BTO:0001204
xref: GAID:1235
xref: MESH:A13.811
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004759
name: salt gland of cranial region
namespace: uberon
def: "A salt gland located in the cranium or cranial region." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
is_a: UBERON:0004758  ! salt gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004760
name: gland of anal canal
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of an anal canal [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Anal_gland]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "anal gland" RELATED []
synonym: "anal sac" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Anal_gland]
synonym: "gland of anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of anus" RELATED []
synonym: "rectal gland" RELATED []
xref: EMAPA:27221
xref: EMAPA:27233
xref: EMAPA:27543
xref: FMA:15720
xref: FMA:15724
xref: SCTID:245448005
xref: UMLS:C0162322
xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004761
name: cartilaginous neurocranium
namespace: uberon
def: "the primitive cartilagionous skeletal structure of the fetal skull that grows to envelop the rapidly growing embyonic brain. In humans, the chondrocranium begins forming at 28 days from mesenchymal condensations and is fully formed between week 7 and 9 of fetal development. While the majority of the chondrocranium is succeeded by the bony skull in most higher vertebrates, some components do persist into adulthood.[1] In Cartilagious fishes and Agnathans, the chondrocranium persist throughout life.[2] Embryologically, the chondrocranium represent the basal cranial structure, and lay the base for the formation of the endocranium in higher vertebrates[WP]." [Wikipedia:Chondrocranium]
comment: note that in contrast to chondrocranium, this structure is entirely cartiliginous. In Chondricthyes this is the same as the neurocranium. FMA:76621 is an undefined fetal structure, so we assume the correct placement is here. Note that this is distinct from MA:0000317 which is the uberon:neurocranium (the part of the cranium that encloses the brain)
synonym: "cartilaginous chondocranium" EXACT []
synonym: "cartilaginous skull" RELATED []
synonym: "cartiligionous skeletal structure of skull" EXACT []
synonym: "chondocranium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chondrocranium]
synonym: "embryonic chondocranium" RELATED []
synonym: "neurocranium" RELATED SENSU []
xref: AAO:0000094
xref: AAO:0010153
xref: EHDAA:6031
xref: FMA:76621
xref: SCTID:155540009
xref: UMLS:C1516496
xref: XAO:0003059
xref: ncithesaurus:Chondrocranium
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009617 ! head paraxial mesoderm
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004763
name: endochondral bone tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Replacement bone tissue that forms within cartilage[VSAO, modified]." [GO:0001958, VSAO:0000145, Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification]
comment: The text and logical definition of this term was modified from the definition of 'endochondral bone' in ZFA. AO notes: note the distinction between endochondral bone and endochondral bone tissue. Some bones may be a mixture of both tissue types. The MA class most likely refers to a tissue type
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: MA:0002836
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone
disjoint_from: UBERON:0004764  ! intramembranous bone tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004764
name: intramembranous bone tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Bone tissue that forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues[TAO]. Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone in which osteoblasts secrete a collagen-proteoglycan matrix that binds calcium salts and becomes calcified[GO]. Intramembranous ossification is the way flat bones and the shell of a turtle are formed[GO]. Unlike endochondral ossification, cartilage is not present during intramembranous ossification[WP]." [GO:0001957, Wikipedia:Intramembranous_ossification]
comment: note the distinction between intramembranous bone and intramembranous bone tissue. Some bones may be a mixture of both tissue types. The MA class most likely refers to a tissue type (it is under bone tissue and connective tissue; there are no child classes)
xref: MA:0002837
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004765
name: skeletal element
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ consisting of skeletal tissue. Encompasses whole bones, fused bones, cartilaginious elements, teeth, dermal denticles." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: TODO - add more general class for other kinds of mineralized tissue
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: AAO:0011129
xref: TAO:0001890
xref: VSAO:0000128
xref: XAO:0004012
xref: ZFA:0005494
xref: galen:SkeletalStructure
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Organ entity that is typically involved in mechanical support and may have different skeletal tissue compositions at different stages.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Organ entity that may have different tissue compositions at different stages and is typically involved in mechanical support.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004766
name: cranial bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a cranium." [UBERON:automatic]
comment: Note that here cranium = skull - mandible
synonym: "cranium bone" EXACT [UBERON:automatic]
xref: SCTID:181792001
is_a: UBERON:0003457  ! head bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004767
name: vomerine tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "A tooth that is on the vomer." [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/define/Vomerine%20teeth]
xref: AAO:0000635
xref: TAO:0001631
is_a: UBERON:0012070  ! palatal tooth
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002396 ! vomer
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002396 ! vomer
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of vomer (TAO:0000308) CHANGED TO: attaches_to vomer (UBERON:0002396)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Tooth that is attached to the vomer.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004768
name: bone of lower jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "Any bone that is part of the lower jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the dentary/mandible, the articular, the splenial, the suprangular" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor notes: Do not manually classify under here - bones are automatically classified
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "lower jaw bone" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0012360  ! bone of jaw
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004769
name: diaphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between the two epiphyses, excluding the metaphyses[FMA,modified]." [FMA:24013, Wikipedia:Diaphysis]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "body of long bone" EXACT []
synonym: "long bone diaphysis" EXACT []
synonym: "shaft of long bone" EXACT []
xref: FMA:24013
xref: GAID:189
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.169
xref: SCTID:361729006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg/200px-Illu_long_bone.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
property_value: external_definition "Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between the two epiphyses; together with other the subdivisions of long bone, it constitutes the long bone. Examples: diaphysis of humerus, diaphysis of femur[FMA]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The main or mid section (shaft) of a long bone. It is made up of cortical bone and usually contains bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat)[WP][FMA:24013, Wikipedia:Diaphysis]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004770
name: articular system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that consists of all the joints of the body." [VSAO:0000181]
synonym: "joint system" EXACT [FMA:23878]
synonym: "set of all joints" RELATED []
synonym: "set of all joints of body" EXACT [FMA:23878]
synonym: "set of joints of body" RELATED [FMA:23878]
xref: FMA:23878
xref: MA:0003007
xref: SCTID:361827000
xref: VSAO:0000181
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004771
name: posterior nasal aperture
namespace: uberon
def: "Opening/conduit between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx[AAO] The choanae are separated by the vomer[WP]." [AAO:0000093, Wikipedia:Posterior_nasal_apertures]
comment: Fish don't have choanae, instead they have two pairs of external nostrils[WP] In addition to tetrapods, the lungfish has internal nostrils too. TODO: check part_of vs adjacent_to nasal cavity. In tetrapods the exhalant nostril (choana) empties into the buccal cavity.
synonym: "choana" BROAD [Wikipedia:Choane, XAO:0000277]
synonym: "choanae" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000545]
synonym: "internal naris" BROAD [MA:0001323]
synonym: "nasopharyngeal naris" RELATED []
synonym: "posterior naris" RELATED [VHOG:0000545]
xref: AAO:0000093
xref: EHDAA2:0000242
xref: EHDAA:7842
xref: FMA:53143
xref: MA:0001323
xref: SCTID:244507001
xref: VHOG:0000545
xref: XAO:0000277
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Gray855.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gray855.png/200px-Gray855.png
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
is_a: UBERON:0010425  ! internal naris
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000003  ! naris
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity
property_value: external_definition "One of the paired openings from the nasal cavities into the pharynx. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-6, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The choana, a unique 'internal nostril' opening from the nasal sac into the roof of the mouth, is a key part of the tetrapod (land vertebrate) respiratory system. It was the first component of the tetrapod body plan to evolve, well before the origin of limbs, and is therefore crucial to our understanding of the beginning of the fish-tetrapod transition. (...) Here we present new material of Kenichthys, a 395-million-year-old fossil fish from China, that provides direct evidence for the origin of the choana and establishes its homology: it is indeed a displaced posterior external nostril that, during a brief transitional stage illustrated by Kenichthys, separated the maxilla from the premaxilla.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004772
name: eyelid tarsus
namespace: uberon
def: "The tarsi (tarsal plates) are two comparatively thick, elongated plates of dense connective tissue, about 2.5 cm. in length; one is found in each eyelid, and contributes to its form and support. They directly abut the lid margins." [Wikipedia:Tarsus_(eyelids)]
comment: Taxon notes: In most taxa (birds, mammals, lizards), the tarsal plate is described as a dense, fibrous connective tissue, possibly including cartilage, present within one or both of the upper and lower eyelids (Gau- thier et al., 1988; Rieppel, 2000). In humans, the tarsal plate of the upper eyelid is composed of collagens types I, III, and V, as well as glycosaminogly- cans (chondroitin sulphate 4 and 6), aggrecan, and cartilage oligomeric matrix proteins but lacks collagen type II as well as chondrocytes (Milz et al., 2005). Thus, for humans, the upper tarsal plate represents neither a truly fibrous nor a truly cartilagi- nous element but instead one that is composed of a unique transitional tissue (Milz et al., 2005). In many birds, lizards, and Sphenodon (the tuatara), the upper eyelid has lim- ited mobility and a putative tarsal plate is instead found within the lower eyelid (Underwood, 1970; Gau- thier et al., 1988). [PMID:16496288]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "eyelid tarsi" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "tarsal plate" EXACT [FMA:59086]
synonym: "tarsal plate of eyelid" EXACT [FMA:59086]
synonym: "tarsi" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "tarsus palpebralis" EXACT [PMID:16496288]
xref: FMA:59086
xref: MA:0000270
xref: SCTID:362529005
xref: UMLS:C0459586
xref: ncithesaurus:Tarsal_Plate
is_a: UBERON:0000094  ! membrane organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003581 ! eyelid connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004773
name: superior eyelid tarsus
namespace: uberon
def: "An eyelid tarsus that is part of a upper eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "superior tarsal plate" EXACT [FMA:59087]
synonym: "superior tarsus" EXACT [FMA:59087]
synonym: "superior tarsus of eyelid" EXACT []
synonym: "tarsal plate of upper eyelid" EXACT [FMA:59087]
synonym: "tarsus of upper eyelid" EXACT []
synonym: "tarsus superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59087, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:59087
xref: MA:0001260
xref: SCTID:368773004
is_a: UBERON:0004772  ! eyelid tarsus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0004772  ! eyelid tarsus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004774
name: inferior eyelid tarsus
namespace: uberon
def: "An eyelid tarsus that is part of a lower eyelid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior tarsal plate" EXACT [FMA:59088]
synonym: "inferior tarsus" EXACT [FMA:59088]
synonym: "inferior tarsus of eyelid" EXACT []
synonym: "tarsal plate of lower eyelid" EXACT [FMA:59088]
synonym: "tarsus inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59088, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tarsus of lower eyelid" EXACT []
xref: FMA:59088
xref: MA:0001257
xref: SCTID:368774005
is_a: UBERON:0004772  ! eyelid tarsus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0004772  ! eyelid tarsus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004775
name: outer renal medulla vasa recta
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasa recta that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney outer medulla vasa recta" EXACT [MP:0011330]
synonym: "kidney outer renal medulla vasa recta" EXACT [MP:0011330]
synonym: "outer medulla of kidney vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outer zone of medulla of kidney vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outer zone of renal medulla vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vasa recta of outer medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vasa recta of outer renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vasa recta of outer zone of medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vasa recta of outer zone of renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002597
is_a: UBERON:0003517  ! kidney blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004726  ! vasa recta
is_a: UBERON:0013126  ! vein of abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0004726  ! vasa recta
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004777
name: respiratory system submucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001822
is_a: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004778
name: larynx submucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a larynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002728
xref: SCTID:361941005
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004777  ! respiratory system submucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004779
name: respiratory system lamina propria
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001821
is_a: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004780
name: gastrointestinal system lamina propria
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a gastrointestinal system." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001899
xref: UMLS:C1708197
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_Tract_Lamina_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004786 ! gastrointestinal system mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004781
name: gall bladder lamina propria
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary lamina propria" RELATED [MA:0001633]
synonym: "gall bladder lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001633
xref: UMLS:C1708175
xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder_Lamina_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005033 ! mucosa of gallbladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004782
name: gastrointestinal system serosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive system serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive system serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastrointestinal system serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001522
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004783
name: gall bladder serosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary serosa" RELATED [MA:0001634]
synonym: "gall bladder serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous coat of gallbladder" EXACT [FMA:14659]
synonym: "serous membrane of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serous membrane of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica serosa (vesica biliaris)" EXACT [FMA:14659]
synonym: "tunica serosa vesicae biliaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14659, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:14659
xref: MA:0001634
xref: SCTID:362197006
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004784
name: heart ventricle wall
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a cardiac ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anatomical wall of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac ventricle anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac ventricle wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "heart ventricle anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower chamber of heart wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle of heart anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricle of heart wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ventricular wall" EXACT [FMA:13884]
synonym: "wall of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "wall of ventricle" RELATED [MA:0002791]
synonym: "wall of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13884
xref: MA:0002791
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004785
name: respiratory system mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - split respiratory tract mucosa from respiratory system mucosa
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0000973]
synonym: "respiratory system mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000973
xref: EMAPA:18334
xref: GAID:304
xref: MA:0001827
xref: MESH:A04.760
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004786
name: gastrointestinal system mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a gastrointestinal system." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: The gut mucosa of amphioxus has insulin-secreting cells. PMID:16417468
synonym: "digestive tract mucosa" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "gut mucosa" EXACT [BTO:0000546]
synonym: "gut mucuous membrane" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "mucosa of gut" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: BTO:0000546
xref: MA:0001521
xref: SCTID:410433007
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006909 ! lumen of gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004787
name: urethra urothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An urothelium that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethra Uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uroepithelium of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urothelium of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001687
xref: UMLS:C1710585
xref: ncithesaurus:Urethra_Transitional_Cell_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000365  ! urothelium
is_a: UBERON:0002325  ! epithelium of urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0000365  ! urothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004788
name: kidney pelvis urothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An urothelium that is part of a renal pelvis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney pelvis Uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney pelvis transitional epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter Uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter urothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis Uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis transitional epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis urothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "transitional epithelium of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "transitional epithelium of renal pelvis" EXACT [FMA:263264]
synonym: "uroepithelium of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uroepithelium of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uroepithelium of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urothelium of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urothelium of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urothelium of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:263264
xref: MA:0002632
xref: UMLS:C1709899
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Pelvis_Urothelium
is_a: UBERON:0001254  ! urothelium of ureter
is_a: UBERON:0004819  ! kidney epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000365  ! urothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004789
name: larynx mucous gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucous gland that is part of a larynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous gland of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001767
is_a: UBERON:0000414  ! mucous gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001824 ! mucosa of larynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000414  ! mucous gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004790
name: skin mucous gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucous gland that is part of a skin of body." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes; See comments for 'skin mucus'
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "mucous gland of entire skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous gland of skin of body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin mucus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of body mucous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000148
is_a: UBERON:0000414  ! mucous gland
is_a: UBERON:0002419  ! skin gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
intersection_of: UBERON:0000414  ! mucous gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004791
name: thymus trabecula
namespace: uberon
def: "A trabecula that is part of a thymus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymic trabecula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymus gland trabecula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabecula of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002674
xref: UMLS:C1515431
xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Trabecula
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004792
name: secretion of endocrine pancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "A secretion that is part of a endocrine pancreas [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocrine pancreas secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pancreatic endocrine secretion" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Endocrine_Secretion]
synonym: "pars endocrina pancreatis secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secretion of pars endocrina pancreatis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002517
xref: UMLS:C1518866
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Endocrine_Secretion
is_a: UBERON:0004795  ! pancreas secretion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000016 ! endocrine pancreas
intersection_of: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000016 ! endocrine pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004793
name: secretion of exocrine pancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "A secretion that is part of a exocrine pancreas [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "exocrine pancreas secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pancreatic exocrine secretion" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Exocrine_Secretion]
synonym: "pars exocrina pancreatis secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secretion of pars exocrina pancreatis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002518
xref: UMLS:C1518867
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Exocrine_Secretion
is_a: UBERON:0004795  ! pancreas secretion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas
intersection_of: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004794
name: esophagus secretion
namespace: uberon
def: "A secretion that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophageal secretion" EXACT [FMA:79662]
synonym: "gullet secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secretion of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secretion of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secretion of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:79662
xref: MA:0002514
xref: UMLS:C0227179
xref: ncithesaurus:Esophagus_Secretion
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004795
name: pancreas secretion
namespace: uberon
def: "A secretion that is part of a pancreas [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pancreatic secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secretion of pancreas" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002516
xref: UMLS:C0030296
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Secretion
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas
intersection_of: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004797
name: blood vessel layer
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ component layer that is part of a blood vessel." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002854
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004798
name: respiratory system basal lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "A basal lamina that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius basal lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001816
is_a: UBERON:0000482  ! basal lamina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000482  ! basal lamina
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004799
name: trachea basal lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "A basal lamina that is part of a respiratory airway [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of respiratory airway" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001855
xref: UMLS:C1710454
xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Basal_Lamina
is_a: UBERON:0004798  ! respiratory system basal lamina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway
intersection_of: UBERON:0000482  ! basal lamina
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004800
name: bronchus basal lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "A basal lamina that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi basal lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchi basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk basal lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial trunk basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001833
xref: UMLS:C1707050
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Basal_Lamina
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004799  ! trachea basal lamina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000482  ! basal lamina
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004802
name: respiratory tract epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "airway epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000419]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000419]
synonym: "respiratory tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000419
xref: MA:0001480
xref: SCTID:321764001
xref: VHOG:0000981
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000072 ! segment of respiratory tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004803
name: penis epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a penis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "penis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004039
xref: MA:0001742
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004805
name: seminal vesicle epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a seminal vesicle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal vesicle epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:29771
xref: MA:0001745
xref: UMLS:C1710049
xref: ncithesaurus:Seminal_Vesicle_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004910  ! epithelium of male gonad
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004806
name: vas deferens epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a vas deferens [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deferent duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deferent duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus deferens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus deferens epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sperm duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sperm duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferen epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferen epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:29274
xref: FMA:225317
xref: MA:0001749
xref: UMLS:C1710617
xref: ncithesaurus:Vas_Deferens_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004807
name: respiratory system epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001823
xref: VHOG:0000981
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004808
name: gastrointestinal system epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive system epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive system epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastrointestinal system epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001520
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004809
name: salivary gland epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a salivary gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of salivary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of salivary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "salivary gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004421
xref: EMAPA:17753
xref: EMAPA:17756
xref: MA:0001587
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 ! embryonic skin basal layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004810
name: nephron tubule epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a nephron tubule [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of nephron tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of renal tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of tubulus renalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of nephron tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of renal tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of tubulus renalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney tubule epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001681]
synonym: "nephron tubule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nephron tubule epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal tubule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tubulus renalis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tubulus renalis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001681
xref: UMLS:C1709902
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Tubule_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004812
name: male prepuce epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a prepuce of penis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: NCITA term may be sex-neutral
synonym: "epithelial tissue of foreskin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of penile prepuce" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of prepuce" BROAD [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of prepuce of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of foreskin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of penile prepuce" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of prepuce" BROAD [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of prepuce of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foreskin epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foreskin epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "penile prepuce epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "penile prepuce epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "prepuce epithelial tissue" BROAD [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "prepuce epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001753]
synonym: "prepuce of penis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "prepuce of penis epithelium" BROAD [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:30638
xref: EMAPA:30655
xref: MA:0001753
xref: UMLS:C1709639
xref: ncithesaurus:Prepuce_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004803  ! penis epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004813
name: seminiferous tubule epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The epithelium lining the seminiferous tubules composed of primary male germ cells (spermatogonia) and supporting sertoli cells. As spermatogenesis proceeds, the developing germ cells migrate toward the lumen. The adluminal compartment, the inner two thirds of the tubules, contains spermatocytes and the more advanced germ cells[GAID]." [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(male)]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule of testis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of seminiferous tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of seminiferous tubule of testis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "germinal epithelium (male)" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(male)]
synonym: "male germinal epithelium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(male)]
synonym: "seminiferous epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0001811]
synonym: "seminiferous tubule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "testis germinal epithelium" EXACT [VHOG:0000631]
synonym: "wall of seminiferous tubule" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(male)]
xref: BTO:0001811
xref: EHDAA:8148
xref: FMA:19885
xref: GAID:401
xref: MA:0001748
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.849.700.700
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002009
xref: UMLS:C0036629
xref: VHOG:0000631
xref: ncithesaurus:Seminiferous_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
is_a: UBERON:0004910  ! epithelium of male gonad
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001343 ! seminiferous tubule of testis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001343 ! seminiferous tubule of testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004814
name: upper respiratory tract epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a upper respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of upper respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of upper respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper respiratory tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001912
is_a: UBERON:0004802  ! respiratory tract epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004815
name: lower respiratory tract epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower respiratory tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001481
is_a: UBERON:0004802  ! respiratory tract epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004816
name: larynx epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a larynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngeal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "larynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004065
xref: MA:0001765
xref: UMLS:C0751258
xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004814  ! upper respiratory tract epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004817
name: lacrimal gland epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lacrimal gland [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of lacrimal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of lacrimal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001297
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004818
name: terminal bronchus epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a terminal bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of terminal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of terminal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001851
is_a: UBERON:0002031  ! epithelium of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002041 ! terminal bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002041 ! terminal bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004819
name: kidney epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000059
xref: MA:0002846
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004820
name: bile duct epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium of the gallbladder and the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts." [BTO:0001513]
comment: todo - check if BTO terms need merged
synonym: "bile duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0001513]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of biliary duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of biliary duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000417
xref: BTO:0001513
xref: MA:0001629
xref: UMLS:C1711208
xref: ncithesaurus:Bile_Duct_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004822
name: extrahepatic bile duct epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a extrahepatic bile duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of extrahepatic bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of extrahepatic bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "extrahepatic bile duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002661
xref: UMLS:C1711347
xref: ncithesaurus:Extrahepatic_Bile_Duct_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004820  ! bile duct epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004823
name: intrahepatic bile duct epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a intrahepatic bile duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelial tissue of intrahepatic bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of intrahepatic bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intrahepatic bile duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002662
xref: UMLS:C1708552
xref: ncithesaurus:Intrahepatic_Bile_Duct_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004820  ! bile duct epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003704 ! intrahepatic bile duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003704 ! intrahepatic bile duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004825
name: dental lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "a band of epithelial tissue seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. The dental lamina is first evidence of tooth development and begins at the sixth week in utero or three weeks after the rupture of the buccopharyngeal membrane. It is formed when cells of the oral ectoderm proliferate faster than cells of other areas. Best described as an in-growth of oral ectoderm, the dental lamina is frequently distinguished from the vestibular lamina, which develops concurrently. This dividing tissue is surrounded by and, some would argue, stimulated by ectomysenchymal growth. When it is present, the dental lamina connects the developing tooth bud to the epithelium of the oral cavity. Eventually, the dental lamina disintegrates into small clusters of epithelium and is resorbed. In situations when the clusters are not resorbed, (this remanent of the dental lamina is sometimes known as the glands of Serres) eruption cysts are formed over the developing tooth and delay its eruption into the oral cavity. This invagination of ectodermal tissues is the progenitor to the later ameloblasts and enamel while the ectomysenchyme is responsible for the odontogenic papilla and later odontoblasts." [Wikipedia:Dental_lamina]
comment: Homology notes: In the epidermis of embryonic birds, there remains a transient thickening that is comparable to the early formation of the dental lamina in the mouse[PMID:10954731]. AO notes: check MA placement, this structure is the developing structure
synonym: "embryonic dental lamina" EXACT []
synonym: "lamina dentalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dental_lamina]
xref: EMAPA:18292
xref: EMAPA:18295
xref: EMAPA:18298
xref: EMAPA:18301
xref: MA:0001597
xref: SCTID:362862007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Dentallamina11-17-05.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000957  ! lamina
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004827
name: thyroid gland medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "A medulla that is part of a thyroid [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla of thyroid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla of thyroid follicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla of thyroid gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "medulla of thyroid gland follicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thyroid follicle medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thyroid gland follicle medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thyroid medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000132
is_a: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004829
name: urethra skeletal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethra skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethral skeletal muscle" RELATED [MA:0001690]
xref: MA:0001690
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003829 ! urethra muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004830
name: respiratory system skeletal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001829
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004831
name: esophagus skeletal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "esophagus skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gullet skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oesophagus skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001572
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003832 ! esophagus muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004832
name: anal region skeletal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of an anal region [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal part of perineum skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal part of perineum skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal region skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal triangle skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal triangle skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001530
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004833
name: lip skeletal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a lip [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lip skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle of lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001578
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003899  ! skeletal muscle of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004834
name: hepatic duct smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a hepatic duct." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001640
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004835
name: epididymis smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a epididymis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epididymis involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epididymis non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epididymis smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epididymus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epididymus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epididymus smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epididymus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of epididymis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "involuntary muscle of epididymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of epididymis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-striated muscle of epididymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of epididymis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle of epididymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of epididymis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of epididymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001736
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004848
name: respiratory system arterial endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium of artery that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius arterial endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius artery endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of artery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arterial endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arterial endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "artery endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "artery endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of artery of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of artery of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system artery endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of artery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001801
is_a: UBERON:0001917  ! endothelium of artery
is_a: UBERON:0004702  ! respiratory system blood vessel endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003469 ! respiratory system artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003643 ! respiratory system arterial blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001917  ! endothelium of artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004849
name: respiratory system venous endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium of vein that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius vein endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "apparatus respiratorius venous endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of vein of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of vein of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system vein endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vein endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "venous endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "venous endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001811
is_a: UBERON:0001919  ! endothelium of vein
is_a: UBERON:0004702  ! respiratory system blood vessel endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003476 ! respiratory system venous blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001919  ! endothelium of vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004850
name: lymph node endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a lymph node [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of lymph node" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000741
is_a: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004851
name: aorta endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of an aorta [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult aorta endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endothelium of trunk of systemic arterial tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of aortic tree endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trunk of systemic arterial tree endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000394
xref: EFO:0002597
xref: MA:0000701
xref: UMLS:C1706824
xref: ncithesaurus:Aorta_Endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0001917  ! endothelium of artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004852
name: cardiovascular system endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of the cardiovascular system." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: consider merging with 'endothelium'
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: BTO:0001853
xref: GAID:519
xref: MA:0000717
xref: MESH:A07.231.330
xref: TAO:0002171
xref: VHOG:0001217
xref: XAO:0000356
xref: ZFA:0001639
is_a: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system
property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrates and a very few invertebrates such as squids have evolved a secondary epithelium, the endothelium, that lines their blood vessels.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004854
name: gastrointestinal system mesentery
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive system mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesentery of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesentery of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001900
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0004782  ! gastrointestinal system serosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004857
name: skeletal muscle connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A connective tissue that surrounds a skeletal muscle tissue." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "connective tissue of skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "portion of connective tissue of skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle interstitial tissue" RELATED [MA:0002868]
synonym: "skeletal muscle interstitum" RELATED [MA:0002868]
synonym: "skeletal muscle portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "textus connectivus of skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002868
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004858
name: cellular cartilage
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0000105
xref: SCTID:81997001
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004859
name: eye gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a eye [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Example: harderian gland
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "gland of eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000267
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004860
name: obsolete brain ventricular zone
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0003053  ! ventricular zone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004863
name: thoracic sympathetic nerve trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "A sympathetic nerve trunk that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sympathetic nerve trunk of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thoracic part of sympathetic trunk" EXACT [FMA:6262]
synonym: "thoracic sympathetic chain" EXACT [FMA:6262]
synonym: "thoracic sympathetic trunk" RELATED [FMA:6262]
synonym: "thorax nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax sympathetic nerve trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thorax sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:6262
xref: MA:0001165
xref: UMLS:C1710393
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Sympathetic_Nerve_Trunk
is_a: UBERON:0004295  ! sympathetic nerve trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0004295  ! sympathetic nerve trunk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004864
name: vasculature of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a retina [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "retina vasculature" EXACT [GO:0061298]
synonym: "retina vasculature of camera-type eye" EXACT [GO:0061298]
synonym: "retinal blood vessels" EXACT [FMA:76552]
synonym: "retinal blood vessels set" EXACT [FMA:76552]
synonym: "retinal vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "set of blood vessels of retina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "set of retinal blood vessels" EXACT [FMA:76552]
synonym: "vasa sanguinea retinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76552, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:76552
xref: MESH:A07.231.611
xref: XAO:0004153
is_a: UBERON:0002203  ! vasculature of eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004865
name: actinopterygian parietal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Dermal bone that covers the otic region and may articulate with its antimere medially, with the frontal bone anteriorly, the pterotic laterally, the supraoccipital medio-posteriorly, and the epiotic and extrascapula latero-posteriorly. The parietal is a paired bone.[TAO]" [TAO:0000486, TAO:GA_TG]
synonym: "actinopterygian parietal" EXACT []
synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW [FMA:52734]
synonym: "parietal bone" NARROW SENSU [TAO:0000486]
synonym: "parietals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000486]
synonym: "post parietal" RELATED [ZFA:0000486]
xref: TAO:0000486
xref: VHOG:0001327
xref: ZFA:0000486
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 ! otic region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 ! vault of skull
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps frontal-parietal joint (TAO:0005255)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps inter-parietal joint (TAO:0005245)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps posttemporal-parietal joint (TAO:0002059)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps supraoccipital-parietal joint (TAO:0005264)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "The parietal is a flat, commonly squarish or rectangular bone.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that covers the otic region and may articulate with its antimere medially, with the frontal bone anteriorly, the pterotic laterally, the supraoccipital medio-posteriorly, and the epiotic and extrascapula latero-posteriorly. The parietal is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The homologization of cranial bones of actinopterygians with those of sarcopterygians based on the bone names established in human anatomy is favored in order to permit the building of phylogenetic relationship schemes beyond the taxonomic boundaries of osteichthyans (including tetrapods). (...) In actinopterygians, the terms parietal and postparietal bones have to replace the commonly used terms 'frontal' and 'parietal' bones for the two paired bones on the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004866
name: actinopterygian frontal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Dermal bone that bears part of the supraorbital canal and usually covers a large area of the neurocranium occupying part of the ethmoidal, orbitosphenoid, and otic regions. Commonly, the frontal bone articulates with its antimere medially, with lateral ethmoid, orbitosphenoid and pterosphenoid ventrolaterally, with supraorbital bone(s), autosphenotic and pterotic laterally, and with parietal posteriorly.[TAO]." [TAO:0000514]
comment: The frontal bone in teleost fish is the homolog of the parietal bone in tetrapods
synonym: "actinopterygian frontal" EXACT [TAO:0000514]
synonym: "actinopterygian frontal bone" EXACT [TAO:0000514]
synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW [TAO:0000514]
synonym: "frontals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000514]
xref: TAO:0000514
xref: VHOG:0001324
xref: ZFA:0000514
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 ! vault of skull
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps frontal-parietal joint (TAO:0005255)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps frontal-pterotic joint (TAO:0001711)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps inter-frontal joint (TAO:0001922)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps lateral ethmoid-frontal joint (TAO:0002032)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps mesethmoid-frontal joint (TAO:0001678)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "The frontal bone may be paired or unpaired. The frontal bone of actinopterygians is homologous to the parietal of tetrapods. Actinopterygians do not have a frontal bone. For details, see Schultze (2008) and Wiley (2008).[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that bears part of the supraorbital canal and usually covers a large area of the neurocranium occupying part of the ethmoidal, orbitosphenoid, and otic regions. Commonly, the frontal bone articulates with its antimere medially, with lateral ethmoid, orbitosphenoid and pterosphenoid ventrolaterally, with supraorbital bone(s), autosphenotic and pterotic laterally, and with parietal posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004867
name: orbital cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a orbital region." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: note that the AAO class is a cavity
synonym: "orbit" RELATED [AAO:0000343]
xref: AAO:0000343
xref: FMA:84961
xref: SCTID:280541000
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004868
name: tapetum lucidum
namespace: uberon
def: "a layer of tissue in the eye of many vertebrate animals, that lies immediately behind or sometimes within the retina. It reflects visible light back through the retina, increasing the light available to the photoreceptors" [PMID:14738502, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum]
comment: Function notes: It normally functions at low light levels to provide the light-sensitive retinal cells with a second opportunity for photon-photoreceptor stimulation, thereby enhancing visual sensitivity
synonym: "tapeta lucida" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "tapis luisant@fr" EXACT []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/TapetumLucidum.JPG
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010230 ! eyeball of camera-type eye
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9321
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9443
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9822
property_value: external_definition "The tapetum lucidum is a biologic reflector system that is a common feature in the eyes of vertebrates. Typically absent in diurnal animals. In vertebrates, the tapetum lucidum exhibits diverse structure, organization and composition. The tapetum lucidum represents a remarkable example of neural cell and tissue specialization as an adaptation to a dim light environment and, despite these differences, all tapetal variants act to increase retinal sensitivity by reflecting light back through the photoreceptor layer. These variations regarding both its location and structure, as well as the choice of reflective material, may represent selective visual adaptations associated with their feeding behavior, in response to the use of specific wavelengths and amount of reflectance required.[PMID:14738502]." xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "tapetal" xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "Two morphologic types of tapetum lucidum can be observed in the eyes of fish: one in the choroid that occurs in elasmobranchs, and the other which occurs in teleosts and lies in the pigment epithelium of the retina" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004869
name: parietal organ
namespace: uberon
def: "A part of the epithalamus present in some animal species. The eye may be photoreceptive and is usually associated with the pineal gland, regulating circadian rhythmicity and hormone production for thermoregulation. The parietal eye is a part of the epithalamus, which can be divided into two major parts; the epiphysis (the pineal organ, or pineal gland if mostly endocrine) and the parietal organ (often called the parietal eye, or third eye if it is photoreceptive). It arises as an anterior evagination of the pineal organ or as a separate outgrowth of the roof of the diencephalon. In some species, it protrudes through the skull.[4] The parietal eye uses a different biochemical method of detecting light than rod cells or cone cells in a normal vertebrate eye[WP]." [Wikipedia:Parietal_eye]
synonym: "parietal eye" EXACT [Wikipedia:Parietal_eye]
synonym: "third eye" RELATED [Wikipedia:Parietal_eye]
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004870
name: superficial cervical lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "A group of nodes lying along the external jugular vein; they drain the skin and superficial structures over the region of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and anterior cervical regions. Efferent vessels drain to the deep cervical lymph nodes. Lymph nodes can be further subdivided into anterior and lateral groupings." [CL:tm, Wikipedia:Superficial_cervical_lymph_nodes, ref:Stedmans]
synonym: "nodi lymphoidei cervicales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superficial_cervical_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "prescapular lymph node" RELATED [CL:tm]
xref: MA:0002886
xref: SCTID:279144003
xref: UMLS:C0458297
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Illu_quiz_hn_03.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Cervical_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0002429  ! cervical lymph node
is_a: UBERON:0003968  ! peripheral lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004871
name: somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the future body wall - underlies the ectoderm[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_plate_mesoderm#Division_into_layers]
comment: check BILA
synonym: "outer layer of lateral plate mesoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "parietal mesoderm" RELATED [ISBN:9780878932504]
synonym: "somatic mesoderm" RELATED [BILA:0000047]
xref: AAO:0011100
xref: BILA:0000047
xref: XAO:0000271
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004872
name: splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the circulatory system and future gut wall - overlies endoderm[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_plate_mesoderm#Division_into_layers]
comment: AO notes: We group the BILA class here. Considering adding more general class for metazoa grouping cardiogenic successors
synonym: "inner layer of lateral plate mesoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "splanchnic mesoderm" RELATED [ISBN:9780878932504]
synonym: "visceral mesoderm" BROAD [BILA:0000044, http://www.drugs.com/dict/visceral-mesoderm.html, http://www.stedmans.com/]
xref: AAO:0011102
xref: BILA:0000044
xref: XAO:0000276
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004873
name: splanchnopleure
namespace: uberon
def: "a structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the inner (or splanchnic) layer adheres to the endoderm, and with it forms the splanchnopleure[WP]." [Wikipedia:Splanchnopleure]
comment: todo - check relationship to LPM
synonym: "ventral splanchnic mesoderm" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intraembryonic_coelom]
xref: EHDAA2:0001903
xref: EHDAA:383
xref: EMAPA:16181
xref: UMLS:C1519472
xref: VHOG:0000558
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray16.png/200px-Gray16.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Splanchnopleure
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004874
name: somatopleure
namespace: uberon
def: "a structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the outer (or somatic) layer becomes applied to the inner surface of the ectoderm, and with it forms the somatopleure.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Somatopleure]
comment: todo - check relationship to LPM
xref: EHDAA2:0001847
xref: EHDAA:381
xref: EMAPA:16180
xref: UMLS:C1519423
xref: VHOG:0000557
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray16.png/200px-Gray16.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Somatopleure
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004875
name: nephrogenic cord
namespace: uberon
def: "a portion of the urogenital ridge which is the source of much of the urinary system[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nephrogenic_cord]
comment: part_of or develops_from urogenital ridge?
synonym: "chorda nephrogenica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nephrogenic_cord]
xref: FMA:72168
xref: SCTID:361405003
xref: UMLS:C1283944
xref: ncithesaurus:Nephrogenic_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 ! urogenital ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004876
name: urogenital ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "One of  of the pair of folds derived from the cloacal folds which give rise to a portion of the external genitalia; in male embryos they close over the urethral plate and fuse to form the spongy (penile) urethra and ventral aspect of the penis, not including the glans; failure of fusion of the urethral folds leads to hypospadias; in female embryos they fuse only anterior to the anus and form the labia minora[MP]." [MP:0011835, MP:anna, Wikipedia:Urogenital_folds]
comment: Less commonly, urogenital fold refers to the fold in the mesonephros which is the precursor of e.g. the suspensory ligament of the ovary. This is the case in older versions of Gray's anatomy[WP]
synonym: "urethral fold" EXACT []
synonym: "urogenital fold" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004022]
xref: BTO:0001402
xref: EHDAA2:0004022
xref: EMAPA:30888
xref: EMAPA:30899
xref: SCTID:308801004
xref: UMLS:C0231047
xref: ncithesaurus:Urogenital_Ridge
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012292 ! embryonic cloacal fold
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004176 ! external genitalia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009196 ! indifferent external genitalia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004877
name: visceral endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Visceral endoderm, a population of extraembyonic endoderm, is an extraembryonic tissue that functions in a regulatory capacity but does not contribute directly to the formation of any adult organs[PMID:15905405]. primitive endoderm-derived tissue which remains in contact with and surrounds the extra-embryonic ectoderm and the epiblast and provides signals for the differentiation and patterning of the epiblast; a small number of visceral endoderm cells also contribute to the endoderm of the embryonic gut[MP]." [MP:0011186, PMID:15905405]
comment: Note: Gilbert uses visceral endoderm as a synonym for primitive endoderm/hypoblast
xref: BTO:0003487
xref: EMAPA:16058
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005292  ! extraembryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004878
name: distal visceral endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "precursors of the anterior visceral endoderm that arises at the distal tip of the embryo[MP]" [MP:0010126]
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004879
name: marginal zone of embryo
namespace: uberon
def: "Belt-like region of presumptive mesoderm at the equator of the late blastula." [XAO:0000068, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/153]
comment: See tracker item for discussion
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
synonym: "margin" BROAD [ZFA:0000038]
synonym: "marginal zone" BROAD [XAO:0000068]
synonym: "margins" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000038]
xref: AAO:0010448
xref: TAO:0000038
xref: XAO:0000068
xref: ZFA:0000038
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004880
name: chordamesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "The central region of trunk mesoderm. This tissue forms the notochord" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: note that WP treats this as synonym of axial mesoderm. Induces neural tube. Gilbert: contains an anterior head process and the notochord.
synonym: "axial chorda mesoderm" EXACT [ZFA:0000091]
synonym: "chorda mesoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal mesoderm" EXACT [UBERONREF:0000002]
synonym: "presumptive notochord" EXACT [ZFA:0000091]
xref: AAO:0000478
xref: EFO:0003426
xref: TAO:0000091
xref: ZFA:0000091
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003068 ! axial mesoderm
property_value: external_definition "Notochord rudiment[ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004882
name: eponychium
namespace: uberon
def: "Thickened layer of skin surrounding fingernails and toenails. Beneath the cuticle is a thin layer of a membrane known as the pterygium. The function is to protect the area between the nail and epidermis from exposure to harmful bacteria. The vascularization pattern is similar to that of perionychium. The eponychium is the end of the proximal fold that folds back upon itself to shed an epidermal layer of skin onto the newly formed nail plate. This layer of non-living, almost invisible skin is the cuticle that 'rides out' on the surface of the nail plate. Together, the eponychium and the cuticle form a protective seal. The cuticle on the nail plate is dead cells and is often removed during manicure, but the eponychium is living cells and should not be touched.[6] The perionyx is the projecting edge of the eponychium covering the proximal strip of the lunula[WP]." [Wikipedia:Eponychium]
synonym: "cuticle" RELATED [MA:0002704]
xref: FMA:77859
xref: MA:0002704
xref: SCTID:24631007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Fingernail_label.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Fingernail_label.jpg/200px-Fingernail_label.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001705 ! nail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004883
name: lung mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "the mass of tissue made up of mesenchymal cells in the lung." [GO:0060484]
synonym: "lung-associated mesenchyme" EXACT [GO:0060484]
synonym: "mesenchyme of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pulmonary mesenchyme" EXACT [GO:0060484]
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004884
name: lobar bronchus mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "the mass of tissue composed of mesenchymal cells in the lobar bronchus.." [GO:0060483]
synonym: "mesenchyme of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0004883  ! lung mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004885
name: hilum
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004460
def: "An anatomical cavity, depression or pit where structures are attached." [Wikipedia:Hilum_of_kidney_of_lung_of_lymph_node]
comment: AO notes: Galen and NCITA refer to the generic structure
synonym: "hilus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hilum]
xref: FMA:57836
xref: UMLS:C0929176
xref: galen:Hilum
xref: ncithesaurus:Hilum
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004886
name: lung hilus
namespace: uberon
def: "A depression on the surface of the lung where the bronchus, blood vessels and nerves enter." [GOC:lung_mtg, ISBN:0721662544]
synonym: "hilum of lung" EXACT []
synonym: "hilum pulmonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7330, FMA:TA]
synonym: "hilus of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lung hilum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pulmonary hilum" EXACT [FMA:7330]
synonym: "pulmonary hilus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:7330
xref: SCTID:264017007
xref: UMLS:C0225701
xref: ncithesaurus:Hilar_Area_of_the_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004885  ! hilum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0004885  ! hilum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004887
name: left lung hilus
namespace: uberon
def: "A lung hilus that is part of the left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hilum of left lung" EXACT []
synonym: "hilus of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lung hilum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left pulmonary hilum" EXACT [FMA:9751]
synonym: "left pulmonary hilus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000962
xref: EHDAA:4965
xref: EMAPA:17980
xref: FMA:9751
xref: MA:0001781
xref: SCTID:361983000
xref: VHOG:0000483
is_a: UBERON:0004886  ! lung hilus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0004886  ! lung hilus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
property_value: external_definition "The part of the left lung that is not covered by pleura and through which blood vessels, bronchi, nerves and lymphatics enter and leave the lung. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004888
name: right lung hilus
namespace: uberon
def: "A lung hilus that is part of the right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hilum of right lung" EXACT []
synonym: "hilus of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lung hilum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right pulmonary hilum" EXACT [FMA:7330]
synonym: "right pulmonary hilus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001756
xref: EHDAA:4995
xref: EMAPA:17996
xref: FMA:7456
xref: MA:0001790
xref: SCTID:361968005
xref: VHOG:0000482
is_a: UBERON:0004886  ! lung hilus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0004886  ! lung hilus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
property_value: external_definition "The part of the right lung that is not covered by pleura and through which blood vessels, bronchi, nerves and lymphatics enter and leave the lung. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004889
name: lobar bronchus vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "Vasculature that is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs" [LG:0012616]
is_a: UBERON:0000102  ! lung vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004890
name: right lung accessory lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A specialized lobe of the right lung that extends to the left side of the organism" [LG:0012619]
comment: In mouse this is sometimes divided into intermediate and diaphragmatic lobes[ISBN10:0123813611] // In humans, the right lung typically has 3 lobes (superior, middle, inferior). The lobar fissures are often incomplete, making a connection between two apposed lobes. Conversely, more than the expected number of lobes may be produced by new fissures e.g. the azygous lobe of the lung. The additional lobes are termed 'accessory lobes' -- http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/simplepage.cfm?ID=1120927803
synonym: "diaphragmatic lobe" NARROW [ISBN10:0123813611]
synonym: "intermediate lobe of right lung" NARROW [ISBN10:0123813611]
synonym: "right lung postcaval lobe" EXACT [MA:0000427]
xref: EHDAA2:0001731
xref: EHDAA:4971
xref: EMAPA:17981
xref: MA:0000427
xref: VHOG:0000831
is_a: UBERON:0006518  ! right lung lobe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004891
name: obsolete lobar bronchus bronchiole
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: This class was obsoleted as it was generated from an incorrect inference from EMAPA

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004892
name: lobar bronchus alveolar system
namespace: uberon
def: "The lobar bronchus alveolar system is where molecules of oxygen and carbon dioxide are passively exchanged, by diffusion, between the gaseous environment and the blood in the lobar bronchus" [LG:0012622]
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004896
name: right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus is the major airway within the right lung accessory lobe that starts at the division of the bronchus on the right side and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi" [LG:0012636]
synonym: "lobar bronchus of accessory lobe" BROAD [EMAPA:17982]
synonym: "lobar bronchus of right lung accessory lobe" EXACT [VHOG:0000239]
xref: EHDAA2:0001736
xref: EMAPA:17982
xref: VHOG:0000239
is_a: UBERON:0003404  ! lobar bronchus of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004897
name: right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus" [LG:0012640]
is_a: UBERON:0004901  ! right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004898
name: obsolete right lung caudal lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004899
name: right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "The right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus" [LG:0012659]
is_a: UBERON:0004901  ! right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004900
name: right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "The right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus" [LG:0012672]
is_a: UBERON:0004901  ! right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004901
name: right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "The right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung lobar bronchus" [LG:0012681]
is_a: UBERON:0004884  ! lobar bronchus mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0009603  ! right lung associated mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004902
name: urogenital sinus epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The fetal urogenital sinus (from which the prostate derives) is a simple cylinder of stratified basal epithelium, surrounded by mesenchyme and positioned between the embryonic bladder and pelvic urethra" [PMID:18977204]
comment: we follow EHDAA2 in dividing the UGS into epithelium and lumen
synonym: "UGE" EXACT [PMID:18977204]
synonym: "epithelium of urogenital sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004061
is_a: UBERON:0009846  ! embryonic cloacal epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009846 ! embryonic cloacal epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004903
name: bronchoalveolar duct junction
namespace: uberon
def: "A branch point connecting the respiratory bronchioles to the alveolar ducts[MP]." [MP:0004390]
is_a: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
relationship: connects UBERON:0002173 ! alveolar duct
relationship: connects UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004904
name: nerve connecting eye with brain
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that connects the eye to the brain and carries the impulses formed by the retina to the visual cortex of the brain[BTO]." [BTO:0000966]
comment: for the vertebrate-specific structure, see UBERON:0000941 (cranial nerve II)
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "optic nerve" BROAD [BTO:0000966]
synonym: "optic nerve (generic)" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0000966
xref: EV:0100351
xref: FBbt:00001956
xref: TADS:0000232
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0005388 ! photoreceptor array
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002104 ! visual system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0005388 ! photoreceptor array

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004905
name: articulation
namespace: uberon
def: "anatomical cluster that connects two or more adjacent skeletal elements or hardened body parts." []
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "joint" NARROW []
xref: FBbt:00005811
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004906
name: ectodermal gut
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of the gut that is derived from ectoderm." [GO:0007439]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004185  ! endodermal gut
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004907
name: lower digestive tract
namespace: uberon
def: "the region of the digestive tract extending from the beginning of the intestines to the anus[GO - gut definition]." [Wikipedia:Alimentary_canal#Upper_gastrointestinal_tract]
comment: WP: small intestine, large intestine, anus. Anal canal not part of LGIT according to FMA, but anus is considered part of LGIT according to WP. Duodenum overlaps both U/L
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "gut" BROAD [GO:0048565]
synonym: "lower GI tract" EXACT []
synonym: "lower gastrointestinal tract" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000726
xref: FMA:49179
xref: MA:0000917
xref: SCTID:279973004
xref: UMLS:C0226875
xref: galen:LowerGastrointestinalTract
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Gastrointestinal_Tract
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004908
name: upper digestive tract
namespace: uberon
def: "the region of the digestive tract extending from the mouth cavity through pharynx esophagus stomach and duodenum." [Wikipedia:Alimentary_canal#Upper_gastrointestinal_tract]
comment: WP: small intestine, large intestine, anus. Anal canal not part of LGIT according to FMA, but anus is considered part of LGIT according to WP. Duodenum overlaps both U/L. In Galen, entire GI tract excludes esophagus
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "upper GI tract" EXACT []
synonym: "upper gastrointestinal tract" EXACT []
xref: FMA:49177
xref: SCTID:181244000
xref: UMLS:C0226874
xref: galen:UpperGastrointestinalTract
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Gastrointestinal_Tract
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004909
name: epithelium of gonad
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium surrounding a gonad." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note that after reasoning this should subsume the more specific germinal epithelium classes. We include the fly structure here although it is not clear if the sheath is an epithelium or a multi-tissue structure that includes epithelium as parts
synonym: "gonad epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonadal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:4032
xref: EHDAA:5931
xref: FBbt:00004859
xref: UMLS:C1517534
xref: ncithesaurus:Germinal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004910
name: epithelium of male gonad
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium surrounding a testis." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note that after reasoning this should subsume the more specific germinal epithelium classes. We include the fly structure here although it is not clear if the sheath is an epithelium or a multi-tissue structure that includes epithelium as parts
synonym: "testis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "testis sheath" NARROW SENSU [FBbt:00004955]
xref: BTO:0001364
xref: EMAPA:17973
xref: FBbt:00004955
is_a: UBERON:0004909  ! epithelium of gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004911
name: epithelium of female gonad
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium surrounding an ovary." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note that after reasoning this should subsume the more specific germinal epithelium classes. We include the fly structure here although it is not clear if the sheath is an epithelium or a multi-tissue structure that includes epithelium as parts
synonym: "ovarian epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ovarian sheath" NARROW SENSU [FBbt:00004896]
synonym: "ovary epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0003661
xref: FBbt:00004896
is_a: UBERON:0004909  ! epithelium of gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004912
name: biliary bud
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hepatic diverticulum" RELATED [EMAPA:16561]
xref: EHDAA2:0000171
xref: EMAPA:16561
xref: EMAPA:16565
xref: VHOG:0001351
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Gray1088.png/200px-Gray1088.png
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0009497  ! epithelium of foregut-midgut junction
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004161 ! septum transversum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004913
name: hepatopancreatic ampulla
namespace: uberon
def: "A dilation of the duodenal papilla that is the opening of the juncture of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Ampulla_of_Vater]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Ampulla hepatopancreatica, ampulla Vaterii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ampulla_of_Vater]
synonym: "Vater's ampulla" EXACT []
synonym: "ampulla biliaropancreatica" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15076, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ampulla of Vater" EXACT []
synonym: "ampulla of bile duct" EXACT [FMA:15076]
synonym: "biliaropancreatic ampulla" EXACT []
synonym: "papilla Vateri" EXACT [ZFA:0005167]
synonym: "papilla duodeni major" RELATED [ZFA:0005167]
xref: FMA:15076
xref: GAID:283
xref: MESH:A03.159.183.079.300.900
xref: SCTID:362200007
xref: TAO:0005167
xref: UMLS:C0042425
xref: ZFA:0005167
xref: galen:AmpullaOfVater
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Biliary_system_new.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Biliary_system_new.svg/200px-Biliary_system_new.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ampulla_of_Vater
is_a: UBERON:0003928  ! digestive system duct
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004914 ! duodenal papilla
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004914 ! duodenal papilla
property_value: external_definition "Ampulla formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct where they enter the intestine.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004914
name: duodenal papilla
namespace: uberon
synonym: "papilla duodenalis" EXACT []
synonym: "papilla duodeni major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Major_duodenal_papilla]
synonym: "papilla duodeni minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Minor_duodenal_papilla]
synonym: "papilla of duodenum" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18662
xref: EMAPA:18853
xref: FMA:15953
xref: SCTID:245389007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Gray1057.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Gray1057.png/200px-Gray1057.png
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004915
name: sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla
namespace: uberon
def: "muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices (bile and pancreatic juice) through the ampulla of Vater into the second part of the duodenum. Relaxed by the hormone Cholecystokinin (CCK) via vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP).[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sphincter_of_ampulla]
synonym: "Oddi's sphincter" EXACT []
synonym: "hepatopancreatic ampullary sphincter" EXACT [FMA:15077]
synonym: "musculus sphincter ampullae" EXACT [FMA:15077]
synonym: "sphincter of Oddi" EXACT []
synonym: "sphincter of ampulla of vater" EXACT [FMA:15077]
xref: EMAPA:18663
xref: EMAPA:18854
xref: FMA:15077
xref: GAID:285
xref: MESH:A03.159.183.079.300.900.600
xref: SCTID:181271000
xref: UMLS:C0028872
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Gray1057.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Gray1057.png/200px-Gray1057.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sphincter_of_Oddi
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011185  ! gastrointestinal sphincter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004913 ! hepatopancreatic ampulla
intersection_of: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004913 ! hepatopancreatic ampulla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004916
name: anal sphincter
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anal region sphincter" EXACT []
synonym: "sphincter analia" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004917
name: urethral sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "A sphincter muscle surrounding the urethra." [Wikipedia:Urethral_sphincter]
synonym: "sphincter muscle of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "sphincter of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "sphincter urethrae" EXACT []
synonym: "urethral sphincter muscle" EXACT []
xref: MA:0002650
xref: SCTID:277855007
xref: SCTID:277857004
is_a: UBERON:0003829  ! urethra muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004918
name: internal urethral sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "a urethral sphincter muscle which constricts the internal urethral orifice. It is the junction of the urethra with the urinary bladder. The muscle is made of smooth muscle, so therefore it is under involuntary control. It is kept tonically contracted by the sympathetic nervous system and during micturition, is relaxed via the parasympathetic nervous system. This is the primary muscle for preventing the release of urine[WP]." [Wikipedia:Internal_sphincter_muscle_of_urethra]
synonym: "internal sphincter muscle of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "internal sphincter of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "internal urethral sphincter muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus sphincter supracollicularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:45769, FMA:TA]
synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae internus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:45769, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Internal_sphincter_muscle_of_urethra]
synonym: "preprostatic sphincter" EXACT [FMA:45769]
synonym: "sphincter urethrae internus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:45769, FMA:TA]
synonym: "supracollicular sphincter" EXACT [FMA:45769]
xref: FMA:45769
xref: SCTID:277856008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Gray407.png
is_a: UBERON:0004917  ! urethral sphincter
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0002013 ! superior hypogastric nerve plexus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0005303 ! hypogastric nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004919
name: external urethral sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra, Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra]
comment: TODO male/female subclasses
synonym: "M. urethralis" EXACT [PMID:9879823]
synonym: "annulus urethralis" EXACT []
synonym: "external sphincter muscle of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "external sphincter of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "external urethral sphincter muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae externus urethrae femininae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra]
synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae externus urethrae masculinae, musculus sphincter urethrae membranaceae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra]
synonym: "urethralis" EXACT [MA:0002401, PMID:9879823]
synonym: "urethralis muscle" EXACT [PMID:9879823]
xref: FMA:85274
xref: MA:0002401
xref: SCTID:19101001
xref: UMLS:C1710586
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Gray1166.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray1142.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Urethralis
is_a: UBERON:0004917  ! urethral sphincter
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001274 ! ischium
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004920
name: obsolete mesoderm of gonad
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesoderm that is part of a gonad [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "gonad mesoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gonadal mesoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004921
name: subdivision of digestive tract
namespace: uberon
comment: intended to denote both embryonic and adult structures. Note the FMA grouping here is not quite correct.
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "alimentary system subdivision" RELATED [FMA:71131]
synonym: "subdivision of alimentary system" RELATED [FMA:71131]
xref: FBbt:00100315
xref: FMA:71131
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0013522  ! subdivision of tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004922
name: postnatal subventricular zone
namespace: uberon
def: "A mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the brain ventricles in the adult that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells[MP]. a paired brain structure situated throughout the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. It has been associated with having four distinct layers of variable thickness and cell density, as well as cellular composition[WP]." [Wikipedia:Subventricular_zone]
comment: Structure notes: WP divides this into 4 layers.
synonym: "SVZ" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "adult subventricular zone" EXACT [MP:0004275]
synonym: "brain subventricular zone" EXACT [MA:0000817]
synonym: "postnatal subventricular zone" EXACT [MP:0004275]
synonym: "subependymal layer" RELATED [MP:0004275]
synonym: "subependymal plate" RELATED [MP:0004275]
synonym: "subependymal zone" RELATED [MP:0004275]
synonym: "subventricular zone" EXACT [MA:0000817]
synonym: "subventricular zone of brain" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0003090
xref: MA:0000817
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009953 ! post-embryonic organism
property_value: external_definition "The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a paired brain structure situated throughout the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. Along with the subgranular zone of dentate gyrus, subventricular zone serves as a source of neural stem cells in the process of adult neurogenesis. It harbors the largest population of proliferating cells in the adult brain of rodents, monkeys and humans. Neurons generated in SVZ travel to the olfactory bulb via the rostral migratory stream[BTO:0003090]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004923
name: organ component layer
namespace: uberon
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: FMA:82485
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004924
name: submucosa of pharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "The tissue underlying the tunica mucosa of the pharynx." [BTO:0002113]
synonym: "pharyngeal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:75144]
synonym: "pharyngobasilar fascia" RELATED []
synonym: "pharynx submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucous coat of pharynx" RELATED [BTO:0002113]
synonym: "submucous layer of pharynx" RELATED [BTO:0002113]
synonym: "tela submucosa pharyngis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002113]
xref: BTO:0002113
xref: FMA:75144
xref: SCTID:19594009
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004777  ! respiratory system submucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004925
name: submucosa of laryngopharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a hypopharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hypopharynx submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngeal pharynx submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngopharynx submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tela submucosa (pars laryngea pharyngis)" EXACT [FMA:55072]
xref: FMA:55072
xref: SCTID:47496006
is_a: UBERON:0004924  ! submucosa of pharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004926
name: submucosa of cystic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a cystic duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cystic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cystic ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18013]
xref: FMA:18013
is_a: UBERON:0004938  ! submucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004927
name: submucosa of cecum
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a cecum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caecum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cecum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14999
is_a: UBERON:0003331  ! submucosa of colon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004928
name: submucosa of appendix
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of an appendix [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "appendiceal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14992]
synonym: "appendix submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caecal appendix submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermiform appendix submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermix submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14992
xref: SCTID:86833001
is_a: UBERON:0004927  ! submucosa of cecum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004929
name: submucosa of ascending colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of an ascending colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ascending colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15006
is_a: UBERON:0003331  ! submucosa of colon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004930
name: submucosa of transverse colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a transverse colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "transverse colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15013
is_a: UBERON:0003331  ! submucosa of colon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004931
name: submucosa of descending colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a descending colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "descending colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15020
is_a: UBERON:0003331  ! submucosa of colon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004932
name: submucosa of sigmoid colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a sigmoid colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sigmoid colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15027
is_a: UBERON:0003331  ! submucosa of colon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004933
name: submucosa of fundus of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a fundus of stomach [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach fundus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:27153
xref: EMAPA:27407
xref: FMA:17058
is_a: UBERON:0001200  ! submucosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004934
name: submucosa of body of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a body of stomach [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "body of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric body submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach body submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17059
is_a: UBERON:0001200  ! submucosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004936
name: submucosa of pyloric antrum
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a pyloric antrum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antrum of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric antrum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17060
is_a: UBERON:0004937  ! submucosa of pylorus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004937
name: submucosa of pylorus
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a pylorus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric part of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "pylorus submucosa" EXACT [FMA:17462, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric region submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:27201
xref: EMAPA:27503
xref: FMA:17462
is_a: UBERON:0001200  ! submucosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004938
name: submucosa of biliary tree
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a biliary tree [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tract submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tree submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:18009
is_a: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004939
name: submucosa of common bile duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a common bile duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common bile duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common bile ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18011]
synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:18011
is_a: UBERON:0004938  ! submucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004940
name: submucosa of common hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a common hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common hepatic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common hepatic ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18014]
synonym: "hepatic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:18014
is_a: UBERON:0004938  ! submucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004941
name: submucosa of right hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a right hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right hepatic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right hepatic ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18015]
xref: FMA:18015
is_a: UBERON:0004938  ! submucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001176 ! right hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001176 ! right hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004942
name: submucosa of left hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a left hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left hepatic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left hepatic ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18017]
xref: FMA:18017
is_a: UBERON:0004938  ! submucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001177 ! left hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001177 ! left hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004943
name: submucosa of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "The submucous layer of the wall of the urinary bladder." [BTO:0002117]
synonym: "bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucous layer of urinary bladder" RELATED [BTO:0002117]
synonym: "tela submucosa vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15929, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tela submucosa vesicae urinariae" EXACT [BTO:0002117]
synonym: "urinary bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0002117
xref: FMA:15929
xref: SCTID:88384001
is_a: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001256 ! wall of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004944
name: submucosa of trigone of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deep trigone submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical trigone submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17852
is_a: UBERON:0004943  ! submucosa of urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004945
name: submucosa of neck of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder neck submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of urinary bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder neck submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical neck submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17851
is_a: UBERON:0004943  ! submucosa of urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004946
name: submucosa of ileum
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a ileum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ileal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14957]
synonym: "ileum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14957
xref: SCTID:65374006
is_a: UBERON:0001205  ! submucosa of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004947
name: submucosa of right main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a right main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right main bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:13139]
synonym: "right main bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right principal bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13139
is_a: UBERON:0004949  ! submucosa of main bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002177 ! right main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002177 ! right main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004948
name: submucosa of left main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a left main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left main bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:13140]
synonym: "left main bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left principal bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13140
is_a: UBERON:0004949  ! submucosa of main bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002178 ! left main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002178 ! left main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004949
name: submucosa of main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:13118]
synonym: "main bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13118
is_a: UBERON:0001957  ! submucosa of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004950
name: submucosa of lobar bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a lobar bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:62669]
synonym: "lobar bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:62669
is_a: UBERON:0001957  ! submucosa of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004951
name: submucosa of segmental bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a segmental bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "segmental bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:62670]
synonym: "segmental bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tertiary bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:62670
is_a: UBERON:0001957  ! submucosa of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004952
name: submucosa of bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:62775
is_a: UBERON:0001957  ! submucosa of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004980
name: mucosa of ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a ureter [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosal layer of ureter" EXACT [FMA:15894]
synonym: "mucous membrane of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa (ureter)" EXACT [FMA:15894]
synonym: "tunica mucosa ureteris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15894, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ureter mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ureter mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ureter mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ureter organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ureteral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15894]
synonym: "ureteric mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15894]
xref: FMA:15894
xref: SCTID:40476001
xref: galen:MucousMembraneOfUreter
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009916 ! wall of ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004982
name: mucosa of epiglottis
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a epiglottis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiglottis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiglottis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiglottis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiglottis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of epiglottis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of epiglottis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of epiglottis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:64015
xref: SCTID:156751001
is_a: UBERON:0004987  ! mucosa of laryngopharynx
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004983
name: mucosa of vagina
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a vagina [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa vaginae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19975, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vagina mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vagina mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vagina mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vagina organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vaginal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:19975]
xref: FMA:19975
xref: SCTID:362245006
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004984
name: mucosa of seminal vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a seminal vesicle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal gland mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal gland mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal gland mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal gland organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal vesicle mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal vesicle mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal vesicle mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "seminal vesicle organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa glandulae vesiculosae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19405, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:19405
xref: SCTID:252260007
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004985
name: mucosa of ejaculatory duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a ejaculatory duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ejaculatory duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ejaculatory duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ejaculatory duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ejaculatory duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ejaculatory ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:19373]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of ejaculatory duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of ejaculatory duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of ejaculatory duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:19373
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004986
name: mucosa of deferent duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a vas deferens [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deferent duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deferent duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deferent duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deferent duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deferent ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:19240]
synonym: "ductus deferens mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus deferens mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus deferens mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus deferens organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sperm duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sperm duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sperm duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sperm duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa (ductus deferens)" EXACT [FMA:19240]
synonym: "tunica mucosa ductus deferentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19240, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vas deferen mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferen mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferen mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferen organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferens mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferens mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferens mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vas deferens organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:19240
xref: SCTID:299626000
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004987
name: mucosa of laryngopharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a hypopharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hypopharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hypopharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hypopharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hypopharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngeal pharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngeal pharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngeal pharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngeal pharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngopharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngopharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngopharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "laryngopharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of laryngopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of laryngopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of laryngopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:55030
xref: SCTID:362126008
is_a: UBERON:0000355  ! pharyngeal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004988
name: mucosa of cystic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a cystic duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cystic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cystic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cystic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cystic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cystic ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14690]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of cystic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of cystic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of cystic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14690
is_a: UBERON:0004999  ! mucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004989
name: mucosa of appendix
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of an appendix [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "appendiceal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14991]
synonym: "appendix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "appendix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "appendix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "appendix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caecal appendix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caecal appendix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caecal appendix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caecal appendix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermiform appendix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermiform appendix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermiform appendix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermiform appendix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vermix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14991
xref: SCTID:362155000
is_a: UBERON:0000314  ! cecum mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004990
name: mucosa of ascending colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of an ascending colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ascending colon mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ascending colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ascending colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ascending colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of ascending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of ascending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of ascending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15005
is_a: UBERON:0000317  ! colonic mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004991
name: mucosa of transverse colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a transverse colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of transverse colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of transverse colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of transverse colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "transverse colon mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "transverse colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "transverse colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "transverse colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15012
is_a: UBERON:0000317  ! colonic mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004992
name: mucosa of descending colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a descending colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "descending colon mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "descending colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "descending colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "descending colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of descending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of descending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of descending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15019
is_a: UBERON:0000317  ! colonic mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004993
name: mucosa of sigmoid colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a sigmoid colon [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of sigmoid colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of sigmoid colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of sigmoid colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sigmoid colon mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sigmoid colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sigmoid colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sigmoid colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:15026
is_a: UBERON:0000317  ! colonic mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004994
name: mucosa of fundus of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a fundus of stomach [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fundus of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of fundus of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of fundus of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of fundus of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach fundus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach fundus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach fundus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach fundus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17053
is_a: UBERON:0001199  ! mucosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004995
name: mucosa of body of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a body of stomach [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "body of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "body of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "body of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "body of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric body mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric body mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric body mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric body organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of body of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of body of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of body of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach body mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach body mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach body mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach body organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17054
is_a: UBERON:0001199  ! mucosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004997
name: mucosa of pyloric antrum
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a pyloric antrum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antrum of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antrum of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antrum of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antrum of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric antrum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric antrum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric antrum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric antrum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17055
is_a: UBERON:0004998  ! mucosa of pylorus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004998
name: mucosa of pylorus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a pylorus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antropyloric mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0002984]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of pylorus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of pylorus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of pylorus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric part of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric part of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric part of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric part of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pylorus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pylorus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pylorus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pylorus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric region mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric region mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric region mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "stomach pyloric region organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0002984
xref: EMAPA:27199
xref: EMAPA:27499
xref: FMA:17461
is_a: UBERON:0001199  ! mucosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0004999
name: mucosa of biliary tree
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a biliary tree [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tract mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tract mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tract mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tract organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tree mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tree mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tree mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "biliary tree organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of biliary tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of biliary tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of biliary tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14695
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005000
name: mucosa of common bile duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a common bile duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common bile duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common bile duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common bile duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common bile duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common bile ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14688]
synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of common bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of common bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of common bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14688
is_a: UBERON:0004999  ! mucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005001
name: mucosa of common hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a common hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common hepatic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common hepatic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common hepatic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common hepatic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "common hepatic ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14691]
synonym: "hepatic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hepatic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hepatic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hepatic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of common hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of common hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of common hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14691
is_a: UBERON:0004999  ! mucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005002
name: mucosa of right hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a right hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of right hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of right hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of right hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right hepatic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right hepatic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right hepatic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right hepatic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right hepatic ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14692]
xref: FMA:14692
is_a: UBERON:0004999  ! mucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001176 ! right hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001176 ! right hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005003
name: mucosa of left hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a left hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left hepatic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left hepatic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left hepatic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left hepatic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left hepatic ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14693]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of left hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of left hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of left hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14693
is_a: UBERON:0004999  ! mucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001177 ! left hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001177 ! left hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005004
name: mucosa of right ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a right ureter [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of right ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of right ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of right ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right ureter mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right ureter mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right ureter mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right ureter organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right ureteral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:17806]
xref: FMA:17806
is_a: UBERON:0004980  ! mucosa of ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001222 ! right ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001222 ! right ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005005
name: mucosa of left ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a left ureter [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left ureter mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left ureter mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left ureter mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left ureter organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left ureteral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:17807]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of left ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of left ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of left ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17807
is_a: UBERON:0004980  ! mucosa of ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001223 ! left ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001223 ! left ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005006
name: mucosa of renal pelvis
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a renal pelvis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney pelvis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney pelvis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney pelvis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney pelvis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvis of ureter organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvic mucosa" EXACT [FMA:17931]
synonym: "renal pelvis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal pelvis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa pelvis renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:17931, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:17931
xref: SCTID:243482002
is_a: UBERON:0004980  ! mucosa of ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005007
name: mucosa of major calyx
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a major calyx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "major calix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "major calix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "major calix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "major calix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "major calyx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "major calyx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "major calyx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "major calyx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of major calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of major calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of major calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of major calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of major calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of major calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of major calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17934
is_a: UBERON:0005006  ! mucosa of renal pelvis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001226 ! major calyx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001226 ! major calyx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005008
name: mucosa of minor calyx
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a minor calyx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "minor calix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "minor calix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "minor calix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "minor calix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "minor calyx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "minor calyx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "minor calyx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "minor calyx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of minor calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of minor calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of minor calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of minor calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of minor calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of minor calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of minor calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17937
is_a: UBERON:0005006  ! mucosa of renal pelvis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001227 ! minor calyx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001227 ! minor calyx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005009
name: mucosa of trigone of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deep trigone mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deep trigone mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deep trigone mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deep trigone organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder trigone organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical trigone mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical trigone mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical trigone mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical trigone organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17847
is_a: UBERON:0001259  ! mucosa of urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005010
name: mucosa of neck of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder neck mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder neck mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder neck mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bladder neck organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of urinary bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of urinary bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of urinary bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "neck of urinary bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder neck mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder neck mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urinary bladder neck mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical neck mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical neck mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical neck mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vesical neck organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:17846
is_a: UBERON:0001259  ! mucosa of urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005013
name: mucosa of male urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a male urethra [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of male urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of male urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of male urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:239937
is_a: UBERON:0012299  ! mucosa of urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005014
name: mucosa of female urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a female urethra [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of female urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of female urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of female urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:239940
is_a: UBERON:0012299  ! mucosa of urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005016
name: mucosa of intermediate urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a membranous urethra [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate part of urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate part of urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate part of urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate part of urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intermediate urethral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:77085]
synonym: "membranous part of urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous part of urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous part of urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous part of urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "membranous urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of intermediate part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of membranous part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of membranous urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of intermediate part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of intermediate urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of membranous part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of membranous urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of intermediate part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of intermediate urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of membranous part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of membranous urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of intermediate part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of intermediate urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of membranous part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of membranous urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae) mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae) mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae) mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae) organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:77085
xref: SCTID:362229009
xref: galen:MucousMembraneOfUrethra
is_a: UBERON:0012299  ! mucosa of urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001336 ! membranous urethra of male or female
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001336 ! membranous urethra of male or female

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005017
name: mucosa of lacrimal sac
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a lacrimal sac [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal sac mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal sac mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal sac mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal sac organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of lacrimal sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of lacrimal sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of lacrimal sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72061
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001351 ! lacrimal sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001351 ! lacrimal sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005018
name: mucosa of nasal septum
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a nasal septum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of nasal septum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of nasal septum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal septum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal septum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal septum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal septum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of nasal septum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:60113
is_a: UBERON:0001826  ! nasal cavity mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005019
name: mucosa of palate
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a palate [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of oral roof" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral roof" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of roof of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of roof of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of oral roof" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of roof of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral roof mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral roof mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral roof mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral roof organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of oral roof" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of roof of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palate mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palate mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palate mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palate organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof of mouth mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof of mouth mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof of mouth mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof of mouth organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59765
is_a: UBERON:0003729  ! mouth mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005020
name: mucosa of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lingual mucosa" EXACT [FMA:54807]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tongue mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tongue mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tongue mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tongue organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa linguae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54807, FMA:TA]
xref: EFO:0002553
xref: FMA:54807
xref: SCTID:362092002
is_a: UBERON:0003729  ! mouth mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005021
name: mucosa of sphenoidal sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a sphenoidal sinus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor note: decide whether cavities can be part of mucosae
synonym: "mucosa of organ of sphenoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of sphenoidal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of sphenoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of sphenoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of sphenoidal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of sphenoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of sphenoidal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sphenoid sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sphenoid sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sphenoid sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sphenoid sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sphenoidal sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sphenoidal sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sphenoidal sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sphenoidal sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59775
xref: SCTID:43774000
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001724 ! sphenoidal sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001724 ! sphenoidal sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005022
name: mucosa of nasopharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a nasopharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal part of pharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasopharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasopharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasopharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasopharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhinopharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhinopharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhinopharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhinopharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:54971
xref: SCTID:361938001
is_a: UBERON:0000355  ! pharyngeal mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0000379  ! tracheal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005023
name: mucosa of oropharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a oropharynx [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of oropharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of oropharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral part of pharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral part of pharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral part of pharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral part of pharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of oropharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oropharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oropharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oropharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oropharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:54933
xref: SCTID:144632009
is_a: UBERON:0000355  ! pharyngeal mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004786  ! gastrointestinal system mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005024
name: mucosa of soft palate
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a soft palate [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of soft palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of soft palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of soft palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "soft palate mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "soft palate mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "soft palate mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "soft palate organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59784
xref: SCTID:245842003
is_a: UBERON:0005019  ! mucosa of palate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005025
name: mucosa of uvula
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a uvula [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cerebellum lobule IX mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cerebellum lobule IX mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cerebellum lobule IX mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cerebellum lobule IX organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of cerebellum lobule IX" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of cerebellum lobule IX" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of uvula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of uvula of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of uvula of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of cerebellum lobule IX" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of uvula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of uvula of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of cerebellum lobule IX" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of uvula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of uvula of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uvula mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uvula mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uvula mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uvula of palate mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uvula of palate mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uvula of palate mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uvula of palate organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uvula organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:60030
is_a: UBERON:0005024  ! mucosa of soft palate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001734 ! uvula
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001734 ! uvula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005026
name: mucosa of middle ear
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a middle ear [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle ear mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle ear mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle ear mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "middle ear organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of tympanic cavity" EXACT [FMA:59663]
synonym: "mucous membrane of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa cavitatis tympanicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59663, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:59663
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005027
name: mucosa of frontal sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a frontal sinus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "frontal sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "frontal sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "frontal sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "frontal sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of frontal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of frontal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of frontal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59774
xref: SCTID:368909005
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001760 ! frontal sinus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001760 ! frontal sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005028
name: mucosa of maxillary sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a maxillary sinus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antrum of highmore mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antrum of highmore mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antrum of highmore mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "antrum of highmore organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "maxillary sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "maxillary sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "maxillary sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "maxillary sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of antrum of highmore" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of antrum of highmore" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of maxillary sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of antrum of highmore" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of maxillary sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of antrum of highmore" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of maxillary sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59773
xref: SCTID:368908002
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001764 ! maxillary sinus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001764 ! maxillary sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005029
name: mucosa of lacrimal canaliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a lacrimal canaliculus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal canalicular mucosa" EXACT [FMA:85366]
synonym: "lacrimal canaliculus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal canaliculus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal canaliculus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal canaliculus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of lacrimal canaliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of lacrimal canaliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of lacrimal canaliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:85366
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001770 ! lacrimal canaliculus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001770 ! lacrimal canaliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005030
name: mucosa of paranasal sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that adjacent_to a paranasal sinus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "paranasal sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59772
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001825 ! paranasal sinus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001825 ! paranasal sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005031
name: mucosa of upper lip
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a upper lip [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of upper lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of upper lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of upper lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper lip mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper lip mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper lip mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper lip organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59832
xref: SCTID:362088009
xref: UMLS:C0226933
xref: ncithesaurus:Mucosa_of_the_Upper_Lip
is_a: UBERON:0003729  ! mouth mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005032
name: mucosa of lower lip
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a lower lip [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower lip mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower lip mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower lip mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower lip organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of lower lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of lower lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of lower lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59833
xref: SCTID:362089001
xref: UMLS:C0226939
xref: ncithesaurus:Mucosa_of_the_Lower_Lip
is_a: UBERON:0003729  ! mouth mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005033
name: mucosa of gallbladder
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gall bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gall bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gall bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gall bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gallbladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa (vesica biliaris)" EXACT [FMA:14662]
synonym: "tunica mucosa vesicae biliaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14662, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:14662
xref: SCTID:362196002
is_a: UBERON:0004999  ! mucosa of biliary tree
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005034
name: mucosa of right main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a right main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of right main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of right main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of right main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right main bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:13137]
synonym: "right main bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right main bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right main bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right main bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right principal bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right principal bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right principal bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right principal bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13137
is_a: UBERON:0005036  ! mucosa of main bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002177 ! right main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002177 ! right main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005035
name: mucosa of left main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a left main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left main bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:13138]
synonym: "left main bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left main bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left main bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left main bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left principal bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left principal bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left principal bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left principal bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of left main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of left main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of left main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13138
is_a: UBERON:0005036  ! mucosa of main bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002178 ! left main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002178 ! left main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005036
name: mucosa of main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus principalis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:13115]
synonym: "main bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "primary bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "principal bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13115
is_a: UBERON:0000410  ! bronchial mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005037
name: mucosa of lobar bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a lobar bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:62668]
synonym: "lobar bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "secondary bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:62668
is_a: UBERON:0000410  ! bronchial mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005038
name: mucosa of segmental bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a segmental bronchus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of segmental bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of segmental bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of segmental bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "segmental bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:62666]
synonym: "segmental bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "segmental bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "segmental bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "segmental bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tertiary bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tertiary bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tertiary bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tertiary bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:62666
is_a: UBERON:0000410  ! bronchial mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005039
name: mucosa of bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobular bronchiole organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:263230
xref: FMA:62774
xref: SCTID:10887006
is_a: UBERON:0000410  ! bronchial mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005040
name: mucosa of terminal bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of terminal bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of terminal bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of terminal bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal bronchiole mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal bronchiole mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal bronchiole mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "terminal bronchiole organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:263232
is_a: UBERON:0005039  ! mucosa of bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005041
name: mucosa of respiratory bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of respiratory bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of respiratory bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of respiratory bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory bronchiole mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory bronchiole mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory bronchiole mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory bronchiole organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:263238
is_a: UBERON:0005039  ! mucosa of bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005042
name: inner epithelial layer of tympanic membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of the tympanic cavity epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane" [PMID:11237469, UBERON:cjm]
comment: AO notes: in FMA this is classified as a mucosa
synonym: "mucosa of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56844]
synonym: "mucous layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56844]
synonym: "mucous stratum of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56844]
synonym: "tympanic membrane external middle ear cavity epithelial component" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "tympanic membrane mucosa" EXACT [FMA:56844]
xref: FMA:56844
xref: SCTID:36411006
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0009647  ! tympanic membrane epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010063 ! tympanic cavity epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0009647  ! tympanic membrane epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010063 ! tympanic cavity epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005043
name: mucosa of nasolacrimal duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a nasolacrimal duct [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of nasolacrimal duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of nasolacrimal duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasolacrimal duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasolacrimal duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasolacrimal duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasolacrimal duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasolacrimal ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:59664]
synonym: "organ mucosa of nasolacrimal duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59664
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002392 ! nasolacrimal duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002392 ! nasolacrimal duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005044
name: mucosa of pharyngotympanic tube
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a pharyngotympanic tube [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "auditory tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "auditory tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "auditory tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "auditory tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "internal auditory tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "internal auditory tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "internal auditory tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "internal auditory tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of internal auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of internal auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of internal auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucuous membrane of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60109]
synonym: "mucuous membrane of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [FMA:60109]
synonym: "organ mucosa of auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of internal auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica mucosa (tuba auditiva)" EXACT [FMA:60109]
synonym: "tunica mucosa (tuba auditoria)" EXACT [FMA:60109]
xref: FMA:60109
is_a: UBERON:0005026  ! mucosa of middle ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005045
name: mucosa of ethmoidal sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a ethmoid sinus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ethmoid sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ethmoid sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ethmoid sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ethmoid sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ethmoidal sinus mucosa" EXACT [FMA:59776]
synonym: "mucosa of ethmoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of ethmoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of ethmoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of ethmoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59776
xref: SCTID:65501003
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002453 ! ethmoid sinus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002453 ! ethmoid sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005046
name: mucosa of hard palate
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a hard palate [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hard palate mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hard palate mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of hard palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of hard palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:59783
xref: SCTID:245841005
is_a: UBERON:0005019  ! mucosa of palate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005047
name: mucosa of vocal fold
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a vocal cord [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of glottis" EXACT [FMA:64017]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of true vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of true vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of true vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of true vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "true vocal cord mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "true vocal cord mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "true vocal cord mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "true vocal cord organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vocal cord mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vocal cord mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vocal cord mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vocal cord organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vocal fold mucosa" EXACT [FMA:64017]
xref: FMA:64017
is_a: UBERON:0001824  ! mucosa of larynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003706 ! vocal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003706 ! vocal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005049
name: mucosa of infundibulum of uterine tube
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of infundibulum of fallopian tube" EXACT [FMA:18357]
synonym: "mucosa of infundibulum of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18357]
synonym: "mucosa of organ of uterine tube infundibulum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucosa of uterine tube infundibulum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mucous membrane of uterine tube infundibulum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "organ mucosa of uterine tube infundibulum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uterine tube infundibulum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uterine tube infundibulum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uterine tube infundibulum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "uterine tube infundibulum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:18357
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005050
name: liver papillary process
namespace: uberon
synonym: "papillary process of caudate lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:14506]
synonym: "processus papillaris" EXACT [FMA:14506]
xref: FMA:14506
xref: MA:0001643
xref: SCTID:271187002
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005051
name: mediastinum testis
namespace: uberon
def: "The mediastinum testis is a network of fibrous connective tissue that extends from the upper to near the lower extremity of the testis, and is wider above than below. From its front and sides numerous imperfect septa (trabeculC&) are given off, which radiate toward the surface of the organ, and are attached to the tunica albuginea. They divide the interior of the organ into a number of incomplete spaces, called lobules. These are somewhat cone-shaped, being broad at their bases at the surface of the gland, and becoming narrower as they converge to the mediastinum. The mediastinum supports the rete testis and blood vessels of the testis in their passage to and from the substance of the gland[WP]" [Wikipedia:Mediastinum_testis]
synonym: "body of highmore" EXACT [FMA:19812]
synonym: "hilum of testicle" EXACT []
synonym: "mediastinum of testis" EXACT [FMA:19812]
synonym: "testis mediastinum" EXACT [FMA:19812]
xref: EMAPA:18331
xref: FMA:19812
xref: SCTID:362279007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg/200px-Hodenschema.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003728 ! mediastinum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005052
name: gizzard
namespace: uberon
def: "The muscular enlargement of the alimentary canal that has usually thick muscular walls and a tough horny lining for grinding the food and when the crop is present follows it and the proventriculus." [BTO:0000520, Wikipedia:Gizzard]
comment: AO notes: BTO also includes: A thickened part of the alimentary canal in some animals (as an insect or an earthworm) that is similar in function to the crop of a bird. However, we are refering to the Aves structure here
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "gastric mill" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gizzard]
synonym: "gigerium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gizzard]
synonym: "ventriculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gizzard]
xref: BTO:0000520
xref: GAID:1238
xref: MESH:A13.853.363
xref: UMLS:C1510668
xref: ncithesaurus:Gizzard
is_a: UBERON:0000945  ! stomach
relationship: has_part UBERON:0008861 ! pyloric gastric gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005053
name: nerve cord
namespace: uberon
subset: dubious_grouping  ! Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked
xref: BILA:0000136
xref: BTO:0001656
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005054
name: dorsal nerve cord
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord of a chordate that comprises or develops into the central nervous system[BTO]. The nerve cord of chordates develops dorsally in the body as a hollow tube above the notochord. In most species it differentiates in embryogeny into the brain anteriorly and spinal cord that runs through the trunk and tail. Together the brain and spinal cord are the central nervous system to which peripheral sensory and motor nerves connect[TOL]. The dorsal nerve cord is one of the embryonic features unique to chordates, along with a notochord, a post-anal tail and pharyngeal slits. The dorsal nerve cord is a hollow cord dorsal to the notochord. It is formed from a part of the ectoderm that rolls, forming the hollow tube, compared to other animal phyla, which have solid, ventral tubes. The dorsal nerve cord is later modified into the brain and spinal cord. Dorsal nerve cord is mainly found in phylum Vertebrata[WP]." [BTO:0002329, Wikipedia:Dorsal_nerve_cord, http://tolweb.org/Chordata/2499]
xref: BTO:0002329
is_a: UBERON:0005053  ! nerve cord
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005055
name: zone of long bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ part that is part of a long bone [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "long bone zone" EXACT []
xref: FMA:24008
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005056
name: external female genitalia
namespace: uberon
def: "An external genitalia that is part of a female reproductive system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "external female genital organ" EXACT [BTO:0003100]
synonym: "external genitalia of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female external genitalia" EXACT [FMA:45649]
synonym: "organa genitalia feminina externa" RELATED [BTO:0003100]
xref: BTO:0003100
xref: EMAPA:30984
xref: FMA:45649
xref: SCTID:362234008
xref: galen:FemaleExternalGenitalia
is_a: UBERON:0003134  ! female reproductive organ
is_a: UBERON:0004176  ! external genitalia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0004176  ! external genitalia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
disjoint_from: UBERON:0009196  ! indifferent external genitalia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005057
name: immune organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of a immune system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005058
name: hemolymphoid system gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a hemolymphoid system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "hemopoietic or lymphoid gland" EXACT [GOC:cjm]
synonym: "hemopoietic or lymphoid organ" BROAD [GO:0048534]
xref: MA:0002962
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005059
name: obsolete Drosophila lymph gland
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: out of scope

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005061
name: neural groove
namespace: uberon
def: "The median dorsal longitudinal groove formed in the embryo by the neural plate after the appearance of the neural folds." [GO:0001842, GOC:cjm, Wikipedia:Neural_groove]
xref: AAO:0011071
xref: SCTID:361463007
xref: UMLS:C0814992
xref: XAO:0000248
xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Groove
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate
property_value: external_definition "The neural groove is a shallow median groove between the neural folds of an embryo. The neural folds are two longitudinal ridges that are caused by a folding up of the ectoderm in front of the primitive streak of the developing embryo. The groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into a closed tube, the neural tube or canal, the ectodermal wall of which forms the rudiment of the nervous system. After the coalescence of the neural folds over the anterior end of the primitive streak, the blastopore no longer opens on the surface but into the closed canal of the neural tube, and thus a transitory communication, the neurenteric canal, is established between the neural tube and the primitive digestive tube. The coalescence of the neural folds occurs first in the region of the hind-brain, and from there extends forward and backward; toward the end of the third week the front opening (anterior neuropore) of the tube finally closes at the anterior end of the future brain, and forms a recess which is in contact, for a time, with the overlying ectoderm; the hinder part of the neural groove presents for a time a rhomboidal shape, and to this expanded portion the term sinus rhomboidalis has been applied. Before the neural groove is closed a ridge of ectodermal cells appears along the prominent margin of each neural fold; this is termed the neural crest or ganglion ridge, and from it the spinal and cranial nerve ganglia and the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system are developed. By the upward growth of the mesoderm the neural tube is ultimately separated from the overlying ectoderm. The cephalic end of the neural groove exhibits several dilatations, which, when the tube is closed, assume the form of three vesicles; these constitute the three primary cerebral vesicles, and correspond respectively to the future fore-brain (prosencephalon), mid-brain (mesencephalon), and hind-brain (rhombencephalon). The walls of the vesicles are developed into the nervous tissue and neuroglia of the brain, and their cavities are modified to form its ventricles. The remainder of the tube forms the medulla spinalis or spinal cord; from its ectodermal wall the nervous and neuroglial elements of the medulla spinalis are developed while the cavity persists as the central canal[Wikipedia:Neural_groove]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005062
name: neural fold
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the two elevated edges of the neural groove[GO,MP]." [GO:0001842, MP:0011256, Wikipedia:Neural_fold]
synonym: "medullary fold" EXACT [MP:0011256]
xref: EHDAA2:0001249
xref: EMAPA:16093
xref: EMAPA:16142
xref: EMAPA:16146
xref: EMAPA:16151
xref: EMAPA:16155
xref: EMAPA:16159
xref: EMAPA:16162
xref: EMAPA:16288
xref: EMAPA:16292
xref: EMAPA:16295
xref: EMAPA:16299
xref: EMAPA:16303
xref: EMAPA:16307
xref: EMAPA:16528
xref: SCTID:361461009
xref: UMLS:C0814993
xref: XAO:0004087
xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Fold
is_a: UBERON:0005157  ! epithelial fold
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate
disjoint_from: UBERON:0009746  ! head fold of embryonic disc
property_value: external_definition "In front of the primitive streak two longitudinal ridges, caused by a folding up of the ectoderm, make their appearance, one on either side of the middle line. These are named the neural folds; they commence some little distance behind the anterior end of the embryonic disk, where they are continuous with each other, and from there gradually extend backward, one on either side of the anterior end of the primitive streak. Also, after differentiation it turns into the neural tubes[Wikipedia:Neural_fold]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005063
name: left ventricular compact myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0003224]
is_a: UBERON:0004127  ! compact layer of ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003382 ! cardiac muscle of left ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006566 ! left ventricle myocardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0004127  ! compact layer of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005064
name: left ventricular trabecular myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0003225]
is_a: UBERON:0004126  ! trabecular layer of ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003382 ! cardiac muscle of left ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0004126  ! trabecular layer of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005065
name: right ventricular compact myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0003226]
is_a: UBERON:0004127  ! compact layer of ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003381 ! cardiac muscle of right ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006567 ! right ventricle myocardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0004127  ! compact layer of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005066
name: right ventricular trabecular myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0003227]
is_a: UBERON:0004126  ! trabecular layer of ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003381 ! cardiac muscle of right ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0004126  ! trabecular layer of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005068
name: neural rod
namespace: uberon
def: "a solid rod of neurectoderm derived from the neural keel. The neural rod is roughly circular in cross section. Neural rod formation occurs during primary neurulation in teleosts[GO]. An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube[ZFIN]." [GO:0014024, ZFA:0000133]
xref: EFO:0003498
xref: TAO:0000133
xref: ZFA:0000133
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007135 ! neural keel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005069
name: neural fold hinge point
namespace: uberon
def: "The median hinge point extends for the entire length of the neural tube, and the lateral hinge points do not form in the spinal cord region of the neural tube[GO]." [GO:0021504]
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005070
name: anterior neuropore
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete[GO]." [GO:0021506]
comment: GO def of anterior neuropore closure is: The joining together of the neural folds of the rostral opening of the neural tube
synonym: "cephalic neuropore" EXACT [SCTID:361478000]
synonym: "cranial neuropore" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "rostral neuropore" EXACT [EMAPA:16523]
xref: EHDAA2:0004203
xref: EMAPA:16523
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001768
xref: SCTID:361478000
xref: VHOG:0000768
is_a: UBERON:0005077  ! neuropore
property_value: external_definition "Anterior site of neural tube closure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.378, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005071
name: posterior neuropore
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete[GO]." [GO:0021507]
synonym: "caudal neuropore" EXACT [EMAPA:16526]
xref: EHDAA2:0000676
xref: EHDAA:900
xref: EMAPA:16526
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000223
xref: SCTID:361479008
xref: VHOG:0000769
is_a: UBERON:0005077  ! neuropore
property_value: external_definition "Posterior site of neural tube closure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.378, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005073
name: preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000011  ! parasympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005074
name: postganglionic parasympathetic nervous system
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000011  ! parasympathetic nervous system
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005073 ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005075
name: forebrain-midbrain boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical boundary that adjacent_to a forebrain and adjacent_to a midbrain." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "forebrain midbrain boundary" EXACT [ZFA:0001367]
xref: TAO:0001367
xref: ZFA:0001367
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007288 ! presumptive forebrain midbrain boundary
intersection_of: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from forebrain midbrain boundary neural tube (TAO:0007040)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The boundary between the diencephalon and the mesencephalon.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005076
name: hindbrain-spinal cord boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical boundary that adjacent_to a hindbrain and adjacent_to a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005077
name: neuropore
namespace: uberon
def: "Joined neural folds at either end of the neural tube.[GO]." [GO:0021995]
xref: SCTID:360408007
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005078
name: lamina terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0021996]
xref: AAO:0000881
xref: BM:LT
xref: EHDAA2:0000903
xref: EMAPA:16649
xref: EMAPA:16904
xref: FMA:61975
xref: SCTID:361483008
xref: VHOG:0001547
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005070 ! anterior neuropore
property_value: external_definition "In those cases in which the interilial region is broadly expanded and the pubis is extremely reduced, the anterior margin of the ischium forms an expanded area.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005079
name: eggshell
namespace: uberon
def: "a product of the somatic follicle cell epithelium and a structure that supports the egg in a hostile environment, minimizing water loss whilst allowing gas exchanges essential for embryonic respiration[GO]." [GO:0030703, Wikipedia:Eggshell]
synonym: "egg shell" EXACT [BTO:0001716]
xref: BTO:0001716
xref: MESH:A13.316
xref: WBbt:0005843
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0007379 ! egg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005080
name: metanephric ureteric bud
namespace: uberon
def: "the portion of the ureteric bud tube that contributes to the morphogenesis of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0035502, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=36855&atid=440764]
is_a: UBERON:0000084  ! ureteric bud
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0000084  ! ureteric bud
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005081
name: ureter ureteric bud
namespace: uberon
def: "The portion of the ureteric bud that contributes to the morphogenesis of the ureter. The ureter ureteric bud is the initial structure that forms the ureter[GO]." [GO:0035503]
is_a: UBERON:0000084  ! ureteric bud
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0000084  ! ureteric bud
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005082
name: tube lumen
namespace: uberon
def: "A hole in a tube[GO]." [GO:0060609]
xref: AEO:0000078
xref: EHDAA2:0004618
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003078
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000025 ! tube
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0000025 ! tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005083
name: nipple sheath
namespace: uberon
def: "a circular ingrowth of the epidermis around the region of the mammary sprout[GO]." [GO:0060659]
is_a: UBERON:0001003  ! epidermis
is_a: UBERON:0008367  ! breast epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002030 ! nipple

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005085
name: ectodermal placode
namespace: uberon
def: "An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm[GO]" [GO:0060788]
comment: Homology: With the exception of the adenohypophysis, homologues of the nonneurogenic placodes (e.g. placodes giving rise to the teeth, hair follicles and lens), appear to be lacking in invertebrate chordates. Editor notes: consder adding placodal ectoderm as a distinct class? Also place placodal ectoderm as develops_from ectoderm // AO notes: in GO, covers optic, otic, olfactory, mammary, hair, tooth, sebaceous
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005087
name: tooth placode
namespace: uberon
def: "An tooth placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the tooth bud[GO]." [GO:0060790]
comment: Location notes: In mammals this may be located in the alveolar ridges, but note that some species such as zebrafish have ceratobranchial teeth. Sharks have dermal denticles that share developmental origins. Currently we don't include location information due to this diversity, but in future we may include specific subclasses and/or taxon GCIs.
synonym: "dental placode" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dental primordium" EXACT [ZFA:0001153]
synonym: "odontogenic placode" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tooth germ" RELATED [ZFA:0001153]
xref: BTO:0001511
xref: TAO:0001153
xref: ZFA:0001153
is_a: UBERON:0011814  ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0005085  ! ectodermal placode
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
property_value: external_definition "Placode that develops into a tooth. The placode is a thickening of the pharyngeal epithelium.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005090
name: muscle structure
namespace: uberon
def: "Muscle structures are contractile cells, tissues or organs that are found in multicellular organisms[GO]." [GO:0061061]
comment: Usage notes: in some organisms such as drosophila, muscles can be single cells. This class groups together all discrete muscle elements, from multicellular muscle organs in vertebrates, to individual single-cell muscles in drisophila
synonym: "muscle" RELATED []
synonym: "muscle element" RELATED []
xref: FBbt:00005073
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005091
name: left horn of sinus venosus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sinus venosus left horn" EXACT [VHOG:0000488]
xref: EHDAA2:0001840
xref: EHDAA:482
xref: EMAPA:16238
xref: FMA:70321
xref: VHOG:0000488
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002063 ! sinus venosus
property_value: homology_notes "Three major adaptations, or 'novel cardiac components', that were not present in the ancestor chordate heart tube can be distinguished in the lower vertebrate heart: the atrium, ventricle, and possibly the muscular sinus venosus.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005092
name: right horn of sinus venosus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sinus venosus right horn" EXACT [VHOG:0000489]
xref: EHDAA2:0001841
xref: EHDAA:484
xref: EMAPA:16239
xref: FMA:70318
xref: VHOG:0000489
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002063 ! sinus venosus
property_value: homology_notes "Three major adaptations, or 'novel cardiac components', that were not present in the ancestor chordate heart tube can be distinguished in the lower vertebrate heart: the atrium, ventricle, and possibly the muscular sinus venosus.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005093
name: cement gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A simple mucus-secreting structure that is positioned at the front of the embryo, attaches the newly hatched embryo to a support before the hatchling can swim well or feed, and marks the anterior-most dorsal ectoderm[XAO]." [GO:0071570, XAO:0000033]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: AAO:0010373
xref: BTO:0002738
xref: XAO:0000033
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
property_value: external_definition "A simple mucus-secreting structure that is positioned at the front of the embryo, attaches the newly hatched embryo to a support before the hatchling can swim well or feed, and marks the anterior-most dorsal ectoderm.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005094
name: beak
namespace: uberon
def: "The avian beak is an external anatomical structure, in the head region, that is adapted for feeding self and young, catching prey, probing, etc. It encompasses, but is not restricted to, the maxilla, mandible, maxillary ramaphotheca, mandibular ramaphotheca, nostril, nasal fossa, nasal bones, egg tooth and rictus[GO]. The beak, bill or rostrum is an external anatomical structure of birds which is used for eating and for grooming, manipulating objects, killing prey, probing for food, courtship and feeding young. The term beak is also used to refer to a similar mouthpart in some Ornithischian dinosaurs, monotremes, cephalopods, cetaceans, pufferfishes, turtles, Anuran tadpoles and sirens[WP]." [GO:0071728, Wikipedia:Beak]
comment: TODO - add superclass
synonym: "avian beak" EXACT []
synonym: "bill" RELATED []
synonym: "rostrum" RELATED []
xref: MESH:A13.114
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005095
name: kidney rudiment
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0072003]
comment: Editor notes: class added for consistency with GO - consider merging with kidney mesenchyme.
synonym: "kidney anlage" RELATED [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007687 ! kidney field
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005096
name: descending thin limb
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005165
def: "The descending thin limb is a part of the loop of Henle situated just after the proximal straight tubule (S3). It extends to the tip of the loop of Henle[GO]." [GO:0072022, Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "descending limb of henle%27s loop" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]
synonym: "descending limb of loop of henle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]
synonym: "descending thin limb of loop of Henle" EXACT []
synonym: "loop of Henle descending thin limb" EXACT []
synonym: "loop of henle thin descending limb" EXACT [MA:0002625]
synonym: "pars descendens (tubulus attenuatus)" EXACT [FMA:17719]
synonym: "thin descending limb" EXACT []
synonym: "thin descending limb of loop of henle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]
synonym: "thin descending limb of the loop of henle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]
synonym: "thin descending loop of henle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]
xref: EMAPA:28325
xref: EMAPA:28355
xref: EMAPA:29681
xref: FMA:17719
xref: MA:0002625
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004136 ! intermediate tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005097
name: renal connecting tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct[GO]." [GO:0072027, Wikipedia:Connecting_tubule]
synonym: "connecting tubule" EXACT [MA:0002610]
synonym: "kidney connecting tubule" EXACT [MA:0002610]
synonym: "tubulus renalis arcuatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Connecting_tubule]
xref: BTO:0004539
xref: EMAPA:27758
xref: EMAPA:27790
xref: EMAPA:27865
xref: EMAPA:28011
xref: MA:0002610
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005099
name: short descending thin limb
namespace: uberon
def: "The short descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a short nephron that has a squamous epithelial morphology[GO]." [GO:0072063]
comment: TODO - epithelium types
is_a: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005100
name: long descending thin limb
namespace: uberon
def: "The long descending limb starts in the inner stripe of the outer medulla and extends into the inner medulla[GO]." [GO:0072064]
is_a: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005101
name: early distal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The early distal convoluted tubule contains DCT cells and is vasopressin-insensitive[GO]." [GO:0072067]
xref: EMAPA:28393
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0008408  ! distal tubular epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005102
name: late distal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The late distal convoluted tubule contains DCT cells and intercalated (IC) alpha and beta cells and is vasopressin-sensitive[GO]." [GO:0072068]
comment: TODO - CL
xref: EMAPA:28393
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0008408  ! distal tubular epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005103
name: mesonephric epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a mesonephros [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004819  ! kidney epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005104
name: anterior mesonephric tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0072165]
synonym: "cranial mesonephric tubule" EXACT [EMAPA:30562]
xref: EMAPA:30562
xref: EMAPA:30576
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005105
name: posterior mesonephric tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0072166]
synonym: "caudal mesonephric tubule" EXACT [EMAPA:30574]
xref: EMAPA:30571
xref: EMAPA:30574
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005106
name: metanephric tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A metanephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072173]
xref: VHOG:0001526
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005108  ! metanephric epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
property_value: homology_notes "The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005107
name: metanephric cap
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric cap is formed by the condensation of metanephric mesenchymal cells surrounding the ureteric bud tip[GO]. Mesenchyme closely apposed to the tips of the buds is called cap mesenchyme; it will later go on to form nephrons etc[GUDMAP]." [GO:0072185, http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
comment: TODO - check EMAPA
synonym: "cap mesenchyme" EXACT [EMAPA:27621]
xref: EMAPA:27621
xref: MA:0002997
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005108
name: metanephric epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure[GO]." [GO:0072207]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004819  ! kidney epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005109
name: metanephric smooth muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Any smooth muscle tissue that is part of a metanephros." [GO:0072208, UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005110
name: metanephric nephron
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005142
def: "A metanephric nephron is the functional unit of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072273]
xref: VHOG:0000719
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001285  ! nephron
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0001285  ! nephron
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
property_value: homology_notes "The primitive form of the vertebrate nephron consists of a vascular filtration surface overlain with podocytes, a specialized coelomic cavity to receive the ultrafiltrate, and a tubule for modification to final urine. Although previously thought to be unique to the vertebrates, this design is now known to be widespread among invertebrates, including most of the protochordates, and especially their larvae.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005111
name: metanephric pyramid
namespace: uberon
def: "Metanephric pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a metanephros; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts[GO]." [GO:0072211]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004200  ! kidney pyramid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0004200  ! kidney pyramid
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005113
name: metanephric cortex mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001140
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010531 ! metanephros induced blastemal cells

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005115
name: metanephric cortical collecting duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric cortical collecting duct is the portion of the metanephric collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex[GO]." [GO:0072219]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004203  ! cortical collecting duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004737 ! metanephric collecting duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010533 ! metanephros cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0004203  ! cortical collecting duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005116
name: metanephric descending thin limb
namespace: uberon
def: "It extends to the tip of the metanephric loop of Henle[GO]." [GO:0072220]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005096  ! descending thin limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005130 ! metanephric loop of Henle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005096  ! descending thin limb
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005117
name: metanephric distal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric distal convoluted tubule is a portion of the metanephric nephron tubule that connects the metanephric loop of Henle to the collecting duct[GO]." [GO:0072221]
xref: VHOG:0001569
is_a: UBERON:0001292  ! distal convoluted tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005129  ! metanephric distal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010533 ! metanephros cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0001292  ! distal convoluted tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005118
name: metanephric early distal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric early distal convoluted tubule contains metanephric DCT cells and is vasopressin-insensitive[GO]." [GO:0072222]
is_a: UBERON:0005101  ! early distal convoluted tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005134  ! metanephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005117 ! metanephric distal convoluted tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005129 ! metanephric distal tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0005101  ! early distal convoluted tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005119
name: metanephric glomerular mesangium
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the metanephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0072223]
is_a: UBERON:0002320  ! glomerular mesangium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005133 ! metanephric glomerulus vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0002320  ! glomerular mesangium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005120
name: metanephric late distal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric late distal convoluted tubule contains metanephric DCT cells and intercalated (IC) alpha and beta cells and is vasopressin-sensitive[GO]." [GO:0072225]
is_a: UBERON:0005102  ! late distal convoluted tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005134  ! metanephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005117 ! metanephric distal convoluted tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005129 ! metanephric distal tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0005102  ! late distal convoluted tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005121
name: metanephric long descending thin limb bend
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072226]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004206  ! long descending thin limb bend
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0004206  ! long descending thin limb bend
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005122
name: metanephric macula densa
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the metanephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0072227]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002335  ! macula densa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004738 ! metanephric juxtaglomerular apparatus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002335  ! macula densa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005123
name: metanephric prebend segment
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric prebend segment is a part of the metanephric descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits permeabilities characteristic of the ascending limb, especially negligible water permeability[GO]." [GO:0072228]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004207  ! prebend segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005116 ! metanephric descending thin limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0004207  ! prebend segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005124
name: metanephric proximal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the metanephric proximal tubule and extends from the metanephric glomerular capsule to the metanephric proximal straight tubule[GO]." [GO:0072229]
xref: VHOG:0001570
is_a: UBERON:0001287  ! proximal convoluted tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005151  ! metanephric proximal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010533 ! metanephros cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0001287  ! proximal convoluted tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005125
name: metanephric proximal straight tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric proximal straight tubule is the part of the metanephric descending limb that extends from the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule to the metanephric descending thin tubule[GO]." [GO:0072230]
comment: todo - place mammalian xrefs here rather than at parent
is_a: UBERON:0001290  ! proximal straight tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005146  ! metanephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005151 ! metanephric proximal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010533 ! metanephros cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0001290  ! proximal straight tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005126
name: metanephric S1
namespace: uberon
def: "The S1 portion is the initial portion of the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule and is responsible for avid reabsorption of water and solutes[GO]." [GO:0072231]
is_a: UBERON:0004196  ! proximal convoluted tubule segment 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005124 ! metanephric proximal convoluted tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0004196  ! proximal convoluted tubule segment 1
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005127
name: metanephric thick ascending limb
namespace: uberon
def: "At the macula densa, the thick ascending limb connects to the distal convoluted tubule[GO]." [GO:0072233]
is_a: UBERON:0001291  ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
is_a: UBERON:0005129  ! metanephric distal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0001291  ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005129
name: metanephric distal tubule
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005150
def: "The metanephric distal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that begins at the metanephric macula densa and extends to the metanephric connecting tubule[GO]." [GO:0072235]
is_a: UBERON:0004135  ! distal tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005146  ! metanephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004135  ! distal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005130
name: metanephric loop of Henle
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric loop of Henle is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072236]
is_a: UBERON:0001288  ! loop of Henle
is_a: UBERON:0005146  ! metanephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004136 ! intermediate tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0001288  ! loop of Henle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005132
name: metanephric long nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "Long nephrons are associated with juxtamedullary glomeruli and extend into the inner medulla in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072238]
is_a: UBERON:0004194  ! long nephron
is_a: UBERON:0005110  ! metanephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0004194  ! long nephron
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005133
name: metanephric glomerulus vasculature
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005143
def: "The metanephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the metanephric glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0072239]
is_a: UBERON:0004190  ! glomerulus vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004736 ! metanephric glomerulus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004190  ! glomerulus vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005134
name: metanephric nephron epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072243]
is_a: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005108  ! metanephric epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001285 ! nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005135
name: metanephric glomerular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072244]
is_a: UBERON:0004188  ! glomerular epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005134  ! metanephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004736 ! metanephric glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004188  ! glomerular epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005136
name: metanephric glomerular endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072264]
is_a: UBERON:0004189  ! glomerular endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0005135  ! metanephric glomerular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004736 ! metanephric glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005133 ! metanephric glomerulus vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0004189  ! glomerular endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005137
name: metanephric capsule
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005112
def: "The metanephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the metanephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage[GO]." [GO:0072213]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002015  ! kidney capsule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0002015  ! kidney capsule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005139
name: metanephric long descending thin limb
namespace: uberon
def: "The long descending limb starts in the inner stripe of the outer medulla and extends into the inner medulla[GO]." [GO:0072269]
is_a: UBERON:0005100  ! long descending thin limb
is_a: UBERON:0005134  ! metanephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0005100  ! long descending thin limb
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005140
name: metanephric short nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "Short nephrons are associated with mid-cortical and superficial glomeruli, are situated entirely in the outer medulla, and have no thin ascending limb[GO]." [GO:0072270]
is_a: UBERON:0004195  ! short nephron
is_a: UBERON:0005110  ! metanephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0004195  ! short nephron
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005141
name: metanephric short descending thin limb
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric short descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a short nephron in the metanephros that has a squamous epithelial morphology[GO]." [GO:0072271]
is_a: UBERON:0005099  ! short descending thin limb
is_a: UBERON:0005134  ! metanephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0005099  ! short descending thin limb
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005144
name: metanephric glomerular capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts[GO]." [GO:0072277]
is_a: UBERON:0004212  ! glomerular capillary
is_a: UBERON:0005135  ! metanephric glomerular epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005146  ! metanephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004736 ! metanephric glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004212  ! glomerular capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005145
name: metanephric comma-shaped body
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the metanephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072278]
is_a: UBERON:0004198  ! comma-shaped body
is_a: UBERON:0005146  ! metanephric nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0010535  ! primitive metanephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0004198  ! comma-shaped body
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005146
name: metanephric nephron tubule
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005128
alt_id: UBERON:0005152
def: "A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephric nephron, the functional part of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072282]
is_a: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005106  ! metanephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005134  ! metanephric nephron epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005147
name: metanephric renal vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the metanephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells[GO]." [GO:0072283]
synonym: "metanephric vesicle" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001245
xref: EHDAA:9346
xref: EMAPA:27678
xref: EMAPA:27829
is_a: UBERON:0004209  ! renal vesicle
is_a: UBERON:0005134  ! metanephric nephron epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005113 ! metanephric cortex mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004209  ! renal vesicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005148
name: metanephric S-shaped body
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric S-shaped body is the successor of the metanephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072284]
is_a: UBERON:0005146  ! metanephric nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005330  ! mesonephric nephron epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005332  ! mesonephric S-shaped body
is_a: UBERON:0010535  ! primitive metanephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004199  ! S-shaped body
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005149
name: metanephric connecting tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the metanephric nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072286]
is_a: UBERON:0005097  ! renal connecting tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005146  ! metanephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0005097  ! renal connecting tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005151
name: metanephric proximal tubule
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005131
def: "The metanephric proximal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle in the metanephros. It has a brush border epithelial morphology[GO]." [GO:0072288]
is_a: UBERON:0004134  ! proximal tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005146  ! metanephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010533 ! metanephros cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0004134  ! proximal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005153
name: epithelial bud
namespace: uberon
def: "A bud is a protrusion that forms from an epithelial sheet by localized folding." [GO:0060572]
xref: BTO:0001639
is_a: UBERON:0005157  ! epithelial fold

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005154
name: epithelial cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A cord of epithelial cells without a lumen and usually several cells thick." [AEO:0000216]
xref: AEO:0000216
xref: EHDAA2:0004052
is_a: UBERON:0000486  ! multilaminar epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005156
name: reproductive structure
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that is part of the reproductive system." [GOC:cjm]
synonym: "reproductive system structure" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005157
name: epithelial fold
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelial sheet bent on a linear axis." [GO:0060571]
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005158
name: parenchyma of central nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a central nervous system [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "CNS parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "central nervous system parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parenchyma of CNS" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parenchyma of central nervous system" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005159
name: pyramid of medulla oblongata
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior or ventral portion of the medulla oblongata is named the pyramid and lies between the anterior median fissure and the antero-lateral sulcus. Its upper end is slightly constricted, and between it and the pons the fibers of the abducent nerve emerge; a little below the pons it becomes enlarged and prominent, and finally tapers into the anterior funiculus of the medulla spinalis, with which, at first sight, it appears to be directly continuous[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pyramid_(brainstem)]
synonym: "lobule VIII of Larsell" EXACT [FMA:75254]
synonym: "medullary pyramid" EXACT [FMA:75254]
synonym: "pyramid of medulla" EXACT [FMA:75254]
synonym: "pyramid of medulla oblongata" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pyramid_(brainstem)]
xref: BM:Me-Py
xref: FMA:75254
xref: SCTID:9535007
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005160
name: vestigial structure
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005162
name: multi cell component structure
namespace: uberon
def: "A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part." [CARO:0001000]
comment: AO notes: we go with the FMA classification rather than the CARO one. FMA def: \"Anatomical cluster which has as direct parts cell parts from two or more cells.\"
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "cell part cluster" RELATED [FMA:83115]
synonym: "multi-cell-component structure" EXACT [CARO:0001000]
xref: AAO:0011000
xref: CARO:0001000
xref: FBbt:00007060
xref: FMA:83115
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005164
name: ascending limb of loop of Henle
namespace: uberon
def: "the distal part of the loop of Henle that is impermeable to water and actively pumps sodium out of the filtrate to generate the hypertonic interstitium that drives countercurrent exchange; it consists of an initial very thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium followed by a distal thick segment lined by simple cuboidal epithelium[MP]." [MP:0011342, Wikipedia:Ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]
comment: TODO: thick/thin check. Also relationship to distal tubule. We need a home for MA:0002634-renal straight tubule
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "ascending limb" BROAD []
synonym: "ascending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT []
synonym: "distal straight tubule" RELATED []
synonym: "loop of Henle ascending limb" EXACT [MP:0011342]
xref: FMA:17717
xref: MA:0001676
xref: SCTID:245434005
xref: UMLS:C0227658
xref: ncithesaurus:Ascending_Limb_of_the_Henle_s_Loop
is_a: UBERON:0004135  ! distal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005167
name: papillary duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The terminal portions of the medullary collecting ducts are the papillary ducts, which end at the renal papilla and empty into a minor calyx." [Encyclopedia:http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/]
synonym: "Bellini's duct" RELATED [MP:0011331]
synonym: "duct of Bellini" RELATED []
synonym: "papillary duct of kidney" EXACT [SCTID:110623009]
xref: BTO:0004540
xref: MA:0001646
xref: SCTID:110623009
is_a: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005168
name: interlobular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The venae stellatae join to form the interlobular veins, which pass inward between the rays, receive branches from the plexuses around the convoluted tubules, and, having arrived at the bases of the renal pyramids, join with the venae rectae" [Wikipedia:Interlobular_veins]
synonym: "interlobular veins of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71634]
synonym: "set of interlobular veins of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71634]
synonym: "venae interlobulares renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71634, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Interlobular_veins]
xref: EMAPA:28218
xref: FMA:71634
xref: MA:0002594
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png
is_a: UBERON:0005269  ! renal cortex vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
disjoint_from: UBERON:0009887  ! interlobar vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005169
name: interstitial tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "connective tissue between the cellular elements of a structure." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tissue]
comment: Editors note: specify differentia from stroma
synonym: "interstitium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:86301
xref: SCTID:85293002
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
property_value: has_relational_adjective "interstital" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005170
name: ovary stratum granulosum
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "granulosa cell layer" RELATED [TAO:0001112]
synonym: "granulosa cell layer of ovarian follicle" EXACT [FMA:18660]
synonym: "membrana granulosa of ovarian follicle" EXACT [FMA:18660]
synonym: "stratum granulosum of ovarian follicle" EXACT [FMA:18660]
xref: EFO:0003628
xref: FMA:18660
xref: MA:0001460
xref: SCTID:258971005
xref: TAO:0001112
xref: ZFA:0001112
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005171
name: hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The hepatic duct is the duct that leads from the liver to the bile duct[GO]. A duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine[ZFA]." [GO:0061011]
comment: TODO - MA distinguishes between bile duct, hepatic duct, common bile duct and common hepatic duct. in FMA hepatic duct and common hepatic duct are the same
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: EHDAA2:0000741
xref: EHDAA:3049
xref: EMAPA:16843
xref: EMAPA:18672
xref: MA:0000357
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWo8WJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:245399002
xref: TAO:0001100
xref: UMLS:C0917710
xref: VHOG:0000219
xref: ZFA:0001100
xref: galen:HepaticDuct
xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Duct
is_a: UBERON:0002394  ! bile duct
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002107 ! liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree
property_value: external_definition "A duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The excretory duct of the liver or one of its branches in the lobes of the liver. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005172
name: abdomen organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
xref: MA:0000522
xref: SCTID:272631008
is_a: UBERON:0005173  ! abdominal segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005173
name: abdominal segment organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of a abdominal segment of trunk." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Includes abdomen organ and pelvis organ
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
xref: MA:0000529
is_a: UBERON:0005177  ! trunk organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005174
name: back organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: MA:0001901
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005175
name: chest organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: MA:0000552
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005176
name: tooth enamel organ
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Enamel_organ, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3556489&group_id=76834&atid=994726]
comment: Editor notes: some sources treat the dental organ as epithelium - we treat it as the mereological sum of dentail epithelium plus dental papilla (consistent with treatment in many AOs), but this may be revised.Development notes: NOT develeops_from NC[UBERONREF:0000002]. Alternate definitioon: A cellular aggregation seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. It lies above a condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called the odontogenic papilla. Historically, enamel organ has been the term to describe this structure, but it was attempted unsuccessfully in recent years to change the name to dental organ in order to better represent its multiple functions apart from enamel formation[WP]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dental organ" EXACT [ZFA:0005138]
synonym: "enamel organ" EXACT [MP:0010747]
synonym: "odontogenic organ" RELATED []
synonym: "organum enameleum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Enamel_organ]
xref: BTO:0001722
xref: MA:0001604
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.720.265
xref: SCTID:362863002
xref: TAO:0005138
xref: ZFA:0005138
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005087 ! tooth placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
property_value: external_definition "A structure that is involved in tooth formation.  A bell shape two layer  epithelial structure that descends toward the ceratobranchial 5 bone, enclosing the dental mesenchyme.  At later times in tooth development the cells at the apex of the bell may be involved in enameloid formation.  This structure remains at the base of the erupted tooth and is the source of replacement teeth.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005177
name: trunk organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: MA:0000516
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005178
name: thoracic cavity organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
xref: MA:0000557
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005179
name: pelvis organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of the pelvic region[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: MA:0000543
is_a: UBERON:0005173  ! abdominal segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005180
name: obsolete lymph organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of a lymph [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005181
name: thoracic segment organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of a thoracic segment of trunk." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "upper body organ" RELATED [MA:0000563]
xref: MA:0000563
is_a: UBERON:0005177  ! trunk organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005185
name: renal medulla collecting duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a renal medulla [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002935]
synonym: "medullary collecting duct" EXACT [EMAPA:28061]
xref: EMAPA:28061
xref: MA:0002935
is_a: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla
intersection_of: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005186
name: outer renal medulla collecting duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney outer medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002599]
xref: MA:0002599
is_a: UBERON:0005185  ! renal medulla collecting duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005188
name: obsolete caput epididymis
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0004358  ! caput epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005189
name: obsolete corpus epididymis
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0004359  ! corpus epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005190
name: obsolete cauda epididymis
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0004360  ! cauda epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005191
name: obsolete cervical artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An artery that is part of a uterine cervix [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005193
name: ethmoidal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of: anterior or posterior ethmoidal arteries." [Wikipedia:Ethmoidal_arteries]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "ethmoid artery" EXACT []
xref: MA:0001949
xref: SCTID:244222007
xref: UMLS:C0226184
xref: ncithesaurus:Ethmoidal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001619 ! ophthalmic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
union_of: UBERON:0012318  ! anterior ethmoidal artery
union_of: UBERON:0012319  ! posterior ethmoidal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005194
name: thoracic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002235
xref: SCTID:281472008
xref: UMLS:C0226629
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003834  ! thoracic segment blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005195
name: deferent duct vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that is part of a vas deferens [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002100
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0004806  ! vas deferens epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005196
name: spleen germinal center
namespace: uberon
def: "A germinal center that is part of the spleen. The spleen germinal center is located in a secondary B follicle in the white pulp of the spleen." [CL:tm, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/6]
synonym: "germinal center of spleen" EXACT []
synonym: "spleen GC" EXACT [MP:0008474]
synonym: "spleen follicle center" EXACT [MP:0008474]
synonym: "splenic germinal center" EXACT [MP:0008474]
xref: MA:0000764
xref: UMLS:C1710156
xref: ncithesaurus:Spleen_Germinal_Center
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010754  ! germinal center
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004042 ! spleen secondary B follicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0010754  ! germinal center
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005197
name: segmental spinal nerve
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check
synonym: "cervical segmental spinal nerves C1-7" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001822]
xref: EHDAA2:0001822
xref: EHDAA:3778
xref: EMAPA:16990
xref: EMAPA:25149
xref: MA:0000234
xref: VHOG:0000920
is_a: UBERON:0001780  ! spinal nerve
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001806 ! sympathetic ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005198
name: obsolete coat hair bulb
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005201
name: obsolete cervical trunk
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: was obsolete as it was defined incorrectly. See Fig97 of The Anatomy of the Laboratory Mouse. May be included in future versions of this ontology that include more detailed relationships and comparisons of the arterial system
xref: http://www.informatics.jax.org/cookbook/figures/figure97.shtml

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005202
name: distal straight tubule macula densa
namespace: uberon
def: "A macula densa that is part of an ascending limb of loop of Henle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - unify terminology - check DST = TAL? Note EMAPA class appears to refer to this segment
xref: EMAPA:28399
xref: MA:0002604
is_a: UBERON:0002335  ! macula densa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001291 ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006853 ! renal cortex tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0002335  ! macula densa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001291 ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005203
name: trachea gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a submucosa of trachea [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "glandula trachealis" EXACT [FMA:7473]
synonym: "tracheal gland" EXACT [FMA:7473]
synonym: "tubular seromucous gland of trachea" RELATED [FMA:7473]
xref: FMA:7473
xref: MA:0002937
xref: SCTID:197423006
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002202 ! submucosa of trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002202 ! submucosa of trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005204
name: larynx submucosa gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a larynx submucosa [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: MA:0002729
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004778 ! larynx submucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004778 ! larynx submucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005205
name: vagina stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "A stroma that is part of a vagina." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002737
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
intersection_of: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005206
name: choroid plexus stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "A stroma that is part of a choroid plexus [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000825
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus
intersection_of: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005207
name: tonsil capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "A capsule that is part of a tonsil [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000776
is_a: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil
intersection_of: UBERON:0003893  ! capsule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005208
name: right atrium valve
namespace: uberon
def: "A valve that is part of a right atrium [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right atrium valves" RELATED PLURAL [EHDAA2:0000302]
synonym: "valve of right atrium" EXACT [EMAPA:17327]
xref: EHDAA2:0000302
xref: EMAPA:17327
xref: MA:0001871
is_a: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005211
name: renal medulla interstitium
namespace: uberon
def: "tissue surrounding the loop of Henle in the renal medulla.." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovaryry_interstitium]
comment: Function notes: It functions in renal water reabsorption by building up a high hypertonicity, which draws water out of the thin descending limb of the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system. This hypertonicity, in turn, is created by an efflux of urea from the inner medullary collecting duct.
synonym: "kidney medulla interstitium" EXACT [MA:0002619]
synonym: "renal medullary interstitium" EXACT [EMAPA:18326]
xref: EMAPA:18326
xref: MA:0002619
is_a: UBERON:0005215  ! kidney interstitium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005215 ! kidney interstitium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005169  ! interstitial tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005212
name: testis interstitial tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS.." [MESH:A05.360.444.849]
synonym: "interstitium of testis" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "interstitium of the testis" EXACT [EMAPA:18687]
synonym: "testis - interstitial" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "testis interstitium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EMAPA:18687
xref: MA:0002713
xref: SCTID:362280005
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005169  ! interstitial tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis
intersection_of: UBERON:0005169  ! interstitial tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005213
name: outer renal medulla interstitium
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of interstitial tissue that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney outer medulla interstitium" EXACT [MA:0002621]
synonym: "outer medullary interstitium" EXACT [EMAPA:28337]
xref: EMAPA:28337
xref: MA:0002621
is_a: UBERON:0005211  ! renal medulla interstitium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005211 ! renal medulla interstitium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005169  ! interstitial tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005215
name: kidney interstitium
namespace: uberon
def: "The interstitium of the kidney comprises the extravascular intertubular spaces of the renal parenchyma, with their attendant cellular elements and extracellular substances. As we define it here, the interstitium is bounded on all sides by tubular and vascular basement membranes." [doi:10.1038/ki.1991.49]
synonym: "renal interstitium" EXACT [FMA:70983]
synonym: "renal stroma" EXACT [FMA:70983]
synonym: "stroma of kidney" EXACT [FMA:70983]
xref: EMAPA:27690
xref: FMA:70983
xref: MA:0002616
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005169  ! interstitial tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0005169  ! interstitial tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005216
name: optic eminence surface ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An external ectoderm that is part of a optic eminence [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:16539
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001311
xref: VHOG:0000520
is_a: UBERON:0000076  ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005234 ! optic eminence ectoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000076  ! external ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005220
name: pancreas head parenchyma
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a head of pancreas [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: VHOG:0000838
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001069 ! head of pancreas
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001069 ! head of pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005221
name: liver right lobe parenchyma
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a right lobe of liver [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parenchyma of right lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:71657]
xref: EHDAA2:0001010
xref: EMAPA:18317
xref: FMA:71657
xref: VHOG:0000840
is_a: UBERON:0001280  ! liver parenchyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005222
name: liver left lobe parenchyma
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a left lobe of liver [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parenchyma of left lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:71658]
xref: EHDAA2:0001002
xref: EMAPA:18310
xref: FMA:71658
xref: VHOG:0000839
is_a: UBERON:0001280  ! liver parenchyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005223
name: pancreas body parenchyma
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a body of pancreas [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001370
xref: VHOG:0000837
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001150 ! body of pancreas
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001150 ! body of pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005224
name: pancreas tail parenchyma
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a tail of pancreas [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001392
xref: VHOG:0000469
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001151 ! tail of pancreas
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001151 ! tail of pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005225
name: upper leg epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002131
xref: EMAPA:17500
xref: VHOG:0001041
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003371 ! pelvic appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005226
name: pedal digit epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe epithelium" EXACT []
xref: VHOG:0001031
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003248 ! epithelium of footplate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005227
name: manual digit epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "fore limb digit epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000406
xref: VHOG:0001032
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010332 ! epithelium of handplate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005228
name: upper arm epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002113
xref: EMAPA:17425
xref: VHOG:0000990
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005229
name: lower leg epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001031
xref: EMAPA:17497
xref: VHOG:0001050
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003371 ! pelvic appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005230
name: obsolete fundus epithelium
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: obsoleted due to confusion between ocular fundus and other types of fundus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005233
name: medial-nasal process ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An ectoderm that is part of a medial nasal prominence [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001078
xref: EMAPA:16809
xref: VHOG:0000803
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence
intersection_of: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005234
name: optic eminence ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An ectoderm that is part of a optic eminence [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:940
xref: EMAPA:16323
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001309
xref: VHOG:0001105
is_a: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence
intersection_of: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005236
name: osseus labyrinth vestibule
namespace: uberon
def: "A small, oval, bony chamber of the labyrinth. The vestibule contains the utricle and saccule, organs which are part of the balancing apparatus of the ear." [BTO:0003382, Wikipedia:Vestibule_of_the_ear]
synonym: "bony labyrinth vestibule" EXACT []
synonym: "inner ear vestibule" RELATED [BTO:0003382]
synonym: "inner ear vestibulum" EXACT [BTO:0003382]
synonym: "osseous labyrinth vestibule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vestibular apparatus" RELATED [GAID:881]
synonym: "vestibular part of bony labyrinth" RELATED [FMA:60183]
synonym: "vestibule" BROAD [MP:0000034, XAO:0000199]
synonym: "vestibule of bony labyrinth" EXACT [FMA:60183]
synonym: "vestibulum labyrinthi, vestibulum auris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibule_of_the_ear]
xref: AAO:0000984
xref: BTO:0003382
xref: EV:0100366
xref: FMA:60183
xref: GAID:881
xref: MA:0001185
xref: MESH:A09.246.631.909
xref: SCTID:181188003
xref: UMLS:C0458718
xref: VHOG:0001220
xref: XAO:0000199
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray919.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibule
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth
property_value: external_definition "A tube leading from the external naris to the nasal cavity.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The vestibule is the central part of the osseous labyrinth, and is situated medial to the tympanic cavity, behind the cochlea, and in front of the semicircular canals. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestibule_of_the_ear][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005239
name: basal plate metencephalon
namespace: uberon
synonym: "metencephalon basal plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001154]
xref: EHDAA2:0001154
xref: EMAPA:17078
xref: VHOG:0000320
is_a: UBERON:0004064  ! neural tube basal plate
property_value: external_definition "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the metencephalon. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005240
name: basal plate medulla oblongata
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medulla oblongata basal plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001093]
xref: EHDAA2:0001093
xref: EMAPA:17557
xref: VHOG:0000324
is_a: UBERON:0004064  ! neural tube basal plate
property_value: external_definition "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the medulla oblongata. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005241
name: obsolete apical ectodermal ridge forelimb
namespace: uberon
def: "A forelimb that is part of an apical ectodermal ridge [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005242
name: obsolete apical ectodermal ridge hindlimb
namespace: uberon
def: "A hindlimb that is part of an apical ectodermal ridge [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005243
name: interventricular septum endocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endocardium that is part of a interventricular septum [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - split?
synonym: "endocardium of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:83584]
synonym: "interventricular septum endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0000615]
xref: EHDAA2:0000886
xref: EHDAA2:0000887
xref: FMA:83584
xref: VHOG:0000615
is_a: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005244
name: lobar bronchus of right lung cranial lobe
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0012060
def: "." [Wikipedia:Eparterial_bronchus]
synonym: "eparterial bronchus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Eparterial_bronchus]
synonym: "lobar bronchus of cranial lobe" BROAD [EMAPA:17992]
synonym: "right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001752]
synonym: "right superior lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7397]
synonym: "right upper lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7397]
synonym: "right upper lobe bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7397]
xref: EHDAA2:0001752
xref: EMAPA:17992
xref: FMA:7397
xref: SCTID:181806003
xref: SCTID:361956001
xref: VHOG:0000240
is_a: UBERON:0003404  ! lobar bronchus of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005245
name: lobar bronchus of right lung caudal lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobar bronchus that is part of a lower lobe of right lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchus of caudal lobe" EXACT [EMAPA:17987]
xref: EHDAA2:0001744
xref: EMAPA:17987
xref: VHOG:0000250
is_a: UBERON:0003404  ! lobar bronchus of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005248
name: bulbus cordis myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "A myocardium that is part of a bulbus cordis [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bulbus cordis cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0000609]
xref: VHOG:0000609
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002349  ! myocardium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis
intersection_of: UBERON:0002349  ! myocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005249
name: metanephric renal pelvis
namespace: uberon
def: "A renal pelvis that is part of a metanephros." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metanephros pelvis" EXACT [VHOG:0000945]
xref: VHOG:0000945
is_a: UBERON:0001224  ! renal pelvis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0001224  ! renal pelvis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
property_value: homology_notes "The ureteric bud itself forms the collecting tubules and the ureter that drain the adult kidney. This type of kidney, called the metanephros, occurs in all adult amniotes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005250
name: stomatodeum gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a stomodeum." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "stomatodaeum gland" EXACT [VHOG:0000658]
xref: VHOG:0000658
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005251
name: yolk sac cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a yolk sac [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: In mammals, the yolk sac cavity contains fluid rather than platelets[Kardong] AO notes: in EHDAA2, there are separate primary and secondary yolk sac cavities
synonym: "cavity of yolk sac" EXACT [FMA:63942]
synonym: "yolk sac lumen" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:16055
xref: FMA:63942
xref: VHOG:0000843
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005252
name: omental bursa cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a lesser sac [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note EHDAA2
synonym: "cavity of lesser sac" EXACT [FMA:9702]
synonym: "cavity of omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:9702]
synonym: "cavity of omental bursa viewed anatomically" EXACT [FMA:9702]
synonym: "lesser peritoneal sac" EXACT [FMA:9702]
synonym: "lesser sac cavity" EXACT [FMA:9702]
xref: EHDAA2:0004558
xref: EMAPA:18461
xref: FMA:9702
xref: VHOG:0000827
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0005450 ! greater sac cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005253
name: head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing head, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to head connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with cranial neural crest cells." [ISBN:0683400088, MP:0011260]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cephalic mesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0011260]
xref: EFO:0003492
xref: EHDAA2:0000732
xref: EHDAA:179
xref: EMAPA:16098
xref: EMAPA:16269
xref: TAO:0000113
xref: VHOG:0000332
xref: ZFA:0000113
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm that will give rise, along with cranial neural crest cells, to connective tissue, bone and musculature in the head. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005254
name: upper leg mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002132
xref: EMAPA:17501
xref: VHOG:0000506
is_a: UBERON:0003860  ! hindlimb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005255
name: pedal digit mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: VHOG:0000463
is_a: UBERON:0003860  ! hindlimb mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
is_a: UBERON:0010702  ! digit mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003328 ! mesenchyme of footplate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005256
name: trunk mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a trunk." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: EFO:0003485
xref: EHDAA2:0002092
xref: EHDAA:377
xref: EMAPA:16177
xref: TAO:0000081
xref: VHOG:0000281
xref: ZFA:0000081
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005257
name: manual digit mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: In EHDAA2, the metacarpal cartilage condensation is considered part of the digits - it might be better to call the whole structure digital ray mesenchyme/condensation
synonym: "anterior limb digital ray mesenchyme" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "finger mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "fore limb digit mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "manual digital ray mesenchyme" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EHDAA2:0000407
xref: VHOG:0001416
is_a: UBERON:0003859  ! forelimb mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
is_a: UBERON:0010702  ! digit mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009523 ! mesenchyme of handplate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005258
name: upper arm mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002114
xref: EMAPA:17426
xref: VHOG:0000505
is_a: UBERON:0003859  ! forelimb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005259
name: lower leg mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001032
xref: EMAPA:17498
xref: VHOG:0000752
is_a: UBERON:0003860  ! hindlimb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005261
name: atrium cardiac jelly
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac jelly that is part of an atrium [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:16690
xref: EMAPA:16814
xref: EMAPA:16821
xref: VHOG:0000941
is_a: UBERON:0003906  ! cardiac jelly
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0003906  ! cardiac jelly
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
property_value: external_definition "Cardiac jelly that is part of the atrium. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005262
name: ventricle cardiac jelly
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac jelly that is part of a ventricle [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: VHOG:0000943
is_a: UBERON:0003906  ! cardiac jelly
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0003906  ! cardiac jelly
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
property_value: external_definition "Cardiac jelly that is part of the ventricle. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005263
name: outflow tract cardiac jelly
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac jelly that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001354
xref: EMAPA:16230
xref: EMAPA:16347
xref: VHOG:0000940
is_a: UBERON:0003906  ! cardiac jelly
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0003906  ! cardiac jelly
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
property_value: external_definition "Cardiac jelly that is part of the outflow tract. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005264
name: obsolete midbrain neural fold
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005265
name: obsolete hindbrain neural fold
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005266
name: obsolete spinal cord neural fold
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005267
name: renal cortex collecting duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a cortex of kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney cortex collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002600]
xref: MA:0002600
is_a: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005268
name: renal cortex artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Artery that supplies renal cortex." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney cortex artery" EXACT [MP:0011314]
synonym: "renal cortex arterial system" RELATED [MA:0002582]
synonym: "renal cortex artery" EXACT [MA:0002582]
xref: EMAPA:28035
xref: MA:0002582
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003644  ! kidney arterial blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005269
name: renal cortex vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Artery that receives blood from the renal cortex[MP, modified]" [MGI:csmith]
synonym: "kidney cortex vein" RELATED [MP:0011322]
synonym: "renal cortex venous system" RELATED [MA:0002592]
xref: EMAPA:28152
xref: MA:0002592
is_a: UBERON:0003517  ! kidney blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0013126  ! vein of abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005270
name: renal cortex interstitium
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of interstitial tissue that is part of a cortex of kidney [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cortical stroma" RELATED [EMAPA:28136]
synonym: "kidney cortex interstitium" EXACT [MA:0002608]
xref: EMAPA:28136
xref: MA:0002608
is_a: UBERON:0005215  ! kidney interstitium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005215 ! kidney interstitium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005169  ! interstitial tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005271
name: juxtamedullary cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "the part of the renal cortex nearest to the medulla." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/juxtamedullary+cortex]
synonym: "inner cortex of kidney" EXACT [FMA:74288]
synonym: "inner renal cortex" EXACT [KUPO:0001008]
synonym: "juxtamedullary cortex of kidney" EXACT [FMA:74288]
xref: FMA:74288
xref: KUPO:0001008
xref: MA:0001648
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005272
name: peritubular capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "In the renal system, peritubular capillaries are tiny blood vessels that travel alongside nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron. Ions and minerals that need to be saved in the body are reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries through active transport, secondary active transport, or transcytosis. The ions that need to be excreted as waste are secreted from the capillaries into the nephron to be sent towards the bladder and out of the body. The majority of exchange through the peritubular capillaries occurs because of chemical gradients, osmosis and Na+ pumps[WP]." [Wikipedia:Peritubular_capillaries]
xref: MA:0002588
is_a: UBERON:0003527  ! kidney capillary

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005273
name: nail bed
namespace: uberon
def: "Region of skin beneath the nail plate[WP]." [UBERON:gvg]
synonym: "nailbed" EXACT []
xref: EV:0100158
xref: MA:0002706
xref: SCTID:181578005
xref: VHOG:0001362
is_a: UBERON:0005275  ! dorsal skin of digit
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008198 ! nail plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004105 ! subungual region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005274
name: proximal nail bed
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002709
is_a: UBERON:0005275  ! dorsal skin of digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005275
name: dorsal skin of digit
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal digit skin" EXACT []
synonym: "skin of dorsal part of digit" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001419  ! skin of limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005276
name: dorsal skin of finger
namespace: uberon
def: "A dorsal skin of digit that is part of a manual digit." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: this class is explicitly the union of the two FMA classes
synonym: "dorsal finger skin" EXACT []
synonym: "skin of dorsal part of finger" EXACT [FMA:38320]
synonym: "subdivision of skin of dorsal part of finger" EXACT [FMA:60346]
xref: FMA:38320
xref: FMA:60346
is_a: UBERON:0003533  ! manual digit skin
is_a: UBERON:0005275  ! dorsal skin of digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0005275  ! dorsal skin of digit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005277
name: dorsal skin of toe
namespace: uberon
def: "A dorsal skin of digit that is part of a pedal digit." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: this class is explicitly the union of the two FMA classes
synonym: "dorsal toe skin" EXACT []
synonym: "skin of dorsal part of toe" EXACT [FMA:37868]
synonym: "subdivision of skin of dorsal part of toe" EXACT [FMA:60523]
xref: FMA:37868
xref: FMA:60523
is_a: UBERON:0003530  ! pedal digit skin
is_a: UBERON:0005275  ! dorsal skin of digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0005275  ! dorsal skin of digit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005278
name: nail bed of finger
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail bed that is part of a manual digit." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nail bed of finger" EXACT [FMA:60348]
xref: FMA:60348
xref: SCTID:244199003
is_a: UBERON:0005273  ! nail bed
is_a: UBERON:0005276  ! dorsal skin of finger
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0005273  ! nail bed
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005279
name: nail bed of toe
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail bed that is part of a pedal digit." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nail bed of toe" EXACT [FMA:60529]
xref: FMA:60529
xref: SCTID:244200000
is_a: UBERON:0005273  ! nail bed
is_a: UBERON:0005277  ! dorsal skin of toe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0005273  ! nail bed
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005280
name: obsolete head mesoderm
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0006904  ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
synonym: "cranial mesoderm" EXACT []

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005281
name: ventricular system of central nervous system
namespace: uberon
def: "a set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. It is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ventricular_system]
comment: todo - resolve space vs structure conflation. We follow FMA in making this and the various ventricles a structure - it follows from this that strutures such as the tela choroidea and choroid plexuses can be part of the ventricles and ventricular system. Note: see also the class 'neuraxis cavity'
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "CNS ventricular system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004362]
synonym: "ventricle system" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ventricular_system]
synonym: "ventricular system" EXACT [ZFA:0001261]
synonym: "ventricular system of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:242675]
synonym: "ventriculi cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventricular_system]
xref: EFO:0003650
xref: EHDAA2:0004362
xref: EV:0100306
xref: FMA:242675
xref: TAO:0001261
xref: ZFA:0001261
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005282
name: ventricular system of brain
namespace: uberon
synonym: "brain ventricular system" EXACT [VHOG:0000005]
xref: FMA:242787
xref: VHOG:0000005
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system
property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005283
name: tela choroidea
namespace: uberon
def: "A structure found in the walls of the ventricles of the brain, consisting of part of the meninges (pia mater in mammals) plus ependyma[cjm]." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea, http://isc.temple.edu/neuroanatomy/lab/embryo_new/choroid/]
comment: Vascularized tela choroidea is choroid plexus. AO notes: Note that the structure in ZFA may be different.
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "tela chorioidea" RELATED [FMA:242849]
xref: FMA:242849
xref: TAO:0000447
xref: ZFA:0000447
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0010743 ! meningeal cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is part of the primitive meninx which forms a fold, roofing a ventricle of the brain and supporting the choroid plexus[ZFA:0000447]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005284
name: brain vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "vasculature of brain" EXACT [FMA:242007]
xref: EFO:0003491
xref: FMA:242007
xref: TAO:0000099
xref: ZFA:0000099
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005286
name: tela choroidea of midbrain cerebral aqueduct
namespace: uberon
def: "Tela choroidea that lines the tectal ventricle." [ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "tela chorioidea tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005157]
synonym: "tela choroidea of cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "tela choroidea tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005157]
xref: TAO:0005157
xref: ZFA:0005157
is_a: UBERON:0005283  ! tela choroidea
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! midbrain cerebral aqueduct
intersection_of: UBERON:0005283  ! tela choroidea
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! midbrain cerebral aqueduct
property_value: external_definition "Tela chorioidea that lines the tectal ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005287
name: tela choroidea of fourth ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle[ZFA]. The tela chorioidea of the fourth ventricle is the name applied to the triangular fold of pia mater which is carried upward between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata. It consists of two layers, which are continuous with each other in front, and are more or less adherent throughout: The posterior layer covers the antero-inferior surface of the cerebellum. The anterior layer is applied to the structures which form the lower part of the roof of the ventricle, and is continuous inferiorly with the pia mater on the inferior peduncles and closed part of the medulla[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_fourth_ventricle, ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "choroid membrane" EXACT [FMA:78493]
synonym: "choroid membrane of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78493]
synonym: "tela chorioidea fourth ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "tela choroidea" BROAD [FMA:78493, FMA:TA]
synonym: "tela choroidea fourth ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "tela choroidea of fourth ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi quarti" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78493, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_fourth_ventricle]
xref: FMA:78493
xref: SCTID:362321009
xref: TAO:0005158
xref: ZFA:0005158
is_a: UBERON:0005283  ! tela choroidea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005283  ! tela choroidea
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle
property_value: external_definition "Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005288
name: tela choroidea of third ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Tela chorioidea that lines the third ventricle[ZFA]. The part of the choroid plexus in relation to the body of the ventricle forms the vascular fringed margin of a triangular process of pia mater, named the tela chorioidea of the third ventricle, and projects from under cover of the lateral edge of the fornix. Blood is supplied by branches from the superior cerebellar artery[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_third_ventricle, ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "choroid membrane of third ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78463]
synonym: "tela chorioidea of third ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "tela chorioidea third ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005159]
synonym: "tela choroidea third ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi tertii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78463, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_third_ventricle]
xref: FMA:78463
xref: SCTID:362320005
xref: TAO:0005159
xref: ZFA:0005159
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray723.png
is_a: UBERON:0005283  ! tela choroidea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005283  ! tela choroidea
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle
property_value: external_definition "Tela chorioidea that lines the third ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005289
name: tela choroidea of telencephalic ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Tela chorioidea that lines the telencephalic ventricle." [ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "tela chorioidea of lateral ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "tela chorioidea of telencephalic ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "tela chorioidea telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005160]
synonym: "tela choroidea of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83712]
synonym: "tela choroidea telencephalic ventricle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:83712
xref: SCTID:362319004
xref: TAO:0005160
xref: ZFA:0005160
is_a: UBERON:0005283  ! tela choroidea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005283  ! tela choroidea
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005290
name: myelencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior part of the developing vertebrate hindbrain or the corresponding part of the adult brain composed of the medulla oblongata and a portion of the fourth ventricle; as well as the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X), accessory nerve (CN XI), hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).[BTO,WP]." [BTO:0000758, Wikipedia:Myelencephalon]
comment: the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds - Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. Note that its not clear if this refers to the developing medulla oblongata - MA (adult) has two distinct classes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
xref: BTO:0000758
xref: EHDAA2:0001207
xref: EHDAA:5526
xref: EMAPA:17082
xref: MA:0000205
xref: VHOG:0000456
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0004733  ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010096 ! future myelencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: external_definition "The posterior of the two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo, it comprises the medulla oblongata. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005291
name: embryonic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of tissue that is part of an embryo." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "developing tissue" RELATED []
synonym: "portion of embryonic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005292
name: extraembryonic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "extra-embryonic tissue" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0003360
xref: EFO:0001406
xref: MAT:0000061
xref: MIAA:0000061
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure
relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure
intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005293
name: cerebellum lobe
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cerebellar lobe" EXACT [FMA:242392]
synonym: "lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:242392]
synonym: "lobe parts of the cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1076]
xref: FMA:242392
xref: MA:0002963
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1076
xref: SCTID:263971006
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005294
name: genital ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "The precursor to the gonads." [Wikipedia:Gonadal_ridge]
comment: TODO - check developmental relationships. merge with urogenital ridge?
synonym: "crista gonadalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gonadal_ridge]
synonym: "gonadal ridge" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gonadal_ridge]
xref: AAO:0011047
xref: EFO:0001414
xref: EHDAA2:0004044
xref: SCTID:361399001
xref: UMLS:C1512243
xref: XAO:0000018
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray1106.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray1106.png/200px-Gray1106.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gonadal_Ridge
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 ! urogenital ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004122 ! genitourinary system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005295
name: sex cord
namespace: uberon
def: "Cordlike masses of epithelial tissue that invaginate from germinal epithelium of the gonad and give rise to seminiferous tubules and rete testes in the male, and primary ovarian follicles and rete ovarii in the female." [Wikipedia:Sex_cords, http://www.answers.com/topic/sex-cord]
synonym: "gonad cord" RELATED []
synonym: "gonadal cord" RELATED []
synonym: "primitive sex cord" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0004051
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001523
xref: SCTID:343823004
xref: UMLS:C1512242
xref: ncithesaurus:Gonadal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005154  ! epithelial cord
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005294 ! genital ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005296
name: ovary sex cord
namespace: uberon
def: "structures that develop from sex cords in the female. After further development they become the ovarian follicles." [Wikipedia:Cortical_cords]
comment: TODO check secondary vs cortical vs ovary
synonym: "cortical cord" RELATED []
synonym: "cortical sex cord" RELATED []
synonym: "ovary primitive sex cord" RELATED []
synonym: "ovigerous cord" EXACT []
synonym: "ovigerous cords" EXACT PLURAL [VHOG:0001339]
synonym: "secondary cord" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0001363
xref: EHDAA:8130
xref: UMLS:C1511527
xref: VHOG:0001339
xref: ncithesaurus:Cortical_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0004911  ! epithelium of female gonad
is_a: UBERON:0005295  ! sex cord
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010141 ! primitive sex cord of indifferent gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0005295  ! sex cord
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005297
name: testis sex cord
namespace: uberon
def: "The testis cords are precursors to the rete testis. They play several different roles in the development of the male genitals[WP]." [Wikipedia:Testis_cords]
comment: check primary vs testis
synonym: "primary sex cord" RELATED []
synonym: "testis cord" EXACT [MP:0006424]
synonym: "testis primary sex cords" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002011]
synonym: "testis primitive sex cord" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0002011
xref: EHDAA:8152
xref: EMAPA:29098
xref: VHOG:0001321
is_a: UBERON:0004910  ! epithelium of male gonad
is_a: UBERON:0005295  ! sex cord
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010141 ! primitive sex cord of indifferent gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis
intersection_of: UBERON:0005295  ! sex cord
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005300
name: obsolete reproductive gland
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0003937  ! sex gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005303
name: hypogastric nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "the transition between the superior hypogastric plexus and the inferior hypogastric plexus." [Wikipedia:Hypogastric_nerve]
comment: check plexus vs nerve. WP indicates it is a 'transition'
synonym: "hypogastric nerve plexus" EXACT [MA:0001140]
synonym: "hypogastric plexus" EXACT [EMAPA:18225]
synonym: "nervus hypogastricus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypogastric_nerve]
xref: EMAPA:18225
xref: FMA:77596
xref: MA:0001140
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.400
xref: SCTID:181061006
xref: UMLS:C1711378
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray847.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray847.png/200px-Gray847.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hypogastric_Nerve_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005304
name: submucous nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The nerves of the small intestines are derived from the plexuses of parasympathetic nerves around the superior mesenteric artery. From this source they run to the myenteric plexus of nerves and ganglia situated between the circular muscular fibers and the mucosal cells. From this a secondary plexus, the plexus of the submucosa (Meissner's plexus, Submucous plexus, submucosal plexus) is derived, and it is formed by branches that have perforated the circular muscular fibers. This plexus lies in the submucous coat of the intestine; it also contains ganglia from which nerve fibers pass to the muscularis mucosae and to the mucous membrane. The nerve bundles of the submucous plexus are finer than those of the myenteric plexus. Its function is to innervate cells in the epithelial layer and the smooth muscle of the[WP]." [Wikipedia:Meissner's_plexus]
comment: AO notes: in FMA this is part of the esophagus, duodenum and intestine; this violates part-disjointness axioms in uberon
synonym: "Henle's plexus" RELATED [MA:0001149]
synonym: "Meissner's plexus" RELATED [HP:0002251, MA:0001149]
synonym: "meissner's plexus" RELATED [MA:0001149]
synonym: "submucosal nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:21542, Wikipedia:Meissner's_plexus]
xref: FMA:21542
xref: GAID:801
xref: MA:0001149
xref: MESH:A08.800.050.050.850
xref: SCTID:322349001
xref: UMLS:C0038564
xref: ncithesaurus:Submucous_Nerve_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0000429  ! enteric plexus
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001205 ! submucosa of small intestine
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001974 ! lamina propria of esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005305
name: thyroid follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Discrete, cystlike units of the thyroid gland that are lined with cuboidal epithelium and are filled with a colloid substance, about 30 to each lobule[BTO]." [BTO:0004708]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "thyroid gland follicle" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004708
xref: EMAPA:19307
xref: EMAPA:19308
xref: FMA:68805
xref: MA:0000726
xref: SCTID:176685006
xref: TAO:0001072
xref: UMLS:C0229577
xref: ZFA:0001072
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland_Follicle
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005306
name: blastema
namespace: uberon
def: "A blastema is a mass of cells capable of growth and regeneration into organs or body parts. Historically blastema have been thought to be composed of undifferentiated pluripotent cells, but recent research indicates that in some organisms blastema may retain memory of tissue origin.[1] Blastemata are typically found in the early stages of an organism's development such as in embryos, and in the regeneration of tissues, organs and bone[WP]. A regenerating tissue composed of a proliferative mass of undifferentiated progenitor cells from which new differentiated structures arise[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Blastema, ZFA:0001270, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061108-12]
comment: Note the ZFA class called 'blastema' belongs with the subclass, blastema of regenerating fin/limb
synonym: "blastemata" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "regeneration blastema" EXACT [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061108-12]
xref: BTO:0001638
xref: EFO:0003658
xref: TAO:0001270
xref: XAO:0004060
is_a: UBERON:0007567  ! regenerating anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005307
name: chorion-containing eggshell
namespace: uberon
def: "An eggshell that contains chorion. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GO:0007304]
is_a: UBERON:0005079  ! eggshell
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000920 ! egg chorion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005308
name: nephrostome
namespace: uberon
def: "The nephrostome is the opening of the pronephros into the body cavity[GO]." [GO:0039018]
xref: AAO:0011069
xref: XAO:0000062
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005309
name: pronephric nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "A pronephric nephron is the functional unit of the pronephros[GO]." [GO:0039019]
xref: AAO:0011091
xref: XAO:0000285
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001285  ! nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0001285  ! nephron
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
property_value: external_definition "The structure that is the basic functional unit of the pronephros.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005310
name: pronephric nephron tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephric nephron and connects the filtration unit (glomerulus or glomus) of the pronephros to the pronephric duct[GO]." [GO:0039020]
synonym: "pronephric tubule" EXACT [ZFA:0001558]
xref: TAO:0001558
xref: XAO:0004105
xref: ZFA:0001558
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:32524
property_value: external_definition "Bilaterally paired tubes connecting the pronephric glomeruli to the pronephric ducts. In zebrafish and other teleosts, the pronephric nephron and tubules form after the pronephric duct, connecting to the anterior-most tip of the pronephric ducts. Drummond, 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005311
name: mammary placode
namespace: uberon
def: "The mammary placode is a transient lens shaped structure that will give rise to the mammary bud proper[GO]." [GO:0060596]
comment: TODO develops_from
is_a: UBERON:0011814  ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008425 ! mammary ridge

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005312
name: primary ureteric bud
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0060682]
is_a: UBERON:0000084  ! ureteric bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005316
name: endocardial endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers[GO]." [GO:0061147]
synonym: "endocardium endothelium" EXACT [FMA:83596]
synonym: "endothelium of endocardium" EXACT [FMA:83596]
xref: FMA:83596
is_a: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0008307  ! heart endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005317
name: pulmonary artery endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An pulmonary artery endothelium is an epithelium that lines the pulmonary artery[GO]." [GO:0061155]
synonym: "pulmonary artery endothelial tube" EXACT [GO:0061155]
xref: BTO:0000137
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001917  ! endothelium of artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002012 ! pulmonary artery
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002012 ! pulmonary artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005319
name: mesonephric collecting duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The collecting duct is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder[GO]." [GO:0061211]
xref: AAO:0010390
xref: XAO:0000151
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0001232  ! collecting duct of renal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005320
name: mesonephric juxtaglomerular apparatus
namespace: uberon
def: "The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate[GO]." [GO:0061212]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002303  ! juxtaglomerular apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0002303  ! juxtaglomerular apparatus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005321
name: mesonephric smooth muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0061214]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005322
name: mesonephric nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney[GO]." [GO:0061215]
comment: TODO
synonym: "stage IV nephron" RELATED [ZFA:0005592]
xref: AAO:0010387
xref: XAO:0000292
xref: ZFA:0005592
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001285  ! nephron
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005323 ! mesonephric mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0001285  ! nephron
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
property_value: external_definition "The structure that is the basic functional unit of the kidney.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005323
name: mesonephric mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesonephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061219]
xref: AAO:0011062
xref: EHDAA2:0001132
xref: EMAPA:27585
xref: EMAPA:27661
xref: XAO:0000291
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005324
name: mesonephric macula densa
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the mesonephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0061220]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002335  ! macula densa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005320 ! mesonephric juxtaglomerular apparatus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002335  ! macula densa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005325
name: mesonephric glomerulus
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the mature vertebrate kidney, or mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061224]
comment: AN notes: XAO/AAO class belongs here, as it refers to mesonephric structure
synonym: "glomerulus" BROAD SENSU [AAO:0010388]
xref: AAO:0010388
xref: EMAPA:30568
xref: EMAPA:30580
xref: SCTID:362217000
xref: VHOG:0001238
xref: XAO:0000146
is_a: UBERON:0000074  ! renal glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0000074  ! renal glomerulus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
property_value: external_definition "A tuft of capillaries found in a Bowman's capsule in which waste products are filtered from the blood and urine formation is initiated.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In animals in which the mesonephros is the terminal kidney, such as amphibians and fish, the final organ is very complex, containing a large number of nephrons, most of which have an internal glomerulus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005326
name: mesonephric glomerulus vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the mesonephric glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0061231]
is_a: UBERON:0004190  ! glomerulus vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005325 ! mesonephric glomerulus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004190  ! glomerulus vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005327
name: mesonephric glomerular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061232]
is_a: UBERON:0004188  ! glomerular epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005330  ! mesonephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005325 ! mesonephric glomerulus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004188  ! glomerular epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005328
name: mesonephric comma-shaped body
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the mesonephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061236]
is_a: UBERON:0004198  ! comma-shaped body
is_a: UBERON:0005330  ! mesonephric nephron epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010534  ! primitive mesonephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0004198  ! comma-shaped body
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005329
name: mesonephric nephron tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephric nephron, the functional part of the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061240]
synonym: "mesonephric renal tubule" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005330  ! mesonephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005330
name: mesonephric nephron epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061241]
is_a: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005103  ! mesonephric epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005331
name: mesonephric renal vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the mesonephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells[GO]." [GO:0061243]
synonym: "mesonephric vesicle" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:361407006
xref: ZFA:0005586
is_a: UBERON:0004209  ! renal vesicle
is_a: UBERON:0005330  ! mesonephric nephron epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010534 ! primitive mesonephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004209  ! renal vesicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005332
name: mesonephric S-shaped body
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric S-shaped body is the successor of the mesonephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061244]
is_a: UBERON:0004199  ! S-shaped body
is_a: UBERON:0010534  ! primitive mesonephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0004199  ! S-shaped body
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005333
name: mammary bud
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004181
def: "Mammary gland buds form by an outpocketing of the mammary placodes and grow to invade the mammary fat, when they form the mammary cord[GO]. produced along the length of the embryonic mammary ridge these buds represent the future locations of the mammary glands. Invagination of ectoderm at each bud leads to the development of epithelial diverticula, later maturing as lactiferous ducts[TFD]." [GO:0060648, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mammary+bud]
synonym: "mammary gland bud" EXACT [GO:0060648]
synonym: "milk bud" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0005153  ! epithelial bud
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005311 ! mammary placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005334
name: oral lamina propria
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a mucosa of oral region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of oral mucosa" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:26947
is_a: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003343 ! mucosa of oral region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003343 ! mucosa of oral region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005336
name: capillary layer of choroid
namespace: uberon
def: "The capillary lamina of choroid or choriocapillaris is a layer of capillaries that is immediately adjacent to Bruch's membrane in the choroid." [Wikipedia:Capillary_lamina_of_choroid]
synonym: "capillary lamina of choroid" EXACT [FMA:58437]
synonym: "capillary lamina of choroid or choriocapillaris" RELATED []
synonym: "capillary layer of choroid" EXACT [FMA:58437]
synonym: "choriocapillaris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capillary_lamina_of_choroid]
synonym: "inner layer of choroid proper" EXACT [FMA:58437]
synonym: "lamina choriocapillaris" RELATED []
synonym: "lamina choroidocapillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Capillary_lamina_of_choroid]
xref: FMA:58437
xref: SCTID:280899009
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001982 ! capillary
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003957 ! Bruch's membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005337
name: outflow tract of ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A ventricular outflow tract is a portion of either the left ventricle or right ventricle of the heart through which blood passes in order to enter the great arteries. The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is an infundibular extension of the ventricular cavity which connects to the pulmonary artery. The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), which connects to the aorta, is nearly indistinguishable from the rest of the ventricle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ventricular_outflow_tract]
synonym: "heart ventricle outflow tract" EXACT [MP:0010224]
synonym: "outflow part of ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "ventricular outflow tract" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ventricular_outflow_tract]
xref: FMA:13225
xref: XAO:0004140
is_a: UBERON:0004145  ! outflow tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0004145  ! outflow tract
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005338
name: outflow tract aortic component
namespace: uberon
def: "An outflow tract that is part of a aorta." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001353
xref: EMAPA:17329
xref: MA:0000101
xref: VHOG:0001394
is_a: UBERON:0004145  ! outflow tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta
intersection_of: UBERON:0004145  ! outflow tract
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005339
name: outflow tract pulmonary component
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001359
xref: EHDAA:4401
xref: EMAPA:17330
xref: MA:0000102
xref: VHOG:0001395
is_a: UBERON:0004145  ! outflow tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005340
name: dorsal telencephalic commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "the fiber tracts that connect the dorsal region of the two cerebral hemispheres and span the longitudinal fissure, including the corpus callosum and hippocampal commissure[MP]." [MP:0008219]
synonym: "dorsal commissure" EXACT [MP:0008219]
is_a: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005341
name: ventral commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "the fiber tracts that connect the ventral region of the two cerebral hemispheres and span the longitudinal fissure, including the anterior and the habenular commissures[MP]." [MP:0008220]
is_a: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005343
name: cortical plate
namespace: uberon
def: "the outer neural tube region in which post-mitotic neuroblasts migrate along radial glia to form the adult cortical layers[MP]." [MP:0008439]
xref: ABA:CTXpl
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005344
name: peritoneal vaginal process
namespace: uberon
def: "A peritoneal diverticulum in the embryonic lower anterior abdominal wall that traverses the inguinal canal. In the male it forms the tunica vaginalis testis and normally loses its connection with the peritoneal cavity; a persistent processus vaginalis in the female is known as the canal of Nuck[MP]." [MP:0009218, Wikipedia:Processus_vaginalis]
synonym: "peritoneal diverticulum" RELATED []
synonym: "processus vaginalis peritonei" RELATED LATIN [MP:0009218, Wikipedia:Processus_vaginalis]
synonym: "processus vaginalis peritonei masculinus" NARROW LATIN [Wikipedia:Processus_vaginalis]
synonym: "processus vaginalis peritoneus" EXACT [MP:0009218]
synonym: "saccus vaginalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Processus_vaginalis]
synonym: "vaginal process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Processus_vaginalis]
synonym: "vaginal process of peritoneum" EXACT [MP:0009218]
synonym: "vaginal process of testis" RELATED [MP:0009218]
synonym: "vaginal process of the peritoneum" RELATED []
xref: SCTID:362726001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Mesorchium.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Mesorchium.svg/200px-Mesorchium.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005345
name: cerebellum vermis lobule VIIa
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009998]
synonym: "vermic lobule VIIA" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081231]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081231
is_a: UBERON:0004081  ! cerebellum vermis lobule VII

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005346
name: cerebellum vermis lobule VIIb
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0009999]
is_a: UBERON:0004081  ! cerebellum vermis lobule VII

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005347
name: copula pyramidis
namespace: uberon
def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010000]
xref: ABA:COPY
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005348
name: ansiform lobule
namespace: uberon
def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010001]
synonym: "ansiform lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72257]
synonym: "ansiform lobule of cerebellum [h vii a]" EXACT [FMA:72257]
synonym: "lobuli semilunares cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72257, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lobulus ansiformis cerebelli [h vii a]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72257, FMA:TA]
synonym: "semilunar lobules of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72257]
xref: ABA:AN
xref: FMA:72257
is_a: UBERON:0004003  ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005349
name: paramedian lobule
namespace: uberon
def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010004]
synonym: "gracile lobule" EXACT [FMA:72523]
synonym: "hemispheric lobule VIIBii" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210]
synonym: "lobulus gracilis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210]
synonym: "lobulus paramedianus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210]
synonym: "lobulus paramedianus [h vii b]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72523, FMA:TA]
synonym: "paramedian 1 (hvii)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210]
synonym: "paramedian lobule [H VII B]" EXACT [FMA:72523]
xref: ABA:PRM
xref: FMA:72523
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081210
is_a: UBERON:0004003  ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005350
name: lobule simplex
namespace: uberon
def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010005]
synonym: "hemispheric lobule VI" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206]
synonym: "lobule h vi of larsell" EXACT [FMA:72522]
synonym: "lobulus quadrangularis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206]
synonym: "lobulus simplex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206]
synonym: "lobulus simplex cerebelli [h vi et vi]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72522, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior crescentic lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72522]
synonym: "semilunar lobule-1 (posterior)" EXACT [FMA:72522]
synonym: "simple lobule" EXACT [MP:0010005]
synonym: "simple lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72522]
synonym: "simple lobule of cerebellum [h vi and vi]" EXACT [FMA:72522]
synonym: "simplex (hvi)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206]
synonym: "simplex lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206]
xref: ABA:SIM
xref: FMA:72522
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081206
is_a: UBERON:0004003  ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005351
name: paraflocculus
namespace: uberon
def: ".[MP]." [MP:0010007]
synonym: "cerebellar tonsil" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212]
synonym: "hemispheric lobule IX" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212]
synonym: "neuraxis paraflocculus" EXACT [FMA:83885]
synonym: "paraflocculus of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83885]
synonym: "paraflocculus of cerebellum " EXACT [FMA:83885]
synonym: "tonsil (HXI)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212]
synonym: "tonsilla" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212]
xref: ABA:PFL
xref: FMA:83885
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081212
xref: SCTID:314174005
xref: SCTID:51969002
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001063
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005352
name: spermatic cord
namespace: uberon
def: "The cord-like structure in males comprising the vas deferens and associated tissue that runs from the abdomen down to each testis[MP]." [MP:0010145, Wikipedia:Spermatic_cord]
synonym: "funiculus spermaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spermatic_cord]
synonym: "spermatic chord" RELATED []
xref: FMA:19937
xref: GAID:395
xref: MESH:A05.360.444.777
xref: SCTID:181433005
xref: UMLS:C0037855
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Male_anatomy.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Male_anatomy.png/200px-Male_anatomy.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Spermatic_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004054 ! internal male genitalia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005353
name: spleen perifollicular zone
namespace: uberon
def: "the compartment located between the marginal zone and the red pulp harboring scattered B and T lymphocytes[MP]." [MP:0010245]
comment: todo - check spleen marginal sinus
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005356
name: Rathke's pouch
namespace: uberon
def: "a pouch of ectoderm that grows out from the upper surface of the embryonic stomodeum and gives rise to the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland[MP]. In embryogenesis, Rathke's pouch is a depression in the roof of the developing mouth in front of the buccopharyngeal membrane. It gives rise to the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis), a part of the endocrine system[WP]." [MP:0003817, Wikipedia:Rathke's_pouch]
comment: EHDAA2 distinguishes between the adenohypophyseal pouch and it's precursor Rathke's pouch epithelium. Taxon notes: median funnelB--shaped invagination of ectoderm, the nasohypophyseal pouch. It will contribute to the formation of the pituitary gland of the adult lamprey and is homologous to Rathkebs pouch and perhaps to Hatschek 's pit (amphioxus).[http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/invertebrates/ammocoetes.html]
synonym: "Rathke pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "Rathke's cleft" RELATED []
synonym: "Rathke's cyst" RELATED []
synonym: "Rathke's pocket" RELATED [MP:0003817]
synonym: "Rathkes pouch epithelium" NARROW [EHDAA2:0001473]
synonym: "adenohypophysial pouch" NARROW [EHDAA2:0001588]
synonym: "craniobuccal pouch" RELATED []
synonym: "craniopharyngeal pouch" RELATED []
synonym: "hypophyseal diverticulum" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "hypophyseal pouch" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "nasohypophyseal pouch" RELATED SENSU [http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/invertebrates/ammocoetes.html]
synonym: "pituitary diverticulum" RELATED [MP:0003817]
synonym: "pouch of Rathke" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011094
xref: EHDAA2:0001588
xref: EMAPA:16574
xref: EMAPA:16725
xref: SCTID:362583008
xref: SCTID:61127000
xref: UMLS:C0229548
xref: UMLS:C1709841
xref: VHOG:0000674
xref: XAO:0000430
xref: ncithesaurus:Rathke_Pouch_Epithelium
xref: ncithesaurus:Rathke_s_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009122 ! adenohypophyseal placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955
property_value: external_definition "A depression that forms in the roof of the mouth of an embryo, anterior to the buccopharyngeal membrane. The walls of the diverticulum develop into the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005357
name: brain ependyma
namespace: uberon
def: "An ependyma that is part of a brain ventricle." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: in FMA this is treated as part of the ependyma, but here we treat ependyma as a portion
synonym: "ependyma of ventricular system of brain" EXACT [FMA:242837]
xref: FMA:242837
xref: MA:0000809
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.276.460
is_a: UBERON:0004670  ! ependyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0004670  ! ependyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005358
name: ventricle of nervous system
namespace: uberon
synonym: "region of wall of ventricular system of neuraxis" RELATED [FMA:242770]
xref: FMA:242770
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005359
name: spinal cord ependyma
namespace: uberon
def: "An ependyma that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: in FMA this is treated as part of the ependyma, but here we treat ependyma as a portion
synonym: "ependyma of central canal of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:242839]
synonym: "spinal cord ependymal layer" EXACT [MA:0001125]
synonym: "spinal cord ventricular layer" RELATED []
xref: EMAPA:17585
xref: FMA:242839
xref: MA:0001125
xref: SCTID:369278000
is_a: UBERON:0004670  ! ependyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002291 ! central canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0004670  ! ependyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005360
name: inferior glossopharyngeal IX ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the lower group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve[MP]. It is situated in a depression in the lower border of the petrous portion of the temporal bone[WP]." [MP:0001084, Wikipedia:Inferior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve]
comment: We follow FMA and VHOG in making the relation subclass
synonym: "extracraniale ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001084]
synonym: "ganglion inferius (nervus glossopharygeus)" EXACT [FMA:53475]
synonym: "ganglion inferius nervi glossopharyngei, ganglion petrosum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve]
synonym: "ganglion inferius nervus glossopharyngei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:53475, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ganglion of andersch" EXACT [FMA:53475]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX inferior ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000743]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve inferior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53475]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve petrous ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53475]
synonym: "inferior ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53475]
synonym: "inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53475]
synonym: "inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion of the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve" EXACT [MP:0001084]
synonym: "ninth cranial nerve inferior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53475]
synonym: "petrosal ganglion" RELATED [MP:0001084, http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/petrosal%20ganglion]
synonym: "petrous ganglion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray791.png, http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/petrous%20ganglion]
xref: EHDAA2:0000711
xref: FMA:53475
xref: MA:0001078
xref: SCTID:66031007
xref: VHOG:0000743
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png
is_a: UBERON:0001701  ! glossopharyngeal ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005361
name: superior glossopharyngeal IX ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the upper ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve[MP]. is situated in the upper part of the groove in which the glossopharyngeal nerve is lodged during its passage through the jugular foramen. It is very small, and is usually regarded as a detached portion of the inferior ganglion" [MP:0001097, Wikipedia:Superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve]
comment: Synonym modified from WP original
synonym: "Ehrenritter's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474]
synonym: "ganglion superius (nervus glossopharyngeus)" EXACT [FMA:53474]
synonym: "ganglion superius nervi glossopharyngei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve]
synonym: "ganglion superius nervus glossopharyngei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:53474, FMA:TA]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX superior ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000744]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve jugular ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve superior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474]
synonym: "intracranial ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001097]
synonym: "jugular ganglion" RELATED [MP:0001097]
synonym: "ninth cranial nerve superior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474]
synonym: "superior ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53474]
synonym: "superior glossopharyngeal ganglia" EXACT [MP:0001097]
synonym: "superior glossopharyngeal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53474]
synonym: "superior glossopharyngeal ganglion of the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve" EXACT [MP:0001097]
synonym: "superior petrosal ganglion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve]
xref: EHDAA2:0000712
xref: EHDAA:2842
xref: FMA:53474
xref: MA:0001079
xref: SCTID:280362000
xref: VHOG:0000744
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png
is_a: UBERON:0001701  ! glossopharyngeal ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005362
name: vagus X ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "a small, elongated ganglion located between the esophagus and aorta, marking the terminus of the recurrent nerve[WP]" [Wikipedia:Vagus_ganglion]
synonym: "gX" BROAD [ZFA:0007067]
synonym: "ganglion of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:53472]
synonym: "right glossopharyngeal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53472]
synonym: "vagal ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0007067]
synonym: "vagus X" RELATED [EMAPA:16798]
synonym: "vagus ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "vagus neural ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53472]
xref: EMAPA:16798
xref: FMA:53472
xref: MA:0001081
xref: SCTID:244452001
xref: TAO:0007067
xref: VHOG:0000684
xref: ZFA:0007067
is_a: UBERON:0009127  ! epibranchial ganglion
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005363
name: inferior vagus X ganglion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ganglion inferius (nervus vagus)" EXACT [FMA:6230]
synonym: "ganglion inferius nervus vagi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6230, FMA:TA]
synonym: "inferior ganglion of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6230]
synonym: "inferior ganglion of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6230]
synonym: "inferior vagus X" BROAD [EMAPA:17155]
synonym: "nodose ganglion" EXACT [EMAPA:17155, FMA:6230]
synonym: "tenth cranial nerve nodose ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6230]
synonym: "vagus X inferior ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000685]
synonym: "vagus nerve inferior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6230]
synonym: "vagus nerve nodose ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6230]
xref: EFO:0002516
xref: EHDAA2:0004622
xref: EMAPA:17155
xref: FMA:6230
xref: MA:0001082
xref: MESH:A08.340.390.550
xref: SCTID:14420006
xref: VHOG:0000685
is_a: UBERON:0005362  ! vagus X ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009126 ! nodosal placode
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
property_value: homology_notes "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005364
name: superior vagus X ganglion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ganglion superius (nervus vagus)" EXACT [FMA:6229]
synonym: "ganglion superius nervus vagi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6229, FMA:TA]
synonym: "gasserian ganglion" RELATED [EMAPA:17156]
synonym: "jugular ganglion" RELATED [FMA:6229]
synonym: "superior ganglion of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6229]
synonym: "superior ganglion of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6229]
synonym: "superior vagus X" BROAD [EMAPA:17156]
synonym: "tenth cranial nerve jugular ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6229]
synonym: "vagus X superior ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000686]
synonym: "vagus nerve jugular ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6229]
synonym: "vagus nerve superior ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6229]
xref: EMAPA:17156
xref: FMA:6229
xref: MA:0001083
xref: SCTID:280197008
xref: VHOG:0000686
is_a: UBERON:0005362  ! vagus X ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005366
name: olfactory lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "Olfactory apparatus on the lower surface of the frontal lobe of the brain. It consists of the olfactory bulb, tract, and trigone[BTO]." [BTO:0001362]
xref: BTO:0001362
xref: EFO:0000108
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0001294
xref: EHDAA:5480
xref: EMAPA:17778
xref: MA:0002413
xref: MIAA:0000116
xref: UMLS:C0178780
xref: VHOG:0000833
xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Lobe
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Part of the telencephalon, comprised of paired anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits. In Xenopus,the olfactory bulbs begin to fuse at NF stage 50, fusion is complete around NF stage 58. The cerebral vein loops around the olfactory bulb by NF stage 43[XAO:0004180]." xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (In mammals) Odorant detection is mediated by millions of olfactory sensory neurons located in the olfactory epithelium lining the nasal cavity. These neurons transmit sensory signals to the olfactory bulb of the brain, which in turn sends signals to the olfactory cortex.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005373
name: spinal cord dorsal column
namespace: uberon
def: "area of white matter in the dorsomedial side of the spinal cord. It is made up of the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus and itself is part of the dorsal funiculus. It is part of an ascending pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception called the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway[WP]. The dorsal portion of the gray substance of the spinal cord, in transverse section seen as a horn[TFD]. The dorsal column is a part of the spinal cord which is responsible for transporting sensory input from the body to the cerebral cortex. This part of the spinal cord is key in perceiving fine touch, such as that used to distinguish textures, along with vibration. The dorsal column also contributes to the body's system of proprioception, used to orient the body in space and to coordinate muscle movements, given information about the body's position." [Wikipedia:Posterior_column]
comment: TODO - relationship with dorsal horn?
synonym: "dorsal column" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal column of spinal cord" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior column" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_column]
synonym: "spinal cord posterior column" EXACT []
xref: EV:0100317
xref: MA:0002749
xref: UMLS:C0458459
xref: VHOG:0001623
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Column
is_a: UBERON:0002318  ! white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002258 ! dorsal funiculus
property_value: external_definition "The dorsolateral ridge of gray matter in each lateral half of the spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005374
name: spinal cord lateral column
namespace: uberon
comment: TODO - check relationship between column and funiculus. Also check white vs grey matter. See ventral column. Note also ZFA term 'lateral column' is part of reticular formation
synonym: "lateral column" RELATED []
xref: EV:0100322
xref: MA:0002750
xref: TAO:0000531
xref: VHOG:0001621
xref: ZFA:0000531
is_a: UBERON:0002318  ! white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002179 ! lateral funiculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005375
name: spinal cord ventral column
namespace: uberon
comment: in MA, this is a subclass of white matter, but in WP/Gray's, the anterior column is a synonym of the grey matter section. is this the same as funiculus? See lateral column.
synonym: "anterior column" EXACT []
synonym: "spinal cord anterior column" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral column" EXACT []
xref: EV:0100326
xref: MA:0002751
xref: VHOG:0001622
is_a: UBERON:0002318  ! white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002180 ! ventral funiculus
property_value: external_definition "The ventral ridge of gray matter in each half of the spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005376
name: olfactory bulb external plexiform layer
namespace: uberon
def: "Cytoarchitectural part of the olfactory bulb, lying superior to the mitral cell layer and inferior to the glomerular layer. The EPL is mostly neuropil composed almost entirely of mitral and tulfted cell dendrites and granule cell dendrites and their synaptic inputs." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090403]
synonym: "external plexiform layer" BROAD [BTO:0001319]
xref: BTO:0001319
xref: MA:0000969
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090403
is_a: UBERON:0009950  ! olfactory bulb plexiform layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005377
name: olfactory bulb glomerular layer
namespace: uberon
def: "The glomerular layer is the most superficial layer, consisting of mitral cell dendritic arborizations (glomeruli), olfactory nerve fibers, and periglomerular cells. Periglomerular cells contact multiple mitral cell dendrites within the glomeruli and provide lateral inhibition of neighboring glomeruli while allowing excitation of a specific mitral cell dendritic tree. Each mitral cell is contacted by at least 1000 olfactory nerve fibers[BTO]. Portion of tissue which is located in between the primary olfactory fiber layer and the external cellular layer of the olfactory bulb[ZFA]." [BTO:0001317]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "glomerular layer" BROAD [BTO:0001317, ZFA:0000357]
synonym: "stratum glomerulosum bulbi olfactorii" EXACT [ZFA:0000357]
xref: ABA:MOBgl
xref: BTO:0001317
xref: MA:0000970
xref: TAO:0000357
xref: ZFA:0000357
is_a: UBERON:0004001  ! olfactory bulb layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005378
name: olfactory bulb granule cell layer
namespace: uberon
def: "The granule cell layer contains multiple small round neurons that lack axons. Long dendritic processes of the neurons reach the more superficial layers and inhibit mitral cells and tufted cells. Small distal processes make contacts with the exiting mitral cell axons." [BTO:0001327]
synonym: "granule cell layer" BROAD [BTO:0001327]
xref: BTO:0001327
xref: MA:0000971
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090404
is_a: UBERON:0004001  ! olfactory bulb layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005379
name: olfactory bulb internal plexiform layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "internal plexiform layer" EXACT [BTO:0001320]
xref: BTO:0001320
xref: MA:0000972
is_a: UBERON:0009950  ! olfactory bulb plexiform layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005380
name: olfactory bulb subependymal zone
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0000974
is_a: UBERON:0004001  ! olfactory bulb layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005382
name: dorsal striatum
namespace: uberon
def: "Those portions of the caudate nucleus and especially the putamen located generally superior to a plane representing the anterior commissure; also called the dorsal basal ganglia; may function in motor activities with cognitive origins." [BTO:0004701, Wikipedia:Dorsal_striatum]
synonym: "caudoputamen" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312]
synonym: "corpus striatum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_striatum]
synonym: "dorsal basal ganglia" RELATED [BTO:0004701]
synonym: "dorsal basal ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0004701]
synonym: "striated body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_striatum]
synonym: "striatum dorsale" RELATED [BTO:0004701]
xref: ABA:STRd
xref: BTO:0004701
xref: FMA:77620
xref: MA:0002971
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010001
is_a: UBERON:0011300  ! gray matter of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum
property_value: external_definition "According to BrainInfo it is a part of the basal ganglia comprising the globus pallidus and striatum" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "According to the 1917 version of Gray's Anatomy, it is the combination of the lentiform nucleus and the caudate nucleus" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "It may also refer to both the basal ganglia and the internal capsule collectively." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "It may also refer to the putamen and caudate collectively." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005383
name: caudate-putamen
namespace: uberon
def: "Regional part of telencephalon in some species, e.g., rodent, equivalent to the dorsal striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen). Unlike the dorsal striatum of primates, for example, the caudoputamen is not split into separate nuclei by the fibers of the internal capsule. Rather, the internal capsule splits into fiber bundles which course through the structure." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312]
comment: CHECK - rodents. The caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by a clear white matter bundle in most species but not in rodents (MM)
synonym: "caudate putamen" EXACT []
synonym: "caudateputamen" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312]
synonym: "caudoputamen" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312]
xref: ABA:CP
xref: BM:Tel-C-Pu
xref: BTO:0000212
xref: EFO:0001912
xref: EMAPA:19095
xref: MA:0000893
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100312
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005382 ! dorsal striatum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005384
name: nasal cavity epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a nasal cavity." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nasal epithelium" EXACT [FMA:63140]
synonym: "nasal mucosa" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0001227
xref: EHDAA:6803
xref: EMAPA:17605
xref: FMA:63140
xref: MA:0001324
xref: UMLS:C1709151
xref: VHOG:0000501
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Cavity_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003350  ! epithelium of mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001826 ! nasal cavity mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005385
name: nasal cavity respiratory epithelium
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001230
xref: EHDAA:6807
xref: MA:0001326
xref: UMLS:C1709152
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Cavity_Respiratory_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005384  ! nasal cavity epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005386
name: olfactory mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "That portion of the nasal mucosa containing the sensory endings for olfaction; the organ of smell[GAID]. The olfactory mucosa is located in the upper region of the nasal cavity and is made up of the olfactory epithelium and the underlying lamina propria, connective tissue containing fibroblasts, blood vessels, Bowman's glands and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons. The mucus protects the olfactory epithelium and allows odors to dissolve so that they can be detected by olfactory receptor neurons. Electron microscopy studies show that Bowman's glands contain cells with large secretory vesicles. The exact composition of the secretions from Bowman's glands is unclear, but there is evidence that Bowman's glands do not produce odorant binding protein[WP]." [GAID:303, Wikipedia:Olfactory_mucosa]
comment: note uberon uses the term 'mucosa' as 'portion of mucosa', thus the relationship is subclass, not part_of
synonym: "olfactory area of nasal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:77199]
synonym: "olfactory part of nasal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:77199]
synonym: "olfactory zone of nasal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:77199]
synonym: "pars olfactoria tunicae mucosae nasi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77199, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Olfactory_mucosa]
xref: FMA:77199
xref: GAID:303
xref: MESH:A04.531.520.573
xref: UMLS:C0028937
xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0001826  ! nasal cavity mucosa
relationship: has_part UBERON:0005384 ! nasal cavity epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005387
name: olfactory glomerulus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0011916
def: "One of the small globular masses of dense neuropil in the olfactory bulb, containing the first synapse in the olfactory pathway[BTO]. a spherical structure located in the olfactory bulb of the brain where the synapses form between the olfactory nerve terminals and dendrites of mitral, periglomerular and tufted cells. Each glomerulus is surrounded by periglomerular neurons and glial cells which gives it an oval shape.[1][2] All glomeruli are located near the surface of the olfactory bulb. In mammals, glomeruli typically range between 50-120 B5m in diameter and number between 1800 and 2400 depending on the species.[1][2] Each glomerulus is composed of two compartments, the olfactory nerve zone and the non-olfactory nerve zone. The olfactory nerve zone is composed of preterminals and terminals of the olfactory nerve and is where the olfactory receptor cells make synapses on their targets.[2] The non-olfactory nerve zone is composed of the dendritic processes of intrinsic neurons and is where dendrodendritic interactions between intrinsic neurons occur.[2] It is the first site for synaptic processing of odor information coming from the nose. It is made up of a globular tangle of axons from the olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium, and dendrites from the mitral cell as well as from juxtaglomerular cells that include tufted cells, periglomerular cells, short axon cells, and astrocytes[WP]." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckMedicus, Wikipedia:Glomerulus_(olfaction)]
comment: subcellular component, realm of GO?
synonym: "glomerulus of olfactory bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "olfactory bulb glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "olfactory glomeruli" EXACT PLURAL []
xref: BTO:0003653
xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090503
is_a: UBERON:0001047  ! neural glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001047  ! neural glomerulus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005388
name: photoreceptor array
namespace: uberon
def: "An array of photoreceptors and any supporting cells found in an eye." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "light-sensitive tissue" EXACT []
xref: FBbt:00004200
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000970 ! eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005389
name: transparent eye structure
namespace: uberon
comment: transparent structure that is part of a visual sense organ, the function of which is to direct or focus light onto a photoreceptor array
synonym: "lens" NARROW []
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000970 ! eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005396
name: carotid artery segment
namespace: uberon
def: "One of: the common carotid artery, or its branches, the external and internal carotid arteries." [Wikipedia:Carotid_artery, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3486870&group_id=76834&atid=994764]
comment: Editor/usage notes: This is a generic grouping class that is the superclass of the trunks/branches of the common carotid artery. Note that AOs vary widely in how they divide up and generalize arteries
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "carotid artery" EXACT [MA:0001925]
synonym: "common carotid arterial subdivision" RELATED [FMA:70504]
synonym: "subdivision of common carotid artery" EXACT [FMA:70504]
xref: BTO:0000168
xref: EFO:0000818
xref: EHDAA:6385
xref: EMAPA:18609
xref: EV:0100379
xref: FMA:70504
xref: GAID:478
xref: MA:0001925
xref: MAT:0000501
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.186
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvg7rcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362040006
xref: SCTID:69105007
xref: TAO:0000097
xref: UMLS:C0007272
xref: VHOG:0000266
xref: ZFA:0000097
xref: galen:CarotidArtery
xref: ncithesaurus:Carotid_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
property_value: external_definition "Artery originating at the junction of the first two aortic arches and supplying the anterior brain. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005398
name: female reproductive gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A sex gland that is part of a female reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: BTO:0000254
xref: MA:0000383
is_a: UBERON:0003937  ! sex gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003134 ! female reproductive organ
intersection_of: UBERON:0003937  ! sex gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005399
name: male reproductive gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A sex gland that is part of a male reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: BTO:0000080
xref: MA:0000399
is_a: UBERON:0003937  ! sex gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0003937  ! sex gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005401
name: cerebral grey matter
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: BTO may actually be a more generic structure; FMA may represent a more specific structure. Consider merging with gray matter of telencephalon
synonym: "cerebral gray matter" EXACT [BTO:0000823]
xref: BTO:0000823
xref: FMA:61821
xref: MA:0000944
is_a: UBERON:0011300  ! gray matter of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005403
name: ventral striatum
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral striatum is a portion of the striatum. It consists of the nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle. Some sources also include the ventromedial parts of the caudate nucleus and putamen. It is considered a reward center." [Wikipedia:Ventral_striatum]
xref: ABA:STRv
xref: BTO:0004702
xref: EFO:0001936
xref: FMA:77614
xref: MA:0002972
is_a: UBERON:0011300  ! gray matter of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005404
name: frontonasal suture
namespace: uberon
def: "A suture between frontal and nasal bones" [GO:0097095, PMID:12416537]
synonym: "articulation of the nasal bone with frontal bone" RELATED []
synonym: "frontonasal suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52948]
xref: FMA:52948
xref: MA:0002973
xref: SCTID:368982004
is_a: UBERON:0009198  ! craniofacial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0009198  ! craniofacial suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005405
name: pararenal fat
namespace: uberon
def: "The paranephric body (or paranephric fat or pararenal fat) is collection of adipose tissue located superficial to the renal fascia. The perirenal fat, or adipose capsule of kidney, is deep to the renal fascia but superficial to the renal capsule." [Wikipedia:Paranephric_body]
comment: TODO - split paranephric / pararenal
synonym: "corpus adiposum pararenale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paranephric_body]
synonym: "paranephric body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paranephric_body]
synonym: "paranephric fat" RELATED [MA:0002974]
synonym: "pararenal fascia" EXACT [FMA:20503, MA:0002974]
synonym: "pararenal fat body" RELATED [MA:0002974]
xref: FMA:20503
xref: FMA:74280
xref: MA:0002974
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Gray1125.png
is_a: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005406
name: perirenal fat
namespace: uberon
def: "The adipose capsule of kidney (or perinephric fat or perirenal fat) is a structure between the renal fascia and renal capsule, and may be regarded as a part of the latter. A different structure, the pararenal fat, is the adipose tissue superficial to the renal fascia." [Wikipedia:Adipose_capsule_of_kidney]
comment: TODO - split perinephric / perirenal
synonym: "adipose capsule of kidney" RELATED [MA:0002975]
synonym: "capsula adiposa renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Adipose_capsule_of_kidney]
synonym: "fatty capsule of kidney" RELATED [MA:0002975]
synonym: "perinephric fat" RELATED [MA:0002975]
synonym: "periphrenic fascia" RELATED [MA:0002975]
synonym: "perirenal fascia" EXACT [FMA:20502, MA:0002975]
synonym: "perirenal fat capsule" RELATED ATTRIBUTION_REQUIRED [MA:0002975]
xref: FMA:15876
xref: FMA:20502
xref: MA:0002975
xref: SCTID:246901006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005407
name: sublingual ganglion
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001938
xref: EHDAA:10101
xref: FMA:77591
xref: MA:0002982
is_a: UBERON:0001808  ! parasympathetic ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005408
name: circumventricular organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Brain region located around or in relation to the ventricular system that is highly vascularized and distinguished by the lack of a blood brain barrier." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090312, Wikipedia:Circumventricular_organs]
comment: AO notes: MA subdivides into sensory and secretory
synonym: "CVO" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090312]
synonym: "circumventricular organ" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090312]
synonym: "circumventricular organ of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:84081]
xref: FMA:84081
xref: MA:0002942
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090312
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005409
name: gastrointestinal system
namespace: uberon
comment: note that many anatomy ontologies consider this synonymous with digestive system. here we follow MA in dividing digestive system into gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary. hepatobiliary includes the liver and biliary tract. species-specific AO classes are categorized according to whether liver is included. For example, XAO includes liver as part of XAO:0000125 alimentary system, so we assume this class is the more generic class. We have one entity that is part of both gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary systems: hepatopancreatic ampulla
synonym: "GI tract" RELATED [GAID:294]
synonym: "alimentary system" RELATED [MA:0000323]
synonym: "alimentary tract" RELATED [MA:0000323]
synonym: "gastro-intestinal system" RELATED [FMA:71132]
synonym: "gastrointestinal (GI) tract" RELATED [GAID:294]
synonym: "gastrointestinal system" RELATED [FMA:71132]
synonym: "gastrointestinal tract" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:71132]
xref: BTO:0000058
xref: EHDAA2:0000110
xref: EHDAA:514
xref: EMAPA:16246
xref: EV:0100056
xref: FMA:71132
xref: GAID:294
xref: MA:0000323
xref: MESH:A03.492
xref: SCTID:373871007
xref: UMLS:C0012240
xref: VHOG:0000412
xref: galen:GastrointestinalTract
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
property_value: homology_notes "All metazoans (with degenerate exceptions) have some sort of digestive cavity with a means of entrance to and exit from it.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005410
name: cartilaginous otic capsule
namespace: uberon
comment: in elasmobranchs, the otic capsule remains cartilaginous in the adult; in the embryos of higher vertebrates, it is cartilaginous at first but later becomes bony (at approximately 23 weeks in humans). todo - check EMAPA
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "auditory capsule" EXACT [ZFA:0001500]
xref: EMAPA:18803
xref: TAO:0001500
xref: ZFA:0001500
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium
is_a: UBERON:0004637  ! otic capsule
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: develops_from neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Bilaterally paired cartilage encasing the semicircular canals of the inner ear.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005411
name: bony otic capsule
namespace: uberon
comment: in elasmobranchs, the otic capsule remains cartilaginous in the adult; in the embryos of higher vertebrates, it is cartilaginous at first but later becomes bony (at approximately 23 weeks in humans)
xref: MA:0000252
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004637  ! otic capsule
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005410 ! cartilaginous otic capsule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005412
name: optic fissure
namespace: uberon
def: "Groove that is in the developing ventral optic cup and through which blood vessels pass to the enclosed mesenchyme[ZFA]. a ventral fissure in the developing optic cup through which blood vessels pass to the enclosed mesenchyme[Free online medical dictionary]." [Wikipedia:Choroid_fissure, ZFA:0001284, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/optic+fissure, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3083162&group_id=36855]
comment: As the eye starts to develop, a gap opens on the underside of each eye bud. This gap provides a way for the developing eye to be nourished. This gap, called the optic fissure, has to close before the eye is fully developed. Coloboma is the incomplete closer of the optic fissure
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "choroid fissure" RELATED [MA:0001305, XAO:0000474, ZFA:0001284]
synonym: "choroid fissure - optic fissure" EXACT [VHOG:0000655]
synonym: "optic fissures" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001284]
synonym: "optic stalk fissure" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001319]
xref: AAO:0011026
xref: EHDAA2:0001319
xref: EHDAA:4759
xref: EMAPA:17166
xref: MA:0001305
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000249
xref: SCTID:361508004
xref: TAO:0001284
xref: VHOG:0000655
xref: XAO:0000474
xref: ZFA:0001284
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Gray865.png
is_a: UBERON:0006846  ! groove
relationship: located_in UBERON:0003098 ! optic stalk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003072 ! optic cup
property_value: external_definition "A break in the continuity of the optic cup where the two sides of the cup meet.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The folded arrangement of the vertebrate retina and RPE [retinal pigment epithelial] provides an evolutionary explanation for the occurrence of the choroid fissure, as proposed more than a century ago. Early in evolution, before the optic cup invaginated, the axons from retinal ganglion cells would simply have run over the surface of the structure. Hence, one can view the optic nerve as having acted rather like a rope in linking the retina to higher centres: the developing eye cup has simply wrapped around this 'rope', and the developing axons have thereby not needed to penetrate the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005413
name: spinocerebellar tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The spinocerebellar tract is a set of axonal fibers originating in the spinal cord and terminating in the ipsilateral cerebellum. This tract conveys information to the cerebellum about limb and joint position." [Wikipedia:Spinocerebellar_tract]
xref: GAID:733
xref: MESH:A08.612.220.725
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005036
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005414
name: zone of polarizing activity
namespace: uberon
def: "an area of mesenchyme that contains signals which instruct the developing limb or fin bud to form along the anterior/posterior axis[WP,cjm]." [Wikipedia:Zone_of_polarizing_activity]
comment: WP definition generalized to cover limb/fin
synonym: "ZPA" EXACT [ZFA:0001451]
synonym: "zona activitatis polarisantis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zone_of_polarizing_activity]
xref: AAO:0010763
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Limbbuddiagram.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0010329  ! limb/fin bud mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010329 ! limb/fin bud mesenchyme
property_value: external_definition "Morphologically indistinct signaling region found in the posterior portion of the limb bud. Associated with anterior-posterior patterning of the digits.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005415
name: zone of polarizing activity of pectoral appendage
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of polarizing activity that is part of a pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anterior ZPA" EXACT []
synonym: "fore ZPA" EXACT []
synonym: "pectoral ZPA" EXACT []
synonym: "zone of polarizing activity pectoral fin bud" NARROW [ZFA:0001451]
xref: TAO:0001451
xref: ZFA:0001451
is_a: UBERON:0003413  ! pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005414  ! zone of polarizing activity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003413 ! pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005414  ! zone of polarizing activity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003413 ! pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme
property_value: external_definition "A small group of mesodermal cells located at the posterior margin of the developing fin bud. the ZPA is thought to produce retinoic acid and thereby provides positional information to the developing bud. Gibert et al., 2006.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005416
name: zone of polarizing activity of pelvic appendage
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of polarizing activity that is part of a pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hind ZPA" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvic ZPA" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior ZPA" EXACT []
synonym: "zone of polarizing activity pelvic fin bud" NARROW [ZFA:0001452]
xref: TAO:0001452
xref: ZFA:0001452
is_a: UBERON:0003412  ! pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005414  ! zone of polarizing activity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003412 ! pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005414  ! zone of polarizing activity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003412 ! pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme
property_value: external_definition "A small group of mesodermal cells located at the posterior margin of the developing fin bud. The ZPA is thought to produce retinoic acid and thereby provides positional information to the developing bud. Gibert et al., 2006.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005417
name: forelimb bud
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb bud that develops into a forelimb." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Genes: Tbx5 specifies forelimbs. Wnt2b restricts Fgf10 in chick // In tetrapods, the position of the forelimb is associated with the anterior expression border of Hoxc6 in the paraxial mesoderm (Burke et al., 1995)
synonym: "anterior limb bud" EXACT [SCTID:346062002]
synonym: "arm bud" RELATED []
synonym: "limb bud - forelimb" EXACT [MIAA:0000065]
synonym: "upper limb bud" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003198]
synonym: "wing bud" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0010381
xref: BTO:0001645
xref: EHDAA:1699
xref: EMAPA:16406
xref: MIAA:0000065
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003198
xref: SCTID:346062002
xref: XAO:0003065
is_a: UBERON:0004347  ! limb bud
is_a: UBERON:0005419  ! pectoral appendage bud
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body
intersection_of: UBERON:0004347  ! limb bud
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005418
name: hindlimb bud
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Genes: Tbx4 specifies hindlimbs. Wnt8c restricts Fgf10 in chick.
synonym: "hind limb bud" EXACT [XAO:0003066]
synonym: "leg bud" RELATED []
synonym: "limb bud - hindlimb" RELATED []
synonym: "posterior limb bud" EXACT [SCTID:346164003]
xref: AAO:0010382
xref: EHDAA:2358
xref: EMAPA:16779
xref: MIAA:0000256
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003197
xref: SCTID:346164003
xref: XAO:0003066
is_a: UBERON:0004347  ! limb bud
is_a: UBERON:0005420  ! pelvic appendage bud
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body
intersection_of: UBERON:0004347  ! limb bud
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body
property_value: external_definition "The bilateral thickening of the ectoderm in the region of the first noticeable at NF stage 47, and innervated by NF stage 51. The hind limb buds develop before the forelimb buds.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005419
name: pectoral appendage bud
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb bud that develops into a forelimb or pectoral fin." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: at this time we have no need to name a more specific 'pectoral fin bud' class, but we may in future
synonym: "forelimb - pectoral fin bud" EXACT [VHOG:0001754]
synonym: "pectoral fin bud" RELATED [TAO:0000141]
synonym: "pectoral fin buds" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000141]
xref: EFO:0003430
xref: TAO:0000141
xref: VHOG:0001754
xref: VHOG_RETIRED:0001259
xref: ZFA:0000141
is_a: UBERON:0004357  ! limb/fin bud
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005729 ! pectoral appendage field
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body
intersection_of: UBERON:0004357  ! limb/fin bud
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
property_value: external_definition "Fin bud that develops into the pectoral fin.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "While the skeletons of teleost pectoral fins and tetrapod forelimbs are homologous at the level of endoskeletal radials, teleosts and tetrapods do not share homologous skeletal elements at the level of 'individuated' pro-, meso-, and metapterygia. Among osteichthyans, only basal actinopterygians retain the full complement of elements present in non-osteichthyan gnathostomes.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005420
name: pelvic appendage bud
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb or pelvic fin." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: at this time we have no need to name a more specific 'pelvic fin bud' class, but we may in future
synonym: "hindlimb/pelvic fin bud" EXACT [VHOG:0001260]
synonym: "pelvic fin bud" RELATED [TAO:0001384]
xref: EFO:0003469
xref: TAO:0001384
xref: VHOG:0001260
xref: ZFA:0001384
is_a: UBERON:0004357  ! limb/fin bud
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005730 ! pelvic appendage field
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body
intersection_of: UBERON:0004357  ! limb/fin bud
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:31033
property_value: external_definition "Fin bud that develops into the pelvic fin.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005421
name: pectoral appendage apical ectodermal ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a pectoral appendage bud." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "AER forelimb" NARROW [VHOG:0001064]
synonym: "aer pectoral fin" RELATED [TAO:0000085]
synonym: "apical ectodermal ridge forelimb" NARROW [VHOG:0001064]
synonym: "apical ectodermal ridge pectoral fin" RELATED [TAO:0000085]
synonym: "apical ectodermal ridge pectoral fin bud" NARROW [ZFA:0000085]
synonym: "apical fold pectoral fin" RELATED [TAO:0000085]
synonym: "upper limb bud apical ectodermal ridge" NARROW [EHDAA2:0000138]
synonym: "wing AER" NARROW SENSU [Giesha:syn]
synonym: "wing apical ectodermal ridge" NARROW SENSU []
xref: EFO:0003487
xref: EHDAA2:0000138
xref: EMAPA:16778
xref: TAO:0000085
xref: TAO:0000736
xref: VHOG:0001064
xref: ZFA:0000085
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004356  ! apical ectodermal ridge
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0004356  ! apical ectodermal ridge
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud
property_value: external_definition "An ectodermal thickening at the end of the forelimb bud in the developing embryo. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the pectoral fin bud.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Pectoral and pelvic fins are homologous to the tetrapod fore and hindlimb, respectively. (...) The zebrafish AER [apical ectodermal ridge] is an apical ectodermal thickening at the distal tip of the fin bud and consists of wedge-shaped cells of the basal stratum. The AER is observed only transiently, and from 36 hpf onwards the cells of this region form the apical fold (AF), which consists of a dorsal and a ventral layer of cylindrically-shaped ectodermal cells extending from the anterior to the posterior fin margin. Despite the change in shape, the AF still carries out the same functions as the AER. Indeed, although the AER receives its name from its characteristic shape, being composed of a pseudostratified ectoderm in the chicken and a polystratified ectoderm in the mouse, this independence of AER morphology from its function is also observed in tetrapods. The AF also expresses similar molecular markers to the tetrapod AER, suggesting that it fulfills similar functions in the fin as the AER does in tetrapod limbs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005422
name: pelvic appendage apical ectodermal ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a pelvic appendage bud." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "AER hindlimb" RELATED [VHOG:0001066]
synonym: "apical ectodermal ridge hind limb" NARROW [VHOG:0001066]
synonym: "apical ectodermal ridge hindlimb" NARROW [VHOG:0001066]
synonym: "apical ectodermal ridge pelvic fin bud" RELATED [TAO:0001385]
synonym: "leg AER" RELATED []
synonym: "lower lmb bud apical ectodermal ridge" NARROW [EHDAA2:0003194]
xref: EFO:0003681
xref: EHDAA2:0003194
xref: EMAPA:16892
xref: TAO:0001385
xref: VHOG:0001066
xref: ZFA:0001385
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004356  ! apical ectodermal ridge
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003371 ! pelvic appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0004356  ! apical ectodermal ridge
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud
property_value: external_definition "An ectodermal thickening at the end of the hindlimb bud in the developing embryo. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Apical ectodermal ridge that is part of the pelvic fin bud.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Pectoral and pelvic fins are homologous to the tetrapod fore and hindlimb, respectively. (...) The zebrafish AER [apical ectodermal ridge] is an apical ectodermal thickening at the distal tip of the fin bud and consists of wedge-shaped cells of the basal stratum. The AER is observed only transiently, and from 36 hpf onwards the cells of this region form the apical fold (AF), which consists of a dorsal and a ventral layer of cylindrically-shaped ectodermal cells extending from the anterior to the posterior fin margin. Despite the change in shape, the AF still carries out the same functions as the AER. Indeed, although the AER receives its name from its characteristic shape, being composed of a pseudostratified ectoderm in the chicken and a polystratified ectoderm in the mouse, this independence of AER morphology from its function is also observed in tetrapods. The AF also expresses similar molecular markers to the tetrapod AER, suggesting that it fulfills similar functions in the fin as the AER does in tetrapod limbs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005423
name: developing anatomical structure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "developing structure" RELATED []
synonym: "developmental structure" RELATED []
synonym: "developmental tissue" RELATED [MIAA:0000019]
xref: AEO:0000125
xref: CALOHA:TS-2122
xref: EHDAA2:0003125
xref: FBbt:00007006
xref: MIAA:0000019
is_a: UBERON:0000465  ! material anatomical entity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005424
name: presumptive retinal pigmented epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that is the outer layer of the optic cup and will become the retinal pigmented epithelium." [ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "optic cup outer layer" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001306]
synonym: "outer layer optic cup" EXACT [ZFA:0000064]
synonym: "presumptive pigmented epithelia" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000064]
synonym: "presumptive pigmented epithelium" RELATED [TAO:0000064]
xref: EHDAA2:0001306
xref: EMAPA:16677
xref: TAO:0000064
xref: VHOG:0000492
xref: ZFA:0000064
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003072 ! optic cup
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005425
name: presumptive neural retina
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that is the inner layer of the optic cup and will become the neural retina." [ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "inner layer optic cup" EXACT [ZFA:0001071]
synonym: "optic cup inner layer" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001304]
synonym: "presumptive retina" RELATED [TAO:0001071]
synonym: "presumptive retinas" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001071]
xref: EHDAA2:0001304
xref: EMAPA:16675
xref: TAO:0001071
xref: VHOG:0000490
xref: ZFA:0001071
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003072 ! optic cup
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005426
name: lens vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that gives rise to the lens." [ZFIN:curator, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=994726&aid=3514998&group_id=76834]
comment: Development notes: the lens of zebrafish (and other teleosts) forms from delamination of cells from the lens placode; thus, there is no formation of a hollow lens vesicle, in contrast to the situation in mammals and birds (Glass and Dahm, 2004) [PMID:16496288] The lens of the zebrafish forms by delamination of lens placodal cells and not through invagination. This results in a solid spherical mass as opposed to a hollow lens vesicle. Detachment of the solid lens vesicle of zebrafish at 24b26 hpf is accomplished in part by apoptosis, similar to mammals[ZFA]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hollow lens vesicle" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "solid lens vesicle" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0001679]
xref: EHDAA2:0000983
xref: EHDAA:4737
xref: EMAPA:17163
xref: SCTID:361510002
xref: TAO:0002205
xref: VHOG:0001163
xref: ZFA:0001679
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003073 ! lens placode
property_value: external_definition "A vesicle formed from the lens pit of the embryo, developing into the crystalline lens. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The optic cup induces the overlying surface ectoderm first to thicken as a lens placode and then to invaginate and form a lens vesicle that differentiates into the lens.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005427
name: corneal primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that is part of the eye and gives rise to the mature, fully layered cornea." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3]
xref: TAO:0002188
xref: ZFA:0001688
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005428
name: vagal neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Vagal neural crest is adjacent to the first seven somites gives rise to both ganglionic and ectomesenchymal derivatives[ZFA]." [ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "post-otic neural crest" EXACT [ZFA:0000818]
xref: EHDAA2:0002156
xref: EHDAA:669
xref: TAO:0000818
xref: VHOG:0001208
xref: XAO:0004191
xref: ZFA:0000818
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
property_value: external_definition "Vagal neural crest is adjacent to the first seven somites gives rise to both ganglionic and ectomesenchymal derivatives.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005429
name: dorsal pancreatic duct
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005603
def: "Most people have just one pancreatic duct. However, some have an additional accessory pancreatic duct also called the Duct of Santorini, which connects straight to the duodenum at the minor duodenal papilla. Both these ducts connect to the second part (the vertical one) of the duodenum. However, the Duct of Santorini, which bypasses the Ampulla of Vater, is non-functional whereas the Duct of Wirsung is functional and carries the digestive enzymes released by the pancreas. It is named for Giovanni Domenico Santorini." [Wikipedia:Accessory_pancreatic_duct]
synonym: "Santorini's duct" EXACT [FMA:14534]
synonym: "accessory pancreatic duct" EXACT [MA:0000125]
synonym: "accessory pancreatic duct of santorini" RELATED [Wikipedia:Accessory_pancreatic_duct]
synonym: "duct of Santorini" EXACT [FMA:14534, Wikipedia:Accessory_pancreatic_duct]
synonym: "ductus pancreaticus accessorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Accessory_pancreatic_duct]
synonym: "ductus pancreatis dorsalis" RELATED []
synonym: "pancreatic duct of santorini" RELATED [Wikipedia:Accessory_pancreatic_duct]
xref: EHDAA2:0001372
xref: EHDAA:3013
xref: EHDAA:9188
xref: EMAPA:17505
xref: EMAPA:17512
xref: EMAPA:18818
xref: EMAPA:18825
xref: FMA:14534
xref: MA:0000125
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000417
xref: SCTID:245386000
xref: VHOG:0000255
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray1100.png
is_a: UBERON:0007329  ! pancreatic duct
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003923 ! dorsal pancreatic bud
property_value: homology_notes "These data show that ducts within the zebrafish pancreas originally arise in situ from isolated progenitor cells rather than arising from reiterative branching of the pancreatic epithelium. This process of pancreatic duct formation in zebrafish may be analogous to the mechanism of duct formation in the mammalian mammary and salivary glands. (...) A related mechanism of duct formation has also been proposed to occur within the mammalian pancreatic epithelium.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005430
name: ansa cervicalis
namespace: uberon
def: "The ansa cervicalis (or ansa hypoglossi in older literature) is a loop of nerves that are part of the cervical plexus. It lies superficial to the internal jugular vein in the carotid sheath. Branches from the ansa cervicalis innervate three of the four infrahyoid muscles, including the sternohyoid muscle, the sternothyroid muscle, and the omohyoid muscle." [Wikipedia:Ansa_cervicalis]
synonym: "ansa hypoglossi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ansa_cervicalis]
xref: EHDAA2:0000124
xref: EHDAA:6669
xref: FMA:55142
xref: SCTID:362474000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray795.png
is_a: UBERON:0001147  ! trunk of peripheral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005431
name: anterior spinal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the anterior spinal artery is the blood vessel that supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord. It arises from branches of the vertebral arteries and is supplied by the anterior segmental medullary arteries, including the artery of Adamkiewicz, and courses along the anterior aspect of the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Anterior_spinal_artery]
synonym: "anterior medial spinal artery" EXACT [FMA:50531]
synonym: "anterior spinal arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_spinal_artery]
synonym: "arteria spinalis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_spinal_artery]
synonym: "ventral artery of the spinal cord" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_spinal_artery]
synonym: "ventral spinal artery" EXACT [FMA:50531]
xref: EHDAA2:0000131
xref: EHDAA:6382
xref: EMAPA:18242
xref: FMA:50531
xref: SCTID:181329004
xref: UMLS:C0149603
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Anterior_spinal_cord_-_very_low_mag.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Spinal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0002458  ! spinal artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001535 ! vertebral artery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005599 ! common dorsal aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004571 ! systemic arterial system
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005432
name: aortic sac
namespace: uberon
def: "the merged ventral aortae of the embryo which supplies blood to the aortic arches[TMD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aortic+sac]
xref: EHDAA2:0004145
xref: EHDAA:9826
xref: FMA:71008
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000133
xref: SCTID:361527005
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003498  ! heart blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005433
name: autonomic peripheral nervous system
namespace: uberon
comment: TODO - check ANS, PNS
synonym: "autonomic division of peripheral nervous system" EXACT [FMA:65553]
synonym: "autonomic part of peripheral nervous system" EXACT [FMA:65553]
synonym: "divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:65553, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:65553, FMA:TA]
synonym: "peripheral autonomic nervous system" EXACT [FMA:65553]
synonym: "peripheral part of autonomic nervous system" EXACT [FMA:65553]
xref: EHDAA2:0000158
xref: EHDAA:3767
xref: EMAPA:16984
xref: FMA:65553
xref: MESH:A08.800.050
xref: SCTID:429921001
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011216  ! organ system subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005434
name: cervical region
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cervical region" EXACT [FMA:24219]
synonym: "neck subdivision" EXACT [FMA:24219]
synonym: "region of neck" EXACT [FMA:24219]
synonym: "subdivision of neck" EXACT [FMA:24219]
xref: FMA:24219
xref: SCTID:123958008
is_a: UBERON:0011676  ! axial subdivision of organism
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005435
name: cisterna chyli
namespace: uberon
def: "The cisterna chyli (or cysterna chyli, and etymologically more correct, receptaculum chyli) is a dilated sac at the lower end of the thoracic duct into which lymph from the intestinal trunk and two lumbar lymphatic trunks flow." [Wikipedia:Cisterna_chyli]
synonym: "Atypical confluence of lymph trunks" EXACT [FMA:5835]
synonym: "Chyle cistern" EXACT [FMA:5835]
synonym: "Cistern of Pecquet" EXACT [FMA:5835]
synonym: "chyle cistern" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cisterna_chyli]
synonym: "cysterna chyli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cisterna_chyli]
xref: EHDAA2:0000253
xref: EHDAA:8679
xref: FMA:5835
xref: SCTID:279088007
xref: UMLS:C0008840
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray599.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Chyle_Cistern
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001631 ! thoracic duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005436
name: common hepatic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the common hepatic artery is a short blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, pylorus (a part of the stomach), duodenum (a part of the small intestine) and pancreas. It arises from the celiac artery and has the following branches:" [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_artery]
synonym: "arteria hepatica communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_artery]
synonym: "common hepatic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0000308
xref: EHDAA:8570
xref: FMA:14771
xref: SCTID:244263001
xref: galen:CommonHepaticArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray532.png
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001640 ! celiac artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005437
name: conus medullaris
namespace: uberon
def: "The conus medullaris is the terminal end of the spinal cord. It occurs near lumbar vertebral levels 1 (L1) and 2 (L2). After the spinal cord tapers out, the spinal nerves continue as dangling nerve roots called cauda equina. This terminal nerve root tail is referred to as the filum terminale. The upper end of the conus medullaris is usually not well defined." [Wikipedia:Conus_medullaris]
synonym: "medullary cone" EXACT []
synonym: "termination of the spinal cord" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000315
xref: EHDAA:6684
xref: EMAPA:18219
xref: FMA:74897
xref: SCTID:315472009
xref: UMLS:C0149601
xref: VHOG:0000546
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Gray662.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Conus_Medullaris
is_a: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
property_value: external_definition "The conical end of the spinal cord, which continues with the filum terminale. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005438
name: coronary sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The coronary sinus is a collection of veins joined together to form a large vessel that collects blood from the myocardium of the heart. It is present in humans and other animals. The coronary sinus opens into the right atrium, between the inferior vena cava and the auriculo-ventricular opening. It returns the blood from the substance of the heart, and is protected by a semicircular fold of the lining membrane of the auricle, the coronary valve. (valve of Thebesius). The sinus, before entering the auricle, is considerably dilated - nearly to the size of the end of the little finger. Its wall is partly muscular, and at its junction with the great coronary vein is somewhat constricted and furnished with a valve consisting of two unequal segments. - Gray 462" [Wikipedia:Coronary_sinus]
synonym: "sinus coronarius" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronary_sinus]
xref: EHDAA2:0000320
xref: EHDAA:9884
xref: FMA:4706
xref: SCTID:244386006
xref: UMLS:C0456944
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray491.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Coronary_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0003498  ! heart blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0003920  ! venous blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005439
name: definitive endoderm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Embryonic endoderm" EXACT [FMA:85519]
xref: EFO:0002574
xref: EHDAA2:0000337
xref: EHDAA:218
xref: EMAPA:16070
xref: FMA:85519
xref: VHOG:0000751
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005440
name: ductus arteriosus
namespace: uberon
def: "A fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta[MESH]. In the developing fetus, the ductus arteriosus is a shunt connecting the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus' fluid-filled lungs, protecting the lungs from being overworked and allowing the left ventricle to strengthen. There are two other fetal shunts, the ductus venosus and the foramen ovale[MP]. the fetal vessel that connects the left pulmonary artery with the descending aorta; the ductus arteriosus normally regresses into a fibrous cord, the ligamentum arteriousum after birth[MP]" [MESH:A07.541.278.395, MP:0010564, Wikipedia:Ductus_arteriosus]
synonym: "Botallo's duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ductus_arteriosus]
synonym: "arterial canal" RELATED [MP:0010564]
synonym: "arterial duct" RELATED [MP:0010564]
synonym: "ductus Botallo" EXACT [MP:0010564]
synonym: "ductus arteriosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ductus_arteriosus]
synonym: "ductus arteriosum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ductus_arteriosus]
synonym: "ductus botalli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ductus_arteriosus]
synonym: "ductus layton" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ductus_arteriosus]
synonym: "fetal ductus arteriosus" RELATED [MP:0010564]
xref: EFO:0002515
xref: EHDAA2:0000420
xref: EHDAA:6462
xref: EMAPA:17858
xref: FMA:79871
xref: MA:0001947
xref: MESH:A07.541.278.395
xref: SCTID:253684002
xref: UMLS:C0013273
xref: VHOG:0000923
xref: galen:DuctusArteriosus
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray502.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ductus_Arteriosus
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003498  ! heart blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002012 ! pulmonary artery
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003123 ! aortic arch 6
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003123 ! aortic arch 6
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004571 ! systemic arterial system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011695 ! embryonic cardiovascular system
property_value: external_definition "The temporary channel or blood vessel between the aorta and pulmonary artery in the fetus. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "On the other hand, in the sister clade of the actinopterygians, the sarcopterygians, the gill circulation is supplemented with lung ventilation. As a result, the pulmonary artery and vein and a functional ductus arteriosus arose as a major evolutionary innovation from the sixth arch, giving the organism a flexible shunt to balance blood supply to and from gills and lungs according to environmental conditions.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005441
name: external intercostal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Intercostales externi (External intercostals) are eleven in number on either side. They extend from the tubercles of the ribs behind, to the cartilages of the ribs in front, where they end in thin membranes, the anterior intercostal membranes, which are continued forward to the sternum. Each arises from the lower border of a rib, and is inserted into the upper border of the rib below. In the two lower spaces they extend to the ends of the cartilages, and in the upper two or three spaces they do not quite reach the ends of the ribs. They are thicker than the Intercostales interni, and their fibers are directed obliquely downward and laterally on the back of the thorax, and downward, forward, and medially on the front (the example is often used of sticking one's hands in their pocket and noting the direction of the fingers pointing downward and medially)." [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
synonym: "external intercostal muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
synonym: "external intercostals" RELATED [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
synonym: "intercostal muscle external layer" RELATED [MA:0002325]
synonym: "intercostales externi" RELATED [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
synonym: "intercostales externi muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
synonym: "intercostales externi muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
synonym: "intercostales externus" EXACT [MA:0002325]
synonym: "intercostalis externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
synonym: "intercostals external" RELATED [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
synonym: "intercostals external muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
synonym: "musculi intercostales externi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_intercostal_muscles]
xref: EHDAA2:0000465
xref: EHDAA:8260
xref: FMA:9756
xref: MA:0002325
xref: SCTID:244878003
xref: UMLS:C1744535
xref: VHOG:0000904
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Gray411.png
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Intercostal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001111  ! intercostal muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010974 ! external intercostal pre-muscle mass
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003727 ! intercostal nerve
property_value: homology_notes "Behind the thorax, the lateral group (of muscles in reptiles and mammals) remains essentially as for amphibians. (It breaks into three sheet-like layers: external oblique muscle, the internal oblique, and the transversus). More anteriorly, however, the ribs, now enlarged, penetrate and alter this group of muscles. The transversus is excluded from the thorax and the external and internal obliques become, respectively, the external and internal intercostal muscles, which contribute to the new function of ventilation of the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005442
name: external oblique
namespace: uberon
def: "The external oblique muscle (of the abdomen) (also external abdominal oblique muscle) is the largest and the most superficial (outermost) of the three flat muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen." [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "abdominal external oblique muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0000788]
synonym: "external abdominal oblique" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "external abdominal oblique muscle" EXACT [FMA:13335, Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "external oblique" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "external oblique abdominal muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "external oblique abdominis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "external oblique abdominis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "external oblique muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "m. obliquus externus abdominis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "oblique strength" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus abdominis externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus externus abdominis" EXACT [MA:0002345, Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus externus abdominis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_external_oblique_muscle]
xref: EHDAA2:0000469
xref: EHDAA:8248
xref: EMAPA:18162
xref: FMA:13335
xref: MA:0002345
xref: SCTID:244946005
xref: UMLS:C0224375
xref: VHOG:0000788
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Illu_trunk_muscles.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Oblique_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002461  ! anterior abdominal wall muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010975 ! external oblique pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006204 ! inguinal ligament
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003727 ! intercostal nerve
property_value: homology_notes "Behind the thorax, the lateral group (of muscles in reptiles and mammals) remains essentially as for amphibians. (It breaks into three sheet-like layers: external oblique muscle, the internal oblique, and the transversus). More anteriorly, however, the ribs, now enlarged, penetrate and alter this group of muscles. The transversus is excluded from the thorax and the external and internal obliques become, respectively, the external and internal intercostal muscles, which contribute to the new function of ventilation of the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005443
name: filum terminale
namespace: uberon
def: "The filum terminale (\"terminal thread\"), is a delicate strand of fibrous tissue, about 20 cm. in length, proceeding downward from the apex of the conus medullaris. It gives longitudinal support to the spinal cord and consists of two parts: The upper part, or filum terminale internum, is about 15 cm. long and reaches as far as the lower border of the second sacral vertebra. It is continuous above with the pia mater and contained within a tubular sheath of the dura mater. In addition, it is surrounded by the nerves forming the cauda equina, from which it can be easily recognized by its bluish-white color. The lower part, or filum terminale externum, closely adheres to the dura mater. It extends downward from the apex of the tubular sheath and is attached to the back of the first segment of the coccyx in a structure sometimes referred to as the coccygeal ligament. The most inferior of the spinal nerves, the coccygeal nerve leaves the spinal cord at the level of the conus medullaris, superior to the filum terminale. However, adhering to the outer surface of the filum terminale are a few strands of nerve fibers which probably represent rudimentary second and third coccygeal nerves. Furthermore, the central canal of the spinal cord extends 5 to 6 cm. beyond the conus medullaris, downward into the filum terminale." [Wikipedia:Filum_terminale]
synonym: "coccygeal ligament" RELATED []
synonym: "filum terminale segment of pia mater" EXACT [FMA:83977]
synonym: "pars pialis fili terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83977, FMA:TA]
synonym: "terminal filum" EXACT [FMA:83977]
xref: EHDAA2:0000510
xref: EHDAA:6686
xref: EMAPA:18220
xref: FMA:83977
xref: SCTID:361344005
xref: VHOG:0000547
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Gray662.png
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
property_value: external_definition "The slender, thread-like continuation of the spinal cord below the origin of the lumbar nerves. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005444
name: obsolete first polar body
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: belongs in CL
synonym: "polocytus primarius" EXACT [FMA:18650]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005445
name: segment of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A segment of autopod that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot region" BROAD [FMA:24993]
synonym: "foot subdivision" EXACT [FMA:24993]
synonym: "regio pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24993, FMA:TA]
synonym: "segment of foot" EXACT [FMA:24993]
synonym: "subdivision of foot" EXACT [FMA:24993]
xref: FMA:24993
xref: SCTID:362887000
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
is_a: UBERON:0012139  ! segment of autopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0012139  ! segment of autopod
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005446
name: foramen rotundum
namespace: uberon
def: "The foramen rotundum is a circular hole in the sphenoid bone that connects the middle cranial fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa." [Wikipedia:Foramen_rotundum]
comment: AAO to be checked
synonym: "foramen rotundum of the skull" RELATED [Wikipedia:Foramen_rotundum]
synonym: "foramen rotundum ossis sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foramen_rotundum]
synonym: "round foramen" RELATED [VHOG:0001543]
xref: AAO:0000194
xref: EHDAA2:0000552
xref: EHDAA:10629
xref: EMAPA:18712
xref: FMA:53154
xref: SCTID:369439002
xref: VHOG:0001543
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray145.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
property_value: external_definition "A circular hole in the sphenoid bone that connects the middle cranial fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa.vity. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foramen_rotundum][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It is suggested that the mammalian lamina ascendens arose from an upgrowth of the root of the quadrate ramus of the epipterygoid in cynodonts, separating foramen rotundum from foramen ovale.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005447
name: obsolete bladder fundus
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0006081  ! fundus of gallbladder
consider: UBERON:0006082  ! fundus of urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005448
name: greater omentum
namespace: uberon
def: "The greater omentum (also the great omentum, omentum majus, gastrocolic omentum, epiploC6n, or, especially in animals, caul) is a large fold of peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach, and extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon." [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
synonym: "caul" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
synonym: "epiploC6n" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
synonym: "epiploic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
synonym: "epiplooen" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
synonym: "epiploon" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
synonym: "gastrocolic omentum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
synonym: "great omentum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
synonym: "omentectomy" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
synonym: "omentum majus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_omentum]
xref: EHDAA2:0000720
xref: EHDAA:6071
xref: EMAPA:18660
xref: EMAPA:18904
xref: EV:0100085
xref: FMA:9580
xref: SCTID:362711003
xref: UMLS:C0230259
xref: VHOG:0000356
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray1035.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Greater_Omentum
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003688  ! omentum
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001164 ! greater curvature of stomach
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002296 ! dorsal mesentery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005602 ! dorsal mesogastrium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0003887 ! intraembryonic coelom
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001178 ! visceral peritoneum
property_value: external_definition "A filmy, transparent double fold of the peritoneum, draping the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine. It is attached along the greater curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005449
name: greater sac
namespace: uberon
synonym: "general cavity of the abdomen" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_sac]
synonym: "peritoneal cavity greater sac" EXACT [MA:0000448]
synonym: "peritoneum of the peritoneal cavity proper" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_sac]
xref: EHDAA2:0004738
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0000722
xref: EHDAA:2327
xref: EMAPA:16885
xref: EMAPA:18453
xref: FMA:19799
xref: MA:0000448
xref: VHOG:0000858
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray1035.png
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005450
name: greater sac cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "the cavity in the abdomen that is inside the peritoneum but outside of the lesser sac. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Greater_sac]
synonym: "cavity of greater sac" EXACT [FMA:9691]
synonym: "cavum peritonei" EXACT [FMA:9691]
synonym: "greater peritoneal cavity" EXACT [FMA:9691]
synonym: "greater sac lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000724]
xref: EHDAA2:0000724
xref: EMAPA:16886
xref: EMAPA:18454
xref: FMA:9691
xref: VHOG:0000528
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0005449 ! greater sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005449 ! greater sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0005449 ! greater sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005451
name: segment of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A segment of autopod that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand region" BROAD [FMA:24945]
synonym: "hand subdivision" EXACT [FMA:24945]
synonym: "regio manus" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "segment of hand" EXACT [FMA:24945]
synonym: "subdivision of hand" EXACT [FMA:24945]
xref: FMA:24945
xref: SCTID:127950000
is_a: UBERON:0008785  ! upper limb segment
is_a: UBERON:0012139  ! segment of autopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0012139  ! segment of autopod
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005452
name: hepatic lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "Composed of hepatocytes, usually only one cell thick. The spaces between hepatic plates are occupied by sinusoids." [ISBN:0387949542]
synonym: "hepatic cord" EXACT [FMA:14655]
synonym: "hepatic lamina" EXACT [FMA:14655]
synonym: "hepatic plate" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:14655]
synonym: "lamina hepatica" EXACT [FMA:14655]
synonym: "liver cell plate" EXACT [FMA:14655]
xref: FMA:14655
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001172 ! hepatic acinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005453
name: inferior mesenteric ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "a ganglion located near where the inferior mesenteric artery branches from the abdominal aorta[WP]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_ganglion]
synonym: "ganglion mesentericum inferius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_ganglion]
xref: EHDAA2:0000818
xref: EHDAA:8948
xref: FMA:77590
xref: SCTID:279277007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray848.png
is_a: UBERON:0003964  ! prevertebral ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005454
name: internal oblique
namespace: uberon
def: "The internal oblique muscle (of the abdomen) is the intermediate muscle of the abdomen, lying just underneath the external oblique and just above (superficial to) the transverse abdominal muscle." [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "Obliquus internus abdominis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "abdominal internal oblique" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "abdominal internal oblique muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0000789]
synonym: "internal abdominal oblique" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "internal abdominal oblique muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "internal oblique abdominal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "internal oblique abdominis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "internal oblique abdominis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "internal oblique muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "musculus obliquus internus abdominis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliqui internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus internus abdominis" EXACT [MA:0002346, Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus internus abdominis muscle" EXACT [FMA:13891, Wikipedia:Abdominal_internal_oblique_muscle]
xref: EHDAA2:0000879
xref: EHDAA:8250
xref: EMAPA:18163
xref: FMA:13891
xref: MA:0002346
xref: SCTID:244947001
xref: UMLS:C1512878
xref: VHOG:0000789
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Illu_trunk_muscles.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Oblique_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002461  ! anterior abdominal wall muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006204 ! inguinal ligament
property_value: homology_notes "Behind the thorax, the lateral group (of muscles in reptiles and mammals) remains essentially as for amphibians. (It breaks into three sheet-like layers: external oblique muscle, the internal oblique, and the transversus). More anteriorly, however, the ribs, now enlarged, penetrate and alter this group of muscles. The transversus is excluded from the thorax and the external and internal obliques become, respectively, the external and internal intercostal muscles, which contribute to the new function of ventilation of the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005455
name: interventricular groove
namespace: uberon
synonym: "interventricular sulcus" EXACT [FMA:7223]
xref: EHDAA:1918
xref: EMAPA:17336
xref: FMA:7223
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000884
xref: SCTID:277708006
xref: VHOG:0000790
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006846  ! groove
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005456
name: jugular foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "The jugular foramen is a large aperture in the base of the skull. It is located behind the carotid canal and is formed in front by the petrous portion of the temporal, and behind by the occipital; it is generally larger on the right than on the left side" [Wikipedia:Jugular_foramen]
synonym: "Posterior lacerate foramen" EXACT [FMA:56432]
synonym: "foramen jugulare" RELATED [Wikipedia:Jugular_foramen]
xref: AAO:0000249
xref: EHDAA2:0000893
xref: EHDAA:10631
xref: EMAPA:18713
xref: FMA:56432
xref: SCTID:361735006
xref: UMLS:C0222712
xref: VHOG:0001113
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Foramenjugulare.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Jugular_Foramen
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass braincase and otic capsule opening (AAO:0000051)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Large foramen that houses the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves and is located inside the condyloid fossa.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of a pair of openings between the lateral part of the occipital bone and the petrous part of the temporal bones in the skull. The foramen contains the inferior petrosal sinus; the transverse sinus; some meningeal branches of the occipital and ascending pharyngeal arteries; and the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves. [Free_Online_Medical_Dictionary]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005457
name: left thymus lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A thymus lobe that is in the left side of a thymus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left lobe of thymus" EXACT [FMA:71195]
synonym: "left thymic lobe" EXACT [FMA:71195]
xref: FMA:71195
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000964
xref: SCTID:188079002
is_a: UBERON:0005483  ! thymus lobe
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0005483  ! thymus lobe
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005460
name: left vitelline vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vitelline vein that is in the left side of a multi-cellular organism." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000971
xref: EMAPA:16380
xref: EMAPA:16698
xref: FMA:70307
xref: SCTID:361446008
is_a: UBERON:0005487  ! vitelline vein
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0005487  ! vitelline vein
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005461
name: levator scapulae muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The levator scapulae is situated at the back and side of the neck." [Wikipedia:Levator_scapulae_muscle]
comment: Axial muscle group[Kardong]
synonym: "levator scapul%c3%a6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_scapulae_muscle]
synonym: "levator scapula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_scapulae_muscle]
synonym: "levator scapulae" EXACT [FMA:32519]
synonym: "levator scapulae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_scapulae_muscle]
synonym: "musculus levator scapulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_scapulae_muscle]
xref: AAO:0010689
xref: EHDAA2:0000992
xref: EHDAA:8309
xref: FMA:32519
xref: SCTID:279236008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Levator_scapulae.png
is_a: UBERON:0001482  ! muscle of shoulder
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010983 ! levator scapulae pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0007174 ! medial border of scapula
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000962 ! nerve of cervical vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005462
name: lower back
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of abdominal segment of trunk which in humans is demarcated from the front of the abdomen by the posterior surface of the anterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia and the anterior surface of the lumbar vertebral column; together with the front of the abdomen, it constitutes the abdomen[Modified from FMA]." [FMA:61681]
comment: overlaps with region sometimes called 'loin'
synonym: "abdominal back" EXACT [FMA:61681]
synonym: "back of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:61681]
synonym: "dorsum of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:61681]
synonym: "loin" RELATED [BTO:0001505, Wikipedia:Loin]
synonym: "lower back" EXACT [MA:0000027]
synonym: "lumbar part of back" EXACT [FMA:61681]
synonym: "lumbar region" BROAD [FMA:61681]
synonym: "lumbar region of back" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "posterior part of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:61681]
synonym: "regio lumbalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61681, FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0001505
xref: FMA:61681
xref: MA:0000027
xref: SCTID:182343007
xref: UMLS:C0024090
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Region
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005463
name: marginal sinus of lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The subcapsular sinus (lymph path, lymph sinus, marginal sinus) is a region within the lymph node immediately deep to the capsule that contains relatively sparse lymphocytes. It thus allows lymph to flow freely through it. The lymph node contains lymphoid tissue, i.e. , a meshwork or fibers called reticulum with white blood cells enmeshed in it. The regions where there are few cells within the meshwork are known lymph sinus. It is lined by reticular cells, fibroblasts and fixed macrophages. Thus, subcapsular (sub=below) sinus lies immediately deep to the capsule of the lymph node and immediately above the cortex. It is continuous with the similar lymph sinuses that flank the trabeculae (the extensions of capsule within the substance of the lymph node). The subcapsular sinus is of clinical importance as it is the most likely location where the earliest manifestations of a metastatic carcinoma in a lymph node would be found." [Wikipedia:Subcapsular_sinus]
comment: todo - add syns to disambiguate from rodent speen marginal sinus
synonym: "lymph path" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcapsular_sinus]
synonym: "lymph sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcapsular_sinus]
synonym: "marginal sinus" EXACT [FMA:50766]
synonym: "subcapsular sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcapsular_sinus]
xref: EHDAA2:0001064
xref: EHDAA:8693
xref: FMA:50766
xref: SCTID:361511003
xref: UMLS:C1518051
xref: UMLS:C1518052
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Gray597.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Sinus
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Subcapsular_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005464
name: median sacral artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The median sacral artery (or middle sacral artery) is a small vessel, which arises from the back of the aorta, a little above its bifurcation. It descends in the middle line in front of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrC&, the sacrum and coccyx, and ends in the glomus coccygeum (coccygeal gland). From it, minute branches are said to pass to the posterior surface of the rectum. On the last lumbar vertebra it anastomoses with the lumbar branch of the iliolumbar artery; in front of the sacrum it anastomoses with the lateral sacral arteries, and sends offsets into the anterior sacral foramina. It is crossed by the left common iliac vein, and is accompanied by a pair of venC& comitantes; these unite to form a single vessel, which opens into the left common iliac vein." [Wikipedia:Median_sacral_artery]
synonym: "Middle sacral artery" EXACT [FMA:14757]
synonym: "arteria sacralis mediana" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_sacral_artery]
synonym: "coccygeal branches" RELATED [Wikipedia:Median_sacral_artery]
synonym: "middle sacral" RELATED [Wikipedia:Median_sacral_artery]
synonym: "middle sacral artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Median_sacral_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0001087
xref: EHDAA:2556
xref: EMAPA:19214
xref: FMA:14757
xref: SCTID:244282005
xref: VHOG:0000756
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Gray531.png
is_a: UBERON:0012254  ! abdominal aorta artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005465
name: obturator nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The obturator nerve arises from the ventral divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves; the branch from the third is the largest, while that from the second is often very small." [Wikipedia:Obturator_nerve]
synonym: "nervus obturatorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_nerve]
xref: EHDAA2:0001282
xref: EHDAA:5657
xref: FMA:16487
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.450.600
xref: SCTID:181052006
xref: UMLS:C0028783
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray344.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001815 ! lumbosacral nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005466
name: paravertebral ganglia
namespace: uberon
def: "Along the length of the sympathetic trunk are ganglia known as ganglia of sympathetic trunk or paravertebral ganglia. The ganglia are distinguished as cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral and, except in the neck, they closely correspond in number to the vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia]
synonym: "ganglia of sympathetic trunk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia]
synonym: "ganglia trunci sympathici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia]
synonym: "paravertebral ganglia" EXACT [FMA:80128]
synonym: "paravertebral ganglia set" EXACT [FMA:80128]
synonym: "paravertebral ganglion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia]
synonym: "set of paravertebral ganglia" EXACT [FMA:80128]
synonym: "sympathetic chain ganglia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglia]
xref: EHDAA2:0001403
xref: EHDAA:5635
xref: FMA:80128
xref: SCTID:324478000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray847.png
is_a: UBERON:0001806  ! sympathetic ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005467
name: platysma
namespace: uberon
def: "The platysma is a superficial muscle that overlaps the sternocleidomastoid. It is a broad sheet arising from the fascia covering the upper parts of the pectoralis major and deltoid; its fibers cross the clavicle, and proceed obliquely upward and medially along the side of the neck. The anterior fibers interlace, below and behind the symphysis menti, with the fibers of the muscle of the opposite side; the posterior fibers cross the mandible, some being inserted into the bone below the oblique line, others into the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the lower part of the face. Many of these fibers blend with the muscles about the angle and lower part of the mouth. Sometimes fibers can be traced to the zygomaticus, or to the margin of the orbicularis oculi. Beneath the platysma, the external jugular vein descends from the angle of the mandible to the clavicle." [Wikipedia:Platysma_muscle]
comment: Human variation notes: Variations occur in the extension over the face and over the clavicle and shoulder; it may be absent or interdigitate with the muscle of the opposite side in front of the neck; attachment to clavicle, mastoid process or occipital bone occurs. A more or less independent fasciculus, the occipitalis minor, may extend from the fascia over the trapezius to fascia over the insertion of the sternocleidomastoideus.
synonym: "neck platysma muscle" RELATED [BTO:0005124]
synonym: "platysma cervicale" NARROW SENSU [PMID:19531159]
synonym: "platysma muscle" EXACT [BTO:0005124]
synonym: "platysma myoides" NARROW SENSU [PMID:19531159]
xref: BTO:0005124
xref: EHDAA2:0001474
xref: EHDAA:8270
xref: EMAPA:18190
xref: FMA:45738
xref: SCTID:244754004
xref: UMLS:C1514163
xref: VHOG:0000931
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Platysma.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Platysma_Myoides
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
is_a: UBERON:0004253  ! skin muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010933 ! orbicularis oris muscle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000962 ! nerve of cervical vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010934 ! panniculus carnosus
property_value: external_definition "The platysma is a pharyngeal arch 2 muscle and a superficial facial muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve, and attaches to the skin.[FEED]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "One of these (facial muscles in mammals), the platysma, is an unspecialized muscle derived from the hyoid arch.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005469
name: right thymus lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A thymus lobe that is in the right side of a thymus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right lobe of thymus" EXACT [FMA:71194]
synonym: "right thymic lobe" EXACT [FMA:71194]
xref: FMA:71194
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001758
xref: SCTID:187981000
is_a: UBERON:0005483  ! thymus lobe
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0005483  ! thymus lobe
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005472
name: right vitelline vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vitelline vein that is in the right side of a multi-cellular organism." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001766
xref: EMAPA:16381
xref: EMAPA:16699
xref: FMA:70306
xref: SCTID:361445007
is_a: UBERON:0005487  ! vitelline vein
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0005487  ! vitelline vein
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005473
name: sacral region
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxn notes: Amphibians - 1 sacral vertebra; Living reptiles & most birds - 2 sacral vertebrae; Most mammals - 3 to 5 sacral vertebrae. TODO - split sacral from sacrococcygeal
synonym: "back of pelvis" EXACT [FMA:24228]
synonym: "croup" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Rump_(animal)]
synonym: "pelvic back" EXACT [FMA:24228]
synonym: "posterior part of pelvis" EXACT [FMA:24228]
synonym: "regio sacralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24228, FMA:TA]
synonym: "rump" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Rump_(animal)]
synonym: "sacral part of pelvis" EXACT [FMA:24228]
xref: FMA:24228
xref: SCTID:182344001
is_a: UBERON:0011676  ! axial subdivision of organism
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005474
name: obsolete second polar body
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: belongs in CL
synonym: "Polocytus secundarius" EXACT [FMA:18651]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005475
name: sigmoid sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "a portion of the lateral venous sinus, bulging prominently into the mastoid cavity, that serves as a principal conduit by which blood leaves the cranium[EPIC]. The sigmoid is drained by the internal jugular vein" [Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryS.html]
synonym: "sulcus sigmoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus]
xref: EHDAA2:0001838
xref: EHDAA:9880
xref: EMAPA:19060
xref: FMA:50782
xref: SCTID:279264003
xref: VHOG:0001337
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Sigmoid_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005486  ! venous dural sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001586 ! internal jugular vein
property_value: external_definition "The sigmoid sinuses, within a human head, are 2 areas beneath the brain, which allow blood veins to span the area, from the center of the head downward. They drain from the transverse sinuses (under the back of the brain) to the internal jugular vein. Each sigmoid sinus begins beneath the temporal bone and follows a tortuous course to the jugular foramen, at which point the sinus becomes continuous with the internal jugular vein[Wikipedia:Sigmoid_sinus]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005476
name: spinal nerve trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve trunk that is part of a spinal nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal nerve (trunk)" EXACT [FMA:5929]
synonym: "spinal neural trunk" EXACT [FMA:5929]
synonym: "trunk of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5929]
xref: EHDAA2:0001900
xref: FMA:5929
is_a: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005477
name: stomach fundus epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A simple columnar epithelium that is part of a fundus of stomach." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of fundus of stomach" EXACT [FMA:17277]
synonym: "gastric epithelium of fundus" EXACT [FMA:17277]
synonym: "gastric fundus epithelium" EXACT [FMA:17277]
xref: EHDAA2:0001921
xref: FMA:17277
xref: VHOG:0000878
is_a: UBERON:0001276  ! epithelium of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004994 ! mucosa of fundus of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005478
name: sulcus limitans of neural tube
namespace: uberon
def: "A longitudinal groove in the neural tube wall of the embryo; stretches from the mesencephalon caudad[TMD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Sulcus+limitans]
synonym: "neural tube lateral wall sulcus limitans" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001265]
synonym: "sulcus limitans" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0006846  ! groove
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall
disjoint_from: UBERON:0009573  ! sulcus limitans of fourth ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005479
name: superior mesenteric ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "In the upper part of the superior mesenteric plexus close to the origin of the superior mesenteric artery is a ganglion, the superior mesenteric ganglion. The superior mesenteric ganglion is the synapsing point for one of the pre- and post-synaptic nerves of the sympathetic division of the autonomous nervous system. This nerve goes on to innervate part of the large intestine." [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_ganglion]
synonym: "ganglion mesentericum superius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_ganglion]
synonym: "superior mesenteric ganglia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_ganglion]
xref: EHDAA2:0001950
xref: EHDAA:8950
xref: FMA:77589
xref: SCTID:279276003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png
is_a: UBERON:0003964  ! prevertebral ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005488 ! superior mesenteric plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005480
name: superior orbital fissure
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior orbital fissure is a foramen in the skull, although strictly it is more of a cleft, lying between the lesser and greater wings of the sphenoid bone." [Wikipedia:Superior_orbital_fissure]
comment: TODO add generic foramen class
synonym: "fissura orbitalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_orbital_fissure]
synonym: "sphenoidal fissure" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_orbital_fissure]
xref: EHDAA2:0001952
xref: EHDAA:10650
xref: EMAPA:18718
xref: FMA:54799
xref: SCTID:280559002
xref: VHOG:0000553
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Orbita_mensch.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005481
name: tentorial sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The straight sinus (also known by the alternate anatomical term tentorial sinus), within the human head, is an area beneath the brain, which allows blood veins to span the area, from the center of the head towards the back. It drains from the inferior sagittal sinus (from the center of the brain) to the transverse sinuses (at the back of the head), then to the sigmoid sinuses below the brain. See diagram (at right): labeled in the brain as \"\" . The straight sinus (tentorial sinus) is situated along the junction of the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli. It forms from the confluence of the inferior sagittal sinus and great cerebral vein (great vein of Galen). In cross-section it is triangular, contains a few transverse bands across its interior, and increases in size as it proceeds backward. It receives the superior cerebellar veins. The terminal part of the straight sinus drains into the confluence of the sinuses." [Wikipedia:Straight_sinus]
comment: retired in ncit
synonym: "rectus sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Straight_sinus]
synonym: "sinus rectus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Straight_sinus]
synonym: "straight sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Straight_sinus]
synonym: "straight sinus vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Straight_sinus]
xref: EHDAA2:0002003
xref: EHDAA:9882
xref: FMA:50769
xref: SCTID:279261006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Straight_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005482
name: obsolete region of thorax
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "subdivision of thorax" EXACT [FMA:20358]
synonym: "thoracic region" EXACT [FMA:20358]
synonym: "thoracic subdivision" EXACT [FMA:20358]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005483
name: thymus lobe
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lobe of thymus" EXACT [FMA:71193]
xref: FMA:71193
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002021
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005484
name: tricuspid valve leaflet
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac valve leaflet that is part of a tricuspid valve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "leaflet of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:7237]
synonym: "tricuspid valve leaflet" EXACT [FMA:7237]
synonym: "tricuspid valve leaflets" EXACT [VHOG:0000821]
synonym: "tricuspid valvular leaflet" EXACT [FMA:7237]
xref: EMAPA:18630
xref: FMA:7237
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002082
xref: SCTID:276830008
xref: VHOG:0000821
is_a: UBERON:0011741  ! cardiac valve leaflet
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002134 ! tricuspid valve
intersection_of: UBERON:0011741  ! cardiac valve leaflet
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002134 ! tricuspid valve
property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005485
name: valve of inferior vena cava
namespace: uberon
def: "The valve of the inferior vena cava (eustachian valve) lies at the junction of the inferior vena cava and right atrium. In fetal life, the Eustachian valve helps direct the flow of oxygen-rich blood through the right atrium into the left atrium via the foramen ovale (preventing blood flowing into the right ventricle). Before birth, oxygen rich blood returning from the placenta mixes with blood from the hepatic veins in the inferior vena cava. Streaming this blood across the atrial septum via the foramen ovale increases the oxygen content of blood in the left atrium. This in turn increases the oxygen concentration of blood in the left ventricle, the aorta, the coronary circulation and the circulation of the developing brain. Following birth and separation from the placenta, the oxygen content in the inferior vena cava falls. With the onset of breathing, the left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins. As blood flow to the lungs increases, the amount of blood flow entering the left atrium increases. When the pressure in the left atrium exceeds the pressure in the right atrium, the foramen ovale begins to close and limits the blood flow between the left and right atrium. While the Eustachian valve persists in adult life, it is essentially vestigial. Eustachian Valve (EV), also called valvulae venae cavae inferioris, was described for the first time by the Italian anatomist: Bartolomeo Eustachi (born between 1500 and 1513, died 1574)." [Wikipedia:Valve_of_inferior_vena_cava]
comment: editor note: this class should be subdivided into the embryonic structure and the vestigial adult remnant, a small endocardialfold
synonym: "eustachean valve" EXACT [FMA:9240]
synonym: "eustachian valve" EXACT [FMA:9240]
synonym: "inferior vena cava valve" EXACT [FMA:9240]
synonym: "valve of the inferior vena cava" RELATED [Wikipedia:Valve_of_inferior_vena_cava]
synonym: "valvula venae cavae inferioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Valve_of_inferior_vena_cava]
xref: EHDAA2:0002166
xref: EHDAA:8631
xref: FMA:9240
xref: SCTID:277722006
xref: UMLS:C0225848
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray493.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Eustachian_Valve
is_a: UBERON:0000946  ! cardial valve
is_a: UBERON:0006675  ! venous valve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001072 ! inferior vena cava

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005486
name: venous dural sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The dural venous sinuses (also called dural sinuses, cerebral sinuses, or cranial sinuses) are venous channels found between layers of dura mater in the brain.[1] They receive blood from internal and external veins of the brain, receive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space, and ultimately empty into the internal jugular vein." [Wikipedia:Dural_venous_sinuses]
comment: editor note: the MA placement should be checked
synonym: "cranial dural venous sinus" EXACT [FMA:50762]
synonym: "dural sinus" EXACT [FMA:50762]
synonym: "dural vein" EXACT [MA:0002113]
synonym: "dural venous sinus" EXACT [FMA:50762]
synonym: "s. durae matris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dural_venous_sinuses]
synonym: "venous dural" EXACT [EHDAA:6491]
synonym: "venous dural sinus" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002169]
xref: EHDAA2:0002169
xref: EHDAA:6491
xref: EMAPA:18634
xref: FMA:50762
xref: MA:0002113
xref: SCTID:54944003
xref: VHOG:0001004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif
is_a: UBERON:0003499  ! brain blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0006615  ! venous sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003711 ! brachiocephalic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005487
name: vitelline vein
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two veins which drain blood from the yolk sac. They run upward at first in front, and subsequently on either side of the intestinal canal. They unite on the ventral aspect of the canal, and beyond this are connected to one another by two anastomotic branches, one on the dorsal, and the other on the ventral aspect of the duodenal portion of the intestine, which is thus encircled by two venous rings; into the middle or dorsal anastomosis the superior mesenteric vein opens. The portions of the veins above the upper ring become interrupted by the developing liver and broken up by it into a plexus of small capillary-like vessels termed sinusoids." [Wikipedia:Vitelline_veins]
comment: AO notes: check zfa (no text def). Check vitelline/omphalomesenteric distinction in XAO
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "embryonic vitelline vein" EXACT [VHOG:0000401]
synonym: "omphalomesenteric vein" RELATED [EMAPA:16244]
synonym: "vein of omphalomesenteric system" RELATED []
synonym: "vena vitellina" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Vitelline_veins]
xref: EMAPA:16244
xref: EMAPA:16379
xref: EMAPA:26151
xref: FMA:70305
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002209
xref: SCTID:2730004
xref: SCTID:308832003
xref: TAO:0005035
xref: UMLS:C0231091
xref: VHOG:0000401
xref: XAO:0000376
xref: XAO:0004147
xref: ZFA:0005035
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Gray475.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vitelline_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0013140  ! systemic vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system
property_value: external_definition "One of two veins that run upward at first in front, and subsequently on either side of the intestinal canal. They unite on the ventral aspect of the canal, and beyond this are connected to one another by two anastomotic branches, one on the dorsal, and the other on the ventral aspect of the duodenal portion of the intestine, which is thus encircled by two venous rings; into the middle or dorsal anastomosis the superior mesenteric vein opens. The portions of the veins above the upper ring become interrupted by the developing liver and broken up by it into a plexus of small capillary-like vessels termed sinusoids.[XAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Within each vertebrate group, the veins compose a few main functional systems that arise embryologically from what seems to be a common developmental pattern. (...) Early in development, three major sets of paired veins are present: the vitelline veins from the yolk sac, the cardinal veins from the body of the embryo itself, and the lateral abdominal veins from the pelvic region. The paired vitelline veins are among the first vessels to appear in the embryo. They arise over the yolk and follow the yolk stalk into the body. They then turn anteriorly, continue along the gut, and enter the sinus venosus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005488
name: superior mesenteric plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior mesenteric plexus is a continuation of the lower part of the celiac plexus, receiving a branch from the junction of the right vagus nerve with the plexus. It surrounds the superior mesenteric artery, accompanies it into the mesentery, and divides into a number of secondary plexuses, which are distributed to all the parts supplied by the artery, viz. , pancreatic branches to the pancreas; intestinal branches to the small intestine; and ileocolic, right colic, and middle colic branches, which supply the corresponding parts of the great intestine. The nerves composing this plexus are white in color and firm in texture; in the upper part of the plexus close to the origin of the superior mesenteric artery is the superior mesenteric ganglion." [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_plexus]
synonym: "plexus mesentericus superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6639, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_plexus]
synonym: "superior mesenteric nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:6639]
xref: FMA:6639
xref: SCTID:362493003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray848.png
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005489
name: anterior interventricular sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventricles of the heart are separated by two grooves, one of which, the anterior longitudinal sulcus (or anterior interventricular sulcus), is situated on the sternocostal surface of the heart, close to its left margin. The other groove separating the ventricles is the posterior interventricular sulcus." [Wikipedia:Anterior_interventricular_sulcus]
synonym: "anterior interventricular groove" EXACT [FMA:7177, Wikipedia:Anterior_interventricular_sulcus]
synonym: "anterior longitudinal sulcus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_interventricular_sulcus]
synonym: "sulcus interventricularis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_interventricular_sulcus]
xref: FMA:7177
xref: SCTID:277710008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray492.png
is_a: UBERON:0005455  ! interventricular groove

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005490
name: posterior interventricular sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventricles are separated by two grooves, one of which, the anterior longitudinal sulcus, is situated on the sternocostal surface of the heart, close to its left margin, the other posterior longitudinal sulcus (posterior interventricular sulcus, inferior interventricular groove), on the diaphragmatic surface near the right margin. In it run the posterior interventricular artery and middle cardiac vein." [Wikipedia:Posterior_interventricular_sulcus]
synonym: "diaphragmatic interventricular groove" EXACT [FMA:7178]
synonym: "inferior interventricular groove" EXACT [FMA:7178]
synonym: "posterior interventricular groove" EXACT [FMA:7178, Wikipedia:Posterior_interventricular_sulcus]
synonym: "posterior longitudinal sulci" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_interventricular_sulcus]
synonym: "posterior longitudinal sulcus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_interventricular_sulcus]
synonym: "sulcus interventricularis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_interventricular_sulcus]
xref: FMA:7178
xref: SCTID:277711007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray491.png
is_a: UBERON:0005455  ! interventricular groove

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005491
name: glossopharyngeal neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial neural crest which gives rise to the glossopharyngeal ganglion." [ZFA:0007066]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: EHDAA2:0000714
xref: EHDAA:660
xref: TAO:0007066
xref: ZFA:0007066
is_a: UBERON:0003099  ! cranial neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005492
name: hyaloid vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "blood vessel of transient vascular system of the eye during development, that normally nourishes the retina, immature lens and primary vitreous of the developing eye." [MP:0001289]
comment: note we are currently conflating vessel and vasculature - we may wish to split this class - see also vascular plexus term
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hyaloid capillary system" RELATED [MP:0001289]
synonym: "hyaloid vascular system" RELATED [MP:0001289]
synonym: "hyaloid vasculature" RELATED [ZFA:0005046]
synonym: "hyaloid vessels" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0005046]
xref: EHDAA:4735
xref: TAO:0005046
xref: VHOG:0000232
xref: XAO:0004154
xref: ZFA:0005046
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002203 ! vasculature of eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005493
name: hyoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a group of muscles used in mastication and swallowing. These muscles are attached to the hyoid bone, which is suspended in the neck and forms the base of the tongue and larynx. In humans, the muscles are divided into suprahyoid (superior) or infrahyoid (inferior) groups relative to the bone[WP, generalized]." [http://www.answers.com/topic/hyoid-muscles]
comment: Editor notes: PMID:19531159 states that facial muscles are hyoid muscles
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "hyoid muscles" EXACT [ZFA:0000521]
xref: EFO:0003536
xref: EHDAA2:0000794
xref: SCTID:244823009
xref: TAO:0000521
xref: UMLS:C0448345
xref: VHOG:0001494
xref: ZFA:0000521
xref: ncithesaurus:Hyoid_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0005884 ! hyoid arch skeleton
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002036 ! striated muscle tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010348 ! hyoid pre-muscle mass
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004467 ! musculature of pharynx
property_value: homology_notes "Although the zebrafish occupies a rather derived phylogenetic position within actinopterygians and even within teleosts, with respect to the mandibular, hyoid and hypobranchial muscles it seems justified to consider it an appropriate representative of these two groups. Among these muscles, the three with clear homologues in tetrapods and the further three identified in sarcopterygian fish are particularly appropriate for comparisons of results between the actinopterygian zebrafish and the sarcopterygians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005494
name: intermediate mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3515562&group_id=76834&atid=994726]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: EHDAA2:0000871
xref: EHDAA:689
xref: TAO:0000990
xref: VHOG:0000261
xref: ZFA:0000990
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005495
name: midbrain lateral wall
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral wall mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000455]
synonym: "lateral wall midbrain" EXACT [ZFA:0000906]
xref: EHDAA2:0001171
xref: EHDAA:3700
xref: EMAPA:16976
xref: TAO:0000906
xref: VHOG:0000455
xref: ZFA:0000906
is_a: UBERON:0005496  ! neural tube lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005496
name: neural tube lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue on the side of the lumen of the neural tube." [ZFA:0001435]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall neural tube" EXACT [ZFA:0001435]
xref: EHDAA2:0001257
xref: EHDAA:2873
xref: EHDAA:912
xref: TAO:0001435
xref: VHOG:0000513
xref: ZFA:0001435
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005497
name: non-neural ectoderm
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: After gastrulation, neural crest cells are specified at the border of the neural plate and the non-neural ectoderm. Editor note: todo - epidermis? todo - track down EHDAA2 class in new release // Gene notes: One of the first genes to be expressed in nonneural ectoderm in amphioxus is BMP2/4 (Panopoulou et al. 1998). BMP2/4 homologues appear to have a very ancient role in distinguishing neural from nonneural ectoderm; in Drosophila as well as in amphioxus and vertebrates, BMP2/4 homologues are expressed in nonneural ectoderm and function in distinguishing neural from nonneural ectoderm (Francois & Bier, 1995 ; Sasai et al. 1995 ; Wilson & Hemmati-Brivanlou, 1995; Panopoulou et al. 1998). A change in level of BMP2/4 from very high in nonneural ectoderm to low in neural ectoderm appears to be a key factor in development of neural crest (Baker & Bronner-Fraser,1997a,1997b;Erickson&Reedy,1998;Marchantet al.1998 ;Selleck et al. 1998)
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "epidermal ectoderm" NARROW [UBERONREF:0000002]
synonym: "epithelial ectoderm" NARROW [UBERONREF:0000002]
synonym: "non neural ectoderm" EXACT [ZFA:0001178]
synonym: "surface ectoderm" RELATED [UBERONREF:0000002]
synonym: "ventral ectoderm" EXACT [ZFA:0001178]
xref: EFO:0003643
xref: EHDAA:257
xref: EMAPA:16074
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001273
xref: TAO:0001178
xref: VHOG:0001372
xref: XAO:0004091
xref: ZFA:0001178
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002346
property_value: homology_notes "In the early gastrula of vertebrates, factors from the organizer (e.g. noggin, chordin, and follistatin in Xenopus) antagonize the epidermalizing factor bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), thus dividing the epiblast into neuroectoderm. In Drosophila, decapentaplegic, the homologue of BMP4, interacts similarly with the protein short gastrulation, the homologue of chordin. Thus, a comparable molecular mechanism for distinguishing non-neural ectoderm from neural ectoderm was probably present in the common ancestor of all bilaterally symmetrical animals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005498
name: primitive heart tube
namespace: uberon
def: "Multi-tissue structure that arises from the heart rudiment and will become the heart tube." [ZFA:0000149]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: EHDAA2:0001512
xref: EHDAA:436
xref: EMAPA:16215
xref: SCTID:361522004
xref: TAO:0000149
xref: ZFA:0000149
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004291 ! heart rudiment

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005499
name: rhombomere 1
namespace: uberon
def: "Hindbrain segment or neuromere 1." [ZFA:0001031]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "r1" EXACT [ZFA:0001031]
xref: EFO:0003608
xref: EHDAA2:0001637
xref: EMAPA:16290
xref: EMAPA:16480
xref: EMAPA:16918
xref: EMAPA:17092
xref: TAO:0001031
xref: ZFA:0001031
is_a: UBERON:0001892  ! rhombomere
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007289 ! presumptive rhombomere 1
property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: rhombomere_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005500
name: rhombomere floor plate
namespace: uberon
synonym: "floor plate hindbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0001019]
synonym: "floor plate rhombencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0001019]
synonym: "floor plate rhombomere region" EXACT [ZFA:0001258]
synonym: "floorplate hindbrain" RELATED [VHOG:0001019]
synonym: "rhombencephalon floor plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004324]
xref: EHDAA2:0004324
xref: TAO:0001258
xref: VHOG:0001019
xref: ZFA:0001258
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere
property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005501
name: rhombomere lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural tube lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0005496  ! neural tube lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere
intersection_of: UBERON:0005496  ! neural tube lateral wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005502
name: rhombomere roof plate
namespace: uberon
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere" EXACT [TAO:0001311]
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere region" EXACT [ZFA:0001311]
synonym: "roof plate rhombomeres" EXACT [VHOG:0001018]
xref: TAO:0001311
xref: VHOG:0001018
xref: ZFA:0001311
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001892 ! rhombomere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005507
name: rhombomere 3
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "r3" EXACT [ZFA:0000948]
xref: EFO:0003596
xref: EHDAA2:0001657
xref: EMAPA:16297
xref: EMAPA:16488
xref: EMAPA:16932
xref: EMAPA:17106
xref: TAO:0000948
xref: XAO:0004081
xref: ZFA:0000948
is_a: UBERON:0001892  ! rhombomere
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007290 ! presumptive rhombomere 3
property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: rhombomere_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005511
name: rhombomere 4
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "r4" EXACT [ZFA:0001032]
xref: EFO:0003609
xref: EHDAA2:0001667
xref: EMAPA:16301
xref: EMAPA:16492
xref: EMAPA:16939
xref: EMAPA:17113
xref: TAO:0001032
xref: XAO:0004082
xref: ZFA:0001032
is_a: UBERON:0001892  ! rhombomere
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007291 ! presumptive rhombomere 4
property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: rhombomere_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005515
name: rhombomere 5
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "r5" EXACT [ZFA:0000823]
xref: EFO:0003580
xref: EHDAA2:0001677
xref: EMAPA:16305
xref: EMAPA:16496
xref: EMAPA:16946
xref: EMAPA:17120
xref: TAO:0000823
xref: XAO:0004083
xref: ZFA:0000823
is_a: UBERON:0001892  ! rhombomere
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007292 ! presumptive rhombomere 5
property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: rhombomere_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005519
name: rhombomere 6
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "r6" EXACT [ZFA:0000069]
xref: EFO:0003480
xref: EHDAA2:0001687
xref: EMAPA:16500
xref: EMAPA:16953
xref: EMAPA:17127
xref: TAO:0000069
xref: XAO:0004084
xref: ZFA:0000069
is_a: UBERON:0001892  ! rhombomere
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007293 ! presumptive rhombomere 6
property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: rhombomere_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005523
name: rhombomere 7
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "r7" EXACT [ZFA:0000949]
xref: EFO:0003597
xref: EHDAA2:0001697
xref: EMAPA:16504
xref: EMAPA:16960
xref: EMAPA:17134
xref: TAO:0000949
xref: ZFA:0000949
is_a: UBERON:0001892  ! rhombomere
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007294 ! presumptive rhombomere 7
property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: rhombomere_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005527
name: rhombomere 8
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "r8" EXACT [ZFA:0000153]
xref: EFO:0003500
xref: EHDAA2:0001707
xref: EMAPA:16508
xref: EMAPA:16967
xref: EMAPA:17141
xref: TAO:0000153
xref: ZFA:0000153
is_a: UBERON:0001892  ! rhombomere
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007295 ! presumptive rhombomere 8
property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: rhombomere_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005561
name: telencephalon lateral wall
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000785]
xref: EHDAA2:0001985
xref: EHDAA:3504
xref: EMAPA:16656
xref: TAO:0000785
xref: VHOG:0000023
xref: ZFA:0000785
is_a: UBERON:0005496  ! neural tube lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: external_definition "Lateral wall that is part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005562
name: thymus primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "A small outgrowth of the pharyngeal epithelium that is the site of lymphocyte cell production[ZFA]. [PMID]." [ZFA:0001077]
comment: Editor notes: we follow Kardong table 13.1 in having some developmental contribution of pouch 4 in mammals, but this isn't reflected in EHDAA2. Development notes: Consider adding distinct term for mesenchyme (see EHDAA2), to indicate NC constribution. Taxon notes: variability of developmental origin: In fish, thymic primordia are generated by all the pouches except the first. However, in avians the thymus arises from pouches 3 and 4, whereas in humans it is only generated by the third pouch[PMID:16313389] The thymus arises from the second pouch in frogs, 2-6 in cartilaginous fish, 2-3 in reptiles, 3 or 4 in bony fish, birds and mammals. The final number is variable - 5 paired organs in sharks, 4 in caecilians, 3 in urodeles, 1 in many teleost, anurans and many mammals[ISBN-10:0781714125]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "thymic primordium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thymic rudiment" EXACT [ZFA:0001077]
xref: EFO:0003622
xref: EHDAA2:0002023
xref: EHDAA:2969
xref: EMAPA:17523
xref: EMAPA:18536
xref: TAO:0001077
xref: ZFA:0001077
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
is_a: UBERON:0003351  ! pharyngeal epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 ! early pharyngeal endoderm
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005428 ! vagal neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003295 ! pharyngeal gland
property_value: external_definition "A small outgrowth of the pharyngeal epithelium that is the site of lymphocyte cell production. Willett et al, 1999.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005563
name: trigeminal neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial neural crest which gives rise to the trigeminal ganglion." [ZFA:0000080]
comment: Editor note: todo - compare ZFA and EHDAA2 representation
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: EFO:0003484
xref: EHDAA2:0002083
xref: EHDAA:667
xref: EMAPA:16170
xref: TAO:0000080
xref: VHOG:0000269
xref: ZFA:0000080
is_a: UBERON:0003099  ! cranial neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0007530  ! migrating mesenchyme population
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005564
name: gonad primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that gives rise to the immature gonad." [ZFA:0001262]
comment: Taxon notes: this is a very broad grouping class
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "gonadal primordium" EXACT [ZFA:0001262]
synonym: "undifferentiated gonad" EXACT [ZFA:0001262]
xref: EFO:0003651
xref: EHDAA:5927
xref: EMAPA:17204
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002148
xref: TAO:0001262
xref: WBbt:0008366
xref: ZFA:0001262
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000991 ! gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system
property_value: external_definition "Immature reproductive tissue that has not undergone final maturation into either testis or ovary.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005565
name: facio-acoustic neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial neural crest that gives rise to the facio-acoustic ganglion." [ZFA:0000762]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "facio acoustic neural crest" EXACT [ZFA:0000762]
xref: EHDAA2:0000492
xref: EHDAA:658
xref: EMAPA:16312
xref: TAO:0000762
xref: VHOG:0000268
xref: ZFA:0000762
is_a: UBERON:0003099  ! cranial neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0007530  ! migrating mesenchyme population
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003849 ! mesencephalic neural crest
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005566
name: rhombomere 1 floor plate
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate r1" EXACT [ZFA:0000882]
synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 1" EXACT [ZFA:0000882]
xref: EFO:0003584
xref: EHDAA2:0001640
xref: EMAPA:16291
xref: EMAPA:16481
xref: EMAPA:16919
xref: EMAPA:17093
xref: TAO:0000882
xref: ZFA:0000882
is_a: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005567
name: rhombomere 1 lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 1." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 1" EXACT [ZFA:0000781]
xref: EHDAA2:0001641
xref: EMAPA:16482
xref: EMAPA:16920
xref: EMAPA:17094
xref: TAO:0000781
xref: ZFA:0000781
is_a: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005568
name: rhombomere 1 roof plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 1." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 1" EXACT [ZFA:0001033]
xref: EHDAA2:0001645
xref: EMAPA:16483
xref: EMAPA:16924
xref: EMAPA:17098
xref: TAO:0001033
xref: ZFA:0001033
is_a: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005569
name: rhombomere 2
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "r2" EXACT [ZFA:0000822]
xref: EFO:0003579
xref: EHDAA2:0001647
xref: EMAPA:16293
xref: EMAPA:16484
xref: EMAPA:16925
xref: EMAPA:17099
xref: TAO:0000822
xref: XAO:0004080
xref: ZFA:0000822
is_a: UBERON:0001892  ! rhombomere
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007296 ! presumptive rhombomere 2
property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain segment or neuromere. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: rhombomere_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005570
name: rhombomere 2 floor plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 2." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate r2" EXACT [ZFA:0000763]
synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 2" EXACT [ZFA:0000763]
synonym: "floorplate r2" EXACT [ZFA:0000763]
xref: EFO:0003568
xref: EHDAA2:0001650
xref: EMAPA:16294
xref: EMAPA:16485
xref: EMAPA:16926
xref: EMAPA:17100
xref: TAO:0000763
xref: ZFA:0000763
is_a: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005571
name: rhombomere 2 lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 2." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 2" EXACT [ZFA:0000907]
xref: EHDAA2:0001651
xref: EMAPA:16486
xref: EMAPA:16927
xref: EMAPA:17101
xref: TAO:0000907
xref: ZFA:0000907
is_a: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005572
name: rhombomere 2 roof plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 2." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 2" EXACT [ZFA:0000824]
xref: EHDAA2:0001655
xref: EMAPA:16487
xref: EMAPA:16931
xref: EMAPA:17105
xref: TAO:0000824
xref: ZFA:0000824
is_a: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005573
name: rhombomere 3 floor plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 3." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate r3" EXACT [ZFA:0000888]
synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 3" EXACT [ZFA:0000888]
synonym: "floorplate r3" EXACT [ZFA:0000888]
xref: EFO:0003586
xref: EHDAA2:0001660
xref: EMAPA:16298
xref: EMAPA:16489
xref: EMAPA:16933
xref: EMAPA:17107
xref: TAO:0000888
xref: ZFA:0000888
is_a: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005574
name: rhombomere 3 lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 3." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 3" EXACT [ZFA:0000994]
xref: EHDAA2:0001661
xref: EMAPA:16490
xref: EMAPA:16934
xref: EMAPA:17108
xref: TAO:0000994
xref: ZFA:0000994
is_a: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005575
name: rhombomere 3 roof plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 3." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 3" EXACT [ZFA:0000950]
xref: EHDAA2:0001665
xref: EMAPA:16491
xref: EMAPA:16938
xref: EMAPA:17112
xref: TAO:0000950
xref: ZFA:0000950
is_a: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005576
name: rhombomere 4 floor plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 4." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate r4" EXACT [ZFA:0000893]
synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 4" EXACT [ZFA:0000893]
synonym: "floorplate r4" EXACT [ZFA:0000893]
xref: EFO:0003588
xref: EHDAA2:0001670
xref: EMAPA:16302
xref: EMAPA:16493
xref: EMAPA:16940
xref: EMAPA:17114
xref: TAO:0000893
xref: ZFA:0000893
is_a: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005577
name: rhombomere 4 lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 4." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 4" EXACT [ZFA:0000782]
xref: EHDAA2:0001671
xref: EMAPA:16494
xref: EMAPA:16941
xref: EMAPA:17115
xref: TAO:0000782
xref: ZFA:0000782
is_a: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005578
name: rhombomere 4 roof plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 4." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 4" EXACT [ZFA:0001034]
xref: EHDAA2:0001675
xref: EMAPA:16495
xref: EMAPA:16945
xref: EMAPA:17119
xref: TAO:0001034
xref: ZFA:0001034
is_a: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005579
name: rhombomere 5 floor plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 5." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate r5" EXACT [ZFA:0000764]
synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 5" EXACT [ZFA:0000764]
synonym: "floorplate r5" EXACT [ZFA:0000764]
xref: EFO:0003569
xref: EHDAA2:0001680
xref: EMAPA:16306
xref: EMAPA:16497
xref: EMAPA:16947
xref: EMAPA:17121
xref: TAO:0000764
xref: ZFA:0000764
is_a: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005580
name: rhombomere 5 lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 5." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 5" EXACT [ZFA:0000908]
xref: EHDAA2:0001681
xref: EMAPA:16498
xref: EMAPA:16948
xref: EMAPA:17122
xref: TAO:0000908
xref: ZFA:0000908
is_a: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005581
name: rhombomere 5 roof plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 5." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 5" EXACT [ZFA:0000828]
xref: EHDAA2:0001685
xref: EMAPA:16499
xref: EMAPA:16952
xref: EMAPA:17126
xref: TAO:0000828
xref: ZFA:0000828
is_a: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005582
name: rhombomere 6 floor plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 6." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate r6" EXACT [ZFA:0000889]
synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 6" EXACT [ZFA:0000889]
synonym: "floorplate r6" EXACT [ZFA:0000889]
xref: EFO:0003587
xref: EHDAA2:0001690
xref: EMAPA:16501
xref: EMAPA:16954
xref: EMAPA:17128
xref: TAO:0000889
xref: ZFA:0000889
is_a: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6
intersection_of: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005583
name: rhombomere 6 lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 6." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 6" EXACT [ZFA:0000995]
xref: EHDAA2:0001691
xref: EMAPA:16502
xref: EMAPA:16955
xref: EMAPA:17129
xref: TAO:0000995
xref: ZFA:0000995
is_a: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6
intersection_of: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005584
name: rhombomere 6 roof plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 6." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 6" EXACT [ZFA:0000825]
xref: EHDAA2:0001695
xref: EMAPA:16503
xref: EMAPA:16959
xref: EMAPA:17133
xref: TAO:0000825
xref: ZFA:0000825
is_a: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6
intersection_of: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005585
name: rhombomere 7 floor plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 7." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate r7" EXACT [ZFA:0000904]
synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 7" EXACT [ZFA:0000904]
synonym: "floorplate r7" EXACT [ZFA:0000904]
xref: EFO:0003589
xref: EHDAA2:0001700
xref: EMAPA:16505
xref: EMAPA:16961
xref: EMAPA:17135
xref: TAO:0000904
xref: ZFA:0000904
is_a: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7
intersection_of: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005586
name: rhombomere 7 lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 7." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 7" EXACT [ZFA:0000783]
xref: EHDAA2:0001701
xref: EMAPA:16506
xref: EMAPA:16962
xref: EMAPA:17136
xref: TAO:0000783
xref: ZFA:0000783
is_a: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7
intersection_of: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005587
name: rhombomere 7 roof plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 7." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 7" EXACT [ZFA:0000951]
xref: EHDAA2:0001705
xref: EMAPA:16507
xref: EMAPA:16966
xref: EMAPA:17140
xref: TAO:0000951
xref: ZFA:0000951
is_a: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7
intersection_of: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005588
name: rhombomere 8 floor plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere floor plate that is part of a rhombomere 8." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate r8" EXACT [ZFA:0000765]
synonym: "floor plate rhombomere 8" EXACT [ZFA:0000765]
synonym: "floorplate r8" EXACT [ZFA:0000765]
xref: EFO:0003570
xref: EHDAA2:0001709
xref: EMAPA:16509
xref: EMAPA:16968
xref: EMAPA:17142
xref: TAO:0000765
xref: ZFA:0000765
is_a: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8
intersection_of: UBERON:0005500  ! rhombomere floor plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005589
name: rhombomere 8 lateral wall
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 8." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral wall rhombomere 8" EXACT [ZFA:0000909]
xref: EHDAA2:0001710
xref: EMAPA:16510
xref: EMAPA:16969
xref: EMAPA:17143
xref: TAO:0000909
xref: ZFA:0000909
is_a: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8
intersection_of: UBERON:0005501  ! rhombomere lateral wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005590
name: rhombomere 8 roof plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 8." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "roof plate rhombomere 8" EXACT [ZFA:0001035]
xref: EHDAA2:0001714
xref: EMAPA:16511
xref: EMAPA:16973
xref: EMAPA:17147
xref: TAO:0001035
xref: ZFA:0001035
is_a: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8
intersection_of: UBERON:0005502  ! rhombomere roof plate
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005591
name: diencephalon lateral wall
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral wall diencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000780]
xref: EHDAA2:0000396
xref: EHDAA:1977
xref: EMAPA:16650
xref: EMAPA:16905
xref: TAO:0000780
xref: VHOG:0000596
xref: ZFA:0000780
is_a: UBERON:0005496  ! neural tube lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005594
name: head somite
namespace: uberon
def: "Somite located in the head region, caudal to the otic vesicle" [PMID:11830559]
comment: Development notes: They provide the epaxial and hypaxial muscles of the neck, the pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles that develop in the caudal branchial arches and the musculature of the tongue. Despite their localisation in the head, myogenic precursors from occipital somites essentially follow the trunk programmes (E. H. Walters and S. D., unpublished).  during evolution, have been secondarily incorporated into the head (Gans and Northcutt, 1983)[PMID:11830559]. AO notes: EHDAA2 has both 'head somite' and 'head somite group', with part_of and develops_from for latter. Taxon notes: in humans this includes somites 1-4
synonym: "cranial somite" RELATED [XAO:0000313]
synonym: "occipital somite" EXACT [PMID:11830559, XAO:0000313]
xref: EHDAA2:0003437
xref: EMAPA:16172
xref: XAO:0000313
is_a: UBERON:0002329  ! somite
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009617 ! head paraxial mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009617 ! head paraxial mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0002329  ! somite
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0009617 ! head paraxial mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005597
name: lung primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "A pair of lateral diverticula just over the liver rudiment representing the primordia of the lungs, formed by the floor of the foregut just anterior to the liver diverticulum." [XAO:0001002]
synonym: "lateral diverticula" RELATED [XAO:0001002]
synonym: "lung endoderm" RELATED [EFO:0002578]
xref: AAO:0011059
xref: EFO:0002578
xref: XAO:0001002
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008947 ! respiratory primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005598
name: trunk somite
namespace: uberon
def: "A somite that is part of a trunk." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0010385
xref: EHDAA2:0003438
xref: EMAPA:16184
xref: XAO:0000314
is_a: UBERON:0002329  ! somite
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0002329  ! somite
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005599
name: common dorsal aorta
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000307
xref: EHDAA:1251
xref: EMAPA:16327
xref: MA:0000477
is_a: UBERON:0000947  ! aorta
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005600
name: crus commune
namespace: uberon
synonym: "crus commune" RELATED [MA:0001210]
xref: EHDAA2:0000330
xref: EHDAA:7783
xref: EMAPA:17818
xref: MA:0001210
xref: SCTID:279758009
xref: VHOG:0001344
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001856 ! semicircular duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005601
name: dorsal mesocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "the part of the mesocardium dorsal to the embryonic heart; it breaks down to form the transverse sinus of the pericardium." [MA:th]
xref: EHDAA2:0000413
xref: EHDAA:434
xref: EMAPA:16213
xref: MA:0000482
xref: SCTID:361454005
xref: VHOG:0000432
is_a: UBERON:0010277  ! mesocardium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004873 ! splanchnopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003282 ! mesentery of heart
property_value: external_definition "The mesentery of the embryonic heart. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005602
name: dorsal mesogastrium
namespace: uberon
def: "The portion of mesentery attached to the greater curvature of the stomach is named the dorsal mesentery (or dorsal mesogastrium, when referring to the portion at the stomach), and the part which suspends the colon is termed the mesocolon. The dorsal mesogastrium develops into the greater omentum." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_mesentery]
synonym: "dorsal mesentery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_mesentery]
xref: EHDAA2:0000416
xref: EHDAA:3001
xref: EMAPA:17025
xref: EMAPA:18903
xref: MA:0001618
xref: UMLS:C1512038
xref: VHOG:0000352
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Mesogastrium
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003281  ! mesentery of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002296 ! dorsal mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003281 ! mesentery of stomach
property_value: external_definition "The dorsal sheet of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach. The greater omentum develops from the dorsal mesogastrium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005604
name: hepatic duct extrahepatic part
namespace: uberon
synonym: "extrahepatic part of the hepatic duct" EXACT [VHOG:0000215]
xref: EHDAA2:0000742
xref: EHDAA:3051
xref: EMAPA:16844
xref: MA:0001636
xref: VHOG:0000215
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0004822  ! extrahepatic bile duct epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005605
name: hepatic duct intrahepatic part
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intrahepatic part of the hepatic duct" EXACT [VHOG:0000216]
xref: EHDAA2:0000743
xref: EHDAA:3053
xref: EMAPA:16845
xref: MA:0001637
xref: VHOG:0000216
is_a: UBERON:0004823  ! intrahepatic bile duct epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007501  ! arborizing epithelial duct system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003704 ! intrahepatic bile duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005606
name: hyaloid cavity
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000789
xref: EHDAA:4733
xref: EMAPA:17302
xref: MA:0000272
xref: VHOG:0001477
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
is_a: UBERON:0012467  ! enclosed anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002203 ! vasculature of eye
property_value: external_definition "A depression in the front of the vitreous body, lodging the lens. [adapted_from_the_definition_of_the_hyaloid_fossa]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005607
name: hyaloid vascular plexus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hyaloid vascular system" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000790
xref: EHDAA:5703
xref: EMAPA:17303
xref: MA:0001283
xref: VHOG:0000442
xref: XAO:0004157
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005629  ! vascular plexus
relationship: located_in UBERON:0005606 ! hyaloid cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009141 ! craniocervical region vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005608
name: hyoid artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The second arch becomes the hyoid artery, which is prominent in early development and normally persists as the caroticotympanic branch of the ICA[Padget]" [http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/content/full/21/3/572]
xref: EHDAA:3342
xref: EMAPA:17308
xref: MA:0001969
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000792
xref: VHOG:0001409
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003119 ! aortic arch 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005609
name: iliac artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Any of the arteries that arise from a bifurcation of the aorta supplying the pelvic or abdomen. Examples: Common iliac artery, External iliac artery, Internal iliac artery" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Iliac_artery]
comment: Usage notes: this is an extremely loose and flexible grouping class that is the superclass of the mammalian common iliac and its main brahces, together with analagous structures in other tetrapods. AO notes: we place the XAO structure here for now. In terms of analagy, it is more closely related to common iliac, but the relationships currently attached to this class are mammal specific
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: BTO:0004665
xref: EHDAA:2551
xref: EMAPA:17309
xref: MA:0001971
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.444
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000807
xref: SCTID:244330006
xref: UMLS:C0020887
xref: XAO:0000361
xref: galen:IliacArtery
xref: ncithesaurus:Iliac_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0003520  ! pelvis blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005628  ! ileal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005610
name: iliac vein
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000811
xref: MA:0002142
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.427
xref: UMLS:C0020888
xref: ncithesaurus:Iliac_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003520  ! pelvis blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005611
name: inner canthus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial canthus" RELATED [MA:0001262]
synonym: "medial canthus of eye" RELATED []
synonym: "medial palpebral commissure" EXACT [FMA:59316]
synonym: "nasal canthus" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000829
xref: EMAPA:17830
xref: FMA:59316
xref: MA:0001262
xref: SCTID:362526003
xref: UMLS:C1708516
xref: VHOG:0000829
xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Canthus
is_a: UBERON:0006742  ! canthus
property_value: external_definition "The angle at the end of the palpebral fissure, the slit between the eyelids, close to the nose. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, adapted_from_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, p.263][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005612
name: intercostal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a group of arteries that supply the area between the ribs ('costae'), called the intercostal space." [Wikiepdia:Intercostal_arteries]
comment: TODO - add children
xref: EHDAA2:0000840
xref: EHDAA:5307
xref: EMAPA:18753
xref: MA:0001981
xref: SCTID:281134007
xref: UMLS:C0459917
xref: ncithesaurus:Intercostal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005613
name: left dorsal aorta
namespace: uberon
comment: Contributes to the arch of aorta in humans[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899609-overview]
xref: EHDAA2:0000936
xref: EHDAA:404
xref: EMAPA:16205
xref: MA:0000478
xref: SCTID:361403005
xref: VHOG:0000484
is_a: UBERON:0000947  ! aorta
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta
property_value: homology_notes "A study of embryos shows that in all vertebrates six arterial arches link the ventral aorta with a pair of lateral dorsal aortae on each side of the body. The latter unite posteriorly to form a single median dorsal aorta wich takes blood to the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005614
name: lens anterior epithelium
namespace: uberon
comment: Cells of the subcapsular epithelium (or anterior lens cells) are mitotically active. In adult individuals they only cover the anterior \"hemisphere\" of the lens. As they divide, cells gradually move towards the equator of the lens where they tranform into lens fibres. The apical part of the gradually elongating cell extends between the subcapsular epithelium and adjacent lens fibres towards the anterior pole of the lens. The basal part extends towards the posterior pole. The nucleus remains close to the equatorial plane of the lens - http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/corepages/eye/eye.htm
synonym: "anterior epithelium of lens vesicle" RELATED [EMAPA:17304]
synonym: "anterior surface of lens" RELATED [FMA:58889]
synonym: "lens epithelium" BROAD []
synonym: "lens subcapsular epithelium" EXACT [http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/corepages/eye/eye.htm]
synonym: "subcapsular lens epithelium" EXACT [FMA:70612]
xref: EHDAA2:0000984
xref: EHDAA:9059
xref: EMAPA:17304
xref: EMAPA:17839
xref: FMA:70612
xref: MA:0001302
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000976
xref: SCTID:362521008
xref: UMLS:C1182652
xref: VHOG:0001425
xref: ncithesaurus:Subcapsular_Epithelium_of_the_Lens
is_a: UBERON:0001803  ! epithelium of lens
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005615
name: lens equatorial epithelium
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA:9063
xref: EMAPA:17840
xref: MA:0001303
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000978
xref: VHOG:0001459
is_a: UBERON:0001803  ! epithelium of lens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005616
name: mesenteric artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta and distribute to most of the intestines." [MESH:A07.231.114.565, Wikipedia:Mesenteric_artery]
comment: Editors note: includes posterior and anterior mesenteric arteries, which branch from the dorsal aorta (see Kardong), and superior and inferior mesenteric arteries
xref: BTO:0000779
xref: EHDAA2:0001123
xref: EHDAA:4343
xref: EMAPA:17312
xref: MA:0002003
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.565
xref: SCTID:281084003
xref: UMLS:C0025465
xref: VHOG:0001117
xref: XAO:0000370
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesenteric_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0012254  ! abdominal aorta artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005617
name: mesenteric vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Veins which return blood from the intestines; the inferior mesenteric vein empties into the splenic vein, the superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein to form the portal vein." [MESH:A07.231.908.670.385, Wikipedia:Mesenteric_vein]
xref: BTO:0002781
xref: EHDAA:4442
xref: EMAPA:17348
xref: MA:0002177
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.670.385
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001125
xref: SCTID:304045008
xref: UMLS:C0025473
xref: ncithesaurus:Mesenteric_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005806 ! portal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005619
name: secondary palatal shelf
namespace: uberon
def: "the outgrowths of the embryonic maxillary prominences that come together during prenatal development to form the secondary palate" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/palatal+shelves, http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/hnanim/face/face.html]
comment: Consider splitting into embryonic/fully formed
synonym: "lateral palatine process" EXACT [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/palatal+shelf]
synonym: "palatal shelf" EXACT [MA:0001581]
synonym: "palatal shelves" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "palatine shelf" RELATED [VHOG:0000378]
synonym: "secondary palatal shelf" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001364
xref: EHDAA:9283
xref: EMAPA:17362
xref: EMAPA:17930
xref: MA:0001581
xref: VHOG:0000378
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
property_value: external_definition "The outgrowths of the embryonic maxillae that come together during prenatal development to form the secondary palate. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005620
name: primary palate
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the palate formed from the intermaxillary segment." [Wikipedia:Primary_palate, http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/hnanim/face/face.html]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "palatum primarium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Primitive_palate]
synonym: "primary palate" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primitive_palate]
synonym: "primary palate process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001499]
synonym: "primitive palate" RELATED [VHOG:0000362]
synonym: "processus palatinus medianus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Primitive_palate]
xref: EHDAA2:0001496
xref: EHDAA2:0001499
xref: EMAPA:17642
xref: EMAPA:17934
xref: MA:0001583
xref: SCTID:359541001
xref: UMLS:C1268540
xref: VHOG:0000362
xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Palate
is_a: UBERON:0004906  ! ectodermal gut
is_a: UBERON:0007375  ! roof of mouth
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007238 ! 1st arch maxillary component
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009714 ! intermaxillary process
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002244 ! premaxilla
property_value: external_definition "The shelf separating the oral and nasal cavities that is formed during early embryonic development from protrusions of tissue between the olfactory pits. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Early tetrapod possessed a primary palate that included the vomer, pterygoid, parasphenoid, palatine and ectopterygoid bones. Therapsid evolved a partial secondary palate formed by the medial extension of the premaxilla and maxilla. Mammals have a secondary palate that, in addition to extensions of the premaxilla and maxilla, includes part of the palatine bone[VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005621
name: rhomboid
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhombus-shaped muscle associated with the scapula and chiefly responsible for its retraction. There are two rhomboid muscles." [Wikipedia:Rhomboid_muscles]
comment: TODO - add child terms
synonym: "musculus rhomboideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rhomboid_muscles]
synonym: "rhomboid muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "rhomboideus" RELATED [VHOG:0001391]
xref: EHDAA2:0001635
xref: EHDAA:8315
xref: MA:0002367
xref: SCTID:277441005
xref: VHOG:0001391
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Rhomboidei.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010985 ! rhomboid pre-muscle mass
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001125 ! serratus anterior
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000351 ! nuchal ligament
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001076 ! spinous process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005622
name: right dorsal aorta
namespace: uberon
comment: Normally regresses in humans[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899609-overview]
xref: EHDAA2:0001720
xref: EHDAA:406
xref: EMAPA:16206
xref: MA:0000479
xref: SCTID:361404004
xref: VHOG:0000485
is_a: UBERON:0000947  ! aorta
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta
property_value: homology_notes "A study of embryos shows that in all vertebrates six arterial arches link the ventral aorta with a pair of lateral dorsal aortae on each side of the body. The latter unite posteriorly to form a single median dorsal aorta wich takes blood to the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005623
name: semi-lunar valve
namespace: uberon
synonym: "semilunar valve" EXACT [MA:0002790]
synonym: "semilunar valves" EXACT PLURAL [MA:0002790]
xref: EHDAA2:0001823
xref: EHDAA:4408
xref: MA:0002790
xref: VHOG:0001393
is_a: UBERON:0000946  ! cardial valve
property_value: homology_notes "Extensive conservation of valve developmental mechanisms also has been observed among vertebrate species including chicken, mouse, and human.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005624
name: suprarenal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Artery that supplies blood to the adrenal glands." [Wikipedia:Adrenal_artery]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "adrenal artery" RELATED [MA:0001914, Wikipedia:Adrenal_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0001965
xref: EHDAA:8596
xref: MA:0001914
xref: SCTID:181342004
xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Artery
xref: ncithesaurus:Suprarenal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005625
name: tubotympanic recess
namespace: uberon
def: "The cavity formed by the tubotympanic recess epithelium." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor note: we follow EHDAA2 in distinguishing between the cavity and the material entity - the former develops into the middle ear cavity
synonym: "tubotympanic recess cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "tubotympanic recess lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002095]
xref: EHDAA2:0002095
xref: EHDAA:6772
xref: EMAPA:17002
xref: MA:0001218
xref: SCTID:361516008
xref: UMLS:C1284046
xref: VHOG:0001297
xref: ncithesaurus:Tubotympanic_Recess
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
is_a: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0010020 ! tubotympanic recess epithelium
property_value: external_definition "A diverticulum formed by the dorsal portion of the 1st pharyngeal pouch and that forms the middle ear cavity. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.73-74, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The tympanic cavity and auditory tube of an amniote develop from the first embryonic pharyngeal pouch, so they are homologous to the first gill pouch, or spiracle, of a fish. We are uncertain whether this homology strictly applies to the middle ear cavity and auditory tube of lissamphibians, which show certain peculiarities in their development.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005626
name: ventral mesogastrium
namespace: uberon
def: "Ventral mesentery is the part of the peritoneum closest to the navel." [Wikipedia:Ventral_mesentery]
comment: \"The primitive gut is enveloped by a mesentery that has a dorsal and a ventral aspect. The ventral mesentery degenerates during development with the exception of the foregut ventral mesentery, which develops into specialized structures (see foregut embryology)\" [http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/embryology/gi/pgm.htm]. todo - check
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "ventral mesentery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ventral_mesentery]
xref: EHDAA2:0002176
xref: EHDAA:3005
xref: EMAPA:17026
xref: EMAPA:18907
xref: MA:0001621
xref: TAO:0005133
xref: UMLS:C1519967
xref: VHOG:0000351
xref: ZFA:0005133
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray984.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Mesogastrium
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003281  ! mesentery of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003281 ! mesentery of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009668 ! ventral mesentery
property_value: external_definition "The mesentery that originates from the ventral side of the peritoneal cavity.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The ventral sheet of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach. The lesser omentum develops from the ventral mesogastrium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005628
name: ileal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The ileal arteries feed oxygenated blood into the ileum, a portion of the small intestine in mammals, reptiles, and birds. They are branches of the superior mesenteric artery." [Wikipedia:Ileal_arteries]
synonym: "arteriae ileales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ileal_arteries]
synonym: "ileal branch of superior mesenteric artery" EXACT [FMA:14809]
xref: FMA:14809
xref: SCTID:265479003
xref: galen:IlealArteries
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Gray535.png
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005629
name: vascular plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "a vascular network formed by frequent anastomoses between the blood vessels (arteries or veins) of a part." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=70052]
synonym: "plexus vasculosus" EXACT LATIN []
xref: AEO:0000219
xref: EHDAA2:0004112
xref: FMA:5900
xref: XAO:0004143
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
property_value: external_definition "In a vascular plexus, the contents of the vessels mix. A plexus allows blood to flow via multiple routes. If one branch of the plexus is obstructed, the blood may flow via the open branches[Wikipedia:Plexus#Circulatory_system]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005630
name: fetal membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "the amnion and chorion which surround and protect a developing fetus." [Wikipedia:Fetal_membrane]
comment: todo - merge with extraembryonic membrane?
synonym: "adnexa fetalia" RELATED LATIN []
xref: BTO:0000473
xref: MESH:A16.254.403
xref: SCTID:325510007
is_a: UBERON:0005631  ! extraembryonic membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005631
name: extraembryonic membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "Intrinsic membrane that arises from embryonic germ layers and grow to surround the developing embryo." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: AO notes: EHDAA2 is a mereological sum. Taxon notes: stuctures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes appear in mammals [ISBN10:0073040584 \"Vertebrates, Kardong\"]
xref: EHDAA2:0004714
xref: SCTID:362840007
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000010

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005636
name: caecum epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a caecum." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000209
is_a: UBERON:0000397  ! colonic epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005637
name: pyloric region epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a pylorus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001582
xref: EMAPA:17633
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001927
is_a: UBERON:0001276  ! epithelium of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005638
name: anterior chamber epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a anterior chamber of eyeball." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000130
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001766 ! anterior chamber of eyeball
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001766 ! anterior chamber of eyeball

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005639
name: right lung cranial lobe epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a upper lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001751
is_a: UBERON:0003364  ! epithelium of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005640
name: right lung caudal lobe epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001743
is_a: UBERON:0003364  ! epithelium of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005641
name: otocyst epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a ear vesicle." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001344
xref: EMAPA:16671
xref: EMAPA:16996
xref: EMAPA:16999
xref: VHOG:0000986
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005642
name: ultimobranchial body epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a ultimobranchial body." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: in EHDAA2, develops_from ventral 4th arch branchial pouch endoderm. Kardong: develops from 5th pouch. PMID:16313389: the most posterior pouch generates the ultimobranchial bodies in most vertebrate classes, mammals do not form this structure.
xref: EHDAA2:0002105
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003092 ! ultimobranchial body
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003092 ! ultimobranchial body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005643
name: foregut duodenum epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a duodenum of foregut." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000563
is_a: UBERON:0008346  ! duodenal epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003286 ! foregut region of duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003286 ! foregut region of duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005644
name: midgut duodenum epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a duodenum of midgut." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001192
is_a: UBERON:0008346  ! duodenal epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003287 ! midgut region of duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003287 ! midgut region of duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005645
name: manual digit 2 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 2 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 2 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000518
xref: EMAPA:17433
is_a: UBERON:0005227  ! manual digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005646
name: manual digit 3 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 3 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 3 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000524
xref: EMAPA:17436
is_a: UBERON:0005227  ! manual digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005647
name: manual digit 4 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 4 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 4 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000530
xref: EMAPA:17439
is_a: UBERON:0005227  ! manual digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005648
name: manual digit 5 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 5 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 5 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000536
xref: EMAPA:17442
is_a: UBERON:0005227  ! manual digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005649
name: pedal digit 2 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 2 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002043
xref: EMAPA:17464
is_a: UBERON:0005226  ! pedal digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005650
name: pedal digit 3 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 3 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002048
xref: EMAPA:17467
is_a: UBERON:0005226  ! pedal digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005651
name: pedal digit 4 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 4 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002053
xref: EMAPA:17470
is_a: UBERON:0005226  ! pedal digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005652
name: pedal digit 5 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 5 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002058
xref: EMAPA:17473
is_a: UBERON:0005226  ! pedal digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005653
name: upper jaw molar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A dental epithelium that is part of a upper jaw molar." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002126
xref: EMAPA:17943
is_a: UBERON:0003235  ! epithelium of upper jaw
is_a: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011642 ! oral epithelium from ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003666 ! upper jaw molar
intersection_of: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003666 ! upper jaw molar

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005654
name: lower jaw molar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A dental epithelium that is part of a lower jaw molar." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001026
xref: EMAPA:17922
is_a: UBERON:0003236  ! epithelium of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011642 ! oral epithelium from ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003667 ! lower jaw molar
intersection_of: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003667 ! lower jaw molar

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005655
name: right lung accessory lobe epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a right lung accessory lobe." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001735
is_a: UBERON:0003364  ! epithelium of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005656
name: lens vesicle epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lens vesicle." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000987
xref: EMAPA:17165
xref: VHOG:0000532
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005657
name: crus commune epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a crus commune." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17820
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000332
xref: VHOG:0000478
is_a: UBERON:0006932  ! vestibular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005600 ! crus commune
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005600 ! crus commune

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005658
name: secondary palatal shelf epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a secondary palatal shelf." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palatal shelf epithelium" RELATED [VHOG:0001040]
xref: EHDAA2:0001365
xref: EMAPA:17363
xref: EMAPA:17931
xref: VHOG:0001040
is_a: UBERON:0003235  ! epithelium of upper jaw
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005619 ! secondary palatal shelf
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005619 ! secondary palatal shelf

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005659
name: primary palate epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a primary palate." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001500
xref: EMAPA:17643
xref: EMAPA:17935
xref: VHOG:0001025
is_a: UBERON:0003235  ! epithelium of upper jaw
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012312 ! maxillary process ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005620 ! primary palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005620 ! primary palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005660
name: 2nd arch ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An ectoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd pharyngeal arch ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0001062]
xref: EHDAA2:0000055
xref: EMAPA:16277
xref: EMAPA:16397
xref: EMAPA:16398
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000064
xref: VHOG:0001062
is_a: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005661
name: 3rd arch ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An ectoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal arch ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000946]
xref: EHDAA2:0000072
xref: EMAPA:16400
xref: EMAPA:16582
xref: EMAPA:16584
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000079
xref: VHOG:0000946
is_a: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005662
name: 4th arch ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An ectoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th pharyngeal arch ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0001095]
xref: EHDAA2:0004032
xref: EMAPA:16762
xref: EMAPA:16764
xref: EMAPA:16768
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000094
xref: VHOG:0001095
is_a: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005664
name: 2nd arch endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd pharyngeal arch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0001108]
xref: EHDAA2:0000061
xref: EMAPA:16274
xref: EMAPA:16276
xref: EMAPA:16278
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000065
xref: VHOG:0001108
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005665
name: 3rd arch endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal arch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0001081]
xref: EHDAA2:0000075
xref: EMAPA:16401
xref: EMAPA:16585
xref: EMAPA:16587
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000080
xref: VHOG:0001081
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005666
name: 4th arch endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th pharyngeal arch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0001092]
xref: EHDAA2:0004033
xref: EMAPA:16765
xref: EMAPA:16767
xref: EMAPA:16769
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000095
xref: VHOG:0001092
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005669
name: peritoneal cavity mesothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesothelium that is part of a peritoneal cavity." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesothelium of peritoneal component" EXACT [EMAPA:16139]
synonym: "mesothelium of peritoneum" EXACT [FMA:18147]
synonym: "peritoneal mesothelium" EXACT [BTO:0003156]
synonym: "peritoneum mesothelium" EXACT [FMA:18147]
xref: BTO:0003156
xref: EHDAA2:0001447
xref: EMAPA:16139
xref: FMA:18147
xref: SCTID:34073007
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005670
name: greater omentum mesothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesothelium that is part of a greater omentum." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000721
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005448 ! greater omentum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005448 ! greater omentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005671
name: greater sac mesothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesothelium that is part of a greater sac." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "greater sac mehomhelium" RELATED [VHOG:0000440]
xref: EMAPA:16887
xref: EMAPA:18455
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000725
xref: VHOG:0000440
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005449 ! greater sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005449 ! greater sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005672
name: right lung endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001755
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0003364  ! epithelium of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005673
name: left lung endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000961
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0003365  ! epithelium of left lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005674
name: right lung cranial lobe endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a upper lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:4991
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001750
is_a: UBERON:0005639  ! right lung cranial lobe epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005672  ! right lung endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005675
name: right lung caudal lobe endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a lower lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:4983
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001742
is_a: UBERON:0005640  ! right lung caudal lobe epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005672  ! right lung endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005676
name: right lung accessory lobe endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a right lung accessory lobe." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:4975
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001734
is_a: UBERON:0005655  ! right lung accessory lobe epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005672  ! right lung endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005677
name: caecum mesentery
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a caecum." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000210
is_a: UBERON:0003396  ! mesentery of colon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005678
name: right lung cranial lobe segmental bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A segmental bronchus that is part of a upper lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001754
is_a: UBERON:0002184  ! segmental bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002184  ! segmental bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005679
name: right lung caudal lobe segmental bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A segmental bronchus that is part of a lower lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001746
is_a: UBERON:0002184  ! segmental bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002184  ! segmental bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005680
name: right lung accessory lobe segmental bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "A segmental bronchus that is part of a right lung accessory lobe." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001738
is_a: UBERON:0002184  ! segmental bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0002184  ! segmental bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005681
name: right lung upper lobe bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that is part of a upper lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole of right upper lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchiole of right upper lobe of lung" EXACT []
synonym: "right lung cranial lobe bronchiole" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001749]
xref: EHDAA2:0001749
xref: EMAPA:19006
xref: SCTID:84841004
is_a: UBERON:0003538  ! right lung bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0005639  ! right lung cranial lobe epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005682
name: right lung accessory lobe bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that is part of a right lung accessory lobe." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001733
xref: EMAPA:19002
is_a: UBERON:0003538  ! right lung bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0005655  ! right lung accessory lobe epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005683
name: obsolete telencephalon lateral ventricle
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005685
name: midgut dorsal mesentery
namespace: uberon
def: "A dorsal mesentery that is part of a midgut." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:16722
xref: EMAPA:17040
xref: EMAPA:17046
xref: EMAPA:18671
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001187
xref: SCTID:361434009
is_a: UBERON:0002296  ! dorsal mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0002296  ! dorsal mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005686
name: caecum dorsal mesentery
namespace: uberon
def: "A dorsal mesentery that is part of a caecum." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000208
is_a: UBERON:0002296  ! dorsal mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002296  ! dorsal mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005687
name: orbitosphenoid cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sphenoid lesser wing cartilage condensation" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001329]
xref: EHDAA2:0001329
xref: EHDAA:9554
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010728 ! sphenoid lesser wing pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009193 ! sphenoid bone cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005688
name: lens vesicle cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a lens vesicle." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of lens" BROAD []
synonym: "cavity of lens vesicle" EXACT [EMAPA:17164]
synonym: "lens cavity" BROAD [EHDAA2:0000986]
xref: EHDAA2:0000986
xref: EMAPA:17164
xref: VHOG:0000531
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The optic cup induces the overlying surface ectoderm first to thicken as a lens placode and then to invaginate and form a lens vesicle that differentiates into the lens.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005689
name: 2nd arch mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "2nd branchial arch mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "2nd pharyngeal arch mesenchyme" EXACT [VHOG:0001102]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 2 mesenchyme" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000066
xref: EHDAA:625
xref: EMAPA:16279
xref: VHOG:0001102
is_a: UBERON:0009494  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005690
name: 3rd arch mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd branchial arch mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal arch mesenchyme" EXACT [VHOG:0001083]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 3 mesenchyme" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000081
xref: EHDAA:1094
xref: EMAPA:16402
xref: VHOG:0001083
is_a: UBERON:0009494  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005691
name: 4th arch mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th branchial arch mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "4th pharyngeal arch mesenchyme" EXACT [VHOG:0001052]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 4 mesenchyme" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000096
xref: EHDAA:1677
xref: EMAPA:16770
xref: VHOG:0001052
is_a: UBERON:0009494  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005692
name: manual digit 2 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a manual digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 2 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 2 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000519
xref: EMAPA:17434
is_a: UBERON:0005257  ! manual digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005693
name: manual digit 3 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a manual digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 3 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 3 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000525
xref: EMAPA:17437
is_a: UBERON:0005257  ! manual digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005694
name: manual digit 4 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a manual digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 4 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 4 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000531
xref: EMAPA:17440
is_a: UBERON:0005257  ! manual digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005695
name: manual digit 5 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a manual digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 5 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 5 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000537
xref: EMAPA:17443
is_a: UBERON:0005257  ! manual digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005696
name: pedal digit 2 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pedal digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 2 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002044
xref: EMAPA:17465
is_a: UBERON:0005255  ! pedal digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005697
name: pedal digit 3 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pedal digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 3 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002049
xref: EMAPA:17468
is_a: UBERON:0005255  ! pedal digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005698
name: pedal digit 4 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pedal digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 4 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002054
xref: EMAPA:17471
is_a: UBERON:0005255  ! pedal digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005699
name: pedal digit 5 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pedal digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 5 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002059
xref: EMAPA:17474
is_a: UBERON:0005255  ! pedal digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005700
name: upper jaw molar odontogenic papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "An odontogenic papilla that is part of a upper jaw molar." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper jaw molar dental papilla" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002127]
synonym: "upper molar mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0002127
xref: EHDAA:8051
xref: EMAPA:17944
is_a: UBERON:0003323  ! mesenchyme of upper jaw
is_a: UBERON:0011641  ! odontogenic papilla of molar
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010334 ! maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003666 ! upper jaw molar
intersection_of: UBERON:0001763  ! odontogenic papilla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003666 ! upper jaw molar

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005701
name: lower jaw molar odontogenic papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "An odontogenic papilla that is part of a lower jaw molar." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower jaw molar dental papilla" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001027]
synonym: "lower molar mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001027
xref: EHDAA:8015
xref: EMAPA:17923
is_a: UBERON:0003324  ! mesenchyme of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0009891  ! facial mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0011641  ! odontogenic papilla of molar
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010336 ! mandibular process mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003667 ! lower jaw molar
intersection_of: UBERON:0001763  ! odontogenic papilla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003667 ! lower jaw molar

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005702
name: optic eminence mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a optic eminence." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA:942
xref: EMAPA:16324
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001310
xref: VHOG:0001073
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005704
name: secondary palatal shelf mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a secondary palatal shelf." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "palatal shelf mesenchyme" RELATED [VHOG:0001063]
xref: EHDAA2:0001366
xref: EHDAA:9287
xref: EMAPA:17364
xref: EMAPA:17932
xref: VHOG:0001063
is_a: UBERON:0003323  ! mesenchyme of upper jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005619 ! secondary palatal shelf
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005619 ! secondary palatal shelf

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005705
name: primary palate mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a primary palate." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001501
xref: EHDAA:6968
xref: EMAPA:17644
xref: EMAPA:17936
xref: VHOG:0001024
is_a: UBERON:0003323  ! mesenchyme of upper jaw
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009204 ! medial nasal process mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010253 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005620 ! primary palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005620 ! primary palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005706
name: obsolete central nervous system cranial ganglion
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005707
name: upper jaw incisor odontogenic papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "An odontogenic papilla that is part of a upper jaw incisor." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "upper incisor mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "upper jaw incisor dental papilla" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002123]
xref: EHDAA2:0002123
xref: EMAPA:17941
is_a: UBERON:0003317  ! odontogenic papilla of incisor
is_a: UBERON:0003323  ! mesenchyme of upper jaw
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010334 ! maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003450 ! upper jaw incisor
intersection_of: UBERON:0001763  ! odontogenic papilla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003450 ! upper jaw incisor

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005708
name: lower jaw incisor odontogenic papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "An odontogenic papilla that is part of a lower jaw incisor." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lower incisor mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "lower jaw incisor dental papilla" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001023]
xref: EHDAA2:0001023
xref: EMAPA:17920
is_a: UBERON:0003317  ! odontogenic papilla of incisor
is_a: UBERON:0003324  ! mesenchyme of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0009891  ! facial mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010336 ! mandibular process mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003451 ! lower jaw incisor
intersection_of: UBERON:0001763  ! odontogenic papilla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003451 ! lower jaw incisor

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005709
name: upper jaw incisor epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A dental epithelium that is part of a upper jaw incisor." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002122
xref: EMAPA:17940
is_a: UBERON:0003235  ! epithelium of upper jaw
is_a: UBERON:0003355  ! epithelium of incisor
is_a: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011642 ! oral epithelium from ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003450 ! upper jaw incisor
intersection_of: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003450 ! upper jaw incisor

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005710
name: lower jaw incisor epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A dental epithelium that is part of a lower jaw incisor." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001022
xref: EMAPA:17919
is_a: UBERON:0003236  ! epithelium of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0003355  ! epithelium of incisor
is_a: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011642 ! oral epithelium from ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003451 ! lower jaw incisor
intersection_of: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003451 ! lower jaw incisor

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005711
name: foregut duodenum mesentery
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery of duodenum that is part of a foregut." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000564
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003397  ! mesentery of duodenum
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011642 ! oral epithelium from ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
intersection_of: UBERON:0003397  ! mesentery of duodenum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005712
name: midgut duodenum mesentery
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery of duodenum that is part of a midgut." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001193
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003284  ! mesentery of midgut
is_a: UBERON:0003397  ! mesentery of duodenum
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011642 ! oral epithelium from ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0003397  ! mesentery of duodenum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005714
name: obsolete lens vesicle capsule
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0001804  ! capsule of lens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005719
name: footplate apical ectodermal ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a footplate." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000547
xref: EMAPA:17251
is_a: UBERON:0004356  ! apical ectodermal ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003373 ! ectoderm of footplate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate
intersection_of: UBERON:0004356  ! apical ectodermal ridge
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005720
name: hindbrain venous system
namespace: uberon
def: "A venous system that is part of a hindbrain." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rhombencephalon venous system" RELATED [VHOG:0001322]
xref: EHDAA2:0000776
xref: EMAPA:18632
xref: VHOG:0001322
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004582  ! venous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0004582  ! venous system
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005721
name: pronephric mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesoderm that develops_into a pronephros." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: the intermediate mesoderm of the chick embryo acquires its ability to form kidneys through its interactions with the paraxial mesoderm [ISBN:9780878932504 \"Developmental Biology\", PMID:10720431 \"Signals from trunk paraxial mesoderm induce pronephros formation in chick intermediate mesoderm\"]. These interactions induce the expression of TFs including Lim1, Pax2 and Pax6 that cause the intermediate mesoderm to form the kidney
synonym: "pronephric anlage" RELATED [XAO:0000264]
synonym: "pronephric bulge" RELATED [XAO:0000264]
synonym: "pronephric mesenchyme" RELATED [XAO:0000264]
synonym: "pronephric primordium" RELATED [XAO:0000264]
xref: AAO:0011090
xref: EFO:0003479
xref: TAO:0000067
xref: VHOG:0001239
xref: XAO:0000264
xref: ZFA:0000067
is_a: UBERON:0000926  ! mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007297 ! presumptive pronephric mesoderm
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000926  ! mesoderm
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that consists of the mesenchymal precursor to the pronephric kidney and that begins to separate from the intermediate mesoderm at NF stage 21 and epithelializes by NF stage 30.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005722
name: obsolete nephrotome
namespace: uberon
def: "The nephrotome is a section of the mesoderm. It gives rise to the pronephros and eventually to the rest of the kidney. A nephrotome is an obsolete term used to describe rounded mesodermal portions of the forming pronephros. In old texts the pronephros is described as forming through the fusion of multiple nephrotomes. Modern visualization methods such as scanning electron microscopy, in situ hybridization and confocal microscopy, combined with the simple approach of peeling off the epidermis to see the forming kidney, have shown that this is not the case. Nephric mesenchyme separates from the intermediate mesoderm as a single elongated primordia. As this primordia begins to undergo epithelialization the anterior portions of the pronephros form rounded protrusions, which then later become the dorsal branches of the pronephros that link to nephrostomes (distinct from nephrotomes). These rounded bumps are probably the structures observed in histological sections that are referred to as nephrotomes. Nephrostomes are thin ciliated funnels that link pronephric nephrons to the ceolom, and are not related to nephrotomes." [Wikipedia:Nephrotome]
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "intermediate cell mass" RELATED [BTO:0003673]
synonym: "nephromere" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nephrotome]
xref: BTO:0003673

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005723
name: floor plate spinal cord region
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005247
def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a spinal cord and is part of a floor plate." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "floor plate spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000787]
synonym: "floorplate spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000890]
synonym: "spinal cord floor" RELATED [VHOG:0000787]
xref: EMAPA:17578
xref: TAO:0000890
xref: VHOG:0000787
xref: XAO:0000306
xref: ZFA:0000890
is_a: UBERON:0001948  ! regional part of spinal cord
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003306 ! floor plate of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005724
name: roof plate spinal cord region
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005246
def: "A tissue that is part of a spinal cord and is part of a roof plate." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "roof plate spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000777]
synonym: "roofplate spinal cord" RELATED [VHOG:0000777]
synonym: "spinal cord roof" RELATED [VHOG:0000777]
xref: TAO:0001177
xref: VHOG:0000777
xref: XAO:0000022
xref: ZFA:0001177
is_a: UBERON:0003298  ! roof plate of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate
property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the spinal cord. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005725
name: olfactory system
namespace: uberon
def: "The olfactory system is the sensory system used for olfaction, or the sense of smell. Most mammals and reptiles have two distinct parts to their olfactory system: a main olfactory system and an accessory olfactory system. The main olfactory system detects volatile, airborne substances, while the accessory olfactory system senses fluid-phase stimuli. Behavioral evidence indicates that most often, the stimuli detected by the accessory olfactory system are pheromones. The olfactory system is often spoken of along with the gustatory system as the chemosensory senses because both transduce chemical signals into perception[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_system]
comment: In mammals, the main olfactory system detects odorants that are inhaled through the nose, where they contact the main olfactory epithelium, which contains various olfactory receptors. These olfactory receptors are membrane proteins of bipolar olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium. Rather than binding specific ligands like most receptors, olfactory receptors display affinity for a range of odor molecules. Olfactory neurons transduce receptor activation into electrical signals in neurons. The signals travel along the olfactory nerve, which belongs to the peripheral nervous system. This nerve terminates in the olfactory bulb, which belongs to the central nervous system. The complex set of olfactory receptors on different olfactory neurons can distinguish a new odor from the background environmental odors and determine the concentration of the odor // Editor note: consider splitting into main and accessory. See also: vomeronasal organ // note we make the relationship to nervous system 'overlaps', as the olfactory system includes e.g. apertures in the cranium that are not part of the nervous system
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0000334
xref: AAO:0000978
xref: BILA:0000144
xref: EFO:0001973
xref: FMA:7190
xref: MA:0002445
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090806
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViw75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:362290002
xref: TAO:0001149
xref: UMLS:C0228065
xref: XAO:0003196
xref: ZFA:0001149
xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_System
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
property_value: external_definition "The sensory system used for olfaction (the sense of smell).[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005726
name: chemosensory system
namespace: uberon
xref: BILA:0000139
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005727
name: obsolete somitomere
namespace: uberon
def: "Obsoleted definition: In the developing vertebrate embryo, the somitomeres are loose masses of paraxial mesoderm derived cells that form along each side of the neural tube towards the end of the third gestational week. The approximately 50 pairs of somitomeres begin developing in the cranial (head) region, continuing in a caudal (tail) direction until the end of week four[WP]." [Wikipedia:Somitomere]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Around the same time that experimental embryology in avian systems was most productive in the context of vertebrate head development, researchers examining embryonic head morphology with the scanning electron microscope introduced the idea of cephalic bsomitomeresb. By removing the surface ectoderm from the head, they reported that the paraxial mesoderm was organized into pseudosegmental units resembling incompletely differentiated somites, which they called somitomeres (Meier 1979; Jacobson 1988, 1993; Jacobson and Meier 1984). Since then, however, there has been no clear evidence for somitomeres. It remains unclear how they relate to the epithelial cysts in the head mesoderm - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2895339/]
synonym: "somatomere" RELATED [Wikipedia:Somitomere]
xref: FMA:85523

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005729
name: pectoral appendage field
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb/fin field that develops_into a pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral appendage field of lateral plate mesoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "pectoral fin field" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0001453]
xref: TAO:0001453
xref: ZFA:0001453
is_a: UBERON:0005732  ! limb/fin field
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003413 ! pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005732  ! limb/fin field
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003413 ! pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme
property_value: external_definition "Embryonic region that develops into the pectoral fin bud.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005730
name: pelvic appendage field
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb/fin field that develops_into a pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic appendage field of lateral plate mesoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvic fin field" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0001454]
xref: TAO:0001454
xref: ZFA:0001454
is_a: UBERON:0005732  ! limb/fin field
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003412 ! pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005732  ! limb/fin field
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003412 ! pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme
property_value: external_definition "Embryonic region that develops into the pelvic fin bud.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005731
name: fin field
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb/fin field that developmentally_contributes_to a paired fin bud." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fin field of lateral plate mesoderm" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0005732  ! limb/fin field
relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002531 ! paired fin bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0005732  ! limb/fin field
intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002531 ! paired fin bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005732
name: limb/fin field
namespace: uberon
def: "A ring of cells capable of forming a limb or paired fin[Gilbert,modified]." [ISBN:9780878932504]
comment: Editor notes: we represent the field as being a part of the LPM (consistent with ZFA, Gilbert). As a consequence, the relationship between limb bud (with is ectoderm+mesenchyme) stands in a weaker has_developmental_contribution_from relation to the field - TODO implement this.
synonym: "limb/fin field of lateral plate mesoderm" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005733
name: limb field
namespace: uberon
def: "A ring of cells capable of forming a limb." [ISBN:9780878932504]
comment: the central portion of the limb field gives rise to the limb proper. mesenchyme cells proliferate from from the somatic layer of limb field lateral plate mesoderm (limb skeletal precursors) and from the somites (limb muscle precursors) . these mesenchymal cells accumulate under the ectedermal tissue to make a limb bud. // The lateral plate mesoderm in the limb field is also special in that it will induce myoblasts to migrate out from the somites and enter the limb bud. No other region of the lateral plate mesoderm will do that (Hayashi and Ozawa 1995)
synonym: "limb field of lateral plate mesoderm" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0005732  ! limb/fin field
relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0005732  ! limb/fin field
intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005734
name: tunica adventitia of blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "The outermost layer of a blood vessel, composed mainly of fibrous tissue." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Tunica_externa_%28vessels%29]
comment: TODO - note terminological problems. WP says tunica external layer of blood vessel. FMA says tunica externa = adventitia, and is FMA adventitia covers other kinds of vessels. Here we opt for a lengthier name that attempts to disambiguate. There is no precise FMA equivalent, as FMA has tunica externa of arteries, veins, genital ducts etc as siblings
synonym: "adventitia externa" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tunica_externa_%28vessels%29]
synonym: "external coat" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_externa_%28vessels%29]
synonym: "tunica adventitia" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tunica_externa_%28vessels%29]
synonym: "tunica adventitia of vessel" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tunica_externa_%28vessels%29]
synonym: "tunica adventitia vasorum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tunica_externa_%28vessels%29]
synonym: "tunica externa vasorum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tunica_externa_%28vessels%29]
xref: SCTID:61066005
xref: UMLS:C0225342
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Illu_artery.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tunica_Adventitia
is_a: UBERON:0004797  ! blood vessel layer
is_a: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
property_value: external_definition "The outermost layer of a blood vessel, surrounding the tunica media. It is mainly composed of collagen. The collagen serves to anchor the blood vessel to nearby organs, giving it stability[Wikipedia:Tunica_externa_%28vessels%29]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005740
name: tunica intima of artery
namespace: uberon
def: "A tunica intima that is part of a artery." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arterial intima" EXACT [EV:0100028]
synonym: "tunica interna (intima)(arteriae)" EXACT [FMA:14272]
xref: EV:0100028
xref: FMA:14272
xref: SCTID:40022005
xref: galen:IntimaOfArtery
is_a: UBERON:0002523  ! tunica intima
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000415 ! artery wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery
intersection_of: UBERON:0002523  ! tunica intima
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005741
name: adventitia of uterus
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0001297  ! serosa of uterus
xref: EMAPA:29925
xref: EMAPA:29933

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005742
name: adventitia
namespace: uberon
def: "An outermost connective tissue covering of an organ, vessel, or other structure[WP]." [Wikipedia:Adventitia]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "tunica advetitia" NARROW [Wikipedia:Adventitia]
synonym: "tunica externa" NARROW [FMA:45635]
xref: FMA:45635
xref: SCTID:30180000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Illu_esophageal_layers.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005743
name: obsolete central nervous system plus retina
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: this class was originally added to account for some definitions of the CNS that includes retina. Most existing AOs use CNS to exclude the retina (ZFA retina NOT part_of CNS. XAO excludes retina in text def, retina (previously) part_of CNS. MA retina NOT part_of CNS. NIF_GA retina NOT part_of CNS. Fly also excludes it. EFO also excludes it. GO also excludes it). Whilst logically valid, the use case is better served by following the developmental relationships for retina. See: http://groups.google.com/group/pons-representation-and-deployment/browse_thread/thread/957da161a4dd4f85/a340e30cc8e9b2ce?lnk=gst&q=retina#a340e30cc8e9b2ce

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005744
name: cranial conduit
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical space that is an opening in a bone, usually for passage of blood vessels or nerves." [TAO:curator, Wikipedia:Foramina_of_the_skull]
comment: AO notes: in FMA and ZFA this is a conduit space, not a conduit. Note there may be some additional disambiguation required: foramen is used loosely in the sense of any opening (e.g. foramen primum). FMA appears to use cranial conduit (undefined) in the sense of any foramen of the skull (includes mental foramen, which is not in the cranium proper).
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "foramen" BROAD [ZFA:0005386]
synonym: "foramen of skull" RELATED [Wikipedia:Foramina_of_the_skull]
synonym: "foramens@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001736]
synonym: "foramina@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001736]
xref: AAO:0010438
xref: FMA:53165
xref: SCTID:276742007
xref: TAO:0001736
xref: VHOG:0001760
xref: ZFA:0005386
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull
intersection_of: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005745
name: optic canal
namespace: uberon
def: "The short canal through the orbitosphenoid bone at the apex of the orbit that gives passage to the optic nerve and the opthalmic artery[MP]. The optic foramen is the opening to the optic canal. The superior surface of the sphenoid bone is bounded behind by a ridge, which forms the anterior border of a narrow, transverse groove, the chiasmatic groove (optic groove), above and behind which lies the optic chiasma; the groove ends on either side in the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery (with accompanying sympathetic nerve fibres) into the orbital cavity. The left and right optic canals are 25mm apart posteriorly and 30mm apart anteriorly. They are funnel-shaped (narrowest anteriorly)." [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MP:0010704, Wikipedia:Optic_canal]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "canalis opticus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_canal]
synonym: "canalis opticus, foramen opticum ossis sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_canal]
synonym: "optic foramen" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_canal]
synonym: "optic nerve foramen" EXACT [TAO:0002025]
xref: AAO:0000342
xref: EHDAA:10646
xref: FMA:54774
xref: SCTID:361732009
xref: TAO:0002025
xref: VHOG:0001408
xref: ZFA:0005428
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Orbita_mensch.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
property_value: external_definition "An aperture in the root of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone transmitting the optic nerve. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Foramen in the orbital region of the neurocranium for the passage of the optic nerve (cranial nerve II).[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005746
name: primary vitreous humour
namespace: uberon
def: "embryonic fibrovascular mesodermal tissue located between the optic cup and lens vesicle that normally regresses during the development of the vitreous body[MP]" [MP:0010711]
comment: Acellular in EHDAA2, MP defs says tissue
synonym: "primary vitreous" EXACT [MP:0010711]
xref: EHDAA2:0001502
xref: EHDAA:5707
xref: SCTID:343518007
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer
relationship: located_in UBERON:0005606 ! hyaloid cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008816 ! embryonic head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005749
name: glomerular tuft
namespace: uberon
def: "the capillary loops of the kidney that normally function as a filtration unit[MP]. ...Soon afterwards, endothelial cells invade to make a capillary knot-like outgrowth, the glomerular tuft, which goes on to form the glomerulus[GudMap]." [MP:0005325, Wikipedia:Glomerulus, http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
synonym: "glomerular capillary tuft" RELATED []
synonym: "glomerulus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [EMAPA:28239]
xref: EMAPA:28239
xref: SCTID:362217000
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005750
name: glomerular parietal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A single layer of simple squamous epithelium in the glomerular capsule. Does not function in filtration[UBERON]. outer layer of the glomerular capsule composed of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium[MP]" [MP:0011498, UBERON:cjm]
comment: TODO - check this. BTO has podocytes under here
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Bowman's parietal epithelium" EXACT [MP:0011498]
synonym: "capsular epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0002296]
synonym: "glomerular capsule parietal layer" EXACT [FMA:74272]
synonym: "outer layer of glomerular capsule" EXACT [FMA:74272]
synonym: "parietal capsular epithelium" EXACT [MP:0011498]
synonym: "parietal epithelial layer" EXACT [ZFA:0005253]
synonym: "parietal epithelium of Bowman's capsule" EXACT [MP:0011498]
synonym: "parietal layer of Bowman capsule" EXACT []
synonym: "parietal layer of Bowman's capsule" EXACT [MP:0011498]
synonym: "parietal layer of glomerular capsule" EXACT [FMA:74272, MP:0011498]
synonym: "renal glomerular capsule epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005253]
xref: BTO:0002296
xref: EMAPA:27979
xref: EMAPA:28260
xref: FMA:74272
xref: MA:0002605
xref: SCTID:362218005
xref: TAO:0005253
xref: UMLS:C0227645
xref: ZFA:0005253
xref: ncithesaurus:Parietal_Layer_of_Bowman_s_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0000487  ! simple squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004188  ! glomerular epithelium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001286 ! Bowman's space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule
property_value: external_definition "Simple squamous epithelium that lines the capsule of the renal glomerulus.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005751
name: visceral layer of glomerular capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "The inner, or visceral, layer of the renal glomerular capsule, overlying the capillaries, composed of podocytes, and separated from the outer, or parietal, layer by the capsular (Bowman's) space[BTO]. Lies just above the thickened glomerular basement membrane and is made of podocytes. Beneath the visceral layer lie the glomerular capillaries[WP]. inner layer of the glomerular capsule surrounding the capillary endothelial cells and composed of highly specialized epithelial cells (podocytes) that are separated by filtration slits; the visceral layer is separated from the outer parietal layer by the urinary space (also known as the Bowman's or capsular space)[MP]" [BTO:0001515, MP:0011497]
comment: TODO - check - the BTO class 'glomerular epithelium' is the visceral layer. But GO uses 'glomerular epithelium' as the mereological sum of P+V layers
subset: inconsistent_with_fma  ! classes that have some inconsistency with FMA
synonym: "Bowman's visceral epithelium" EXACT [MP:0011497]
synonym: "glomerular capsule visceral layer" EXACT [MP:0011497]
synonym: "inner epithelial layer of Bowman's capsule" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
synonym: "podocyte layer of Bowman's capsule" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
synonym: "visceral epithelium of Bowman's capsule" EXACT [MP:0011497, http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
synonym: "visceral layer of Bowman's capsule" EXACT [MP:0011497]
synonym: "visceral layer of glomerular capsule" EXACT [MP:0011497]
xref: FMA:74273
xref: SCTID:244093000
xref: UMLS:C0227644
xref: ncithesaurus:Visceral_Layer_of_Bowman_s_Capsule
is_a: UBERON:0004211  ! nephron epithelium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001286 ! Bowman's space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005753
name: caudal part of nephrogenic cord
namespace: uberon
def: "the metanephros develops from the most caudal part of the nephrogenic cord that is itself derived from the intermediate plate mesoderm." [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
synonym: "caudal portion of nephrogenic cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caudal region of nephrogenic cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rear part of nephrogenic cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "rear portion of nephrogenic cord" EXACT [Wikipedia:Metanephros#Metanephros]
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004875 ! nephrogenic cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005754
name: rostral part of nephrogenic cord
namespace: uberon
def: "The initial renal anlage that develops from the most rostral part of the nephrogenic cord is termed the pronephros." [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004875 ! nephrogenic cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005760
name: urorectal septum
namespace: uberon
def: "The ridge of mesoderm covered with endoderm that in the early developing embryo partitions the endodermal cloaca into the primary urogenital sinus (ventrally) and the anorectal canal of the hindgut (dorsally); the urorectal septum eventually fuses with the cloacal membrane, dividing it into a dorsal anal membrane and a larger ventral urogenital membrane - this area of fusion is represented in the adult by the perineal body[MP]." [MP:anna, Wikipedia:Urorectal_septum]
comment: Editor notes: todo - use to define cloacal septation in GO
synonym: "cloacal septum" RELATED [VHOG:0000018]
synonym: "septum urorectale" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Urorectal_septum]
synonym: "urorectal fold" EXACT [MP:anna]
synonym: "urorectal membrane" EXACT [MP:anna]
xref: EHDAA2:0002152
xref: EHDAA:5921
xref: EMAPA:17212
xref: EMAPA:17380
xref: UMLS:C1519838
xref: VHOG:0000018
xref: Wikipedia:Urorectal_septum
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gray992.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Urorectal_Septum
is_a: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012361 ! internal anal region
property_value: external_definition "A ridge of mesoderm covered with endoderm that in the early developing embryo divides the endodermal cloaca into the urogenital sinus and the rectum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In mammals the lowly monotremes still have a cloaca. Higher types have done away with this structure and have a separate anal outlet for the rectum. The monotreme cloaca shows the initiation of this subdivision. The cloaca has such includes only the distal part, roughly comparable to the proctodeum. The more proximal part is divided into (1) a large dorsal passage into which the intestine opens, the coprodeum, and (2) a ventral portion, the urodeum with which the bladder connects. (...) the development of the placental mammals recapitulates in many respects the phylogenetic story. In the sexually indifferent stage of placental mammal there is a cloaca. While the indifferent stage still persists, a septum develops, and extends out to the closing membrane. This divides the cloaca into two chambers: a coprodeum continuous with the gut above, and a urodeum or urogenital sinus below.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005764
name: acellular membrane
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:63871
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005769
name: basement membrane
namespace: uberon
comment: we include this even though it is redundant with GO because we have subclasses that are appropriate for an ontology of gross anatomy
synonym: "Basement membrane of connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:63872]
synonym: "basal lamina" RELATED [GAID:915]
synonym: "basement lamina" RELATED [GAID:915]
xref: AAO:0010596
xref: FMA:63872
xref: GAID:915
xref: GO:0005604
xref: SCTID:68989006
xref: UMLS:C0004799
xref: ncithesaurus:Basement_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0005764  ! acellular membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005777
name: glomerular basement membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration through the filtration slits between the podocytes, separating the blood on the inside from the filtrate on the outside. It is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas." [Wikipedia:Glomerular_basement_membrane]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "GBM" BROAD ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "glomerular capillary basement membrane" EXACT [MA:0001659]
synonym: "glomerular filtration membrane" EXACT [ZFA:0005285]
xref: EMAPA:28251
xref: EMAPA:30965
xref: FMA:74274
xref: MA:0001659
xref: SCTID:243897006
xref: TAO:0005285
xref: UMLS:C0599297
xref: ZFA:0005285
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/PhysiologieGlom%C3%A9rulaire.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Glomerular_Basement_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004188 ! glomerular epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus
property_value: external_definition "Membrane between the mesonephric podocytes and the renal glomerular capillaries.  It is a trilaminar structure composed of the fused basement membranes of the glomerular capillaries and basement membrane of the podocytes.  The capillary membranes touch the GBM at contact points that are separated by pores.  The membrane is semi-permeable allowing water and small molecules to pass into the renal capsular space.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005787
name: lamina densa
namespace: uberon
def: "Middle layer of the glomerular basement membrane." [ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lamina densa of glomerular basement membrane" EXACT [FMA:74276]
synonym: "middle layer of glomerular basement membrane" EXACT [FMA:74276]
xref: FMA:74276
xref: TAO:0005286
xref: UMLS:C1235665
xref: ZFA:0005286
xref: ncithesaurus:Lamina_Densa
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005788 ! lamina rara interna
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005789 ! lamina rara externa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005777 ! glomerular basement membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0005788 ! lamina rara interna
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0005789 ! lamina rara externa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005777 ! glomerular basement membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005788
name: lamina rara interna
namespace: uberon
def: "Layer of the glomerular basement membrane adjacent to the glomerular capillary." [ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "internal layer of glomerular basement membrane" EXACT [FMA:74277]
synonym: "lamina interna of glomerular basement membrane" EXACT [FMA:74277]
xref: FMA:74277
xref: TAO:0005287
xref: UMLS:C1517719
xref: ZFA:0005287
xref: ncithesaurus:Lamina_Rara_Interna
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005777 ! glomerular basement membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005777 ! glomerular basement membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005789
name: lamina rara externa
namespace: uberon
def: "Layer of the glomerular basement membrane adjacent to the podocytes and capsular space." [ZFIN:curator]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "external layer of glomerular basement membrane" EXACT [FMA:74275]
synonym: "lamina externa of glomerular basement membrane" EXACT [FMA:74275]
xref: FMA:74275
xref: TAO:0005288
xref: UMLS:C1517718
xref: ZFA:0005288
xref: ncithesaurus:Lamina_Rara_Externa
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001286 ! Bowman's space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005777 ! glomerular basement membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001286 ! Bowman's space
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005777 ! glomerular basement membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005792
name: nephric ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "Nephric tubules (nephrons) form embryonically along the nephric ridge. The ridge comprises three regions; anterior, middle and posterior. The functional kidney uses nephrons from only one or two regions of the ridge. A pronephric kidney uses only the nephrons from the anterior region of the ridge. A mesonephric kidney uses only the middle region, a metanephric kidney uses only the posterior region and an opisthonephric kidney uses the middle and posterior regions. " [http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/martini10/chapter27/custom2/deluxe-content.html]
comment: TODO - check ridge vs cord vs nephrogenic cord vs blastema
synonym: "nephric cord" RELATED [VHOG:0001240]
xref: EHDAA2:0001242
xref: EHDAA:1015
xref: EMAPA:16368
xref: VHOG:0001240
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004122 ! genitourinary system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005795
name: embryonic uterus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fetal uterus" EXACT [FMA:72173]
xref: FMA:72173
xref: SCTID:255782009
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005800
name: segment of aorta
namespace: uberon
synonym: "aortic segment" EXACT [FMA:13087]
xref: FMA:13087
xref: SCTID:119203005
xref: UMLS:C0506947
xref: ncithesaurus:Aortic_Segment
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005805
name: dorsal aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "The artery in vertebrate embryos that transports blood from the aortic arches to the trunk and limbs. In adult fish it is a major artery that carries oxygenated blood from the efferent branchial arteries to branches that supply the body organ. In adult tetrapods it arises from the systemic arch[BTO]. The dorsal aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once[GO]. Each primitive aorta receives anteriorly a vein 'the vitelline vein' from the yolk-sac, and is prolonged backward on the lateral aspect of the notochord under the name of the dorsal aorta. The dorsal aortae give branches to the yolk-sac, and are continued backward through the body-stalk as the umbilical arteries to the villi of the chorion. The two dorsal aortae combine to become the descending aorta in later development[WP]." [BTO:0004673, GO:0035907, Wikipedia:Dorsal_aorta, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3316981&group_id=36855&atid=440764]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "DA" EXACT [ZFA:0000014]
synonym: "aortae dorsales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_aorta]
synonym: "dorsal aort%c3%a6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_aorta]
synonym: "dorsal aorta root" RELATED [VHOG:0000264]
synonym: "dorsal aortic root" RELATED [VHOG:0000264]
xref: AAO:0011029
xref: BTO:0004673
xref: EHDAA:402
xref: EMAPA:18606
xref: SCTID:338637006
xref: TAO:0000014
xref: VHOG:0000264
xref: XAO:0000051
xref: ZFA:0000014
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gray459.png
is_a: UBERON:0000947  ! aorta
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001917 ! endothelium of artery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0001514 ! descending aorta
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of axial vasculature (TAO:0001073)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Principal unpaired, median artery of the trunk, leading from the paired roots (radices) of the dorsal aorta to the caudal artery. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005806
name: portal system
namespace: uberon
def: "In the circulatory system of animals, a portal venous system occurs when a capillary bed drains into another capillary bed through veins, without first going through the heart. Both capillary beds and the blood vessels that connect them are considered part of the portal venous system. They are relatively uncommon as the majority of capillary beds drain into veins which then drain into the heart, not into another capillary bed. Portal venous systems are considered venous because the blood vessels that join the two capillary beds are either veins or venules. Examples of such systems include the hepatic portal system and the hypophyseal portal system. Unqualified, 'portal venous system' often refers to the hepatic portal system. For this reason, 'portal vein' most commonly refers to the hepatic portal vein[WP]." [Wikipedia:Portal_venous_system]
synonym: "portal venous system" EXACT [FMA:45628]
xref: FMA:45628
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.670
xref: SCTID:362063001
xref: UMLS:C0226727
xref: ncithesaurus:Portal_Venous_System
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005807
name: rostral ventrolateral medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "Control of blood pressure is crucially dependent on the integrity of a small region of the brainstem called the ventrolateral medulla. Within this part of the brain are the cells that control the heart, blood vessels, swallowing, breathing and many other functions of the body that are not noticed at a conscious level; such unconscious activities are known as 'Autonomic'. One of these regions is the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla (RVLM) is also known as the pressor area of the medulla (medulla pressor). It receives inhibitory GABAergic input from the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM). The RVLM is the primary regulator of the sympathetic nervous system, sending excitatory fibers (catecholaminergic) to the sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord, via reticulospinal tract[WP]." [Wikipedia:Rostral_ventrolateral_medulla]
synonym: "RVLM" EXACT []
synonym: "medulla pressor" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rostral_ventrolateral_medulla]
xref: BTO:0002778
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005808
name: bone tissue of long bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone tissue that is part of a long bone." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:83117
xref: SCTID:425475006
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005809
name: cortex of manus bone
namespace: uberon
def: "." [HP:0005926]
is_a: UBERON:0001439  ! compact bone
is_a: UBERON:0003598  ! manus connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001439  ! compact bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005810
name: cervical vertebra 1 anterior tubercle
namespace: uberon
comment: TODO - check: anterior vs ventral; arch vs transverse process
synonym: "anterior tubercle of atlas" EXACT [FMA:23991]
synonym: "atlas ventral tubercle" EXACT [MA:0002871]
synonym: "cervical vertebra 1 ventral tubercle" EXACT [MA:0002871]
synonym: "tubercle of anterior arch of atlas" EXACT [FMA:23991]
synonym: "tuberculum anterius (atlas)" EXACT [FMA:23991]
synonym: "ventral tubercle of atlas" EXACT [MP:0010731]
xref: FMA:23991
xref: MA:0002871
xref: SCTID:281224005
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005814 ! arch of atlas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005813
name: tubercle
namespace: uberon
def: "a round nodule, small eminence, or warty outgrowth found on bones, skin, or within the lungs in tuberculosis. They are also found on the leading edge of Humpback Whale's flippers, improving fluid flow over the flipper's surface[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tubercle_(anatomy)]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010605
xref: BTO:0002173
xref: FMA:75429
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005814
name: arch of atlas
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Arch_of_the_atlas]
synonym: "atlas arch" EXACT [FMA:23975]
xref: FMA:23975
xref: SCTID:272708001
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
is_a: UBERON:0010358  ! arch of centrum of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0010358  ! arch of centrum of vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005815
name: anterior tubercle of transverse process of cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior costal tubercle of transverse process of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:24126]
synonym: "anterior tubercle of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:24126]
synonym: "tuberculum cervicales anterius vertebrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24126, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:24126
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005816
name: posterior tubercle of transverse process of cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
synonym: "posterior costal tubercle of transverse process of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:24128]
synonym: "posterior tubercle of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:24128]
synonym: "tuberculum cervicales posterius vertebrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24128, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:24128
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005817
name: neuraxis flexure
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that is regional part of the central nervous system where there is a significant bend of the axis." [ZFIN:Curator]
xref: ZFA:0005593
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005818
name: cephalic flexure
namespace: uberon
def: "the first flexure, or bend, of the embryonic brain; it appears in the region of the mid-brain. In human embryos it generally occurs at the end of the 3rd week/beginning of 4th. By means of it the fore-brain is bent in a ventral direction around the anterior end of the notochord and fore-gut, with the result that the floor of the fore-brain comes to lie almost parallel with that of the hind-brain. This flexure causes the mid-brain to become, for a time, the most prominent part of the brain, since its dorsal surface corresponds with the convexity of the curve. As a consequence, the cardiac plate, which was previously anterior to the forebrain, approximates its adult location in what will become the thoracic region[WP]. Ventral bend in the brain occurring caudal to the adenohypophyseal placode[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Cephalic_flexure, ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "flexura mesencephalica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cephalic_flexure]
synonym: "mesencephalic flexure" EXACT [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rswenson/NeuroSci/chapter_4.html]
synonym: "midbrain flexure" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral flexure" EXACT [ZFA:0001640]
xref: TAO:0002181
xref: ZFA:0001640
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray651.png
is_a: UBERON:0005817  ! neuraxis flexure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
relationship: connects UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
property_value: external_definition "Ventral bend in the brain occurring caudal to the adenohypophyseal placode.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005819
name: cervical flexure
namespace: uberon
def: "ventrally concave flexure of the embryonic brain occurring at the junction of hindbrain and spinal cord[MP]. In humans develops by the 5th week of gestation[WP]." [MP:0000913]
is_a: UBERON:0005817  ! neuraxis flexure
relationship: connects UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: connects UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005820
name: pontine flexure
namespace: uberon
def: "a bend in the axis of the embryological central nervous system (the neuraxis). This flexure marks the junction between the metencephalon and the myelencephalon. The division of the rhombencephalon (the early hindbrain) into the metencephalon and the myelencephalon occurs at the 7th week of development. In the mature brain, the metencephalon forms the pons and cerebellum, whilst the myelencephalon forms the medulla oblongata[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_flexure]
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0005817  ! neuraxis flexure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
relationship: connects UBERON:0005290 ! myelencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007277 ! presumptive hindbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005821
name: gracile fasciculus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004168
def: "a group of axons that are from neurons involved in proprioception from the lower trunk and lower limb[GO]. The fasciculus gracilis (tract of Goll) is a bundle of axon fibres in the dorsomedial spinal cord that carries information about fine touch, vibrations, and conscious proprioception from the lower part of the body to the brain stem. It is part of the posterior column of the spinal cord, which also contains the fasciculus cuneatus, which carries the same information from the upper part of the body. This tract and its continuation in the brain stem is often referred to as the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The fasciculus gracilis is wedge-shaped on transverse section and lies next the posterior median septum, its base being at the surface of the medulla spinalis, and its apex directed toward the posterior gray commissure. It increases in size from below upward, and consists of long thin fibers that are derived from the posterior nerve roots, and ascend as far as the medulla oblongata, where they end in the nucleus gracilis. The tract of Goll was named after Swiss neuroanatomist Friedrich Goll[WP]." [GO:0021958, Wikipedia:Gracile_fasciculus]
comment: distinction between axon tract and fasicule is unclear, we create is_a parentage to both
synonym: "f. gracilis medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gracile_fasciculus]
synonym: "fasciculus gracilis" EXACT [FMA:258416]
synonym: "gracile column" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gracile_fasciculus]
synonym: "gracile fascicle" EXACT [FMA:258416]
synonym: "gracile tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gracile_fasciculus]
synonym: "gracilis tract" EXACT [GO:0021958]
synonym: "tract of Goll" EXACT [GO:0021958]
xref: BM:Me-GF
xref: FMA:258416
xref: SCTID:369079001
xref: UMLS:C0228522
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tract_of_Goll
is_a: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
is_a: UBERON:0001019  ! fascicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002316 ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005826
name: gracile fasciculus of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A gracile fasciculus that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: editor note: check ontology structure, isa parentage to fasciculus of spinal cord should be inferred
synonym: "gracile fascicle of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:73938]
synonym: "spinal cord segment of fasciculus gracilis" EXACT [FMA:73938]
synonym: "spinal cord segment of gracile fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:73938]
xref: FMA:73938
is_a: UBERON:0005821  ! gracile fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0005837  ! fasciculus of spinal cord
is_a: UBERON:0007699  ! tract of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005373 ! spinal cord dorsal column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005821  ! gracile fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005832
name: cuneate fasciculus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004169
comment: we assign the synonym 'Burdachs tract' to the subclass
synonym: "cuneate column" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus]
synonym: "cuneate tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus]
synonym: "cuneatus tract" EXACT [GO:0021959]
synonym: "fasciculus cuneatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus]
synonym: "fasciculus cuneus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus]
xref: BM:Me-CF
xref: Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005835
name: cuneate fasciculus of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "The fasciculus cuneatus (tract of Burdach, named for Karl Friedrich Burdach) is a bundle of nerves in the spinal cord which primarily transmits information from the arms. It is part of the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway." [GO:0021959, Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus]
comment: editor note: check ontology structure, isa parentage to fasciculus of spinal cord should be inferred. TODO - change definition to be the *whole* of the CF in the SC
synonym: "burdach's tract" EXACT [FMA:73941]
synonym: "cuneate fascicle of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:73941]
synonym: "cuneate fasciculus" BROAD [FMA:73941]
synonym: "fasciculus cuneatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:73941, FMA:TA]
synonym: "fasciculus cuneatus medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cuneate_fasciculus]
synonym: "tract of Burdach" EXACT [GO:0021959]
xref: FMA:73941
xref: SCTID:314792006
xref: UMLS:C0228578
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tract_of_Burdach
is_a: UBERON:0005832  ! cuneate fasciculus
is_a: UBERON:0005837  ! fasciculus of spinal cord
is_a: UBERON:0007699  ! tract of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005373 ! spinal cord dorsal column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005832  ! cuneate fasciculus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005837
name: fasciculus of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A fascicle that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal cord fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:75799]
xref: FMA:75799
is_a: UBERON:0001019  ! fascicle
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0001019  ! fascicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005838
name: fasciculus of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "A fascicle that is part of a brain." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "brain fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:83844]
xref: FMA:83844
is_a: UBERON:0001019  ! fascicle
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0001019  ! fascicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005839
name: thoracic spinal cord dorsal column
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column that is part of a thoracic spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal funiculus of thoracic segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258178]
synonym: "dorsal white column of thoracic segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258178]
synonym: "thoracic segment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258178]
synonym: "thoracic spinal cord posterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1442]
xref: FMA:258178
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1442
is_a: UBERON:0006079  ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0006079  ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005840
name: sacral spinal cord dorsal column
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column that is part of a sacral spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sacral spinal cord posterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1514]
synonym: "sacral subsegment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258198]
xref: FMA:258198
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1514
is_a: UBERON:0006079  ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0006079  ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005841
name: cervical spinal cord dorsal column
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column that is part of a cervical spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cervical segment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258176]
synonym: "cervical spinal cord posterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_736]
synonym: "dorsal funiculus of cervical segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258176]
synonym: "dorsal white column of cervical segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258176]
xref: FMA:258176
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_736
is_a: UBERON:0006079  ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0006079  ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005842
name: lumbar spinal cord dorsal column
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column that is part of a lumbar spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "dorsal funiculus of lumbar segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258180]
synonym: "dorsal white column of lumbar segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258180]
synonym: "lumbar segment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258180]
synonym: "lumbar segment of gracile fasciculus of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:258180]
synonym: "lumbar spinal cord posterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_834]
xref: FMA:258180
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_834
is_a: UBERON:0006079  ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0006079  ! subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005843
name: sacral spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a sacral region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sacral segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256623]
synonym: "sacral segments of spinal cord [1-5]" EXACT [FMA:256623]
synonym: "segmenta sacralia medullae spinalis [1-5]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:256623, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:256623
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1275
xref: SCTID:244438003
xref: UMLS:C0581669
xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Spinal_Cord
is_a: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005473 ! sacral region
intersection_of: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0005473 ! sacral region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005844
name: spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: This is currently used loosely to refer to cervical, lumbar, etc as well as the metamerically repeated segments, which may correspond more closely with the ZFA neuromere term
synonym: "axial part of spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2665]
synonym: "axial regional part of spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2665]
synonym: "segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:62420]
synonym: "spinal neuromere" RELATED [TAO:0001332]
synonym: "spinal neuromeres" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001332]
xref: FMA:62420
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2665
xref: SCTID:278748001
xref: TAO:0001332
xref: ZFA:0001332
is_a: UBERON:0001948  ! regional part of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005845
name: caudal segment of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a caudal region." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: for spinal cord segments, we treat coccygeal/caudal as synonyms - we only differentiate where bone is concerned
synonym: "coccygeal segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256635]
synonym: "coccygeal segments of spinal cord [1-3]" EXACT [FMA:256635]
synonym: "segmenta coccygea medullae spinalis [1-3]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:256635, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:256635
xref: SCTID:278753006
is_a: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006071 ! caudal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006071 ! caudal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005847
name: thoracic spinal cord lateral column
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of spinal cord lateral column that is part of a thoracic spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1439
is_a: UBERON:0006078  ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0006078  ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005848
name: sacral spinal cord lateral column
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of spinal cord lateral column that is part of a sacral spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1587
is_a: UBERON:0006078  ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0006078  ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005849
name: cervical spinal cord lateral column
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of spinal cord lateral column that is part of a cervical spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_729
is_a: UBERON:0006078  ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0006078  ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005850
name: lumbar spinal cord lateral column
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of spinal cord lateral column that is part of a lumbar spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_828
is_a: UBERON:0006078  ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0006078  ! subdivision of spinal cord lateral column
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005852
name: thoracic spinal cord ventral column
namespace: uberon
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1448
is_a: UBERON:0002318  ! white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005375 ! spinal cord ventral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005853
name: sacral spinal cord ventral column
namespace: uberon
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1520
is_a: UBERON:0002318  ! white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005375 ! spinal cord ventral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005854
name: cervical spinal cord ventral column
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cervical spinal cord anterior column" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1660]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1660
is_a: UBERON:0002318  ! white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005375 ! spinal cord ventral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005855
name: lumbar spinal cord ventral column
namespace: uberon
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_840
is_a: UBERON:0002318  ! white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005375 ! spinal cord ventral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005856
name: developing mesenchymal condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A delimited region of dense mesenchyme within looser mesenchyme." [AEO:0000148]
synonym: "mesenchyme condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:25351]
xref: AEO:0000148
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003148
xref: EHDAA:8979
xref: EMAPA:25351
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
is_a: UBERON:0011585  ! cell condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005863
name: cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "Cell condensation that is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells that are committed to differentiate into chondroblasts and chondrocytes." [GO:curator]
comment: AO notes: isa cell condensation in VSAO; has_part chondroblast in AEO
synonym: "cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:25353]
synonym: "cartilagenous condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003147]
synonym: "chondrogenic condensation" EXACT [VSAO:0000092]
xref: AEO:0000147
xref: EHDAA2:0003147
xref: EMAPA:25353
xref: VSAO:0000092
xref: XAO:0004022
is_a: UBERON:0005856  ! developing mesenchymal condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004288 ! skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005865
name: pre-muscle condensation
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0008714
synonym: "pre muscle mass" EXACT []
synonym: "premuscle mass" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0000149
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003149
is_a: UBERON:0005856  ! developing mesenchymal condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005866
name: pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A closely packed aggregation of mesenchymal cells just prior to their differentiation into embryonic cartilage." [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/precartilage]
synonym: "pre-chondrogenic condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "precartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "precartilagenous condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "prechondrogenic condensation" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0000150
xref: EHDAA2:0003150
is_a: UBERON:0005856  ! developing mesenchymal condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004288 ! skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005867
name: mandibular prominence
namespace: uberon
def: "The mandibular prominence is an embryological structure which gives rise to the lower portion of the face. The mandible and lower lip derive from it. It is innervated by the mandibular nerve." [Wikipedia:Mandibular_prominence]
comment: Editor note: check develops_from
synonym: "mandibular process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mandibular_prominence]
synonym: "mandibular swelling" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "prominentia mandibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mandibular_prominence]
xref: EHDAA2:0001061
xref: EHDAA:5871
xref: EMAPA:17355
xref: UMLS:C1512982
xref: ncithesaurus:Mandibular_Prominence
is_a: UBERON:0012314  ! embryonic facial prominence
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007237 ! 1st arch mandibular component
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005868
name: maxillary prominence
namespace: uberon
def: "Continuous with the dorsal end of the mandibular arch, and growing forward from its cephalic border, is a triangular process, the maxillary process (or maxillary prominence), the ventral extremity of which is separated from the mandibular arch by a '>' shaped notch. The maxillary process forms the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, and in it are ossified the zygomatic bone and the greater part of the maxilla; it meets with the lateral nasal process, from which, however, it is separated for a time by a groove, the naso-optic furrow, that extends from the furrow encircling the eyeball to the olfactory pit. The maxillary processes ultimately fuse with the lateral nasal and globular processes, and form the lateral parts of the upper lip and the posterior boundaries of the nares. It is innervated by the maxillary nerve." [Wikipedia:Maxillary_prominence]
synonym: "embryonic maxillary process" EXACT []
synonym: "maxillary process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001070]
synonym: "maxillary process of embryo" EXACT []
synonym: "prominentia maxilaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_prominence]
xref: EHDAA2:0001070
xref: EHDAA:5877
xref: EMAPA:17359
xref: SCTID:346355001
xref: UMLS:C1513037
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray48.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Maxillary_Prominence
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007238 ! 1st arch maxillary component
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
disjoint_from: UBERON:0005869  ! maxillary process of inferior nasal concha

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005869
name: maxillary process of inferior nasal concha
namespace: uberon
def: "From the lower border of the inferior nasal concha, a thin lamina, the maxillary process, curves downward and lateralward; it articulates with the maxilla and forms a part of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus." [Wikipedia:Maxillary_process_of_inferior_nasal_concha]
synonym: "maxillary process of inferior concha" EXACT [FMA:54741]
synonym: "maxillary process of inferior nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54741]
synonym: "maxillary process of inferior turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54741]
synonym: "maxilloturbinal" RELATED [palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html]
synonym: "p. maxillaris conchae nasalis inferioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_process_of_inferior_nasal_concha]
synonym: "processus maxillaris (concha nasalis inferior)" EXACT [FMA:54741]
synonym: "processus maxillaris conchae nasalis inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54741, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:54741
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Gray172.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005922 ! inferior nasal concha

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005870
name: olfactory pit
namespace: uberon
def: "An indentation of the olfactory placode which ends when the pits hollows out to form the nasopharynx[GO]." [GO:0060166, Wikipedia:Nasal_pit]
comment: we represent the relationship as develops from, though in fact the pit is formed as an indentation in the placode
synonym: "nasal pit" EXACT [XAO:0000275]
xref: AAO:0011068
xref: EFO:0003496
xref: EHDAA2:0001295
xref: EHDAA:4772
xref: EMAPA:16800
xref: SCTID:361485001
xref: XAO:0000275
xref: XAO:0004073
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 ! olfactory placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "By the upgrowth of the surrounding parts the olfactory areas are converted into pits, the nasal pits or olfactory pits, which indent the fronto-nasal process and divide it into a medial and two lateral nasal processes[Wikipedia:Nasal_pit]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005871
name: palatine process of maxilla
namespace: uberon
def: "The palatine process of the maxilla (palatal process), thick and strong, is horizontal and projects medialward from the nasal surface of the bone. It forms a considerable part of the floor of the nose and the roof of the mouth and is much thicker in front than behind. Its inferior surface is concave, rough and uneven, and forms, with the palatine process of the opposite bone, the anterior three-fourths of the hard palate. It is perforated by numerous foramina for the passage of the nutrient vessels; is channelled at the back part of its lateral border by a groove, sometimes a canal, for the transmission of the descending palatine vessels and the anterior palatine nerve from the spheno-palatine ganglion; and presents little depressions for the lodgement of the palatine glands. When the two maxillae are articulated, a funnel-shaped opening, the incisive foramen, is seen in the middle line, immediately behind the incisor teeth. In this opening the orifices of two lateral canals are visible; they are named the incisive canals or foramina of Stenson; through each of them passes the terminal branch of the descending palatine artery and the nasopalatine nerve. Occasionally two additional canals are present in the middle line; they are termed the foramina of Scarpa, and when present transmit the nasopalatine nerves, the left passing through the anterior, and the right through the posterior canal. On the under surface of the palatine process, a delicate linear suture, well seen in young skulls, may sometimes be noticed extending lateralward and forward on either side from the incisive foramen to the interval between the lateral incisor and the canine tooth. The small part in front of this suture constitutes the premaxilla (os incisivum), which in most vertebrates forms an independent bone; it includes the whole thickness of the alveolus, the corresponding part of the floor of the nose and the anterior nasal spine, and contains the sockets of the incisor teeth. The upper surface of the palatine process is concave from side to side, smooth, and forms the greater part of the floor of the nasal cavity. It presents, close to its medial margin, the upper orifice of the incisive canal. The lateral border of the process is incorporated with the rest of the bone. The medial border is thicker in front than behind, and is raised above into a ridge, the nasal crest, which, with the corresponding ridge of the opposite bone, forms a groove for the reception of the vomer. The front part of this ridge rises to a considerable height, and is named the incisor crest; it is prolonged forward into a sharp process, which forms, together with a similar process of the opposite bone, the anterior nasal spine. The posterior border is serrated for articulation with the horizontal part of the palatine bone." [Wikipedia:Palatine_process_of_maxilla]
synonym: "palatal process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palatine_process_of_maxilla]
synonym: "palatine process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palatine_process_of_maxilla]
synonym: "processus palatinus (maxilla)" EXACT [FMA:52896]
synonym: "processus palatinus maxillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatine_process_of_maxilla]
synonym: "processus palatinus ossis maxillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatine_process_of_maxilla]
xref: FMA:52896
xref: SCTID:368870009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Gray160.png
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012074 ! bony part of hard palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005872
name: 1st arch pharyngeal cleft
namespace: uberon
def: "A groove that is situated between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch." [VHOG:OG]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "1st arch branchial groove" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000008]
synonym: "1st arch groove ectoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000009]
synonym: "1st pharyngeal cleft" RELATED [VHOG:0000969]
synonym: "1st pharyngeal groove" EXACT [VHOG:0000969]
synonym: "1st pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000554]
synonym: "branchial groove of 1st arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16119]
xref: EHDAA2:0000009
xref: EHDAA:575
xref: EMAPA:16119
xref: VHOG:0000554
xref: VHOG:0000969
is_a: UBERON:0005879  ! pharyngeal cleft
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0005879  ! pharyngeal cleft
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
property_value: external_definition "A groove that is situated between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.70, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In all jawed vertebrates the first arch forms the jaw, while the second arch forms the hyoid apparatus. These two arches are separated by the first pharyngeal pouch and cleft.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005873
name: 2nd arch pharyngeal cleft
namespace: uberon
def: "A groove that is situated between the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch." [VHOG:OG]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "2nd arch branchial groove" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000054]
synonym: "2nd arch groove ectoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000057]
synonym: "2nd pharyngeal cleft" RELATED [VHOG:0000972]
synonym: "2nd pharyngeal groove" EXACT [VHOG:0000972]
synonym: "2nd pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000568]
synonym: "branchial groove of 2nd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16396]
xref: EHDAA2:0000057
xref: EHDAA:613
xref: EMAPA:16396
xref: VHOG:0000568
xref: VHOG:0000972
is_a: UBERON:0005879  ! pharyngeal cleft
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0005879  ! pharyngeal cleft
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
property_value: external_definition "A groove that is situated between the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.70, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005874
name: 3rd arch pharyngeal cleft
namespace: uberon
def: "A groove that is situated between the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arch." [VHOG:OG]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "3rd arch branchial groove" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000071]
synonym: "3rd arch groove ectoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000074]
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal cleft" RELATED [VHOG:0000973]
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal groove" EXACT [VHOG:0000973]
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000572]
synonym: "branchial groove of 3rd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16581]
xref: EHDAA2:0000074
xref: EHDAA:1082
xref: EMAPA:16581
xref: VHOG:0000572
xref: VHOG:0000973
is_a: UBERON:0005879  ! pharyngeal cleft
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0005879  ! pharyngeal cleft
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
property_value: external_definition "A groove that is situated between the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.70, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005875
name: 4th arch pharyngeal cleft
namespace: uberon
def: "A groove that is situated between the 4th and 5th pharyngeal arch." [VHOG:OG]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "4th arch branchial groove" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000088]
synonym: "4th arch pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000089]
synonym: "4th pharyngeal cleft" RELATED [VHOG:0000968]
synonym: "4th pharyngeal groove" EXACT [VHOG:0000968]
synonym: "4th pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000577]
synonym: "branchial groove of 4th arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16761]
xref: EHDAA2:0000089
xref: EHDAA:1665
xref: EMAPA:16761
xref: EMAPA:16762
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000088
xref: VHOG:0000577
xref: VHOG:0000968
is_a: UBERON:0005879  ! pharyngeal cleft
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0005879  ! pharyngeal cleft
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5
property_value: external_definition "A groove that is situated between the 4th and 5th pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.70, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005876
name: undifferentiated genital tubercle
namespace: uberon
def: "A genital tubercle is a body of tissue present in the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It forms in the ventral, caudal region of mammalian embryos of both sexes, and eventually develops into a phallus. In the human fetus the genital tubercle develops around week 4 of gestation, and by week 9 becomes recognizably either a clitoris or penis. This should not be confused with the sinus tubercle which is a proliferation of endoderm induced by paramesonephic ducts. Even after the phallus is developed, the term genital tubercle remains, but only as the terminal end of it[2], which develops into either the glans penis or the glans clitoridis. The genital tubercle is sensitive to dihydrotestosterone and rich in 5-alpha-reductase, so that the amount of fetal testosterone present after the second month is a major determinant of phallus size at birth.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Genital_tubercle]
comment: Taxon notes: todo - add taxon constraints. AO notes: we assume the EMAPA class is the undifferentiated form based on TS timings
synonym: "genital tubercle" RELATED [EMAPA:17382]
synonym: "phallic tubercle" RELATED []
synonym: "tuberculum genitale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Genital_tubercle]
synonym: "tuberculum phallicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Genital_tubercle]
synonym: "undifferentiated genital tubercle" EXACT [VHOG:0000583]
xref: EHDAA2:0000705
xref: EHDAA:5925
xref: EMAPA:17382
xref: SCTID:308798005
xref: VHOG:0000583
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Gray1119.png
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004874 ! somatopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009196 ! indifferent external genitalia
property_value: external_definition "The eminence in the embryo which develops into the clitoris or penis. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, which emerges as paired swellings ventral to the cloacal membrane, is proposed to be derived from all three germ layers, and gives rise to the penis, clitoris, scrotum, labia, and foreskin; GT development is indistinguishable in male and female mouse embryos until ~E16, when the urethral plate begins to be masculinized to form the penile urethra, marking the beginning of an androgen-dependent phase of sexual differentiation[MP]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In mammalian embryos, male and female external genitalia develop from the genital tubercle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005879
name: pharyngeal cleft
namespace: uberon
def: "the counterpart of a branchial pouch on the ectodermal side. The first pharyngeal groove produces the external auditory meatus.[2] The rest (2, 3, and 4) are overlapped by the growing 2nd pharyngeal arch, and form the floor of the depression termed the cervical sinus, which opens ventrally, and finally obliterated[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove]
comment: AO notes: some ontologies distringuish between cleft and cleft ectoderm, we merge these here. Editor notes: consider adding location (precursor) - i.e. external (ectodermal). Note we use overlaps as the relationship to the arches
synonym: "Kiemenspalten" RELATED []
synonym: "branchial cleft" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove]
synonym: "branchial groove" RELATED [AAO:0010623, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove]
synonym: "gill cleft" NARROW []
synonym: "pharyngeal groove" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove]
synonym: "pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "sulcus pharyngei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove]
xref: AAO:0010623
xref: UMLS:C1280559
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Kiemenbogen.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Groove
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006846  ! groove
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005880
name: prepollex
namespace: uberon
def: "A rudimentary additional digit-like structure on the preaxial side of the thumb of certain amphibians and mammals[dictionary.com]." [http://dictionary.com]
comment: not homologous to digit 1 of tetrapods. Note we treat the prepollex as distinct from the digits, which are not part of the carpus
synonym: "pseudothumb" RELATED [doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1038]
is_a: UBERON:0005881  ! limb outgrowth
is_a: UBERON:0008785  ! upper limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
property_value: external_definition "Two or more elements located ventral and medial to the metacarpal of digit II(I). The proximal prepollex is small and round whereas distal prepollex 1 is usually large and wedge-shaped. When more elements are present, they are smaller than previous elements.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005881
name: limb outgrowth
namespace: uberon
comment: encompasses digits and prepollex. requires review
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005882
name: alar plate
namespace: uberon
def: "the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses." [MP:0009692, Wikipedia:Alar_plate]
synonym: "alar lamina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Alar_lamina]
synonym: "alar plate of neural tube" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal part of neural tube" RELATED []
synonym: "lamina alaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alar_plate]
synonym: "lamina dorsolateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alar_plate]
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Gray646.png
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: dorsal_to UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004061 ! neural tube mantle layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005883
name: neural tube lateral wall mantle layer
namespace: uberon
comment: TODO - expand subtypes post EHDAA2-revision, check lateral wall
xref: EHDAA2:0001261
is_a: UBERON:0004061  ! neural tube mantle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005884
name: hyoid arch skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of skeleton that subdivision_of a pharyngeal arch 2." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: it's not clear where AAO:'hyobranchial skeleton' belongs
synonym: "hyal@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001276]
synonym: "hyocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001276]
synonym: "hyoid arch" RELATED INCONSISTENT [TAO:0001276]
synonym: "hyoid arch skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0001276]
synonym: "hyoid bars" NARROW [TAO:0001276]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 2 skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0001276]
synonym: "visceral arch 2" RELATED INCONSISTENT [TAO:0001276]
xref: AAO:0000665
xref: AAO:0010370
xref: TAO:0001276
xref: XAO:0003177
xref: ZFA:0001276
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005886
name: post-hyoid pharyngeal arch skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of skeleton that subdivision_of a post-hyoid pharyngeal arch." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: XAO class belongs here, as it clearly refers to arches 3-7
synonym: "branchial arch skeleton" RELATED SENSU [XAO:0003180]
synonym: "gill arch 1-5 skeleton" EXACT [TAO:0000095]
synonym: "gill arch skeleton" RELATED [XAO:0003180]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0000095]
synonym: "visceral arch skeleton" RELATED [XAO:0003180]
xref: SCTID:346439007
xref: TAO:0000095
xref: XAO:0003180
xref: ZFA:0000095
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008896 ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0008896 ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0008896 ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: part_of anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal and cartilage elements of the gill arches; the last five of the set of seven pharyngeal arches; the numbering system can be confusing; generally branchial arch #1 is the first gill arch, or the third pharyngeal arch, but some authors do not follow this convention. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005889
name: zygote cortex
namespace: uberon
comment: Usage notes: candidate for obsoletion
synonym: "cortex" BROAD [AAO:0010327, XAO:0000216]
xref: AAO:0010327
xref: XAO:0000216
is_a: UBERON:0000470  ! cell part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005890
name: gonad germinal epithelium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "coelomic epithelium" RELATED [EMAPA:17384]
synonym: "germinal epithelium" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000706]
xref: BTO:0004524
xref: EMAPA:17384
xref: EV:0200046
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000706
xref: VHOG:0000629
is_a: UBERON:0004909  ! epithelium of gonad
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005891 ! coelomic epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005891
name: coelomic epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The epithelial lining of the surface of the coelom." [Wikipedia:Coelomic_epithelium, XAO:0000329]
comment: AO notes: EHDAA2:0004049 used to be called \"coelomic epithelium\" but is now \"gonadal ridge mesothelium\"
synonym: "celomic epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "germinal epithelium of Waldeyer" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coelomic_epithelium]
xref: XAO:0000329
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004871 ! somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011997 ! coelom

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005892
name: mesonephric early distal tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric equivalent of the ascending limb, or straight distal segment, of metanephric nephrons." [XB:curator]
synonym: "mesonephric ascending limb" RELATED [XAO:0000333]
synonym: "mesonephric straight distal segment" RELATED [XAO:0000333]
xref: AAO:0010391
xref: XAO:0000333
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005893
name: leg bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of the region of the hindlimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia. Counter-examples: any pes phalanx" [UBERON:cjm]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: MA:0000670
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500
is_a: UBERON:0003464  ! hindlimb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005894
name: locomotive weight-bearing appendage
namespace: uberon
def: "A leg is a limb on which an animal walks and stands (GO:0035110)." [GO:0035110, Wikipedia:Leg]
comment: Functional grouping, currently encompasses vertebrate and insect legs. This class was originally introduced to support GO:0035110, but this has been obsoleted.
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
synonym: "leg" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000026  ! appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005895
name: insect leg
namespace: uberon
def: "The walking appendages of each segment of the ventral adult external thorax[FBbt]. A leg derived from an imaginal disc[GO]." [FBbt:00004640, GO:0007480]
synonym: "imaginal disc-derived leg" EXACT [GO:0007480]
xref: FBbt:00004640
xref: MAT:0000095
xref: MIAA:0000095
xref: TGMA:0000164
is_a: UBERON:0005894  ! locomotive weight-bearing appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005896
name: jointed/prehensile appendage
namespace: uberon
def: "A jointed or prehensible appendage used for locomotion or manipulation. Examples: human arm, human leg, octopus tentacle, insect limb[Wikipedia]. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping. For example a leg, arm or some types of fin[GO]." [GO:0035108, Wikipedia:Limb_(anatomy)]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Usage notes: this class was originally introduced to account for the previously vague use of the term 'limb' in GO.
synonym: "extremitaet" RELATED [BTO:0001492]
synonym: "extremities" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "extremity" RELATED []
synonym: "limb" RELATED [AEO:0000172, BTO:0001492, GO:0035108]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005897
name: manus bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of the manus skeleton. Note that this includes the carpal bones." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "bone of hand" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of hand proper or wrist" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of hand skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of pectoral limb autopod" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of pectoral limb autopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "forelimb autopod bone" EXACT []
synonym: "forelimb autopodium bone" EXACT []
synonym: "hand bone" EXACT [MA:0000619]
xref: MA:0000619
xref: SCTID:426741001
is_a: UBERON:0008962  ! forelimb bone
is_a: UBERON:0011250  ! autopod bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: implements_design_pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005899
name: pes bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of the pes skeleton" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "bone of foor proper or tarsal skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of foot" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of pedal skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "foot bone" EXACT [MA:0000643]
xref: GAID:192
xref: MA:0000643
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.300
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5ridZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361371005
xref: UMLS:C0016505
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003464  ! hindlimb bone
is_a: UBERON:0011250  ! autopod bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
property_value: implements_design_pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005902
name: occipital region
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the cranium and forms the margin of the foramen magnum and occipital condyles." [TAO:0001414, UBERONREF:0000007]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "back of head" RELATED [FMA:49187]
synonym: "basicranial region" EXACT [ZFA:0001414]
synonym: "occipital part of head" EXACT [FMA:49187]
synonym: "occipital region of head" EXACT [FMA:49187]
xref: AAO:0010199
xref: FMA:49187
xref: SCTID:362618001
xref: TAO:0001414
xref: XAO:0003173
xref: ZFA:0001414
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium
property_value: external_definition "An anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the neurocranium and forms the margin of the foramen margin and occipital condyles.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the cranium and forms the margin of the foramen magnum and occiptal condyle.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005903
name: duct of seminal vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Each seminal vesicle consists of a single tube, coiled upon itself, and giving off several irregular cecal diverticula; the separate coils, as well as the diverticula, are connected together by fibrous tissue. When uncoiled, the tube is about the diameter of a quill, and varies in length from 10 to 15 cm.; it ends posteriorly in a cul-de-sac; its anterior extremity becomes constricted into a narrow straight duct called the excretory duct of seminal gland (or duct of the seminal vesicle), which joins with the corresponding ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct[WP]." [Wikipedia:Excretory_duct_of_seminal_gland]
synonym: "ductus excretorius (vesicula seminalis)" EXACT [FMA:19473]
synonym: "ductus excretorius glandulae vesiculosae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19473, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Excretory_duct_of_seminal_gland]
synonym: "excretory duct of seminal gland" EXACT [FMA:19473]
synonym: "seminal vesicle duct" EXACT [FMA:19473]
xref: EMAPA:29282
xref: FMA:19473
xref: SCTID:279675008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray1160.png
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005904  ! duct of male reproductive system
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0010143 ! seminal vesicle fluid
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005904
name: duct of male reproductive system
namespace: uberon
def: "A duct that is part of a male reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: groups the individual ducts in a variety of species
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005906
name: serous sac
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa.[FMA]" [FMA:9689]
comment: See notes for serous membrane
xref: FMA:9689
xref: SCTID:362890006
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005908
name: conjunctival sac
namespace: uberon
def: "Serous sac, which has as parts the conjunctiva and the cavity of conjunctiva. Examples: There are only two conjunctival sacs, the right and the left.[FMA]" [FMA:20291]
xref: EMAPA:18233
xref: FMA:20291
xref: SCTID:362531001
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005906  ! serous sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005910
name: transitional epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Multilaminar epithelium, which of consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells, in contact with a basement membrane, that can undergo distention and contraction without losing its integrity and consistency. Examples: urothelium.[FMA]" [FMA:63914, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Transitional_epithelium]
comment: see comments for urothelium
synonym: "epithelium transitionale" EXACT [FMA:63914]
synonym: "urothelium" NARROW [EMAPA:28089, Wikipedia:Transitional_epithelium]
xref: BTO:0003906
xref: FMA:63914
xref: MESH:A10.272.850
xref: SCTID:30117005
xref: UMLS:C0225339
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Harnblase_Urothel.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Transitional_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000486  ! multilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005911
name: endo-epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium that derives from the endoderm. Examples: urothelium, transitional epithelium of ureter, epithelium of prostatic gland.[FMA]" [FMA:69065]
xref: FMA:69065
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005912
name: transitional epithelium of major calyx
namespace: uberon
def: "An urothelium of ureter that is part of a mucosa of major calyx." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urothelium of major calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:263266
is_a: UBERON:0003350  ! epithelium of mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004788  ! kidney pelvis urothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005007 ! mucosa of major calyx
intersection_of: UBERON:0001254  ! urothelium of ureter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005007 ! mucosa of major calyx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005913
name: zone of bone organ
namespace: uberon
synonym: "bone organ zone" EXACT [FMA:10483]
xref: FMA:10483
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005919
name: supreme nasal concha
namespace: uberon
def: "a thin bony plate occasionally found projecting from the inner wall of the ethmoid labyrinth, above the bony superior nasal concha, and the mucous membrane covering the plate." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/supreme+nasal+concha]
synonym: "concha nasi suprema" EXACT LATIN [FMA:57457, FMA:TA]
synonym: "highest nasal concha" EXACT [FMA:57457]
synonym: "supreme nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57457]
synonym: "supreme turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57457]
xref: FMA:57457
xref: SCTID:361935003
is_a: UBERON:0003973  ! nasal concha of ethmoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005920
name: superior nasal concha
namespace: uberon
def: "The back part of the medial surface of the labyrinth of ethmoid is subdivided by a narrow oblique fissure, the superior meatus of the nose, bounded above by a thin, curved plate, the superior nasal concha. The bone found in superior nasal concha is part of the ethmoid bone." [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_concha]
synonym: "superior concha" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_concha]
synonym: "superior nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57458]
synonym: "superior turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57458]
xref: FMA:57458
xref: SCTID:361934004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray151.png
is_a: UBERON:0003973  ! nasal concha of ethmoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005921
name: middle nasal concha
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial surface of the labyrinth of ethmoid consists of a thin lamella, which descends from the under surface of the cribriform plate, and ends below in a free, convoluted margin, the middle nasal concha. It is rough, and marked above by numerous grooves, directed nearly vertically downward from the cribriform plate; they lodge branches of the olfactory nerves, which are distributed to the mucous membrane covering the superior nasal concha." [Wikipedia:Middle_nasal_concha]
synonym: "middle concha" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_nasal_concha]
synonym: "middle nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57459]
synonym: "middle turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57459]
xref: FMA:57459
xref: SCTID:361933005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray151.png
is_a: UBERON:0003973  ! nasal concha of ethmoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005922
name: inferior nasal concha
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior nasal concha (Inferior Turbinated Bone) is one of the turbinates in the nose. It extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal cavity [Fig. 1] and consists of a of spongy bone, curled upon itself like a scroll. Each inferior nasal concha is considered a facial pair of bones since they arise from the maxillae bones and projects horizontally into the nasal cavity. They are also termed 'inferior nasal turbinates' because they function similar to that of a turbine. As the air passes through the turbinates, the air is churned against these mucosa-lined bones in order to receive warmth, moisture and cleansing. Superior to inferior nasal concha are the middle nasal concha and superior nasal concha which arise from the cranial portion of the skull. Hence, these two are considered as a part of the cranial bones. It has two surfaces, two borders, and two extremities." [Wikipedia:Inferior_nasal_concha]
comment: note that in FMA this is not classified with the other turbinates. In Uberon we subdivide the turbinates into the ethmoturbinates and the inferior turbinate. TODO: check ethmoidal process of inferior nasal concha
synonym: "concha nasi inferior, concha nasalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_nasal_concha]
synonym: "inferior concha" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_nasal_concha]
synonym: "inferior nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54736]
synonym: "inferior nasal turbinate bone" EXACT []
synonym: "inferior turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54736]
synonym: "inferior turbinated" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_nasal_concha]
xref: FMA:54736
xref: SCTID:361932000
xref: SCTID:362882006
xref: UMLS:C0225434
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Gray192.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Turbinate
is_a: UBERON:0001762  ! nasal concha
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006332 ! nasal capsule
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005925
name: ethmoidal process of inferior nasal concha
namespace: uberon
def: "Behind the lacrimal process of the inferior nasal conchae lies a broad, thin plate, the ethmoidal process, which ascends to join the uncinate process of the ethmoid; from its lower border a thin lamina, the maxillary process, curves downward and lateralward; it articulates with the maxilla and forms a part of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus." [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_boneal_process_of_inferior_nasal_concha]
synonym: "ethmoidal process of inferior concha" EXACT [FMA:54742]
synonym: "ethmoidal process of inferior nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54742]
synonym: "ethmoidal process of inferior turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54742]
synonym: "processus ethmoidalis (concha nasalis inferior)" EXACT [FMA:54742]
synonym: "processus ethmoidalis conchae nasalis inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54742, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Ethmoidal_process_of_inferior_nasal_concha]
xref: FMA:54742
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005922 ! inferior nasal concha

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005928
name: external naris
namespace: uberon
def: "Surface structure that provides one of the small external openings of the head that give passage to air for breathing." [OMD:nostril, Wikipedia:Nostril]
comment: Fish have two pairs of external nostrils.
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior nares" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000544]
synonym: "anterior naris" RELATED [ZFA:0001427]
synonym: "blowhole" NARROW [Wikipedia:Blowhole_(anatomy)]
synonym: "external nares" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "naris" BROAD [ZFA:0000550]
synonym: "nostril" EXACT [FMA:59645, XAO:0003033]
xref: AAO:0000024
xref: AAO:0000983
xref: AAO:0010358
xref: EHDAA2:0001275
xref: EHDAA:9085
xref: EMAPA:17848
xref: FMA:59645
xref: MA:0001320
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:276165005
xref: TAO:0000550
xref: UMLS:C0595944
xref: VHOG:0000544
xref: XAO:0003033
xref: ZFA:0000550
xref: ncithesaurus:Nostril
is_a: UBERON:0000003  ! naris
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass nasal opening (AAO:0000316)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Hole on the nasal capsule that connects the nasal cavity with the exterior.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In a tetrapod, the nasal sac has an external naris (homologous with the anterior naris of the fish) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005931
name: primary choana
namespace: uberon
def: "initial opening of the nasal pits and olfactory sac of the embryo into the rostral part of the primordial oronasal cavity, before the formation of the secondary palate." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/primary-choana.html]
comment: TODO - check. MA says part_of external naris.
xref: EHDAA:9087
xref: EMAPA:17851
xref: MA:0001322
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005928 ! external naris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005944
name: axial skeleton plus cranial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton which consists of cranial skeleton, set of all vertebrae, set of all ribs and sternum[FMA, modified]." [FMA:71221, UBERONREF:0000008, VSAO:0000056, Wikipedia:Axial_skeleton]
comment: See [UBERONREF:0000008]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "skeleton axiale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axial_skeleton]
xref: AAO:0000963
xref: EMAPA:17214
xref: EMAPA:18043
xref: MA:0000308
xref: SCTID:361725000
xref: UMLS:C0222645
xref: VSAO:0000056
xref: XAO:0004011
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Axial_skeleton_diagram.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Axial_Skeleton
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004288 ! skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011137 ! axial skeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including the cranium, vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005945
name: neurocranial trabecula
namespace: uberon
synonym: "neurocranial trabeculae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001321]
synonym: "trabecula" BROAD SENSU [ZFA:0001321]
synonym: "trabecular cartilage" BROAD [ZFA:0001321]
xref: EFO:0003677
xref: TAO:0001321
xref: ZFA:0001321
is_a: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003112 ! olfactory region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005946
name: outflow tract of atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "An outflow tract that is part of a cardiac atrium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outflow part of atrium" EXACT [FMA:14141]
xref: FMA:14141
is_a: UBERON:0004145  ! outflow tract
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0004145  ! outflow tract
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005953
name: outflow part of right ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Outflow part of ventricle which is continuous with the pulmonary trunk[FNA]. The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is an infundibular extension of the ventricular cavity which connects to the pulmonary artery[WP]." [FMA:7216]
synonym: "RVOT" EXACT []
synonym: "conus arteriosus (infundibulum)" EXACT [FMA:7216]
synonym: "infundibulum" BROAD [Wikipedia:Conus_arteriosus]
synonym: "infundibulum of right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:7216]
synonym: "outflow tract of right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:7216]
synonym: "pulmonary conus" EXACT [FMA:7216]
synonym: "right ventricular outflow tract" EXACT []
xref: FMA:7216
xref: SCTID:244379003
xref: UMLS:C1881209
xref: ncithesaurus:Infundibulum
is_a: UBERON:0005337  ! outflow tract of ventricle
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009889 ! secondary heart field
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005337  ! outflow tract of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005956
name: outflow part of left ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Outflow part of ventricle which is continuous with the aorta[FMA]. The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), which connects to the aorta, is nearly indistinguishable from the rest of the ventricle[WP]." [FMA:9473]
synonym: "LVOT" EXACT []
synonym: "aortic vestibule" EXACT [FMA:9473]
synonym: "left ventricular outflow" EXACT [FMA:9473]
synonym: "left ventricular outflow tract" EXACT [HP:0011103]
synonym: "outflow tract of left ventricle" EXACT [FMA:9473]
synonym: "vestibulum aortae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9473, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:9473
xref: SCTID:264070001
is_a: UBERON:0005337  ! outflow tract of ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005337  ! outflow tract of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005965
name: outflow part of right atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "Outflow part of atrium which consists of wall and cavity of the outflow part of right atrium and the tricuspid valve.[FMA]" [FMA:9550, FMA:FMA]
synonym: "main part of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:9550]
synonym: "outflow tract of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:9550]
xref: FMA:9550
is_a: UBERON:0005946  ! outflow tract of atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005946  ! outflow tract of atrium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005966
name: outflow part of left atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "An outflow tract of atrium that is part of a left atrium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "main part of left atrium" EXACT [FMA:9551]
synonym: "outflow tract of left atrium" EXACT [FMA:9551]
xref: FMA:9551
is_a: UBERON:0005946  ! outflow tract of atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005946  ! outflow tract of atrium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005967
name: conotruncal ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the pair of spiral mesenchymal swellings in the primordial ventricular outflow tract, that eventually fuse to form the conotruncal septum, dividing the subvalvular outflow tract and contributing to the membranous interventricular septum[MP]" [MP:0010585, PMID:8823298]
synonym: "aortico-pulmonary spiral ridges" EXACT [MP:0010585]
synonym: "bulbar ridge" EXACT [MP:0010585]
synonym: "conotruncal cushion" EXACT [MP:0010585]
synonym: "endocardial ridge" EXACT [MP:0010585]
synonym: "outflow tract cushion" EXACT [MP:0010585]
synonym: "outflow tract endocardial cushion" EXACT [MP:0010585]
synonym: "spiral ridge" RELATED [VHOG:0001385]
xref: EHDAA:1914
xref: EMAPA:17332
xref: EMAPA:17867
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000194
xref: VHOG:0001385
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0009751  ! cardiac mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005337 ! outflow tract of ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005969
name: reticulum trabeculare
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004028
def: "a fenestrated endothelial-like tissue situated at the intersection of the cornea and the iris[GO]. The trabecular meshwork is an area of tissue in the eye located around the base of the cornea, near the ciliary body, and is responsible for draining the aqueous humor from the eye via the anterior chamber (the chamber on the front of the eye covered by the cornea). The tissue is spongy and lined by trabeculocytes; it allows fluid to drain into a set of tubes called Schlemm's canal flowing into the blood system[WP]. A porelike structure surrounding the entire circumference of the anterior chamber through which aqueous humor circulates to the canal of Schlemm.[GAID] the pore-like structure surrounding the entire circumference of the anterior chamber through which aqueous humor circulates[MP]." [GO:0002930, MP:0005203, Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
comment: TODO check syns - ligaments
synonym: "Hueck's ligament" RELATED [BTO:0001605]
synonym: "cribiform ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "iridis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "ligamentum peactin-tum iridis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "ligamentum pectinatum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "ligamentum pectinatum anguli iridocornealis" RELATED [BTO:0001605]
synonym: "ligamentum pectinatum iridis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "pectinate ligament" RELATED [BTO:0001605]
synonym: "pectinate ligament of iris" RELATED [BTO:0001605]
synonym: "reticulum trabeculare sclerae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "scleral trabeculae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "scleral trabecular" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "scleral trabecule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "scribiform ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "trabecular mesh" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
synonym: "trabecular meshwork" RELATED [BTO:0001605, GO:0002930]
synonym: "trabecular meshwork of the eye" EXACT [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork]
xref: BTO:0001605
xref: EFO:0003077
xref: EV:0100352
xref: GAID:897
xref: MESH:A09.371.060.932
xref: SCTID:280694002
xref: UMLS:C0040573
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Gray870.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Trabecular_Meshwork
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0006206 ! iridocorneal angle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003956 ! aqueous drainage system
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001766 ! anterior chamber of eyeball
disjoint_from: UBERON:0006205  ! pectineal ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005970
name: brain commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "A commissure that is part of a brain." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain
relationship: in_median_plane_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
property_value: external_definition "any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain[MP]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005971
name: amniotic fold
namespace: uberon
def: "A sheet of somatopleure that grows upward over the embryo and eventually meets in the midline enclosing the embryo, eventually giving rise to the amnion and chorion[Kardong]." [ISBN10:0073040584]
xref: EMAPA:16076
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004874 ! somatopleure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005972
name: tunnel of Corti
namespace: uberon
def: "A triangular, fluid-filled space normally found between the inner and outer rows of supporting pillar cells in the organ of Corti." [MP:0003151]
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002227 ! spiral organ of cochlea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005973
name: blood-inner ear barrier
namespace: uberon
def: "the function of the group of barriers and transport systems which regulate the transport of various substances from blood to inner ear tissue and maintain the microhomeostasis and functional integrity of the inner ear; the endothelial cells of the inner ear blood capillaries, linked to each other by tight junctions, represent the main component of the blood-inner ear barrier" [MP:0004999]
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0006937  ! inner ear epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005976
name: ansiform lobule crus I
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0010002]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "crus II of the ansiform lobule (HVII)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209]
synonym: "crus primum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli [h vii a]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72524, FMA:TA]
synonym: "first crus of ansiform lobule of cerebellum [h vii a]" EXACT [FMA:72524]
synonym: "hemispheric lobule viibi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209]
synonym: "lobulus ansiform crus II" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209]
synonym: "lobulus semilunaris inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209]
synonym: "lobulus semilunaris superior cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72524, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior superior lobule" EXACT [FMA:72524]
synonym: "semilunar lobule-2 (superior)" EXACT [FMA:72524]
synonym: "superior semilunar lobule" EXACT [FMA:72524]
synonym: "superior semilunar lobule " EXACT [FMA:72524]
synonym: "superior semilunar lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72524]
xref: ABA:ANcr1
xref: FMA:72524
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209
is_a: UBERON:0005348  ! ansiform lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005977
name: ansiform lobule crus II
namespace: uberon
def: "." [MP:0010003]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "crus I of the ansiform lobule (HVII)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208]
synonym: "crus secundum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli [h vii a" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72525, FMA:TA]
synonym: "hemispheric lobule viia" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208]
synonym: "inferior semilunar lobule" EXACT [FMA:72525]
synonym: "inferior semilunar lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72525]
synonym: "lobulus ansiform crus I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208]
synonym: "lobulus semilunaris inferior cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72525, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lobulus semilunaris superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208]
synonym: "posterior inferior lobule" EXACT [FMA:72525]
synonym: "second crus of ansiform lobule of cerebellum [h vii a]" EXACT [FMA:72525]
synonym: "semilunar lobule-2 (inferior)" EXACT [FMA:72525]
xref: ABA:ANcr2
xref: FMA:72525
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208
is_a: UBERON:0005348  ! ansiform lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005978
name: olfactory bulb outer nerve layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the outermost layer of the olfactory bulb; consists primarily of olfactory afferent axons and ensheathing glia" [MP:0010057]
is_a: UBERON:0004001  ! olfactory bulb layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005979
name: crista terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "the vertical crest of the interior wall of the right atrium that lies to the right of the sinus of the vena cava and separates this from the remainder of the right atrium" [MP:0010495]
synonym: "crista terminalis atrii dextri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9236, FMA:TA]
synonym: "crista terminalis cordis" EXACT [FMA:9236]
synonym: "crista terminalis of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:9236]
xref: FMA:9236
xref: SCTID:277693004
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005980
name: pectinate muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "the prominent ridges of atrial myocardium located on the inner surface of most of the right atrium and both the right and left auricular regions[MP]." [MP:0010496, Wikipedia:Musculi_pectinati]
synonym: "musculi pectinati" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Musculi_pectinati]
synonym: "musculi pectinati atrii dextri, musculi pectinati atrii sinistri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Musculi_pectinati]
synonym: "musculus pectinatus" EXACT [FMA:12226]
xref: FMA:12226
xref: SCTID:277718001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray498.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002302 ! myocardium of atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005981
name: vena cava sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "the portion of the cavity of the right atrium of the heart that receives the blood from the vena cavae and is separated from the rest of the atrium by the crista terminalis" [MP:0010497]
synonym: "cavity of inflow part of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:13246]
synonym: "posterior right atrial cavity" EXACT [FMA:13246]
synonym: "sinus venarum cavarum" EXACT [FMA:13246]
xref: FMA:13246
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005982
name: Bachmann's bundle
namespace: uberon
def: "the impulse conduction tract that originates in the sinoatrial node and transmits signal to the left atrium" [MP:0010517, Wikipedia:Bachmann's_bundle]
synonym: "anterior interatrial band" EXACT [UBERON:gg]
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png/350px-ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005983
name: heart layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the laminar structure of the heart" [MP:0010545]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005984
name: subendocardium layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the layer of loose fibrous tissue located between the endocardium and myocardium which contains the nerves and the impulse-conducting system (Purkinje fibers) of the heart" [MP:0010546]
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005985
name: coronary vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation" [MP:0010551]
comment: TODO - change relation from part_of
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.269
is_a: UBERON:0000055  ! vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0000055  ! vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005986
name: left branch of atrioventricular bundle
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of conducting system of heart which enters the septal myocardium of left ventricle and is continuous with the anterior, septal and posterior divisions of the left branch of the atrioventricular bundle[FMA]. the left branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates at the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the left ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fiber[MP]." [FMA:9487, MP:0010566]
synonym: "crus sinistrum (fasciculi atrioventricularis)" EXACT [FMA:9487]
synonym: "left bundle branch" EXACT [MP:0010566]
synonym: "left bundle branch of bundle of His" EXACT [HP:0005172]
synonym: "left bundle of atrioventricular bundle" EXACT [MP:0010566]
synonym: "left crus of atrioventricular bundle" EXACT [MP:0010566]
synonym: "left posterior branch" EXACT [MP:0010566]
synonym: "left posterior bundle" EXACT [MP:0010566]
xref: FMA:9487
xref: SCTID:277690001
xref: galen:LeftBundleBranch
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002353 ! atrioventricular bundle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005987
name: right branch of atrioventricular bundle
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of conducting system of heart which enters the septal myocardium of right ventricle  to reach the anterior papillary muscle and then subendocardially to the apex of the heart[FMA]. the right branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates just below the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the right ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fibers[MP]." [FMA:9486, MP:0010567]
synonym: "crus dextrum (fasciculi atrioventricularis)" EXACT [FMA:9486]
synonym: "right bundle" EXACT [FMA:9486, MP:0010567]
synonym: "right bundle branch" EXACT [FMA:9486]
synonym: "right bundle branch of bundle of His" EXACT []
synonym: "right right crus of atrioventricular bundle" EXACT [MP:0010567]
synonym: "right ventricular bundle" EXACT [MP:0010567]
xref: FMA:9486
xref: SCTID:277689005
xref: galen:RightBundleBranch
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002353 ! atrioventricular bundle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005988
name: atrium myocardial trabecula
namespace: uberon
def: "the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the atria" [MP:0010581]
synonym: "atrial trabecula" EXACT []
synonym: "atrium myocardial trabeculae" EXACT PLURAL [MP:0010581]
synonym: "trabecula of atrium" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002302 ! myocardium of atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005989
name: atrioventricular septum
namespace: uberon
def: "the wall of the heart that separates the right atrium and left ventricle; and is located just above the septal cusp of the tricuspid valve" [MP:0010592]
synonym: "membranous atrioventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7136]
xref: FMA:7136
xref: SCTID:280151006
is_a: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 ! endocardial cushion
intersection_of: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005990
name: aortic valve cusp
namespace: uberon
def: "the three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the aortic valve" [MP:0010595]
synonym: "aortic semilunar valvule" EXACT [FMA:7251]
synonym: "aortic valvular cusp" EXACT [FMA:7251]
synonym: "cusp of aortic valve" EXACT [FMA:7251]
synonym: "semilunar valvule of aortic valve" EXACT [FMA:7251]
xref: FMA:7251
xref: SCTID:362026005
is_a: UBERON:0006009  ! cusp of cardiac valve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005991
name: aortic valve anulus
namespace: uberon
def: "the fibrous ring of the aortic valve that attaches the cusps of aortic valve to the wall of left ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the posterior, right anterior and left anterior cusps" [MP:0010598]
synonym: "anulus of aortic valve" EXACT [FMA:9502]
synonym: "aortic anulus" EXACT [FMA:9502]
synonym: "aortic valvar anulus" EXACT [FMA:9502]
synonym: "fibrous ring of aortic valve" EXACT [FMA:9502]
xref: FMA:9502
is_a: UBERON:0006008  ! fibrous ring of heart
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005992
name: pulmonary valve cusp
namespace: uberon
def: "the three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the pulmonary valve" [MP:0010602]
synonym: "cusp of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:7248]
synonym: "pulmonary semilunar valvule" EXACT [FMA:7248]
synonym: "pulmonary valvular cusp" EXACT [FMA:7248]
synonym: "semilunar cusp of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:7248]
synonym: "semilunar valvule of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:7248]
xref: FMA:7248
is_a: UBERON:0006009  ! cusp of cardiac valve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005993
name: pulmonary valve anulus
namespace: uberon
def: "the fibrous ring of the pulmonary valve that attaches the cusps of pulmonary valve to the wall of right ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps" [MP:0010606]
synonym: "anulus of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:9503]
synonym: "fibrous ring of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:9503]
synonym: "pulmonary anulus" EXACT [FMA:9503]
synonym: "pulmonary valvar anulus" EXACT [FMA:9503]
xref: FMA:9503
is_a: UBERON:0006008  ! fibrous ring of heart
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005994
name: chordae tendineae
namespace: uberon
def: "the tendinous strands that connect the papillary muscles on the wall of the ventricles to the leaflets of the atrioventricular valves; the chordae tendineae serve to prevent the AV valves from prolapsing back into the atria" [MP:0010608, Wikipedia:Chordae_tendineae]
synonym: "chorda tendinea" EXACT [FMA:12225]
synonym: "chordae tendineae cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Chordae_tendineae]
xref: FMA:12225
xref: GAID:564
xref: MESH:A07.541.510.240
xref: SCTID:279330004
xref: UMLS:C0008484
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray493.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Chordae_Tendineae
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002133 ! atrioventricular valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005995
name: mitral valve anulus
namespace: uberon
def: "the fibrous ring of the mitral valve that attaches the cusps of mitral valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior and posterior cusps" [MP:0010613]
synonym: "anulus of mitral valve" EXACT [FMA:9498]
synonym: "fibrous ring of mitral valve" EXACT [FMA:9498]
synonym: "mitral anulus" EXACT [FMA:9498]
synonym: "mitral valvar anulus" EXACT [FMA:9498]
xref: FMA:9498
is_a: UBERON:0006008  ! fibrous ring of heart
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005996
name: mitral valve cusp
namespace: uberon
def: "the two fibrous components and associated flaps of the mitral valve" [MP:0010614]
comment: TODO - add generic parent
is_a: UBERON:0006009  ! cusp of cardiac valve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005997
name: tricuspid valve anulus
namespace: uberon
def: "the fibrous ring of the tricuspid valve that attaches the cusps of tricuspid valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior cusp (infundibular cusp), the posterior cusp (marginal cusp), and the septal cusp (medial cusp)" [MP:0010621]
synonym: "anulus of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:9500]
synonym: "fibrous ring of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:9500]
synonym: "tricuspid anulus" EXACT [FMA:9500]
synonym: "tricuspid valvar anulus" EXACT [FMA:9500]
xref: FMA:9500
is_a: UBERON:0006008  ! fibrous ring of heart
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002134 ! tricuspid valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0005998
name: tricuspid valve cusp
namespace: uberon
def: "the three fibrous triangular components and associated flaps of the tricuspid valve" [MP:0010622]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "cuspis septalis valvae atrioventricularis dextrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7240, FMA:TA]
synonym: "septal cusp of right atrioventricular valve" EXACT [FMA:7240]
synonym: "septal cusp of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:7240]
synonym: "septal leaflet of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:7240]
synonym: "septal tricuspid leaflet" EXACT [FMA:7240]
xref: FMA:7240
xref: SCTID:261417002
is_a: UBERON:0005484  ! tricuspid valve leaflet
is_a: UBERON:0006009  ! cusp of cardiac valve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002134 ! tricuspid valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006001
name: intersomitic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "the small branching sprouts of the dorsal aorta that grow across the medial surface of the somite, turn right angles to grow over that surface and then fuse with other sprouts and form the vertebral arteries adjacent to the neural tube; the intersomitic arteries supply the body wall and persist in the adult as the posterior intercostal, subcostal and the lumbar arteries" [MP:0010662]
xref: XAO:0004165
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006002
name: vitelline artery
namespace: uberon
def: "the paired arteries that carry blood to the yolk sac / gut tube from the dorsal aorta; the vitelline arteries give rise to the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery in the adult" [MP:0010664, Wikipedia:Vitelline_arteries]
xref: EHDAA2:0002208
xref: EMAPA:16207
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray31.png
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006003
name: skin adnexa
namespace: uberon
def: "the tissue or structures associated with or embedded in the skin such as hair and hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands and claws or nails" [MP:0010678, Wikipedia:Skin_appendage, http://code.google.com/p/caro2/issues/detail?id=5]
comment: editor note - add subclasses based on resolution of CARO tracker item. Also check: adnexal gland
synonym: "adnexae cutis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Skin_appendage]
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006006
name: metoptic pilar
namespace: uberon
def: "posterior border of the optic nerve foramen." [MP:0010705]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005745 ! optic canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006008
name: fibrous ring of heart
namespace: uberon
def: "The right and left fibrous rings of heart (anulus fibrosus cordis) surround the atrioventricular and arterial orifices, and are stronger upon the left than on the right side of the heart. The right fibrous ring is known as the anulus fibrosus dexter cordis, and the left is known as the anulus fibrosus sinister cordis. The atrioventricular rings serve for the attachment of the muscular fibers of the atria and ventricles, and for the attachment of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves. The left atrioventricular ring is closely connected, by its right margin, with the aortic arterial ring; between these and the right atrioventricular ring is a triangular mass of fibrous tissue, the trigonum fibrosum, which represents the os cordis seen in the heart of some of the larger animals, as the ox and elephant. Lastly, there is the tendinous band, already referred to, the posterior surface of the conus arteriosus. The fibrous rings surrounding the arterial orifices serve for the attachment of the great vessels and semilunar valves, they are known as The aortic annulus. Each ring receives, by its ventricular margin, the attachment of some of the muscular fibers of the ventricles; its opposite margin presents three deep semicircular notches, to which the middle coat of the artery is firmly fixed. The attachment of the artery to its fibrous ring is strengthened by the external coat and serous membrane externally, and by the endocardium internally. From the margins of the semicircular notches the fibrous structure of the ring is continued into the segments of the valves. The middle coat of the artery in this situation is thin, and the vessel is dilated to form the sinuses of the aorta and pulmonary artery." [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart]
comment: todo - compare with ZFA atrioventricular ring, part of the conduction system
synonym: "Lower's ring" RELATED [BTO:0003628]
synonym: "annulus fibrosus cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart]
synonym: "anulus fibrosus cordis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart]
synonym: "anulus fibrosus of heart" EXACT [FMA:9497]
synonym: "aortic annulus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart]
synonym: "atrioventricular ring" RELATED [BTO:0003628]
synonym: "coronary tendon" RELATED [BTO:0003628]
synonym: "fibrous ring of heart" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart]
xref: BTO:0003628
xref: FMA:9497
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006444  ! annulus fibrosus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0006444  ! annulus fibrosus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006009
name: cusp of cardiac valve
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ component which has as its parts the cusp proper, lunule and nodule of semilunar valvule[FMA]. The cusps of the heart valves serve to seal the heart valves when closed. There are three cusps for each valve except for the mitral valve, which has only two (hence its alternate name, \"bicuspid valve\"). \"Nodules\" are located at the tip of the valve, to form a tighter seal[WP]." [FMA:7232, Wikipedia:Cusps_of_heart_valves]
synonym: "cardiac valve cusp" EXACT [FMA:7232]
synonym: "cardiac valvular cusp" EXACT [FMA:7232]
synonym: "cardiac valvule" EXACT [FMA:7232]
synonym: "cardial valve cusp" EXACT []
synonym: "semilunar valvule" EXACT [FMA:7232]
xref: FMA:7232
xref: SCTID:30822008
xref: UMLS:C0225923
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Gray495.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Valve_Cusp
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000946 ! cardial valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006010
name: hyaloid canal
namespace: uberon
def: "Hyaloid canal is a small transparent canal running through the vitreous body from the optical nerve disc to the lens; in foetus it contains a prolongation of the central artery of the retina, the hyaloid artery. Other names: Cloquet's canal, Stilling's canal. The function of the canal is to provide an adjustable reservoir of mobile liquid which may be easily and rapidly displaced backwards in positive accommodation, forwards in negative accommodation[WP]. a passage running from in front of the optic disk to the lens of the eye; in the fetus, it transmits the hyaloid artery[TFD]." [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_canal, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hyaloid+canal]
comment: in FMA, this is_a FMA:67388 portion of vitreous humor
synonym: "Cloquet's canal" EXACT [FMA:58837]
synonym: "Stilling's canal" EXACT [FMA:58837]
synonym: "canal of Cloquet" EXACT [FMA:58837]
xref: FMA:58837
xref: SCTID:362506002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Gray869.png
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002270 ! hyaloid artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001798 ! vitreous body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006011
name: hyaloid vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hyaloid veins" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005047]
xref: EHDAA2:0000791
xref: TAO:0005047
xref: XAO:0004156
xref: ZFA:0005047
is_a: UBERON:0005492  ! hyaloid vessel
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011191 ! ophthalmic vein
property_value: external_definition "Vein internal to the eye. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006012
name: interdigital region
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: MA and EMAPA mapping from TH
synonym: "interdigit" RELATED [BTO:0004670]
synonym: "interdigit region" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0004670
xref: EMAPA:32618
xref: MA:0003012
is_a: UBERON:0010858  ! inter limb-segment region
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002544 {cardinality="2"} ! digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006013
name: interdigital region between manual digits
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand interdigit region" EXACT [MA:0000627]
synonym: "hand interdigital region" EXACT [VHOG:0000991]
synonym: "interdigital region of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "manual interdigital region" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000627
xref: VHOG:0000991
is_a: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002389 {cardinality="2"} ! manual digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006014
name: interdigital region between pedal digits
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot interdigit region" EXACT [MA:0000651]
synonym: "foot interdigital region" EXACT [VHOG:0000992]
synonym: "interdigit region of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "pedal interdigit region" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000651
xref: VHOG:0000992
is_a: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001466 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006015
name: webbed interdigital region
namespace: uberon
def: "Interdigital webbing is the presence of membranes of skin between the digits. Normally in mammals, webbing is present in the embryo but resorbed later in development, but in various mammal species it occasionally persists in adulthood.[1] In humans, it can be found in those suffering from LEOPARD syndrome and from Aarskog-Scott syndrome. Webbing between the digits of the hindfoot is also present in several mammals that spend part of their time in the water.[3] Webbing accommodates movement in the water[WP]." [Wikipedia:Interdigital_webbing]
synonym: "interdigital webbing" EXACT []
synonym: "syndactylous interdigital region" EXACT []
synonym: "web" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008440 ! webbed autopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006016
name: interdigital region between digits 1 and 2
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a digit 1 and adjacent_to a digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006048 ! digit 1
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006048 ! digit 1
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006019
name: interdigital region between digits 2 and 3
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a digit 2 and adjacent_to a digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006022
name: interdigital region between digits 3 and 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a digit 3 and adjacent_to a digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006025
name: interdigital region between digits 4 and 5
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a digit 4 and adjacent_to a digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006052 ! digit 5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006052 ! digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006026
name: interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a manual digit 1 and adjacent_to a manual digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000844
xref: EHDAA:6298
xref: EMAPA:17445
is_a: UBERON:0006013  ! interdigital region between manual digits
is_a: UBERON:0006016  ! interdigital region between digits 1 and 2
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006029
name: interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a manual digit 2 and adjacent_to a manual digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000847
xref: EHDAA:6304
xref: EMAPA:17448
is_a: UBERON:0006013  ! interdigital region between manual digits
is_a: UBERON:0006019  ! interdigital region between digits 2 and 3
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006032
name: interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a manual digit 3 and adjacent_to a manual digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000850
xref: EHDAA:6310
xref: EMAPA:17451
is_a: UBERON:0006013  ! interdigital region between manual digits
is_a: UBERON:0006022  ! interdigital region between digits 3 and 4
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006035
name: interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a manual digit 4 and adjacent_to a manual digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000853
xref: EHDAA:6316
xref: EMAPA:17454
is_a: UBERON:0006013  ! interdigital region between manual digits
is_a: UBERON:0006025  ! interdigital region between digits 4 and 5
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006038
name: interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a pedal digit 1 and adjacent_to a pedal digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000856
xref: EHDAA:6148
xref: EMAPA:17476
is_a: UBERON:0006014  ! interdigital region between pedal digits
is_a: UBERON:0006016  ! interdigital region between digits 1 and 2
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006041
name: interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a pedal digit 2 and adjacent_to a pedal digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000859
xref: EHDAA:6154
xref: EMAPA:17479
is_a: UBERON:0006014  ! interdigital region between pedal digits
is_a: UBERON:0006019  ! interdigital region between digits 2 and 3
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006044
name: interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a pedal digit 3 and adjacent_to a pedal digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000862
xref: EHDAA:6160
xref: EMAPA:17482
is_a: UBERON:0006014  ! interdigital region between pedal digits
is_a: UBERON:0006022  ! interdigital region between digits 3 and 4
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006047
name: interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that adjacent_to a pedal digit 4 and adjacent_to a pedal digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000865
xref: EHDAA:6166
xref: EMAPA:17485
is_a: UBERON:0006014  ! interdigital region between pedal digits
is_a: UBERON:0006025  ! interdigital region between digits 4 and 5
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006048
name: digit 1
namespace: uberon
synonym: "autopod digit 1" EXACT []
synonym: "dewclaw" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Dewclaw]
synonym: "limb digit 1" EXACT [MA:00003023]
xref: MA:00003023
is_a: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
property_value: ray_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006049
name: digit 2
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
property_value: ray_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006050
name: digit 3
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
property_value: ray_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006051
name: digit 4
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
property_value: ray_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006052
name: digit 5
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
property_value: ray_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006054
name: surface of occiput
namespace: uberon
def: "The occiput is the anatomical term for the posterior (back) portion of the head." [Wikipedia:Occiput]
synonym: "occiput" RELATED [FMA:46479]
synonym: "occiput cranii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occiput]
synonym: "occiput surface" EXACT [FMA:46479]
synonym: "regio occipitalis (capitis)" EXACT [FMA:46479]
xref: FMA:46479
xref: galen:Occiput
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Double_cowlick.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0006056  ! posterior surface of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006056
name: posterior surface of head
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006057
name: obsolete multi-segment region
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006058
name: multi-limb segment region
namespace: uberon
def: "A collection of two or more connected limb segments. Examples: arm (comprising stylopod and zeugopod regions)." [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006059
name: falx cerebri
namespace: uberon
def: "The falx cerebri, also known as the cerebral falx, so named from its sickle-like form, is a strong, arched fold of dura mater which descends vertically in the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres. It is narrow in front, where it is attached to the crista galli of the ethmoid; and broad behind, where it is connected with the upper surface of the tentorium cerebelli. Its upper margin is convex, and attached to the inner surface of the skull in the middle line, as far back as the internal occipital protuberance; it contains the superior sagittal sinus. Its lower margin is free and concave, and contains the inferior sagittal sinus. The falx cerebri is known to calcify with age." [Wikipedia:Falx_cerebri]
synonym: "cerebral falx" EXACT [FMA:83967]
xref: EMAPA:18551
xref: FMA:83967
xref: SCTID:279275004
xref: UMLS:C0228120
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Falxcerebri.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Falx_Cerebri
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0010090 ! future falx cerebri
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006060
name: conotruncus
namespace: uberon
def: "The distal portion of Bulbus cordis that forms an outflow channel and gives rise to the proximal conus cordis." [UBERON:gg]
synonym: "bulbus cordis rostral half" EXACT [VHOG:0000437]
synonym: "rostral half of bulbus cordis" EXACT [EMAPA:16221]
xref: EMAPA:16221
xref: EMAPA:16338
xref: VHOG:0000437
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis
property_value: homology_notes "The conus arteriosus is considered a component part of the heart because it has a myocardial wall and lies within the pericardial cavity. It is a feature of the evolutionary primitive state. In amphibians it is called the bulbus cordis, a term that is also used for its equivalent in mammalian embryos. The more derived extant bony fish, like the zebrafish, do not have this cardiac compartment. They have a so-called bulbus arteriosus, which is not enclosed by cardiac muscle, but by elastic tissue and smooth muscle, and therefore is considered to be a specialization of the proximal part of the ventral aorta (256). However, similar to the mammalian condition (306, 326, 339), the bulbus arteriosus in zebrafish embryonic hearts is surrounded by myocardium that disappears with development (134, 135). The bony fish bulbus arteriosus might thus be homologous to the shark conus arteriosus and amphibian/mammalian bulbus cordis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006061
name: process of vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A process projection from a part of the vertebra such as centrum or arches. Examples: transverse process, diapophyses, parapophyses, and zygapophyses (both the cranial zygapophyses and the caudal zygapophyses)." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_column#Structure_of_individual_vertebrae]
synonym: "vertebra process" EXACT []
synonym: "vertebral process" EXACT [FMA:24530]
xref: FMA:24530
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006062
name: articular process of vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired processes at the cephalic and caudal ends of the neural arch. They function as interlocking structures between adjacent vertebrae, and limit dorsoventral flexion and lateral movement of the column in the trunk region[AAO]. The articular processes or zygapophyses of a vertebra, in human anatomy contain two superior and two inferior, spring from the junctions of the pedicles and laminae. These stick out of an end of a vertebra to lock with a zygapophysis on the next vertebra, to make the backbone more stable. The superior processes project upward from a lower vertebra, and their articular surfaces are directed more or less backward. The inferior processes project downward from a higher vertebra, and their articular surfaces are directed more or less forward and outward. The articular surfaces are coated with hyaline cartilage." [AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008, Wikipedia:Articular_processes]
comment: todo - class as endochondral bone, check species
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "articular process" BROAD [Wikipedia:Articular_processes]
synonym: "intercalarium articulating process" RELATED [TAO:0001549]
synonym: "p. articularis inferior vertebrae, p. articularis superior vertebrae," RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Articular_processes]
synonym: "processus articularis (zygapophysis)" EXACT [FMA:11952]
synonym: "zygapophysis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Articular_processes]
xref: AAO:0000710
xref: FMA:11952
xref: SCTID:317570004
xref: TAO:0001549
xref: ZFA:0001603
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Processusarticularissuperiorvertebrae.png
is_a: UBERON:0006061  ! process of vertebra
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
property_value: external_definition "Paired processes at the cephalic and caudal ends of the neural arch. They function as interlocking structures between adjacent vertebrae, and limit dorsoventral flexion and lateral movement of the column in the trunk region.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006063
name: cartilaginous neural arch
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the cartilaginous structures surrounding the embryonic spinal cord, formed by the dorsal growth of the dorsolateral arcualia; it is the primordium of the vertebral arch." [BTO:0001763]
xref: BTO:0001763
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010358  ! arch of centrum of vertebra
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006065
name: hemal arch
namespace: uberon
def: "Bony canal attached to the ventral surface or the vertebral centrum that encloses and protects the caudal artery and vein ventrally. The arch consists of right and left halves, which are fused ventrally to give a V- or Y-shape to the ventral aspect of the vertebra[AAO]. Hemal arches extend ventrally from the centra of caudal and transitional vertebrae to enclose the caudal artery and vein. In cyprinids, the hemal arch forms directly in membrane bone[ZFA]." [AAO:0000726, Wikipedia:Haemal_arch, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Taxon notes: fish, most reptiles, some birds, and some mammals with long tails.[WP]
synonym: "chevron" RELATED [PHENOSCAPE:ad]
synonym: "haemal arch" EXACT [AAO:0000726, ZFA:0000519]
synonym: "ventral arch" RELATED [AAO:0000726]
synonym: "ventral arcocentrum" EXACT [ZFA:0000519]
xref: AAO:0000726
xref: TAO:0000519
xref: ZFA:0000519
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
is_a: UBERON:0010358  ! arch of centrum of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from basiventral (TAO:0001361)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Bony canal attached to the ventral surface or the vertebral centrum that encloses and protects the caudal artery and vein ventrally. The arch consists of right and left halves, which are fused ventrally to give a V- or Y-shape to the ventral aspect of the vertebra.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Hemal arches extend ventrally from the centra of caudal and transitional vertebrae to enclose the caudal artery and vein. In cyprinids, the hemal arch forms directly in membrane bone.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006067
name: musculature of hindlimb zeugopod
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a hindlimb zeugopod." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "leg musculature" EXACT [FMA:50211]
synonym: "muscle group of leg" EXACT [FMA:50211]
synonym: "set of muscles of leg" EXACT [FMA:50211]
xref: FMA:50211
is_a: UBERON:0004466  ! musculature of leg
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006068
name: bone of tail
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a post-anal tail." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tail bone" EXACT [MA:0000696]
xref: MA:0000696
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006070
name: coccygeal vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A caudal vertebra that is part of a coccyx." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: AO notes: we assume the MA class represents a subtype of caudal vertebra in what corresponds to the coccyx in humans
synonym: "caudal vertebra" BROAD SENSU [FMA:12527]
synonym: "coccygea" RELATED [MA:0001420]
synonym: "coccygeal segment" EXACT []
synonym: "fused tail vertebra" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:12527
xref: MA:0001420
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9IEzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:361774004
xref: UMLS:C0223616
xref: galen:CoccygealVertebra
xref: ncithesaurus:Coccygeal_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0001095  ! caudal vertebra
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013517 ! coccygeal vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx
intersection_of: UBERON:0001095  ! caudal vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006071
name: caudal region
namespace: uberon
comment: We follow XAO is distinguishing the tail region from the tail; the tail bud is part of the tail region; the tail starts after the tail bud
synonym: "postsacral region" RELATED [AAO:0000082]
synonym: "tail region" RELATED [AAO:0000082]
xref: XAO:0000087
is_a: UBERON:0011676  ! axial subdivision of organism
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006072
name: cervical region of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "That portion of the spine comprising the cervical vertebrae. The neck area of the spine." [Medical_Dictionary:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/]
synonym: "cervical skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000238]
synonym: "cervical spinal column" EXACT [FMA:24138]
synonym: "cervical spine" EXACT [FMA:24138]
synonym: "cervical vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:24138]
xref: AAO:0000092
xref: BTO:0004148
xref: EHDAA2:0000238
xref: EHDAA:5051
xref: EMAPA:17215
xref: FMA:24138
xref: SCTID:260488005
xref: UMLS:C0728985
xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Spine
is_a: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012477 ! dorsal part of neck
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region
property_value: external_definition "Anterior region of the vertebral column consisting of one to 19 or 20 vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006073
name: thoracic region of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "That part of the spine comprising the thoracic vertebrae." [Medical_Dictionary:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/]
synonym: "columna vertebralis thoracicus" EXACT [FMA:9140]
synonym: "thoracic skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002013]
synonym: "thoracic spine" EXACT [FMA:9140]
synonym: "thoracic vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:9140]
xref: AAO:0000612
xref: BTO:0004150
xref: EHDAA2:0002013
xref: EHDAA:5063
xref: EMAPA:17396
xref: FMA:9140
xref: SCTID:243931006
xref: UMLS:C0581269
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Spine
is_a: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column between the atlas and the sacrum consisting of seven to 285 vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006074
name: lumbar region of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the lumbar subdivision of the body, containing the lumbar vertebrae." [UBERONREF:0000006]
synonym: "lumbar skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001037]
synonym: "lumbar spine" EXACT [BTO:0004147]
synonym: "lumbar vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:16203]
xref: BTO:0004147
xref: EHDAA2:0001037
xref: EHDAA:5055
xref: EMAPA:17393
xref: FMA:16203
xref: GAID:31
xref: SCTID:243932004
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Spine
is_a: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back
intersection_of: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006075
name: sacral region of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the sacral subdivision of the body, containing the sacral vertebrae or sacrum." [UBERONREF:0000006]
comment: In adult humans, the sacral skeleton is fused and called the sacrum
synonym: "sacral skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001772]
synonym: "sacrum" NARROW []
xref: AAO:0000724
xref: EHDAA2:0001772
xref: EHDAA:5059
xref: EMAPA:17676
xref: GAID:32
is_a: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005473 ! sacral region
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0005473 ! sacral region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0005473 ! sacral region
property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column represented by one or two vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006076
name: caudal region of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the sacral subdivision of the body, containing the caudal vertebrae." [UBERONREF:0000006]
comment: in AAO, this is posterior to the caudal-sacral region
synonym: "caudal region" RELATED [AAO:0000082]
synonym: "caudal skeleton" EXACT [UBERONREF:0000006]
synonym: "postsacral region" RELATED [AAO:0000082]
synonym: "tail region" RELATED [AAO:0000082]
xref: AAO:0000082
is_a: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006071 ! caudal region
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0006071 ! caudal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0006071 ! caudal region
property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column posterior to the caudal-sacral region, that may consists of two or three to more than 100 vertebrae. These vertebrae exhibit a gradual reduction in the sizes of their transverse processes and zygapophyses, but these structures are never entirely absent. All caudal vertebrae bear haemal arches.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006077
name: subdivision of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "A collection of all skeletal elements in some subdivision of the vertebral column." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "subdivision of vertebral skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "vertebral column subdivision" EXACT [FMA:16201]
synonym: "vertebral region" RELATED []
synonym: "vertebral subdivision" RELATED []
xref: FMA:16201
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006078
name: subdivision of spinal cord lateral column
namespace: uberon
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
is_a: UBERON:0006080  ! segment of white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005374 ! spinal cord lateral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006079
name: subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column
namespace: uberon
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "segment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" RELATED [FMA:258190]
xref: FMA:258190
is_a: UBERON:0006080  ! segment of white matter of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005373 ! spinal cord dorsal column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006080
name: segment of white matter of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:258174
is_a: UBERON:0002318  ! white matter of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006081
name: fundus of gallbladder
namespace: uberon
def: "The fundus of gallbladder is the portion of the gallbladder which lies the farthest from the cystic duct. It is covered with peritoneum. A traditional cholecystectomy is most commonly performed from the infundibulum to the fundus. It's at the same level as the transpyloric plane." [Wikipedia:Fundus_of_gallbladder]
synonym: "fundus of the gallbladder" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fundus_of_gallbladder]
synonym: "fundus vesicae biliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fundus_of_gallbladder]
synonym: "gallbladder fundus" EXACT [FMA:14536, Wikipedia:Fundus_of_gallbladder]
xref: FMA:14536
xref: SCTID:245391004
xref: UMLS:C0227544
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Gray1095_parts.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder_Fundus
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006082
name: fundus of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
def: "The base or posterior surface of the urinary bladder contains the trigone of the bladder and the outlet where urine empties through the internal urethral orifice." [MP:0011785, Wikipedia:Fundus_of_the_urinary_bladder#Fundus]
synonym: "base of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15908]
synonym: "fundus of bladder" BROAD [FMA:15908]
synonym: "fundus vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15908, FMA:TA]
synonym: "urinary bladder base" EXACT [MP:0011785]
synonym: "urinary bladder fundus" EXACT [FMA:15908]
synonym: "urinary bladder fundus region" EXACT [MA:0001694]
xref: EHDAA2:0000582
xref: EHDAA:9330
xref: EMAPA:18322
xref: FMA:15908
xref: MA:0001694
xref: SCTID:362226002
xref: UMLS:C0447584
xref: VHOG:0001184
xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Fundus
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005760 ! urorectal septum
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009845 ! urogenital sinus mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006086
name: stria medullaris
namespace: uberon
def: "The major afferent track to the habenula from the telencephalon (particularly in the septal side) in all vertebrates[Butler and Hodos]." [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "stria habenularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066]
synonym: "stria medullaris (wenzel - wenzel)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066]
synonym: "stria medullaris of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62080, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066]
synonym: "stria medullaris thalami" EXACT PLURAL [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066]
synonym: "stria medullaris thalamica" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066]
xref: BM:Die-SM
xref: FMA:62080
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066
xref: SCTID:362368004
is_a: UBERON:0011299  ! white matter of telencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0013199  ! stria of neuraxis
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001904 ! habenula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742
property_value: external_definition "Stria medullaris of thalamus is a slender fiber bundle on the dorsal surface of the diencephalon which terminates posteriorly in the habenular nuclei[FMA:62080]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006087
name: internal arcuate fiber bundle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "arcuate fibers medial lemniscus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1091]
synonym: "fibrae arcuatae internae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72629, FMA:TA]
synonym: "internal arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72629, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1091]
synonym: "internal arcuate fibres" EXACT [FMA:72629]
synonym: "internal arcuate tract" EXACT [FMA:72629]
xref: FMA:72629
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1091
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006088
name: inferior parietal cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "Component of the parietal lobe. The inferior parietal cortex label includes the inferior parietal gyrus and the angular gyrus and lies inferior to the superior parietal gyrus. The rostral and caudal boundaries were the supramarginal gyrus and the parieto-occipital incisure respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the superior parietal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194]
synonym: "inferior parietal cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194]
synonym: "inferior parietal lobule" EXACT [FMA:77536, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194]
xref: EFO:0001951
xref: FMA:77536
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194
xref: SCTID:362336007
is_a: UBERON:0003022  ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006089
name: dorsal external arcuate fiber bundle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal external arcuate fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250]
synonym: "dorsal external arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72630, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250]
synonym: "dorsal external arcuate tract" EXACT [FMA:72630]
synonym: "dorsal superficial arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72630, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250]
synonym: "external arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250]
xref: FMA:72630
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006090
name: glossopharyngeal nerve fiber bundle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "central part of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72627, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72627, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72627]
synonym: "ninth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72627, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274]
xref: FMA:72627
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006091
name: inferior horn of the lateral ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the lateral ventricle extending downward and anteriorly in the temporal lobe." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292]
synonym: "cornu inferius ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83701, FMA:TA]
synonym: "inferior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83701]
synonym: "inferior horn of the lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292]
synonym: "temporal horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292]
xref: FMA:83701
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292
xref: SCTID:362315005
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006095
name: anterior transverse termporal area 41
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0013574
synonym: "Area temporalis transversa anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774]
synonym: "B09-41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774]
synonym: "BA41" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 41" EXACT [FMA:68638]
synonym: "Brodmann area 41, anterior transverse temporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774]
synonym: "Brodmann's area 41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582]
synonym: "anterior transverse temporal area 41" EXACT [FMA:68638]
synonym: "anterior transverse termporal area 41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582]
synonym: "area 41 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68638, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582]
synonym: "area 41 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774]
synonym: "principle auditory receptive areas" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582]
xref: FMA:68638
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1774
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006096
name: posterior transverse termporal area 42
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0013575
synonym: "Area temporalis transversa posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775]
synonym: "B09-42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775]
synonym: "BA42" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 42" EXACT [FMA:68639]
synonym: "Brodmann area 42, posterior transverse temporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775]
synonym: "Brodmann's area 42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589]
synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68639, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589]
synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775]
synonym: "auditory association area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775]
synonym: "posterior transverse temporal area 42" EXACT [FMA:68639]
synonym: "posterior transverse termporal area 42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589]
xref: FMA:68639
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1775
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006097
name: ventral external arcuate fiber bundle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral external arcuate fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1628]
synonym: "ventral external arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72631, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1628]
synonym: "ventral external arcuate tract" EXACT [FMA:72631]
xref: FMA:72631
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1628
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006098
name: basal nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The deep nuclei found in the basal forebrain." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629]
synonym: "basal ganglia" RELATED INCONSISTENT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629]
synonym: "basal nuclei" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629]
synonym: "basal nuclei of the forebrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629]
xref: EV:0100182
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629
is_a: UBERON:0002780  ! regional part of forebrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002743 ! basal forebrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006099
name: Brodmann (1909) area 1
namespace: uberon
def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732]
synonym: "Area postcentralis intermedia" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732]
synonym: "B09-1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732]
synonym: "BA1" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732]
synonym: "Brodmann area 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732]
synonym: "Brodmann's area 1" EXACT [FMA:68597]
synonym: "area 1 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68597]
synonym: "area 1 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732]
synonym: "intermediate postcentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732]
synonym: "intermediate postcentral area" EXACT [FMA:68597]
xref: FMA:68597
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006100
name: Brodmann (1909) area 3
namespace: uberon
def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734]
synonym: "Area postcentralis oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734]
synonym: "B09-3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734]
synonym: "BA3" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734]
synonym: "Brodmann area 3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734]
synonym: "Brodmann's area 3" EXACT [FMA:68599]
synonym: "area 3 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68599]
synonym: "area 3 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734]
synonym: "rostral postcentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734]
synonym: "rostral postcentral area" EXACT [FMA:68599]
xref: FMA:68599
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006101
name: Brodmann (1909) area 24
namespace: uberon
def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755]
synonym: "B09-24" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755]
synonym: "BA24" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 24" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755]
synonym: "Brodmann area 24" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755]
synonym: "area 24 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68621]
synonym: "area 24 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755]
synonym: "area cingularis anterior ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755]
synonym: "ventral anterior cingulate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755]
xref: FMA:68621
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006102
name: Brodmann (1909) area 35
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area perirhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768]
synonym: "B09-35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768]
synonym: "BA35" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768]
synonym: "Brodmann area 35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768]
synonym: "Brodmann area 35, perirhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768]
synonym: "Brodmann's area 35" EXACT [FMA:68632]
synonym: "Brodmann.35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768]
synonym: "area 35 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68632]
synonym: "area 35 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768]
synonym: "perirhinal area 35" EXACT [FMA:68632]
xref: BTO:0004356
xref: FMA:68632
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768
xref: SCTID:384790006
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006104
name: Brodmann (1909) area 36
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area ectorhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769]
synonym: "B09-36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769]
synonym: "BA36" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769]
synonym: "Brodmann area 36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769]
synonym: "Brodmann.36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769]
synonym: "area 36 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68633]
synonym: "area 36 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769]
synonym: "ectorhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769]
synonym: "ectorhinal area 36" EXACT [FMA:68633]
xref: BTO:0004357
xref: FMA:68633
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006105
name: obsolete basis modioli
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
synonym: "basis modioli cochleae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75640, FMA:TA]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006106
name: cochlear canal
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cochlear canal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2553]
synonym: "spiral canal of cochlea" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2553]
synonym: "wall of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:75371]
xref: FMA:75371
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2553
xref: SCTID:279779009
is_a: UBERON:0010527  ! cavity of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006107
name: basolateral amygdaloid nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
synonym: "BL" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679]
synonym: "Basolateral nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679]
synonym: "amygdalar basolateral nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679]
synonym: "amygdaloid basolateral complex" EXACT [FMA:84016, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679]
synonym: "basolateral amygdaloid nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679]
synonym: "basolateral nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:84016, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679]
synonym: "basolateral nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:84016]
synonym: "pars basolateralis (Corpus amygdaloideum)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679]
synonym: "set of basolateral nuclei of amygdala" RELATED [FMA:84016]
synonym: "vicarious cortex" EXACT [FMA:84016, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679]
xref: FMA:84016
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679
is_a: UBERON:0007245  ! nuclear complex of neuraxis
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002023

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006108
name: corticomedial nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
synonym: "CMA" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680]
synonym: "amygdalar corticomedial nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680]
synonym: "corticomedial nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680]
synonym: "corticomedial nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:84015, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680]
synonym: "corticomedial nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:84015]
synonym: "pars corticomedialis (Corpus amygdaloideum)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680]
synonym: "set of corticomedial nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:84015]
xref: FMA:84015
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680
is_a: UBERON:0007245  ! nuclear complex of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006115
name: posterior column of fornix
namespace: uberon
synonym: "crus fornicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61969, FMA:TA]
synonym: "crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754]
synonym: "posterior column of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754]
synonym: "posterior column of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61969]
synonym: "posterior crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754]
synonym: "posterior pillar of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754]
xref: FMA:61969
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754
xref: SCTID:369116002
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle
is_a: UBERON:0002780  ! regional part of forebrain
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006116
name: vagal nerve fiber bundle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "central part of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:72628, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765]
synonym: "tenth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72628, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765]
synonym: "vagal nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765]
synonym: "vagal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72628, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765]
synonym: "vagal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72628]
xref: FMA:72628
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006117
name: accessory nerve fiber bundle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "accessory nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_916]
synonym: "accessory nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72626, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_916]
synonym: "accessory nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72626]
synonym: "eleventh cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72626]
xref: FMA:72626
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_916
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006118
name: lamina I of gray matter of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lamina i of gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203]
synonym: "lamina marginalis" EXACT [FMA:68862, NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203]
synonym: "lamina spinalis i" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68862, FMA:TA]
synonym: "layer of Waldeyer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203]
synonym: "layer of waldeyer" EXACT [FMA:68862]
synonym: "rexed lamina I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203]
synonym: "rexed lamina i" EXACT [FMA:68862]
synonym: "rexed layer 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203]
synonym: "spinal lamina I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203]
synonym: "spinal lamina i" EXACT [FMA:68862]
xref: FMA:68862
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203
is_a: UBERON:0001948  ! regional part of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006119
name: subbrachial nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: Candidate definition (refers specifically to mouse): \"A group of cells ventral to the nucleus of brachium of inferior colliculus in the mouse (Paxinos-2001).\" [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005003]
synonym: "subbrachial nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005003]
synonym: "tegmental area of tsai" EXACT [FMA:77494]
xref: FMA:77494
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005003
is_a: UBERON:0011214  ! nucleus of midbrain tectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006120
name: superior colliculus superficial gray layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lamina II of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris ii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72407, FMA:TA]
synonym: "layer II of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407]
synonym: "outer gray layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407]
synonym: "stratum griseum superficiale colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72407, FMA:TA]
synonym: "stratum griseum superficiale of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "superficial gray layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407]
synonym: "superficial grey layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407]
synonym: "superior colliculus superficial gray layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005034]
xref: ABA:SCsg
xref: FMA:72407
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005034
is_a: UBERON:0006785  ! gray matter of superior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0006791  ! superficial layer of superior colliculus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006779
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006780

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006121
name: hemispheric lobule VIII
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Biventer 1 (HVIII)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211]
synonym: "Biventral Lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211]
synonym: "Lobulus Biventer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211]
synonym: "Paraflocculus Dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211]
synonym: "biventer lobule" EXACT [FMA:72526]
synonym: "biventral lobule" EXACT [FMA:72526]
synonym: "biventral lobule [h viii]" EXACT [FMA:72526]
synonym: "cuneiform lobe" EXACT [FMA:72526]
synonym: "dorsal parafloccularis [h viii b]" EXACT [FMA:72526]
synonym: "dorsal paraflocculus" EXACT [FMA:72526]
synonym: "hemispheric lobule viii" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211]
synonym: "lobulus biventer [h viii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72526, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lobulus parafloccularis dorsalis [h viii b]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72526, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:72526
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211
is_a: UBERON:0004003  ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006122
name: obsolete retrorubral area
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: Made obsolete as it grouped two unrelated classes
synonym: "A8" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090301]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006123
name: horizontal limb of the diagonal band
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Diagonal band horizontal limb" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303]
synonym: "Horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303]
synonym: "hDBB" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303]
synonym: "horizontal limb of diagonal band" EXACT [FMA:77611]
synonym: "horizontal limb of the diagonal band" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303]
xref: FMA:77611
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303
is_a: UBERON:0006125  ! subdivision of diagonal band

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006124
name: vertical limb of the diagonal band
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090304]
synonym: "vertical limb of diagonal band" EXACT [FMA:77612]
synonym: "vertical limb of the diagonal band" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090304]
xref: FMA:77612
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090304
is_a: UBERON:0006125  ! subdivision of diagonal band

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006125
name: subdivision of diagonal band
namespace: uberon
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "diagonal band subdivision" EXACT [FMA:77610]
synonym: "regional part of diagonal band" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090302]
xref: FMA:77610
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090302
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006127
name: funiculus of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
synonym: "spinal cord funiculus" EXACT [FMA:77460]
synonym: "white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77460]
xref: FMA:77460
is_a: UBERON:0006080  ! segment of white matter of spinal cord
is_a: UBERON:0006133  ! funiculus of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006133
name: funiculus of neuraxis
namespace: uberon
def: "The cerebrospinal nerves consist of numerous nerve fibers collected together and enclosed in membranous sheaths. A small bundle of fibers, enclosed in a tubular sheath, is called a funiculus; if the nerve is of small size, it may consist only of a single funiculus; but if large, the funiculi are collected together into larger bundles or fasciculi, which are bound together in a common membranous investment. Examples include: Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord Posterior funiculus of the spinal cord Funiculus solitarius of the medulla Funiculus separans" [Wikipedia:Funiculus_%28neurology%29]
xref: FMA:76738
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006134
name: nerve fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "A threadlike extension of a nerve cell and consists of an axon and myelin sheath (if existence) in the nervous system. There are nerve fibers in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. A nerve fiber may be myelinated and/or unmyelinated. In the central nervous system (CNS), myelin by oligodendroglia cells is formed. Schwann cells form myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Schwann cells also make a thin covering in an axon without myelin (in the PNS). A peripheral nerve fiber contains an axon, myelin sheath, schwann cells and its endoneurium. There are no endoneurium and schwann cells in the central nervous system" [Wikipedia:Nervous_system_fiber]
synonym: "nerve fibre" EXACT [FMA:5914]
synonym: "neurofibra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5914, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Nerve_fiber]
synonym: "neurofibrum" EXACT [FMA:5914]
xref: FMA:5914
xref: MESH:A08.663.542
xref: SCTID:88545005
is_a: UBERON:0000470  ! cell part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006135
name: myelinated nerve fiber
namespace: uberon
comment: consider adding link to UBERON:0002316
xref: FMA:5915
xref: GAID:745
xref: MESH:A08.663.542.512
xref: SCTID:362296008
xref: UMLS:C0027750
xref: ncithesaurus:Myelinated_Nerve_Fiber
is_a: UBERON:0006134  ! nerve fiber

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006136
name: unmyelinated nerve fiber
namespace: uberon
synonym: "non-myelinated nerve fiber" EXACT [FMA:5916]
xref: FMA:5916
xref: GAID:767
xref: MESH:A08.663.542.756
xref: SCTID:46920005
xref: UMLS:C0501409
xref: ncithesaurus:Unmyelinated_Nerve_Fiber
is_a: UBERON:0006134  ! nerve fiber

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006137
name: proper palmar digital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The proper palmar digital arteries travel along the sides of the phalanges (along the contiguous sides of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers), each artery lying just below its corresponding digital nerve. Alternative names for these arteries are: proper volar digital arteries, collateral digital arteries, arteriae digitales palmares propriae, or aa. digitales volares propriae. They anastomose freely in the subcutaneous tissue of the finger tips and by smaller branches near the interphalangeal joints. Each also gives off a couple of dorsal branches which anastomose with the dorsal digital arteries, and supply the soft parts on the back of the second and third phalanges, including the matrix of the fingernail. The proper palmar digital artery for the medial side of the little finger arises directly from the ulnar artery deep to the palmaris brevis muscle, but the rest arise from the common palmar digital arteries." [Wikipedia:Proper_palmar_digital_arteries]
comment: the MA term, even though plural, represents the singular, as it is an isa child of artery
synonym: "arteriae digitales palmares propriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70804, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Proper_palmar_digital_arteries]
synonym: "proper palmal digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001959]
synonym: "proper palmar digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001959]
synonym: "proper palmar digital arteries set" EXACT [FMA:70804]
synonym: "proper volar digital arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Proper_palmar_digital_arteries]
synonym: "proper volar digital artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Proper_palmar_digital_arteries]
synonym: "set of proper palmar digital arteries" RELATED [FMA:70804]
xref: FMA:70804
xref: MA:0001959
xref: SCTID:91778006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray1237.svg
is_a: UBERON:0006141  ! palmar digital artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006138
name: plantar digital artery
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:43971
xref: SCTID:230727008
is_a: UBERON:0004554  ! hindlimb digital artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006139
name: plantar digital vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The plantar digital veins arise from plexuses on the plantar surfaces of the digits, and, after sending intercapitular veins to join the dorsal digital veins, unite to form four metatarsal veins." [Wikipedia:Plantar_digital_veins]
synonym: "venae digitales plantares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Plantar_digital_veins]
xref: FMA:44517
is_a: UBERON:0004564  ! hindlimb digital vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006140
name: palmar digital vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The palmar digital veins (or volar digital veins) on each finger are connected to the dorsal digital veins by oblique intercapitular veins. Some sources distinguish between the \"proper palmar digital veins\", which are more distal, and the \"common palmar digital veins\", which are more proximal." [Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins]
synonym: "palmar digital veins" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:70895]
synonym: "palmar digital veins set" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:70895]
synonym: "set of palmar digital veins" RELATED [FMA:70895]
synonym: "venae digitales palmares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70895, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins]
synonym: "volar digital veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins]
xref: FMA:70895
xref: SCTID:83229009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Gray574.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Gray574.png/200px-Gray574.png
is_a: UBERON:0004563  ! forelimb digital vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006141
name: palmar digital artery
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0004553  ! forelimb digital artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006142
name: common plantar digital vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "common plantar vein" EXACT [MA:0002134]
xref: MA:0002134
is_a: UBERON:0006139  ! plantar digital vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006143
name: proper plantar digital vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "proper plantar vein" EXACT [MA:0002138]
xref: MA:0002138
is_a: UBERON:0006139  ! plantar digital vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006144
name: medial plantar digital vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial plantar vein" EXACT [MA:0002172]
xref: MA:0002172
is_a: UBERON:0006139  ! plantar digital vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006145
name: dorsal digital artery of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal digital arteries of foot are small arteries which supply the toes." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries_of_foot]
synonym: "arteriae digitales dorsales pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries_of_foot]
synonym: "dorsal digital artery of foot" EXACT [FMA:44660]
xref: FMA:44660
xref: SCTID:230173000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray553.png
is_a: UBERON:0004554  ! hindlimb digital artery
is_a: UBERON:0006163  ! dorsal digital artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0006163  ! dorsal digital artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006146
name: dorsal digital artery of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "Dorsal digital arteries arise from the bifurcation of dorsal metacarpal arteries. They travel along the sides and dorsal aspects of the phalanges of the middle finger, ring finger, and little finger. They communicate with the proper palmar digital arteries. They run with the dorsal digital nerves of ulnar nerve and dorsal digital nerves of radial nerve." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries]
synonym: "arteriae digitales dorsales manus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries]
synonym: "dorsal digital artery" BROAD [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries]
synonym: "dorsal digital artery of hand" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:91793005
is_a: UBERON:0004553  ! forelimb digital artery
is_a: UBERON:0006163  ! dorsal digital artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0006163  ! dorsal digital artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006163
name: dorsal digital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries#]
comment: Note Wikipedia article refers to manual dorsal digital artery
synonym: "arteriae digitales dorsales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70801, FMA:TA]
synonym: "dorsal digital arteries" EXACT [FMA:70801]
synonym: "dorsal digital arteries set" EXACT [FMA:70801]
synonym: "set of dorsal digital arteries" RELATED [FMA:70801]
xref: FMA:70801
is_a: UBERON:0004552  ! digital artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006164
name: forelimb common dorsal digital arteries
namespace: uberon
synonym: "wing common dorsal digital arteries" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001954
is_a: UBERON:0006146  ! dorsal digital artery of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006165
name: median dorsal digital artery for digit 1
namespace: uberon
synonym: "median dorsal digital artery for digit 01" EXACT [MA:0001955]
xref: MA:0001955
is_a: UBERON:0006146  ! dorsal digital artery of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006166
name: lateral dorsal digital artery for digit 5
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral dorsal digital artery for digit 05" EXACT [MA:0001956]
xref: MA:0001956
is_a: UBERON:0006146  ! dorsal digital artery of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006167
name: forelimb proper dorsal digital arteries
namespace: uberon
synonym: "wing proper dorsal digital arteries" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001958
is_a: UBERON:0006146  ! dorsal digital artery of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006168
name: hindlimb common dorsal digital arteries
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001965
is_a: UBERON:0006145  ! dorsal digital artery of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006169
name: hindlimb proper dorsal digital arteries
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001967
is_a: UBERON:0006145  ! dorsal digital artery of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006170
name: mesonephric capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the mesonephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue." [GO:0061285, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002015  ! kidney capsule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0002015  ! kidney capsule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006171
name: renal sinus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:15611
xref: SCTID:362222000
is_a: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006172
name: rectal diverticulum
namespace: uberon
def: "The rectal diverticulum is an outgrowth of the cloaca and links the pronephric kidney to the exterior" [GO:0039009]
xref: XAO:0001015
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006173
name: pronephric proximal tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephros" [GO:0039011]
synonym: "pronephros proximal tubule" EXACT [GO:0039011]
is_a: UBERON:0004134  ! proximal tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005310  ! pronephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004134  ! proximal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006174
name: pronephric sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The pronephric sinus is an ill-defined capillary network that lies between the pronephric tubules" [GO:0039012]
comment: todo - check relationship to renal sinus, improve definition
xref: AAO:0011092
xref: XAO:0000385
is_a: UBERON:0006171  ! renal sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0006171  ! renal sinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006175
name: pronephric distal tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephros" [GO:0039013]
is_a: UBERON:0004135  ! distal tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005310  ! pronephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004135  ! distal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006182
name: mesonephric glomerular mesangium
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the mesonephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus" [GO:0061247]
is_a: UBERON:0002320  ! glomerular mesangium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005326 ! mesonephric glomerulus vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0002320  ! glomerular mesangium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006183
name: mesonephric glomerular capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0061249]
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0004212  ! glomerular capillary
is_a: UBERON:0005327  ! mesonephric glomerular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005325 ! mesonephric glomerulus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004212  ! glomerular capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006189
name: mesonephric connecting tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the mesonephric nephron; it connects the distal tubule to the collecting duct in the mesonephros" [GO:0061272]
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005097  ! renal connecting tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005330  ! mesonephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0005097  ! renal connecting tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006190
name: mesonephric distal tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the mesonephric connecting tubule" [GO:0061273]
comment: note that ZFA has terms for developing tubule
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0004135  ! distal tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005330  ! mesonephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004135  ! distal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006192
name: mesonephric proximal tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule" [GO:0061275]
comment: note that ZFA has terms for developing tubule
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0004134  ! proximal tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005330  ! mesonephric nephron epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004134  ! proximal tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006194
name: renal sinus of right kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "A renal sinus that is part of a right kidney." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right renal sinus" EXACT [FMA:17621]
xref: FMA:17621
is_a: UBERON:0006171  ! renal sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004539 ! right kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0006171  ! renal sinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004539 ! right kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006195
name: renal sinus of left kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "A renal sinus that is part of a left kidney." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left renal sinus" EXACT [FMA:17622]
xref: FMA:17622
is_a: UBERON:0006171  ! renal sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004538 ! left kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0006171  ! renal sinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004538 ! left kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006196
name: mesonephric sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "A renal sinus that is part of a mesonephros." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - check relationship to renal sinus, add definition
xref: AAO:0011063
xref: XAO:0000381
is_a: UBERON:0006171  ! renal sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0006171  ! renal sinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006197
name: auricular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Any vein serving the ear region" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/auricular+vein]
comment: Taxon notes: In humans this refers to either the anterior or posterior auricular vein, passing in front of or behind the ear. This class also groups other auricular veins, including the greater, ventral, central auricular nerves. These may exhibit different branching structures. In the pig, the external jugular branches to the maxillary to the caudal auricular to the middle auricular, then onto various unique patterns
synonym: "vena auriculares" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "venae auriculares" EXACT LATIN []
xref: UMLS:C2698201
xref: ncithesaurus:Auricular_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 ! external jugular vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006198
name: dorsal intercostal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The highest intercostal artery (supreme intercostal artery, superior intercostal artery) is an artery in the human body that usually gives rise to the first and second posterior intercostal arteries, which supply blood to their corresponding intercostal space. It usually arises from the costocervical trunk, which is a branch of the subclavian artery." [Wikipedia:Highest_intercostal_artery]
comment: classes unified on basis of spatial anatomy ontology synonyms
synonym: "arteria intercostalis suprema" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Highest_intercostal_artery]
synonym: "dorsal branch of superior intercostal artery" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?dorsal+branch+of+the+superior+intercostal+artery]
synonym: "superior intercostal artery" EXACT [FMA:76998, Wikipedia:Highest_intercostal_artery]
synonym: "supreme intercostal artery" EXACT [FMA:76998, Wikipedia:Highest_intercostal_artery]
xref: FMA:76998
xref: MA:0001943
xref: SCTID:198427009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray530.png
is_a: UBERON:0005612  ! intercostal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006199
name: posterior auricular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior auricular vein begins upon the side of the head, in a plexus which communicates with the tributaries of the occipital vein and superficial temporal veins. It descends behind the auricula, and joins the posterior division of the posterior facial vein to form the external jugular. It receive the stylomastoid vein, and some tributaries from the cranial surface of the auricula." [Wikipedia:Posterior_auricular_vein]
comment: AO notes: check placement of AO class
synonym: "posterior auricular vein" EXACT [FMA:50851]
synonym: "venae auricularis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_auricular_vein]
xref: FMA:50851
xref: MA:0002090
xref: SCTID:150188002
xref: UMLS:C0226544
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Auricular_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0006197  ! auricular vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 ! external jugular vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006200
name: caudal humeral circumflex vein
namespace: uberon
comment: classes unified on basis of spatial anatomy ontology synonyms
synonym: "posterior circumflex humeral vein" EXACT [FMA:71216]
synonym: "posterior humeral circumflex vein" EXACT [FMA:71216]
synonym: "vena circumflexa humeri posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71216, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:71216
xref: MA:0002091
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 ! axillary vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 ! subclavian vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006201
name: dorsal cerebral vein
namespace: uberon
comment: classes unified on basis of spatial anatomy ontology synonyms
synonym: "superior cerebral vein" EXACT [FMA:50978]
xref: FMA:50978
xref: MA:0002103
xref: SCTID:244393005
is_a: UBERON:0001663  ! cerebral vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006202
name: ventral labial vein
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: Was obsoleted as it grouped a lip structure with an unknown MA vein, which be a genital vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006204
name: inguinal ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. Its anatomy is very important for operating on hernia patients. It forms the base of the inguinal canal through which an indirect inguinal hernia may develop. The inguinal ligament runs from the anterior superior iliac spine of the ilium to the pubic tubercle of the pubic bone. It is formed by the external abdominal oblique aponeurosis and is continuous with the fascia lata of the thigh." [Wikipedia:Inguinal_ligament]
synonym: "Poupart's ligament" EXACT DUBIOUS [FMA:19855, Wikipedia:Inguinal_ligament]
synonym: "Vesalius' ligament" EXACT [FMA:19855]
synonym: "fallopian ligament" EXACT DUBIOUS [FMA:19855, Wikipedia:Inguinal_ligament]
xref: FMA:19855
xref: SCTID:361900000
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005442 ! external oblique

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006205
name: pectineal ligament
namespace: uberon
comment: we include a disjointness axiom to avoid confusion that may arise from the synonyms 'ligamentum pectineale' and 'ligamentum pectinum'
synonym: "cooper's ligament (groin)" EXACT [FMA:20188]
synonym: "ligamentum pectineale" EXACT [FMA:20188]
xref: FMA:20188
xref: SCTID:256661003
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006204 ! inguinal ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006206
name: iridocorneal angle
namespace: uberon
def: "acute angle occurring between the iris and the cornea at the periphery of the anterior chamber of the eye[MP]." [MP:0004221]
synonym: "anterior chamber angle" EXACT [FMA:58577]
xref: FMA:58577
xref: SCTID:244498000
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003956 ! aqueous drainage system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006207
name: aortico-pulmonary spiral septum
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005999
def: "the spiral septum that separates the truncus arteriosus into a ventral pulmonary trunk and the dorsal aorta[MP]. The aorticopulmonary septum is developmentally formed from neural crest, specifically the cardiac neural crest, and actively separates the aorta and pulmonary arteries and fuses with the interventricular septum within the heart during development. The actual mechanism of septation of the outflow tract is poorly understood, but is recognized as a dynamic process with contributions from contractile, hemodynamic, and extracellular matrix interactions." [MP:0010650, Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "aortic septum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum]
synonym: "aortico-pulmonary septum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum]
synonym: "aorticopulmonary septum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum]
synonym: "septum aorticopulmonale" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum]
synonym: "spiral septum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum]
xref: EHDAA2:0000136
xref: EHDAA:2592
xref: EMAPA:16827
xref: VHOG:0000502
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray470.png
is_a: UBERON:0004142  ! outflow tract septum
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000095 ! cardiac neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0002099  ! cardiac septum
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006208
name: auditory hillocks
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "auditory tubercles" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VHOG:0001364]
synonym: "auricular hillock" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000155
xref: EHDAA:4685
xref: EMAPA:17280
xref: VHOG:0001364
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear
property_value: homology_notes "Mammals have a third type of tympanic ear. An external flap, the auricle or pinna, helps funnel sound waves down the external acoustic meatus to the tympanic membrane.[inferred][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006209
name: basioccipital cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000164
xref: EHDAA:7141
xref: EMAPA:18337
xref: VHOG:0001124
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009197 ! basioccipital pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001692 ! basioccipital bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006210
name: body-wall mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000179
xref: EHDAA:3217
xref: EMAPA:16893
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006211
name: buccopharyngeal membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "The region where the crescentic masses of the ectoderm and endoderm come into direct contact with each other constitutes a thin membrane, the buccopharyngeal membrane (or oropharyngeal membrane), which forms a septum between the primitive mouth and pharynx. In front of the buccopharyngeal area, where the lateral crescents of mesoderm fuse in the middle line, the pericardium is afterward developed, and this region is therefore designated the pericardial area." [Wikipedia:Buccopharyngeal_membrane]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "oropharyngeal membrane" RELATED [Wikipedia:Buccopharyngeal_membrane]
xref: EHDAA2:0000189
xref: EHDAA:536
xref: EMAPA:16259
xref: SCTID:361412007
xref: VHOG:0000380
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray977.png
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003037  ! septum
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006264 ! mouth-foregut junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006212
name: bulbo-ventricular groove
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "bulbo-ventricular sulcus" EXACT [EMAPA:16693]
synonym: "bulboventricular groove" EXACT [VHOG:0001405]
synonym: "ependymal groove" EXACT [EMAPA:16693]
synonym: "ependymal sulcus" EXACT [EMAPA:16693]
xref: EHDAA2:0000195
xref: EHDAA:766
xref: EMAPA:16693
xref: VHOG:0001405
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006213
name: carpus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a carpal bone." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000221
xref: EHDAA:8544
xref: EMAPA:18102
xref: VHOG:0001123
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
is_a: UBERON:0010883  ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006214 ! carpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006214
name: carpus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a carpal bone." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000222
xref: EHDAA:6324
xref: EMAPA:17724
xref: VHOG:0000955
is_a: UBERON:0009523  ! mesenchyme of handplate
is_a: UBERON:0010884  ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003319 ! mesenchyme of carpal region
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009523 ! mesenchyme of handplate
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006215
name: rhombic lip
namespace: uberon
def: "Rhombic lips are a posterior section of the developing metencephalon within an embryo. They extend posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cells and contain cerebellar precursor cells, among others" [Wikipedia:Rhombic_lips]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cerebellum primordium" RELATED [EMAPA:17074]
synonym: "dorsal part of alar plate of metencephalon" RELATED [EMAPA:17074]
xref: TAO:0001440
xref: XAO:0004135
xref: ZFA:0001440
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010092 ! future metencephalon
property_value: external_definition "The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roofplate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006216
name: cervical sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "a temporary depression caudal to the second pharyngeal arch, containing the succeeding pharyngeal arches; it is overgrown by the second pharyngeal arch and closes off as the cervical vesicle[TFD]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_sinus, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cervical+sinus]
comment: This sinus is bounded in front by the hyoid arch, and behind by the thoracic wall; it is ultimately obliterated by the fusion of its walls.
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "sinus cervicalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cervical_sinus]
xref: EHDAA2:0000078
xref: EHDAA:5105
xref: EHDAA:6534
xref: EMAPA:17526
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000239
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Kiemenbogen.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006217
name: cloacal membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "the membrane that covers the embryonic cloaca, formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm; the urorectal septum joins the cloacal membrane and divides it into an anal membrane and a urogenital membrane; the point where the urorectal septum intersects the cloacal membrane is the future site of the perineal body; proliferation of mesoderm and ectoderm around the cloacal membrane produces primordial tissues of the external genitalia in both sexes: the genital tubercle, genital folds, and genital swellings." [MP:0011837, MP:anna, Wikipedia:Cloacal_membrane]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "embryonic cloacal membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "membrana cloacalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cloacal_membrane]
xref: EHDAA2:0000257
xref: EHDAA:214
xref: EHDAA:2933
xref: EMAPA:16832
xref: SCTID:308826008
xref: UMLS:C0231056
xref: VHOG:0001198
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Gray991.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cloacal_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004906  ! ectodermal gut
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004341 ! primitive streak
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca
property_value: external_definition "A membrane that separates the proctodeum and the hindgut in the early embryo. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.497, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In mammals, the cloaca exists as an embryonic structure that undergoes septation to become distinct urethral, anal, and genital orifices.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006218
name: common atrial chamber
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA:1267
xref: EMAPA:16225
xref: EMAPA:16342
xref: EMAPA:16689
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000268
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006219
name: deltoid pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000340
xref: EHDAA:6002
xref: EMAPA:17749
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006220
name: diencephalic part of interventricular foramen
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000384
xref: EHDAA:3476
xref: EMAPA:16643
xref: EMAPA:16901
xref: VHOG:0000808
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003993 ! interventricular foramen of CNS

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006222
name: future diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that develops_into a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "presumptive diencephalon" EXACT [TAO:0000574]
xref: EFO:0003442
xref: EHDAA2:0000600
xref: EHDAA:844
xref: EMAPA:16514
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000386
xref: TAO:0000574
xref: ZFA:0000574
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006223
name: dorsal meso-oesophagus
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "dorsal meso-esophagus" EXACT [MA:0001570]
xref: EHDAA:2945
xref: EMAPA:16704
xref: EMAPA:16837
xref: EMAPA:18865
xref: MA:0001570
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000412
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003283 ! mesentery of oesophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006224
name: elbow joint primordium
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000431
xref: EHDAA:8483
xref: EMAPA:17710
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003318 ! mesenchyme of elbow

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006226
name: endolymphatic appendage
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000437
xref: EMAPA:16994
xref: EMAPA:17283
xref: VHOG:0000373
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
property_value: external_definition "An outgrowth of the otic vesicle that forms the endolymphatic duct and sac during embryonic development. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006227
name: ethmoid bone primordium
namespace: uberon
comment: Consider obsoleting, the ethmoid is endochondral?
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000456
xref: EHDAA:8363
xref: EMAPA:18023
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 ! ethmoid region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006228
name: exoccipital pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000457
xref: EHDAA:8355
xref: EMAPA:18014
xref: VHOG:0000963
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001693 ! exoccipital bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006230
name: extrinsic ocular pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000483
xref: EHDAA:2925
xref: EMAPA:17845
is_a: UBERON:0003314  ! eye mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
is_a: UBERON:0006904  ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003314 ! eye mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003269 ! skeletal muscle of eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006231
name: facial bone primordium
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: check this for developmental relationships
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "facial bones primordia" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000488]
synonym: "facial skeleton primordium" RELATED []
synonym: "viscerocranium primordium" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000488
xref: EHDAA:9552
xref: EMAPA:18024
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0007842  ! membrane bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006232
name: facio-acoustic VII-VIII preganglion complex
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA:1477
xref: EMAPA:16660
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000496
xref: VHOG:0000715
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005565 ! facio-acoustic neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006233
name: female genital tubercle
namespace: uberon
def: "A differentiated genital tubercle that is part of a female reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "genital tubercle of female" EXACT [EMAPA:18680]
xref: EHDAA:8118
xref: EMAPA:18680
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000500
xref: VHOG:0000666
is_a: UBERON:0011757  ! differentiated genital tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005056 ! external female genitalia
intersection_of: UBERON:0011757  ! differentiated genital tubercle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006234
name: femur pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000508
xref: EMAPA:17502
xref: VHOG:0000951
is_a: UBERON:0010886  ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000981 ! femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006235
name: foregut-midgut junction
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical boundary that adjacent_to a foregut and adjacent_to a midgut." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000569
xref: EHDAA:526
xref: EMAPA:16363
xref: VHOG:0000291
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006236
name: frontal bone primordium
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000577
xref: EHDAA:9540
xref: EMAPA:18017
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006238
name: future brain
namespace: uberon
comment: Usage notes: this class is restricted to neural-tube derived brains
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "brain rudiment" EXACT [TAO:0000146]
synonym: "presumptive brain" EXACT [ZFA:0000146]
xref: EFO:0003431
xref: EHDAA:300
xref: EHDAA:830
xref: EMAPA:16089
xref: EMAPA:16471
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000591
xref: TAO:0000146
xref: ZFA:0000146
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006239
name: future central tendon
namespace: uberon
def: "A tendon that develops_into a central tendon." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000593
xref: EHDAA:4118
xref: EMAPA:25035
is_a: UBERON:0000043  ! tendon
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006670 ! central tendon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
intersection_of: UBERON:0000043  ! tendon
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0006670 ! central tendon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006240
name: future forebrain
namespace: uberon
comment: TODO. Add relationships to neural plate (both ZFA and EMAPA time this with the neural plate)
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "presumptive forebrain" EXACT [ZFA:0000062]
synonym: "presumptive prosencephalon" EXACT [TAO:0000062]
synonym: "prosencephalon" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000661]
xref: EFO:0003423
xref: EHDAA2:0000661
xref: EHDAA:2643
xref: EMAPA:16640
xref: TAO:0000062
xref: ZFA:0000062
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006238 ! future brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006241
name: future spinal cord
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "presumptive spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000417]
synonym: "presumptive spinal cord neural keel" EXACT [TAO:0000417]
synonym: "presumptive spinal cord neural plate" EXACT [TAO:0000417]
synonym: "presumptive spinal cord neural rod" EXACT [TAO:0000417]
xref: EFO:0003438
xref: EHDAA2:0000674
xref: EHDAA:898
xref: EMAPA:16092
xref: EMAPA:16525
xref: EMAPA:16755
xref: TAO:0000417
xref: ZFA:0000417
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006242
name: gall bladder primordium
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000700
xref: EHDAA:3047
xref: EMAPA:16713
xref: EMAPA:16842
xref: XAO:0004205
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004912 ! biliary bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006243
name: glossopharyngeal IX preganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA:1479
xref: EMAPA:16661
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000713
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006244
name: hip joint primordium
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000785
xref: EHDAA:8462
xref: EMAPA:17739
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003320 ! mesenchyme of hip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006245
name: humerus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000787
xref: EHDAA:6240
xref: EMAPA:17713
xref: VHOG:0001120
is_a: UBERON:0005258  ! upper arm mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010883  ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006246 ! humerus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005258 ! upper arm mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006246
name: humerus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000788
xref: EHDAA:4192
xref: EMAPA:17427
xref: VHOG:0000950
is_a: UBERON:0005258  ! upper arm mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010884  ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005258 ! upper arm mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006247
name: iliac pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000809
xref: EHDAA:9568
xref: EMAPA:18029
xref: VHOG:0000964
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 ! body-wall mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006248
name: incus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000813
xref: EHDAA:9024
xref: EMAPA:17825
xref: VHOG:0000957
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006250
name: infundibular recess of 3rd ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "The floor of the third ventricle is prolonged downward as a funnel-shaped recess, the infundibular recess, into the infundibulum, and to the apex of the latter the hypophysis or pititary is attached" [Wikipedia:Infundibular_recess]
comment: Editor note: in FMA this is a cavity, whereas in EHDAA2 it is an epithelial sac
synonym: "infundibular recess" EXACT [FMA:78456]
synonym: "infundibular recess of third ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78456]
synonym: "recessus infundibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "recessus infundibuli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Infundibular_recess]
xref: EHDAA2:0000827
xref: EHDAA:4479
xref: EMAPA:16648
xref: EMAPA:16899
xref: FMA:78456
xref: SCTID:369280006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray654.png
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003309 ! floor plate of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000007 ! pituitary gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006252
name: intersubcardinal venous anastomosis
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000883
xref: EHDAA:3452
xref: EMAPA:16828
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006253
name: embryonic intraretinal space
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "intraretinal space" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000889]
synonym: "intraretinal space of retina" EXACT [EMAPA:17170]
synonym: "retina intraretinal space" EXACT [VHOG:0000534]
xref: EHDAA2:0000889
xref: EHDAA:4761
xref: EMAPA:16676
xref: EMAPA:17170
xref: VHOG:0000534
is_a: UBERON:0012467  ! enclosed anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina
property_value: external_definition "The space separating the outer pigment epithelium and the inner neural retina of the optic cup and of the retina. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006254
name: ischial cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000890
xref: EHDAA:9570
xref: EMAPA:26930
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006255 ! ischial pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006255
name: ischial pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000891
xref: EHDAA:7153
xref: EMAPA:18348
xref: VHOG:0000962
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006256
name: knee joint primordium
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000897
xref: EHDAA:8467
xref: EMAPA:17740
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003321 ! mesenchyme of knee

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006257
name: laryngotracheal groove
namespace: uberon
def: "a groove in the floor of the pharynx formed from the ventral diverticulum of endoderm that arises from the floor of the foregut caudal to the pharynx. This structure is the precursor for the larynx and trachea[WP,edited]." [Wikipedia:Laryngotracheal_groove, http://isc.temple.edu/marino/embryology/resp98/respdev.htm]
comment: Editor notes: Note we currently have pharynx as part of the upper respiratory tract - separate by development?
synonym: "laryngo-tracheal groove" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004073]
synonym: "laryngo-tracheal tube" RELATED [Wikipedia:Laryngotracheal_groove]
synonym: "laryngotracheal endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "sulcus laryngotrachealis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Laryngotracheal_groove]
xref: EHDAA2:0004073
xref: EHDAA:1005
xref: EMAPA:16739
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000909
xref: SCTID:361426003
xref: UMLS:C1283960
xref: VHOG:0001404
xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngotracheal_Tube
is_a: UBERON:0006846  ! groove
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract
property_value: homology_notes "Lung development begins with the appearance of the laryngotracheal groove, which is a small diverticulum that arises from the floor of the primitive pharynx at E9 in mouse and 4 wk in human.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006259
name: lens pit
namespace: uberon
def: "a pitlike depression in the ectoderm of the lens placode where the primordial lens is developing[TFD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lens+pit]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000981
xref: EHDAA:3809
xref: EMAPA:16799
xref: UMLS:C1517769
xref: VHOG:0000806
xref: ncithesaurus:Lens_Pit
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye
property_value: external_definition "A pitlike depression in the ectoderm of the lens placode where the primordial lens is developing. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006260
name: lingual swellings
namespace: uberon
comment: the collection consisting of the two lateral swellings and the medial swelling
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "lingual swelling" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000996]
xref: EHDAA2:0000996
xref: EMAPA:17186
xref: VHOG:0000449
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010188  ! protuberance
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010056 ! future tongue
property_value: external_definition "Primordium of the tongue; the median swelling and the distal and proximal swellings arise from the ventral aspect of the stomodeum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006261
name: male genital tubercle
namespace: uberon
def: "A differentiated genital tubercle that is part of a male reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "genital tubercle of male" EXACT [EMAPA:17969]
xref: EHDAA:8138
xref: EMAPA:17969
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001048
xref: VHOG:0000667
is_a: UBERON:0011757  ! differentiated genital tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004053 ! external male genitalia
intersection_of: UBERON:0011757  ! differentiated genital tubercle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006262
name: malleus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001055
xref: EHDAA:9026
xref: EMAPA:17826
xref: VHOG:0000958
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003107 ! Meckel's cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006263
name: Meckel's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: NC contributes in EHDAA2. Todo: use EHDAA2 structure
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001074
xref: EMAPA:17358
xref: VHOG:0001121
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003107 ! Meckel's cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006264
name: mouth-foregut junction
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical boundary that adjacent_to a mouth and adjacent_to a foregut." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA:534
xref: EMAPA:16258
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001205
xref: VHOG:0000592
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006265
name: mural trophectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Trophectoderm that surrounds blastocyst cavity." [PMID:16341078]
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "mural trophoblast" RELATED [VHOG:0000597]
xref: EHDAA2:0001206
xref: EHDAA:58
xref: EMAPA:16047
xref: VHOG:0000597
is_a: UBERON:0000478  ! extraembryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004345 ! trophectoderm
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000090 ! blastocele
property_value: external_definition "The part of the trophectoderm which surrounds the blastocoelic cavity. [See_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.10][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) the trophoblast develops rapidly so that contact may be made with the maternal uterine tissues when conditions are appropriate. We have here an excellent example of an embryonic adaptation, the development of a structure never present in either adult or embryo of 'lower' vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006266
name: nasolacrimal groove
namespace: uberon
def: "Groove between maxillary prominence and lateral nasal process." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_groove, http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/hnanim/face/face.html]
comment: On the nasal surface of the body of the maxilla, in front of the opening of the sinus is a deep groove, the lacrimal groove (or lacrimal sulcus), which is converted into the nasolacrimal canal, by the lacrimal bone and inferior nasal concha; this canal opens into the inferior meatus of the nose and transmits the nasolacrimal duct[WP] See also: oblique facial cleft
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "naso-lacrimal groove" EXACT [EMAPA:16679]
synonym: "s. lacrimalis maxillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_groove]
xref: EHDAA2:0001238
xref: EHDAA:4770
xref: EMAPA:16679
xref: UMLS:C1513875
xref: VHOG:0001307
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Gray163.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasolacrimal_Groove
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004807  ! respiratory system epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012313 ! 1st arch maxillary ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006267
name: notochordal plate
namespace: uberon
def: "The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord." [VHOG:0001212]
comment: TODO - check ordering; awaiting confirmation from JB
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001278
xref: EHDAA:264
xref: EMAPA:16101
xref: UMLS:C1518429
xref: VHOG:0001212
xref: ncithesaurus:Notochordal_Plate
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006268 ! notochordal process
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord. [Carson_JL, Dehart_DB, Developmental_Dynamics_(1994)_201:_260-278, Gesteland_K_and_Schoenwolf_GC, Inagaki_T, Morphogenesis_of_the_murine_node_and_notochordal_plate, The_prechordal_plate, Vrablic_T, see_Mueller_F_and_O'Rahilly_R, the_rostral_end_of_the_notochord_and_nearby_median_features_in_staged_human_embryos._Cells_Tissues_Organs_(2003)_173:_1-20_and_Sulik_K][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006268
name: notochordal process
namespace: uberon
def: "a midline cellular cord formed from the migration of mesenchymal cells from the primitive knot" [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/05embryonicperiod.htm]
comment: The notochordal process grows cranially until it reaches the prechordal plate, the future site of the mouth.  In this area the ectoderm is attached directly to the endoderm without intervening mesoderm.  This area is known as the oropharyngeal membrane, and it will break down to become the mouth.  At the other end of the primitive streak the ectoderm is also fused directly to the endoderm; this is known as the cloacal membrane (proctodeum), or primordial anus.
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "chordamesoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "presumptive notochord" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0001279
xref: EHDAA:224
xref: EMAPA:16102
xref: UMLS:C1518430
xref: VHOG:0001213
xref: ncithesaurus:Notochordal_Process
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006269
name: optic foramen
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001312
xref: EHDAA:10646
xref: EMAPA:18716
xref: VHOG:0001408
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
property_value: external_definition "An aperture in the root of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone transmitting the optic nerve. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006270
name: optic pit
namespace: uberon
def: "A small indentation in the central part of the optic placode." [VHOG:0001162]
synonym: "optic evagination" RELATED [EMAPA:16199]
synonym: "optic sulcus" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004433]
xref: EHDAA2:0004433
xref: EHDAA:944
xref: EMAPA:16199
xref: EMAPA:16325
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001316
xref: VHOG:0001162
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "A small indentation in the central part of the optic placode. [157-169, Mueller_F_and_ObRahilly_R, The_first_appearance_of_the_neural_tube_and_optic_primordium_in_the_human_embryo_at_stage_10._Anatomy_and_Embryology_(1985)_172][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles (reference 1); The first morphological sign of eye development in vertebrates is the bilateral evagination of diencephalon in the early neurula. In mammals, this is marked by the appearance of the optic pit, whereas in fish and amphibians a bulging of the optic primordia is observed. Continued evagination of the optic primordia leads to the formation of the optic vesicles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006271
name: orbital fissure
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001328
xref: EHDAA:10648
xref: EMAPA:18717
xref: SCTID:280546005
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006272
name: oronasal cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans, the oronasal membrane ruptures during the seventh week, producing a single, large oronasal cavity" [http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/martini10/chapter24/custom3/deluxe-content.html]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001331
xref: EHDAA:5882
xref: EMAPA:17200
xref: VHOG:0001352
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0009672 ! oronasal membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006273
name: otic pit
namespace: uberon
def: "The auditory pit, also known as the otic pit, is the first rudiment of the internal ear. It appears shortly after that of the eye, in the form of a patch of thickened ectoderm, the auditory plate, over the region of the hind-brain. The auditory plate becomes depressed and converted into the auditory pit (or otic pit)." [Wikipedia:Otic_pit]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001336
xref: EHDAA:929
xref: EMAPA:16536
xref: UMLS:C1518676
xref: VHOG:0001147
xref: ncithesaurus:Otic_Pit
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "A depression appearing in each otic placode, marking the beginnning of embryonic development of the internal ear. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006274
name: parietal bone primordium
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001404
xref: EHDAA:9544
xref: EMAPA:18019
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006275
name: pericardio-peritoneal canal
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "pericardio-peritoneal channel" RELATED [VHOG:0001498]
xref: EHDAA2:0001440
xref: EHDAA:636
xref: EMAPA:16282
xref: SCTID:361428002
xref: UMLS:C1283967
xref: VHOG:0001498
xref: ncithesaurus:Pericardioperitoneal_Canal
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003887 ! intraembryonic coelom
property_value: external_definition "Each of the canal that connects the pericardial cavity with the peritoneal cavity and becomes a pleural cavity. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.42, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006276
name: perioptic mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA:4751
xref: EMAPA:17167
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001444
is_a: UBERON:0010312  ! immature eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006277
name: pleuropericardial canals
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "pleuropericardial canal" EXACT [VHOG:0001497]
synonym: "pleuropericardial channel" RELATED [VHOG:0001497]
xref: EHDAA2:0001479
xref: EHDAA:4122
xref: EMAPA:17704
xref: VHOG:0001497
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006278
name: pleuropericardial folds
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "pleuropericardial membranes" RELATED [VHOG:0001499]
xref: EHDAA2:0001480
xref: EHDAA:4126
xref: EMAPA:17706
xref: VHOG:0001499
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "Each of the folds that grow out from the lateral part of the body wall. They fuse and meet with the dorsal and ventral mesentery of the foregut, separating the pleural cavities from the pericardial cavity. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.43-46, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006279
name: pleuroperitoneal canal
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "pleuroperitoneal channel" RELATED [VHOG:0001505]
xref: EHDAA2:0001481
xref: EHDAA:4128
xref: EMAPA:17707
xref: EMAPA:25031
xref: SCTID:361413002
xref: VHOG:0001505
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: external_definition "Each of the canal that links the peritoneal cavity and the caudal part of a pleural cavity. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.46, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006281
name: pre-hepatic part
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: was obsoleted as it had no definition and the name was unclear. May refer to part of inferior vena cava or pre-hepatic portal vein FMA:71904
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001492

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006282
name: primary head vein
namespace: uberon
comment: early vein that gives rise to various sinuses
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001498
xref: EHDAA:818
xref: EMAPA:16242
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009141 ! craniocervical region vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006283
name: primitive ventricle of heart
namespace: uberon
def: "The embryonic ventricle or primitive ventricle of the developing heart gives rise to the trabeculated parts of the left and right ventricles. In contrast, the smooth parts of the left and right ventricles originate from the embryological bulbus cordis. The primitive ventricle becomes divided by a septum, the septum inferius or ventricular septum, which grows upward from the lower part of the ventricle, its position being indicated on the surface of the heart by a furrow. Its dorsal part increases more rapidly than its ventral portion, and fuses with the dorsal part of the septum intermedium. For a time an interventricular foramen exists above its ventral portion, but this foramen is ultimately closed by the fusion of the aortic septum with the ventricular septum." [Wikipedia:Embryonic_ventricle]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "early heart ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "embryonic heart ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "embryonic ventricle" BROAD []
synonym: "future heart ventricle" EXACT []
synonym: "primitive ventricle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001531]
xref: EHDAA2:0001531
xref: EMAPA:16233
xref: EMAPA:16350
xref: SCTID:361524003
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005498 ! primitive heart tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006284
name: early prosencephalic vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "future brain vesicle that gives rise to telencephalic ventricle/lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "forebrain ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644]
synonym: "forebrain vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644]
synonym: "prosencephalic ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644]
synonym: "prosencephalic vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001571]
xref: EHDAA2:0001571
xref: EHDAA:1356
xref: EMAPA:16521
xref: SCTID:361480006
xref: TAO:0001259
xref: VHOG:0000644
xref: ZFA:0001259
is_a: UBERON:0013150  ! future brain vesicle
relationship: located_in UBERON:0006240 ! future forebrain
property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006285
name: pubic pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001574
xref: EHDAA:9572
xref: EMAPA:18349
xref: EMAPA:26928
xref: VHOG:0000965
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006286
name: radius cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a radius bone." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001585
xref: EHDAA:7267
xref: EMAPA:18054
xref: VHOG:0001318
is_a: UBERON:0003327  ! mesenchyme of forearm
is_a: UBERON:0010883  ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006287
name: radius-ulna pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: EMAPA has a separate radius-ulna cartilage condensation.
xref: EHDAA2:0001587
xref: EHDAA:4178
xref: EMAPA:17420
xref: VHOG:0000949
is_a: UBERON:0003327  ! mesenchyme of forearm
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006288
name: rib cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001716
xref: EHDAA:8347
xref: EMAPA:17678
xref: VHOG:0001122
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006289 ! rib pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006289
name: rib pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001717
xref: EHDAA:6026
xref: EMAPA:17397
xref: VHOG:0000681
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006290
name: scapula cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001777
xref: EHDAA:8368
xref: EMAPA:18343
xref: VHOG:0001125
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006291 ! scapula pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006849 ! scapula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006291
name: scapula pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: the scapula has been shown to develop from multiple tissues, such as the dermomyotome of the somites, the mesodermal portion of the soma- topleure (a domain of the lateral plate mesoderm or LPM) and neural crest cell-derived mesenchyme (Huang et al., 2000; Matsuoka et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2005).[PMID:21455939]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001778
xref: EHDAA:6041
xref: EMAPA:18027
xref: VHOG:0000960
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 ! body-wall mesenchyme
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006849 ! scapula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006292
name: shoulder joint primordium
namespace: uberon
comment: Note that this is part of the forelimb skeleton in EHDAA2, but this violates part-disjointness
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001836
xref: EHDAA:8493
xref: EMAPA:17712
is_a: UBERON:0003322  ! mesenchyme of shoulder
is_a: UBERON:0005856  ! developing mesenchymal condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003322 ! mesenchyme of shoulder
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001470 ! glenohumeral joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003322 ! mesenchyme of shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006293
name: spleen primordium
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0009750
def: "A dense syncitial-like mesenchymal thickening in the dorsal mesogastrium[ISBN]. the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing spleen[MP]." [ISBN:0123747295, MP:0011263]
comment: AO notes: check difference between splenic and spleen in EMAPA; note that in EHDAA2 the class 'spleen' refers to the mesenchyme
synonym: "left spleen primordium" NARROW [XAO:0000326]
synonym: "spleen mesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0011263]
synonym: "splenic mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "splenic primordium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001904]
xref: EHDAA2:0001904
xref: EHDAA:3003
xref: EMAPA:18535
xref: EMAPA:18659
xref: XAO:0000326
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005602 ! dorsal mesogastrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006294
name: stapes pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
comment: independent of the mesenchymal condensation that will form the otic capsule
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "stapedial anlage" EXACT [doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00441.x]
xref: EHDAA2:0001910
xref: EHDAA:5699
xref: EMAPA:17827
xref: VHOG:0000956
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0009506  ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006295
name: sternebral bone pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001912
xref: EHDAA:9565
xref: EMAPA:18345
xref: VHOG:0000961
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 ! body-wall mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006296
name: subcardinal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "a vein in the mammalian embryo or the adult of some lower vertebrates that is located on each side of the abdominal region ventromedial to the mesonephros and that in mammals participates in the formation of the inferior vena cava and the renal vein" [ISBN10:0073040584, http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/subcardinal%20vein]
comment: TBD: part of cardinal system?
xref: EHDAA:2631
xref: EMAPA:16829
xref: SCTID:308830006
xref: UMLS:C0231088
xref: VHOG:0001336
xref: ncithesaurus:Subcardinal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006297
name: sublingual gland primordium
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001935
xref: EHDAA:7989
xref: EMAPA:17752
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006298
name: submandibular gland primordium
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001939
xref: EHDAA:9255
xref: EMAPA:17755
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006300
name: supracardinal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Either of two veins in the mammalian embryo and various adult lower vertebrate forms located in the thoracic and abdominal regions dorsolateral to and on either side of the descending aorta and giving rise to the azygos and hemiazygos veins and a part of the inferior vena cava[MW]. These veins drain the body wall via the segmental intercostal veins, thus taking over the function of the posterior cardinals[ISBN]" [ISBN-10:0443065837, http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/supracardinal%20vein]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001964
xref: EHDAA:7492
xref: EMAPA:16830
xref: SCTID:308829001
xref: UMLS:C0231090
xref: ncithesaurus:Supracardinal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0013140  ! systemic vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006301
name: telencephalic part of interventricular foramen
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001980
xref: EHDAA:5474
xref: EMAPA:16654
xref: EMAPA:16915
xref: VHOG:0000809
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003993 ! interventricular foramen of CNS

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006303
name: tracheal diverticulum
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EMAPA:16740
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002072
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006304
name: trigeminal V preganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA:924
xref: EMAPA:16663
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002089
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006305
name: tunica vasculosa lentis
namespace: uberon
def: "an extensive capillary network, spreading over the posterior and lateral surfaces of the lens of the eye. It disappears shortly after birth." [Wikipedia:Tunica_vasculosa_lentis]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0002097
xref: EHDAA:5705
xref: EMAPA:18235
xref: VHOG:0000978
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005607 ! hyaloid vascular plexus
property_value: homology_notes "Soon after it forms, the mammalian lens becomes invested with a network of capillaries. (...) The capillary network on the posterior of the lens is the tunica vasculosa lentis (TVL).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006306
name: ulna cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a ulna." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002098
xref: EHDAA:7269
xref: EMAPA:18055
xref: VHOG:0001155
is_a: UBERON:0003327  ! mesenchyme of forearm
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0010883  ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001424 ! ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006307
name: urogenital membrane
namespace: uberon
comment: During the 7th week the urorectal septum divides the cloacal membrane into a urogenital membrane (ventrally) and an anal membrane (dorsally) [http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/ugenital/genitexterne01.html]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0004025
xref: EHDAA:7011
xref: EMAPA:17210
xref: EMAPA:17378
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002141
xref: SCTID:172994001
xref: VHOG:0001187
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006217 ! cloacal membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004122 ! genitourinary system
property_value: external_definition "Ventral part of the cloacal membrane separating the gut from the fetus external environment. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006308
name: vagal X nerve trunk
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0002160
xref: EHDAA:4659
xref: EMAPA:17272
xref: VHOG:0000736
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002464  ! nerve trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004293 ! parasympathetic nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006309
name: venous vitelline plexus
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA:1945
xref: EMAPA:17020
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002172
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006310
name: vitelline venous plexus
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0002210
xref: EHDAA:1945
xref: EMAPA:17020
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006311
name: chamber of eyeball
namespace: uberon
def: "Chamber of eyeball[FMA]" [FMA:58071]
synonym: "eye chamber" EXACT [MA:0002459]
synonym: "eyeball chamber" EXACT [FMA:58071]
xref: BTO:0002085
xref: FMA:58071
xref: MA:0002459
xref: SCTID:280540004
xref: UMLS:C0459556
xref: ncithesaurus:Chamber_of_the_Eye
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006312
name: ocular refractive media
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001911
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006314
name: bodily fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not." [MESH:A12.207, Wikipedia:Body_fluid]
comment: consider merging with parent class
synonym: "body fluid" EXACT [GAID:266]
xref: GAID:266
xref: MESH:A12.207
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20
xref: galen:BodyFluid
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006318
name: orbitalis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "An orbitalis muscle is a rudimentary nonstriated muscle (smooth muscle) that crosses from the infraorbital groove and sphenomaxillary fissure and intimately united with the periosteum of the orbit. It is often called Muller's muscle. One characteristic of Horner's Syndrome is enophthalmos (retraction of the eyeball into the orbit due to paralysis of the orbitalis muscle that spans the inferior orbital fissure). Its function is eyeball protrusion." [Wikipedia:Orbitalis_muscle]
comment: subclass of 'muscle layer' in FMA
synonym: "musculus orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:49034, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Orbitalis_muscle]
synonym: "orbital muscle" EXACT [FMA:49034]
synonym: "orbital muscle of muller" EXACT [FMA:49034]
synonym: "orbitalis" EXACT [FMA:49034, Wikipedia:Orbitalis_muscle]
xref: FMA:49034
xref: MA:0001274
xref: SCTID:368790005
xref: UMLS:C0229105
xref: ncithesaurus:Orbitalis_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003660  ! eyelid muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004277  ! eye muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006319
name: spinal cord reticular nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "spinal reticular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:73909]
xref: FMA:73909
xref: MA:0001123
is_a: UBERON:0002315  ! gray matter of spinal cord
is_a: UBERON:0011777  ! nucleus of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006320
name: inferior oblique extraocular muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "thin, narrow muscle placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the orbit." [Wikipedia:Inferior_oblique_muscle]
comment: Taxon notes (via VHOG): \"The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.\" Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.331
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "inferior oblique" EXACT [FMA:49040]
synonym: "inferior oblique muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus obliquus inferior bulbi" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus inferior" EXACT [FMA:49040]
synonym: "obliquus oculi inferior" EXACT [Wikipedia:Inferior_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "ventral oblique extraocular muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0001132]
synonym: "ventral oblique extraocular muscles" RELATED [VHOG:0001132]
xref: FMA:49040
xref: MA:0001276
xref: SCTID:181156006
xref: TAO:0000861
xref: UMLS:C0582817
xref: VHOG:0001132
xref: ZFA:0000861
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Oblique_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006532  ! oblique extraocular muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001603 ! lateral rectus extra-ocular muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001643 ! oculomotor nerve
property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006321
name: superior oblique extraocular muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior oblique muscle, or obliquus oculi superior, is a fusiform muscle in the upper, medial side of the orbit whose primary action is downward, lateral rotation of the eye. One of the extraocular muscles, the superior oblique is the only muscle innervated by the trochlear nerve (the fourth cranial nerve)." [Wikipedia:Superior_oblique_muscle]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "M. obliquus superior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "dorsal oblique extraocular muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0001131]
synonym: "dorsal oblique extraocular muscles" RELATED [VHOG:0001131]
synonym: "musculus obliquus superior" EXACT [AAO:0010119]
synonym: "musculus obliquus superior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus oculi superior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_oblique_muscle]
synonym: "obliquus superior" EXACT [FMA:49039]
synonym: "superior oblique" EXACT [FMA:49039]
synonym: "superior oblique muscle" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010119
xref: FMA:49039
xref: MA:0001277
xref: SCTID:181155005
xref: TAO:0000738
xref: UMLS:C0582816
xref: VHOG:0001131
xref: ZFA:0000738
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Oblique_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006532  ! oblique extraocular muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010230 ! eyeball of camera-type eye
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001644 ! trochlear nerve
property_value: external_definition "Cranial nerve IV innervated; dorsal in the obliquus group.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006322
name: inferior rectus extraocular muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a muscle in the orbit that depresses, adducts, and helps extort (rotate laterally) the eye. The inferior rectus muscle is the only muscle that is capable of depressing the pupil when it is in a fully abducted position." [Wikipedia:Inferior_rectus_muscle]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "inferior rectus" EXACT [FMA:49036]
synonym: "inferior rectus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus rectus inferior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_rectus_muscle]
synonym: "ventral recti" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000457]
synonym: "ventral rectus" RELATED [TAO:0000457]
synonym: "ventral rectus extraocular muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0001130]
xref: FMA:49036
xref: MA:0001279
xref: SCTID:181154009
xref: TAO:0000457
xref: UMLS:C0582819
xref: VHOG:0001130
xref: ZFA:0000457
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Rectus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006533  ! rectus extraocular muscle
property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006323
name: superior rectus extraocular muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. It is one of the extraocular muscles. It is innervated by the superior division of the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III). In the primary position (looking straight ahead), the superior rectus muscle's primary function is elevation, although it also contributes to intorsion and adduction." [Wikipedia:Superior_rectus_muscle]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dorsal rectus" RELATED [TAO:0000345]
synonym: "dorsal rectus extraocular muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0001128]
synonym: "musculus rectus superior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_rectus_muscle]
synonym: "superior rectus" EXACT [FMA:49035]
synonym: "superior rectus muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:49035
xref: MA:0001282
xref: SCTID:181153003
xref: TAO:0000345
xref: UMLS:C0582818
xref: VHOG:0001128
xref: ZFA:0000345
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Rectus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006533  ! rectus extraocular muscle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001643 ! oculomotor nerve
property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006325
name: laryngeal intrinsic ligament
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intrinsic ligament of larynx" EXACT [FMA:72058]
xref: FMA:72058
xref: MA:0001757
xref: SCTID:279557001
is_a: UBERON:0001743  ! ligament of larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006326
name: base of arytenoid
namespace: uberon
synonym: "arytenoid cartilage base" EXACT [FMA:55349]
synonym: "base of arytenoid" EXACT [FMA:55349]
synonym: "base of arytenoid cartilage" EXACT [FMA:55349]
xref: FMA:55349
xref: MA:0001761
xref: SCTID:279532006
is_a: UBERON:0001994  ! hyaline cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003406  ! cartilage of respiratory system
is_a: UBERON:0003583  ! larynx connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006327
name: laryngeal extrinsic muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "extrinsic muscle of larynx" EXACT [FMA:55225]
xref: FMA:55225
xref: MA:0001769
xref: SCTID:244808004
is_a: UBERON:0001568  ! muscle of larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006328
name: laryngeal intrinsic muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intrinsic laryneal muscles" RELATED [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "intrinsic laryngeal muscle" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "intrinsic muscle of larynx" EXACT [FMA:55226]
xref: FMA:55226
xref: MA:0001770
xref: SCTID:244810002
is_a: UBERON:0001568  ! muscle of larynx
property_value: external_definition "each muscle listed separately.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006329
name: superior pharyngeal constrictor
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is a quadrilateral muscle, thinner and paler than the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "constrictor muscle of pharynx superior" EXACT [FMA:46621]
synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46621, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Superior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "superior constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46621]
synonym: "superior constrictor muscle" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Superior_Constrictor_Muscle]
synonym: "superior constrictor of pharynx" EXACT [FMA:46621]
synonym: "superior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46621]
xref: EMAPA:18966
xref: FMA:46621
xref: MA:0002280
xref: SCTID:244800006
xref: UMLS:C1515063
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Musculusconstrictorpharyngissuperior.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Constrictor_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001569  ! constrictor muscle of pharynx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004527 ! alveolar process of maxilla
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
property_value: external_definition "The superior constrictor is a muscle that is an integral part of the pharyngeal tube that is attached to the mandible, pterygomandibular raphe, basioccipital bone, pterygoid process and midline raphe and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X via the pharyngeal plexus.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006330
name: anterior lingual gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Anterior lingual glands (also called apical glands) are deeply placed seromucous glands that are located near the tip of the tongue on each side of the frenulum linguae. They are found on the under surface of the apex of the tongue, and are covered by a bundle of muscular fibers derived from the Styloglossus and Longitudinalis inferior." [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands]
synonym: "Bauhin's glands:" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands]
synonym: "Blandin's glands:" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands]
synonym: "Nuhn's glands:" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands]
synonym: "anterior lingual salivary gland" EXACT [FMA:59796]
synonym: "lingual salivary gland" EXACT [FMA:59796]
xref: FMA:59796
xref: MA:0002701
xref: SCTID:362179003
xref: UMLS:C0930558
xref: ncithesaurus:Lingual_Salivary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001830  ! minor salivary gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006331
name: brainstem nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a brainstem." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000821
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006332
name: nasal capsule
namespace: uberon
def: "an embryonic cartilaginous frame, the nasal capsule, an evolutionary-conserved structure composed of ventral and dorsal components: the mesethmoid and ectethmoid cartilages, respectively.[PMID]." [PMID:21270050]
comment: Taxon notes: In most mammals, the nasal capsule remains unossified, except in mammals where the ethmoid portion ossifies to form the turbinates[Kardong]. In avians, the mesethmoid supports upper beak formation, whereas the ectethmoid comprises elements of the olfactory system, including the lamina cribosa, the crista galli apophysis and the conchae. Editor's note - consider splitting this class. Developing cartilage in mammals? Connective tissue sheath in TAO. Structure that has both respiratory and olfactory functions and lies anterior to the braincase, in the foremost section of the cranium[AAO]. Cartilaginous envelope containing the nasal organ[FishBase] Multi-tissue structure composed of connective tissue that surrounds, the internal portions of the olfactory epithelium[ZFA]. Avian def: The nasal capsule is dorsoventrally divided into two parts: the upper part, the ectethmoid, serves olfaction and is composed of the lamina cribosa, the crista galli apophysis and the conchae. The lower part, the mesethmoid, is a thick cartilage bar extending from the corpus sphenoidalis to the rostral extremity of the nose (Fig. 1A-Bt0). In the avian embryo, the mesethmoid constitutes the cartilage primordium of the upper beak
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cartilaginous nasal capsule" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000313
xref: EMAPA:17852
xref: MA:0000283
xref: TAO:0002035
xref: ZFA:0005507
is_a: UBERON:0001823  ! nasal cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
property_value: external_comment "Development information from Brian Hall, Bones and Cartilage: Developmental Skeletal Biology.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure that is the connective tissue sheath that surrounds, except for external opening(s) in adult, the olfactory epithelium.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Structure that has both respiratory and olfactory functions and lies anterior to the braincase, in the foremost section of the cranium.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006333
name: snout
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Snout]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "muzzle" RELATED [MA:0001910]
xref: MA:0001910
xref: SCTID:41127006
xref: TAO:0001712
xref: ZFA:0005496
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is the region of the head in front of and between the orbits, and above the lower jaw. Nares are located on the snout[ZFA]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006334
name: posterior lateral line
namespace: uberon
def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/lat_line/lat_line.html'>lateral line</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFA:0000944]
comment: check XAO/AAO
subset: dubious_grouping  ! Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked
synonym: "pll" EXACT [ZFA:0000944]
xref: AAO:0011024
xref: EFO:0003595
xref: TAO:0000944
xref: XAO:0000465
xref: ZFA:0000944
is_a: UBERON:0010202  ! lateral line
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from posterior lateral line primordium (TAO:0001157)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of posterior lateral line system (TAO:0001471)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006336
name: obsolete unspecified
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006337
name: distal early tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the proximal straight tubule." [ZFA:0005293]
comment: in XAO this is pronephric; in ZFA it is an adult structure. we treat it here as generic. consider placing XAO under proneprhic subclass. check relationship with EDCT.
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: AAO:0011034
xref: EMAPA:27788
xref: EMAPA:28007
xref: EMAPA:28390
xref: TAO:0005293
xref: XAO:0000287
xref: ZFA:0005293
is_a: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule
property_value: external_definition "Portion of the pronephric tubule that is immediately posterior to the late proximal tubule.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006338
name: lateral ventricle choroid plexus stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a lateral ventricle." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: editors note: definitions should be fixed to use generic stroma class
xref: MA:0000963
is_a: UBERON:0005206  ! choroid plexus stroma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002307 ! choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005206  ! choroid plexus stroma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006339
name: third ventricle choroid plexus stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a third ventricle." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000881
is_a: UBERON:0005206  ! choroid plexus stroma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002288 ! choroid plexus of third ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005206  ! choroid plexus stroma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006340
name: fourth ventricle choroid plexus stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a fourth ventricle." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000985
is_a: UBERON:0005206  ! choroid plexus stroma
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002290 ! choroid plexus of fourth ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005206  ! choroid plexus stroma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006341
name: outer renal medulla peritubular capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "A peritubular capillary that is part of a outer medulla of kidney." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney outer medulla peritubular capillary" EXACT [MA:0002589]
xref: MA:0002589
is_a: UBERON:0005272  ! peritubular capillary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0005272  ! peritubular capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006342
name: left subhepatic recess
namespace: uberon
comment: Compare with lesser sac / omental bursa and its cavities / recesses
synonym: "left hepatic recess" EXACT [MA:0000444]
xref: EMAPA:18047
xref: FMA:20677
xref: MA:0000444
is_a: UBERON:0005252  ! omental bursa cavity
is_a: UBERON:0006442  ! subhepatic recess
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005252 ! omental bursa cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006343
name: right subhepatic recess
namespace: uberon
def: "The hepatorenal recess or subhepatic recess is the space that separates the liver from the right kidney. As a potential space, the recess is not filled with fluid under normal conditions. However, fluid can collect in this space in circumstances where the abdomen fills with fluid, such as hemoperitoneum. This fluid may be seen on ultrasound or computed tomography (CT scan)." [Wikipedia:Hepatorenal_recess_of_subhepatic_space]
synonym: "Morison pouch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hepatorenal_recess_of_subhepatic_space]
synonym: "Morison's pouch" EXACT [FMA:14715, Wikipedia:Hepatorenal_recess_of_subhepatic_space]
synonym: "hepatorenal fossa" EXACT [FMA:14715]
synonym: "hepatorenal recess" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hepatorenal_recess_of_subhepatic_space]
synonym: "hepatorenal recess of subhepatic space" EXACT [FMA:14715]
synonym: "pouch of Morison" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hepatorenal_recess_of_subhepatic_space]
synonym: "pouch of Morrison" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hepatorenal_recess_of_subhepatic_space]
synonym: "recessus hepatorenalis" EXACT [FMA:14715]
synonym: "recessus hepatorenalis recessi subhepatici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "right hepatic recess" EXACT [MA:0000450]
synonym: "right posterior subphrenic space" EXACT [FMA:14715]
synonym: "right subhepatic space" EXACT [FMA:14715]
xref: EMAPA:18050
xref: FMA:14715
xref: MA:0000450
is_a: UBERON:0006442  ! subhepatic recess

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006345
name: stapedial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "A small artery that passes through the ring of the stapes; while the stapedial artery is a temporary artery thought to disappear at late embryonic stage in humans, the mouse stapedial artery is complete by E13 and persists into adulthood[MP]." [MP:0004665]
synonym: "stapedial" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001908]
synonym: "stapedial artery temporary" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001908]
xref: EHDAA2:0001908
xref: EMAPA:17313
xref: MA:0002044
xref: SCTID:361518009
xref: UMLS:C1284048
xref: ncithesaurus:Stapedial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003119 ! aortic arch 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006347
name: communicating artery
namespace: uberon
comment: Grouping for anterior and posterior
xref: EMAPA:18598
xref: MA:0001938
xref: UMLS:C1707451
xref: ncithesaurus:Communicating_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006349
name: epigastric artery
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18750
xref: MA:0001948
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.330
xref: SCTID:261400009
xref: UMLS:C0282640
xref: ncithesaurus:Epigastric_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006351
name: principal vein of forelimb
namespace: uberon
def: "A prinicipal vein of limb that is part of a forelimb." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17018
xref: MA:0002199
is_a: UBERON:0003515  ! forelimb blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0006443  ! prinicipal vein of limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0006443  ! prinicipal vein of limb
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006353
name: principal vein of hindlimb
namespace: uberon
def: "A prinicipal vein of limb that is part of a hindlimb." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:17019
xref: MA:0002200
is_a: UBERON:0003516  ! hindlimb blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0006443  ! prinicipal vein of limb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0006443  ! prinicipal vein of limb
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006355
name: superior vesical vein
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18646
xref: MA:0002227
is_a: UBERON:0002460  ! vesical vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006356
name: epigastric vein
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18759
xref: MA:0002114
xref: UMLS:C1707930
xref: ncithesaurus:Epigastric_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006358
name: vasa hyaloidea propria
namespace: uberon
def: "The vasa hyaloidea propria and tunica vasculosa lentis are small branches of the hyaloid artery which fill the primary vitreous" []
xref: EMAPA:18236
xref: MA:0001285
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005607 ! hyaloid vascular plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006359
name: mesoduodenum
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:17183
xref: EMAPA:17198
xref: EMAPA:19082
xref: MA:0001556
is_a: UBERON:0001170  ! mesentery of small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006360
name: intermolar eminence
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18273
xref: EMAPA:18876
xref: MA:0001590
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006364
name: ureteric bud tip
namespace: uberon
def: "The terminal end of the ureteric tree; the ureteric tip cells are proliferating immature cells located at the branching points that induce the adjacent cap mesenchyme to undergo nephrogenesis." [MP:0011760, http://www.gudmap.org/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/Ureteric_tip.html]
comment: Editor note: MA placement to be checked
synonym: "ureteric ampulla" RELATED [MP:0011760]
synonym: "ureteric bud ampulla" RELATED [MP:0011760]
xref: EMAPA:27605
xref: EMAPA:27625
xref: EMAPA:27694
xref: EMAPA:27749
xref: MA:0002601
xref: http://www.gudmap.org/Images/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/Slide10.png
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006373
name: perihilar interstitium
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:28083
xref: MA:0002618
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005215 ! kidney interstitium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006374
name: part of afferent arteriole forming the juxtaglomerular complex
namespace: uberon
synonym: "part of afferent arteriole forming juxtaglomerular complex" EXACT [MA:0002580]
synonym: "renin-producing cells" RELATED [MA:0002580]
xref: EMAPA:28269
xref: MA:0002580
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002303 ! juxtaglomerular apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004639 ! afferent arteriole

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006376
name: premacula segment of distal straight tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "." [PMID:14595018, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3123600&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
synonym: "distal straight tubule premacula segment" EXACT [MA:0002628]
synonym: "kidney medulla loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "renal medulla loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "renal medulla thick ascending limb" EXACT [MA:th]
xref: EMAPA:28331
xref: EMAPA:29683
xref: EMAPA:31379
xref: MA:0002628
is_a: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0008408  ! distal tubular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001291 ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006541 ! outer medulla inner stripe loop of henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006542 ! outer medulla outer stripe loop of henle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006377
name: remnant of Rathke's pouch
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hypophyseal cleft" RELATED [MA:0000857]
xref: EMAPA:17518
xref: MA:0000857
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005356 ! Rathke's pouch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006428
name: basisphenoid bone
namespace: uberon
comment: \"Endochondral ossification of the ventromedial portion of the braincase.\" [AAO:0000040] // \"An endochondral bone that is located ventral to the pterosphenoid and dorsal to the parasphenoid. Basisphenoid is a median bone that is usually Y-shaped.\" [TAO:0000169]
synonym: "basisphcC)nocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000169]
synonym: "basisphenoid" EXACT [AAO:0000040]
synonym: "propituital@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000169]
xref: AAO:0000040
xref: EMAPA:18706
xref: MA:0001463
xref: SCTID:95945003
xref: TAO:0000169
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009194 ! basisphenoid cartilage condenstion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "An endochondral bone that is located ventral to the pterosphenoid and dorsal to the parasphenoid. Basisphenoid is a median bone that is usually Y-shaped.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral ossification of the ventromedial portion of the braincase.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006430
name: xiphoid cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "A costal cartilage that is part of a xiphoid process." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "cartilage of xiphoid process" EXACT [FMA:32574]
synonym: "ensiform cartilage" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
synonym: "xiphoid cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "xiphoid process cartilage" EXACT [FMA:32574]
xref: AAO:0000940
xref: EMAPA:18725
xref: FMA:32574
xref: MA:0001884
is_a: UBERON:0000398  ! cartilage tissue of sternum
is_a: UBERON:0002236  ! costal cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process
intersection_of: UBERON:0002236  ! costal cartilage
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process
property_value: external_definition "Distal, cartilaginous portion of the sternum.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006431
name: xiphoid process bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone tissue that is part of a xiphoid process." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone tissue of xiphoid process" EXACT [FMA:32577]
synonym: "xiphoid bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process]
xref: FMA:32577
xref: GAID:248
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003837  ! thoracic segment connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process
intersection_of: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006436
name: principal artery to forelimb
namespace: uberon
synonym: "7th cervical intersegmental artery" RELATED [EMAPA:16811]
synonym: "axial artery of forelimb" RELATED [EMAPA:16811]
xref: EMAPA:16811
xref: MA:0002024
is_a: UBERON:0007718  ! principal artery to limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006438
name: principal artery to hindlimb
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:16812
xref: MA:0002025
is_a: UBERON:0007718  ! principal artery to limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006442
name: subhepatic recess
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hepatic recess" EXACT []
synonym: "subhepatic space" EXACT [FMA:20676]
xref: FMA:20676
xref: SCTID:36051002
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006443
name: prinicipal vein of limb
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003514  ! limb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006444
name: annulus fibrosus
namespace: uberon
def: "A ring of fibrous or fibrocartilaginous tissue (as of an intervertebral disk or surrounding an orifice of the heart)." [BTO:0003627]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "anulus fibrosus" EXACT [FMA:76704]
synonym: "fibrous ring" RELATED [BTO:0003627]
xref: BTO:0003627
xref: FMA:76704
is_a: UBERON:0001995  ! fibrocartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006447
name: fifth lumbar spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "L5 segment" EXACT [FMA:71191]
synonym: "L5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1251]
synonym: "fifth lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1251]
xref: FMA:71191
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1251
xref: SCTID:278775008
is_a: UBERON:0007716  ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006448
name: first lumbar spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "L1 segment" EXACT [FMA:71187]
synonym: "L1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1336]
synonym: "first lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1336]
xref: FMA:71187
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1336
xref: SCTID:278776009
is_a: UBERON:0007716  ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006449
name: third lumbar spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "L3 segment" EXACT [FMA:71189]
synonym: "L3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1340]
synonym: "third lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1340]
xref: FMA:71189
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1340
xref: SCTID:278778005
is_a: UBERON:0007716  ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006450
name: second lumbar spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "L2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1345]
synonym: "l2 segment" EXACT [FMA:71188]
synonym: "second lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1345]
xref: FMA:71188
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1345
xref: SCTID:278777000
is_a: UBERON:0007716  ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006451
name: fourth lumbar spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "L4 segment" EXACT [FMA:71190]
synonym: "L4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1352]
xref: FMA:71190
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1352
xref: SCTID:278779002
is_a: UBERON:0007716  ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006452
name: fourth thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T4 segment" EXACT [FMA:71170]
synonym: "T4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1378]
xref: FMA:71170
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1378
xref: SCTID:278766006
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006453
name: fifth thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1383]
synonym: "fifth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1383]
synonym: "t5 segment" EXACT [FMA:71171]
xref: FMA:71171
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1383
xref: SCTID:278767002
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006454
name: sixth thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T6 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1387]
synonym: "sixth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1387]
synonym: "t6 segment" EXACT [FMA:71172]
xref: FMA:71172
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1387
xref: SCTID:278768007
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006455
name: seventh thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T7 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1392]
synonym: "seventh thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1392]
synonym: "t7 segment" EXACT [FMA:71173]
xref: FMA:71173
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1392
xref: SCTID:278769004
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006456
name: eighth thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T8 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1398]
synonym: "eighth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1398]
synonym: "t8 segment" EXACT [FMA:71174]
xref: FMA:71174
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1398
xref: SCTID:278770003
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006457
name: first thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1452]
synonym: "first thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1452]
synonym: "t1 segment" EXACT [FMA:62421]
xref: FMA:62421
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1452
xref: SCTID:278762008
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006458
name: second thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1454]
synonym: "second thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1454]
synonym: "t2 segment" EXACT [FMA:62422]
xref: FMA:62422
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1454
xref: SCTID:278763003
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006459
name: third thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1458]
synonym: "t3 segment" EXACT [FMA:71169]
synonym: "third thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1458]
xref: FMA:71169
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1458
xref: SCTID:278764009
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006460
name: first sacral spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "S1 segment" EXACT [FMA:256625]
synonym: "S1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1532]
synonym: "first sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1532]
xref: FMA:256625
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1532
xref: SCTID:278780004
is_a: UBERON:0007717  ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006461
name: second sacral spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "S2 segment" EXACT [FMA:256627]
synonym: "S2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1539]
synonym: "second sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1539]
xref: FMA:256627
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1539
xref: SCTID:278781000
is_a: UBERON:0007717  ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006462
name: third sacral spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "S3 segment" EXACT [FMA:256629]
synonym: "S3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1544]
synonym: "third sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1544]
xref: FMA:256629
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1544
xref: SCTID:278782007
is_a: UBERON:0007717  ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006463
name: fourth sacral spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "S4 segment" EXACT [FMA:256631]
synonym: "S4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1548]
xref: FMA:256631
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1548
xref: SCTID:278783002
is_a: UBERON:0007717  ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006464
name: fifth sacral spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "S5 segment" EXACT [FMA:256633]
synonym: "S5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1553]
synonym: "fifth sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1553]
xref: FMA:256633
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1553
xref: SCTID:278784008
is_a: UBERON:0007717  ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006465
name: ninth thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T9 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1584]
synonym: "ninth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1584]
synonym: "t9 segment" EXACT [FMA:71175]
xref: FMA:71175
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1584
xref: SCTID:278771004
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006466
name: tenth thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T10 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1591]
synonym: "t10 segment" EXACT [FMA:71176]
synonym: "tenth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1591]
xref: FMA:71176
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1591
xref: SCTID:278772006
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006467
name: eleventh thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T11 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1596]
synonym: "eleventh thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1596]
synonym: "t11 segment" EXACT [FMA:71177]
xref: FMA:71177
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1596
xref: SCTID:278773001
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006468
name: twelfth thoracic spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "T12 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1598]
synonym: "t12 segment" EXACT [FMA:71178]
synonym: "twelfth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1598]
xref: FMA:71178
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1598
xref: SCTID:278774007
is_a: UBERON:0007715  ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006469
name: first cervical spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "C1 segment" EXACT [FMA:71179]
synonym: "C1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1694]
synonym: "first cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1694]
xref: FMA:71179
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1694
xref: SCTID:278754000
is_a: UBERON:0007714  ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006470
name: eighth cervical spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "C8 segment" EXACT [FMA:71186]
synonym: "C8 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1696]
synonym: "eighth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1696]
xref: FMA:71186
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1696
xref: SCTID:278761001
is_a: UBERON:0007714  ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006471
name: brodmann (1909) area 5
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 5 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain. It is involved in somatosensory processing and association." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_5]
synonym: "Area praeparietalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736]
synonym: "B09-5" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736]
synonym: "BA5" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 5" EXACT [FMA:68601]
synonym: "Brodmann area 5, preparietal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736]
synonym: "area 5 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 5" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736]
synonym: "preparietal area 5" EXACT [FMA:68601, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_5]
synonym: "secondary somatosensory cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_5]
xref: FMA:68601
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736
xref: SCTID:384764008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Brodmann_areas_5.png
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006472
name: brodmann (1909) area 6
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 6, or BA6, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. Situated just anterior to the primary motor cortex, it is composed of the premotor cortex and, medially, the supplementary motor area, or SMA. This large area of the frontal cortex is believed to play a role in the planning of complex, coordinated movements. Brodmann area 6 is also called agranular frontal area 6 in humans because it lacks an internal granular cortical layer (layer IV). It is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined precentral region of cerebral cortex. In the human brain, it is located on the portions of the precentral gyrus that are not occupied by the gigantopyramidal area 4; furthermore, BA6 extends onto the caudal portions of the superior frontal and middle frontal gyri. It extends from the cingulate sulcus on the medial aspect of the hemisphere to the lateral sulcus on the lateral aspect. It is bounded rostrally by the granular frontal region and caudally by the gigantopyramidal area 4 (Brodmann, 1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_6]
synonym: "Area frontalis agranularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737]
synonym: "B09-6" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737]
synonym: "BA6" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 6" EXACT [FMA:68602]
synonym: "Brodmann area 6, agranular frontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737]
synonym: "agranular frontal area 6" EXACT [FMA:68602, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_6]
synonym: "area 6 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737]
synonym: "area 6 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68602]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 6" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737]
synonym: "frontal belt" EXACT [FMA:68602]
xref: FMA:68602
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737
xref: SCTID:384765009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Brodmann_areas_6.png
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006473
name: brodmann (1909) area 18
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area parastriata" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_18]
synonym: "B09-18" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749]
synonym: "BA18" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 18" EXACT [FMA:68615]
synonym: "Brodmann area 18, parastriate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749]
synonym: "area 18 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749]
synonym: "area 18 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68615]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 18" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749]
synonym: "brodmann's area 18" EXACT [FMA:68615]
synonym: "parastriate area 18" EXACT [FMA:68615]
synonym: "secondary visual area" EXACT [FMA:68615]
synonym: "visual area ii" EXACT [FMA:68615]
xref: FMA:68615
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749
xref: SCTID:384773000
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006474
name: brodmann (1909) area 30
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 30, also known as agranular retrolimbic area 30, is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it is located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the granular retrolimbic area 29, dorsally by the ventral posterior cingulate area 23 and ventrolaterally by the ectorhinal area 36 (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_30]
synonym: "Area retrolimbica agranularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764]
synonym: "Area retrosplenialis agranularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_30]
synonym: "B09-30" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764]
synonym: "BA30" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 30" EXACT [FMA:68627]
synonym: "Brodmann area 30, agranular retrolimbic" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764]
synonym: "agranular retrolimbic area 30" EXACT [FMA:68627]
synonym: "area 30 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764]
synonym: "area 30 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68627]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 30" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764]
synonym: "brodmann's area 30" EXACT [FMA:68627]
xref: FMA:68627
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764
xref: SCTID:384784007
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006475
name: brodmann (1909) area 31
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 31, also known as dorsal posterior cingulate area 31, is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined cingulate region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it occupies portions of the posterior cingulate gyrus and medial aspect of the parietal lobe. Approximate boundaries are the cingulate sulcus dorsally and the parieto-occipital sulcus caudally. It partially surrounds the subparietal sulcus, the ventral continuation of the cingulate sulcus in the parietal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded rostrally by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24, ventrally by the ventral posterior cingulate area 23, dorsally by the gigantopyramidal area 4 and preparietal area 5 and caudally by the superior parietal area 7 (H) (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_31]
synonym: "Area cingularis posterior dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_31]
synonym: "B09-31" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765]
synonym: "BA31" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 31" EXACT [FMA:68628]
synonym: "Brodmann area 31, dorsal posterior cingulate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765]
synonym: "area 31 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765]
synonym: "area 31 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68628]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 31" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765]
synonym: "brodmann's area 31" EXACT [FMA:68628]
synonym: "cinguloparietal transition area" EXACT [FMA:68628]
synonym: "dorsal posterior cingulate area 31" EXACT [FMA:68628]
xref: FMA:68628
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765
xref: SCTID:384785008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Brodmann_Cytoarchitectonics_31.png
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006476
name: brodmann (1909) area 33
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 33, also known as pregenual area 33, is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined cingulate region of cerebral cortex. It is a narrow band located in the anterior cingulate gyrus adjacent to the supracallosal gyrus in the depth of the callosal sulcus, near the genu of the corpus callosum. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24 and the supracallosal gyrus (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_33]
synonym: "Area praegenualis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_33]
synonym: "B09-33" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766]
synonym: "BA33" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 33" EXACT [FMA:68630]
synonym: "Brodmann area 33, pregenual" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766]
synonym: "area 33 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766]
synonym: "area 33 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68630]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 33" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766]
synonym: "brodmann's area 33" EXACT [FMA:68630]
synonym: "pregenual area 33" EXACT [FMA:68630]
xref: FMA:68630
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766
xref: SCTID:384788005
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006477
name: brodmann (1909) area 34
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 34 is a part of the brain. It has been described as part of the entorhinal area. It has been described as part of the superior temporal gyrus." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_34]
synonym: "Area entorhinalis dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_34]
synonym: "B09-34" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767]
synonym: "BA34" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 34" EXACT [FMA:68631]
synonym: "Brodmann area 34, dorsal entorhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767]
synonym: "area 34 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767]
synonym: "area 34 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68631]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 34" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767]
synonym: "dorsal entorhinal area 34" EXACT [FMA:68631]
xref: FMA:68631
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767
xref: SCTID:384789002
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006478
name: brodmann (1909) area 37
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 37, or BA37, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. This area is known as occipitotemporal area 37 (H). It is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located primarily in the caudal portions of the fusiform gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus on the mediobasal and lateral surfaces at the caudal extreme of the temporal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the peristriate Brodmann area 19, rostrally by the inferior temporal area 20 and middle temporal area 21 and dorsally on the lateral aspect of the hemisphere by the angular area 39 (H) (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_37]
synonym: "Area occipitotemporalis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_37]
synonym: "B09-37" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770]
synonym: "BA37" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 37" EXACT [FMA:68634]
synonym: "Brodmann area 37, occipitotemporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770]
synonym: "area 37 0f brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68634]
synonym: "area 37 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 37" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770]
synonym: "occipitotemporal area 37" EXACT [FMA:68634]
xref: FMA:68634
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770
xref: SCTID:384792003
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006479
name: brodmann (1909) area 38
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area temporopolaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771]
synonym: "B09-38" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771]
synonym: "BA38" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 38" EXACT [FMA:68635]
synonym: "Brodmann area 38, temporopolar" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771]
synonym: "area 38 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771]
synonym: "area 38 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68635]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 38" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771]
synonym: "temporopolar area 38" EXACT [FMA:68635]
xref: FMA:68635
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771
xref: SCTID:384793008
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006480
name: brodmann (1909) area 39
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_39]
synonym: "Area angularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772]
synonym: "B09-39" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772]
synonym: "BA39" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 39" EXACT [FMA:68636]
synonym: "Brodmann area 39, angular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772]
synonym: "angular area 39" EXACT [FMA:68636]
synonym: "area 39 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772]
synonym: "area 39 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68636]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 39" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772]
xref: FMA:68636
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772
xref: SCTID:384794002
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006481
name: brodmann (1909) area 44
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area opercularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776]
synonym: "B09-44" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776]
synonym: "BA44" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 44" EXACT [FMA:68641]
synonym: "Brodmann area 44, opercular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776]
synonym: "area 44 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776]
synonym: "area 44 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68641]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 44" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776]
synonym: "opercular area 44" EXACT [FMA:68641]
xref: FMA:68641
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776
xref: SCTID:384803008
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006482
name: brodmann (1909) area 45
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 45 (BA45), is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. Situated on the lateral surface, inferior to BA9 and adjacent to BA46. This area is also known as pars triangular (of the inferior frontal gyrus). In the human, it occupies the triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus (H) and, surrounding the anterior horizontal limb of lateral sulcus (H), a portion of the orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus (H). Bounded caudally by the anterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus (H), it borders on the insula in the depth of the lateral sulcus. In terms of cytoarchitecture, it is bounded caudally by the opercular area 44 (BA44), rostrodorsally by the middle frontal area 46 (BA46), and ventrally by the orbital area 47 (BA47) (Brodmann-1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_45]
synonym: "Area triangularis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_45]
synonym: "B09-45" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777]
synonym: "BA45" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 45" EXACT [FMA:68642]
synonym: "Brodmann area 45, triangular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777]
synonym: "area 45 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777]
synonym: "area 45 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68642]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 45" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777]
synonym: "triangular area 45" EXACT [FMA:68642]
xref: FMA:68642
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777
xref: SCTID:384805001
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006483
name: brodmann (1909) area 46
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 46, or BA46, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. It is between BA10 and BA45. BA46 is known as middle frontal area 46. In the human it occupies approximately the middle third of the middle frontal gyrus and the most rostral portion of the inferior frontal gyrus. Brodmann area 46 roughly corresponds with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), although the borders of area 46 are based on cytoarchitecture rather than function. The DLPFC also encompasses part of granular frontal area 9, directly adjacent on the dorsal surface of the cortex. Cytoarchitecturally, BA46 is bounded dorsally by the granular frontal area 9, rostroventrally by the frontopolar area 10 and caudally by the triangular area 45 (Brodmann-1909). There is some discrepancy between the extent of BA8 (Brodmann-1905) and the same area as described by Walker (1940)" [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_46]
synonym: "Area frontalis media" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778]
synonym: "B09-46" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778]
synonym: "BA46" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 46" EXACT [FMA:68643]
synonym: "Brodmann area 46, middle frontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778]
synonym: "area 46 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778]
synonym: "area 46 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68643]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 46" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778]
synonym: "middle frontal area 46" EXACT [FMA:68643, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_46]
xref: FMA:68643
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778
xref: SCTID:384806000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Brodmann_area_46.png
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006484
name: brodmann (1909) area 47
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 47, or BA47, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. Curving from the lateral surface of the frontal lobe into the ventral (orbital) frontal cortex. It is below areas BA10 and BA45, and beside BA11. This area is also known as orbital area 47. In the human, on the orbital surface it surrounds the caudal portion of the orbital sulcus (H) from which it extends laterally into the orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus (H). Cytoarchitectonically it is bounded caudally by the triangular area 45, medially by the prefrontal area 11 of Brodmann-1909, and rostrally by the frontopolar area 10 (Brodmann-1909). It incorporates the region that Brodmann identified as \"Area 12\" in the monkey, and therefore, following the suggestion of Michael Petrides, some contemporary neuroscientists refer to the region as \"BA47/12. \" BA47 has been implicated in the processing of syntax in spoken and signed languages, and more recently in musical syntax." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_47]
synonym: "Area orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_47]
synonym: "B09-47" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779]
synonym: "BA47" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 47" EXACT [FMA:68644]
synonym: "Brodmann area 47, orbital" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779]
synonym: "area 47 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779]
synonym: "area 47 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68644]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 47" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779]
synonym: "orbital area 47" EXACT [FMA:68644]
xref: FMA:68644
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779
xref: SCTID:384807009
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006485
name: brodmann (1909) area 48
namespace: uberon
def: "Retrosubicular area 48 is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined hippocampal region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it is located on the medial surface of the temporal lobe. Cytoarchitectually it is bounded rostrally by the perirhinal area 35 and medially by the presubiculum. While described by Brodmann (Brodmann-1909), it was not included in his areal maps of human cortex (Brodmann-1909; Brodmann-1910)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_48]
synonym: "Area retrosubicularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791]
synonym: "B09-48" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791]
synonym: "BA48" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 48" EXACT [FMA:81151]
synonym: "Brodmann area 48, retrosubicular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791]
synonym: "area 48 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:81151]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 48" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791]
synonym: "brodmann's area 48" EXACT [FMA:81151]
synonym: "retrosubicular area 48" EXACT [FMA:81151]
xref: FMA:81151
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791
xref: SCTID:384808004
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006486
name: brodmann (1909) area 52
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area parainsularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792]
synonym: "B09-52" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792]
synonym: "BA52" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 52" EXACT [FMA:81153]
synonym: "Brodmann area 52, parainsular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792]
synonym: "area 52 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:81153]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 52" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792]
synonym: "parainsular area 52" EXACT [FMA:81153]
xref: FMA:81153
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792
xref: SCTID:384809007
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006487
name: hadjikhani et al. (1998) visuotopic area v2d
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hadjikhani et al. (1998) visuotopic area v2d" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4055]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4055
is_a: UBERON:0003022  ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006488
name: third cervical spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "C3 segment" EXACT [FMA:71181]
synonym: "C3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_744]
synonym: "third cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_744]
xref: FMA:71181
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_744
xref: SCTID:278756003
is_a: UBERON:0007714  ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006489
name: second cervical spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "C2 segment" EXACT [FMA:71180]
synonym: "C2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_752]
synonym: "second cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_752]
xref: FMA:71180
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_752
xref: SCTID:278755004
is_a: UBERON:0007714  ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006490
name: fourth cervical spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "C4 segment" EXACT [FMA:71182]
synonym: "C4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_753]
synonym: "forth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_753]
xref: FMA:71182
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_753
xref: SCTID:278757007
is_a: UBERON:0007714  ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006491
name: fifth cervical spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "C5 segment" EXACT [FMA:71183]
synonym: "C5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_760]
synonym: "fifth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_760]
xref: FMA:71183
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_760
xref: SCTID:278758002
is_a: UBERON:0007714  ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006492
name: sixth cervical spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "C6 segment" EXACT [FMA:71184]
synonym: "C6 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_766]
synonym: "sixth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_766]
xref: FMA:71184
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_766
xref: SCTID:278759005
is_a: UBERON:0007714  ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006493
name: seventh cervical spinal cord segment
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "C7 segment" EXACT [FMA:71185]
synonym: "C7 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_773]
synonym: "seventh cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_773]
xref: FMA:71185
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_773
xref: SCTID:278760000
is_a: UBERON:0007714  ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006494
name: apex of arytenoid
namespace: uberon
synonym: "apex of arytenoid cartilage" EXACT [FMA:55348]
synonym: "arytenoid cartilage apex" EXACT [FMA:55348]
xref: FMA:55348
xref: MA:0001760
xref: SCTID:279534007
is_a: UBERON:0001996  ! elastic cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003406  ! cartilage of respiratory system
is_a: UBERON:0003583  ! larynx connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006495
name: osseus cochlear canal
namespace: uberon
synonym: "osseous cochlear canal" EXACT [FMA:75666]
xref: FMA:75666
xref: MA:0001183
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006496
name: external acoustic meatus osseus part
namespace: uberon
synonym: "osseous external acoustic meatus" EXACT []
synonym: "osseous external acoustic tube" EXACT [FMA:61290]
synonym: "osseous part of external acoustic meatus" EXACT [FMA:61290]
xref: FMA:61290
xref: MA:0001235
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006497
name: pes interosseus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "An interosseus muscle that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot interosseous" EXACT [FMA:37456]
synonym: "foot interosseus muscle" EXACT [MA:0002302]
synonym: "interosseous of foot" EXACT [FMA:37456]
xref: FMA:37456
xref: MA:0002302
xref: SCTID:181714004
xref: UMLS:C0448494
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Interosseous_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001498  ! muscle of pes
is_a: UBERON:0006508  ! interosseus muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0006508  ! interosseus muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006499
name: dorsal pes interosseus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the dorsal interossei of the foot are four muscles situated between the metatarsal bones." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_interossei_of_the_foot]
synonym: "dorsal foot interosseus muscle" EXACT [MA:0002303]
synonym: "dorsal interosseous of foot" EXACT [FMA:37457]
synonym: "musculi interossei dorsalis pedis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_interossei_of_the_foot]
xref: FMA:37457
xref: MA:0002303
xref: UMLS:C1744541
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Gray446.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Foot_Interosseous_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006497  ! pes interosseus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0006502 ! plantar foot interosseus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006502
name: plantar foot interosseus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The plantar interossei, three in number, lie beneath rather than between the metatarsal bones, and each is connected with but one metatarsal bone. They arise from the bases and medial sides of the bodies of the third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal bones, and are inserted into the medial sides of the bases of the first phalanges of the same toes, and into the aponeuroses of the tendons of the Extensor digitorum longus." [Wikipedia:Plantar_interossei_muscles]
synonym: "musculi interossei plantares" EXACT []
synonym: "musculi interosseus plantaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Plantar_interossei_muscles]
synonym: "plantar interosseous of foot" EXACT [FMA:37458]
xref: FMA:37458
xref: MA:0002304
xref: UMLS:C1744540
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray447.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Plantar_Foot_Interosseus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006497  ! pes interosseus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0006499 ! dorsal pes interosseus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006505
name: palmar hand interosseus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The palmar interossei (interossei volares) are small muscles in the hand that lie on the anterior aspect of the metacarpals. They are smaller than the dorsal interossei of the hand, which lie between the metacarpals" [Wikipedia:Palmar_interossei_muscles]
synonym: "musculi interossei palmares" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Palmar_interossei_muscles]
synonym: "palmar interosseous of hand" EXACT [FMA:37419]
xref: FMA:37419
xref: MA:0002315
xref: UMLS:C1709453
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Gray429.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Palmar_Hand_Interosseus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001502  ! interosseous muscle of manus
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010544 ! metacarpus skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006508
name: interosseus muscle
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0003661  ! limb muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006514
name: pallidum
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of what are called the basal ganglia of the brain which consist of the globus pallidus and the ventral pallidum." [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11614]
synonym: "neuraxis pallidum" EXACT [FMA:83684]
synonym: "pallidum of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83684]
xref: ABA:PAL
xref: FMA:83684
xref: MA:0000889
is_a: UBERON:0011300  ! gray matter of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 ! basal ganglion
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002435

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006516
name: dorsal pallidum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal globus pallidus" RELATED [BTO:0004376]
xref: ABA:PALd
xref: BTO:0004376
xref: FMA:77619
is_a: UBERON:0005401  ! cerebral grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0006514  ! pallidum
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006517
name: kidney calyx
namespace: uberon
def: "Recesses of the kidney pelvis which divides into two wide, cup-shaped major renal calices, with each major calix subdivided into 7 to 14 minor calices. Urine empties into a minor calix from collecting tubules, then passes through the major calix, renal pelvis, and ureter to enter the urinary bladder. (From Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 3d ed, p211)" [MESH:A05.810.453.537.503]
synonym: "calyx" BROAD [EMAPA:18676]
synonym: "renal calyx" EXACT [MA:0000369]
xref: EMAPA:18676
xref: GAID:427
xref: MA:0000369
xref: MESH:A05.810.453.537.503
xref: SCTID:276832000
xref: UMLS:C0022651
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Calyx
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006518
name: right lung lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobe of lung that is part of a right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Taxon notes: 4 in mice, divided into 3 in human by two interlobal fissures [ISBN-10:0123813611]
synonym: "lobe of right lung" EXACT []
synonym: "lobe of the right lung" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung]
xref: MA:0001791
xref: SCTID:272654004
xref: UMLS:C1285106
xref: ncithesaurus:Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0000101  ! lobe of lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0000101  ! lobe of lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006524
name: alveolar system
namespace: uberon
def: "System pertaining to a bronchus and alveoli." [BTO:0000136]
synonym: "bronchoalveolar system" RELATED [BTO:0000136]
synonym: "pulmonary alveolar system" EXACT [MP:0010899]
xref: BTO:0000136
xref: EMAPA:19003
xref: EMAPA:19005
xref: EMAPA:19007
xref: EMAPA:19009
xref: MA:0000416
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006525
name: left lung alveolar system
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:19001
xref: MA:0001775
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006526
name: right lung alveolar system
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001784
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006530
name: seminal fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "The fluid portion of the semen, in which the spermatozoa are suspended[BTO]." [BTO:0001232]
comment: Usage notes: we follow FMA and make this class a generic superclass of the secretions of different glands (prostate, bulbo-urethreal, seminal vesicle). MA (and ncit) follows a mixture model, where these secretions are part of the seminal fluid // Taxon notes: This term covers a variety of species. Example: In D. melanogaster, seminal fluid proteins affect female receptivity, ovulation, oogenesis, sperm storage, sperm competition and mating plug formation [doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00961.x]. Note that ths intology contains a number of subtypes of seminal fluid, defined according to glands (which are more taxonomically restricted)
synonym: "male genital fluid" RELATED []
synonym: "male genital secretion" RELATED []
synonym: "seminal fluid" RELATED [BTO:0001232]
synonym: "seminal plasma" EXACT [BTO:0001232]
xref: BTO:0001232
xref: FMA:62967
xref: MA:0002523
xref: MAT:0000057
xref: MIAA:0000057
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001968 ! semen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006531
name: oculomotor muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The muscles that move the eye. Included in this group are the medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, superior oblique, musculus orbitalis, and levator palpebrae superioris." [MESH:A02.633.567.700]
comment: we follow MA in making this a subckass of extra-ocular muscle but the distinction is not clear
xref: MA:0002432
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.700
xref: UMLS:C0028863
xref: ncithesaurus:Oculomotor_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001601  ! extra-ocular muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006532
name: oblique extraocular muscle
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001275
is_a: UBERON:0006531  ! oculomotor muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006533
name: rectus extraocular muscle
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001278
is_a: UBERON:0006531  ! oculomotor muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006534
name: renal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
synonym: "convoluted tubule" EXACT []
synonym: "kidney convoluted tubule" EXACT [MA:0001665]
xref: MA:0001665
xref: SCTID:361333002
xref: UMLS:C1707510
xref: ncithesaurus:Convoluted_Tubule
is_a: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006535
name: skin fluid/secretion
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of organism substance that secreted_by a zone of skin." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin fluid" RELATED []
synonym: "skin secretion" RELATED []
xref: MA:0002537
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006536
name: male reproductive system fluid/secretion
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of organism substance that secreted_by a male reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "male reproductive system fluid" RELATED []
synonym: "male reproductive system secretion" RELATED []
xref: MA:0002521
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006537
name: female reproductive system fluid/secretion
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of organism substance that secreted_by a female reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "female reproductive system fluid" RELATED []
synonym: "female reproductive system secretion" RELATED []
xref: MA:0002510
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006538
name: respiratory system fluid/secretion
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of organism substance that secreted_by a respiratory system." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory system fluid" RELATED []
synonym: "respiratory system secretion" RELATED []
xref: MA:0002533
xref: UMLS:C1514899
xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_System_Fluid_or_Secretion
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006541
name: outer medulla inner stripe loop of henle
namespace: uberon
def: "A loop of Henle that is part of a kidney outer medulla inner stripe." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:29679
xref: MA:0002627
is_a: UBERON:0001288  ! loop of Henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004201 ! kidney outer medulla inner stripe
intersection_of: UBERON:0001288  ! loop of Henle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004201 ! kidney outer medulla inner stripe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006542
name: outer medulla outer stripe loop of henle
namespace: uberon
def: "A loop of Henle that is part of a kidney outer medulla outer stripe." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:29665
xref: MA:0002630
is_a: UBERON:0001288  ! loop of Henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004202 ! kidney outer medulla outer stripe
intersection_of: UBERON:0001288  ! loop of Henle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004202 ! kidney outer medulla outer stripe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006544
name: kidney vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a kidney." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
xref: EMAPA:28457
xref: TAO:0005305
xref: ZFA:0005305
is_a: UBERON:0002201  ! vasculature of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006553
name: renal duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A tube in the kidney that collect and transport urine." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-071029-9]
comment: in ZFA this is defined as part of mesonephros
xref: TAO:0005289
xref: ZFA:0005289
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006554
name: urinary system structure
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that is part of a excretory system." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: editor note: note that we do not explicitly exclude entities such as WBbt:0005777 (excretory duct) here, but they will be automatically classified under this class after reasoning
xref: SCTID:122489005
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006555
name: excretory tube
namespace: uberon
def: "A tube that is part of a excretory system." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000025  ! tube
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000025  ! tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006558
name: lymphatic part of lymphoid system
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Lymphatic_system]
comment: AO notes: in FMA this is part of the cardiovascular system, but here we treat the CV system as a separate component of the circulatory system from the lymphatic system
synonym: "lymphatic system" EXACT [FMA:7162, MA:0002435]
synonym: "lymphatic tree system" EXACT [FMA:7162]
synonym: "lymporeticular system" RELATED [VHOG:0001761]
xref: AAO:0010522
xref: EFO:0000870
xref: EMAPA:18248
xref: FMA:7162
xref: MA:0002961
xref: MESH:A15.382.520
xref: SCTID:362597000
xref: VHOG:0001761
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007798 ! vascular system
property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system which consists of a series of vessels which collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seep through capillary walls and return it to the veins.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "lymporeticular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006561
name: non-lymphatic part of lymphoid system
namespace: uberon
synonym: "non-lymphatic lymphoid system" EXACT [FMA:74623]
xref: FMA:74623
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006562
name: pharynx
namespace: uberon
def: "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]." [GO:0060465]
comment: Taxon notes: This is a dubious grouping class that collects structures as diverse as the chordate pharynx (which is a subclass - UBERON:0001042) and the nematode pharynx. This portion of the ontology should be revised, but this should be done in sync with GO, from which this grouping arises
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "pharyngeal tube" EXACT []
xref: FBbt:00005380
xref: MAT:0000049
xref: MIAA:0000049
xref: WBbt:0003681
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
property_value: external_definition "A portion of the respiratory and digestive tracts; its distal limit is the superior part of the esophagus and it connects the nasal and oral cavities with the esophagus and larynx; it contains the valleculae and the pyriform recesses; its upper limits are the nasal cavity and cranial base.[FEED]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "branchial" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pharyngeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006563
name: tunica media of pulmonary trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "Tunica media of artery which is continuous with the myocardium of right ventricle.[FMA]" [FMA:85030, FMA:FMA]
xref: FMA:85030
is_a: UBERON:0007239  ! tunica media of artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0002522  ! tunica media
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006564
name: superficial palmar arch
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Superficial palmar arch" EXACT [FMA:22834]
synonym: "arcus palmaris superficialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22834, FMA:TA]
synonym: "superficial palmar arterial arch" EXACT [FMA:22834]
xref: FMA:22834
xref: MA:0002127
xref: SCTID:362051006
xref: UMLS:C0226433
xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Palmar_Arch
is_a: UBERON:0004563  ! forelimb digital vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006565
name: female urethral meatus
namespace: uberon
def: "A urethral meatus that is part of a female urethra[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:External_urethral_orifice_%28female%29]
synonym: "external orifice of female urethra" EXACT [FMA:85266]
synonym: "external urethral orifice (female)" EXACT [FMA:85266]
synonym: "female urethral meatus" EXACT [FMA:85266]
synonym: "ostium urethrae externum (urethra feminina)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:85266, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:85266
xref: MA:0002639
xref: SCTID:279479008
is_a: UBERON:0012240  ! urethral meatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0012240  ! urethral meatus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism
property_value: external_definition "he external urethral orifice (urinary meatus) is the external opening of the urethra, from which urine is ejected during urination. It is placed about 2.5 cm behind the glans clitoridis and immediately in front of that of the vagina; it usually assumes the form of a short, sagittal cleft with slightly raised margins. To its left and right are the openings of the Skene's ducts.." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006566
name: left ventricle myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "Myocardium of ventricle which is continuous with the tunica media of aorta.[FMA]" [FMA:9558, FMA:FMA]
synonym: "Left ventricular myocardium" EXACT [FMA:9558]
synonym: "myocardium of left ventricle" EXACT [FMA:9558]
xref: FMA:9558
xref: MA:0002983
xref: SCTID:362021000
is_a: UBERON:0001083  ! myocardium of ventricle
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003618 ! aorta tunica media
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001083  ! myocardium of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006567
name: right ventricle myocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "Myocardium of ventricle which is continuous with the tunica media of the pulmonary trunk.[FMA]" [FMA:9535, FMA:FMA]
synonym: "Right ventricular myocardium" EXACT [FMA:9535]
synonym: "myocardium of right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:9535]
xref: FMA:9535
xref: MA:0002984
xref: SCTID:362020004
is_a: UBERON:0001083  ! myocardium of ventricle
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006563 ! tunica media of pulmonary trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001083  ! myocardium of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006568
name: hypothalamic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a hypothalamus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:258762]
xref: BTO:0002449
xref: FMA:258762
xref: MA:0002426
xref: SCTID:279304003
is_a: UBERON:0003048  ! regional part of hypothalamus
is_a: UBERON:0006569  ! diencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006569
name: diencephalic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0002191
xref: ZFA:0001659
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006570
name: trabecula carnea of right ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A trabecula carnea that is part of a heart right ventricle." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabeculae carneae (ventriculus dexter)" EXACT [FMA:7270]
xref: FMA:7270
xref: SCTID:192373001
is_a: UBERON:0002511  ! trabecula carnea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0002511  ! trabecula carnea
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006571
name: trabecula carnea of left ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A trabecula carnea that is part of a heart left ventricle." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "trabeculae carneae (ventriculus sinister)" EXACT [FMA:7271]
xref: FMA:7271
xref: SCTID:190344008
is_a: UBERON:0002511  ! trabecula carnea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0002511  ! trabecula carnea
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006574
name: pectinate line
namespace: uberon
def: "The pectinate line (anocutaneous line, dentate line, anorectal junction) is a line which divides the upper 2/3rds and lower 1/3rd of the anal canal. Developmentally, this line represents the hindgut-proctodeum junction. It is an important anatomical landmark, and several distinctions can be made based upon the location of a structure relative to this line:" [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line]
comment: FMA also has FMA:29321 but it's not clear how this differs
synonym: "Hilton's 'white line'" RELATED [EMAPA:19159]
synonym: "dentate line" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line]
synonym: "linea anocutanea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line]
synonym: "pectinate line of anal canal" EXACT [FMA:75383]
synonym: "recto-anal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line]
synonym: "site of anal membrane" RELATED [EMAPA:19159]
xref: EMAPA:19159
xref: FMA:75383
xref: SCTID:245445008
xref: UMLS:C0821671
xref: Wikipedia:Pectinate_line
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Hemorrhoid.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pectinate_Line
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000931 ! proctodeum
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000931 ! proctodeum
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006582
name: statolith
namespace: uberon
def: "Acellular mineralized structure located in the statocyst (balance organ) of some aquatic invertebrates[WP,CJM]." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "calcareousstatoliths" NARROW []
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006583 ! statocyst
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006583
name: statocyst
namespace: uberon
def: "a balance sensory receptor present in some aquatic invertebrates[WP]." [Wikipedia:Statocyst]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "balance organ" RELATED []
synonym: "statocyst organ" RELATED []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Statocyst.jpg/180px-Statocyst.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:110815
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:147099
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6073
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6544
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6657
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7586

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006585
name: vestibular organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that is part of a vestibular system." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "balance organ" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2519
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004681 ! vestibular system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004681 ! vestibular system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006586
name: otolymph
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002527
xref: UMLS:C1518679
xref: ncithesaurus:Otolymph
is_a: UBERON:0007779  ! transudate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006589
name: round ligament of uterus
namespace: uberon
def: "The round ligament of the uterus originates at the uterine horns, in the parametrium. It leaves the pelvis via the deep inguinal ring, passes through the inguinal canal and continues on to the labia majora where its fibers spread and mix with the tissue of the mons pubis[WP]. A fibromuscular band that attaches to the uterus and then passes along the broad ligament, out through the inguinal ring, and into the labium majus[MESH]." [MESH:A02.513.803, Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_uterus]
synonym: "Hunter's ligament" EXACT [FMA:20420]
synonym: "ligamentum teres of uterus" EXACT []
synonym: "ligamentum teres uteri" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_uterus]
synonym: "round ligament" BROAD [GAID:130]
synonym: "round ligament of the uterus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_uterus]
xref: FMA:20420
xref: GAID:130
xref: SCTID:245495009
xref: UMLS:C0035877
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Gray1138.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Round_Ligament_of_the_Uterus
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004346 ! gubernaculum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006590
name: vestigial embryonic structure
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure which is a remnant of an embryonic structure in the postnatal period. Examples: median umbilical ligament, paroohoron, prostatic utricle, ligamentum arteriosum.[FMA]" [FMA:16558, FMA:FMA]
xref: FMA:16558
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006591
name: transformed artery
namespace: uberon
def: "A vestigial embryonic structure that develops_from a artery." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14076
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery
intersection_of: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
intersection_of: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006592
name: transformed vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vestigial embryonic structure that develops_from a vein." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14078
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
intersection_of: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006594
name: chorda gubernaculum
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of the gubernaculum testis and round ligament that develops in the body wall of the embryo." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource]
synonym: "gubernacular cord" RELATED []
synonym: "plica gubernaculi" RELATED [PMID:11997885]
xref: BTO:0002814
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008843 ! gubernaculum testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006595
name: presumptive endoderm
namespace: uberon
xref: AAO:0000471
xref: EFO:0003437
xref: TAO:0000416
xref: ZFA:0000416
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006596
name: presumptive blood
namespace: uberon
xref: AAO:0000468
xref: EFO:0003439
xref: TAO:0000568
xref: ZFA:0000568
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006598
name: presumptive structure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "presumptive structures" EXACT [ZFA:0001116]
xref: AAO:0000479
xref: TAO:0001116
xref: ZFA:0001116
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006599
name: presumptive hypochord
namespace: uberon
xref: AAO:0000474
xref: EFO:0003453
xref: TAO:0001217
xref: ZFA:0001217
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006600
name: presumptive enteric nervous system
namespace: uberon
xref: AAO:0000472
xref: EFO:0003462
xref: TAO:0001334
xref: ZFA:0001334
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005428 ! vagal neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006601
name: presumptive ectoderm
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors note: requires review. ZFA def: Presumptive structure at the animal poll of the blastula that will develop into ectoderm via the epiblast. Determined by fate mapping
synonym: "presumptive epidermis" RELATED [ZFA:0001376]
xref: AAO:0000470
xref: EFO:0003466
xref: TAO:0001376
xref: XAO:0004132
xref: ZFA:0001376
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006603
name: presumptive mesoderm
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors note: requires review
xref: AAO:0000476
xref: EFO:0003467
xref: TAO:0001377
xref: ZFA:0001377
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006604
name: lamina orbitonasalis
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial cartilage which is bilaterally paired and develops as a dorsal plate-like projection of the anterolateral ethmoid plate, which are oriented perpendicular to the ethmoid plate. It fuses dorsally to the taenia marginalis anterior, and it joins the ethmoid cartilage medially." [ZFA:0001503]
synonym: "laminas orbitonasalis" EXACT [ZFA:0001503]
xref: AAO:0000262
xref: TAO:0001503
xref: ZFA:0001503
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
property_value: external_definition "In the larva, structure that is fused to the wall of the braincase, lateral to the olfactory foramen, and separates the nasal capsule and orbit. In the adult frog it constitutes the ventral part of postnasal wall.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006605
name: tectum synoticum
namespace: uberon
def: "Unpaired thin dorsal sheet of cartilage that partially covers the posterior chondrocranium." [ZFA:0001506]
comment: AAO def - \"Roof between frontoparietal foramen and otic capsules, confluent with taenia tecti marginales.\" [AAO:0010129]. In TAO/ZFA this gives rise to supraoccipital and sphenotic // posterior tectum synoticum in humans - a skull roof element of the chondrocranium - temporarily exists in the territory of the interparietal during fetal life, and may be resposible for the sutura mendosa [PMC1259625]
xref: AAO:0010129
xref: TAO:0001506
xref: ZFA:0001506
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of otic and occipital (AAO:0000993)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Roof between frontoparietal foramen and otic capsules, confluent with taenia tecti marginales.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006606
name: mandibular symphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous joint that connects left and right mandibles/dentary bones. Mandibular symphysis is unpaired[TAO,modified]." [TAO:wd, Wikipedia:Symphysis_menti, ZFA:0005488]
comment: Taxon notes: in snakes, the mandibular symphysis is composed of soft tissues, allowing independent movement of each mandible[Kardong] Editor notes: this is placed as part of lower jaw region, as in this ontology the skeleton does not include joints
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "dentary symphysis" EXACT [TAO:0001851]
synonym: "inter-dentary joint" EXACT [TAO:0001851]
synonym: "inter-mandibular joint" EXACT [TAO:0001851]
synonym: "mental symphysis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Symphysis_menti]
synonym: "symphysis mandibulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Symphysis_menti]
synonym: "symphysis menti" EXACT [MA:0001490]
xref: AAO:0000277
xref: FMA:75779
xref: MA:0001490
xref: TAO:0001851
xref: ZFA:0005488
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray176.png
is_a: UBERON:0002216  ! symphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: connects UBERON:0004742 {cardinality="2"} ! dentary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
property_value: external_definition "Joint that articulates the left and right dentary bones. Mandibular symphysis is unpaired.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006607
name: medial umbilical ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial umbilical ligament is a paired structure found in human anatomy. It is on the deep surface of the anterior abdominal wall, and is covered by the medial umbilical folds." [Wikipedia:Medial_umbilical_ligament]
synonym: "chorda arteria umbilicalis; ligamentum umbilicale mediale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_umbilical_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum umbilicale mediale" EXACT [FMA:14077]
synonym: "medial umbilical fold" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_umbilical_ligament]
synonym: "medial umbilical ligaments" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_umbilical_ligament]
xref: FMA:14077
xref: SCTID:279427007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Gray1037.png
is_a: UBERON:0006591  ! transformed artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006609
name: corpus cavernosum
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum]
is_a: UBERON:0008324  ! erectile tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006610
name: tunica albuginea
namespace: uberon
def: "White covering over one of: penis, testicles or ovaries." [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea]
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006611
name: exoskeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Exoskeleton or shell, including those of mollusks, turtles, insects and crustaceans." [Wikipedia:Exoskeleton]
comment: Usage notes: not to be confused with dermal skeleton
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "lorica" NARROW [Wikipedia:Lorica_(biology)]
synonym: "shell" RELATED [BTO:0004659]
synonym: "test" NARROW []
xref: BTO:0004659
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system
property_value: has_relational_adjective "exoskeletal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006612
name: shell
namespace: uberon
def: "A rigid covering that envelops an object." [Wikipedia:Seashell, ncithesaurus:Shell]
comment: Editor notes: may be obsoleted after integumental system overhaul
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: ncithesaurus:Shell
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006614
name: aponeurosis
namespace: uberon
def: "A sheet of extracellular matrix." [AEO:0000092, Wikipedia:Aponeurosis]
comment: AO notes: in ZFA, aponeuroses are subtypes of tendons, but this is inconsistent with tendons being muscle-bone connections
synonym: "aponeuroses" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Aponeurosis]
synonym: "aponeurotic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aponeurosis]
xref: AEO:0000092
xref: EHDAA2:0003092
xref: FMA:9722
xref: SCTID:331712004
xref: UMLS:C0225205
xref: ZFA:0005652
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Aponeurosis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Aponeurosis
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ
property_value: external_definition "Aponeuroses are layers of flat broad tendons. They have a shiny, whitish-silvery color, and are histologically similar to tendons, but are very sparingly supplied with blood vessels and nerves. When dissected, aponeuroses are papery, and peel off by sections. The primary regions with thick aponeurosis is in the ventral abdominal region, the dorsal lumbar region, and in the palmar region. Their primary function is to join muscles and the body parts the muscles act upon[Wikipedia:Aponeurosis]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006615
name: venous sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "a large vein or channel for the circulation of venous blood" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/venous+sinus]
comment: todo - add subclasses
xref: MA:0000070
xref: SCTID:341586007
xref: UMLS:C0226504
xref: ncithesaurus:Venous_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0003920  ! venous blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006616
name: right external ear
namespace: uberon
def: "An external ear that is in the right side of a multi-cellular organism." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right auricular region" BROAD [FMA:53643]
xref: FMA:53643
xref: SCTID:368567003
is_a: UBERON:0001691  ! external ear
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0001691  ! external ear
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006617
name: left external ear
namespace: uberon
def: "An external ear that is in the left side of a multi-cellular organism." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left auricular region" BROAD [FMA:53644]
xref: FMA:53644
xref: SCTID:368589004
is_a: UBERON:0001691  ! external ear
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0001691  ! external ear
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006618
name: atrium auricular region
namespace: uberon
def: "A small conical pouch projections located on the upper anterior portion of each atrium of the heart." [MP:0010489, Wikipedia:Auricular_appendage]
synonym: "atrial auricle" EXACT [MP:0010489]
synonym: "auricle of atrium" EXACT [FMA:77110]
synonym: "auricle of heart" EXACT [FMA:77110]
synonym: "auricula (cor)" EXACT [FMA:77110]
synonym: "auricula atrii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77110, FMA:TA]
synonym: "auricular appendage" EXACT []
synonym: "cardiac auricle" EXACT [FMA:77110]
synonym: "heart atrium auriclular region" EXACT [MP:0010489]
xref: FMA:77110
xref: MA:0002955
xref: SCTID:305223006
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006630
name: left atrium auricular region
namespace: uberon
def: "a muscular pouch connected to the left atrium of the heart" [Wikipedia:Left_atrial_appendage]
synonym: "auricula sinistra" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_atrial_appendage, Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage]
synonym: "left atrial appendage" RELATED [MA:0001869]
synonym: "left auricle" EXACT [FMA:7219]
synonym: "left auricula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage]
synonym: "left auricular appendage" RELATED [FMA:7219]
synonym: "left auricular appendix" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage]
synonym: "left auricular region" BROAD [EMAPA:16816]
xref: EHDAA2:0000276
xref: EHDAA:5343
xref: EMAPA:16816
xref: FMA:7219
xref: MA:0001869
xref: SCTID:277930000
xref: VHOG:0001229
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray494.png
is_a: UBERON:0006618  ! atrium auricular region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0006618  ! atrium auricular region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006631
name: right atrium auricular region
namespace: uberon
def: "a small conical muscular pouch attached to the right atrium of the heart." [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage]
synonym: "auricula dextra" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage]
synonym: "right atrial appendage" RELATED [MA:0001870]
synonym: "right auricle" EXACT [FMA:7218]
synonym: "right auricula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage]
synonym: "right auricular appendage" RELATED [FMA:7218]
synonym: "right auricular region" BROAD [EMAPA:16824]
synonym: "right auriculur appendix" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage]
xref: EHDAA2:0000291
xref: EHDAA:5352
xref: EMAPA:16824
xref: FMA:7218
xref: MA:0001870
xref: SCTID:277713005
xref: VHOG:0001232
is_a: UBERON:0006618  ! atrium auricular region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0006618  ! atrium auricular region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006632
name: musculo-phrenic artery
namespace: uberon
synonym: "musculophrenic artery" EXACT [FMA:10645]
xref: EMAPA:19215
xref: FMA:10645
xref: SCTID:244242003
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0002456 ! internal thoracic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002456 ! internal thoracic artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006634
name: lingual vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The lingual veins begin on the dorsum, sides, and under surface of the tongue, and, passing backward along the course of the lingual artery, end in the internal jugular vein. The vena comitans of the hypoglossal nerve (ranine vein), a branch of considerable size, begins below the tip of the tongue, and may join the lingual; generally, however, it passes backward on the Hyoglossus, and joins the common facial." [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins]
synonym: "deep lingual veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins]
synonym: "lingual vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins]
synonym: "ranine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins]
synonym: "ranine vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins]
synonym: "vena lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins]
xref: AAO:0010514
xref: EMAPA:19312
xref: FMA:14326
xref: SCTID:181375007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Gray559.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the tongue and drains into the external jugular vein.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006635
name: anterior abdominal wall
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral abdominal wall" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA:5976
xref: EMAPA:17744
xref: FMA:14627
xref: SCTID:362696003
xref: VHOG:0000764
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003697 ! abdominal wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006636
name: lumbar artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The lumbar arteries are in series with the intercostals. They are usually four in number on either side, and arise from the back of the aorta, opposite the bodies of the upper four lumbar vertebrC&. A fifth pair, small in size, is occasionally present: they arise from the middle sacral artery. They run lateralward and backward on the bodies of the lumbar vertebrC&, behind the sympathetic trunk, to the intervals between the adjacent transverse processes, and are then continued into the abdominal wall. The arteries of the right side pass behind the inferior vena cava, and the upper two on each side run behind the corresponding crus of the diaphragm. The arteries of both sides pass beneath the tendinous arches which give origin to the Psoas major, and are then continued behind this muscle and the lumbar plexus. They now cross the Quadratus lumborum, the upper three arteries running behind, the last usually in front of the muscle. At the lateral border of the Quadratus lumborum they pierce the posterior aponeurosis of the Transversus abdominis and are carried forward between this muscle and the Obliquus internus. They anastomose with the lower intercostal, the subcostal, the iliolumbar, the deep iliac circumflex, and the inferior epigastric arteries." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_arteries]
synonym: "Lumbar arterial tree" EXACT [FMA:14735]
synonym: "arteria lumbalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lumbar_arteries]
synonym: "arteriae lumbales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lumbar_arteries]
synonym: "lumbar artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lumbar_arteries]
xref: EMAPA:19096
xref: FMA:14735
xref: SCTID:244285007
xref: UMLS:C0226408
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0012254  ! abdominal aorta artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006637
name: coeliac trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "The celiac artery, also known as the celiac trunk, is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta. Branching from the aorta 'anterior to the upper part of T12' vertebra in humans, it is one of three anterior/ midline branches of the abdominal aorta." [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "Haller's tripus" EXACT [FMA:14812]
synonym: "arteria celiaca" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "celiac axis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "celiac trunk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "coeliac axis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "coeliac trunck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "coeliac trunk" EXACT [FMA:14812, Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
synonym: "coeliaco-mesenteric trunk" EXACT [FMA:14812]
synonym: "truncus coeliacus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0004519
xref: EMAPA:19212
xref: FMA:14812
xref: galen:CeliacTrunk
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001640 ! celiac artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006638
name: median umbilical ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The median umbilical ligament is a structure in human anatomy. It is a shrivelled piece of tissue that represents the remnant of the embryonic urachus. It extends from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus, on the deep surface of the anterior abdominal wall. It is unpaired. It is covered by the median umbilical fold Lateral to this structure are the medial umbilical ligament (which is a different structure, not to be confused) and the lateral umbilical ligament." [Wikipedia:Median_umbilical_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum umbilicale medianum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_umbilical_ligament]
synonym: "median umbilical fold" RELATED [Wikipedia:Median_umbilical_ligament]
synonym: "middle umbilical ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Median_umbilical_ligament]
xref: EMAPA:29637
xref: FMA:16568
xref: SCTID:89583000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gray1036.png
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002068 ! urachus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006639
name: crus penis
namespace: uberon
def: "For their anterior three-fourths the corpora cavernosa penis lie in intimate apposition with one another, but behind they diverge in the form of two tapering processes, known as the crura, which are firmly connected to the ischial rami. Traced from behind forward, each crus begins by a blunt-pointed process in front of the tuberosity of the ischium, along the perineal surface of the conjoined (ischiopubic) ramus. Just before it meets its fellow it presents a slight enlargement, named by Georg Ludwig Kobelt (1804-1857) the bulb of the corpus cavernosum penis. Beyond this point the crus undergoes a constriction and merges into the corpus cavernosum proper, which retains a uniform diameter to its anterior end." [Wikipedia:Crus_of_penis]
synonym: "crura of penis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Crus_of_penis]
synonym: "crus of penis" EXACT [FMA:18248]
synonym: "crus penis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Crus_of_penis]
xref: EMAPA:19294
xref: FMA:18248
xref: SCTID:362270006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gray1154.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004713 ! corpus cavernosum penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006641
name: appendix epididymis
namespace: uberon
def: "On the head of the epididymis is a small stalked appendage (sometimes duplicated). It is named the appendix of the epididymis (or pedunculated hydatid), and is usually regarded as a detached efferent duct. This structure is derived from the Wolffian duct as opposed to the appendix testis which is derived from the mullerian duct remnant." [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_epididymidis]
synonym: "appendix epididymidis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_epididymidis]
synonym: "appendix epididymis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_epididymidis]
synonym: "appendix of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18268]
synonym: "appendix of the epididymis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_epididymidis]
synonym: "epididymal appendix" EXACT [FMA:18268]
synonym: "epididymis appendix" EXACT [FMA:18268]
xref: EMAPA:19086
xref: FMA:18268
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray1148.png
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005160  ! vestigial structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006643
name: tunica albuginea of testis
namespace: uberon
def: "The Tunica Albuginea is the fibrous covering of the testis. It is a dense blue-white membrane, composed of bundles of white fibrous tissue which interlace in every direction. It is covered by the tunica vaginalis, except at the points of attachment of the epididymis to the testis, and along its posterior border, where the spermatic vessels enter the gland. It is applied to the tunica vasculosa over the glandular substance of the testis, and, at its posterior border, is reflected into the interior of the gland, forming an incomplete vertical septum, called the mediastinum testis (corpus Highmori)." [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_of_testis_%28ovaries%29_%28penis%29_of_testis]
synonym: "tunica albuginea" BROAD [EHDAA2:0002096, VHOG:0000801, ncithesaurus:Tunica_Albuginea]
synonym: "tunica albuginea %28testicles%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_of_testis]
synonym: "tunica albuginea (testis)" EXACT [FMA:19843]
synonym: "tunica albuginea testis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_of_testis]
xref: EHDAA2:0002096
xref: EHDAA:9388
xref: EMAPA:19289
xref: FMA:19843
xref: SCTID:279604006
xref: UMLS:C0227999
xref: VHOG:0000801
xref: ncithesaurus:Tunica_Albuginea
is_a: UBERON:0006610  ! tunica albuginea
is_a: UBERON:0007475  ! matrix-based tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003312 ! mesenchyme of testis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis
intersection_of: UBERON:0006610  ! tunica albuginea
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis
property_value: external_definition "The layer of connective tissue covering the testicles. [Wikipedia_(15/09/09)][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The tunica albuginea testis is the major component of the capsule of mammalian testes. (...) Our results from studying the mole provide evidence that the spatio-temporal pattern of testis development is not perfectly conserved in mammals, since we found differences with respect to the mouse testis organogenesis. This fact is even more significant when we consider that, apart from the mouse, the mole is probably the one of the best-known mammalian species in terms of the genetic control of testis development, implying that more peculiarities would be found if more species were investigated.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006644
name: tunica albuginea of ovary
namespace: uberon
def: "The tunica albuginea is the fibrous envelope of the corpora cavernosa penis. It is comprised of approximately 5% elastin, an extensible tissue that is primarily made up of the amino acids glycine, valine, alanine, and proline. The majority of the remaining tissue is comprised of collagen, which is made up of lysine, proline, glycine, alanine, and other amino acids . The tunica albuginea is directly involved in maintaining an erection; that is due to Buck's fascia constricting the deep dorsal vein of the penis, preventing blood from leaving and thus sustaining the erect state. The trabeculC& of the tunica albuginea are more delicate, nearly uniform in size, and the meshes between them smaller than in the corpora cavernosa penis: their long diameters, for the most part, corresponding with that of the penis. The external envelope or outer coat of the corpus spongiosum is formed partly of unstriped muscular fibers, and a layer of the same tissue immediately surrounds the canal of the urethra." [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_of_testis_%28ovaries%29_%28penis%29_%28penis%29]
synonym: "tunica albuginea corporum cavernosorum, tunica albuginea corporis spongiosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_%28penis%29]
xref: EMAPA:30522
xref: FMA:18630
xref: SCTID:258409003
is_a: UBERON:0006610  ! tunica albuginea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001307 ! capsule of ovary
intersection_of: UBERON:0006610  ! tunica albuginea
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006645
name: adventitia of epididymis
namespace: uberon
def: "An adventitia that is part of a epididymis." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epididymis adventitia" EXACT [FMA:19136]
xref: EMAPA:30443
xref: FMA:19136
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis
intersection_of: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006646
name: muscle layer of epididymis
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle layer that is part of a epididymis." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:30447
xref: FMA:19149
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006647
name: adventitia of ductus deferens
namespace: uberon
def: "An adventitia that is part of a vas deferens." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adventitia of deferent duct" EXACT [FMA:19238]
synonym: "adventitia of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:19238]
synonym: "adventitia of vas deferens" EXACT [FMA:19238]
synonym: "deferent ductal adventitia" EXACT [FMA:19238]
synonym: "tunica adventitia (ductus deferens)" EXACT [FMA:19238]
synonym: "tunica adventitia ductus deferentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19238, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:29767
xref: FMA:19238
xref: SCTID:299803005
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens
intersection_of: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006648
name: adventitia of seminal vesicle
namespace: uberon
def: "An adventitia that is part of a seminal vesicle." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adventitia of seminal gland" EXACT [FMA:19403]
synonym: "seminal vesicle adventitia" EXACT [FMA:19403]
synonym: "tunica adventitia (vesicula seminalis)" EXACT [FMA:19403]
synonym: "tunica adventitia glandulae vesiculosae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19403, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:29775
xref: FMA:19403
xref: SCTID:252406002
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006649
name: suspensory ligament of ovary
namespace: uberon
def: "A fold of peritoneum that extends out from the ovary to the wall of the pelvis. " [Wikipedia:Cooper%27s_ligaments_of_penis_of_ovary]
comment: Some sources consider it a part of the broad ligament of uterus[2] while other sources just consider it a \"termination\" of the ligament.[3]
synonym: "infundibulopelvic fold" EXACT [FMA:19822]
synonym: "infundibulopelvic ligament" EXACT [FMA:19822]
xref: EMAPA:19085
xref: FMA:19822
xref: SCTID:279917007
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0008841  ! suspensory ligament
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006650
name: tunica vaginalis testis
namespace: uberon
def: "The tunica vaginalis is the serous covering of the testis. It is a pouch of serous membrane, derived from the saccus vaginalis of the peritoneum, which in the fetus preceded the descent of the testis from the abdomen into the scrotum. After its descent, that portion of the pouch which extends from the abdominal inguinal ring to near the upper part of the gland becomes obliterated; the lower portion remains as a shut sac, which invests the surface of the testis, and is reflected on to the internal surface of the scrotum; hence it may be described as consisting of a visceral and a parietal lamina." [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis]
comment: We follow FMA is classifying as membranous layer - but this does not account for relationship to mesolthelium (subclass or has part?). The FMA also has 'sac of tunica vaginalis', which is a serous sac
synonym: "lamina parietalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis]
synonym: "lamina visceralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis]
synonym: "tunica vaginalis" RELATED []
synonym: "tunica vaginalis of testis" EXACT [FMA:19844]
synonym: "tunica vaginalis testis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis]
xref: EMAPA:19179
xref: FMA:15863
xref: FMA:19844
xref: SCTID:362281009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray1148.png
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005344 ! peritoneal vaginal process
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006651
name: appendix testis
namespace: uberon
def: "The appendix testis is a vestigial remnant of the Mullerian duct, present on the upper pole of the testis and attached to the tunica vaginalis. It is present about 90% of the time." [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_testis]
comment: Editor notes: the label hydatid of morgagni is ambiguous w.r.t male vs female. The ncita structure 'hydatic of morgani[sic]' is male and thus belongs here. See also 'vesicular appendage of epoophoron'
synonym: "appendices testis" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_testis]
synonym: "appendix of testis" EXACT [FMA:19846]
synonym: "appendix of the testis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_testis]
synonym: "appendix testis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_testis]
synonym: "appendix vesiculosus" RELATED [FMA:18696]
synonym: "hydatid of Morgagni" BROAD [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hydatid+of+Morgagni]
synonym: "hydatid of Morgani" BROAD []
synonym: "hydatid of morgagni" BROAD [FMA:18696]
synonym: "testis appendix" EXACT [FMA:19846]
xref: EMAPA:19087
xref: FMA:19846
xref: SCTID:279601003
xref: UMLS:C1512521
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray1148.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hydatid_of_Morgani
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006650 ! tunica vaginalis testis
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013247 ! male paramesonephric duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
property_value: external_definition "a cystlike remnant of the mC<llerian duct on the upper end of the testis; corresponding female structure: one of the small pedunculated structures attached to the uterine tubes near their fimbriated end; remnants of the mesonephric ducts[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006652
name: muscular layer of vagina
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle tissue that is part of a vagina." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscular coat of vagina" EXACT [FMA:19976]
synonym: "tunica muscularis vaginae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19976, FMA:TA]
synonym: "vaginal muscularis" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:30997
xref: FMA:19976
xref: SCTID:253069005
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006654
name: perineal body
namespace: uberon
def: "The perineal body (or central tendon of perineum) is a pyramidal fibromuscular mass in the middle line of the perineum at the junction between the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle . It is found in both males and females. In males, it is found between the bulb of penis and the anus; in females, is found between the vagina and anus, and about 1.25 cm in front of the latter. The perineal body is essential for the integrity of the pelvic floor, particularly in females. Its rupture during delivery leads to widening of the gap between the anterior free borders of levator ani muscle of both sides, thus predisposing the woman to prolapse of the uterus, rectum, or even the urinary bladder." [Wikipedia:Perineal_body]
synonym: "central tendinous point" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perineal_body]
synonym: "central tendinous point of the perineum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perineal_body]
synonym: "central tendon of perineum" EXACT [FMA:20274, Wikipedia:Perineal_body]
synonym: "corpus perineale, centrum tendineum perinei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Perineal_body]
xref: EMAPA:17892
xref: EMAPA:18921
xref: FMA:20274
xref: SCTID:367754000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gray408.png
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006656
name: deep dorsal vein of penis
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:19219
xref: FMA:21354
xref: SCTID:55433007
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0004803  ! penis epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 ! internal iliac vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006657
name: glenoid fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cavity for the proximal articular surface of the proximal limb or fin element with the scapulocoracoid or equivalent structure." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Glenoid_cavity]
comment: Taxon notes: The glenoid fossa can be associated with the metapterygium in sarcopterygians, or either the meso- or propterygium in basal gnathostomes such as Chondrichthyans[ad]. AO notes: FMA also has classes for the bony parts around the cavity - these may be more useful than the cavity term itself
synonym: "cavitas glenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Glenoid_cavity]
synonym: "cavitas glenoidalis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23275, FMA:TA]
synonym: "cavitus glenoidalis" EXACT [FMA:23275]
synonym: "glenoid cavity" EXACT [AAO:0000749, FMA:23275]
synonym: "glenoid cavity of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23275]
xref: AAO:0000749
xref: EMAPA:25122
xref: FMA:23275
xref: SCTID:181914008
xref: UMLS:C1261046
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Gray328.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Glenoid_Fossa
is_a: UBERON:0004704  ! bone fossa
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001124 ! pectoral limb scapula
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Cavity for the articulation of the forelimb formed by the scapula, coracoid, and clavicle.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006658
name: inter-phalangeal joint
namespace: uberon
synonym: "inter-phalanx joint" EXACT []
synonym: "interphalangeal joint" EXACT [FMA:42765]
xref: FMA:42765
xref: galen:InterphalangealJoint
is_a: UBERON:0003841  ! autopod joint
is_a: UBERON:0011139  ! synovial limb joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0003221 {cardinality="2"} ! phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006659
name: cruciate ligament of knee
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a pair of ligaments arranged like a letter X.[1] They occur in several joints of the body, such as the knee. In a fashion similar to the cords in a toy Jacob's ladder, the crossed ligaments stabilize the joint while allowing a very large range of motion[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament]
synonym: "cruciate ligament" BROAD [FMA:44611]
synonym: "cruciform ligament" BROAD [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament]
xref: FMA:44611
xref: galen:CruciateLigament
is_a: UBERON:0011088  ! ligament of knee joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011106  ! cruciate ligament of atlas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006660
name: muscle layer
namespace: uberon
def: "A region of muscle in many organs in the vertebrate body, adjacent to the submucosa membrane. It is responsible for gut movement such as peristalsis." [Wikipedia:Muscular_layer]
comment: AO notes: NCITA class appears to be defined more generally
synonym: "muscular coat" RELATED [Wikipedia:Muscularis_externa]
synonym: "muscular layer" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscularis" RELATED []
synonym: "muscularis externa" RELATED [BTO:0004838]
synonym: "muscularis layer" EXACT [FMA:45634]
synonym: "muscularis propria" RELATED [Wikipedia:Muscularis_externa]
synonym: "transverse muscular fibers" RELATED [Wikipedia:Muscularis_externa]
synonym: "tunica externa" RELATED [BTO:0004838]
synonym: "tunica muscularis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0004838, Wikipedia:Muscularis_externa]
xref: BTO:0004838
xref: FMA:45634
xref: SCTID:86915006
xref: UMLS:C0225358
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Layer
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000009
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006676
property_value: external_definition "An outer layer of smooth muscle surrounding a hollow or tubular organ as the bladder, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine, stomach, ureter, uterus, and vagina that often consists of an inner layer of circular fibers serving to narrow the lumen of the organ and an outer layer of longitudinal fibers serving to shorten its length[BTO]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006661
name: epicranial aponeurosis
namespace: uberon
def: "The galea aponeurotica (epicranial aponeurosis, aponeurosis epicranialis) is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which covers the upper part of the cranium; behind, it is attached, in the interval between its union with the Occipitales, to the external occipital protuberance and highest nuchal lines of the occipital bone; in front, it forms a short and narrow prolongation between its union with the Frontales. On either side it gives origin to the Auriculares anterior and superior; in this situation it loses its aponeurotic character, and is continued over the temporal fascia to the zygomatic arch as a layer of laminated areolar tissue. It is closely connected to the integument by the firm, dense, fibro-fatty layer which forms the superficial fascia of the scalp: it is attached to the pericranium by loose cellular tissue, which allows the aponeurosis, carrying with it the integument to move through a considerable distance." [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica]
synonym: "Epicranial aponeurosis" EXACT [FMA:46768]
synonym: "Epicranius aponeurosis" EXACT [FMA:46768]
synonym: "Galea aponeurotica" EXACT [FMA:46768]
synonym: "aponeurosis epicranialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46768, FMA:TA]
synonym: "aponeurosis of epicranius" EXACT [FMA:46768]
synonym: "cranial aponeurosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica]
synonym: "epicranial aponeurosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica]
synonym: "galea aponeurosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica]
synonym: "galea aponeurotica; aponeurosis epicranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica]
synonym: "galeal aponeurosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica]
xref: EMAPA:19210
xref: FMA:46768
xref: SCTID:368677009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray378.png
is_a: UBERON:0006614  ! aponeurosis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000403 ! scalp

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006662
name: musculo-phrenic vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "musculophrenic vein" EXACT [FMA:4732]
xref: EMAPA:19222
xref: FMA:4732
xref: SCTID:1895000
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001589 ! internal thoracic vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001589 ! internal thoracic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006663
name: hemiazygos vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The hemiazygos vein (vena azygos minor inferior) is a vein running superiorly in the lower thoracic region, just to the left side of the vertebral column." [Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein]
comment: Taxon notes: The major anatomic variation between the pig and other mammalian species is the presence of the large left azygos vein, which enters the coronary sinus (Fig. 1). In other mammals, hemiazygos vein enters the pre- cava.
synonym: "hemi-azygos vein" EXACT [FMA:4944]
synonym: "hemiazygos" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein]
synonym: "hemiazygos veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein]
synonym: "hemiazygous vein" EXACT [FMA:4944, Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein]
synonym: "inferior hemi-azygos vein" EXACT [FMA:4944]
synonym: "vena hemiazygos" EXACT LATIN [FMA:4944, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein]
xref: EHDAA2:0004534
xref: EMAPA:18251
xref: FMA:4944
xref: SCTID:244408009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray480.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008267 ! left supracardinal vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001594 ! azygos vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001594 ! azygos vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006664
name: greater palatine artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The greater palatine artery is a terminal branch of the maxillary artery. It branches off of the maxillary artery in the pterygopalatine fossa and descends through the greater palatine foramen along with the greater palatine nerve and supplies the hard palate. It also anastomosis through the incisive canal with the sphenopalatine artery to supply the nasal cavity." [Wikipedia:Greater_palatine_artery]
comment: todo - check for synonymy between greater and major; branch_of relation is made in FMA at level of descending GPA
synonym: "arteria palatina major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_palatine_artery]
synonym: "major palatine artery" EXACT [MA:0001993]
xref: EMAPA:18754
xref: FMA:49795
xref: MA:0001993
xref: SCTID:312163002
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001616 ! maxillary artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006665
name: accessory hemiazygos vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The accessory hemiazygos vein (vena azygos minor superior) is a vein on the left side of the vertebral column that generally drains the fifth through eighth intercostal spaces on the left side of the body[WP]." [Wikipedia:Accessory_hemiazygos_vein]
comment: todo - add superclass
synonym: "Accessory hemi-azygos vein" EXACT [FMA:5011]
synonym: "Superior hemi-azygos vein" EXACT [FMA:5011]
synonym: "Vena azygos accessoria" EXACT [FMA:5011]
synonym: "vena hemiazygos accessoria" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5011, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Accessory_hemiazygos_vein]
xref: EMAPA:19217
xref: FMA:5011
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray480.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001594 ! azygos vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006666
name: great cerebral vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The great cerebral vein is one of the large blood vessels in the skull draining the cerebrum (brain)[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Great_cerebral_vein]
synonym: "great cerebral vein" EXACT [FMA:50993]
synonym: "great cerebral vein of Galen" EXACT [FMA:50993]
synonym: "vein of Galen" EXACT [FMA:50993]
xref: EMAPA:19311
xref: FMA:50993
xref: SCTID:244396002
xref: UMLS:C0042448
xref: ncithesaurus:Great_Cerebral_Vein_of_Galen
is_a: UBERON:0001663  ! cerebral vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006667
name: pituitary fossa
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hypophyseal fossa" EXACT [FMA:54721]
synonym: "hypophysial fossa" EXACT [FMA:54721]
synonym: "pituitary fossa" EXACT [FMA:54721]
xref: EMAPA:19195
xref: FMA:54721
xref: SCTID:264194004
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003689 ! sella turcica

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006668
name: carotid canal
namespace: uberon
def: "On the interior surface of the temporal bone, behind the rough surface of the apex, is the large circular aperture of the carotid canal, which ascends at first vertically, and then, making a bend, runs horizontally forward and medialward. It transmits into the cranium, the internal carotid artery, and the carotid plexus of nerves. Sympathetics to the head also pass through the carotid canal. They have several motor functions: raise the eyelid (superior tarsal muscle), dilate pupil, innervate sweat glands of face and scalp and constricts blood vessels in head[WP]." [Wikipedia:Carotid_canal]
synonym: "canalis caroticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Carotid_canal]
xref: EMAPA:18707
xref: FMA:55805
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Gray141.png
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006669
name: alveolar canal
namespace: uberon
def: "The infratemporal surface of the maxilla is pierced about its center by the apertures of the alveolar canals, which transmit the posterior superior alveolar vessels and nerves[WP]." [Wikipedia:Alveolar_canals]
synonym: "canales alveolares maxillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alveolar_canals]
xref: EMAPA:25099
xref: FMA:57743
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Gray157.png
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006670
name: central tendon
namespace: uberon
synonym: "central tendon of diaphragm" EXACT [FMA:58279]
synonym: "centrum tendineum" EXACT [FMA:58279]
synonym: "centrum tendineum diaphragmatis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58279, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:17702
xref: FMA:58279
xref: SCTID:244943002
xref: UMLS:C0230162
xref: VHOG:0001399
xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Tendon_of_the_Diaphragm
is_a: UBERON:0000043  ! tendon
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002359 ! fibrous pericardium
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0006239 ! future central tendon
property_value: homology_notes "In mammals, the diaphragm muscle divides the thoracoabdominal cavity into thorax and abdomen. In most mammals, the diaphragm is a flat sheet with muscle fibers radiating outward from a central tendon, and the diaphragm's apposition to the cranial surface of the liver gives it a dome-shape. Muscle fiber contraction reduces the curvature of the dome, thereby expanding the thoracic cavity and aspirating air into the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006671
name: orbital fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "A fat pad that is part of a orbital region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intraorbital fat pad" EXACT [FMA:59005]
synonym: "orbital fat" EXACT [FMA:59005]
synonym: "orbital fat body" EXACT [FMA:59005]
synonym: "retrobulbar fat" EXACT [FMA:59005]
xref: EMAPA:19152
xref: FMA:59005
xref: SCTID:363656009
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004088 ! ocular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006672
name: incisive canal
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:19034
xref: FMA:59107
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006673
name: mandibular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans, the mandibular canal is a canal within the mandible that contains the inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery, and inferior alveolar vein. It runs obliquely downward and forward in the ramus, and then horizontally forward in the body, where it is placed under the alveoli and communicates with them by small openings" [Wikipedia:Mandibular_canal]
comment: AO notes: TAO has mandibular sensory canal, which is part of the lateral line system
xref: EMAPA:19161
xref: FMA:59473
xref: SCTID:368876003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray1003.png
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006674
name: inguinal ring
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:19172
xref: EMAPA:29307
xref: FMA:65075
xref: SCTID:278830004
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006204 ! inguinal ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006675
name: venous valve
namespace: uberon
def: "A valve that is part of a vein." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "valve of vein" EXACT [FMA:68095]
xref: FMA:68095
is_a: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006676
name: muscularis mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A the thin layer of smooth muscle found in most parts of the gastrointestinal tract, located outside the lamina propria mucosae and separating it from the submucosa[WP]." [Wikipedia:Muscularis_mucosae]
synonym: "lamina muscularis mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0004839]
synonym: "laminar muscularis mucosa" RELATED [Wikipedia:Muscularis_mucosae]
synonym: "muscularis mucosae" EXACT [FMA:68413]
xref: BTO:0004839
xref: FMA:68413
xref: SCTID:370140002
xref: UMLS:C0225357
xref: galen:MuscularisMucosae
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Gray1058.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscularis_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006677
name: surface of epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical boundary that adjacent_to a epithelium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium surface" EXACT [FMA:70997]
xref: FMA:70997
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006678
name: foramen secundum
namespace: uberon
def: "a foramen in the septum primum." [Wikipedia:Foramen_secundum]
synonym: "foramen secundum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foramen_secundum]
synonym: "ostium secundum" EXACT [SCTID:308854001]
xref: EHDAA2:0001828
xref: EMAPA:17863
xref: FMA:71105
xref: SCTID:308854001
xref: UMLS:C1517293
xref: VHOG:0001471
xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_Secundum
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004154 ! septum primum
property_value: external_definition "Second of the two openings to perforate the septum primum between the two atria of the embryonic heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether. [ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620]; [about heart development] In the various tetrapod classes ontogenetic events essentially recapitulate the phylogenetic stages.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006679
name: carina of trachea
namespace: uberon
def: "In anatomy, the carina is a cartilaginous ridge within the trachea that runs anteroposteriorly between the two primary bronchi at the site of the tracheal bifurcation at the lower end of the trachea (usually at the level of the 4th to 5th thoracic vertebrae). The mucous membrane of the carina is the most sensitive area of the trachea and larynx for triggering a cough reflex. Widening and distortion of the carina is a serious sign because it usually indicates carcinoma of the lymph nodes around the region where the trachea divides. Tracheobronchial injury, an injury to the airways, occurs within 2.5 cm of the carina 40b80% of the time." [Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea]
synonym: "bifurcation of the trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea]
synonym: "carina" BROAD [FMA:7465]
synonym: "carina %28anatomy%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea]
synonym: "carina of trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea]
synonym: "carina tracheae" EXACT LATIN [EMAPA:18407, Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea]
synonym: "tracheal carina" EXACT [FMA:7465]
xref: EMAPA:18407
xref: FMA:7465
xref: SCTID:181214003
xref: UMLS:C0225594
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Diagrama_de_los_pulmones-c.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Carina
is_a: UBERON:0003604  ! trachea cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
relationship: connects UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011604  ! carina of sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006680
name: trachealis
namespace: uberon
def: "A smooth muscle tissue that bridges the gap between free ends of C-shaped cartilages at the posterior border of the trachea, adjacent to the esophagus. A primary function of the trachealis is to constrict the windpipe, allowing for higher velocity of air in the windpipe during coughing[WP, modified]." [Wikipedia:Trachealis_muscle]
synonym: "tracheal muscle" EXACT [FMA:7466]
synonym: "trachealis muscle" EXACT [FMA:7466]
xref: EMAPA:19193
xref: FMA:7466
xref: SCTID:197333002
is_a: UBERON:0003387  ! smooth muscle of trachea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003387 ! smooth muscle of trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006681
name: interthalamic adhesion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Interthalamic connection" EXACT [FMA:74869]
synonym: "Middle commissure" EXACT [FMA:74869]
xref: EMAPA:18546
xref: FMA:74869
is_a: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006682
name: hypoglossal canal
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:19012
xref: FMA:75370
xref: SCTID:139380001
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006683
name: posterior fontanelle
namespace: uberon
def: "In humans, the posterior fontanelle (or occipital fontanelle) is a gap between bones in the skull, triangular in form and situated at the junction of the sagittal suture and lambdoidal suture. It generally closes in 6b8 weeks from birth. A delay in closure is associated with congential hypothyroidism." [Wikipedia:Posterior_fontanelle]
synonym: "fonticulus posterior" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "occipital posterior" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "posterior fontanelle of skull" EXACT LATIN []
xref: EMAPA:19200
xref: FMA:75440
xref: SCTID:244681005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray197.png
is_a: UBERON:0002221  ! fontanelle
relationship: connects UBERON:0002491 ! lambdoid suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0002492 ! sagittal suture

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006684
name: sphenoidal fontanelle
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Pterion]
comment: See also FMA:264720
synonym: "sphenoidal fontanelle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterion]
xref: EMAPA:19229
xref: FMA:75441
xref: SCTID:136955008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Pterion.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002221  ! fontanelle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006685
name: pharyngeal tubercle
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:19250
xref: FMA:75746
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006686
name: spinal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that is part of a vertebral column." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Spinal vein" EXACT [FMA:76735]
synonym: "spinal branch" RELATED [FMA:76735]
synonym: "vena spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76735, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:18255
xref: FMA:76735
xref: SCTID:181376008
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006687
name: median sacral vein
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:26064
xref: FMA:77168
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 ! internal iliac vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006688
name: sublingual caruncle
namespace: uberon
def: "The sublingual caruncle is a site on either side of the frenulum linguae on the sublingual surface of the tongue. There it denotes the site at which the submandibular gland empties into the oral cavity." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_caruncle]
synonym: "caruncula sublingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sublingual_caruncle]
xref: EMAPA:18961
xref: FMA:77273
xref: SCTID:85139009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Gray1202.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006689
name: frenulum of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "The frenulum of tongue (or lingual frenulum) is the frenulum of the tongue, a small fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the midline of the underside of the tongue." [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue]
synonym: "frenulum" BROAD []
synonym: "frenulum lingu%c3%a6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue]
synonym: "frenulum linguae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue]
synonym: "frenulum of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue]
synonym: "lingual frenulum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue]
synonym: "lingual frenum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue]
synonym: "oral frenula" EXACT PLURAL [HP:0000190]
synonym: "oral frenulum" EXACT [HP:0000190]
synonym: "tongue frenulum" EXACT [FMA:54659]
xref: EMAPA:18656
xref: EMAPA:18874
xref: FMA:54659
xref: SCTID:264113009
xref: UMLS:C2339893
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Gray1202.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Frenulum
is_a: UBERON:0005020  ! mucosa of tongue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006691
name: tentorium cerebelli
namespace: uberon
def: "The tentorium cerebelli or cerebellar tentorium is an extension of the dura mater that separates the cerebellum from the inferior portion of the occipital lobes." [Wikipedia:Tentorium_cerebelli]
synonym: "Cerebellar tentorium" EXACT [FMA:83966]
synonym: "infratentorial neoplasms" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tentorium_cerebelli]
synonym: "supratentorial neoplasms" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tentorium_cerebelli]
xref: EMAPA:18210
xref: FMA:83966
xref: SCTID:244428008
xref: UMLS:C0228121
xref: VHOG:0001298
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Illu_tentorium.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Tentorium_Cerebelli
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater
property_value: external_definition "The tentorium cerebelli or cerebellar tentorium (Latin:  [][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006692
name: vertebral canal
namespace: uberon
def: "The spinal canal (or vertebral canal or spinal cavity) is the space in vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes. It is a process of the dorsal human body cavity. This canal is enclosed within the vertebral foramen of the vertebrae. In the intervertebral spaces, the canal is protected by the ligamentum flavum posteriorly and the posterior longitudinal ligament anteriorly. The outermost layer of the meninges, the dura mater, is closely associated with the arachnoid which in turn is loosely connected to the innermost layer of the meninges, the pia mater. The meninges divide the spinal canal into the epidural space and the subarachnoid space. The pia mater is closely attached to the spinal cord. A subdural space is generally only present due to trauma and/or pathological situations. The subarachnoid space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid and contains the vessels that supply the spinal cord, namely the anterior spinal artery and the paired posterior spinal arteries, accompanied by a corresponding spinal veins. The spinal arteries form anastomoses known as the vasocorona of the spinal cord. The epidural space contains loose fatty tissue, and a network of large, thin-walled blood vessels called the anterior vertebral venous plexus and the posterior vertebral venous plexus The spinal canal was first described by Jean Fernel." [Wikipedia:Spinal_canal]
comment: todo - check neural vs vertebral canal; embryonic vs adult?
synonym: "c. vertebralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_canal]
synonym: "foramen vertebrale" RELATED [AAO:0000693]
synonym: "neural canal" RELATED [AAO:0000693]
synonym: "spinal canal" RELATED [AAO:0000693]
synonym: "spinal cavity" RELATED [Wikipedia:Spinal_canal]
synonym: "vertebral canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Spinal_canal]
xref: AAO:0000693
xref: EMAPA:25440
xref: EMAPA:25448
xref: EMAPA:25456
xref: EMAPA:25464
xref: EMAPA:25472
xref: EMAPA:25480
xref: EMAPA:25488
xref: EMAPA:25496
xref: EMAPA:25504
xref: EMAPA:25512
xref: EMAPA:25520
xref: EMAPA:25528
xref: EMAPA:25536
xref: EMAPA:25544
xref: EMAPA:25552
xref: EMAPA:25560
xref: EMAPA:25568
xref: EMAPA:25576
xref: EMAPA:25584
xref: EMAPA:25592
xref: EMAPA:25600
xref: EMAPA:25608
xref: EMAPA:25616
xref: EMAPA:25624
xref: EMAPA:25632
xref: EMAPA:25640
xref: EMAPA:25648
xref: EMAPA:25656
xref: EMAPA:25664
xref: EMAPA:25672
xref: EMAPA:25680
xref: EMAPA:25688
xref: EMAPA:25731
xref: EMAPA:25738
xref: EMAPA:25745
xref: EMAPA:25752
xref: EMAPA:25759
xref: EMAPA:26521
xref: EMAPA:26537
xref: FMA:9680
xref: GAID:242
xref: SCTID:361746009
xref: UMLS:C0037922
xref: UMLS:C1522467
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray82.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Canal
xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Canal
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
property_value: external_definition "Canal formed by the vertebral centra ventrally, the pedicels laterally, and the neural arches dorsally that encloses and protects the spinal cord.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006693
name: protein-based cuticle
namespace: uberon
def: "An example of this is found in Caenorhabditis elegans" [GO:0007592]
is_a: UBERON:0001002  ! cuticle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006694
name: cerebellum vasculature
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0005284  ! brain vasculature
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006695
name: mammillary axonal complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The mammillary axonal complex is formed by the axons from the lateral, medial mammillary and the dorsal premammillary nuclei which share a branching pattern. Every neuron gives off one axonal stem that bifurcates into 2 branches. One of the branches is directed dorsally to the thalamus and another caudally to the midbrain[GO]." [GO:0061373]
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006696
name: mammillothalamic axonal tract
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0009642
def: "The mammillothalamic tract is the collection of axons that connects the two major subdivisions of the diencephalon (hypothalamus and thalamus) and closes the diencephalic circuit[GO]." [GO:0061374, Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus]
comment: The mammillothalamic fasciculus arises from cells in both the medial and lateral nuclei of the mammillary body and by fibers that are directly continued from the fornix. The Mammillothalamic fasciculus then connects the mammillary body to the dorsal tegmental nuclei, the ventral tegmental nuclei, and the anterior thalamic nucleus [WP]
synonym: "bundle of vicq d%27azyr" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus]
synonym: "bundle of vicq d%e2%80%99azyr" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus]
synonym: "fasciculus mammillothalamicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus]
synonym: "mamillo-thalamic tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus]
synonym: "mammillo-thalamic fasciculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus]
synonym: "mammillothalamic fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:83849]
synonym: "mammillothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:83849, Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus]
synonym: "thalamomammillary fasciculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus]
synonym: "vicq d'azyr's bundle" EXACT [FMA:83849]
xref: FMA:83849
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010016
is_a: UBERON:0011591  ! tract of diencephalon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006697
name: mammillotectal axonal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The mammillotectal tract is the collection of axons that connects the ventral diencephalon to the superior colliculus." [GO:0061375]
is_a: UBERON:0011591  ! tract of diencephalon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006698
name: mammillotegmental axonal tract
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0002725
def: "The mammillotegmental tract is the collection of axons that connects the ventral diencephalon to the tegmentum and pons" [GO:0061376]
synonym: "Gudden tract" EXACT [FMA:62058]
synonym: "mammillotegmental fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:62058]
synonym: "mammillotegmental tract" EXACT [FMA:62058]
synonym: "mammillotegmental tract of hypothalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1497]
synonym: "von Gudden's tract" EXACT [FMA:62058]
xref: FMA:62058
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1497
xref: SCTID:369140005
is_a: UBERON:0011591  ! tract of diencephalon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000988 ! pons
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006699
name: foramen caecum of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsum of the tongue is convex and marked by a median sulcus, which divides it into symmetrical halves; this sulcus ends behind, about 2.5 cm from the root of the organ, in a depression, the foramen cecum, from which a shallow groove, the sulcus terminalis, runs lateral and anterior on either side to the margin of the tongue. The foramen cecum is the point of attachment of the thyroglossal duct and is formed during the embryological descent of the thyroid gland." [Wikipedia:Foramen_cecum_%28tongue%29]
comment: consider merging with FC of thyroid
synonym: "f. caecum linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foramen_cecum_%28tongue%29]
synonym: "foramen cecum of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54828]
synonym: "foramen of morgagni" EXACT [FMA:54828]
synonym: "morand's foramen" EXACT [FMA:54828]
xref: FMA:54828
xref: SCTID:368738001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Foramen_caecum.png
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
disjoint_from: UBERON:0006713  ! foramen cecum of frontal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006713
name: foramen cecum of frontal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The frontal crest of the frontal bone ends below in a small notch which is converted into a foramen, the foramen cecum, by articulation with the ethmoid. This foramen varies in size in different subjects, and is frequently impervious; when open, it transmits a vein from the nose to the superior sagittal sinus. This has clinical importance in that infections of the nose and nearby areas can be transmitted to the meninges and brain from what is known as the danger triangle of the face." [Wikipedia:Foramen_cecum_%28frontal_bone%29]
comment: todo - check if this is what the FMA ID really denotes
synonym: "f. caecum ossis frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foramen_cecum_%28frontal_bone%29]
xref: FMA:57443
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray135.png
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006714
name: tibiofibula
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired, endochondral bones formed by the fusion of the tibia and fibula. They form the shanks, extending from the knees to the ankles." [AAO:Maglia_et_al_2007]
synonym: "os cruris" RELATED [AAO:0000902]
synonym: "tibia-fibula" EXACT [XAO:0003213]
synonym: "tibiofibula" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000902
xref: XAO:0003213
is_a: UBERON:0004251  ! hindlimb zeugopod bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006715
name: radio-ulna
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired, long bones of endochondral origin formed by the fusion of the radius and ulna." [AAO:Maglia_et_al_2007]
synonym: "radioulna" EXACT [XAO:0003209]
synonym: "radius-ulna" EXACT [XAO:0003209]
xref: AAO:0000901
xref: XAO:0003209
is_a: UBERON:0003466  ! forelimb zeugopod bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010848 ! radius-ulna cartilage condensation
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006716
name: mesopodium region
namespace: uberon
def: "The third segment of the limb, including either the wrist segment (carpus) or the ankle segment (tarsus)" [MA:th, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Carpus_and_tarsus_of_land_vertebrates]
comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group
synonym: "carpus/tarsus" EXACT []
synonym: "mesopod" RELATED []
synonym: "mesopodial limb segment" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "mesopodial segment" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region
intersection_of: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006717
name: autopodial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an autopodium region." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group
synonym: "autopod skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "autopodial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005019]
synonym: "autopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005019, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "skeletal parts of autopod" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "skeleton of autopod" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: VSAO:0005019
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010712  ! limb skeleton subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 ! skeleton of limb
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0011584 ! zeugopodial skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
property_value: external_definition "Distal section of the limb skeleton, consisting of the anterior autopodium or posterior autopodium.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006718
name: medial pterygoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial pterygoid (or internal pterygoid muscle), is a thick, quadrilateral muscle of mastication. The mandibular branch of the fifth cranial nerve, the trigeminal nerve, innervates the medial pterygoid muscle." [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "internal pterygoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "internal pterygoid muscle" RELATED []
synonym: "medial pterygoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "musculus pterygoideus internus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "musculus pterygoideus medialis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "pterygoid medialis" EXACT [MA:0002361]
synonym: "pterygoidei internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "pterygoideus internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "pterygoideus medial" EXACT [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "pterygoideus medialis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle]
xref: BTO:0005226
xref: EMAPA:25141
xref: FMA:49011
xref: MA:0002361
xref: SCTID:244771003
xref: UMLS:C1512882
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Musculuspterygoideusmedialis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Pterygoid_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006720  ! pterygoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve
property_value: external_definition "The medial pterygoid is a pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the nerve to the medial pterygoid and attaches to the cranial base and the medial side of the mandibular angle.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006719
name: lateral pterygoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral pterygoid (or external pterygoid) is a muscle of mastication with two heads." [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "external pterygoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "lateral pteregoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "lateral pteregoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "lateral pterygoid" BROAD [FMA:49015, Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "m. pterygoideus externus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "m. pterygoideus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "musculus pterygoides lateralis" EXACT [FMA:49015]
synonym: "musculus pterygoideus externus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "musculus pterygoideus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "pterygoid lateralis" BROAD [MA:0002360]
synonym: "pterygoideus externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "pterygoideus externus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "pterygoideus lateral" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
synonym: "pterygoideus lateral muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle]
xref: EMAPA:25140
xref: FMA:49015
xref: MA:0002360
xref: SCTID:244772005
xref: UMLS:C1517045
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Musculuspterygoideuslateralis.png
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Pterygoid_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006720  ! pterygoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004657 ! mandible condylar process
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004649 ! sphenoid bone pterygoid process
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0013647 ! lateral pterygoid nerve
property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, is innervated by the lateral pterygoid nerve branches, and attaches to the condylar process of the mandible and TMJ capsule, and the cranial base.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006720
name: pterygoid muscle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:3010730
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "pterygoid" RELATED INCONSISTENT [EMAPA:25139]
synonym: "pterygoideus" RELATED []
synonym: "pterygoideus muscle" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010730
xref: EMAPA:25139
xref: GAID:147
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.600.700
xref: SCTID:244770002
is_a: UBERON:0003681  ! masticatory muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006721
name: alisphenoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The greater wing of the sphenoid bone, or alisphenoid, is a bony process of the sphenoid bone; there is one on each side, extending from the side of the body of the sphenoid and curving upward, laterally, and backwards[WP]." [Wikipedia:Greater_wing_of_sphenoid_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: The alisphenoid in mammals is part cartilage bone, part membrane bone[PMC1231738] In many mammals, e.g. the dog, the greater wing of the sphenoid bone stays through life a separate bone called the alisphenoid[WP]. Development notes: The mammalian alisphenoid forms the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, which contributes a small part of the skull vault just caudal to the orbit, and also underlies the basal part of the frontal and parietal bones in the fetus (Iseki et al. 1997)[PMID:11523816].
synonym: "ala major (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52868]
synonym: "ala major ossis sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_wing_of_sphenoid_bone]
synonym: "alisphenoid bone" EXACT SENSU [MA:0002772]
synonym: "epipterygoid" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone]
synonym: "epipterygoid bone" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone]
synonym: "greater wing of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:52868]
synonym: "greater wing of sphenoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002772]
synonym: "greater wing of sphenoidal bone" EXACT [FMA:52868]
xref: FMA:52868
xref: MA:0002772
xref: SCTID:361298007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray145.png
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009637 ! alisphenoid ossification center
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010733 ! alisphenoid cartilage condensation
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006723
name: cochlear modiolus
namespace: uberon
def: "The modiolus is a conical shaped central axis in the cochlea. The Modiolus consists of spongy bone and the cochlea turns approximately 2.75 times around the modiolus The spiral ganglion is situated inside the bony modiolus." [Wikipedia:Modiolus_%28cochlea%29]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "cochlea modiolus" EXACT [FMA:61278]
synonym: "columella cochleae" RELATED [BTO:0001693]
synonym: "modiolus" BROAD [MA:0001182]
synonym: "modiolus of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:61278]
xref: BTO:0001693
xref: FMA:61278
xref: MA:0001182
xref: SCTID:361314007
xref: UMLS:C0229503
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray921.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Modiolus
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0006585  ! vestibular organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007223 ! osseus cochlea
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011386  ! facial modiolus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006724
name: osseus spiral lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "The osseous spiral lamina is a bony shelf or ledge which projects from the modiolus into the interior of the canal, and, like the canal, takes two-and-three-quarter turns around the modiolus. It reaches about half-way toward the outer wall of the tube, and partially divides its cavity into two passages or scalae, of which the upper is named the scala vestibuli, while the lower is termed the scala tympani." [Wikipedia:Osseous_spiral_lamina]
synonym: "lamina modioli cochleae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77710, FMA:TA]
synonym: "lamina of modiolus cochleae" EXACT [FMA:77710]
synonym: "lamina of modiolus of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:77710]
synonym: "osseous spiral lamina" EXACT []
synonym: "osseous spiral lamina of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:77710]
xref: FMA:77710
xref: MA:0001184
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0006585  ! vestibular organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006723 ! cochlear modiolus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007223 ! osseus cochlea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006725
name: spiral ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "A spiral thickening of the fibrous lining of the cochlear wall. Spiral ligament secures the membranous cochlear duct to the bony spiral canal of the cochlea. Its spiral ligament fibrocytes function in conjunction with the stria vascularis to mediate cochlear ion homeostasis." [MESH:MESH, Wikipedia:Spiral_ligament, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=3557974&group_id=76834]
comment: Note that this is not classified as a ligament in FMA
synonym: "ligamentum spirale ductus cochlearis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Spiral_ligament]
synonym: "spiral cochlear ligament" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "spiral ligament of cochlear duct" EXACT [FMA:77834]
xref: A09.246.631.246.965
xref: FMA:77834
xref: MA:0001192
xref: SCTID:279840005
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006106 ! cochlear canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006726
name: outer canthus
namespace: uberon
comment: see also FMA:59321
synonym: "lateral angle of eye" RELATED [FMA:59321]
synonym: "lateral canthus" RELATED [MA:0001264]
synonym: "lateral canthus of eye" EXACT [FMA:59321]
synonym: "lateral palpebral commissure" EXACT [FMA:59315]
synonym: "temporal canthus" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000910
xref: EHDAA:9039
xref: FMA:59315
xref: MA:0001264
xref: SCTID:362525004
xref: UMLS:C1711189
xref: VHOG:0001571
xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Canthus
is_a: UBERON:0006742  ! canthus
property_value: external_definition "The angle at the end of the palpebral fissure, the slit between the eyelids, close to the temporal region of the skull. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, adapted_from_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, p.263][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006727
name: liver left lateral lobe
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral segment of left lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:14501]
synonym: "lateral segment of liver" EXACT [FMA:14501]
synonym: "segmentum laterale (lobus hepatis sinister)" EXACT [FMA:14501]
xref: FMA:14501
xref: MA:0001641
xref: SCTID:271288003
is_a: UBERON:0001115  ! left lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006728
name: liver left medial lobe
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial segment of left lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:14500]
synonym: "medial segment of liver" EXACT [FMA:14500]
synonym: "segmentum mediale (lobus hepatis sinister)" EXACT [FMA:14500]
xref: FMA:14500
xref: MA:0001642
xref: SCTID:271085007
is_a: UBERON:0001115  ! left lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006729
name: liver perisinusoidal space
namespace: uberon
def: "The space of Disse (or perisinusoidal space) is a location in the liver between a hepatocyte and a sinusoid. It contains the blood plasma. Microvilli of hepatocytes extend into this space, allowing proteins and other plasma components from the sinusoids to be taken up by the hepatocytes. This space may be obliterated in liver disease, leading to decreased uptake by hepatocytes of nutrients and wastes (like bilirubin, for example). The Space of Disse also contains Ito cells, also called hepatic stellate cells, which store fat or fat soluble vitamins. Excessive intake of fat soluble vitamins can lead to pathologically enlarged Ito cells, which can form collagen and lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis. The Space of Disse was named after German anatomist, Joseph Disse (1852b1912)." [Wikipedia:Space_of_Disse]
synonym: "Disse's space" EXACT [FMA:63162]
synonym: "hepatic perisinusoidal space" EXACT [FMA:63162]
synonym: "perisinusoidal space" RELATED [Wikipedia:Space_of_Disse]
synonym: "perisinusoidal space of Disse" EXACT [FMA:63162]
synonym: "space of Disse" EXACT [FMA:63162]
xref: FMA:63162
xref: MA:0002497
xref: SCTID:17779003
xref: UMLS:C0227530
xref: ncithesaurus:Perisinusoidal_Space
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006742
name: canthus
namespace: uberon
def: "Canthus (pl. canthi, palpebral commissures) is either corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet. The bicanthal plane is the transversal plane linking both canthi and defines the upper boundary of the midface." [Wikipedia:Canthus]
synonym: "bicanthal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus]
synonym: "bicanthal plane" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus]
synonym: "canthi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus]
synonym: "canthoplasty" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus]
synonym: "canthorum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus]
synonym: "canthus %28anatomy%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus]
synonym: "palpebral commissure" EXACT [FMA:59222]
xref: FMA:59222
xref: SCTID:181145006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray892.png
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006743
name: paleodentate of dentate nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "PDT" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1490]
synonym: "paleodentate of dentate nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1490]
synonym: "paleodentate part of dentate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72540]
synonym: "paleodentate portion of dentate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72540]
xref: FMA:72540
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1490
is_a: UBERON:0002946  ! regional part of cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006749
name: superior parathyroid gland
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: Mammals typically have four parathyroids, while other groups typically have six
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: EHDAA2:0001954
xref: EHDAA:3870
xref: EHDAA:9135
xref: FMA:55558
xref: SCTID:245540001
xref: UMLS:C0447651
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Parathyroid_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001132  ! parathyroid gland
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006755
name: inferior parathyroid gland
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: Mammals typically have four parathyroids, while other groups typically have six
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: EHDAA2:0000821
xref: EHDAA:3864
xref: EHDAA:9127
xref: FMA:55559
xref: SCTID:245542009
xref: UMLS:C0447650
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Parathyroid_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001132  ! parathyroid gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007124 ! pharyngeal pouch 3
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010025 ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 3
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006756
name: median lingual swelling
namespace: uberon
def: "During the third week of embryological development there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line. The site of their meeting remains post-embryonically as the median sulcus of the tongue. The tuberculum impar is said to form the central part of the tongue immediately in front of the foramen cecum, but Hammar insists that it is purely a transitory structure and forms no part of the adult tongue[WP, Gray's]." [Wikipedia:Tuberculum_impar]
comment: The thyroid initially develops caudal to the tuberculum impar . This embryonic swelling arises from the first pharyngeal arch and occurs midline on the floor of the developing pharynx, eventually helping form the tongue as the 2 lateral lingual swellings overgrow it. [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845125-overview]
synonym: "median lingual swelling" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001081]
synonym: "median tongue bud" EXACT [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845125-overview]
synonym: "tuberculum impar" EXACT []
synonym: "tuberculum linguale mediale" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tuberculum_impar]
xref: EHDAA2:0001081
xref: EMAPA:17187
xref: SCTID:308821003
xref: VHOG:0000730
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray979.png
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006260 ! lingual swellings
property_value: homology_notes "Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006757
name: lateral lingual swelling
namespace: uberon
def: "During the third week there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings (or distal tongue bud) which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line." [Wikipedia:Lateral_lingual_swelling]
comment: Structure notes: paired
synonym: "lateral lingual prominence" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral swellings" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_lingual_swelling]
synonym: "tuberculum laterale" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_lingual_swelling]
synonym: "tuberculum linguale laterale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_lingual_swelling]
xref: EHDAA2:0000911
xref: EMAPA:17189
xref: VHOG:0000731
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray979.png
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006260 ! lingual swellings
property_value: homology_notes "Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006761
name: corneo-scleral junction
namespace: uberon
def: "The corneal limbus is the border of the cornea and the sclera (the white of the eye). The limbus is a common site for the occurrence of corneal epithelial neoplasm. Limbus contains radially oriented fibrovascular ridges known as the palisades of Vogt that may harbour a stem cell population[WP]. An annular transitional zone, approximately 1 mm wide, between the cornea and the bulbar conjunctiva and sclera. It is highly vascular and is involved in the metabolism of the cornea. It is ophthalmologically significant in that it appears on the outer surface of the eyeball as a slight furrow, marking the line between the clear cornea and the sclera. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)[MeSH]" [Wikipedia:Corneal_limbus]
comment: This location has parts such as blood vessels etc. See PMC2868485, PMID:2695343
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "corneal limbus" EXACT [FMA:58342, GAID:896]
synonym: "corneal-scleral limbus" EXACT [PMID:17051547]
synonym: "corneoscleral junction" RELATED [GAID:896]
synonym: "limbus corneae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corneal_limbus]
synonym: "sclerocorneal junction" EXACT [FMA:58342]
synonym: "sclerocorneal limbus" RELATED [GAID:896]
xref: EFO:0001403
xref: FMA:58342
xref: GAID:896
xref: MESH:A09.371.060.217.659
xref: SCTID:63716004
xref: ZFA:0005570
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Limbus.png
is_a: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
relationship: connects UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
relationship: connects UBERON:0001773 ! sclera
intersection_of: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001773 ! sclera

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006762
name: suspensory ligament of lens
namespace: uberon
def: "The zonule of Zinn (Zinn's membrane, ciliary zonule) is a ring of fibrous strands connecting the ciliary body with the crystalline lens of the eye. The zonule of Zinn is split into two layers: a thin layer, which lines the hyaloid fossa, and a thicker layer, which is a collection of zonular fibers. Together, the fibers are known as the suspensory ligament of the lens[WP]. Modified or toughened vitreous that suspend the lens at the equator to the non-pigmented epithelium of the ciliary zone. In zebrafish, dorsal zonules are thickened as compared to ventral zonules. In both dorsal and ventral regions, these fibers delimit the vitreous body aqueous humor boundary[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "Zinn's membrane" EXACT [FMA:58838]
synonym: "ciliary zonule" EXACT [FMA:58838, Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn]
synonym: "suspensory ligament of the lens" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn]
synonym: "zonula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn]
synonym: "zonula ciliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn]
synonym: "zonular fiber" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn]
synonym: "zonule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn]
synonym: "zonule of Zinn" EXACT [FMA:58838]
synonym: "zonules" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005573]
xref: FMA:58838
xref: SCTID:362524000
xref: ZFA:0005573
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008841  ! suspensory ligament
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001797 ! vitreous humor
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006763
name: epithelium of conjunctiva
namespace: uberon
def: "Layer of nonkeratinized squamous epithelium lining the conjunctiva, overlying scleral tissue" []
synonym: "conjunctiva epithelium" EXACT [FMA:62131]
synonym: "conjunctival epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0005131]
xref: BTO:0005131
xref: EFO:0001916
xref: FMA:62131
xref: UMLS:C1179037
xref: ncithesaurus:Conjunctival_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010304  ! non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006764
name: anterior communicating artery
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the anterior communicating artery is a blood vessel of the brain that connects the left and right anterior cerebral arteries. The anterior communicating artery connects the two anterior cerebral arteries across the commencement of the longitudinal fissure. Sometimes this vessel is wanting, the two arteries joining together to form a single trunk, which afterward divides; or it may be wholly, or partially, divided into two. Its length averages about 4 mm, but varies greatly. It gives off some of the anteromedial ganglionic vessels, but these are principally derived from the anterior cerebral artery. It is part of the cerebral arterial circle, also known as the circle of Willis." [Wikipedia:Anterior_communicating_artery]
synonym: "arteria communicans anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_communicating_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0000586
xref: EMAPA:18599
xref: FMA:50169
xref: SCTID:181311009
xref: UMLS:C0149562
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Communicating_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0006347  ! communicating artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001624 ! anterior cerebral artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003709 ! circle of Willis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006765
name: left anterior vena cava
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18418
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001585 ! anterior vena cava

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006766
name: right anterior vena cava
namespace: uberon
comment: The mouse has both left and right anterior vena cava. adult humans only have a right. Postnatally the left regresses and becomes non-functional (Wessels and Sedmera 2003). Note that FMA:4720 is equivalent to both anterior vena cava and right anterior vena cava
xref: EMAPA:18419
xref: FMA:4720
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001585 ! anterior vena cava

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006767
name: head of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "The hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone[Stedman, 26th ed]. The femur head is the highest part of the thigh bone. It is supported by the neck of the femur. The head is globular and forms rather more than a hemisphere, is directed upward, medialward, and a little forward, the greater part of its convexity being above and in front. Its surface is smooth, coated with cartilage in the fresh state, except over an ovoid depression, the fovea capitis femoris, which is situated a little below and behind the center of the head, and gives attachment to the ligament of head of femur. If there is a fracture of the neck of the femur, the blood supply through the ligament becomes crucial. In orthopedic surgery, the head of the femur is important because it can undergo avascular necrosis and consequent osteochondritis dissecans. The head is removed in total hip replacement surgery [WP]." [MESH:A02.835.232.500.247.343, Wikipedia:Femur_head]
synonym: "acetabular head" EXACT [AAO:0000892]
synonym: "capital femoral epiphysis" RELATED [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/capital+femoral+epiphysis]
synonym: "caput femoris" RELATED LATIN [AAO:0000892, Wikipedia:Femur_head]
synonym: "femoral head" EXACT [FMA:32851]
synonym: "femur head" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.232.500.247.343]
xref: AAO:0000892
xref: FMA:32851
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.247.343
xref: SCTID:361791000
xref: UMLS:C0015813
xref: galen:FemoralHead
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Femur
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur
property_value: external_definition "Proximal head of the femur, which articulates with the acetabulum.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006768
name: epiphyseal line
namespace: uberon
synonym: "epiphysial junction" EXACT [FMA:9918]
synonym: "line of bony union" EXACT [FMA:9918]
xref: FMA:9918
xref: SCTID:333108008
is_a: UBERON:0010361  ! synostosis
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006770
name: apophysis
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:75428
xref: SCTID:65000005
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006771
name: long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone
namespace: uberon
def: "germinal layer of the epiphyseal plate where cells are actively dividing as well as producing extracellular matrix[MP]." [MP:0003662]
comment: In this zone, chondrocytes undergo rapid mitosis, forming distinctive looking stacks[WP]
synonym: "epiphyseal plate proliferative zone" EXACT []
synonym: "zone of proliferation" RELATED [MA:0002976]
xref: MA:0002976
is_a: UBERON:0006775  ! zone of epiphyseal plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006772
name: long bone epiphyseal plate hypertrophic zone
namespace: uberon
def: "the layer of the epiphyseal plate of a long bone where chondrocytes mature and enlarge[MP]." [MP:0000165, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3442184&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: note that there is also MA:0002849
synonym: "epiphyseal plate hypertrophic zone" EXACT []
synonym: "hypertrophic chondrocyte zone" RELATED [MP:0000165]
synonym: "long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone" RELATED [MP:0000165]
synonym: "maturation zone" RELATED [MA:0002977]
synonym: "zone of hypertrophic chondrocytes" RELATED [MA:0002977]
xref: MA:0002977
is_a: UBERON:0006775  ! zone of epiphyseal plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006773
name: long bone epiphyseal plate ossification zone
namespace: uberon
def: "layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited[MP]." [MP:0006399]
synonym: "epiphyseal plate ossification zone" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0006775  ! zone of epiphyseal plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006775
name: zone of epiphyseal plate
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006776
name: annular epiphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "secondary growth centers occurring as rings at the periphery of the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral body." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epiphysis]
comment: note that here epiphysis means deriving from a separate ossification center
synonym: "anular epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:75792]
xref: FMA:75792
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006777
name: tectal plate
namespace: uberon
def: "embryologic structure that is formed by two longitudinal eminences, one on each alar plate of the midbrain. These eminences become the superior colliculus and inferior colliculus ( Carpenter-1983 )]" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=a&amp;ID=453]
comment: The term \"tectal plate\" (or \"quadrigeminal plate\") is used to describe the junction of the gray and white matter in the embryo. (NeuroNames ancil-453)
synonym: "lamina quadrigemina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77488, FMA:TA]
synonym: "quadrigeminal plate" EXACT [FMA:77488]
xref: FMA:77488
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006779
name: superficial white layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "superficial white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists mainly of axions from the optic nerve." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "lamina III of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris iii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71112, FMA:TA]
synonym: "layer III of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71112]
synonym: "optic layer" EXACT [FMA:71112]
synonym: "optic layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71112]
synonym: "stratum opticum colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71112, FMA:TA]
xref: ABA:SCop
xref: FMA:71112
is_a: UBERON:0006786  ! white matter of superior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0006791  ! superficial layer of superior colliculus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006120
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006780

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006780
name: zonal layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "a thin layer consisting of small myelinated axons together with marginal and horizontal cells." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "lamina I of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris i" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72406, FMA:TA]
synonym: "layer I of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72406]
synonym: "stratum zonale of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72406]
xref: ABA:SCzo
xref: FMA:72406
is_a: UBERON:0006785  ! gray matter of superior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0006791  ! superficial layer of superior colliculus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006120
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006779

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006782
name: stratum lemnisci of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:72408
is_a: UBERON:0006785  ! gray matter of superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006783
name: layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The microstructure of the optic tectum / superior colliculus varies across species. As a general rule, there is always a clear distinction between superficial layers, which receive input primarily from the visual system and show primarily visual responses, and deeper layers, which receive many types of input and project to numerous motor-related brain areas. The distinction between these two zones is so clear and consistent that some anatomists have suggested that they should be considered separate brain structures. In mammals, neuroanatomists conventionally identify seven layers[WP]." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005033
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006785
name: gray matter of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "gray matter layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:77870]
xref: FMA:77870
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006786
name: white matter of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "white matter layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:83899]
xref: FMA:83899
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1023
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006787
name: middle white layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "intermediate white layer" EXACT [FMA:71113]
synonym: "intermediate white layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71113]
synonym: "lamina V of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris v" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71113, FMA:TA]
synonym: "layer V of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71113]
synonym: "stratum album centrale" RELATED [TAO:0001351]
synonym: "stratum album intermediale of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "stratum medullare intermedium colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71113, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:71113
xref: TAO:0001351
xref: ZFA:0001351
is_a: UBERON:0006786  ! white matter of superior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0006792  ! intermediate layer of superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006788
name: middle gray layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "intermediate gray layer" EXACT [FMA:72409]
synonym: "intermediate grey layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72409]
synonym: "lamina IV of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris iv" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72409, FMA:TA]
synonym: "layer IV of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72409]
synonym: "stratum griseum centrale" RELATED [TAO:0001350]
synonym: "stratum griseum intermediale of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "stratum griseum intermedium colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72409, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:72409
xref: TAO:0001350
xref: ZFA:0001350
is_a: UBERON:0006785  ! gray matter of superior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0006792  ! intermediate layer of superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006789
name: deep gray layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "deep grey layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72410]
synonym: "lamina VI of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris vi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72410, FMA:TA]
synonym: "layer VI of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72410]
synonym: "stratum griseum profundum colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72410, FMA:TA]
synonym: "stratum griseum profundum of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
xref: FMA:72410
is_a: UBERON:0006785  ! gray matter of superior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0006793  ! deep layer of superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006790
name: deep white layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "deep white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists entirely of fibers." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "deep white zone" RELATED [TAO:0000494]
synonym: "lamina VII of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris vii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72416, FMA:TA]
synonym: "layer VII of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72416]
synonym: "stratum album profundum of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit]
xref: FMA:72416
xref: TAO:0000494
xref: ZFA:0000494
is_a: UBERON:0006786  ! white matter of superior colliculus
is_a: UBERON:0006793  ! deep layer of superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006791
name: superficial layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "superficial grey and white zone" RELATED [TAO:0000686]
synonym: "superficial grey and white zones" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000686]
xref: BM:MB-Tec-SCS
xref: TAO:0000686
xref: ZFA:0000686
is_a: UBERON:0006783  ! layer of superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006792
name: intermediate layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of superior colliculus that adjacent_to a superficial layer of superior colliculus and adjacent_to a deep layer of superior colliculus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "central zone" RELATED [TAO:0000327]
xref: BM:MB-Tec-SCI
xref: TAO:0000327
xref: ZFA:0000327
is_a: UBERON:0006783  ! layer of superior colliculus
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006793 ! deep layer of superior colliculus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006783  ! layer of superior colliculus
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006793 ! deep layer of superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006793
name: deep layer of superior colliculus
namespace: uberon
xref: BM:MB-Tec-SCD
is_a: UBERON:0006783  ! layer of superior colliculus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006794
name: visual processing part of nervous system
namespace: uberon
comment: This grouping class is primarily to accommodate GO
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED [GAID:1233]
xref: GAID:1233
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011216  ! organ system subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006796
name: cephalopod optic lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "Large lobes of the brain associated with the eyes. In octopods and some squids the optic lobes may be separated from the rest of the brain by an optic stalk of varying length. In Octopus the optic lobes contain 92 million cells compared with only 42 million in the main central mass of the brain (J. Young, 1963) ." [http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary?acc_id=587]
synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED SENSU []
is_a: UBERON:0006794  ! visual processing part of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006798
name: efferent nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A group of neurons that provides a nervous signal to a tissue." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000202
xref: EHDAA2:0003231
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006799
name: glandular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium composed of secretory cells." [Online_Medical_Dictionary:http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/]
comment: Editor notes: consider splitting epithelium from epithelial tissue
xref: BTO:0002991
xref: UMLS:C0682578
xref: UMLS:C1708242
xref: ncithesaurus:Glandular_Epithelial_Tissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Glandular_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: secretes UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011952  ! non-glandular epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006800
name: anatomical line
namespace: uberon
def: "Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface." [CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010267
xref: AEO:0000008
xref: BILA:0000008
xref: CARO:0000008
xref: EHDAA2:0003008
xref: FMA:9657
xref: HAO:0000008
xref: TAO:0001837
xref: TGMA:0001828
xref: XAO:0004003
xref: ZFA:0001689
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
property_value: external_definition "Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, whiVSAO forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface.[CARO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006801
name: proximal head of humerus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:3000835
def: "Hemispherical structure on proximal epiphysis of humerus that articulates with glenoid cavity[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus#Humeral_head]
synonym: "caput humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000835, Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus#Humeral_head]
synonym: "head of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13304]
synonym: "humeral head" RELATED [FMA:13304, PHENOSCAPE:curators]
xref: AAO:0000835
xref: EMAPA:25050
xref: FMA:13304
xref: SCTID:181924000
xref: UMLS:C0223683
xref: galen:HeadOfHumerus
xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Humerus
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0006657 ! glenoid fossa
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001470 ! glenohumeral joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004411 ! proximal epiphysis of humerus
property_value: external_definition "Hemispherical ball on the proximal end of the humerus that fits into the glenoid cavity of the pectoral girdle to form the shoulder joint[AAO]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006802
name: acetabular rim
namespace: uberon
def: "A prominent unever rim that bounds the acetabulum, serving as the attachment for the acetabular labrum, which reduces its opening, and deepens the surface for formation of the hip joint." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetabulum#Structure]
synonym: "acetabular margin" RELATED []
xref: FMA:16941
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006803
name: obturator foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "The obturator foramen is the hole created by the ischium and pubis bones of the pelvis through which nerves and muscles pass." [Wikipedia:Obturator_foramen]
synonym: "foramen obturatorium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16999]
synonym: "foramen obturatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_foramen]
xref: AAO:0000863
xref: FMA:16999
xref: SCTID:361777006
xref: UMLS:C0223670
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Skeletpelvis-pubis.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Foramen
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass pelvic girdle opening (AAO:0000767)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Small opening for the passage of the obturatorius nerve that perforates the pubis.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006804
name: reticular tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Loose connective tissue which consists of an irregular network of cells and reticular fibers and is spatially associated with myeloid and lymphoid cells. Examples: stroma of bone marrow, stroma of spleen, stroma of lymph node.[FMA]" [FMA:20116, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Reticular_connective_tissue]
comment: AO notes: in FMA this is asserted as part of smooth muscle tissue
synonym: "reticular connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:20116]
synonym: "textus connectivus reticularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20116]
xref: AAO:0000542
xref: FMA:20116
xref: SCTID:57987007
is_a: UBERON:0011825  ! loose connective tissue
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass connective tissue proper (AAO:0000099)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Network of reticular fibres (fine collagen) that form a soft skeleton to support the lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen).[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006805
name: sternal end of clavicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Medial end of the clavicle, which usually lies on the ventral side of the epicoracoid cartilage, just posterior to the epicoracoid bridge." [AAO:0000812]
synonym: "extremitas medialis" RELATED [AAO:0000812]
synonym: "extremitas sternalis (Clavicula)" EXACT [FMA:23297]
synonym: "medial end" RELATED [AAO:0000812]
synonym: "medial end of clavicle" EXACT [FMA:23297]
xref: AAO:0000812
xref: FMA:23297
xref: SCTID:181920009
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006806
name: entepicondyle of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "A bony projection on the distal epiphysis of the humerus that is the attachment site for the flexor muscles of the manus. This condyle faces posteriorly (for sprawling tetrapods) or medially (for erect tetrapods)." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html]
synonym: "e. medialis humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "elbow pit" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "entepicondyle" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:pm]
synonym: "epicondylus medialis (humerus)" RELATED [FMA:23441]
synonym: "epicondylus medialis humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000782]
synonym: "medial epicondyle" BROAD [AAO:0000782]
synonym: "medial epicondyle of humerus" RELATED HUMAN_PREFERRED [FMA:23441]
synonym: "ulnar condyle of humerus" RELATED [http://www.termiumplus.gc.ca]
synonym: "ventral epicondyle of humerus" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus]
xref: AAO:0000782
xref: FMA:23441
xref: SCTID:181929005
xref: galen:MedialHumeralEpicondyle
xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/172x202xentepicondyleA1.gif.pagespeed.ic.EoVgrHaVyX.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray329-Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0009978  ! epicondyle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus
property_value: external_definition "Rounded projection at the distal head of the humerus and medial to the humeral head, which serves as a place of attachment for the flexor muscles antogonistic to those that attach to the lateral epicondyle.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "entepicondylar" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006807
name: ectepicondyle of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "A bony projection on the distal epiphysis of the humerus that is the attachment site for the extensor muscles of the distal parts of the forelimb. In humans, this is known as the lateral epicondyle, but the position varies across tetrapods." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, PMID:15064415, Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html]
synonym: "dorsal epicondyle of humerus" RELATED [NCBITaxon:8782, Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "dorsal epicondyle of the humerus" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "e. lateralis humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "ectepicondyle" BROAD [PMID:15064415]
synonym: "epicondylus lateralis (humerus)" EXACT [FMA:23442]
synonym: "epicondylus lateralis humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000758]
synonym: "lateral epicondyle" BROAD [AAO:0000758]
synonym: "lateral epicondyle of humerus" RELATED HUMAN_PREFERRED [FMA:23442]
xref: AAO:0000758
xref: FMA:23442
xref: SCTID:181933003
xref: galen:LateralHumeralEpicondyle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Gray420.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0009978  ! epicondyle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus
property_value: external_definition "Rounded projection at the distal head of the humerus (larger and more prominent than the lateral epicondyle) and lateral to the humeral head, which serves as a place of attachment for the mm extensor antebrachii et carpi radialis, extensor digitorum communis, and in part to the m extensor antebrachii et carpi ulnaris.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006809
name: obsolete supporting connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Specialized connective tissue is a connective tissue, which consists of osteocytes and chondrocytes, the intercellular matrix of which is chondrified or calcified.[FMA]" [FMA:37374, FMA:FMA]
is_obsolete: true
comment: made obsolete because FMA:37374 is a General anatomical term rather than a true class in the FMA
synonym: "specialized connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:37374]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006810
name: olecranon
namespace: uberon
def: "The olecranon is a large, thick, curved bony eminence of the forearm that projects behind the elbow. It is situated at the upper (proximal) end of the ulna, one of the two bones in the forearm. When the hand faces forward the olecranon faces towards the back (posteriorly). It is bent forward at the summit so as to present a prominent lip which is received into the olecranon fossa of the humerus in extension of the forearm. Its base is contracted where it joins the body and the narrowest part of the upper end of the ulna. Its posterior surface, directed backward, is triangular, smooth, subcutaneous, and covered by a bursa. Its superior surface is of quadrilateral form, marked behind by a rough impression for the insertion of the Triceps brachii; and in front, near the margin, by a slight transverse groove for the attachment of part of the posterior ligament of the elbow-joint. Its anterior surface is smooth, concave, and forms the upper part of the semilunar notch. Its borders present continuations of the groove on the margin of the superior surface; they serve for the attachment of ligaments, viz. , the back part of the ulnar collateral ligament medially, and the posterior ligament laterally. From the medial border a part of the Flexor carpi ulnaris arises; while to the lateral border the anconeus muscle is attached." [Wikipedia:Olecranon]
comment: Check AAO
synonym: "olecranon process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Olecranon]
synonym: "olecranon process of ulna" EXACT [Wikipedia:Olecranon]
synonym: "ulnar process" RELATED [AAO:0000843]
xref: AAO:0000843
xref: FMA:39795
xref: SCTID:181949001
xref: UMLS:C0223710
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray212.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Olecranon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006822 ! proximal epiphysis of ulna
property_value: external_definition "Large and thick process situated at the proximal (upper) end of the ulna. Its inner face forms the medial articular surface that articulates with the humeral head.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006811
name: occipital condyle
namespace: uberon
def: "The occipital condyles are undersurface facets of the occipital bone in vertebrates, which function in articulation with the superior facets of the atlas vertebra. The condyles are oval or reniform (kidney-shaped) in shape, and their anterior extremities, directed forward and medialward, are closer together than their posterior, and encroach on the basilar portion of the bone; the posterior extremities extend back to the level of the middle of the foramen magnum. The articular surfaces of the condyles are convex from before backward and from side to side, and look downward and lateralward. To their margins are attached the capsules of the atlantoC6ccipital articulations, and on the medial side of each is a rough impression or tubercle for the alar ligament. At the base of either condyle the bone is tunnelled by a short canal, the hypoglossal canal." [Wikipedia:Exoccipital_condyle, Wikipedia:Occipital_condyle]
comment: birds have a single occipital condyle, mammals have two[WP]
synonym: "condylus occipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipital_condyle]
synonym: "exoccipital condyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Exoccipital_condyle]
xref: AAO:0000330
xref: FMA:52861
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Gray129.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001693 ! exoccipital bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006812
name: mental foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "The mental foramen is one of two holes (\"foramina\") located on the anterior surface of the mandible. It permits passage of the mental nerve and vessels. The mental foramen descends slightly in edentulous individuals." [Wikipedia:Mental_foramen]
synonym: "foramen mentale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mental_foramen]
synonym: "foramen mentalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mental_foramen]
synonym: "mental foramina" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000298
xref: FMA:53171
xref: SCTID:244686000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray176.png
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006813
name: nasal skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Structural framework that provides support to the nasal sacs and ducts." [AAO:0000320]
synonym: "skeleton of nose" EXACT [FMA:60116]
xref: AAO:0000320
xref: FMA:60116
xref: SCTID:281486007
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006815
name: areolar connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Loose connective tissue located at the outer and inner layers of organs. Examples: submucosal connective tissue, tunica adventitia of artery, papillary dermis, superficial fascia of dorsum of hand.[FMA]" [FMA:63897, FMA:FMA]
synonym: "loose areolar connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:63897]
synonym: "loose connective tissue" RELATED [AAO:0000027]
xref: AAO:0000027
xref: FMA:63897
xref: SCTID:68477002
is_a: UBERON:0011825  ! loose connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass connective tissue proper (AAO:0000099)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Also known as loose connective tissue. A pliable, mesh-like tissue with a fluid matrix that functions to cushion and protect body organs.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006820
name: body of sternum
namespace: uberon
def: "The body of the sternum (gladiolus), considerably lengthier, narrower, and thinner than the manubrium, attains its greatest breadth close to the lower end." [Wikipedia:Body_of_sternum]
comment: AAO - Proximal portion of the sternum, usually elaborated into a stylum that may be ossified. [AAO:0000939]
synonym: "body of the sternum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_sternum]
synonym: "corpus sterni" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_sternum]
synonym: "gladiolus of sternum" EXACT [FMA:7487]
synonym: "mesosternum" EXACT [FMA:7487]
synonym: "sternal body" EXACT [FMA:7487]
xref: AAO:0000939
xref: FMA:7487
xref: SCTID:361743001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray116.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
property_value: external_definition "Proximal portion of the sternum, usually elaborated into a stylum that may be ossified.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006821
name: cutaneous muscle
namespace: uberon
xref: AAO:0000119
xref: FMA:74996
xref: UMLS:C1184459
xref: ncithesaurus:Cutaneous_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001774 ! muscle of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006822
name: proximal epiphysis of ulna
namespace: uberon
def: "The head of ulna presents an articular surface, part of which, of an oval or semilunar form, is directed downward, and articulates with the upper surface of the triangular articular disk which separates it from the wrist-joint; the remaining portion, directed lateralward, is narrow, convex, and received into the ulnar notch of the radius." [Wikipedia:Head_of_ulna]
synonym: "caput ulnae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:33751, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Head_of_ulna]
synonym: "head of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33751]
synonym: "proximal end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33751]
synonym: "upper end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33751]
xref: FMA:33751
xref: SCTID:304590006
xref: galen:HeadOfUlna
is_a: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004386  ! epiphysis of ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006828
name: trabecula carnea of atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the atria[MP]." [MP:0010581]
comment: Dubious: Not present in any AO. Note that WP states that trabecular carnea are ventricular and 'They should not be confused with the pectinate muscles, which are present in the right[1] and left atria only'
is_a: UBERON:0002511  ! trabecula carnea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0002511  ! trabecula carnea
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006829
name: remnant of left anterior vena cava
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Persistent_left_superior_vena_cava]
comment: The mouse has both left and right anterior vena cava. adult humans only have a right. Postnatally the left regresses and becomes non-functional (Wessels and Sedmera 2003).
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003498  ! heart blood vessel
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006765 ! left anterior vena cava
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006831
name: pre-tracheal muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "pretracheal muscle" EXACT [MA:0001798]
xref: EMAPA:25142
xref: MA:0001798
is_a: UBERON:0000933  ! pharyngeal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006833
name: lumen of trachea
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space that surrounded_by a trachea." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lumen of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tracheal lumen" EXACT [FMA:7469]
xref: FMA:7469
xref: SCTID:197486000
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006834
name: uterus or analog
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of a the reproductive tract in a female organism that is the site of embryo development." []
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "uterus" BROAD SENSU [FBbt:00004924]
xref: FBbt:00004924
xref: TADS:0000421
xref: WBbt:0006760
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0013522  ! subdivision of tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006836
name: medial tibial tarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral tarsal bone that is medially located and between the intermedium and centralia." [VSAO:0005048]
synonym: "tibiale" RELATED [AAO:0000912, MA:0001350]
xref: AAO:0000912
xref: MA:0001350
xref: VSAO:0005048
is_a: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
property_value: external_definition "One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The tibiale constitutes the postaxial element. In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the fibulare.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006837
name: tegmen tympani
namespace: uberon
def: "The Tegmental Wall or Roof (paries tegmentalis) is formed by a thin plate of bone, the tegmen tympani, which separates the cranial and tympanic cavities. It is situated on the anterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone close to its angle of junction with the squama temporalis; it is prolonged backward so as to roof in the tympanic antrum, and forward to cover in the semicanal for the Tensor tympani muscle. Its lateral edge corresponds with the remains of the petrosquamous suture[Grays] ." [http://education.yahoo.com/reference/gray/subjects/subject/230]
comment: todo - check AAO; grouping is made on basis of related synonym. Crista parotica: seems to be the same as the crista prootica. However, since this lateral ridge of the otic capsule is frequently formed by the opisthotic, rather than the prootic, this may be a better name.; Crista prootica: a ledge or ridge which elaborates the dorsal surface of the prootic or, more generally, the roof of the otic capsule, laterally. The crista may extend posteriorly & laterally, continuous with the paroccipital process, and/or anteriorly or anteroventrally to protect cranial nerve foramina and form part of the fenestra ovalis/vestibuli. In basal tetrapodomorphs and tetrapods, the crista prootica forms the floor of the posttemporal fenestra. See The Prootic. In many tetrapods, the crista prootica is not ossified, or incompletely ossified. However, in frogs, the crista is the main strut joining the skull roofing bones (frontoparietals) with the squamosals. The crista prootica has a similarly expanded role in mammals where it forms an important part of the epitympanic recess and anchors the tympanohyal.[http://www.palaeos.com]
subset: dubious_grouping  ! Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked
synonym: "crista parotica" RELATED HOMOLOGY [AAO:0000116]
synonym: "crista prootica" RELATED HOMOLOGY [AAO:0000116, http://www.palaeos.com/Vertebrates/Lists/Glossary/GlossaryCr.html]
synonym: "paries tegmentalis cavi tympani" EXACT LATIN [FMA:56002, FMA:TA]
synonym: "processus muscularis capsulae auditivae" RELATED [AAO:0000116]
synonym: "processus squamosus" RELATED HOMOLOGY [AAO:0000116]
synonym: "tegmental roof of tympanic cavity" EXACT [FMA:56002]
synonym: "tegmental wall of tympanic cavity" EXACT [FMA:56002]
xref: AAO:0000116
xref: FMA:56002
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006838
name: anterior ramus of spinal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral ramus (anterior ramus, anterior branch, anterior divisions of the spinal nerves) supply the antero-lateral parts of the trunk, and the limbs; they are for the most part larger than the posterior divisions. In the thoracic region they remain distinct from each other and each innervates a narrow strip of muscle and skin along the sides, chest, ribs, and abdominal wall. These rami are called the intercostal nerves. In regions other than the thoracic, ventral rami converge with each other to form networks of nerves called nerve plexuses. Within each plexus, fibers from the various ventral rami branch and become redistributed so that each nerve exiting the plexus has fibers from several different spinal nerves. One advantage to having plexuses is that damage to a single spinal nerve will not completely paralyze a limb. There are four main plexuses formed by the ventral rami: The cervical plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves C1-C5. Branches of the cervical plexus, which include the phrenic nerve, innervate muscles of the neck, the diaphragm, and the skin of the neck and upper chest. The brachial plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves C5-T1. This plexus innervates the pectoral girdle and upper limb. The lumbar plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves L1-L4. The sacral plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves L4-S4. The lumbar and sacral plexuses innervate the pelvic girdle and lower limbs. The Ventral rami, including the sinuvertebral nerve branches, supply structures anterior to the facet joint, including the vertebral bodies, the discs and their ligaments and joints other spinal nerves to form the lumbo-sacral plexus." [Wikipedia:Anterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve]
synonym: "anterior primary ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5982]
synonym: "ramus anterior" BROAD [FMA:5982]
synonym: "ramus anterior nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve]
synonym: "ventral ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5982]
xref: FMA:5982
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0005476 ! spinal nerve trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006839
name: posterior ramus of spinal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior (or dorsal) branches (or divisions) of the spinal nerves are as a rule smaller than the anterior divisions. They are also referred to as the dorsal rami. They are directed backward, and, with the exceptions of those of the first cervical, the fourth and fifth sacral, and the coccygeal, divide into medial and lateral branches for the supply of the muscles and skin of the posterior part of the trunk. Shortly after a spinal nerve exits the intervertebral foramen, it branches into the dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, and rami communicantes. Each of these latter three structures carries both sensory and motor information. Because each spinal nerve carries both sensory and motor information, spinal nerves are referred to as bmixed nerves. b Dorsal rami carry visceral motor, somatic motor, and sensory information to and from the skin and muscles of the back. Dorsal rami remain distinct from each other, and each innervates a narrow strip of skin and muscle along the back, more or less at the level from which the ramus leaves the spinal nerve. The smaller, posteriorly-directed major terminal branch (with the ventral primary ramus) of all 31 pairs of mixed spinal nerves, formed at the intervertebral foramen and turning abruptly posteriorly to divide into lateral and medial branches, both of which will supply the deep (true) muscles of the back. The medial branch (rami medialis) of the dorsal primary ramus also supplies articular branches to the zygopophyseal joints and the periosteum of the vertebral arch. In the neck and upper back, the medial branch continues through the deep and superficial back muscles to supply overlying skin; in the lower back, the lateral branch does this. Nomina Anatomica lists dorsal primary rami as \"rami dorsales\" for each group of spinal nerves: 1) cervical (nervorum cervicalium), 2) thoracic (nervorum thoracicorum), 3) lumbar (nervorum lumbalium), 4) sacral (nervorum sacralium), and 5) coccygeal (nervi coccygei). Synonyms: ramus dorsalis nervorum spinalium, ramus dorsalis, rami posteriores nervorum spinalium, dorsal branch, posterior primary division." [Wikipedia:Posterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve]
synonym: "dorsal ramus" EXACT [FMA:5983]
synonym: "dorsal ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5983]
synonym: "posterior primary ramus" EXACT [FMA:5983]
synonym: "ramus posterior" BROAD [FMA:5983]
synonym: "ramus posterior nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve]
xref: AAO:0010800
xref: FMA:5983
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray819.png
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0005476 ! spinal nerve trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass posterior lateral line nerve (PLLN) (AAO:0010115)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A thin ramus which branches from the common trunk of the PLLN when it separates from the postotic ganglionic complex. It turns dorsally and extends over the trunk and dorsal fin innervating the dorsal line of neuromasts.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006840
name: nucleus of lateral lemniscus
namespace: uberon
comment: not clear if the ZFA class denotes the same entity; check relationship to midbrain tegmentum - this leads to inconsistency with ABA. The FMA class should represnet the grouping, but there is no FMA class for the singular at the moment
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lateral lemniscus nuclei" EXACT [ZFA:0000380]
synonym: "lateral lemniscus nucleus" EXACT [TAO:0000380]
synonym: "nuclei lemnisci lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:84025, FMA:TA]
synonym: "nuclei of lateral lemniscus" RELATED [FMA:84025]
synonym: "set of nuclei of lateral lemniscus" RELATED [FMA:84025]
xref: ABA:NLL
xref: EV:0100265
xref: FMA:84025
xref: SCTID:369023003
xref: TAO:0000380
xref: ZFA:0000380
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002128
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002597
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007634

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006841
name: central vein of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "Vein that is central to a lobule in the liver." [ZFA:0005168]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "terminal branch of hepatic vein" EXACT [FMA:17544]
synonym: "terminal hepatic venule" EXACT [FMA:17544]
synonym: "vena centralis (Hepar)" EXACT [FMA:17544]
xref: FMA:17544
xref: SCTID:272023004
xref: TAO:0005168
xref: ZFA:0005168
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0013126  ! vein of abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006842
name: lymphatic capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "Microvessel of the lymphatic system lined with a single layer of overlapping endothelial cells. Joins to form the lymphatic vessels." [ZFA:0005252]
comment: todo - check superclass
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "lymph capillary" EXACT [FMA:5028]
xref: FMA:5028
xref: TAO:0005252
xref: UMLS:C0162405
xref: ZFA:0005252
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_Capillary
is_a: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
is_a: UBERON:0010523  ! microcirculatory vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004536 ! lymph vasculature
property_value: external_definition "Microvessel of the lymphatic system lined with a single layer of overlapping endothelial cells.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006843
name: root of cranial nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve root that continuous_with a cranial nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor note: recommend asserting under this class rather than relying on inference, as relations may change
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cranial nerve root" EXACT [FMA:52609]
synonym: "cranial neural root" EXACT [FMA:52609]
xref: FMA:52609
xref: SCTID:280161004
xref: TAO:0002190
xref: ZFA:0001663
is_a: UBERON:0002211  ! nerve root
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0002211  ! nerve root
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006844
name: cusp of tooth
namespace: uberon
comment: This class may be obsoleted and split - the TAO class is generic, the mammalian class refers specifically to a molariform tooth
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cusp" BROAD []
synonym: "tooth cone" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "tooth cusp" EXACT [FMA:56481]
xref: FMA:56481
xref: SCTID:362107000
xref: TAO:0001973
xref: UMLS:C0226994
xref: ZFA:0005434
xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth_Cusp
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003675 ! tooth crown
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, prominence, or point that is part of the surface of a tooth.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "the elevated, somewhat pointed portions of the chewing surfaces on premolar and molar teeth" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006845
name: abductor muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle that moves a body part away from the sagittal plane/midline of the body[ZFA]. For example, the abductor muscles of the legs spread the legs away from the midline and away from one another. An abductor muscle opposes an adductor muscle[BTO]." [ZFA:0005269]
comment: note that in FMA the Adbuctor muscle is a subclass of Relation. It's unclear what this actually means, we leave it here as a grouping for now
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: BTO:0004642
xref: FMA:74997
xref: TAO:0002135
xref: ZFA:0005269
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass cranial muscle (TAO:0001953)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A muscle that moves a body part away from the sagittal plane of the body.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006846
name: groove
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical line that delineates a furrow or depression in an organ or tissue." [ZFA:0001690]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: AAO:0010276
xref: AEO:0000161
xref: EHDAA2:0003161
xref: FMA:75037
xref: TAO:0001838
xref: ZFA:0001690
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006847
name: cerebellar commissure
namespace: uberon
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "commissura cerebelli" EXACT [ZFA:0000490]
xref: FMA:77522
xref: TAO:0000490
xref: ZFA:0000490
is_a: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure
is_a: UBERON:0002317  ! white matter of cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006848
name: posterior pretectal nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "Diencephalic nucleus that is part of the superficial pretectum and is rostrally contiguous with the magnocellular superficial pretectal nucleus. Cells of the caudal pretectal nucleus are slightly smaller and less orderly around a central neuropil than those of the magnocellular superficial pretectal nucleus. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain." [ZFA:0000631]
subset: dubious_grouping  ! Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "caudal pretectal nuclei" EXACT [ZFA:0000631]
synonym: "posterior pretectal nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000631]
xref: ABA:PPT
xref: FMA:84355
xref: TAO:0000631
xref: ZFA:0000631
is_a: UBERON:0006569  ! diencephalic nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002565
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002711
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002996

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006849
name: scapula
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral bone that is dorsoventrally compressed and provides attachment site for muscles of the pectoral appendage." [VSAO:0000157]
comment: Usage notes: this class subsumes the scapula of teleosts and tetrapods - note we create a specific subclasses for pectoral limb scapula and pectoral fin scapula
synonym: "scapula bone" RELATED [BTO:0001218]
synonym: "scapulae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000583]
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.783
xref: VHOG:0001398
xref: VSAO:0000157
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0007829  ! pectoral girdle bone
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0007272 ! pectoral appendage skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
property_value: has_relational_adjective "scapular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006850
name: obsolete tetrapod pectoral girdle
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006851
name: renal cortex peritubular capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "A peritubular capillary that is part of a cortex of kidney." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney cortex peritubular capillary" EXACT [MA:0002590]
xref: MA:0002590
is_a: UBERON:0005272  ! peritubular capillary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0005272  ! peritubular capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006852
name: glomerular visceral epithelium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "podocyte layer" RELATED [MA:0002607]
xref: EMAPA:28254
xref: MA:0002607
is_a: UBERON:0004188  ! glomerular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006853
name: renal cortex tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A region of nephron tubule that is part of a cortex of kidney." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cortical tubule" RELATED [MA:0002609]
synonym: "kidney cortex tubule" EXACT [MA:0002609]
xref: EMAPA:18976
xref: MA:0002609
is_a: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0007685  ! region of nephron tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006854
name: distal straight tubule postmacula segment
namespace: uberon
def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3123598&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
synonym: "cortical thick ascending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "kidney cortex loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "renal cortex loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:th]
synonym: "renal cortex thick ascending limb" EXACT [MA:th]
xref: EMAPA:28402
xref: MA:0002615
is_a: UBERON:0006853  ! renal cortex tubule
is_a: UBERON:0008408  ! distal tubular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001291 ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006853 ! renal cortex tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006855
name: ureter muscle layer
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle layer that is part of a ureter." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscular coat of ureter" EXACT [FMA:15893]
synonym: "muscular layer of ureter" EXACT [FMA:15893]
synonym: "muscularis of ureter" EXACT [FMA:15893]
synonym: "tunica muscularis (ureter)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "tunica muscularis ureteris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "ureteral smooth muscle layer" RELATED [EMAPA:28567]
xref: EMAPA:28567
xref: FMA:15893
xref: MA:0002654
xref: SCTID:3563003
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009916 ! wall of ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006856
name: interrenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Structures in fishes homologous to the cortical tissue of the mammalian adrenal gland; they are in close proximity to or imbedded in the head kidney." [BTO:0000808, doi:10.1242/dev.00427]
comment: Editor notes: check isa - not a true gland? There are two types of interrenal cells identified (1) The noradrenaline type, which contain heterogeneous vesicles with electron-dense granules located asymmetrically within the vesicular membrane. (2) The adrenaline type, in which the vesicles are smaller and contain homogenous electron-lucent granules that are separated from the vesicular membrane by a visible -- halo http://dev.biologists.org/content/130/10/2107.full
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "interrenal" RELATED [http://dev.biologists.org/content/130/10/2107.full]
synonym: "interrenal bodies" RELATED []
synonym: "interrenal body" RELATED [BTO:0000808]
synonym: "interrenal gland" RELATED []
synonym: "interrenal tissue" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000808
xref: GAID:1227
xref: MESH:A13.530
xref: TAO:0001345
xref: VHOG:0001141
xref: ZFA:0001345
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004177  ! hemopoietic organ
is_a: UBERON:0005058  ! hemolymphoid system gland
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0006858  ! adrenal/interrenal gland
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006857 ! interrenal primordium
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007132 ! head kidney
property_value: external_definition "An epithelial  structure  consisting of steroid producing cells interposed with chromaffin cells embedded within the head kidney.  The interrenal gland is thought to be the equivalent of the mammalian adrenal cortex in zebrafish.  Hsu et al. 2003.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues, but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006857
name: interrenal primordium
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: splanchnic mesoderm adjacent to urogenital ridge. Editor notes: consider ceding to TAO/ZFA - however, structure also present in cyclostomes
xref: TAO:0001346
xref: ZFA:0001346
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006858
name: adrenal/interrenal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells[GO]" [GO:0030325]
comment: Editor notes: keep this grouping class so long as it is required for GO
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "adrenal - interrenal gland" RELATED [VHOG:0001141]
synonym: "adrenal gland - interrenal gland" EXACT [VHOG:0001141]
synonym: "adrenal gland/interrenal tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "suprarenal gland - interrenal gland" RELATED [VHOG:0001141]
xref: VHOG:0001141
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005172  ! abdomen organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues, but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006859
name: swim bladder bud
namespace: uberon
def: "Embryonic structure that forms from the anterior gut epithelium at the level of the second somite that then matures to form the swim bladder." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-090511-18, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-100202-11]
xref: TAO:0005335
xref: ZFA:0005335
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006861
name: diaphysis proper
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between two metaphyses. Note that the diaphysis includes the metaphyses, but the diaphysis proper excludes these." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: The MA class is placed here because we assume it means diaphysis proper, because in MA epiphysis is not part of MA:0002803
synonym: "body proper of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32688]
synonym: "long bone diaphysis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MA:0002803]
synonym: "shaft proper of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32688]
xref: FMA:32688
xref: MA:0002803
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001438

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006862
name: diaphysis of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "A diaphysis that is part of a femur[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Body_of_femur]
synonym: "body of femur" EXACT [FMA:32847]
synonym: "corpus femoris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:32847, FMA:TA]
synonym: "femoral diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:32847]
synonym: "femoral shaft" EXACT []
synonym: "shaft of femur" EXACT [FMA:32847]
xref: FMA:32847
xref: SCTID:182048009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Gray244.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
intersection_of: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
property_value: external_definition "The body of the femur (or shaft), almost cylindrical in form, is a little broader above than in the center, broadest and somewhat flattened from before backward below. It is slightly arched, so as to be convex in front, and concave behind, where it is strengthened by a prominent longitudinal ridge, the linea aspera. It presents for examination three borders, separating three surfaces. Of the borders, one, the linea aspera, is posterior, one is medial, and the other, lateral[Wikipedia:Body_of_femur]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006863
name: proximal metaphysis of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal metaphysis that is part of a femur." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:32878
is_a: UBERON:0004378  ! proximal metaphysis
is_a: UBERON:0006865  ! metaphysis of femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006862 ! diaphysis of femur
intersection_of: UBERON:0004378  ! proximal metaphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006864
name: distal metaphysis of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal metaphysis that is part of a femur." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:32881
is_a: UBERON:0004377  ! distal metaphysis
is_a: UBERON:0006865  ! metaphysis of femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006862 ! diaphysis of femur
intersection_of: UBERON:0004377  ! distal metaphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006865
name: metaphysis of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "A metaphysis that is part of a femur." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "femoral metaphysis" EXACT [FMA:32875]
xref: FMA:32875
is_a: UBERON:0001438  ! metaphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006862 ! diaphysis of femur
intersection_of: UBERON:0001438  ! metaphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006866
name: terminal part of digestive tract
namespace: uberon
comment: Usage notes: this class is the superclass of 'rectum', which is currently reserved for the vertebrate structure. May be merged in future.
synonym: "rectal part of digestive tract" RELATED []
synonym: "rectum" RELATED [FBbt:00005756]
synonym: "terminal section of digestive tract" RELATED []
xref: FBbt:00005756
xref: WBbt:0005773
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001245 ! anus
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006867
name: anal part of perineum
namespace: uberon
def: "The anal triangle is the posterior part of the perineum. It contains the anal canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anal_triangle]
synonym: "anal region" BROAD [FMA:20347]
synonym: "anal triangle" EXACT [FMA:20347]
synonym: "regio analis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anal_triangle]
xref: FMA:20347
xref: SCTID:243995004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gray408.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006868
name: seminal fluid secreting gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that secretes a seminal fluid." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: FBbt:00004958
xref: WBbt:0006870
is_a: UBERON:0005399  ! male reproductive gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006947 ! male genital duct
relationship: secretes UBERON:0006530 ! seminal fluid
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0006530 ! seminal fluid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006870
name: endostyle
namespace: uberon
def: "An endostyle is a longitudinal ciliated groove on the ventral wall of the pharynx which produces mucus to gather food particles. It is found in urochordates and cephalochordates, and in the larvae of lampreys. It aids in transporting food to the esophagus. It is also called the hypopharyngeal groove. The endostyle in larval lampreys (ammocetes) metamorphoses into the thyroid gland in adults, and is regarded as being homologous to the thyroid gland in vertebrates. However, Dumont, et al. question whether the endostyle in ammocetes is homologous with that of the urochordates and cephalochordates. Since the endostyle is found in the three branches of chordates, it is presumed to have arisen in the common ancestor of these taxa, along with a shift to internal feeding for extracting suspended food from the water." [Wikipedia:Endostyle]
comment: Dumont, et al. question whether the endostyle in ammocetes is homologous with that of the urochordates and cephalochordates[WP].
synonym: "hypopharyngeal groove" RELATED [BTO:0003173]
xref: ANISEED:1235299
xref: BTO:0003173
is_a: UBERON:0006846  ! groove
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006871
name: footplate
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004343
def: "An autopod plate that develops_into a pes." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: EHDAA2 does not have a single class for footplate, but includes epithelium, mesenchyme and AER
synonym: "foot disk" RELATED []
synonym: "foot plate" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA:5143
xref: EHDAA:6096
xref: EMAPA:17249
xref: UMLS:C1517291
xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Plate
is_a: UBERON:0010130  ! autopod plate
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005418 ! hindlimb bud
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0010130  ! autopod plate
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006872
name: handplate apical ectodermal ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a handplate." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000729
xref: EMAPA:17247
is_a: UBERON:0004356  ! apical ectodermal ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate
intersection_of: UBERON:0004356  ! apical ectodermal ridge
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006875
name: handplate
namespace: uberon
def: "An autopod plate that develops_into a manus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand plate" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA:4194
xref: EHDAA:6242
xref: EMAPA:17245
xref: UMLS:C1512334
xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Plate
is_a: UBERON:0010130  ! autopod plate
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005417 ! forelimb bud
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0010130  ! autopod plate
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006876
name: vasculature of organ
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a organ." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "organ vasculature" EXACT [FMA:74612]
synonym: "set of blood vessels of organ" EXACT [FMA:74612]
xref: FMA:74612
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000062 ! organ
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000062 ! organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006877
name: vasculature of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a liver." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: the EHDAA2 term and the FMA term may not be exact equivalents - check
synonym: "hepatic vasculature" EXACT [FMA:73748]
synonym: "liver vascular system" RELATED [EHDAA2:0003454]
xref: EHDAA2:0003454
xref: FMA:73748
is_a: UBERON:0002201  ! vasculature of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006904
name: head mesenchyme from mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "A head mesenchyme that develops_from a mesoderm." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor note: merged in 'head mesoderm' from XAO/AAO and EFO here. Partially implements UBERONREF:0000002 NC meeting scheme
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cranial mesoderm" RELATED [UBERON:0005280]
synonym: "head mesenchyme derived from mesoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "head mesenchyme from head mesoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001118]
synonym: "head mesenchyme from mesoderm" EXACT []
synonym: "head mesoderm" RELATED [AAO:0011051, UBERON:0005280]
synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm" EXACT [EHDAA:1057]
synonym: "mesenchyme from head mesoderm" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0011051
xref: EFO:0003337
xref: EFO:0003603
xref: EHDAA2:0001118
xref: EHDAA:655
xref: EMAPA:16099
xref: EMAPA:16270
xref: TAO:0000998
xref: VHOG:0000185
xref: XAO:0000053
xref: ZFA:0000998
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005253  ! head mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003063 ! prechordal plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0005253  ! head mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006905
name: mandibular process mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a mandibular prominence." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of mandibular process" EXACT [EMAPA:17357]
synonym: "mesenchyme of mandibular prominence" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EHDAA2:0001062
xref: EHDAA:5861
xref: EHDAA:5873
xref: EMAPA:17357
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005867 ! mandibular prominence
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005867 ! mandibular prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006906
name: ala of nose
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral surface of the external nose ends below in a rounded eminence, the wing of the nose. It is elevated by the Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle[WP]. the tissue comprising the lateral boundary of the nose, inferiorly, surrounding the naris[EoM]." [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.32600/full]
synonym: "ala nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose]
synonym: "ala of the nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose]
synonym: "nasal ala" EXACT [FMA:59519]
synonym: "wing of nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose]
synonym: "wing of the nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose]
synonym: "wings of the nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose]
xref: FMA:59519
xref: SCTID:361345006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray852.png
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0007827 ! external nose
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006907
name: slow muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "The darker-colored muscle tissue of some mammals, composed of slow twitch muscle fibers." [BTO:0002317]
comment: Notes: The fast and slow skeletal muscles are different in terms of twitching speed (Fitts 1994), and they are believed to be derived from distinct myogenic precursors (Stockdale 1992). AO notes: check if CALOHA term is for fiber or tissue. Editor notes: check if relationship to cell types should be more specific type I cells
synonym: "red muscle" RELATED [BTO:0002317]
synonym: "slow muscle" EXACT [BTO:0002317]
synonym: "slow skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "slow-twitch skeletal muscle" EXACT [CALOHA:TS-0940]
xref: BTO:0002317
xref: CALOHA:TS-0940
xref: UMLS:C0242874
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Fibers_Slow-Twitch
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006908
name: fast muscle tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "The paler-colored muscle tissue of some mammals, composed of fast twitch muscle fibers." [BTO:0002318]
comment: The fast and slow skeletal muscles are different in terms of twitching speed (Fitts 1994), and they are believed to be derived from distinct myogenic precursors (Stockdale 1992)
synonym: "fast muscle" EXACT [BTO:0002318]
synonym: "fast skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "white muscle" RELATED [BTO:0002318]
xref: BTO:0002318
xref: UMLS:C0242873
xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Fibers_Fast-Twitch
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006909
name: lumen of gut
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space that surrounded_by a digestive tract." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digestive tract lumen" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "gut cavity" EXACT [BTO:0000349]
synonym: "gut lumen" EXACT [FMA:45677]
synonym: "lumen of alimentary tract" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lumen of digestive tract" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: BTO:0000349
xref: FMA:45677
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006911
name: digestive system fluid or secretion
namespace: uberon
xref: BTO:0000346
xref: MA:0002512
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006912
name: urinary bladder muscularis mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscularis mucosa that is part of a urinary bladder." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscularis mucosa of bladder " BROAD [EMAPA:28619]
synonym: "muscularis mucosa of urinary bladder " EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:28619
xref: MA:0002490
xref: UMLS:C1511195
xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Muscularis_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004228  ! urinary bladder smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001259 ! mucosa of urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001261 ! lamina propria of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006913
name: lip epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lip." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004468
xref: TAO:0005334
xref: ZFA:0005334
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip
property_value: external_definition "The thick, high squamous-stratified epithelium that covers the lips.  It contains abundant melanocytes, many mucous cells and has well differentiated taste buds.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006914
name: squamous epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "an epithelium characterised by its most superficial layer consisting of squamous epithelial cells." [Wikipedia:Squamous_epithelium]
comment: consider FBbt:00007028 (squamous epithelium) A type of epithelium that is made up of flattened cells which are arranged with their long axes in the plane of the epithelium
xref: BTO:0002072
xref: SCTID:40118003
xref: UMLS:C0221909
xref: ncithesaurus:Squamous_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006915
name: stratified squamous epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Multilaminar epithelium which consists of more than one layer of squamous cells only one layer of which is in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, epithelium of wall of esophagus.[FMA]" [FMA:45563, Wikipedia:Stratified_squamous_epithelium]
synonym: "epithelium stratificatum squamosum" EXACT [FMA:45563]
xref: FMA:45563
xref: UMLS:C0836131
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratified_Squamous_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000486  ! multilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006916
name: non-keratinized epithelium of tongue
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:62130
is_a: UBERON:0006919  ! tongue squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010304  ! non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0010304  ! non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006918
name: parakeratinized epithelium of tongue
namespace: uberon
synonym: "tongue parakeratinized epithelium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:74908
is_a: UBERON:0003357  ! epithelium of tongue
is_a: UBERON:0013193  ! parakeratinized epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0013193  ! parakeratinized epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006919
name: tongue squamous epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A squamous epithelium that is part of a tongue." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note this is a singleton subclass of tongue epithelium in MA
synonym: "squamous epithelium of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002786
is_a: UBERON:0002424  ! oral epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003357  ! epithelium of tongue
is_a: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005020 ! mucosa of tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006920
name: esophagus squamous epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A squamous epithelium that is part of a esophagus." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: MA introduces basal and squamous subtypes of esophagus epithelium; consider adding the FMA class 'epithelium of esophagus' here, because it is classified as squamous. BTO also has a singleton subclass
synonym: "esophageal squamous epithelium" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "squamous epithelium of esophagus" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "squamous oesophageal epithelium" RELATED [MA:0001567]
xref: BTO:0003635
xref: MA:0001567
xref: UMLS:C1707950
xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Squamous_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0001976  ! epithelium of esophagus
is_a: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006921
name: stomach squamous epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A squamous epithelium that is part of a stomach." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001611
is_a: UBERON:0000487  ! simple squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0001276  ! epithelium of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0006914  ! squamous epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006924
name: stomach glandular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A glandular epithelium that lines the stomach. The stomach's glandular epithelium is characterized by the presence of gastric glands." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Editor notes: we follow Kardong in treating the glandular epithelium as a distinct entity, and thus as an epithelium which has glands; FMA has 'epithelium of gastric gland', which is part of the gastric gland. Consider also: stomach glandular region as a part-of parent
synonym: "epithelium of gastric gland" NARROW [FMA:63458]
synonym: "gastric gland epithelium" RELATED [FMA:63458]
xref: EMAPA:17623
xref: FMA:63458
xref: MA:0002784
is_a: UBERON:0001276  ! epithelium of stomach
is_a: UBERON:0006929  ! glandular columnar epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006931 ! stomach glandular region mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0006799  ! glandular epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006925
name: digestive gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland, such as the liver or pancreas, that secretes into the alimentary canal substances necessary for digestion." [The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language:Fourth_Edition._2000.]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "digestive system gland" EXACT [AAO:0000130]
xref: AAO:0000130
xref: BTO:0000345
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006929
name: glandular columnar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Simple columnar epithelium that constitutes the secretory part of a gland. Examples: epithelium of stomach, luminal epithelium of lactiferous duct.[FMA]" [FMA:64800]
xref: FMA:64800
xref: UMLS:C0225337
xref: ncithesaurus:Columnar_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006799  ! glandular epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006930
name: glandular cuboidal epithelium
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:66809
is_a: UBERON:0000484  ! simple cuboidal epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006799  ! glandular epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006931
name: stomach glandular region mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa of stomach that is part of a stomach glandular region." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001614
is_a: UBERON:0001199  ! mucosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011953 ! stomach glandular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001199  ! mucosa of stomach
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011953 ! stomach glandular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006932
name: vestibular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a vestibular labyrinth." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of vestibular labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inner ear vestibular component epithelium" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000834]
synonym: "vestibular sensory epithelium" EXACT [FMA:75606]
xref: FMA:75606
xref: MA:0002892
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000834
is_a: UBERON:0006934  ! sensory epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006937  ! inner ear epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006934
name: sensory epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Simple columnar epithelium made up of cells specialized to serve as sensory cells for the reception of external stimuli, as the sensory cells of the cochlea, vestibule, nasal mucosa, and tongue." [BTO:0000314]
comment: note that the definition sourced from Dorlands say 'simple columnar', but FMA says atypical
synonym: "neuroepithelium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BTO:0000314]
xref: FMA:62410
xref: SCTID:309045006
is_a: UBERON:0000488  ! atypical epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006935
name: crista ampullaris neuroepithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a crista ampullaris." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ampullary crest neuroepithelium" RELATED [MA:0002870]
synonym: "epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [FMA:75636]
xref: FMA:75636
xref: MA:0002870
is_a: UBERON:0006932  ! vestibular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004721 ! crista ampullaris
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004721 ! crista ampullaris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006936
name: thymus subcapsular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a capsule of thymus." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - check whether this is part of the thymus or borders it
xref: MA:0000769
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002122 ! capsule of thymus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002122 ! capsule of thymus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006937
name: inner ear epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a internal ear." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001189
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006946
name: efferent duct
namespace: uberon
def: "The efferent ducts (or efferent ductules or ductuli efferentes) connect the rete testis with the initial section of the epididymis. The ductuli are unilaminar and composed of columnar ciliated and non-ciliated (absorptive) cells. The ciliated cells serve to stir the luminal fluids, possibly to help ensure homogeneous absorption of water from the fluid produced by the testis, which results in an increase in the concentration of luminal sperm. The epithelium is surrounded by a band of smooth muscle that helps to propel the sperm toward the epididymis." [Wikipedia:Efferent_ducts]
comment: AO notes: Check EMAPA. Taxon notes: There are two basic designs for efferent ductule structure:    a) multiple entries into the epididymis, as seen in most large mammals. In humans and other large mammals, there are approximately 15-20 efferent ducts, which also occupy nearly one third of the head of the epididymis.    b) single entry, as seen in most small animals such as rodents, whereby the 3-6 ductules merge into a single small ductule prior to entering the epididymis
synonym: "ductuli efferentes testis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Efferent_ducts]
synonym: "efferent ductule" EXACT [FMA:19081, Wikipedia:Efferent_ducts]
synonym: "seminal duct" EXACT []
synonym: "vasa efferentia" RELATED [AAO:0010532, Wikipedia:Efferent_ducts]
xref: AAO:0010532
xref: EMAPA:18993
xref: FMA:19081
xref: MA:0000398
xref: UMLS:C0228013
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Efferent_Ductule
is_a: UBERON:0005904  ! duct of male reproductive system
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0003959 ! rete testis
relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006947 ! male genital duct
property_value: external_definition "Any of a group ranging from one to twelve (varies in species) small seminal ducts per testis which transport sperm from the testes to the kidney.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006947
name: male genital duct
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0010140
def: "A duct or series of ducts that transports sperm from the gonad. In mammals this is from the seminiferous tubules through rete testis, vas efferentia, epididymis, vas deferens, ejeculatory duct to the urethra." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Taxon notes: we use this as a generic grouping class for a number of taxa. AO notes: in FMA includes as parts: seminal vesicle, efferent ductule (vas efferentia), epididymis, deferent duct (vas deferens), ejaculatory duct
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "sperm duct" EXACT [ZFA:0001268]
synonym: "sperm ducts" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001268]
xref: FMA:55678
xref: TAO:0001268
xref: ZFA:0001268
is_a: UBERON:0005904  ! duct of male reproductive system
relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001968 ! semen
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0000473 ! testis
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0004054 ! internal male genitalia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004054 ! internal male genitalia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006948
name: efferent duct epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a efferent duct." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of efferent ductule of testis" EXACT [FMA:19195]
xref: FMA:19195
xref: MA:0001734
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006946 ! efferent duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006946 ! efferent duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006949
name: cervical loop
namespace: uberon
def: "The cervical loop is the location on an enamel organ in a developing tooth where the outer enamel epithelium and the inner enamel epithelium join. The cervical loop is a histologic term indicating a specific epithelial structure at the apical side of the tooth germ, consisting of loosely aggregated stellate reticulum in the center surrounded by stratum intermedium. These tissues are enveloped by a basal layer of epithelium known on the outside of the tooth as outer enamel epithelium and on the inside as inner enamel epithelium. During root formation the inner layers of epithelium disappear and only the basal layers are left creating Hertwig's Epithelial Root Sheath (HERS). At this point it is usually referred to as HERS instead of the cervical loop to indicate the structural difference[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_loop]
is_a: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006951 ! inner dental epithelium
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006952 ! outer dental epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006950
name: stellate reticulum
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0007441
def: "The stellate reticulum is a group of cells located in the center of the enamel organ of a developing tooth. These cells are star shaped and synthesize glycosaminoglycans. As glycosamingoglycans are produced, water is drawn in between the cells and stretch them apart. As they are moved further away from one another, the stellate reticulum maintain contact with one another through desmosomes, resulting in their unique appearance. stellate reticulum is lost after the first layer of dentin is laid down. this brings cells in inner enamel epithelium closer to blood vessels at the periphery[WP]." [Wikipedia:Stellate_reticulum]
synonym: "reticulum stellatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stellate_reticulum]
xref: BTO:0003910
xref: UMLS:C1514963
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Cervical-loop.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Stellate_Reticulum
is_a: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006949 ! cervical loop

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006951
name: inner dental epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Inner layer of the dental organ, composed of ameloblasts[ZFA]. The inner enamel epithelium, also known as the internal enamel epithelium, is a layer of cells located on the rim nearest the odontogenic papilla of the enamel organ in a developing tooth. This layer is first seen during the bell stage. The location of the enamel organ where the outer and inner enamel epithelium join is called the cervical loop[WP]." [Wikipedia:Inner_enamel_epithelium, ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "epithelium enameleum internum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inner_enamel_epithelium]
synonym: "inner enamel epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005136]
xref: BTO:0003463
xref: TAO:0005136
xref: UMLS:C1512780
xref: ZFA:0005136
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Cervical-loop.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Enamel_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ
property_value: external_definition "Inner layer of the dental organ, composed of ameloblasts.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006952
name: outer dental epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Outer layer of the dental organ[ZFA]. a layer of cuboidal cells located on the periphery of the enamel organ in a developing tooth. This layer is first seen during the bell stage." [Wikipedia:Outer_enamel_epithelium, ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "epithelium enameleum externum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Outer_enamel_epithelium]
synonym: "external dental epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0003462]
synonym: "external enamel epithelium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Outer_enamel_epithelium]
synonym: "outer enamel epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "outer enamel epithilium" RELATED [TAO:0005137]
xref: BTO:0003462
xref: TAO:0005137
xref: UMLS:C1518682
xref: ZFA:0005137
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Cervical-loop.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Enamel_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003843  ! dental epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ
property_value: external_definition "Outer layer of the dental organ.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006953
name: ejaculatory duct epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The ejaculatory duct epithelium is composed of cuboidal to columnar cells between or through which project the terminal parts of the ducts of the unicellular prostate glands." [PMID:1238970]
comment: TODO: split off insect classes
xref: BTO:0002618
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006956
name: buccal mucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "The inner lining of the cheeks and lips." [Medical_Dictionary:http://www.medterms.com/]
xref: BTO:0003833
xref: FMA:59785
xref: SCTID:16811007
xref: UMLS:C1578559
xref: ncithesaurus:Buccal_Mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0003729  ! mouth mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006957
name: submandibular gland primordium epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a submandibular gland primordium." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001940
xref: EHDAA:9257
xref: EMAPA:17756
is_a: UBERON:0004809  ! salivary gland epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006958
name: great vein of heart
namespace: uberon
def: "The Great Cardiac Vein (left coronary vein) begins at the apex of the heart and ascends along the anterior longitudinal sulcus to the base of the ventricles. It then curves to the left in the coronary sulcus, and reaching the back of the heart, opens into the left extremity of the coronary sinus. It receives tributaries from the left atrium and from both ventricles: one, the left marginal vein, is of considerable size, and ascends along the left margin of the heart." [Wikipedia:Great_cardiac_vein]
synonym: "great cardiac vein" EXACT [FMA:4707]
synonym: "vena cardiaca magna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Great_cardiac_vein]
synonym: "vena cordis magna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Great_cardiac_vein]
xref: EHDAA2:0004508
xref: FMA:4707
xref: MA:0002131
xref: SCTID:277728005
xref: UMLS:C0226659
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Gray556.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Great_Cardiac_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0004148  ! cardiac vein
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006959
name: mandible angular process
namespace: uberon
def: "a process which protrudes from the ventral caudal angle of the mandible, and acts as the attachment of the digastric muscle." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mandibular+angular+process]
synonym: "mandibular angle" RELATED [MA:0002873]
xref: MA:0002873
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006960
name: ovary stroma
namespace: uberon
def: "The stroma of the ovary is a peculiar soft tissue, abundantly supplied with blood vessels, consisting for the most part of spindle-shaped cells with a small amount of ordinary connective tissue. These cells have been regarded by some anatomists as unstriped muscle cells, which, indeed, they most resemble; by others as connective-tissue cells. On the surface of the organ this tissue is much condensed, and forms a layer composed of short connective-tissue fibers, with fusiform cells between them. The stroma of the ovary may contain interstitial cells resembling those of the testis." [Wikipedia:Stroma_of_ovary_%28animal_tissue%29_of_ovary]
synonym: "interstitial tissue of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18626]
synonym: "ovarian stroma" EXACT [FMA:18626]
synonym: "ovary stroma" EXACT [MA:0002991]
synonym: "stroma of the ovary" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stroma_of_ovary]
synonym: "stroma ovarica" EXACT [FMA:18626]
synonym: "stroma ovarii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stroma_of_ovary]
xref: CALOHA:TS-1246
xref: EMAPA:28880
xref: FMA:18626
xref: MA:0002991
xref: SCTID:259306002
xref: UMLS:C0737271
xref: ncithesaurus:Stroma_of_the_Ovarian_Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006964
name: pars distalis of adenohypophysis
namespace: uberon
def: "The distal part of adenohypophysis: the part that makes up the main body of the gland." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource, Wikipedia:Pars_distalis]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "anterior lobe" RELATED [MA:0000854]
synonym: "pars anterior" BROAD [EHDAA2:0001416, MA:0000854, ZFA:0001195]
synonym: "pars anterior of adenohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74630]
synonym: "pars distalis" RELATED [MA:0000854]
synonym: "pars distalis (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74630, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars distalis adenohypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001787]
synonym: "pars distalis adenohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74630, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars distalis lobi anterioris hypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001787]
synonym: "pars distalis of anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74630]
synonym: "pars glandularis" RELATED [MA:0000854]
synonym: "pars glandularis of adenohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74630]
xref: AAO:0010542
xref: BTO:0001787
xref: EHDAA2:0001416
xref: EHDAA:7532
xref: EMAPA:17515
xref: FMA:74630
xref: MA:0000854
xref: TAO:0001195
xref: VHOG:0000244
xref: ZFA:0001195
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis
property_value: external_definition "Region of the adenohypophysis which produces the follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, thyrotropin, and adrenocorticotropin.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The anterior part of the adenohypophysis. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006965
name: vascular cord
namespace: uberon
def: "The vascular cord is the primordial vasculature that will develop into blood vessels by the process of tubulogenesis[GO]. The vascular cord is composed of angioblast or vascular endothelial cells in a solid linear mass called a cord. The cord then undergoes tubulogenesis to form the lumen of the vessels[ZFA]." [GO:0072360, ZFA:0005077]
xref: EFO:0003709
xref: TAO:0005077
xref: ZFA:0005077
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006966
name: heart capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0003248]
is_a: UBERON:0001982  ! capillary
is_a: UBERON:0003498  ! heart blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0001982  ! capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006967
name: horn
namespace: uberon
def: "a pointed projection of the skin on the head of various animals, consisting of a covering of horn (keratin and other proteins) surrounding a core of living bone." [Wikipedia:Horn_(anatomy)]
xref: GAID:1225
xref: MESH:A13.507
xref: SCTID:69221006
is_a: UBERON:0006969  ! cranial appendage
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006968
name: keratin sheath of horn
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006967 ! horn

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006969
name: cranial appendage
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006970
name: bony core of horn
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006967 ! horn

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006972
name: nephridium
namespace: uberon
def: "An exceretory tubule that usually opens to the exterior by a nephridiopore. The inner end of the tubule may be blind, ending in flame cells (protonephridium) or may open into the coelom through a ciliated funnel (metanephridium)." [Wikipedia:Nephridium]
xref: BTO:0000923
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006973
name: protonephridium
namespace: uberon
def: "a network of dead-end tubules lacking internal openings found in the Phylums Platyhelminthes, kinorhyncha and Rotifera. The ends are called flame cells (if cilliated) or solenocytes (if flagellated); they function in osmoregulation and ionoregulation. The terminal cells are located at the blind end of the protonephridium. Each cell has one or more cilia and their beating inside the protonephridial tube creates an outward going current and hence a partial pressurization in the blind of the tube. Because of this pressurization drives waste fluids from the inside of the animal, they are pulled through small perforations in the terminal cells and into the protonephridium. The perforations in the terminal cell are large enough for small molecules to pass, but larger proteins are retained within the animal. From the bottom of the protonephridium the solutes are led through the tube, formed by the canal cells, and exits the animal from a small opening formed by the nephridiopore. Selective reabsorption of useful molecules by the canal cells occurs as the solutes pass down the tubule. Protonephridia are generally found in basal organisms such as flatworms. Protonephridia likely first arose as a way to cope with a hypotonic environment by removing excess water from the organism (osmoregulation). Their use as excretory/ionoregulatory structures likely arose secondarily." [Wikipedia:Nephridium#Metanephridia]
xref: BILA:0000126
is_a: UBERON:0006972  ! nephridium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006974
name: metanephridium
namespace: uberon
def: "a type of excretory gland or nephridium found in many types of invertebrates such as Annelids, Arthropods and Molluscs. It typically consists of a ciliated funnel opening into the body cavity or coelom connected to a duct which may be variously glandularized, folded or expanded (vesiculate) and which typically opens to the organism's exterior. These ciliated tubules pump water carrying surplus ions, metabolic waste, toxins from food, and useless hormones out of the organism through openings known as nephrostomes. This waste is passed out of the body at the nephridiopore. The primary urine produced by filtration of blood (or a similar functioning fluid) is modified into secondary urine through selective reabsorption by the cells lining the metanephridium. In many earthworms the nephridial ducts open into the digestive tract instead, a condition known as enteronephry." [Wikipedia:Nephridium#Metanephridia]
xref: BILA:0000127
is_a: UBERON:0006972  ! nephridium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006976
name: peptonephridium
namespace: uberon
def: "Organs opening into the buccal cavity of pharynx (supposedly modified nephridia) of invertebrates." [BTO:0004280]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "esophageal appendage" RELATED [BTO:0004280]
synonym: "oesophageal appendage" RELATED [BTO:0004280]
xref: BTO:0004280
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006972 ! nephridium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006983
name: anatomical point
namespace: uberon
def: "Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface." [CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010266
xref: AEO:0000009
xref: BILA:0000009
xref: CARO:0000009
xref: EHDAA2:0003009
xref: FMA:9658
xref: TAO:0001839
is_a: UBERON:0000466  ! immaterial anatomical entity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0006984
name: anatomical surface
namespace: uberon
def: "Non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions, that is demarcated by anatomical lines or points on the external or internal surfaces of anatomical structures." [CARO:MAH]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: AAO:0010270
xref: BILA:0000010
xref: CARO:0000010
xref: EHDAA2:0003192
xref: FMA:24137
xref: ID:0000000
xref: UMLS:C1515977
xref: ZFA:0005594
xref: ncithesaurus:Anatomic_Surface
is_a: UBERON:0000466  ! immaterial anatomical entity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007005
name: cardiac mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "the splanchnic mesoderm in the cardiogenic region where the heart develops; it gives rise to endocardial heart tubes that fuse to form the primordial cardiac tube, the heart primordium[web]. Two migratory heart primordia that move ventrally during the course of neurulation, and then fuse[XAO]." [XAO:0000235, http://www.drugs.com/dict/cardiogenic-mesoderm.html]
comment: consider FBbt:00005541
synonym: "cardiogenic mesoderm" RELATED [http://www.drugs.com/dict/cardiogenic-mesoderm.html]
synonym: "heart primordia" RELATED [XAO:0000235]
xref: AAO:0011021
xref: BILA:0000051
xref: EFO:0000315
xref: EHDAA:385
xref: SCTID:360387000
xref: VHOG:0001641
xref: XAO:0000235
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0009881 ! anterior lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004140 ! heart field
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009881 ! anterior lateral plate mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007006
name: obsolete blastomere
namespace: uberon
def: "a type of cell produced by division of the egg after fertilization." [Wikipedia:Blastomere]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007010
name: cleaving embryo
namespace: uberon
def: "Organism at the cleavage stage." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BILA:0000058
is_a: UBERON:0000922  ! embryo
relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage
relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage
intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007021
name: juvenile organism
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-cellular organism that is at the juvenile stage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "juvenile" BROAD []
synonym: "juveniles" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0002047]
xref: BILA:0000076
xref: TAO:0002047
xref: http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category:Juvenile_organism
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage
relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage
intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage
property_value: external_definition "Whole organism that is not fully grown or sexually mature.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007023
name: adult organism
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-cellular organism that existence_ends_with a post-juvenile adult stage and existence_starts_with a post-juvenile adult stage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "adult" BROAD []
synonym: "adults" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0002046]
xref: BILA:0000078
xref: FBbt:00003004
xref: HAO:0000087
xref: TAO:0002046
xref: UMLS:C0001675
xref: galen:Adult
xref: http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category:Adult_organism
xref: ncithesaurus:Adult
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage
relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage
intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage
property_value: external_definition "Whole organism that is fully grown or sexually mature.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007026
name: primitive gut
namespace: uberon
comment: The endodermal cells generate only the lining of the digestive tube and its glands; mesodermal mesenchyme cells will surround this tube to provide the muscles for peristalsis[NBK10107]
xref: BILA:0000084
xref: SCTID:360394002
xref: UMLS:C1514442
xref: ncithesaurus:Primordial_Gut
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000109 ! gastrula stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007029
name: surface
namespace: uberon
synonym: "skin" RELATED [BILA:0000118]
xref: AEO:0000154
xref: BILA:0000118
xref: EHDAA2:0003154
xref: galen:Surface
xref: ncithesaurus:Surface
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007036
name: photosensory system
namespace: uberon
xref: BILA:0000140
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007037
name: mechanosensory system
namespace: uberon
xref: BILA:0000142
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007094
name: visceral muculature
namespace: uberon
xref: BILA:0000132
is_a: UBERON:0000383  ! musculature of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007095
name: somatic musculature
namespace: uberon
xref: BILA:0000133
is_a: UBERON:0000383  ! musculature of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007097
name: chordo neural hinge
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that is posterior to the developing notochord during tail bud extension." [ZFA:0001082, http://dev.biologists.org/content/136/10/1591.full]
comment: In mouse and chick, the derivative of the NSB (with a minor contribution from the CLE), the `chordo-neural-hinge'(CNH) (Cambray and Wilson, 2007; Catala et al., 1995; Charrier et al., 1999), contains progenitors for the ventral neural tube, somites and notochord (Cambray and Wilson, 2002; McGrew et al., 2008). The CNH is continuous with the most recently formed neural tube and notochord (Fig. 2C-Db2). By contrast, the tissue immediately caudal to the CNH exclusively produces somites in mouse and chick (McGrew et al., 2008).
synonym: "chordoneural hinge" EXACT [VHOG:0001382]
xref: EFO:0003623
xref: TAO:0001082
xref: VHOG:0001382
xref: XAO:0000108
xref: ZFA:0001082
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002533 ! tail bud
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue is a posterior to the developing notochord during tailbud extension.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Although there is mounting evidence showing the comparability of events and formation of different nascent tissue types during gastrulation and tail development, recent work also suggests the presence of an ongoing stem cell population capable of contributing to multiple tissue types in the tail of several different vertebrates, situated in the chordoneural hinge region of the tail bud. It would seem likely that secondary signaling centers regulate the fate to be adopted by such pluripotent progenitors.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007098
name: mandibular neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial neural crest that migrates into the mandibular arch." [ZFA:0007064]
xref: TAO:0007064
xref: XAO:0000024
xref: ZFA:0007064
is_a: UBERON:0003099  ! cranial neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007099
name: hyoid neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial neural crest that migrates into the hyoid arch." [ZFA:0007065]
synonym: "hyoid crest" EXACT [XAO:0000025]
xref: TAO:0007065
xref: XAO:0000025
xref: ZFA:0007065
is_a: UBERON:0003099  ! cranial neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007100
name: circulatory organ
namespace: uberon
def: "A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood[GO]." [GO:0007507]
comment: editor note: we need to find the appropriate GO process to use for the definition - 'blood circulation' may not apply to invertebrates; 'circulatory system process' is circular. Note we cannot use a part_of-based definition as this results in the iris and all vascular elements being categorized as circulatory organs. Taxon notes: note we reserve the subclass 'heart' from the vertebrate multi-chambered heart. \"The first heart-like organ is believed to have appeared 500my ago in an ancestral bilaterian\". Amniotes:  four-chambered heart. Amphibians: two atria, one ventricle, pulmonary; fish: single atrium and ventricle; amphioxus: tubular, non-striated, closed, unidirectional; ascidians: tubular, striated, open, bidirectional; arthropods: tubular, open; C elegans: contractile pharynx; Cnideria: striated muscle cells associated with gastrodermis. Gene notes: Bmp, Nkx, Gata
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "adult heart" RELATED [FBbt:00003154]
synonym: "cardiac pump" EXACT []
synonym: "cardiac structure" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal tube" NARROW [Wikipedia:Heart]
synonym: "heart" NARROW [GO:0007507]
synonym: "heart or heart like organ" EXACT []
xref: ANISEED:1235302
xref: FBbt:00003154
xref: TADS:0000147
xref: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/313/5795/1922/F1.large.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7718

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007105
name: vitelline duct
namespace: uberon
def: "In the human embryo, the vitelline duct, also known as the omphalomesenteric duct, is a long narrow tube that joins the yolk-sac to the midgut lumen of the developing fetus. It appears at the end of the fourth week, when the yolk-sac presents the appearance of a small pear-shaped vesicle (the umbilical vesicle). The vesicle can be seen in the afterbirth as a small, somewhat oval-shaped body whose diameter varies from 1 mm to 5 mm. It is situated between the amnion and the chorion and may lie on or at a varying distance from the placenta. Generally, the duct fully obliterates (narrows and disappears) during the seventh week, but a failure of the duct to close is termed a vitelline fistula. This results in discharge of meconium from the umbilicus. About two per cent of fetuses exhibit a type of vitelline fistula characterized by persistence of the proximal part of the vitelline duct as a diverticulum protruding from the small intestine, Meckel's diverticulum, which is situated about two feet above the ileocecal junction, and may be attached by a fibrous cord to the abdominal wall at the umbilicus. Sometimes a narrowing of the lumen of the ileum is seen opposite the site of attachment of the duct." [Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct]
synonym: "ductus vitellinus" RELATED []
synonym: "embryonic yolk stalk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct]
synonym: "omphalomesenteric duct" RELATED [MESH:A16.254.891, Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct]
synonym: "yolk duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct]
synonym: "yolk-stalk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct]
xref: EMAPA:26139
xref: GAID:1314
xref: MESH:A16.254.891
xref: SCTID:280701007
xref: Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray30.png
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007109
name: meconium
namespace: uberon
def: "A dark greenish mass that accumulates in the bowel during fetal life and is discharged shortly after birth." [BTO:0000838]
xref: BTO:0000838
xref: ncithesaurus:Meconium
is_a: UBERON:0001988  ! feces
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000323 ! late embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007111
name: Douglas' pouch
namespace: uberon
def: "The rectouterine pouch (or rectouterine excavation, rectovaginal, Ehrhardt-Cole Recess or Pouch of Douglas) is the extension of the peritoneal cavity between the rectum and back wall of the uterus in the female human body. The rectouterine pouch is used in the treatment of end-stage renal failure in patients who are treated by peritoneal dialysis. The tip of the dialysis catheter is placed into the deepest point of the pouch. In women it is the deepest point of the peritoneal cavity, posterior to (behind) the uterus and anterior to (in front of) rectum. (The pouch on the other side of the uterus is the vesicouterine excavation. ) It is near the posterior fornix of the vagina. In men, the region corresponding to the rectouterine pouch is the rectovesical excavation, which lies between the urinary bladder and rectum. (There is no equivalent to the vesicouterine excavation.)" [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "cavum Douglassi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "cul de sac of douglas" RELATED [MESH:A01.047.025.600.225]
synonym: "cul-de-sac of douglsa" RELATED [MESH:A01.047.025.600.225]
synonym: "douglas cul-de-sac" RELATED [MESH:A01.047.025.600.225]
synonym: "douglas pouch" RELATED [MESH:A01.047.025.600.225]
synonym: "douglas' cul de sac" RELATED [MESH:A01.047.025.600.225]
synonym: "douglas' cul-de-sac" RELATED [MESH:A01.047.025.600.225]
synonym: "douglas' pouch" RELATED [MESH:A01.047.025.600.225]
synonym: "excavatio recto-uterina" EXACT [FMA:14728]
synonym: "excavatio rectouterina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14728, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "fossa Douglasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "pouch of douglas" EXACT [FMA:14728]
synonym: "recto-uterine pouch" EXACT [FMA:14728, Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "rectouterine excavation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "rectouterine pouch" EXACT [FMA:14728, MESH:A01.047.025.600.225]
synonym: "rectouterine space" RELATED [FMA:14728]
xref: FMA:14728
xref: GAID:20
xref: MESH:A01.047.025.600.225
xref: SCTID:181447009
xref: UMLS:C1514801
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/WeiblichesBeckenMedian.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Recto-Vaginal_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007113
name: venom
namespace: uberon
def: "Poisonous animal secretions forming fluid mixtures of many different enzymes, toxins, and other substances. These substances are produced in specialized glands and secreted through specialized delivery systems (nematocysts, spines, fangs, etc.) for disabling prey or predator." [MESH:A12.200.935, Wikipedia:Venom]
comment: Note we include a separate class for snake venom
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "zootoxin" RELATED [MESH:Wikipedia:Venom]
xref: BTO:0001439
xref: MESH:A12.200.935
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007115
name: deciduous tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the first set of teeth in the growth development of humans and many other mammals[WP]. The 20 teeth of the first dentition, which are shed and replaced by the permanent teeth, usually by the age of six years. All deciduous teeth are normally expected to erupt by the age of two and a half years[MESH]." [MESH:A14.254.860.700, Wikipedia:Deciduous_teeth]
comment: GAT in FMA.
synonym: "dentes decidui" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deciduous_teeth]
synonym: "primary tooth" EXACT [FMA:55655]
synonym: "temporary tooth" EXACT [FMA:55655]
xref: FMA:55655
xref: GAID:1266
xref: MESH:A14.254.860.700
xref: SCTID:245612004
xref: UMLS:C0040455
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Deciduous_teeth_by_David_Shankbone.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Temporary_Tooth
is_a: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007116
name: primary dentition
namespace: uberon
def: "The set of teeth first in order or time of development that will be replaced by permanent dentition upon their loss." [MESH:A14.254.245]
synonym: "baby teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151]
synonym: "deciduous dentition" RELATED [GAID:1252]
synonym: "deciduous teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151]
synonym: "dentes decidui" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75151, FMA:TA]
synonym: "milk teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151]
synonym: "primary teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151, GAID:1266]
synonym: "set of deciduous teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151]
synonym: "set of primary teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151]
synonym: "tooth of primary dentition" EXACT []
xref: FMA:75151
xref: GAID:1252
xref: MESH:A14.254.245
is_a: UBERON:0003672  ! dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007118
name: umbilicus
namespace: uberon
def: "The pit in the center of the abdominal wall marking the point where the umbilical cord entered in the fetus." [MESH:A01.047.849, Wikipedia:Navel]
synonym: "navel" EXACT [FMA:61584]
synonym: "umbilical part of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:61584]
synonym: "umbilical region" EXACT [FMA:61584]
xref: FMA:61584
xref: GAID:29
xref: MESH:A01.047.849
xref: SCTID:243961003
xref: UMLS:C0041638
xref: galen:Umbilicus
xref: ncithesaurus:Umbilicus
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
property_value: has_relational_adjective "omphalo" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007119
name: neck of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "The femur neck or neck of the femur is a flattened pyramidal process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft, and forming with the latter a wide angle opening medialward." [Wikipedia:Femur_neck]
synonym: "collum femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femur_neck]
synonym: "femoral neck" EXACT [FMA:42385, Wikipedia:Femur_neck]
synonym: "femur neck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck]
synonym: "neck of femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck]
synonym: "neck of the femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck]
xref: FMA:42385
xref: GAID:201
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.500.247.510
xref: SCTID:361792007
xref: UMLS:C0015815
xref: galen:NeckOfFemur
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Neck
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006863 ! proximal metaphysis of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007120
name: premolar tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "The premolar teeth or bicuspids are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant, making eight premolars total in the mouth. They have at least two cusps. Premolars can be considered as a 'transitional tooth' during chewing, or mastication. It has properties of both the anterior canines and posterior molars, and so food can be transferred from the canines to the premolars and finally to the molars for grinding, instead of directly from the canines to the molars. The premolars in humans are the maxillary first premolar, maxillary second premolar, mandibular first premolar, and the mandibular second premolar. There is always one large buccal cusp, especially so in the mandibular first premolar. The lower second premolar almost always presents with two lingual cusps. Premolar teeth by definition are permanent teeth distal to the canines preceded by deciduous molars. In primitive mammals there are four premolars per quadrant. The most mesial two have been lost in Catarrhines. Paleontologists refer to human premolars as Pm3 and Pm4." [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "bicuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "bicuspid teeth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "bicuspid tooth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "bicuspids" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "biscuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "dens premolaris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "dentes premolares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "mandibular bicuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "maxillary bicuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "maxillary premolar" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "pm3 %28dentistry%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "pr%c3%a6molares" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "praemolares" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "premolar" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "premolar teeth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "premolar tooth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "premolars" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar]
synonym: "secondary premolar tooth" NARROW [FMA:55637]
xref: FMA:55637
xref: GAID:1261
xref: MESH:A14.254.860.150
xref: SCTID:304572005
xref: UMLS:C1704302
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray1003.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Bicuspid_Tooth
is_a: UBERON:0013164  ! molariform tooth
relationship: has_part UBERON:0006844 ! cusp of tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007121
name: dermatome segment of skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A dermatome is an area of skin that is mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve. There are eight cervical nerves, twelve thoracic nerves, five lumbar nerves and five sacral nerves. Each of these nerves relays sensation (including pain) from a particular region of skin to the brain[WP]." [Wikipedia:Dermatome_(anatomy)]
synonym: "dermatome" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dermatome_(anatomy)]
synonym: "dermatomic area" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dermatome_(anatomy)]
xref: FMA:80301
xref: SCTID:244023005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Dermatomes_and_cutaneous_nerves_-_posterior.png/230px-Dermatomes_and_cutaneous_nerves_-_posterior.png
is_a: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007122
name: pharyngeal pouch 1
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005718
def: "The endoderm lines the future auditory tube (Pharyngotympanic Eustachian tube) , middle ear, mastoid antrum, and inner layer of the tympanic membrane. & origin of Mandibular nerve & Maxillary artery[WP]. The first pouch lies between the first and second arches[PMID]" [PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#First_pouch]
comment: we use adjacency relations rather than part_of, as in EHDAA2
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "1st arch branchial pouch" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000013]
synonym: "1st arch branchial pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000016]
synonym: "1st arch pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000016]
synonym: "1st branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "1st pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000555]
synonym: "first arch pharyngeal pouch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "first pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0000970]
synonym: "first visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000102]
synonym: "hyomandibular pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 1" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001128]
synonym: "visceral pouch 1" EXACT [XAO:0000102]
xref: AAO:0011114
xref: EFO:0003631
xref: EHDAA2:0000016
xref: EMAPA:16124
xref: SCTID:345248006
xref: TAO:0001128
xref: UMLS:C0231068
xref: VHOG:0000555
xref: VHOG:0000970
xref: XAO:0000102
xref: ZFA:0001128
xref: ncithesaurus:First_Pharyngeal_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
property_value: external_definition "A pouch that is situated between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.72, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "First of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In all jawed vertebrates the first arch forms the jaw, while the second arch forms the hyoid apparatus. These two arches are separated by the first pharyngeal pouch and cleft.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007123
name: pharyngeal pouch 2
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005715
def: "The second pouch between the second and third arches. Contributes to the middle ear, epithelial lining of Crypts (spaces) of the palatine tonsils, supplied by the facial nerve[WP]" [PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Second_pouch]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "2nd arch branchial pouch" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000060]
synonym: "2nd arch branchial pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000061]
synonym: "2nd arch pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000058]
synonym: "2nd branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "2nd pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000561]
synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 2" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001130]
synonym: "second arch pharyngeal pouch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "second pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0000967]
synonym: "second visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000247]
synonym: "visceral pouch 2" EXACT [XAO:0000247]
xref: AAO:0011115
xref: EFO:0003633
xref: EHDAA2:0000058
xref: EMAPA:16275
xref: EMAPA:16276
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000060
xref: SCTID:345349000
xref: TAO:0001130
xref: UMLS:C0231069
xref: VHOG:0000561
xref: VHOG:0000967
xref: XAO:0000247
xref: ZFA:0001130
xref: ncithesaurus:Second_Pharyngeal_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
property_value: external_definition "A pouch that is situated between the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.72, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Second of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007124
name: pharyngeal pouch 3
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0005716
def: "The third pouch possesses Dorsal and Ventral wings. Derivatives of the dorsal wings include the inferior parathyroid glands, while the ventral wings fuse to form the cytoreticular cells of the thymus. The main nerve supply to the derivatives of this pouch is Cranial Nerve IX, glossopharyngeal nerve[WP]. The third pouch lies between the third and fourth arches[PMID]." [PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Third_pouch]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "3rd arch branchial pouch" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000076]
synonym: "3rd arch branchial pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000077]
synonym: "3rd branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0001030]
synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 3" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001131]
synonym: "third arch pharyngeal pouch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "third pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0000966]
synonym: "third visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000251]
synonym: "visceral pouch 3" EXACT [XAO:0000251]
xref: AAO:0011116
xref: EFO:0003634
xref: EHDAA2:0000077
xref: EMAPA:16586
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000076
xref: SCTID:345450001
xref: TAO:0001131
xref: UMLS:C0231070
xref: VHOG:0000966
xref: VHOG:0001030
xref: XAO:0000251
xref: ZFA:0001131
xref: ncithesaurus:Third_Pharyngeal_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
property_value: external_definition "A pouch that is situated between the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.72, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Third of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007125
name: pharyngeal pouch 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A pouch that is situated between the 4th and 5th pharyngeal arch[Bard]. Derivatives include: superior parathyroid glands and ultimobranchial body which forms the parafollicular C-Cells of the thyroid gland.    Musculature and cartilage of larynx (along with the sixth pharyngeal pouch)[WP]" [PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Fourth_pouch]
comment: todo - check relationships
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "4th arch branchial pouch" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000090]
synonym: "4th arch branchial pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000091]
synonym: "4th branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "4th pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000578]
synonym: "fourth arch pharyngeal pouch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fourth pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0000971]
synonym: "fourth visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000254]
synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 4" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001134]
synonym: "visceral pouch 4" EXACT [XAO:0000254]
xref: AAO:0011117
xref: EFO:0003637
xref: EHDAA2:0000091
xref: EMAPA:16766
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000090
xref: SCTID:362858001
xref: TAO:0001134
xref: UMLS:C0231071
xref: VHOG:0000578
xref: VHOG:0000971
xref: XAO:0000254
xref: ZFA:0001134
xref: ncithesaurus:Fourth_Pharyngeal_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5
property_value: external_definition "A pouch that is situated between the 4th and 5th pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.72, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Fourth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007126
name: pharyngeal pouch 5
namespace: uberon
def: "Rudimentary structure, becomes part of the fourth pouch contributing to thyroid C-cells[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Fifth_pouch]
comment: pouches 5 and 6 are hard to distinguish
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "5th branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "5th pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0001206]
synonym: "5th visceral pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0001206]
synonym: "fifth pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0001206]
synonym: "fifth visceral pouch" EXACT [VHOG:0001206, XAO:0000255]
synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 5" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001133]
synonym: "visceral pouch 5" EXACT [XAO:0000255]
xref: AAO:0011118
xref: EFO:0003636
xref: TAO:0001133
xref: UMLS:C1517185
xref: VHOG:0001206
xref: XAO:0000255
xref: ZFA:0001133
xref: ncithesaurus:Fifth_Pharyngeal_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
property_value: external_definition "Fifth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007127
name: pharyngeal pouch 6
namespace: uberon
def: "Along with the fourth pouch, contributes to the formation of the musculature and cartilage of the larynx[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Sixth_pouch]
comment: pouches 5 and 6 are hard to distinguish
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "6th arch branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "6th branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 6" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001132]
synonym: "sixth visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000265]
synonym: "visceral pouch 6" EXACT [XAO:0000265]
xref: AAO:0011119
xref: EFO:0003635
xref: TAO:0001132
xref: XAO:0000265
xref: ZFA:0001132
is_a: UBERON:0004117  ! pharyngeal pouch
property_value: external_definition "Sixth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007128
name: glomeral mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that consists of the precursors of the pronephric glomus or glomerulus; derived from the medial portion of the pronephric intermediate mesoderm." [ISBN:0815318960]
synonym: "corpuscle" RELATED [XAO:0000110]
synonym: "glomerulus" RELATED [XAO:0000110]
xref: XAO:0000110
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007132
name: head kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "The zebrafish head kidney consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney. It is analogous to the mammalian bone marrow and the primary site of definitive hematopoiesis." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-040923-1, doi:10.1242/dev.00427]
comment: in GO, head kidney isa pronephros. Modified the ZFA relationships - the HK is derived from the anterior part of the pronephros and persists until adulthood
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "anterior kidney" EXACT [ZFA:0000669]
synonym: "kidney marrow" EXACT [ZFA:0000669]
xref: BTO:0005189
xref: TAO:0000669
xref: ZFA:0000669
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ
is_a: UBERON:0004177  ! hemopoietic organ
is_a: UBERON:0005172  ! abdomen organ
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system
property_value: external_definition "The zebrafish head kidney consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney.  It is analogous to the mammalian bone marrow and the primary site of definitive hematopoiesis.   Davidson and Zon 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007134
name: trunk ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "Ganglion which is located in the trunk." [ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "body ganglion" EXACT [MAT:0000344]
synonym: "trunk ganglia" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001573]
xref: EFO:0000901
xref: MAT:0000344
xref: MIAA:0000344
xref: TAO:0001573
xref: ZFA:0001573
is_a: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007135
name: neural keel
namespace: uberon
def: "An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]
synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED [ZFA:0000131]
xref: EFO:0003497
xref: TAO:0000131
xref: ZFA:0000131
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate
property_value: external_definition "An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007136
name: rectouterine fold
namespace: uberon
def: "These folds of the rectouterine excavation are named the sacrogenital or rectouterine folds. They contain a considerable amount of fibrous tissue and non-striped muscular fibers which are attached to the front of the sacrum and constitute the uterosacral ligaments." [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_fold]
synonym: "fold of Douglas" EXACT [FMA:16533]
synonym: "plica rectouterina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16533, FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_fold]
synonym: "posterior ligament of uterus" EXACT [FMA:16533]
synonym: "recto-uterine fold" EXACT [FMA:16533]
synonym: "rectovaginal fold" EXACT [FMA:16533]
xref: FMA:16533
xref: SCTID:361301006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Gray1165.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007140
name: parietal mesothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesothelium overs the body walls is called the parietal mesothelium" [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesothelium]
xref: MA:0000566
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007141
name: visceral mesothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesothelium that covers the internal organs is called visceral mesothelium" [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesothelium]
xref: MA:0000567
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007142
name: left internal carotid artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An internal carotid artery that branch_of a left common carotid artery plus branches." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arteria caritis interna sinistra" EXACT [FMA:4062]
xref: EMAPA:16329
xref: FMA:4062
xref: SCTID:161452006
is_a: UBERON:0001532  ! internal carotid artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001536 ! left common carotid artery plus branches
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001536 ! left common carotid artery plus branches
intersection_of: UBERON:0001532  ! internal carotid artery
intersection_of: branch_of UBERON:0001536 ! left common carotid artery plus branches

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007143
name: right internal carotid artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An internal carotid artery that branch_of a right common carotid artery plus branches." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arteria carotis interna dextra" EXACT [FMA:3949]
xref: EMAPA:16330
xref: FMA:3949
xref: SCTID:161251001
is_a: UBERON:0001532  ! internal carotid artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001531 ! right common carotid artery plus branches
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001531 ! right common carotid artery plus branches
intersection_of: UBERON:0001532  ! internal carotid artery
intersection_of: branch_of UBERON:0001531 ! right common carotid artery plus branches

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007144
name: tail of embryo
namespace: uberon
synonym: "embryo tail" EXACT [FMA:85540]
xref: EMAPA:16748
xref: FMA:85540
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007145
name: dome of diaphragm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "diaphragm dome" EXACT [FMA:13332]
xref: EMAPA:18046
xref: FMA:13332
xref: SCTID:244940004
xref: VHOG:0000933
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm
property_value: homology_notes "In mammals, the diaphragm muscle divides the thoracoabdominal cavity into thorax and abdomen. In most mammals, the diaphragm is a flat sheet with muscle fibers radiating outward from a central tendon, and the diaphragm's apposition to the cranial surface of the liver gives it a dome-shape. Muscle fiber contraction reduces the curvature of the dome, thereby expanding the thoracic cavity and aspirating air into the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007146
name: posterior spinal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior spinal artery (dorsal spinal artery) arises from the vertebral artery, adjacent to the medulla oblongata." [Wikipedia:Posterior_spinal_artery]
synonym: "dorsal spinal artery" EXACT [FMA:50522]
xref: EMAPA:18243
xref: FMA:50522
xref: SCTID:181330009
xref: UMLS:C0226233
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Spinal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0002458  ! spinal artery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001535 ! vertebral artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007147
name: lumen of midgut
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a midgut." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midgut lumen" EXACT [FMA:54366]
xref: EMAPA:18377
xref: FMA:54366
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007148
name: lumen of hindgut
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a hindgut." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindgut lumen" EXACT [FMA:54367]
xref: EMAPA:18396
xref: FMA:54367
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007149
name: inferior thyroid artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior thyroid artery passes upward, in front of the vertebral artery and Longus colli, then turns medialward behind the carotid sheath and its contents, and also behind the sympathetic trunk, the middle cervical ganglion resting upon the vessel. Reaching the lower border of the thyroid gland it divides into two branches, which supply the postero-inferior parts of the gland, and anastomose with the superior thyroid, and with the corresponding artery of the opposite side. The recurrent nerve passes upward generally behind, but occasionally in front of, the artery. This makes it vulnerable to injury during surgery that involves ligating the inferior thyroid artery, such as excision of the lower pole of the thyroid gland." [Wikipedia:Inferior_thyroid_artery]
synonym: "arteria thyreoidea inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_thyroid_artery]
xref: EMAPA:18623
xref: FMA:10662
xref: SCTID:303419004
xref: UMLS:C0226264
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Thyrocervical_trunk.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Thyroid_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003847 ! thyroid artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007150
name: superior thyroid artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery just below the level of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and ends in the thyroid gland." [Wikipedia:Superior_thyroid_artery]
synonym: "arteria thyreoidea superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_thyroid_artery]
xref: EMAPA:18624
xref: FMA:49472
xref: SCTID:244218002
xref: UMLS:C0226093
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Plate_16_Zuckerkandl.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Thyroid_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001070 ! external carotid artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003847 ! thyroid artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007151
name: leaflets of mitral valve
namespace: uberon
def: "Leaf of cardiac valve which has as its parts the anterior, and posterior leaflets that is attached to the chorda tendinea of left ventricle and to the frbrous ring of mitral valve.[FMA]" [FMA:7241, FMA:FMA]
synonym: "leaflet of mitral valve" EXACT [FMA:7241]
synonym: "mitral valve leaflet" EXACT [FMA:7241]
synonym: "mitral valve leaflets" EXACT [VHOG:0000822]
synonym: "mitral valvular leaflet" EXACT [FMA:7241]
xref: EMAPA:18628
xref: FMA:7241
xref: SCTID:244353007
xref: VHOG:0000822
is_a: UBERON:0011741  ! cardiac valve leaflet
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0005995 ! mitral valve anulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve
intersection_of: UBERON:0011741  ! cardiac valve leaflet
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve
property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007152
name: inferior sagittal sinus
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18635
xref: FMA:50768
xref: SCTID:279260007
xref: UMLS:C0226861
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Sagittal_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0003499  ! brain blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0006615  ! venous sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007153
name: superior epigastric artery
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18752
xref: FMA:10646
xref: SCTID:244287004
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0002456 ! internal thoracic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002456 ! internal thoracic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006349 ! epigastric artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007154
name: inferior epigastric vein
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18760
xref: FMA:21162
xref: SCTID:286872000
xref: UMLS:C0226762
xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Epigastric_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006356 ! epigastric vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007155
name: superior epigastric vein
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18761
xref: FMA:4731
xref: SCTID:286596001
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006356 ! epigastric vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001589 ! internal thoracic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007156
name: inferior thyroid vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "inferior thyroid venous tree" EXACT [FMA:4728]
synonym: "vena thyroidea inferioris" EXACT [FMA:4728]
xref: EMAPA:18763
xref: FMA:4728
xref: SCTID:303423007
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007157
name: superior thyroid vein
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18764
xref: FMA:14323
xref: SCTID:303421009
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007158
name: lumen of anal canal
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a anal canal." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "anal canal lumen" EXACT [FMA:17357]
xref: EMAPA:18836
xref: FMA:17357
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007159
name: lumen of colon
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a colon." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colon lumen" EXACT [FMA:18374]
xref: EMAPA:18945
xref: FMA:18374
xref: SCTID:362156004
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001155 ! colon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007160
name: inferior petrosal sinus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sinus petrosal inferior" EXACT [FMA:50770]
xref: EMAPA:19234
xref: FMA:50770
xref: SCTID:279263009
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003499  ! brain blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007161
name: medial arcuate ligament
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:19237
xref: FMA:58282
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007162
name: lateral arcuate ligament
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:19238
xref: FMA:58283
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007163
name: superior meatus
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior meatus, the smallest of the three meatuses of the nose, occupies the middle third of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. It lies between the superior nasal conchC& and middle nasal conchC&; the sphenopalatine foramen opens into it behind, and the posterior ethmoidal cells in front. The sphenoidal sinus opens into a recess, the sphenoethmoidal recess, which is placed above and behind the superior concha." [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_meatus]
comment: todo - check FMA
synonym: "meatus nasi superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_meatus]
synonym: "superior nasal meatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_meatus]
xref: EMAPA:19276
xref: FMA:53138
xref: FMA:57480
xref: SCTID:310213007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Gray196.png
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007164
name: distal radio-ulnar joint
namespace: uberon
synonym: "articulation radioulnaris distalis" EXACT [FMA:35290]
synonym: "distal radioulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:35290]
synonym: "inferior radioulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:35290]
synonym: "radio-ulnar joint" BROAD [MA:0000462]
xref: EMAPA:19316
xref: FMA:35290
xref: MA:0000462
xref: SCTID:182170009
is_a: UBERON:0001528  ! radio-ulnar joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007165
name: proximal radio-ulnar joint
namespace: uberon
synonym: "superior radioulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:38860]
xref: EMAPA:19317
xref: FMA:38860
xref: SCTID:361837005
is_a: UBERON:0001528  ! radio-ulnar joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007166
name: left dome of diaphragm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "left dome of diaphragm viewed radiologically" EXACT [FMA:13334]
xref: EMAPA:25047
xref: FMA:13334
xref: SCTID:244941000
is_a: UBERON:0007145  ! dome of diaphragm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007167
name: right dome of diaphragm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "right dome of diaphragm viewed radiologically" EXACT [FMA:13333]
xref: EMAPA:25048
xref: FMA:13333
xref: SCTID:244942007
is_a: UBERON:0007145  ! dome of diaphragm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007170
name: squamous part of occipital bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The squama of the occipital bone, situated above and behind the foramen magnum, is curved from above downward and from side to side." [Wikipedia:Squama_occipitalis]
synonym: "occipital squama" EXACT [FMA:52860, Wikipedia:Squama_occipitalis]
synonym: "squama occipitalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Squama_occipitalis]
synonym: "squama of occipital bone" EXACT [FMA:52860]
xref: EMAPA:25113
xref: FMA:52860
xref: SCTID:139077005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Gray131.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007171
name: border of scapula
namespace: uberon
synonym: "scapular border" EXACT [FMA:23797]
xref: EMAPA:25124
xref: FMA:23797
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 ! pectoral limb scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007172
name: angle of scapula
namespace: uberon
comment: See: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/58
synonym: "scapular angle" EXACT [FMA:23800]
xref: EMAPA:25125
xref: FMA:23800
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007173
name: lateral border of scapula
namespace: uberon
synonym: "axillary border of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23239]
synonym: "lateral border of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23239]
synonym: "lateral part of scapula" RELATED [FMA:23239]
synonym: "margo lateralis (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23239]
synonym: "margo lateralis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23239, FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:25126
xref: FMA:23239
is_a: UBERON:0007171  ! border of scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007174
name: medial border of scapula
namespace: uberon
synonym: "margo medialis (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23242]
synonym: "margo medialis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23242, FMA:TA]
synonym: "medial part of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23242]
synonym: "vertebral border of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23242]
xref: EMAPA:25127
xref: FMA:23242
xref: SCTID:368187009
is_a: UBERON:0007171  ! border of scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007175
name: inferior angle of scapula
namespace: uberon
def: "An angle of the scapula  formed by the union of the vertebral and axillary borders; its dorsal surface affords attachment to the Teres major and frequently to a few fibers of the Latissimus dorsi.[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Inferior_angle_of_scapula]
synonym: "angulus inferior (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:13315]
synonym: "angulus inferior scapulae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_angle_of_scapula]
xref: EMAPA:25128
xref: FMA:13315
is_a: UBERON:0007172  ! angle of scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007176
name: superior angle of scapula
namespace: uberon
def: "An angle of the scapula formed by the junction of the superior and vertebral borders. It is thin, smooth, rounded, inclined somewhat lateralward, and gives attachment to a few fibers of the Levator scapulae[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula]
synonym: "angulus superior (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23248]
synonym: "angulus superior scapulae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula]
synonym: "medial angle of scapula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula]
synonym: "superior medial angle of scapula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula]
xref: EMAPA:25129
xref: FMA:23248
xref: SCTID:368188004
is_a: UBERON:0007172  ! angle of scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007177
name: lamina propria of mucosa of colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a colonic mucosa." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "colonic lamina propria" EXACT [FMA:15657]
synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of colon" EXACT [FMA:15657]
synonym: "lamina propria of colonic mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15657]
synonym: "lamina propria of colonic mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:15657]
xref: EMAPA:27395
xref: FMA:15657
xref: SCTID:113284008
is_a: UBERON:0011189  ! lamina propria of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007178
name: muscularis mucosae of colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscularis mucosa that is part of a colonic mucosa." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina muscularis of colonic mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15656]
synonym: "lamina muscularis of colonic mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:15656]
synonym: "muscularis mucosa of colon" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:27399
xref: FMA:15656
xref: SCTID:885000
is_a: UBERON:0001239  ! muscularis mucosae of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007179
name: basal cell layer of urothelium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "basal cell layer of uroepithelium" EXACT [FMA:84154]
xref: EMAPA:28806
xref: FMA:84154
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000365 ! urothelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007180
name: atretic follicle of ovary
namespace: uberon
synonym: "atretic follicle" EXACT [FMA:18697]
synonym: "folliculus atreticus (Ovarium)" EXACT [FMA:18697]
xref: EMAPA:29874
xref: FMA:18697
xref: SCTID:259073003
is_a: UBERON:0001305  ! ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007181
name: serosa of infundibulum of uterine tube
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "serosa of infundibulum of fallopian tube" EXACT [FMA:18324]
synonym: "serosa of infundibulum of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18324]
xref: EMAPA:29903
xref: FMA:18324
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003983 ! conus arteriosus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007182
name: muscle layer of infundibulum of uterine tube
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle layer that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle layer of infundibulum of fallopian tube" EXACT [FMA:18336]
synonym: "muscle layer of infundibulum of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18336]
synonym: "muscularis of infundibulum of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:18336]
xref: EMAPA:31264
xref: FMA:18336
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005983  ! heart layer
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003983 ! conus arteriosus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007185
name: pericardio-peritoneal canal mesothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesothelium that is part of a pericardio-peritoneal canal." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pericardio-peritoneal canal mehomhelium" RELATED [VHOG:0000447]
xref: EHDAA2:0001442
xref: EMAPA:16284
xref: VHOG:0000447
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006275 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006275 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007186
name: pericardial visceral mesothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A visceral mesothelium that is part of a pericardium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesothelium of visceral pericardium" EXACT [FMA:19741]
synonym: "mesothelium of visceral serous pericardium" EXACT [FMA:19741]
synonym: "pericardial visceral mehomhelium" RELATED [VHOG:0000778]
synonym: "visceral serous pericardium mesothelium" EXACT [FMA:19741]
xref: EMAPA:16589
xref: FMA:19741
xref: VHOG:0000778
is_a: UBERON:0007141  ! visceral mesothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0007141  ! visceral mesothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium
property_value: homology_notes "Found in all vertebrates, the VP (visceral pericardium) is also known as the cardiac epimysium. This outermost layer of the epicardium consists of a thin layer of mesothelial cells over a dense network of collagen and elastin fibers.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007187
name: pericardial parietal mesothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A parietal mesothelium that is part of a pericardium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesothelium of parietal pericardium" EXACT [FMA:19742]
synonym: "mesothelium of parietal serous pericardium" EXACT [FMA:19742]
synonym: "parietal serous pericardium mesothelium" EXACT [FMA:19742]
xref: EMAPA:16588
xref: FMA:19742
is_a: UBERON:0007140  ! parietal mesothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0007140  ! parietal mesothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007188
name: mesothelium of serous pericardium
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesothelium that is part of a serous pericardium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesothelium of pericardium" EXACT [FMA:18149]
synonym: "pericardial mesothelium" EXACT [FMA:18149]
synonym: "serous pericardium mesothelium" EXACT [FMA:18149]
xref: BTO:0003157
xref: EMAPA:16133
xref: FMA:18149
xref: SCTID:67300002
is_a: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001136  ! mesothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007190
name: paracentral gyrus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:77537
is_a: UBERON:0000200  ! gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007191
name: anterior paracentral gyrus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:77537
is_a: UBERON:0007190  ! paracentral gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007192
name: posterior paracentral gyrus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:77538
is_a: UBERON:0007190  ! paracentral gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007193
name: orbital gyrus
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior or orbital surface of the frontal lobe is concave, and rests on the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It is divided into four orbital gyri by a well-marked H-shaped orbital sulcus. These are named, from their position, the medial, anterior, lateral, and posterior orbital gyri. The medial orbital gyrus presents a well-marked antero-posterior sulcus, the olfactory sulcus, for the olfactory tract; the portion medial to this is named the straight gyrus, and is continuous with the superior frontal gyrus on the medial surface." [Wikipedia:Orbital_gyri]
synonym: "gyrus orbitales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbital_gyri]
synonym: "orbital gyri" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Orbital_gyri]
xref: FMA:256194
xref: SCTID:280372002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG
is_a: UBERON:0000200  ! gyrus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007194
name: vesicular gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The vesicular gland is part of the male reproductive system. The vesicular gland contributes fluids, energy substrates, and buffers to semen. It can be found near the Coagulating gland, which also belongs to the reproductive system." [BTO:0003717]
comment: todo - check this agaist seminal vesicle
xref: BTO:0003717
xref: MA:0000405
xref: ncithesaurus:Vesicular_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0010147  ! male accessory sex gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007195
name: stroma of bone marrow
namespace: uberon
def: "The stroma of the bone marrow is all tissue not directly involved in the primary function of hematopoiesis. The yellow bone marrow belongs here, and makes the majority of the bone marrow stroma, in addition to stromal cells located in the red bone marrow. Yellow bone marrow is found in the Medullary cavity. Still, the stroma is indirectly involved in hematopoiesis, since it provides the hematopoietic microenvironment that facilitates hematopoiesis by the parenchymal cells. For instance, they generate colony stimulating factors, affecting hematopoiesis." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow#Stroma]
synonym: "bone marrow stroma" EXACT [FMA:21426]
xref: FMA:21426
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002371 ! bone marrow

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007196
name: tracheobronchial tree
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004102
def: "the structure from the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles that forms the airways that supply air to the lungs. The lining of the tracheobronchial tree consists of ciliated columnar epithelial cells." [Wikipedia:Tracheobronchial_tree]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "tracheobronchial system" RELATED [HP:0005607]
xref: FMA:7393
xref: SCTID:361384001
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
relationship: has_part UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
relationship: has_part UBERON:0007592 ! ciliated columnar epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007197
name: hermaphroditic organism
namespace: uberon
def: "Multi-cellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes." [CARO:MAH]
synonym: "dioecious organism" RELATED [BILA:0000029]
synonym: "hermaphrodite" RELATED [WBbt:0007849]
xref: AAO:0010035
xref: BILA:0000029
xref: CARO:0000029
xref: HAO:0000029
xref: TADS:0000601
xref: WBbt:0007849
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007198
name: hermaphrodite anatomical structure
namespace: uberon
alt_id: AEO:0000177
def: "An anatomical structure present only in hermaphrodites." [JB:DEF]
synonym: "hermaphrodite-specific" RELATED [WBbt:0005758]
xref: AEO:0000177
xref: EHDAA2:0003177
xref: WBbt:0005758
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007197 ! hermaphroditic organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007197 ! hermaphroditic organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007204
name: brachiocephalic vasculature
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007213
name: mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a cranial neural crest." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "head mesenchyme from cranial neural crest" EXACT []
synonym: "head mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000735]
synonym: "head neural crest derived mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0003572
xref: EHDAA2:0000735
xref: EMAPA:16100
xref: EMAPA:16169
xref: EMAPA:16271
xref: EMAPA_RETIRED:16271
xref: TAO:0000787
xref: ZFA:0000787
is_a: UBERON:0005253  ! head mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003099 ! cranial neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003099 ! cranial neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007214
name: mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a trunk neural crest." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "trunk mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002093]
synonym: "trunk neural crest derived mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0002093
xref: EMAPA:16182
xref: TAO:0000999
xref: ZFA:0000999
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003083 ! trunk neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003083 ! trunk neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007215
name: trabecula cranii
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired thin medially aligned bar of cartilage that extends from the anterior end of the chondrocranium to just anterior to the anterior end of the notochord. The posterior ends of the trabeculae cranii are continuous with the parachordal cartilages, and they enclose the hypophyseal fenestra." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: A paired cartilage element appearing in the preotic section of the head at the border between the brain and visceral structures (The Trabecula cranii: development and homology of an enigmatic vertebrate head structure - Cerny et al 2006)
synonym: "trabeculae cranii" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001507]
xref: TAO:0001507
xref: ZFA:0001507
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005945 ! neurocranial trabecula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007220
name: late embryonic stage
namespace: uberon
synonym: "embryo late (growth) stage" EXACT [MIAA:0000399]
synonym: "embryo late growth stage" RELATED [BTO:0000449]
synonym: "embryo late stage" RELATED [BTO:0000449]
synonym: "fetal stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "fetus" NARROW [MIAA:0000399]
synonym: "fetus stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EV:0300011
xref: EVM:2990031
xref: FBdv:00005333
xref: MIAA:0000399
xref: MmusDv:0000031
xref: OGES:000023
xref: SCTID:367619004
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: has_end UBERON:0000103 ! life cycle stage boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007221
name: neonate stage
namespace: uberon
def: "Of or pertaining to the period of time immediately following birth, or to the newborn." [Wikipedia:Infant, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/neonatal]
comment: Editor note: consider splitting infant/newborn
synonym: "fledgling stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "hatchling" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "hatchling stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "infant stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "neonatal stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nestling stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "newborn stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: BTO:0001762
xref: EV:0300037
xref: HsapDv:0000082
xref: HsapDv:0000083
xref: MmusDv:0000038
xref: NIF_Organism:birnlex_695
xref: OGES:000025
xref: http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category:Infant_organism
xref: http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category:Newborn_organism
is_a: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007222
name: late adult stage
namespace: uberon
synonym: "elderly" RELATED [EV:0300123]
synonym: "elderly stage" RELATED [EV:0300123]
synonym: "geriatric" RELATED [EV:0300123]
synonym: "geriatric stage" RELATED [EV:0300123]
xref: EV:0300123
xref: HsapDv:0000093
xref: NIF_Organism:birnlex_691
xref: UMLS:C0001792
xref: ncithesaurus:Elderly
is_a: UBERON:0000113  ! post-juvenile adult stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007223
name: osseus cochlea
namespace: uberon
def: "The osseous cochlea is the bony foundation that forms the small shell arrangement for the cochlear nerve." [http://www.innerbody.com/image_nerv14/nerv175.html]
comment: todo - check this. in MA, cochlea is not part of the bony labyrinth
xref: MA:0000239
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007227
name: superior vestibular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior vestibular nucleus is the dorso-lateral part of the vestibular nucleus and receives collaterals and terminals from the ascending branches of the vestibular nerve. Its axons terminate in much the same manner as do those from the lateral nucleus." [Wikipedia:Superior_vestibular_nucleus]
synonym: "Bechterew's nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_vestibular_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus of Bechterew" EXACT [FMA:54617]
synonym: "nucleus vestibularis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_vestibular_nucleus]
xref: ABA:SUV
xref: BM:Me-VS-VSS
xref: BTO:0004372
xref: EV:0100257
xref: FMA:54617
xref: UMLS:C0228757
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray761.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Vestibular_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007228  ! vestibular nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001721
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007230

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007228
name: vestibular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The vestibular nuclei are the cranial nuclei for the vestibular nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei]
comment: See comments for 'vestibular nuclear complex
synonym: "vestibular VIII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001032]
synonym: "vestibular nucleus of acoustic nerve" EXACT [FMA:54602]
synonym: "vestibular nucleus of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54602]
xref: EV:0100254
xref: FMA:54602
xref: MA:0001032
xref: SCTID:362462004
xref: UMLS:C0042600
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray691.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0002584  ! regional part of vestibular nuclear complex
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002673 ! vestibular nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007230
name: lateral vestibular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral vestibular nucleus (Deitersbs nucleus) is the continuation upward and lateralward of the principal nucleus, and in it terminate many of the ascending branches of the vestibular nerve." [Wikipedia:Lateral_vestibular_nucleus]
synonym: "Deiter's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54614]
synonym: "Deiters' nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54614]
synonym: "lateral nucleus of Deiters" EXACT [FMA:54614]
synonym: "nucleus of Deiters" EXACT [FMA:54614]
synonym: "nucleus vestibularis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_vestibular_nucleus]
xref: ABA:LAV
xref: BM:Me-VS-VSL
xref: BTO:0004370
xref: FMA:54614
xref: GAID:603
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.800.800
xref: SCTID:280176007
xref: UMLS:C0011193
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray761.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Vestibular_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007228  ! vestibular nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001721
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001722
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007227

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007232
name: 2 cell stage
namespace: uberon
synonym: "NF stage 2 (2-cell)" NARROW SENSU [XAO:1000011]
synonym: "two-cell stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:16036
xref: XAO:1000011
xref: XtroDO:0000006
xref: ZFS:0000002
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: immediately_preceded_by UBERON:0000106 ! zygote stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007233
name: 4 cell stage
namespace: uberon
synonym: "NF stage 3 (4-cell)" NARROW SENSU [XAO:1000013]
synonym: "four-cell stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: XAO:1000013
xref: XtroDO:0000007
xref: ZFS:0000003
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: immediately_preceded_by UBERON:0007232 ! 2 cell stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage
relationship: starts UBERON:0007234 ! 4-8 cell stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007234
name: 4-8 cell stage
namespace: uberon
synonym: "four-eight cell stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:16037
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: immediately_preceded_by UBERON:0007232 ! 2 cell stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007236
name: 8 cell stage
namespace: uberon
synonym: "NF stage 4 (8-cell)" NARROW SENSU [XAO:1000014]
synonym: "eight-cell stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: XAO:1000014
xref: XtroDO:0000008
xref: ZFS:0000004
is_a: UBERON:0000067  ! embryo stage part
relationship: finishes UBERON:0007234 ! 4-8 cell stage
relationship: immediately_preceded_by UBERON:0007233 ! 4 cell stage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007237
name: 1st arch mandibular component
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors note: relationship to Meckel's cartilage to be added
synonym: "ventral mandibular arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000510]
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal arch 1" EXACT [VHOG:0000510]
synonym: "ventral visceral arch 1" RELATED [VHOG:0000510]
xref: EHDAA2:0000031
xref: EHDAA:583
xref: EMAPA:16382
xref: VHOG:0000510
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007238
name: 1st arch maxillary component
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors note: relationship to palatoquadrate to be added
xref: EHDAA2:0000038
xref: EHDAA:595
xref: EMAPA:16388
xref: VHOG:0000511
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007239
name: tunica media of artery
namespace: uberon
def: "A tunica media that is part of a artery." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arterial media" EXACT [EV:0100029]
synonym: "tunica media (arteriae)" EXACT [FMA:14273]
xref: EV:0100029
xref: FMA:14273
xref: SCTID:84300001
xref: UMLS:C1710627
xref: ncithesaurus:Venous_System_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002111  ! artery smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002522  ! tunica media
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000415 ! artery wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery
intersection_of: UBERON:0002522  ! tunica media
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007240
name: tunica adventitia of artery
namespace: uberon
def: "A tunica adventitia that is part of a artery." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arterial adventitia" EXACT [EV:0100030]
synonym: "tunica externa (adventitia)(arteriae)" EXACT [FMA:14274]
xref: EV:0100030
xref: FMA:14274
xref: SCTID:113261001
is_a: UBERON:0005734  ! tunica adventitia of blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000415 ! artery wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery
intersection_of: UBERON:0005734  ! tunica adventitia of blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007241
name: tunica adventitia of vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A tunica adventitia that is part of a vein." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica externa (adventitia)(venae)" EXACT [FMA:14355]
synonym: "venous adventitia" EXACT [EV:0100034]
xref: EV:0100034
xref: FMA:14355
xref: SCTID:13202006
is_a: UBERON:0005734  ! tunica adventitia of blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0005734  ! tunica adventitia of blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007242
name: tunica intima of vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A tunica intima that is part of a vein." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica interna (intima)(venae)" EXACT [FMA:14353]
synonym: "venous intima" EXACT [EV:0100032]
xref: EV:0100032
xref: FMA:14353
xref: SCTID:2436009
is_a: UBERON:0002523  ! tunica intima
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0002523  ! tunica intima
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007243
name: tunica media of vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A tunica media that is part of a vein." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tunica media (venae)" EXACT [FMA:14354]
synonym: "venous media" EXACT [EV:0100033]
xref: EV:0100033
xref: FMA:14354
xref: SCTID:42049001
is_a: UBERON:0002522  ! tunica media
is_a: UBERON:0004696  ! venous system smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0002522  ! tunica media
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007244
name: inferior olivary nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior olivary nucleus is the largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata." [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus]
synonym: "inferior olive" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus]
xref: BTO:0003844
xref: EMAPA:19241
xref: SCTID:369066005
xref: VHOG:0001380
is_a: UBERON:0002574  ! regional part of inferior olivary complex
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002127 ! inferior olivary complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002127 ! inferior olivary complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007245
name: nuclear complex of neuraxis
namespace: uberon
def: "Internal gray matter component which consists of an assemblage of nuclei of neuraxis. Example: cerebellar nuclear complex, Vestibular nuclear complex.[FMA]" [FMA:84059, FMA:FMA]
comment: todo - move existing complex classes currently under nucleus to be under this class
synonym: "cluster of neural nuclei" RELATED []
synonym: "neural nuclei" RELATED []
synonym: "nuclear complex" RELATED []
xref: FMA:84059
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007247
name: superior olivary nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a superior olivary complex." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nucleus of superior olivary complex" EXACT [FMA:72246]
synonym: "superior olivary complex nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72246]
synonym: "superior olive" RELATED [MA:0001026]
xref: FMA:72246
xref: MA:0001026
xref: SCTID:369024009
xref: VHOG:0001381
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007249
name: dorsal accessory inferior olivary nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that is the smallest, and appears on transverse section as a curved lamina behind the primary olivary nucleus" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei]
synonym: "dorsal accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593]
synonym: "inferior olivary complex, dorsal accessory olive" EXACT [FMA:72593]
synonym: "inferior olive, dorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593]
synonym: "nucleus olivaris accessorius posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72593, FMA:TA]
synonym: "posterior accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593]
xref: FMA:72593
xref: SCTID:369068006
is_a: UBERON:0007244  ! inferior olivary nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007250
name: lingual tonsil
namespace: uberon
def: "The lingual tonsils are rounded masses of lymphatic tissue that cover the posterior region of the tongue. They are on the dorsal surface at the base of the tongue. Their lymphatic tissue are dense and nodular, their surface is covered with stratified squamous epithelium which invaginates as a single crypt into each lingual tonsil. They are partially surrounded by connective tissue placing them in the group of Partially-Encapsulated Lymphatic Organs, tonsils, the only one of its kind. They have associated mucous glands which are drained by ducts directly into the single tonsillar crypt." [Wikipedia:Lingual_tonsils]
synonym: "lingual tonsillar tissue" EXACT [MA:0000773]
synonym: "tonsilla lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_tonsils]
xref: FMA:54836
xref: MA:0000773
xref: SCTID:276957006
xref: UMLS:C0229871
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Illu04_tongue.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Lingual_Tonsil
is_a: UBERON:0002372  ! tonsil
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0010033 ! posterior part of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007251
name: preoptic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a preoptic area." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EV:0100226
is_a: UBERON:0006569  ! diencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007252
name: intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a cervical region of vertebral column." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cervical intervertebral disc" EXACT [FMA:13895]
synonym: "intervertebral disc of cervical region" EXACT [EMAPA:19415]
xref: EMAPA:19415
xref: FMA:13895
xref: SCTID:68818006
is_a: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007254
name: intervertebral disk of thoracic vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a thoracic region of vertebral column." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intervertebral disc of thoracic region" EXACT [EMAPA:19489]
xref: EMAPA:19489
xref: FMA:10455
is_a: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006073 ! thoracic region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006073 ! thoracic region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007255
name: intervertebral disk of lumbar vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a lumbar region of vertebral column." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intervertebral disc of lumbar region" EXACT [EMAPA:19468]
xref: EMAPA:19468
xref: FMA:13894
is_a: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
is_a: UBERON:0005173  ! abdominal segment organ
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007257
name: intervertebral disk of sacral vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "An intervertebral disk that is part of a sacral region of vertebral column." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intervertebral disc of sacral region" EXACT [EMAPA:19575]
xref: EMAPA:19575
is_a: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
is_a: UBERON:0005179  ! pelvis organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0001066  ! intervertebral disk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007260
name: intervertebral disk of third cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
synonym: "C3 intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:13896]
synonym: "intervertebral disk, C3-C4" EXACT [FMA:13896]
xref: EMAPA:19422
xref: FMA:13896
is_a: UBERON:0007252  ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007261
name: intervertebral disk of fourth cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intervertebral disc of fourth cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13897]
synonym: "intervertebral disk, C4-C5" EXACT [FMA:13897]
xref: EMAPA:19425
xref: FMA:13897
xref: SCTID:361748005
is_a: UBERON:0007252  ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007262
name: intervertebral disk of fifth cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intervertebral disc of fifth cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13898]
synonym: "intervertebral disk, C5-C6" EXACT [FMA:13898]
xref: EMAPA:19428
xref: FMA:13898
xref: SCTID:361749002
is_a: UBERON:0007252  ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007263
name: intervertebral disk of sixth cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intervertebral disk, C6-C7" EXACT [FMA:13899]
xref: EMAPA:19460
xref: FMA:13899
is_a: UBERON:0007252  ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007264
name: intervertebral disk of seventh cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intervertebral disk, C7-T1" EXACT [FMA:13900]
xref: EMAPA:19463
xref: FMA:13900
is_a: UBERON:0007252  ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007265
name: intervertebral disk of axis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "C2 disk" EXACT [FMA:25058]
synonym: "C2 intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:25058]
synonym: "intervertebral disc of cervical vertebra 2" EXACT [FMA:25058]
synonym: "intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra 2" EXACT [FMA:25058]
synonym: "intervertebral disk, C2-C3" EXACT [FMA:25058]
synonym: "second cervical intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:25058]
xref: EMAPA:19419
xref: FMA:25058
is_a: UBERON:0007252  ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007266
name: intervertebral disk of atlas
namespace: uberon
synonym: "C1 disk" EXACT []
synonym: "C1 intervertebral disk" EXACT []
synonym: "first cervical intervertebral disk" EXACT []
synonym: "intervertebral disc of cervical vertebra 1" EXACT []
synonym: "intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra 1" EXACT []
synonym: "intervertebral disk, C1-C2" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:19416
xref: FMA:25058
is_a: UBERON:0007252  ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007267
name: trachea pre-cartilage rings
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a trachea." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002070
xref: EHDAA:7082
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0009505  ! associated mesenchyme of trachea
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009505 ! associated mesenchyme of trachea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007268
name: upper esophageal sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "The upper esophageal sphincter (UES) (also called the Pharyngoesophageal sphincter) refers to the superior portion of the esophagus. Unlike the lower esophageal sphincter, it consists of striated muscle and is under conscious control. The primary muscle of the UES is the cricopharyngeus portion of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor. During swallowing the upper esophageal sphincter opens so the bolus can pass into the esophagus. A secondary role of the UES is to reduce backflow from the esophagus into the pharynx." [Wikipedia:Upper_esophageal_sphincter]
synonym: "pharyngoesophageal sphincter" EXACT [Wikipedia:Upper_esophageal_sphincter]
synonym: "upper esophageal sphincter muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "upper oesophageal sphincter" EXACT [Wikipedia:Upper_esophageal_sphincter]
xref: UMLS:C1451819
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Musculusconstrictorpharyngisinferior.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Esophageal_Sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0007522  ! striated muscle sphincter
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002036 ! striated muscle tissue
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0013472 ! upper esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007269
name: pectoral appendage musculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a pectoral appendage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral fin musculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0000563]
xref: EFO:0003540
xref: TAO:0000563
xref: ZFA:0000563
is_a: UBERON:0007271  ! limb/fin musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007270
name: pelvic appendage musculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a pelvic appendage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic fin musculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0000258]
xref: TAO:0000258
xref: ZFA:0000258
is_a: UBERON:0007271  ! limb/fin musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage
property_value: external_definition "Musculature that is part of the pelvic fin.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007271
name: limb/fin musculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a limb/fin." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fin musculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0000207]
xref: TAO:0000207
xref: ZFA:0000207
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007272
name: pectoral appendage skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal subdivision consisting of the anterior appendicular limb skeleton, excluding the pectoral girdle." [VSAO:0005000, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "cheiropterygium" RELATED [VSAO:0005000, VSAO:NI]
xref: VSAO:0005000
is_a: UBERON:0011582  ! limb/fin skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
property_value: has_no_connections_with UBERON:0007273

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007273
name: pelvic appendage skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic appendage region." [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0011582  ! limb/fin skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007274
name: crista of ampulla of anterior semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "A crista ampullaris neuroepithelium that is part of a anterior semicircular duct." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - unvetted
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "AC" RELATED [TAO:0000619]
synonym: "anterior crista" RELATED [TAO:0000619]
synonym: "anterior crista ampullaris" EXACT [ZFA:0000619]
synonym: "anterior cristae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000619]
synonym: "anterior semicircular canal sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000619]
synonym: "anterior semicircular canal sensory patches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000619]
synonym: "rostral crista" EXACT [ZFA:0000619]
synonym: "sensory patches" RELATED [TAO:0000619]
xref: FMA:75610
xref: TAO:0000619
xref: XAO:0004137
xref: ZFA:0000619
is_a: UBERON:0003238  ! epithelium of superior semicircular canal
is_a: UBERON:0006935  ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001857 ! anterior semicircular duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0006935  ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001857 ! anterior semicircular duct
property_value: external_definition "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007275
name: crista of ampulla of posterior semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "A crista ampullaris neuroepithelium that is part of a posterior semicircular duct." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - unvetted
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "PC" RELATED [TAO:0000566]
synonym: "caudal crista" EXACT [ZFA:0000566]
synonym: "posterior crista" RELATED [TAO:0000566]
synonym: "posterior crista ampullaris" EXACT [ZFA:0000566]
synonym: "posterior cristae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000566]
synonym: "posterior semicircular canal sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000566]
synonym: "posterior semicircular canal sensory patches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000566]
synonym: "sensory patches" RELATED [TAO:0000566]
xref: FMA:75611
xref: TAO:0000566
xref: XAO:0004133
xref: ZFA:0000566
is_a: UBERON:0003239  ! epithelium of posterior semicircular canal
is_a: UBERON:0006935  ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001858 ! posterior semicircular duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0006935  ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001858 ! posterior semicircular duct
property_value: external_definition "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007276
name: crista of ampulla of lateral semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "A crista ampullaris neuroepithelium that is part of a lateral semicircular duct." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - unvetted
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "LC" RELATED [TAO:0000166]
synonym: "lateral crista" RELATED [TAO:0000166]
synonym: "lateral crista ampullaris" EXACT [ZFA:0000166]
synonym: "lateral cristae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000166]
synonym: "lateral semicircular canal sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000166]
synonym: "lateral semicircular canal sensory patches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000166]
synonym: "sensory patches" RELATED [TAO:0000166]
xref: FMA:75612
xref: TAO:0000166
xref: ZFA:0000166
is_a: UBERON:0003240  ! epithelium of lateral semicircular canal
is_a: UBERON:0006935  ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001859 ! lateral semicircular duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0006935  ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001859 ! lateral semicircular duct
property_value: external_definition "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007277
name: presumptive hindbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "The rhombencephalon (or hindbrain) is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. The rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres. In the human embryo eight rhombomeres can be distinguished, from caudal to rostral: Rh7-Rh1 and the isthmus (the most rostral rhombomere). A rare disease of the rhombencephalon, \"rhombencephalosynapsis\" is characterized by a missing vermis resulting in a fused cerebellum. Patients generally present with cerebellar ataxia. The caudal rhombencephalon has been generally considered as the initiation site for neural tube closure." [Wikipedia:Rhombencephalon]
comment: TODO - unify naming conventions
synonym: "embryonic rhombencephalon" RELATED [CALOHA:TS-2118]
synonym: "future hindbrain" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "rhombencephalon" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001630]
xref: CALOHA:TS-2118
xref: EFO:0003440
xref: EHDAA2:0001630
xref: TAO:0000569
xref: ZFA:0000569
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006238 ! future brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
property_value: external_definition "The embryonic rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres. Rhombomeres Rh7-Rh4 form the myelencephalon that will give the medulla oblongata. Rhombomeres Rh3-Rh1 form the metencephalon that will form the pons and the cerebellum[NPX:PDR]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007278
name: presumptive sinus venosus
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the sinus venosus." [ZFA:0001722]
xref: TAO:0002234
xref: ZFA:0001722
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002063 ! sinus venosus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004141 ! heart tube
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002063 ! sinus venosus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007279
name: presumptive atrioventricular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a atrioventricular canal." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0002227
xref: ZFA:0001723
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004141 ! heart tube
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the atrioventricular canal.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007280
name: presumptive endocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a endocardium." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0002233
xref: ZFA:0001724
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the endocardium.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007281
name: presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "An embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary that is part of a neurectoderm." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "presumptive MHB" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EFO:0003446
xref: TAO:0001187
xref: XAO:0004086
xref: ZFA:0001187
is_a: UBERON:0009774  ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0009774  ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007282
name: presumptive segmental plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a presomitic mesoderm." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003421
xref: TAO:0000053
xref: ZFA:0000053
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009618 ! trunk paraxial mesoderm
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003059 ! presomitic mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003059 ! presomitic mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007283
name: presumptive shield
namespace: uberon
xref: EFO:0003444
xref: TAO:0001121
xref: ZFA:0001121
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003062 ! primitive knot
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003062 ! primitive knot
property_value: external_definition "Presumptive structure fated to become the shield.  Defined by fate mapping[ZFIN:curator]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007284
name: presumptive neural plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a neural plate." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003424
xref: TAO:0000063
xref: ZFA:0000063
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate
property_value: external_definition "Region of the gastrula which gives rise to the neural plate.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007285
name: presumptive paraxial mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a paraxial mesoderm." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003443
xref: TAO:0000591
xref: XAO:0004134
xref: ZFA:0000591
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007286
name: presumptive floor plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a floor plate." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003454
xref: TAO:0001218
xref: ZFA:0001218
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007287
name: presumptive bulbus arteriosus
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a bulbus arteriosus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0002230
xref: ZFA:0001712
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004152 ! bulbus arteriosus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0004152 ! bulbus arteriosus
property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the bulbus arteriosus.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007288
name: presumptive forebrain midbrain boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a forebrain-midbrain boundary." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003463
xref: TAO:0001368
xref: ZFA:0001368
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005075 ! forebrain-midbrain boundary
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005075 ! forebrain-midbrain boundary

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007289
name: presumptive rhombomere 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a rhombomere 1." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0001207
xref: ZFA:0001207
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007290
name: presumptive rhombomere 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a rhombomere 3." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003451
xref: TAO:0001213
xref: ZFA:0001213
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007291
name: presumptive rhombomere 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a rhombomere 4." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003450
xref: TAO:0001212
xref: ZFA:0001212
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007292
name: presumptive rhombomere 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a rhombomere 5." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003449
xref: TAO:0001211
xref: ZFA:0001211
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007293
name: presumptive rhombomere 6
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a rhombomere 6." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003448
xref: TAO:0001210
xref: ZFA:0001210
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007294
name: presumptive rhombomere 7
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a rhombomere 7." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003447
xref: TAO:0001209
xref: ZFA:0001209
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007295
name: presumptive rhombomere 8
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a rhombomere 8." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EFO:0003452
xref: TAO:0001214
xref: ZFA:0001214
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007296
name: presumptive rhombomere 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a rhombomere 2." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0001208
xref: ZFA:0001208
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007297
name: presumptive pronephric mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a pronephric mesoderm." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nephron primordium" EXACT [ZFA:0001070]
xref: EFO:0003619
xref: TAO:0001070
xref: ZFA:0001070
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005721 ! pronephric mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005721 ! pronephric mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007298
name: pronephric proximal convoluted tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal convoluted tubule that is part of a pronephros." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0002238
xref: ZFA:0001620
is_a: UBERON:0001287  ! proximal convoluted tubule
is_a: UBERON:0006173  ! pronephric proximal tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0001287  ! proximal convoluted tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007299
name: choroid plexus of tectal ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a cerebral aqueduct." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "choroid plexus tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001445]
xref: TAO:0001445
xref: ZFA:0001445
is_a: UBERON:0001886  ! choroid plexus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! midbrain cerebral aqueduct
intersection_of: UBERON:0001886  ! choroid plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! midbrain cerebral aqueduct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007300
name: pectoral appendage blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a pectoral appendage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral fin blood vessel" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005301]
xref: TAO:0005301
xref: ZFA:0005301
is_a: UBERON:0007301  ! limb/fin blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007301
name: limb/fin blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel that is part of a limb/fin." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fin blood vessel" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005299]
xref: TAO:0005299
xref: ZFA:0005299
is_a: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0001981  ! blood vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007302
name: pectoral appendage vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a pectoral appendage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral fin vasculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005096]
xref: TAO:0005096
xref: ZFA:0005096
is_a: UBERON:0007304  ! limb/fin vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007303
name: pharyngeal vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a chordate pharynx." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "branchial vasculature" EXACT [ZFA:0005003]
xref: TAO:0005003
xref: ZFA:0005003
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007304
name: limb/fin vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a limb/fin." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fin vasculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005095]
xref: TAO:0005095
xref: ZFA:0005095
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007306
name: pronephric glomerular capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "A glomerular capillary that is part of a pronephros." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0005309
xref: ZFA:0005309
is_a: UBERON:0004212  ! glomerular capillary
is_a: UBERON:0005310  ! pronephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004739 ! pronephric glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0004212  ! glomerular capillary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007307
name: pronephric glomerular basement membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "A glomerular basement membrane that is part of a pronephros." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0005313
xref: ZFA:0005313
is_a: UBERON:0005777  ! glomerular basement membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004739 ! pronephric glomerulus
intersection_of: UBERON:0005777  ! glomerular basement membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007308
name: pronephric distal early tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal early tubule that is part of a pronephros." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0002236
xref: ZFA:0001622
is_a: UBERON:0005310  ! pronephric nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0006337  ! distal early tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron
intersection_of: UBERON:0006337  ! distal early tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007311
name: sputum
namespace: uberon
def: "Matter ejected from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea, through the mouth." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource]
synonym: "expectoration" RELATED [BTO:0001297]
xref: BTO:0001297
xref: GAID:1171
xref: MA:0002536
xref: MESH:A12.200.808
xref: UMLS:C0038056
xref: ncithesaurus:Sputum
is_a: UBERON:0006538  ! respiratory system fluid/secretion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007312
name: pudendal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Either the internal or external pudendal arteries." [Wikipedia:Pudendal_artery]
xref: MA:0002028
xref: SCTID:277968003
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007314
name: superior external pudendal artery
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002029
is_a: UBERON:0013137  ! external pudendal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007318
name: saphenous vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Either of two main superficial veins of the leg, one larger than the other, that begin at the foot." [BTO:0001808]
xref: BTO:0001808
xref: MA:0002215
xref: MESH:A07.231.908.819
xref: UMLS:C0036186
xref: ncithesaurus:Saphenous_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0004261  ! lower leg blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007319
name: medial saphenous vein
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check
synonym: "medial accessory saphenous vein" EXACT [FMA:44322]
xref: FMA:44322
xref: MA:0002173
is_a: UBERON:0013145  ! accessory saphenous vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007321
name: lateral saphenous vein
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check
synonym: "lateral accessory saphenous vein" EXACT [FMA:44321]
xref: FMA:44321
xref: MA:0002161
is_a: UBERON:0013145  ! accessory saphenous vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007324
name: pancreatic lobe
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check
synonym: "lobulus pancreaticus" EXACT [FMA:16012]
synonym: "pancreas lobe" EXACT [MA:0000721]
synonym: "pancreatic lobule" EXACT [FMA:16012]
xref: FMA:16012
xref: MA:0000721
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007329
name: pancreatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A duct that is part of the pancreas and connected to the duodenum." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Pancreatic_duct]
comment: note that this class groups together accessory (dorsal) and main (ventral) pancreatic ducts. AO notes: in EHDAA2, the dorsal and ventral ducts are classified as epithelial sacs - review after overhaul of duct/epithelia terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "duct of pancreas" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "ductus pancreaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_duct]
synonym: "pancreas duct" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA:9194
xref: FMA:10419
xref: MA:0000124
xref: SCTID:181278006
xref: TAO:0001372
xref: VHOG:0000254
xref: ZFA:0001372
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray1100.png
is_a: UBERON:0003928  ! digestive system duct
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003922 ! pancreatic bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas
property_value: external_definition "Duct connecting the pancreas with the intestine. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "These data show that ducts within the zebrafish pancreas originally arise in situ from isolated progenitor cells rather than arising from reiterative branching of the pancreatic epithelium. This process of pancreatic duct formation in zebrafish may be analogous to the mechanism of duct formation in the mammalian mammary and salivary glands. (...) A related mechanism of duct formation has also been proposed to occur within the mammalian pancreatic epithelium.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007330
name: rhamphotheca
namespace: uberon
def: "thin keratinized layer of epidermis projecting from outer surface of beak[WP]." [Wikipedia:Beak#Rhamphotheca]
comment: Development notes: This covering arises from the Malpighian cells of the bird's epidermis,[9] growing from plates at the base of each mandible[WP]
synonym: "horny sheath of beak" RELATED []
synonym: "outer keratin layer of beak" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005094 ! beak

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007331
name: maxillary rhamphotheca
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhamphotheca that is part of a upper beak." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "maxillary beak" RELATED []
synonym: "rhinotheca" RELATED [Wikipedia:Beak#Rhamphotheca]
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007330  ! rhamphotheca
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010012 ! upper beak
intersection_of: UBERON:0007330  ! rhamphotheca
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010012 ! upper beak

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007332
name: mandibular rhamphotheca
namespace: uberon
def: "A rhamphotheca that is part of a lower beak." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gnathotheca" RELATED [Wikipedia:Beak#Rhamphotheca]
synonym: "mandibular beak" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007330  ! rhamphotheca
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010013 ! lower beak
intersection_of: UBERON:0007330  ! rhamphotheca
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010013 ! lower beak

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007333
name: avian pallium
namespace: uberon
def: "In the anatomy of animals, an avian pallium is the dorsal telencephalon of a bird's brain. Pallium of avian species tend to be relatively large, comprising ~75% of the telencephalic volume." [Wikipedia:Avian_pallium]
xref: BTO:0003399
is_a: UBERON:0000203  ! pallium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007334
name: nidopallium
namespace: uberon
def: "The nidopallium, meaning nested pallium, is the region of the avian brain that is used mostly for some types of executive functions but also other higher cognitive tasks. The region was renamed to nidopallium in 2002 during the Avian Brain Nomenclature Consortium because the prior name suggested that the region was used for more primitive functions." [Wikipedia:Nidopallium, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avian_Brain_Nomenclature_Consortium]
synonym: "nested pallium" RELATED [BTO:0003389]
xref: BTO:0003389
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007347
name: hyperpallium
namespace: uberon
def: "Birds have a unique pallial structure known as the hyperpallium, once called the hyperstriatum." [Wikipedia:Hyperpallium]
synonym: "hyperstriatum" RELATED [BTO:0003400]
xref: BTO:0003400
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007349
name: mesopallium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "middle pallium" RELATED [BTO:0003405]
xref: BTO:0003405
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007350
name: arcopallium
namespace: uberon
def: "The arcopallium refers to regions of the avian brain which partially overlap regions homologous to the amygdala of mammals. These regions have formerly been referred to as archistriatum, and before this epistriatum or amygdaloid complex[1], and a recent change of nomenclature has divided the region into the arcopallium and posterior pallial amygdala.[2] The new nomenclature, adopted in 2004, reflects a modern understanding that the avian brain is broadly similar to the mammalian brain, containing large regions homologous to the mammalian neocortex, claustrum, and pallial amygdala. The outdated nomenclature it replaced perceived the avian brain as consisting almost entirely of enlarged basal ganglia, to which more complex outer layers had been added during a progress toward mammalian intelligence." [Wikipedia:Arcopallium]
synonym: "arched pallium" RELATED [BTO:0003408]
synonym: "archistriatum" RELATED [BM:ARCO, http://www.avianbrain.org/archistriatum.html]
xref: BM:ARCO
xref: BTO:0003408
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007351
name: nucleus isthmo-opticus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nucleus isthmoopticus" RELATED [BTO:0003411]
xref: BTO:0003411
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007352
name: stria vascularis vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "blood vessels supplying the stria vascularis in the cochlea of the inner ear." [MP:0004368]
is_a: UBERON:0002200  ! vasculature of head
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004522  ! vasculature of musculoskeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002282 ! stria vascularis of cochlear duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002282 ! stria vascularis of cochlear duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007354
name: cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube
namespace: uberon
def: "The cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube, about 24 mm. in length, is formed of a triangular plate of elastic fibrocartilage, the apex of which is attached to the margin of the medial end of the osseous portion of the tube, while its base lies directly under the mucous membrane of the nasal part of the pharynx, where it forms an elevation, the torus tubarius or cushion, behind the pharyngeal orifice of the tube. The upper edge of the cartilage is curled upon itself, being bent laterally so as to present on transverse section the appearance of a hook; a groove or furrow is thus produced, which is open below and laterally, and this part of the canal is completed by fibrous membrane. The cartilage lies in a groove between the petrous part of the temporal and the great wing of the sphenoid; this groove ends opposite the middle of the medial pterygoid plate. The cartilaginous and bony portions of the tube are not in the same plane, the former inclining downward a little more than the latter. The diameter of the tube is not uniform throughout, being greatest at the pharyngeal orifice, least at the junction of the bony and cartilaginous portions, and again increased toward the tympanic cavity; the narrowest part of the tube is termed the isthmus. The position and relations of the pharyngeal orifice are described with the nasal part of the pharynx. The mucous membrane of the tube is continuous in front with that of the nasal part of the pharynx, and behind with that of the tympanic cavity; it is covered with ciliated epithelium and is thin in the osseous portion, while in the cartilaginous portion it contains many mucous glands and near the pharyngeal orifice a considerable amount of adenoid tissue, which has been named by Gerlach the tube tonsil. The tube is opened during deglutition by the Salpingopharyngeus and Dilatator tubC&. The latter arises from the hook of the cartilage and from the membranous part of the tube, and blends below with the Tensor veli palatini." [Wikipedia:Cartilage_of_pharyngotympanic_tube]
synonym: "cartilage of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:60096]
synonym: "cartilage of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60096]
synonym: "cartilago tubae auditivae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:60096, FMA:TA]
synonym: "cartilago tubae auditivae; cartilago tubae auditoriae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cartilage_of_pharyngotympanic_tube]
synonym: "cartilago tubae auditoriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:60096, FMA:TA]
synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube cartilage" EXACT [FMA:60096]
xref: FMA:60096
xref: SCTID:362565000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray915.png
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007355
name: bony part of pharyngotympanic tube
namespace: uberon
def: "The bony part of pharyngotympanic tube is about 12 mm. in length. It begins in the carotid wall of the tympanic cavity, below the septum canalis musculotubarii, and, gradually narrowing, ends at the angle of junction of the squama and the petrous portion of the temporal bone, its extremity presenting a jagged margin which serves for the attachment of the cartilaginous portion." [Wikipedia:Bony_part_of_pharyngotympanic_tube]
synonym: "bony part of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:60057]
synonym: "bony part of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60057]
synonym: "osseous portion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bony_part_of_pharyngotympanic_tube]
synonym: "osseous portion of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60057]
synonym: "pars ossea (tuba auditiva)" EXACT [FMA:60057]
synonym: "pars ossea (tuba auditoria)" EXACT [FMA:60057]
synonym: "pars ossea tubae auditivae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Bony_part_of_pharyngotympanic_tube]
xref: FMA:60057
xref: SCTID:362563007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Gray911.png
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube
intersection_of: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007356
name: crop
namespace: uberon
def: "A pouched enlargement of the gullet of many birds that serves as a receptacle for food and for its preliminary maceration." [BTO:0000301, Wikipedia:Crop_(anatomy)#Birds]
comment: Editor notes: we follow WP and place as part of the esophagus. Taxon notes: Aves specific structure - consider adding functional grouping class. Kardong: some cetaceans have a crop-like structure
synonym: "esophageal diverticulum" BROAD []
synonym: "esophageal pouch" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000301
xref: SCTID:68028003
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007357
name: proventriculus
namespace: uberon
def: "The glandular or true stomach of a bird that is situated between the crop and gizzard." [BTO:0001136, Wikipedia:Proventriculus]
comment: Taxon notes: consider extending to crocodilians. EMAPA has proventricular region
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: BTO:0001136
xref: GAID:1239
xref: MESH:A13.853.710
xref: SCTID:63897003
is_a: UBERON:0011953  ! stomach glandular region
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0005052 ! gizzard
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0007356 ! crop
relationship: has_part UBERON:0010038 ! fundic gastric gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007367
name: surface of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical surface that is part of a tongue." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "tongue surface" EXACT [FMA:54647]
xref: FMA:54647
xref: SCTID:314870004
is_a: UBERON:0006984  ! anatomical surface
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0006984  ! anatomical surface
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007371
name: superior surface of tongue
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal surface of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54646]
xref: FMA:54646
is_a: UBERON:0007367  ! surface of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007373
name: inferior surface of tongue
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral surface of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54648]
synonym: "ventrum linguae" EXACT []
xref: FMA:54648
xref: SCTID:362100003
is_a: UBERON:0007367  ! surface of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007374
name: incus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18228
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006248 ! incus pre-cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007375
name: roof of mouth
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure consisting of bone and soft tissue that forms a part of the roof of the oral cavity. In mammals this is the combination of the primary palate (premaxilla) and the secondary palate. In early tetrapods it consists of the vomer, pterygoid, parasphenoid, palatine and ectopterygoid bones." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor notes: check subclasses to verify if they refer to a multi-tissue structure or a subdivision of the skeleton
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "palate" RELATED []
synonym: "palatum" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "primary or secondary palate" RELATED []
synonym: "roof of buccal cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "roof of oral cavity" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007376
name: outer epithelial layer
namespace: uberon
def: "The epidermis is the entire outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species[GO]. The epidermis of a more complex invertebrate is just one-layer deep, and may be protected by a non-cellular cuticle. The epidermis of a higher vertebrate has many layers, and the outer layers are reinforced with keratin and then die[WP]." [Wikipedia:Epidermis_(zoology)]
comment: Editor's note: this grouping class exists primarily to align with GO - see GO:0008544.
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "epidermis" NARROW [GO:0008544]
synonym: "hypodermis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [GO:0008544, WBbt:0005733]
synonym: "outer epidermal layer" EXACT []
xref: FBbt:00004993
xref: HAO:0000298
xref: TADS:0000109
xref: WBbt:0005733
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007377
name: stratum compactum
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of the dermis characterized by a well-arranged, plywood-like, collagenous network." [ISBN10:0073040584, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-040726-12]
comment: connective tissue in the skin is usually diffuse and irregular, although in some species collagen bundles are arranged in a distinct ordered layer in the dermis
synonym: "dermal deep region" EXACT [ZFA:0001182]
xref: AAO:0010600
xref: TAO:0001182
xref: ZFA:0001182
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from collagenous dermal stroma (TAO:0001186)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of the dermis characterized by a well-arranged, plywood-like, collagenous network. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007378
name: egg yolk
namespace: uberon
def: "The yellow spheroidal mass of stored food that forms the inner portion of the egg of a bird or reptile and is surrounded by the white." [BTO:0000371, Wikipedia:Yolk]
synonym: "yolk" RELATED [BTO:0000371]
xref: AAO:0010579
xref: BTO:0000371
xref: MESH:A16.631.325
xref: VHOG:0001742
xref: ncithesaurus:Egg_Yolk
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007379 ! egg
property_value: external_definition "Extraembryonic structure that serves as a nutrient store for the embryo during development.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The majority of animals develop from a spherical egg with a single axis, the animal-vegetal (an-veg) axis. The animal half of the egg usually contains the nucleus of the oocyte, while the vegetal half of the egg is the preferred site for the storage of yolk. Eggs with an-veg polarity are considered ancestral for the vertebrates. Frogs, for example, have eggs with vegetally concentrated yolk and the nucleus located in the animal cytoplasm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007379
name: egg
namespace: uberon
def: "The hard-shelled reproductive body produced by a bird and especially by the common domestic chicken; also: its contents used as food." [BTO:0000369, Wikipedia:Egg_(biology)]
xref: BTO:0000369
xref: CALOHA:TS-2191
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007380
name: dermal scale
namespace: uberon
def: "Dermal bone that is thin, flexible, and platelike, and that develops in overlapping skinfolds that cover the body and often the head of fish and the bases of the fins." [TAO:curator, Wikipedia:Scale_(zoology)#Fish_scales]
synonym: "fish scale" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scale_(zoology)#Fish_scales]
synonym: "scales" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000277]
xref: AAO:0010056
xref: TAO:0000277
xref: VSAO:0000048
xref: ZFA:0000277
is_a: UBERON:0002542  ! scale
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007381
name: epidermal scale
namespace: uberon
def: "A fold in the surface epidermis composed of keratin[Kardong]." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Reptile_scale]
is_a: UBERON:0002542  ! scale
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007383
name: enveloping layer of ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Outermost monolayer of cells surrounding the embryo that become very flattened in the blastula and give rise to the periderm. Originallu this tissue is one cell layer thick but in most vertebrates it soon becomes a two layered structure. The outer layer gives rise to the periderm." [ISBN:9780878932504, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]
synonym: "EVL" EXACT [ZFA:0000086]
synonym: "enveloping layer" EXACT [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]
xref: EFO:0003425
xref: TAO:0000086
xref: ZFA:0000086
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from superficial blastomere (TAO:0001484)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Outermost monolayer of cells surrounding the embryo that become very flattened in the blastula and give rise to the periderm. Sometimes used synonymously with periderm. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007384
name: limb/fin lymph vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphatic vessel that is part of a limb/fin." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0005300
xref: ZFA:0005300
is_a: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007304 ! limb/fin vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007385
name: pectoral appendage lymph vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphatic vessel that is part of a pectoral appendage." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0005302
xref: ZFA:0005302
is_a: UBERON:0007384  ! limb/fin lymph vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007302 ! pectoral appendage vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007386
name: pelvic appendage lymph vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphatic vessel that is part of a pelvic appendage." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0007384  ! limb/fin lymph vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007389
name: limb/fin cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage tissue that is part of a limb/fin." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0001543
xref: ZFA:0001543
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
property_value: external_definition "Cartilage which is part of one of the paired fins.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007390
name: pectoral appendage cartilage tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage tissue that is part of a pectoral appendage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pectoral fin cartilage" RELATED [TAO:0000257]
xref: TAO:0000257
xref: ZFA:0000257
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007389  ! limb/fin cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007272 ! pectoral appendage skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage
property_value: external_definition "Cartilage which is part of the pectoral fin.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007391
name: pelvic appendage cartilage tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage tissue that is part of a pelvic appendage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pelvic fin cartilage" RELATED [TAO:0001459]
xref: TAO:0001459
xref: ZFA:0001459
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007389  ! limb/fin cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007273 ! pelvic appendage skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage
property_value: external_definition "Cartilage which is part of the pelvic fin.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007412
name: midbrain raphe nuclei
namespace: uberon
def: "Midline nuclei found in the midbrain, includes the dorsal raphe nucleus and the rostral linear nucleus of raphe." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676]
comment: todo - check. note BTO class is placed here as it is placed in hindbrain
synonym: "midbrain raphe" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676]
synonym: "midbrain raphe nuclei" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676]
synonym: "nuclei raphes tegmenti mesencephali" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77787, FMA:TA]
synonym: "raphe nuclei of tegmentum of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:77787]
synonym: "raphe nucleus" BROAD [BTO:0003387]
synonym: "set of raphe nuclei of tegmentum of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:77787]
xref: ABA:RAmb
xref: BTO:0003387
xref: FMA:77787
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 ! raphe nuclei
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001965
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002142

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007413
name: nucleus of pontine reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a pontine reticular formation." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pontine reticular formation nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72245]
xref: ABA:PRNr
xref: FMA:72245
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002573 ! pontine reticular formation
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002573 ! pontine reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007414
name: nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0012277
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a midbrain tegmentum." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: This class groups together any nuclei in the tegmentum region, possibly including disparate structures across species
synonym: "tegmental nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0005577]
xref: FMA:258768
xref: ZFA:0005577
is_a: UBERON:0002635  ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009661  ! midbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000125  ! neural nucleus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007415
name: nucleus of midbrain reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of midbrain tegmentum that is part of a midbrain reticular formation." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "midbrain reticular formation nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62443]
synonym: "midbrain reticular nucleus" EXACT [ABA:MRN]
xref: ABA:MRN
xref: FMA:62443
is_a: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002639 ! midbrain reticular formation
intersection_of: UBERON:0007414  ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002639 ! midbrain reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007416
name: cerebellar peduncle
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:272298
xref: MA:0002742
xref: SCTID:362417003
xref: UMLS:C0228515
xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Peduncle
is_a: UBERON:0007417  ! peduncle of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002474 ! cerebellar peduncular complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007417
name: peduncle of neuraxis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "neuraxis peduncle" EXACT [FMA:83860]
xref: FMA:83860
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007418
name: decussation of neuraxis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "neuraxis decussation" EXACT [FMA:83858]
xref: FMA:83858
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007425
name: decussation of diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A decussation of neuraxis that is part of a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon decussation" EXACT [FMA:62446]
xref: FMA:62446
is_a: UBERON:0003931  ! diencephalic white matter
is_a: UBERON:0007418  ! decussation of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0007418  ! decussation of neuraxis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007440
name: stratum intermedium of tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "The stratum intermedium in a developing tooth is a layer of two or three cells between the inner enamel epithelium and the newly forming cells of the stellate reticulum. It first appears during the early bell stage of tooth development, at around the 14th week of intrauterine life (in humans). The stratum intermedium has a notably high alkaline phosphatase activity. This layer, along with the inner enamel epithelium, is responsible for the tooth enamel formation. It is a part of the dental (enamel) organ." [Wikipedia:Stratum_intermedium]
synonym: "stratum intermedium" BROAD [BTO:0005009]
xref: BTO:0005009
xref: UMLS:C1514987
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Intermedium
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007473
name: lumen of epithelial sac
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003079
def: "The space within an epithelial sphere." [AEO:JB]
synonym: "cavity of vesicle" EXACT [AEO:0000079]
xref: AEO:0000079
is_a: UBERON:0012467  ! enclosed anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0007499 ! epithelial sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0007499 ! epithelial sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007475
name: matrix-based tissue
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003081
def: "A tissue whose predominant feature is extracellular matrix which may or may not be highly hydrated or calcified." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000081
xref: EHDAA2:0003081
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007486
name: fluid-based anatomical entity
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003095
def: "Fluid anatomical entity containing cells." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000095
xref: EHDAA2:0003095
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007490
name: keratin-based acellular structure
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003099
def: "Acellular anatomical structure whose predominant constituent is keratin." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000099
xref: EHDAA2:0003099
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007491
name: chitin-based acellular structure
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003100
def: "Acellular anatomical structure whose predominant constituent is chitin." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000100
xref: EHDAA2:0003100
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007497
name: developing epithelial placode
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003112
def: "A domain of columnar epithelium in an embryo that represents the early stage of the development of the epithelial component of a new anatomical structure." [AEO:0000218, JB:DEF]
comment: Consider merging with ectodermal placode? In EHDAA2 this includes lens, nasal, otic epibranchial and trigeminal placodes
synonym: "epithelial placode" EXACT [AEO:0000112]
xref: AEO:0000218
xref: AEO_RETIRED:0000112
xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003112
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007499
name: epithelial sac
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelial tube that is open at one end only." [AEO:JB, UBERONREF:0000001]
xref: AEO:0000115
xref: EHDAA2:0003115
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0009856  ! sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007500
name: epithelial tube open at both ends
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelial tube open at both ends that allows fluid flow." [AEO:JB, UBERONREF:0000001]
xref: AEO:0000116
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003116
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007501
name: arborizing epithelial duct system
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003117
def: "A collection of connected epithelial tubes with a single portal." [AEO:JB, UBERONREF:0000001]
synonym: "arborising epithelial duct system" EXACT [AEO:0000117]
xref: AEO:0000117
xref: EHDAA2:0003117
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
relationship: has_part UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007502
name: epithelial plexus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003118
def: "A complex of interlinking epithelial tubules." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000118
xref: EHDAA2:0003118
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
relationship: has_part UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007503
name: epithelial vesicle
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003119
def: "A closed epithelium with a lumen." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000119
xref: EHDAA2:0003119
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007521
name: smooth muscle sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "A ring of smooth muscle cells whose contraction closes the opening of the ring." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000143
xref: EHDAA2:0003143
xref: SCTID:362915001
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007522
name: striated muscle sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "A ring of striated muscle cells whose contraction closes the opening of the ring." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000144
xref: EHDAA2:0003144
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007524
name: dense mesenchyme tissue
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003146
def: "Mesenchyme with little extracellular matrix." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000146
xref: EHDAA2:0003146
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007529
name: loose mesenchyme tissue
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003151
def: "Mesenchyme whose cells are embedded in obvious amounts of extracellular matrix." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000151
xref: EHDAA2:0003151
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007530
name: migrating mesenchyme population
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003152
def: "Mesenchymal cells that are migrating." [AEO:JB]
comment: Editors note: this class will be an important part of the NC reorganization
xref: AEO:0000152
xref: EHDAA2:0003152
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007540
name: obsolete surface sense organ
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: obsoleted due to incorrect logical definition. A new class with the same name may be created in the future.

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007567
name: regenerating anatomical structure
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003233
def: "An anatomical structure that, as part of its normal physiology, undergoes regeneration. Examples include endometrium and antlers." [AEO:JB]
comment: Editor notes: we define this in terms of active participation in regeneration, rather that capabilities. In this sense it is different from the AEO structure.
synonym: "regenerating tissue" RELATED [ZFA:0005147]
synonym: "regenerative tissue" RELATED []
xref: AEO:0000200
xref: EHDAA2:0003233
xref: TAO:0005147
xref: XAO:0004059
xref: ZFA:0005147
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
property_value: external_definition "A portion of tissue that is regrowing after damage or amputation.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007573
name: migrating epithelium
namespace: uberon
alt_id: EHDAA2:0003251
def: "An epithelium that extends its surface area by peripheral movement." [AEO:JB]
xref: AEO:0000206
xref: EHDAA2:0003251
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007574
name: apical epidermal cap
namespace: uberon
synonym: "apical epidermal caps" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005148]
synonym: "apical epithelial cap" EXACT [Wikipedia:Blastema]
xref: TAO:0005148
xref: ZFA:0005148
is_a: UBERON:0007567  ! regenerating anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:2001389 ! regeneration epithelium of fin/limb
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8293
property_value: external_definition "Part of the regeneration epithelium closest to the fin.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007592
name: ciliated columnar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Simple columnar epithelium in which the luminal side of the cells bears cilia. Examples: epithelium of trachea, epithelium of uterine tube.[FMA]" [FMA:64798]
xref: FMA:64798
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007601  ! ciliated epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007601
name: ciliated epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium bearing vibratile cilia on the free surface." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ciliated+epithelium]
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007602
name: stratified columnar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Stratified columnar epithelia is a rare type of epithelial tissue composed of column shaped cells arranged in multiple layers. Stratified columnar epithelia are found in the ocular conjunctiva of the eye, in parts of the pharynx and anus, the female's uterus, the male urethra and vas deferens. Also found in intralobular ducts in salivary glands.[WP]" [Wikipedia:Stratified_columnar_epithelia]
synonym: "epithelium stratificatum columnare" EXACT [FMA:45564]
xref: FMA:45564
xref: UMLS:C0836132
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratified_Columnar_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000486  ! multilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012274  ! columnar epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007603
name: stratified cuboidal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Stratified cuboidal epithelia is a rare type of epithelial tissue composed of cuboidally shaped cells arranged in multiple layers. They protect areas such as ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands." [Wikipedia:Stratified_cuboidal_epithelium]
synonym: "epithelium stratificatum cuboideum" EXACT [FMA:63912]
xref: FMA:63912
xref: UMLS:C0932055
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Gray940.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Stratified_Cuboidal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000486  ! multilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010077  ! cuboidal epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007606
name: ciliated stratified columnar epithelium
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:67521
is_a: UBERON:0007601  ! ciliated epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007602  ! stratified columnar epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007610
name: tibial artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior and posterior arteries created at the bifurcation of the popliteal artery. The anterior tibial artery begins at the lower border of the popliteus muscle and lies along the tibia at the distal part of the leg to surface superficially anterior to the ankle joint. Its branches are distributed throughout the leg, ankle, and pes. The posterior tibial artery begins at the lower border of the popliteus muscle, lies behind the tibia in the lower part of its course, and is found situated between the medial malleolus and the medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity. Its branches are distributed throughout the leg and foot." [MESH:A07.231.114.895]
xref: GAID:514
xref: MA:0002067
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.895
xref: SCTID:181351007
xref: UMLS:C0085427
xref: ncithesaurus:Tibial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003516  ! hindlimb blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007612
name: extensor digitorum communis
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle on the back of the forearm that extends the fingers and wrist." [BTO:0001343, Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_muscle]
synonym: "extensor communis" RELATED []
synonym: "extensor digitorum" EXACT [FMA:38500]
synonym: "extensor digitorum communis muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus extensor digitorum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_muscle]
xref: BTO:0001343
xref: FMA:38500
xref: MA:0002293
xref: UMLS:C1707982
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Extensor_digitorum_muscle.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Digitorum_Communis
is_a: UBERON:0011024  ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001523 ! flexor digitorum profundus
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0003222 ! flexor digitorum superficialis
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007613
name: extensor digitorum lateralis muscle
namespace: uberon
comment: Origin distal to extensor digitorum communis. The part of this muscle that gives a tendon to the 5th digit is comparable to the extensor digiti quinti proprius of the human [ISBN10:9780716717553]
synonym: "extensor digitorum lateralis" EXACT [MA:0002294]
xref: MA:0002294
xref: UMLS:C1707983
xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Digitorum_Lateralis
is_a: UBERON:0011024  ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003639 ! manual digit 5 phalanx
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007614
name: extensor digiti minimi muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The extensor minimi digiti (extensor digiti quinti proprius) is a slender muscle of the forearm, placed on the ulnar side of the Extensor digitorum communis, with which it is generally connected. It arises from the common Extensor tendon by a thin tendinous slip, from the intermuscular septa between it and the adjacent muscles. Its tendon runs through a compartment of the dorsal carpal ligament behind the distal radio-ulnar joint, then divides into two as it crosses the manus, and finally joins the expansion of the Extensor digitorum communis tendon on the dorsum of the first phalanx of the little finger[WP]." [Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle, http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/MuscularSystem/Text/E/14Extensor.shtml]
comment: The tendon of insertion is sometimes divided and gives a slip to the fourth digit. An ulnar slip has been observed to end on the base of the fifth metacarpal, thus exactly reproducing the arrangement of the serially homologous slip known as peroneus tertius in the leg. The muscle may be absent in rare cases, but fusion with extensor digitorum is frequent, in which case the tendon comes from the common extensor.
synonym: "extensor digiti minimi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle]
synonym: "extensor digiti minimi %28hand%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle]
synonym: "extensor digiti quinti proprius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle, http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/MuscularSystem/Text/E/14Extensor.shtml]
synonym: "musculus extensor digiti minimi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle]
xref: FMA:38503
xref: SCTID:361819009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray424.png
is_a: UBERON:0011024  ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 ! ectepicondyle of humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007616
name: layer of synovial tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A thin, loose vascular connective tissue that makes up the membranes surrounding joints and the sheaths protecting tendons (particularly flexor tendons in the hands and feet) where they pass over bony prominences. Synovial tissue contains synovial cells, which secrete a viscous liquid called synovial fluid; this liquid contains protein and hyaluronic acid and serves as a lubricant and nutrient for the joint cartilage surfaces[BTO]. Synovial tissue can be found in tendons (tissues that connect muscle to bone), bursae (fluid-filled, cushioning sacs found in spaces between tendons, ligaments, and bones), and the cavity (hollow enclosed area) that separates the bones of a freely movable joint, such as the knee or elbow[BTO]." [BTO:0001338, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/578563/synovial-tissue]
synonym: "stratum synoviale" NARROW [FMA:TA]
synonym: "synovial layer" NARROW [FMA:66762]
synonym: "synovial membrane" NARROW [FMA:66762]
synonym: "synovial tissue" RELATED [BTO:0001338]
xref: BTO:0001338
xref: FMA:66762
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: secretes UBERON:0001090 ! synovial fluid
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0001090 ! synovial fluid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007617
name: synovial cavity of joint
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a synovial joint." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "articular cavity (synovial joint)" EXACT [FMA:11356]
synonym: "cavitas articularis (junctura synovialis)" EXACT [FMA:11356]
synonym: "cavity of synovial joint" EXACT [FMA:11356]
xref: FMA:11356
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007618
name: synovial cavity of hip joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A synovial cavity of joint that is part of a hip joint." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:19021
xref: FMA:9701
is_a: UBERON:0007617  ! synovial cavity of joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0007617  ! synovial cavity of joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007619
name: limiting membrane of retina
namespace: uberon
comment: MA does treat  internal/external limiting membranes as layers - these are classified as laminae. We do not follow this convention. However, we do following MA is grouping these terms together
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "retina lamina" EXACT [MA:0001318]
xref: MA:0001318
xref: SCTID:280667001
is_a: UBERON:0003902  ! retinal neural layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007622
name: pecten oculi
namespace: uberon
def: "a comb-like structure of blood vessels belonging to the choroid in the eye of a bird or reptile. It is non-sensory and is a pigmented structure that projects into the vitreous body from the point where the optic nerve enters the eyeball. The pecten is believed to both nourish the retina and control the pH of the vitreous body." [Wikipedia:Pecten_oculi]
is_a: UBERON:0002203  ! vasculature of eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007623
name: comb and wattle
namespace: uberon
def: "A wattle is a fleshy dewlap or caruncle hanging from various parts of the head or neck in several groups of birds, goats and other animals. In some birds the caruncle is erectile tissue." [Wikipedia:Wattle_(anatomy)]
synonym: "wattle" RELATED [GAID:1207]
synonym: "wattles and comb" RELATED [GAID:1207]
xref: GAID:1207
xref: MESH:A13.242
xref: SCTID:37118002
is_a: UBERON:0000021  ! cutaneous appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007625
name: pigment epithelium of eye
namespace: uberon
def: "epithelial layer of the retina, ciliary body, or iris composed of cells containing pigment granules." [MP:0005200]
synonym: "eye pigment epithelium" RELATED [MESH:A09.371.670]
xref: GAID:907
xref: MESH:A09.371.670
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000970 ! eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000970 ! eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007626
name: subparaventricular zone
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:SBPV
xref: MA:0000842
is_a: UBERON:0003048  ! regional part of hypothalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007627
name: magnocellular nucleus of stria terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3220]
comment: the magnocellular nucleus projects to virtually all known major parts of the brain network that controls pelvic functions, including micturition, defecation, and penile erection, as well as to brain networks controlling nutrient and body water homeostasis. This and other evidence suggests that the magnocellular nucleus is part of a corticostriatopallidal differentiation modulating and coordinating pelvic functions with the maintenance of nutrient and body water homeostasis[PMID:16304682]
synonym: "magnocellular nucleus" EXACT [MA:0000928]
xref: ABA:BSTmg
xref: MA:0000928
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011173 ! anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003017

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007628
name: lateral septal complex
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - split nucleus and complex
xref: ABA:LSX
xref: FMA:61878
xref: MA:0000933
is_a: UBERON:0002663  ! septal nuclear complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007629
name: medial septal complex
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:MSC
xref: FMA:61879
xref: MA:0000934
is_a: UBERON:0002663  ! septal nuclear complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002977

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007630
name: septohippocampal nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:SH
xref: MA:0000939
is_a: UBERON:0002663  ! septal nuclear complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007628 ! lateral septal complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001878
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002667

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007631
name: accessory olfactory bulb glomerular layer
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:AOBgl
xref: MA:0000967
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004069 ! accessory olfactory bulb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007632
name: Barrington's nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:B
xref: MA:0001011
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007633
name: nucleus of trapezoid body
namespace: uberon
comment: consider splitting into nucleus and complex
synonym: "nuclei of trapezoid body" RELATED [FMA:84023]
synonym: "set of nuclei of trapezoid body" RELATED [FMA:84023]
xref: ABA:NTB
xref: BM:NTB
xref: FMA:84023
xref: MA:0001018
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_745
xref: SCTID:362405000
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007634
name: parabrachial nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:PB
xref: BM:PB
xref: MA:0001019
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002128
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002597
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006840

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007635
name: nucleus of medulla oblongata
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural nucleus that is part of a medulla oblongata." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:258772
xref: SCTID:304943004
is_a: UBERON:0002678  ! regional part of medulla oblongata
is_a: UBERON:0006331  ! brainstem nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0000125  ! neural nucleus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007641
name: trigeminal nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla. There is also a distinct trigeminal motor nucleus that is medial to the chief sensory nucleus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve_nuclei]
comment: In MA and FMA this is part of the pons / pontime tegmentum. We weaken this to overlaps to avoid inconsistency. In NIF this is a composite structure spanning multiple regions, which is more appropriate.
synonym: "nuclei trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve_nuclei]
synonym: "trigeminal nuclei" EXACT [FMA:71248]
xref: BM:V
xref: FMA:71248
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4096
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png
is_a: UBERON:0007245  ! nuclear complex of neuraxis
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007642
name: ligamentum arteriosum
namespace: uberon
def: "a small ligament attached to the superior surface of the pulmonary trunk and the inferior surface of the aortic arch. It is a nonfunctional vestige of the ductus arteriosus, and is formed within three weeks of birth. The ligamentum arteriosum is closely related to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the left vagus nerve. After splitting from the left vagus nerve, the left recurrent laryngeal loops around the aortic arch posterior to the ligamentum arteriosum, after which it ascends to the larynx[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ligamentum_arteriosum]
synonym: "Botallo's duct" EXACT [FMA:13421]
synonym: "Botallo's ligament" EXACT [FMA:13421]
synonym: "Harvey's ligament" EXACT [FMA:13421]
synonym: "arterial ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ligamentum_arteriosum]
xref: FMA:13421
xref: SCTID:198009004
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006591  ! transformed artery
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005440 ! ductus arteriosus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006591  ! transformed artery
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0005440 ! ductus arteriosus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007643
name: node of ligamentum arteriosum
namespace: uberon
def: "an inconstant lymph node of the anterior mediastinal group located adjacent to the ligamentum arteriosum." [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?node+of+ligamentum+arteriosum]
synonym: "Botallo's node" EXACT [FMA:74033]
synonym: "ligamentum arteriosum node" EXACT [FMA:74033]
synonym: "lymph node of ligamentum arteriosum" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "nodus ligamenti arteriosi" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?node+of+ligamentum+arteriosum]
xref: FMA:74033
is_a: UBERON:0002524  ! mediastinal lymph node
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0007642 ! ligamentum arteriosum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007644
name: thoracic lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymph node that is part of a thorax. Includes lymph nodes of the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes" [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Lymph_node#Lymph_nodes_of_the_thorax]
synonym: "lymph node of thorax" EXACT [FMA:12772]
xref: FMA:12772
xref: SCTID:196374005
xref: UMLS:C0229745
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007645
name: future meninx
namespace: uberon
comment: The zebrafish primitive meninx develops from neural crest[UBERONREF:0000002]. In EHDAA2 the meninges are divided by layer and location, each has differing developmental origins - mesenchyme from mesoderm/endoderm, mesenchyme from NC
synonym: "primitive meninx" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002360 ! meninx
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007646
name: endomeninx
namespace: uberon
def: "the layer of embryonic mesoderm from which the arachnoid coat and pia mater of the brain develop." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/endomeninx]
is_a: UBERON:0007645  ! future meninx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007647
name: ectomeninx
namespace: uberon
def: "the layer of mesoderm from which the dura mater and much of the membrane bone of the skull develop in the higher vertebrate embryo." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/ectomeninx]
is_a: UBERON:0007645  ! future meninx
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007650
name: esophagogastric junction
namespace: uberon
def: "the junction between the esophagus and the stomach epithelium" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/esophagogastric+junction]
synonym: "GEJ" RELATED []
synonym: "cardioesophageal junction" EXACT [FMA:9434]
synonym: "esophageal sphincter" RELATED [MESH:A03.365.414]
synonym: "esophagogastric junction" RELATED [MESH:A03.365.414]
synonym: "gastroesophageal junction" EXACT [FMA:9434]
synonym: "squamocolumnar junction between esophagus and stomach" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0004364
xref: FMA:9434
xref: GAID:292
xref: MESH:A03.365.414
xref: SCTID:362130006
xref: UMLS:C0014871
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastroesophageal_Junction
is_a: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001276 ! epithelium of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007651
name: anatomical junction
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure in which parts of two or more anatomical structures establish physical continuity with one another or intermingle their component parts. Examples: gastroesophageal junction, line alba, knee joint.[FMA]" [FMA:5898]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: FMA:5898
xref: SCTID:91833003
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007652
name: esophageal sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "A sphincter muscle that is part of an esophagus." [OBOL:accepted]
comment: editor note - check for specific subtypes across species. Note mammals have upper and lower, but lower is really part of cardia and thus is not classified under here
synonym: "oesophagial sphincter" EXACT [ZFA:0000415]
xref: SCTID:277765007
xref: TAO:0000415
xref: ZFA:0000415
is_a: UBERON:0003832  ! esophagus muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007653
name: capillary loop nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "Developing nephron where the developing glomerular capsule has been invaded by a glomerular capillary loop called the glomerular tuft." [ZFIN:curator]
comment: TODO
synonym: "developing capillary loop stage nephron" EXACT [EMAPA:28506]
synonym: "stage III nephron" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/Capillary_loop.html]
xref: EMAPA:28506
xref: ZFA:0005590
is_a: UBERON:0010532  ! primitive nephron
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004199 ! S-shaped body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007654
name: maturing nephron
namespace: uberon
comment: TODO
synonym: "stage IV nephron" RELATED [EMAPA:28485]
xref: EMAPA:28485
is_a: UBERON:0010532  ! primitive nephron
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007653 ! capillary loop nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007656
name: lateral recess of fourth ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral recess is a projection of the fourth ventricle which extends into the inferior cerebellar peduncle of the brainstem. The lateral aperture, an opening in each extremity of the lateral recess, provides a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid to flow from the brain's ventricular system into the subarachnoid space." [Wikipedia:Lateral_recess]
synonym: "lateral recess" BROAD [EMAPA:17257]
synonym: "recessus lateralis ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_recess]
xref: EMAPA:17257
xref: FMA:78470
xref: SCTID:369283008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray768.png
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle
disjoint_from: UBERON:0008902  ! lateral recess of third vetricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007657
name: anular ligament of radius
namespace: uberon
def: "The anular ligament (orbicular ligament) is a strong band of fibers, which encircles the head of the radius (bone), and retains it in contact with the radial notch of the ulna" [Wikipedia:Anular_ligament_of_radius]
synonym: "annular ligament of radius" EXACT [FMA:38872]
synonym: "anular ligament" BROAD [EMAPA:19322]
synonym: "ligamentum anulare radii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:38872, FMA:TA]
synonym: "orbicular ligament of radius" EXACT [FMA:38872]
xref: EMAPA:19322
xref: FMA:38872
xref: SCTID:182394000
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
is_a: UBERON:0003574  ! elbow connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003575  ! wrist connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004268  ! lower arm connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007165 ! proximal radio-ulnar joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007679
name: intersegmental vein
namespace: uberon
def: "a vein receiving blood from adjacent bronchopulmonary segments; it emerges from the inferior margin of a segment to become a tributary of a branch of a pulmonary vein[web]. Primary intersegmental vessels that are contacted by secondary angiogenic sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein and take on the characteristics of veins.  These eventually link with other secondary sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein to form the parachordal vessel[ZFA]." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-030908-4, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97310]
synonym: "ISV" BROAD [ZFA:0001057]
synonym: "intersegmental pulmonary vein" EXACT [FMA:76965]
synonym: "segmental vein" RELATED [EMAPA:26056]
xref: EMAPA:26056
xref: FMA:76965
xref: SCTID:361448009
xref: TAO:0001057
xref: ZFA:0001057
is_a: UBERON:0002016  ! pulmonary vein
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass intersegmental vessel (TAO:0001285)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Primary intersegmental vessels that are contacted by secondary angiogenic sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein and take on the characteristics of veins.  These eventually link with other secondary sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein to form the parachordal vessel. Isogai et al. 2003.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007681
name: facial neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial neural crest that is part of the facial region." [ZFA:0000875]
xref: EMAPA:16311
xref: TAO:0000875
xref: VHOG:0001209
xref: ZFA:0000875
is_a: UBERON:0003099  ! cranial neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007683
name: lateral mesenchyme derived from mesoderm
namespace: uberon
xref: EFO:0003590
xref: EMAPA:16409
xref: TAO:0000905
xref: ZFA:0000905
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007684
name: uriniferous tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "functional unit of the kidney that forms urine, consisting of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule." [ISBN10:0073040584]
xref: FMA:17691
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0004819  ! kidney epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007685
name: region of nephron tubule
namespace: uberon
comment: note - consider moving MA:0000377 renal tubule here, as it includes the various segments (proximal etc) as subclasses, not parts
synonym: "region of renal tubule" RELATED [FMA:17692]
synonym: "renal tubule region" EXACT [FMA:17692]
xref: FMA:17692
is_a: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule
is_a: UBERON:0004810  ! nephron tubule epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007686
name: obsolete Hatschek's pit/nephridium
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007687
name: kidney field
namespace: uberon
def: "region of the embryo into the area in which the kidney rudiment will develop." [GO:0072004, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
synonym: "kidney anlage" RELATED [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007688
name: anlage
namespace: uberon
def: "Anlagen are populations of contiguous cells, typically arranged in one plane, that are morphologically indistinct, but that already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue." [FBbt:00005426, JB:DEF, Wikipedia:Anlage_(biology)]
synonym: "field" RELATED []
xref: AEO:0000170
xref: EFO:0001649
xref: EHDAA2:0003170
xref: FBbt:00005426
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007689
name: thyroid diverticulum
namespace: uberon
def: "endodermal bud derived from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor[MP]. The thyroid diverticulum is the embryological structure from which thyroid follicular cells derive. It grows from the floor of the pharnyx[WP]." [MP:0004662, Wikipedia:Thyroid_diverticulum]
synonym: "saccus thyroideus; diverticulum thyroideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid_diverticulum]
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003091 ! thyroid primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007690
name: early pharyngeal endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://dev.biologists.org/content/128/22/4573.full]
comment: relation conflict: ZFA vs EHDAA2. Note EHDAA2 term renamed to 'early PA endoderm'
synonym: "early pharyngeal arch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001457]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "pharyngeal endoderm" RELATED [ZFA:0001104]
synonym: "pharyngeal region endoderm" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001456]
xref: EFO:0003626
xref: EHDAA2:0001457
xref: EHDAA:962
xref: TAO:0001104
xref: ZFA:0001104
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009722 ! entire pharyngeal arch endoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007691
name: gustatory pore
namespace: uberon
def: "The minute opening of a taste bud on the surface of the oral mucosa through which the gustatory hairs of the specialised neuroepithelial gustatory cells project. " [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?gustatory+pore]
synonym: "porus gustatorius" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?gustatory+pore]
synonym: "taste pore" EXACT [FMA:63589]
xref: FMA:63589
xref: SCTID:368724008
xref: UMLS:C0226971
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Taste_bud.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Taste_Pore
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000167 ! oral cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001727 ! taste bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001727 ! taste bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007692
name: nucleus of thalamus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a thalamus." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo - consider splitting nucleus and complex
synonym: "nuclear complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:256693]
synonym: "thalamic nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002992]
xref: BTO:0002452
xref: FMA:256693
xref: MA:0002992
xref: SCTID:279115000
is_a: UBERON:0002730  ! regional part of thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0006569  ! diencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007693
name: caroticotympanic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The caroticotympanic branch (tympanic branch) is small; it enters the tympanic cavity through a minute foramen in the carotid canal, and anastomoses with the anterior tympanic branch of the internal maxillary, and with the stylomastoid artery." [Wikipedia:Caroticotympanic_arteries]
synonym: "arteriae caroticotympanicae, ramus caroticotympanicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Caroticotympanic_arteries]
synonym: "caroticotympanic branch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Caroticotympanic_arteries]
xref: FMA:49828
xref: SCTID:148470005
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005608 ! hyoid artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007699
name: tract of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "An axon tract that is part of a spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal cord tract" EXACT [FMA:75683]
xref: FMA:75683
xref: UMLS:C1519456
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Tract
is_a: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007702
name: tract of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "An axon tract that is part of a brain." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: we place the NIF class here because it is part of the brain
synonym: "brain tract" EXACT [FMA:83848]
xref: FMA:83848
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1649
is_a: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007703
name: spinothalamic tract
namespace: uberon
def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the spinal cord towards target cells in the thalamus. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the spinothalamic tract, one of the major routes of nociceptive signaling[GO]." [Wikipedia:Spinothalamic_tract]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010017
xref: SCTID:280417000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007707
name: superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "Regional part of superior cerebellar peduncle, located in the midbrain, consisting of a large bundle of fibers largely projecting from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the midbrain and thalamus.  It is continuous with the superior cerebellar peduncle of the pons. (MM)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162]
synonym: "SCPMB" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162]
synonym: "superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162
is_a: UBERON:0002635  ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum
is_a: UBERON:0003035  ! regional part of cerebellar white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002150 ! superior cerebellar peduncle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007709
name: superior cerebellar peduncle of pons
namespace: uberon
comment: note that FMA:72495 most likely denotes this class rather than the more generic parent, due to the part of relationship to pontine tegmentum.
synonym: "SCPP" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1726]
synonym: "superior cerebellar peduncle of pons" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1726]
xref: FMA:72495
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1726
xref: NeuroNames:1007150190
is_a: UBERON:0002680  ! regional part of metencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0003035  ! regional part of cerebellar white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002150 ! superior cerebellar peduncle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007710
name: intermediate nucleus of lateral lemniscus
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check
synonym: "nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, horizontal part" EXACT [ABA:NLLh]
xref: ABA:NLLh
xref: FMA:77485
is_a: UBERON:0006840  ! nucleus of lateral lemniscus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007711
name: sixth cervical dorsal root ganglion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sixth cervical dorsal root ganglia" EXACT [FMA:6319]
synonym: "sixth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2608]
synonym: "sixth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6319]
xref: EMAPA:25159
xref: FMA:6319
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2608
is_a: UBERON:0002834  ! cervical dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007712
name: fourth thoracic spinal ganglion
namespace: uberon
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "forth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2614]
synonym: "fourth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6324, UBERON:cjm]
xref: EMAPA:25177
xref: FMA:6324
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2614
is_a: UBERON:0002835  ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007713
name: fourth sacral spinal ganglion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "forth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2631]
synonym: "fourth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6345, UBERON:cjm]
xref: EMAPA:25173
xref: FMA:6345
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2631
is_a: UBERON:0002837  ! sacral dorsal root ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007714
name: cervical subsegment of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
synonym: "segment part of cervical spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1688]
xref: FMA:256653
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1688
xref: SCTID:278749009
is_a: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007715
name: thoracic subsegment of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
synonym: "segment part of thoracic spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_892]
xref: FMA:256655
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_892
is_a: UBERON:0003038  ! thoracic spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007716
name: lumbar subsegment of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
synonym: "segment part of lumbar spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1652]
xref: FMA:256657
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1652
xref: SCTID:278751008
is_a: UBERON:0002792  ! lumbar spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007717
name: sacral subsegment of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
synonym: "segment part of sacral spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1512]
xref: FMA:256659
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1512
xref: SCTID:278752001
is_a: UBERON:0005844  ! spinal cord segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007718
name: principal artery to limb
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007719
name: bone of reproductive structure
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a reproductive structure." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "baculum" NARROW []
synonym: "os penis/os clitoris" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007721
name: interphalangeal joint of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "The interphalangeal articulations of the foot (articulations of the phalanges) are ginglymoid joints, and each has a plantar and two collateral ligaments. The arrangement of these ligaments is similar to that in the metatarsophalangeal articulations: the Extensor tendons supply the places of dorsal ligaments." [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_foot]
synonym: "foot interphalangeal joint" EXACT [MESH:A02.835.583.378.900]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of foot" EXACT [FMA:35225]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35225, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "toe joint" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.583.378.900]
xref: FMA:35225
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.378.900
xref: SCTID:182225005
xref: UMLS:C0040356
xref: ncithesaurus:Interphalangeal_Joint_of_the_Foot
xref: ncithesaurus:Toe_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001487  ! joint of pes
is_a: UBERON:0006658  ! inter-phalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001449 {cardinality="2"} ! phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0006658  ! inter-phalangeal joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007722
name: interphalangeal joint of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "The interphalangeal articulations of hand are hinge-joints of the phalanges of the hand. There are two sets (except in the thumb): \"proximal interphalangeal joints\" (PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) phalanges \"distal interphalangeal joints\" (DIP), those between the second and third (distal) phalanges A similar group of articulations also function in the toes." [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
comment: Editor notes: consider renaming: 'finger' is ambiguous as the term in some usages excludes the thumb (we include it)
synonym: "IP joint" RELATED [FMA:35285]
synonym: "articulationes digitorum manus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
synonym: "articulationes interphalangeae manus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
synonym: "articulations of the digits" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
synonym: "interphalangeal articulations of hand" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35285, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of hand" EXACT [FMA:35285]
synonym: "interphalangeal joints of hand" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
xref: FMA:35285
xref: SCTID:303280009
xref: UMLS:C0016125
xref: ncithesaurus:Interphalangeal_Joint_of_the_Hand
is_a: UBERON:0001489  ! manus joint
is_a: UBERON:0006658  ! inter-phalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001436 {cardinality="2"} ! phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0006658  ! inter-phalangeal joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007723
name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Taxon notes: in humans, this connects proximal and distal phalanges of the thumb, so there is only a single inter-phalangeal joint - i.e. there is no distinct proximal and distal joints
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35312]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of hand digit 1" EXACT []
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of manual digit 1" EXACT []
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of pollex" EXACT []
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35312, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:25058
xref: FMA:35312
xref: SCTID:182192008
is_a: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
relationship: connects UBERON:0003620 {cardinality="2"} ! manual digit 1 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007724
name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of big toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35353, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35353]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of first digit of pes" EXACT [FMA:35353]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of foot digit 1" EXACT []
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of great toe" EXACT [FMA:35353]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of hallux" EXACT []
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 1" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:26430
xref: FMA:35353
xref: SCTID:363671008
is_a: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0003640 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 1 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007725
name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35356]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of second toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35356, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:26448
xref: FMA:35356
is_a: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0003641 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 2 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007726
name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35359]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of third toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35359, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:26454
xref: FMA:35359
is_a: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0003642 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 3 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007727
name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35362]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fourth toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35362, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:26466
xref: FMA:35362
is_a: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0003862 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 4 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007728
name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35365]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:35365]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of little toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35365, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:26478
xref: FMA:35365
is_a: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0003863 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 5 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0007721  ! interphalangeal joint of pes
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007729
name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35397, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35397]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of second finger" EXACT [FMA:35397]
xref: EMAPA:25061
xref: FMA:35397
is_a: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
relationship: connects UBERON:0003641 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 2 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007730
name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35400, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35400]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of third finger" EXACT [FMA:35400]
xref: EMAPA:25064
xref: FMA:35400
is_a: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
relationship: connects UBERON:0003642 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 3 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007731
name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35403]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:35403]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35403, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:25067
xref: FMA:35403
is_a: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
relationship: connects UBERON:0003862 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 4 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007732
name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35407]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:35407]
synonym: "interphalangeal joint of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35407, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:25070
xref: FMA:35407
is_a: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
relationship: connects UBERON:0003863 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 5 phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0007722  ! interphalangeal joint of manus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007735
name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 1 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25057]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 1" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35249]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35249, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:25057
xref: FMA:35249
xref: SCTID:361844001
is_a: UBERON:0003695  ! metacarpophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007738
name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 2 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25060]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 2" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35252, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35252]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of second finger" EXACT [FMA:35252]
xref: EMAPA:25060
xref: FMA:35252
xref: SCTID:361845000
is_a: UBERON:0003695  ! metacarpophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007741
name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "carpometacarpophalangeal joint of third digit" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782]
synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 3 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25063]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 3" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35255, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35255]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of third finger" EXACT [FMA:35255]
xref: EMAPA:25063
xref: FMA:35255
xref: SCTID:361846004
is_a: UBERON:0003695  ! metacarpophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007744
name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "carpometacarpophalangeal joint of fourth digit" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782]
synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 4 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25066]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 4" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35258]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:35258]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35258, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:25066
xref: FMA:35258
xref: SCTID:361847008
is_a: UBERON:0003695  ! metacarpophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007747
name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 5 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25069]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 5" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35261]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:35261]
synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35261, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:25069
xref: FMA:35261
xref: SCTID:361848003
is_a: UBERON:0003695  ! metacarpophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007750
name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect
synonym: "first metatarsophalangeal joint" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35228, NCBITaxon:9606]
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35228]
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe" EXACT [FMA:35228]
xref: EMAPA:26436
xref: FMA:35228
xref: SCTID:182223003
is_a: UBERON:0003696  ! metatarsophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004315 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004315 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007753
name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35231]
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of second toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35231, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:26442
xref: FMA:35231
xref: SCTID:361869001
is_a: UBERON:0003696  ! metatarsophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004316 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004316 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007756
name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35234]
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of third toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35234, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:26460
xref: FMA:35234
xref: SCTID:361870000
is_a: UBERON:0003696  ! metatarsophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004317 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004317 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007759
name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35237]
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of fourth toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35237, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:26472
xref: FMA:35237
xref: SCTID:361871001
is_a: UBERON:0003696  ! metatarsophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004318 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004318 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007762
name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35240]
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:35240]
synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of little toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35240, NCBITaxon:9606]
xref: EMAPA:26484
xref: FMA:35240
xref: SCTID:361872008
is_a: UBERON:0003696  ! metatarsophalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004319 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004319 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007763
name: cerebellum culmen
namespace: uberon
comment: ABA splits culmen into IV and V and IV-V
synonym: "culmen" BROAD [MA:0001001, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_926]
synonym: "neuraxis culmen" EXACT [FMA:83886]
xref: ABA:CUL
xref: FMA:83886
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_926
xref: SCTID:279384001
xref: SCTID:89649002
is_a: UBERON:0004070  ! cerebellum vermis lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 ! cerebellum anterior vermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007764
name: paramedian reticular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The paramedian reticular nucleus (in Terminologia Anatomica, or paramedian medullary reticular group in NeuroNames) sends its connections to the spinal cord in a mostly ipsilateral manner, although there is some decussation. It projects to the vermis in the anterior lobe, the pyramis and the uvula. The paramedian nucleus also projects to the contralateral PRN, the gigantocellular nucleus, and the nucleus ambiguous. The paramedian reticular formation is adjacent to the abducens (VI)nucleus in the pons and adjacent to the oculomotor nucleus(III) in the midbrain. The paramedian nucleus receives afferents mostly from the fastigial nucleus in the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex; however, the projections from the spinal cord are very sparse. The descending afferent connections come mostly from the frontal and parietal lobes; however the pontine reticular formation also sends projections to the paramedian reticular nucleus. There are also very sparse innervations from the superior colliculus. Lesions in the paramedian reticular nucleus have been shown to cause a stereotyped increase in the random patterns of motion in rats. The paramedian nuclei on either side of the brain stem have been shown to mediate the horizontal eye movements on their ipsilateral sides. It seems possible that that the random motion patterns of the above rats were caused by an inability to mediate their horizontal eye movements." [Wikipedia:Paramedian_reticular_nucleus]
comment: todo - check
synonym: "nucleus reticularis paramedianus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paramedian_reticular_nucleus]
synonym: "paramedian nucleus reticularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paramedian_reticular_nucleus]
synonym: "ventral paramedian reticular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72583]
xref: ABA:PMR
xref: FMA:72583
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007767
name: dorsal premammillary nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:PMd
xref: FMA:77006
is_a: UBERON:0002712  ! premammillary nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007768

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007768
name: ventral premammillary nucleus
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:PMv
xref: FMA:77007
is_a: UBERON:0002712  ! premammillary nucleus
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007767

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007769
name: medial preoptic region
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial preoptic area" EXACT [ABA:MPO]
xref: ABA:MPO
xref: MA:0000839
is_a: UBERON:0003048  ! regional part of hypothalamus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007771
name: epidermis gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a epidermis." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "epidermal gland" EXACT []
synonym: "gland of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:59153]
xref: FMA:59153
is_a: UBERON:0002419  ! skin gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007774
name: secondary dentition
namespace: uberon
def: "The teeth of adulthood that either replace or are added to the complement of deciduous teeth. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)" [MESH:A14.254.237]
synonym: "adult dentition" RELATED [GAID:1251]
synonym: "dentes permanentes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75152, FMA:TA]
synonym: "permanent dentition" EXACT [GAID:1251]
synonym: "permanent teeth" EXACT [FMA:75152]
synonym: "secondary dentition" RELATED [GAID:1251]
synonym: "set of permanent teeth" EXACT [FMA:75152]
synonym: "set of secondary teeth" EXACT [FMA:75152]
xref: FMA:75152
xref: GAID:1251
xref: MESH:A14.254.237
is_a: UBERON:0003672  ! dentition
relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition
intersection_of: UBERON:0003672  ! dentition
intersection_of: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007775
name: secondary tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "Permanent teeth are the second set of teeth formed in humans[WP]." [Wikipedia:Permanent_teeth]
comment: GAT in FMA
synonym: "dentes permanentes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Permanent_teeth]
synonym: "permanent tooth" EXACT [FMA:55654]
xref: FMA:55654
xref: SCTID:245563006
xref: UMLS:C0348070
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Teeth_by_David_Shankbone.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Permanent_Tooth
is_a: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007774 ! secondary dentition
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007774 ! secondary dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007776
name: unerupted tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "A normal developing tooth which has not yet perforated the oral mucosa or one that fails to erupt in the normal sequence or time interval expected for the type of tooth in a given gender, age, or population group." [MESH:A14.254.860.715]
synonym: "unerupted teeth" RELATED [GAID:1268]
xref: GAID:1268
xref: MESH:A14.254.860.715
is_a: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007779
name: transudate
namespace: uberon
def: "Body substance in liquid state, which is derived from plasma by passage through the (intact) wall of capillaries without further processing by secretory cells or glands." [FMA:12276]
xref: FMA:12276
xref: GAID:1195
xref: MESH:A12.383
xref: ncithesaurus:Transudate
is_a: UBERON:0006314  ! bodily fluid
property_value: has_relational_adjective "transudative" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007780
name: exudate
namespace: uberon
def: "Exudates are fluids, cells, or other cellular substances that are slowly discharged from blood vessels usually from inflamed tissues." [MESH:A12.383]
synonym: "transudates and exudate" RELATED [GAID:1195]
xref: MESH:A12.383
xref: ncithesaurus:Exudate
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007793
name: labyrinthine fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Fluids found within the osseous labyrinth (PERILYMPH) and the membranous labyrinth (ENDOLYMPH) of the inner ear. (From Gray's Anatomy, 30th American ed, p1328, 1332)" [MESH:A12.207.571]
synonym: "labyrinthine fluid" RELATED [MESH:A12.207.571]
xref: GAID:1183
xref: MESH:A12.207.571
is_a: UBERON:0006314  ! bodily fluid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007794
name: serous fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Transudate contained in a serous sac." [FMA:20932]
xref: FMA:20932
is_a: UBERON:0007779  ! transudate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007795
name: ascitic fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "The serous fluid which accumulates in the peritoneal cavity in ascites." [MESH:A12.207.119]
comment: todo - move to pathological anatomical entity ontology
synonym: "ascites" RELATED [BTO:0000091]
synonym: "ascites fluid" RELATED [BTO:0000091]
xref: BTO:0000091
xref: GAID:1175
xref: MESH:A12.207.119
is_a: UBERON:0001268  ! peritoneal fluid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007798
name: vascular system
namespace: uberon
comment: in both MA and BTO, the arterial system and venous sytem are subtypes of the vascular system
xref: BTO:0001085
xref: EHDAA2:0004520
xref: MA:0002718
xref: UMLS:C0489903
xref: ncithesaurus:Vascular_System
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007799
name: mixed dentition
namespace: uberon
def: "The complement of teeth in the jaws after the eruption of some of the permanent teeth but before all the deciduous teeth are absent. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)" [MESH:A14.254.229]
synonym: "transitional dentition" EXACT [GAID:1250]
xref: GAID:1250
xref: MESH:A14.254.229
xref: SCTID:245545006
is_a: UBERON:0003672  ! dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007800
name: proatlas
namespace: uberon
def: "a small, paired bony element (more rarely, having fused parts) located between the skull and the atlas in tuataras, crocodiles, chameleons, and many fossil reptiles; it is uncommon in turtles and mammals (hedgehog). The proatlas apparently develops from the ossified neural part of the sclerotome. Externally it resembles the neural arch of the vertebra, since it articulates anteriorly with the lateral occipital bone and posteriorly with the anterior articular process of the atlas." [http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Proatlas]
comment: Variation notes: sometimes seen in humans as an anomaly.
is_a: UBERON:0002413  ! cervical vertebra
relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007801
name: pygostyle
namespace: uberon
def: "Pygostyle refers to a number of the final few caudal vertebrae fused into a single ossification, supporting the tail feathers and musculature. In modern birds, the rectrices attach to these[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pygostyle]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: SCTID:416894001
xref: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/birdskeleton.gif
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007802
name: uropygial gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A large gland at the base of a bird's tail dorsal to the cloaca at the end of the pygostyle that secretes an oil used in preening.  It opens through a caudally directed nipple." [BTO:0001420, Wikipedia:Uropygial_gland, http://en.wikivet.net]
comment: The gland is found near the base of the tail and is shaped into two symmetric parts. The oil of each part of the gland is secreted through the surface of the skin through a grease nipple-like nub. A bird will typically transfer this oil to its feathers by rubbing its head against the oil and then around the rest of the body. Tailward areas are usually preened utilizing the beak. Not all birds have a uropygial gland. Exceptions include the emu, ostrich, and bustards. These typically find other means to stay clean and dry, such as taking a dust bath
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "oil gland" RELATED [BTO:0001420]
synonym: "preen gland" RELATED []
synonym: "preen oil gland" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001420
xref: SCTID:48626006
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail
relationship: secretes UBERON:0007803 ! preen oil
intersection_of: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0007803 ! preen oil

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007803
name: preen oil
namespace: uberon
comment: The uropygial gland is involved in maintaining feather condition and secretions spread by preening. It serves a waterproofing function. The secretions contain a pro-vitamin D, converted by UV light to active vitamin D. The secretions are also believed to suppress the growth of micro-organisms, serving an anti-bacterial function. [http://en.wikivet.net]
synonym: "preen gland secretion" RELATED []
synonym: "uropygial gland secretion" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0007802 ! uropygial gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007804
name: sclerotic ring
namespace: uberon
def: "Sclerotic rings are rings of bone found in the eyes of several groups of vertebrate animals, except for mammals and crocodilians. They can be made up of single bones or small bones together. They are believed to have a role in supporting the eye, especially in animals whose eyes are not spherical, or which live underwater. Fossil sclerotic rings are known for a variety of extinct animals, including ichthyosaurs, pterosaurs, and dinosaurs, but are often not preserved[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sclerotic_ring]
synonym: "scleral ring" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sclerotic_ring]
is_a: UBERON:0010290  ! scleral ossicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007805
name: synsacrum
namespace: uberon
def: "The synsacrum is a skeletal structure, mainly described in birds and dinosaurs, in which the sacrum is extended by incorporation of additional fused or partially-fused caudal or lumbar vertebrae. The ilium of the pelvis is attached to the synsacrum and, in some species, may also be fused to it. Together with the pelvis this forms a rigid structure which carries the weight of the hind end of the animal. In living and some prehistoric birds, posterior to the synsacrum there are usually only a few free caudal vertebrae, on the end of which lies the pygostyle[WP]. Complex of synostotically fused vertebrae supporting the pelvic girdle. In anurans, the synsacrum is formed by two vertebrae and the urostyle is fused to its posterior end[AAO]." [AAO:Pugener_2002, Wikipedia:Synsacrum]
comment: produced by fusion of last thoracics, all lumbars, all sacrals, & first few caudals;
xref: AAO:0000740
xref: SCTID:67943001
xref: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/birdskeleton.gif
is_a: UBERON:0003828  ! abdominal segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
is_a: UBERON:0005179  ! pelvis organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass portion of (AAO:0010428)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Complex of synostotically fused vertebrae supporting the pelvic girdle. In anurans, the synsacrum is formed by two vertebrae and the urostyle is fused to its posterior end.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007808
name: abdominal adipose tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Adipose tissue located inside the peritoneal cavity, packed in between internal organs and torso. An excess of visceral fat is known as central obesity, or belly fat, the pot belly or beer belly effect, in which the abdomen protrudes excessively." [BTO:0004041]
synonym: "abdominal fat" RELATED [BTO:0004041]
synonym: "intra-abdominal fat" RELATED [BTO:0004041]
synonym: "organ fat" RELATED [BTO:0004041]
synonym: "visceral adipose tissue" RELATED [BTO:0004041]
synonym: "visceral fat" RELATED [BTO:0004041]
xref: BTO:0004041
xref: EFO:0003771
is_a: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0001013  ! adipose tissue
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007809
name: fascia of Camper
namespace: uberon
def: "The superficial layer (fascia of Camper) is a thick superficial layer of the anterior abdominal wall. It is areolar in texture, and contains in its meshes a varying quantity of adipose tissue. It is found superficial to Scarpa's fascia." [Wikipedia:Fascia_of_Camper]
synonym: "Camper's fascia" EXACT [Wikipedia:Fascia_of_Camper]
synonym: "adipose layer of superficial fascia of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922]
synonym: "camper's fascia" EXACT [FMA:19922]
synonym: "fascia investiens intermedia abdominis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19922, FMA:TA]
synonym: "fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922]
synonym: "fatty layer of superficial fascia of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922]
synonym: "intermediate investing fascia of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922]
synonym: "panniculus adiposus abdominis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fascia_of_Camper]
synonym: "panniculus adiposus telae subcutaneae abdominis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19922, FMA:TA]
synonym: "superficial layer of superficial fascia of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922]
xref: FMA:19922
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Gray393.png
is_a: UBERON:0002190  ! subcutaneous adipose tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 ! anterior abdominal wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013488 ! panniculus adiposus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013493 ! abdominal fascia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007811
name: craniocervical region
namespace: uberon
def: "The anteriormost subdivision of the body that includes the head and the neck (if present). In vertebrates this is the subdivision that includes the cervical vertebrae." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "head and neck" EXACT [FMA:280881]
synonym: "head or neck" RELATED []
xref: CALOHA:TS-2356
xref: EV:0100009
xref: FMA:280881
xref: MA:0000006
xref: SCTID:361355005
xref: UMLS:C0460004
xref: WikipediaCategory:Head_and_neck
xref: galen:HeadAndNeck
xref: ncithesaurus:Head_and_Neck
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007812
name: post-anal tail
namespace: uberon
def: "a tail that extends from the posterior tip of the organism to the anus, contains muscle and skeleton." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Taxon notes: present at some time in chordate life history (eg in Urochordates, present only in free-swimming larvae). Function: propellor locomotion (in some species)
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "muscular postanal tail" EXACT []
synonym: "post-anal fin tail" NARROW SENSU [http://purl.oboibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/185]
synonym: "post-vent region" RELATED [TAO:0001117]
synonym: "postanal tail" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010338
xref: EHDAA2:0003109
xref: MA:0000008
xref: TAO:0001117
xref: UMLS:C0039259
xref: XAO:0003026
xref: ZFA:0001117
xref: ncithesaurus:Tail
is_a: UBERON:0002415  ! tail
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002533 ! tail bud
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is the terminal, flexible posterior appendage of the organism.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the vent which includes the anal and caudal fins.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007818
name: major alar cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The greater alar cartilage (lower lateral cartilage) is a thin, flexible plate, situated immediately below the preceding, and bent upon itself in such a manner as to form the medial wall and lateral wall of the naris of its own side. The portion which forms the medial wall (crus mediale) is loosely connected with the corresponding portion of the opposite cartilage, the two forming, together with the thickened integument and subjacent tissue, the septum mobile nasi. The part which forms the lateral wall (crus laterale) is curved to correspond with the ala of the nose; it is oval and flattened, narrow behind, where it is connected with the frontal process of the maxilla by a tough fibrous membrane, in which are found three or four small cartilaginous plates, the lesser alar cartilages (cartilagines alares minores; sesamoid cartilages). Above, it is connected by fibrous tissue to the lateral cartilage and front part of the cartilage of the septum; below, it falls short of the margin of the naris, the ala being completed by fatty and fibrous tissue covered by skin. In front, the greater alar cartilages are separated by a notch which corresponds with the apex of the nose." [Wikipedia:Greater_alar_cartilage]
synonym: "cartilago alaris major" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59504, Wikipedia:Greater_alar_cartilage]
synonym: "greater alar cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59504]
xref: FMA:59504
xref: SCTID:361928006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray852.png
is_a: UBERON:0001823  ! nasal cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007819
name: minor alar cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The part which forms the lateral wall is curved to correspond with the ala of the nose; it is oval and flattened, narrow behind, where it is connected with the frontal process of the maxilla by a tough fibrous membrane, in which are found three or four small cartilaginous plates, the lesser alar cartilages." [Wikipedia:Lesser_alar_cartilages]
synonym: "cartilago alaris minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lesser_alar_cartilages]
synonym: "lesser alar cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59507]
synonym: "lesser alar cartilages" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: FMA:59507
xref: SCTID:368118006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray852.png
is_a: UBERON:0001823  ! nasal cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007820
name: accessory nasal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "small cartilages of the nose connecting the greater alar cartilage and lateral nasal cartilage." [Wikipedia:Accessory_nasal_cartilages]
synonym: "cartilago nasi accessoriae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Accessory_nasal_cartilage]
xref: FMA:59510
xref: SCTID:368124000
is_a: UBERON:0001823  ! nasal cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007821
name: lateral nasal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral cartilage (upper lateral cartilage) is situated below the inferior margin of the nasal bone, and is flattened, and triangular in shape.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_cartilage]
synonym: "cartilago nasi lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_cartilage]
xref: FMA:59511
xref: SCTID:278944009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray852.png
is_a: UBERON:0001823  ! nasal cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007822
name: vomeronasal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The vomeronasal cartilage (or Jacobson's cartilage) is a narrow strip of cartilage, low on the medial wall of the nasal cavity. It lies between the cartilaginous nasal septum and the vomer. The cartilage lies below, but is not connected to, the rudimentary vomeronasal organ of Jacobson[WP]." [Wikipedia:Vomeronasal_cartilage]
synonym: "Huschke's cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59514]
synonym: "Jacobson's cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59514]
synonym: "cartilago vomeronasalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vomeronasal_cartilage]
xref: FMA:59514
xref: SCTID:368123006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Gray51.png
is_a: UBERON:0001823  ! nasal cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007823
name: appendage girdle region
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0007824
def: "An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc)." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
comment: Note that this encompasses non-skeletal tissue
synonym: "fin girdle" RELATED SENSU []
synonym: "fin girdle region" RELATED SENSU []
synonym: "girdle" BROAD []
synonym: "girdle region" BROAD []
synonym: "limb girdle" RELATED SENSU []
synonym: "limb girdle region" RELATED SENSU []
xref: FMA:24874
xref: VSAO:0000303
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004708
property_value: external_definition "An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There are only two instances of appendage girdle regions per organism.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007825
name: reticular membrane of spiral organ
namespace: uberon
synonym: "reticular lamina" BROAD [MA:0001194]
synonym: "reticular lamina of spiral organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "reticular lamina of spiral organ of cochlea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:77849
xref: MA:0001194
is_a: UBERON:0001967  ! reticular lamina
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002227 ! spiral organ of cochlea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007826
name: peritoneal mesentery
namespace: uberon
def: "A double layer composed of peritoneum that attaches the visceral organs to the body wall." [ZFIN:curator]
xref: FMA:20570
xref: TAO:0005129
xref: XAO:0000138
xref: ZFA:0005129
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001178 ! visceral peritoneum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007827
name: external nose
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of face, the exterior of the nose, which consists of a root, dorsum, tip, columella, and right and left alae." [FMA:59515]
synonym: "nose" RELATED []
xref: FMA:59515
xref: SCTID:265785009
xref: UMLS:C0458561
xref: ncithesaurus:External_Nose
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007828
name: girdle bone/zone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a appendage girdle region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "girdle bone" EXACT [MA:0000291]
xref: MA:0000291
is_a: UBERON:0010740  ! bone of appendage girdle complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010719 ! girdle skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007829
name: pectoral girdle bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a pectoral girdle region." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bone of pectoral girdle" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000292
is_a: UBERON:0007828  ! girdle bone/zone
is_a: UBERON:0010741  ! bone of pectoral complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007830
name: pelvic girdle bone/zone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone element or fused bone that is part of pelvic girdle." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: typically the ilium, ischium and pubis. These can alternately be considered individual bones, or zones of a single fused bone. Editor note: check sacrum, coccyx (MA does NOT include these)
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "bone of pelvic girdle" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvic girdle bone" EXACT [MA:0000293]
xref: MA:0000293
xref: SCTID:426214007
xref: UMLS:C0030786
xref: ncithesaurus:Pelvic_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0007828  ! girdle bone/zone
is_a: UBERON:0010742  ! bone of pelvic complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007831
name: pectoral girdle skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of a limb or fin skeleton consisting of bones which connects the upper limb or fin to the axial skeleton on each side. It consists of the clavicle and scapula in humans and, in those species with three bones in the pectoral girdle, the coracoid. Some mammalian species (e.g. the dog and the horse) have only the scapula. In humans, the only joints between the shoulder girdle and axial skeleton are the sternoclavicular joints on each side. No joint exists between each scapula and the rib cage; instead the muscular connection between the two permits relatively great mobility of the shoulder girdle in relation to the pelvic girdle. In those species having only the scapula, no joint exists between the forelimb and the thorax, the only attachment being muscular[WP]. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left pectoral girdle skeletons." [Wikipedia:Pectoral_girdle]
comment: AO notes: Note that the VSAO and many ontologies use the label 'pectoral girdle' to denote the skeletal region specifically.
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "cingulum pectorale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectoral_girdle]
synonym: "pectoral girdle" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0000156]
synonym: "pectoral girdle skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24141]
synonym: "scapular girdle" RELATED [TAO:0000407]
synonym: "skeletal parts of pectoral girdle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "skeleton of pectoral girdle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: AAO:0000422
xref: AAO:0000754
xref: EFO:0000946
xref: EHDAA2:0001420
xref: EMAPA:18025
xref: FMA:24141
xref: MAT:0000181
xref: MIAA:0000181
xref: TAO:0000407
xref: UMLS:C0427245
xref: VHOG:0001156
xref: VSAO:0000156
xref: XAO:0003063
xref: ZFA:0000407
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Pectoral_girdle_front_diagram.svg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Pectoral_girdle_front_diagram.svg/200px-Pectoral_girdle_front_diagram.svg.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Shoulder_Girdle
is_a: UBERON:0010719  ! girdle skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012475 ! skeleton of pectoral complex
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster of paired dermal and endochondral bones that attaches to the dorso-posterior part of the cranium, and support the radials and pectoral fin. It consists of two components: the primary pectoral girdle consisting of the endochondral coracoid, scapula and mesocoracoid bones, and the secondary pectoral girdle consisting of the dermal posttemporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum and poscleithrum(thra) bones.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the forelimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for forelimb/fin and caudal musculature.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal structure immediately behind the head attached to the vertebral column by muscles and supporting the forelimbs.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The pectoral girdle is clearly of dual origin, composed of dermal as well as endochondral bones. The endochondral component, the scapulocoracoid, evolved by fusion or enlargment of several basal fin elements. (...) The dermal component of the shoulder girdle evolved from dermal bones of the body's surface. (...) Like endochondral bones, these dermal bones were passed along to tetrapods (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007832
name: pelvic girdle skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal subdivision consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb zeugopodium and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb and caudal musculature." [VSAO:0000155, Wikipedia:Pelvis]
comment: AO notes: Note that the VSAO and many ontologies use the label 'pelvic girdle' to denote the skeletal region specifically. We place the EHDAA2 class here, note that this includes the pre-cartilage condensation as parts. Editor notes: need to resolve whether this is a paired structure or a single belt (Paired in FMA - implicitly paired in VSAO)
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "pelvic girdle" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0000155]
synonym: "pelvic girdle skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000155]
synonym: "skeletal parts of pelvic girdle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "skeleton of pelvic girdle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: AAO:0000426
xref: AAO:0000768
xref: EFO:0000947
xref: EHDAA2:0001426
xref: EHDAA:7149
xref: EHDAA:8324
xref: EMAPA:18028
xref: FMA:87592
xref: MAT:0000182
xref: MIAA:0000182
xref: TAO:0000565
xref: VHOG:0000305
xref: VSAO:0000155
xref: XAO:0003064
xref: ZFA:0000565
xref: galen:PelvicGirdle
xref: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/pectoralgirdles.gif
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray242.png/200px-Gray242.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010719  ! girdle skeleton
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012476 ! skeleton of pelvic complex
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster by which the hind limbs are supported and attached to the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of the paired basipterygia which support the pelvic fin.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb/fin and caudal musculature.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributions of dermal bone. From its first appearance in placoderms, the pelvic girdle is exclusively endoskeletal. It arose from pterygiophores, perhaps several times, in support of the fin.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007833
name: osseus semicircular canal
namespace: uberon
comment: consider adding FMA:60186
synonym: "osseous semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000250
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0006585  ! vestibular organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007834
name: lumbar spinal cord ventral commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a lumbar spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lumbar spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1326]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1326
is_a: UBERON:0004170  ! spinal cord ventral commissure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0004170  ! spinal cord ventral commissure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007835
name: sacral spinal cord ventral commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a sacral spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sacral spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1528]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1528
is_a: UBERON:0004170  ! spinal cord ventral commissure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0004170  ! spinal cord ventral commissure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007836
name: cervical spinal cord ventral commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a cervical spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cervical spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1552]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1552
is_a: UBERON:0004170  ! spinal cord ventral commissure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0004170  ! spinal cord ventral commissure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007837
name: thoracic spinal cord ventral commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a thoracic spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "thoracic spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1556]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1556
is_a: UBERON:0004170  ! spinal cord ventral commissure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0004170  ! spinal cord ventral commissure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007838
name: spinal cord white commissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77033]
xref: FMA:77033
xref: SCTID:423957000
is_a: UBERON:0008882  ! spinal cord commissure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007840
name: spinal cord dorsal white commissure
namespace: uberon
synonym: "commissura alba posterior medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77034, FMA:TA]
synonym: "dorsal white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77034]
synonym: "posterior white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77034]
xref: FMA:77034
xref: SCTID:424400007
is_a: UBERON:0007838  ! spinal cord white commissure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007841
name: furcula
namespace: uberon
def: "Dermal bone that develops from the fusion of the paired clavicle condensations in Archosauria. Serves as both an attachment site for pectoral musculature as well as a mechanical strengthening/ spacing element in the pectoral girdle. [PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Furcula]
comment: Comment: Found in both avian and non-avian theropods including, but not limited to: Coelophysoids, Allosauroids, Spinosauridae, Tyrannosauroids, Oviraptorosauria, Troodontidae and Dromaeosauridae. Editor notes: currently assigned to be part of the pectoral girdle, but this may be incorrect if PG is a paired structure.
synonym: "furcula bone" EXACT []
synonym: "fused clavicle" RELATED []
synonym: "wishbone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Furcula]
is_a: UBERON:0007829  ! pectoral girdle bone
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0008255 ! right clavicle
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0008256 ! left clavicle
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0011655 ! interclavicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007842
name: membrane bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification." [GO_REF:0000034, PSPUB:0000170]
xref: AEO:0000085
xref: EHDAA2:0003085
xref: TAO:0001645
xref: VSAO:0000023
xref: XAO:0004014
xref: ZFA:0001636
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
property_value: external_definition "Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Intramembranous bone that forms deep in the organism.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007843
name: uncinate process of ribs
namespace: uberon
def: "A posterior projection from proximal rib segments. Offers attachment sites for respiratory and shoulder muscles as well as adding structural support to the trunk skeleton[Kardong 2012]." [ISBN10:0073040584, PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Uncinate_processes_of_ribs]
comment: WP: Although bony uncinate processes are unique to birds, cartilaginous uncinate processes are present in crocodiles. The uncinate process has also been reported in Sphenodon, Caudipteryx, oviraptorids, Confuciusornis and Chaoyangia however it does not occur in Archaeopteryx
synonym: "uncinate process" BROAD INCONSISTENT [AAO:0000741]
xref: AAO:0000741
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 ! proximal segment of rib
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010372  ! uncinate process of ethmoid
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010373  ! uncinate process of pancreas
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8827
property_value: external_definition "Posteriorly directed process (occasionally directed anteriorly) usually associated with the rib (sometimes with the transverse process) of the third vertebra; they provide the origin of the mm serratus superior, medius, and inferior.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007844
name: cartilage element
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient." [VSAO:curator]
comment: AO notes: TAO still mixes tissue and element
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "cartilage" RELATED [VSAO:0000000]
synonym: "cartilage organ" EXACT [FMA:55107]
synonym: "cartilaginous element" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "chondrogenic element" EXACT [VSAO:0000000]
xref: AAO:0011130
xref: FMA:55107
xref: VSAO:0000000
xref: XAO:0004013
xref: ZFA:0001501
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007845
name: regular connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Connective tissue, which consists of fibroblasts, the intercellular matrix of which contains a regular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: bone (tissue), cartilage (tissue), dense regular connective tissue." [FMA:20103]
comment: Editor notes: the connective tissue hierarchy largely follows FMA with definitions from VSAO. Note that in FMA, loose-CT is irregular-CT. This means regular-CT is necessarily equivalent to dense-regular-CT (assuming a JEPD classification).
xref: FMA:20103
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011821  ! irregular connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007846
name: dense regular connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts)[VSAO]" [VSAO:0000050, Wikipedia:Dense_regular_connective_tissue]
synonym: "dense fibrous connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:64781]
synonym: "dense regular collagenous connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:64781]
synonym: "dense regular collagenous tissue" EXACT [FMA:64781]
synonym: "regular dense connective tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "typus regularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus)" EXACT [FMA:64781]
xref: FMA:64781
xref: SCTID:22560007
xref: UMLS:C0225333
xref: VSAO:0000050
xref: XAO:0004030
xref: ncithesaurus:Regular_Dense_Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007845  ! regular connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0011823  ! dense connective tissue
property_value: external_definition "Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts).[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Regular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which consists predominantly of collagen fiber bundles arranged in parallel arrays.[FMA]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007862
name: perichordal tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the notochord; includes a layer of elastin." [VSAO:curator]
comment: Derived from cells surrounding the notochord (possibly the slerotome). Disparate from (not derived from) notochord.
synonym: "notochord" RELATED [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "perichordal connective tissue" EXACT [ZFA:0001633]
synonym: "perichordal sheath" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "perichordal sheath tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "perichordal tube" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
xref: AAO:0000737
xref: AAO:0010446
xref: TAO:0001642
xref: VSAO:0000054
xref: XAO:0004050
xref: ZFA:0001633
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002328 ! notochord
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of notochord (VSAO:0000032) CHANGED TO: surrounds notochord (UBERON:0002328)[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Portion of connective tissue which surrounds the notochord.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007914
name: head or neck bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a craniocervical region." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000569
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007958
name: central carpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A small bone occasionally found at the dorsal aspect of the wrist between the scaphoid, capitate, and trapezoid; it is developed as an independent cartilage in early foetal life but usually becomes fused with the scaphoid; it occurs normally in most monkeys." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=63518]
synonym: "central bone" BROAD [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=63518]
synonym: "central carpals" EXACT []
synonym: "centrale" BROAD [MA:0001344]
synonym: "os carpi centrale" RELATED [http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8251/1/8251.pdf]
synonym: "os centrale" BROAD []
synonym: "os centrale carpi" RELATED []
xref: MA:0001344
xref: SCTID:26987000
is_a: UBERON:0001435  ! carpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0012131  ! centrale

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007959
name: falciform carpal bone
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check relationship to radial sesamoid
synonym: "os falciform" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "os falciforme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: MA:0001345
is_a: UBERON:0001435  ! carpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007960
name: scapholunate
namespace: uberon
def: "The combined scaphoid and lunate bones." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Taxon notes: present in mouse[based on MA], carnivora[Websters] and macropods[WP].
synonym: "intermedioradial carpal bone" RELATED [MA:0001346]
synonym: "scapholunate bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "scapholunatum" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: MA:0001346
is_a: UBERON:0001480  ! proximal carpal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001427 ! scaphoid
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001428 ! lunate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007990
name: proximal sesamoid bone of pes
namespace: uberon
synonym: "proximal sesamoid bone of foot" EXACT [MA:0001376]
xref: MA:0001376
is_a: UBERON:0004248  ! pedal digit bone
is_a: UBERON:0008000  ! sesamoid bone of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007991
name: proximal sesamoid bone of manus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "proximal sesamoid bone of hand" EXACT [MA:0001377]
xref: MA:0001377
is_a: UBERON:0004249  ! manual digit bone
is_a: UBERON:0007997  ! sesamoid bone of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007993
name: ulnar sesamoid bone
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: compare with pisiform
synonym: "ulnar sesamoid" EXACT []
xref: MA:0001379
is_a: UBERON:0001479  ! sesamoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0007997
name: sesamoid bone of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A sesamoid bone that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sesamoid bone of hand" EXACT [FMA:42353]
xref: FMA:42353
xref: SCTID:368448000
is_a: UBERON:0001479  ! sesamoid bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011141  ! appendicular ossicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001479  ! sesamoid bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008000
name: sesamoid bone of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A sesamoid bone that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sesamoid bone of foot" EXACT [FMA:45096]
xref: FMA:45096
xref: SCTID:244675002
is_a: UBERON:0001479  ! sesamoid bone
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011141  ! appendicular ossicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001479  ! sesamoid bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008001
name: irregular bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The irregular bones are bones which, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long bone, short bone, flat bone or sesamoid bone. Irregular bones serve various purposes in the body, such as protection of nervous tissue, affording multiple anchor points for skeletal muscle attachment (as with the sacrum), and maintaining pharynx and trachea support, and tongue attachment (such as the hyoid bone). They consist of cancellous tissue enclosed within a thin layer of compact bone. The irregular bones are: the vertebrC&, sacrum, coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid." [Wikipedia:Irregular_bone]
synonym: "os irregulare" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Irregular_bone]
xref: FMA:7477
xref: SCTID:421560006
xref: UMLS:C0502414
xref: ncithesaurus:Irregular_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008114
name: joint of girdle
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that is part of a appendage girdle region." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "girdle joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001505
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0007828 ! girdle bone/zone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008115
name: surface of cartilage
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cartilage surface" EXACT [FMA:76668]
xref: FMA:76668
is_a: UBERON:0006984  ! anatomical surface

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008124
name: joint articular surface
namespace: uberon
comment: note that FMA has multiple \"Articular surface of X\" classes, with no way to group them
xref: MA:0001518
is_a: UBERON:0008115  ! surface of cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008187
name: hypertrophic cartilage zone
namespace: uberon
comment: see also VSAO:0000098
xref: MA:0002849
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004763 ! endochondral bone tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008193
name: pneumatized bone
namespace: uberon
def: "a bone that is hollow or contains many air cells, such as the mastoid process of the temporal bone[TMD]. Skeletal pneumaticity is the presence of air spaces within bones. Skeletal pneumaticity exists only in synapsids and archosaurs. It is generally produced during development by excavation of bone by pneumatic diverticula (air sacs) from an air-filled space such as the lungs or nasal cavity. Pneumatization is highly variable between individuals, and bones not normally pneumatized can become pneumatized in pathological development. Pneumatization occurs in the skulls of mammals, crocodilians and birds among extant groups, as well as extinct archosaurs including the dinosaurs and pterosaurs. Pneumatic spaces include the paranasal sinuses and some of the mastoid cells[WP]." [Wikipedia:Skeletal_pneumaticity, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=11303]
comment: editor note: subclasses of this should be checked for taxonomic consistency
synonym: "hollow bone" RELATED []
synonym: "os pneumaticum" EXACT [FMA:7478]
synonym: "pneumatic bone" EXACT [FMA:7478]
xref: FMA:7478
xref: SCTID:333008005
xref: galen:PneumaticBone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
relationship: has_part UBERON:0010528 ! pneumatic cavity of bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0010528 ! pneumatic cavity of bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008194
name: tibiotarsus
namespace: uberon
def: "The tibiotarsus is the large bone between the femur and the tarsometatarsus in the leg of a bird. It is the fusion of the proximal part of the tarsus with the tibia. A similar structure also occurred in the Mesozoic Heterodontosauridae. These small ornithischian dinosaurs were unrelated to birds and the similarity of their pes bones is best explained by convergent evolution." [Wikipedia:Tibiotarsus]
is_a: UBERON:0003464  ! hindlimb bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010902 ! tibiotarsus cartilaginous condensation
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008195
name: tarsometatarsus
namespace: uberon
def: "The tarsometatarsus is a bone that is found in the lower leg of certain tetrapods, namely birds. It is formed from the fusion of several bones found in other types of animals, and homologous to the mammalian tarsal (ankle) and metatarsal (pes) bones. Despite this, the tarsometatarsus of birds is often referred to as just the tarsus or metatarsus." [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsus]
comment: Taxon notes: found in birds[VSAO]
is_a: UBERON:0005899  ! pes bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010900 ! tarsometatarsus cartilaginous condensation
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008196
name: muscle of pectoral girdle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a pectoral girdle region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of shoulder girdle" EXACT [FMA:37347]
synonym: "pectoral girdle muscle" EXACT [FMA:37347]
xref: FMA:37347
is_a: UBERON:0010891  ! pectoral complex muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004471 ! musculature of pectoral girdle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008198
name: nail plate
namespace: uberon
def: "The nail plate is the hard and translucent portion of the nail, composed of keratin." [Wikipedia:Nail_plate, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/20, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3307500&group_id=36855&atid=440764]
comment: AO Notes: in FMA, the nail is the nail plate
synonym: "lamina unguis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nail_plate]
xref: MA:0002708
xref: SCTID:372177002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Fingernail_label.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Nail_Plate
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008199
name: chin
namespace: uberon
def: "Surface structure that is the anteriormost part of the lower jaw region. In humans, the chin is the lowermost part of the face. It is formed by the lower front of the mandible. People show a wide variety of chin structures. See Cleft chin. The chin developed as a point of muscular attachment facilitating minute movements of the lips associated with speech. In human evolution, the chin is a cladistic apomorphy, partially defining anatomically modern Humans as distinct from archaic forms." [TAO:0002254, Wikipedia:Chin]
synonym: "chins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chin]
synonym: "mental part of face" EXACT [FMA:46495]
synonym: "mental region" EXACT [FMA:46495]
synonym: "mental region of face" EXACT [FMA:46495]
synonym: "mentum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Chin]
synonym: "regio mentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46495, FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:46495
xref: GAID:67
xref: MESH:A01.456.505.259
xref: SCTID:362632004
xref: TAO:0002254
xref: galen:Chin
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray1195.png
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is the anteriormost region of the lower jaw.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mental" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008200
name: forehead
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the face above the eyes[MESH]. In human anatomy, the forehead is the fore part of the head. It is, formally, an area of the head bounded by three features, two of the skull and one of the scalp. The top of the forehead is marked by the hairline, the edge of the area where hair on the scalp grows. The bottom of the forehead is marked by the supraorbital ridge, the bone feature of the skull above the eyes. The two sides of the forehead are marked by the temporal ridge, a bone feature that links the supraorbital ridge to the coronal suture line and beyond[WP]." [MESH:A01.456.505.580, Wikipedia:Forehead]
synonym: "fore head" RELATED [Wikipedia:Forehead]
synonym: "sinciput" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Forehead]
xref: FMA:63864
xref: GAID:74
xref: MESH:A01.456.505.580
xref: SCTID:362614004
xref: UMLS:C0016540
xref: galen:Forehead
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Forhead_01_ies.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Forehead
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008201
name: scute
namespace: uberon
def: "A bony external plate or scale, as on the shell of a turtle, the skin of crocodilians, the feet of some birds. Scutes are similar to scales and serve the same function. Unlike the scales of fish and snakes, which are formed from the epidermis, scutes are formed in the lower vascular layer of the skin and the epidermal element is only the top surface. Forming in the living dermis, the scutes produce a horny outer layer, that is superficially similar to that of scales. Scutes will usually not overlap as snake scales (but see the pangolin). The outer keratin layer is shed piecemeal, and not in one continuous layer of skin as seen in snakes or lizards. The dermal base may contain bone and produce dermal armour. Scutes with a bony base are properly called osteoderms. Dermal scutes are also found in the feet of birds and tails of some mammals, and are believed to be the primitive form of dermal armour in reptiles. The term is also used to describe the heavy armour of the armadillo and the extinct glyptodon, and is occasionally used as an alternative to scales in describing snakes or certain fishes, such as sturgeons[WP]." [Wikipedia:Scute]
comment: Currently being reviewed by PHENOSCAPE:ad
synonym: "osteoderm" NARROW [Wikipedia:Scute]
synonym: "scuta" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Scute]
synonym: "scutae" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Scute]
synonym: "scutum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Scute]
xref: SCTID:17148007
is_a: UBERON:0007381  ! epidermal scale

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008202
name: bone of hip region
namespace: uberon
comment: in MA, this includes the femur. i.e. pelvic girdle bone or femur; note that this makes the ilium etc in MA hindlimb bones. in MA this is a hindlimb bone
xref: MA:0000655
xref: SCTID:304907005
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001464 ! hip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008203
name: pelvic cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "The pelvic cavity is a body cavity that is bounded by the bones of the pelvis and which primarily contains reproductive organs, the urinary bladder, and the rectum. The pelvis is a marvel of physiology and is deceptively complex. It contains the lower urinary tract, reproductive system, lower digestive tract, major arteries and veins, muscle systems, nerve systems and bone systems. They all have to work together in a little crowded \"house\". It can be affected by many different diseases and by many drugs in many different ways. One part may impact upon another, for example constipation may overload the rectum and compress the urinary bladder, or childbirth might damage the pudendal nerves and later lead to anal weakness." [Wikipedia:Pelvic_cavity]
synonym: "cavitas pelvis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pelvic_cavity]
synonym: "space of pelvic compartment" EXACT [FMA:9738]
xref: FMA:9738
xref: SCTID:281903009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003684 ! abdominal cavity
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008229
name: craniocervical region musculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A musculature that is part of a craniocervical region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head or neck muscle" EXACT [MA:0000571]
xref: MA:0000571
is_a: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008230
name: tibialis
namespace: uberon
def: "Either of two muscles of the calf of the leg." [Fast_Health_Medical_Dictionary:http://www.fasthealth.com/dictionary/]
synonym: "tibialis muscle" EXACT [MA:0002425]
xref: BTO:0000864
xref: MA:0002425
xref: UMLS:C1710422
xref: ncithesaurus:Tibialis
is_a: UBERON:0000366  ! flexor muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004256  ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008231
name: dorsal thoracic segment of trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of thorax, which in humans is the posterior part of the thorax and is demarcated from the chest by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage and the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column; together with the chest, it constitutes the thorax." [FMA:24217]
synonym: "back of thorax" RELATED [FMA:24217]
synonym: "dorsum of thorax" EXACT [FMA:24217]
synonym: "posterior part of thorax" EXACT [FMA:24217]
synonym: "thoracic back" EXACT [FMA:24217]
synonym: "thoracic part of back" EXACT [FMA:24217]
synonym: "upper back" EXACT [MA:0000028]
xref: FMA:24217
xref: MA:0000028
xref: SCTID:362666008
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011270 ! dorsal trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008242
name: lower back muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle of back that is part of a lower back." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000502
xref: SCTID:317178000
is_a: UBERON:0002324  ! muscle of back
is_a: UBERON:0003833  ! abdominal segment muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back
intersection_of: UBERON:0002324  ! muscle of back
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008243
name: upper back muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle of back that is part of a dorsal thoracic segment of trunk." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000508
xref: SCTID:305071003
is_a: UBERON:0002324  ! muscle of back
is_a: UBERON:0003830  ! thoracic segment muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0002324  ! muscle of back
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008245
name: pennate muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A pennate muscle (also called a penniform muscle) is a muscle with fascicles that attach obliquely (in a slanting position) to its tendon. These types of muscles generally allow better stabilization and force production but less flexibility. Individual muscle fibers are formed into bundles of fasciculi and these bundles of fasciculi are formed into bundles of fascicles which compose the entire muscle itself. In a pennate muscle, the fascicles will form an angle with its central tendon. If all the fascicles are on the same side of the tendon, the pennate muscle is called unipennate. Examples of this include certain muscles in the manus. If there are fascicles on both sides of the central tendon, the pennate muscle is called bipennate. The rectus femoris, a large muscle in the quadriceps, is typical. If the central tendon branches within a pennate muscle, the muscle is called multipennate, as seen in the deltoid muscle in the shoulder." [Wikipedia:Pennate_muscle]
comment: note the FMA class does not denote a muscle organ. todo: add child classes
xref: FMA:74993
xref: Wikipedia:Pennate_muscle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Rectus_femoris.png
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002463 ! hamstring muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008255
name: right clavicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A clavicle that is in the right side of a entire appendicular skeleton." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13322
is_a: UBERON:0001105  ! clavicle
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001105  ! clavicle
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008256
name: left clavicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A clavicle that is in the left side of a entire appendicular skeleton." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13323
is_a: UBERON:0001105  ! clavicle
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001105  ! clavicle
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008257
name: radial sesamoid
namespace: uberon
def: "In the giant panda, a large digitlike preaxial element that articulates with the scapholunatum and the medial border of the first metacarpal." [ISBN-10:0226313379]
synonym: "os sesamoideum radiale" EXACT [ISBN-10:0226313379]
is_a: UBERON:0007997  ! sesamoid bone of manus
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0007960 ! scapholunate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton
relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008260
name: spine appendage
namespace: uberon
def: "a hard, thorny or needle-like structure which occurs on various animals. Animals such as porcupines and sea urchins grow spines as a self-defense mechanism. Spines are often formed of keratin. Other animals with spines are hedgehogs, spiny mice and at least two ornithischian dinosaurs." [Wikipedia:Spine_(zoology)]
comment: May be reclassified depending on CARO treatment of appendage
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "spine" BROAD []
synonym: "spiny appendage" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000026  ! appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008266
name: periodontal ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the root of a tooth, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone. It extends from the base of the gingival mucosa to the fundus of the bony socket, and its main function is to hold the tooth in its socket[BTO]." [BTO:0001020, Wikipedia:Periodontal_fiber, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/21]
comment: AO notes: FMA treats periodontium and periodontal ligament as the same; it has a separate class desmodentium, which we place here even though it is classified as fetal in FMA
synonym: "PDL" RELATED [Wikipedia:Periodontal_ligament]
synonym: "alveolar periosteum" RELATED [BTO:0001020]
synonym: "alveolodental ligament" RELATED [BTO:0001020]
synonym: "alveolodental membrane" RELATED [BTO:0001020]
synonym: "desmodontium" RELATED [BTO:0001020, http://www.drugs.com/dict/desmodentium.html]
synonym: "fibra periodontalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Periodontal_ligament]
synonym: "odontoperiosteum" RELATED [BTO:0001020]
synonym: "paradentium" RELATED [BTO:0001020]
synonym: "peridental membrane" RELATED [BTO:0001020]
synonym: "peridontal fiber" RELATED [http://www.drugs.com/dict/desmodentium.html]
synonym: "peridontal fibre" RELATED [http://www.drugs.com/dict/desmodentium.html]
synonym: "peridontal ligament" RELATED []
synonym: "peridontal ligament fiber" RELATED [http://www.drugs.com/dict/desmodentium.html]
synonym: "peridontal ligament fibre" RELATED [http://www.drugs.com/dict/desmodentium.html]
synonym: "peridontal membrane" RELATED [BTO:0001020]
synonym: "peridontium" RELATED [BTO:0001020]
synonym: "periodontal fiber" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Periodontal_ligament]
synonym: "periodontal fibre" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Periodontal_ligament]
xref: BTO:0001020
xref: FMA:76870
xref: GAID:1259
xref: MA:0002467
xref: SCTID:245775004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/The_Periodontium.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008969 ! dental follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001758 ! periodontium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001758 ! periodontium
property_value: external_definition "The collagen fibers, running from the cementum to the alveolar bone, that suspend a tooth in its socket; they include apical, oblique, horizontal, and alveolar crest fibers, indicating that the orientation of the fibers varies at different levels[http://www.drugs.com/dict/desmodentium.html]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the root of a tooth, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone. It extends from the base of the gingival mucosa to the fundus of the bony socket, and its main function is to hold the tooth in its socket[BTO]. It consist of cells, extracellular compartment of fibers. The cells are fibroblast, epithelial, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, bone and cementum cells. The extracellular compartment consists of collagen fibers bundles embedded in ground substance. The PDL substance has been estimated to be 70% water and is thought to have a significant effect on the tooth's ability to withstand stress loads[WP][BTO:0001020, Wikipedia:Periodontal_fiber, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/21]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008267
name: left supracardinal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The left thoracic supracardinal vein loses its connection with the left posterior cardinal veins and left sinus horn and subsequently drains into the right supracardinal system." [ISBN-10:0443065837]
xref: SCTID:361449001
is_a: UBERON:0006300  ! supracardinal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008268
name: right supracardinal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The right supracardinal vein loses its connection with the posterior cardinal vein and makes a new anastomosis with the segments of the superior vena cava derived from the anterior cardinal vein, becoming the azygos vein." [ISBN-10:0443065837]
xref: EHDAA2:0004539
xref: SCTID:361450001
is_a: UBERON:0006300  ! supracardinal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008277
name: cnida
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cnidae" EXACT PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0000470  ! cell part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008278
name: nematocyst
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the stinging organelles of coelenterates used in catching prey." [BTO:0000918]
xref: BTO:0000918
is_a: UBERON:0008277  ! cnida

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008279
name: spirocyst
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0008277  ! cnida

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008280
name: cnidarian venom
namespace: uberon
def: "Venoms from jellyfish, corals, SEA ANEMONES, etc. They contain hemo-, cardio-, dermo- , and neurotoxic substances and probably ENZYMES. They include palytoxin, sarcophine, and anthopleurine." [MESH:D24.185.926.580.230]
synonym: "chironex venom" RELATED [MESH:D24.185.926.580.230]
synonym: "cnidarian venom" RELATED [MESH:D24.185.926.580.230]
synonym: "jellyfish venom" RELATED [MESH:D24.185.926.580.230]
synonym: "portuguese man of war venom" RELATED [MESH:D24.185.926.580.230]
synonym: "portuguese man-of-war venom" RELATED [MESH:D24.185.926.580.230]
synonym: "sea anemone venom" RELATED [MESH:D24.185.926.580.230]
xref: MESH:D24.185.926.580.230
is_a: UBERON:0007113  ! venom

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008281
name: tooth bud
namespace: uberon
def: "A knoblike tooth primordium developing into an enamel organ surrounded by a dental sac and encasing the odontogenic papilla." [BTO:0001838]
synonym: "tooth germ" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tooth_development]
xref: BTO:0001838
xref: MESH:A14.254.900.720
xref: SCTID:53301001
xref: UMLS:C0040442
xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth_Bud
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005087 ! tooth placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008286
name: feather calamus
namespace: uberon
def: "The hollow basal portion of a feather below the vane[BTO]. At the base of the feather, the rachis expands to form the hollow tubular calamus (or quill) which inserts into a follicle in the skin. The basal part of the calamus is without vanes. This part is embedded within the skin follicle and has an opening at the base (proximal umbilicus) and a small opening on the side (distal umbilicus)[WP]." [BTO:0001608]
synonym: "calamus" BROAD []
synonym: "feather quill" RELATED [BTO:0001608]
synonym: "quill" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001608
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008287
name: feather vane
namespace: uberon
def: "Collection of feather barbs that branch from rachis" []
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0008288 ! feather rachis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008292 ! vaned feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008288
name: feather rachis
namespace: uberon
def: "A central shaft of feather, with two vanes either side." []
synonym: "feather shaft" RELATED []
synonym: "main shaft of feather" RELATED []
synonym: "rachis" BROAD []
synonym: "rachis of feather" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0011784  ! feather shaft
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008290
name: afterfeather
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008291
name: down feather
namespace: uberon
def: "A feather lacking a vane and having a rudimentary rachis and a tuft of non-interlocked barbs with elongated barbules extending from the calamus" [Wikipedia:Down_feather, http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
comment: lacks vane
synonym: "downy feather" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "plumaceous feather" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "plumulaceous feather" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
is_a: UBERON:0000022  ! feather
disjoint_from: UBERON:0008292  ! vaned feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008292
name: vaned feather
namespace: uberon
def: "A feather that has_part a feather vane." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000022  ! feather
relationship: has_part UBERON:0008287 ! feather vane
intersection_of: UBERON:0000022  ! feather
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0008287 ! feather vane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008293
name: filoplume feather
namespace: uberon
def: "A hairlike feather that grows alongside the down feathers." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filoplume#Classification]
comment: Taxon notes:  In some passerines, filoplumes arise exposed beyond the contour feathers on the neck
synonym: "filoplume" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000022  ! feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008294
name: feather barb
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a series of branches fused to the rachis (stem) of a feather. The barbs themselves also have branches called barbules, which have hooks that lock the barbs together[WP]." [Wikipedia:Barb_(feather)]
synonym: "barb" BROAD SENSU []
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008295
name: feather barbule
namespace: uberon
def: "Projection from feather bard." []
synonym: "barbule" BROAD SENSU []
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0008294 ! feather barb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008296
name: femoral muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Origin: anterior and lateral surfaces of femur; insertion: patella, common tendon of quadriceps femoris; innervation: femoral; action, extends leg." [BTO:0002542]
comment: todo - logical definition
synonym: "crureus" RELATED [BTO:0002542]
synonym: "intermediate great muscle" RELATED [BTO:0002542]
synonym: "intermediate vastus muscle" RELATED [BTO:0002542]
synonym: "musculus vastus intermedius" RELATED [BTO:0002542]
xref: BTO:0002542
is_a: UBERON:0001383  ! muscle of leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008297
name: pennaceous feather
namespace: uberon
def: "Pennaceous feathers are also known as contour feathers. This type of feather is present in most modern birds, and has been shown in some species of maniraptoran dinosaurs. Pennaceous feathers have a central shaft (or rachis) with vanes spreading to either side. These vanes are composed of a high number of flattened barbs, that are connected to one another with barbules. The barbules are tiny strands that criss-cross on the flattened side s of the barbs. This forms a kind of miniature velcro-like mesh that holds all the barbs together, stabilizing the vanes. Flight feathers (remiges and rectrices) are specialized types of pennaceous feathers, adapted for high loadings and often strongly asymmetric for improved flight performance[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pennaceous_feather]
synonym: "contour feather" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pennaceous_feather]
synonym: "pennaceous" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pennaceous_feather]
is_a: UBERON:0008292  ! vaned feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008304
name: inner chondrogenic layer of perichondrium
namespace: uberon
def: "The perichondrium consists of two separate layers: an outer fibrous layer and inner chondrogenic layer. The chondrogenic layer remains undifferentiated and can form chondroblasts or chondrocytes." [Wikipedia:The_Free_Encyclopedia]
xref: BTO:0005090
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002222 ! perichondrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008305
name: outer fibrous layer of perichondrium
namespace: uberon
def: "The perichondrium consists of two separate layers: an outer fibrous layer and inner chondrogenic layer. The fibrous layer contains fibroblasts, which produce collagenous fibers." [Wikipedia:The_Free_Encyclopedia]
xref: BTO:0005091
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002222 ! perichondrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008307
name: heart endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a heart." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004293
is_a: UBERON:0004852  ! cardiovascular system endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008310
name: nasopharyngeal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that is part of a nasopharynx." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: FMA:55076
xref: SCTID:178973008
is_a: UBERON:0003295  ! pharyngeal gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008320
name: common penile artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The artery that serves blood to the penis. It subdivides into three arteries, the bulbourethral artery, the dorsal artery of the penis and the cavernosal artery." [Wikipedia:Penile_artery]
comment: todo - split generic structure from arterial tree
synonym: "artery of penis" RELATED [FMA:66318]
synonym: "penile artery" RELATED [BTO:0005085]
xref: BTO:0005085
xref: FMA:66318
xref: SCTID:282044005
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0004803  ! penis epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008324
name: erectile tissue
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008332
name: hilum of neuraxis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "neuraxis hilum" EXACT [FMA:83871]
xref: FMA:83871
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008333
name: hilum of inferior olivary complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The white core of the inferior olivary nucleus of the medulla oblongata, most prominent medially." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource]
synonym: "hilum nuclei olivaris caudalis" RELATED [BTO:0002300]
synonym: "hilum nuclei olivaris inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "hilum of caudal olivary nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002300]
synonym: "hilum of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [BTO:0002300, FMA:72612]
synonym: "inferior olivary hilum" EXACT [FMA:72612]
synonym: "inferior olive hilum" EXACT [FMA:72612]
xref: BTO:0002300
xref: FMA:72612
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
is_a: UBERON:0008332  ! hilum of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008337
name: inguinal part of abdomen
namespace: uberon
def: "The external junctural region between the lower part of the abdomen and the thigh." [MESH:A01.047.365]
comment: galen treats inguinal region and groin as distinct
synonym: "groin" EXACT [FMA:24040]
synonym: "iliac fossa viewed surgically" EXACT [FMA:24040]
synonym: "iliac region" EXACT [BTO:0003358, FMA:24040]
synonym: "inguen" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0003358, FMA:TA]
synonym: "inguinal region" EXACT [BTO:0003358, FMA:24040]
xref: BTO:0003358
xref: EFO:0001397
xref: FMA:24040
xref: GAID:27
xref: MESH:A01.047.365
xref: SCTID:243962005
xref: UMLS:C0018246
xref: galen:InguinalRegion
xref: ncithesaurus:Inguinal_Region
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008338
name: plantar part of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "The sole is the bottom of the foot. In humans is the sole of the foot anatomically referred to as the plantar aspect. The equivalent surface in ungulates is the hoof." [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29]
synonym: "pelma" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29]
synonym: "planta" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29]
synonym: "plantar part of foot" EXACT [FMA:25000]
synonym: "plantar region" EXACT [FMA:25000]
synonym: "regio plantaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "sole" EXACT [FMA:25000]
synonym: "sole of foot" EXACT [FMA:25000, Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29]
synonym: "sole of the foot" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29]
synonym: "soles of the feet" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29]
xref: BTO:0005078
xref: FMA:25000
xref: SCTID:57999000
xref: UMLS:C0230463
xref: galen:SoleOfFoot
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Soles2.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Plantar_Region
is_a: UBERON:0005445  ! segment of pes
is_a: UBERON:0008837  ! palmar/plantar part of autopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008339
name: microvascular endothelium
namespace: uberon
xref: BTO:0003122
is_a: UBERON:0004852  ! cardiovascular system endothelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008340
name: nasal bridge
namespace: uberon
def: "A saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose. It lies between the glabella and the inferior boundary of the nasal bone, and extends laterally to the inner canth[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_bridge, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.32600/full]
xref: MA:0002874
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006333 ! snout

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008341
name: columella nasi
namespace: uberon
def: "the tissue that links the nasal tip to the nasal base, and separates the nares. It is the inferior margin of the nasal septum[EoM]." [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.32600/full]
synonym: "columella" RELATED [FMA:59725]
xref: FMA:59725
xref: SCTID:361930008
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007827 ! external nose

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008342
name: intestinal villus of duodenum
namespace: uberon
def: "An intestinal villus in the duodenum." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:63300
is_a: UBERON:0001213  ! intestinal villus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000320 ! duodenal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001213  ! intestinal villus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008343
name: intestinal villus of jejunum
namespace: uberon
def: "An intestinal villus in the jejunum." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:63301
is_a: UBERON:0001213  ! intestinal villus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000399 ! jejunal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001213  ! intestinal villus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008344
name: intestinal villus of ileum
namespace: uberon
def: "An intestinal villus in the ileum." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:63302
is_a: UBERON:0001213  ! intestinal villus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000331 ! ileal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001213  ! intestinal villus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008345
name: ileal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a ileum." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of ileum" EXACT [FMA:17233]
xref: FMA:17233
xref: SCTID:47046000
is_a: UBERON:0013636  ! epithelium of intestinal villus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008344 ! intestinal villus of ileum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008346
name: duodenal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a duodenum." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epithelium of duodenum" EXACT [FMA:17231]
xref: FMA:17231
xref: SCTID:66036002
is_a: UBERON:0013636  ! epithelium of intestinal villus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008342 ! intestinal villus of duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008367
name: breast epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a breast." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0001428
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000310 ! breast
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000310 ! breast

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008397
name: tracheobronchial epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium pertaining to the trachea and bronchi." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckMedicus]
synonym: "bronchotracheal epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0002925]
xref: BTO:0002925
is_a: UBERON:0004802  ! respiratory tract epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008404
name: proximale tubular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The cells lining the proximal tubule are cuboidal epithelial cells with deep basal membrane invaginations that provide a large basal surface area. The long microvilli (the brush border) lining the tubule lumen, maximize luminal surface area and make these cells ideally suited for both reabsorptive and secretory functions." [Renal_Physiology:Section_7,_Chapter_3]
synonym: "proximale tubule epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0003576]
xref: BTO:0003576
is_a: UBERON:0004810  ! nephron tubule epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008408
name: distal tubular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a distal tubule." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "distal tubule epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0003948]
xref: BTO:0003948
is_a: UBERON:0004810  ! nephron tubule epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008420
name: buccal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a buccal mucosa." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0004803
is_a: UBERON:0002424  ! oral epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006956 ! buccal mucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006956 ! buccal mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008425
name: mammary ridge
namespace: uberon
def: "A bandlike thickening of ectoderm in the embryo extending from just below the axilla to the inguinal region and giving rise to the mammary glands[Stedmans]. One of two parallel lines, formed by thickenings of the epidermis (the mammary ridge) along the ventral surface of mammals of both sexes. They extend from the upper limbs (arms) to the lower limbs (legs) and are developed in the embryo. They give rise to the mammary glands and nipples but are otherwise usually not visible in the adult. The first manifestation of the mammary gland in many mammals is an elevated ridge or milk line, which then fragments into individual buds in specific regions lateral of the dorsal midline. These buds are either located in the thoracic region in primates, in the inguinal area in ungulates or along the entire length of the trunk in rodents and pigs. In humans, milk lines appear in the seventh week of embryonic development. After initial development of the milk lines they go into remission. Nipples develop on the milk lines of mammals. Most humans have two nipples, but in some cases more than two will develop. In most cases, these 'third nipples'band sometimes fourth nipplebgrow along the milk line[WP]." [Wikipedia:Milk_line, http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mammary%20ridge]
comment: split ridge and milk line?
synonym: "mammary fold" EXACT [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mammary+ridge]
synonym: "milk line" RELATED [Wikipedia:Milk_line]
xref: EMAPA:18541
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008426
name: transverse foramen of atlas
namespace: uberon
def: "A transverse foramen that is part of a cervical vertebra 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foramen transversarium of atlas" EXACT [FMA:23998]
xref: FMA:23998
xref: SCTID:281220001
is_a: UBERON:0000130  ! transverse foramen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0000130  ! transverse foramen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008427
name: transverse foramen of axis
namespace: uberon
def: "A transverse foramen that is part of a cervical vertebra 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foramen transversarium of axis" EXACT [FMA:23999]
xref: FMA:23999
xref: SCTID:281221002
is_a: UBERON:0000130  ! transverse foramen
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001093 ! cervical vertebra 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! cervical vertebra 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0000130  ! transverse foramen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! cervical vertebra 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008428
name: ceratoglossus
namespace: uberon
def: "main, posterior part of hyoglossus muscle (vs. chondroglossus) arising from the greater horn of the hyoid bone." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655]
synonym: "ceratoglossus muscle" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655]
synonym: "musculus ceratoglossus" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655]
xref: FMA:46720
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001572 ! hyoglossus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008429
name: cervical vertebral foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "A vertebral foramen that is part of a cervical vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:13480
xref: SCTID:280833008
is_a: UBERON:0001131  ! vertebral foramen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001131  ! vertebral foramen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008430
name: lumbar vertebral foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "A vertebral foramen that is part of a lumbar vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:24826
xref: SCTID:280835001
is_a: UBERON:0001131  ! vertebral foramen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001131  ! vertebral foramen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008431
name: sacral foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "A vertebral foramen that is part of a sacral vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:31749
is_a: UBERON:0001131  ! vertebral foramen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001131  ! vertebral foramen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008432
name: thoracic vertebral foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "A vertebral foramen that is part of a thoracic vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:9143
xref: SCTID:280834002
is_a: UBERON:0001131  ! vertebral foramen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001131  ! vertebral foramen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008433
name: lumbar vertebral arch
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural arch that is part of a lumbar vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arch of lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:16076]
xref: FMA:16076
xref: SCTID:312766000
is_a: UBERON:0003828  ! abdominal segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0003861  ! neural arch
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0003861  ! neural arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008434
name: cervical vertebral arch
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural arch that is part of a cervical vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arch of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:23893]
xref: FMA:23893
xref: SCTID:165269004
is_a: UBERON:0003458  ! neck bone
is_a: UBERON:0003861  ! neural arch
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0003861  ! neural arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008435
name: vertebral arch of sacral segment
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural arch that is part of a sacral vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:32401
is_a: UBERON:0003828  ! abdominal segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0003861  ! neural arch
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
is_a: UBERON:0005179  ! pelvis organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0003861  ! neural arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008436
name: thoracic vertebral arch
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural arch that is part of a thoracic vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arch of thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9151]
xref: FMA:9151
xref: SCTID:312764002
is_a: UBERON:0003827  ! thoracic segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0003861  ! neural arch
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0003861  ! neural arch
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008437
name: posterior arch of atlas
namespace: uberon
def: "In a cervical vertebra, the posterior arch forms about two-fifths of the circumference of the ring: it ends behind in the posterior tubercle, which is the rudiment of a spinous process and gives origin to the Recti capitis posteriores minores." [Wikipedia:Posterior_arch_of_atlas]
synonym: "posterior arch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_arch]
xref: FMA:23977
xref: SCTID:181892007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Arcusposterioratlantis.png
is_a: UBERON:0005814  ! arch of atlas
is_a: UBERON:0008434  ! cervical vertebral arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008438
name: webbed interdigital region between manual digits
namespace: uberon
def: "A webbed interdigital region that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0006013  ! interdigital region between manual digits
is_a: UBERON:0006015  ! webbed interdigital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008441 ! webbed manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006015  ! webbed interdigital region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008439
name: webbed interdigital region between pedal digits
namespace: uberon
def: "A webbed interdigital region that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "toe web" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0006014  ! interdigital region between pedal digits
is_a: UBERON:0006015  ! webbed interdigital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008442 ! webbed pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0006015  ! webbed interdigital region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008440
name: webbed autopod
namespace: uberon
def: "An autopod region that has_part a webbed interdigital region." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0002470  ! autopod region
relationship: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002470  ! autopod region
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008441
name: webbed manus
namespace: uberon
def: "A manus that has_part a webbed interdigital region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hand webbing" RELATED [AAO:0010120]
synonym: "webbed hand" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0010120
is_a: UBERON:0002398  ! manus
is_a: UBERON:0008440  ! webbed autopod
relationship: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002398  ! manus
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008442
name: webbed pes
namespace: uberon
def: "A pes that has_part a webbed interdigital region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot webbing" RELATED [AAO:0010121]
synonym: "webbed foot" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010121
is_a: UBERON:0002387  ! pes
is_a: UBERON:0008440  ! webbed autopod
relationship: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002387  ! pes
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008443
name: webbed digit
namespace: uberon
def: "A digit that is part of a webbed autopod." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008440 ! webbed autopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008440 ! webbed autopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008444
name: webbed manual digit
namespace: uberon
def: "A digit that is part of a webbed manus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of webbed hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of webbed manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "webbed finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
is_a: UBERON:0008443  ! webbed digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008441 ! webbed manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008441 ! webbed manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008445
name: webbed pedal digit
namespace: uberon
def: "A digit that is part of a webbed pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of webbed foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digit of webbed pes" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "webbed toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0001466  ! pedal digit
is_a: UBERON:0008443  ! webbed digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008442 ! webbed pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0002544  ! digit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008442 ! webbed pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008447
name: intertarsal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Intertarsal articulations are the joints of the tarsus. The specific intertarsal articulations are: Talocalcaneal articulation Talocalcaneonavicular articulation Calcaneocuboid articulation Cuneonavicular articulation Cuboideonavicular articulation Intercuneiform articulation Cuneocuboid articulation" [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations]
synonym: "articulationes intertarsale" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.583.378.831]
synonym: "articulationes intertarsales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations]
synonym: "articulationes intertarseae" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.583.378.831]
synonym: "intermetatarsal joint" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.583.378.831]
synonym: "intertarsal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations]
synonym: "intertarsal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations]
synonym: "intertarsal joint" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.583.378.831]
synonym: "tarsal joint" RELATED [MESH:A02.835.583.378.831]
synonym: "tarsal joints" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations]
xref: FMA:44281
xref: GAID:259
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.378.831
xref: SCTID:182221001
xref: SCTID:361283005
xref: UMLS:C1527245
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray360.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Tarsal_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001487  ! joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0001447 {cardinality="2"} ! tarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008449
name: trochlear notch
namespace: uberon
def: "The semilunar notch of the ulna (trochlear notch of ulna, greater sigmoid cavity) is a large depression, formed by the olecranon and the coronoid process, and serving for articulation with the trochlea of the humerus. About the middle of either side of this notch is an indentation, which contracts it somewhat, and indicates the junction of the olecranon and the coronoid process. The notch is concave from above downward, and divided into a medial and a lateral portion by a smooth ridge running from the summit of the olecranon to the tip of the coronoid process. The medial portion is the larger, and is slightly concave transversely; the lateral is convex above, slightly concave below." [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch]
synonym: "incisura trochlearis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch]
synonym: "incisura trochlearis ulnae, incisura semilunaris ulnae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch]
synonym: "semilunar notch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch]
synonym: "semilunar notch of ulna" EXACT [FMA:23619]
xref: FMA:23619
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray212.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006822 ! proximal epiphysis of ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008450
name: psoas muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A powerful flexor of the thigh at the hip joint (psoas major) and a weak flexor of the trunk and lumbar spinal column (psoas minor). Psoas is derived from the Greek \"psoa\", the plural meaning \"muscles of the loin\". It is a common site of infection manifesting as abscess (PSOAS ABSCESS). The psoas muscles and their fibers are also used frequently in experiments in muscle physiology." [MESH:A02.633.567.825, Wikipedia:Psoas]
synonym: "psoas" EXACT [BTO:0001140, MA:0002553]
xref: BTO:0001140
xref: MA:0002553
xref: MESH:A02.633.567.825
xref: SCTID:276167002
xref: UMLS:C0085221
xref: galen:Psoas
xref: ncithesaurus:Psoas_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0008549  ! prevertebral muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001370 ! gluteus maximus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0009624 ! lumbar nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008453
name: rectus capitis anterior
namespace: uberon
def: "The rectus capitis anterior (rectus capitis anticus minor) is a short, flat muscle, situated immediately behind the upper part of the Longus capitis. It arises from the anterior surface of the lateral mass of the atlas, and from the root of its transverse process, and passing obliquely upward and medialward, is inserted into the inferior surface of the basilar part of the occipital bone immediately in front of the foramen magnum." [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "anterior rectus capitis" EXACT [FMA:46312]
synonym: "anterior rectus capitis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "anterior vertebral muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "musculus rectus capitis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "recti capitis anteriores" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitis anterior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitis anterior muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitus anterior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitus anterior muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle]
xref: FMA:46312
xref: SCTID:244838005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008454
name: rectus capitis posterior major
namespace: uberon
def: "The Rectus capitis posterior major (Rectus capitis posticus major) arises by a pointed tendon from the spinous process of the axis, and, becoming broader as it ascends, is inserted into the lateral part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface of the bone immediately below the line. As the muscles of the two sides pass upward and lateralward, they leave between them a triangular space, in which the Recti capitis posteriores minores are seen. Its main actions are to extend and rotate the atlanto-occipital joint." [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle]
synonym: "greater posterior rectus capitis" EXACT [FMA:32525]
synonym: "musculus rectus capitis posterior major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle]
synonym: "recti capitis posteriores major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitis posterior major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitis posterior major muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitus posterior major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitus posterior major muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle]
synonym: "rectus posterior major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle]
xref: FMA:32525
xref: SCTID:245994002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001093 ! cervical vertebra 2
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0006839 ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008455
name: rectus capitis posterior minor
namespace: uberon
def: "The Rectus capitis posterior minor (Rectus capitis posticus minor) arises by a narrow pointed tendon from the tubercle on the posterior arch of the atlas, and, widening as it ascends, is inserted into the medial part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface between it and the foramen magnum, and also takes some attachment to the spinal dura. The synergists are the rectus capitus posterior major and Obliquus capitis. Connective tissue bridges were noted at the atlanto-occipital junction between the rectus capitis posterior minor muscle and the dorsal spinal dura. The perpendicular arrangement of these fibers appears to restrict dural movement toward the spinal cord. The ligamentum nuchae was found to be continuous with the posterior cervical spinal dura and the lateral portion of the occipital bone. Anatomic structures innervated by cervical nerves C1-C3 have the potential to cause headache pain. Included are the joint complexes of the upper 3 cervical segments, the dura mater, and spinal cord. The dura-muscular, dura-ligamentous connections in the upper cervical spine and occipital areas may provide anatomic and physiologic answers to the cause of the cervicogenic headache. This proposal would further explain manipulation's efficacy in the treatment of cervicogenic headache ." [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle]
synonym: "lesser posterior rectus capitis" EXACT [FMA:32526]
synonym: "musculus rectus capitis posterior minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle]
synonym: "recti capitis posteriores minores" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitis posterior minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitis posterior minor muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitus posterior minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle]
synonym: "rectus capitus posterior minor muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle]
synonym: "rectus posterior minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle]
xref: FMA:32526
xref: SCTID:245995001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor.png
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0008437 ! posterior arch of atlas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008456
name: superior articular process of lumbar vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A superior articular process of vertebra that is part of a lumbar vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial articular process of lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:16126]
xref: FMA:16126
xref: SCTID:305677003
is_a: UBERON:0001079  ! superior articular process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001079  ! superior articular process of vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008457
name: superior articular process of sacral vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A superior articular process of vertebra that is part of a sacral vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "articular process of sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:16215]
synonym: "processus articularis superior (os sacrum)" EXACT [FMA:16215]
synonym: "processus articularis superior ossis sacri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "superior articular process of sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:16215]
synonym: "superior articular process of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:16215]
xref: FMA:16215
is_a: UBERON:0001079  ! superior articular process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001079  ! superior articular process of vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008459
name: superior articular process of cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A superior articular process of vertebra that is part of a cervical vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23969
xref: SCTID:57767002
is_a: UBERON:0001079  ! superior articular process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001079  ! superior articular process of vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008460
name: superior articular process of thoracic vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A superior articular process of vertebra that is part of a thoracic vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial articular process of thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9155]
synonym: "processus articularis (zygapophysis) thoracicus superior" EXACT [FMA:9155]
synonym: "superior apophyseal process" EXACT [FMA:9155]
synonym: "superior zygapophysis" EXACT [FMA:9155]
xref: FMA:9155
xref: SCTID:367801006
is_a: UBERON:0001079  ! superior articular process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001079  ! superior articular process of vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008461
name: inferior articular process of lumbar vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "An inferior articular process of vertebra that is part of a lumbar vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caudal articular process of lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:16127]
xref: FMA:16127
xref: SCTID:306283004
is_a: UBERON:0001080  ! inferior articular process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001080  ! inferior articular process of vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008462
name: inferior articular process of cervical vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "An inferior articular process of vertebra that is part of a cervical vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23970
xref: SCTID:61633005
is_a: UBERON:0001080  ! inferior articular process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001080  ! inferior articular process of vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008463
name: inferior articular process of thoracic vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "An inferior articular process of vertebra that is part of a thoracic vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "caudal articular process of thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9156]
synonym: "inferior apophyseal process" EXACT [FMA:9156]
synonym: "inferior zygapophysis" EXACT [FMA:9156]
synonym: "processus articularis (zygapophysis) thoracicus inferior" EXACT [FMA:9156]
xref: FMA:9156
xref: SCTID:367814007
is_a: UBERON:0001080  ! inferior articular process of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001080  ! inferior articular process of vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008464
name: abductor hallucis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Abductor hallucis lies along the medial border of the pes and covers the origins of the plantar vessels and nerves. It arises from the medial process of the tuberosity of the calcaneus, from the laciniate ligament, from the plantar aponeurosis, and from the intermuscular septum between it and the Flexor digitorum brevis. The fibers end in a tendon, which is inserted, together with the medial tendon of the Flexor hallucis brevis, into the tibial side of the base of the first phalanx of the great toe." [Wikipedia:Abductor_hallucis_muscle]
synonym: "abductor hallucis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abductor_hallucis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus abductor hallucis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abductor_hallucis_muscle]
xref: FMA:37448
xref: SCTID:181723001
xref: Wikipedia:Abductor_hallucis_muscle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Abductor_hallucis.png
is_a: UBERON:0001498  ! muscle of pes
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008338 ! plantar part of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008465
name: abductor pollicis brevis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The abductor pollicis brevis is a muscle in the manus that functions as an abductor of the thumb." [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle]
synonym: "abductor brevis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle]
synonym: "abductor pollicis brevis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus abductor pollicis brevis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle]
xref: FMA:37373
xref: SCTID:181648007
xref: Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Musculusabductorpollicisbrevis.png
is_a: UBERON:0001500  ! muscle of manus
is_a: UBERON:0011534  ! abductor pollicis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002962 ! adductor pollicis muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004445 ! proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 1
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001427 ! scaphoid
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001430 ! distal carpal bone 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008488
name: cremaster muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A thin layer of skeletal muscle that envelops the spermatic cord and testis of most male mammals in a series of loops; it is a continuation of the obliquus internus, arising from the inguinal ligament and inserting into the crest of the pubis and into the sheath of the rectus abdominis; it is innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve and functions to draw the testis up toward the superficial inguinal ring in response to cold or to stimulation of the nerve; " [MGI:anna, MP:0011833, Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle]
comment: Usage notes: in females it is represented by only a few muscle loops that envelop the round ligament of the uterus. This class represents the male structure
synonym: "cremaster" EXACT [FMA:21531]
synonym: "cremaster muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle]
synonym: "cremasteric muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle]
synonym: "muscle of Riolan (cremaster)" EXACT [FMA:21531]
synonym: "musculus cremaster" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle]
synonym: "musculus cremaster <male>" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: EMAPA:31250
xref: FMA:21531
xref: SCTID:244948006
xref: UMLS:C0224377
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Gray1143.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cremaster_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006650 ! tunica vaginalis testis
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006204 ! inguinal ligament
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008521
name: gluteus minimus
namespace: uberon
def: "The gluteus minimus (or glutC&us minimus), the smallest of the three gluteal muscles, is situated immediately beneath the gluteus medius." [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle]
synonym: "glut%c3%a6us minimus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle]
synonym: "glutaeus minimus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle]
synonym: "gluteus minimus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle]
synonym: "gluteus minimus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus gluteus minimus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle]
xref: FMA:22317
xref: SCTID:181676004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002000  ! gluteal muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002503 ! greater trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002503 ! greater trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 ! ilium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008522
name: nasal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a olfactory apparatus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of nose" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:73758
xref: SCTID:244730009
xref: UMLS:C0224219
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003831  ! respiratory system muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008523
name: infrahyoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The infrahyoid muscles are a group of four pairs of muscles in the anterior part of the neck. (The term infrahyoid refers to the region below to the hyoid bone in the neck. ) Collectively, they are referred to as the strap muscles, because the muscles are long and flat much like a strap." [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles]
synonym: "infrahyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles]
synonym: "infrahyoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles]
synonym: "infrahyoidala" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles]
synonym: "musculi infrahyoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles]
synonym: "strap muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles]
synonym: "strap muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles]
xref: FMA:13338
xref: SCTID:244829008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Infrahyoid_muscles.png
is_a: UBERON:0005493  ! hyoid muscle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0005430 ! ansa cervicalis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008529
name: piriformis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The piriformis is a muscle in the gluteal region that originates from the anterior (front) part of the sacrum, the part of the spine in the gluteal region, and from the superior margin of the greater sciatic notch (as well as the sacroiliac joint capsule and the sacrotuberous ligament). It exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen to insert on the greater trochanter of the femur. Its tendon often joins with the tendons of the superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, and obturator internus muscles prior to insertion[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Piriformis_muscle]
synonym: "m.piriformis" EXACT [FMA:19082]
synonym: "musculus piriformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Piriformis_muscle]
synonym: "piriform muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriformis_muscle]
synonym: "piriformis" EXACT [FMA:19082]
synonym: "piriformis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriformis_muscle]
xref: FMA:19082
xref: SCTID:245019009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002000  ! gluteal muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002503 ! greater trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008537
name: quadratus femoris
namespace: uberon
def: "The quadratus femoris is, as its name implies, a flat, quadrilateral skeletal muscle. Located on the posterior side of the hip joint, it is a strong lateral rotator and adductor of the thigh, but also acts to stabilize the femoral head in the Acetabulum." [Wikipedia:Quadratus_femoris_muscle]
synonym: "musculus quadratus femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Quadratus_femoris_muscle]
synonym: "quadratus femoris muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Quadratus_femoris_muscle]
xref: FMA:22321
xref: SCTID:245020003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002000  ! gluteal muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008538
name: muscle of posterior compartment of thigh
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior fascial compartment of the thigh contains the knee flexors and hip extensors. It consists of the following muscles: biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus The muscles here (except for the short head of the biceps femoris) are the hamstrings." [Wikipedia:Posterior_compartment_of_thigh]
synonym: "compartimentum femoris posterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_compartment_of_thigh]
synonym: "posterior fascial compartment of thigh" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_compartment_of_thigh]
synonym: "posterior femoral muscle" EXACT [FMA:22427]
synonym: "posterior femoral muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_compartment_of_thigh]
xref: FMA:22427
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray432_color.png
is_a: UBERON:0004252  ! hindlimb stylopod muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008544
name: splenius cervicis
namespace: uberon
def: "The splenius cervicis (splenius colli) arises by a narrow tendinous band from the spinous processes of the third to the sixth thoracic vertebrae; it is inserted, by tendinous fasciculi, into the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the upper two or three cervical vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Splenius_cervicis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus splenius cervicis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenius_cervicis_muscle]
synonym: "splenius cervicis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Splenius_cervicis_muscle]
xref: FMA:22681
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Musculus_splenius_cervicis.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0002252  ! splenius
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000962 ! nerve of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008546
name: iliocostalis cervicis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The iliocostalis cervicis (cervicalis ascendens) arises from the angles of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth ribs, and is inserted into the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrae.." [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis#Iliocostalis_cervicis]
synonym: "cervicalis ascendens" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
synonym: "cervicalis ascendens muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
synonym: "iliocostalis cervicis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
xref: FMA:22704
xref: SCTID:244851000
is_a: UBERON:0002251  ! iliocostalis muscle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0006839 ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008549
name: prevertebral muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The prevertebral muscles are the muscles located between the prevertebral fascia (older definition) and the vertebral column, i.e. , the longus capitis and longus colli muscles. It also includes the recti capitis anterior and lateralis." [Wikipedia:Prevertebral_muscles]
synonym: "flexor muscle of vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:32514]
xref: FMA:32514
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Prevertebral_muscles.png
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008571
name: suprahyoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The term suprahyoid refers to the region above (superior to) the hyoid bone in the neck. The suprahyoid muscles include digastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, and mylohyoid." [Wikipedia:Suprahyoid_muscles]
synonym: "musculi suprahyoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Suprahyoid_muscles]
synonym: "suprahyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprahyoid_muscles]
synonym: "suprahyoidala" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprahyoid_muscles]
xref: FMA:46290
xref: SCTID:244824003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Suprahyoid_muscles.png
is_a: UBERON:0005493  ! hyoid muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008572
name: posterior crico-arytenoid
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles are extremely small, paired muscles that extend from the posterior cricoid cartilage to the arytenoid cartilages in the larynx. By rotating the arytenoid cartilages laterally, these muscles abduct the vocal cords and thereby open the rima glottidis. Their action opposes the lateral cricoarytenoid muscles. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles receive innervation from the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve (CN X). Paralysis of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles may lead to asphyxiation as they are the only laryngeal muscles to open the true vocal folds, allowing inspiration and expiration." [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "cricoaryt%c3%a6noideus posterior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "cricoarytaenoideus posterior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "musculus cricoarytenoideus posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "posterior cricoarytenoid" EXACT [FMA:46576]
synonym: "posterior cricoarytenoid muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "posterior cricoarytenoideus" EXACT [FMA:46576]
xref: FMA:46576
xref: SCTID:244812005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Musculuscricoarytenoideusposterior.png
is_a: UBERON:0010932  ! crico-arytenoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0008573 ! lateral crico-arytenoid
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003716 ! recurrent laryngeal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008573
name: lateral crico-arytenoid
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral cricoarytenoid (also anterior cricoarytenoid) muscles extend from the lateral cricoid cartilage to the ipsilateral arytenoid cartilage. By rotating the arytenoid cartilages medially, these muscles adduct the vocal cords and thereby close the rima glottidis, protecting the airway. (Their action is antagonistic to that of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles. ) The lateral cricoarytenoid muscles receive innervation from the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve (CN X)." [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "cricoaryt%c3%a6noideus lateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "cricoaryt%c3%a6noideus lateralis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "cricoarytaenoideus lateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "cricoarytaenoideus lateralis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "lateral cricoarytenoid" EXACT [FMA:46579]
synonym: "lateral cricoarytenoid muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "lateral cricoarytenoideus" EXACT [FMA:46579]
synonym: "musculus cricoarytenoideus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle]
xref: FMA:46579
xref: SCTID:244813000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Musculuscricoarytenoideuslateralis.png
is_a: UBERON:0010932  ! crico-arytenoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0008572 ! posterior crico-arytenoid
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003716 ! recurrent laryngeal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008574
name: transverse arytenoid
namespace: uberon
def: "The tranverse arytenoid crosses transversely between the two cartilages. It is an unpaired muscle running from one arytenoid to another to pull the arytenoids together." [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "arytenoid transversus" RELATED []
synonym: "tranverse arytenoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_arytenoid]
xref: FMA:46582
is_a: UBERON:0010958  ! arytenoid muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008575
name: oblique arytenoid
namespace: uberon
def: "The oblique arytenoid, the more superficial Arytenoid muscle, forms two fasciculi, which pass from the base of one cartilage to the apex of the opposite one, and therefore cross each other like the limbs of the letter X; a few fibers are continued around the lateral margin of the cartilage, and are prolonged into the aryepiglottic fold; they are sometimes described as a separate muscle, the Aryepiglotticus. The aryepiglottic muscle together with the transverse arytenoid and the thyroarytenoid work as a sphincter and close the larynx as we swallow or cough. Its innervation is by the recurrent laryngeal nerve (from vagus) just like all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid muscle." [Wikipedia:Oblique_arytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "arytenoid obliquus" RELATED []
synonym: "oblique arytenoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Oblique_arytenoid]
xref: FMA:46583
xref: SCTID:244817004
is_a: UBERON:0010958  ! arytenoid muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008576
name: thyro-arytenoid
namespace: uberon
def: "The Thyroarytenoid is a broad, thin, muscle which lies parallel with and lateral to the vocal fold, and supports the wall of the ventricle and its appendix. It functions in fine tonal control of the vocal cords." [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "musculus thyroarytenoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyreoaryt%c3%a6noideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyreoaryt%c3%a6noideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyreoarytaenoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyreoarytaenoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyreoepiglotticus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyro-arytenoid %26 vocalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyro-arytenoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyroaryt%c3%a6noideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyroarytenoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "thyroarytenoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "ventricularis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "ventricularis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle]
xref: FMA:46588
xref: SCTID:361814004
xref: UMLS:C0224183
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Musculusthyreoarytenoideus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroarytenoid_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006328  ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003716 ! recurrent laryngeal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008577
name: vocalis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The vocal muscle is the upper portion of the thyroarytenoid muscle which is primarily involved in producing speech." [Wikipedia:Vocal_muscle]
synonym: "musculus vocalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vocal_muscle]
synonym: "vocal muscle" EXACT [FMA:46591]
synonym: "vocalis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:46591
xref: SCTID:244820007
xref: UMLS:C0224181
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Musculusthyreoarytenoideus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Vocalis_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006328  ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008576 ! thyro-arytenoid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008582
name: superior longitudinal muscle of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "The Longitudinalis linguC& superior (Superior lingualis) is a thin stratum of oblique and longitudinal fibers immediately underlying the mucous membrane on the dorsum of the tongue." [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "longitudinalis lingu%c3%a6 superior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "longitudinalis linguae superior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "musculus longitudinalis superior" EXACT [FMA:46693]
synonym: "musculus longitudinalis superior linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "superior longitudinal muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue]
xref: FMA:46693
xref: SCTID:244790006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Musculuslongitudinalissuperiorlinguae.png
is_a: UBERON:0001576  ! intrinsic muscle of tongue
is_a: UBERON:0012369  ! longitudinal muscle layer
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008583
name: transverse muscle of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "The Transversus linguC& (tansverse lingualis) is a muscle of the tongue. It consists of fibers which arise from the median fibrous septum and pass lateralward to be inserted into the submucous fibrous tissue at the sides of the tongue." [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "intrinsic tongue muscle transverse component" EXACT [MA:0002328]
synonym: "musculus transversus linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "transverse lingual muscle" EXACT [FMA:46695]
synonym: "transverse muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "transversus lingu%c3%a6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "transversus linguae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "transversus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue]
xref: FMA:46695
xref: MA:0002328
xref: SCTID:244792003
xref: UMLS:C1708561
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Musculustransversuslinguae.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Intrinsic_Tongue_Muscle_Transverse_Component
is_a: UBERON:0001576  ! intrinsic muscle of tongue
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008584
name: vertical muscle of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "The Verticalis linguC& (Vertical lingualis) is found only at the borders of the forepart of the tongue. Its fibers extend from the upper to the under surface of the organ." [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "intrinsic tongue muscle vertical component" EXACT [MA:0002329]
synonym: "musculus verticalis linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "vertical lingual muscle" EXACT [FMA:46696]
synonym: "vertical muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "verticalis lingu%c3%a6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "verticalis lingu%c3%a6 muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "verticalis linguae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "verticalis linguae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue]
synonym: "verticalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue]
xref: FMA:46696
xref: MA:0002329
xref: SCTID:244793008
xref: UMLS:C1708562
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Gray1020.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Intrinsic_Tongue_Muscle_Vertical_Component
is_a: UBERON:0001576  ! intrinsic muscle of tongue
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0007373 ! inferior surface of tongue
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009471 ! dorsum of tongue
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008585
name: levator veli palatini
namespace: uberon
def: "The levator veli palatini is the elevator muscle of the velum palatinum in the human body. During swallowing, it contracts, elevating the soft palate to help prevent food from entering the nasopharynx. It is innervated via the pharyngeal plexus, primarily by the vagus nerve (CN X). The levator veli palatini (Levator palati) is a thick, rounded muscle situated lateral to the choanC&. It arises from the under surface of the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone and from the medial lamina of the cartilage of the auditory tube. After passing above the upper concave margin of the Constrictor pharyngis superior it spreads out in the palatine velum, its fibers extending obliquely downward and medially to the middle line, where they blend with those of the opposite side." [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini]
synonym: "levator palati" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini]
synonym: "levator veli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini]
synonym: "levator veli palatini muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini]
synonym: "levator velum palatini muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini]
synonym: "musculus levator veli palatini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini]
xref: FMA:46727
xref: SCTID:244795001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Musculuslevatorvelipalatini.png
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003682  ! palatal muscle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000929 ! pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve
property_value: external_definition "The levator veli palatini is part of the soft palate that attaches to the cranial base, pharyngotympanic tube and the soft palate and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X via the pharyngeal plexus.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008586
name: tensor veli palatini
namespace: uberon
def: "The tensor veli palatini (tensor palati) is a broad, thin, ribbon-like muscle in the head that tenses the soft palate." [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle]
synonym: "musculus tensor veli palatini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle]
synonym: "tensor palati" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle]
synonym: "tensor palati muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle]
synonym: "tensor veli palatini" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle]
synonym: "tensor veli palatini muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:46730
xref: SCTID:361815003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Musculustensorvelipalatini.png
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003682  ! palatal muscle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve
property_value: external_definition "The tensor veli palatini is a muscle of the soft palate that attaches to the cranial base and pharyngotympanic tube, wraps around the pterygoid hamulus and then attaches to the midline palatal raphe of the soft palate that is innervated by cranial nerve V3.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008588
name: procerus
namespace: uberon
def: "The Procerus is a small pyramidal slip of muscle deep to the superior orbital nerve, artery and vein." [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle]
synonym: "depressor glabellae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus procerus, pyramidalis nasi, depressor glabellae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle]
synonym: "procerus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle]
synonym: "pyramidalis nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle]
xref: FMA:46769
xref: SCTID:244731008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Procerus.png
is_a: UBERON:0008522  ! nasal muscle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008589
name: depressor septi nasi
namespace: uberon
def: "The depressor septi (Depressor alE nasi) arises from the incisive fossa of the maxilla. Its fibers ascend to be inserted into the nasal septum and back part of the alar part of nasalis muscle. It lies between the mucous membrane and muscular structure of the lip." [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "depressor al%c3%a6 nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "depressor alae nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "depressor septi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "depressor septi nasi muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "musculus depressor septi nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle]
xref: FMA:46777
xref: SCTID:244733006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Musculusdepressorseptinasi.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0008522  ! nasal muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008591
name: depressor supercilii
namespace: uberon
def: "The Depressor Supercilii is an eye muscle of the human body. The nature of this muscle is in some dispute. Few printed anatomies include it (Netter, et al. ) and many authorities consider it to be part of the orbicularis oculi muscle . On the other hand, many dermatologists, ophthalmologists and plastic surgeons hold that the depressor supercilli is a distinct muscle and has a definite, individual effect on the movement of the eybrow and skin of the glabella." [Wikipedia:Depressor_supercilii_muscle]
synonym: "depressor supercilii muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_supercilii_muscle]
synonym: "musculus depressor supercilii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Depressor_supercilii_muscle]
xref: FMA:46798
xref: SCTID:244728007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gray379.png
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008592
name: levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
namespace: uberon
def: "The levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle is, translated from Latin, the \"lifter of the upper lip and of the wing of the nose\". It has the longest name of any muscle in an animal." [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "alaeque" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "elvis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "levator labii superioris alaequae nasi muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "levator labii superioris alaeque nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle]
synonym: "musculus levator labii superioris alaequae nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle]
xref: FMA:46802
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Musculuslevatorlabiisuperiorisalaequenasi.png
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005928 ! external naris
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008593
name: zygomaticus major muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Zygomatic major is a muscle of the human body. It is a muscle of facial expression which draws the angle of the mouth superiorly and posteriorly. Like all muscles of facial expression, the zygomatic major is innervated by the facial nerve (Cranial Nerve VII). The Zygomaticus extends from each zygomatic arch to the corners of the mouth. It raises the corners of the mouth when a person smiles. Dimples may be caused by variations in the structure of this muscle." [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle]
synonym: "musculus zygomaticus major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle]
synonym: "zygomatic major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle]
synonym: "zygomatic major muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle]
synonym: "zygomatic muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle]
synonym: "zygomaticcus major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle]
synonym: "zygomaticus major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle]
xref: FMA:46810
xref: SCTID:244739005
xref: SCTID:244740007
xref: UMLS:C0224115
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Zygomaticus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Zygomaticus_Major
is_a: UBERON:0010437  ! zygomaticus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001683 ! jugal bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008594
name: zygomaticus minor muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The zygomaticus minor is a muscle of facial expression. It originates from malar bone and continues with orbicularis oculi on the lateral face of the Levator labii superioris and then inserts into the outer part of the upper lip. Do not confuse this with the Zygomaticus major, which insets into the angle of the mouth. It draws the upper lip backward, upward, and outward (used in making sad facial expressions). &lt;/gallery&gt; Like all muscles of facial expression, it is innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII)." [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_minor_muscle]
synonym: "zygomaticus minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_minor_muscle]
xref: FMA:46811
xref: SCTID:244741006
xref: UMLS:C0224116
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Musculuszygomaticusminor.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Zygomaticus_Minor
is_a: UBERON:0010437  ! zygomaticus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001458 ! skin of lip
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001683 ! jugal bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008595
name: levator anguli oris
namespace: uberon
def: "The levator anguli oris (caninus) is a facial muscle of the mouth arising from the canine fossa, immediately below the infraorbital foramen. Its fibers are inserted into the angle of the mouth, intermingling with those of the Zygomaticus, Triangularis, and Orbicularis oris." [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris_muscle]
synonym: "caninus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris]
synonym: "caninus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris]
synonym: "levator anguli oris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris]
synonym: "levator anguli oris muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris]
synonym: "musculus levator anguli oris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris]
xref: FMA:46822
xref: SCTID:141501002
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008596
name: mentalis
namespace: uberon
def: "The Mentalis is a paired central muscle of the lower lip, situated at the tip of the chin. It raises and pushes up the lower lip, causing wrinkling of the chin, as in doubt or displeasure. It is ometimes referred to as the \"pouting muscle. \" Its fibers arise from the incisive fossa of the mandible, then course vertically downward to insert in the skin of the chin. A movement disorder of the mentalis muscle is Geniospasm which is a benign but socially excluding genetic disorder." [Wikipedia:Mentalis]
synonym: "mentalis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mentalis]
synonym: "musculus mentalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Mentalis]
xref: FMA:46825
xref: SCTID:244744003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Mentalis.png
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0008199 ! chin
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0008199 ! chin
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008597
name: depressor anguli oris muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Depressor anguli oris (Triangularis) arises from the oblique line of the mandible, whence its fibers converge, to be inserted, by a narrow fasciculus, into the angle of the mouth." [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle]
synonym: "depressor anguli oris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle]
synonym: "musculus depressor anguli oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle]
synonym: "triangularis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle]
synonym: "triangularis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle]
xref: FMA:46828
xref: SCTID:361812000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray381.png
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008598
name: risorius muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The risorius arises in the fascia over the parotid gland and, passing horizontally forward, superficial to the platysma, inserts onto the skin at the angle of the mouth. It is a narrow bundle of fibers, broadest at its origin, but varies much in its size and form." [Wikipedia:Risorius]
synonym: "musculus risorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Risorius]
synonym: "risorius" EXACT [Wikipedia:Risorius]
xref: FMA:46838
xref: SCTID:244755003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Musculusrisorius.png
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008609
name: transversus menti muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The transversus menti, or transverse muscle of the chin, is a facial muscle that is often considered to be the superficial fibers of the depressor anguli oris muscle which cross to the other side of the face." [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_the_chin]
synonym: "musculus transversus menti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_the_chin]
synonym: "transverse menti" EXACT [FMA:49080]
synonym: "transversus menti" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_the_chin]
xref: FMA:49080
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray381.png
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008611
name: scalene muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Any of the three pairs of muscles in the lateral neck, namely the scalenus anterior, scalenus medius, and scalenus posterior. They are innervated by the spinal nerves C4-C8[WP]." [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "lateral cervical muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "lateral cervical muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "lateral vertebral muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "m scalenus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "scalene muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "scalene muscles" EXACT [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "scalenes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "scaleneus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "scaleni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "scalenus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles]
synonym: "scalenus muscle" EXACT [FMA:64829]
xref: FMA:64829
xref: SCTID:244843003
xref: UMLS:C0448350
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Scalenus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Scalene_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004601 ! rib 1
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004602 ! rib 2
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008612
name: muscle of pelvic diaphragm
namespace: uberon
def: "The pelvic floor or pelvic diaphragm is composed of muscle fibers of the levator ani, the coccygeus, and associated connective tissue which span the area underneath the pelvis. The pelvic diaphragm is a muscular partition formed by the levatores ani and coccygei, with which may be included the parietal pelvic fascia on their upper and lower aspects. The pelvic floor separates the pelvic cavity above from the perineal region below. The right and left levator ani lie almost horizontally in the floor of the pelvis, separated by a narrow gap that transmits the urethra, vagina, and anal canal. The levator ani is usually considered in three parts: pubococcygeus, puborectalis, and iliococcygeus. The pubococcygeus, the main part of the levator, runs backward from the body of the pubis toward the coccyx and may be damaged during parturition. Some fibers are inserted into the prostate, urethra, and vagina. The right and left puborectalis unite behind the anorectal junction to form a muscular sling . Some regard them as a part of the sphincter ani externus. The iliococcygeus, the most posterior part of the levator ani, is often poorly developed. The coccygeus, situated behind the levator ani and frequently tendinous as much as muscular, extends from the ischial spine to the lateral margin of the sacrum and coccyx. The pelvic cavity of the true pelvis has the pelvic floor as its inferior border (and the pelvic brim as its superior border. ) The perineum has the pelvic floor as its superior border. Some sources do not consider \"pelvic floor\" and \"pelvic diaphragm\" to be identical, with the \"diaphragm\" consisting of only the levator ani and coccygeus, while the \"floor\" also includes the perineal membrane and deep perineal pouch. However, other sources include the fascia as part of the diaphragm. In practice, the two terms are often used interchangeably. Inferiorly, the pelvic floor extends into the anal triangle." [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor]
synonym: "diaphragm of the pelvis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor]
synonym: "diaphragma pelvis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor]
synonym: "muscle of pelvic floor" EXACT [FMA:64856]
synonym: "pelvic diaphragm" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor]
synonym: "pelvic diaphragm muscle" EXACT [FMA:64856]
synonym: "pelvic floor muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor]
synonym: "pelvic muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor]
xref: FMA:64856
xref: SCTID:367748001
xref: UMLS:C0932441
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray404.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pelvic_Floor_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008617
name: innermost intercostal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Innermost intercostal muscle is a layer of intercostal muscle beneath the intercostal nerves and internal intercostal muscles. These are divided into transversus thoracis anteriorly, lateral muscle slips laterally and subcostalis posteriorly." [Wikipedia:Innermost_intercostal_muscle]
synonym: "musculus intercostalis intimus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Innermost_intercostal_muscle]
xref: FMA:9758
xref: SCTID:368054008
is_a: UBERON:0001111  ! intercostal muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003727 ! intercostal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008618
name: subcostal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Subcostales (Infracostales) consist of muscular and aponeurotic fasciculi, which are usually well-developed only in the lower part of the thorax; each originates from the inner surface of one rib, and is inserted into the inner surface of the second or third rib above, near its angle. Their fibers run in the same direction as those of the Intercostales interni." [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus subcostalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle]
synonym: "subcostal muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle]
synonym: "subcostales" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle]
synonym: "subcostales muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle]
synonym: "subcostales muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle]
synonym: "subcostalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle]
xref: FMA:9759
xref: SCTID:244914005
is_a: UBERON:0002426  ! chest muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003727 ! intercostal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008622
name: scalenus anterior
namespace: uberon
def: "The Scalenus anterior (Scalenus anticus), also known as anterior scalene muscle, lies deeply at the side of the neck, behind the Sternocleidomastoideus. It arises from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrC&, and descending, almost vertically, is inserted by a narrow, flat tendon into the scalene tubercle on the inner border of the first rib, and into the ridge on the upper surface of the rib in front of the subclavian groove." [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior]
synonym: "anterior scalene" EXACT [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior]
synonym: "musculus scalenus anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior]
synonym: "scalenus anterior muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior]
synonym: "scalenus anticus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior]
xref: FMA:13385
xref: SCTID:181742002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Scalenus_anterior.png
is_a: UBERON:0008611  ! scalene muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004601 ! rib 1
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008712
name: stylohyoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The stylohyoid muscle is a slender muscle, lying anterior, and superior of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. It shares this muscle's innervation by the facial nerve." [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "musculus stylohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "stylohyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "stylohyoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "stylohyoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle]
synonym: "stylohyoideus muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle]
xref: FMA:9625
xref: SCTID:244826001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Musculi_colli_stylohyoideus.svg
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
is_a: UBERON:0008571  ! suprahyoid muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003997 ! hyoid bone greater horn
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003960 ! styloid process of temporal bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
property_value: external_definition "The stylohyoid is a pharyngeal arch II muscle that participates in oral/pharygeal behaviors and is innervated by the stylohoid branch of the facial nerve and attaches to the stylohyal.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008713
name: pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001421
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001422
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008716
name: hilum of kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "A hilum that is part of a kidney." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "renal hilum" EXACT [FMA:15610]
xref: FMA:15610
xref: SCTID:279370006
xref: UMLS:C0227608
xref: galen:HilumOfKidney
xref: ncithesaurus:Hilar_Area_of_the_Kidney
is_a: UBERON:0004885  ! hilum
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0004885  ! hilum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008772
name: proximal epiphysis of tibia
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a tibia." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33113]
synonym: "proximal end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33113]
synonym: "upper end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33113]
xref: FMA:33113
xref: SCTID:302526005
xref: UMLS:C0932431
xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Tibia
is_a: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004383  ! epiphysis of tibia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008775
name: proximal epiphysis of fibula
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a fibula." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "head of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33729]
synonym: "proximal end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33729]
synonym: "upper end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33729]
xref: FMA:33729
xref: SCTID:182080006
xref: UMLS:C0223908
xref: galen:HeadOfFibula
xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Fibula
is_a: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
is_a: UBERON:0004388  ! epiphysis of fibula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
property_value: external_definition "The upper extremity or head of the fibula is of an irregular quadrate form, presenting above a flattened articular surface, directed upward, forward, and medialward, for articulation with a corresponding surface on the lateral condyle of the tibia. On the lateral side is a thick and rough prominence continued behind into a pointed eminence, the apex, which projects upward from the posterior part of the head. The prominence, at its upper and lateral part, gives attachment to the tendon of the Biceps femoris and to the fibular collateral ligament of the knee-joint, the ligament dividing the tendon into two parts. The remaining part of the circumference of the head is rough, for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. It presents in front a tubercle for the origin of the upper and anterior fibers of the PeronC&us longus, and a surface for the attachment of the anterior ligament of the head; and behind, another tubercle, for the attachment of the posterior ligament of the head and the origin of the upper fibers of the Soleus[Wikipedia:Head_of_fibula]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008777
name: hypaxial musclulature
namespace: uberon
def: "trunk muscles that lie ventral to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Epaxial_and_Hypaxial_muscles]
synonym: "hypaxial muscle" RELATED [XAO:0003228]
xref: AAO:0000228
xref: XAO:0003228
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004479  ! musculature of trunk
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003895 ! hypaxial myotome region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001774 ! muscle of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003895 ! hypaxial myotome region
property_value: external_definition "Trunk muscle that lies ventral to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008778
name: epaxial musclulature
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Epaxial_and_Hypaxial_muscles]
synonym: "epaxial muscle" EXACT [XAO:0003229]
xref: AAO:0000142
xref: XAO:0003229
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004479  ! musculature of trunk
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003900 ! epaxial myotome region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001774 ! muscle of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0001015  ! musculature
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003900 ! epaxial myotome region
property_value: external_definition "Trunk muscles that lies dorsal to the horizontal septum.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008779
name: subclavius
namespace: uberon
def: "The Subclavius is a small triangular muscle, placed between the clavicle and the first rib. Along with the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles, the subclavius muscle makes up the anterior wall of the axilla." [Wikipedia:Subclavius_muscle]
synonym: "musculus subclavius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subclavius_muscle]
synonym: "subclavicular muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subclavius_muscle]
xref: FMA:13410
xref: UMLS:C0224348
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Gray411subclavius.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Subclavius
is_a: UBERON:0001495  ! pectoral muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004601 ! rib 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008781
name: blastodisc derived epiblast
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiblast (generic) that develops_from a blastodisc." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: part of blastodisc in BTO; indirect development in ZFA: df DEL df deep blastomere isa blastomere po blastodisc
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
xref: TAO:0000018
xref: ZFA:0000018
is_a: UBERON:0002532  ! epiblast (generic)
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004749 ! blastodisc
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002541 ! germ ring
intersection_of: UBERON:0002532  ! epiblast (generic)
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0004749 ! blastodisc
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:40674
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass embryonic structure (VSAO:0000178) CHANGED TO: develops_from embryonic structure (UBERON:0002050)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass embryonic structure (VSAO:0000178) CHANGED TO: part_of embryonic structure (UBERON:0002050)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008783
name: dorsal venous arch
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal venous arch of the foot is a superficial vein that connects the small saphenous vein and the great saphenous vein. Anatomically, it is defined by where the dorsal veins of the first and fifth digit, respectively, meet the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_venous_arch_of_the_foot]
synonym: "arcus venosus dorsalis pedis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_venous_arch_of_the_foot]
synonym: "dorsal venous arch of foot" EXACT [FMA:44356]
xref: FMA:44356
xref: MA:0002110
xref: SCTID:231189006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Gray581.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008784
name: lower limb segment
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb segment that is part of a hindlimb." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "free lower limb segment" EXACT [FMA:24877]
synonym: "free lower limb subdivision" EXACT [FMA:24877]
synonym: "segment of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24877]
synonym: "subdivision of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24877]
xref: FMA:24877
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008785
name: upper limb segment
namespace: uberon
def: "A limb segment that is part of a forelimb." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "free upper limb segment" EXACT [FMA:24876]
synonym: "free upper limb subdivision" EXACT [FMA:24876]
synonym: "segment of free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24876]
synonym: "subdivision of free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24876]
xref: FMA:24876
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008786
name: third trochanter
namespace: uberon
def: "The upper part of the gluteal tuberosity is often elongated into a roughened crest, on which a more or less well-marked, rounded tubercle, the third trochanter, is occasionally developed." [Wikipedia:Third_trochanter]
synonym: "trochanter tertius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Third_trochanter]
xref: FMA:75824
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Third_trochanter-tweaked.png
is_a: UBERON:0000980  ! trochanter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008787
name: fourth trochanter
namespace: uberon
def: "a knob-like feature on the medial side of the femur that serves as a muscle attachment." [Wikipedia:Fourth_trochanter]
comment: The fourth trochanter first appeared in the Erythrosuchidae, large basal archosaurian predators of the early Triassic period. This seemingly insignificant detail may have made the evolution of dinosaurs possible (all early dinosaurs and many later ones were bipeds), and may also be connected with the ability of the archosaurs or their immediate ancestors to survive the catastrophic Permian-Triassic extinction event[WP].
is_a: UBERON:0000980  ! trochanter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008788
name: posterior cranial fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "The infratentorial compartment that contains the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM. It is formed by the posterior third of the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid (SPHENOID BONE), by the occipital, the petrous, and mastoid portions of the TEMPORAL BONE, and the posterior inferior angle of the PARIETAL BONE." [MESH:A01.456.830.200, Wikipedia:Posterior_cranial_fossa]
synonym: "fossa cranii posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_cranial_fossa]
synonym: "posterior fossa" BROAD [ncithesaurus:Posterior]
xref: FMA:54368
xref: GAID:85
xref: MESH:A01.456.830.200
xref: UMLS:C0010265
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Posterior_fossa.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Fossa
is_a: UBERON:0008789  ! cranial fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008789
name: cranial fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the three large depressions in the posterior, middle, and anterior aspects of the floor of the cranial cavity" [http://mw1.merriam-webster.com/medical/cranial%20fossa]
comment: editor note - todo - review the relationships for this and its subclasses; the relation should be bounded rather than part of, and contains should be used for the brain parts contained by the fossae
is_a: UBERON:0004704  ! bone fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004766 ! cranial bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0004704  ! bone fossa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008790
name: rugal fold
namespace: uberon
def: "a ridge or fold, such as the rugae of the stomach, which are large folds in the mucous membrane of that organ." [Wikipedia:Rugae, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Rugal+folds]
synonym: "ruga" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rugae]
synonym: "rugae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Rugae]
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008791
name: rugal fold of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "A rugal fold that is part of a stomach." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gastric ruga" EXACT [FMA:15106]
synonym: "gastric ruga(e)" RELATED [FMA:15106]
synonym: "gastric rugae" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:15106]
synonym: "ruga of stomach" EXACT [FMA:15106]
xref: FMA:15106
xref: SCTID:268518001
xref: UMLS:C0227199
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Rugae
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008790  ! rugal fold
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0008790  ! rugal fold
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008798
name: rugal fold of vagina
namespace: uberon
def: "A rugal fold that is part of a vagina." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ruga of vagina" EXACT [FMA:19991]
synonym: "vaginal ruga" EXACT [FMA:19991]
xref: FMA:19991
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0008790  ! rugal fold
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004983 ! mucosa of vagina
intersection_of: UBERON:0008790  ! rugal fold
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008799
name: transverse palatine fold
namespace: uberon
def: "a masticatory vestige on the hard palate; one of several irregular, sometimes branching, crests of soft tissue that radiate from the region of the incisive papillae at their most anterior parts and extend a slight distance backward, crossing the hard palate and reaching laterally for variable distances." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/transverse-palatine-fold.html]
comment: note that this class refers to the singular and the FMA class refers to the set. In future this class may be split.
synonym: "palatal rugae" EXACT [MP:0009652]
synonym: "palatine fold" EXACT [FMA:75652]
synonym: "palatine rugae" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:75652]
synonym: "plica palatina transversa" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/transverse-palatine-fold.html]
synonym: "plicae palatinae transversae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75652, FMA:TA]
synonym: "ruga of palate" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "ruga palatina" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/transverse-palatine-fold.html]
synonym: "rugae of palate" EXACT PLURAL [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "rugae palatinae" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:75652, FMA:TA]
synonym: "set of transverse palatine folds" RELATED [FMA:75652]
synonym: "transverse palatine folds" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:75652]
synonym: "transverse palatine folds set" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:75652]
synonym: "transverse palatine ridge" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/transverse-palatine-fold.html]
xref: FMA:75652
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008790  ! rugal fold
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005046 ! mucosa of hard palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0008790  ! rugal fold
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008801
name: parotid gland primordium
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001413
xref: EHDAA:9246
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008803
name: skin of cheek
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a cheek." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cheek skin" EXACT [FMA:24759]
xref: FMA:24759
xref: SCTID:181472009
is_a: UBERON:1000021  ! skin of face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008804
name: stylopharyngeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The stylopharyngeus is a muscle in the head that stretches between the styloid process and the pharynx." [Wikipedia:Stylopharyngeus_muscle]
synonym: "M. stylopharyngeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylopharyngeus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus stylopharyngeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stylopharyngeus_muscle]
synonym: "stylopharyngeus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stylopharyngeus_muscle]
xref: FMA:46664
xref: SCTID:244806000
xref: UMLS:C1522014
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Musculusstylopharyngeus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Stylopharyngeus
is_a: UBERON:0000933  ! pharyngeal muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003831  ! respiratory system muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003960 ! styloid process of temporal bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001649 ! glossopharyngeal nerve
property_value: external_definition "The stylopharyngeus is a pharyngeal arch III muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the n. to stylopharyngeus branch of the glossopharyngeal n.  and attaches to the hyoid apparatus and the pharynx.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008805
name: gingival groove
namespace: uberon
def: "The gingival sulcus is an area of potential space between a tooth and the surrounding gingival tissue and is lined by sulcular epithelium. The depth of the sulcus (Latin for groove) is bounded by two entities: apically by the gingival fibers of the connective tissue attachment and coronally by the free gingival margin." [Wikipedia:Gingival_sulcus]
synonym: "gingival sulcus" EXACT [FMA:74580]
synonym: "sulcus gingivalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Gingival_sulcus]
xref: FMA:74580
xref: SCTID:245753001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gingival_sulcus.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva
intersection_of: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008806
name: buccal funnel
namespace: uberon
synonym: "suctorial disc" EXACT []
synonym: "suctorial disk" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000166  ! oral opening

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008809
name: foramina of scarpa
namespace: uberon
def: "In the maxilla, occasionally two additional canals are present in the middle line of the palatine process; they are termed the foramina of Scarpa, and when present transmit the nasopalatine nerves, the left passing through the anterior, and the right through the posterior canal." [Wikipedia:Foramina_of_Scarpa]
synonym: "foramina of scarpa" RELATED [Wikipedia:Foramina_of_Scarpa]
xref: Wikipedia:Foramina_of_Scarpa
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Gray160.png
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005871 ! palatine process of maxilla
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0008810 ! nasopalatine nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008810
name: nasopalatine nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "One branch of the posterior superior nasal branches (trigeminal, maxillary branch), longer and larger than the others, is named the nasopalatine nerve (sometimes called the long sphenopalatine nerve). It enters the nasal cavity through the sphenopalatine foramen, passes across the roof of the nasal cavity below the orifice of the sphenoidal sinus to reach the septum, and then runs obliquely downward and forward between the periosteum and mucous membrane of the lower part of the septum. It descends to the roof of the mouth through the incisive canal and communicates with the corresponding nerve of the opposite side and with the greater palatine nerve. It supplies the palatal structures around the upper central and lateral incisors and the canines (the upper front six teeth). It also furnishes a few filaments to the mucous membrane of the nasal septum. The medial superior posterior nasal branches of maxillary nerve usually branches from the nasopalatine nerve." [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve]
synonym: "Scarpa's nerve" EXACT [FMA:52797]
synonym: "naso-palatine nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve]
synonym: "nasopalatine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve]
synonym: "nasopalatine nerves" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve]
synonym: "nervus nasopalatinus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve]
xref: FMA:52797
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray858.png
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000377 ! maxillary nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008811
name: intromittent organ
namespace: uberon
def: "an external organ of a male organism that is specialized to deliver sperm during copulation. Intromittent organs are found most often in terrestrial species, as most aquatic species fertilize their eggs externally, although there are exceptions[WP]." [Wikipedia:Intromittent_organ]
comment: this is a broad grouping class connecting a number of different analagous organs by their function. We place the insect aedeagus here rather than penis, although this is somewhat arbitrary given the broadness of the current definition
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "aedeagus" NARROW SENSU [FBbt:00004850]
synonym: "penis" NARROW []
xref: AAO:0010255
xref: FBbt:00004850
xref: HAO:0000091
xref: TAO:0002036
xref: TGMA:0000585
is_a: UBERON:0003135  ! male reproductive organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is an external structure of a male organism through which sperm is transferred to a female organism during mating.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008813
name: helicotrema
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the cochlear labyrinth where the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli meet. It is the main component of the cochlear apex. The hair cells in this area best detect low frequency sounds." [Wikipedia:Helicotrema]
synonym: "Scarpa's orifice" EXACT [FMA:61275]
synonym: "apex of cochlea" BROAD [Wikipedia:Cochlea]
synonym: "cochlear apex" BROAD [Wikipedia:Cochlea]
xref: FMA:61275
xref: SCTID:279775003
xref: UMLS:C0229512
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray923.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Helicotrema
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002499 ! cochlear labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008814
name: pharyngeal system
namespace: uberon
def: "A transient embryonic complex that is specific to vertebrates. It comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming: the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear." [GO:0060037, GOC:dph]
synonym: "pharyngeal apparatus" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch region" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000187]
synonym: "pharyngeal arches and clefts" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000187
xref: UMLS:C1519038
xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Apparatus
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008815
name: pharyngeal slit
namespace: uberon
def: "filter-feeding organs found in non-vertebrate chordates (lancelets and tunicates) and hemichordates living in aquatic environments. These repeated segments are controlled by similar developmental mechanisms." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_slit]
comment: Editor/Taxon notes: requires review. Kardong uses the term pharyngeal slit for Chondrichthyans. 'branchial slit' may also be used for aminiote structures?
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008816
name: embryonic head
namespace: uberon
def: "A head that is part of a embryo." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FBbt:00000155
is_a: UBERON:0000033  ! head
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
intersection_of: UBERON:0000033  ! head
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008817
name: thymus primordium endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a thymus primordium." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0007124 ! pharyngeal pouch 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005562 ! thymus primordium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005562 ! thymus primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008818
name: superior mediastinum
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior mediastinum is that portion of the interpleural space which lies between the manubrium sterni in front, and the upper thoracic vertebrae behind." [Wikipedia:Superior_mediastinum]
synonym: "mediastinum superius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_mediastinum]
synonym: "superior mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9827]
xref: FMA:9827
xref: SCTID:362687003
xref: UMLS:C0230147
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Mediastinum
is_a: UBERON:0002224  ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003728 ! mediastinum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008819
name: inferior mediastinum
namespace: uberon
def: "Anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum." [Wikipedia:Inferior_mediastinum]
synonym: "inferior mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9828]
xref: FMA:9828
xref: SCTID:243950006
is_a: UBERON:0002224  ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003728 ! mediastinum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008820
name: anterior mediastinum
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior mediastinum exists only on the left side where the left pleura diverges from the mid-sternal line. It is narrow, above, but widens out a little below." [Wikipedia:Anterior_mediastinum]
synonym: "anterior mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9838]
synonym: "mediastinum anterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_mediastinum]
xref: FMA:9838
xref: SCTID:261048003
xref: UMLS:C0230148
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Mediastinum
is_a: UBERON:0002224  ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008819 ! inferior mediastinum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008821
name: middle mediastinum
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle mediastinum is the broadest part of the interpleural space. It is made up of the pericardial sac and its contents." [Wikipedia:Middle_mediastinum]
synonym: "mediastinum medium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_mediastinum]
synonym: "middle mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9839]
xref: FMA:9839
xref: SCTID:362688008
xref: UMLS:C0230149
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Mediastinum
is_a: UBERON:0002224  ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008819 ! inferior mediastinum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008822
name: posterior mediastinum
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior mediastinum is an irregular triangular space running parallel with the vertebral column." [Wikipedia:Posterior_mediastinum]
synonym: "mediastinum posterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_mediastinum]
synonym: "posterior mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9840]
xref: FMA:9840
xref: SCTID:243957009
xref: UMLS:C0230150
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Mediastinum
is_a: UBERON:0002224  ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008819 ! inferior mediastinum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008823
name: neural tube derived brain
namespace: uberon
def: "A brain that develops_from a neural tube." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: note that a reasoner should automatically classify all the vertebrate ontology brain classes here
synonym: "vertebrate brain" NARROW []
is_a: UBERON:0000489  ! cavitated compound organ
is_a: UBERON:0000955  ! brain
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube
relationship: immediate_transformation_of UBERON:0006238 ! future brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0000955  ! brain
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008824
name: duct of epididymis
namespace: uberon
def: "A duct that is part of a epididymis." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epididymal duct" EXACT [MA:0001735]
synonym: "epididymis duct" EXACT [FMA:18297]
xref: FMA:18297
xref: MA:0001735
xref: SCTID:279623004
xref: UMLS:C0458632
xref: ncithesaurus:Duct_of_the_Epididymis
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005904  ! duct of male reproductive system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008826
name: pulmonary surfactant
namespace: uberon
def: "Secretion produced by Type 2 pulmonary alveolar cell." [FMA:62780]
synonym: "alveolar surfactant" EXACT [FMA:62780]
synonym: "lung surfactant" EXACT [MA:0002534]
xref: FMA:62780
xref: MA:0002534
xref: UMLS:C0034085
xref: ncithesaurus:Lung_Surfactant
is_a: UBERON:0006538  ! respiratory system fluid/secretion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008827
name: forestomach
namespace: uberon
comment: This class is based on the murine structure. Other groups, such as cetaceans, also have a forestomach (which is essentially an enlargement of the esophagus)
synonym: "murine forestomach" RELATED []
xref: MA:0001606
xref: UMLS:C0033745
xref: ncithesaurus:Forestomach
is_a: UBERON:0011954  ! stomach non-glandular region
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0007650 ! esophagogastric junction
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0011953 ! stomach glandular region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
property_value: external_definition "The mouse stomach contains two well-defined areas, a (nonglandular) forestomach and a glandular stomach, which are separated by the limiting ridge (margo plicatus)[http://ctrgenpath.net/static/atlas/mousehistology/Windows/digestive/forestomach.html]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008828
name: presphenoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone in front of the basisphenoid. It is usually a separate bone in the young or fetus, but becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult." [Wikipedia:Ossification_of_sphenoid#Presphenoid, http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Presphenoid+bone]
comment: todo - account for developmental change
synonym: "presphenoidal bone" EXACT [SCTID:95949009]
xref: MA:0001470
xref: SCTID:95949009
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003111 ! sphenoid region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008829
name: cerebellum external granule cell layer
namespace: uberon
def: "transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells[MP]. The granule neurons migrate from the exterior layer to form an inner layer known as the internal granule layer. The external granular layer ceases to exist in the mature cerebellum, leaving only granule cells in the internal granule layer" [MP:0000874, Wikipedia:Anatomy_of_the_cerebellum#Development]
xref: MA:0000994
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_797
is_a: UBERON:0002956  ! granular layer of cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008830
name: cerebellum internal granule cell layer
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0000995
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_790
xref: UMLS:C1708540
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Granular_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0002956  ! granular layer of cerebellar cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008831
name: inner spiral sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "a concavity in the floor of the cochlear duct formed by the overhanging vestibular lip." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/inner-spiral-sulcus.html]
comment: part_of spiral sulcus in MA
synonym: "internal spiral sulcus" EXACT [MA:0001197]
synonym: "sulcus spiralis internus" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/inner-spiral-sulcus.html]
xref: FMA:77850
xref: MA:0001197
is_a: UBERON:0002277  ! spiral sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008832
name: outer spiral sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "a concavity in the outer wall of the cochlear duct between the spiral prominence and the spiral organ." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/outer-spiral-sulcus.html]
comment: part_of spiral sulcus in MA
synonym: "external spiral sulcus" EXACT [MA:0001196]
synonym: "sulcus spiralis externus" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/outer-spiral-sulcus.html]
xref: FMA:77851
xref: MA:0001196
is_a: UBERON:0002277  ! spiral sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008833
name: great auricular nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The great auricular nerve originates from the cervical plexus, composed of branches of spinal nerves C2 and C3. It provides sensory innervation for the skin over parotid gland and mastoid process, and both surfaces of the outer ear." [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve]
comment: todo - check MA grouping; in MA this is part_of pinna - should this be a different relationship?
synonym: "auricular nerve" EXACT [MA:0001232]
synonym: "great auricular" RELATED [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve]
synonym: "greater auricular nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve]
synonym: "nervus auricularis magnus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve]
xref: FMA:6872
xref: MA:0001232
xref: SCTID:181110003
xref: Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray805.png
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0003725 ! cervical plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008835
name: hepatic diverticulum
namespace: uberon
def: "The first morphological sign of the embryonic liver is the formation of the hepatic diverticulum, an out-pocket of thickened ventral foregut epithelium adjacent to the developing heart. The anterior portion of the hepatic diverticulum gives rise to the liver and intrahepatic biliary tree, while the posterior portion forms the gall bladder and extrahepatic bile duct." [Wikipedia:Hepatic_diverticulum, http://www.stembook.org/node/512]
synonym: "diverticulum hepaticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hepatic_diverticulum]
synonym: "liver diverticulum" EXACT [XAO:0000101]
xref: AAO:0011057
xref: EHDAA2:0000740
xref: EHDAA:1530
xref: UMLS:C1512407
xref: XAO:0000101
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Gray1088.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Diverticulum
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
is_a: UBERON:0009497  ! epithelium of foregut-midgut junction
is_a: UBERON:0009854  ! digestive tract diverticulum
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003894 ! liver primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008836
name: liver bud
namespace: uberon
xref: BTO:0001642
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008835 ! hepatic diverticulum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008837
name: palmar/plantar part of autopod
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008838
name: metapodial pad
namespace: uberon
def: "A thick, spongy layer of tissue located under the metacarpal and metatarsal joints of the foot" [ncithesaurus:Footpad]
comment: Editor notes: check synonyms - re footpad
synonym: "foot pad" RELATED []
synonym: "footpad" RELATED []
synonym: "metapodium pad" RELATED []
xref: ncithesaurus:Footpad
is_a: UBERON:0012348  ! autopod pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0012348  ! autopod pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008839
name: palmar pad
namespace: uberon
def: "An autopod pad that is in the metacarpal region" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: note that the EMAPA term refers to the plural
synonym: "metacarpal foot pad" RELATED []
synonym: "metacarpal pad" RELATED []
synonym: "palmar pads" RELATED PLURAL [EMAPA:18489]
xref: EMAPA:18489
is_a: UBERON:0008838  ! metapodial pad
is_a: UBERON:0013622  ! manual autopod pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001519 ! skin of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008878 ! palmar part of manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0008838  ! metapodial pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008840
name: plantar pad
namespace: uberon
def: "An autopod pad that is in the metatarsal region" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "metatarsal foot pad" RELATED []
synonym: "metatarsal pad" RELATED []
synonym: "plantar pads" RELATED PLURAL [EMAPA:18507]
xref: EMAPA:18507
is_a: UBERON:0008838  ! metapodial pad
is_a: UBERON:0013623  ! pedal autopod pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001513 ! skin of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008338 ! plantar part of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0008838  ! metapodial pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region
property_value: external_definition "The canine metatarsal pad is large and heart-shaped, and functions to cushion the foot. The pad is covered by a naked, densely cornified epidermis, which is usually highly pigmented and is the toughest region of the canine skin. The digital cushion or bulk of the foot pad is composed of a subcutaneous adipose tissue, partitioned by reticular, collagenous and elastic fibres. The subcutis of the canine footpads contains sweat glands embedded in the adipose tissue. The ducts of these glands channel through the thick epidermis of the foot pad. The secretions from these glands function as territorial or trail markers[MURDOCH:1334]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008841
name: suspensory ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "A ligament that supports a body part, especially an organ." [Wikipedia:Cooper%27s_ligaments_of_penis]
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008842
name: suspensory ligament of testis
namespace: uberon
def: "The cranial atrophic portion of the urogenital ridge attached to the cranial pole of the intraabdominal embryonic testis" [Wikipedia:Scrotal_ligament, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=49790]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008841  ! suspensory ligament
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000473 ! testis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004876 ! urogenital ridge
intersection_of: UBERON:0008841  ! suspensory ligament
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000473 ! testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008843
name: gubernaculum testis
namespace: uberon
def: "The fetal ligament attached to the inferior end of the epididymis and testis and, at its other end, to the bottom of the scrotum; it is present during, and is thought to guide, the descent of the testis into the scrotum and then atrophies." [BTO:0002813]
comment: The upper part of the gubernaculum degenerates; The lower part persists as the gubernaculum testis (\"scrotal ligament\"). This ligament secures the testis to the most inferior portion of the scrotum, tethering it in place and limiting the degree to which the testis can move within the scrotum[WP]
synonym: "Hunter's gubernaculum" RELATED [BTO:0002813]
xref: BTO:0002813
xref: EMAPA:19089
xref: FMA:20421
xref: SCTID:299983007
is_a: UBERON:0004346  ! gubernaculum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0004346  ! gubernaculum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008844
name: gubernaculum (female)
namespace: uberon
def: "A gubernaculum that is part of a female reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: The upper part of the gubernaculum, together with the ovarian artery and vein form the suspensory ligament of the ovary,[1] which suspends the ovary from the pelvic wall.; The lower gubernaculum has two vestigial remnants in females, the ovarian ligament and the round ligament of the uterus (ligamentum teres uteri) which respectively serve to support the ovaries and uterus in the pelvis
is_a: UBERON:0004346  ! gubernaculum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0004346  ! gubernaculum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008845
name: nonskeletal ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "Ligament organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi which may be admixed with smooth muscle. Examples: ligament of liver, ovarian ligament." [FMA:25625]
synonym: "fibrous ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ligament]
synonym: "non-skeletal ligament" EXACT []
xref: FMA:25625
xref: MA:0003004
xref: SCTID:410746001
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
disjoint_from: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008846
name: skeletal ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "Ligament organ that primarily consists of regular dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi; connects bone and cartilage organs. Examples: sutural ligament, ligament of pinna, tarsal ligament." [FMA:25624, Wikipedia:Ligament#Articular_ligaments]
comment: Editor notes: logical definition deliberately made strict to avoid classifying MA:spiral ligament as both nonskeletal and skeletal. see https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&atid=1205376
synonym: "articular larua" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ligament]
synonym: "articular ligament" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ligament]
synonym: "ligament" BROAD [VSAO:0000072, ZFA:0001675]
synonym: "true ligament" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ligament]
xref: AAO:0010444
xref: AEO:0000090
xref: EHDAA2:0003232
xref: EV:0100144
xref: FMA:25624
xref: GAID:118
xref: MA:0003005
xref: SCTID:410744003
xref: VSAO:0000072
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg/200px-Knee_diagram.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
relationship: connects UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008848
name: cranial suspensory ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "Connects the cranial tip of the future gonad to the dorsocranial abdominal cavity." []
comment: todo - check - add cranial ovarian susp ligaments
xref: EMAPA:30068
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0008841  ! suspensory ligament
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008852
name: visceral yolk sac
namespace: uberon
def: "extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo; the yolk that it contains is the site of embryonic hematopoiesis and vitelline circulation is involved in early embryonic circulation; it is the origin of the primordial germ cells" [MP:0001718]
comment: TODO - check
synonym: "secondary yolk sac" EXACT [MP:0001718]
synonym: "umbilical vesicle" EXACT [MP:0001718]
synonym: "vitelline sac" EXACT [MP:0001718]
synonym: "yolk sac" BROAD [MP:0001718]
is_a: UBERON:0001040  ! yolk sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008853
name: parietal yolk sac
namespace: uberon
def: "tissue that consists of two cellular layers (parietal endoderm and trophoblast) separated by a relatively thick nonvascular basement membrane (Reichert's membrane), and acts as a protective layer to supports and facilitates transport of nutrients between the uterine tissue and the yolk sac cavity." [MP:0011203, PMID:1150659, PMID:21123814]
synonym: "primary yolk sac" EXACT [MP:0011203]
xref: EHDAA2:0003237
is_a: UBERON:0001040  ! yolk sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008854
name: root of molar tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "the part of a molar tooth that is implanted in the gum; mandibular and maxillary molars usually have two and three roots, respectively." [MP:0011165]
synonym: "molar root" EXACT [FMA:85302]
synonym: "molar tooth root" EXACT [FMA:85302]
xref: FMA:85302
is_a: UBERON:0003677  ! tooth root
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth
intersection_of: UBERON:0003677  ! tooth root
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008856
name: stomach muscularis externa
namespace: uberon
def: "the smooth muscle layer of the stomach wall that functions to churn and mix food and gastric secretions as well as to move food along the digestive tract to the intestines" [MP:0010779]
synonym: "gastric muscularis" EXACT [FMA:14909]
synonym: "muscle layer of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14909]
synonym: "muscularis externa of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14909]
synonym: "tunica muscularis (gaster)" EXACT [FMA:14909]
synonym: "tunica muscularis gastris" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14909
xref: SCTID:362132003
is_a: UBERON:0004222  ! stomach smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008857
name: stomach smooth muscle circular layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the middle layer of the muscularis; it is continuous with the circular layer of the esophagus, but is absent in the fundus and lies concentric to the longitudinal axis of the stomach; the circular layer is normally tonically constricted forming a functional pyloric sphincter, which controls the movement of chyme into the duodenum" [MP:0010780]
comment: todo - check
synonym: "circular layer of gastric muscularis" EXACT [FMA:14911]
synonym: "circular muscle layer of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14911]
synonym: "stratum circulare (tunica muscularis)(gaster)" EXACT [FMA:14911]
synonym: "stratum circulare gastris" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14911
xref: MA:0001628
xref: SCTID:2746007
is_a: UBERON:0004222  ! stomach smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
is_a: UBERON:0012368  ! circular muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008856 ! stomach muscularis externa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008858
name: pyloric canal
namespace: uberon
def: "the short narrow part of the stomach extending from the pyloric antrum to the pyloric sphincter" [MP:0010791, Wikipedia:Pyloric_canal]
synonym: "canalis pyloricus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Pyloric_canal]
xref: FMA:14580
xref: SCTID:245417002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Illu_stomach.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0009870  ! zone of stomach
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001202 ! pyloric sphincter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008860
name: intermediate gastric gland
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the branched tubular glands in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach that secrete most of the digestive substances secreted by the stomach" [MP:0010796]
comment: check me
is_a: UBERON:0010038  ! fundic gastric gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008861
name: pyloric gastric gland
namespace: uberon
def: "the gastric glands in the pyloric region of the stomach; the pyloric glands secrete mucin, which coats the stomach and protects it, and hormones such as gastrin and enkephalin[MP]." [MP:0010797, Wikipedia:Pyloric_gland]
comment: Editors note: check relationship to pylorus vs antrum
synonym: "glandula pylorica" EXACT [FMA:14922]
synonym: "pyloric antrum gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pyloric gland" EXACT [FMA:14922]
xref: FMA:14922
xref: SCTID:70710007
xref: UMLS:C0227239
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Gray1054.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pyloric_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0000325  ! gastric gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004998 ! mucosa of pylorus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000325  ! gastric gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008862
name: stomach smooth muscle inner oblique layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the innermost layer of the muscularis; it is not present in all sections of the stomach but is clearly seen in the fundus and near the lesser curvature of the corpus; the oblique fibers disappear distally (towards the pyloric antrum); the oblique layer is responsible for creating the motion that churns and physically breaks down the food" [MP:0010804]
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008856 ! stomach muscularis externa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008863
name: stomach smooth muscle outer longitudinal layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the most superficial layer of the muscularis; it has two sections, a longitudinal layer that is common with the esophagus and ends in the corpus, and a longitudinal layer that originates in the corpus and spreads into the duodenum" [MP:0010805]
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
is_a: UBERON:0012369  ! longitudinal muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008856 ! stomach muscularis externa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008866
name: enamel knot
namespace: uberon
def: "a transient cluster of cells in the central part of the dental epithelium facing the dental mesenchyme, which acts as an organizing center, providing positional information for tooth morphogenesis and regulating the growth of tooth cusps" [MP:0010864]
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003843 ! dental epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008867
name: trabecular network of bone
namespace: uberon
def: "the network of intersecting plates and spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with blood vessels and marrow; in mature bone, the trabeculae are aligned in parallel with the lines of major compressive or tensile force" [MP:0010867]
comment: Editor note: consider revision - we have 3 classes, the tissue itself, the network, and the spaces.
synonym: "bone trabecula" RELATED [MP:0010867]
synonym: "bone trabeculae" RELATED [MP:0010867]
xref: MP:0010867
xref: UMLS:C2826619
xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_Trabeculae
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002483 ! trabecular bone tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008874
name: pulmonary acinus
namespace: uberon
def: "the part of the airway consisting of a respiratory bronchiole and all of its branches" [MP:0010911, Wikipedia:Acinus#The_Lungs]
synonym: "primary pulmonary lobule" EXACT [FMA:7313]
xref: FMA:7313
xref: SCTID:361365004
xref: UMLS:C0225696
xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Acinus
is_a: UBERON:0010368  ! pulmonary lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008875
name: hypodermis fat layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the superficial portion of the subcutaneous tissue which is specialized for fat storage" [MP:0011156]
is_a: UBERON:0002190  ! subcutaneous adipose tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008876
name: hypodermis muscle layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the skeletal muscle layer in the superficial fascia" [MP:0011157]
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002190 ! subcutaneous adipose tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008877
name: epidermal-dermal junction
namespace: uberon
def: "the multi-layer basement membrane between the dermis and epidermis that serves to adhere the dermis and epidermis, provide mechanical support for the epidermis, and forms a barrier to cells and large molecules across the junction" [MP:0011159]
synonym: "dermal-epidermal junction" EXACT [FMA:70963]
synonym: "dermo-epidermal junction" EXACT []
synonym: "dermoepidermal junction" EXACT [FMA:70963]
synonym: "epidermal dermol junction" EXACT []
xref: FMA:70963
xref: SCTID:51025007
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008878
name: palmar part of manus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "front of hand" EXACT [FMA:24920]
synonym: "palm" EXACT [FMA:24920]
synonym: "palm of hand" EXACT [FMA:24920]
synonym: "palmar region" EXACT [FMA:24920]
synonym: "regio palmaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:24920
xref: UMLS:C0931849
xref: galen:Palm
xref: ncithesaurus:Palmar_Region
is_a: UBERON:0005451  ! segment of manus
is_a: UBERON:0008837  ! palmar/plantar part of autopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008881
name: rostral migratory stream
namespace: uberon
def: "Unique telencephalic subventricular zones that extend from the lateral ventricles into the olfactory bulbs. Newly produced GABAergic interneurons migrate along the RMS and settle in the bulb[NIF]. In rodents, the anterior region of the SVZ produces neuroblasts that migrate in chain toward the olfactory bulb along the so-called rostral migratory stream (RMS)[BTO]. the transient structure formed by neurons migrating from the subventricular zone into the olfactory bulbs[MP] The rostral migratory stream (RMS) or rostral migratory pathway is a pathway, found in the brain of some animals, along which neuronal precursors that originated in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain migrate to reach the main olfactory bulb, where they differentiate into interneurons. Neurogenesis has been shown to occur in the SVZ into adulthood[WP]" []
synonym: "RMS" RELATED ABBREVIATION [BTO:0003412]
synonym: "rostral migratory pathway" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rostral_migratory_stream]
xref: BTO:0003412
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1702
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: connects UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
relationship: connects UBERON:0004922 ! postnatal subventricular zone
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008882
name: spinal cord commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "The nerve fiber tracts that span the midline of the spinal cord" [MP:0009694]
is_a: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure
is_a: UBERON:0007699  ! tract of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008883
name: osteoid
namespace: uberon
def: "Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue" [VSAO:0000046, Wikipedia:Osteoid]
comment: AO notes: Note that in VSAO this was classified both as tissue and acellular extracellular matrix. Consider also the AEO class 'bone condensation'. is_a intercellular matrix in FMA.
synonym: "pre-bone" EXACT [PSPUB:0000170]
synonym: "prebone" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "prebone tissue" EXACT [FMA:66830]
xref: FMA:66830
xref: SCTID:39365008
xref: UMLS:C0682561
xref: VSAO:0000046
xref: XAO:0004035
xref: galen:Osteoid
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Active_osteoblasts.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Osteoid
is_a: UBERON:0002481  ! bone tissue
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass proteinaceous extracellular matrix (VSAO:0000021)[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008884
name: left putamen
namespace: uberon
def: "A putamen that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72829
is_a: UBERON:0001874  ! putamen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: UBERON:0001874  ! putamen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008885
name: right putamen
namespace: uberon
def: "A putamen that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:72828
is_a: UBERON:0001874  ! putamen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: UBERON:0001874  ! putamen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008886
name: pulmonary vascular system
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all pulmonary arteries and all pulmonary veins." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_circulation]
synonym: "pulmonary  system" EXACT [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "pulmonary circulatory system" EXACT [FMA:45621]
xref: FMA:45621
is_a: UBERON:0007798  ! vascular system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system
property_value: external_definition "Subdivision of cardiovascular system which has as its parts the pulmonary arterial and venous tree organs.[FMA]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008887
name: rectal venous plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The hemorrhoidal plexus (or rectal venous plexus) surrounds the rectum, and communicates in front with the vesical venous plexus in the male, and the uterovaginal plexus in the female. A free communication between the portal and systemic venous systems is established through the hemorrhoidal plexus." [Wikipedia:Rectal_venous_plexus]
synonym: "haemorrhoidal plexus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectal_venous_plexus]
synonym: "hemorrhoidal plexus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectal_venous_plexus]
synonym: "plexus venosus rectalis, plexus haemorrhoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectal_venous_plexus]
xref: FMA:18933
xref: SCTID:303051005
xref: UMLS:C0226766
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Gray587.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Hemorrhoidal_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0001593  ! venous plexus
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001593  ! venous plexus
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0001052 ! rectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008888
name: vesical venous plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The vesical plexus envelops the lower part of the bladder and the base of the prostate and communicates with the pudendal and prostatic plexuses. It is drained, by means of several vesical veins, into the hypogastric veins." [Wikipedia:Vesical_venous_plexus]
synonym: "plexus venosus vesicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vesical_venous_plexus]
xref: FMA:18934
xref: SCTID:31510008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png
is_a: UBERON:0001593  ! venous plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008889
name: uterine venous plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The uterine plexuses lie along the sides and superior angles of the uterus between the two layers of the broad ligament, and communicate with the ovarian and vaginal plexuses. They are drained by a pair of uterine veins on either side: these arise from the lower part of the plexuses, opposite the external orifice of the uterus, and open into the corresponding hypogastric vein." [Wikipedia:Uterine_venous_plexus]
synonym: "plexus venosus uterinus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uterine_venous_plexus]
synonym: "uterine plexus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Uterine_venous_plexus]
xref: FMA:29712
xref: SCTID:294553007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray589.png
is_a: UBERON:0001593  ! venous plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008891
name: external gill
namespace: uberon
def: "External gills are the gills of an animal, most typically an amphibian, that are exposed to the environment, rather than set inside the pharynx and covered by gill slits, as they are in most fishes[BTO]." [BTO:0004689, Wikipedia:External_gills]
xref: AAO:0010174
xref: BTO:0004689
xref: XAO:0000120
is_a: UBERON:0002535  ! gill
property_value: external_definition "External gills are the gills of an animal, most typically an amphibian, that are exposed to the environment, rather than set inside the pharynx and covered by gill slits, as they are in most fishes. Instead, the respiratory organs are set on a frill of stalks protruding from the sides of an animals head. This type of gill is most commonly observed on the aquatic larva of most species of salamanders, lungfish, and bichirs (which have only one large pair), and are retained by neotenic adult salamanders and some species of adult lungfish. They are present on non-transforming salamander species such as the mudpuppy, as well as most members of the Proteidae and Sirenidae families, which naturally never metamorphose into an air-breathing form. The embryos of frogs and caecilians also develop external gills at some point in their development, though these are either resorbed before or disappear shortly after hatching. Fossils of the distant relatives of modern amphibians, such as Branchiosaurus and Apateon, also show evidence of external gills. The external gills commonly consist of a single stalk (rami) protruding from a gill arch behind the head of the animal, above an associated gill slit. The stalk usually contains muscle tissue, and may be moved by the animal as a free appendage, in order to stir up stagnant water. The stalk is lined by many thinly walled filaments (fimbriae), containing the majority of blood vessels used in gas exchange. Animals usually have one external gill originating on each gill arch (except the hyoid), which leads to there being three pairs of external gills in salamanders, and four in the gilled larvae of lungfish[Wikipedia:External_gills]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008892
name: internal gill
namespace: uberon
xref: AAO:0010176
is_a: UBERON:0002535  ! gill

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008894
name: gill precursor
namespace: uberon
def: "A primordium or bud that develops into a gill." []
synonym: "gill primordium" EXACT [XAO:0000448]
synonym: "internal gill bud" EXACT [ZFA:0001107]
xref: TAO:0001107
xref: XAO:0000448
xref: ZFA:0001107
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008895
name: splanchnocranium
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of endoskeleton derived from pharyngeal arches" [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton]
comment: AO notes: VSAO labels this term 'pharyngeal arch' (2012-06-01) - however, it clearly means pharyngeal arch skeleton. Editor/AO notes: many sources define this as the part of the endoskeletal that is from pharyngeal arches - this would make it part-disjoint from dermatocranium. However, there are many bones in AOs that have part-paths to both
synonym: "branchial arch skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "gill arch skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0000149]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch skeleton" RELATED [ZFA:0001216]
synonym: "pharyngeal skeleton" RELATED [ZFA:0001216]
synonym: "visceral skeleton" RELATED [UBERONREF:0000007]
synonym: "viscerocranium" EXACT INCONSISTENT [VHOG:0000315, Wikipedia:Viscerocranium, ZFA:0001216]
xref: AAO:0010157
xref: TAO:0001216
xref: VHOG:0000315
xref: VSAO:0000149
xref: XAO:0003176
xref: ZFA:0001216
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg/200px-Illu_facial_bones.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011159  ! primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003099 ! cranial neural crest
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011156  ! facial skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid and branchial arches.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid, and branchial arches.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The part of the skull derived from the embryonic pharyngeal arches. [Biology_Online][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The skull of ancestral tetrapods has the three basic components that we have been considering: (1) chondrocranium, (2) splanchnocranium, and (3) dermatocranium (reference 1); Each part of the skull arises from a separate phylogenetic source. The most ancient part is the splanchnocranium (visceral cranium), which first arose to support pharyngeal slits in protochordates (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008896
name: post-hyoid pharyngeal arch
namespace: uberon
def: "A pharyngeal arch that is posterior to the hyoid arch. i.e. any pharyngeal arch with a number 3 or higher." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "branchial arch" EXACT [ZFA:0001613]
synonym: "branchial arches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001613]
synonym: "branchial bar" EXACT [ZFA:0001613]
synonym: "branchial bars" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001613]
synonym: "gill arch" EXACT [ZFA:0001613]
synonym: "gill arches 1-5" EXACT [ZFA:0001613]
synonym: "gill bar" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 3-7" EXACT [ZFA:0001613]
synonym: "visceral arches 3-7" EXACT [ZFA:0001613]
xref: AAO:0010362
xref: BTO:0002152
xref: EFO:0003694
xref: SCTID:308766004
xref: TAO:0001597
xref: XAO:0000099
xref: ZFA:0001613
is_a: UBERON:0002539  ! pharyngeal arch
property_value: external_definition "Posterior-most stream of cranial neural crest, which sub-divides during migration.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008897
name: fin
namespace: uberon
def: "An external projection of an aquatic animal as a fish used in propelling or guiding the body[BTO]." [BTO:0004649, Wikipedia:Fin]
comment: This class groups together various structures that may have arisen through convergent evolution, including, for example, the dorsal fin of a cetacean
xref: AAO:0010374
xref: AEO:0001004
xref: BTO:0004649
xref: EFO:0000875
xref: MAT:0000087
xref: MESH:A13.077
xref: MIAA:0000087
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjcBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:73003005
xref: TAO:0000108
xref: VSAO:0000099
xref: XAO:0000002
xref: ZFA:0000108
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
property_value: external_definition "Surface structure involved in locomotion.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Surface structure involved in locomotion.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008902
name: lateral recess of third vetricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Lateral protrusion of the third ventricle." [ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "lateral recess" BROAD PLURAL [ZFA:0000231]
synonym: "lateral recess of diencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-091221-27]
xref: TAO:0000231
xref: ZFA:0000231
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008904
name: neuromast
namespace: uberon
def: "Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for <a href='http://zfin.org/zf_info/anatomy/dict/lat_line/lat_line.html'>lateral line</a> by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]
synonym: "cyatocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000243]
synonym: "lateral line neuromast" EXACT [ZFA:0000243]
synonym: "lateral line organ" EXACT [ZFA:0000243]
synonym: "neuromaste superficiel@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000243]
synonym: "neuromasts" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000243]
xref: AAO:0001004
xref: EFO:0003513
xref: TAO:0000243
xref: ZFA:0000243
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass lateral line receptor (AAO:0010705)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Type of mechanoreceptive organ of the lateral line which are arranged in lines on the body surface. These organs are constituted by hair cells and supporting cells and it is located in the epidermis with its hair cells exposed to the surface. Absent in some caecilians. These receptors receive afferent and efferent innervations.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008906
name: lateral line nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerves that carry afferent and efferent fibers for the lateral line system." [ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "lateral line nerves" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001479]
xref: AAO:0010077
xref: TAO:0001479
xref: ZFA:0001479
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009128 ! lateral line placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: innervates lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of_proxy lateral line system (AAO:0000975) CHANGED TO: part_of lateral line system (UBERON:0002540)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Any of the sensory nerves that innervate mechano- and electroreceptors of the lateral line system. The lateral line nerves may be separated in two components, anterior and posterior, in relation to the position of its roots with respect to the otic capsule. These nerves develop from lateral line placodes.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008907
name: dermal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal element that forms superficially in the organism, usually in association with the ectoderm[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000130, VSAO:curator, Wikipedia:Dermal_bone]
comment: Note that other AOs are not yet in sync with this classification
xref: AAO:0010769
xref: TAO:0001590
xref: VSAO:0000130
xref: XAO:0004015
xref: ZFA:0001590
is_a: UBERON:0007842  ! membrane bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010364 ! dermal skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0007842  ! membrane bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010364 ! dermal skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Intramembranous bone that forms superficially in the organism.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008909
name: perichordal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Bone element that is adjacent to the notochord." [VSAO:0000307]
comment: Editor notes: We go with the latest VSAO in making this a subtype of bone, and add a logical definition based on the textual definition in VSAO. We also include the subtyping under 'replacement bone', for consistency with ZFA
synonym: "perichordal bone" RELATED [ZFA:0001629]
synonym: "perichordal bones" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001629]
xref: AAO:0010777
xref: TAO:0001639
xref: VSAO:0000307
xref: ZFA:0001629
is_a: UBERON:0012075  ! replacement bone
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002328 ! notochord
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002328 ! notochord
disjoint_from: UBERON:0008913  ! perichondral bone
property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that forms within the connective tissue surrounding the notochord.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008911
name: chondral bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Replacement bone that forms within or surrounding a cartilaginous skeletal element." [zfin:curator]
comment: This class was introduced to be consistent with the ZFA hierarchy. The term was never introduced into VSAO.
xref: AAO:0010774
xref: ZFA:0001693
is_a: UBERON:0012075  ! replacement bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008913
name: perichondral bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Bone element that is located on the surface of a cartilage element." [VSAO:0000308]
comment: include the subtyping under 'replacement bone', for consistency with ZFA, but VSAO does not include this intermediate class
synonym: "perichondral bone" RELATED [ZFA:0001630]
synonym: "perichondral bones" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001630]
xref: AAO:0010779
xref: TAO:0001638
xref: VSAO:0000308
xref: ZFA:0001630
is_a: UBERON:0007842  ! membrane bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002222 ! perichondrium
property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that forms within the connective tissue surrounding cartilage.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008915
name: pore
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space that is an opening, usually at the end of a canal or duct, on the surface of the integument or the lining of an internal anatomical space." [TAO:curator]
xref: AAO:0010441
xref: TAO:0001791
xref: UMLS:C1325742
xref: ZFA:0005449
xref: ncithesaurus:Pore
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008917
name: ampullary organ
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ that consists of receptor cells located within an epidermal invagination and functions as an electroreceptor." [TAO:wd]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "ampullary electroreceptor organ" EXACT [TAO:0002104]
xref: AAO:0001006
xref: TAO:0002104
is_a: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010521  ! electroreceptor organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "An electroreceptor consisting of receptor cells sunk into the epidermis or located in an epidermal cavity opening to the surface through a duct and pore. It can detect weak electric currents generated by other animals.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008918
name: ampulla of Lorenzini
namespace: uberon
def: "The ampullae of Lorenzini are special sensing organs called electroreceptors, forming a network of jelly-filled pores... Each ampulla consists of a jelly-filled canal opening to the surface by a pore in the skin and ending blindly in a cluster of small pockets full of special jelly. The ampullae are mostly clustered into groups inside the body, each cluster having ampullae connecting with different parts of the skin, but preserving a left-right symmetry. The canal lengths vary from animal to animal, but the distribution of the pores is generally specific to each species. The ampullae pores are plainly visible as dark spots in the skin. They provide fish with a sixth sense capable of detecting electromagnetic fields as well as temperature gradients[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ampullae_of_Lorenzini]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "ampullae of Lorenzini" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Ampullae_of_Lorenzini]
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Electroreceptors_in_a_sharks_head.svg
is_a: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010521  ! electroreceptor organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008919
name: obsolete mesenchyme from somatopleure
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008920
name: obsolete mesenchyme from splanchnopleure
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
replaced_by: UBERON:0010378  ! mesenchyme from splanchnopleure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008921
name: substratum of layer of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "." [UBERON:CL_meeting_20110725, http://retina.anatomy.upenn.edu/~lance/eye/retina_gross.html]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008922
name: sublaminar layer S1
namespace: uberon
def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the inner nuclear layer and comprises 20 percent of the inner plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm]
xref: CP:0000113
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008927 ! sublaminar layers S1 or S2
intersection_of: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008923
name: sublaminar layer S2
namespace: uberon
def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the S1 and S3 layers and comprises 20 percent of the inner plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm]
xref: CP:0000114
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008927 ! sublaminar layers S1 or S2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008928 ! sublaminar layers S2 or S3
intersection_of: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008924
name: sublaminar layer S3
namespace: uberon
def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the S2 and S4 layers and comprises 20 percent of the inner plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm]
xref: CP:0000115
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008928 ! sublaminar layers S2 or S3
intersection_of: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008925
name: sublaminar layer S4
namespace: uberon
def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the S3 and S5 layer and comprises 20 percent of the inner plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm]
xref: CP:0000116
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008929 ! sublaminar layers S4 or S5
intersection_of: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008926
name: sublaminar layer S5
namespace: uberon
def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the retinal ganglion cell layer and comprises 20 percent of the ganglion plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm]
xref: CP:0000117
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 ! ganglionic layer of retina
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008929 ! sublaminar layers S4 or S5
intersection_of: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 ! ganglionic layer of retina
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008927
name: sublaminar layers S1 or S2
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S1 or S2." [GOC:tfm]
xref: CP:0000118
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008922  ! sublaminar layer S1
union_of: UBERON:0008923  ! sublaminar layer S2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008928
name: sublaminar layers S2 or S3
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S2 or S3." [GOC:tfm]
xref: CP:0000119
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008923  ! sublaminar layer S2
union_of: UBERON:0008924  ! sublaminar layer S3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008929
name: sublaminar layers S4 or S5
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S4 or S5." [GOC:tfm]
xref: CP:0000120
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008925  ! sublaminar layer S4
union_of: UBERON:0008926  ! sublaminar layer S5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008942
name: gastropod cerebral ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "The cerebral ganglia are primarily sensual centres, that compute information from the eyes as well as from the tactile and position sensors (statocystes). Besides coordination they also serve the locational memory of a snail." [BTO:0001843]
synonym: "cerebral ganglion" EXACT [BTO:0001843]
xref: BTO:0001843
is_a: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008943
name: headfoot
namespace: uberon
def: "The head-foot is the part you see most easily in slugs and snails. It is mostly a muscular organ covered in cilia and rich in mucous cells, which the mollusc uses to move around, it normally tapers to a tail at one end and has a head incorporated in the front. The head includes a mouth, eyes and tentacles, the last two may be much reduced or even absent. In those species with shells the head-foot can be drawn into the shell." [BTO:0003509]
xref: BTO:0003509
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008944
name: albumen
namespace: uberon
def: "Albumen is the clear liquid contained within an egg and consists of water and proteins, among which are ovomucin and ovomucoid. It protects the egg yolk and provides additional nutrition for the growth of the embryo." [GO:0097099, Wikipedia:Albumen, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3357613&group_id=36855&atid=440764]
synonym: "egg white" EXACT [GO:0097099]
xref: GO:0097099
xref: ncithesaurus:Egg_White
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007379 ! egg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008945
name: extraembryonic endoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An extraembryonic epithelium that is formed by the delaminated cells of the primitive endoderm (hypoblast) that goes on to form the yolk sac. In mammals, as in avians, these cells do not produce any part of the newborn organism (i.e. they are extraembryonic)" [ISBN:9780878932504, UBERON:cjm, http://www.ana.ed.ac.uk/database/humat/notes/extraemb/mesoder.htm]
comment: The origin of extraembryonic endoderm is a highly controversial issue // forms the yolk sac (Gilbert)
xref: EHDAA2:0000473
xref: EHDAA:105
xref: EMAPA:16052
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005292  ! extraembryonic tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008946
name: lung parenchyma
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory portion of lung" EXACT [FMA:27360]
xref: FMA:27360
xref: SCTID:201712001
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008947
name: respiratory primordium
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004069
xref: UMLS:C1514898
xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_Primordium
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003258 ! endoderm of foregut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008948
name: upper lobe of lung
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobe of the lung that is closest to the head." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor notes: the logical definition must have a clause stating position relative to a lower lobe, otherwise a single lobed side (such as the left lobe in the mouse) trivially classifies as an upper lobe
synonym: "cranial lobe of lung" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lobus superior" EXACT [FMA:7334]
synonym: "lobus superior pulmonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "superior lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7334]
xref: FMA:7334
xref: SCTID:303548008
xref: UMLS:C0225756
xref: galen:UpperLobeOfLung
xref: ncithesaurus:Lung_Upper_Lobe
is_a: UBERON:0000101  ! lobe of lung
relationship: anterior_part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0008949 ! lower lobe of lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0000101  ! lobe of lung
intersection_of: anterior_part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: anterior_to UBERON:0008949 ! lower lobe of lung
disjoint_from: UBERON:0008955  ! middle lobe of lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008949
name: lower lobe of lung
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: defining lobes spatially across species
synonym: "inferior lobe of lung" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lobus inferior" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lobus inferior pulmonis" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:7335
xref: SCTID:303549000
xref: UMLS:C0225758
xref: galen:LowerLobeOfLung
xref: ncithesaurus:Lung_Lower_Lobe
is_a: UBERON:0000101  ! lobe of lung
relationship: posterior_part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
disjoint_from: UBERON:0008955  ! middle lobe of lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008950
name: azygous lobe of lung
namespace: uberon
def: "The azygous lobe of the lung is an accessory lobe of the right lung. It is rare and usually associated with an abnormality of the azygous vein. It is produced by an aberrant position of the azygous vein near the hilum of the lung. It divides the right superior lobe near the apex of the lung down to the hilum in roughly the median plane. The fissure created, the meso-azygous fissure, is lined by both visceral and parietal pleura. The lobe lies superomedial to the fissure." [http://www.e-radiography.net/radpath/a/azygoslobe.htm, http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk]
is_a: UBERON:0004890  ! right lung accessory lobe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008951
name: left lung lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobe of lung that is part of a left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Taxon notes: 1 in mice, divided into 2 in human by a single interlobar fissure, the oblqiue fissure [ISBN-10:0123813611]
synonym: "lobe of left lung" EXACT []
synonym: "lobe of the left lung" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA:2981
xref: SCTID:272655003
xref: UMLS:C1285107
xref: ncithesaurus:Lobe_of_the_Left_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0000101  ! lobe of lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0000101  ! lobe of lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008952
name: upper lobe of left lung
namespace: uberon
def: "The lobe of the left lung that is closest to the head." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "left lung cranial lobe" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000953]
synonym: "left upper lobe" EXACT [FMA:7370]
synonym: "left upper lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7370]
synonym: "lobus superior pulmonis sinistri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "superior lobe of left lung" EXACT [FMA:7370]
xref: EHDAA2:0000953
xref: EHDAA:4957
xref: FMA:7370
xref: SCTID:361984006
xref: UMLS:C1261076
xref: galen:UpperLobeOfLeftLung
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Lobe_of_the_Left_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0008948  ! upper lobe of lung
is_a: UBERON:0008951  ! left lung lobe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0008948  ! upper lobe of lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10088

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008953
name: lower lobe of left lung
namespace: uberon
def: "A lower lobe of lung that is part of a left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "inferior lobe of left lung" EXACT [FMA:7371]
synonym: "left lower lobe" EXACT [FMA:7371]
synonym: "left lower lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7371]
synonym: "left lung caudal lobe" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000945]
synonym: "lobus inferior (pulmo sinister)" EXACT [FMA:7371]
synonym: "lobus inferior pulmonis sinistri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: EHDAA2:0000945
xref: EHDAA:4949
xref: FMA:7371
xref: SCTID:361989001
xref: UMLS:C1261077
xref: galen:LowerLobeOfLeftLung
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Lobe_of_the_Left_Lung
is_a: UBERON:0008949  ! lower lobe of lung
is_a: UBERON:0008951  ! left lung lobe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0008949  ! lower lobe of lung
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10088

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008954
name: lingula of left lung
namespace: uberon
def: "Anterioinferior portion of left upper lung lobe" [ISBN-10:0123813611, Wikipedia:Lingula_of_left_lung]
comment: the lingula of the left lung in humans is not normally considered a true lobe. AO notes: in Galen, it is a middle lobe
synonym: "left pulmonary lingula" EXACT [FMA:7433]
synonym: "lingula of lung" EXACT [FMA:7433]
synonym: "lingula of the lung" EXACT []
synonym: "middle lobe of left lung" RELATED [galen:MiddleLobeOfLeftLung]
xref: FMA:7433
xref: SCTID:184916009
xref: UMLS:C0225740
xref: galen:MiddleLobeOfLeftLung
xref: ncithesaurus:Lingula
is_a: UBERON:0000072  ! segment of respiratory tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008952 ! upper lobe of left lung
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10088

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008955
name: middle lobe of lung
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobe of the lung that is situated somewhere between an upper lobe and lower lobe." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Taxon notes: mice have 4 right lobes (5 in some schemes), humans have 2, and thus no middle lobe (the lingula is not a lobe)
synonym: "lung middle lobe" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:362900002
xref: galen:MiddleLobeOfLung
is_a: UBERON:0000101  ! lobe of lung
relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0008949 ! lower lobe of lung
relationship: posterior_to UBERON:0008948 ! upper lobe of lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008956
name: involucrum
namespace: uberon
def: "a layer of new bone growth outside existing bone seen in pyogenic osteomyelitis. It results from the stripping off of the periosteum by the accumulation of pus within the bone, and new bone growing from the periosteum." [Wikipedia:Involucrum]
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008957
name: sequestrum
namespace: uberon
def: "a piece of dead bone that has become separated during the process of necrosis from normal/sound bone.." [Wikipedia:Sequestrum]
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008961
name: parabronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "tertiary bronchus in the avian lung." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/parabronchi]
synonym: "neopulmonic parabronchus" NARROW []
synonym: "paleopulmonic parabronchus" NARROW []
synonym: "parabronchi" RELATED PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0002184  ! segmental bronchus
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0009072 ! ventrobronchus
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0009073 ! dorsobronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008962
name: forelimb bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a forelimb region. Examples: any manus phalanx, humerus. Counter-examples: scapula (it is part of the pectoral girdle)" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "free forelimb bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
synonym: "wing bone" NARROW SENSU [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: GAID:178
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087
xref: SCTID:368532003
xref: UMLS:C0003793
xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_of_the_Upper_Extremity
is_a: UBERON:0002428  ! limb bone
is_a: UBERON:0010741  ! bone of pectoral complex
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010883 ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002428  ! limb bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008963
name: hoof
namespace: uberon
def: "The tip of a toe of an ungulate mammal, strengthened by a thick horny (keratin) covering. The hoof consists of a hard or rubbery sole, and a hard wall formed by a thick nail rolled around the tip of the toe. The weight of the animal is normally borne by both the sole and the edge of the hoof wall. Hooves grow continuously, and are constantly worn down by use." [Wikipedia:Hoof]
comment: The hoof is the integument of the foot. Like skin, the integument of the foot has three layers, namely the epidermis, dermis, and SC tissue.
xref: BTO:0003994
xref: SCTID:410026002
is_a: UBERON:0009564  ! distal limb integumentary appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008967
name: centrum semiovale
namespace: uberon
def: "The semioval center is the white matter found underneath the grey matter on the surface of the cerebrum. The term is synonymous with cerebral white matter. The white matter, located in each hemisphere between the cerebral cortex and nuclei, as a whole has a semioval shape. It consists of cortical projection fibers, association fibers and cortical fibers." [Wikipedia:Semioval_center]
comment: note that WP suggests a merge with cerebral white matter
synonym: "centrum semiovale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semioval_center]
synonym: "medullary center" EXACT [FMA:61939]
synonym: "semioval center" RELATED [BTO:0000229]
synonym: "white matter of cerebrum" EXACT [FMA:61939]
xref: BTO:0000229
xref: FMA:61939
xref: SCTID:369198002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Gray752.png
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008969
name: dental follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "The dental follicle is a sac containing the developing tooth and its odontogenic organ. The dental follicle (DF) differentiates into the periodontal ligament. In addition, it may be the precursor of other cells of the periodontium, including osteoblasts, cementoblasts and fibroblasts. They develop into the alveolar bone, the cementum with Sharpey's fibers and the periodontal ligament fibers respectively." [Wikipedia:Dental_follicle]
synonym: "tooth follicle" RELATED [BTO:0000337]
xref: BTO:0000337
xref: SCTID:110975002
is_a: UBERON:0005087  ! tooth placode
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008971
name: left colon
namespace: uberon
def: "The distal portion of the colon; it develops embryonically from the hindgut and functions in the storage and elimination of waste." [BTO:0000646]
synonym: "distal colon" RELATED [BTO:0000646]
xref: BTO:0000646
xref: SCTID:362164005
xref: UMLS:C0227388
xref: galen:LeftColon
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Colon
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008972
name: right colon
namespace: uberon
def: "The proximal portion of the colon, extending from the ileocecal valve usually to a point proximal to the left colic flexure; it develops embryonically from the terminal portion of the midgut and functions in absorption." [BTO:0000649]
synonym: "proximal colon" RELATED [BTO:0000649]
xref: BTO:0000649
xref: SCTID:362161002
xref: UMLS:C1305188
xref: galen:RightColon
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Colon
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008974
name: apocrine gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland whose discharged secretion contains part of the secreting cells." [BTO:0001162, Wikipedia:Apocrine]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "true apocrine gland" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001162
xref: SCTID:361698000
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
property_value: has_relational_adjective "apocrine" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008975
name: shell gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Any of various structures that secrete covering material for eggs or egg masses" [http://www.answers.com/topic/nidamental-gland]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "nidamental gland" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0001241
xref: SCTID:14478002
is_a: UBERON:0005398  ! female reproductive gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008977
name: pes anserinus of tibia
namespace: uberon
def: "The pes anserinus is the insertion of the conjoined tendons of three muscles onto the anteromedial (front and inside) surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia." [Wikipedia:Pes_anserinus_%28leg%29]
comment: Editors note: Consider adding muscle insertion site class
synonym: "pes anserine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pes_anserinus_%28leg%29]
synonym: "pes anserinus" EXACT [BTO:0001507]
synonym: "pes anserinus of leg" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pes_anserinus_%28leg%29]
xref: BTO:0001507
xref: SCTID:360767004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Pes_anserinus.png
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000043 ! tendon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008978
name: anal sac
namespace: uberon
def: "In carnivores, either of two sacs found between the internal and external anal sphincters, lined with sebaceous glands and in some species with apocrine glands." [BTO:0001681]
xref: BTO:0001681
xref: MESH:A13.073
xref: SCTID:362169000
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001245 ! anus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008979
name: carcass
namespace: uberon
def: "A dead body." [BTO:0001965]
synonym: "cadaver" RELATED [BTO:0001965]
synonym: "dead body" RELATED [BTO:0001965]
xref: BTO:0001965
xref: SCTID:127853004
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008981
name: rhinencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "The olfactory region of the brain, located in the cerebrum." [BTO:0002785]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Obsoleted because The term rhinencephalon has been used to describe different structures at different points in time.[ISBN 0-8493-8631-4]. May refer to: a specific structure in aves;  a part of the brain involved with olfaction;
synonym: "olfactory brain" RELATED [BTO:0002785]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008982
name: fascia
namespace: uberon
def: "A dense regular connective tissue that that connects muscles together[WP, modified]." [Wikipedia:Fascia]
synonym: "fascia cluster" EXACT [FMA:30318]
xref: BTO:0002930
xref: EV:0100150
xref: FMA:30318
xref: MESH:A02.340
xref: SCTID:181772008
xref: UMLS:C0015641
xref: ncithesaurus:Fascia
is_a: UBERON:0007846  ! dense regular connective tissue
relationship: connects UBERON:0001630 {cardinality="2"} ! muscle organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008987
name: renal parenchyma
namespace: uberon
def: "The functional tissue of the kidney, consisting of the nephrons." [BTO:0003604]
synonym: "kidney parenchyma" RELATED [BTO:0003604]
synonym: "parenchyma of kidney" EXACT [FMA:15574]
xref: BTO:0003604
xref: FMA:15574
xref: SCTID:29704000
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008989
name: esophageal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the racemose glands in the walls of the esophagus that in humans are small and serve principally to lubricate the food but in some birds secrete a milky fluid on which the young are fed." [BTO:0003634, Wikipedia:Esophageal_glands]
synonym: "glandulae oesophageae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Esophageal_glands]
synonym: "mucous gland of submucosa of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:9404]
xref: BTO:0003634
xref: FMA:9404
xref: SCTID:322749003
xref: UMLS:C0227178
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Illu_esophageal_layers.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
is_a: UBERON:0011148  ! submucosal gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001972 ! submucosa of esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system
relationship: secretes UBERON:0000912 ! mucus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008993
name: habenular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "The gray matter of the habenula, composed of a small-celled medial and a larger-celled lateral habenular nucleus; both nuclei receive fibres from basal forebrain regions (septum, basal nucleus, lateral preoptic nucleus); the lateral habenular nucleus receives an additional projection from the medial segment of the globus pallidus. Both nuclei project by way of the retroflex fasciculus to the interpeduncular nucleus and a medial zone of the midbrain tegmentum." [BTO:0003685]
synonym: "ganglion habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0003685]
synonym: "nucleus habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0003685]
xref: BTO:0003685
xref: EHDAA2:0004710
xref: SCTID:279303009
is_a: UBERON:0000445  ! habenular trigone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008994
name: equine glandular stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "Stomach found in horses; includes cardiac, proper gastric and pyloric glandular zones." [BTO:0003791]
comment: Editor notes: We have a distinct class for 'glandular region of stomach'. We may want to merge into this class, even though this is not considered a distinct stomach.
synonym: "stomachus glandularis" RELATED [BTO:0003791]
xref: BTO:0003791
is_a: UBERON:0000945  ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008995
name: nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex
namespace: uberon
def: "Four accumulations of gray substance embedded in the white substance of the cerebellum, comprising the nucleus dentatus, nucleus emboliformis, nucleus globosus, and nucleus fastigii." [BTO:0003835]
synonym: "cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [BTO:0003835]
synonym: "deep cerebellar nucleus" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0003835
xref: MA:0000203
xref: SCTID:279220006
is_a: UBERON:0002946  ! regional part of cerebellum
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008998
name: cerebrovascular system
namespace: uberon
def: "System pertaining to blood vessels in the brain." [BTO:0003840]
xref: BTO:0003840
xref: SCTID:362029003
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007798 ! vascular system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0008999
name: hoof lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "The tissues which attach the third phalanx to the hoof wall." [BTO:0003997]
synonym: "hoof laminae" RELATED [BTO:0003997]
xref: BTO:0003997
xref: SCTID:370743008
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008963 ! hoof

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009000
name: ischial spine
namespace: uberon
def: "A bony process projecting backward and medialward from the posterior border of the ischium." [BTO:0004149]
synonym: "spina ischialis" EXACT [FMA:17028]
xref: BTO:0004149
xref: FMA:17028
xref: SCTID:18074002
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009005
name: femorotibial joint
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the two primary bendings of a typical leg, pertains to the femur and the tibia." [BTO:0004396]
comment: Editor notes: proposed OWL definition: skeletal join that connects ONLY tibia and femur
synonym: "femoratibial joint" EXACT []
synonym: "knee" RELATED []
synonym: "tibiofemoral joint" EXACT [FMA:43571]
xref: BTO:0004396
xref: FMA:43571
xref: SCTID:182203004
is_a: UBERON:0003840  ! hindlimb joint
is_a: UBERON:0011139  ! synovial limb joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009006
name: deep inguinal lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "One of several small inconstant lymph nodes, proximal, intermediate and distal deep to the fascia lata and medial to the femoral vein; they receive lymph from the deep structures of the lower limb, from the glans penis and from superficial inguinal nodes; efferents pass to the external iliac nodes." [BTO:0004548]
synonym: "deep inguinal node" EXACT [FMA:44225]
synonym: "nodi lymphatici inguinales profundi" RELATED [BTO:0004548]
synonym: "nodus lymphaticus inguinalis profundus" EXACT [FMA:44225]
xref: BTO:0004548
xref: FMA:44225
xref: SCTID:65266007
is_a: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009007
name: superficial inguinal lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "A group of 12-20 lymph nodes that lie in the subcutaneous tissue below the inguinal ligament and along the terminal part of the great saphenous vein; they drain the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the lower abdominal wall, perineum, buttocks, external genitalia, and lower limbs." [BTO:0004549]
synonym: "lymph node of cloquet" EXACT [FMA:5036]
synonym: "lymph node of rosenmuller" EXACT [FMA:5036]
synonym: "nodus lymphaticus inguinalis superficialis" EXACT [FMA:5036]
synonym: "superficial inguinal node" EXACT [FMA:5036]
xref: BTO:0004549
xref: FMA:5036
xref: SCTID:113340006
is_a: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009009
name: carotid sinus nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Carotid branch of glossopharyngeal nerve." [BTO:0004978]
synonym: "carotid branch of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53488]
synonym: "ramus sinus carotici" EXACT [FMA:53488]
xref: BTO:0004978
xref: FMA:53488
xref: SCTID:50624003
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001649 ! glossopharyngeal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009010
name: periurethral tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Tissue around the urethra." [BTO:0005081]
xref: BTO:0005081
xref: SCTID:256880003
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009013
name: white fibrocartilage
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0000486
xref: SCTID:3008003
is_a: UBERON:0001995  ! fibrocartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009014
name: lower back skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a lower back." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: MA:0000504
xref: SCTID:286601005
is_a: UBERON:0001068  ! skin of back
is_a: UBERON:0003836  ! abdominal segment skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009015
name: upper back skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a dorsal thoracic segment of trunk." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000510
xref: SCTID:304890003
is_a: UBERON:0001068  ! skin of back
is_a: UBERON:0001418  ! skin of thorax
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009016
name: ciliary stroma
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ocular ciliary stroma" EXACT []
synonym: "stroma of ciliary body" EXACT []
xref: MA:0001239
xref: SCTID:280868008
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009025
name: gastroepiploic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Abdominal artery that follows the curvature of the stomach. The right gasteroepiploic artery is frequently used in coronary artery bypass grafting, myocardial revascularization, and other vascular reconstruction." [MESH:A07.231.114.379]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: MA:0001962
xref: MESH:A07.231.114.379
xref: SCTID:261401008
xref: UMLS:C0447070
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastroepiploic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009026
name: iliac circumflex artery
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001975
xref: SCTID:244327004
xref: UMLS:C0447101
xref: ncithesaurus:Circumflex_Iliac_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009027
name: vesical artery
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002078
xref: SCTID:244307000
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009029
name: pudendal vein
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002202
xref: SCTID:395225000
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009030
name: left pulmonary vein
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002207
xref: SCTID:304057004
xref: UMLS:C0226670
xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Pulmonary_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0002016  ! pulmonary vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009032
name: right pulmonary vein
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002208
xref: SCTID:304056008
xref: UMLS:C0226669
xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Pulmonary_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0002016  ! pulmonary vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009034
name: stomach region
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ part that is part of a stomach." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002561
xref: SCTID:245415005
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009035
name: renal straight tubule
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - add relationships
synonym: "kidney straight tubule" EXACT [MA:0002634]
xref: MA:0002634
xref: SCTID:245151008
is_a: UBERON:0001231  ! nephron tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009038
name: sulcus ampullaris
namespace: uberon
def: "the groove on the external surface of the ampulla of each semicircular duct where the nerve enters the ampullary crest." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=ampullary+groove]
synonym: "ampullary groove" EXACT [FMA:74584]
synonym: "ampullary sulcus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:74584
xref: MA:0002835
xref: SCTID:368954006
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004043 ! semicircular canal ampulla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009039
name: lymph node germinal center
namespace: uberon
def: "A germinal center that is located in a lymph node" [CL:tm]
synonym: "germinal center" BROAD [BTO:0003671]
synonym: "lymph node activated zone" RELATED []
synonym: "lymph node central zone" RELATED []
synonym: "lymph node light zone" RELATED []
synonym: "lymph node nodule" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0003671
xref: MA:0002989
xref: SCTID:327147000
xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Germinal_Center
is_a: UBERON:0010754  ! germinal center
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010753 ! lymph node secondary follicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0010754  ! germinal center
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009042
name: prostatic venous plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The prostatic veins form a well-marked prostatic plexus which lies partly in the fascial sheath of the prostate and partly between the sheath and the prostatic capsule. It communicates with the pudendal and vesical plexuses." [Wikipedia:Prostatic_venous_plexus]
synonym: "plexus venosus prostaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Prostatic_venous_plexus]
synonym: "pudendal venous plexus" RELATED [FMA:29711]
xref: FMA:29711
xref: SCTID:303052003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png
is_a: UBERON:0001593  ! venous plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009044
name: pudendal venous plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The pudendal plexus (vesicoprostatic plexus) lies behind the arcuate pubic ligament and the lower part of the pubic symphysis, and in front of the bladder and prostate. Its chief tributary is the deep dorsal vein of the penis, but it also receives branches from the front of the bladder and prostate. It communicates with the vesical plexus and with the internal pudendal vein and drains into the vesical and hypogastric veins." [Wikipedia:Pudendal_plexus_(veins)]
xref: SCTID:65326006
is_a: UBERON:0001593  ! venous plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009046
name: inferior external pudendal vein
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002203
is_a: UBERON:0009029  ! pudendal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009047
name: superior external pudendal vein
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002204
is_a: UBERON:0009029  ! pudendal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009048
name: deep external pudendal vein
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:44488
is_a: UBERON:0009029  ! pudendal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009049
name: superficial external pudendal vein
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:21377
is_a: UBERON:0009029  ! pudendal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009050
name: nucleus of solitary tract
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural nucleus that is part of the solitary tract nuclear complex. The solitary tract and nucleus are structures in the brainstem that carry and receive visceral sensation and taste from the facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) cranial nerves. [WP,unvetted]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Solitary_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus of the tractus solitarius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1429]
synonym: "nucleus of tractus solitarius" EXACT [Wikipedia:Solitary_nucleus]
synonym: "nucleus tractus solitarii medullae oblongatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Solitary_nucleus]
synonym: "solitary nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "solitary tract nucleus" EXACT []
xref: ABA:NTS
xref: BM:Me-NS
xref: BTO:0003963
xref: EV:0100288
xref: FMA:256691
xref: GAID:593
xref: MA:0001052
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.132.810.406.750
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1429
xref: UMLS:C0175518
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_the_Solitary_Tract
xref: ncithesaurus:Solitary_Nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
is_a: UBERON:0011775  ! vagus nerve nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002126 ! solitary tract nuclear complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002126 ! solitary tract nuclear complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009051
name: gelatinous nucleus of solitary tract
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:NTSge
xref: FMA:77463
is_a: UBERON:0009050  ! nucleus of solitary tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009052
name: medial nucleus of solitary tract
namespace: uberon
xref: ABA:NTSm
xref: FMA:229585
is_a: UBERON:0009050  ! nucleus of solitary tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009053
name: dorsal nucleus of trapezoid body
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal nucleus of trapezoid body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2575]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2575
xref: SCTID:369021001
is_a: UBERON:0007633  ! nucleus of trapezoid body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009054
name: open circulatory system
namespace: uberon
comment: The Open Circulatory System is a system in which fluid (called hemolymph) in a cavity called the hemocoel bathes the organs directly with oxygen and nutrients and there is no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid; this combined fluid is called hemolymph or haemolymph
is_a: UBERON:0001009  ! circulatory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009055
name: closed circulatory system
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: consider merging with cardiovascular system? Taxon notes: The circulatory systems of all vertebrates, as well as of annelids (for example, earthworms) and cephalopods (squid and octopus) are closed, just as in humans. Still, the systems of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds show various stages of the evolution of the circulatory system
is_a: UBERON:0001009  ! circulatory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009056
name: two-pass circulatory system
namespace: uberon
def: "A closed circulatory system in which blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once." [GO:0035905, Wikipedia:Double_circulatory_system]
is_a: UBERON:0009055  ! closed circulatory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009057
name: one-pass circulatory system
namespace: uberon
def: "A closed circulatory system in which blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once." [GO:0035907]
is_a: UBERON:0009055  ! closed circulatory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009058
name: faveolus
namespace: uberon
def: "A bellows-shaped respiratory unit extending from the outer wall of the lung into a central air space." [PMID:12869615]
comment: Dunker (1978) coined the terms ediculae or faveoli to describe the unit structure of the reptilian parenchymal, which are analogous to mammalian alveoli, but are up to 1,000 times larger than alveoli of similar sized mammals[PMID:12625309]
synonym: "edicula" RELATED SENSU [PMID:12625309]
synonym: "faveoli" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "lung faveolus" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009060
name: air sac
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the membranous air-filled extensions of the lungs of birds, which increase the efficiency of gaseous exchange in the lungs" [Wikipedia:Bird_anatomy#Respiratory_system, http://www.thefreedictionary.com/air+sac]
comment: Three distinct sets of organs perform respirationbthe anterior air sacs (interclavicular, cervicals, and anterior thoracics), the lungs, and the posterior air sacs (posterior thoracics and abdominals). The posterior and anterior air sacs, typically nine, expand during inhalation. Air enters the bird via the trachea. Half of the inhaled air enters the posterior air sacs, the other half passes through the lungs and into the anterior air sacs. Air from the anterior air sacs empties directly into the trachea and out the bird's mouth or nares. The posterior air sacs empty their air into the lungs. Air passing through the lungs as the bird exhales is expelled via the trachea. Some taxonomic groups (Passeriformes) possess 7 air sacs, as the clavicular air sacs may interconnect or be fused with the cranial thoracic air sacs[WP]
synonym: "psotcranial air sac" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "sacci pneumatici" EXACT LATIN []
xref: MESH:A13.048
xref: SCTID:49081009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/BirdRespiration.svg
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009061
name: anterior air sac
namespace: uberon
comment: interclavicular, cervicals, & anterior thoracics
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "cranial air sac" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0009060  ! air sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009062
name: posterior air sac
namespace: uberon
comment: Half of the inhaled air enters the posterior air sacs. The posterior air sacs empty their air into the lungs. // posterior thoracics & abdominals
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "caudal air sac" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0009060  ! air sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009063
name: interclavicular air sac
namespace: uberon
comment: Unapaired[Kardong]
is_a: UBERON:0009061  ! anterior air sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009064
name: cervical air sac
namespace: uberon
xref: SCTID:62426003
is_a: UBERON:0009061  ! anterior air sac
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009065
name: anterior thoracic air sac
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cranial thoracic air sac" RELATED []
synonym: "cranial thoracic sac" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0009061  ! anterior air sac
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009066
name: posterior thoracic air sac
namespace: uberon
synonym: "caudal thoracic air sac" RELATED []
synonym: "caudal thoracic sac" RELATED []
xref: SCTID:10576005
is_a: UBERON:0009062  ! posterior air sac
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009067
name: abdominal air sac
namespace: uberon
xref: SCTID:43701009
is_a: UBERON:0009062  ! posterior air sac
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009071
name: mesobronchus
namespace: uberon
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "mesobronchi" RELATED PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0002182  ! main bronchus
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0009060 ! air sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009072
name: ventrobronchus
namespace: uberon
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "ventrobronchi" RELATED PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0002185  ! bronchus
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0008961 ! parabronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009073
name: dorsobronchus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsobronchi" RELATED PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009074
name: syrinx organ
namespace: uberon
def: "vocal organ of birds, located at the base of a trachea" [Wikipedia:Syrinx_(bird_anatomy)]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "avian vocal organ" RELATED []
synonym: "syrinx" RELATED []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Syrinx.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009075
name: membrana tympaniformis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "syrinx organ wall" EXACT []
synonym: "wall of syrinx" EXACT [Wikipedia:Syrinx_(bird_anatomy)]
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009074 ! syrinx organ
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009074 ! syrinx organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009076
name: membrana tympaniformis lateralis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral wall of syrinx" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0009075  ! membrana tympaniformis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009077
name: membrana tympaniformis medialis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial wall of syrinx" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0009075  ! membrana tympaniformis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009078
name: pessulus
namespace: uberon
def: "A delicate bar of cartilage connecting the dorsal and ventral extremities of the first pair of bronchial cartilages in the syrinx of birds" [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/webster/P/64]
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009074 ! syrinx organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009090
name: outer medulla vasa recta descending limb
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created in order to align KUPO with CL. The original class was undefined, and the intended meaning is not clear, may be obsoleted in future. The vasa recta is parallel to the loop of Henles, this may refer to the portion of the vasa recta in the outer medullar parallel to the descending limb
xref: KUPO:0001004
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004775 ! outer renal medulla vasa recta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009091
name: vasa recta ascending limb
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created in order to align KUPO with CL. The original class was undefined, and the intended meaning is not clear, may be obsoleted in future. The vasa recta is parallel to the loop of Henles, this may refer to the portion of the vasa recta  parallel to the ascending limb
xref: KUPO:0001005
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004726 ! vasa recta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009093
name: outer medulla vasa recta ascending limb
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created in order to align KUPO with CL. The original class was undefined, and the intended meaning is not clear, may be obsoleted in future. The vasa recta is parallel to the loop of Henles, this may refer to the portion of the vasa recta in the outer medulla parallel to the ascending limb
xref: KUPO:0001007
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004775 ! outer renal medulla vasa recta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009096
name: gravid stage
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0009097  ! gravid organism
comment: Obsoleted as the gravid stage is not a life cycle stage. A similar term may be recreated when we have stages specific to structures such as the uterus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009097
name: gravid organism
namespace: uberon
def: "An organism containing a developing embryo, fetus, or unborn offspring within the body." [BTO:0004733]
synonym: "gravid" RELATED [BTO:0004733]
synonym: "pregnant adult stage" RELATED [BTO:0004733]
synonym: "pregnant organism" RELATED []
synonym: "pregnant stage" RELATED [BTO:0004733]
xref: BTO:0004733
is_a: UBERON:0007023  ! adult organism
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
intersection_of: UBERON:0007023  ! adult organism
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009113
name: thymic region
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000974 ! neck
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003728 ! mediastinum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009114
name: cervical thymus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mature thymus that is entirely part of the cervical region." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: A cervical thymus is a pathological structure in a human - it can form during the migration of the thymus to its location in the mediastinum. Some mice have a cervical thymus. There are examples of cervical thymi in marsupials and prosimians[ISBN-10:0781714125]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
is_a: UBERON:0002370  ! thymus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0002370  ! thymus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9263

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009115
name: thoracic thymus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mature thymus that is entirely part of thoracic region." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
is_a: UBERON:0002370  ! thymus
is_a: UBERON:0005178  ! thoracic cavity organ
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0002370  ! thymus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009117
name: indifferent gonad
namespace: uberon
def: "A gonad prior to differentiating into a definitive testis or ovary." [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8981]
comment: typically part of the embryo - however, in male tammar wallabies the gonads are indifferent at the neonatal stage[8827321]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: EHDAA2:0000716
xref: UMLS:C1512703
xref: ncithesaurus:Indifferent_Gonad
is_a: UBERON:0000991  ! gonad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009196 ! indifferent external genitalia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009118
name: marsupial pouch
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Pouch_(marsupial)]
synonym: "pouch" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009119
name: branchial basket
namespace: uberon
def: "the network-like cartilaginous skeleton of the gill region of Petromyzontiformes and Holocephali" [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/DicPics/branchial%20basket.htm]
comment: May also be present in amphioxus. Editor notes: developmental relationship needs to be changed if the scope is broadened, as NC is vertebrate-specific
subset: cyclostome_subset  ! cyclostome structures
synonym: "gill basket" EXACT [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/DicPics/branchial%20basket.htm]
xref: http://dev.duit.uwa.edu.au/zoology/media/lamp/E19.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009120
name: gill filament
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that projects outward from the gill and is a thread-like, soft, red respiratory and excretory structure." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576, http:www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/G.htm]
synonym: "gill filaments" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000667]
xref: BTO:0002150
xref: EFO:0003554
xref: TAO:0000667
xref: ZFA:0000667
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002535 ! gill
property_value: external_definition "Branched region of the gill where respiratory exchange takes place. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009121
name: vomeronasal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "Nerve carrying fibers from the vomeronasal organ to the accessory olfactory bulb[AAO]. originates in the olfactory epithelial cells of Jacobson's organ, and that passes through the submucous tissue of the nasal septum and the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to the olfactory bulb[BTO]." [AAO:DSM, BTO:0001351, ISBN10:0471888893]
comment: in the human this disappears before birth
xref: AAO:0010608
xref: BTO:0001351
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005018
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 ! olfactory placode
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003367 ! epithelium of vomeronasal organ
property_value: external_definition "Nerve carrying fibers from the vomeronasal organ to the accessory olfactory bulb.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009122
name: adenohypophyseal placode
namespace: uberon
def: "The adenohypophyseal placode forms the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and gives rise to the endocrine secretory cells of the pituitary" [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53175/]
comment: Editor notes: consider adding more detailed spatial placement - e.g. oral ectoderm and/or rostal ectoderm. Addtional notes: Fate-mapping studies in amphibian, chick and mouse embryos (Eagleson et al., 1986; 1995; Couly and Le Douarin, 1985; Cobos et al., 2001; Osumi-Yamachita et al., 1994; Kawamura et al., 2002) have shown that the cells contributing to the adenohypophysis develop at the midline of the anterior neural ridge, which delineates the rostral boundary of the neural plate, a region devoid of neural crest. The anterior neural ridge also gives rise to the olfactory placodes and some forebrain tissues including the olfactory bulbs (reviewed in Papalopulu, 1995). Ablation of this region in chick embryos at the 2-4 somite stage confirmed these lineage analyses as it prevented formation of Rathkebs pouch and any further pituitary development (elAmraoui and Dubois, 1993). Upon head folding, the oral ectoderm cells of the adenohypophyseal placode invaginate towards the prospective ventral diencephalon to form Rathkebs pouch, the anlage of the adenohypophysis. Rathkebs pouch starts as an invagination of the oral ectoderm in response to inductive signals from the prospective diencephalon. The region of the diencephalon above the pouch is known as the infundibulum and forms the posterior lobe of the pituitary or neurohypohysis (Figure 3). While in most basal fish and tetrapods the adenohypophyseal anlagen invaginates to form Rathkebs pouch, in teleost fish the adenohypophyseal placode does not invaginate but rather maintains its initial organization forming a solid structure in the head (reviewed in Pogoda and Hammerschmidt; 2009)
synonym: "pituitary placode" RELATED [ZFA:0001198]
xref: EFO:0000229
xref: TAO:0001198
xref: XAO:0004208
xref: ZFA:0001198
is_a: UBERON:0002546  ! cranial placode
is_a: UBERON:0011814  ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005497 ! non-neural ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009123
name: otic cup
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009124
name: geniculate placode
namespace: uberon
def: "Rostralmost epibranchial placode. Associated with 1st branchial cleft." [NBK:NBK53175]
comment: Taxonomic equivalence to EHDAA2 class made on basis of shared development: gives rise to geniculate ganglion
synonym: "epibranchial placode 1" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004206]
synonym: "facial VII placode" RELATED []
synonym: "facial epibranchial placode" EXACT [XAO:0004211]
synonym: "facial placode" EXACT [ZFA:0001295]
synonym: "hyoid VII placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "hyoid placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893]
xref: EHDAA2:0004206
xref: TAO:0001295
xref: XAO:0004211
xref: ZFA:0001295
is_a: UBERON:0003078  ! epibranchial placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009125
name: petrosal placode
namespace: uberon
def: "Epibranchial placode between geniculate and nodose. Associated with 2nd branchial cleft." [NBK:NBK53175]
comment: Taxonomic equivalence to EHDAA2 class made on basis of shared development: gives rise to glossopharyngeal ganglion
synonym: "epibranchial placode 2" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004207]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX placode" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal epibranchial placode" EXACT [XAO:0004212]
synonym: "glossopharyngeal placode" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893, ZFA:0001296]
xref: EHDAA2:0004207
xref: TAO:0001296
xref: XAO:0004212
xref: ZFA:0001296
is_a: UBERON:0003078  ! epibranchial placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009126
name: nodosal placode
namespace: uberon
def: "Caudalmost epibranchial placode. Associated with 3rd branchial cleft." [NBK:NBK53175]
comment: Taxonomic equivalence to EHDAA2 class made on basis of shared development: Gives rise to inferior vagus ganglion. Note that ZFA has 4 vagal placodes
synonym: "epibranchial placode 3" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004208]
synonym: "nodose placode" EXACT [XAO:0004213]
synonym: "vagal X placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "vagal epibranchial placode" EXACT [XAO:0004213]
synonym: "vagal placode" RELATED [ISBN10:0471888893]
xref: EHDAA2:0004208
xref: XAO:0004213
is_a: UBERON:0003078  ! epibranchial placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009127
name: epibranchial ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial ganglion which develops from an epibranchial placode." [PMID:20133851, ZFIN:curator]
comment: Epibranchial ganglia orchestrate the development of the cranial neurogenic crest
synonym: "epibranchial ganglia" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001555]
xref: TAO:0001555
xref: ZFA:0001555
is_a: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003078 ! epibranchial placode
intersection_of: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003078 ! epibranchial placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009128
name: lateral line placode
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral line placodes" RELATED PLURAL [XAO:0000440]
xref: AAO:0010718
xref: XAO:0000440
is_a: UBERON:0003067  ! dorsolateral placode
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32524
property_value: external_definition "Specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009129
name: right atrium endocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endocardium that is part of a right atrium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "endocardium of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:7281]
synonym: "right atrial endocardium" EXACT [FMA:7281]
synonym: "right atrium endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0001228]
xref: EHDAA2:0000274
xref: FMA:7281
xref: SCTID:3194006
xref: VHOG:0001228
is_a: UBERON:0000487  ! simple squamous epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0002166  ! endocardium of atrium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005092 ! right horn of sinus venosus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006218 ! common atrial chamber
intersection_of: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009130
name: dorsal meso-duodenum
namespace: uberon
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000411
xref: SCTID:361433003
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005712 ! midgut duodenum mesentery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009131
name: obsolete midbrain vesicle
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: Obsoleted as the meaning of the class was unclear in earlier versions of EHDAA2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009132
name: peroneus
namespace: uberon
def: "a group of three muscles fibularis (peronC&us) longus, brevis, and tertius originating on the fibula and inserting on the metatarsals" [Wikipedia:Fibularis_muscles]
synonym: "fibularis" EXACT []
synonym: "fibularis muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "peroneal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "peroneal muscle group" EXACT []
synonym: "peroneal muscles" EXACT []
synonym: "peroneus muscle" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001450
xref: EHDAA:8297
xref: SCTID:181694005
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004256  ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009133
name: pleuroperitoneal membrane
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0009146
def: "A fold of tissue which extends into the peritoneal cavity of the developing embryo and participates in the separation of the pleural and peritoneal cavities." [Wikipedia:Pleuroperitoneal, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pleuroperitoneal+membrane]
synonym: "pleuroperitoneal fold" EXACT [VHOG:0000757]
synonym: "pleuroperitoneal membranes" EXACT PLURAL [EHDAA2:0001483]
xref: EHDAA2:0001483
xref: EMAPA:17709
xref: SCTID:361429005
xref: UMLS:C1283968
xref: VHOG:0000757
xref: ncithesaurus:Pleuroperitoneal_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity
property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009138
name: right common cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: only a vestige of the right duct in the adult hagfish (21)[PMID:20959416, S1]
synonym: "common cardinal vein right" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004535]
xref: EHDAA2:0004535
xref: FMA:70310
xref: SCTID:361507009
is_a: UBERON:0002064  ! common cardinal vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004344 ! cardinal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009139
name: right posterior cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0013123
synonym: "posterior cardinal vein right" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004536]
synonym: "right postcardinal vein" EXACT [FMA:70315]
xref: EHDAA2:0004536
xref: FMA:70315
xref: SCTID:361505001
is_a: UBERON:0002065  ! posterior cardinal vein
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0002065  ! posterior cardinal vein
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009140
name: right subcardinal vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "subcardinal vein right" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004538]
xref: EHDAA2:0004538
xref: SCTID:361452009
is_a: UBERON:0006296  ! subcardinal vein
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0006296  ! subcardinal vein
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009141
name: craniocervical region vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that is part of a craniocervical region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "craniocervical vein" EXACT []
synonym: "head and neck veins" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004542]
synonym: "vein of head and neck" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0004542
xref: SCTID:32945007
is_a: UBERON:0013140  ! systemic vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009142
name: entire mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003313
comment: consider adding new class (EMAPA:16097) for mesenchyme of embryo (some mesenchyme is extraembryonic - e.g. amnion mesoderm)
xref: EHDAA2:0001113
xref: EHDAA:177
xref: EMAPA:16097
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009143
name: developing esophageal region
namespace: uberon
comment: consider merging into esophagus
synonym: "esophageal region" BROAD []
synonym: "oesophageal region" BROAD [EMAPA:16700, RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000654]
xref: EMAPA:16700
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000654
xref: SCTID:245404000
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009145
name: pharyngeal region
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:16549
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001454
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009149
name: foramen primum
namespace: uberon
def: "opening in the septum primum between the two atria of the embryonic heart[TMD]." [Wikipedia:Primary_interatrial_foramen, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen+primum]
synonym: "interatrial foramen primum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Primary_interatrial_foramen]
synonym: "ostium primum" EXACT [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen+primum]
synonym: "primary interatrial foramen" EXACT [Wikipedia:Primary_interatrial_foramen]
xref: EHDAA2:0001826
xref: EMAPA:17012
xref: SCTID:308852002
xref: UMLS:C1517292
xref: VHOG:0001470
xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_Primum
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004154 ! septum primum
property_value: external_definition "First of the two openings to perforate the septum primum between the two atria of the embryonic heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether. [ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620]; [about heart development] In the various tetrapod classes ontogenetic events essentially recapitulate the phylogenetic stages.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009191
name: sphenoid bone pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0003446
xref: EMAPA:18015
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009192
name: basisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "basi-sphenoid pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003447]
xref: EHDAA2:0003447
xref: EMAPA:18013
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0006904  ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009193
name: sphenoid bone cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001888
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009191 ! sphenoid bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009194
name: basisphenoid cartilage condenstion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "basisphenoid cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0001338]
xref: EHDAA2:0000166
xref: VHOG:0001338
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0006904  ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009192 ! basisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009193 ! sphenoid bone cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009195
name: anal membrane
namespace: uberon
comment: During the 7th week the urorectal septum divides the cloacal membrane into a urogenital membrane (ventrally) and an anal membrane (dorsally) [http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/ugenital/genitexterne01.html]
xref: EHDAA2:0004018
xref: SCTID:344130000
xref: UMLS:C1288337
xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006217 ! cloacal membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009196
name: indifferent external genitalia
namespace: uberon
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: EHDAA2:0004021
is_a: UBERON:0004176  ! external genitalia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009197
name: basioccipital pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000165
xref: EHDAA:6033
xref: EMAPA:18012
xref: VHOG:0000959
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001692 ! basioccipital bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009198
name: craniofacial suture
namespace: uberon
def: "any suture between cranial and/or facial bones." [GO:0097094]
comment: Editor notes: we follow GO in dividing sutures into cranial and facial and making a grouping class, but this is not consistent with FMA
synonym: "articulation of skull bones" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of the skull bones" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0002209  ! fibrous joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009199
name: facial suture
namespace: uberon
def: "any suture between facial bones." [GO:0097096]
is_a: UBERON:0009198  ! craniofacial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0003462 {cardinality="2"} ! facial bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009200
name: limb epidermis
namespace: uberon
def: "The limb epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of the limb, it is a complex stratified squamous epithelium." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb]
is_a: UBERON:0001003  ! epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0001003  ! epidermis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009201
name: nephric duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney[GO]." [GO:0072176]
comment: pronephric duct or mesonephric duct
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0004819  ! kidney epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006553  ! renal duct
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009202
name: vasa recta descending limb
namespace: uberon
comment: This class was created in order to align KUPO with CL. The original class was undefined, and the intended meaning is not clear, may be obsoleted in future. The vasa recta is parallel to the loop of Henles, this may refer to the portion of the vasa recta  parallel to the descending limb
xref: KUPO:0001002
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004726 ! vasa recta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009203
name: internasal suture
namespace: uberon
def: "a suture joining the nasal bones." [Wikipedia:Internasal_suture]
synonym: "inter-nasal suture" EXACT []
synonym: "internasal suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52959]
synonym: "nasal suture" BROAD [GO:0097097]
synonym: "sutura internasalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Internasal_suture]
xref: FMA:52959
xref: SCTID:368990004
is_a: UBERON:0011160  ! nasal suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 {cardinality="2"} ! nasal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009204
name: medial nasal process mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a medial nasal prominence." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001077
xref: EMAPA:16810
is_a: UBERON:0009501  ! mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009205
name: lateral nasal process mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a lateral nasal prominence." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of latero-nasal process" EXACT [EMAPA:16807]
xref: EHDAA2:0000917
xref: EMAPA:16807
is_a: UBERON:0009501  ! mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009206
name: lateral nasal process surface ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An ectoderm that is part of a lateral nasal prominence." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ectoderm of latero-nasal process" EXACT [EMAPA:16806]
xref: EHDAA2:0000918
xref: EMAPA:16806
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence
intersection_of: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009207
name: geschmacksstreifen
namespace: uberon
def: "Area on the rostral portion of the soft palate rich in tastebuds (Miller and Spangler 1982)." [PMID:19295142]
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009210
name: pharyngeal membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "a thin fold of ectoderm and endoderm that separates the pharyngeal pouches from the branchial clefts in a developing embryo." [http://musom.marshall.edu/anatomy/grosshom/z_devbranc.html]
synonym: "pharyngeal membrane" EXACT []
xref: UMLS:C1519040
xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009213
name: pharyngeal membrane of 1st arch
namespace: uberon
def: "separates the first pharyngeal groove from the first pharyngeal pouch." [ISBN10:1416037055]
comment: check EMAPA - 3 terms appear to match. We follow EMAPA in making each membrane part of the arch with the same number, though in fact it is between these arches
synonym: "1st branchial membrane" EXACT [EMAPA:16992]
synonym: "1st pharyngeal membrane" EXACT [VHOG:0001427]
synonym: "future tympanic membrane" EXACT [EMAPA:17281]
synonym: "tympanic membrane primordium" EXACT [ISBN10:1416037055]
xref: EHDAA:3788
xref: EMAPA:16121
xref: EMAPA:16992
xref: EMAPA:17281
xref: VHOG:0001427
is_a: UBERON:0009210  ! pharyngeal membrane
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005872 ! 1st arch pharyngeal cleft
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the endodermal epithelium lining each pouch contacts the surface ectoderm of the clefts to form a series of bilayered branchial membranes, that break down in fish to form the gill openings.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009215
name: pharyngeal membrane of 2nd arch
namespace: uberon
synonym: "2nd pharyngeal membrane" EXACT [VHOG:0000877]
xref: EMAPA:16273
xref: VHOG:0000877
is_a: UBERON:0009210  ! pharyngeal membrane
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005873 ! 2nd arch pharyngeal cleft
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007123 ! pharyngeal pouch 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the endodermal epithelium lining each pouch contacts the surface ectoderm of the clefts to form a series of bilayered branchial membranes, that break down in fish to form the gill openings.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009216
name: pharyngeal membrane of 3rd arch
namespace: uberon
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal membrane" EXACT [VHOG:0000876]
xref: EMAPA:16583
xref: VHOG:0000876
is_a: UBERON:0009210  ! pharyngeal membrane
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005874 ! 3rd arch pharyngeal cleft
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007124 ! pharyngeal pouch 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the endodermal epithelium lining each pouch contacts the surface ectoderm of the clefts to form a series of bilayered branchial membranes, that break down in fish to form the gill openings.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009217
name: pharyngeal membrane of 4th arch
namespace: uberon
synonym: "4th pharyngeal membrane" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EMAPA:16763
is_a: UBERON:0009210  ! pharyngeal membrane
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005875 ! 4th arch pharyngeal cleft
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007125 ! pharyngeal pouch 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009291
name: cartilaginous centrum of vertebra
namespace: uberon
comment: cartilaginous centrum of vertebra[PMID:11746457]
xref: SCTID:317278007
is_a: UBERON:0001075  ! body of vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009292
name: embryonic nasal process
namespace: uberon
comment: medial or lateral; in EHDAA2 also frontonasal or intermaxillary
synonym: "nasal placode" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000581
xref: EHDAA:4776
xref: EMAPA:16680
xref: SCTID:308881001
is_a: UBERON:0012314  ! embryonic facial prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009293
name: embryonic frontal process
namespace: uberon
synonym: "frontal process" EXACT [VHOG:0001323]
xref: EHDAA:4780
xref: EMAPA:16802
xref: SCTID:346265009
xref: VHOG:0001323
is_a: UBERON:0012314  ! embryonic facial prominence
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 ! frontonasal prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009468
name: basiotic bone
namespace: uberon
def: "a small bone in the fetus between the basilar process and the basisphenoid." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/basiotic+bone]
synonym: "basiotic" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:95946002
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009470
name: postsphenoidal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "the posterior portion of the sphenoid bone developed in five separate parts consisting of a central basisphenoid, the two alisphenoids, and the two medial pterygoid laminae." [Wikipedia:Ossification_of_sphenoid#Postsphenoid, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/postsphenoid]
xref: SCTID:95950009
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009471
name: dorsum of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "the superior surface of the tongue divided by the sulcus terminalis into an anterior two-thirds, the presulcal part (pars presulcalis). and a posterior one-third, the postsulcal part (pars postsulcalis)." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/dorsum-of-tongue.html]
synonym: "dorsal tongue" EXACT [FMA:54651]
synonym: "dorsum linguae" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/dorsum-of-tongue.html]
synonym: "tongue dorsum" EXACT [FMA:54651]
xref: FMA:54651
xref: SCTID:66938003
xref: UMLS:C0226952
xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsum_of_the_Tongue
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009472
name: axilla
namespace: uberon
def: "The axilla is the area on the human body directly under the joint where the arm connects to the shoulder." [Wikipedia:Axilla]
synonym: "arm pit" EXACT [Wikipedia:Axilla]
synonym: "armpit" EXACT [Wikipedia:Axilla]
synonym: "armpits" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axilla]
synonym: "axilla" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axilla]
synonym: "axillae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axilla]
synonym: "axillary region" EXACT [FMA:24864, Wikipedia:Axilla]
synonym: "oxter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axilla]
synonym: "regio axillaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "underarm" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axilla]
xref: EFO:0001395
xref: FMA:24864
xref: MESH:A01.378.800.090
xref: SCTID:362732006
xref: UMLS:C0004454
xref: galen:Axilla
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Gray411.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Axilla
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
property_value: has_relational_adjective "axillary" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009477
name: associated mesenchyme of otic placode
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a otic placode." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001340
xref: EMAPA:16196
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009478
name: associated mesenchyme of midgut
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a midgut." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editors note: previously logically defined as mesenchyme of midgut, but this caused disjointness violations between dense and loose mesenchyme
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "early midgut associated mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001186]
xref: EHDAA2:0001186
xref: EMAPA:16256
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010378  ! mesenchyme from splanchnopleure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010378 ! mesenchyme from splanchnopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009479
name: ectoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "An ectoderm that is part of a buccopharyngeal membrane." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000190
xref: EMAPA:16260
is_a: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006211 ! buccopharyngeal membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0000924  ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006211 ! buccopharyngeal membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009480
name: endoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a buccopharyngeal membrane." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000191
xref: EMAPA:16261
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006211 ! buccopharyngeal membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006211 ! buccopharyngeal membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009481
name: cavity of pericardio-peritoneal canal
namespace: uberon
def: "A tube lumen that is part of a pericardio-peritoneal canal." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "cavity of the pericardio-peritoneal canal" EXACT [VHOG:0000564]
xref: EHDAA2:0001441
xref: EMAPA:16283
xref: VHOG:0000564
is_a: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006275 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006275 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009482
name: associated mesenchyme of foregut-midgut junction
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a foregut-midgut junction." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000570
xref: EMAPA:16364
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009483
name: mesentery of foregut-midgut junction
namespace: uberon
def: "A mesentery that is part of a foregut-midgut junction." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "foregut-midgut junction mesentery" EXACT [VHOG:0000430]
xref: EHDAA2:0000575
xref: EMAPA:16365
xref: VHOG:0000430
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction
intersection_of: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction
property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009484
name: dorsal mesentery of mesentery of foregut-midgut junction
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000571
xref: EMAPA:16366
is_a: UBERON:0009483  ! mesentery of foregut-midgut junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009494
name: pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of mesenchymal tissue associated with an individual pharyngeal arch." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor notes: this represents a part of the entire arch mesenchyme (UBERON:0010046), and is therefore a superclass of the individual arch mesenchyme classes. Alternate definition: primordial embryonic connective tissue associated with the branchial arches, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to facial and cranial nerve-associated structures. [MP:0011262]
synonym: "branchial arch mesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0011262]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003099 ! cranial neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009495
name: extrahepatic part of biliary bud
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000172
xref: EMAPA:16562
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004912 ! biliary bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009496
name: intrahepatic part of biliary bud
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000173
xref: EMAPA:16563
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004912 ! biliary bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009497
name: epithelium of foregut-midgut junction
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a foregut-midgut junction." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000573
xref: EMAPA:16564
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009499
name: parietal of mesothelium of pericardio-peritoneal canal
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001409
xref: EMAPA:16590
is_a: UBERON:0007185  ! pericardio-peritoneal canal mesothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007185 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal mesothelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009500
name: associated mesenchyme of otocyst
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a ear vesicle." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001343
xref: EMAPA:16670
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009477 ! associated mesenchyme of otic placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009501
name: mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process
namespace: uberon
def: "the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the frontonasal region of the head" [MP:0011266]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "frontonasal mesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0011266]
synonym: "naso-frontal mesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0011266]
xref: EHDAA2:0004109
xref: EMAPA:16683
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 ! frontonasal prominence
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004066 ! frontonasal prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009502
name: ventral mesentery of mesentery of foregut-midgut junction
namespace: uberon
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EMAPA:16714
xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000576
is_a: UBERON:0009483  ! mesentery of foregut-midgut junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009503
name: associated mesenchyme of hindgut
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a hindgut." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000780
xref: EMAPA:16716
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009504
name: associated mesenchyme of main bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a main bronchus." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001045
xref: EMAPA:16850
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009505
name: associated mesenchyme of trachea
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a trachea." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0002067
xref: EMAPA:16854
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009506
name: associated mesenchyme of middle ear
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a middle ear." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Also 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme in EHDAA2
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "middle ear associated mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001182]
synonym: "otic mesenchyme" BROAD []
xref: EHDAA2:0001182
xref: EMAPA:17001
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009521
name: anal membrane endodermal component
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a anal region." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0004020
xref: EMAPA:17177
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009522
name: lateral lingual swelling epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a lateral lingual swelling." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000913
xref: EMAPA:17190
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003351  ! pharyngeal epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006757 ! lateral lingual swelling
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006757 ! lateral lingual swelling

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009523
name: mesenchyme of handplate
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a handplate." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "hand plate mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "handplate mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000731]
xref: EHDAA2:0000731
xref: EMAPA:17248
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003413 ! pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009526
name: maxillary process mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a maxillary prominence." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "mesenchyme of maxillary process" EXACT [EMAPA:17361]
synonym: "mesenchyme of maxillary prominence" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EHDAA2:0001071
xref: EMAPA:17361
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009536
name: vascular element of left lung
namespace: uberon
def: "A vascular plexus that is part of a left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000963
xref: EMAPA:17660
is_a: UBERON:0000102  ! lung vasculature
is_a: UBERON:0005629  ! vascular plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0005629  ! vascular plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009537
name: vascular element of right lung
namespace: uberon
def: "A vascular plexus that is part of a right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001757
xref: EMAPA:17668
is_a: UBERON:0000102  ! lung vasculature
is_a: UBERON:0005629  ! vascular plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0005629  ! vascular plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009538
name: mesenchyme of sublingual gland primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a sublingual gland primordium." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001937
xref: EMAPA:17754
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003324 ! mesenchyme of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006297 ! sublingual gland primordium
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006297 ! sublingual gland primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009539
name: mesenchyme of submandibular gland primordium
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a submandibular gland primordium." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0001941
xref: EMAPA:17757
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003324 ! mesenchyme of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009548
name: hepatic sinusoid of left of lobe of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "A hepatic sinusoid that is part of a left lobe of liver." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "left lobe hepatic sinusoids" EXACT [VHOG:0000709]
xref: EHDAA2:0001001
xref: EMAPA:18309
xref: VHOG:0000709
is_a: UBERON:0001281  ! hepatic sinusoid
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0001281  ! hepatic sinusoid
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009549
name: hepatic sinusoid of right of lobe of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "A hepatic sinusoid that is part of a right lobe of liver." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
synonym: "right lobe hepatic sinusoids" EXACT [VHOG:0000710]
xref: EHDAA2:0001009
xref: EMAPA:18316
xref: VHOG:0000710
is_a: UBERON:0001281  ! hepatic sinusoid
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0001281  ! hepatic sinusoid
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009550
name: endoderm of foregut-midgut junction
namespace: uberon
def: "An endoderm that is part of a foregut-midgut junction." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: emapa_ehdaa2  ! derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked
xref: EHDAA2:0000572
xref: EMAPA:18403
is_a: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction
intersection_of: UBERON:0000925  ! endoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009551
name: distal segment of digit
namespace: uberon
def: "A segment of a digit containing the distal phalanx, and overlapping the interphalangeal joint[CJM]. The digit tip is derived from multiple and distinct embryonic origins, and includes the distal bone with associated marrow cavity and haematopoietic cells, ventral (flexor) and dorsal (extensor) tendons, sweat glands with myoepithelial and luminal secreting cells and associated neurons for innervation, dermis with resident melanocytes and dendritic cells, mesenchyme with resident fibroblasts, skin epidermis with hair follicles, a nail organ composed of six specific parts (the root, nail bed, nail plate, eponychium (cuticle), perionychium and hyponychium)." [doi:10.1038/nature10346]
comment: Newborn and adult mice are able to regrow forelimb (finger) and hindlimb (toe) digit tips after their amputation through the distal interphalangeal joint. Regeneration of the digit tip involves the integrated regrowth of multiple tissues within 2b3b	months, reaching an external morphology that is cosmetically and functionally similar to normal digits. Most importantly, regeneration of the mouse distal digit shares morphological similarities with clinical cases documenting regrowth of missing distal portions of fingers in both children and adults
synonym: "digit tip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "distal digit segment" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "tip of digit" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009552
name: distal segment of manual digit
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0004093
def: "." [HP:0001211]
comment: in SNOMED this is a surface region. Here we intend it to be the entire distal segment
synonym: "finger digit tip" EXACT [doi:10.1038/nature10346]
synonym: "finger distal segment" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "finger tip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "fingertip" EXACT [HP:0001211]
synonym: "forelimb digit tip" EXACT [doi:10.1038/nature10346]
synonym: "tip of finger" EXACT [SCTID:312543003]
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjpf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: SCTID:312543003
is_a: UBERON:0005451  ! segment of manus
is_a: UBERON:0009551  ! distal segment of digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0009551  ! distal segment of digit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009553
name: distal segment of pedal digit
namespace: uberon
def: "A distal segment of digit that is part of a pedal digit." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hindlimb digit tip" EXACT [doi:10.1038/nature10346]
synonym: "tip of toe" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "toe digit tip" EXACT [doi:10.1038/nature10346]
synonym: "toe distal segment" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0005445  ! segment of pes
is_a: UBERON:0009551  ! distal segment of digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0009551  ! distal segment of digit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009555
name: short pastern bone
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Middle_phalanx]
synonym: "equine middle phalanx" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0004301  ! middle phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0009558  ! pastern bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009563 ! pastern region of limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009556
name: long pastern bone
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Proximal_phalanx]
synonym: "equine proximal phalanx" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0004302  ! proximal phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0009558  ! pastern bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009563 ! pastern region of limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009557
name: coffin joint
namespace: uberon
synonym: "equine distal interphalangeal joint" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: SCTID:196392002
is_a: UBERON:0006658  ! inter-phalangeal joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009563 ! pastern region of limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009558
name: pastern bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of the pastern region of a horse limb." [Wikipedia:Pastern]
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Equine-dist-forelimb-bones.png
is_a: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009563 ! pastern region of limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0003221  ! phalanx
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009563 ! pastern region of limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009559
name: metacarpal/tarsal-phalangeal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a mesopodium bone and connects a proximal phalanx." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: We include these joints as being part of the digits; this is consistent with the FMA, and makes classification easier. Note that digit and metapodial regions are part-disjoint
synonym: "fetlock" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9788, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Fetlock]
synonym: "metacarpo-tarsophalangeal joint" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "metapodium-phalanx joint" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0003841  ! autopod joint
is_a: UBERON:0011139  ! synovial limb joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0003656 ! mesopodium bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003656 ! mesopodium bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009563
name: pastern region of limb
namespace: uberon
def: "a part of the leg of a horse between the fetlock and the top of the hoof. It incorporates the long pastern bone (proximal phalanx) and the short pastern bone (middle phalanx), which are held together by two sets of paired ligaments to form the pastern joint (proximal interphalangeal joint)" [Wikipedia:Pastern]
comment: note that digit is used very generically in uberon, to include the homologous region in ungulates. Taxon notes: Anatomically homologous to the two largest bones found in the human finger
xref: SCTID:370725009
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009564
name: distal limb integumentary appendage
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail, hoof or claw." [PMID:11710767]
comment: Consider classifying as something different from appendage
synonym: "unguis" RELATED []
xref: MESH:A13.491
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004708  ! limb/fin
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 ! embryonic skin basal layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009565
name: nail of manual digit
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a manual digit." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54327]
synonym: "fingernail" EXACT [FMA:54327]
synonym: "nail of finger" EXACT [FMA:54327]
synonym: "nail plate of finger" RELATED [FMA:54327]
xref: FMA:54327
xref: SCTID:244197001
xref: UMLS:C0222001
xref: ncithesaurus:Fingernail
is_a: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
is_a: UBERON:0004710  ! pectoral appendage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005276 ! dorsal skin of finger
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009552 ! distal segment of manual digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009566
name: intestinal submucosa
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a intestine." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "submucosa of intestine" EXACT [FMA:15696]
xref: FMA:15696
is_a: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009567
name: nail of pedal digit
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a pedal digit." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nail of toe" EXACT [FMA:54328]
synonym: "nail plate of toe" RELATED [FMA:54328]
synonym: "toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54328]
synonym: "toenail" EXACT [FMA:54328]
xref: FMA:54328
xref: SCTID:244198006
xref: UMLS:C0222007
xref: ncithesaurus:Toe_Nail
is_a: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
is_a: UBERON:0004709  ! pelvic appendage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005277 ! dorsal skin of toe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009553 ! distal segment of pedal digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009568
name: trunk region of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the trunk of the body, containing the trunk/presacral vertebrae." [UBERONREF:0000006]
synonym: "presacral region" RELATED [AAO:0000612]
synonym: "thoracolumbar region" RELATED [AAO:0000612]
synonym: "trunk region" RELATED [AAO:0000612]
xref: AAO:0000612
xref: SCTID:281699004
xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracolumbar_Region
is_a: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk
property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column between the atlas and the sacrum consisting of seven to 285 vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009569
name: subdivision of trunk
namespace: uberon
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "region of trunk" EXACT [FMA:25054]
synonym: "trunk subdivision" EXACT [FMA:25054]
xref: FMA:25054
xref: SCTID:22943007
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009570
name: spinal cord sulcus limitans
namespace: uberon
def: "A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future spinal cord." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "spinal cord lateral wall sulcus limitans" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001265]
xref: EHDAA2:0001265
xref: EMAPA:17584
xref: VHOG:0001548
is_a: UBERON:0005478  ! sulcus limitans of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0005478  ! sulcus limitans of neural tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009571
name: ventral midline
namespace: uberon
def: "In protostomes (such as insects, snails and worms) as well as deuterostomes (vertebrates), the midline is an embryonic region that functions in patterning of the adjacent nervous tissue. The ventral midline in insects is a cell population extending along the ventral surface of the embryo and is the region from which cells detach to form the ventrally located nerve cords. In vertebrates, the midline is originally located dorsally. During development, it folds inwards and becomes the ventral part of the dorsally located neural tube and is then called the ventral midline, or floor plate." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:12075342]
xref: FBbt:00000093
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009572
name: lumen of central canal of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "A cerebrospinal fluid-filled space that runs longitudinally through the length of the entire spinal cord. The central canal is contiguous with the ventricular system of the brain. The central canal represents the adult remainder of the neural tube." [Wikipedia:Central_canal]
synonym: "cavity of central canal of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:242845]
synonym: "central canal lumen" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:242845
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0002291 ! central canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002291 ! central canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001359 ! cerebrospinal fluid
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0002291 ! central canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009573
name: sulcus limitans of fourth ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "In the floor of the fourth ventricle, the sulcus limitans separates the cranial nerve motor nuclei (medial) from the sensory nuclei (lateral). In the superior part of the rhomboid fossa, it corresponds with the lateral limit of the fossa and presents a bluish-gray area, the locus ceruleus (which owes its color to an underlying patch of deeply pigmented nerve cells, termed the substantia ferruginea). [WP]" [Wikipedia:Sulcus_limitans]
synonym: "s. limitans fossae rhomboideae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sulcus_limitans]
synonym: "sulcus limitans" BROAD [FMA:78496]
xref: FMA:78496
xref: UMLS:C0262332
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray709.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sulcus_Limitans
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009576
name: medulla oblongata sulcus limitans
namespace: uberon
def: "A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future medulla oblongata." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001100
xref: EMAPA:17561
is_a: UBERON:0005478  ! sulcus limitans of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010288 ! future medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0005478  ! sulcus limitans of neural tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010288 ! future medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009577
name: metencephalon sulcus limitans
namespace: uberon
def: "A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future metencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001161
xref: EMAPA:17567
is_a: UBERON:0005478  ! sulcus limitans of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010092 ! future metencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0005478  ! sulcus limitans of neural tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010092 ! future metencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009578
name: myelencephalon sulcus limitans
namespace: uberon
def: "A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future myelencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001945
is_a: UBERON:0005478  ! sulcus limitans of neural tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010096 ! future myelencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0005478  ! sulcus limitans of neural tube
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010096 ! future myelencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009579
name: myelencephalon basal plate
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check EHDAA2 post-CNS-revision
synonym: "basal plate myelencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000322]
synonym: "future myelencephalon basal plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000646]
xref: EHDAA2:0000646
xref: EMAPA:17088
xref: VHOG:0000322
is_a: UBERON:0004064  ! neural tube basal plate
property_value: external_definition "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the myelencephalon. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009580
name: diencephalon mantle layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "diencephalon lateral wall mantle layer" EXACT []
synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000912]
xref: EHDAA2:0000397
xref: EMAPA:16906
xref: VHOG:0000912
is_a: UBERON:0005883  ! neural tube lateral wall mantle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005591 ! diencephalon lateral wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009581
name: midbrain mantle layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000910]
synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0000910]
synonym: "midbrain lateral wall mantle layer" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001172
xref: EMAPA:16977
xref: VHOG:0000910
is_a: UBERON:0005883  ! neural tube lateral wall mantle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005495 ! midbrain lateral wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009582
name: spinal cord lateral wall
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral wall spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000996]
xref: EFO:0003602
xref: EMAPA:17579
xref: TAO:0000996
xref: ZFA:0000996
is_a: UBERON:0005496  ! neural tube lateral wall
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009583
name: spinal cord mantle layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000911]
synonym: "spinal cord lateral wall mantle layer" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:17580
xref: VHOG:0000911
is_a: UBERON:0005883  ! neural tube lateral wall mantle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009582 ! spinal cord lateral wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009584
name: 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0010043
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a 1st arch mandibular component." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mandibular component mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "mandibular mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "mesenchymal region of mandibular component of first pharyngeal arch" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "mesenchyme of mandibular component" EXACT [EMAPA:16385]
xref: EHDAA2:0000034
xref: EMAPA:16385
is_a: UBERON:0010042  ! 1st arch mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007237 ! 1st arch mandibular component
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007237 ! 1st arch mandibular component

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009585
name: interdigital region mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: influences identity of anterior digit[Dahn and Fallon 2000], likely via BMP4
synonym: "interdigit mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "interdigital mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "mesenchyme of interdigital region" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0009749  ! limb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009586
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interdigital region between fingers 1 and 2 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000846]
xref: EHDAA2:0000846
xref: EMAPA:17447
is_a: UBERON:0009596  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 1 and 2
is_a: UBERON:0009600  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006026 ! interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006026 ! interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009587
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interdigital region between fingers 2 and 3 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000849]
xref: EHDAA2:0000849
xref: EMAPA:17450
is_a: UBERON:0009597  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 2 and 3
is_a: UBERON:0009600  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006029 ! interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006029 ! interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009588
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interdigital region between fingers 3 and 4 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000852]
xref: EHDAA2:0000852
xref: EMAPA:17453
is_a: UBERON:0009598  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 3 and 4
is_a: UBERON:0009600  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006032 ! interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006032 ! interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009589
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interdigital region between fingers 4 and 5 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000855]
xref: EHDAA2:0000855
xref: EMAPA:17456
is_a: UBERON:0009599  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 4 and 5
is_a: UBERON:0009600  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006035 ! interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006035 ! interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009590
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interdigital region between toes 1 and 2 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000858]
xref: EHDAA2:0000858
xref: EMAPA:17478
is_a: UBERON:0009596  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 1 and 2
is_a: UBERON:0009601  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006038 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006038 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009591
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interdigital region between toes 2 and 3 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000861]
xref: EHDAA2:0000861
xref: EMAPA:17481
is_a: UBERON:0009597  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 2 and 3
is_a: UBERON:0009601  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006041 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006041 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009592
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interdigital region between toes 3 and 4 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000864]
xref: EHDAA2:0000864
xref: EMAPA:17484
is_a: UBERON:0009598  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 3 and 4
is_a: UBERON:0009601  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006044 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006044 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009593
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "interdigital region between toes 4 and 5 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000867]
xref: EHDAA2:0000867
xref: EMAPA:17487
is_a: UBERON:0009599  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 4 and 5
is_a: UBERON:0009601  ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006047 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006047 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009596
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 1 and 2
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between digits 1 and 2." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006016 ! interdigital region between digits 1 and 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006016 ! interdigital region between digits 1 and 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009597
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 2 and 3
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between digits 2 and 3." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006019 ! interdigital region between digits 2 and 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006019 ! interdigital region between digits 2 and 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009598
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 3 and 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between digits 3 and 4." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006022 ! interdigital region between digits 3 and 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006022 ! interdigital region between digits 3 and 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009599
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 4 and 5
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between digits 4 and 5." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006025 ! interdigital region between digits 4 and 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006025 ! interdigital region between digits 4 and 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009600
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a manus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of interdigital region of forelimb" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003859  ! forelimb mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006013 ! interdigital region between manual digits
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009601
name: mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of interdigital region of hindlimb" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003860  ! hindlimb mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006014 ! interdigital region between pedal digits
intersection_of: UBERON:0009585  ! interdigital region mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009602
name: left lung associated mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000944
xref: EMAPA:16730
xref: EMAPA:17654
is_a: UBERON:0004883  ! lung mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009603
name: right lung associated mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001739
xref: EMAPA:17662
is_a: UBERON:0004883  ! lung mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009610
name: forebrain neural plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural plate that develops_from a future forebrain." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0007018
xref: ZFA:0007018
is_a: UBERON:0003075  ! neural plate
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006240 ! future forebrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003056 ! pre-chordal neural plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0003075  ! neural plate
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006240 ! future forebrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009611
name: midbrain neural plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural plate that develops_from a presumptive midbrain." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0007019
xref: ZFA:0007019
is_a: UBERON:0003075  ! neural plate
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009616 ! presumptive midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003056 ! pre-chordal neural plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0003075  ! neural plate
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0009616 ! presumptive midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009612
name: forebrain midbrain boundary neural plate
namespace: uberon
xref: TAO:0007020
xref: ZFA:0007020
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007288 ! presumptive forebrain midbrain boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003056 ! pre-chordal neural plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009614
name: hindbrain neural plate
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural plate that develops_from a presumptive hindbrain." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0007022
xref: ZFA:0007022
is_a: UBERON:0003075  ! neural plate
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007277 ! presumptive hindbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003057 ! chordal neural plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0003075  ! neural plate
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0007277 ! presumptive hindbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009615
name: midbrain hindbrain boundary neural plate
namespace: uberon
def: "An embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary that is part of a neural plate." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: todo: developmental relationships for lines
synonym: "MHB neural plate" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "midbrain-hindbrain boundary neural plate" EXACT [ZFA:0007044]
xref: TAO:0007044
xref: ZFA:0007044
is_a: UBERON:0007281  ! presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007281 ! presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate
intersection_of: UBERON:0009774  ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009616
name: presumptive midbrain
namespace: uberon
def: "A presumptive structure that develops_into a midbrain." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - unify naming conventions
synonym: "early midbrain" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "future midbrain" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "mesencephalon" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000615]
synonym: "presumptive mesencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000148]
xref: EFO:0003432
xref: EHDAA2:0000615
xref: TAO:0000148
xref: ZFA:0000148
is_a: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003080 ! anterior neural tube
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010286 ! midbrain neural tube
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006238 ! future brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0006598  ! presumptive structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009617
name: head paraxial mesoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "Bilateral mesenchymal mesoderm parallel and immediately adjacent to the neural tube/notochord; it generates a subset of extra-ocular, and other head, muscles." [PMID:21610022]
synonym: "cephalic paraxial mesoderm" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "head paraxial mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000736]
xref: EHDAA2:0000736
xref: EHDAA:364
xref: EMAPA:16171
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005253 ! head mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009618
name: trunk paraxial mesoderm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "trunk and cervical paraxial mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002094]
synonym: "trunk paraxial mesenchyme" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0002094
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009620
name: tail bud paraxial mesoderm
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0003239
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009618 ! trunk paraxial mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002533 ! tail bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009621
name: tail somite
namespace: uberon
def: "A somite that is part of a tail." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0010383
xref: EMAPA:16860
xref: XAO:0003143
is_a: UBERON:0002329  ! somite
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0002329  ! somite
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009622
name: pronephric proximal straight tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A proximal straight tubule that is part of a pronephros." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-071029-9]
synonym: "proximal straight tubules" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0002239]
xref: TAO:0002239
xref: ZFA:0001621
is_a: UBERON:0001290  ! proximal straight tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005310  ! pronephric nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006173 ! pronephric proximal tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0001290  ! proximal straight tubule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009623
name: spinal nerve root
namespace: uberon
def: "The paired bundles of nerve fibers entering and leaving the spinal cord at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and autonomic preganglionic neurons. There are, however, some exceptions to this afferent/efferent rule." [MESH:A08.800.800.720.725]
comment: ZFA has part_of to spinal cord but this causes spatial disjointness violations (CNS/PNS)
synonym: "root of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:14060]
synonym: "spinal neural root" EXACT [FMA:14060]
xref: FMA:14060
xref: GAID:717
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.725
xref: SCTID:362436008
xref: UMLS:C0037940
xref: ZFA:0005578
xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Nerve_Root
is_a: UBERON:0002211  ! nerve root
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0002211  ! nerve root
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009624
name: lumbar nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The lumbar nerves are the five spinal nerves emerging from the lumbar vertebrae. They are divided into posterior and anterior divisions." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_nerves]
synonym: "lumbar spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5861]
synonym: "nervi lumbales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lumbar_nerves]
xref: FMA:5861
xref: SCTID:361600002
xref: UMLS:C0228897
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray802.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001780  ! spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009625
name: sacral nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The five sacral nerves emerge from the sacrum. Although the vertebral components of the sacrum are fused into a single bone, the sacral vertebrae are still used to number the sacral nerves. Posteriorly, they emerge from the posterior sacral foramina, and form the posterior branches of sacral nerves. Anteriorly, they emerge from the anterior sacral foramina, and contribute to the sacral plexus (S1-S4) and coccygeal plexus." [Wikipedia:Sacral_nerves]
synonym: "nervi sacrales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sacral_nerves]
synonym: "sacral spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5862]
xref: FMA:5862
xref: SCTID:361601003
xref: UMLS:C0228922
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray802.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001780  ! spinal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009629
name: coccygeal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The coccygeal nerve is the spinal nerve that corresponds to the coccyx bone." [Wikipedia:Coccygeal_nerve]
synonym: "coccygeal spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5863]
synonym: "nervus coccygeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coccygeal_nerve]
xref: FMA:5863
xref: SCTID:287477006
xref: UMLS:C0228967
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray802.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Coccygeal_Nerve
is_a: UBERON:0001780  ! spinal nerve
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009630
name: root of thoracic nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal nerve root that is part of a thoracic nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve root part of thoracic spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF]
synonym: "thoracic nerve root" EXACT [FMA:14064]
synonym: "thoracic neural root" EXACT [FMA:14064]
xref: FMA:14064
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_836
is_a: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003726 ! thoracic nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003726 ! thoracic nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009631
name: root of lumbar spinal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal nerve root that is part of a lumbar nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lumbar spinal nerve root" EXACT [FMA:16421]
synonym: "lumbar spinal neural root" EXACT [FMA:16421]
synonym: "nerve root part of lumbar spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF]
xref: FMA:16421
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1613
xref: SCTID:180968005
xref: UMLS:C0581666
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Spinal_Nerve_Root
is_a: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009624 ! lumbar nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009624 ! lumbar nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009632
name: root of cervical nerve
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cervical neural root" EXACT [FMA:16422]
synonym: "cervical spinal root" EXACT [FMA:16422]
synonym: "nerve root part of cervical spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF]
synonym: "root of cervical spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:16422]
xref: FMA:16422
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_955
xref: SCTID:180966009
xref: UMLS:C0581631
xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Spinal_Nerve_Root
is_a: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000962 ! nerve of cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009633
name: root of sacral nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal nerve root that is part of a sacral nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nerve root part of sacral spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF]
synonym: "root of sacral spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:18028]
synonym: "sacral neural root" EXACT [FMA:18028]
xref: FMA:18028
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1518
xref: SCTID:244454000
xref: UMLS:C0581672
xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Spinal_Nerve_Root
is_a: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009625 ! sacral nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009625 ! sacral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009634
name: root of coccygeal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A spinal nerve root that is part of a coccygeal nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "coccygeal neural root" EXACT [FMA:18131]
synonym: "coccygeal spinal nerve root" EXACT [FMA:18131]
synonym: "root of coccygeal spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:18131]
xref: FMA:18131
is_a: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009629 ! coccygeal nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0009623  ! spinal nerve root
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009629 ! coccygeal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009635
name: parachordal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "Chondrocranium chondrification center that fuses with cartilages derived from sclerotome region of occipital somites forming occipital bone, hypoglossal canals and foramen magnum." [ISBN10:1588903958, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "parachordal cartilages" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001423]
xref: TAO:0001423
xref: UMLS:C1518887
xref: ZFA:0001423
xref: ncithesaurus:Parachordal_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003110 ! otic region
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005902 ! occipital region
property_value: external_definition "Rod-shaped paired cartilages on either side of the notochord. They unite, forming the base of the chondrocranium and are replaced by the prootic bones.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009636
name: prechordal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "Chondrocranium chondrification center that that forms anterior body of sphenoid, containing the sella turcica and posterior body of sphenoid." [ISBN10:1588903958, UBERON:cjm]
comment: classified as part of chondrocranium based on developmental relationships
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009637
name: alisphenoid ossification center
namespace: uberon
synonym: "alisphenoid center" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0010355  ! ossification center

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009638
name: orbitosphenoid ossification center
namespace: uberon
comment: merge with sphenoid lesser wing cartilage condensation?
synonym: "orbitosphenoid center" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0010355  ! ossification center

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009639
name: body of sphenoid
namespace: uberon
def: "The body of the sphenoid bone, more or less cubical in shape, is hollowed out in its interior to form two large cavities, the sphenoidal air sinuses, which are separated from each other by a septum." [Wikipedia:Body_of_sphenoid_bone]
synonym: "Entire body of sphenoid bone" EXACT []
synonym: "body of sphenoidal bone" EXACT [FMA:52867]
synonym: "central body of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:52867]
synonym: "corpus (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52867]
synonym: "corpus ossis sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_sphenoid_bone]
synonym: "sphenoid body" EXACT [FMA:52867]
xref: FMA:52867
xref: SCTID:140491003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Gray146.png
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009636 ! prechordal cartilage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009640 ! hypophyseal cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009640
name: hypophyseal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "forms around the developing pituitary, and together with prechordal cartilages creates body of sphenoid bone" [ISBN10:1588903958]
comment: classified as part of chondrocranium based on developmental relationships
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009641
name: ansa lenticularis
namespace: uberon
def: "The ansa lenticularis (ansa lentiformis in older texts) is a part of the brain, making up the superior layer of the substantia innominata of Meynert. Its fibers, derived from the medullary lamina of the lentiform nucleus, pass medially to end in the thalamus and subthalamic region, while others are said to end in the tegmentum and red nucleus. It is classified by NeuroNames as part of the subthalamus." [Wikipedia:Ansa_lenticularis]
synonym: "ansa lenticularis in thalamo" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "ansa lenticularis in thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62070]
synonym: "ventral peduncle of lateral forebrain bundle" EXACT [FMA:62070]
xref: FMA:62070
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010011
xref: SCTID:37467007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/DA-loops_in_PD.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0002730  ! regional part of thalamus
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009643
name: central tegmental tract
namespace: uberon
def: "The central tegmental tract is a structure in the midbrain and pons. The central tegmental tract includes ascending axonal fibers which arise from the rostral nucleus solitarius and terminate in the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) of thalamus. Information from the thalamus will go to cortical taste area, namely the insula and frontal operculum. It also contains descending axonal fibers from the parvocellular red nucleus. The descending axons will project to the inferior olivary nucleus. This latter pathway will be used to connect the contralateral cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Central_tegmental_tract]
xref: FMA:83850
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010012
xref: SCTID:369034000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Midbrainsuperiorcolliculus.png
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009644
name: trachea non-cartilage connective tissue
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001859
is_a: UBERON:0003571  ! trachea connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009645
name: ampullary gland
namespace: uberon
def: "fusiform enlargement of the deferent duct, as it passes across the bladder wall, due to proliferation of glandular tissue in the regionally folded mucosa." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ampullary+gland]
comment: Ampullary glands are situated in an ampulla-like enlargement of the seminal duct, or embedded in the latter; they are present, eg in the Shrew, Ruminants, and certain Carnivores and Rodents. (Wiedersheim et al., 1907)[MorphoBank]
synonym: "ampullary gland of seminal duct" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000400
xref: UMLS:C2698103
xref: ncithesaurus:Ampullary_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0005399  ! male reproductive gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006946 ! efferent duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009646
name: lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "A sympathetic nerve trunk that is part of a lower back." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001163
xref: UMLS:C1708762
xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Sympathetic_Nerve_Trunk
is_a: UBERON:0004295  ! sympathetic nerve trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back
intersection_of: UBERON:0004295  ! sympathetic nerve trunk
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009647
name: tympanic membrane epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the two epithelia which make up the tympanic membrane (along with the fibrous layer)" [PMID:11237469, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "tympanic epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001224]
synonym: "tympanic membrane epithelial layer" EXACT []
xref: MA:0001224
xref: SCTID:70839004
xref: UMLS:C1711401
xref: ncithesaurus:Tympanic_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010071  ! layer of tympanic membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002364 ! tympanic membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002364 ! tympanic membrane
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010070  ! intermediate layer of tympanic membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009648
name: eyelid subcutaneous connective tissue
namespace: uberon
synonym: "superficial fascia of eyelid" RELATED [FMA:63975]
xref: FMA:63975
xref: MA:0001252
xref: UMLS:C1707991
xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid_Subcutaneous_Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003581  ! eyelid connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001457 ! skin of eyelid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis
intersection_of: UBERON:0003581  ! eyelid connective tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009650
name: cortical arch of kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "The portions of renal substance (cortex) intervening between the bases of the pyramids and the capsule of the kidney." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=5968]
synonym: "cortical arches of kidney" RELATED PLURAL []
xref: MA:0001650
xref: UMLS:C1511525
xref: ncithesaurus:Cortical_Arch
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002189 ! outer cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009651
name: nephron tubule basement membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "A basement membrane that is part of a nephron tubule." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "kidney tubule basement membrane" EXACT [MA:0001680]
synonym: "renal tubule basement membrane" EXACT [MA:0001680]
xref: MA:0001680
xref: UMLS:C1709901
xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Tubule_Basement_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004810 ! nephron tubule epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009652
name: bronchus basement membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "A basement membrane that is part of a bronchus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001832
xref: UMLS:C1707051
xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Basement_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0003592  ! bronchus connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002031 ! epithelium of bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009653
name: trachea basement membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "A basement membrane that is part of a trachea." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001854
xref: UMLS:C1710455
xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Basement_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001901 ! epithelium of trachea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009644 ! trachea non-cartilage connective tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009654
name: alveolar artery
namespace: uberon
comment: add child terms
xref: MA:0001913
xref: UMLS:C1706783
xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009655
name: auricular artery
namespace: uberon
comment: add child terms
xref: MA:0001918
xref: UMLS:C1706858
xref: ncithesaurus:Auricular_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009656
name: obsolete frontal artery
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: insufficiently defined

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009657
name: labial artery
namespace: uberon
comment: add child terms
xref: MA:0001987
xref: UMLS:C1708633
xref: ncithesaurus:Labial_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009658
name: pancreaticoduodenal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Pancreaticoduodenal_artery]
synonym: "arteriae pancreaticoduodenales" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "pancreatico-duodenal artery" EXACT [MA:0002013]
xref: MA:0002013
xref: UMLS:C1709455
xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatico-Duodenal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009659
name: spermatic artery
namespace: uberon
comment: add child terms
xref: MA:0002040
xref: UMLS:C0226409
xref: ncithesaurus:Spermatic_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0010192  ! genital artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009660
name: adrenal vein
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002081
xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009661
name: midbrain nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "Nucleus located in the midbrain." [ZFIN:curator]
xref: SCTID:279285003
xref: TAO:0002209
xref: ZFA:0001665
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0002950  ! regional part of midbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009662
name: hindbrain nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "Nucleus located within the hindbrain." [ZFIN:curator]
xref: TAO:0002177
xref: ZFA:0001658
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009663
name: telencephalic nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a telencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: TAO:0002178
xref: ZFA:0001660
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009664
name: gut mesentery
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004566
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009668
name: ventral mesentery
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004569
xref: SCTID:361430000
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009664 ! gut mesentery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009669
name: embryonic cloacal lumen
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space that surrounded_by a embryonic cloaca." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004586
is_a: UBERON:0012463  ! cloacal lumen
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0009846 ! embryonic cloacal epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009670
name: rectal lumen
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space that surrounded_by a rectum." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lumen of rectum" EXACT [FMA:14598]
xref: EHDAA2:0004587
xref: FMA:14598
xref: SCTID:259740004
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0009669 ! embryonic cloacal lumen
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012465 ! lumen of terminal part of digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001052 ! rectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009671
name: nasal fin
namespace: uberon
def: "The nasal fin is an epithelial seam that develops by fusion between the epithelial linings of the medial and lateral nasal swellings. Shortly after its formation the nasal fin regresses and is replaced by mesenchyme, with exception of its most posterior portion which remains as the bucconasal membrane." [DOI:10.1002/aja.1001500308]
xref: EHDAA2:0004548
is_a: UBERON:0004906  ! ectodermal gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002424 ! oral epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005384 ! nasal cavity epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009672
name: oronasal membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "The oronasal membrane separates the oral cavity and nasal cavity. In humans, the oronasal membrane ruptures during the seventh week, producing a single, large oronasal cavity" [http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/martini10/chapter24/custom3/deluxe-content.html]
comment: split into two?
synonym: "bucconasal membrane" EXACT [EHDAA:7840]
xref: EHDAA2:0000188
xref: EHDAA:7840
xref: EHDAA:7984
is_a: UBERON:0004906  ! ectodermal gut
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009671 ! nasal fin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005384 ! nasal cavity epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009673
name: accessory XI nerve cranial component
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors/usage notes: May be obsoleted in future. WP states: Traditional descriptions of the accessory nerve divide it into two parts: a spinal part and a cranial part.[1] But because the cranial component rapidly joins the vagus nerve and serves the same function as other vagal nerve fibers, modern descriptions often consider the cranial component part of the vagus nerve and not part of the accessory nerve proper.[2] Thus in contemporary discussions of the accessory nerve, the common practice is to dismiss the cranial part altogether, referring to the accessory nerve specifically as the spinal accessory nerve.
xref: EHDAA2:0000107
xref: EHDAA:5574
xref: EMAPA:17266
xref: MA:0001089
xref: VHOG:0001174
is_a: UBERON:0001785  ! cranial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002019 ! accessory XI nerve
property_value: homology_notes "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009674
name: accessory XI nerve spinal component
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000108
xref: EHDAA:5576
xref: EMAPA:17160
xref: MA:0001090
xref: VHOG:0001115
is_a: UBERON:0001780  ! spinal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002019 ! accessory XI nerve
property_value: homology_notes "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009675
name: facial VII nerve chorda tympani branch
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000490
xref: EHDAA:3719
xref: EMAPA:18217
xref: MA:0001092
xref: VHOG:0001343
is_a: UBERON:0001647  ! facial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009676
name: early telencephalic vesicle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "early telencephalic ventricle" RELATED []
synonym: "early telencephalic vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001981]
xref: EFO:0003562
xref: EHDAA2:0001981
xref: EHDAA:1993
xref: EHDAA:2671
xref: EMAPA:16914
is_a: UBERON:0013150  ! future brain vesicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006284 ! early prosencephalic vesicle
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009678
name: tooth row
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of adjacent teeth constituting a row." [ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "dental arcade" EXACT [FMA:59415]
synonym: "row of teeth" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "tooth rows" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001642]
xref: FMA:59415
xref: TAO:0001667
xref: ZFA:0001642
is_a: UBERON:0003672  ! dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009679
name: set of lower jaw teeth
namespace: uberon
def: "A tooth row that is part of a skeleton of lower jaw." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arcus dentalis inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "lower dental arcade" EXACT [FMA:55635]
synonym: "lower jaw teeth" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001029]
synonym: "mandibular dental arcade" RELATED [FMA:55635]
synonym: "set of all lower teeth" EXACT [FMA:55635]
xref: EHDAA2:0001029
xref: FMA:55635
is_a: UBERON:0009678  ! tooth row
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw
intersection_of: UBERON:0009678  ! tooth row
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009680
name: set of upper jaw teeth
namespace: uberon
def: "A tooth row that is part of a skeleton of upper jaw." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "arcus dentalis superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "maxillary dental arcade" RELATED [FMA:55634]
synonym: "set of all upper teeth" EXACT [FMA:55634]
synonym: "upper dental arcade" EXACT [FMA:55634]
synonym: "upper jaw teeth" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002129]
xref: EHDAA2:0002129
xref: FMA:55634
is_a: UBERON:0009678  ! tooth row
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
intersection_of: UBERON:0009678  ! tooth row
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009687
name: middle cardiac vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle cardiac vein commences at the apex of the heart, ascends in the posterior longitudinal sulcus, and ends in the coronary sinus near its right extremity." [Wikipedia:Middle_cardiac_vein]
synonym: "lesser cardiac vein" EXACT [FMA:4713]
synonym: "posterior interventricular vein" EXACT [FMA:4713]
synonym: "vena cardiaca media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cardiac_vein]
xref: EHDAA2:0004509
xref: FMA:4713
xref: SCTID:277729002
xref: UMLS:C0226660
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Cardiac_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0004148  ! cardiac vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009688
name: posterior inferior cerebellar artery
namespace: uberon
synonym: "posterior inferior cerebellar artery" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000660]
xref: EHDAA2:0000660
xref: FMA:50518
xref: SCTID:244212001
xref: UMLS:C0149573
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Inferior_Cerebellar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001535 ! vertebral artery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001535 ! vertebral artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001535 ! vertebral artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009689
name: anterior inferior cerebellar artery
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000587
xref: FMA:50544
xref: SCTID:244213006
xref: UMLS:C0226245
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Inferior_Cerebellar_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001633 ! basilar artery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001633 ! basilar artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001633 ! basilar artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003472 ! cerebellar artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009692
name: lumen of pharyngotympanic tube
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors note: Check relationships for conformance with AAO and XAO
synonym: "auditory tube lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004118]
synonym: "lumen of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:60079]
synonym: "lumen of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60079]
synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube lumen" EXACT [FMA:60079]
xref: EHDAA2:0004118
xref: FMA:60079
is_a: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
is_a: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0010060 ! pharyngeal opening of pharyngotympanic tube
relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0005625 ! tubotympanic recess
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0010062 ! pharyngotympanic tube epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009695
name: epithelium of laryngopharynx
namespace: uberon
synonym: "epithelium of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [FMA:62454]
synonym: "laryngopharynx epithelium" EXACT [FMA:62454]
xref: EHDAA2:0004575
xref: FMA:62454
is_a: UBERON:0003351  ! pharyngeal epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 ! early pharyngeal endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009697
name: epithelium of appendix
namespace: uberon
synonym: "appendix epithelium" EXACT [FMA:63581]
synonym: "epithelium of vermiform appendix" EXACT [FMA:63581]
xref: EHDAA2:0004561
xref: FMA:63581
is_a: UBERON:0005636  ! caecum epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005636 ! caecum epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004989 ! mucosa of appendix
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009708
name: dorsal pancreas
namespace: uberon
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "pancreatis dorsalis" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0001371
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005177  ! trunk organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010375 ! pancreas dorsal primordium
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003923 ! dorsal pancreatic bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009709
name: ventral pancreas
namespace: uberon
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
synonym: "pancreatis ventralis" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0001393
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005177  ! trunk organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010376 ! pancreas ventral primordium
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003924 ! ventral pancreatic bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009712
name: endocardium of right ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Endocardium of ventricle which is continuous tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve  and with the tunica intima of the pulmonary trunk." [FMA:9536]
synonym: "endocardial lining of right ventricle" RELATED [EMAPA:17341]
synonym: "right ventricle endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0001235]
synonym: "right ventricle endocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0001235]
synonym: "right ventricular endocardium" EXACT [FMA:9536]
xref: EHDAA2:0002188
xref: EMAPA:17341
xref: FMA:9536
xref: SCTID:8911002
xref: VHOG:0001235
is_a: UBERON:0001081  ! endocardium of ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006567 ! right ventricle myocardium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001081  ! endocardium of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009713
name: endocardium of left ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Endocardium of ventricle which is continuous with mitral valve , aortic valve, atrioventricular septum and the tunica intima of the aorta." [FMA:9559]
synonym: "endocardial lining of left ventricle" RELATED [EMAPA:17338]
synonym: "left ventricle endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0001233]
synonym: "left ventricle endocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0001233]
synonym: "left ventricular endocardium" EXACT [FMA:9559]
xref: EHDAA2:0002182
xref: EMAPA:17338
xref: FMA:9559
xref: SCTID:191004004
xref: VHOG:0001233
is_a: UBERON:0001081  ! endocardium of ventricle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006566 ! left ventricle myocardium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006283 ! primitive ventricle of heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001081  ! endocardium of ventricle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009714
name: intermaxillary process
namespace: uberon
def: "the primordial mass of tissue formed by the merging of the medial nasal prominences of the embryo; it contributes to the intermaxillary portion of the upper jaw, the prolabial portion of the upper lip, and the primary palate." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=intermaxillary+segment]
comment: Editors note: requires verification. Note EHDAA2 has this as coming from both lateral and medial prominences. See also: median cleft lip
synonym: "globular process" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Intermaxillary_segment]
synonym: "globular processes of his" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Intermaxillary_segment]
synonym: "intermaxillary segment" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intermaxillary_segment]
xref: EHDAA2:0000868
xref: EHDAA:7856
is_a: UBERON:0009292  ! embryonic nasal process
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009715
name: stomodeal cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a stomodeum." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009719
name: siphon
namespace: uberon
def: "tubular appendage for drawing or ejecting fluids" []
xref: BTO:0002056
is_a: UBERON:0000026  ! appendage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009894 ! siphon primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009722
name: entire pharyngeal arch endoderm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "pharyngeal arch endoderm" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004621]
xref: EHDAA2:0004621
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009731
name: sublaminar layers S3 or S4
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S3 or S4." [GOC:plr]
xref: CP:0001040
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008924  ! sublaminar layer S3
union_of: UBERON:0008925  ! sublaminar layer S4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009732
name: sublaminar layers S1 or S2 or S5
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S1, S2, or S5." [GOC:plr]
xref: CP:0001041
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008922  ! sublaminar layer S1
union_of: UBERON:0008923  ! sublaminar layer S2
union_of: UBERON:0008926  ! sublaminar layer S5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009733
name: sublaminar layers S1 or S2 or S3
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S1, S2, or S3." [GOC:plr]
xref: CP:0001042
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008922  ! sublaminar layer S1
union_of: UBERON:0008923  ! sublaminar layer S2
union_of: UBERON:0008924  ! sublaminar layer S3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009734
name: sublaminar layers S2 or S3 or S4
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S2, S3, or S4." [GOC:plr]
xref: CP:0001043
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008923  ! sublaminar layer S2
union_of: UBERON:0008924  ! sublaminar layer S3
union_of: UBERON:0008925  ! sublaminar layer S4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009735
name: sublaminar layers S1 or S3 or S4
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S1, S3, or S4." [GOC:plr]
xref: CP:0001044
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008922  ! sublaminar layer S1
union_of: UBERON:0008924  ! sublaminar layer S3
union_of: UBERON:0008925  ! sublaminar layer S4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009736
name: sublaminar layers S3 or S4 or S5
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S3, S4, or S5." [GOC:plr]
xref: CP:0001045
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008924  ! sublaminar layer S3
union_of: UBERON:0008925  ! sublaminar layer S4
union_of: UBERON:0008926  ! sublaminar layer S5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009737
name: sublaminar layers S1 or S2 or S3 or S4
namespace: uberon
def: "One of sublaminar layers S1, S2, S3, or S4." [GOC:plr]
xref: CP:0001046
is_a: UBERON:0008921  ! substratum of layer of retina
union_of: UBERON:0008922  ! sublaminar layer S1
union_of: UBERON:0008923  ! sublaminar layer S2
union_of: UBERON:0008924  ! sublaminar layer S3
union_of: UBERON:0008925  ! sublaminar layer S4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009738
name: border of sublaminar layers S1 and S2
namespace: uberon
def: "The region extending out from the boundary between layers S1 and S2." [GOC:plr, UBERON:cjm]
xref: CP:0001038
is_a: UBERON:0009740  ! border between sublaminar layers
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008927 ! sublaminar layers S1 or S2
intersection_of: UBERON:0009740  ! border between sublaminar layers
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009739
name: border of sublaminar layers S3 and S4
namespace: uberon
def: "The region extending out from the boundary between sublaminar layers S3 and S4." [GOC:plr, UBERON:cjm]
xref: CP:0001039
is_a: UBERON:0009740  ! border between sublaminar layers
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009731 ! sublaminar layers S3 or S4
intersection_of: UBERON:0009740  ! border between sublaminar layers
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009740
name: border between sublaminar layers
namespace: uberon
def: "A region of the retina corresponding to a portion of two adjacent substratum layers." [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009741
name: tailbud stage
namespace: uberon
def: "Any of the developmental stages from Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 20 to stage 44 (feeding), including the beginning of hatching (NF stage 35/36)." [ISBN:0815318960]
xref: XAO:1000007
is_a: UBERON:0000068  ! embryo stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009742
name: proamniotic cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "the cavity of the developing embryo that is formed within the epiblast tissue prior to the closing of the proamniotic canal by the amniotic folds" [MP:0011197]
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009743
name: visceral yolk sac cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "the closed space containing the yolk, formed by the fusion of the edges of the embryonic epiblast (hypoblast) and later surrounded by the visceral yolk sac (hypoblast and visceral yolk sac mesoderm)" [MP:0011201]
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0008852 ! visceral yolk sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008852 ! visceral yolk sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0008852 ! visceral yolk sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009744
name: lymph node medullary sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "the channels in the lymph node medulla that separate the medullary cords and are crossed by a reticulum of cells and fibers and bounded by littoral cells; lymph flows through the medullary sinus from the cortical sinuses and into the efferent lymphatic vessels" [MP:0011222]
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002007 ! medulla of lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009745
name: lymph node medullary cord
namespace: uberon
def: "the dense rope-like structures of lymphatic tissue located between the medullary sinuses in the medulla of a lymph node" [MP:0011224]
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0009744 ! lymph node medullary sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002007 ! medulla of lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009746
name: head fold of embryonic disc
namespace: uberon
def: "the crescent-shaped, ventrally located fold of the embryonic disc at the future cephalic end of the developing embryo" [MP:0011257]
synonym: "head fold" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:361453004
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009747
name: tail fold of embryonic disc
namespace: uberon
def: "the crescent-shaped, ventrally located fold of the embryonic disc at the future caudal end of the developing embryo" [MP:0011258]
synonym: "tail fold" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:361439004
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009748
name: cephalic neural fold
namespace: uberon
def: "the elevated margins of the neural groove that are located in the future cephalic region of the embryo" [MP:0011259]
xref: EMAPA:16090
is_a: UBERON:0005062  ! neural fold

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009749
name: limb mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "the primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing limbs, autopods and digits, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to limb connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with myotome cells." [MP:0011261]
comment: AO notes: EMAPA mapping from TH
synonym: "limb mesoderm" RELATED [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782]
xref: EMAPA:32705
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009751
name: cardiac mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing cardiac structures" [MP:0011264]
comment: Editor note: decide whether to merge with cardiac mesoderm. Check start/end stages
xref: EHDAA2:0004162
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009752
name: pancreas mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing pancreas" [MP:0011265]
xref: EFO:0002557
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009753
name: adrenal gland cortex zone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "adrenal cortical region" EXACT [FMA:69086]
synonym: "region of adrenal cortex" RELATED [FMA:69086]
xref: FMA:69086
xref: MA:0001887
xref: SCTID:68594002
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009755
name: spermaceti
namespace: uberon
def: "wax present in the head cavities of the sperm whale." [Wikipedia:Spermaceti]
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009756
name: spermaceti organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ that secretes a spermaceti." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: organ_slim  ! organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Sperm_whale_head_anatomy.svg/1000px-Sperm_whale_head_anatomy.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: secretes UBERON:0009755 ! spermaceti
intersection_of: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0009755 ! spermaceti

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009757
name: ambergris
namespace: uberon
def: "a biliary secretion of the intestines of the sperm whale." [Wikipedia:Ambergris]
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009758
name: abdominal ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "A ganglion that is part of a abdominal segment of trunk." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: SCTID:280508003
is_a: UBERON:0007134  ! trunk ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009767
name: proximal interphalangeal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "An inter-phalangeal joint that connects a proximal phalanx." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "PIJ joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
synonym: "PIP joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
xref: FMA:65022
is_a: UBERON:0006658  ! inter-phalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx
relationship: connects UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0006658  ! inter-phalangeal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009768
name: distal interphalangeal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "An inter-phalangeal joint that connects a distal phalanx." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "DIJ joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
synonym: "DIP joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand]
xref: FMA:65024
is_a: UBERON:0006658  ! inter-phalangeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx
relationship: connects UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx
intersection_of: UBERON:0006658  ! inter-phalangeal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009769
name: left common cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: the left duct atrophies at metamorphosis in the lamprey (22)[PMID:20959416, S1]
synonym: "common cardinal vein left " EXACT [EHDAA2:0000304]
xref: EHDAA2:0000304
xref: FMA:70311
xref: SCTID:361506000
is_a: UBERON:0002064  ! common cardinal vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004344 ! cardinal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009771
name: left anterior cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "left precardinal vein" EXACT [FMA:70313]
synonym: "precardinal vein left" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000127]
xref: EHDAA2:0000127
xref: FMA:70313
xref: SCTID:361502003
is_a: UBERON:0003087  ! anterior cardinal vein
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0003087  ! anterior cardinal vein
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009772
name: right anterior cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "precardinal vein right" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004537]
synonym: "right precardinal vein" EXACT [FMA:70312]
xref: EHDAA2:0004537
xref: FMA:70312
xref: SCTID:361503008
is_a: UBERON:0003087  ! anterior cardinal vein
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0003087  ! anterior cardinal vein
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009773
name: renal tubule
namespace: uberon
def: "A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis." [GO:0061333, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "renal tubule (generic)" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "tubule of excretory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009774
name: embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary
namespace: uberon
comment: merge with presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary?
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006238 ! future brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009775
name: lateral medullary reticular complex
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral group of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:72573]
synonym: "lateral medullary reticular group" EXACT [FMA:72573]
synonym: "lateral reticular formation of the medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:72573]
xref: FMA:72573
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007245  ! nuclear complex of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 ! medullary reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009776
name: intermediate reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3413098&group_id=36855]
xref: TAO:0000219
xref: ZFA:0000219
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
is_a: UBERON:0007245  ! nuclear complex of neuraxis
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 ! medullary reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009777
name: intermediate reticular nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that is part of a intermediate reticular formation." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: ABA:IRN
xref: FMA:84336
is_a: UBERON:0002579  ! regional part of medullary reticular formation
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009776 ! intermediate reticular formation
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009776 ! intermediate reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009778
name: pleural sac
namespace: uberon
def: "Serous sac, which has as parts the pleura and the pleural cavity. Examples: There are only two canonical instances, right and left pleural sacs." [FMA:9690]
xref: FMA:9690
xref: SCTID:361996004
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005906  ! serous sac
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009779
name: cardiac muscle tissue of right auricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right atrium auricular region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of right auricular region" EXACT [EMAPA:16826]
synonym: "left atrium auricular region heart muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004168]
synonym: "right auricular region cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0000611]
synonym: "right auricular region myocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0000611]
xref: EHDAA2:0004168
xref: EMAPA:16826
xref: EMAPA:17324
xref: FMA:84280
xref: VHOG:0000611
is_a: UBERON:0003378  ! cardiac muscle of auricular region
is_a: UBERON:0003379  ! cardiac muscle of right atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006631 ! right atrium auricular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006631 ! right atrium auricular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009780
name: cardiac muscle tissue of left auricle
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left atrium auricular region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cardiac muscle of left auricular region" EXACT [EMAPA:16818]
synonym: "right atrium auricular region heart muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004169]
xref: EHDAA2:0004169
xref: EMAPA:16818
xref: EMAPA:17318
xref: FMA:84281
is_a: UBERON:0003378  ! cardiac muscle of auricular region
is_a: UBERON:0003380  ! cardiac muscle of left atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006630 ! left atrium auricular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006630 ! left atrium auricular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009834
name: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL-PFC or DLPFC), according to a more restricted definition, is roughly equivalent to Brodmann areas 9 and 46.[1] According to a broader definition DL-PFC consists of the lateral portions of Brodmann areas 9 b 12, of areas 45, 46, and the superior part of area 47.[2] These regions mainly receive their blood supply from the middle cerebral artery. With respect to neurotransmitter systems, there is evidence that dopamine plays a particularly important role in DL-PFC.[2]DL-PFC is connected to the orbitofrontal cortex, and to a variety of brain areas, which include the thalamus, parts of the basal ganglia (the dorsal caudate nucleus), the hippocampus, and primary and secondary association areas of neocortex, including posterior temporal, parietal, and occipital areas" [Wikipedia:Dorsolateral_prefrontal_cortex]
comment: check dorsolateral prefrontal neocortex
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0006483 ! brodmann (1909) area 46
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009835
name: anterior cingulate cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "the frontal part of the cingulate cortex, that resembles a 'collar' form around the corpus callosum, the fibrous bundle that relays neural signals between the right and left cerebral hemispheres of the brain. It includes both the ventral and dorsal areas of the cingulate cortex, and appears to play a role in a wide variety of autonomic functions, such as regulating blood pressure and heart rate, as well as rational cognitive functions, such as reward anticipation, decision-making, empathy[1] and emotion." [Wikipedia:Anterior_cingulate_cortex]
xref: BTO:0004249
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_936
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Gray727_anterior_cingulate_cortex.png
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003027 ! cingulate cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009840
name: lower rhombic lip
namespace: uberon
def: "Posterior portion of the rhombic lip contained within rhombomeres 2-8.  Gives rise to several brainstem nuclei and choroid plexus." [ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "caudal rhombic lip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: TAO:0001441
xref: ZFA:0001441
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006215 ! rhombic lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009841
name: upper rhombic lip
namespace: uberon
def: "Anterior-most region of dorsal hindbrain within rhombomere 1, adjacent the midbrain-hindbrain boundary." [ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "cerebellar anlage" EXACT [ZFA:0001442]
synonym: "presumptive cerebellum" EXACT [ZFA:0001442]
synonym: "rostral rhombic lip" EXACT [DHB:URL]
xref: TAO:0001442
xref: ZFA:0001442
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003052 ! midbrain-hindbrain boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006215 ! rhombic lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009842
name: acinus
namespace: uberon
def: "An acinus refers to any cluster of cells that resembles a many-lobed \"berry,\" such as a raspberry (acinus is Latin for berry). The berry-shaped termination of an exocrine gland, where the secretion is produced is acinar in form, as is the alveolar sac containing multiple alveoli in the lungs." [Wikipedia:Acinus]
synonym: "acini" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Acinus]
synonym: "glandular acinus" RELATED []
xref: FMA:55588
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Gray1105.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
property_value: has_relational_adjective "acinar" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009844
name: urogenital sinus lumen
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space that surrounded_by a primitive urogenital sinus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002142
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0009669 ! embryonic cloacal lumen
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0004902 ! urogenital sinus epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009845
name: urogenital sinus mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that surrounds primitive urogenital sinus." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Androgen receptor (AR) activation releases instructive signals from UGM that acts on UGS epithelium (UGE) to stimulate cell proliferation, form prostate ductal progenitors (prostatic buds), and regulate cell adhesion dynamics to permit prostatic bud outgrowth
synonym: "UGM" EXACT ABBREVIATION [PMID:18977204]
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009846
name: embryonic cloacal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a embryonic cloaca." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cloacal epithelium" BROAD [EHDAA2:0004585]
xref: EHDAA2:0004585
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012481  ! cloacal epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003353 ! epithelium of hindgut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009847
name: prostate field
namespace: uberon
def: "a specific region of the urogenital sinus epithelium into the area in which the prostate gland will develop." [GO:0060515, GOC:dph, PMID:18977204]
synonym: "prostate primordium" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004902  ! urogenital sinus epithelium
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0009845 ! urogenital sinus mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004902 ! urogenital sinus epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009848
name: zona limitans intrathalamica
namespace: uberon
def: "A narrow stripe of cells that lies between the prospective dorsal and ventral thalami. This boundary contains signals that pattern the prethalamic and thalamic territories of the future mid-diencephalon." [GO:0022006, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, GO_REF:0000021, PMID:11425897, PMID:16452095, Wikipedia:Zona_limitans_intrathalamica]
synonym: "ZLI" EXACT [GO:0022006]
xref: TAO:0001344
xref: ZFA:0001344
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004703 ! dorsal thalamus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0004703 ! dorsal thalamus
property_value: external_definition "The border between the dorsal and ventral thalamus.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009849
name: tadpole stage
namespace: uberon
def: "wholly aquatic larval stage in the life cycle of an amphibian, particularly of a frog or toad[WP]. XAO: The stages from feeding to the end of metamorphosis. Encompasses Weisz's first-form tadpole (equivalent to NF stages 45 to 49), second-form tadpole (NF 49 to 56) and third-form tadpole (NF 56 to 60-plus) stages." [ISBN:0471209627, ISSN:0003-276X, Wikipedia:Tadpole]
xref: XAO:1000008
is_a: UBERON:0000069  ! larval stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009851
name: border of sublaminar layers S4 and S5
namespace: uberon
def: "The intersection of sublaminar layers S4 and S5." [GOC:tfm]
is_a: UBERON:0009740  ! border between sublaminar layers
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008929 ! sublaminar layers S4 or S5
intersection_of: UBERON:0009740  ! border between sublaminar layers
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009852
name: border of sublaminar layers S2 and S3
namespace: uberon
def: "The intersection of sublaminar layers S2 and S3." [GOC:tfm]
is_a: UBERON:0009740  ! border between sublaminar layers
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008928 ! sublaminar layers S2 or S3
intersection_of: UBERON:0009740  ! border between sublaminar layers
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009854
name: digestive tract diverticulum
namespace: uberon
def: "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "diverticulum of gut" RELATED [FBbt:00100316]
synonym: "intestinal pouch" RELATED []
xref: FBbt:00100316
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
is_a: UBERON:0009856  ! sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0009856  ! sac
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009856
name: sac
namespace: uberon
synonym: "diverticulum" RELATED []
synonym: "pouch" EXACT []
xref: galen:Diverticulum
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009857
name: cavum septum pellucidum
namespace: uberon
def: "Space enclosed within the laminae of the septum pelludicum, the membranous partition that seperates the frontal horns of the ventricle. contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that filters from the ventricles through the septal laminae. bounded anteriorly by the genu of the corpus callosum; superiorly by the body of the corpus callosum; posteriorly by the anterior limb and pillars of the fornix; inferiorly by the anterior commissure and the rostrum of the corpus callosum; and laterally by the leaflets of the septum pellucidum. In humans, present in 100% of fetuses, but over 85% of them fuse by 3b6 months after birth." [BTO:0003447, Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum]
synonym: "cave of septum pellucidum" EXACT [FMA:61874]
synonym: "cavum of septum pellucidum" EXACT [FMA:61874]
synonym: "cavum septi pellucidi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum]
synonym: "fifth ventricle" RELATED [FMA:61874, Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum]
synonym: "septum pellucidum cave" EXACT [FMA:61874]
synonym: "ventriculus septi pellucidi" EXACT [FMA:61874]
xref: BTO:0003447
xref: FMA:61874
xref: SCTID:180933005
xref: UMLS:C0228158
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/CavumSeptumPellucidumDiagram.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Fifth_Ventricle
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0004714 ! septum pellucidum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004714 ! septum pellucidum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0004714 ! septum pellucidum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009858
name: outer fibrous layer of periosteum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "capsular layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234354]
synonym: "external layer of periosteum" EXACT []
synonym: "external periosteum" EXACT []
synonym: "fibrous layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234354]
synonym: "outer fibrous layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234354]
xref: FMA:234354
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011822 ! dense irregular connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002515 ! periosteum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009859
name: endosteum
namespace: uberon
def: "a thin layer of connective tissue that lines the surface of the bony tissue that forms the medullary cavity of long bones" [Wikipedia:Endosteum]
xref: FMA:32692
xref: SCTID:57487002
xref: UMLS:C0222658
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Endosteum
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002484 ! bone marrow cavity
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011825 ! loose connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone
property_value: has_relational_adjective "endosteal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009870
name: zone of stomach
namespace: uberon
def: "A division of the stomach. The stomach can be divided based on mucosal histology (glandular epithelium and gastric glands) and the relative position and type of gastric gland." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Stomach#Sections]
comment: Editor notes: We follow Kardong in defining stomach regions by gland, but we also include 'body of stomach'. In future we may want to have different partitions of the stomach
synonym: "gastric zone" EXACT [FMA:14558]
synonym: "region of stomach" EXACT []
synonym: "section of stomach" EXACT []
xref: FMA:14558
xref: SCTID:245415005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Regions_of_stomach.svg/500px-Regions_of_stomach.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009871
name: nephrogenic zone
namespace: uberon
def: "outer portion of the renal cortex. Site of formation of medullary and cortical elements." []
comment: Taxon notes: see PMID:12761251 for description of nephrogenic zone in dogfish.
synonym: "nephrogenic tissue" RELATED []
xref: EMAPA:27721
xref: MA:0002996
xref: http://www.gudmap.org/Images/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/NZ.png
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009877
name: metapodium region
namespace: uberon
def: "Intermediate segment of the autopod, between the mesopodial region and and acropodial region. Examples: metacarpal region, metatarsal region" [MA:th, UBERON:cjm]
comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. Editors note: considering adding 'acropodial region'
synonym: "metacarpal or metatarsal part of limb" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpus/metatarsus" RELATED []
synonym: "metacarpus/metatarsus region" EXACT []
synonym: "metapodial segment" EXACT []
synonym: "metapodium" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012140 ! digitopodium region
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009878
name: mesopodial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a mesopodium. Examples: the tarsal skeleton, the carpal skeleton" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "basipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005022, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "basipodium skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005022, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "carpal/tarsal skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "mesopodial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005022]
synonym: "mesopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005022, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "mesopodium skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "skeletal parts of mesopodium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: VSAO:0005022
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010712  ! limb skeleton subdivision
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010546 ! metapodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0011584 ! zeugopodial skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_distally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Limb skeleton subdivision consisting of endochondral bones increasing the freedom of movement of the autopodia, and located between zeugopodia and autopodia.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009879
name: tarsal skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton that consists of endochondral elements distal to the zeugopodial skeletal elements which constitute the proximal region of the posterior autopod skeleton[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, VSAO:0005024, Wikipedia:Tarsus_(skeleton)]
comment: Taxon notes: Not always associated with digits, in sarcopterygians the ulnare is present without true digits being formed, though their homologous radial elements are present[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. AO notes: we assume MA:tarsus belongs here, as there is a distinct class MA:ankle, with the tarsal bone being part of the former. XAO:tarsus is part of the hindlimb skeleton. FMA set-of class lacks definition but we assume this to be equivalent.
synonym: "basipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005024]
synonym: "hind mesopodial skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "hind mesopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "hind mesopodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "mesopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005024]
synonym: "set of tarsal bones" EXACT [FMA:71339]
synonym: "skeletal parts of hind mesopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "tarsal bones" RELATED []
synonym: "tarsal bones set" EXACT [FMA:71339]
synonym: "tarsus" RELATED [XAO:0003211]
xref: AAO:0000220
xref: EMAPA:25072
xref: FMA:71339
xref: GAID:1223
xref: MA:0000050
xref: SCTID:264228001
xref: SCTID:361796005
xref: VHOG:0001160
xref: VSAO:0005024
xref: XAO:0003211
is_a: UBERON:0009878  ! mesopodial skeleton
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010545 ! metatarsus skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
property_value: external_definition "Segment of the leg corresponding to the tarsus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the tibia and fibula at one end and the metatarsals at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The three main outgroup taxa of tetrapods, panderichthyids, osteolepiforms, and rhizodontids, have endoskeletal elements corresponding to the stylo- and zeugopodial elements in a tetrapod limb. In addition, there are elements that share the position and possibly the developmental derivation of the ulnare and the intermedium. From these observations, most authors have concluded that the stylo- and zeugopodial elements as well as the proximal mesopodial elements have counterparts in the fins of tetrapod ancestors, but there are no indications of wrist or ankle joints.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009880
name: carpal skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton that consists of the endochondral elements distal to the anterior limb/fin zeugopodial skeletal elements which constitute the proximal region of the anterior autopod skeleton[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Carpus]
comment: Taxon notes: Not always associated with digits, in sarcopterygians the ulnare is present without true digits being formed, though their homologous radial elements are present[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. AO notes: we assume MA:carpus belongs here, as there is a distinct class MA:wrist, with the carpal bone being part of the former. XAO:carpus is part of the forelimb skeleton. FMA set-of class lacks definition but we assume this to be equivalent. Taxon notes: The structure of the carpus varies widely between different groups of tetrapods, even among those that retain the full set of five digits. In primitive fossil amphibians, such as Eryops, the carpus consists of three rows of bones; a proximal row of three carpals, a second row of four bones, and a distal row of five bones. The proximal carpals are referred to as the radiale, intermediale, and ulnare, after their proximal articulations, and are homologous with the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetal bones respectively. The remaining bones are simply numbered, as the first to fourth centralia (singular: centrale), and the first to fifth distal carpals. Primitively, each of the distal bones appears to have articulated with a single metacarpal. However, the vast majority of later vertebrates, including modern amphibians, have undergone varying degrees of loss and fusion of these primitive bones, resulting in a smaller number of carpals. Almost all mammals and reptiles, for example, have lost the fifth distal carpal, and have only a single centrale - and even this is missing in humans. The pisiform bone is somewhat unusual, in that it first appears in primitive reptiles, and is never found in amphibians. Because many tetrapods have less than five digits on the forelimb, even greater degrees of fusion are common, and a huge array of different possible combinations are found. The wing of a modern bird, for example, has only two remaining carpals; the radiale (the scaphoid of mammals) and a bone formed from the fusion of four of the distal carpals. In some macropods, the scaphoid and lunar bones are fused into the scaphollunar bone[14] [Wikipedia:Carpus#Evolutionary_variations]
synonym: "carpal bones" EXACT [EMAPA:25056, FMA:71335]
synonym: "carpal bones set" EXACT [FMA:71335]
synonym: "carpus" RELATED [MA:0000040, XAO:0003207]
synonym: "fore mesopodial skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "fore mesopodium" RELATED [AAO:0000201]
synonym: "fore mesopodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "ossa carpi" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Carpus]
synonym: "set of carpal bones" RELATED [FMA:71335]
synonym: "skeletal parts of fore mesopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "skeleton of carpus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000201
xref: EMAPA:25056
xref: FMA:71335
xref: MA:0000040
xref: VHOG:0001161
xref: VSAO:0005023
xref: XAO:0003207
xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/382x366xUnciform1.jpg.pagespeed.ic.NirdxtwNVu.jpg
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Carpus.svg/200px-Carpus.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0009878  ! mesopodial skeleton
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010544 ! metacarpus skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
property_value: external_definition "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the carpus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the radius and ulna at one end and the metacarpals at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The three main outgroup taxa of tetrapods, panderichthyids, osteolepiforms, and rhizodontids, have endoskeletal elements corresponding to the stylo- and zeugopodial elements in a tetrapod limb. In addition, there are elements that share the position and possibly the developmental derivation of the ulnare and the intermedium. From these observations, most authors have concluded that the stylo- and zeugopodial elements as well as the proximal mesopodial elements have counterparts in the fins of tetrapod ancestors, but there are no indications of wrist or ankle joints.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009881
name: anterior lateral plate mesoderm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ALPM" EXACT [ZFA:0005041]
xref: EFO:0003704
xref: TAO:0005041
xref: ZFA:0005041
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009882
name: anal column
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a number of vertical folds, produced by an infolding of the mucous membrane and some of the muscular tissue in the upper half of the lumen of the anal canal. They are named after Giovanni Battista Morgagni who also has several other eponyms named after himself[WP]" [Wikipedia:Anal_columns]
synonym: "column of Morgagni" EXACT [FMA:15713]
synonym: "columnae anales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anal_columns]
xref: FMA:15713
xref: SCTID:245444007
xref: UMLS:C0227428
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Gray1078.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Column
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009883
name: medullary ray
namespace: uberon
def: "A renal, cortical lobule, consisting of the ascending or descending limbs of the loop of Henle or of the collecting tubules; medullary rays are regions where parallel arrays of straight tubules travel perpendicular to the capsule and extend from the cortex to the medulla." [MP:0011347, Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovaryry_ray_(anatomy)]
comment: Termonology notes: Their name is potentially misleading -- the \"medullary\" refers to their destination, not their location. They are located only in the renal cortex, and not in the renal medulla. AO notes: FMA says parenchyma, MP says cortex
synonym: "Ferrein's pyramid" EXACT [MP:0011347]
synonym: "kidney medullary ray" EXACT [MP:0011347]
synonym: "renal medullary ray" EXACT [MP:0011347]
xref: BTO:0001155
xref: FMA:74299
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009885
name: interlobar artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a set of curved arteries at the corticomedullary border of the kidney that arise from the interlobar arteries and give rise to the interlobular arteries." [MP:0011315, Wikipedia:Interlobar_arteries]
comment: FMA only has the set term
synonym: "arteriae interlobares renis" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Interlobar_arteries]
synonym: "interlobar arteries of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71637]
synonym: "interlobar artery of kidney" EXACT [FMA:71637]
synonym: "kidney interlobar artery" EXACT []
synonym: "renal interlobar artery" EXACT [MP:0011355]
synonym: "set of interlobar arteries of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71637]
xref: FMA:71637
xref: SCTID:62802007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009887
name: interlobar vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The interlobar veins are veins of the renal circulation which drain the renal lobes." [Wikipedia:Interlobar_veins]
comment: FMA only has the set term
synonym: "interlobar vein of kidney" EXACT [FMA:71631]
synonym: "interlobar veins of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71631]
synonym: "set of interlobar veins of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71631]
synonym: "venae interlobares renis" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Interlobar_veins]
xref: FMA:71631
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009888
name: Koller's sickle
namespace: uberon
def: "a local thickening of cells that acts as a margin separating sheets of cells from posterior margin of avian blastoderms from hypoblasts as they migrate anteriorly to push primary hypoblast cells anteriorly to form a secondary hypoblast known as the endoblast" [PMID:9693154, Wikipedia:Koller's_sickle]
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
synonym: "Kohler's sickle" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009889
name: secondary heart field
namespace: uberon
def: "extra-cardiac population of mesodermal progenitors that gives rise to the right ventricle and outflow tract." [PMID:17276708]
comment: Taxon notes: \"In general, the two studies in chick concluded that the contribution of the SHF was to the outflow tract, whereas the mouse work suggested that the second lineage contributed more broadly to the heart, including the outflow tract and much or all of the right ventricle [11b14]. These different conclusions may represent differences in the experimental approaches used or may represent bona fide differences in the contribution of the second lineage to the hearts of birds compared to mammals [11]. Alternatively, the secondary/anterior heart fields described in the chick may represent a subset of a broader field that makes a more substantial contribution to the heart, as the mouse studies suggested\" [PMID:17276708]
synonym: "SHF" RELATED [XAO:0004186]
synonym: "anterior heart field" EXACT [PMID:17276708]
synonym: "anterior/second heart field" EXACT [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782]
synonym: "second heart field" EXACT [XAO:0004186]
xref: XAO:0004186
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0004140 ! heart field
relationship: dorsal_to UBERON:0004140 ! heart field
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009890
name: anterior intestinal portal
namespace: uberon
def: "opening of the foregut into the midgut" [http://www.drugs.com/dict/fovea-cardiaca.html]
synonym: "fovea cardiaca" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/fovea-cardiaca.html]
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009891
name: facial mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a face." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "face mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "mesenchyme of face" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009894
name: siphon primordium
namespace: uberon
xref: ANISEED:1210451
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009899
name: pole of cerebral hemisphere
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior end of the hemisphere is named the frontal pole. The posterior end is named the occipital pole. The anterior end of the temporal lobe, the temporal pole." [Wikipedia:Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres]
synonym: "polus frontalis, polus occipitalis, polus temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres]
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009906
name: root of optic nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve root that continuous_with a nerve connecting eye with brain." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - check. See comments for optic tract. FMA also has medial root.
synonym: "optic nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1328]
synonym: "optic tract root" EXACT [FMA:84573]
synonym: "root of optic tract" EXACT [FMA:84573]
xref: FMA:84573
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1328
is_a: UBERON:0006843  ! root of cranial nerve
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0004904 ! nerve connecting eye with brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0002211  ! nerve root
intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0004904 ! nerve connecting eye with brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009907
name: sensory root of trigeminal nerve
namespace: uberon
synonym: "radix sensoria (nervus trigeminus [v])" EXACT [FMA:52611]
xref: FMA:52611
xref: SCTID:280188009
is_a: UBERON:0004673  ! trigeminal nerve root
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009908
name: caudal root of abducens nerve
namespace: uberon
synonym: "radix caudalis nervi abducentis" EXACT [ZFA:0000179]
xref: TAO:0000179
xref: ZFA:0000179
is_a: UBERON:0002786  ! abducens nerve fibers
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001646 ! abducens nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009909
name: rostral root of abducens nerve
namespace: uberon
xref: TAO:0000665
xref: ZFA:0000665
is_a: UBERON:0002786  ! abducens nerve fibers
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001646 ! abducens nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009910
name: posterior lateral plate mesoderm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "PLPM" EXACT [ZFA:0005042]
xref: EFO:0003705
xref: TAO:0005042
xref: ZFA:0005042
is_a: UBERON:0000926  ! mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009911
name: lobule
namespace: uberon
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: FMA:45737
xref: UMLS:C0921005
xref: ncithesaurus:Lobule
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009912
name: anatomical lobe
namespace: uberon
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: FMA:45728
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009913
name: renal lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "the portion of a kidney consisting of a renal medullary pyramid and the renal cortex above it[MP]. It is composed of many renal lobules[WP]." [MP:0011381, Wikipedia:Renal_lobe]
comment: Edtor note: todo - add has_part relationships. Taxon notes: human kidneys have multilobar (multipyramidal) architecture while mice and rats have unilobar (unipyramidal) kidneys[MP]
synonym: "kidney lobe" EXACT [MP:0011381]
synonym: "lobi renales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_lobe]
synonym: "lobi renalis" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Renal_lobe]
synonym: "lobus renalis" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis]
xref: FMA:17881
xref: UMLS:C0736382
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Kidney_Lower_Lobe
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0009912  ! anatomical lobe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0009912  ! anatomical lobe
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009914
name: renal lobule
namespace: uberon
def: "the portion of a renal lobe consisting of nephrons grouped around a single medullary ray and draining into a single collecting duct; human kidneys have multilobular, multipapillary architecture while mice and rats have unilobular, unipapillary kidneys" [MP:0011382, Wikipedia:Cortical_lobule]
comment: Alternate definition: One of the subdivisions of the kidney, consisting of a medullary ray and that portion of the convoluted port (renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules) associated with its collecting duct.  -http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobulus+corticalis+renalis
synonym: "cortical lobule" RELATED [MP:0011382, Wikipedia:Cortical_lobule]
synonym: "cortical lobule of kidney" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis]
synonym: "kidney lobule" EXACT [MP:0011382]
synonym: "lobuli corticales renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cortical_lobule]
synonym: "lobulus corticalis renalis" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis]
synonym: "lobulus renalis" EXACT []
synonym: "renal cortical lobule" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis]
synonym: "renculus" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis]
synonym: "reniculus" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis]
synonym: "renunculus" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis]
xref: FMA:17670
xref: SCTID:361330004
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0009911  ! lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009913 ! renal lobe
intersection_of: UBERON:0009911  ! lobule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009916
name: wall of ureter
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a ureter." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ureteral wall" EXACT [FMA:15888]
xref: FMA:15888
xref: SCTID:279397004
is_a: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0000060  ! anatomical wall
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009917
name: kidney corticomedullary boundary
namespace: uberon
def: "the region demarcating the renal medulla from the surrounding cortex; end-stage renal failure may be associated with loss of the normal corticomedullary boundary" [MP:0011376]
is_a: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney
intersection_of: UBERON:0000015  ! anatomical boundary
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009918
name: retrotrapezoid nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "the loose collection of neurons that reside in the rostral medulla close to the medullary surface, ventral and immediately caudal of nVII, that are crucial for CO2 sensing in the brain" [MP:0011406]
is_a: UBERON:0007635  ! nucleus of medulla oblongata
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009919
name: ureter smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the epithelium of the ureter" [MP:0011426]
synonym: "ureteral smooth muscle" EXACT [MP:0011426]
synonym: "ureteral smooth muscle layer" EXACT [EMAPA:28844]
xref: EMAPA:28844
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006855 ! ureter muscle layer
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009920
name: optic neural crest
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001315
xref: EHDAA:1122
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0007530  ! migrating mesenchyme population
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009948
name: clavicular air sac
namespace: uberon
xref: SCTID:2574004
is_a: UBERON:0009060  ! air sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009949
name: humeral diverticulum of clavicular air sac
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0009948 ! clavicular air sac
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009950
name: olfactory bulb plexiform layer
namespace: uberon
comment: check if the NIF class is actually a grouping class
synonym: "plexiform layer" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090405]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090405
is_a: UBERON:0004001  ! olfactory bulb layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009951
name: main olfactory bulb
namespace: uberon
def: "The main olfactory bulb has a multi-layered cellular architecture. In order from surface to the center the layers are: Glomerular layer, External plexiform layer, Mitral cell layer, Internal plexiform layer, Granule cell layer[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb#Main_olfactory_bulb]
comment: Note that the structure in many ontologies called simply 'olfactory bulb' may in fact belong here
xref: ABA:MOB
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009953
name: post-embryonic organism
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-cellular organism that existence_starts_with a post-embryonic stage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "TS28 mouse" NARROW [MA:0002405]
synonym: "post-hatching organism" NARROW [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "post-natal organism" NARROW [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "postnatal mouse" NARROW [MA:0002405]
xref: MA:0002405
is_a: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000092 ! post-embryonic stage
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000092 ! post-embryonic stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009954
name: vomeronasal system
namespace: uberon
def: "a vertebrate nasal chemosensory system that is responsible for detecting intraspecific pheromonal cues as well as environmental odorants" []
comment: Editor note: check relationship to olfactory system. Evolution: The morphological components of the VNS are found only in tetrapods, but the genetic components of the system have been found in teleost fish, in addition to tetrapods. In tetrapods, the VNS was thought to be the olfactory system for detecting pheromones, while the main olfactory system detected general odorants (Scalia and Winans 1975). However, experimental evidence suggests that there is not such a clear functional distinction (Restrepo et al. 2004; Baxi, Dorries, and Eisthen 2006; Spehr et al. 2006; Kelliher 2007). Sea lampreys produce unique bile acids which act as pheromones both in migration and mate finding (Li, Sorensen, and Gallaher 1995; Li et al. 2002; Siefkes and Li 2004). However, bile acids in teleost fish are known to require components of the main olfactory signal transduction pathway (Hansen et al. 2003), and interruption of the VNS signal transduction pathway had no effect on bile acid olfactory response (Hansen et al. 2003)[Grus - EVOLUTION OF THE VOMERONASAL SYSTEM VIEWED THROUGH SYSTEM-SPECIFIC GENES]
is_a: UBERON:0001032  ! sensory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005725 ! olfactory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009955
name: neurogenic placode
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial placode with neurogenic potential[cjm]. Neurogenic placodes are transient ectodermal thickenings that form at the border of the neural plate and epidermis and give rise to sensory neurons of the cranial ganglia[ZFA]. The neurogenic placodes give rise to parts of various nerves and ganglia, the olfactory organ, parietal eye, parts of the inner ear, and the lateral line. There are 2 major series of neurogenic placodes, the dorsolateral and ventrolateral or epibranchial[PMID]" [PMID:11523831, Wikipedia:Neurogenic_placodes, ZFA:0001309]
comment: Includes: trigeminal, otic, lateral line and epibranchial placodes. Taxon notes: While some sensory placodes (otic and olfactory) may have homologues in basal chordates (Wada et al., 1998), the so-called neurogenenic placodes (trigeminal, otic, lateral line and epibranchial placodes) appear to have emerged at a later time (Shimeld and Holland, 2000)[NBK53171]
synonym: "neurogenic placodes" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001309]
synonym: "placodae neurogenicae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neurogenic_placodes]
xref: EFO:0003460
xref: TAO:0001309
xref: ZFA:0001309
is_a: UBERON:0002546  ! cranial placode
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011814  ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009958
name: bladder lumen
namespace: uberon
synonym: "bladder cavity" EXACT [FMA:15924]
synonym: "cavity of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15924]
synonym: "lumen of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15924]
synonym: "urinary bladder lumen" EXACT [FMA:15924]
xref: EHDAA2:0004058
xref: FMA:15924
xref: SCTID:279405003
xref: galen:UrinaryBladderCavity
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009844 ! urogenital sinus lumen
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009959
name: lumen of oropharynx
namespace: uberon
synonym: "oropharyngeal cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004556]
synonym: "oropharynx lumen" EXACT [FMA:55095]
xref: EHDAA2:0004556
xref: FMA:55095
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006272 ! oronasal cavity
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001731 ! cavity of pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009960
name: esophagus smooth muscle circular layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "circular muscle layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:67605]
synonym: "esophagus smooth muscle circular layer" RELATED [MA:0001574]
synonym: "inner circular muscle layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:67605]
xref: FMA:67605
xref: MA:0001574
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012368  ! circular muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002112 ! smooth muscle of esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0012368  ! circular muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009961
name: esophagus smooth muscle longitudinal layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "esophagus smooth muscle longitudinal layer" RELATED [MA:0001575]
synonym: "longitudinal muscle layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:63573]
synonym: "outer longitudinal muscle layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:63573]
xref: FMA:63573
xref: MA:0001575
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012369  ! longitudinal muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002112 ! smooth muscle of esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003832 ! esophagus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009962
name: excretory gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that discharges its secretion through a duct opening on an internal or external surface of the body, as a lacrimal gland." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource]
comment: todo - child terms
xref: BTO:0000431
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009966
name: internodal tract
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of conducting system of heart which consists of the anterior, middle and  posterior internodal tracts  beneath the endocardium of interatrial septum and above the attachment of the septal leaflet of tricuspid valve." [FMA:9479]
comment: evidence is sparse [http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/simplepage.cfm?ID=-483065798] There is some functional evidence for the existence of specialized conducting pathways within the atria (termed internodal tracts), although this is controversial[http://www.cvphysiology.com/Arrhythmias/A003.htm]. Editor note: include 3 subtypes?
synonym: "interatrial conduction tract" EXACT []
synonym: "internodal conduction tract" EXACT []
synonym: "internodal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:9479]
synonym: "internodal tract muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9479]
xref: FMA:9479
is_a: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009967
name: spleen venous sinus
namespace: uberon
comment: See comments for UBERON:0003910
synonym: "sinus lienalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "sinus splenicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "splenic sinus" EXACT [FMA:62815]
synonym: "venous sinus of red pulp of spleen" EXACT [FMA:62815]
xref: FMA:62815
xref: MA:0000761
xref: UMLS:C1179415
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003497  ! abdomen blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006615  ! venous sinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001250 ! red pulp of spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009968
name: primitive superior sagittal sinus
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001527
xref: EHDAA:9876
xref: EMAPA:18636
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003499  ! brain blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009969
name: stato-acoustic epithelium
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor note: required by CL
xref: FMA:64804
is_a: UBERON:0006934  ! sensory epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009970
name: epithelium of pancreatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a pancreatic duct." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor note: in EHDAA2, the embryonic pancreatic ducts (dorsal, ventral) are classified as eithelial sacs, which would render them subclasses this
synonym: "pancreatic duct epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67681]
synonym: "pancreatic ductal epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67681]
xref: EFO:0002556
xref: FMA:67681
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007329 ! pancreatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007329 ! pancreatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009971
name: principal gastric gland
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the gastric glands that secretes the hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice[Stedman's]." [MP:0003892, http://www.drugs.com/dict/acid-gland.html]
comment: AO notes: FMA has this as part of both the fundus and the body, but these are largely spatially disjoint.
synonym: "Wassman gland" RELATED [MP:0003892]
synonym: "acid gland" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/acid-gland.html]
synonym: "gastric follicle" RELATED [MP:0003892]
synonym: "gastric gland" BROAD [MP:0003892]
synonym: "glandula gastrica propria" EXACT [FMA:14921]
synonym: "main gastric gland" EXACT [FMA:14921]
synonym: "oxyntic gland" EXACT [FMA:14921]
synonym: "principal gland of fundus of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14923]
xref: FMA:14921
xref: FMA:14923
is_a: UBERON:0000325  ! gastric gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009972
name: ureteropelvic junction
namespace: uberon
def: "the junction between the ureter and the renal pelvis of the kidney" [MP:0011487]
synonym: "pelviureteric junction" EXACT [FMA:15898]
synonym: "pelvoureteric junction" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15898
xref: MA:0003021
xref: SCTID:264130006
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
relationship: connects UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: connects UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009973
name: ureterovesical junction
namespace: uberon
def: "the valve-like structure found at the site of entry of the ureter into the urinary bladder, normally displays an oblique angulation through the detrusor to avoid reflux of urine up the ureters and the kidney" [MP:0011488]
synonym: "vesico-ureteral junction" EXACT [MA:0003020]
synonym: "vesico-ureteric junction" EXACT []
synonym: "vesicoureteric junction" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15899
xref: MA:0003020
xref: SCTID:261187001
is_a: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
relationship: connects UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: connects UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
intersection_of: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009974
name: lumen of Rathke's pouch
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a Rathke's pouch." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "Rathkes pouch invagination" NARROW [EHDAA2:0004138]
xref: EHDAA2:0004138
xref: EMAPA:25037
is_a: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
is_a: UBERON:0007473  ! lumen of epithelial sac
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0005356 ! Rathke's pouch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005356 ! Rathke's pouch
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0012287 ! Rathkes pouch epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0005356 ! Rathke's pouch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009975
name: remnant of lumen of Rathke's pouch
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors note: requires review
synonym: "adenohypophysis invagination" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004139]
xref: EHDAA2:0004139
is_a: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009974 ! lumen of Rathke's pouch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009976
name: hypothalamo-hypophyseal system
namespace: uberon
def: "An intrinsic circulatory network that transports hormones from the median eminence of the hypothalamus to the adenohypophysis." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Hypophyseal_portal_system]
comment: Taxon notes: in lampreys and teleost hormones enter the adenohypophysis by diffusion. Editor notes: we represent this structure strictly as a system of blood vessels (presumably in line with the FMA). It could also be extended to include neurons and fiber tracts, as per the MESH definition. Function notes: One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis). The hypothalamus is responsible for certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, often called hypothalamic-releasing hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones. The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian cycles[WP]
synonym: "hypophyseal portal system" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hypophyseal_portal_system]
synonym: "hypothalamic hypophyseal portal system" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893]
synonym: "hypothalamo hypophyseal system" RELATED [MESH:A06.407.747.357]
synonym: "hypothalamo-hypophyseal system" RELATED [MESH:A06.407.747.357]
synonym: "hypothalamohypophyseal portal system" EXACT []
synonym: "portal veins of hypophysis" RELATED [FMA:70860]
synonym: "set of portal veins of hypophysis" RELATED [FMA:70860]
synonym: "venae portales hypophysiales" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypophyseal_portal_system]
xref: FMA:70860
xref: MESH:A06.407.747.357
xref: UMLS:C1512570
xref: ncithesaurus:Hypothalamohypophyseal_Portal_System
is_a: UBERON:0005806  ! portal system
relationship: connects UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus
relationship: connects UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis
relationship: connects UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009977
name: natal tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "Predeciduous teeth present at birth. They may be well formed and normal or may represent hornified epithelial structures without roots. They are found on the gingivae over the crest of the ridge and arise from accessory buds of the dental lamina ahead of the deciduous buds or from buds of the accessory dental lamina. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)" [MESH:A14.254.860.700.500]
synonym: "natal teeth" EXACT PLURAL [GAID:1267]
synonym: "natal tooth" RELATED [GAID:1267]
xref: GAID:1267
xref: MESH:A14.254.860.700.500
is_a: UBERON:0007115  ! deciduous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009978
name: epicondyle
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Epicondyle]
comment: grouping class that collected the ect- and ep- icondyles of humerus and femur
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "epicondylus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epicondyle]
xref: FMA:75435
xref: SCTID:333209006
xref: UMLS:C0222681
xref: galen:Epicondyle
xref: ncithesaurus:Epicondyle
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
property_value: has_relational_adjective "epicondylar" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009979
name: condyle
namespace: uberon
def: "the round prominence at the end of a bone, most often part of a joint - an articulation with another bone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Condyle_(anatomy)]
xref: FMA:75434
xref: SCTID:91737009
xref: TAO:0002259
xref: UMLS:C0524414
xref: galen:Condyle
xref: ncithesaurus:Condyle
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
property_value: external_definition "Protuberance on a bone that participates in a joint with another bone.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "condylar" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009980
name: condyle of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "A condyle that is part of a distal epiphysis of femur." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "condylus femoralis" EXACT []
synonym: "condylus femoris" EXACT []
synonym: "femoral condyle" EXACT []
synonym: "fibular condyle" RELATED [AAO:0000900]
xref: AAO:0000900
xref: FMA:32855
xref: SCTID:304912006
xref: galen:FemoralCondyle
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0009979  ! condyle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 ! distal epiphysis of femur
intersection_of: UBERON:0009979  ! condyle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004406 ! distal epiphysis of femur
property_value: external_definition "Convex articular facet of the distal head of the femur that articulates with the proximal head of the fibula.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009984
name: medial condyle of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur. The medial condyle is larger than the lateral (outer) condyle due to more weight bearing caused by the center of gravity being medial to the knee. On the posterior surface of the condyle the linea aspera (a ridge running down the posterior shaft of the femur) turns into the medial supracondylar ridge. The outermost protrusion on the medial surface of the medial condyle is referred to as the \"medial epicondyle\" and can be palpated by running fingers medially from the patella with the knee in flexion." [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur]
synonym: "c. medialis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur]
synonym: "medial condyle of the femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur]
xref: FMA:32858
xref: SCTID:182056007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray246.png
is_a: UBERON:0009980  ! condyle of femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 ! distal epiphysis of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009985
name: lateral condyle of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur. It is the more prominent and is the broader both in its antero-posterior and transverse diameters" [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur]
synonym: "c. lateralis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur]
synonym: "lateral condyle of the femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur]
xref: FMA:32859
xref: SCTID:182057003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray246.png
is_a: UBERON:0009980  ! condyle of femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 ! distal epiphysis of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009986
name: lateral epicondyle of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral epicondyle of the femur, smaller and less prominent than the medial epicondyle, gives attachment to the fibular collateral ligament of the knee-joint. Directly below it is a small depression from which a smooth well-marked groove curves obliquely upward and backward to the posterior extremity of the condyle." [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_femur]
synonym: "e. lateralis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_femur]
synonym: "epicondylus lateralis (femur)" EXACT [FMA:32867]
synonym: "lateral femoral epicondyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_femur]
xref: FMA:32867
xref: SCTID:209275007
xref: galen:LateralFemoralEpicondyle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray246.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0009978  ! epicondyle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 ! distal epiphysis of femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009985 ! lateral condyle of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009987
name: medial epicondyle of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial epicondyle of the femur is a bony protrusion located on the medial side of the bone's distal end. Located above the medial condyle, it bears an elevation, the adductor tubercle, which serves for the attachment of the superficial part, or \"tendinous insertion\", of the adductor magnus. This tendinous part here forms an intermuscular septum which forms the medial separation between the thigh's flexors and extensors. Behind it, and proximally to the medial condyle is a rough impression which gives origin to the medial head of the Gastrocnemius." [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_femur]
synonym: "epicondylus medialis (femur)" EXACT [FMA:32864]
synonym: "epicondylus medialis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_femur]
synonym: "medial femoral epicondyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_femur]
xref: FMA:32864
xref: SCTID:209172001
xref: galen:MedialFemoralEpicondyle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Gray345.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0009978  ! epicondyle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 ! distal epiphysis of femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009984 ! medial condyle of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009988
name: condyle of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "the distal end of the humerus, including the trochlea, capitulum and the olecranon, coronoid and radial fossae" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=19715]
synonym: "condylus humeri" EXACT []
synonym: "humeral condyle" EXACT [FMA:23377]
xref: FMA:23377
xref: SCTID:361778001
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0009979  ! condyle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus
intersection_of: UBERON:0009979  ! condyle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009989
name: condyle of tibia
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the lateral or medial condyles of the tibia." [Wikipedia:Tibial_condyle]
synonym: "tibial condyle" EXACT [AAO:0000899]
xref: AAO:0000899
xref: SCTID:182062002
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0009979  ! condyle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008772 ! proximal epiphysis of tibia
intersection_of: UBERON:0009979  ! condyle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008772 ! proximal epiphysis of tibia
property_value: external_definition "Convex articular facet of the distal head of the femur that articulates with the proximal head of the tibia.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009990
name: medial condyle of tibia
namespace: uberon
def: "The medial condyle is the medial portion of the upper extremity of tibia. It is the site of insertion for the Semimembranosus muscle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia]
synonym: "c. medialis tibiae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia]
synonym: "condylus medialis (tibia)" EXACT [FMA:35445]
synonym: "medial condyle of the tibia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia]
synonym: "medial tibial condyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia]
xref: FMA:35445
xref: SCTID:182066004
xref: galen:MedialTibialCondyle
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray257.png
is_a: UBERON:0009989  ! condyle of tibia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009991
name: lateral condyle of tibia
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral condyle is the lateral portion of the upper extremity of tibia. It serves as the insertion for the Biceps femoris muscle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_tibia]
synonym: "c. lateralis tibiae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_tibia]
synonym: "condylus lateralis (tibia)" EXACT [FMA:35448]
xref: FMA:35448
xref: SCTID:182067008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray257.png
is_a: UBERON:0009989  ! condyle of tibia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0009992
name: cranial sensory ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "the ganglion found on the root of each cranial nerve, containing the cell bodies of afferent (sensory) neurons. " [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cranial+sensory+ganglion]
comment: Editor note: check this - merge into cranial ganglion? WP: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia, appended respectively to cranial nerves VII, IX and X. Other ontology notes: has no subtypes in FMA
synonym: "cranial nerve sensory ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5887]
synonym: "ganglion sensorium cranialium" EXACT [FMA:5887]
synonym: "sensory ganglion of cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:5887]
xref: FMA:5887
is_a: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0001800  ! sensory ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010002
name: pulmonary neuroendocrine body
namespace: uberon
def: "corpuscular, organoid structures composed of PNECs, found as distinctive innervated clusters only within intrapulmonary airways, where they appear concentrated at airway branch points; NEBs reach from the basement membrane to the airway lumen and are thought to function as oxygen sensors." [MP:0010921]
synonym: "NEB" EXACT [MP:0010921]
synonym: "pulmonary neuroepithelial body" EXACT [MP:0010921]
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010009
name: aggregate regional part of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "A regional part of brain consisting of multiple brain regions that are not related through a simple volummetric part of hierarchy, e.g., basal ganglia[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090509]
synonym: "set of nuclei of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:256381]
xref: FMA:256381
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090509
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010010
name: basal nucleus of telencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of telencephalon which is actually several islands of neurons lying within the substantia innominata, located ventral to the basal ganglia and anterior to the hypothalamus." [FMA:61887, Wikipedia:Nucleus_basalis_of_Meynert]
comment: AO notes: MA has basal nucleus as synonym for BG. Function notes: rich in acetylcholine and choline acetyltransferase[WP]. Location notes: The NBM is inferior to the globus pallidus and within an area known as the substantia innominata
synonym: "Meynert's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61887]
synonym: "basal magnocellular nucleus (substantia innominata)" EXACT [FMA:61887]
synonym: "basal nuclei of Meynert" EXACT [FMA:61887]
synonym: "basal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107]
synonym: "basal nucleus of Meynert" EXACT [FMA:61887]
synonym: "basal substance of telencephalon" EXACT [FMA:61887]
synonym: "ganglion of Meynert" EXACT [FMA:61887]
synonym: "nucleus basalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107]
synonym: "nucleus basalis of Meynert" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107]
synonym: "nucleus basalis telencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_basalis_of_Meynert]
synonym: "substantia basalis telencephali" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:61887
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107
xref: SCTID:369109003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003017 ! substantia innominata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010011
name: collection of basal ganglia
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor note: it is necessary to introduce two classes, one representing an individual basal ganglion, another representing the aggregate structure, in order to have consistent classification amongst AOs (e.g. in MA the aygdala is part of the BG, in FMA and BTO it is a subclass). Apart from achieving this consistency, the value of having two distinct classes is questionable, since the BG-plural is trivially the collection of all BGs-singular.  it would be better for all AOs to decide on one single way of doing this. Do not merge until this is done.
synonym: "basal ganglia" EXACT [FMA:84013]
synonym: "basal ganglia set" EXACT [FMA:84013]
synonym: "set of basal ganglia" EXACT [FMA:84013]
xref: BM:Tel-BG
xref: FMA:84013
xref: GAID:617
xref: MA:0000184
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.105
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_826
xref: UMLS:C0004781
xref: VHOG:0001696
xref: ncithesaurus:Basal_Ganglia
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
is_a: UBERON:0010009  ! aggregate regional part of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000454 ! cerebral subcortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: homology_notes "All nuclei of the mammalian basal ganglia are also present in the oldest vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010012
name: upper beak
namespace: uberon
synonym: "maxillary beak" RELATED []
synonym: "rostrum maxillare" RELATED []
synonym: "upper mandible" RELATED SENSU []
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005094 ! beak

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010013
name: lower beak
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lower mandible" RELATED SENSU []
synonym: "mandibular beak" RELATED []
synonym: "rostrum mandibulare" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005094 ! beak

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010016
name: spiral valve of intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "Coiled structure in the lumen of the small intestine that increases the length of the route through the diesgtive tract.[WP,cjm,Kardong]" [Wikipedia:Spiral_valve]
synonym: "intestinal spiral valve" EXACT []
synonym: "spiral valve" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: located_in UBERON:0006909 ! lumen of gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010017  ! spiral valve of cystic duct
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010018  ! spiral valve of conus arteriosus
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010017
name: spiral valve of cystic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "a series of crescentic folds of mucous membrane somewhat spirally arranged on the interior of the gallbladder and continuing into the cystic duct" [Wikipedia:Spiral_valves_of_Heister, http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/spiral+valve]
synonym: "Heister's valve" EXACT [FMA:15855]
synonym: "plica spiralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "plica spiralis (ductus cysticus)" EXACT [FMA:15855]
synonym: "spiral fold of cystic duct" EXACT [FMA:15855]
synonym: "valve of Heister " EXACT []
xref: FMA:15855
xref: SCTID:270125000
is_a: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010018  ! spiral valve of conus arteriosus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010018
name: spiral valve of conus arteriosus
namespace: uberon
def: "The spiral valve alternately blocks & unblocks the entrances to the left and right pulmonary arches (sending unoxygenated blood to the skin & lungs)." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/342notes9.html]
comment: Taxon notes: many dipnoans and amphibians. Evolution notes: The spiral valve is considered to have evolved from the right member of the four embryonic endocardial ridges (Goodrich, 1930 - via Morris 1974)
xref: AAO:0010251
xref: http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/martini10/chapter21/medialib/Kardong_fig_12_29.html
is_a: UBERON:0003978  ! valve
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003983 ! conus arteriosus
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32524

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010019
name: spiracle
namespace: uberon
def: "a small hole behind each eye that opens to the mouth in some fish. In the primitive jawless fish the first gill opening immediately behind the mouth is essentially similar to the other gill openings." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Spiracle#Vertebrates]
comment: Taxon notes: The spiracle is still found in all cartilaginous fish except chimaeras, and in bony fishes in the coelacanth, sturgeon, paddlefish and bichirs. It is also seen as an otic notch in the skull of the extinct labyrinthodonts, and is thought to be associated with the ear opening in amniotes and frogs[WP]. In elasmobranchs (sharks and rays), a spiracle is found behind each eye, and is often used to pump water through the gills while the animal is at rest (Fouts, 2003). A spiracle is also found in primitive bony fishes as the chirrups. TODO - check GO:0035277-spiracle morphogenesis, open tracheal system - taxon constraint in GO
synonym: "vertebrate spiracle" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010020
name: tubotympanic recess epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal portion of the embryonic first endodermal pharyngeal pouch; it develops into the middle ear cavity." [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Tubotympanic_recess]
xref: EHDAA2:0004115
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010021
name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 1
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: in humans, dorsal diverticulum deepens as the tubotympanic recess to form the auditory tube[ISBN10:1607950324]
synonym: "dorsal 1st branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal branchial pouch 1 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 1" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 1 endoderm" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010022
name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 1
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: in humans, the ventral portion of pouches 1 and 2 are obliterated by the developing tongue[ISBN10:1607950324]
synonym: "ventral 1st branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral branchial pouch 1 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 1" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 1 endoderm" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010023
name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 2
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: in humans, persists as the tonsillar fossa - the endodermal lining covers the mesodermal lymphatic tissue to form the palatine tonsil[ISBN10:1607950324]
synonym: "dorsal 2nd branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal branchial pouch 2 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 2" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 2 endoderm" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007123 ! pharyngeal pouch 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010024
name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 2
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: in humans, the ventral portion of pouches 1 and 2 are obliterated by the developing tongue[ISBN10:1607950324]
synonym: "ventral 2nd branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral branchial pouch 2 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 2" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 2 endoderm" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007123 ! pharyngeal pouch 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010025
name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 3
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal 3rd arch pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000409]
synonym: "dorsal 3rd branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal branchial pouch 3 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 3" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 3 endoderm" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000409
xref: EMAPA:16758
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007124 ! pharyngeal pouch 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010026
name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 3
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral 3rd arch pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002173]
synonym: "ventral 3rd branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral branchial pouch 3 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 3" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 3 endoderm" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0002173
xref: EMAPA:16759
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007124 ! pharyngeal pouch 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010027
name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 4
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal 4th branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal branchial pouch 4 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 4" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 4 endoderm" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007125 ! pharyngeal pouch 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010028
name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 4
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral 4th branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral branchial pouch 4 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 2 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 4" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007125 ! pharyngeal pouch 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010029
name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 5
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal 5th branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal branchial pouch 5 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 5" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal pouch 5 endoderm" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007126 ! pharyngeal pouch 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010030
name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 5
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral 5th branchial pouch" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral branchial pouch 5 endoderm" RELATED []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 5" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal pouch 5 endoderm" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007126 ! pharyngeal pouch 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010031
name: 6th arch mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 6." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "6th branchial arch mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "6th pharyngeal arch mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 6 mesenchyme" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0004076
is_a: UBERON:0009494  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010032
name: anterior part of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "The portion of the tongue in front of the terminal sulcus. At the apex, thin and narrow, it is directed forward against the lingual surfaces of the lower incisor teeth. It is derived primarily from the first pharyngeal arch." [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
comment: AO notes: check NCIT. Development notes: The lateral lingual swellings grow and fuse with eachother, encompassing the tuberculum impar to provide the ectodermally derived mucosa of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
synonym: "anterior 2/3 of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
synonym: "anterior 2/3 of tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
synonym: "anterior two thirds of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
synonym: "apex linguae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
synonym: "apex of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
synonym: "buccal part of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
synonym: "front of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
synonym: "oral part of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
synonym: "pars anterior dorsi linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue]
xref: FMA:229084
xref: UMLS:C0226946
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Illu04_tongue.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Apex_of_the_Tongue
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006260 ! lingual swellings
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006260 ! lingual swellings
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010033
name: posterior part of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "The Posterior tongue, or pharyngeal part, is the part of the tongue behind the terminal sulcus. At its root, it is directed backward, and connected with the hyoid bone by the Hyoglossi and Genioglossi muscles and the hyoglossal membrane; with the epiglottis by three folds (glossoepiglottic) of mucous membrane; with the soft palate by the glossopalatine arches; and with the pharynx by the Constrictores pharyngis superiores and the mucous membrane. It is derived primarily from the third pharyngeal arch. (The second arch has a substantial contribution during fetal development, but this later atrophies. The fourth arch may also contribute, depending upon how the boundaries of the tongue are defined.)" [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue]
synonym: "base of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue]
synonym: "base of tongue" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue]
synonym: "pars posterior (dorsum linguae)" EXACT [FMA:54645]
synonym: "pars posterior dorsi linguae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue]
synonym: "pars posterior linguae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "pars postsulcalis (dorsum linguae)" EXACT [FMA:54645]
synonym: "pharyngeal part of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue]
synonym: "pharyngeal part of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54645]
synonym: "pharyngeal portion of dorsum of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54645]
synonym: "posterior 1/3 of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue]
synonym: "posterior part of dorsum of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54645]
synonym: "posterior third of tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue]
synonym: "postsulcal part of dorsum of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54645]
synonym: "radix linguae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue]
xref: FMA:54645
xref: SCTID:362094001
xref: UMLS:C0226958
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Illu04_tongue.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Base_of_the_Tongue
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009471 ! dorsum of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010034
name: copula linguae
namespace: uberon
def: "A single midventral prominence deriving from the ventral bases of pharyngeal arches 2, 3 and 4 - provides the covering of the posterior of the tongue  //The furcula is at first separated from the tuberculum impar by a depression, but later by a ridge, the copula, formed by the forward growth and fusion of the ventral ends of the second, third, and part of the fourth branchial arches[WP]." [Wikipedia:Copula_linguae]
comment: add new term for Hypobranchial_eminence?
synonym: "copula" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004611]
synonym: "copula linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Copula_linguae]
xref: EHDAA2:0004611
xref: SCTID:361424000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Gray980.png
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0010188  ! protuberance
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010056 ! future tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010038
name: fundic gastric gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The fundus glands (or fundic glands, or gastric glands) are found in the body and fundus of the stomach. They are simple tubes, two or more of which open into a single duct." [Wikipedia:Fundic_glands]
comment: Editor notes: Consider FMA:14923
synonym: "fundal gland" EXACT []
synonym: "fundus gland" EXACT []
synonym: "gastric fundal gland" EXACT []
synonym: "gastric fundus gland" EXACT []
synonym: "gastric gland of fundus of stomach" EXACT []
synonym: "glandulae gastricae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fundic_glands]
xref: SCTID:268338004
xref: UMLS:C0017130
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Fundic_gland_polyp_%281%29.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Fundic_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0000325  ! gastric gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004994 ! mucosa of fundus of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000325  ! gastric gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010039
name: food storage organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ of the digestive tract that is capable of retaining and storing food" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: This is a very broad functionally defined grouping class that collects disparate structures from insects to vertebrates
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: TADS:0000172
xref: TGMA:0001041
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010040
name: stomach non-glandular epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Am epithelium that lines the stomach which lacks glands. In addition to a glandular epithelium, the stomachs of some vertebrates also has a second region characterized by a nonglandular epithelium, devoid of gastric glands." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Editor notes: OWL definition to be added later. Taxon notes: this region may develop from the base of the esophagus (some herbivores) - in rodents, loss of the gastric glands in the mucosa leavea a nonglandular epithelial stomach in which smooth muscle contractions knead and mix digesta. This can be keratinized.
synonym: "stomach aglandular epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "stomach squamous epithelium" RELATED [ISBN10:0123813611]
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Mammalian_Stomachs_remake.png/650px-Mammalian_Stomachs_remake.png
is_a: UBERON:0001276  ! epithelium of stomach
is_a: UBERON:0011952  ! non-glandular epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0011952  ! non-glandular epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010041
name: median ovary
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: In the primitive jawless fish, and some teleosts, there is only one ovary, formed by the fusion of the paired organs in the embryo[Wikipedia:Ovary#In_other_animals]
is_a: UBERON:0000992  ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010042
name: 1st arch mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme of 1st arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16128]
xref: EMAPA:16128
is_a: UBERON:0009494  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010045
name: 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a 1st arch maxillary component." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "maxillary component mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "maxillary mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "mesenchyme of maxillary component" EXACT [EMAPA:16391]
xref: EHDAA2:0000041
xref: EMAPA:16391
is_a: UBERON:0010042  ! 1st arch mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007238 ! 1st arch maxillary component
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007238 ! 1st arch maxillary component

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010046
name: entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "The sum total of mesenchymal tissue in the pharyngeal arch region." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "associated mesenchyme of pharyngeal region" EXACT [EMAPA:16550]
synonym: "entire branchial arch associated mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001459]
xref: EHDAA2:0001459
xref: EMAPA:16550
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003099 ! cranial neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010047
name: oral gland
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003293
def: "Gland of the epithelium lining the oral cavity. The most common are the salivary glands." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Note that Kardong classifies lacrimal glands here
synonym: "buccal gland" EXACT []
synonym: "gland of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gland of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral cavity gland" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral opening gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral part of face gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "oral region gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "subdivision of mouth gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001327
xref: EHDAA:2181
xref: EMAPA:16572
xref: EMAPA:16723
xref: SCTID:25421004
xref: VHOG:0000652
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010049
name: supralabial gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Glandular tissue present in lips of reptiles." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Duvernoy's_gland]
is_a: UBERON:0010047  ! oral gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010050
name: infralabial gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Glandular tissue present in lips of reptiles." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Duvernoy's_gland]
is_a: UBERON:0010047  ! oral gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010052
name: mucosa of dorsum of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that is part of a dorsum of tongue." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: check surface terms. Development notes: develops fungiform papillae by WNT induction at 11 weeks pc in human. Filiform papillae develop later. ISBN10:1607950324
synonym: "mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue" EXACT []
xref: FMA:74871
xref: SCTID:245835003
is_a: UBERON:0005020  ! mucosa of tongue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009471 ! dorsum of tongue
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009471 ! dorsum of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010053
name: echolocation organ
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010054
name: malleus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18229
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006262 ! malleus pre-cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010055
name: stapes cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: TODO - check relationship to Recihert's. Taxon notes: The stapes is homologous to the hyomandibula. In this ontology, we use the class 'hyomandibular cartilage' generally to include the future stapes, the future hyomandibular bone of teleosts and the unossified cartilage in sharks.
xref: EMAPA:18230
is_a: UBERON:0005689  ! 2nd arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0009506  ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear
is_a: UBERON:0009891  ! facial mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010359  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011607  ! hyomandibular cartilage
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006294 ! stapes pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010056
name: future tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "A compound organ that develops_into a tongue." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000696
xref: EHDAA:2951
is_a: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001723 ! tongue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0003103  ! compound organ
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010057
name: hypopharyngeal eminence
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hypobranchial eminence" EXACT [EMAPA:17352, OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000799
xref: EMAPA:17352
xref: SCTID:361420009
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0010188  ! protuberance
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010056 ! future tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010059
name: hypoglossal cord
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004610
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010056 ! future tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010060
name: pharyngeal opening of pharyngotympanic tube
namespace: uberon
def: "On the lateral wall of the nasal part of the pharynx is the pharyngeal opening of auditory tube (pharyngeal ostium), somewhat triangular in shape, and bounded behind by a firm prominence, the torus or cushion, caused by the medial end of the cartilage of the tube which elevates the mucous membrane." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_opening_of_auditory_tube]
synonym: "ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_opening_of_auditory_tube]
synonym: "ostium pharyngeum tubae auditoriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "pharyngeal opening of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:54979]
synonym: "pharyngeal opening of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:54979]
synonym: "pharyngeal orifice of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:54979]
synonym: "pharyngeal orifice of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:54979]
synonym: "pharyngeal orifice of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [FMA:54979]
synonym: "pharyngeal ostium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_opening_of_auditory_tube]
synonym: "pharyngeal ostium of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:54979]
synonym: "pharyngeal ostium of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:54979]
synonym: "pharyngeal ostium of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [FMA:54979]
synonym: "pharyngeal tubal ostium" EXACT [FMA:54979]
xref: FMA:54979
xref: SCTID:368945008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Gray1029.png
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0010061 ! lumen of nasopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010061
name: lumen of nasopharynx
namespace: uberon
synonym: "nasopharyngeal luman" EXACT []
synonym: "nasopharynx cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "nasopharynx lumen" EXACT [FMA:55094]
xref: FMA:55094
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001731 ! cavity of pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010062
name: pharyngotympanic tube epithelium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "auditory tube epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004117]
synonym: "eustachian tube epithelium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EHDAA2:0004117
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0010020 ! tubotympanic recess epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010063
name: tympanic cavity epithelium
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004116
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0010020 ! tubotympanic recess epithelium
relationship: located_in UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010064
name: open anatomical space
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space with at least one opening to another space or the exterior." [AEO:0000221]
xref: AEO:0000221
xref: EHDAA2:0004616
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010065
name: auditory meatus epithelium
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004114
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005872 ! 1st arch pharyngeal cleft
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010066
name: tympanic plate
namespace: uberon
def: "The tympanic part of the temporal bone is a curved plate of bone lying below the squama and in front of the mastoid process." [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone]
comment: Consider merging with tympanic ring. See discussion page on wikipedia page for ectotympanic. todo: distinguish ecto- and ento- tympanics
synonym: "ectotympanic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ectotympanic]
synonym: "ectotympanic bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ectotympanic]
synonym: "pars tympanica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone]
synonym: "pars tympanica (os temporale)" EXACT [FMA:52880]
synonym: "pars tympanica ossis temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone]
synonym: "tympanic bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone]
synonym: "tympanic part" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone]
synonym: "tympanic part of temporal bone" EXACT [FMA:52880]
xref: FMA:52880
xref: SCTID:138773005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray137.png
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002218 ! tympanic ring
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0011079 ! angular bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010069
name: outer epithelial layer of tympanic membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of the external acoustic meatus epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane" [PMID:11237469, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "cuticular layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56819]
synonym: "cuticular stratum of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56819]
synonym: "outer cuticular layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56819]
synonym: "outer layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "tympanic membrane external acoustic meatus epithelial component" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:56819
xref: SCTID:39725007
is_a: UBERON:0009647  ! tympanic membrane epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus
intersection_of: UBERON:0009647  ! tympanic membrane epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010070
name: intermediate layer of tympanic membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "The intermediate fibrous layer of the tympanic membrane." [PMID:11237469, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3468783&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
comment: AO notes: check MA
synonym: "connective tissue layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56830]
synonym: "fibrous layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56830]
synonym: "fibrous stratum of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56830]
synonym: "intermediate fibrous layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56830]
synonym: "tympanic endothelium" EXACT [MA:0001223]
xref: FMA:56830
xref: MA:0001223
xref: SCTID:44692008
is_a: UBERON:0010071  ! layer of tympanic membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010071
name: layer of tympanic membrane
namespace: uberon
comment: In mammals, this class groups together the two epithelial layers plus the intermediate fibrous layer
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "tympanic membrane layer" EXACT [FMA:56732]
xref: FMA:56732
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002364 ! tympanic membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010074
name: chromaffin system
namespace: uberon
def: "The cells of the body which stain with chromium salts. They occur along the sympathetic nerves, in the adrenal gland, and in various other organs." [MESH:A06.224]
comment: Taxon notes: in adult cylostomes and teleosts, the interrenal bodies are separate from chromaffin bodies
synonym: "argentaffin system" RELATED [MESH:A06.224]
synonym: "chromaffin tissue" RELATED []
xref: FMA:79645
xref: MESH:A06.224
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0001236 ! adrenal medulla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010075
name: sacral neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest. The vagal and sacral neural crest cells develop into the ganglia of the enteric nervous system, also known as the parasympathetic ganglia." [XB:curator, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10065/]
xref: XAO:0004192
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010076
name: network of trabecular spaces in bone tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Tissue cavity consisting of intercommunicating trabecular spaces in the cancellous bone." [FMA:259332]
synonym: "trabecular network of bone tissue" EXACT [FMA:259332]
xref: FMA:259332
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0008867 ! trabecular network of bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008867 ! trabecular network of bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0008867 ! trabecular network of bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010077
name: cuboidal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium consisting of cuboidal epithelial cells." [Wikipedia:Cuboidal_epithelium]
comment: AO notes: in NCIT this is glandular. Editor notes: TODO - coordinate with CL, add cuboidal cell
xref: UMLS:C0682577
xref: ncithesaurus:Cuboidal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010078
name: optic choroid vascular plexus
namespace: uberon
alt_id: ZFA:0005228
comment: Editor notes: Consider merging with capillary layer. See https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&atid=1127722. Consider choriocapillaris complex
synonym: "CVP" EXACT ABBREVIATION [ZFA:0005094]
synonym: "capillary lamina of choroid" RELATED [XAO:0004176]
synonym: "choriocapillaris" RELATED [XAO:0004176]
synonym: "choroid vascular plexus" RELATED []
synonym: "choroid vasculature" RELATED [ZFA:0005094]
synonym: "choroidal vascular plexus" RELATED [TAO:0005094]
synonym: "optic choroid vascular plexus" RELATED [XAO:0004176]
xref: TAO:0005094
xref: XAO:0004176
xref: ZFA:0005094
is_a: UBERON:0002203  ! vasculature of eye
is_a: UBERON:0005629  ! vascular plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head
property_value: external_definition "A plexus of capillaries that is visible anteromedial to the eye. The choroid is the vascular layer of the eye, containing connective tissue, and lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[XAO:0004176]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Is an ocular vasculature that develops adjacent to the pigment epithelium of the eye. The optic choroid vascular plexus develops from the primitive mesencephalic artery. Initially blood enters from the mesencephalic central artery, and the dorsal ciliary vein. The plexus drains via the ophthalmic vein. The plexus supplies blood to the retina[ZFA:0005094]." xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "The choroid of teleosts is a connective tissue layer rich in blood vessels, and one or two choroidal glands." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010081
name: future common hepatic duct
namespace: uberon
def: "An extrahepatic bile duct that develops_into a common hepatic duct." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000595
is_a: UBERON:0003703  ! extrahepatic bile duct
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007497  ! developing epithelial placode
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005604 ! hepatic duct extrahepatic part
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0003703  ! extrahepatic bile duct
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010082
name: future corpus striatum
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that develops_into a corpus striatum." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000596
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000369 ! corpus striatum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000369 ! corpus striatum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010083
name: future dermis
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_into a dermis." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: check development
xref: EHDAA2:0000598
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004016 ! dermatome
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002067 ! dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010084
name: future diaphragm
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal muscle tissue that develops_into a diaphragm." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000599
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001134  ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010090
name: future falx cerebri
namespace: uberon
def: "A developing anatomical structure that develops_into a falx cerebri." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000608
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006059 ! falx cerebri
intersection_of: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0006059 ! falx cerebri

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010091
name: future hindbrain meninges
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that develops_into a meninx of hindbrain." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000610
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003291 ! meninx of hindbrain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003291 ! meninx of hindbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010092
name: future metencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A developing anatomical structure that develops_into a metencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000623
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010096
name: future myelencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A developing anatomical structure that develops_into a myelencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000640
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005290 ! myelencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005290 ! myelencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010113
name: future membranous labyrinth
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that develops_into a membranous labyrinth." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000899
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005641 ! otocyst epithelium
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004637 ! otic capsule
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010115
name: future dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "A meninx that develops_into a dura mater." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004317
is_a: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater
intersection_of: UBERON:0002360  ! meninx
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010122
name: future caudate nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A nucleus of brain that develops_into a caudate nucleus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004461
is_a: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010082 ! future corpus striatum
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002308  ! nucleus of brain
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010123
name: future facial nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a facial nucleus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004639
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000127 ! facial nucleus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000127 ! facial nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010124
name: future inferior salivatory nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a inferior salivatory nucleus." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: TODO - devfrom
xref: EHDAA2:0004643
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002872 ! inferior salivatory nucleus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002872 ! inferior salivatory nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010125
name: future superior salivatory nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a superior salivatory nucleus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004644
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002149 ! superior salivatory nucleus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002149 ! superior salivatory nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010126
name: future nucleus ambiguus
namespace: uberon
def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a nucleus ambiguus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004647
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001719 ! nucleus ambiguus
intersection_of: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001719 ! nucleus ambiguus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010127
name: future dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
namespace: uberon
def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that develops_into a dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004650
is_a: UBERON:0000125  ! neural nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002870 ! dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002870 ! dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010128
name: future pterygopalatine ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "A ganglion that develops_into a pterygopalatine ganglion." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "future Meckel ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "future Meckel's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6965, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "future nasal ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "future palatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "future pterygopalatine ganglia" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "future sphenopalatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "future sphenopalatine parasympathetic ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000673, EHDAA2:0001889, OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000673
is_a: UBERON:0001808  ! parasympathetic ganglion
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003962 ! pterygopalatine ganglion
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion
intersection_of: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003962 ! pterygopalatine ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010129
name: femur cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
comment: TODO - request EHDAA2
synonym: "femoral cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17742]
xref: EMAPA:17742
is_a: UBERON:0005254  ! upper leg mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010885  ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006234 ! femur pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005254 ! upper leg mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010130
name: autopod plate
namespace: uberon
def: "the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pedal appendages (e.g. manus, pes, paw)" [MP:0004576, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&amp;aid=3519614&amp;group_id=76834&amp;atid=1109502]
synonym: "limb plate" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010131
name: conducting tissue of heart
namespace: uberon
synonym: "specialized conducting tissue of heart" EXACT [FMA:83378]
synonym: "specialized muscle tissue of heart" EXACT [FMA:83378]
xref: EHDAA2:0004528
xref: FMA:83378
is_a: UBERON:0001133  ! cardiac muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010132
name: gastroduodenal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "a small blood vessel in the abdomen that supplies blood directly to the pylorus (distal part of the stomach) and proximal part of the duodenum, and indirectly to the pancreatic head (via the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries)." [Wikipedia:Gastroduodenal_artery]
synonym: "arteria gastroduodenalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gastroduodenal_artery]
xref: EHDAA2:0000310
xref: EHDAA:8574
xref: FMA:14775
xref: SCTID:244269002
xref: galen:GastroduodenalArtery
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray532.png
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0005436 ! common hepatic artery
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005436 ! common hepatic artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010133
name: neuroendocrine gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An endocrine gland that is part of a nervous system." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000720
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010134
name: secretory circumventricular organ
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002943
is_a: UBERON:0005408  ! circumventricular organ
is_a: UBERON:0010133  ! neuroendocrine gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010135
name: sensory circumventricular organ
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002944
is_a: UBERON:0005408  ! circumventricular organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010136
name: epithelial sheet
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelial sheet is a flat surface consisting of closely packed epithelial cells." [GO:0002011]
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010137
name: polarized epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis." [GO:0001738]
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000001

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010141
name: primitive sex cord of indifferent gonad
namespace: uberon
def: "A sex cord that is part of a indifferent gonad." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Usage notes: note that this represents the indifferent structure.
synonym: "indifferent sex cord" EXACT []
synonym: "primitive sex cords" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004051]
xref: EHDAA2:0004051
is_a: UBERON:0004909  ! epithelium of gonad
is_a: UBERON:0005295  ! sex cord
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005891 ! coelomic epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0005295  ! sex cord
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010143
name: seminal vesicle fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "A bodily secretion that secreted_by a seminal vesicle." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: in ncit, seminal fluid is a subtype of seminal vesicle secretion
synonym: "secretion of seminal vesicle" EXACT [FMA:62969]
synonym: "seminal fluid" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "seminal vesicle secretion" EXACT [FMA:62969]
synonym: "vesicular fluid" BROAD []
xref: FMA:62969
xref: MA:0002526
xref: UMLS:C0036614
xref: UMLS:C0227987
xref: ncithesaurus:Seminal_Fluid
xref: ncithesaurus:Seminal_Vesicle_Secretion
is_a: UBERON:0006530  ! seminal fluid
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010145
name: paraurethral gland
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy (female), the Skene's glands (also known as the lesser vestibular glands, periurethral glands, skene glands, paraurethral glands, U-spot, or female prostate) are glands located on the anterior wall of the vagina, around the lower end of the urethra. They drain into the urethra and near the urethral opening. These glands are surrounded with tissue, which includes the part of the clitoris that reaches up inside the vagina and swells with blood during sexual arousal." [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland]
comment: AO notes: in MP female urethral gland, Skene gland and paraurethral gland are exact syns. Note that NCITA seems to use the term in a more generic way, as a parent for skene gland, cowper gland (which may be the same as the male bulbo-urethral gland)
synonym: "Skene gland" EXACT []
synonym: "Skene's gland" EXACT [FMA:20083]
synonym: "U-spot" RELATED [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland]
synonym: "female prostate" EXACT [PMID:10668204, Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland]
synonym: "female urethral gland" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "glandulae vestibulares minores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland]
synonym: "para-urethral gland" EXACT [FMA:20083]
synonym: "periurethral gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland]
xref: FMA:20083
xref: SCTID:264125007
xref: UMLS:C0221315
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Skenes_gland.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Paraurethral_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0005398  ! female reproductive gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0002367

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010147
name: male accessory sex gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Any gland, other than the gonad, associated with the genital tract, such as the ampulla of the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral, prostate and vesicular glands of the male." [BTO:0004798]
xref: BTO:0004798
is_a: UBERON:0005399  ! male reproductive gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010148
name: mating plug
namespace: uberon
def: "A gelatinous secretion used in the mating of some species. It is deposited by a male into a female genital tract and later hardens into a plug or glues the tract together." [Wikipedia:Mating_plug]
synonym: "copulation plug" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mating_plug]
synonym: "copulatory plug" EXACT [SPD:0000547]
synonym: "sement" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mating_plug]
synonym: "sperm plug" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mating_plug]
synonym: "sphragis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mating_plug]
synonym: "vaginal plug" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mating_plug]
xref: SPD:0000547
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10088
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6656
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9397
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9443

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010152
name: skin mucus
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: Consider making a specific class e.g. mucus coating to represent the entire coating rather than an portion of secretion of a mucus gland in the skin. Candidate definition - \"The epidermal mucus of fish regulates swimming speed by controlling the hydrodynamic resistance of the skin surface. The mucus is also presumed to serve as a defence against pathogenic organisms and is intimately associated with osmoregulation.\" [BTO:0005082]
synonym: "epidermal mucus" RELATED [BTO:0005082]
xref: BTO:0005082
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000414 ! mucous gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010155
name: parietomastoid suture
namespace: uberon
def: "unites the mastoid process of the temporal with the region of the mastoid angle of the parietal[WP:Squamosal_suture]." []
synonym: "parieto-mastoid suture of skull" EXACT []
synonym: "parietomastoid suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52947]
xref: FMA:52947
xref: SCTID:136753005
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010156
name: sphenofrontal suture
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sphenofrontal suture is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone." [Wikipedia:Sphenofrontal_suture]
synonym: "Sutura sphenofrontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sphenofrontal_suture]
synonym: "frontosphenoid suture" EXACT [FMA:52938]
synonym: "spheno-frontal suture" RELATED []
synonym: "sphenofrontal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sphenofrontal_suture]
synonym: "sphenofrontal suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52938]
synonym: "sutura sphenofrontalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sphenofrontal_suture]
xref: FMA:52938
xref: SCTID:136349005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray164.png
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010157
name: sphenoparietal suture
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sphenoparietal suture is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the parietal bone." [Wikipedia:Sphenoparietal_suture]
synonym: "Sutura sphenoparietalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sphenoparietal_suture]
synonym: "spheno-parietal suture" EXACT []
synonym: "sphenoparietal suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52945]
xref: FMA:52945
xref: SCTID:136551005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray164.png
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010158
name: sphenozygomatic suture
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sphenozygomatic suture is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the zygomatic bone." [Wikipedia:Sphenozygomatic_suture]
synonym: "sphenozygomatica suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52956]
synonym: "sutura sphenozygomatica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sphenozygomatic_suture]
xref: FMA:52956
xref: SCTID:368980007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Gray189.png
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001683 ! jugal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001683 ! jugal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010159
name: occipitomastoid suture
namespace: uberon
def: "The occipitomastoid suture is the cranial suture between the occipital bone and the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. It is continuous with the lambdoidal suture." [Wikipedia:Occipitomastoid_suture]
synonym: "occipito-mastoid suture" RELATED [Wikipedia:Occipitomastoid_suture]
synonym: "occipitomastoid suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52934]
synonym: "sutura occipitomastoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipitomastoid_suture]
xref: FMA:52934
xref: SCTID:134136005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Occipitomastoideus.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010160
name: lumen of lymphatic vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a lymphatic vessel." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lumen of lymphatic duct" EXACT [FMA:59681]
synonym: "lymphatic vessel lumen" EXACT [FMA:59681]
xref: FMA:59681
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010161
name: lumen of blood vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a blood vessel." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "blood vessel lumen" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:91747007
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010162
name: tail tip
namespace: uberon
synonym: "end of tail" RELATED [MA:0002848]
xref: MA:0002848
xref: XAO:0004057
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010170
name: region of neural crest
namespace: uberon
xref: TAO:0000045
xref: ZFA:0000045
is_a: UBERON:0000480  ! anatomical group
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
property_value: external_definition "A cell population arising from the dorsolateral aspect of the central nervous system primordium during the segmentation period, and later migrating along stereotyped pathways to give rise to a diverse and well-defined set of cell types including pigment cells, peripheral neurons and glia, and head cartilage. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010172
name: bulb of aorta
namespace: uberon
def: "the portion of the left ventricular outflow tract delineated by the sinotubular ridge superiorly and the bases of the valve leaflets inferiorly; it comprises the aortic sinuses, the aortic valve leaflets, the commissures, and the interleaflet triangles" [MP:0011572]
synonym: "aorta bulb" EXACT [MP:0011575]
synonym: "aortic bulb" EXACT [FMA:3740]
synonym: "aortic root" EXACT [MP:0011572]
synonym: "bulb of ascending aorta" EXACT [FMA:3740]
synonym: "bulbus aortae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "root of aorta" EXACT [FMA:3740]
synonym: "supraaortic valve area" EXACT [FMA:3740]
xref: FMA:3740
xref: SCTID:362032000
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001496 ! ascending aorta
property_value: external_definition "The dilated first part of the aorta containing the aortic semilunar valves and the aortic sinuses." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010173
name: sinotubular junction
namespace: uberon
def: "the point in the ascending aorta where the aortic sinuses end and the aorta becomes a tubular structure" [MP:0011572]
synonym: "sinotubular ridge" EXACT [MP:0011572]
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001496 ! ascending aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010174
name: Schweigger-Seidel sheath
namespace: uberon
def: "a phagocytic sleeve that is part of a sheathed arteriole of the spleen, and is sometimes referred to as a splenic ellipsoid. It is a spindle-shaped thickening in the walls of the second part of the arterial branches forming the penicilli in the spleen" [PMC:PMC3204613, Wikipedia:Schweigger-Seidel_sheath]
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010175
name: nutrient foramen vein
namespace: uberon
def: "a vein or veins draining a bone and emerging from a nutrient foramen." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97392]
synonym: "nutrient vein" EXACT [FMA:50780]
synonym: "vena nutricia" RELATED LATIN []
xref: FMA:50780
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001474 ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010176
name: nutrient foramen artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The medullary or nutrient artery, usually accompanied by one or two veins, sends branches upward and downward to the bone marrow, which ramify in the medullary membrane, and give twigs to the adjoining canals." [Wikipedia:Nutrient_artery]
synonym: "a. nutricia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nutrient_artery]
synonym: "a. nutriens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nutrient_artery]
synonym: "aretria nutricia" RELATED LATIN []
synonym: "nutrient artery" EXACT [FMA:50779]
xref: FMA:50779
xref: SCTID:337318006
xref: UMLS:C0278431
xref: ncithesaurus:Nutrient_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001474 ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010181
name: straight venules of kidney
namespace: uberon
def: "The straight venules of kidney are branches from the plexuses at the apices of the medullary pyramids, formed by the terminations of the arteriae rectae. They run outward in a straight course between the tubes of the medullary substance, and joining, as above stated, the interlobular veins, form venous arcades; these in turn unite and form veins which pass along the sides of the pyramids. Contains fenestrated capillaries." [Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney]
synonym: "set of straight venules of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72007]
synonym: "venae rectae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney]
synonym: "venulae rectae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney]
synonym: "venulae rectae of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72007]
synonym: "venulae rectae renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney]
synonym: "venulae recti" RELATED [Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney]
xref: FMA:72007
xref: SCTID:245983001
xref: Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney
is_a: UBERON:0005629  ! vascular plexus
is_a: UBERON:0006544  ! kidney vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010183
name: liver trabecula
namespace: uberon
def: "A trabecula that is part of a liver" [GO:0060344, OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hepatic trabecula" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0000440  ! trabecula
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010185
name: rete ovarii
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor note: todo
xref: EMAPA:17966
xref: SCTID:259261007
xref: UMLS:C0227880
xref: ncithesaurus:Rete_Ovarii
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005296 ! ovary sex cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010188
name: protuberance
namespace: uberon
def: "A roughly circular bulge in a surface." [EHDAA2:0003250]
xref: AEO:0000205
xref: EHDAA2:0003250
xref: FMA:82506
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010189
name: right atrium venous valve
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: part_of in EHDAA2. Only child in MA.
synonym: "right venous valve" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001762]
xref: EHDAA2:0001762
xref: EMAPA:17010
xref: EMAPA:17328
xref: MA:0001872
is_a: UBERON:0005208  ! right atrium valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010190
name: pair of dorsal aortae
namespace: uberon
synonym: "paired dorsal aortae" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000410]
xref: EHDAA2:0000410
xref: MA:0000476
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010191 ! aortic system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010191
name: aortic system
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004512
is_a: UBERON:0000480  ! anatomical group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010192
name: genital artery
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the laterally paired arteries that supply the gonads." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Gonadal_artery]
synonym: "gonadal artery" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0012254  ! abdominal aorta artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta
relationship: supplies UBERON:0000991 ! gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0000991 ! gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010193
name: renal portal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A portal vein that empties into capillaries within the kidneys." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Function notes: function not well understood. [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "renal portal veins" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000577]
xref: TAO:0000577
xref: ZFA:0000577
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010194
name: hepatic portal system
namespace: uberon
def: "A portal system that begins in capillaries in the wall of the digestive tract and and runs as the hepatic portal vein to the liver." [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "hepatic-portal system" EXACT [AAO:0010225]
synonym: "portal system of liver" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010225
is_a: UBERON:0005806  ! portal system
property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system which includes the ventral abdominal vein, pelvic veins, and portal vein and collects blood from the pelvic region, liver, gall bladder and stomach.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010195
name: renal portal system
namespace: uberon
def: "A portal system that transports blood returning from capillary beds within tail or hindlimbs through paired renal portal veins that empty into capillaries within the kidneys." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Function notes: function not well understood. Taxon notes: present in all classes of vertebrates except mammals; the mammalian kidney has a low pressure vascular network that may be its counterpart [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "portal system of kidney" EXACT []
synonym: "renal-portal system" EXACT [AAO:0010518]
xref: AAO:0010518
is_a: UBERON:0005806  ! portal system
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674
property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system in which the veins of the hindlimb combine to form the pair Jacobson's veins which receive many small vesicles from the kidney and also collects blood from the oviducal vein.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010197
name: trunk of common carotid artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The initial part of the entire common carotid artery ending with the point where the artery bifurcates into an external carotid artery and an internal carotid artery." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "common carotid arterial trunk" EXACT [FMA:69323]
synonym: "common carotid artery" RELATED INCONSISTENT [EHDAA2:0000306]
xref: EHDAA2:0000306
xref: EMAPA:18610
xref: FMA:69323
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005396  ! carotid artery segment
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010198
name: carotid duct
namespace: uberon
def: "a portion of the embryonic dorsal aorta between points of juncture with the third and fourth arch arteries; it disappears early in development." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=ductus+caroticus]
comment: In amphibians, closes at metamorphosis[Kardong]
synonym: "ductus caroticus" EXACT [EMAPA:17006]
xref: EMAPA:17006
xref: SCTID:340062006
is_a: UBERON:0003513  ! trunk blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003120 ! aortic arch 3
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003121 ! aortic arch 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010202
name: lateral line
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear." [Wikipedia:Lateral_line, ZFA:0001469]
synonym: "lateral lines" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001469]
xref: AAO:0011128
xref: TAO:0001469
xref: XAO:0004002
xref: ZFA:0001469
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009128 ! lateral line placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010204
name: tail vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a post-anal tail." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: isa blood vessel in XAO
synonym: "post-vent vasculature" EXACT [ZFA:0005037]
synonym: "tail vasculature" RELATED [ZFA:0005037]
xref: TAO:0005037
xref: XAO:0004151
xref: ZFA:0005037
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010205
name: mesencephalic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the several veins that drain the mesencephalon; the posterior ones are tributaries to the great cerebral vein; the lateral ones are tributaries to the basal vein. The main veins are: pontomesencephalic vein [TA] (vena pontomesencephalica [TA]), interpeduncular veins [TA] (venae interpedunculares [TA]), intercollicular vein [TA] (vena intercollicularis [TA]), and lateral mesencephalic vein [TA] (vena mesencephalica lateralis [TA])[MedLex]. The major vein of the midbrain, which crosses the midbrain medially to meet it's partner the mesencephalic artery[XAO]." [XAO:0004174, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97378]
comment: Editor notes: review this term, check taxon scope; note FMA has specific subtypes
synonym: "msv" RELATED [TAO:0005092]
synonym: "vena mesencephalica" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=venae+mesencephalicae]
synonym: "venae mesencephalicae" EXACT PLURAL [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=venae+mesencephalicae]
xref: SCTID:43225002
xref: TAO:0005092
xref: XAO:0004174
xref: ZFA:0005092
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010207
name: nictitating membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "A fold of the mucous membrane of the conjunctiva in many animals. At rest, it is hidden in the medial canthus. It can extend to cover part or all of the cornea to help clean the cornea." [MESH:A13.660, Wikipedia:Nictitating_membrane]
comment: Taxon notes: Some reptiles, birds, and sharks have full nictitating membranes; in many mammals, a small, vestigial portion of the membrane remains in the corner of the eye. Some mammals, such as camels, polar bears, seals, and aardvarks, have full nictitating membranes[WP]. Editor notes: We exclude the shark structure for this via a taxon constraint.
synonym: "nictitans" EXACT [http://tolweb.org/Amniota]
synonym: "third eyelid" EXACT [MESH:A13.660]
xref: MESH:A13.660
xref: UMLS:C0028058
xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chickenblinking.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Nictitating_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0001711  ! eyelid
is_a: UBERON:0010305  ! region of conjunctiva
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010210
name: blood clot
namespace: uberon
def: "A semisolid gelatinous mass of coagulated blood that consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets entrapped in a fibrin network." [BTO:0000102, Wikipedia:Thrombus]
synonym: "thrombus" RELATED [BTO:0000102]
xref: BTO:0000102
xref: galen:BloodClot
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000178 ! blood

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010211
name: granulation tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Highly vascularized tissue that replaces the initial fibrin clot in a wound. Vascularization is by ingrowth of capillary endothelium from the surrounding vasculature. The tissue is also rich in fibroblasts (that will eventually produce the fibrous tissue) and leucocytes." [BTO:0003257]
xref: BTO:0003257
xref: MESH:A10.165.450
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010212
name: laryngeal apparatus
namespace: uberon
def: "Apparatus located between the lungs and the buccal cavity. This apparatus is composed of a pair of arytenoid cartilages that are supported by the cricoid ring." [AAO:0000267]
comment: Check this. See also UBERONREF:0000008
synonym: "laryngeal cartilage system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000904]
xref: AAO:0000267
xref: EHDAA2:0000904
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001739 ! laryngeal cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010213
name: laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010221 ! laryngeal associated mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010212 ! laryngeal apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010214
name: cricoid pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000327
is_a: UBERON:0010213  ! laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010215
name: arytenoid swellings
namespace: uberon
def: "paired primordial elevations, on either side of the embryonic larynx, within which the arytenoid cartilages are formed" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=87317]
comment: AO notes - EHDAA2 and EMAPA appear to be inconsistent
xref: EHDAA2:0000146
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005856  ! developing mesenchymal condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010221 ! laryngeal associated mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010212 ! laryngeal apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010219
name: thyroid pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004088
is_a: UBERON:0010213  ! laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010220
name: arytenoid pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "arytenoid swelling pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17387]
xref: EHDAA2:0000144
xref: EMAPA:17387
xref: VHOG:0000998
is_a: UBERON:0010213  ! laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010215 ! arytenoid swellings

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010221
name: laryngeal associated mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
comment: Many sources say: thyroid cartilage from arch 4 other laryngeal cartilage (cricoid/arytenoid) from 6?
xref: EHDAA2:0004085
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010222
name: anatomical line between pupils
namespace: uberon
synonym: "interpupillary line" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: connects UBERON:0010223 ! left pupil
relationship: connects UBERON:0010224 ! right pupil
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010223
name: left pupil
namespace: uberon
def: "A pupil that is part of a left eye." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pupil of left eye" EXACT [FMA:58254]
xref: FMA:58254
xref: SCTID:368597006
is_a: UBERON:0001771  ! pupil
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004548 ! left eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0001771  ! pupil
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004548 ! left eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010224
name: right pupil
namespace: uberon
def: "A pupil that is part of a right eye." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pupil of right eye" EXACT [FMA:58253]
xref: FMA:58253
xref: SCTID:368575009
is_a: UBERON:0001771  ! pupil
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004549 ! right eye
intersection_of: UBERON:0001771  ! pupil
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004549 ! right eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010225
name: thalamic complex
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004469
xref: FMA:258745
is_a: UBERON:0002784  ! regional part of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010226
name: future cardiac ventricle
namespace: uberon
def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac ventricle." [ZFA:0001719]
synonym: "presumptive cardiac ventricle heart tube" EXACT [ZFA:0001719]
synonym: "primordial cardiac ventricle" EXACT [FMA:71006]
synonym: "primordial ventricle" EXACT [FMA:71006]
xref: FMA:71006
xref: TAO:0002231
xref: ZFA:0001719
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004141 ! heart tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010227
name: future cardiac atrium
namespace: uberon
def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac atrium." [ZFA:0001718]
synonym: "presumptive atrium heart tube" EXACT [ZFA:0001718]
synonym: "primordial atrium" EXACT [FMA:71005]
synonym: "primordial cardiac atrium" EXACT [FMA:71005]
xref: FMA:71005
xref: TAO:0002228
xref: ZFA:0001718
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004141 ! heart tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010230
name: eyeball of camera-type eye
namespace: uberon
def: "The camera-type eye apart from its appendages/adnexa." [Wikipedia:Globe_(human_eye)]
comment: See notes for camera-type eye
synonym: "bulbus oculi" EXACT []
synonym: "eye" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "eye globe" EXACT [VHOG:0001616]
synonym: "eyeball" EXACT [FMA:12513]
synonym: "globe" RELATED [HP:0100886, MIAA:0000283]
xref: FMA:12513
xref: MIAA:0000283
xref: SCTID:244486005
xref: VHOG:0001616
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010231
name: anatomical line between outer ears
namespace: uberon
synonym: "otic line" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: connects UBERON:0006616 ! right external ear
relationship: connects UBERON:0006617 ! left external ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010232
name: placodal ectoderm
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010233
name: stroma of thyroid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "the connective tissue that supports the lobules and follicles of the thyroid gland." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/stroma-of-thyroid-gland.html]
synonym: "thyroid gland stroma" EXACT [FMA:86304]
synonym: "thyroid stroma" EXACT []
xref: FMA:86304
xref: SCTID:157862000
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010234
name: palatopharyngeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The palatopharyngeus or palatopharyngeal or pharyngopalatinus muscle is a long, fleshy fasciculus, narrower in the middle than at either end, forming, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the palatopharyngeal arch." [Wikipedia:Palatopharyngeus_muscle]
comment: Structure notes: It is separated from the palatoglossus muscle by an angular interval, in which the palatine tonsil is lodged. It arises from the soft palate, where it is divided into two fasciculi by the levator veli palatini and musculus uvulae
synonym: "musculus palatopharyngeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatopharyngeus_muscle]
synonym: "palatopharyngeal muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "palatopharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46666]
synonym: "pharyngopalatinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palatopharyngeus_muscle]
synonym: "pharyngopalatinus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatopharyngeus_muscle]
xref: FMA:46666
xref: SCTID:244796000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Musculuspalatopharyngeus.png
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000933  ! pharyngeal muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003682  ! palatal muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003831  ! respiratory system muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0002019 ! accessory XI nerve
property_value: external_definition "Palatopharyngeus is a muscle that attaches to the palatine bones, soft palate, and pharynx and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X via the pharyngeal plexus.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010235
name: uvular muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The musculus uvulae (azygos uvulae) is a muscle of the soft palate. It arises from the posterior nasal spine of the palatine bones and from the palatine aponeurosis. It descends to be inserted into the uvula and functions to move and shape it. It is innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae]
synonym: "azygos uvulae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae]
synonym: "m. uvulae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae]
synonym: "musculus uvulae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae]
synonym: "musculus uvulae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae]
synonym: "uvulae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae]
synonym: "uvular muscle" EXACT [FMA:46733]
xref: FMA:46733
xref: SCTID:244797009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray169.png
is_a: UBERON:0003682  ! palatal muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000929 ! pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve
property_value: external_definition "The muscle of the uvuli is an integral part of the soft palate and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X .[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010239
name: spiral colon
namespace: uberon
def: "A variant of the ascending colon in ruminants and pigs." [Wikipedia:Spiral_colon]
comment: Editor notes: Consider merging with ascending colon
synonym: "coiled colon" EXACT []
xref: UMLS:C0227374
xref: ncithesaurus:Spiral_Colon
is_a: UBERON:0000168  ! segment of colon
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010241
name: molar gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A minor salivary gland that is part of a cheek." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: a variety of mammals have salivary glands variously terms upper molar/buccal gland - this class groups all of these
synonym: "molar salivary gland" EXACT [FMA:59794]
xref: FMA:59794
xref: SCTID:59637006
is_a: UBERON:0001830  ! minor salivary gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek
intersection_of: UBERON:0001830  ! minor salivary gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010242
name: anterior buccal gland
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior buccal salivary gland" RELATED []
xref: MA:0002700
is_a: UBERON:0010241  ! molar gland
is_a: UBERON:0012102  ! buccal salivary gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010243
name: merocrine gland
namespace: uberon
def: "One in which the secretory cells maintain their integrity throughout the secretory cycle." [BTO:0002324, Wikipedia:Merocrine]
xref: BTO:0002324
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
property_value: has_relational_adjective "merocrine" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010244
name: choroid tapetum lucidum
namespace: uberon
def: "A tapetum lucidum that is part of the choroid. The choroidal tapetum lucidum lies immediately adjacent to the choriocapillaris and external to the retinal epithelium" [PMID:14738502, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum#Classification]
comment: AO notes: we make the assumption that the BTO class belongs here rather than with the parent; the other type is the retinal type
synonym: "choroidal tapetum lucidum" EXACT []
synonym: "tapetum choroideae" EXACT [BTO:0001828]
xref: BTO:0001828
xref: SCTID:3034006
is_a: UBERON:0004868  ! tapetum lucidum
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000966 ! retina
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid
intersection_of: UBERON:0004868  ! tapetum lucidum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010245
name: retinal tapetum lucidum
namespace: uberon
def: "A tapetum lucidum that is part of the retina, within the cytoplasm of the retinal epithelium" [PMID:14738502, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum#Classification]
comment: Taxon notes: as seen in teleosts, crocodiles, marsupials and fruit bats[WP]
is_a: UBERON:0004868  ! tapetum lucidum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina
intersection_of: UBERON:0004868  ! tapetum lucidum
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:30559
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8493
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9263
property_value: taxon_notes "In crocodilians, a semicircular area of the retinal epithelium in the superior fundus shows a fair sulfur yellow coloration and is specialized as a tapetum lucidum. " xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "In the tapetal area, no melanosomes are formed indicating a nonocclusible tapetum in the Caiman sclerops. " xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "Retinal tapeta lucida are common in fish and some reptiles, but rarely occur in mammals. In most of these species the retinal tapetum can be classified as either a lipid (in some teleosts, mammals) or guanine type (in some teleosts, reptiles). Another differentiation can be made among the retinal tapeta lucida based on whether the tapetum is occlusible (found in most of teleosts), or nonocclusible (or static) (found in mammals)" xsd:string
property_value: taxon_notes "the tapetum lucidum is an integral part of the pigment epithelium in primitive teleosts (lying in the pro- cesses of the pigmented epithelial cells). It can vary in chemical nature. " xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010249
name: posterior meningeal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior meningeal artery are small vessels which are branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery which supply the dura mater. It passes through the mastoid foramen before entering the cranium via the jugular foramen." [Wikipedia:Posterior_meningeal_artery]
synonym: "arteria meningea posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_meningeal_artery]
synonym: "meningeal branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_meningeal_artery]
synonym: "posterior meningeal arteries" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Posterior_meningeal_artery]
synonym: "terminal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery" EXACT [FMA:49503]
xref: FMA:49503
xref: UMLS:C0221310
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Meningeal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0003474  ! meningeal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010250
name: middle meningeal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle meningeal artery is typically the third branch of the first part (retromandibular part) of the maxillary artery; one of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. After branching off the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa, it runs through the foramen spinosum to supply the dura mater and the calvaria. The middle meningeal artery is the largest of the three (paired) arteries which supply the meninges, the others being the anterior meningeal artery and the posterior meningeal artery. In approximately half of subjects it branches into an accessory meningeal artery. The middle meningeal artery runs beneath the pterion. It is vulnerable to injury at this point, where the skull is thin. Rupture of the artery may give rise to an epidural hematoma." [Wikipedia:Middle_meningeal_artery]
synonym: "arteria meningea media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_meningeal_artery]
xref: FMA:49711
xref: SCTID:278100005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Middle_meningeal_artery.png
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003474  ! meningeal artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001616 ! maxillary artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010251
name: anterior meningeal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "a meningeal branch to the dura mater arising from the anterior ethmoidal artery." [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery#Branches]
comment: Editor notes: this needs checking as part of a general revision of the blood vessels and their branches - unclear if the anterior meningeal artery should be treated separately from the anterior ethmoidal artery (ie as a branch) or the same thing
synonym: "a. ethmoidalis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "anterior ethmoid arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "anterior ethmoid artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "anterior meningeal arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "anterior meningeal artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "anterior meningeal branch of anterior ethmoidal artery" EXACT [FMA:49993]
synonym: "arteria ethmoidalis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
xref: FMA:49993
xref: SCTID:369327009
xref: UMLS:C0226187
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray514.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Meningeal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003474  ! meningeal artery
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0012318 ! anterior ethmoidal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010252
name: 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000037
is_a: UBERON:0009584  ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010259  ! 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007098 ! mandibular neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010253
name: 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000044
is_a: UBERON:0010045  ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010259  ! 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010254
name: 2nd arch mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 2nd arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "branchial arch 2 mesenchyme from neural crest" RELATED []
synonym: "neural crest derived arch 2 mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 2 mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000068
xref: EMAPA:16281
is_a: UBERON:0005689  ! 2nd arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010359  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007099 ! hyoid neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010255
name: 3rd arch mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 3rd arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "3rd pharyngeal arch mesenchyme derived from neural crest" EXACT [VHOG:0000571]
synonym: "branchial arch 3 mesenchyme from neural crest" RELATED []
synonym: "mesenchyme derived from neural crest of mesenchyme of 3rd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16404]
synonym: "neural crest derived arch 3 mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 3 mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000083
xref: EMAPA:16404
xref: VHOG:0000571
is_a: UBERON:0005690  ! 3rd arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010359  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010256
name: 4th arch mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 4th arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "4th pharyngeal arch mesenchyme derived from neural crest" EXACT [VHOG:0000580]
synonym: "branchial arch 4 mesenchyme from neural crest" RELATED []
synonym: "mesenchyme derived from neural crest of mesenchyme of 4th arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16772]
synonym: "neural crest derived arch 4 mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 4 mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000098
xref: EMAPA:16772
xref: VHOG:0000580
is_a: UBERON:0005691  ! 4th arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010359  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme
property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010257
name: 6th arch mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 6th arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "branchial arch 6 mesenchyme from neural crest" RELATED []
synonym: "neural crest derived arch 6 mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 6 mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0004077
is_a: UBERON:0010031  ! 6th arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010359  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010258
name: mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a rhombencephalon neural crest." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004423
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010259
name: 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "branchial arch 1 mesenchyme from neural crest" RELATED []
synonym: "mesenchyme derived from neural crest of mesenchyme of 1st arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16129]
synonym: "neural crest derived arch 1 mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 1 mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:16129
is_a: UBERON:0010042  ! 1st arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010359  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010262
name: operculum of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "The most posterior portion of the inferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe in the brain. In an axial plane, the Sylvian fissure extends from the operculum posteriorly to divide the frontal from the temporal lobe. Broca's area is a notable part of the operculum, which plays a key role in conversation or speech production, reading and writing. Its vascular supply comes from the M3 branches of the middle cerebral artery[WP]." [Wikipedia:Operculum_%28brain%29]
synonym: "operculum" BROAD [HP:0100954]
xref: SCTID:362351003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Operculum.png
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010263
name: obsolete embryoid body
namespace: uberon
def: "Embryoid bodies are structures resembling embryos, occurring in several types of germ cell tumors." [BTO:0001718, Wikipedia:Embryoid_body]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Obsoled, as does not cover naturally occurring entity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010264
name: hepatopancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "an organ of the digestive tract of arthropods and molluscs. It provides the functions which in mammals are provided separately by the liver and pancreas, including the production of digestive enzymes, and absorption of digested food." [Wikipedia:Hepatopancreas]
xref: BTO:0000597
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
is_a: UBERON:0006925  ! digestive gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6657

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010267
name: obsolete inferior reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0021728]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010268
name: obsolete superior reticular formation
namespace: uberon
def: "." [GO:0021729]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010269
name: filum terminale internum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "internal part of filum terminale" EXACT [FMA:256524]
xref: FMA:256524
xref: SCTID:315673007
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005443 ! filum terminale

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010270
name: filum terminale externum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "external part of filum terminale" EXACT [FMA:256526]
xref: FMA:256526
xref: SCTID:315573001
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005443 ! filum terminale

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010271
name: musculus retractor bulbi
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial nerve VI innervated; ventral and posterior to the eye." [AAO:0010122]
comment: Editors note: TODO - add innervation relationships // In most other mammals it also innervates the musculus retractor bulbi, which can retract the eye for protection[wiki/Abducens_nerve]
synonym: "M. retractor bulbi" EXACT []
synonym: "retractor bulbi" EXACT []
synonym: "retractor bulbi muscle" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010122
is_a: UBERON:0001601  ! extra-ocular muscle
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010272
name: hyoid apparatus
namespace: uberon
def: "A group of bones comprised of hyoid body and two pairs of cornua (i.e. greater cornua and lesser cornua), and lies just below the tongue, above the thyroid cartilage" [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Hyoid_apparatus]
comment: Taxon notes: In most mammals, including humans, the hyoid apparatus is shaped like a horseshoe. However, in humans, some of the bones of the hyoid apparatus are fused into a single bone called os hyoideum. In other animals such as frogs, the hyoid apparatus has a hyoid body that is chiefly comprised of hyaline cartilage and two pairs of processes (i.e. alary process and the posteriolateral process).
synonym: "apparatus hyobranchialis" RELATED LATIN []
synonym: "apparatus hyoideus" RELATED [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Hyoid_apparatus]
synonym: "hyobranchial apparatus" RELATED [AAO:0000225]
synonym: "hyolingual system" RELATED [AAO:0000225]
xref: AAO:0000225
xref: AAO:0000682
xref: SCTID:410035009
xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/gill_arches/images/ReptileHyoids.gif
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005884 ! hyoid arch skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of hyolaryngeal complex (AAO:0000226)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Apparatus located in the floor of the mouth, under the mandibular arcade. The apparatus consists of a central corpus and four pairs of processes. This apparatus serves as the site of insertion for a variety of muscles associated with movements of the tongue and as the origin of the m. hyoglossus.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010273
name: zone of hyoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of bone organ that is part of a hyoid bone." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "hyoid bone zone" EXACT [FMA:59494]
xref: FMA:59494
xref: SCTID:119534005
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010276
name: vertebral column opening
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical conduit that is part of a vertebra." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: in AAO this is a space rather than conduit
synonym: "vertebral conduit" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000700
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010277
name: mesocardium
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the embryonic mesentery which connects the embryonic heart with the body wall in front and the foregut behind." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mesocardium]
comment: Editor notes: consider merging with heart mesentery
xref: MA:0000098
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004873 ! splanchnopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003282 ! mesentery of heart
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001074 ! pericardial cavity
property_value: has_relational_adjective "mesocardial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010279
name: pericardial sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "There are two Pericardial sinuses: transverse and oblique. The cul-de-sac enclosed between the limbs of the inverted U of the venous mesocardium lies behind the left atrium and is known as the oblique sinus. . The passage between the venous and arterial mesocardiabi.e. , between the aorta and pulmonary artery in front and the superior vena cava behindbis termed the transverse sinus. Also, the sinus that forms in the pericardial cavity where the dorso-mesentary pericardium reside. Can be used to pass ligature during cardiac surgery." [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus]
synonym: "oblique pericardial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus]
synonym: "oblique pericardial sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus]
synonym: "oblique sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus]
synonym: "pericardial sinuses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus]
synonym: "transverse pericardial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus]
synonym: "transverse pericardial sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus]
xref: SCTID:314273005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Gray489.png
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001074 ! pericardial cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010277 ! mesocardium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010283
name: oblique pericardial sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "The cul-de-sac enclosed between the limbs of the inverted U of the venous mesocardium lies behind the left atrium.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus]
synonym: "oblique sinus of pericardial cavity" EXACT [FMA:77133]
xref: FMA:77133
is_a: UBERON:0010279  ! pericardial sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010284
name: lacrimal punctum
namespace: uberon
def: "A minute orifice on the summit of the papillae lacrimales, which is the commencement point of the lacrimal canaliculi." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_punctum]
xref: FMA:59365
xref: SCTID:263344003
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray895.png
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001750 ! lacrimal apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010285
name: midbrain basal plate
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of tissue that is dorsolateral to the floor plate and part of the midbrain." [ZFA:0000761]
synonym: "basal plate midbrain" EXACT [TAO:0000761]
xref: EFO:0003567
xref: EHDAA2:0004375
xref: TAO:0000761
xref: ZFA:0000761
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009581 ! midbrain mantle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010286 ! midbrain neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010286
name: midbrain neural tube
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of neural tube that gives rise to the midbrain." [ZFA:0007039]
xref: TAO:0007039
xref: ZFA:0007039
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003080 ! anterior neural tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010287
name: motor root of facial nerve
namespace: uberon
synonym: "facial nerve motor root" EXACT [FMA:53419]
synonym: "seventh cranial nerve motor root" EXACT [FMA:53419]
xref: FMA:53419
xref: SCTID:280191009
is_a: UBERON:0004674  ! facial nerve root
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005239 ! basal plate metencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010288
name: future medulla oblongata
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi-tissue structure that develops_into a medulla oblongata." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001088
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata
intersection_of: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010289
name: scleral cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "Circular cartilage ringing the posterior portion of the eye in the sclera. Supports the eye." [http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=scleral+cartilage]
comment: Taxon notes: May be calcified in chondrichthyans. Tetrapods without this element (e.g., snakes and mammals) have a collagenous sclera.  May not be homologous - see PMID:17051547. cup-shaped in birds. Present in monotremes. Editor notes: consider distinguishing cup from predecessor of ossicle. Hall: The scleral cartilaginous cup is a distinctly sepa- rate element composed of hyaline cartilage. Editors notes: relationship to sclera - overlaps?
synonym: "scleral cartilage element" EXACT [PMID:17051547]
synonym: "scleral cartilaginous cup" NARROW SENSU [PMID:17051547]
synonym: "sclerotic cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001509]
xref: TAO:0001509
xref: ZFA:0001509
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium
is_a: UBERON:0010296  ! scleral skeletal element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32525
property_value: external_definition "Bilaterally paired thin continuous band of cartilage that sagitally encircles the eye.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010290
name: scleral ossicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A bony plate around the eyes, are situated at the corneal-scleral limbus. They do not articulate with other elements of the skull. Typically, the scleral ossicles overlap the rim of a cup of scleral cartilage that supports the eyeball. Situated near the equator of the eye and may slightly overlap the rim of scleral cartilage." [PMID:17051547]
comment: Taxon notes: The distribution of scleral ossicles and scleral cartilage among verte- brate taxa is not the same. Some taxa (e.g., birds) have both elements; some only have one element (e.g., crocodiles only have a scleral cartilage); while others (e.g., snakes) have neither element (Walls, 1942) number of ossicles making up the sclerotic ring as well as the shape of both the individual plates and the sclerotic ring is variable among tetrapod taxa.... It is therefore extremely likely that scleral skeletal elements (ossicles and cartilage) of all rep- tiles (including birds) are homologous (but cannot be assumed for reptiles and teleosts). Function notes: The function of these elements is to support the eye from within the sclera; scleral ossicles play an additional important role during accommodation in terrestrial vertebrates (Lemmrich, 1931; Walls, 1942; King and McLelland, 1984).
synonym: "scleral ossicle" EXACT [PMID:17051547]
synonym: "sclerotic bone" EXACT [ZFA:0001411]
synonym: "sclerotic ossicle" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:45632000
is_a: UBERON:0010296  ! scleral skeletal element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7777
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7878

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010291
name: layer of sclera
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Sclera#Histology]
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010292
name: episcleral layer of eyeball
namespace: uberon
def: "The episclera is the outermost layer of the sclera. It is composed of loose, fibrous, elastic tissue and attaches to Tenon's capsule. A vascular plexus is found between the conjunctiva and the sclera consisting of two layers of vessels, the superficial episcleral vessels and the deep episcleral vessels." [Wikipedia:Episcleral_layer]
synonym: "episclera" EXACT [FMA:58362]
synonym: "episcleral layer" EXACT [FMA:58362]
synonym: "lamina episcleralis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Episcleral_layer]
xref: FMA:58362
xref: SCTID:368850003
xref: UMLS:C0229109
xref: ncithesaurus:Episclera
is_a: UBERON:0010291  ! layer of sclera

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010293
name: suprachoroid lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "On the external surface of the sclera is a thin membrane, the suprachoroid lamina, composed of delicate non-vascular lamellaebeach lamella consisting of a net-work of fine elastic fibers among which are branched pigment cells. The spaces between the lamellC& are lined by endothelium, and open freely into the perichoroidal lymph space, which, in its turn, communicates with the periscleral space by the perforations in the sclera through which the vessels and nerves are transmitted." [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina]
synonym: "fusca sclerae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina]
synonym: "lamina fusca of sclera" EXACT [FMA:58368]
synonym: "lamina fusca sclerae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina]
synonym: "lamina fusca scletae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina]
synonym: "lamina suprachorioidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina]
synonym: "lamina suprachoroidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina]
synonym: "suprachoroid lamina of sclera" EXACT [FMA:58368]
xref: FMA:58368
xref: SCTID:280607003
is_a: UBERON:0010291  ! layer of sclera

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010294
name: scleral endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An endothelium that is part of a sclera." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
is_a: UBERON:0007625  ! pigment epithelium of eye
is_a: UBERON:0010291  ! layer of sclera
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010295
name: substantia propria of sclera
namespace: uberon
def: "A stroma that is part of a sclera." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "scleral stroma" EXACT [FMA:58365]
synonym: "stroma of sclera" EXACT [FMA:58365]
synonym: "subsantia propria" BROAD []
synonym: "subsantia propria sclerae" EXACT [FMA:58365]
xref: FMA:58365
xref: SCTID:368851004
xref: UMLS:C1704397
xref: ncithesaurus:Substantia_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
is_a: UBERON:0010291  ! layer of sclera
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera
intersection_of: UBERON:0003891  ! stroma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010296
name: scleral skeletal element
namespace: uberon
comment: An eye adnexal structure, but not necessarily part of the eyeball
is_a: UBERON:0010321  ! skeletal element of eye region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010297
name: endochondral scleral ossicle
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: The scleral ossicles [of teleosts] are reported to form indirectly by endochondral (Hall and Miyake, 1992) or by perichondral ossification (Patterson, 1977) from a cartilage element that is also present in the sclera. This is unlike the scleral ossicles of reptiles, which develop directly from ectomesenchyme (i.e., intramembranous ossification) and independently from the scleral cartilage[PMID:17051547]
xref: TAO:0001411
xref: ZFA:0001411
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0010290  ! scleral ossicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010289 ! scleral cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523
property_value: external_definition "A pair of small dish-shaped bones that cap the anterior and posterior margin of the eyeball.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010298
name: intramembranous scleral ossicle
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: The scleral ossicles [in reptiles] are of dermal (neural crest) origin, develop intramembranously within the scleral mesenchyme, and are induced to form by overlying (transient) epithelial scleral papillae (Nelson, 1942; Murray, 1943; Fyfe and Hall, 1981, 1983; Hall, 1981, 2005; Pinto and Hall, 1991)
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0010290  ! scleral ossicle
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0010299 ! scleral mesenchyme
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0010300 ! epithelial scleral papilla layer
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010299
name: scleral mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme surrounding the developing optic cup which develops into the sclera." [PMID:16496288, UBERON:cjm]
comment: Development notes: The mesenchyme surrounding the developing optic cup differentiates into the sclera, the dense fibrous coat of the eye.. PMID:16496288
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010300
name: epithelial scleral papilla layer
namespace: uberon
comment: Development notes: The scleral ossicles are of dermal (neural crest) origin, develop intramembranously within the scleral mesenchyme, and are induced to form by overlying (transient) epithelial scleral papillae (Nelson, 1942; Murray, 1943; Fyfe and Hall, 1981, 1983; Hall, 1981, 2005; Pinto and Hall, 1991). Taxon notes: Scleral papillae (which induce scleral ossicles in birds) have not been reported in teleosts, but evidence for their presence may not have been sought
synonym: "scleral papillae" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0010299 ! scleral mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010303
name: extraembryonic epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a extraembryonic structure." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "extra-embryonic epithelium" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010304
name: non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Stratified squamous epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium, the cells of which synthesizes but does not accumulate keratin. Examples: epithelium of vagina, epithelium of wall of esophagus." [FMA:45569, Wikipedia:Stratified_squamous_epithelium#Nonkeratinized]
synonym: "epithelium stratificatum squamosum noncornificatum" EXACT [FMA:45569]
synonym: "nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium" EXACT [FMA:45569]
xref: FMA:45569
is_a: UBERON:0006915  ! stratified squamous epithelium
disjoint_from: UBERON:0012329  ! keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010305
name: region of conjunctiva
namespace: uberon
def: "The conjunctiva is divided into 3 parts." [Wikipedia:Conjunctiva#Gross_anatomy]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "conjunctiva subdivision" EXACT [FMA:59023]
xref: FMA:59023
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva
intersection_of: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010306
name: bulbar conjunctiva
namespace: uberon
comment: covers the eyeball, over the sclera. This region of the conjunctiva is tightly bound to the underlying sclera by Tenon's capsule and moves with the eyeball movements.
synonym: "ocular conjunctiva" EXACT [Wikipedia:Conjunctiva]
xref: FMA:59024
xref: SCTID:264509009
xref: UMLS:C0229275
xref: ncithesaurus:Bulbar_Conjunctiva
is_a: UBERON:0010305  ! region of conjunctiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010307
name: conjunctival fornix
namespace: uberon
def: "line of reflexion of the conjunctiva from the eyelid to the eyeball." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/conjunctival+fornix]
comment: Forms the junction between the bulbar and palpebral conjunctivas. It is loose and flexible, allowing the free movement of the lids and eyeball
synonym: "fornix conjunctiva" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Conjunctiva]
xref: FMA:59016
xref: SCTID:276831007
is_a: UBERON:0010305  ! region of conjunctiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010308
name: os opticus
namespace: uberon
def: "Scleral element located at the posterior pole of the scleral cartilage surrounding the foramen through which the optic nerve fibers pass. the internal architecture of this bone reveals a cancellous marrow cavity with fatty tissue." [PMID:16496288]
comment: Taxon notes: At present, it has been documented in 219 species from 35 families, including perching birds, woodpeckers, hummingbirds, toucans, kingfishers, and falcons (Tiemeier, 1950). Morphologically, this element varies in shape from a complete encircling element in some woodpeckers (e.g., Melanerpes eryth- rocephalus) to an abbreviated arc in Gallus
synonym: "Gemminger's ossicle" EXACT [PMID:16496288]
synonym: "os nervi optici" EXACT [PMID:16496288]
is_a: UBERON:0010298  ! intramembranous scleral ossicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010309
name: palpebral bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An ossified element investing the upper eyelid." [PMID:16496288, Wikipedia:Palpebral_(bone)]
comment: Taxon notes: The most extreme development of the palpebral is found in the armored dino- saur Euoplocephalus tutus, where the bone forms a quarter-sphere and adducts to completely occlude the or- bit (Coombs, 1972; Vickaryous and Russell, 2003). Notwithstanding the superficially similar position, palpe- brals and tarsal plates differ both anatomically and developmentally and are not considered homologous (Gauthier et al., 1988). Editor notes PMID:16496288 says 'invests' the eyelid, is this consistent across taxa?
synonym: "palpebral" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0010321  ! skeletal element of eye region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010310
name: nictitating membrane lamina
namespace: uberon
def: "thin cartilage element that stiffens the nictitating membrane." [PMID:16496288]
comment: Taxon notes: these laminae may consist of purely hyaline cartilage (cats and horses) or may be heavily invested with elastic fibers (dogs, pigs, and cows; Schlegel et al., 2001)
synonym: "cartilago intercipiens" EXACT [PMID:16496288]
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003581  ! eyelid connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010207 ! nictitating membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010207 ! nictitating membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010311
name: scleral sesamoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A sesamoid bone that lies adjacent to the tendon of one of the muscles responsible for adducting the nictitating membrane (the pyramidal nictitating muscle) " [PMID:16496288]
comment: Structure notes: During contraction, the scleral sesamoid bone acts to anchor the pyramidal nictitating muscle to the sclera and divert the tendon from pro- jecting over the cornea. It remains to be determined whether this is indeed a true sesamoid (sensu; Vickaryous and Olson, 2006), as the scleral sesa- moid is actually invested within the synovial tendon sheath and not the tendon per se
synonym: "scleral sesamoid" EXACT [PMID:16496288]
synonym: "scleral sesamoid element" EXACT []
synonym: "sesamoideum esclerae" EXACT [PMID:16496288]
is_a: UBERON:0001479  ! sesamoid bone
is_a: UBERON:0010290  ! scleral ossicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010312
name: immature eye
namespace: uberon
def: "Developing anatomical structure that develops into the eyeball and associated structures." [ZFA:0001678]
synonym: "future eye" EXACT []
xref: TAO:0002201
xref: ZFA:0001678
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003071 ! eye primordium
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003071 ! eye primordium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
intersection_of: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003071 ! eye primordium
property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure that consists of the structures that develop into the retina and lens.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010313
name: neural crest-derived structure
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that develops from the neural crest." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Grouping term for query purposes
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010314
name: structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical structure that has some part that develops from the neural crest." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Grouping term for query purposes
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
intersection_of: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010316
name: germ layer / neural crest
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic)

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010317
name: obsolete germ layer / neural crest derived structure
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: Grouping term for query purposes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010321
name: skeletal element of eye region
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal element that is part of a ocular region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "eye skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "ocular skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "skeletal element of ocular region" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004088 ! ocular region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004088 ! ocular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010323
name: cranial skeletal system
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal subdivision of the head including skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus." [VSAO:0000049]
comment: Note that the cranial skeleton includes the pharyngeal arch skeleton. It is thus more inclusive that the cranium itself, and extends beyond the head in tetrapods. The AAO class called 'skull' belongs here, as it includes the whole splanchnocranium. Editor notes: we use 'cranial skeletal system', so that we can include the skull, which has joints/sutures as parts (recall, we follow FMA in distinguishing between the skeleton and skeletal system - only the latter includes joints)
synonym: "cranial skeleton" NARROW []
synonym: "cranium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0000737]
synonym: "osteocranium" NARROW []
xref: AAO:0000109
xref: AAO:0000971
xref: AAO:0010185
xref: TAO:0000737
xref: VSAO:0000049
xref: XAO:0003075
xref: ZFA:0000737
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011137 ! axial skeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Bony structure that encases the central nervous system and the primary sense organs of sight, olfaction, hearing, and equilibrium.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system which is part of the skull, including the splanchnocranium, chondrocranium, and dermatocranium.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010324
name: obsolete craniofacial region
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0001456  ! face
xref: VSAO:0000083

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010325
name: obsolete craniofacial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Cranial skeleton derived from neural crest cells." [VSAO:0000082]
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0011156  ! facial skeleton
synonym: "Cranio-facial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
xref: VSAO:0000082

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010327
name: obsolete early digestive tract associated mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010328
name: limb bud mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a limb bud." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010329  ! limb/fin bud mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010329
name: limb/fin bud mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a limb/fin bud." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010330
name: eyelid mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a eyelid." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0003314  ! eye mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010332
name: epithelium of handplate
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a handplate." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "handplate epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000730]
xref: EHDAA2:0000730
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010334
name: maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a maxillary process mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004601
is_a: UBERON:0009526  ! maxillary process mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010253 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010335
name: maxillary process mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a maxillary process mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004602
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0009526  ! maxillary process mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010338 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010336
name: mandibular process mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a mandibular process mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004603
is_a: UBERON:0006905  ! mandibular process mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010252 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010337
name: mandibular process mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a mandibular process mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004604
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006905  ! mandibular process mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010339 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010338
name: 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000043
is_a: UBERON:0010045  ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010341  ! 1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010339
name: 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000036
is_a: UBERON:0009584  ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010341  ! 1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010341
name: 1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 1st arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16130]
xref: EMAPA:16130
is_a: UBERON:0010042  ! 1st arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010360  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010343
name: 2nd arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 2nd arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "branchial arch 2 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "head mesenchyme derived arch 2 mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 2nd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16280]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 2 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000067
xref: EMAPA:16280
is_a: UBERON:0005689  ! 2nd arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010360  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010344
name: 3rd arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 3rd arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "branchial arch 3 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "head mesenchyme derived arch 3 mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 3rd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16403]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 3 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000082
xref: EMAPA:16403
is_a: UBERON:0005690  ! 3rd arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010360  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010345
name: 4th arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 4th arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "branchial arch 4 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "head mesenchyme derived arch 4 mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 4th arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16771]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 4 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000097
xref: EMAPA:16771
is_a: UBERON:0005691  ! 4th arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010360  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010347
name: 6th arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 6th arch mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "branchial arch 6 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "head mesenchyme derived arch 6 mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 6 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0004078
is_a: UBERON:0010031  ! 6th arch mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010360  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010348
name: hyoid pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hyoid muscle plate" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000795
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010343 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010349
name: otic capsule pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "otic capsule anlage" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000833
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 ! otic region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010351
name: otic capsule cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001333
xref: EHDAA:4704
xref: EMAPA:17596
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001694 ! petrous part of temporal bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010349 ! otic capsule pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 ! otic region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010354
name: Reichert's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "future Reichert's cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "hyoid cartilage pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17351]
xref: EMAPA:17351
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010254 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme from neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010355
name: ossification center
namespace: uberon
def: "The first step in ossification of the cartilage is that the cartilage cells, at the point where ossification is commencing and which is termed a ossification center, enlarge and arrange themselves in rows. The matrix in which they are imbedded increases in quantity, so that the cells become further separated from each other. A deposit of calcareous material now takes place in this matrix, between the rows of cells, so that they become separated from each other by longitudinal columns of calcified matrix, presenting a granular and opaque appearance. Here and there the matrix between two cells of the same row also becomes calcified, and transverse bars of calcified substance stretch across from one calcareous column to another. Thus there are longitudinal groups of the cartilage cells enclosed in oblong cavities, the walls of which are formed of calcified matrix which cuts off all nutrition from the cells; the cells, in consequence, atrophy, leaving spaces called the primary areolC&." [Wikipedia:Ossification_center]
comment: Editors note: currently classified as a zone of a bone organ, but exists prior to bone ossifying
synonym: "center of ossification" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ossification_center]
synonym: "centrum ossificationis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Ossification_center]
synonym: "ossification centre" EXACT [FMA:75436]
xref: FMA:75436
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Gray79.png
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010356
name: primary ossification center
namespace: uberon
def: "A primary ossification center is the first area of a bone to start ossifying. It usually appears during prenatal development in the central part of each developing bone. In long bones the primary centers occur in the diaphysis/shaft and in irregular bones the primary centers occur usually in the body of the bone. Most bones have only one primary center (e.g. all long bones) but some irregular bones such as the os coxa (hip) and vertebrae have multiple primary centers." [Wikipedia:Ossification_center#Primary]
synonym: "centrum ossificationis primarium" EXACT LATIN [NominaAnatomica:NA]
synonym: "primarium" BROAD [FMA:TA]
synonym: "primary ossification centre" EXACT [FMA:75447]
xref: FMA:75447
xref: UMLS:C1184750
xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Ossification_Center
is_a: UBERON:0010355  ! ossification center

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010357
name: secondary ossification center
namespace: uberon
def: "A secondary ossification center is the area of ossification that appears after the primary ossification center has already appeared - most of which appear during the postnatal and adolescent years. Most bones have more than one secondary ossification center. In long bones, the secondary centres appear in the epiphyses." [Wikipedia:Ossification_center#Secondary]
synonym: "centrum ossificationis secundarium" EXACT LATIN [NominaAnatomica:NA]
synonym: "secondary ossification centre" EXACT [FMA:75448]
synonym: "secundarium" BROAD [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:75448
is_a: UBERON:0010355  ! ossification center

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010358
name: arch of centrum of vertebra
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: Note that humans do not have hemal arches, so VA=NA for FMA
synonym: "arch of vertebra" NARROW [FMA:11946]
synonym: "arcus vertebrae (vertebralis)" NARROW [FMA:11946]
synonym: "vertebra arch" NARROW [MA:0001453]
synonym: "vertebral arch" NARROW [FMA:11946]
xref: FMA:11946
xref: VHOG:0001670
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
property_value: homology_notes " (...) certain common components [of vertebral structure] are found in nearly all vertebrate. A representative vertebra has a vertebral arch or neural arch, which extends dorsally around the spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010359
name: pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Partially implements UBERONREF:0000002 NC meeting scheme
synonym: "arch mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT []
synonym: "branchial arch mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT []
synonym: "neural crest derived arch mesenchyme" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010360
name: pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Partially implements UBERONREF:0000002 NC meeting scheme
synonym: "arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "branchial arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme" EXACT []
synonym: "head mesenchyme derived arch mesenchyme" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010361
name: synostosis
namespace: uberon
def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones are connected by bone. Examples: epiphyseal junction, manubriosternal synostosis." [FMA:7499]
synonym: "bony union" EXACT [FMA:7499]
synonym: "junctura ossea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:7499
xref: SCTID:1216008
xref: ZFA:0005610
is_a: UBERON:0011134  ! nonsynovial joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010362
name: endoskeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal subdivision that undergoes indirect development and includes elements that develop as a replacement or substitution of other elements or tissues[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000037, Wikipedia:Endoskeleton]
synonym: "replacement skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
xref: VSAO:0000037
xref: XAO:0004026
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0010522 ! replacement element
property_value: external_definition "An endoskeleton is an internal support structure of an animal, composed of mineralized tissue. Endoskeleton develops within the skin or in the deeper body tissues. The vertebrate is basically an endoskeleton made up of two types of tissues (bone and cartilage). During early embryonic development the endoskeleton is composed of notochord and cartilage. The notochord in most vertebrates is replaced by vertebral column and cartilage is replaced by bone in most adults. In three phyla and one subclass of animals, endoskeletons of various complexity are found: Chordata, Echinodermata, Porifera, and Coleoidea. An endoskeleton may function purely for support (as in the case of sponges), but often serves as an attachment site for muscle and a mechanism for transmitting muscular forces. A true endoskeleton is derived from mesodermal tissue. Such a skeleton is present in echinoderms and chordates. The poriferan 'skeleton' consists of microscopic calcareous or siliceous spicules or a spongin network. The Coleoidae do not have a true endoskeleton in the evolutionary sense; here, a mollusk exoskeleton evolved into several sorts of internal structure, the \"cuttlebone\" of cuttlefish being the best-known version. Yet they do have cartilaginous tissue in their body, even if it is not mineralized, especially in the head, where it forms a primitive cranium. The endoskeleton gives shape,support and protection to the body and provides a mean of locomotion.[Wikipedia:Endoskeleton]t" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010363
name: endochondral element
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal element that has the potential to participate in endochondral ossification, and may participate in intramembranous ossification." [VSAO:0000139]
synonym: "endochondral replacement element" EXACT [VSAO:0000139]
xref: VSAO:0000139
xref: XAO:0004017
xref: ZFA:0005620
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000009

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010364
name: dermal skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal subdivision that undergoes direct development and includes elements that either develop in association with the basement membrane of the ectoderm or are homologous with such elements; includes dermatocranium, components of the appendicular skeleton, teeth and tooth-like elements of the oropharynx, and integumentary elements." [VSAO:0000035]
comment: This ontology covers metazoa, so we do not use exoskeleton as primary label, as in VSAO
synonym: "dermal skeletal system" RELATED [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "dermoskeleton" RELATED [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "desmoskeleton" RELATED [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "exoskeleton" BROAD INCONSISTENT [VSAO:curator]
xref: VSAO:0000035
xref: XAO:0004025
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010365
name: odontoid tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal tissue that is part of the exoskeleton and derived from an odontogenic papilla." [VSAO:0000063]
synonym: "dental tissue" RELATED [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "odontogenic tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "tooth tissue" RELATED []
xref: UMLS:C1519551
xref: VSAO:0000063
xref: XAO:0004046
xref: ZFA:0005623
xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004755  ! skeletal tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001763 ! odontogenic papilla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010364 ! dermal skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0004755  ! skeletal tissue
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0001763 ! odontogenic papilla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010364 ! dermal skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010366
name: conjunctival vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A vasculature that is part of a conjunctiva." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "conjunctival veins" EXACT [FMA:70887]
synonym: "conjunctival veins set" EXACT [FMA:70887]
synonym: "set of conjunctival veins" EXACT [FMA:70887]
synonym: "venae conjunctivales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:70887
is_a: UBERON:0002203  ! vasculature of eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010367
name: conjunctival vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that is part of a conjunctiva." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "conjunctival blood vessel" BROAD []
xref: FMA:70887
xref: SCTID:149885003
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0006763  ! epithelium of conjunctiva
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010366 ! conjunctival vasculature
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010368
name: pulmonary lobule
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:75739
xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Lobule
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0009911  ! lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010369
name: secondary pulmonary lobule
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:7414
is_a: UBERON:0010368  ! pulmonary lobule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008946 ! lung parenchyma

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010370
name: tibial vein
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the veins of the lower leg; empty into the popliteal vein" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/tibial+vein]
synonym: "vena tibialis" EXACT []
xref: MA:0002243
xref: UMLS:C0447138
xref: ncithesaurus:Tibial_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003503  ! leg blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010371
name: ecto-epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium that derives from the ectoderm. Examples: epithelium of acinus of lactiferous duct, subscapular lens epithelium, epithelium of posterior surface of cornea." [FMA:69064]
synonym: "ectoderm-derived epithelium" EXACT []
xref: FMA:69064
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010372
name: uncinate process of ethmoid
namespace: uberon
def: "In the ethmoid bone, a curved lamina, the uncinate process, projects downward and backward from this part of the labyrinth; it forms a small part of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus, and articulates with the ethmoidal process of the inferior nasal concha." [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone]
synonym: "processus uncinatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone]
synonym: "processus uncinatus ossis ethmoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone]
synonym: "uncinate process" BROAD INCONSISTENT [SCTID:306373001]
synonym: "uncinate process of the ethmoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone]
synonym: "uncinate process of the ethmoid bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone]
xref: FMA:57455
xref: SCTID:306373001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Processus_uncinatus_ossis_ethmoidalis.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010373  ! uncinate process of pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010373
name: uncinate process of pancreas
namespace: uberon
def: "In the head of the pancreas, the angle of junction of the lower and left lateral borders forms a prolongation, termed the uncinate process. During the embryonic development of the distal foregut, the duodenum c-shape is formed while rotating the ventral pancreatic bud into the dorsal bud. The dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds fuse. The dorsal pancreatic bud becomes the body, tail, and isthmus of the pancreas and the ventral pancreatic bud forms the pancreatic head and uncinate process[WP]" [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_pancreas]
synonym: "Winslow's pancreas" EXACT [FMA:15857]
synonym: "lesser pancreas" EXACT [FMA:15857]
synonym: "processus uncinatus (pancreas)" EXACT [FMA:15857]
synonym: "processus uncinatus pancreatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_pancreas]
xref: EMAPA:18823
xref: FMA:15857
xref: SCTID:245383008
xref: UMLS:C0227580
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg
xref: ncithesaurus:Uncinate_Pancreas
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003924 ! ventral pancreatic bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001069 ! head of pancreas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010375
name: pancreas dorsal primordium
namespace: uberon
comment: Consider merging with dorsal pancreatic bud. Starts at CS12 in human (EHDAA2, embryology.ch 'bud anlagen')
synonym: "dorsal pancreas" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:79793]
xref: EHDAA2:0001384
xref: FMA:79793
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003921 ! pancreas primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010376
name: pancreas ventral primordium
namespace: uberon
comment: Starts at CS14 in human (EHDAA2) or CS13-14 (embryology.ch 'bud anlagen')
synonym: "ventral pancreas" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:79794]
xref: EHDAA2:0001387
xref: FMA:79794
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003921 ! pancreas primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010377
name: mesenchyme from somatopleure
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a somatopleure." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: the way this class is defined also includes extraembryonic mesenchyme such as the amniotic mesenchyme; in future this may be restricted to embryonic derivatives
xref: EHDAA2:0001120
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004874 ! somatopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009142 ! entire mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0004874 ! somatopleure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010378
name: mesenchyme from splanchnopleure
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that develops_from a splanchnopleure." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001122
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004873 ! splanchnopleure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009142 ! entire mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0004873 ! splanchnopleure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010379
name: superior tarsal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior tarsal muscle is a smooth muscle adjoining the levator palpebrae superioris muscle that helps to raise the upper eyelid." [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle]
comment: Editors note: declaring this to be both smooth muscle and part of the LPS leads to a disjointness violation (smooth muscle and striated muscle)
synonym: "MC<ller's muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle]
synonym: "Mueller's muscle" EXACT [FMA:49058]
synonym: "Muller's muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle]
synonym: "mueller muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle]
synonym: "musculus tarsalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle]
synonym: "the superior tarsal muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle]
xref: FMA:49058
xref: SCTID:244775007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Gray894.png
is_a: UBERON:0003386  ! smooth muscle of eye
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001604 ! levator palpebrae superioris
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001604 ! levator palpebrae superioris
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010380
name: enteric nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a enteric nervous system." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0001145
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010384
name: lumen of laryngopharynx
namespace: uberon
synonym: "laryngopharynx lumen" EXACT [FMA:55096]
xref: FMA:55096
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001731 ! cavity of pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010386
name: peyer's patch follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphoid follicle that is part of a Peyer's patch." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000732
is_a: UBERON:0000444  ! lymphoid follicle
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch
intersection_of: UBERON:0000444  ! lymphoid follicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010387
name: Peyer's patch T cell area
namespace: uberon
def: "the Peyer's patch area normally occupied by T lymphocytes" [MP:0002392]
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010393  ! T cell domain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch
intersection_of: UBERON:0010393  ! T cell domain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010388
name: proximal segment of rib
namespace: uberon
def: "The segment of the rib that connects to a vertebra[MP]. a small part of the rib composed of the head, neck, tuberculum and a short proximal part of the body[PMID]" [MP:0000152, PMID:15906248]
comment: The proximal rib derives from the caudal half of somite[PMID:15906248]
synonym: "costal part of rib" RELATED []
synonym: "proximal part of rib" EXACT [PMID:15906248]
synonym: "proximal rib" EXACT [MA:0001400]
synonym: "vertebral part of rib" RELATED []
xref: MA:0001400
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010389
name: pterygoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "a bone which corresponds to the inner plate of the pterygoid process of the human skull, but which, in all vertebrates below mammals, is not connected with the posterior nares, but serves to connect the palatine bones with the point of suspension of the lower jaw" [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definitions/Pterygoid+bone]
comment: Sources vary as to whether the pterygoid corresponds to the pterygoid processes in general, or the latter/inner plate.
synonym: "inner plate of pterygoid process" RELATED [MA:0001471]
synonym: "lamina lateralis (processus pterygoideus)" EXACT [FMA:54687, MP:0004452]
synonym: "lamina lateralis processi pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, MP:0004452]
synonym: "lateral lamina of pterygoid process" EXACT [FMA:54687, MP:0004452]
synonym: "lateral plate of pterygoid process" EXACT [FMA:54687, MP:0004452]
synonym: "lateral plate of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:54687, MP:0004452]
synonym: "lateral pterygoid plate" EXACT []
synonym: "pterygoid" RELATED [AAO:0000521]
xref: AAO:0000521
xref: FMA:54687
xref: MA:0001471
xref: SCTID:415639001
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
is_a: UBERON:0012071  ! palate bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003108 ! suspensorium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004649 ! sphenoid bone pterygoid process
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium
property_value: external_definition "In tetrapods, the pterygoid is a complex, but relatively stable, paired palatal bone with a number of parts.  For the following discussion, it may be best to refer to the images of tetrapod palates at, for example Ornithosuchus, Therapsida, or Palatines.  In many tetrapods, it is the largest palatal bone and serves as the main structural support.  Most typically, the pterygoids meet extensively on the mid-line of the palate and jointly send a process, the palatal ramus, anteriorly, which may cover the parasphenoid more or less completely.  Sometimes this term is used to include the main body of the pterygoid as well.  More variably, there are one or two anterolateral processes which go by various names, such as ectopterygoid ramus.   In many amniotes, the pterygoid develops a strong  transverse process or transverse flange which forms a bar running laterally across the palate. The pterygoid also articulates with (where present) the dorsoventral supports for the palate: the epipterygoid (dorsal) and the basipterygoid process of the braincase.  Finally, the pterygoid sends a long, robust quadrate ramus with complex curvature down (posteroventrally) to grasp the quadrate and support the jaw articulation. Basally, in fishes, the terminology tends to be a little different.  Refer to the image of the Frasnian actinistian Diplocercides.  The pterygoid bone of tetrapods is, roughly speaking, derived from the middle, entopterygoid (see also entry at entopterygoid for alternative definitions)  portion of the palatoquadrate complex.  The entopterygoid is not actually a part of the palatoquadrate.  It is a dermal bone which has replaced the middle section of the primitively continuous endochondral bone of the palatoquadrate, the original upper jaw.  In tetrapods, the pterygoid advances further, and also replaces the central part of the posterior, pterygoquadrate unit.  This becomes the quadrate ramus.  The upper part of this unit, the portion involved in the dorsal and basipterygoid articulations between jaw and braincase, is referred to as the metapterygoid.  In tetrapods, most of this region is incorporated into the pterygoid as well, with the exception of the ascending process of the palatoquadrate, which becomes the epipterygoid. Since the anterior braincase articulation is lost in tetrapods, the only remaining sections of the palatoquadrate are the epipterygoid and the quadrate (or, in mammals, the incus).  Everything else is either lost or is replaced by the pterygoid[Palaeos]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "In tetrapods, the pterygoid is a complex, but relatively stable, paired palatal bone with a number of parts. In many tetrapods, it is the largest palatal bone and serves as the main structural support.  Most typically, the pterygoids meet extensively on the mid-line of the palate and jointly send a process, the palatal ramus, anteriorly, which may cover the parasphenoid more or less completely.  Sometimes this term is used to include the main body of the pterygoid as well.  More variably, there are one or two anterolateral processes which go by various names, such as ectopterygoid ramus.   In many amniotes, the pterygoid develops a strong  transverse process or transverse flange which forms a bar running laterally across the palate. The pterygoid also articulates with (where present) the dorsoventral supports for the palate: the epipterygoid (dorsal) and the basipterygoid process of the braincase.  Finally, the pterygoid sends a long, robust quadrate ramus with complex curvature down (posteroventrally) to grasp the quadrate and support the jaw articulation. The pterygoid bone of tetrapods is, roughly speaking, derived from the middle entopterygoid portion of the palatoquadrate complex of fishes. The entopterygoid is not actually a part of the palatoquadrate.  It is a dermal bone which has replaced the middle section of the primitively continuous endochondral bone of the palatoquadrate, the original upper jaw.  In tetrapods, the pterygoid advances further, and also replaces the central part of the posterior, pterygoquadrate unit.  This becomes the quadrate ramus.  The upper part of this unit, the portion involved in the dorsal and basipterygoid articulations between jaw and braincase, is referred to as the metapterygoid.  In tetrapods, most of this region is incorporated into the pterygoid as well, with the exception of the ascending process of the palatoquadrate, which becomes the epipterygoid." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Palatal bones of intramembranous origin that lie anterior to the otic capsules, lateral to the orbits, and medial to the maxillae.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010390
name: lumen of urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ cavity that is part of a urethra." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethral lumen" EXACT [FMA:19709]
xref: FMA:19709
xref: SCTID:279432008
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010391
name: parametrium
namespace: uberon
def: "In women, the supravaginal portion of the cervix is separated in front from the bladder by fibrous tissue, the parametrium, which extends also on to its sides and laterally between the layers of the broad ligaments. The uterine artery and ovarian ligament are located in the parametrium. Inflammation causes Parametritis." [Wikipedia:Parametrium]
comment: subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament[MP] - todo - check relationships
xref: FMA:77061
xref: SCTID:280455005
xref: UMLS:C0227822
xref: ncithesaurus:Parametrium
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010392
name: B cell domain
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check
is_a: UBERON:0010394  ! lymphocyte domain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010393
name: T cell domain
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check
is_a: UBERON:0010394  ! lymphocyte domain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010394
name: lymphocyte domain
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - check
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010395
name: lymph node primary follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "An unstimulated network of follicular dendritic cells and small resting B cells in the lymph node cortex." [MP:0002345, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/6]
synonym: "primary follicle of lymph node" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000743
is_a: UBERON:0010422  ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010748  ! lymph node follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
intersection_of: UBERON:0010422  ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010396
name: afferent lymphatic vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "Lymphatic vessel that enters the lymph node. The afferent lymph vessels enter at all parts of the periphery of the lymph node, and after branching and forming a dense plexus in the substance of the capsule, open into the lymph sinuses of the cortical part. In doing this they lose all their coats except their endothelial lining, which is continuous with a layer of similar cells lining the lymph paths" [MP:MP]
synonym: "vasa afferentia lymphoglandula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Afferent_lymphatic_vessels]
synonym: "vasa afferentia lymphoglandulae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Afferent_lymphatic_vessels]
xref: MA:0000748
xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Illu_lymph_node_structure.png
is_a: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010397
name: efferent lymphatic vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "Lymphatic vessel that exits the lymph node. The efferent lymphatic vessel commences from the lymph sinuses of the medullary portion of the lymph nodes and leave the lymph nodes either to veins or greater nodes. Efferent lymphatic vessels are also found in the thymus and spleen. This is in contrast to afferent lymphatic vessels, which are found only in lymph nodes." [MP:MP]
synonym: "efferent lymphatic vessel" RELATED [Wikipedia:Efferent_lymph_vessel]
synonym: "efferent lymphatic vessels" RELATED [Wikipedia:Efferent_lymph_vessel]
xref: MA:0000749
is_a: UBERON:0001473  ! lymphatic vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010398
name: spleen marginal sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "the border region surrounding the spleen B cell follicles and the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) that separates it from the marginal zone that mediates lymphocyte entry into the white pulp from the blood" [MP:MP]
comment: Note that there is no consensus in the literature about which compartments constitute the white pulp or the ramifications of the microvasculature. In addition, notable differences exist between humans and rodents. In this ontology, the marginal sinus (which may not exist in human) has been included as part of the white pulp. The perifollicular zone, which is present in human and not rodents, may be the functional equivalent of the marginal sinus in rodents.[MP:0002363]
synonym: "splenic marginal sinus" EXACT [MP:0002363]
xref: MA:0000754
xref: UMLS:C1710157
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Marginal_Sinus
is_a: UBERON:0001959  ! white pulp of spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010399
name: spleen trabecular artery
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the branches of the splenic artery[MP]" [MP:0002354, Wikipedia:Trabecular_arteries]
synonym: "trabecular artery" RELATED []
xref: MA:0000759
xref: UMLS:C1710159
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Trabecular_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003497  ! abdomen blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001194 ! splenic artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001265 ! trabecula of spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001265 ! trabecula of spleen
property_value: external_definition "When the splenic artery passes into the trabecula of the spleen and branches, they become known as the trabecular arteries. When these arteries then reach the white pulp, and become covered with Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths, the name changes again to central arteries (or central arterioles). Branches of the central arteries are given to the red pulp, and these are called penicillar arteries).[Wikipedia]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010400
name: spleen trabecular vein
namespace: uberon
def: "one of the veins that feed the splenic vein" [MP:0002228, Wikipedia:Trabecular_veins]
synonym: "trabecular vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_veins]
xref: MA:0000760
xref: UMLS:C1710160
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Trabecular_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0013126  ! vein of abdomen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001265 ! trabecula of spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001265 ! trabecula of spleen
property_value: external_definition "The trabecular veins are the largest veins inside the spleen. It drains the blood collected in the sinuses of the pulp.[Wikipedia]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010401
name: spleen central arteriole
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel surrounded by the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath that connects the trabecular artery to the trabecular vein" [MP:MP]
synonym: "central arteriole" BROAD []
synonym: "follicular arteriole" EXACT [MP:0002361]
synonym: "splenic central arteriole" EXACT [MP:0002361]
xref: MA:0000763
xref: SCTID:282511007
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001980  ! arteriole
is_a: UBERON:0003497  ! abdomen blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0010399 ! spleen trabecular artery
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0010400 ! spleen trabecular vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010402
name: epidermis suprabasal layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "suprabasal cell layer of skin" EXACT []
synonym: "suprabasal layer" BROAD [MP:0001233]
synonym: "suprabasal layer of epidermis" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000808
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002025 ! stratum basale of epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010404
name: lateral ventricle subependymal layer
namespace: uberon
def: "A cell layer below the ependyma in the lateral ventricles of the brain. This region contains adult neural stem cells which have the potential to generate new neurons and glial cells via neurogenesis. It is an adult version of the embryonic forebrain germinal zone" [Wikipedia:Subependymal_zone]
xref: MA:0000965
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004922 ! postnatal subventricular zone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010405
name: spinal cord lateral motor column
namespace: uberon
def: "Column of motor neurons which innervate muscles in the limb; motor neurons in the lateral motor column are further organized into pools, each of which innervates a specific muscle in the limb" [MP:MP]
xref: MA:0001129
is_a: UBERON:0001948  ! regional part of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010406
name: cholinergic enteric nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "nerve fibers that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter to the intestinal system" [MP:0001049]
xref: MA:0001146
is_a: UBERON:0010380  ! enteric nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010408
name: ocular angle artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The angular artery is the terminal part of the facial artery; it ascends to the medial angle of the eye's orbit, imbedded in the fibers of the angular head of the Quadratus labii superioris, and accompanied by the angular vein." [MP:MP]
synonym: "angular artery" EXACT [FMA:49583]
xref: FMA:49583
xref: MA:0002010
xref: SCTID:145238006
xref: UMLS:C0226116
xref: ncithesaurus:Angular_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003496  ! head blood vessel
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001612 ! facial artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010409
name: eye surface
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002486
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010410
name: inguinal fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "encapsulated adipose tissue found in the groin" [MGI:csmith]
xref: MA:0002548
is_a: UBERON:0003838  ! abdominal segment connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008337 ! inguinal part of abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008337 ! inguinal part of abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010411
name: retroperitoneal fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "encapsulated adipose tissue found on the dorsal side of the peritoneum" [MGI:csmith]
xref: MA:0002549
is_a: UBERON:0003427  ! abdominal fat pad
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: located_in UBERON:0003693 ! retroperitoneal space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum
intersection_of: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010412
name: epididymal fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis" [MGI:csmith, MGI:rbabiuk]
synonym: "periepididymal fat pad" EXACT [MP:0009288]
xref: MA:0002550
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis
intersection_of: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010413
name: parametrial fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the extension of the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament" [MGI:csmith]
synonym: "parametrial fat depot" EXACT [MP:0009301]
xref: MA:0002953
is_a: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010391 ! parametrium
intersection_of: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010391 ! parametrium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010414
name: omental fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the fold of peritoneal tissue that extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon" [MP:MP]
synonym: "omental fat depot" EXACT [MP:0010044]
xref: MA:0002956
is_a: UBERON:0010411  ! retroperitoneal fat pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003688 ! omentum
intersection_of: UBERON:0003427  ! abdominal fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003688 ! omentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010416
name: lymph node B cell domain
namespace: uberon
def: "A part of the lymph node cortex in which B lymphocytes home to primary follicles to survey follicular dendritic cells (FDCs); antigen stimulated B cells proliferate and differentiate within the follicles forming distinctive germinal centers" [MP:MP]
synonym: "lymph node B cell dependent cortex" EXACT [MP:0002344]
synonym: "lymph node B-cell domain" EXACT [MP:0002344]
synonym: "nodular lymph node cortex" EXACT [MP:0002344]
xref: MA:0002851
is_a: UBERON:0010392  ! B cell domain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002006 ! cortex of lymph node
intersection_of: UBERON:0010392  ! B cell domain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010417
name: lymph node T cell domain
namespace: uberon
def: "The paracortex and interfollicular cortex of the lymph node in which T lymphocytes home to survey dendritic cells" [MP:0002347]
synonym: "T cell zone of lymph node" EXACT []
synonym: "T zone of lymph node" EXACT []
synonym: "lymph node T cell dependent paracortex" EXACT [MP:0002347]
synonym: "lymph node T zone" EXACT []
synonym: "lymph node T-cell domain" EXACT [MP:0002347]
synonym: "lymph node deep cortex" EXACT [MP:0002347]
xref: MA:0002852
xref: SCTID:326870003
is_a: UBERON:0010393  ! T cell domain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002006 ! cortex of lymph node
intersection_of: UBERON:0010393  ! T cell domain
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010418
name: urethral opening
namespace: uberon
def: "An orifice that is part of a lower urinary tract." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "urethral orifice" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002867
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010420
name: lymph node follicular corona
namespace: uberon
def: "A part of the secondary follicle in which naive B cells reside along with some helper T cells, macrophages and follicular dendritic cells; these are displaced by the expanding germinal centre and form a 'mantle' around it" [MP:MP, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/7]
synonym: "lymph node B cell corona" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "lymph node dark zone" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "lymph node follicular mantle" EXACT [MA:0002990]
synonym: "lymph node inactive zone" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "lymph node peripheral zone" EXACT [CL:tm]
xref: MA:0002990
is_a: UBERON:0010755  ! secondary follicle corona
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010753 ! lymph node secondary follicle
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0009039 ! lymph node germinal center
intersection_of: UBERON:0010755  ! secondary follicle corona
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010421
name: spleen B cell corona
namespace: uberon
def: "the area of the (spleen) secondary B follicle that surrounds the germinal center and harbors the small recirculating B lymphocytes" [CL:tm, PMID:17495967, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/6]
synonym: "B cell domain of the spleen" BROAD [MP:0002360]
synonym: "B lymphocyte domain of the spleen" BROAD []
synonym: "follicle mantle" EXACT [MP:0002360]
synonym: "lymphocytic corona" BROAD [CL:tm, MP:0002360]
synonym: "spleen B cell corona" EXACT [MP:0002360]
synonym: "spleen B-cell corona" EXACT [MP:0002360]
synonym: "spleen lymphocytic corona" EXACT [CL:tm, MP:0002360]
synonym: "spleen mantle zone" RELATED [CL:tm, MP:0002360]
synonym: "splenic B cell corona" EXACT [MP:0002360]
synonym: "splenic corona" BROAD [CL:tm]
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010755  ! secondary follicle corona
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004042 ! spleen secondary B follicle
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0005196 ! spleen germinal center
intersection_of: UBERON:0010755  ! secondary follicle corona
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010422
name: primary nodular lymphoid tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphoid follicle containing naive B cells" [CL:tm]
comment: Location notes: The cortex of lymph nodes, the white pulp of spleen, and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue all have these primary follicles
synonym: "primary follicle" RELATED []
synonym: "primary lymphoid follicle" EXACT []
synonym: "primary lymphoid nodule" EXACT [FMA:55223]
xref: FMA:55223
is_a: UBERON:0000444  ! lymphoid follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010423
name: primary lymphoid nodule of tonsil
namespace: uberon
def: "A primary nodular lymphoid tissue that is part of a tonsil." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lymphoid nodule of tonsil" RELATED [FMA:86018]
xref: FMA:86018
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010422  ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil
intersection_of: UBERON:0010422  ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010424
name: distal segment of rib
namespace: uberon
comment: The distal rib derives from both somite halves[PMID:15906248]
synonym: "distal part of rib" EXACT [PMID:15906248]
synonym: "distal rib" EXACT [MA:0001397]
synonym: "sternal rib" NARROW []
synonym: "vertical segment of rib" NARROW []
xref: MA:0001397
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
is_a: UBERON:0005181  ! thoracic segment organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010425
name: internal naris
namespace: uberon
synonym: "choana" EXACT []
synonym: "internal nostril" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000003  ! naris
property_value: has_relational_adjective "choanal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010426
name: oropharyngeal choana
namespace: uberon
def: "opening/conduit between the nasal cavity and the oropharynx via the roof of the mouth." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Taxon notes: Aves. Function notes: has function in pressure equalization in birds that fly to high altitudes
synonym: "apertura nasalis interna" RELATED [AAO:0000025]
synonym: "choana of oropharynx" EXACT []
synonym: "cleft palate" RELATED []
synonym: "oropharyngeal naris" EXACT []
synonym: "palatal choana" EXACT []
synonym: "palatal cleft" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000025
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010425  ! internal naris
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass nasal opening (AAO:0000316)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Hole on the nasal capsule that connects the nasal and buccal cavites.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010427
name: ciliary processes
namespace: uberon
def: "The ciliary processes are formed by the inward folding of the various layers of the choroid, i.e. , the choroid proper and the lamina basalis, and are received between corresponding foldings of the suspensory ligament of the lens." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_processes]
synonym: "ciliary process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ciliary_processes]
synonym: "ciliary processes" EXACT [FMA:76551]
synonym: "ciliary processes set" EXACT [FMA:76551]
synonym: "processus ciliares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Ciliary_processes]
synonym: "set of ciliary processes" EXACT [FMA:76551]
xref: FMA:76551
xref: SCTID:280860001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Gray875.png
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010428
name: flat bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Flat bones are those bones which are found where the principal requirement is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment, the bones are expanded into broad, flat plates, as in the cranium, the ilium, sternum, rib cage, the sacrum and the scapula. These bones are composed of two thin layers of compact tissue enclosing between them a variable quantity of cancellous tissue, which is the location of red bone marrow. In an adult, most red blood cells are formed in flat bones. In the cranial bones, the layers of compact tissue are familiarly known as the tables of the skull; the outer one is thick and tough; the inner is thin, dense, and brittle, and hence is termed the vitreous table. The intervening cancellous tissue is called the diploC+, and this, in certain regions of the skull, becomes absorbed so as to leave spaces filled with air (air-sinuses) between the two tables. The flat bones are: the occipital, parietal, frontal, nasal, lacrimal, vomer, scapula, os coxC&, sternum, and ribs." [Wikipedia:Flat_bone]
synonym: "os planum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flat_bone]
xref: FMA:7476
xref: SCTID:332907008
xref: UMLS:C0222649
xref: galen:FlatBone
xref: ncithesaurus:Flat_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010437
name: zygomaticus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "One of: zygomaticus major, zygomaticus minor" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: origin: posterior braincase
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "m. levator nasii" RELATED []
synonym: "m. zygomaticus" EXACT []
synonym: "zygomaticus" EXACT [MA:0002404]
xref: MA:0002404
xref: UMLS:C1710708
xref: ncithesaurus:Zygomaticus
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001683 ! jugal bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010467
name: teres muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "teres" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:277440006
xref: UMLS:C1515272
xref: ncithesaurus:Teres_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001482  ! muscle of shoulder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010496
name: teres minor muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a narrow, elongated muscle of the rotator cuff" [Wikipedia:Teres_minor_muscle]
synonym: "musculus teres minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Teres_minor_muscle]
synonym: "teres minor" EXACT [FMA:32550]
xref: FMA:32550
xref: SCTID:277445001
xref: UMLS:C0224231
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Gray810.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Teres_Minor_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0010467  ! teres muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007173 ! lateral border of scapula
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001493 ! axillary nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003683 ! rotator cuff

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010498
name: pseudostratified columnar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A simple columnar epithelium that looks stratified but is not, because its cells are arranged with their nuclei at different levels." [Wikipedia:Pseudostratified_columnar_epithelium, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pseudostratified+epithelium]
comment: AO notes: glandular in NCIT; we consider the two NCIT terms synonymous. Function notes: Pseudostratified epithelia function in secretion or absorption. If a specimen looks stratified but has cilia, then it is a pseudostratified ciliated epithelium, since stratified epithelia do not have cilia.
xref: FMA:45572
xref: UMLS:C0836138
xref: UMLS:C1514590
xref: ncithesaurus:Pseudostratified_Columnar_Epithelium
xref: ncithesaurus:Pseudostratified_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000485  ! simple columnar epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010499
name: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium composed of a single layer of cells, appearing as layered because the column-shaped cells vary in height so the nuclei are at different levels. The basal portions of all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane. It lines the respiratory system and the male reproductive tract. The cilia in the respiratory tract are motile, while the stereocilia in the male reproductive tract are immobile." [NCIT:NCIT]
synonym: "epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum (trachea et bronchi)" EXACT [FMA:13146]
xref: FMA:13146
xref: UMLS:C0506992
xref: ncithesaurus:Pseudostratified_Columnar_Ciliated_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0007592  ! ciliated columnar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010498  ! pseudostratified columnar epithelium
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010501  ! pseudostratified smooth columnar epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010501
name: pseudostratified smooth columnar epithelium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelia" RELATED []
xref: FMA:72059
is_a: UBERON:0010498  ! pseudostratified columnar epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010504
name: obsolete round ligament
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0006588  ! round ligament of liver
consider: UBERON:0006589  ! round ligament of uterus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010505
name: periosteal dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "The outermost of the two layers of the cranial dura mater which normally always adheres to the periosteum of the bones of the cranial vault" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "outer layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231547]
synonym: "outer periosteal layer of dura mater" EXACT []
synonym: "periosteal dura" EXACT [FMA:231547]
synonym: "periosteal layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231547]
xref: FMA:231547
xref: UMLS:C1518991
xref: ncithesaurus:Periosteal_Layer_of_the_Dura_Mater
is_a: UBERON:0010507  ! layer of dura mater
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002515 ! periosteum
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003129 ! skull
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002092 ! brain dura mater
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0010506

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010506
name: meningeal dura mater
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors note: not clear whether this should be classified as part of cranial dura mater, as the division only makes sense in this area
synonym: "inner layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231549]
synonym: "meningeal dura" EXACT [FMA:231549]
synonym: "meningeal layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231549]
xref: FMA:231549
xref: UMLS:C1513121
xref: ncithesaurus:Meningeal_Layer_of_the_Dura_Mater
is_a: UBERON:0010507  ! layer of dura mater

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010507
name: layer of dura mater
namespace: uberon
def: "The intracranial dura mater, consisting of two layers: the outer periosteal layer which normally always adheres to the periosteum of the bones of the cranial vault; and the inner meningeal layer which in most places is fused with the outer. The two layers separate to accommodate meningeal vessels and large venous (dural) sinuses. The meningeal layer is also involved in the formation of the various dural folds, such as the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli and is comparable to and continuous with the dural mater of the spinal cord. The cranial epidural space is then a potential space between the bone and the combined periosteum/periosteal layer of the dura mater realised only pathologically and is neither continuous with or comparable to the vertebral epidural space" [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?periosteal+layer+of+dura+mater]
comment: Editors note: not clear whether this should be classified as part of cranial dura mater, as the division only makes sense in this area
xref: FMA:231545
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010515
name: brille
namespace: uberon
def: "layer of transparent, immovable disc-shaped skin or scale covering the eyes of some animals for protection, especially in animals without eyelids. The brille has evolved from a fusion of the upper and lower eyelids." [Wikipedia:Brille]
comment: Taxon notes: In snakes, there is no eyelid and the brille is clear and cannot be distinguished except when the animal is becoming ready for ecdysis. At that time, it becomes cloudy and is visible as a cover over the eye. When the snake moults, the brille is also shed as part of its skin. The Brilles protect their eyes from dust and dirt and gives them a \"glassy-eyed\" blank appearance Snakes, flap-footed lizards, night lizards, and some skinks have brilles. All geckos except those in the subfamily Eublepharinae (eyelid geckos) possess brilles. Fish also have transparent eyelids called adipose eyelids.
synonym: "eye cap" RELATED []
synonym: "ocular scale" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:1000021  ! skin of face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010516
name: clasper
namespace: uberon
def: "a male anatomical structure found some groups of animals, used in mating. Male cartilaginous fish have claspers formed from the posterior portion of their pelvic fin which serve as intromittent organs used to channel semen into the female's cloaca during mating. The act of mating in some fish including sharks usually includes one of the claspers raised to allow water into the siphon through a specific orifice. The clasper is then inserted into the vagina, where it opens like an umbrella to anchor its position. The siphon then begins to contract expelling water and sperm. Male chimaeras have cephalic claspers on their heads, which are thought to aid in holding the female during mating" [Wikipedia:clasper]
comment: Taxon notes: the term is also used for insect claspers, but we reserve it for the elasmobranchii structure
is_a: UBERON:0008811  ! intromittent organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010518
name: pelvic fin clasper
namespace: uberon
def: "The rod-like extension of the medial portion of the pelvic fin in male Elasmobranchii and Holocephali. Claspers are used as intromittent organs (not in clasping), the grooves on their facing surfaces together forming a tube for the transmission of sperm when the claspers are held together. The anterior proximal opening is called the apopyle, the posterior distal opening the rhipidion" [http://fishbase.org/Glossary/Glossary.php?q=clasper]
synonym: "clapser" RELATED []
synonym: "myxopterygium" EXACT [http://fishbase.org/Glossary/Glossary.php?q=clasper]
is_a: UBERON:0010516  ! clasper
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0010516  ! clasper
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010521
name: electroreceptor organ
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010522
name: replacement element
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal element that forms as a replacement or substitution of another element or tissue." [VSAO:0000135]
xref: VSAO:0000135
xref: XAO:0004016
xref: ZFA:0005624
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010362 ! endoskeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010523
name: microcirculatory vessel
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of tissue that consists of a tube composed of epithelial cells that connects larger vessels." [ZFA:0005251]
synonym: "microcirculatory vessels" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0005251]
xref: TAO:0005251
xref: ZFA:0005251
is_a: UBERON:0000055  ! vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010524
name: fibularis tertius
namespace: uberon
def: "The peroneus tertius (also known as fibularis tertius) is a muscle of the human body located in the lower limb. The muscle arises from the lower third of the anterior surface of the fibula; from the lower part of the interosseous membrane; and from an intermuscular septum between it and the peroneus brevis. The tendon, after passing under the superior extensor retinaculum of foot and inferior extensor retinaculum of foot in the same canal as the extensor digitorum longus, is inserted into the dorsal surface of the base of the metatarsal bone of the 5th digit. It is innervated by the deep fibular nerve. Its action is that of weak dorsiflexion of the ankle joint and to evert the foot at the ankle joint." [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius_muscle]
synonym: "fibularis tertius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius]
synonym: "fibularis tertius muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius]
synonym: "musculus peroneus tertius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "peronaeus tertius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius]
synonym: "peroneus tertius" EXACT [FMA:22538, Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius]
synonym: "peroneus tertius muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius]
xref: FMA:22538
xref: SCTID:181701000
is_a: UBERON:0009132  ! peroneus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010526
name: fibularis brevis
namespace: uberon
def: "The peroneus brevis muscle (or fibularis brevis) lies under cover of the peroneus longus, and is a shorter and smaller muscle." [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis]
synonym: "fibularis brevis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis]
synonym: "musculus peroneus brevis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "peronaeus brevis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis]
synonym: "peroneus brevis" EXACT [FMA:22540]
synonym: "peroneus brevis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis]
synonym: "peronius brevis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis]
xref: FMA:22540
xref: SCTID:181704008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray357.png
is_a: UBERON:0009132  ! peroneus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 ! fibula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010527
name: cavity of bone organ
namespace: uberon
def: "An organ cavity that surrounded_by a bone." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bone organ cavity" EXACT [FMA:24021]
xref: FMA:24021
is_a: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element
intersection_of: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010528
name: pneumatic cavity of bone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "air space of bone" EXACT [FMA:24028]
xref: FMA:24028
is_a: UBERON:0010527  ! cavity of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008193 ! pneumatized bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010531
name: metanephros induced blastemal cells
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/turinary/urinhaute03.html]
comment: AO notes: different versions of EMAPA have different labels for the same classes. In vHOG this is part of metanephros cortex but this leads to a cycle in basic.
synonym: "cap mesenchyme of metanephros of urinary system" RELATED [EMAPA:17645]
synonym: "induced blastemal cells" EXACT [VHOG:0001241]
synonym: "nephrogenic interstitium" RELATED []
synonym: "nephrogenic interstitium of nephrogenic zone" EXACT [EMAPA:17953]
synonym: "peripheral blastema" RELATED [EMAPA:17953]
xref: EHDAA2:0001143
xref: EHDAA:7007
xref: EHDAA:8105
xref: EMAPA:17645
xref: EMAPA:17953
xref: VHOG:0001241
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme
relationship: induced_by UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009871 ! nephrogenic zone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010532
name: primitive nephron
namespace: uberon
synonym: "developing nephron" BROAD []
synonym: "primitive nephron" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0001285  ! nephron
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0004819  ! kidney epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006555  ! excretory tube
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004209 ! renal vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003918 ! kidney mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010533
name: metanephros cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The metanephric cortex is the outer region of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072214]
xref: VHOG:0000714
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001225  ! cortex of kidney
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005113 ! metanephric cortex mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0001225  ! cortex of kidney
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010534
name: primitive mesonephric nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "Cluster of cells comprising a portion of tissue which gives rise to new mesonephric nephrons.  The cluster contains self-renewing stem cells." [ZFA:0005587]
synonym: "developing mesonephric nephron" EXACT [ZFA:0005584]
synonym: "primitive mesonephric nephron" EXACT []
xref: ZFA:0005584
is_a: UBERON:0000083  ! mesonephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005322  ! mesonephric nephron
is_a: UBERON:0010532  ! primitive nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0010532  ! primitive nephron
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010535
name: primitive metanephric nephron
namespace: uberon
def: "A primitive nephron that is part of a metanephros." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "developing metanephric nephron" EXACT []
synonym: "primitive metanephric nephron" EXACT []
synonym: "primitive nephron" BROAD [EHDAA2:0001516]
xref: EHDAA2:0001516
is_a: UBERON:0005106  ! metanephric tubule
is_a: UBERON:0005110  ! metanephric nephron
is_a: UBERON:0010532  ! primitive nephron
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005113 ! metanephric cortex mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010532  ! primitive nephron
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010536
name: nephron progenitor
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003918 ! kidney mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010537
name: mesonephric nephron progenitor
namespace: uberon
def: "Cluster of cells comprising a portion of tissue which gives rise to new mesonephric nephrons.  The cluster contains self-renewing stem cells." [ZFA:0005587]
xref: ZFA:0005587
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0010536  ! nephron progenitor
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros
intersection_of: UBERON:0010536  ! nephron progenitor
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010538
name: limb/fin segment
namespace: uberon
def: "An appendage segment that is part of a limb/fin." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010758  ! appendage segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0010758  ! appendage segment
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
disjoint_from: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010540
name: tarsus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a tarsal bone." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001978
is_a: UBERON:0003328  ! mesenchyme of footplate
is_a: UBERON:0010695  ! mesenchyme of tarsal region
is_a: UBERON:0010886  ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010695 ! mesenchyme of tarsal region
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003328 ! mesenchyme of footplate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010541
name: tarsus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a tarsal bone." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001977
is_a: UBERON:0003328  ! mesenchyme of footplate
is_a: UBERON:0010695  ! mesenchyme of tarsal region
is_a: UBERON:0010885  ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010540 ! tarsus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003328 ! mesenchyme of footplate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010543
name: acropodial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the autopodium - i.e. the bones of the digits or their cartilaginous precursors[VSAO,modified]." [UBERON:cjm, VSAO:0005028, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "acropodial skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "acropodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005028, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "acropodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "digit skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "digital skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "set of phalanges" EXACT [FMA:231315]
synonym: "skeletal parts of acropodial region" EXACT []
synonym: "skeletal parts of acropodium" RELATED []
synonym: "skeleton of digits" EXACT []
xref: FMA:231315
xref: VSAO:0005028
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010712  ! limb skeleton subdivision
relationship: has_part UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012150 ! skeleton of digitopodium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012354 ! acropodium region
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010546 ! metapodial skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0012354 ! acropodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0012354 ! acropodium region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010544
name: metacarpus skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the manus skeleton that is located between the phalanges (bones of the fingers) distally and the carpus which forms the connection to the forearm. The metacarpus consists of metacarpal bones. The metacarpals form a transverse arch to which the rigid row of distal carpal bones are fixed. The peripheral metacarpals (those of the thumb and little finger) form the sides of the cup of the palmar gutter and as they are brought together they deepen this concavity. The index metacarpal is the most firmly fixed, while the thumb metacarpal articulates with the trapezium and acts independently from the others. The middle metacarpals are tightly united to the carpus by intrinsic interlocking bone elements at their bases. The ring metacarpal forms a transitional element of the semi-independent last metacarpal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metacarpus]
synonym: "anterior metapodial skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior metapodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005026, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "fore metapodial skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "fore metapodium" RELATED [AAO:0000946, MA:th, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/metapodial]
synonym: "metacarpal bones" EXACT [FMA:71336]
synonym: "metacarpal skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpalia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metacarpus]
synonym: "metacarpals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71336]
synonym: "metacarpals set" EXACT [FMA:71336]
synonym: "set of metacarpal bones" EXACT [FMA:71336]
synonym: "set of metacarpals" EXACT [FMA:71336]
synonym: "set of metacarpals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71336]
synonym: "skeleton of metacarpus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000946
xref: FMA:71336
xref: MESH:A02.835.232.087.535
xref: VSAO:0005026
xref: XAO:0003208
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg
is_a: UBERON:0010546  ! metapodial skeleton
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012151 ! skeleton of manual digitopodium
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region
property_value: external_definition "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the metacarpus, which articulates with the carpals at one end and with the phalanges at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010545
name: metatarsus skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Limb segment that consists of the long bones of the pes. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the manus." [Wikipedia:Metatarsus]
synonym: "metatarsal bones set" EXACT [FMA:71340]
synonym: "metatarsal skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsalia" RELATED []
synonym: "metatarsals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71340]
synonym: "ossa metatarsalia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metatarsus]
synonym: "posterior metapodial skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior metapodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005027, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "set of metatarsal bones" EXACT [FMA:71340]
synonym: "set of metatarsals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71340]
synonym: "skeleton of metatarsus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000221
xref: FMA:71340
xref: MESH:A01.378.610.250.300.480
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rva_rBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: VSAO:0005027
xref: XAO:0003212
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png
is_a: UBERON:0010546  ! metapodial skeleton
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012152 ! skeleton of pedal digitopodium
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region
property_value: external_definition "Segment of the leg corresponding to the metatarsus, which articulates with the carpals at one end and with the phalanges at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010546
name: metapodial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton that corresponds to metapodium region, between acropodial skeleton and mesopdoial skeleton." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "metapodial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005025]
synonym: "metapodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005025, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "metapodium skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "skeletal parts of metapodium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "skeleton of metapodium" EXACT []
xref: VSAO:0005025
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010712  ! limb skeleton subdivision
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010543 ! acropodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012150 ! skeleton of digitopodium
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0009878 ! mesopodial skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: distally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone complex located between the mesopodium and the acropodium and consisting of the metacarpals or metatarsals.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010547
name: pedal digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002040]
xref: EHDAA2:0002040
xref: EMAPA:17725
is_a: UBERON:0010580  ! pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010548
name: pedal digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002045]
xref: EHDAA2:0002045
xref: EMAPA:17727
is_a: UBERON:0010581  ! pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010549
name: pedal digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002050]
xref: EHDAA2:0002050
xref: EMAPA:17729
is_a: UBERON:0010582  ! pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010550
name: pedal digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002055]
xref: EHDAA2:0002055
xref: EMAPA:17731
is_a: UBERON:0010583  ! pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010551
name: pedal digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002060]
xref: EHDAA2:0002060
xref: EMAPA:17733
is_a: UBERON:0010584  ! pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010687  ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010557
name: pedal digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18106
is_a: UBERON:0010680  ! pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010547 ! pedal digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010558
name: pedal digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18111
is_a: UBERON:0010681  ! pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010548 ! pedal digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010559
name: pedal digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18116
is_a: UBERON:0010682  ! pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010549 ! pedal digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010560
name: pedal digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18121
is_a: UBERON:0010683  ! pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010550 ! pedal digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010561
name: pedal digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "toe 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18126
is_a: UBERON:0010684  ! pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010551 ! pedal digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010697  ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010562
name: pedal digit 1 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a pedal digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 1 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002039
xref: EMAPA:17462
is_a: UBERON:0005255  ! pedal digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010564
name: manual digit 1 mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a manual digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 1 mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 1 mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000513
xref: EMAPA:17431
is_a: UBERON:0005257  ! manual digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010565
name: manual digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000515]
synonym: "fore limb digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpal 1 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000515
xref: EMAPA:17714
is_a: UBERON:0010575  ! manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010566
name: manual digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000521]
synonym: "fore limb digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpal 2 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000521
xref: EMAPA:17716
is_a: UBERON:0010576  ! manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010567
name: manual digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000527]
synonym: "fore limb digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpal 3 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000527
xref: EMAPA:17718
is_a: UBERON:0010577  ! manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010568
name: manual digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000533]
synonym: "fore limb digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpal 4 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000533
xref: EMAPA:17720
is_a: UBERON:0010578  ! manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010569
name: manual digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000539]
synonym: "fore limb digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpal 5 pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000539
xref: EMAPA:17722
is_a: UBERON:0010579  ! manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010698  ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010570
name: manual digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000514]
synonym: "fore limb digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpus 1 cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000514
xref: EMAPA:18065
is_a: UBERON:0010675  ! manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010565 ! manual digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010571
name: manual digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000520]
synonym: "fore limb digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpus 2 cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000520
xref: EMAPA:18070
is_a: UBERON:0010676  ! manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010566 ! manual digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010572
name: manual digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000526]
synonym: "fore limb digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpus 3 cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000526
xref: EMAPA:18075
is_a: UBERON:0010677  ! manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010567 ! manual digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010573
name: manual digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000532]
synonym: "fore limb digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpus 4 cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000532
xref: EMAPA:18080
is_a: UBERON:0010678  ! manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010568 ! manual digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010574
name: manual digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "finger 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000538]
synonym: "fore limb digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpus 5 cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000538
xref: EMAPA:18085
is_a: UBERON:0010679  ! manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010569 ! manual digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0010699  ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010575
name: manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000516
xref: EMAPA:17715
is_a: UBERON:0010564  ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010586  ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010576
name: manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000522
xref: EMAPA:17717
is_a: UBERON:0005692  ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010586  ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010577
name: manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000528
xref: EMAPA:17719
is_a: UBERON:0005693  ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010586  ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010578
name: manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000534
xref: EMAPA:17721
is_a: UBERON:0005694  ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010586  ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010579
name: manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000540
xref: EMAPA:17723
is_a: UBERON:0005695  ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010586  ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010580
name: pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002041
xref: EMAPA:17726
is_a: UBERON:0010562  ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010585  ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010581
name: pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002046
xref: EMAPA:17728
is_a: UBERON:0005696  ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010585  ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010582
name: pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002051
xref: EMAPA:17730
is_a: UBERON:0005697  ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010585  ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010583
name: pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002056
xref: EMAPA:17732
is_a: UBERON:0005698  ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010585  ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010584
name: pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002061
xref: EMAPA:17734
is_a: UBERON:0005699  ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010585  ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010585
name: pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "foot phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000952]
synonym: "hind limb digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hindlimb phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "pes phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: VHOG:0000952
is_a: UBERON:0005255  ! pedal digit mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010700  ! phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010586
name: manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "forelimb phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "hand digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000954]
synonym: "manus phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: VHOG:0000954
is_a: UBERON:0005257  ! manual digit mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010700  ! phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010675
name: manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18066
is_a: UBERON:0010564  ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010686  ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010575 ! manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010676
name: manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18071
is_a: UBERON:0005692  ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010686  ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010576 ! manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010677
name: manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18076
is_a: UBERON:0005693  ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010686  ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010577 ! manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010678
name: manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18081
is_a: UBERON:0005694  ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010686  ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010578 ! manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010679
name: manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18086
is_a: UBERON:0005695  ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010686  ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010579 ! manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010680
name: pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18107
is_a: UBERON:0010562  ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010685  ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010580 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010681
name: pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18112
is_a: UBERON:0005696  ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010685  ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010581 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010682
name: pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18117
is_a: UBERON:0005697  ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010685  ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010582 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010683
name: pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18122
is_a: UBERON:0005698  ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010685  ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010583 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010684
name: pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EMAPA:18127
is_a: UBERON:0005699  ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010685  ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010584 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010685
name: pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a pedal digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
is_a: UBERON:0005255  ! pedal digit mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010701  ! phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010585 ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010686
name: manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a manual digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit phalanx cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit phalanx cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
is_a: UBERON:0005257  ! manual digit mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010701  ! phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010586 ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010687
name: pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "foot digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metatarsal bone pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000948]
xref: VHOG:0000948
is_a: UBERON:0010585  ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010688
name: skeleton of manual acropodium
namespace: uberon
def: "The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the manual autopodium - i.e. the bones of the hands or their cartilaginous precursors[VSAO,modified]." [UBERON:cjm, VSAO:0005029, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "all phalanges in forelimb autopod" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior acropodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005029, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "anterior acropodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "fore acropodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "hand digit skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "manual digit skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "manual phalanges" EXACT PLURAL [VSAO:0005029, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "phalanges of hand" EXACT [FMA:71337]
synonym: "phalanges of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "set of manual phalanges" EXACT []
synonym: "set of phalanges of hand" EXACT [FMA:71337]
synonym: "set of phalanges of manus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:71337
xref: VSAO:0005029
is_a: UBERON:0010543  ! acropodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012151 ! skeleton of manual digitopodium
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010544 ! metacarpus skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0010543  ! acropodial skeleton
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010690
name: manual digit 1 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fore limb digit 1 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 1 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0000512
xref: EMAPA:17430
is_a: UBERON:0005227  ! manual digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010693
name: pedal digit 1 epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "foot digit 1 epithelium" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit 1 epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
xref: EHDAA2:0002038
xref: EMAPA:17461
is_a: UBERON:0005226  ! pedal digit epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010695
name: mesenchyme of tarsal region
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme of the carpal region that conributes to the tarsal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm]
xref: EMAPA:18500
is_a: UBERON:0003860  ! hindlimb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010696
name: skeleton of pedal acropodium
namespace: uberon
def: "The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the pedal autopodium - i.e. the bones of the foot or their cartilaginous precursors[cjm]." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "all phalanges in hindlimb autopod" EXACT []
synonym: "foot digit skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "hind acropodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "pedal phalanges" EXACT [VSAO:0005030, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "phalanges of foot" EXACT [FMA:78512]
synonym: "phalanges of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior acropodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005030, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "posterior acropodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "set of pedal phalanges" EXACT []
synonym: "set of phalanges of foot" EXACT [FMA:78512]
synonym: "set of phalanges of pes" EXACT []
xref: FMA:78512
xref: VSAO:0005030
is_a: UBERON:0010543  ! acropodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012152 ! skeleton of pedal digitopodium
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010545 ! metatarsus skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0010543  ! acropodial skeleton
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010697
name: pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "foot digit metatarsal cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind limb digit metatarsal cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
is_a: UBERON:0010685  ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010698
name: manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fore limb digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpal bone pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000953]
synonym: "metacarpal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000953]
xref: VHOG:0000953
is_a: UBERON:0010586  ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010699
name: manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "finger metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "fore limb digit metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit metacarpus cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "metacarpal cartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpus cartilage condensation" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0010686  ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010700
name: phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010702  ! digit mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010701
name: phalanx cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a digit mesenchyme." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010702  ! digit mesenchyme
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010700 ! phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010702
name: digit mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a digit." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0009749  ! limb mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010703
name: forelimb zeugopod skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an forelimb zeugopod region." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor notes: adding proxinally_connected_to humerus causes inconsistencies - requires investigation
synonym: "antebrachial skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "antebrachium skeleton" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:ni]
synonym: "anterior zeugopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005011, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "anterior zeugopodium skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005011, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "fore epipodium" RELATED [AAO:0000200]
synonym: "fore epipodium skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "forearm skeleton" EXACT [FMA:71199]
synonym: "forelimb epipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005011, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "forelimb epipodium skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "radius and ulna" RELATED []
synonym: "skeleton of forearm" EXACT [FMA:71199]
synonym: "wing zeugopod skeleton" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000200
xref: FMA:71199
xref: VSAO:0005011
is_a: UBERON:0011584  ! zeugopodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
property_value: external_definition "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the radius and ulna.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010704
name: parenchyma of quadrate lobe of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "A liver parenchyma that is part of a quadrate lobe of liver." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "liver right quadrate lobe parenchyma" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001014]
synonym: "parenchyma of quadrate lobe" EXACT [EMAPA:18320]
xref: EHDAA2:0001014
xref: EMAPA:18320
xref: FMA:71676
is_a: UBERON:0005221  ! liver right lobe parenchyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001116 ! quadrate lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0001280  ! liver parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001116 ! quadrate lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010706
name: parenchyma of caudate lobe of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "A liver parenchyma that is part of a caudate lobe of liver." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "liver right caudate lobe parenchyma" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001007]
synonym: "parenchyma of caudate lobe" EXACT [EMAPA:18315]
xref: EHDAA2:0001007
xref: EMAPA:18315
xref: FMA:71659
is_a: UBERON:0005221  ! liver right lobe parenchyma
is_a: UBERON:0005222  ! liver left lobe parenchyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001117 ! caudate lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0001280  ! liver parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001117 ! caudate lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010707
name: appendage girdle complex
namespace: uberon
def: "An organism subdivision that includes both an appendage and its accociated girdle region. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc)." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
comment: It is still called a complex when one of the two parts is missing (?) There are fossil fishes with only an outgrowth (no record of a girdle), including thelodonts (which have a suprabranchial fin) as well as some anaspids which have a distinctive 'paired fin' (with differing published assertions on whether it's homologous to a pec fin or pelvic fin or both or neither).  There are many fishes and other vertebrates with only a girdle and no outgrowth.[VSAO] AO notes: note that the FMA uses the term 'limb' to refer to the entire appendage complex (free limb plus girdle region)
synonym: "appendage complex" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "appendage-girdle complex" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "appendage/girdle complex" EXACT [VSAO:0000214]
synonym: "girdle plus limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "limb" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:7182]
xref: FMA:7182
xref: VSAO:0000214
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
property_value: external_comment "It is still called a complex when one of the two parts is missing (?) There are fossil fishes with only an outgrowth (no record of a girdle), including thelodonts (which have a suprabranchial fin) as well as some anaspids which have a distinctive 'paired fin' (with differing published assertions on whether it's homologous to a pec fin or pelvic fin or both or neither).  There are many fishes and other vertebrates with only a girdle and no outgrowth.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical group that consists of the soft and skeletal tissues of the appendicular region of the body and the appendage proper.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010708
name: pectoral complex
namespace: uberon
def: "Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pectoral appendicular skeleton and the pectoral girdle." [VSAO:0000213]
comment: AO notes: note that the FMA uses the terms 'upper limb' and 'lower limb' to refer to the entire appendage complex (free limb plus girdle region)
synonym: "pectoral appendage/girdle complex" EXACT [VSAO:0000213]
synonym: "pectoral girdle plus anterior limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "pectoral girdle plus pectoral limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "upper limb" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:7183]
xref: FMA:7183
xref: VSAO:0000213
is_a: UBERON:0010707  ! appendage girdle complex
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010707  ! appendage girdle complex
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
property_value: external_definition "Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pectoral appendage and half of the pectoral girdle.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010709
name: pelvic complex
namespace: uberon
def: "Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendicular skeleton and the pelvic girdle." [VSAO:0000215]
comment: AO notes: note that the FMA uses the terms 'upper limb' and 'lower limb' to refer to the entire appendage complex (free limb plus girdle region). Note the MA class 'hindlimb' may also belong here
synonym: "lower limb" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:7184]
synonym: "pelvic appendage/girdle complex" EXACT [VSAO:0000215]
synonym: "pelvic girdle plus pelvic limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "pelvic girdle plus posterior limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:7184
xref: SCTID:416631005
xref: VSAO:0000215
is_a: UBERON:0010707  ! appendage girdle complex
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010707  ! appendage girdle complex
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0010708
property_value: external_definition "Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendage and the pelvic girdle.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010710
name: pectoral fin skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired fin skeleton that consists of the supporting endochondral proximal and distal radials and the dermal fins rays or lepidotrichia. The pectoral fin skeleton is located in the thoracic region of the body and articulates with the scapula and coracoid." [TAO:wd]
synonym: "forefin skeleton" EXACT [TAO:0000943]
xref: EFO:0003594
xref: TAO:0000943
xref: VSAO:0000153
xref: ZFA:0000943
is_a: UBERON:0007272  ! pectoral appendage skeleton
is_a: UBERON:0010713  ! paired fin skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000151 ! pectoral fin
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000151 ! pectoral fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000151 ! pectoral fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010711
name: pelvic fin skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired fin skeleton located in the abdominal position that consists of supporting endochondral radialsB and dermal fin rays or lepidotrichia." [TAO:0001387]
comment: AO Notes: the girdle is part of the pelvic fin skeleton in ZFA - needs resolved
xref: TAO:0001387
xref: VSAO:0000154
xref: ZFA:0001387
is_a: UBERON:0007273  ! pelvic appendage skeleton
is_a: UBERON:0010713  ! paired fin skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010712
name: limb skeleton subdivision
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal subdivision that is a segment of the limb skeleton." [VSAO:0005018, VSAO:NI]
comment: Editor notes - note the distinction between this and skeleton of limb
xref: VSAO:0005018
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010713
name: paired fin skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a single paired fin." [UBERON:cjm]
xref: TAO:0000027
xref: VSAO:0000169
xref: ZFA:0000027
is_a: UBERON:0011582  ! limb/fin skeleton
is_a: UBERON:0012353  ! fin skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010714
name: iliac cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000808
xref: EMAPA:18347
xref: VHOG:0001126
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006247 ! iliac pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010718
name: pubic cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001573
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010377  ! mesenchyme from somatopleure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006285 ! pubic pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! pelvic girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010719
name: girdle skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The subdivision of the skeleton of either the pectoral or pelvic girdle." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "skeleton of girdle" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010686
xref: VSAO:0000302
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: part_of subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: proximally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision that is part of the appendage girdle region.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010720
name: hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb zeugopod region." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "crus skeleton" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:ni]
synonym: "hind epipodium" RELATED [AAO:0000216]
synonym: "hindlimb epipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005014, VSAO:NI]
synonym: "hindlimb zygopod skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior zeugopodium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0005014]
synonym: "posterior zeugopodium skeleton" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000216
xref: VSAO:0005014
is_a: UBERON:0011584  ! zeugopodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
property_value: external_definition "Segment of the leg corresponding to the tibia and fibula.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010721
name: distal tarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "There are three cuneiform bones in the human foot: the medial cuneiform the intermediate cuneiform also known as the middle the lateral cuneiform. They are located between the navicular bone and the first, second and third metatarsal bones and are medial to the cuboid bone[WP, unvetted, human specific]." [Wikipedia:Cuneiform_%28anatomy%29]
synonym: "cuneiform" RELATED []
synonym: "cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24517]
synonym: "distal tarsal" EXACT [AAO:0000914]
synonym: "distal tarsal bone" EXACT []
synonym: "os cuneiform" EXACT []
synonym: "os cuneiforme" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000914
xref: FMA:24517
xref: SCTID:182102002
xref: UMLS:C1511560
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray268.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot
is_a: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Series of elements that articulate with the metatarsals.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010722
name: accessory bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone which does not occur frequently in the body but is still present in a significantly large number of organisms" [Wikipedia:Accessory_bone]
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010723
name: vesalian bone
namespace: uberon
def: "an accessory bone located proximal to the base of the fifth metatarsal. Its prevalence has been reported to be from 0.1% to 1.0%. This bone is found within the peroneus brevis tendon and is considered to be asymptomatic in the majority of people" [PMID:16291851]
synonym: "os vesalianum pedis" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:182149003
is_a: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0010722  ! accessory bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010724
name: lateral tubercle of talus
namespace: uberon
def: "An accessory bone tubercle which if present lies posterior to the talus" [Wikipedia:Os_trigonum]
synonym: "accessory talus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Os_trigonum]
synonym: "os trigonum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "os trigonum of talus" EXACT [FMA:33655]
synonym: "tuberculum laterale (talus)" EXACT [FMA:33655]
xref: FMA:33655
xref: SCTID:87573005
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
is_a: UBERON:0005899  ! pes bone
is_a: UBERON:0010722  ! accessory bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010725
name: accessory navicular bone
namespace: uberon
def: "an accessory bone of the pes that occasionally develops abnormally in front of the ankle towards the inside of the pes. This bone may be present in approximately 2.5% of the general population and is usually asymptomatic" [Wikipedia:Accessory_navicular_bone]
xref: SCTID:118496000
is_a: UBERON:0005899  ! pes bone
is_a: UBERON:0010722  ! accessory bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010726
name: os vesalianum manus
namespace: uberon
xref: http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/SkeletalSystem/Images/94.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0001435  ! carpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0010722  ! accessory bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010727
name: sutural bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A piece of bone that is located within a suture in the cranium." [Wikipedia:Wormian_bones]
synonym: "Wormian bone" EXACT [FMA:59327]
xref: FMA:59327
xref: SCTID:272677004
is_a: UBERON:0004766  ! cranial bone
is_a: UBERON:0010428  ! flat bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010728
name: sphenoid lesser wing pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0003449
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009191 ! sphenoid bone pre-cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010732
name: alisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sphenoid greater wing pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003448]
xref: EHDAA2:0003448
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0006904  ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009191 ! sphenoid bone pre-cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010733
name: alisphenoid cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "alisphenoid cartilage" RELATED []
synonym: "sphenoid greater wing cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003450]
xref: EHDAA2:0003450
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0006904  ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0007213  ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010732 ! alisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009193 ! sphenoid bone cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010737
name: distal tarsal bone 4
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 4." [VSAO:0005055]
comment: We need to restrict the logical definition such that it is *only* connecting to metatarsal 4
synonym: "cuboideum" RELATED [VSAO:0005055]
synonym: "distal tarsal 4" EXACT [VSAO:0005055]
synonym: "tarsal 4" EXACT [AAO:0000932]
xref: AAO:0000932
xref: VSAO:0005055
is_a: UBERON:0010721  ! distal tarsal bone
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal IV. It may be absent in some taxa.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010738
name: distal tarsal bone 5
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 5." [VSAO:0005056]
comment: We need to restrict the logical definition such that it is *only* connecting to metatarsal 5
synonym: "cuboideum" RELATED [VSAO:0005056]
synonym: "distal tarsal 5" EXACT [VSAO:0005056]
synonym: "tarsal 5" EXACT [AAO:0000933]
xref: AAO:0000933
xref: VSAO:0005056
is_a: UBERON:0010721  ! distal tarsal bone
relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal V. It may be absent in some taxa.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010739
name: distal carpal bone 5
namespace: uberon
def: "endochondral carpal bone similar to distal carpal 4, but lost in most reptiles and mammals." [VSAO:0005047]
comment: Taxon notes: lost in most reptiles and mammals[VSAO]. Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(V). It may be fused to carpal 4(3), 5(4), the ulnare, radiale, or other elements[AAO]
synonym: "carpal 5" RELATED [AAO:0000851]
synonym: "distal carpal 5" EXACT [VSAO:0005047]
synonym: "hamate" RELATED [VSAO:0005047]
synonym: "os hamatum" RELATED [VSAO:0005047]
synonym: "unciform" RELATED [VSAO:0005047]
synonym: "uncinate" RELATED [VSAO:0005047]
xref: AAO:0000851
xref: VSAO:0005047
is_a: UBERON:0001481  ! distal carpal bone
property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(V). It may be fused to carpal 4(3), 5(4), the ulnare, radiale, or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010740
name: bone of appendage girdle complex
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of an appendage girdle complex (i.e. any bone in a limb, fin or girdle)." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
synonym: "bone of extended limb/fin region" RELATED [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
synonym: "limb bone" RELATED [MA:0000688, UBERONREF:0000003]
xref: MA:0000688
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010741
name: bone of pectoral complex
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a pectoral complex. Examples: scapula, manus phalanx, any carpal bone, any bone of the pectoral fin." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
comment: AO notes - note that the MA class includes girdle parts so it belongs here; Editor notes: considering adding pectoral and pelvic complex skeleton classes
synonym: "bone of forelimb or pectoral fin or pectoral girdle" RELATED [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
synonym: "forelimb bone" RELATED [MA:0000612, UBERONREF:0000003]
synonym: "wing bone" NARROW SENSU [UBERONREF:0000003]
xref: MA:0000612
is_a: UBERON:0010740  ! bone of appendage girdle complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010742
name: bone of pelvic complex
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a pelvic complex. Examples: pubis, ischium, fot phalanx, any tarsal bone, any bone of the pelvic fin or girdle." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
comment: Note that the MA class called 'hindlimb bone' belongs here, as it includes bones in the pelvic girdle
synonym: "hindlimb bone" RELATED [MA:0000660, UBERONREF:0000003]
xref: MA:0000660
is_a: UBERON:0010740  ! bone of appendage girdle complex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010743
name: meningeal cluster
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all meningeal layers that line a central nervous system." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: In some primitive organisms, the meningeal cluster includes only the primitive meninx
synonym: "cluster of meninges" EXACT [FMA:231572]
synonym: "meninges" EXACT [FMA:231572]
xref: EHDAA2:0004661
xref: FMA:231572
xref: SCTID:362879001
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
property_value: has_relational_adjective "meningeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010744
name: sacral vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sacral vertebral pre-cartilage condensation group" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001774]
xref: EHDAA2:0001774
xref: EMAPA:17677
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0011095  ! vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010745
name: sacral vertebra cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sacral vertebral cartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "sacral vertebral cartilage condensation group" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001773]
xref: EHDAA2:0001773
xref: EMAPA:18009
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
is_a: UBERON:0005179  ! pelvis organ
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0011094  ! vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010744 ! sacral vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010746
name: iliac blade
namespace: uberon
def: "The extension of the ilium above the level of the acetabulum. Attachment site for both hindlimb and caudal musculature. Medially is the site of attachment of the sacral ribs, where these exist[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium]
comment: Taxon notes: Often dorsally expanded in amniotes[ad].
synonym: "a. ossis ilii" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium]
synonym: "ala of ilium" EXACT [FMA:42826]
synonym: "ala ossis ilii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium]
synonym: "ilium ala" EXACT [FMA:42826]
synonym: "wing of ilium" EXACT []
synonym: "wing of the ilium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium]
xref: FMA:42826
xref: SCTID:182024000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray235.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010747
name: body of ilium
namespace: uberon
def: "The body of ilium enters into the formation of the acetabulum, of which it forms rather less than two-fifths. Its external surface is partly articular, partly non-articular; the articular segment forms part of the lunate surface of the acetabulum, the non-articular portion contributes to the acetabular fossa. The internal surface of the body is part of the wall of the lesser pelvis and gives origin to some fibers of the Obturator internus. Below, it is continuous with the pelvic surfaces of the ischium and pubis, only a faint line indicating the place of union." [Wikipedia:Body_of_ilium]
synonym: "corpus ossis ilii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_ilium]
synonym: "ilium body" EXACT [FMA:42825]
xref: FMA:42825
xref: SCTID:292524005
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010748
name: lymph node follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphoid follicle that is part of a lymph node." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "follicle of lymph node" EXACT []
xref: MA:0000742
is_a: UBERON:0000444  ! lymphoid follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002006 ! cortex of lymph node
intersection_of: UBERON:0000444  ! lymphoid follicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010749
name: middle pharyngeal constrictor
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fanshaped muscle, smaller than the Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle." [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "constrictor medius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "constrictor pharyngis medius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "constrictores pharyngis medius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "hyopharyngeus" RELATED []
synonym: "middle constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46622, Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "middle constrictor muscle" RELATED []
synonym: "middle constrictor of pharynx" EXACT [FMA:46622]
synonym: "middle constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46622]
synonym: "middle pharyngeal constrictor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis medius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle]
xref: FMA:46622
xref: SCTID:244802003
xref: UMLS:C1513291
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Musculusconstrictorpharyngismedius.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Constrictor_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001569  ! constrictor muscle of pharynx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
property_value: external_definition "The middle constrictor is a pharyngeal arches 4/6 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus of Vagus  and attaches to the hyoid apparatus and the midline raphe.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010750
name: prefrontal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "a bone separating the lacrimal and frontal bones in many tetrapod skulls" [Wikipedia:Prefrontal_bone]
comment: Taxon notes: It first evolved in the sarcopterygian clade Rhipidistia, which includes lungfish and the Tetrapodomorpha. The prefrontal is found in most modern and extinct lungfish, amphibians and reptiles. It is very small, fused to the frontals or lost in many groups of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs and is completely absent in their modern descendants, the birds. The prefrontal was also lost in early mammaliaforms and so is not present in modern mammals either[WP]
synonym: "prefrontal" BROAD [AAO:0000460]
xref: AAO:0000460
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Dromaeosaurus_skull_en.svg/180px-Dromaeosaurus_skull_en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001680 ! lacrimal bone
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:9606

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010751
name: squamous part of temporal bone primordium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "squamosal bone primordium" EXACT []
synonym: "squamosal primordium" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0001907
xref: EHDAA:9536
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 ! vault of skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010752
name: exoccipital cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:18339
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006228 ! exoccipital pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001693 ! exoccipital bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010753
name: lymph node secondary follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A secondary follicle that is located in a lymph node" [CL:tm]
xref: MA:0000744
is_a: UBERON:0001745  ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010748  ! lymph node follicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010395 ! lymph node primary follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node
intersection_of: UBERON:0001745  ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010754
name: germinal center
namespace: uberon
def: "A collection of activated B cells at the center of a secondary follicle, formed after B cells become activated and migrate to the center." [CL:tm, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Germinal_center]
comment: A germinal center is a specialized microenvironment formed when activated B cells enter lymphoid follicles. Germinal centers are the foci for B cell proliferation and somatic hypermutation.[GO]
synonym: "central zone of follice" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "light zone of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "lymhpoid nodule" RELATED [CL:tm]
synonym: "nodule" RELATED [CL:tm]
synonym: "reaction center of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm]
xref: BTO:0003671
xref: EV:0100051
xref: MESH:A10.549.250
xref: SCTID:64626006
xref: UMLS:C0282491
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Germinal_center.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Germinal_Center
is_a: UBERON:0001744  ! lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010755
name: secondary follicle corona
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the secondary follicle that surrounds the germinal center." [CL:tm, UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor's note: consider making terminology consistent amongst subclasses - see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/7
synonym: "B cell corona" RELATED []
synonym: "dark zone of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "inactive zone of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm]
synonym: "mantle zone" RELATED []
synonym: "peripheral zone of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm]
xref: UMLS:C1512987
xref: ncithesaurus:Mantle_Zone
is_a: UBERON:0001744  ! lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center
intersection_of: UBERON:0001744  ! lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010756
name: spleen follicular dendritic cell network
namespace: uberon
def: "the enmeshed group of antigen presenting cells with extensive dendritic processes in the spleen B cell follicle that present antigen to B cells during an immune response" [MP:0008473]
comment: The follicular dendritic cell network is often visualized by using the monoclonal antibody FDC-M2.
synonym: "FDC network" BROAD [MP:0008473]
synonym: "FDCN" BROAD [MP:0008473]
synonym: "spleen FDC network" EXACT [MP:0008473]
synonym: "splenic follicular dendritic cell network" EXACT [MP:0008473]
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001744  ! lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004042 ! spleen secondary B follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010757
name: rib 8
namespace: uberon
comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically
subset: defined_by_ordinal_series  ! classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology
synonym: "eighth rib" EXACT [FMA:8120]
xref: FMA:8120
xref: MA:0001408
xref: SCTID:244663007
xref: UMLS:C1709954
xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_8
is_a: UBERON:0002228  ! rib
is_a: UBERON:0002238  ! false rib
property_value: rib_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010758
name: appendage segment
namespace: uberon
xref: FBbt:00007018
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000026 ! appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010801
name: calcaneum pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "calcaneous pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:17736
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010695  ! mesenchyme of tarsal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010842
name: calcaneum cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "calcaneous cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:18143
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010695  ! mesenchyme of tarsal region
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010801 ! calcaneum pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010843
name: clavicle cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a clavicle." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: In most birds and mammals the clavicles are the only dermal elements in the trunk, and is the only membrane bone associated with the pectoral girdle in these taxa. However, there can be secondary cartilage, or subsequent endochondral ossification, or fusion with endochondral elements. In rodents, the lateral ends of the clavicle are endochondral but the main portion is dermal.[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4]
xref: EMAPA:18342
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010844 ! clavicle pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010844
name: clavicle pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a clavicle." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: In most birds and mammals the clavicles are the only dermal elements in the trunk, and is the only membrane bone associated with the pectoral girdle in these taxa. However, there can be secondary cartilage, or subsequent endochondral ossification, or fusion with endochondral elements. In rodents, the lateral ends of the clavicle are endochondral but the main portion is dermal.[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4]
xref: EMAPA:18026
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010846
name: radius pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a radius bone." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Editor notes: still to decide whether this is a distinct pre-cartilage condensation
xref: EHDAA2:0001586
is_a: UBERON:0003327  ! mesenchyme of forearm
is_a: UBERON:0010884  ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006287 ! radius-ulna pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010847
name: ulna pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a ulna." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002100
xref: EHDAA:6226
is_a: UBERON:0003327  ! mesenchyme of forearm
is_a: UBERON:0010884  ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006287 ! radius-ulna pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001424 ! ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010848
name: radius-ulna cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: note that this is not represented as a single unit in EHDAA2
synonym: "radio-ulna cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17711]
xref: EMAPA:17711
is_a: UBERON:0003327  ! mesenchyme of forearm
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006287 ! radius-ulna pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010849
name: tibia cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a tibia." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18155
is_a: UBERON:0005259  ! lower leg mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010885  ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010850 ! tibia pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005259 ! lower leg mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000979 ! tibia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010850
name: tibia pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a tibia." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0002036
is_a: UBERON:0005259  ! lower leg mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010886  ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005259 ! lower leg mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000979 ! tibia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010851
name: fibula cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a fibula." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibulal cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:18154]
synonym: "fibular cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:18154]
xref: EMAPA:18154
is_a: UBERON:0005259  ! lower leg mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010885  ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010852 ! fibula pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005259 ! lower leg mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001446 ! fibula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010852
name: fibula pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a fibula." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fibulal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "fibular pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000509
xref: EHDAA:6196
is_a: UBERON:0005259  ! lower leg mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0010886  ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005259 ! lower leg mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001446 ! fibula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010853
name: capitulum of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy of the arm, the lateral portion of the articular surface of the humerus consists of a smooth, rounded eminence, named the capitulum of the humerus. It articulates with the cupshaped depression on the head of the radius, and is limited to the front and lower part of the bone.." [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus]
comment: TODO - check AAO. Taxon notes: In birds, where forelimb anatomy has adaptation for flight, its functional if not ontogenetic equivalent is the dorsal condyle of the humerus[WP]
synonym: "capitellum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "capitulum humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "capitulum of humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "dorsal condyle of the humerus" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "humeral capitulum" EXACT [FMA:23373]
xref: FMA:23373
xref: SCTID:282816008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Capitulumhumeri.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009988 ! condyle of humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010854
name: skin of front of neck
namespace: uberon
def: "A skin of neck that is part of a throat." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "skin of anterior neck" EXACT [FMA:23023]
synonym: "skin of anterior part of neck" EXACT [FMA:23023]
synonym: "skin of anterior portion of neck" EXACT [FMA:23023]
synonym: "skin of throat" EXACT []
xref: FMA:23023
xref: SCTID:181482005
is_a: UBERON:0001417  ! skin of neck
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000341 ! throat
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011154 ! gular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001417  ! skin of neck
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000341 ! throat

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010855
name: skin of forelimb wing
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a forelimb wing." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0003531  ! forelimb skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010856
name: patagium
namespace: uberon
def: "A membranous extension of skin that forms the wing material in animals such as bats. It typically comprises a number of patagial segments, stretching from the side of the body between the forelimb digits and sometimes the hindlimbs." [Wikipedia:Patagium, http://animals.about.com/od/zoologytermsktoz/g/patagium.htm, http://www.brown.edu/Departments/EEB/EML/background/wing_anatomy.htm]
synonym: "flight membrane" RELATED []
synonym: "patagia" RELATED PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0000094  ! membrane organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000023 ! wing

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010858
name: inter limb-segment region
namespace: uberon
comment: Examples - region between digits in a human embryo; segments of a bat's patagium
synonym: "interlimb" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002529 {cardinality="2"} ! limb segment

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010861
name: propatagium
namespace: uberon
def: "In bats and pterosaurs, thin web of skin that extends from the shoulder to the wrist anterior to the upper arm and forearm, and is fixed on the neck or skull." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryPo.html]
comment: In birds:  The triangular fold of skin on leading edge of the wing[http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm]
is_a: UBERON:0010858  ! inter limb-segment region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010862
name: dactylopatagium
namespace: uberon
def: "An interdigital region that is part of a patagium." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium
intersection_of: UBERON:0006012  ! interdigital region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010863
name: dactylopatagium brevis
namespace: uberon
def: "A dactylopatagium that is connected_to a manual digit 1 and connected_to a manual digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010864
name: dactylopatagium minus
namespace: uberon
def: "A dactylopatagium that is connected_to a manual digit 2 and connected_to a manual digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010865
name: dactylopatagium medius
namespace: uberon
def: "A dactylopatagium that is connected_to a manual digit 3 and connected_to a manual digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010866
name: dactylopatagium major
namespace: uberon
def: "A dactylopatagium that is connected_to a manual digit 4 and connected_to a manual digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010867
name: plagiopatagium
namespace: uberon
def: "a flight membrane running between the body and the limb or digits.." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryP.html]
is_a: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium
intersection_of: UBERON:0010862  ! dactylopatagium
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010868
name: uropropatagium
namespace: uberon
def: "the membrane that is stretches between the legs of bats, used for flight, and in the case of insect-eating bats, for catching prey." [Wikipedia:Interfemoral_membrane]
synonym: "interfemoral membrane" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0010858  ! inter limb-segment region
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010869
name: calcar
namespace: uberon
def: "a spur of cartilage arising from inner side of ankle and running along part of outer interfemoral membrane in bats" [Wikipedia:Calcar]
comment: Function notes: to help spread the interfemoral membrane which is part of the wing membrane between the tail and the hind legs.
synonym: "calcaneum" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Calcar]
synonym: "calcar spur" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010868 ! uropropatagium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010878
name: humeral patagium
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0010855  ! skin of forelimb wing

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010879
name: tusk
namespace: uberon
def: "Elongated, continuously growing front teeth, usually but not always in pairs, that protrude well beyond the mouth of certain mammal species. They are most commonly canines, as with warthogs, pig, and walruses, or, in the case of elephants and narwhals, elongated incisors. In most tusked species both the males and the females have tusks although the males are larger. Tusks are generally curved, though the narwhal's sole tusk is straight and has a helical structure. In the elephant, the tusks were originally second incisors. Continuous growth is enabled by formative tissues in the apical openings of the roots of the teeth" [Wikipedia:Tusk]
comment: Consider adding separate classes for incisor and canine tusks. E.g. narwhal tusk = left upper incisor[Kardong]
xref: SCTID:54040005
is_a: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40151
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:41426
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9705
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9823

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010880
name: gular fold
namespace: uberon
def: "A transverse fold of skin across the throat (Peters 1964)." [Wikipedia:Gular_fold, Wikipedia:Gular_skin, http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/bio/glsry.htm, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&amp;aid=3414172&amp;group_id=76834&amp;atid=994764]
synonym: "gular sac" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gular_fold]
synonym: "gular skin" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gular_fold]
synonym: "throat sac" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gular_fold]
xref: AAO:0010238
is_a: UBERON:0010854  ! skin of front of neck
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9590

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010881
name: limb bone cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a limb bone." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010882 ! limb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010882
name: limb bone pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a limb bone." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010883
name: forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a forelimb bone." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "wing bone cartilaginous condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0003859  ! forelimb mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010881  ! limb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010884 ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010884
name: forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a forelimb bone." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "wing bone pre-cartilage condensation" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0003859  ! forelimb mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010882  ! limb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010885
name: hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a hindlimb bone." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0003860  ! hindlimb mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010881  ! limb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010886 ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010886
name: hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a hindlimb bone." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0003860  ! hindlimb mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010882  ! limb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010888
name: obsolete seta
namespace: uberon
def: "A hair-like unicellular external process of the body wall or any derivative of the latter; a hair; a bristle." [BTO:0004212]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Obsoleted as the term 'seta' refers to a variety of different structures. For insect chaetae, consider the arthropod anatomy ontology.
synonym: "bristle" RELATED [BTO:0004212]
synonym: "chaeta" RELATED [MIAA:0000152]
synonym: "sensory bristle" RELATED [MIAA:0000152]

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010889
name: ectethmoid
namespace: uberon
def: "either of two lateral parts of the ethmoid bone that form part of the anterior wall of the orbit " [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/ectethmoid]
comment: Taxon notes: In avians, the mesethmoid supports upper beak formation
synonym: "dorsal nasal capsule" EXACT [PMID:21270050]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010890
name: pelvic complex muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Muscles of the pelvic girdle, hindlimb or pelvic fin." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "lower limb muscle" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:9622]
synonym: "muscle of lower limb" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:9622]
synonym: "muscle of pelvic girdle and leg" RELATED []
synonym: "pelvic girdle and hind limb muscles" EXACT [AAO:0000218]
synonym: "pelvic girdle or hind limb muscle" NARROW [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "pelvic girdle or posterior limb muscle" NARROW [UBERON:cjm]
xref: AAO:0000218
xref: FMA:9622
xref: MA:0000663
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
property_value: external_definition "Muscles of the pelvic girdle, thigh, leg (crus), and foot (pes).[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010891
name: pectoral complex muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle of a pectoral girdle, pectoral fin or anterior limb." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor notes: the MA class belongs here, based on its current child classes
synonym: "muscle of pectoral girdle and limb" RELATED []
synonym: "muscle of pectoral girdle and wing" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782]
synonym: "muscle of upper limb" NARROW INCONSISTENT [FMA:9621]
synonym: "pectoral girdle and fore limb muscles" EXACT [AAO:0010687]
synonym: "upper limb muscle" NARROW INCONSISTENT [FMA:9621]
xref: AAO:0010687
xref: FMA:9621
xref: MA:0000615
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
property_value: external_definition "Muscles of the pectoral girdle, arm, forearm, and hand (brachium, antebrachium, manus respectively).[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010892
name: mesethmoid element
namespace: uberon
def: "region of the nasal capsule that forms septum between nasal capsules and usually remains unossified in mammals" [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "mesethmoid" RELATED [AAO:0000303]
synonym: "ventral nasal capsule" EXACT [PMID:21270050]
xref: AAO:0000303
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005945 ! neurocranial trabecula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 ! ethmoid region
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Endochondral ossification of the anteromedial portion of the braincase.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010893
name: median external naris
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0012123
subset: cyclostome_subset  ! cyclostome structures
synonym: "median anterior naris" EXACT []
synonym: "median nostril" EXACT []
synonym: "nasohypophysial opening" EXACT [http://tolweb.org/Hyperoartia]
is_a: UBERON:0005928  ! external naris
relationship: in_median_plane_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0005928  ! external naris
intersection_of: in_median_plane_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7762

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010894
name: keratinous tooth
namespace: uberon
comment: The hagfish's jawless mouth contains two parallel rows of pointed keratinous teeth
subset: cyclostome_subset  ! cyclostome structures
synonym: "horny denticle" EXACT [http://tolweb.org/Hyperoartia]
is_a: UBERON:0003913  ! tooth-like structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010895
name: sequential hermaphroditic organism
namespace: uberon
def: "Hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of one sex, and then later of the other sex." [CARO:0000045]
synonym: "consecutive hermaphroditic organism" RELATED [CARO:0000045]
xref: AAO:0010037
xref: BILA:0000045
xref: CARO:0000045
xref: HAO:0000045
xref: TADS:0000608
is_a: UBERON:0007197  ! hermaphroditic organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010896
name: piston cartilage
namespace: uberon
comment: Composition notes: composed of lamprin, an elastin-like protein, unique to lampreys
subset: cyclostome_subset  ! cyclostome structures
synonym: "lamprey tongue" RELATED []
synonym: "lingual cartilage" EXACT []
synonym: "piston" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010898
name: gastralium
namespace: uberon
def: "Dermal element that arises via intramembranous ossification and are developmentally distinct from true ribs that articulate with the vertebral column." [VSAO:0000127, Wikipedia:Gastralium]
comment: These bones may have been derived from the ventral scales found in animals like rhipidistians, labyrinthodonts, and Acanthostega, and may be related to ventral elements of turtle plastrons[WP]
synonym: "abdominal rib" EXACT [ISBN10:0073040584, VSAO:curator]
synonym: "belly rib" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "gastralia" EXACT PLURAL [VSAO:0000127]
xref: VSAO:0000127
is_a: UBERON:0003828  ! abdominal segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0005172  ! abdomen organ
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 ! anterior abdominal wall

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010899
name: synchronous hermaphroditic organism
namespace: uberon
def: "Hermaphroditic organism that produces both male and female gametes at the same time." [CARO:0000046]
synonym: "serially hermaphroditic organism" RELATED [CARO:0000046]
synonym: "simultaneous hermaphroditic organism" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: AAO:0010046
xref: BILA:0000046
xref: CARO:0000046
xref: HAO:0000046
xref: TADS:0000609
is_a: UBERON:0007197  ! hermaphroditic organism
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000473 ! testis
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0000468  ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000473 ! testis
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010900
name: tarsometatarsus cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a tarsometatarsus." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010885  ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010901 ! tarsometatarsus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008195 ! tarsometatarsus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008195 ! tarsometatarsus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010901
name: tarsometatarsus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a tarsometatarsus." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010886  ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008195 ! tarsometatarsus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008195 ! tarsometatarsus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010902
name: tibiotarsus cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a tibiotarsus." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010885  ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010903 ! tibiotarsus pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008194 ! tibiotarsus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008194 ! tibiotarsus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010903
name: tibiotarsus pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a tibiotarsus." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0010886  ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008194 ! tibiotarsus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008194 ! tibiotarsus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010904
name: pectoral fin scapula
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral bone that is located medial to the cleithrum, and articulates ventrally with the coracoid, medially with the mesocoracoid when the later is present and posteriorly with the upper one to three proximal radials. The scapula develops from the scapulocoracoid cartilage and belongs to the primary pectoral girdle. It may be perforated by the scapular foramen or it may be notched ventrally and forms together with a similar notch of the coracoid the scapulocoracoid foramen." [TAO:0000583]
comment: Alternate definition: A scapula that is connected to a pectoral fin
synonym: "hypercoracocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000583]
synonym: "hypercoracocC/deum@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000583]
synonym: "scapula@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000583]
synonym: "scapulas" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000583]
synonym: "teleost scapula" RELATED []
xref: TAO:0000583
xref: ZFA:0000583
is_a: UBERON:0006849  ! scapula
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004753 ! scapulocoracoid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010905
name: clavicle bone primordium
namespace: uberon
comment: lateral part derives from a fish dermal bone while the medial part comes from a spur off the manubrium endochondral bone[JB]
synonym: "calvicle primordium" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000254
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0007829  ! pectoral girdle bone
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 ! body-wall mesenchyme
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010908
name: paraglossale
namespace: uberon
def: "in the avian hyoid apparatus, the arrowhead-shaped bone which forms the base of the tongue" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryP.html#P]
synonym: "paraglossale bone" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010910
name: opisthotic
namespace: uberon
def: "Posterior ossification of the otic capsule." [AAO:0010835, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/opisthotic.html]
comment: Taxon notes:  teleost fishes have a bone which is called the opisthotic. However, it is not homologous to the tetrapod opisthotic and the teleost otic capsule is all of a piece[palaeos] - see TAO:0000474 - intercalar \"Small membrane bone homologous with a cartilage bone in more basal fishes (Patterson, 1977).  Situated between the exoccipital and the pterotic at point of attachment of short ligament that originates on the ventral arm of the posttemporal.\"
xref: AAO:0010835
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004637 ! otic capsule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010911
name: ossicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal element that is often isolated, small, and variable in composition." [VSAO:0000132]
comment: Ossicles are composed of a combination skeletal tissues, including bone, calcified cartilage, hyaline cartilage, etc, and exhibit variable development across species. Ossicles are not necessarily jointed, and examples include the menisci of synovial joints, \"Panda's thumb\" (radial sesamoid), cardiac skeletal elements, sclerotic bones, middle ear ossicles, and sesamoids.
xref: VSAO:0000132
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010912
name: subdivision of skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements (i.e. bone elements, cartilage elements, cartilage condensations) that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism. Excludes joints." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003]
comment: AO notes: VSAO def logically wrong
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "skeletal subdivision" EXACT [VSAO:0000042]
synonym: "subdivision of skeleton (in vivo)" RELATED [FMA:23879]
xref: FMA:23879
xref: SCTID:129140006
xref: VSAO:0000042
is_a: UBERON:0011216  ! organ system subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004288 ! skeleton
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements that are part of the skeleton.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010913
name: vertebral element
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column." [VSAO:0000184]
comment: Note that Uberon includes a distinct subclass for bony vertebra
xref: VHOG:0001143
xref: VSAO:0000184
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
property_value: has_relational_adjective "vertebral" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "In contrast to lampreys and jawed vertebrates, hagfishes were thought to lack vertebrae. Now, long overlooked vertebral rudiments have been analysed in hagfish, suggesting that vertebrae existed in the last common ancestor of all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010921
name: thyrohyoid ligament
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:55135
xref: SCTID:279551000
xref: UMLS:C0225534
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyrohyoid_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010925
name: median thyrohyoid ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle thicker part of the thyrohyoid membrane is termed the median thyrohyoid ligament (middle hyothyroid ligament, middle thyrohyoid ligament), its lateral thinner portions are pierced by the superior laryngeal vessels and the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. Its anterior surface is in relation with the Thyreohyoideus, Sternohyoideus, and Omohyoideus, and with the body of the hyoid bone" [Wikipedia:Median_thyrohyoid_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum thyrohyoideum medianum" EXACT []
synonym: "middle thyrohyoid ligament" EXACT [FMA:55138]
xref: FMA:55138
xref: SCTID:279554008
xref: UMLS:C0225535
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Thyrohyoid_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0010921  ! thyrohyoid ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010926
name: lateral thyrohyoid ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The lateral thyrohyoid ligament (lateral hyothyroid ligament) is a round elastic cord, which forms the posterior border of the hyothyroid membrane and passes between the tip of the superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage and the extremity of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. The recurrent laryngeal nerve typical lies lateral to this ligament" [Wikipedia:Lateral_thyrohyoid_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum hyothyreoideum laterale" EXACT []
synonym: "ligamentum thyrohyoideum laterale" EXACT []
xref: FMA:55139
xref: SCTID:279555009
xref: UMLS:C0458565
xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Thyrohyoid_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0010921  ! thyrohyoid ligament

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010927
name: thyroepiglotticus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "fibers of the thyroarytenoid muscle that continue to the margin of the epiglottis; it closes the inlet to the larynx." [Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_muscle, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thyroepiglottic+muscle]
comment: AO notes: not a distinct muscle in FMA
synonym: "pars thyroepiglottica (musculus thyroarytenoideus)" EXACT [FMA:46594]
synonym: "pars thyroepiglottica musculi thyroarytenoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_muscle]
synonym: "pars thyroepiglottica musculus thyroarytenoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "thyro-epiglottic part of thyro-arytenoid" EXACT [FMA:46594]
synonym: "thyroepiglottic" EXACT []
synonym: "thyroepiglottic muscle" EXACT [FMA:46594]
synonym: "thyroepiglotticus" EXACT [FMA:46594]
synonym: "thyroepiglottus" EXACT []
synonym: "thyroepiglottus muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:46594
xref: SCTID:244819001
xref: UMLS:C0224182
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Musculusthyreoarytenoideus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroepiglottic_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001568  ! muscle of larynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008576 ! thyro-arytenoid
property_value: external_definition "Thexton, see notes from WG2.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010928
name: cricopharyngeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle that arises from cricoid cartilage" [Wikipedia:Cricopharyngeus#Origin_and_insertion]
comment: muscle belly
synonym: "cricopharyngeal part" BROAD []
synonym: "cricopharyngeal part of inferior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46661]
synonym: "cricopharyngeal part of inferior pharyngeal constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46661]
synonym: "cricopharyngeal part of inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "cricopharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46661]
synonym: "cricopharyngeus portion of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor" EXACT []
synonym: "pars cricopharyngea (musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior)" EXACT [FMA:46661]
synonym: "pars cricopharyngea musculus constrictoris pharyngis inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:46661
xref: SCTID:244804002
xref: UMLS:C0224214
xref: ncithesaurus:Cricopharyngeus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001570 ! inferior pharyngeal constrictor
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007268 ! upper esophageal sphincter
property_value: external_definition "The cricopharyngeus is a pharyngeal arch 4/6 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus and the recurrent laryngeal n. , and is an integral part of the pharyngeal tube, and attaches to the cricoid cartilage and the midline raphe.  It acts as a sphincter between the pharynx and esophagus.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010929
name: stapedius pre-muscle condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001909
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
is_a: UBERON:0009506  ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009506 ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010930
name: interhyoideus
namespace: uberon
comment: Usage notes: may be obsoleted. Muscle between hyoid arches in fish; Taxon notes: the [mammalian] interhyoideus is homologous with the simple interhyoideus of early stages of amphibia[Edgeworth, 1935].  most extant actinopterygians part of the interhyoideus separates into a distinct muscle during development, the hyohyoideus - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-213X/8/24/
synonym: "interhyoideus muscle" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010649
is_a: UBERON:0005493  ! hyoid muscle
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of the principal muscles used in swallowing.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010931
name: intermandibularis
namespace: uberon
def: "Is a mandibular muscle that develops into the ventral intermandibularis anterior and posterior muscles." [ZFA:0000369]
synonym: "intermandibular muscle" RELATED [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060921-12]
synonym: "intermandibularis muscle" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0010647
xref: TAO:0000369
xref: ZFA:0000369
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "One of the principal muscles used in swallowing.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010932
name: crico-arytenoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Cricoarytenoid muscles are muscles that connect the cricoid cartilage and arytenoid cartilage. More specifically, it can refer to: Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle" [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "crico-arytenoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "cricoarytenoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "cricoarytenoid muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "cricoarytenoideus" EXACT []
xref: MA:0002283
xref: SCTID:244811003
xref: UMLS:C0448336
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray959.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cricoarytenoid_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006328  ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003716 ! recurrent laryngeal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010933
name: orbicularis oris muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the orbicularis oris muscle is the sphincter muscle around the mouth. This muscle closes the mouth and puckers the lips when it contracts." [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle]
synonym: "incisivii labii inferioris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle]
synonym: "incisivii labii superioris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle]
synonym: "musculus orbicularis oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle]
synonym: "nasolabialis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle]
synonym: "orbicularis oris" EXACT [FMA:46841, Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle]
xref: FMA:46841
xref: SCTID:244749008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Orbicularis_oris.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001458 ! skin of lip
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
disjoint_from: UBERON:0013497  ! muscularis orbicularis
property_value: external_definition "The orbicularis oris is a superficial facial muscle that attaches to the skin and modiolus, and that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, and is innervated by the facial nerve .[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010934
name: panniculus carnosus
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of striated muscle deep to the panniculus adiposus[WP]" [Wikipedia:Panniculus_carnosus]
comment: fine, flat muscles within the hypodermis. Their origin is in the deep fascia of bone and they insert into superficial skin.  They act to raise hair, quills, feathers, etc.  It is also used in \"twitch\" reflexes to shake off insects, etc.[Palaeos]
synonym: "panniculus" BROAD []
synonym: "panniculus carnosus group" EXACT [EMAPA:18189]
xref: EMAPA:18189
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis
property_value: has_relational_adjective "pannicular" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010935
name: tensor tympani pre-muscle condensation
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0002002
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
is_a: UBERON:0009506  ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009506 ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010936
name: thyropharyngeus muscle
namespace: uberon
comment: muscle belly
synonym: "pars thyropharyngea (musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior)" EXACT [FMA:46658]
synonym: "pars thyropharyngea musculus constrictoris pharyngis inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "thyropharyngeal part of inferior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46658]
synonym: "thyropharyngeal part of inferior constrictor pharyngeus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "thyropharyngeal part of inferior pharyngeal constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46658]
synonym: "thyropharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46658]
xref: FMA:46658
xref: SCTID:244805001
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001570 ! inferior pharyngeal constrictor

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010937
name: salpingopharyngeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The salpingopharyngeus muscle arises from the inferior part of the cartilage of the pharyngotympanic tube (Eustachian tube) in the nasal cavity; it passes downward and blends with the posterior fasciculus of the palatopharyngeus muscle. The salpingopharyngeus is known to raise the pharynx and larynx during deglutition (swallowing) and laterally draws the pharyngeal walls up. In addition, it opens the pharyngeal orifice of the pharyngotympanic tube during swallowing. This allows for the equalization of pressure between the auditory canal and the pharynx. The salpingopharyngeus is innervated by the vagus nerve (CN X) via the pharyngeal plexus." [Wikipedia:Salpingopharyngeus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus salpingopharyngeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Salpingopharyngeus_muscle]
synonym: "salpingopharyngeus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Salpingopharyngeus_muscle]
xref: FMA:46665
xref: SCTID:244807009
xref: UMLS:C1521985
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Salpingopharyngeus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Salpingopharyngeus
is_a: UBERON:0000933  ! pharyngeal muscle
is_a: UBERON:0003831  ! respiratory system muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010234 ! palatopharyngeus muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007354 ! cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0002019 ! accessory XI nerve
property_value: external_definition "Salpingopharyngeus is a muscle that attaches to pharyngotympanic tube and the pharynx and is innervated by pharyngeal plexus of CN X and participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010938
name: muscle belly
namespace: uberon
synonym: "belly" BROAD [FMA:9719]
synonym: "belly of muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "venter" BROAD LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:9719
xref: STID:29823001
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010939
name: zygomaticomandibularis muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "masseter, deep" RELATED [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "zygomaticomandibularis" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "zygomaticomandibularis muscle" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle
property_value: external_definition "The deep masseter is a separable part of the masseter muscle that attaches to lateral surface and/or ventral border of zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The zygomaticomandibularis is a separable part of the masseter muscle that attaches to the medial surface of the zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010940
name: belly of digastric
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle belly that is part of a digastric muscle." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "digastric belly" EXACT [FMA:46297]
xref: FMA:46297
xref: SCTID:360772008
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010938  ! muscle belly
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001562 ! digastric muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0010938  ! muscle belly
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001562 ! digastric muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010943
name: anterior belly of digastric
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior belly of digastric muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior digastric" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior digastric muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "digastric, anterior" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "digastricus anterior" EXACT []
synonym: "digastricus, venter rostralis" EXACT []
synonym: "venter anterior (musculus digastricus)" EXACT [FMA:46302]
xref: FMA:46302
xref: SCTID:141804004
is_a: UBERON:0010940  ! belly of digastric
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0011322 ! mylohyoid nerve
property_value: external_definition "The anterior digastric is a pharyngeal arch I muscle that participates in oral/pharygeal behaviors and is innervated by the nerve to mylohyoid and superficial to mylohyoid muscle, and lacks the midline raphe.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010944
name: posterior belly of digastric
namespace: uberon
synonym: "digastric, posterior" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "digastricus posterior" EXACT []
synonym: "digastricus, venter caudalis" EXACT []
synonym: "m. digastricus posterior" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior belly of digastric muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "posterior digastric" RELATED []
synonym: "posterior digastric muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:46303
xref: SCTID:141905002
is_a: UBERON:0010940  ! belly of digastric
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
property_value: external_definition "The posterior digastric is a pharyngeal arch II muscle that participates in oral pharyngeal behavior, is innervated by the digastric branchi of facial nerve and attaches to the posterior cranial base.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010945
name: jugulohyoideus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "runs from the processus jugularis to the os stylohyoideum; innervated with the ramus jugulohyoideus from the nervus facialis" [PMID:7839797]
comment: See also: stylohyoid muscle
synonym: "jugulohyoid" RELATED []
synonym: "jugulohyoideus" RELATED []
synonym: "musculus jugulohyoideus" RELATED []
synonym: "musculus occipitohyoideus" RELATED []
synonym: "occipitohyoid" RELATED []
synonym: "occipitohyoideus" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010946
name: occipitofrontalis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The occipitofrontalis or epicranius is a muscle which covers parts of the skull. It consists of two parts or bellies: The occipital belly, near the occipital bone, and the frontal belly, near the frontal bone. Some sources consider the occipitofrontalis to be a structure consisting of two distinct muscles, the Frontalis and the occipitalis. However, Terminologia Anatomica currently classifies it as a single muscle." [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle]
comment: zone of muscle in FMA
synonym: "epicranius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus occipitofrontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle]
synonym: "occipitofrontalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle]
xref: FMA:9624
xref: SCTID:361811007
xref: UMLS:C1518531
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray378.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Occipito-frontalis_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006661 ! epicranial aponeurosis
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010947
name: occipitalis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "occipital belly of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46758]
synonym: "occipital part of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46758]
synonym: "venter occipitalis (musculus occipitofrontalis)" EXACT [FMA:46758]
synonym: "venter transversa musculus occipitofrontalis occipitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:46758
xref: SCTID:21405000
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010938  ! muscle belly
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010946 ! occipitofrontalis muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010948
name: cleidooccipital muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that attaches_to a clavicle and attaches_to a occipital bone." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Some studies have indicated a supernumerary cleido-occipital muscle more or less separate from the sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle; The frequency of cleido-occipital muscle occurrence has been reported up to 33%
synonym: "cleido-occipitalis" EXACT []
synonym: "cleido-occipitalis muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "cleidooccipital" EXACT [MA:0002276]
xref: MA:0002276
is_a: UBERON:0000933  ! pharyngeal muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010949
name: sternooccipital muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that has_muscle_insertion a occipital bone and has_muscle_origin a sternum." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "sternooccipital" EXACT [MA:0002385]
xref: MA:0002385
xref: UMLS:C1710196
xref: ncithesaurus:Sternooccipital
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000975 ! sternum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
intersection_of: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000975 ! sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010950
name: styloauricular muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "An occasional small muscle extending from the root of the styloid process to the cartilage of the meatus of the ear" [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?musculus+styloauricularis]
synonym: "mandibulo-auricularis" EXACT []
synonym: "mandibulo-auricularis muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "stylo-auricularis" EXACT []
synonym: "stylo-auricularis muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "styloauricularis" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010951
name: interscutular muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a muscle that attaches to the base of the ear and to the middle of the skull" [PMID:19209956]
synonym: "interscutularis" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus interscutularis" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010952
name: frontalis
namespace: uberon
def: "The frontalis muscle is thin, of a quadrilateral form, and intimately adherent to the superficial fascia. It is broader than the Occipitalis and its fibers are longer and paler in color. It is located on the front of the head. It has no bony attachments. Its medial fibers are continuous with those of the Procerus; its immediate fibers blend with the Corrugator and Orbicularis oculi, thus attached to the skin of the eyebrows; and its lateral fibers are also blended with the latter muscle over the zygomatic process of the frontal bone. In the eyebrows, its primary function is to lift them (thus opposing the orbital portion of the orbicularis), especially when looking up. It also acts when a view is too distant or dim. From these attachments the fibers are directed upward, and join the galea aponeurotica below the coronal suture. The medial margins of the Frontales are joined together for some distance above the root of the nose; but between the Occipitales there is a considerable, though variable, interval, occupied by the galea aponeurotica. It could be part of occipitofrontalis muscle." [Wikipedia:Frontalis_muscle]
synonym: "frontal belly of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46757]
synonym: "frontal belly of occipitofrontalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frontalis_muscle]
synonym: "frontal part of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46757]
synonym: "orbito-temporo-auricularis" EXACT [PMID:18657257]
synonym: "venter frontalis (musculus occipitofrontalis)" EXACT [FMA:46757]
synonym: "venter frontalis musculi occipitofrontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontalis_muscle]
synonym: "venter frontalis musculus occipitofrontalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:46757
xref: SCTID:368680005
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Musculus_frontalis.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010938  ! muscle belly
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006661 ! epicranial aponeurosis
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010946 ! occipitofrontalis muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010953
name: nasalis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The nasalis (compressor naris) is a sphincter-like muscle of the nose whose function is to compress the nasal cartilage. It consists of two parts, transverse and alar: The transverse part arises from the maxilla, above and lateral to the incisive fossa; its fibers proceed upward and medially, expanding into a thin aponeurosis which is continuous on the bridge of the nose with that of the muscle of the opposite side, and with the aponeurosis of the Procerus. The alar part is attached at one end to the greater alar cartilage, and at the other to the integument at the point of the nose. Other sources divide it into \"Compressor nasalis\" and \"Dilator nasalis\"." [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle]
synonym: "compressor naris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle]
synonym: "compressor narium minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle]
synonym: "compressor nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus nasalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle]
synonym: "nasalis" EXACT [FMA:46770]
xref: FMA:46770
xref: SCTID:244732001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Nasalis.png
is_a: UBERON:0008522  ! nasal muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010954
name: ceratohyoideus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The ceratohyoideus is a muscle of Pharyngeal Arch III that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the glossopharyngeal n. , and attaches to the ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus and also to a non-ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus.[FEED]" [http://www.feedexp.org]
synonym: "ceratohyoideus" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
is_a: UBERON:0000933  ! pharyngeal muscle
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001649 ! glossopharyngeal nerve
property_value: external_definition "The ceratohyoideus is a muscle of Pharyngeal Arch III that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the glossopharyngeal n. , and attaches to the ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus and also to a non-ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010955
name: trapezius pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0002079
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
is_a: UBERON:0006904  ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010956
name: pterygopharyngeal part of superior pharyngeal constrictor
namespace: uberon
synonym: "pars pterygopharyngea (musculus constrictor pharyngis superior)" EXACT [FMA:46638]
synonym: "pterygopharyngeal part of superior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46638]
synonym: "pterygopharyngeus" RELATED []
xref: FMA:46638
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006329 ! superior pharyngeal constrictor

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010958
name: arytenoid muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A single muscle, filling up the posterior concave surfaces of the arytenoid cartilages. It arises from the posterior surface and lateral border of one arytenoid cartilage, and is inserted into the corresponding parts of the opposite cartilage. It consists of oblique and transverse parts." [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle]
comment: todo - check child relationships
synonym: "ArytCB&noideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "aryepiglotticus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "arytaenoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle]
synonym: "arytaenoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle]
xref: UMLS:C1510945
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Musculusarytenoideus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Arytenoid_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0006328  ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003716 ! recurrent laryngeal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010959
name: craniocervical muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle organ that is part of a craniocervical region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle of head and neck" RELATED []
synonym: "muscle of head or neck" EXACT []
xref: UMLS:C0448281
xref: ncithesaurus:Head_and_Neck_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010961
name: erector spinae pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000455
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003897 ! axial muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010962
name: extensor pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000459
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010963
name: trunk and cervical myotome group
namespace: uberon
comment: isa row in EHDAA2
xref: EHDAA2:0003425
is_a: UBERON:0003082  ! myotome
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010970
name: intercostal pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000843
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group
relationship: located_in UBERON:0012198 ! intercostal space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003897 ! axial muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010974
name: external intercostal pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000467
is_a: UBERON:0010970  ! intercostal pre-muscle mass

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010975
name: external oblique pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000470
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 ! body-wall mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002461 ! anterior abdominal wall muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010977
name: flexor pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000543
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010981
name: internal intercostal pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000876
is_a: UBERON:0010970  ! intercostal pre-muscle mass
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010982
name: latissimus dorsi pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000933
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010983
name: levator scapulae pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000993
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010984
name: pectoral pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001423
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010985
name: rhomboid pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001636
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010986
name: serratus anterior pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001833
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003897 ! axial muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010987
name: sterno-mastoid pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001913
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010988
name: teres major pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0002005
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010989
name: transverospinalis pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0002076
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010990
name: transversospinales muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The transversospinal muscles are a group of muscles of the human back. Their combined action is rotation and extension of the vertebral column. They include: semispinalis, spanning 4-6 vertebral segments semispinalis dorsi semispinalis cervicis semispinalis capitis multifidus, spanning 2-4 vertebral segments rotatores, spanning 1-2 vertebral segments rotatores cervicis rotatores thoracis rotatores lumborum" [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles]
synonym: "deep dorsal muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles]
synonym: "musculi transversospinales" RELATED LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles]
synonym: "transverospinalis" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002075]
synonym: "transversospinal group of muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles]
synonym: "transversospinales" RELATED [FMA:71304]
synonym: "transversospinales muscle group" RELATED [FMA:71304]
xref: EHDAA2:0002075
xref: EHDAA:9465
xref: FMA:71304
xref: SCTID:244866002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Gray384.png
is_a: UBERON:0003897  ! axial muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010989 ! transverospinalis pre-muscle mass

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010993
name: subscapularis pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:17750
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 ! trunk and cervical myotome group

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010994
name: coronoid process of ulna
namespace: uberon
def: "The coronoid process is a triangular eminence projecting forward from the upper and front part of the ulna. Its base is continuous with the body of the bone, and of considerable strength. Its apex is pointed, slightly curved upward, and in flexion of the forearm is received into the coronoid fossa of the humerus. Its upper surface is smooth, concave, and forms the lower part of the semilunar notch. Its antero-inferior surface is concave, and marked by a rough impression for the insertion of the Brachialis muscle. At the junction of this surface with the front of the body is a rough eminence, the tuberosity of the ulna, which gives insertion to a part of the Brachialis; to the lateral border of this tuberosity the oblique cord is attached. Its lateral surface presents a narrow, oblong, articular depression, the radial notch. Its medial surface, by its prominent, free margin, serves for the attachment of part of the ulnar collateral ligament. At the front part of this surface is a small rounded eminence for the origin of one head of the Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle; behind the eminence is a depression for part of the origin of the Flexor digitorum profundus muscle; descending from the eminence is a ridge which gives origin to one head of the Pronator teres muscle. Frequently, the Flexor pollicis longus muscle arises from the lower part of the coronoid process by a rounded bundle of muscular fibers." [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna]
synonym: "coronoid process" BROAD [FMA:23616]
synonym: "coronoid process of the ulna" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna]
synonym: "processus coronoideus" EXACT [FMA:23616]
synonym: "processus coronoideus ulnae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna]
synonym: "ulnar coronoid process" EXACT []
xref: FMA:23616
xref: SCTID:181951002
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray212.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006822 ! proximal epiphysis of ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010995
name: deep part of masseter muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "deep layer of masseter" EXACT [FMA:49003]
synonym: "deep part of masseter" EXACT [FMA:49003]
synonym: "masseter, deep" EXACT []
synonym: "masseter, profundus" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "pars profunda (musculus masseter)" EXACT [FMA:49003]
synonym: "pars profunda of masseter muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:49003
xref: SCTID:142309002
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: in_deep_part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0010996
name: articular cartilage of joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A thin layer of cartilage, usually hyaline, on the articular surface of bones in synovial joints." [BTO:0001572]
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
subset: vertebrate_core  ! core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO
synonym: "articular cartilage" EXACT [MA:0000487]
synonym: "cartilago articularis" EXACT [FMA:12264]
synonym: "hyaline cartilage" RELATED [BTO:0001572]
synonym: "joint-associated cartilage" RELATED [AEO:0000179]
xref: AEO:0000179
xref: BTO:0001572
xref: EFO:0001902
xref: FMA:12264
xref: GAID:101
xref: MA:0000487
xref: MESH:A02.165.165
xref: SCTID:305026006
xref: UMLS:C0007303
xref: galen:ArticularCartilage
xref: ncithesaurus:Articular_Cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001994  ! hyaline cartilage tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011002  ! articular cartilage condensation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011002
name: articular cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "articular cartilages" BROAD PLURAL [ZFA:0001644]
xref: TAO:0001670
xref: ZFA:0001644
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011004
name: pharyngeal arch cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage element that is part of a splanchnocranium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch cartilages" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001460]
synonym: "splanchnocranium cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001460]
xref: EFO:0003689
xref: TAO:0001460
xref: ZFA:0001460
is_a: UBERON:0003933  ! cranial cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
intersection_of: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011005
name: endocardium of auricle
namespace: uberon
def: "An endocardium that is part of a atrium auricular region." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note in EHDAA2 this is an epithelium that is part of the endocardium
synonym: "auricle endocardium" EXACT [FMA:13234]
xref: FMA:13234
is_a: UBERON:0002166  ! endocardium of atrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011006
name: endocardium of left auricle
namespace: uberon
def: "An endocardium that is part of a left atrium auricular region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left atrium auricular region endocardium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000277]
synonym: "left auricle endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0001231]
synonym: "left auricle endocardium" EXACT [FMA:13236]
xref: EHDAA2:0000277
xref: FMA:13236
xref: VHOG:0001231
is_a: UBERON:0011005  ! endocardium of auricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006630 ! left atrium auricular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006630 ! left atrium auricular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011007
name: endocardium of right auricle
namespace: uberon
def: "An endocardium that is part of a right atrium auricular region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right auricle endocardium" EXACT [FMA:13235]
xref: EHDAA2:0000292
xref: FMA:13235
is_a: UBERON:0009129  ! right atrium endocardium
is_a: UBERON:0011005  ! endocardium of auricle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006631 ! right atrium auricular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002165  ! endocardium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006631 ! right atrium auricular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011011
name: brachioradialis
namespace: uberon
def: "Brachioradialis is a muscle of the forearm that acts to flex the forearm at the elbow. It is also capable of both pronation and supination, depending on the position of the forearm; for this reason it is also called \"the beer drinker muscle. \" It is attached to the distal styloid process of the radius by way of the brachioradialis tendon, and to the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus." [Wikipedia:Brachioradialis]
synonym: "brachioradialis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachioradialis]
synonym: "musculus brachioradialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachioradialis]
xref: FMA:38485
xref: SCTID:244989009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Brachioradialis.png
is_a: UBERON:0001499  ! muscle of arm
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001492 ! radial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011015
name: iliac fossa
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:75316
xref: SCTID:182341009
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011016
name: pyramidalis
namespace: uberon
def: "The pyramidalis is a small and triangular muscle, anterior to the Rectus abdominis, and contained in the rectus sheath." [Wikipedia:Pyramidalis_muscle]
synonym: "musculus pyramidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pyramidalis_muscle]
synonym: "pyramidalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pyramidalis_muscle]
synonym: "pyramidalis muscle" EXACT [FMA:15568]
xref: FMA:15568
xref: SCTID:244950003
xref: UMLS:C0224374
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray397.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Pyramidalis
is_a: UBERON:0002461  ! anterior abdominal wall muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003699 ! pubic symphysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011017
name: semispinalis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a transversospinalis muscle of the human body." [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_muscle]
synonym: "semispinalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_muscle]
xref: FMA:22823
xref: SCTID:244867006
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011022
name: flexor hallucis brevis
namespace: uberon
def: "The Flexor hallucis brevis arises, by a pointed tendinous process, from the medial part of the under surface of the cuboid bone, from the contiguous portion of the third cuneiform, and from the prolongation of the tendon of the Tibialis posterior which is attached to that bone. It divides in front into two portions, which are inserted into the medial and lateral sides of the base of the first phalanx of the great toe, a sesamoid bone being present in each tendon at its insertion. The medial portion is blended with the Abductor hallucis previous to its insertion; the lateral portion with the Adductor hallucis; the tendon of the Flexor hallucis longus lies in a groove between them; the lateral portion is sometimes described as the first Interosseous plantaris." [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_brevis_muscle]
synonym: "flexor hallucis brevis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_brevis_muscle]
synonym: "m.flexor hallucis brevis" EXACT [FMA:37449]
synonym: "musculus flexor hallucis brevis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_brevis_muscle]
xref: FMA:37449
xref: SCTID:181730007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Musculus_flexor_hallucis_brevis.png
is_a: UBERON:0000366  ! flexor muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001498  ! muscle of pes
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001479 ! sesamoid bone
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011024
name: extrinsic extensor muscle of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "The extrinsic extensor muscles of the hand are located in the back of the forearm and have long tendons connecting them to bones in the hand, where they exert their action." [Wikipedia:Extrinsic_extensor_muscles_of_the_hand]
synonym: "extrinsic extensor muscle of hand" EXACT [Wikipedia:Extrinsic_extensor_muscles_of_the_hand]
is_a: UBERON:0000311  ! extensor muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004254  ! forelimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000311  ! extensor muscle
intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011025
name: aryepiglotticus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The aryepiglotticus is a muscle of the larynx running in the aryepiglottic fold from the arytenoid cartilage to the epiglottis." [Wikipedia:Aryepiglottic_muscle]
synonym: "ary-epiglottic part of oblique arytenoid" EXACT [FMA:46602]
synonym: "aryepiglottic" EXACT []
synonym: "aryepiglottic muscle" EXACT [FMA:46602]
synonym: "aryepiglotticus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Aryepiglottic_muscle]
synonym: "aryepiglottus" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "aryepiglottus muscle" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "musculus aryepiglotticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aryepiglottic_muscle]
synonym: "pars aryepiglottica (musculus arytenoideus obliquus)" EXACT [FMA:46602]
synonym: "pars aryepiglottica musculi arytenoidei obliqui" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aryepiglottic_muscle]
synonym: "pars aryepiglottica musculus arytenoidei obliqui" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:46602
xref: SCTID:244818009
xref: UMLS:C0224177
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Musculusarytenoideus.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Aryepiglottic_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0001568  ! muscle of larynx
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008575 ! oblique arytenoid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011043
name: obturator muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "One of: obturator externus or obturator internus" [Wikipedia:Obturator_muscles]
xref: FMA:19083
xref: SCTID:245024007
xref: UMLS:C0224421
xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0002000  ! gluteal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011048
name: obturator internus
namespace: uberon
def: "The obturator internus muscle originates on the medial surface of the obturator membrane, the ischium near the membrane, and the rim of the pubis. It exits the pelvic cavity through the lesser sciatic foramen. The obturator internus is situated partly within the lesser pelvis, and partly at the back of the hip-joint. It functions to help laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh, as well as to steady the femoral head in the acetabulum." [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle]
comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - \"Originates on the entire lateral surface of the pelvic rim. Dorsal fibers insert distally to the dorso-medial surface of the caput femoris and ventral fibers extend around the acetabulum to insert on the tendon of the caput femoris.\" [AAO:0010052]
synonym: "internal obturator" EXACT [FMA:22298]
synonym: "internus obturator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus obturator internus" EXACT [FMA:22298]
synonym: "musculus obturatorius internus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle]
synonym: "obturator internus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle]
synonym: "obturatorius internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle]
xref: AAO:0010052
xref: FMA:22298
xref: SCTID:245025008
xref: UMLS:C1518529
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Internus_Muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011043  ! obturator muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002503 ! greater trochanter
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002503 ! greater trochanter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle
property_value: external_definition "Originates on the entire lateral surface of the pelvic rim. Dorsal fibers insert distally to the dorso-medial surface of the caput femoris and ventral fibers extend around the acetabulum to insert on the tendon of the caput femoris.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011049
name: uterovesical pouch
namespace: uberon
def: "The peritoneum over the rectum and the bladder is continued over the intestinal surface and fundus of the uterus on to its vesical surface, which it covers as far as the junction of the body and cervix uteri, and then to the bladder, forming here a second, but shallower, pouch, the vesicouterine excavation (or uterovesical pouch). The vesicouterine excavation is close to the anterior fornix of the vagina." [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "excavatio vesico-uterina" EXACT [FMA:14729]
synonym: "excavatio vesicouterina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "excavatio vesiocuterina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "vesico-uterine pouch" EXACT [FMA:14729]
synonym: "vesicouterine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "vesicouterine excavation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch]
synonym: "vesicouterine pouch" EXACT [FMA:14729, Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch]
xref: FMA:14729
xref: SCTID:249806003
xref: UMLS:C1519874
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/WeiblichesBeckenMedian.gif
xref: ncithesaurus:Utero-Vesical_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0000158  ! membranous layer
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011050
name: thoracic vertebra 8
namespace: uberon
synonym: "T8 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9991]
synonym: "eighth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9991]
synonym: "eighth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9991]
xref: EMAPA:19549
xref: FMA:9991
xref: MA:0001445
xref: SCTID:181836007
xref: UMLS:C0459953
xref: ncithesaurus:T8_Vertebra
is_a: UBERON:0002347  ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004632 ! thoracic vertebra 7

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011060
name: perilymphatic channel
namespace: uberon
def: "A channel containing perilymph passing through the temporal bone, connecting the scala tympani of the cochlea to the subarachnoid space." [MESH:A09.246.631.246.280, Wikipedia:Perilymphatic_duct]
comment: Editor notes: relationship to FMA class unclear
synonym: "cochlear aqueduct" RELATED [FMA:77822, MESH:A09.246.631.246.280]
synonym: "ductus perilymphaticus" EXACT [AAO:0000136]
synonym: "perilymphatic duct" RELATED [MESH:A09.246.631.246.280]
synonym: "perilymphatic space" RELATED [MA:0000248]
xref: AAO:0000136
xref: FMA:77822
xref: MA:0000248
xref: SCTID:368950002
xref: ZFA:0005461
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001845 ! perilymph

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011078
name: endolymphatic space
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:77823
xref: SCTID:279856000
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear
property_value: has_relational_adjective "endoymphatic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011079
name: angular bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Dermal bone that is located posterior to the dentary and lateral to the articular and retroarticular bones of the lower jaw. The angular forms the outer dermal sheet of the posterior part of the lower jaw. The angular bears a portion of the mandibular sensory canal. The angular is a paired bone." [TAO:0001669, Wikipedia:Angular_bone]
comment: The angular fuses with the articular bone in clupeocephalans forming the anguloarticular.
synonym: "angular" BROAD [AAO:0000010]
synonym: "postoperculare" RELATED [AAO:0000010]
synonym: "praearticulare" RELATED [AAO:0000010]
xref: AAO:0000010
xref: TAO:0001669
xref: ZFA:0001645
is_a: UBERON:0004768  ! bone of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011085
name: palatoquadrate arch
namespace: uberon
def: "The dorsal portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the upper jaw[ZFIN,VHOG]." [VHOG:0000511, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/153]
synonym: "dorsal mandibular arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000511]
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal arch 1" RELATED [VHOG:0000511]
synonym: "dorsal visceral arch 1" EXACT [VHOG:0000511, ZFA:0001272]
synonym: "palatoquadrate arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000511]
synonym: "upper jaw" RELATED [VHOG:0000511]
synonym: "upper pharyngeal jaw" EXACT [VHOG:0000511, ZFA:0001272]
xref: EFO:0003659
xref: TAO:0001272
xref: VHOG:0000511
xref: ZFA:0001272
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium
property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011087
name: pharyngeal arch 7
namespace: uberon
synonym: "branchial arch 5" RELATED [ZFA:0001610]
synonym: "gill arch 5" EXACT [ZFA:0001610]
synonym: "visceral arch 7" EXACT [ZFA:0001610]
xref: TAO:0001602
xref: ZFA:0001610
is_a: UBERON:0008896  ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch
property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011088
name: ligament of knee joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A ligament that is part of a knee joint." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "knee joint ligament" EXACT [FMA:44580]
xref: FMA:44580
xref: SCTID:182440009
is_a: UBERON:0003577  ! knee connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011090
name: skeleton of right pelvic girdle
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeleton of pelvic girdle that is part of a right pelvic girdle region." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:87593
is_a: UBERON:0007832  ! pelvic girdle skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011092 ! right pelvic girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0007832  ! pelvic girdle skeleton
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011092 ! right pelvic girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011091
name: skeleton of left pelvic girdle
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeleton of pelvic girdle that is part of a left pelvic girdle region." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:87594
is_a: UBERON:0007832  ! pelvic girdle skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011093 ! left pelvic girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0007832  ! pelvic girdle skeleton
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011093 ! left pelvic girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011092
name: right pelvic girdle region
namespace: uberon
def: "A pelvic girdle region that is in the right side of a multi-cellular organism." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "right pelvic girdle" EXACT INCONSISTENT [FMA:16582]
xref: FMA:16582
is_a: UBERON:0001271  ! pelvic girdle region
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0001271  ! pelvic girdle region
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011093
name: left pelvic girdle region
namespace: uberon
def: "A pelvic girdle region that is in the left side of a multi-cellular organism." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "left pelvic girdle" EXACT INCONSISTENT [FMA:16583]
xref: FMA:16583
is_a: UBERON:0001271  ! pelvic girdle region
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0001271  ! pelvic girdle region
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011094
name: vertebra cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that is part of a vertebral column." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: This class is a superclass of individual vertebral cartilage condensations. Note that EHDAA2 represents these as condensation groups
synonym: "vertebral cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000584]
xref: VHOG:0000584
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
is_a: UBERON:0010913  ! vertebral element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011095 ! vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011095
name: vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a vertebral column." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebral pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000582]
xref: VHOG:0000582
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011096
name: lacrimal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The lacrimal nerve is the smallest of the three branches of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_nerve]
xref: FMA:52628
xref: SCTID:280218007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Gray787.png
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000348 ! ophthalmic nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011104
name: epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "fifth metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86330]
synonym: "metacarpal 5 epiphysis" EXACT []
xref: FMA:86330
is_a: UBERON:0004390  ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011106
name: cruciate ligament of atlas
namespace: uberon
def: "a cruciate ligament in the neck forming part of the atlanto-axial joint. It consists of the transverse ligament of the atlas, along with additional fibers above and below." [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament_of_the_dens]
synonym: "cruciate ligament of dens" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament_of_the_dens]
synonym: "cruciform ligament of atlas" EXACT [FMA:25018]
synonym: "cruciform ligament of dens" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament_of_the_dens]
synonym: "ligamentum cruciforme atlantis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament_of_the_dens]
synonym: "triradiate ligament" RELATED [EMAPA:19010]
xref: EMAPA:19010
xref: FMA:25018
xref: SCTID:182362005
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
is_a: UBERON:0003568  ! neck connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004267  ! back connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000220 ! atlanto-occipital joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011107
name: synovial joint of pelvic girdle
namespace: uberon
def: "A synovial joint that is part of a pelvic girdle region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of pelvic girdle" EXACT []
synonym: "pelvic girdle joint" EXACT [FMA:35173]
xref: FMA:35173
xref: UMLS:C0827002
xref: ncithesaurus:Joint_of_the_Pelvic_Girdle
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
is_a: UBERON:0008114  ! joint of girdle
relationship: connects UBERON:0007830 ! pelvic girdle bone/zone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011108
name: synovial joint of pectoral girdle
namespace: uberon
def: "A synovial joint that is part of a pectoral girdle region." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes: in FMA, these are part of the bony pectoral girdle
synonym: "pectoral girdle joint" EXACT [FMA:35243]
xref: FMA:35243
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
is_a: UBERON:0008114  ! joint of girdle
relationship: connects UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011110
name: humeroulnar joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The humeroulnar joint, is part of the elbow-joint or the Olecron Joint, between the ulna and humerus bones is the simple hinge-joint, which allows for movements of flexion, extension and circumduction. The Humero-Ulnar Joint is the junction of trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus. Owing to the obliquity of the trochlea of the humerus, this movement does not take place in the antero-posterior plane of the body of the humerus. When the forearm is extended and supinated, the axis of the arm and forearm are not in the same line; the arm forms an obtuse angle with the forearm. During flexion, however, the forearm and the hand tend to approach the middle line of the body, and thus enable the hand to be easily carried to the face. The accurate adaptation of the trochlea of the humerus, with its prominences and depressions, to the semilunar notch of the ulna, prevents any lateral movement. Flexion is produced by the action of the Biceps brachii and Brachialis, assisted by the Brachioradialis, with a tiny contribution from the muscles arising from the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Extension is produced by the Triceps brachii and AnconC&us, with a tiny contribution from the muscles arising from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, such as the Extensor digitorum communis." [Wikipedia:Humeroulnar_joint]
synonym: "articulatio humeroulnaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "humero-ulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:38854]
xref: FMA:38854
xref: SCTID:303064006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray329.png
is_a: UBERON:0003839  ! forelimb joint
is_a: UBERON:0011139  ! synovial limb joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: connects UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001424 ! ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011111
name: humeroradial joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The humeroradial joint, the joint between the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus, is a hinge joint. The bony surfaces would of themselves constitute an enarthrosis and allow movement in all directions, were it not for the annular ligament, by which the head of the radius is bound to the radial notch of the ulna, and which prevents any separation of the two bones laterally. It is to the same ligament that the head of the radius owes its security from dislocation, which would otherwise tend to occur, from the shallowness of the cup-like surface on the head of the radius. In fact, but for this ligament, the tendon of the Biceps brachii would be liable to pull the head of the radius out of the joint. The head of the radius is not in complete contact with the capitulum of the humerus in all positions of the joint. The capitulum occupies only the anterior and inferior surfaces of the lower end of the humerus, so that in complete extension a part of the radial head can be plainly felt projecting at the back of the articulation. In full flexion the movement of the radial head is hampered by the compression of the surrounding soft parts, so that the freest rotatory movement of the radius on the humerus (pronation and supination) takes place in semiflexion, in which position the two articular surfaces are in most intimate contact. Flexion and extension of the elbow-joint are limited by the tension of the structures on the front and back of the joint; the limitation of flexion is also aided by the soft structures of the arm and forearm coming into contact." [Wikipedia:Humeroradial_joint]
synonym: "articulatio humeroradialis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Humeroradial_joint]
synonym: "humero-radial joint" EXACT []
xref: FMA:38855
xref: SCTID:182171008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray329.png
is_a: UBERON:0003839  ! forelimb joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011112
name: tibiofibular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A joint that connects the tibia and the fibula." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Tibiofibular_joint]
comment: Editor notes: we include location as part of the logical definition to prevent accidental classification of ankle joints as tibiofibular joints
synonym: "fibulatibial joint" EXACT []
synonym: "fibulotibial joint" EXACT []
synonym: "tibiafibular joint" EXACT []
xref: FMA:35181
xref: SCTID:244554002
is_a: UBERON:0002210  ! syndesmosis
is_a: UBERON:0003840  ! hindlimb joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011113
name: inferior tibiofibular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior tibiofibular articulation (tibiofibular syndesmosis) is formed by the rough, convex surface of the medial side of the lower end of the fibula, and a rough concave surface on the lateral side of the tibia. Below, to the extent of about 4 mm. these surfaces are smooth, and covered with cartilage, which is continuous with that of the ankle-joint. The ligaments are: Anterior ligament of the lateral malleolus, Posterior ligament of the lateral malleolus, Inferior transverse ligament of the tibiofibular syndesmosis, Interosseous ligament" [Wikipedia:Inferior_tibiofibular_articulation]
synonym: "distal tibiofibular joint" EXACT [FMA:10465]
synonym: "inferior tibiofibular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_tibiofibular_articulation]
synonym: "syndesmosis tibiofibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "tibiofibular syndesmosis" EXACT [FMA:10465]
xref: FMA:10465
xref: SCTID:182209000
is_a: UBERON:0011112  ! tibiofibular joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: connects UBERON:0004410 ! distal epiphysis of fibula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011117
name: superior tibiofibular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior tibiofibular articulation is an arthrodial joint between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula. The contiguous surfaces of the bones present flat, oval facets covered with cartilage and connected together by an articular capsule and by anterior and posterior ligaments. When the term \"tibiofibular articulation\" is used without a modifier, it refers to the superior, and not the inferior tibiofibular articulation." [Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint]
synonym: "articulatio tibiofibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint]
synonym: "proximal tibiofibular joint" EXACT [FMA:35184, Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint]
synonym: "superior tibiofibular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint]
synonym: "tibiofibular joint" BROAD [Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint]
xref: FMA:35184
xref: SCTID:182208008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Gray347.png/250px-Gray347.png
is_a: UBERON:0011112  ! tibiofibular joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0008775 ! proximal epiphysis of fibula
relationship: connects UBERON:0009985 ! lateral condyle of femur
intersection_of: UBERON:0011112  ! tibiofibular joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0008775 ! proximal epiphysis of fibula
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0009985 ! lateral condyle of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011118
name: tarsometatarsal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The tarsometatarsal articulations are arthrodial joints in the pes. It is also known as the \"Lisfranc joint\". It is named after 18th-19th century surgeon and gynecologist, Jacques Lisfranc de St. Martin." [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations]
synonym: "articulationes tarsometatarsales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations]
synonym: "cuboideometatarsal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations]
synonym: "lisfranc joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations]
synonym: "tarso-metatarsal join" EXACT []
synonym: "tarsometatarsal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations]
synonym: "tarsometatarsal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations]
xref: FMA:35216
xref: SCTID:182222008
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Gray355.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray358.png
is_a: UBERON:0001487  ! joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011119
name: carpometacarpal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The carpometacarpal joints (CMC) are joints in the wrist that articulates the distal row of carpal bones and the proximal bases of the metacarpal bones." [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint]
synonym: "CMJ" BROAD [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint]
synonym: "articulationes carpometacarpeC&" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint]
synonym: "carpometacarpal" BROAD [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint]
synonym: "carpometacarpal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint]
xref: FMA:35287
xref: SCTID:361842002
xref: UMLS:C0224620
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Gray335.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Carpometacarpal_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001489  ! manus joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011120
name: laryngeal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a laryngeal cartilage." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "joint of larynx" EXACT [FMA:55100]
synonym: "laryngeal articulation" EXACT [FMA:55100]
xref: FMA:55100
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001739 ! laryngeal cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001739 ! laryngeal cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011121
name: cricothyroid joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The cricoarytenoid articulation (or joint) is a joint connecting the cricoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage." [Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_articulation]
synonym: "crico-thyroid joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_articulation]
synonym: "cricothyroid articulation" EXACT [FMA:55101]
xref: FMA:55101
xref: SCTID:361944002
xref: UMLS:C0225540
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Larynx_external_en.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Cricothyroid_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0011120  ! laryngeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011122
name: cricoarytenoid joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The cricoarytenoid articulation (or joint) is a joint connecting the cricoid cartilage and the arytenoid cartilage." [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_articulation]
synonym: "crico-arytenoid joint" EXACT [FMA:55102, Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_articulation]
synonym: "cricoarytenoid articulation" EXACT [FMA:55102]
xref: FMA:55102
xref: SCTID:361945001
xref: UMLS:C0225555
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray960.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Cricoarytenoid_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0011120  ! laryngeal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011123
name: stifle joint
namespace: uberon
def: "a complex joint in the hind limbs of quadruped mammals such as the sheep, horse or dog. It is the equivalent joint to the human knee. It is often the largest synovial joint in the body." [Wikipedia:Stifle_joint]
synonym: "femoropatellar joint" RELATED []
xref: MESH:A13.473.683
xref: SCTID:116010006
xref: ncithesaurus:Stifle_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001485  ! knee joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011124
name: xiphisternal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The xiphisternal joint (or xiphisternal synchondrosis) is a location near the bottom of the sternum,  where the body of the sternum and the xiphoid process." [Wikipedia:Xiphisternal_joint]
synonym: "synchondrosis xiphisternalis" EXACT [FMA:7503]
synonym: "xiphisternal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphisternal_joint]
synonym: "xiphisternal synchdrondosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphisternal_joint]
xref: FMA:7503
xref: SCTID:118923007
xref: SCTID:118924001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray116.png
is_a: UBERON:0002216  ! symphysis
relationship: connects UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process
relationship: connects UBERON:0006820 ! body of sternum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006820 ! body of sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011130
name: temporomandibular joint primordium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "temporo-mandibular joint primordium" EXACT [EMAPA:18714]
xref: EMAPA:18714
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 ! petrous part of temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011131
name: intermetacarpal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Synovial joint between the bases of adjacent metacarpals. Examples: intermetacarpal joint of right second and third metacarpal bones, intermetacarpal joint of right fourth and fifth metacarpal bones." [FMA:35288, Wikipedia:Intermetacarpal_articulations]
synonym: "intermetacarpal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intermetacarpal_articulations]
synonym: "intermetacarpal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intermetacarpal_articulations]
xref: FMA:35288
xref: SCTID:303065007
is_a: UBERON:0001489  ! manus joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 {cardinality="2"} ! metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011132
name: intercarpal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The intercarpal articulations (articulations of the carpus) can be subdivided into three sets of articulations: Those of the proximal row of carpal bones, those of the distal row of carpal bones, and those of the two rows with each other." [Wikipedia:Intercarpal_articulations]
synonym: "carpal joint" EXACT [FMA:35292]
synonym: "intercarpal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercarpal_articulations]
synonym: "intercarpal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercarpal_articulations]
synonym: "midcarpal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercarpal_articulations]
xref: FMA:35292
xref: SCTID:182176003
xref: UMLS:C1262468
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Gray336.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Carpal_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001489  ! manus joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001435 {cardinality="2"} ! carpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011133
name: intermetatarsal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A joint that connects two adjacent metatarsals" [Wikipedia:Intermetatarsal_articulations]
comment: In humans: The base of the first metatarsal is not connected with that of the second by any ligaments; in this respect the great toe resembles the thumb[WP]
xref: FMA:35219
xref: SCTID:361868009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray358.png
is_a: UBERON:0001487  ! joint of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 {cardinality="2"} ! metatarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011134
name: nonsynovial joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments or fibrocartilage without an intervening synovial cavity. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, costochondral joint, pubic symphysis." [FMA:7491]
synonym: "solid joint" EXACT [FMA:7491]
xref: FMA:7491
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011135
name: intervertebral cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilage element that lies between two successive vertebral centra." [ISBN10:0073040584]
xref: AAO:0000795
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001075 {cardinality="2"} ! body of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001468 ! intervertebral joint
property_value: external_definition "Block of cartilage, which usually ossifies, that lies between successive vertebral centra.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011136
name: ligament of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "ligament that joins successive centra. Important in controlling the stiffness of the vertebral column when it flexes." [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "intervertebral ligament" BROAD []
synonym: "vertebral column ligament" EXACT [FMA:31892]
xref: FMA:31892
xref: SCTID:244590009
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011137
name: axial skeletal system
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the axial skeleton plus associated joints." [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:7483
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011138
name: post-cranial axial skeletal system
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the post-cranial axial skeleton plus associated joints." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "axial skeletal system" BROAD [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000008]
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000003

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011139
name: synovial limb joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Any synovial joint that is part of a (free) limb." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Most limb joints are synovial, but a few such as the tibiofibular joints are syndesmoses.
synonym: "synovial joint of free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:258776]
xref: FMA:258776
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
is_a: UBERON:0003657  ! limb joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011140
name: superficial part of masseter muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "masseter, superficial" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "pars superficialis (musculus masseter)" EXACT [FMA:49000]
synonym: "pars superficialis of masseter muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "superficial layer of masseter" EXACT [FMA:49000]
synonym: "superficial part of masseter" EXACT [FMA:49000]
xref: FMA:49000
xref: SCTID:142208007
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: in_superficial_part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle
property_value: external_definition "The superficial masseter is a separable part of the masseter muscle, is superficial to all other masseter muscle parts, and attaches to the mandibular angle.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011141
name: appendicular ossicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Ossicle that is part of the appendicular skeleton." [VSAO:0000131]
comment: Examples of appendicular ossicles include the patella and meniscus of the knee joint.
synonym: "ossicle of appendicular skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
xref: VSAO:0000131
xref: XAO:0004194
is_a: UBERON:0010911  ! ossicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0010911  ! ossicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011142
name: axial ossicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Ossicle that is part of the axial skeleton." [VSAO:0000133]
comment: Examples of axial ossicles include the ossified tendons adjacent to the neural spines of the vertebral column.
synonym: "ossicle of axial skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ossicle of postcranial-axial skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vertebral ossicle" RELATED [OBOL:automatic]
xref: VSAO:0000133
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010911  ! ossicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0010911  ! ossicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011143
name: upper urinary tract
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the kidney and the ureters." [FMA:45658]
xref: FMA:45658
xref: SCTID:181413006
xref: galen:UpperUrinaryTract
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011144
name: adductor muscle of hip
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Adductor_muscles_of_the_hip]
synonym: "adductor group (leg)" EXACT [MA:0002267]
synonym: "muscle of adductor group" RELATED []
xref: BTO:0000030
xref: MA:0002267
xref: SCTID:181670005
xref: SCTID:368101007
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0010890  ! pelvic complex muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011145  ! adductor muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001272 ! innominate bone
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0005465 ! obturator nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011145
name: adductor muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle capable of adduction. Adduction is a movement which brings a part of the anatomy closer to the middle sagittal plane of the body. It is opposed to abduction." [Wikipedia:Adduction, Wikipedia:Adductor_muscle]
comment: we place the TAO class here even though it is a cranial muscle; it is defined functionally
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
synonym: "adductor" RELATED []
xref: FMA:74998
xref: TAO:0002136
xref: ZFA:0005268
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass cranial muscle (TAO:0001953)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "A muscle that brings a body part closer to the sagittal plane of the body.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011148
name: submucosal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Gland of the lamina epithelialis mucosae which perforate the lamina muscularis, with their adenomeres located in the submucosal connective tissue." [BTO:0003751, Wikipedia:Submucosal_glands]
xref: BTO:0003751
is_a: UBERON:0000414  ! mucous gland
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa
intersection_of: UBERON:0000414  ! mucous gland
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011149
name: Marshall's gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A paired hollow organ in the genito-urinary apparatus of Raja (and probably other skates and rays) whose cavity is fluid filled." [http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/Complete%20Dictionary.htm]
synonym: "alkaline gland" RELATED [BTO:0001661]
xref: BTO:0001661
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011150
name: pharyngeal arch derived gill
namespace: uberon
subset: uberon_slim  ! Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms
synonym: "branchia" RELATED [BTO:0000518]
synonym: "gills" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001214]
xref: AAO:0010171
xref: BTO:0000518
xref: EFO:0000933
xref: GAID:1218
xref: MAT:0000134
xref: MIAA:0000134
xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi9dZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
xref: TAO:0000354
xref: UMLS:C0017558
xref: VHOG:0001214
xref: XAO:0000120
xref: ZFA:0000354
xref: ncithesaurus:Gill
is_a: UBERON:0002535  ! gill
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008894 ! gill precursor
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of a series of membranes which allow dissolved oxygen from the water to pass into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to pass out of the bloodstream.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The respiratory organ of most aquatic animals that breathe water to obtain oxygen, consisting of a filamentous structure of vascular membranes across which dissolved gases are exchanged. [Free_Online_Dictionary]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Gill slits in the pharyngeal region of the intestine, which are also present in (at least) tunicates and acranians, are taken over to the craniote ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011151
name: jaw depressor muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle whose action is to depress the lower jaw." [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436]
comment: Taxon notes: In amphibians, \"Muscle that pulls the hyoid apparatus forward and depresses the lower jaw.\" [AAO:0010655]. \"The protractor hyoideus muscle in teleosts is commonly, albeit mistakenly, referred to as the geniohyoideus muscle, which is involved in the coracomandibularis coupling. According to Edgeworth (1935) and Winterbottom (1974), the protractor hyoideus is composed of a fusion of the intermandibularis posterior and the interhyoideus muscles which resulted in the protractor hyoideus which spans the hyoid and mandible. The intermandibularis spans the mandible while the closely apposed interhyoideus spans the hyoid in other fishes. Furthermore, they concluded that any muscle that is homologous to the geniohyoideus (coracomandibularis coupling) in other lower vertebrates has been lost in teleosts, as well as gars. However, the protractor hyoideus muscle is functionally analogous to the coracomandibularis coupling of other vertebrates and so we use it in our discussion to show the phylogenetically broad roles of these couplings in jaw mechanics.\"[doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436]
synonym: "branchiomandibularis" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436]
synonym: "coracomandibularis" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436]
synonym: "depressor gnathalis" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436]
synonym: "geniohyoideus" NARROW SENSU [TAO:0000612, doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436]
synonym: "geniohyoideus muscle" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436]
synonym: "geniothoracis" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436]
synonym: "protractor hyoidei" NARROW PLURAL [TAO:0000612]
synonym: "protractor hyoideus" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436]
xref: AAO:0010655
xref: TAO:0000612
xref: XAO:0004127
is_a: UBERON:0005493  ! hyoid muscle
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "Source: Winterbottom, R. 1973. A Descriptive Synonymy of the Striated Muscles of the Teleostei. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Vol. 125 (1973), pp. 225-317.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Muscle located on ventral side of the head, linking the ventral hyoid arch to the dentary. Innervated by ramus mandibularis V and ramus hyoides VII.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Muscle that pulls the hyoid apparatus forward and depresses the lower jaw.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011152
name: dorsal hyoid arch skeleton
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal hyoid arch" EXACT [ZFA:0001401]
synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal arch 2 skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal visceral arch 2" EXACT [ZFA:0001401]
xref: AAO:0010371
xref: TAO:0001401
xref: XAO:0003178
xref: ZFA:0001401
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005884 ! hyoid arch skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011153
name: ventral hyoid arch skeleton
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral hyoid arch" EXACT [ZFA:0001402]
synonym: "ventral pharyngeal arch 2 skeleton" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral visceral arch 2" EXACT [ZFA:0001402]
xref: AAO:0010372
xref: EFO:0003684
xref: TAO:0001402
xref: XAO:0003179
xref: ZFA:0001402
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005884 ! hyoid arch skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011154
name: gular region
namespace: uberon
def: "Surface structure that extends from the chin covering pharynx and larynx." []
xref: TAO:0002286
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region
property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is the region between the chin and the isthmus.  (from http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/introduction.htm).[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011156
name: facial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of skull that consists of the facial bones." [MP:0005274, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton, http://www.bartleby.com/107/37.html]
synonym: "facial bone" RELATED [MA:0000318]
synonym: "facial skeleton" EXACT [FMA:53673]
synonym: "ossa facialia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton]
synonym: "ossa faciei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton]
synonym: "viscerocranium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MA:0000318]
xref: EHDAA2:0002206
xref: EHDAA:8361
xref: EMAPA:18022
xref: FMA:53673
xref: MA:0000318
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011158  ! primary subdivision of skull
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011157
name: cuneiform cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The cuneiform cartilages of the larynx are two small, elongated pieces of yellow elastic cartilage, placed one on either side, in the aryepiglottic fold, where they give rise to small whitish elevations on the surface of the mucous membrane, just in front of the arytenoid cartilages." [Wikipedia:Cuneiform_cartilages]
comment: AAO def: \"Independent cartilage that may occur dorsal or anterior to the prominentiae apicales dorsales of the arytenoid cartilages.\"
synonym: "Wrisbergi cartilage" EXACT [AAO:0000690]
synonym: "cartilage of Morgagni" EXACT [FMA:55111]
synonym: "cartilage of Wrisberg" EXACT [FMA:55111]
synonym: "cartilagines cuneiformes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cuneiform_cartilages]
synonym: "cartilago apicalis intermedia" RELATED [AAO:0000690]
synonym: "cartilago apicalis seu cartilago Santoriniana" RELATED [AAO:0000690]
xref: AAO:0000690
xref: FMA:55111
xref: SCTID:264456009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Gray956.png
is_a: UBERON:0001739  ! laryngeal cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0001996  ! elastic cartilage tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003406  ! cartilage of respiratory system
is_a: UBERON:0003583  ! larynx connective tissue
property_value: external_definition "Independent cartilage that may occur dorsal or anterior to the prominentiae apicales dorsales of the arytenoid cartilages.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011158
name: primary subdivision of skull
namespace: uberon
def: "The skull can be divided into two: the neurocranium and the facial skeleton" []
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
synonym: "skull subdivision" EXACT [FMA:54964]
synonym: "subdivision of skull" EXACT [FMA:54964]
xref: FMA:54964
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011159
name: primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system
namespace: uberon
subset: non_informative  ! abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011160
name: nasal suture
namespace: uberon
def: "a suture joining a nasal bone to another bone." []
xref: SCTID:368992007
is_a: UBERON:0009199  ! facial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0009199  ! facial suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011161
name: spheno-occipital synchondrosis
namespace: uberon
def: "the cartilaginous junction between the basisphenoid and basioccipital bones of the mammalian skull that in humans is usually closed by the age of 25" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/spheno-occipital%20synchondrosis]
xref: FMA:54818
xref: SCTID:140895003
is_a: UBERON:0001725  ! cranial synchondrosis
relationship: connects UBERON:0001692 ! basioccipital bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0006428 ! basisphenoid bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001725  ! cranial synchondrosis
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001692 ! basioccipital bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006428 ! basisphenoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011162
name: supraoccipital cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a supraoccipital bone." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "non-squamous part of supraoccipital bone" RELATED [EMAPA:18341]
synonym: "supra-occipital cartilage condensation" EXACT []
synonym: "supraoccipital cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:18341]
xref: EMAPA:18341
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011163 ! supraoccipital pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004747 ! supraoccipital bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0004747 ! supraoccipital bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011163
name: supraoccipital pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a supraoccipital bone." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "supra-occipital pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001963]
xref: EHDAA2:0001963
xref: EHDAA:9534
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009617 ! head paraxial mesoderm
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004747 ! supraoccipital bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0004747 ! supraoccipital bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011164
name: neurocranium bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a neurocranium [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "chondrocranium bone" EXACT [MA:0001478]
xref: MA:0001478
xref: SCTID:120229002
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004766  ! cranial bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011165
name: crico-esophageal tendon
namespace: uberon
def: "Longitudinal fibers of the esophagus that attaches to the posterior aspect of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=90131]
synonym: "Gillette suspensory ligament" RELATED [http://www.medilexicon.com/]
synonym: "crico-oesophageal tendon" EXACT []
synonym: "cricoesophageal tendon" EXACT []
synonym: "suspensory ligament of esophagus" RELATED [http://www.medilexicon.com/]
synonym: "tendo cricoesophageus" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/]
xref: FMA:76887
xref: SCTID:322841005
xref: UMLS:C0227182
xref: ncithesaurus:Cricoesophageal_Tendon
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011166
name: patellofemoral joint
namespace: uberon
synonym: "femorapatellar joint" EXACT []
synonym: "femoropatellar joint" EXACT []
synonym: "patello femoral joint" EXACT [galen:PatelloFemoralJoint]
xref: FMA:43574
xref: SCTID:182202009
xref: galen:PatelloFemoralJoint
is_a: UBERON:0003840  ! hindlimb joint
is_a: UBERON:0011139  ! synovial limb joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011167
name: septomaxilla bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired, intramembranous bones located within the nasal capsules and embedded in the nasal cartilages; it is pierced by the ductus nasolacrimalis." [AAO:0000556]
comment: A small dermal bone of the facial series that is often absent; when present it is usually sunken beneath the surface bones and aids in forming the nasal cavity
synonym: "internasale" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "intranasal" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "lacrimale" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "le cornet" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "nariale" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "nasale" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "os internasale" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "os nariale" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "septomaxilla" EXACT [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "septomaxillary" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
synonym: "turbinale" RELATED [AAO:0000556]
xref: AAO:0000556
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006813 ! nasal skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011168
name: postfrontal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "a bone behind and above the orbit of which it commonly forms part of the border that is present in many vertebrates and corresponds to the postorbital process of the frontal bone of various birds and mammals " [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/postfrontal]
synonym: "postfrontal" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8570

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011169
name: postorbital bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The postorbital is one of the bones in vertebrate skulls which forms a portion of the dermal skull roof and, sometimes, a ring about the orbit. Generally, it is located behind the postfrontal and posteriorly to the orbital fenestra. In some vertebrates, the postorbital is fused with the postfrontal to create a postorbitofrontal." [Wikipedia:Postorbital_bone]
synonym: "postorbital" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011171
name: jaw joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal joint that articulates bones of upper and lower jaw." [UBERON:cjm, http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evograms_05]
comment: Some synapsids retained two pairs of jaw joints - quadrate-articular and tempero-mandibular, but this unusual paired condition did not last long[http://evolution.berkeley.edu]
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
relationship: connects UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011172
name: retrorubral area
namespace: uberon
def: "The term retrorubral area refers to a region of the rat brain caudal to the red nucleus and caudal and dorsal to the ventral tegmental area identified by Nissl stain in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Hof-2000; Paxinos-2001 ). It is one of three parts of the midbrain reticular nucleus; the other two are the magnocellular part of the midbrain reticular nucleus and the parvicellular part of the midbrain reticular nucleus ( Swanson-2004 ). Some authors restrict its definition to the part of the retrorubral area where dopaminergic cells of the A8 cell group are prominent" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1049]
synonym: "A8" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090301]
synonym: "midbrain reticular nucleus, retrorubral area" EXACT [ABA:RR]
synonym: "retrorubal field" BROAD [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/]
xref: ABA:RR
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090301
is_a: UBERON:0002635  ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007415 ! nucleus of midbrain reticular formation

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011173
name: anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "The term anterior nuclei of stria terminalis refers to one of two divisions of the nuclei of stria terminalis based on topology, connectivity and multiple stains in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Dong-2004 ). The other division consists of the posterior nuclei of stria terminalis. The anterior division includes the anterolateral area of stria terminalis, anteromedial area of stria terminalis, oval nucleus of stria terminalis, juxtacapsular nucleus of stria terminalis, rhomboid nucleus of stria terminalis, dorsomedial nucleus of stria terminalis, fusiform nucleus of stria terminalis, ventral nucleus of stria terminalis, and the magnocellular nucleus of stria terminalis" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2753]
synonym: "anterior division" BROAD [MA:0000926]
synonym: "anterior nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu]
synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division" EXACT [ABA:BSTa]
xref: ABA:BSTa
xref: MA:0000926
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001880 ! bed nucleus of stria terminalis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011175
name: fusiform nucleus of stria terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3218]
synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division, fusiform nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTfu]
synonym: "fusiform nucleus" BROAD [MA:0000927]
xref: ABA:BSTfu
xref: MA:0000927
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011173 ! anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011176
name: oval nucleus of stria terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3214]
synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division, oval nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTov]
synonym: "oval nucleus" EXACT [MA:0000929]
xref: ABA:BSTov
xref: MA:0000929
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011173 ! anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011177
name: posterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "The term posterior nuclei of stria terminalis refers to one of two divisions of the nuclei of stria terminalis based on topology, connectivity and multiple stains in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Dong-2004 ). The other division consists of the anterior nuclei of stria terminalis. The posterior division includes the principal nucleus of stria terminalis, interfascicular nucleus of stria terminalis, transverse nucleus of stria terminalis, premedullary nucleus of stria terminalis, dorsal nucleus of stria terminalis, the strial extension of stria terminalis, and the cell sparse zone of stria terminalis." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/CentralDirectory.aspx?ID=2754]
synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, posterior division" EXACT [ABA:BSTp]
synonym: "posterior division" BROAD [MA:0000930]
synonym: "posterior nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu]
xref: ABA:BSTp
xref: MA:0000930
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001880 ! bed nucleus of stria terminalis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011178
name: principal nucleus of stria terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3221]
synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, posterior division, principal nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTpr]
synonym: "principal nucleus" BROAD [MA:0000931]
xref: ABA:BSTpr
xref: MA:0000931
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011177 ! posterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011179
name: transverse nucleus of stria terminalis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3223]
synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, posterior division, transverse nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTtr]
synonym: "transverse nucleus" BROAD [MA:0000932]
xref: ABA:BSTtr
xref: MA:0000932
is_a: UBERON:0009663  ! telencephalic nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011177 ! posterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011183
name: corpus spongiosum of penis
namespace: uberon
def: "Corpus spongiosum (also known as corpus cavernosum urethrae in older texts) is the mass of spongy tissue surrounding the male urethra within the penis." [Wikipedia:Corpus_spongiosum_penis]
comment: Function notes: The function of the corpus spongiosum in erection is to prevent the urethra from pinching closed, thereby maintaining the urethra as a viable channel for ejaculation. To do this, the corpus spongiosum remains pliable during erection while the corpora cavernosum penis becomes engorged with blood.[WP]
synonym: "corpus cavernosum urethra" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Corpus_spongiosum_penis]
synonym: "corpus cavernosum urethrae" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Corpus_spongiosum_penis]
synonym: "corpus spongiosum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Corpus_spongiosum_penis]
synonym: "spongiose body of penis" EXACT [FMA:19617]
xref: EMAPA:29850
xref: EMAPA:29856
xref: FMA:19617
xref: SCTID:279712008
xref: UMLS:C1522442
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray1155.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Corpus_Spongiosum
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0008324  ! erectile tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011184
name: epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a crypt of Lieberkuhn." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note that FMA has classes for subdivisions of this epithelium
synonym: "crypt epithelium" BROAD []
synonym: "intestinal crypt epithelium" EXACT []
xref: UMLS:C2826787
xref: ncithesaurus:Crypt_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0001277  ! intestinal epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001983 ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001983 ! crypt of Lieberkuhn

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011185
name: gastrointestinal sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "A sphincter muscle that is part of the gastrointestinal system" [OBOL:automatic]
xref: UMLS:C1517464
xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_Sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011186
name: Krause's gland
namespace: uberon
def: "small, mucous accessory lacrimal glands that are found underneath the eyelid where the upper and lower conjuctivae meet. Their ducts unite into a rather long sinus which open into the fornix conjunctiva. There are approximately forty Krause glands in the region of the upper eyelid, and around 6 to 8 in the region of the lower lid. The function of these glands are to produce tears which are secreted onto the surface of the conjuctiva" [Wikipedia:Krause's_glands]
synonym: "Krause gland" EXACT [FMA:59056]
synonym: "accessory lacrimal gland" BROAD [FMA:59056]
synonym: "conjunctival gland" BROAD [FMA:59056]
xref: FMA:59056
xref: SCTID:23492003
xref: SCTID:278359007
xref: UMLS:C1306642
xref: ncithesaurus:Gland_of_Krause
is_a: UBERON:0013226  ! accessory lacrimal gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001351 ! lacrimal sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011187
name: greater tubercle of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "The greater tubercle of the humerus is situated lateral to the head of the humerus and posteriolateral to the lesser tubercle. Its upper surface is rounded and marked by three flat impressions. the highest of these gives (\"superior facet\") insertion to the Supraspinatus the middle (\"middle facet\") to the Infraspinatus. the lowest one (\"inferior facet\"), and the body of the bone for about 2.5 cm. below it, to the Teres minor. The lateral surface of the greater tubercle is convex, rough, and continuous with the lateral surface of the body. Between the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle is the intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)." [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle]
synonym: "greater tubercle" EXACT [FMA:23390]
synonym: "greater tubercle of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle]
synonym: "greater tuberosity" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle]
synonym: "greater tuberosity of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23390]
synonym: "tuberculum majus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "tuberculum majus humeri" EXACT [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle]
xref: FMA:23390
xref: SCTID:181934009
xref: UMLS:C1512275
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Gray326.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Greater_Tuberosity
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004411 ! proximal epiphysis of humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011188
name: lesser tubercle of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "The lesser tubercle of the humerus, although smaller, is more prominent than the greater tubercle: it is situated in front, and is directed medially and anteriorly. Above and in front it presents an impression for the insertion of the tendon of the Subscapularis." [Wikipedia:Lesser_tubercle]
synonym: "lesser tubercle" EXACT [FMA:23393]
synonym: "lesser tubercle of humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lesser_tubercle]
synonym: "lesser tubercle of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lesser_tubercle]
synonym: "lesser tuberosity of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23393]
synonym: "tuberculum minus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:23393
xref: SCTID:181935005
xref: UMLS:C0223687
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Tuberculumminushumeri.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Tuberosity
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004411 ! proximal epiphysis of humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011189
name: lamina propria of large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A lamina propria that is part of a large intestine." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lamina propria of mucosa of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:15654]
synonym: "large intestinal lamina propria" EXACT []
synonym: "large intestine lamina propria" EXACT [FMA:15654]
xref: FMA:15654
xref: UMLS:C1708644
xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Lamina_Propria
is_a: UBERON:0004780  ! gastrointestinal system lamina propria
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000030  ! lamina propria
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011190
name: lunule of nail
namespace: uberon
def: "A crescent-shaped whitish area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail. The lunula is the visible part of the nail matrix (i.e. the root of the nail)." [Wikipedia:unula_(anatomy)]
synonym: "lunula" EXACT []
synonym: "nail lunule" EXACT [FMA:77858]
xref: FMA:77858
xref: SCTID:300538005
xref: UMLS:C0221991
xref: ncithesaurus:Lunula
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011191
name: ophthalmic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "Ophthalmic veins are veins which drain the eye. More specifically, they can refer to: Superior ophthalmic vein Inferior ophthalmic vein" [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_veins]
synonym: "opthalmic vein" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004113]
synonym: "vena ophthalmica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_veins]
xref: EHDAA2:0004113
xref: EMAPA:19313
xref: XAO:0004169
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray572.png
is_a: UBERON:0009141  ! craniocervical region vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011192
name: superior ophthalmic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior ophthalmic vein begins at the inner angle of the orbit in a vein named the nasofrontal which communicates anteriorly with the angular vein; it pursues the same course as the ophthalmic artery, and receives tributaries corresponding to the branches of that vessel. Forming a short single trunk, it passes between the two heads of the Rectus lateralis and through the medial part of the superior orbital fissure, and ends in the cavernous sinus. The ethmoidal veins drain into the superior ophthalmic vein. Vorticose veins also drain into the superior ophthalmic vein." [Wikipedia:Superior_ophthalmic_vein]
synonym: "anterior ethmoidal vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_ophthalmic_vein]
synonym: "posterior ethmoidal vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_ophthalmic_vein]
synonym: "superior ophthalmic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_ophthalmic_vein]
synonym: "superior opthalmic vein" RELATED []
xref: FMA:51246
xref: SCTID:149481004
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray572.png
is_a: UBERON:0011191  ! ophthalmic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011193
name: inferior ophthalmic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior ophthalmic vein begins in a venous net-work at the forepart of the floor and medial wall of the orbit; it receives some vorticose veins and other veins from the Rectus inferior, Obliquus inferior, lacrimal sac and eyelids, runs backward in the lower part of the orbit and divides into two branches. One of these passes through the inferior orbital fissure and joins the pterygoid venous plexus, while the other enters the cranium through the superior orbital fissure and ends in the cavernous sinus, either by a separate opening, or more frequently in common with the superior ophthalmic vein." [Wikipedia:Inferior_ophthalmic_vein]
synonym: "inferior ophthalmic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_ophthalmic_vein]
synonym: "inferior opthalmic vein" RELATED []
xref: FMA:51247
xref: SCTID:149986001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray572.png
is_a: UBERON:0011191  ! ophthalmic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011194
name: ophthalmic plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "An autonomic plexus, entering the orbit in company with the ophthalmic artery, derived from the internal carotid plexus." [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/define/ophthalmic%20plexus]
synonym: "ophthalmic nerve plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "ophthalmic plexus" EXACT [MA:0002185]
synonym: "opthalmic plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "plexus ophthalmicus" EXACT LATIN []
xref: MA:0002185
xref: UMLS:C1709326
xref: ncithesaurus:Ophthalmic_Plexus
is_a: UBERON:0001810  ! nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011195
name: inferior parathyroid epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a inferior parathyroid gland." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0000824
xref: EHDAA:3868
is_a: UBERON:0011197  ! parathyroid epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010025 ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 3
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006755 ! inferior parathyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006755 ! inferior parathyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011196
name: superior parathyroid epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a superior parathyroid gland." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0001957
xref: EHDAA:3874
is_a: UBERON:0011197  ! parathyroid epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007125 ! pharyngeal pouch 4
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006749 ! superior parathyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006749 ! superior parathyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011197
name: parathyroid epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a parathyroid gland." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: CALOHA:TS-2141
xref: UMLS:C1709466
xref: ncithesaurus:Parathyroid_Gland_Epithelial_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000486  ! multilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011198
name: muscle layer of large intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle layer that is part of a large intestine." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscular coat of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:14971]
synonym: "muscular layer of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:14971]
synonym: "muscularis externa of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:14971]
synonym: "tunica muscularis intestini crassi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:14971
xref: UMLS:C0734205
xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Muscular_Coat
is_a: UBERON:0012367  ! muscle layer of intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011200
name: sacrococcygeal symphysis
namespace: uberon
def: "The sacrococcygeal symphysis (sacrococcygeal articulation, articulation of the sacrum and coccyx) is an amphiarthrodial joint, formed between the oval surface at the apex of the sacrum, and the base of the coccyx. It is a slightly moveable joint which is frequently, partially or completely, obliterated in old age, homologous with the joints between the bodies of the vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Sacrococcygeal_symphysis]
synonym: "sacrococcygeal joint" EXACT [FMA:16210, Wikipedia:Sacrococcygeal_symphysis]
xref: FMA:16210
xref: UMLS:C0224593
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Gray320.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Sacrococcygeal_Joint
is_a: UBERON:0001468  ! intervertebral joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx
relationship: connects UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011201
name: muscle layer of small intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle layer that is part of a small intestine." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscular coat of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14932]
synonym: "muscular layer of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14932]
synonym: "muscularis externa of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14932]
synonym: "small intestine muscularis propria" EXACT [FMA:14932]
synonym: "tunica muscularis (intestinum tenue)" EXACT [FMA:14932]
synonym: "tunica muscularis intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:14932
xref: SCTID:362145004
xref: UMLS:C0227269
xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Muscular_Coat
is_a: UBERON:0012367  ! muscle layer of intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011202
name: urachus epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a urachus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004725
xref: UMLS:C1711256
xref: ncithesaurus:Urachal_Epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011203
name: urachus mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a urachus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004726
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007524  ! dense mesenchyme tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011204
name: rectovesical pouch
namespace: uberon
def: "Between the rectum and the bladder the peritoneal cavity forms, in the male, a pouch, the rectovesical excavation (or rectovesical pouch), the bottom of which is slightly below the level of the upper ends of the vesiculae seminalesbi. e. , about 7.5 cm. from the orifice of the anus. its lowest part membranous partition called Rectoprostatic fascia. The corresponding structure in women is the rectouterine pouch." [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch]
synonym: "excavatio rectovesicalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch]
synonym: "recto-vesical pouch" EXACT [FMA:14727]
synonym: "rectovesical" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch]
synonym: "rectovesical excavation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch]
synonym: "rectovesical pouch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch]
synonym: "rectovesical space" EXACT [FMA:14727]
synonym: "retrovesical excavation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch]
xref: FMA:14727
xref: SCTID:261416006
xref: UMLS:C0230301
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Gray1228.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Recto-Vesical_Pouch
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011205
name: carpometacarpus
namespace: uberon
def: "The carpometacarpus is the fusion of the carpal and metacarpal bone, essentially a single fused bone between the wrist and the knuckles. It is a smallish bone in most birds, generally flattened and with a large hole in the middle. In flightless birds, however, its shape may be slightly different, or it might be absent entirely." [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpus]
synonym: "carpometacarpus bone" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0005897  ! manus bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011206
name: hinge joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A joint that allows motion around an axis." [BTO:0004707, Wikipedia:Hinge_joint]
synonym: "ginglymus" RELATED [BTO:0004707]
xref: BTO:0004707
xref: SCTID:335391000
xref: galen:HingeJoint
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Gelenke_Zeichnung01.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011207
name: iliocostalis lumborum
namespace: uberon
def: "The iliocostalis lumborum (iliocostalis muscle; sacrolumbalis muscle) is inserted, by six or seven flattened tendons, into the inferior borders of the angles of the lower six or seven ribs." [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis#Iliocostalis_lumborum]
synonym: "sacrolumbalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
synonym: "sacrolumbalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis]
xref: FMA:22702
xref: SCTID:244855009
is_a: UBERON:0002251  ! iliocostalis muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011208
name: medial migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial migration pathway" RELATED []
synonym: "medial migration pathway mesenchyme" EXACT [ZFA:0000786]
xref: EHDAA2:0001075
xref: EHDAA:1747
xref: EMAPA:16597
xref: TAO:0000786
xref: ZFA:0000786
is_a: UBERON:0011210  ! migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011209
name: lateral migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral migration pathway" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral migration pathway mesenchyme" EXACT [ZFA:0000992]
xref: EHDAA2:0000915
xref: EHDAA:1745
xref: EMAPA:16596
xref: TAO:0000992
xref: ZFA:0000992
is_a: UBERON:0011210  ! migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011210
name: migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
synonym: "NC migration pathway" RELATED []
synonym: "migration pathway mesenchyme" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0007214  ! mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0007530  ! migrating mesenchyme population
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007214 ! mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007214 ! mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011213
name: root of vagus nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A root of cranial nerve that is part of a vagus nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: FMA distinguishes between roots and rootlets - we mix the two here
synonym: "rX" BROAD [ZFA:0007011]
synonym: "rootlet of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6213]
synonym: "vagal root" EXACT [ZFA:0007011]
synonym: "vagus nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1456]
synonym: "vagus neural rootlet" RELATED [FMA:6213]
synonym: "vagus root" EXACT [ZFA:0007011]
xref: FMA:6213
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1456
xref: ZFA:0007011
is_a: UBERON:0004732  ! segmental subdivision of nervous system
is_a: UBERON:0006843  ! root of cranial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
intersection_of: UBERON:0006843  ! root of cranial nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011214
name: nucleus of midbrain tectum
namespace: uberon
def: "A neural nucleus that is part of a midbrain tectum." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nucleus of tectum" EXACT [FMA:258766]
synonym: "tectal nucleus" BROAD []
xref: FMA:258766
is_a: UBERON:0002966  ! regional part of midbrain tectum
is_a: UBERON:0009661  ! midbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000125  ! neural nucleus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011215
name: cell part cluster of neuraxis
namespace: uberon
def: "A multi cell component structure that is part of a central nervous system." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "neuraxis layer" EXACT [FMA:83143]
xref: FMA:83143
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005162  ! multi cell component structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0005162  ! multi cell component structure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011216
name: organ system subdivision
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure, which consists of a specific set of the members of (predominantly) one organ or organ part subclass interconnected by zones of continuity or body substances; is demarcated from other subdivisions of the same organ system by one or more zones of continuity or anatomical lines; together with other subdivisions of the same organ system, it constitutes an organ system. Examples: rib cage, facial skeleton, portal system, central nervous system, upper respiratory tract, muscle group of back." [FMA:67509]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
xref: FBbt:00007330
xref: FMA:67509
xref: SCTID:91690000
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011217
name: serratus posterior
namespace: uberon
synonym: "serratus posterior muscle" EXACT [FMA:13400]
xref: FMA:13400
xref: SCTID:244934006
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0003727 ! intercostal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011219
name: longissimus lumborum muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Lumbar muscle that extends and rotates the vertebral column." [BTO:0001925]
synonym: "longissimus lumborum" EXACT [MA:0002338]
synonym: "musculus longissimus lumborum" RELATED [BTO:0001925]
xref: BTO:0001925
xref: MA:0002338
xref: UMLS:C1708736
xref: ncithesaurus:Longissimus_Lumborum
is_a: UBERON:0000392  ! longissimus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011220
name: mastoid process of temporal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The mastoid process is a conical prominence projecting from the undersurface of the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. It is located just behind the external acoustic meatus, and lateral to the styloid process. Its size and form vary somewhat; it is larger in the male than in the female. This process serves for the attachment of the posterior belly of the digastric, sternocleidomastoid, splenius capitis, and longissimus capitis muscles. The word is derived from the Greek 'masto-', alluding to its resemblance to the breast." [Wikipedia:Mastoid_process]
synonym: "mastoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mastoid_process]
synonym: "mastoid process" EXACT [FMA:52872]
synonym: "mastoid process of skull" EXACT []
synonym: "processus mastoideus ossis temporalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mastoid_process]
xref: FMA:52872
xref: SCTID:304336002
xref: UMLS:C0446908
xref: ncithesaurus:Mastoid_Process
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011221
name: ora serrata of retina
namespace: uberon
def: "The ora serrata is the serrated junction between the retina and the ciliary body. This junction marks the transition from the simple non-photosensitive area of the retina to the complex, multi-layered photosensitive region. In animals in which the region does not have a serrated appearance, it is called the ora ciliaris retinae." [Wikipedia:Ora_serrata]
synonym: "ora ciliaris retina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ora_serrata]
synonym: "ora ciliaris retinae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ora_serrata]
synonym: "ora serrata" EXACT [FMA:58600]
synonym: "ora serrata retinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:58600
xref: SCTID:280612002
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
relationship: connects UBERON:0000966 ! retina
relationship: connects UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001766 ! anterior chamber of eyeball

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011222
name: intra-ocular muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intrinsic muscle of eyeball" EXACT []
synonym: "intrinsic ocular muscle" EXACT [EMAPA:18808]
xref: AAO:0010038
xref: EMAPA:18808
xref: FMA:49150
is_a: UBERON:0004277  ! eye muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003386 ! smooth muscle of eye
property_value: external_definition "Muscles within the eye (bulbus oculi).[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011233
name: synovial membrane of synovial tendon sheath
namespace: uberon
def: "Synovial sac which surrounds parts of one or more tendons . Examples: synovial tendon sheath of manual digit 2, radial bursa." [FMA:45087, Wikipedia:Synovial_sheath]
comment: Alternate def: A synovial sheath is a layer of a tendon sheath containing tendons in the hand and foot. They lie internal to the fibrous tendon sheaths. An example is the common synovial sheath for the flexor tendons. [Wikipedia:Synovial_sheath]
synonym: "synovium" BROAD [BTO:0001823]
xref: BTO:0001823
xref: FMA:40878
is_a: UBERON:0007616  ! layer of synovial tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000304 ! tendon sheath

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011234
name: fibrous membrane of synovial tendon sheath
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:40877
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000304 ! tendon sheath

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011236
name: deep fascia
namespace: uberon
def: "Deep fascia (or \"investing fascia\") is a layer of fascia which can surround individual muscles, and divide groups of muscles into compartments. This is the dense fibrous connective tissue that interpenetrates and surrounds the muscles, bones, nerves and blood vessels of the body. It provides connection and communication in the form of aponeuroses, ligaments, tendons, retinacula, joint capsules, and septa. The deep fasciae envelop all bone; cartilage, and blood vessels and become specialized in muscles and nerves. The high density of collagen fibers is what gives the deep fascia its strength and integrity. The amount of elastin fiber determines how much extensibility and resilience it will have." [Wikipedia:Deep_fascia]
synonym: "deep investing fascia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_fascia]
synonym: "fascia profunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_fascia]
synonym: "investing fascia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_fascia]
xref: FMA:27935
xref: UMLS:C1511746
xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Fascia
is_a: UBERON:0008982  ! fascia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011237
name: visceral fascia
namespace: uberon
def: "Visceral fascia suspends the organs within their cavities and wraps them in layers of connective tissue membranes. Each of the organs is covered in a double layer of fascia; these layers are separated by a thin serous membrane. The outermost wall of the organ is known as the parietal layer The skin of the organ is known as the visceral layer. The organs have specialized names for their visceral fasciae. In the brain, they are known as meninges; in the heart they are known as pericardia; in the lungs, they are known as pleura; and in the abdomen, they are known as peritonea." [Wikipedia:Visceral_fascia]
synonym: "parietal fascia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visceral_fascia]
xref: FMA:76754
is_a: UBERON:0008982  ! fascia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011238
name: mesethmoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral bone that extends forward from the frontal bones and articulates posterolaterally with the lateral ethmoids and the vomer and parasphenoid ventrally. The mesethmoid is an unpaired median bone." [TAO:0000323]
comment: absent in primitive mammals, ungulates, amphibians, reptiles/birds[Kardong]
synonym: "dermethmocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000323]
synonym: "ethmoid" RELATED [TAO:0000323]
synonym: "mcC)sethmocC/de@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000323]
xref: TAO:0000323
xref: ZFA:0000323
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0010892  ! mesethmoid element
is_a: UBERON:0011164  ! neurocranium bone
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005945 ! neurocranial trabecula
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 ! ethmoid region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011241
name: ethmoid region
namespace: uberon
def: "the most anterior region of the braincase. Provides structural support for peripheral olfactory organ." [UBERONREF:0000007, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html]
comment: Usage notes: currently this is not restricted to skeletal elements, unlike UBERONREF:0000007
xref: AAO:0000986
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005945 ! neurocranial trabecula
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003112 ! olfactory region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011242
name: ethmoid cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "Region between capsules formed by anterior tips of neurocranial trabeculae." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: We assume the AAO structure is cartilage
synonym: "ethmoid cartilages" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001405]
synonym: "ethmoid plate" RELATED [TAO:0001405]
xref: AAO:0010134
xref: EFO:0003685
xref: TAO:0001405
xref: ZFA:0001405
is_a: UBERON:0003932  ! cartilage element of chondrocranium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005945 ! neurocranial trabecula
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 ! ethmoid region
property_value: external_definition "Anterior wall of the braincase.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Chondrocranium cartilage that is initially plate-like and formed from the anterior fusion of the trabecula crani. The ethmoid cartilage is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011244
name: perpendicular plate of ethmoid
namespace: uberon
def: "The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone (vertical plate) is a thin, flattened lamina, polygonal in form, which descends from the under surface of the cribriform plate, and assists in forming the septum of the nose; it is generally deflected a little to one or other side. The anterior border articulates with the spine of the frontal bone and the crest of the nasal bones. The posterior border articulates by its upper half with the sphenoidal crest, by its lower with the vomer. The inferior border is thicker than the posterior, and serves for the attachment of the septal cartilage of the nose. The surfaces of the plate are smooth, except above, where numerous grooves and canals are seen; these lead from the medial foramina on the cribriform plate and lodge filaments of the olfactory nerves." [Wikipedia:Perpendicular_plate_of_ethmoid_bone]
synonym: "lamina perpendicularis (os ethmoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52891]
synonym: "lamina perpendicularis of ethmoid bone" EXACT [FMA:52891]
synonym: "lamina perpendicularis ossis ethmoidalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perpendicular_plate_of_ethmoid_bone]
synonym: "perpendicular plate" BROAD [EMAPA:25114]
synonym: "perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perpendicular_plate_of_ethmoid_bone]
synonym: "vertical plate of the ethmoid bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perpendicular_plate_of_ethmoid_bone]
xref: EMAPA:25114
xref: FMA:52891
xref: SCTID:369005006
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011245
name: infra-orbital canal of maxilla
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the canals of the orbital surface of the maxilla, the infraorbital canal, opens just below the margin of the orbit." [Wikipedia:Infraorbital_canal]
synonym: "canalis infra-orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59048]
synonym: "canalis infraorbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59048]
synonym: "infra-orbital canal" BROAD [FMA:59048]
synonym: "infraorbital canal" BROAD [Wikipedia:Infraorbital_canal]
xref: FMA:59048
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011246
name: procoracoid bone
namespace: uberon
comment: In primitive synapsis 3 centers develop in the shoulder: the dorsal center gives rise to the scapula and the two ventral centers produce an anterior coracoid (procoracoid) and posterior coracoid (coracoid). The anterior is homologous to the coracoid of fish[Kardong]. Editor notes: VSAO sais that the procoracoid+coracoid are homologous to the teleost coracoid. Consider adding a separate class for posterior coracoid.
synonym: "anterior coracoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "anterior coracoid bone" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "precoracoid" RELATED []
synonym: "precoracoid bone" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "procoracoid" RELATED []
synonym: "procoracoid process" NARROW []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/P.gigas_forelimb.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0007829  ! pectoral girdle bone
is_a: UBERON:0011248  ! procoracoid element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011247 ! procoracoid cartilage
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0004743 ! coracoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011247
name: procoracoid cartilage
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
is_a: UBERON:0011248  ! procoracoid element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011248
name: procoracoid element
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior coracoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "precoracoid" RELATED [AAO:0000760, ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "procoracoid" EXACT [AAO:0000760]
xref: AAO:0000760
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of zonal element (AAO:0000936)[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Cartilaginous, paired structures located on the anterolateral portions of the zonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011249
name: appendicular skeletal system
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints." [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:7484
xref: VHOG:0001666
xref: VSAO:0000306
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011250
name: autopod bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a autopod region. Note that this incudes the carpal and tarsal bones." [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0002428  ! limb bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region
property_value: implements_design_pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000015

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011251
name: levator claviculae muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal muscle in the posterior triangle of the neck. It originates on the transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae and is inserted in the lateral half of the clavicle" [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle]
comment: Taxon notes: The levator claviculae is an infrequently recognized anatomical variant in humans, distinguished from, for example, cervical adenopathy or a thrombosed vein, but a normal muscle in lower mammals and anthropoids. In humans, when present, it often appears unilaterally, most commonly on the left side, or bilaterally.[WP]
synonym: "cleidocervicalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle]
synonym: "cleidocervicalis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle]
synonym: "levator claviculae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle]
synonym: "musculus levator claviculae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle]
synonym: "omocervicalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle]
synonym: "pars cervicalis" RELATED []
synonym: "tracheloacromial muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle]
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011364 ! cleidocephalicus muscle
property_value: external_definition "Cleidocervicalis is one of two muscles, which make up the cleidocephalic component of the complex brachiocephalic muscle. It is a thin triangular muscle which has a broad origin on the median raphe of the mid dorsal aspect of the neck. The muscle is bounded caudally by the trapezius and cranially by the occipital component of the sternocephalicus . The cleidocervicalis tapers as it passes ventrally across the side of the neck to insert into the clavicular tendon. It is innervated by the accessory nerve. The brachiocephalic complex advances the limb, extends the shoulder joint and fixes the neck." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011252
name: scent gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Scent glands are exocrine glands found in most mammals. They produce semi-viscous secretions which contain pheromones and other semiochemical compounds. These odor-messengers indicate information such as status, territory marking, mood, and sexual power. The odor may be subliminalbnot consciously detectable. Though it is not their primary function, the salivary glands may also function as scent glands in some animals." [Wikipedia:Scent_gland]
xref: BTO:0002068
xref: MESH:A13.820
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Civetglands.png
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
property_value: external_definition "Exocrine glands in animals which secrete scents which either repel or attract other animals, e.g. perianal glands of skunks, anal glands of weasels, musk glands of foxes, ventral glands of wood rats, and dorsal glands of peccaries[MESH:A13.820]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011253
name: gland of anal sac
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Anal_gland]
synonym: "anal gland" RELATED []
synonym: "anal sac gland" EXACT []
synonym: "musk gland" RELATED []
xref: SCTID:91610001
xref: UMLS:C0162322
xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011252  ! scent gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008978 ! anal sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008978 ! anal sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011255
name: Eimer's organ
namespace: uberon
def: "sensory organs in which the epidermis is modified to form bulbous papillae. present in many moles, and are particularly common in the star-nosed mole, which bears 30,000 of them on its unique tentacled snout. The organs are formed from a stack of epidermal cells, which is innervated by nerve processes from myelinated fibers in the dermis, which form terminal swellings just below the outer keratinized layer of epidermis. They contain a Merkel cell-neurite complex in the epidermis and a lamellated corpuscle in the dermal connective tissue." [Wikipedia:Eimer's_organ]
is_a: UBERON:0000020  ! sense organ
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0003719 ! Pacinian corpuscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000412 ! dermal papilla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011263
name: femoral gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland arranged along a row on the underside of the hindlimb in some lizards[Kardong]" [ISBN10:0073040584]
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0003297  ! gland of integumental system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011264
name: femoral pore
namespace: uberon
def: "Femoral pores are a part of a holocrine secretory gland found on the inside of the thighs of certain lizards and amphisbaenians which releases pheromones to attract mates or mark territory. In certain species only the male has these pores and in other species, both sexes have them, with the males being larger.[1] Femoral pores appear as a series of pits or holes within a row of scales on the ventral portion of the animal's thigh." [Wikipedia:Femoral_pore]
comment: Taxon notes: Femoral pores are present in all genera in the families Cordylidae, Crotaphytidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Phrynosomatidae, and Xantusiidae.[1] They are absent in all genera in the Anguidae, Chamaeleonidae, Dibamidae, Helodermatidae, Scincidae, Xenosauridae, and Varanidae families.[1] They are present in other lizards and amphisbaenians quite variably, some geckoes, Phelsuma, for example have these pores, others in the same family do not[WP]
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011263 ! femoral gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011263 ! femoral gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011265
name: carpometacarpal joint of digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A carpometacarpal joint that connects to metacarpal 1. " [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint#Thumb]
comment: Taxon notes: In humans it connects the trapezium to the first metacarpal bone, plays an irreplaceable role in the normal functioning of the thumb. The most important joint connecting the wrist to the metacarpus, osteoarthritis of the TMC is a severely disabling condition; up to twenty times more common among old women than in average[WP]
synonym: "TMJ" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint#Thumb]
synonym: "carpometacarpal joint of pollex" EXACT [FMA:35421]
synonym: "carpometacarpal joint of the thumb" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint#Thumb]
synonym: "carpometacarpal joint of thumb" EXACT [FMA:35421]
synonym: "trapeziometacarpal joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint#Thumb]
xref: FMA:35421
xref: SCTID:361843007
is_a: UBERON:0011119  ! carpometacarpal joint
is_a: UBERON:0011965  ! saddle joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0011119  ! carpometacarpal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011266
name: obsolete tendon of auricularis superior
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: Made obsolete as the ear muscle inserts into cartilage and aponeurosis without any intervening tendon
synonym: "auricularis superior tendon" EXACT [FMA:53843]
xref: FMA:53843

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011267
name: quadratojugal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The quadratojugal is a small jaw bone that is present in most amphibians, reptiles, and birds, but has been lost in mammals. It is connected to the jugal as well as other bones, though these may vary with species. The quadratojugal bone is a small bone between the cheek and otic notch (Lecointre 380). Squamates (lizards and snakes) lack a quadratojugal bone (Schwenk 193)." [Wikipedia:Quadratojugal_bone]
synonym: "quadratjochbeine" RELATED [AAO:0000532]
synonym: "quadrato-jugals" RELATED [AAO:0000532]
synonym: "quadrato-maxillare" RELATED [AAO:0000532]
synonym: "quadratojugal" EXACT [AAO:0000532]
synonym: "quadratojugale" RELATED [AAO:0000532]
synonym: "tympano maleaux" RELATED [AAO:0000532]
xref: AAO:0000532
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Skull_synapsida_1.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Archaeopteryx_skull.png/800px-Archaeopteryx_skull.png
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
is_a: UBERON:0011597  ! bone of upper jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8509
property_value: external_definition "Paired intramembranous bones that completes the maxillary arch posteriorly; they appear at the end of, or just after, metamorphosis[AAO:0000532]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011270
name: dorsal trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the trunk that is in the dorsum[cjm]. In humans, the subdivision of trunk which is demarcated from the trunk proper by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines, the external surface of the posterior abdominal wall; together with the trunk proper, it constitutes the trunk[FMA]." [FMA:25056, UBERONREF:0000006, Wikipedia:Human_back]
synonym: "back of trunk" EXACT [FMA:25056]
synonym: "dorsal part of trunk" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsum of trunk" EXACT [FMA:25056]
synonym: "trunk back" EXACT [FMA:25056]
xref: FMA:25056
xref: MA:0000020
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011271
name: caudal-sacral region of vertebral column
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that is posterior to the sacral region and anterior to the caudal region." [UBERONREF:0000006]
comment: Definition to be reviewed for generality across tetrapods
xref: AAO:0000080
is_a: UBERON:0006077  ! subdivision of vertebral column
property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column posterior to the sacrum consisting of two to four vertebrae. The last of these vertebrae is distinguished by the possession of a well-developed haemal arch; it supports the posterior part of the cloaca and marks the posterior limit of the trunk.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011272
name: embryonic skin basal layer
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: compare with 'stratum basale of epidermis'. This class is the source for many adult structures - see WP2062. See also: 'enveloping layer of ectoderm'
synonym: "basal cell layer of skin" RELATED []
synonym: "outer epithelium of body" RELATED [Wikipathways:WP2062]
xref: EHDAA2:0001845
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011273
name: nail of manual digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a manual digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "claw of digit 1 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18734]
synonym: "nail of thumb" EXACT [FMA:54329]
synonym: "nail plate of thumb" EXACT [FMA:54329]
synonym: "thumb nail" EXACT [FMA:54329]
xref: EMAPA:18734
xref: FMA:54329
xref: SCTID:181584008
is_a: UBERON:0009565  ! nail of manual digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011274
name: nail of manual digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a manual digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "claw of digit 2 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18735]
synonym: "index finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54332]
synonym: "nail of index finger" EXACT [FMA:54332]
synonym: "nail of second finger" EXACT [FMA:54332]
synonym: "nail plate of index finger" EXACT [FMA:54332]
xref: EMAPA:18735
xref: FMA:54332
xref: SCTID:181580004
is_a: UBERON:0009565  ! nail of manual digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011275
name: nail of manual digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a manual digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "claw of digit 3 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18736]
synonym: "middle finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54335]
synonym: "nail of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:54335]
synonym: "nail of third finger" EXACT [FMA:54335]
synonym: "nail plate of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:54335]
xref: EMAPA:18736
xref: FMA:54335
xref: SCTID:181581000
is_a: UBERON:0009565  ! nail of manual digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011276
name: nail of manual digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a manual digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "claw of digit 4 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18737]
synonym: "nail of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:54338]
synonym: "nail of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:54338]
synonym: "nail plate of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:54338]
synonym: "ring finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54338]
xref: EMAPA:18737
xref: FMA:54338
xref: SCTID:181582007
is_a: UBERON:0009565  ! nail of manual digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011277
name: nail of manual digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a manual digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "claw of digit 5 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18738]
synonym: "little finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54341]
synonym: "nail of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:54341]
synonym: "nail of little finger" RELATED [FMA:54341]
synonym: "nail plate of little finger" EXACT [FMA:54341]
xref: EMAPA:18738
xref: FMA:54341
xref: SCTID:181583002
is_a: UBERON:0009565  ! nail of manual digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011278
name: nail of pedal digit 1
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a pedal digit 1." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "big toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54344]
synonym: "claw of digit 1 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18739]
synonym: "nail of big toe" EXACT [FMA:54344]
synonym: "nail of great toe" EXACT [FMA:54344]
synonym: "nail plate of big toe" EXACT [FMA:54344]
xref: EMAPA:18739
xref: FMA:54344
xref: SCTID:181592004
is_a: UBERON:0009567  ! nail of pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011279
name: nail of pedal digit 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a pedal digit 2." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "claw of digit 2 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18740]
synonym: "nail of second toe" EXACT [FMA:54347]
synonym: "nail plate of second toe" EXACT [FMA:54347]
synonym: "second toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54347]
xref: EMAPA:18740
xref: FMA:54347
xref: SCTID:181593009
is_a: UBERON:0009567  ! nail of pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011280
name: nail of pedal digit 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a pedal digit 3." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "claw of digit 3 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18741]
synonym: "nail of third toe" EXACT [FMA:54350]
synonym: "nail plate of third toe" EXACT [FMA:54350]
synonym: "third toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54350]
xref: EMAPA:18741
xref: FMA:54350
xref: SCTID:181594003
is_a: UBERON:0009567  ! nail of pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011281
name: nail of pedal digit 4
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a pedal digit 4." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "claw of digit 4 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18742]
synonym: "fourth toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54353]
synonym: "nail of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:54353]
synonym: "nail plate of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:54353]
xref: EMAPA:18742
xref: FMA:54353
xref: SCTID:181595002
is_a: UBERON:0009567  ! nail of pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011282
name: nail of pedal digit 5
namespace: uberon
def: "A nail that is part of a pedal digit 5." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "claw of digit 5 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18743]
synonym: "little toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54356]
synonym: "nail of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:54356]
synonym: "nail of little toe" EXACT [FMA:54356]
synonym: "nail plate of little toe" EXACT [FMA:54356]
xref: EMAPA:18743
xref: FMA:54356
xref: SCTID:181596001
is_a: UBERON:0009567  ! nail of pedal digit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0001705  ! nail
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011283
name: epoophoron
namespace: uberon
def: "A remnant of the Mesonephric duct that can be found next to the ovary and fallopian tube." [Wikipedia:Epoophoron]
synonym: "epoC6phoron" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron]
synonym: "epooephoron" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron]
synonym: "organ of RosenmC<ller" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron]
synonym: "organ of Rosenmuller" EXACT [FMA:18691]
synonym: "organ of rosenmueller" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron]
synonym: "organ of rosenmuller" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron]
synonym: "parovarium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron]
xref: FMA:18691
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0001301

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011288
name: stomochord
namespace: uberon
def: "A flexible, hollow tube that arises in embryonic development as an outpocketing from the roof of the embryonic gut anterior to the pharynx. In adults, they extend dorsally from the pharynx into the probiscis, and serve to communicate with the oral cavity. Their walls are composed primarily of epithelial cells, but ciliated and glandular cells are also present" [Wikipedia:Stomochord]
synonym: "stomatochord" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut
relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011289
name: pharyngobasilar fascia
namespace: uberon
def: "The pharyngeal aponeurosis (or pharyngobasilar fascia, or fibrous coat), is situated between the mucous and muscular layers. It is thick above where the muscular fibers are wanting, and is firmly connected to the basilar portion of the occipital and the petrous portions of the temporal bones. As it descends it diminishes in thickness, and is gradually lost. It is strengthened posteriorly by a strong fibrous band, which is attached above to the pharyngeal spine on the under surface of the basilar portion of the occipital bone, and passes downward, forming a median raphe, which gives attachment to the Constrictores pharyngis." [Wikipedia:Pharyngobasilar_fascia]
synonym: "pharyngeal aponeurosis" EXACT [FMA:55074, Wikipedia:Pharyngobasilar_fascia]
xref: FMA:55074
xref: SCTID:16675008
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006614  ! aponeurosis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0006614  ! aponeurosis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011299
name: white matter of telencephalon
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0013202
def: "A partion of white matter that is part of a telencephalon. This can be further subdivided in some species, for example, into hemisphere white matter and the corpus callosum." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "telencephalic tract/commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000597]
synonym: "telencephalic tracts" NARROW [TAO:0000597]
xref: FMA:83930
xref: TAO:0000597
xref: ZFA:0000597
is_a: UBERON:0003544  ! brain white matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
property_value: external_definition "CNS white matter that is part of the telencephalon[ZFA:0000597]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011300
name: gray matter of telencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A portion of gray matter of neuraxis that is part of a telencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:83911
is_a: UBERON:0003528  ! brain grey matter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0002020  ! gray matter of neuraxis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011301
name: manubrium sternum pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "manubrium sterni pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001063]
xref: EHDAA2:0001063
xref: EHDAA:9563
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 ! body-wall mesenchyme
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011303
name: lamprey sucker
namespace: uberon
xref: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/images/lamprey_sucker_rosava_3238889218.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011305
name: superficial part of temporalis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "temporalis, superficial" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
is_a: UBERON:0003681  ! masticatory muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001598 ! temporalis muscle
property_value: external_definition "The superficial temporalis muscle is a separable part of the temporalis muscle that attaches to the temporalis fascia.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011306
name: deep part of temporalis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "temporalis, deep" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
is_a: UBERON:0003681  ! masticatory muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001598 ! temporalis muscle
property_value: external_definition "The deep temporalis muscle is a separable part of the temporalis muscle that  that attaches to the bony wall of the braincase and is deep to the superficial temporalis.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011307
name: suprazygomatic part of temporalis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "temporalis, suprazygomatic" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
is_a: UBERON:0003681  ! masticatory muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001598 ! temporalis muscle
property_value: external_definition "The suprazygomatic part of the temporalis muscle is a separable part of the deep temporalis that attaches to the superior surface of the temporal root of the zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011308
name: pars reflexa of masseter
namespace: uberon
def: "The pars reflexa is a separable part of the superficial masseter muscle that attaches to the medial surface of the mandible." [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "masseter, pars reflexa" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "pars reflexa" BROAD [FEED:FEED]
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011140 ! superficial part of masseter muscle
property_value: external_definition "The pars reflexa is a separable part of the superficial masseter muscle that attaches to the medial surface of the mandible.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011309
name: body of mandible
namespace: uberon
def: "The body of the mandible is curved somewhat like a horseshoe and has two surfaces and two borders." [Wikipedia:Body_of_mandible]
synonym: "body of the mandible" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_mandible]
synonym: "mandibular body" EXACT [FMA:52827]
xref: FMA:52827
xref: SCTID:244684002
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011310
name: masseteric fossa
namespace: uberon
def: ".The fossa for the masseter. In some therapsids, the coronoid process of the dentary bears a large external depression which accommodates the masseter -- an important muscle in closing and in grinding motions of the jaw." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryM.html]
synonym: "masseteric cavity" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
property_value: external_definition "fossa on the lateral surface of the mandible, located in the superior part of the ascending process.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011311
name: hyoepiglottic ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "an elastic band connecting the anterior surface of the epiglottis to the upper border of the body of the hyoid bone." [Wikipedia:Hyoepiglottic_ligament]
synonym: "hyo-epiglottic ligament" EXACT [FMA:55227]
synonym: "igamentum hyoepiglotticum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Hyoepiglottic_ligament]
xref: FMA:55227
xref: SCTID:279552007
xref: UMLS:C0225515
xref: ncithesaurus:Hyoepiglottic_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0001730  ! extrinsic ligament of larynx
relationship: connects UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis
relationship: connects UBERON:0003999 ! hyoid bone body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011312
name: hyoepiglottic muscle
namespace: uberon
comment: Developed in mammals other than human. TODO: add relationship to hyoepiglottic ligament.
synonym: "hyo-epiglottic muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "hyoepiglotticus" EXACT []
synonym: "hyoepiglottus" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001568  ! muscle of larynx
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0003999 ! hyoid bone body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011313
name: posterior subdivision of masseter
namespace: uberon
synonym: "masseter, posterior" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: in_posterior_side_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle
property_value: external_definition "The posterior masseter is a separable part of the deep masseter muscle that attaches to the postero-ventral surface of the zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011314
name: anterior subdivision of masseter
namespace: uberon
synonym: "masseter, anterior" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: in_anterior_side_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle
property_value: external_definition "The anterior masseter is a separable part of the masseter muscle that is attached to anterior root of zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011315
name: digastric branch of facial nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The digastric branch of facial nerve arises close to the stylomastoid foramen, and divides into several filaments, which supply the posterior belly of the Digastricus; one of these filaments joins the glossopharyngeal nerve." [Wikipedia:Digastric_branch_of_facial_nerve]
synonym: "branch of facial nerve to posterior belly of digastric" RELATED [FMA:53288]
synonym: "digastric branch" BROAD [Wikipedia:Digastric_branch_of_facial_nerve]
synonym: "digastric branch of facial nerve (CN VII)" EXACT [FEED:FEED]
synonym: "facial nerve, digastric branch" EXACT []
synonym: "nerve to posterior belly of digastric" EXACT [FMA:53288]
synonym: "ramus digastricus (nervus facialis)" EXACT [FMA:53288]
synonym: "ramus digastricus nervus facialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:53288
xref: SCTID:17743006
is_a: UBERON:0001647  ! facial nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011316
name: nerve to stylohyoid from facial nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The stylohyoid branch of facial nerve frequently arises in conjunction with the digastric branch; it is long and slender, and enters the Stylohyoideus about its middle." [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_branch_of_facial_nerve]
synonym: "facial nerve stylohyoid branch" EXACT [FMA:53298]
synonym: "nerve to stylohyoid" EXACT [FMA:53298]
synonym: "ramus stylohyoideus" EXACT [FMA:53298]
synonym: "ramus stylohyoideus nervus facialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "stylodigastric nerve" EXACT [FMA:53298]
synonym: "stylohyoid branch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_branch_of_facial_nerve]
synonym: "stylohyoid branch of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53298]
xref: FMA:53298
xref: SCTID:89590005
is_a: UBERON:0001647  ! facial nerve
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011317
name: nerve to stylopharyngeus from glossopharyngeal nerve
namespace: uberon
synonym: "branch of glossopharyngeal nerve to stylopharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:53487]
synonym: "nerve to stylopharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:53487]
synonym: "ramus musculi stylopharyngei nervus glossopharyngei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "stylopharyngeal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53487]
xref: FMA:53487
xref: SCTID:280294008
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001649 ! glossopharyngeal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011318
name: capsule of temporomandibular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The articular capsule (capsular ligament) is a thin, loose envelope, attached above to the circumference of the mandibular fossa and the articular tubercle immediately in front; below, to the neck of the condyle of the mandible." [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "articular capsule of temporomandibular joint" EXACT [FMA:57050]
synonym: "capsula articularis articulationis temporomandibularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_the_temporomandibular_joint]
xref: FMA:57050
xref: SCTID:303404000
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001484  ! articular capsule
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0001484  ! articular capsule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011319
name: disk of temporomandibular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The fibrocartilaginous plate that separates the joint into upper and lower cavities." [BTO:0003675, Wikipedia:Articular_disk_of_the_temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "articular disc of temporomandibular joint" EXACT [BTO:0003675, FMA:57059]
synonym: "articular disk of temporomandibular joint" EXACT [FMA:57059]
synonym: "discus articularis (articulatio temporomandibularis)" EXACT [FMA:57059]
synonym: "discus articularis articulationis temporomandibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Articular_disk_of_the_temporomandibular_joint]
synonym: "discus articularis temporomandibularis" RELATED [BTO:0003675]
synonym: "mandibular disk" RELATED [BTO:0003675]
synonym: "temporomandibular articular disk" EXACT [BTO:0003675, GAID:273]
synonym: "temporomandibular joint disk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Articular_disk_of_the_temporomandibular_joint]
xref: BTO:0003675
xref: FMA:57059
xref: MESH:A02.835.583.861.900
xref: SCTID:282433007
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011320
name: ligament of temporomandibular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint#Ligaments]
synonym: "temporomandibular joint ligament" EXACT [FMA:57070]
xref: FMA:57070
xref: SCTID:127861009
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011321
name: masseteric nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The masseteric nerve passes laterally, above the Pterygoideus externus, in front of the temporomandibular articulation, and behind the tendon of the Temporalis; it crosses the mandibular notch with the masseteric artery, to the deep surface of the Masseter, in which it ramifies nearly as far as its anterior border. It gives a filament to the temporomandibular joint." [Wikipedia:Masseteric_nerve]
synonym: "nervus massetericus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Masseteric_nerve]
xref: FMA:53103
xref: SCTID:280254006
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011322
name: mylohyoid nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that innervates the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle." [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_nerve]
synonym: "branch of inferior alveolar nerve to mylohyoid" EXACT [FMA:53247]
synonym: "mylodigastric nerve" EXACT [FMA:53247]
synonym: "mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar nerve" EXACT [FMA:53247]
synonym: "nerve to mylohyoid" EXACT [FMA:53247, Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_nerve]
synonym: "nervus mylohyoideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_nerve]
xref: FMA:53247
xref: SCTID:280269007
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011325
name: pharyngeal nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The pharyngeal plexus is a network of nerve fibers innervating most of the palate, larynx, and pharynx. It is located on the surface of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "pharyngeal nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:82453]
synonym: "pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "plexus pharyngeus nervi vagi" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus_nerve]
synonym: "vagus nerve pharyngeal plexus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:82453
xref: SCTID:369429008
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011326
name: superior laryngeal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve. It arises from the middle of the ganglion nodosum and in its course receives a branch from the superior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic. It descends, by the side of the pharynx, behind the internal carotid artery, and divides into two branches: external laryngeal nerve internal laryngeal nerve A superior laryngeal nerve palsy changes the pitch of the voice and causes an inability to make explosive sounds. If no recovery is evident three months after the palsy initially presents, the damage is most likely to be permanent. A bilateral palsy presents as a tiring and hoarse voice." [Wikipedia:Superior_laryngeal_nerve]
synonym: "nervus laryngealis superior" EXACT [FMA:6239]
synonym: "nervus laryngeus superior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_laryngeal_nerve]
synonym: "superior laryngeal branch of inferior vagal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6239]
synonym: "superior laryngeal branch of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6239]
xref: FMA:6239
xref: SCTID:279928006
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011327
name: deep temporal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The deep temporal nerves, branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, are two in number, anterior and posterior. They pass above the upper border of the pterygoideus externus and enter the deep surface of the temporalis." [Wikipedia:Deep_temporal_nerves]
synonym: "deep temporal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_temporal_nerves]
synonym: "nervi temporales profundi" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:53187
xref: SCTID:280255007
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011332
name: extrinsic tongue pre-muscle mass
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:17884
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003416  ! mesenchyme of tongue
is_a: UBERON:0005865  ! pre-muscle condensation
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003273 ! skeletal muscle of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011342
name: surface of mandible
namespace: uberon
synonym: "mandibular surface" EXACT [FMA:57558]
xref: FMA:57558
is_a: UBERON:0006984  ! anatomical surface
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011343
name: medial surface of mandible
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial surface of mandibular ramus" NARROW [FMA:59464]
synonym: "medial surface of ramus of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59464]
xref: FMA:59464
is_a: UBERON:0011342  ! surface of mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011344
name: lateral surface of mandible
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral surface of mandibular ramus" BROAD [FMA:59463]
synonym: "lateral surface of ramus of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59463]
xref: FMA:59463
is_a: UBERON:0011342  ! surface of mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011345
name: pharyngeal raphe
namespace: uberon
def: "The Pharyngeal raphe is a raphe that serves as the origin and insertion for several of the pharyngeal constrictors." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_raphe]
comment: AO notes: isa anatomical line in FMA
synonym: "raphe pharyngis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_raphe]
xref: FMA:55077
xref: SCTID:179763009
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011346  ! palatine raphe

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011346
name: palatine raphe
namespace: uberon
def: "a raphe running across the palate, from the palatine uvula to the incisive papilla." [Wikipedia:Palatine_raphe]
comment: AO notes: isa anatomical line in FMA
synonym: "raphe palati" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatine_raphe]
xref: FMA:75111
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011347
name: raphe of hard palate
namespace: uberon
def: "A palatine raphe that is part of a hard palate." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: SCTID:368683007
is_a: UBERON:0011346  ! palatine raphe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0011346  ! palatine raphe
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011348
name: raphe of soft palate
namespace: uberon
def: "A palatine raphe that is part of a soft palate." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: SCTID:245785003
is_a: UBERON:0011346  ! palatine raphe
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0011346  ! palatine raphe
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011349
name: pterygomandibular raphe
namespace: uberon
def: "The pterygomandibular raphe (pterygomandibular ligament) is a tendinous band of the buccopharyngeal fascia, attached by one extremity to the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate, and by the other to the posterior end of the mylohyoid line of the mandible. Its medial surface is covered by the mucous membrane of the mouth. Its lateral surface is separated from the ramus of the mandible by a quantity of adipose tissue. Its posterior border gives attachment to the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Its anterior border attaches to the posterior edge of the buccinator." [Wikipedia:Pterygomandibular_raphe]
comment: AO notes: isa anatomical line in FMA
synonym: "pterygomandibular ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygomandibular_raphe]
synonym: "pterygomandibular raph%c3%a9" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygomandibular_raphe]
xref: FMA:55618
xref: SCTID:142713007
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011350
name: mylohyoid raphe
namespace: uberon
synonym: "raphe of the mylohyoid" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011357
name: Reissner's fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "An acellular strand that runs from subcommissural organ caudally through the ventricular system and central canal to the ampulla caudalis. Develops from glycoproteins secreted into CSF." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Reissner's_fiber]
comment: Taxon notes: Reissner's fiber is present in the central canal of species in all chordate subphyla[Olsson R. (1993) Reissner's fiber mechanisms: some common denominators. In The Subcommissural Organ: An Ependymal Brain Gland ]
synonym: "Reissner's fibre" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7711

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011358
name: infundibular organ
namespace: uberon
def: "." []
comment: Resembles the subcommisural organ structurally, ultrastructurally and immunochemically[Niewenhuys] Gives rise to Reissner's fiber; however secretions are not identical to those of SCO [PMID:9550137][doi:10.1007/BF00303086]
synonym: "infundibular organ of Boeke" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral infundibular organ" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000073  ! regional part of nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system
relationship: secretes UBERON:0011357 ! Reissner's fiber
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7737

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011359
name: urophysis
namespace: uberon
def: "This is a neurosecretory organ rostral to the ampulla caudalis on the ventral surface of the distal end of the spinal cord. Receives axons from caudal neurosecretory nucleus, which contains Dahlgren cells that secrete urotensin I and II, implicated in osmotic regulation, cardiovascular function and reproduction[Butler]." [ISBN10:0471888893]
comment: Shares characteristics with neurohypophysis
xref: BTO:0001848
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
is_a: UBERON:0010133  ! neuroendocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011360
name: ampulla caudalis
namespace: uberon
def: "A ventricle-like space at the end of the central canal" [ISBN10:0471888893]
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002291 ! central canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011362
name: cranial blood vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vasculature that is part of a head." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial blood vessels" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0005297]
synonym: "set of blood vessels of head" EXACT []
xref: TAO:0005297
xref: ZFA:0005297
is_a: UBERON:0002200  ! vasculature of head
is_a: UBERON:0004537  ! blood vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0004537  ! blood vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
property_value: external_definition "Blood vessel part of cranial vasculature.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011363
name: cranial lymph vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymph vasculature that is part of a head." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cranial lymph vessels" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0005298]
synonym: "set of lymphatic vessels of head" EXACT [FMA:224562]
xref: FMA:224562
xref: TAO:0005298
xref: ZFA:0005298
is_a: UBERON:0002200  ! vasculature of head
is_a: UBERON:0004536  ! lymph vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0004536  ! lymph vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011364
name: cleidocephalicus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The cleidomastoideus is a thick, strap-like muscle that together with the cleidocervicalis forms the proximal part of the brachiocephalicus. It lies beneath the cleidocervicalis. Its origin is the clavicular tendon with its insertion being at the mastoid process of the temporal bone. It is distinctly narrow and is united with the cleidocervicalis and cleidobrachialis by the clavicular tendon. Together with the other two components of the brachiocephalicus muscle, its primary function is to advance the free limb, however, it can also act as an shoulder extensor. Acting bilaterally, it fixes and depresses the neck, while by its unilateral action, it allows the head and neck to be drawn to the side. Its blood supply is the inferior cervical, carotid and vertebral arteries and its nerve supply is the spinal accessory, cervical and axillary nerves." [MURDOCH:379]
comment: alt def: \"Combination of cleidomastoid and cleidocervical muscles\"
synonym: "cleidocephalic" EXACT [MA:0002275]
synonym: "cleidocephalic muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "cleidocephalicus" EXACT []
synonym: "cleidomastoid" RELATED []
synonym: "cleidomastoid muscle" RELATED []
synonym: "cleidomastoideus" RELATED []
synonym: "pars mastoideus" RELATED []
xref: MA:0002275
xref: UMLS:C1707412
xref: ncithesaurus:Cleidocephalic
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011368 ! brachiocephalic muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011366
name: cleidobrachialis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "This muscle makes up the distal segment of the brachiocephalicus.  It originates at the clavicular tendon but functionally, from the head and neck through the cleidocervicalis.  It inserts at the distal end of the cranial border of the humerus, where it lies between the biceps brachii medially and the brachialis laterally.  The muscle partly covers the pectoral muscles at their insertions.  In conjunction with the cleidocervicalis, it advances the limb, extends the shoulder and causes lateral movement of the head and neck." [MURDOCH:376]
synonym: "cleidobrachial" EXACT [MA:0002274]
synonym: "cleidobrachial muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "cleidobrachialis" EXACT []
xref: MA:0002274
xref: UMLS:C1707411
xref: ncithesaurus:Cleidobrachial
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011364 ! cleidocephalicus muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011364 ! cleidocephalicus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011368
name: brachiocephalic muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The brachiocephalicus is a long and flat, complex of muscles that extends from the lower half of the humeral shaft to the head and neck. The muscle divides into two parts at the clavicular intersection. This is also the point of origin for all the muscles that make up the brachiocephalicus. This point is situated just cranial to the shoulder. The two main sections are the cleidobrachialis which is distal to the clavicular intersection and the cleidocephalicus which extends proximally to the clavivular intersection. The cleidocephalicus can also be divided into the pars cervicalis, which inserts on the broad aponeurosis, over the fibrous raphe of the cranial half of the neck. The other part, the pars mastoideus inserts on the mastoid process of the temporal bone via a strong tendon. The cleidobrachialis extends distally from the clavicular intersection and inserts on the cranial edge of the distal half of the humerus. The tendon that inserts the cleidobrachialis lies between the brachialis muscle and the biceps brachii. As a result of the brachiocephalicus spanning a large region it has the ability to provide a number of actions. These include extending the shoulder joint, protracts the limb, provides lateral movement of the head and allows the neck to be depressed." [http://ccg.murdoch.edu.au/museum/]
comment: The brachiocephalicus is more complex than other muscles of the forelimb. It consists of 2 elements that unite at the clavicle in dogs. In dogs the caudal part, known as the cleidobrachialis, runs from the clavicle to the humerus and is closely associated with the deltoid. The cranial portion runs from the clavicle to various attachments via a broad aponeurosis on the upper part of the head and neck. It is called the cleidomastoideus in the dog because it inserts on the mastoid process of the temporal bone. It may have a different name, like cleido-occipitalis, in other mammals. The name brachiocephalicus signifies that this complex of muscles runs from the upper arm to the head and does not specify the details of muscle attachments because these vary so much from species to species. The brachiocephalicus advances the limb and may also extend the shoulder joint, but this depends on the cranial attachment being fixed and the limb being free to move. However, when the forelimb is firmly on the ground and the head is free to move, it forces the head and neck either ventrally or to one side depending on whether or not both muscles act in tandem
synonym: "brachiocephalicus" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011369
name: omotransversarius muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The omotransversarius is a straplike muscle, which advances and adducts the forelimb, as well as flexes the neck laterally. It covers the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae, lying to their side. The omotransversarius lies ventral to the trapezius, cranial to the deltoid muscle and is covered cranially by the cleidocervicalis. It extends from the atlas to the spine of the scapula, with its origin on the transverse process of the atlas and its insertion in the distal end of the spine of the scapula. Its name can be split into omo, which is Greek for shoulder, and tranversarius which relates to its attachment to the transverse process of the atlas. This muscle is innervated by the accessory nerve." [MURDOCH:1433]
synonym: "omotransverse" EXACT [MA:0002349]
synonym: "omotransverse muscle" EXACT []
xref: MA:0002349
xref: UMLS:C1709311
xref: ncithesaurus:Omotransverse
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004651 ! scapula spine
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011370 ! transverse process of atlas
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0004651 ! scapula spine
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0011370 ! transverse process of atlas

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011370
name: transverse process of atlas
namespace: uberon
def: "A transverse process of vertebra that is part of a cervical vertebra 1." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:23981
xref: SCTID:181895009
is_a: UBERON:0001077  ! transverse process of vertebra
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1
intersection_of: UBERON:0001077  ! transverse process of vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011371
name: sternocephalicus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The sternocephalicus is a flat muscle and its caudal border is adjacent to the ventral border of the brachiocephalicus. The lateral aspect of this muscle is crossed obliquely by the external jugular vein. It originates as a unit on the first sternebrae. The cranial portion of the muscle divides into two separate sections with different insertion points. These are the sternomastoideus and the sterno-occipitalis. The ventral portion, the sternomastiodeus is the stronger and main continuation of the sternocephalicus, which inserts on the mastoid part of the temporal bone. The thin but wide dorsal segment, the sterno-occipitalis attaches to the dorsal nuchal crest by a thin aponeurosis. The main action provided by the sternocephalicus is movement of the head and neck to the side. Ventral branches of the cervical nerves are attached to this muscle." [MURDOCH:1749]
synonym: "sternocephalicus" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:21636001
is_a: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002208 ! sternebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001630  ! muscle organ
intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone
intersection_of: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002208 ! sternebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011374
name: prepuce
namespace: uberon
comment: Usage notes: this is a generic sex-neutral grouping class for the male and female prepuce. Note that this structure is a combination of skin and other tissue
xref: ncithesaurus:Prepuce
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure
property_value: has_relational_adjective "preputial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011376
name: iliothoracic muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The iliothoracic group is made up of the abdominal wall muscles: rectus abdominis, external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal obliquus, and the transversus abdominis" [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899031-overview]
synonym: "iliothoracic" EXACT [MA:0002322]
xref: MA:0002322
xref: UMLS:C1708463
xref: ncithesaurus:Iliothoracic
is_a: UBERON:0008242  ! lower back muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011377
name: femorothoracic muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The femorospinal group is made up of the psoas major and iliacus muscles" [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899031-overview]
synonym: "femorothoracic" EXACT [MA:0002322]
is_a: UBERON:0008242  ! lower back muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011379
name: male external urethral sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "The external sphincter muscle of urethra (or sphincter urethrae membranaceae) surrounds the whole length of the membranous portion of the urethra, and is enclosed in the fasciC& of the urogenital diaphragm. They arch across the front of the urethra and bulbourethral glands, pass around the urethra, and behind it unite with the muscle of the opposite side, by means of a tendinous raphC)." [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra]
comment: AO notes: MA includes a term bulboglandular - some sources claim this as the muscles that are associated with the bulbourethral gland, so we place this here
synonym: "bulboglandular" RELATED [MA:0002273]
synonym: "bulboglandular muscle" RELATED []
synonym: "external urethral sphincter of male urethra" EXACT [FMA:19733]
synonym: "male sphincter urethrae" EXACT [FMA:19733]
synonym: "male sphincter urethrae muscle" EXACT [FMA:19733]
synonym: "male urethral sphincter muscle" EXACT [FMA:19733]
synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae externus urethrae masculinae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra]
synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae membranaceae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra]
xref: FMA:19733
xref: MA:0002273
xref: UMLS:C1707060
xref: ncithesaurus:Bulboglandular
is_a: UBERON:0004919  ! external urethral sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0004919  ! external urethral sphincter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011380
name: female external urethral sphincter
namespace: uberon
def: "The external sphincter muscle of female urethra is a muscle which controls urination." [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra]
synonym: "compressor urethrae" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra]
synonym: "external urethral sphincter of female urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae externus urethrae femininae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra]
synonym: "outer muscle layer of female urethra" EXACT [FMA:19778]
synonym: "rhabdosphincter of female urethra" EXACT [FMA:19778]
synonym: "sphincter urethrovaginalis" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra]
synonym: "striated muscle layer of female urethra" EXACT [FMA:19778]
synonym: "urethrovaginal sphincter" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra]
xref: FMA:19778
is_a: UBERON:0004919  ! external urethral sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0004919  ! external urethral sphincter
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011383
name: inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "inferior pancreatico-duodenal vein" EXACT [MA:0002191]
xref: MA:0002191
xref: UMLS:C1711328
xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Pancreatico-Duodenal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0004690  ! pancreaticoduodenal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011384
name: superior pancreaticoduodenal vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "superior pancreatico-duodenal vein" EXACT [MA:0002192]
synonym: "vena pancreaticoduodenalis superior" EXACT []
xref: MA:0002192
is_a: UBERON:0004690  ! pancreaticoduodenal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011386
name: facial modiolus
namespace: uberon
def: "In facial anatomy, the modiolus is a chiasma of facial muscles held together by fibrous tissue, located lateral and slightly superior to each angle of the mouth. It is important in moving the mouth, facial expression and in dentistry. It derives its motor nerve supply from the facial nerve, and its blood supply from labial branches of the facial artery. It is contributed to by the following muscles: orbicularis oris, buccinator, levator anguli oris, depressor anguli oris, zygomaticus major, risorius quadratus labii superioris, quadratus labii inferioris." [Wikipedia:Modiolus_%28face%29]
xref: FMA:46837
is_a: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011387
name: constrictor vulvae muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "constrictor vulvae" EXACT [MA:0002281]
synonym: "sphincter vaginae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle]
xref: MA:0002281
xref: SCTID:244961006
xref: UMLS:C1707495
xref: ncithesaurus:Constrictor_Vulvae
is_a: UBERON:0011389  ! bulbospongiosus muscle
property_value: external_definition "The constrictor muscle of the labia is weakly developed in the female dog which blends dorsally with the external anal sphincter muscle and attaches to the coccygeal fascia at the level of the first and second coccygeal vertebrae. It encircles the vulva and vestibule for a distance of about 1 cm. caudal to the area where the urethra enters the vestibule. Its action is to lift the labia dorsally to facilitate intromission of the penis into the vagina. The constrictor vestibuli and vulvae are homologous to the bulbospogiosus (bulbocavernosus) muscle in the male." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011388
name: male bulbospongiosus muscle
namespace: uberon
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bulbospongiosus-Male.png/250px-Bulbospongiosus-Male.png
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0011389  ! bulbospongiosus muscle
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0011379 ! male external urethral sphincter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0011389  ! bulbospongiosus muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0011387

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011389
name: bulbospongiosus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The bulbospongiosus is the thick extrapelvic continuation of the urethralis. It originates from the perineal body (and midline raphe over corpus spongiosum in male) and inserts at the superficial perineal membrane and dorsal penile or clitoral aponeurosis. In males, the bulbospongiosus muscles are united and surround the base of the penis. They aid in emptying of urine and ejaculate from urethra. In females, these muscles are separated in the middle by the vagina and act to constrict the vaginal introitus. They can also stop the flow of blood into veins, which maintains an erection in the penis of the male and the clitoris of the female. Its nerve connection is the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve (S2, 3, 4)." [MURDOCH:245, Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle]
synonym: "bulbocavernosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle]
synonym: "bulbocavernosus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle]
synonym: "bulbocavernous" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle]
synonym: "bulbospongiosus" EXACT [FMA:19729, Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus bulbospongiosus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle]
xref: FMA:19729
xref: SCTID:244972001
is_a: UBERON:0002379  ! perineal muscle
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001367 ! external anal sphincter
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0011391 ! perineal nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011390
name: pudendal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The pudendal nerve is a somatic nerve in the pelvic region that innervates the external genitalia of both sexes, as well as sphincters for the bladder and the rectum. It originates in Onuf's nucleus in the sacral region of the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve]
synonym: "internal pudendal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve]
synonym: "pudenal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve]
synonym: "pudendal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve]
xref: FMA:19037
xref: SCTID:181057000
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003444  ! pelvis nerve
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0006867 ! anal part of perineum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011391
name: perineal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "a nerve arising from the pudendal nerve that supplies the perineum." [Wikipedia:Perineal_nerve]
synonym: "perineal branch of pudendal nerve" EXACT [FMA:21866]
xref: FMA:21866
xref: SCTID:303236009
is_a: UBERON:0002003  ! peripheral nerve
is_a: UBERON:0003444  ! pelvis nerve
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0011390 ! pudendal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011392
name: internal elastic membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "a layer of elastic tissue that forms the outermost part of the tunica intima of blood vessels." [Wikipedia:Internal_elastic_lamina]
synonym: "inner elastic lamina" EXACT [FMA:68205]
synonym: "internal elastic lamina" EXACT [FMA:68205]
xref: FMA:68205
xref: MA:0002863
xref: SCTID:86405007
xref: UMLS:C1512870
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Elastic_Membrane
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
is_a: UBERON:0003614  ! blood vessel elastic tissue
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002523 ! tunica intima

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011415
name: cutaneous trunci muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Lying just below the skin, cutaneus trunci is one of very few cutaneus muscles. It composes of a thin sheets of muscle that spred over the body in the superficial fasciae. Their role is to twich the skin to rid of pests etc. Cuteneus muscles are found in all domestic species." [MURDOCH:2210]
comment: covers the entire body with a thin layer of muscle under the deepest layer of the skin. When an area of neuronal subluxation is stimulated with the activator, the cutaneous trunci muscle contracts and causes an involuntary reflexive spasm or \"twitch\" of the skin
synonym: "cutaneous trunci" EXACT [MA:0002285]
xref: MA:0002285
is_a: UBERON:0006821  ! cutaneous muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011464
name: levator nasolabialis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Is a principal muscle of the lips which arises over the dorsum of the nose. It runs cranioventrally to insert partly on the wing of the nostril and partly into the lateral part of the upper lip. This muscles function includes dilation of the nostril, elevation and retraction of the upper lip. Branches of the facial nerve supply innervation to this muscle." [MURDOCH:1180]
synonym: "levator nasolabialis" EXACT [MA:0002334]
xref: MA:0002334
xref: UMLS:C1708693
xref: ncithesaurus:Levator_Nasolabialis
is_a: UBERON:0006821  ! cutaneous muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011465
name: longissimus atlantis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle that runs beneath the longissimus capitis and inserts on the wing of the atlas " [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musculus_longissimus]
comment: present in horses and dogs
synonym: "longissimus atlantis" EXACT [MA:0002335]
xref: MA:0002335
is_a: UBERON:0000392  ! longissimus muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001092 ! cervical vertebra 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011472
name: ventral lateral sacrocaudal muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral lateral sacrocaudal is a long strong muscle consisting of numerous individual parts. Its first segment originates from the last lumbar vertebrae and the remainder from the transverse processes of the caudal vertebrae. From the segmented bellies arise long tendons which are embedded in caudal fascia. The first of these tendons inserts onto the sixth caudal vertebrae, the second onto the seventh and so on until the last caudal vertebrae. The ventral lateral sacrocaudal acts to flex the tail and occasionally assists with lateral movement." [MURDOCH:2183]
synonym: "lumbosacrocaudalis" EXACT [MA:0002342]
synonym: "lumbosacrocaudalis muscle" EXACT [MA:0002342]
synonym: "ventral lateral sacrocaudal" EXACT [MURDOCH:2183]
xref: MA:0002342
xref: MURDOCH:2183
is_a: UBERON:0003665  ! tail muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002415 ! tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011495
name: rectus thoracis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Rectus thoracis is a very small quadrilateral muscle sheet from the lateral thorax runs from the 3rd-1st rib that is in continuation with rectus abdominis. Its functioning muscle in respiration." [MURDOCH:2224]
synonym: "rectus thoracis" EXACT [MA:0002366]
xref: MA:0002366
is_a: UBERON:0003830  ! thoracic segment muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002382 ! rectus abdominis muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011508
name: sphincter colli superficialis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The sphincter colli superficialis is composed of transverse muscle fibers, and covers the entire area between the lower jaw and chest. The muscle is used to tighten the skin on the underside of the throat." [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platysma]
synonym: "M. sphincter colli superficialis" EXACT []
synonym: "sphincter colli superficialis" EXACT [MA:0002380]
xref: MA:0002380
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013635 ! sphincter colli muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011509
name: sphincter colli profundus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The sphincter colli profundus of lie below the platysma in the area of the parotid gland (gland regions)." [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platysma]
comment: The muscles of the mid and upper face derive from the embryonic sphincter colli profundus muscle
synonym: "M. sphincter colli profundus" EXACT []
synonym: "sphincter colli profundus" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013635 ! sphincter colli muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011510
name: cloacal bursa
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011511
name: iliococcygeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Iliococcygeus arises from the ischial spine and from the posterior part of the tendinous arch of the obturator fascia, and is attached to the coccyx and anococcygeal raphC); it is usually thin, and may fail entirely, or be largely replaced by fibrous tissue. It is part of the levator ani group of muscles. An accessory slip at its posterior part is sometimes named the Iliosacralis." [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "iliococcygeal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "iliococcygei" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "iliococcygeus" EXACT [FMA:19092, Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "levator ani - iliococcygeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "levator ani-iliococcygeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus iliococcygeus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle]
xref: FMA:19092
xref: SCTID:244964003
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009000 ! ischial spine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001326 ! levator ani muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011512
name: puborectalis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The fibers which form a sling for the rectum are named the Puborectalis or Sphincter recti. They arise from the lower part of the symphysis pubis, and from the superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm. They meet with the corresponding fibers of the opposite side around the lower part of the rectum, and form for it a strong sling. Relaxation reduces the angle between rectum and anus, allowing defecation in conjunction with relaxation of the internal and external sphincters. Puborectalis is part of the levator ani group of muscles." [Wikipedia:Puborectalis_muscle]
synonym: "puborectalis" EXACT [FMA:19091, Wikipedia:Puborectalis_muscle]
synonym: "sphincter recti" RELATED [Wikipedia:Puborectalis_muscle]
xref: FMA:19091
xref: SCTID:244962004
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003699 ! pubic symphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001326 ! levator ani muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011528
name: pubococcygeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The pubococcygeus muscle or PC muscle is a hammock-like muscle, found in both sexes, that stretches from the pubic bone to the coccyx (tail bone) forming the floor of the pelvic cavity and supporting the pelvic organs. It is part of the levator ani group of muscles." [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "%22pc%22 muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "coccygeus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "kegel muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "levator ani-pubococcygeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "levator ani-puborectalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "levator prostatae" EXACT [FMA:19090]
synonym: "musculus pubococcygeus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "musculus pubovaginalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
synonym: "pc muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "pubococcygeal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "pubococcygeal muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
synonym: "pubococcygeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle]
xref: FMA:19090
xref: SCTID:244958005
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001326 ! levator ani muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011531
name: male pubococcygeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A pubococcygeus muscle that is part of a male organism." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "levator prostate" EXACT []
synonym: "levator prostate muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus levator prostatae" EXACT LATIN []
xref: SCTID:71507008
is_a: UBERON:0011528  ! pubococcygeus muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0011528  ! pubococcygeus muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011532
name: female pubococcygeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Pubovaginalis in the female is the equivalent of levator prostatae in the male." []
synonym: "pubovaginalis" EXACT [FMA:19090]
synonym: "pubovaginalis muscle" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:208282000
is_a: UBERON:0011528  ! pubococcygeus muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0011528  ! pubococcygeus muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011533
name: abductor pollicis, radioulna-prepollox
namespace: uberon
def: "Originates on the distal radioulna and inserts on the palmar prepollex." [AAO:0010805]
synonym: "m. abductor pollicis" RELATED [AAO:0010805]
xref: AAO:0010805
is_a: UBERON:0003662  ! forelimb muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005880 ! prepollex
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006715 ! radio-ulna
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011534
name: abductor pollicis muscle
namespace: uberon
xref: SCTID:368422008
is_a: UBERON:0003662  ! forelimb muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011535
name: chondroglossus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The Chondroglossus is sometimes described as a part of the Hyoglossus, but is separated from it by fibers of the Genioglossus, which pass to the side of the pharynx. It is about 2 cm. long, and arises from the medial side and base of the lesser cornu and contiguous portion of the body of the hyoid bone, and passes directly upward to blend with the intrinsic muscular fibers of the tongue, between the Hyoglossus and Genioglossus." [Wikipedia:Chondroglossus]
synonym: "chondroglossal" EXACT [FMA:46700]
synonym: "chondroglossal muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chondroglossus]
synonym: "chondroglossus" EXACT [FMA:46700]
xref: FMA:46700
xref: SCTID:244787000
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002385  ! muscle tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001572 ! hyoglossus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011564
name: adductor pollicis muscle of prepollex
namespace: uberon
def: "Originates from the distal carpal 5-4-3 and inserts on the palmar prepollex." [AAO:0010811]
synonym: "m. adductor pollicis" RELATED [AAO:0010811]
xref: AAO:0010811
is_a: UBERON:0011145  ! adductor muscle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005880 ! prepollex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011565
name: lumen of gastrointestinal system
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cavity of digestive tract" EXACT []
synonym: "cavity of gastrointestinal tract" EXACT []
synonym: "gastrointestinal tract lumen" EXACT [FMA:54364]
synonym: "lumen of gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [FMA:54364]
xref: FMA:54364
xref: SCTID:432899004
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011566
name: lumen of esophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a esophagus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of eosophagus" EXACT []
synonym: "cavity of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:9398]
synonym: "eosophageal cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "eosophageal lumen" EXACT []
synonym: "eosophagus lumen" EXACT []
synonym: "esophageal cavity" EXACT [FMA:9398]
synonym: "esophageal lumen" EXACT [FMA:9398]
synonym: "esophagus lumen" EXACT [FMA:9398]
xref: FMA:9398
xref: SCTID:322648002
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011565 ! lumen of gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011574
name: mesonephric duct lumen
namespace: uberon
def: "A tube lumen that is part of a mesonephric duct." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cavity of nephric duct" RELATED []
synonym: "nephric duct lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001244]
xref: EHDAA2:0001244
is_a: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct
intersection_of: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011575
name: styloid process of ulna
namespace: uberon
def: "The styloid process of the ulna projects from the medial and back part of the bone; it descends a little lower than the head, and its rounded end affords attachment to the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ulnar_styloid_process]
synonym: "processus styloideus ulnae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Ulnar_styloid_process]
synonym: "ulnar styloid process" EXACT [FMA:23628]
xref: FMA:23628
xref: SCTID:181952009
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004408 ! distal epiphysis of ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011576
name: supra-orbital region of bone
namespace: uberon
def: "a bony ridge located above the eye sockets of all primates. In Homo sapiens sapiens (modern humans) the eyebrows are located on their lower margin[WP]." [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge]
comment: see also: xref: AAO:0000590
synonym: "arcus superciliaris " RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge]
synonym: "eyebrow bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge]
synonym: "frontal torus" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge]
synonym: "margin of the orbit" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge]
synonym: "margo supraorbitalis (os frontale)" RELATED [FMA:53097]
synonym: "superciliary ridge" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge]
synonym: "supra-orbital margin of frontal bone" RELATED [FMA:53097]
synonym: "supraorbital arch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge]
synonym: "supraorbital margin" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge]
synonym: "supraorbital surface of frontal bone" RELATED [FMA:57137]
synonym: "supraorbital torus" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_ridge]
xref: FMA:53097
xref: FMA:57137
xref: UMLS:C2826587
xref: ncithesaurus:Orbital_Ridge
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0008001  ! irregular bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
property_value: taxon_notes "Neanderthals have a Supraorbital torus, a prominent, trabecular (spongy) brow ridge." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011577
name: flexural organ
namespace: uberon
def: "a portion of tissue that is the most anterior portion of the notochord. The flexural organ secretes Reissner's fiber-related proteins, including F-spondin." [ZFA:0007071, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&atid=994726]
comment: Taxon notes: may be an ontogenetical remnant of the infundibular organ in cephalochordates. Editor notes: we cannot classify as a secretory circumventricular organ, as this leads to unsatisfiability
xref: ZFA:0007071
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0010134 ! secretory circumventricular organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002328 ! notochord
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7711

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011579
name: venom gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland that secretes venom." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Note we include a separate class for snake venom glands
subset: functional_classification  ! functional_classification
xref: SCTID:362181001
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
relationship: secretes UBERON:0007113 ! venom
intersection_of: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0007113 ! venom
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6656
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7898
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8314
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9257

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011581
name: platypus calcaneus spur
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: The female platypus, in common with echidnas, has rudimentary spur buds which do not develop (dropping off before the end of their first year) and lack functional crural glands. Not to be confused with 'calcaneal spur', a small osteophyte (bone spur) located on the calcaneus (heel bone)
synonym: "ankle spur" RELATED []
synonym: "calcaneus spur" RELATED []
synonym: "hind-leg spur" RELATED []
synonym: "poisonous ankle spur" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9257

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011582
name: limb/fin skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb or fin." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "skeletal parts of limb/fin" EXACT []
synonym: "skeleton of limb/fin" EXACT []
xref: VSAO:0000301
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin
property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision that is part of the paired limb/fin.[VSAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011583
name: stylopodial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Proximal element of a free limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0005007]
synonym: "propodial skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "propodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005007]
synonym: "stylopod" RELATED [VSAO:0005007]
synonym: "stylopodium" RELATED []
synonym: "stylopodium skeleton" EXACT []
xref: VSAO:0005007
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010712  ! limb skeleton subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 ! skeleton of limb
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod
property_value: external_definition "Proximal element of the limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively.[VSAO]" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "propodial" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "stylopodial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011584
name: zeugopodial skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Section of the forelimb skeleton located between the stylopodium and the autopodium." [VSAO:0005010]
synonym: "epipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005010]
synonym: "skeleton of zeugopod" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "zeugopod skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "zygopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005010]
xref: VSAO:0005010
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010712  ! limb skeleton subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 ! skeleton of limb
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0011583 ! stylopodial skeleton
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod
property_value: has_relational_adjective "zeugopodial" xsd:string
property_value: has_relational_adjective "zygopodial" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011585
name: cell condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that is an aggregation of similar cells from which cartilages and bones form, and from which chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are initiated during repair and/or regeneration. (Hall and Miyake 1995)." [VSAO:0000006]
comment: Editor notes: consider obsoleting, coordinate with VSAO
xref: VSAO:0000006
xref: XAO:0004021
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011586
name: obsolete proteinaceous extracellular matrix
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
comment: obsoleted as it was already present in GO

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011587
name: pre-dentine
namespace: uberon
def: "Odontogenic tissue that is collagen-rich and characteristic of vertebrate teeth and tooth-like structures (e.g., odontodes) deposited by preodontoblasts and odontoblasts that are typically excluded from the matrix[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000071]
synonym: "pre-dentine tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "predentin" EXACT [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3360947]
synonym: "predentine tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
xref: VSAO:0000071
xref: XAO:0004052
is_a: UBERON:0010365  ! odontoid tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011588
name: pre-enamel
namespace: uberon
def: "Odontogenic tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by preameloblast and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix." [VSAO:0000066]
synonym: "pre-enamel tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "preenamel tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
xref: VSAO:0000066
xref: XAO:0004202
is_a: UBERON:0010365  ! odontoid tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011589
name: non-mineralized cartilage tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Cartilage tissue that is not mineralized." [VSAO:0000089]
comment: Editor notes: add developmental relationships
xref: VSAO:0000089
xref: XAO:0004044
is_a: UBERON:0002418  ! cartilage tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011590
name: commissure of diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "A commissure that is part of a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon commissure" EXACT [FMA:62445]
xref: FMA:62445
is_a: UBERON:0005970  ! brain commissure
is_a: UBERON:0011591  ! tract of diencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0001020  ! commissure
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011591
name: tract of diencephalon
namespace: uberon
def: "An axon tract that is part of a diencephalon." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "diencephalon tract" EXACT [FMA:62447]
xref: FMA:62447
is_a: UBERON:0007702  ! tract of brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0001018  ! axon tract
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011592
name: future upper lip
namespace: uberon
synonym: "upper jaw future lip" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002120]
xref: EHDAA2:0002120
is_a: UBERON:0003235  ! epithelium of upper jaw
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011593
name: maxillary tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "Tooth that is attached to a maxilla[TAO,modified]." [TAO:0001627]
synonym: "maxillary teeth" EXACT PLURAL [AAO:0000287]
xref: AAO:0000287
xref: SCTID:422279005
xref: TAO:0001627
is_a: UBERON:0003267  ! tooth of upper jaw
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009680 ! set of upper jaw teeth
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
property_value: external_definition "Tooth that is attached to the maxilla.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011594
name: dentary tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "Tooth that is attached to a dentary/mandible[TAO,modified]." [TAO:0001628]
comment: Editor notes: Note that we treat dentary tooth and mandibular tooth as equivalent
synonym: "mandibular teeth" RELATED PLURAL [AAO:0000641]
synonym: "mandibular tooth" RELATED []
synonym: "tooth of dentary" RELATED []
xref: AAO:0000125
xref: AAO:0000641
xref: SCTID:245547003
xref: TAO:0001628
is_a: UBERON:0003268  ! tooth of lower jaw
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004742 ! dentary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009679 ! set of lower jaw teeth
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0004742 ! dentary
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of dentary tooth row (TAO:0001952)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Tooth that is attached to the dentary.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011595
name: jaw region
namespace: uberon
comment: there are two jaw regions: the upper and lower. Each jaw region can be subdivided into left and right halves
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
property_value: seeAlso http://eol.org/collections/11578

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011596
name: future lower lip
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lower jaw future lip" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001020]
xref: EHDAA2:0001020
is_a: UBERON:0003236  ! epithelium of lower jaw
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005867 ! mandibular prominence
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011597
name: bone of upper jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "Any bone that is part of the upper jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the maxilla, the quadrate (in some species)." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Editor notes: Do not manually classify under here - bones are automatically classified
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "upper jaw bone" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0012360  ! bone of jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011598
name: coronoid bone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "coronoid process" BROAD [TAO:0001673]
xref: AAO:0000103
xref: TAO:0001673
is_a: UBERON:0004768  ! bone of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011601
name: gingiva of upper jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "A gingiva that is part of a upper jaw region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gum of maxilla" EXACT []
synonym: "gum of upper jaw" EXACT [EMAPA:18970]
synonym: "upper jaw gingiva" EXACT [FMA:59763]
xref: EMAPA:18970
xref: FMA:59763
xref: SCTID:304703001
is_a: UBERON:0001828  ! gingiva
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001828  ! gingiva
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011602
name: gingiva of lower jaw
namespace: uberon
def: "A gingiva that is part of a lower jaw region." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "gum of lower jaw" EXACT [EMAPA:18967]
synonym: "gum of mandible" EXACT []
synonym: "lower jaw gingiva" EXACT [FMA:59764]
xref: EMAPA:18967
xref: FMA:59764
xref: SCTID:304704007
is_a: UBERON:0001828  ! gingiva
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001828  ! gingiva
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011603
name: coronoid tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "Tooth that is attached to a coronoid bone." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "coronoid teeth" EXACT PLURAL [AAO:0000104]
xref: AAO:0000104
is_a: UBERON:0003268  ! tooth of lower jaw
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011598 ! coronoid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009679 ! set of lower jaw teeth
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0011598 ! coronoid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011604
name: carina of sternum
namespace: uberon
def: "An extension of the sternum (breastbone) which runs axially along the midline of the sternum and extends outward, perpendicular to the plane of the ribs[WP]." [Wikipedia:Keel_(bird)]
synonym: "carina" BROAD []
synonym: "keel" BROAD []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Br%C3%A9chet.png/180px-Br%C3%A9chet.png
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011605
name: supracoracoideus
namespace: uberon
def: "'A muscle in the bird's thorax region that originates from carina of the sternum, furcula, and sternal ribs and inserts onto proximal dorsal surface of the humerus. It acts as a primary elevator of the wing in upstroke. [Manual of Ornithology: Avian Structure and Function, by Proctor and Lynch, 1998]." [ID:KFC0000604]
synonym: "pectoralis minor" RELATED [ID:KFC0000604]
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Wing_Muscles%2C_color.svg
is_a: UBERON:0008196  ! muscle of pectoral girdle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 ! rib
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007841 ! furcula
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0011604 ! carina of sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011606
name: hyomandibular bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and (in teleosts) articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and the opercle posteriorly[TAO,modified]." [TAO:0000672, Wikipedia:Hyomandibula]
comment: In most teleosts, there is a symplectic, and the hyomandibula articulates with it anteroventrally.
synonym: "hyomandibula" BROAD [TAO:0000672]
synonym: "hyomandibular" BROAD [TAO:0000672, Wikipedia:Hyomandibula]
xref: EFO:0003556
xref: TAO:0000672
xref: VHOG:0000688
xref: ZFA:0000672
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011608  ! hyomandibular element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011607 ! hyomandibular cartilage
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibula-metapterygoid joint (TAO:0001979)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibula-opercle joint (TAO:0005265)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibular-otic region joint (TAO:0001947)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps preopercle vertical limb-hyomandibula joint (TAO:0005278)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps quadrate-hyomandibula joint (TAO:0001801)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and the opercle posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "This structure (the hyomandibular), on ontogenic grounds alone, can be considered homologous with the amphibian and reptilian columella and the mammalian stapes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011607
name: hyomandibular cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "Cartilage form of the hyomandibular element." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Taxon notes: The stapes is homologous to the hyomandibula. In this ontology, we use the class 'hyomandibular cartilage' generally to include the future stapes, the future hyomandibular bone of teleosts and the unossified cartilage in sharks.
synonym: "hyosymplectic cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001422]
synonym: "symplectic cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0001422]
xref: EFO:0003686
xref: TAO:0001422
xref: VHOG:0000688
xref: ZFA:0001422
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0011608  ! hyomandibular element
property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the chondrocranium dorsally, the opercle bone posteriorly, and the palatoquadrate cartilage anteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "This structure (the hyomandibular), on ontogenic grounds alone, can be considered homologous with the amphibian and reptilian columella and the mammalian stapes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011608
name: hyomandibular element
namespace: uberon
def: "the upper paired deep bone or cartilage of the hyoid region, sometimes taking part in jaw suspension and which supports the opercle. Dorsally it articulates with the otic capsule at the hyomandibular fossa, ventrally with the quadrate and symplectic. In most Teleostei it has a foramen for the hyomandibular branch of the facial nerve (VII)." [http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/en_ichthyology/8715/hyomandibula]
synonym: "epihyal" RELATED INCONSISTENT [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/gill_arches/gill_arches.html]
synonym: "hyomandibula - stapes" EXACT [VHOG:0000688]
synonym: "hyomandibula element" EXACT []
xref: TAO:0000672
xref: VHOG:0000688
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010522  ! replacement element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011152 ! dorsal hyoid arch skeleton
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibula-metapterygoid joint (TAO:0001979)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibula-opercle joint (TAO:0005265)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibular-otic region joint (TAO:0001947)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps preopercle vertical limb-hyomandibula joint (TAO:0005278)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps quadrate-hyomandibula joint (TAO:0001801)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_comment "In most teleosts, there is a symplectic, and the hyomandibula articulates with it anteroventrally.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and the opercle posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "This structure (the hyomandibular), on ontogenic grounds alone, can be considered homologous with the amphibian and reptilian columella and the mammalian stapes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011609
name: ceratohyal element
namespace: uberon
synonym: "keratohyal element" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010522  ! replacement element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011153 ! ventral hyoid arch skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011610
name: ceratohyal cartilage
namespace: uberon
xref: TAO:0001400
xref: ZFA:0001400
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0011609  ! ceratohyal element
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ceratohyal-branchiostegal ray joint (TAO:0001850)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps dorsal hypohyal-urohyal joint (TAO:0001847)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps epihyal-branchiostegal ray joint (TAO:0001849)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps inter-ventral hypohyal joint (TAO:0001846)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps interhyal-epihyal joint (TAO:0001841)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ventral hypohyal-urohyal joint (TAO:0001848)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and the largest cartilaginous component of the ventral hyoid arch.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011611
name: ceratohyal bone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior ceratohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578]
synonym: "anterohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578]
synonym: "anterohyals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000578]
synonym: "ceratohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578]
synonym: "ceratohyal anterior" EXACT [TAO:0000578]
synonym: "ceratohyal bone" EXACT [TAO:0000578]
synonym: "ceratohyale" RELATED [AAO:0000666]
synonym: "ceratohyals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000578]
synonym: "ceratohyoid" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "ceratohyoid bone" EXACT []
synonym: "distal ceratohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578]
synonym: "hyale" RELATED [AAO:0000666]
synonym: "hyoid" RELATED [AAO:0000666]
synonym: "keratohyale" RELATED [AAO:0000666]
synonym: "rostral ceratohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578]
synonym: "zungenbeinknorpel" RELATED [AAO:0000666]
xref: AAO:0000666
xref: SCTID:370641002
xref: TAO:0000578
xref: ZFA:0000578
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011609  ! ceratohyal element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011610 ! ceratohyal cartilage
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0003998 ! hyoid bone lesser horn
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ceratohyal-branchiostegal ray joint (TAO:0001850)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ceratohyal-dorsal hypohyal joint (TAO:0001843)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ceratohyal-ventral hypohyal joint (TAO:0001844)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps epihyal-ceratohyal joint (TAO:0001842)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the hypohyal cartilage or bone, dorsal and ventral hypohyals, and posterior ceratohyal posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011612
name: hypohyal cartilage
namespace: uberon
xref: TAO:0001868
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0011613  ! hypohyal element
property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates posteriorly with the ceratohyal cartilage.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011613
name: hypohyal element
namespace: uberon
def: "The hypohyal is a ventral element of the hyoid arch which links the ceratohyal and the basihyal." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/gill_arches/hypohyal.html]
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010522  ! replacement element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011153 ! ventral hyoid arch skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011614
name: basihyal element
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal element that is median and is the anterior-most element of the ventral hyoid arch." [TAO:0001891]
xref: TAO:0001891
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010522  ! replacement element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011153 ! ventral hyoid arch skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011615
name: basihyal cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is median and is the anterior-most cartilage of the ventral hyoid arch." [TAO:0001510]
synonym: "copula 1" EXACT [TAO:0001510]
xref: TAO:0001510
xref: ZFA:0001510
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage
is_a: UBERON:0011614  ! basihyal element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011618
name: basihyal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Replacement bone that is median and is the anterior-most bone of the ventral hyoid arch." [TAO:0000316]
synonym: "basihyoid" EXACT [TAO:0000316]
synonym: "glossohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000316]
xref: TAO:0000316
xref: VSAO_RETIRED:0000007
xref: ZFA:0000316
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0011614  ! basihyal element
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011615 ! basihyal cartilage
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0003999 ! hyoid bone body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011619
name: stylohyoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "This is the paired bone that makes up the segment of the mammalian hyoid apparatus connecting the epihyoids with the skull via the tympanohyoid cartilages on each side. Ventrally, it defines the medial and lateral compartments of the guttural pouch in the horse." [MURDOCH:1758]
comment: Taxon notes: The stylohyoid bone is one of the four bones ( stylohyoid, ceratohyoid, basihyoid, thyrohyoid) of the hyoid apparatus in the horse. Other species have five bones, the fifth being the epihyoid that is not present in the horse. The stylohyoid bone in the horse is significantly larger compared to other bones of the hyoid apparatus and divides the guttural pouch into two chambers, medial and lateral. The hyoid apparatus consists of a series of bony rods, jointed together and forming a means of suspending the tongue and larynx from the skull[MURDOCH]
xref: SCTID:370715004
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011620
name: basihyal lingual process
namespace: uberon
def: "A projection on the basihyal bone. Laterally the lingual process is compressed. It has a blunt pointed free end, and its lateral surfaces are slightly concave. The dorsal border is thin and irregular, and the ventral border is thick and rough. In the living animal the lingual process is embedded within the root of the tongue." [MURDOCH:1080]
synonym: "lingual process of basihyoid" EXACT []
synonym: "lingual process of basihyoid bone" EXACT []
synonym: "lingual process of hyoid" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004530  ! bony projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011618 ! basihyal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011621
name: thyrohyoid cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "This small finger of cartilage completes the connection between the thyrohyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage (rostral cornu)" [MURDOCH:2033]
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0011622 ! thyrohyoid bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0011623 ! horn of thyroid cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011622
name: thyrohyoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Is a laterally bowed, sagitally compressed, slender element that extends from dorsocaudally from the lateral parts of the basihyoid. It connects the basiohyoid with the rostral corner of the thyroid cartlilage of the larynx." [MURDOCH:1951]
xref: SCTID:370708007
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0011618 ! basihyal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0011623 ! horn of thyroid cartilage
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011623
name: horn of thyroid cartilage
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cornu of thyroid cartilage" EXACT [FMA:55300]
synonym: "thyroid cartilage horn" EXACT [FMA:55300]
xref: FMA:55300
xref: SCTID:279518009
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004765  ! skeletal element
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011624
name: superior horn of thyroid cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior horn of thyroid cartilage is long and narrow, directed upward, backward, and medialward, and ends in a conical extremity, which gives attachment to the lateral hyothyroid ligament." [Wikipedia:Superior_horn_of_thyroid_cartilage]
synonym: "cornu superius (cartilago thyroidea)" EXACT [FMA:55294]
synonym: "cornu superius cartilaginis thyroideae" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "superior cornu of thyroid cartilage" EXACT [FMA:55294]
xref: FMA:55294
xref: SCTID:279520007
is_a: UBERON:0011623  ! horn of thyroid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011625
name: inferior horn of thyroid cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior horn of thyroid cartilage is short and thick; it is directed downward, with a slight inclination forward and medialward, and presents, on the medial side of its tip, a small oval articular facet for articulation with the side of the cricoid cartilage." [Wikipedia:Inferior_horn_of_thyroid_cartilage]
synonym: "cornu inferius (cartilago thyroidea)" EXACT [FMA:55297]
synonym: "cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae" EXACT LATIN []
xref: FMA:55297
xref: SCTID:279521006
is_a: UBERON:0011623  ! horn of thyroid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011626
name: tympanohyoid cartilage
namespace: uberon
def: "the terminal segment in the chain of skeletal elements of the hyoid apparatus. One of a pair of rods of cartilage that connect the hyoid bone to the styloid process of the petrous part of the temporal bone" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tympanohyoid]
xref: SCTID:370702008
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011004  ! pharyngeal arch cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0003960 ! styloid process of temporal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011627
name: orbital part of frontal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The orbital or horizontal part of the frontal bone (pars orbitalis) consists of two thin triangular plates, the orbital plates, which form the vaults of the orbits, and are separated from one another by a median gap, the ethmoidal notch." [Wikipedia:Orbital_part_of_frontal_bone]
synonym: "pars orbitalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbital_part_of_frontal_bone]
synonym: "pars orbitalis (os frontale)" EXACT [FMA:52849]
synonym: "pars orbitalis ossis frontalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbital_part_of_frontal_bone]
xref: FMA:52849
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: in_lateral_side_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011628
name: early premaxilla
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001495
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0007842  ! membrane bone
is_a: UBERON:0011597  ! bone of upper jaw
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010334 ! maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011629
name: supratemporal bone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "supratemporal" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011630
name: intertemporal bone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intertemporal" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011631
name: tabular bone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "tabular" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002514  ! intramembranous bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011634
name: ectopterygoid bone
namespace: uberon
def: "a palatal bone which -- like many palatal bones -- may originally have developed as a dermal bone replacing part of the palatoquadrate, the primitive upper jaw.  Like the palatine (also called dermopalatine), the ectopterygoid replaces the middle part of the autopalatine.  It may be serially homologous with the palatine(s), but is somewhat specialized, being the last (most posterior in palatal view) of the series and bordering the fossa for the jaw muscles.  In a typical tetrapod it abuts the palatine anteriorly, the maxilla laterally, the pterygoid or the fossa mandubuaris medially, and the fossa posteriorly" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html]
comment: Provenance notes: taken from TAO but is present in tetrapods
synonym: "ectopterygoid" EXACT [TAO:0000656]
xref: EFO:0003552
xref: TAO:0000656
xref: ZFA:0000656
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
is_a: UBERON:0012071  ! palate bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium
relationship: serially_homologous_to UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone
property_value: external_comment "The ectopterygoid is often toothed.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms the lateral border of the palate and articulates with the quadrate posteriorly, the entopterygoid medially and the dermopalatine and/or autopalatine antero-laterally. The ectopterygoid is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011635
name: splenial bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The splenial is a small bone in the lower jaw of reptiles, amphibians and birds, usually located on the lingual side (closest to the tongue) between the angular and suprangular." [Wikipedia:Splenial]
synonym: "splenial" EXACT [AAO:0000573]
xref: AAO:0000573
xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/Dentary1.gif
is_a: UBERON:0004768  ! bone of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011637
name: prearticular bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Osseous element of intramembranous origin that extends along the lingual margin of Meckel's cartilage." [AAO:0000458]
synonym: "prearticular" EXACT [AAO:0000458]
xref: AAO:0000458
xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/Dentary1.gif
is_a: UBERON:0004768  ! bone of lower jaw
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011638
name: pharyngeal arch 8
namespace: uberon
synonym: "branchial arch 6" RELATED []
synonym: "gill arch 6" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral arch 8" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0008896  ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch
property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011639
name: frontoparietal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "An anuran dermal bone that usually is paired and roofs the braincase." [AAO:0000207]
synonym: "fronto-parietaux" RELATED [AAO:0000207]
synonym: "frontoparietal" EXACT [AAO:0000207]
synonym: "os fronto-parietale" RELATED [AAO:0000207]
synonym: "parietaux" RELATED [AAO:0000207]
synonym: "parietofrontal" RELATED [AAO:0000207]
xref: AAO:0000207
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011640
name: palatoglossal arch
namespace: uberon
def: "A fold that lies between the mouth and pharynx and marks the posterior border of the mouth" [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch]
synonym: "anterior pillar of fauces" EXACT [FMA:55024]
synonym: "arcus glossopalatinus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch]
synonym: "arcus palatoglossus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch]
synonym: "glossopalatine arch" EXACT [FMA:55024]
synonym: "plica anterior faucium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:55024
xref: SCTID:276958001
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011641
name: odontogenic papilla of molar
namespace: uberon
def: "An odontogenic papilla that is part of a molar tooth [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "molar mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "molar odontogenic papilla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "molar tooth odontogenic papilla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "odontogenic papilla of molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0001763  ! odontogenic papilla
is_a: UBERON:0010258  ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010259 ! 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth
intersection_of: UBERON:0001763  ! odontogenic papilla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011642
name: oral epithelium from ectoderm
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that develops_from a ectoderm and is part of a oral epithelium." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EHDAA2:0004137
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0002424  ! oral epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009479 ! ectoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002424 ! oral epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002424 ! oral epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011643
name: puboischiofemoralis internus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a single large dorsal limb rotator muscle in lower tetrapods that runs from the lumber region and girdle to the femur." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Taxon notes: 3 muscles differentiate from this: psoas, iliacus and pectineus.
synonym: "puboischiofemoralis internus" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
is_a: UBERON:0004518  ! muscle of vertebral column
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011644
name: puboischiofemoralis externus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "a single large ventral muscle in lower tetrapods that runs from the pubis and aschium to the femur." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Taxon notes: obturator externus and quadratus femoris are derivatives
synonym: "puboischiofemoralis externus" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001274 ! ischium
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011645
name: iliofemoralis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Limb extensor that runs from ilium to femur." [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "iliofemoralis" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 ! ilium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001325  ! muscle of pelvis
intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur
intersection_of: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 ! ilium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011646
name: patagialis muscle
namespace: uberon
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
is_a: UBERON:0008196  ! muscle of pectoral girdle
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011647
name: depressor mandibulae muscle
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: Homolog of levator operculi and epihyoidean - or in mammals, the stapedius (the digastric opens the jaws)[Kardong] The (sphenodon) m. Depressor Mandibulae originates from the posterodorsal edge of the parietal and squamosal, and from a small mid-line portion of connective tissue[http://palaeo-electronica.org/2009_2/179/other.htm]
synonym: "depressor labi mandibularis" EXACT []
synonym: "depressor labi mandibularis muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "depressor mandibulae" EXACT [AAO:0010715]
xref: AAO:0010715
xref: VHOG:0000813
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
is_a: UBERON:0011648  ! jaw muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
property_value: homology_notes "The depressor mandibulae of tetrapods, which opens the jaws, is the homologue of the levator operculi and epihyoidean. In mammals, the depressor mandibulae evolves into the stapedius (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011648
name: jaw muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "mandibular muscle" EXACT [TAO:0000236]
synonym: "mandibular muscles" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000236]
xref: AAO:0000247
xref: EFO:0003511
xref: TAO:0000236
xref: XAO:0003269
xref: ZFA:0000236
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011649
name: levator operculi
namespace: uberon
def: "Hyoid muscle that originates at the ventrolateral margin of the pterotic and inserts in the dorsomesial edge of the opercle.  The levator operculi is responible for jaw depression, its force of contraction is transmitted through the opercular series and the interoperculo-mandibular ligament to the lower jaw." [ZFA:0000537]
comment: inserts onto operculum[Kardong]
synonym: "levator operculae" EXACT [ZFA:0000537]
synonym: "levator operculi muscle" EXACT []
xref: TAO:0000537
xref: VHOG:0000813
xref: ZFA:0000537
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
is_a: UBERON:0005493  ! hyoid muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
property_value: homology_notes "The depressor mandibulae of tetrapods, which opens the jaws, is the homologue of the levator operculi and epihyoidean. In mammals, the depressor mandibulae evolves into the stapedius (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011650
name: epihyoidean
namespace: uberon
comment: Muscle in sharks that is homologous to levator operculi and depressor mandibulae / stapedius
xref: VHOG:0000813
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
is_a: UBERON:0005493  ! hyoid muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve
property_value: homology_notes "The depressor mandibulae of tetrapods, which opens the jaws, is the homologue of the levator operculi and epihyoidean. In mammals, the depressor mandibulae evolves into the stapedius (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011651
name: ventral head of rib
namespace: uberon
def: "Ventral head of a bicapitate rib. It articulates with the parapophysis[AAO]." [AAO:0000723]
comment: Taxon notes: Ribs of primitive tetrapods are bicipital (having two heads)[Kardong].
synonym: "capitulum" NARROW []
synonym: "capitulum of costa" EXACT []
synonym: "capitulum of rib" EXACT [AAO:0000723]
synonym: "costal capitulum" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000723
is_a: UBERON:0002230  ! head of rib
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003109 ! parapophysis
intersection_of: UBERON:0002230  ! head of rib
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003109 ! parapophysis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011652
name: dorsal head of rib
namespace: uberon
def: "Dorsal head of a bicapitate rib. It articulates with the diapophysis[AAO]." [AAO:0000722]
comment: Taxon notes: Ribs of primitive tetrapods are bicipital (having two heads)[Kardong]. Terminology notes: sometimes called the tuberculum, but not to be confused with the tubercle, which is between body and neck
synonym: "tuberculum" BROAD [AAO:0000722]
synonym: "tuberculum of rib" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000722
is_a: UBERON:0002230  ! head of rib
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0011653 ! diapophysis of rib
intersection_of: UBERON:0002230  ! head of rib
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0011653 ! diapophysis of rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011653
name: diapophysis of rib
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired processes that arise near the midpoint of the neural arch lamina, for the attachment of the tuberculum of two-headed ribs. Also called transverse processes. In anurans, the term diapophysis is used in reference to the modified transverse processes of the sacral vertebra elaborated for support of the pelvic girdle." [AAO:0000706]
synonym: "diapophysis" EXACT [AAO:0000706]
xref: AAO:0000706
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011655
name: interclavicle
namespace: uberon
def: "Dermal bone of pectoral girdle that is median and ventral in position." [VSAO:0000161]
comment: See discussion on pectoral girdles - change relationship to overlaps? Kardong: enlarged oval scale. // Present in therapids and monotremes, reduced in size in marsupials and placentals.
xref: VSAO:0000161
is_a: UBERON:0007829  ! pectoral girdle bone
is_a: UBERON:0008907  ! dermal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! pectoral girdle skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011675
name: perichordal ring
namespace: uberon
def: "Enlarged section of perichordal tube that is arranged serially but out of phase with segmental musculature." [ISBN10:0073040584]
xref: AAO:0000738
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007862 ! perichordal tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011676
name: axial subdivision of organism
namespace: uberon
def: "A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along its anterio-posterior axis. In vertebrates, this is based on the vertebral column." [UBERON:cjm]
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011677
name: trunk vertebra
namespace: uberon
def: "A vertebra in the trunk region. For tetrapods, includes lumbar and thoracic vertebrae. Excludes cervical, caudal, sacral (if present)." [UBERONREF:0000006]
synonym: "abdominal vertebra" RELATED [TAO:0000263]
synonym: "abdominal vertebrae" RELATED [TAO:0000263]
synonym: "precaudal vertebra" RELATED [TAO:0000263]
synonym: "precaudal vertebrae" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000263]
synonym: "thoracolumbar vertebra" EXACT []
synonym: "trunk vertebra" RELATED [TAO:0000263]
synonym: "trunk vertebrae" RELATED [TAO:0000263]
xref: TAO:0000263
xref: ZFA:0000263
is_a: UBERON:0003463  ! trunk bone
is_a: UBERON:0004247  ! back bone
is_a: UBERON:0004451  ! trunk or cervical vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009568 ! trunk region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0002412  ! vertebra
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009568 ! trunk region of vertebral column
property_value: external_definition "Post-Weberian vertebrae lacking hemal spines (Weitzman, 1962), refers generally to the anterior vertebral region bounding the abdominal cavity.  Alternate but not quite synonymous terms are abdominal or trunk vertebrae, which bear parapophyses and ribs. In many actinopterygians dorsal to the posterior abdominal cavity there are transitional vertebrae lacking ribs but also without hemal spines or sometimes even enclosed hemal arches. The primary definition would identify these vertebrae as precaudal. Bird and Mabee, 2003.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011678
name: hindlimb intermedium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intermedium (hind)" EXACT [AAO:0000923]
xref: AAO:0000923
is_a: UBERON:0011679  ! proximal tarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011679
name: proximal tarsal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A tarsal bone that connected_to a hindlimb zeugopod skeleton." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011683
name: adductor mandibulae
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal adductor mandibulae" EXACT [ZFA:0007049]
synonym: "m. adductor mandibulae" EXACT []
xref: TAO:0007049
xref: ZFA:0007049
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011648  ! jaw muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011684
name: levator palatoquadrati
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011648  ! jaw muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011685
name: preorbitalis
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011648  ! jaw muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011683 ! adductor mandibulae

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011686
name: spiracularis
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011648  ! jaw muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011687
name: levator hyomandibulae muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "levator hyomandibulae" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001577  ! facial nerve muscle
is_a: UBERON:0005493  ! hyoid muscle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011688
name: pre-enameloid
namespace: uberon
def: "Odontoid tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by odontoblasts and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix." [VSAO:0000114]
synonym: "non-mineralized enameloid tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
xref: VSAO:0000114
xref: XAO:0004203
is_a: UBERON:0010365  ! odontoid tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011692
name: enameloid
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal tissue that is hypermineralized and aprismatic and deposited by a combination of ameloblasts and odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enameloid develops from pre-enameloid tissue." [VSAO:0000113]
synonym: "bitypic enamel" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "durodentine" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "enameloid tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
synonym: "vitrodentine" EXACT [VSAO:curator]
xref: VHOG:0001565
xref: VSAO:0000113
xref: XAO:0004199
xref: ZFA:0005142
is_a: UBERON:0010365  ! odontoid tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011688 ! pre-enameloid
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011694
name: embryo portion of umbilical artery
namespace: uberon
def: "Each of the two arteries arising from the hypogastric arteries of the fetus and passing throught the umbilical cord to the placenta." [VHOG:0000599]
synonym: "embryonic umbilical artery" EXACT [VHOG:0000599]
xref: VHOG:0000599
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system
property_value: external_definition "Each of the two arteries arising from the hypogastric arteries of the fetus and passing throught the umbilical cord to the placenta. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011695
name: embryonic cardiovascular system
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiovascular system that is part of a conceptus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "conceptus cardiovascular system" EXACT []
synonym: "embryonic circulatory system" RELATED []
synonym: "fetal circulatory system" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000216
is_a: UBERON:0004535  ! cardiovascular system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004716 ! conceptus
intersection_of: UBERON:0004535  ! cardiovascular system
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004716 ! conceptus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011698
name: midgut loop
namespace: uberon
def: "Portion of midgut after it bends around the superior mesenteric artery" [Wikipedia:Wikipedia]
xref: EMAPA:17036
xref: UMLS:C1513298
xref: VHOG:0000673
xref: ncithesaurus:Midgut_Loop
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011737
name: caudate lobe hepatic sinusoids
namespace: uberon
def: "A hepatic sinusoid that is part of a caudate lobe of liver." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "liver right caudate lobe hepatic sinusoids" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001006]
xref: EHDAA2:0001006
xref: EHDAA:6992
xref: EMAPA:18314
xref: VHOG:0000711
is_a: UBERON:0009548  ! hepatic sinusoid of left of lobe of liver
is_a: UBERON:0009549  ! hepatic sinusoid of right of lobe of liver
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001117 ! caudate lobe of liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001117 ! caudate lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0001281  ! hepatic sinusoid
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001117 ! caudate lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011738
name: quadrate lobe hepatic sinusoids
namespace: uberon
def: "A hepatic sinusoid that is part of a quadrate lobe of liver." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "liver right quadrate lobe hepatic sinusoids" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001013]
xref: EHDAA2:0001013
xref: EHDAA:8084
xref: EMAPA:18319
xref: VHOG:0000712
is_a: UBERON:0009549  ! hepatic sinusoid of right of lobe of liver
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001116 ! quadrate lobe of liver
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001116 ! quadrate lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0001281  ! hepatic sinusoid
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001116 ! quadrate lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011741
name: cardiac valve leaflet
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000946 ! cardial valve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011742
name: aortic valve leaflet
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac valve leaflet that is part of a aortic valve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "aortic valve leaflets" EXACT [VHOG:0000819]
xref: EMAPA:18627
xref: VHOG:0000819
is_a: UBERON:0011741  ! cardiac valve leaflet
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010172 ! bulb of aorta
intersection_of: UBERON:0011741  ! cardiac valve leaflet
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve
property_value: homology_notes "Extensive conservation of valve developmental mechanisms also has been observed among vertebrate species including chicken, mouse, and human.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011745
name: pulmonary valve leaflets
namespace: uberon
def: "A cardiac valve leaflet that is part of a pulmonary valve." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18629
xref: VHOG:0000820
is_a: UBERON:0011741  ! cardiac valve leaflet
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve
intersection_of: UBERON:0011741  ! cardiac valve leaflet
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve
property_value: homology_notes "Extensive conservation of valve developmental mechanisms also has been observed among vertebrate species including chicken, mouse, and human.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011754
name: genital swelling
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired structures in the human embryo that represent the final stage of development of the caudal end of the external genitals before sexual differentiation. In both males and females the two swellings merge: in the female, they become the posterior labial commissure; In the male, they become the scrotum" [Wikipedia:Labioscrotal_swelling]
comment: Editor notes: todo - add parthood relationships to tubercles
synonym: "labioscrotal swelling" EXACT []
synonym: "tuberculum labioscrotale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Labioscrotal_swelling]
xref: VHOG:0000976
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005876 ! undifferentiated genital tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011755
name: female labial swelling
namespace: uberon
def: "A genital swelling that is part of a female reproductive system." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "labial swelling" BROAD [EMAPA:18329]
synonym: "labioscrotal swelling of female" EXACT [EMAPA:30423]
xref: EHDAA2:0000501
xref: EHDAA:9363
xref: EMAPA:18329
xref: EMAPA:30423
is_a: UBERON:0011754  ! genital swelling
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006233 ! female genital tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0011754  ! genital swelling
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011756
name: male genital swelling
namespace: uberon
def: "A genital swelling that is part of a male reproductive organ." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "labioscrotal swelling of male" EXACT [EMAPA:30509]
xref: EHDAA2:0001049
is_a: UBERON:0011754  ! genital swelling
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006261 ! male genital tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ
intersection_of: UBERON:0011754  ! genital swelling
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011757
name: differentiated genital tubercle
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Primordial_phallus]
synonym: "phallus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primordial_phallus]
synonym: "phallus primordialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Primordial_phallus]
synonym: "primordial phallus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primordial_phallus]
xref: UMLS:C1514448
xref: ncithesaurus:Primordial_Phallus
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005876 ! undifferentiated genital tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004176 ! external genitalia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011765
name: jugular lymph sac
namespace: uberon
def: "Lymphatic vessels develop from lymph sacs that arise from developing veins, which are derived from mesoderm. The first lymph sacs to appear are the paired jugular lymph sacs at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins." [VHOG:0001000]
xref: EMAPA:18249
xref: VHOG:0001000
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006558 ! lymphatic part of lymphoid system
property_value: external_definition "Lymphatic vessels develop from lymph sacs that arise from developing veins, which are derived from mesoderm. The first lymph sacs to appear are the paired jugular lymph sacs at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_system][VHOG]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Lymph hearts are pulsatile organs, present in lower vertebrates, that function to propel lymph into the venous system. Although they are absent in mammals, the initial veno-lymphatic plexus that forms during mammalian jugular lymph sac development has been described as the vestigial homologue of the nascent stage of ancestral anterior lymph hearts.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011766
name: vagus X nerve left recurrent laryngeal branch
namespace: uberon
synonym: "left recurrent laryngeal branch" EXACT [EMAPA:25350]
synonym: "left recurrent laryngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:14469]
xref: EMAPA:25350
xref: FMA:14469
xref: MA:0001107
xref: SCTID:280300006
is_a: UBERON:0003716  ! recurrent laryngeal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011767
name: vagus X nerve right recurrent laryngeal branch
namespace: uberon
synonym: "right recurrent laryngeal branch" EXACT [EMAPA:17275]
synonym: "right recurrent laryngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:14468]
xref: EMAPA:17275
xref: FMA:14468
xref: MA:0001108
xref: SCTID:280299003
is_a: UBERON:0003716  ! recurrent laryngeal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011768
name: pineal gland stalk
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors note: compare with habenula
synonym: "epiphyseal stalk" EXACT [ZFA:0001292]
synonym: "habenula" RELATED []
synonym: "pineal stalk" EXACT [TAO:0001292]
xref: EMAPA:19036
xref: TAO:0001292
xref: VHOG:0001360
xref: ZFA:0001292
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001905 ! pineal body
property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of pineal complex (TAO:0001359)[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "The stalk emanates from the diencephalic roof at a left-of-medial position.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "The epithalamus contains the epiphysis (pineal gland and related structures), which is located at the end of a stalk, the epiphyseal stalk.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011769
name: cartilaginous projection
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical projection that is composed of cartilage tissue." [VSAO:wd]
synonym: "cartilage process" EXACT []
synonym: "cartilaginous process" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011770
name: mentomeckelian
namespace: uberon
def: "Paired, cylindrical, and small bones of endochondral origin that lie anteromedial to the anterior end of Meckel's cartilage. The precursors of the mentomeckelian bones are the larval infrarostral cartilages." [AAO:0000301]
synonym: "Pars mentalis" RELATED [AAO:0000301]
synonym: "dentale" RELATED [AAO:0000301]
xref: AAO:0000301
is_a: UBERON:0002513  ! endochondral bone
is_a: UBERON:0004768  ! bone of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011771
name: obsolete larval structure
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure that is part of the larva." [AAO:0000265]
is_obsolete: true
comment: Obsolete term in XAO - XAO:0003058

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011772
name: lower jaw opening
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space that is part of a bone of lower jaw." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000273
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011773
name: upper jaw opening
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space that is part of a bone of upper jaw." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: AAO:0000621
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011774
name: utriculosaccular duct
namespace: uberon
def: "A duct connecting the the utricle to the saccule in the membranous labyrinth of the ear." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/utriculosaccular%20duct]
comment: Alternate: leads from the utricle of the internal ear to the endolymphatic duct. - http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/utriculosaccular+duct. We assume a 3-way connection
synonym: "BC6ttcher's canal" EXACT [http://en.wikipedia.org]
synonym: "ductus utricosaccularis" EXACT [FMA:61243]
synonym: "utricosaccular duct" EXACT []
synonym: "utricosaccular duct of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [FMA:61243]
synonym: "utriculo-saccular duct" EXACT []
xref: FMA:61243
xref: SCTID:279811007
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: connects UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth
relationship: connects UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth
relationship: connects UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011775
name: vagus nerve nucleus
namespace: uberon
def: "A cranial nerve nucleus that overlaps a vagus nerve." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "nucleus of vagal X nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of vagal nerve" EXACT []
synonym: "nucleus of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:54573]
synonym: "tenth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54573]
xref: FMA:54573
xref: SCTID:362467005
is_a: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0009662  ! hindbrain nucleus
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain
intersection_of: UBERON:0000126  ! cranial nerve nucleus
intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011776
name: spinal cord dorsal commissural nucleus
namespace: uberon
comment: Editors note: check this one
synonym: "commissural nucleus of spinal cord" RELATED [FMA:73900]
xref: FMA:73900
xref: MA:0001128
is_a: UBERON:0011777  ! nucleus of spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011777
name: nucleus of spinal cord
namespace: uberon
def: "Nucleus of neuraxis which is located within the spinal cord. Example: dorsal nucleus of Clarke, Intermediolateral nucleus." [FMA:77011]
synonym: "spinal cord nucleus" EXACT [FMA:77011]
xref: FMA:77011
is_a: UBERON:0000125  ! neural nucleus
is_a: UBERON:0001948  ! regional part of spinal cord
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord
intersection_of: UBERON:0000125  ! neural nucleus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011778
name: motor nucleus of vagal nerve
namespace: uberon
comment: Usage notes: in ZFA this is the superclass of dorsolateral and medial (which have not been generalized above ZFA). In this ontology it is a broad grouping class covering these zebrafish structures as well as the generalized dorsal motor nucleus
synonym: "motor nucleus X" EXACT [ZFA:0000387]
synonym: "nX" BROAD [ZFA:0000387]
synonym: "nucleus motorius of nervi vagi" EXACT LATIN [ZFA:0000387]
synonym: "vagal lobe" RELATED [ZFA:0000387]
xref: ZFA:0000387
is_a: UBERON:0011775  ! vagus nerve nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011779
name: nerve of head region
namespace: uberon
def: "A nerve that is part of a head." [OBOL:automatic]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "cephalic nerve" RELATED []
synonym: "head nerve" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
intersection_of: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011782
name: feather follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "a small tubular invagination of the skin with a fleshy dermal papilla at the bottom from which the feather grows. The papilla is inserted in the opening at the end of the quill[TMD]. Forms by invagination of cylinder of epidermal tissue at base of feather bud." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/feather+follicle, http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
comment: The follicle consists of a series of tissue layers (from peripheral to central), including the dermis of the follicle, the epidermis of the follicle (outer epidermal layer), the follicle cavity or lumen (the space between epidermal layers), the follicle (epidermal) collar (or inner epidermal layer), and the dermal pulp (tissue at the center of the follicle). The proliferation of feather keratinocytes and most of the growth of the feather occurs in the follicle, or epidermal, collar (From: Prum 1999).
xref: SCTID:68922000
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000022 ! feather
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002067 ! dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011783
name: feather follicle placode
namespace: uberon
def: "an epidermal thickening above a condensation of dermal cells that will give rise to a feather follicle" [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "feather bud primordium" EXACT [PMID:16172986]
synonym: "feather placode" EXACT []
synonym: "feather primordium" EXACT []
xref: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/554images/Feather_follicle_development)v3.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0011817  ! follicle placode
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
intersection_of: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011784
name: feather shaft
namespace: uberon
synonym: "feather shaft" EXACT []
synonym: "shaft of feather" EXACT []
synonym: "stem of feather" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:66810005
is_a: UBERON:0000025  ! tube
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011785
name: ramus of feather barb
namespace: uberon
synonym: "barb ramus" RELATED []
synonym: "main shaft of feather barb" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008294 ! feather barb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011786
name: ramus of feather barbule
namespace: uberon
synonym: "barb ramus" RELATED [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "main shaft of feather barbule" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008295 ! feather barbule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011792
name: feather muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Similar to erector pili muscles of mammals; attached to the sides of the follicle; capable of elevating or lowering entire groups of feathers." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/feather+follicle]
is_a: UBERON:0004253  ! skin muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011793
name: flight feather
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Flight_feather]
synonym: "contour feather" RELATED [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
is_a: UBERON:0008297  ! pennaceous feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011794
name: rectrix feather
namespace: uberon
def: "A flight feather that lies along a single horizontal row on the rear margin of the anatomical tail. Only the central pair are attached (via ligaments) to the tail bones; the remaining rectrices are embedded into the rectricial bulbs, complex structures of fat and muscle that surround those bones. Rectrices are always paired, with a vast majority of species having six pairs. They are absent in grebes and some ratites, and greatly reduced in size in penguins" [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Rectrices]
synonym: "rectrices" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "rectrix" EXACT []
synonym: "retrices" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "retrix" EXACT []
synonym: "retrix feather" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0011793  ! flight feather
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail
intersection_of: UBERON:0011793  ! flight feather
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011795
name: remex feather
namespace: uberon
def: "A flight feather located on the posterior side of the wing" [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Remiges]
synonym: "remex" BROAD []
synonym: "remiges" EXACT PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0004710  ! pectoral appendage
is_a: UBERON:0011793  ! flight feather
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing
intersection_of: UBERON:0011793  ! flight feather
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011796
name: primary remex feather
namespace: uberon
def: "A remex feather that is connected to the manus" [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Primaries]
comment: these are the longest and narrowest of the remiges (particularly those attached to the phalanges), and they can be individually rotated. These feathers are especially important for flapping flight, as they are the principal source of thrust, moving the bird forward through the air. Most thrust is generated on the downstroke of flapping flight. However, on the upstroke (when the bird often draws its wing in close to its body), the primaries are separated and rotated, reducing air resistance while still helping to provide some thrust
synonym: "primary flight feather" EXACT []
synonym: "primary remex" EXACT []
synonym: "primary remiges" EXACT PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0011795  ! remex feather
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0011795  ! remex feather
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011797
name: secondary remex feather
namespace: uberon
def: "A remex feather that is connected to the ulna " [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Secondaries]
comment: In some species, the ligaments that bind these remiges to the bone connect to small, rounded projections, known as quill knobs, on the ulna; in other species, no such knobs exist. Secondary feathers remain close together in flight (they cannot be individually separated like the primaries can) and help to provide lift by creating the airfoil shape of the bird's wing. Secondaries tend to be shorter and broader than primaries, with blunter ends
synonym: "secondary flight feather" EXACT []
synonym: "secondary remex" EXACT []
synonym: "secondary remiges" EXACT PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0011795  ! remex feather
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001424 ! ulna
intersection_of: UBERON:0011795  ! remex feather
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0001424 ! ulna

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011798
name: tertial remex feather
namespace: uberon
def: "A remex feather that is connected to the humerus." [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Tertials]
comment: ertials are connected to the humerus in some species. These elongated \"true\" tertials act as a protective cover for all or part of the folded primaries and secondaries, and do not qualify as flight feathers as such.[11] However, many authorities use the term tertials to refer to the shorter, more symmetrical innermost secondaries of passerines (which perform the same function as true tertials) in an effort to distinguish them from the other secondaries.
synonym: "tertial flight feather" EXACT []
synonym: "tertial remex" EXACT []
synonym: "tertial remiges" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "tertiary flight feather" EXACT []
synonym: "tertiary remex" EXACT []
synonym: "tertiary remiges" EXACT PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0011795  ! remex feather
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
intersection_of: UBERON:0011795  ! remex feather
intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011799
name: cavity of feather shaft
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a feather shaft." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011800
name: dermal pulp of feather shaft
namespace: uberon
def: "A tissue that is part of a cavity of feather shaft." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011803 ! feather bud, dermal component
relationship: located_in UBERON:0011799 ! cavity of feather shaft
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011801
name: dermal condensation of feather follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A suprabasal cell population which together with the feather follicle placode develops into the feather follicle." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
comment: Taxon notes: The development of placodes where dermal condensations occur, an evolutionary novelty, required changes in gene expression and timing. However, such changes are known to be an important mechanism in the origin of morphological innovations in many other organisms (True and Carroll 2002, Prum 2005)
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011585  ! cell condensation
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
intersection_of: UBERON:0011585  ! cell condensation
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011802
name: feather bud
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "elongate feather bud" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "feather papilla" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0011803 ! feather bud, dermal component
relationship: has_part UBERON:0011804 ! feather bud, epidermal component

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011803
name: feather bud, dermal component
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the feather bud formed by a proliferation of dermal cells" [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "dermal core of feather papilla" EXACT []
synonym: "dermal papilla" BROAD [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "dermal papilla of feather bud" EXACT []
synonym: "dermal papilla of feather papilla" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011801 ! dermal condensation of feather follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011802 ! feather bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011802 ! feather bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011804
name: feather bud, epidermal component
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelial bud that is part of a feather bud." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "feather bud epithelium" EXACT []
synonym: "feather germ" RELATED [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
is_a: UBERON:0005153  ! epithelial bud
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011802 ! feather bud
intersection_of: UBERON:0005153  ! epithelial bud
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011802 ! feather bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011805
name: cavity of feather follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011806
name: dermis of feather follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A tissue that is part of a dermis and is part of a feather follicle." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011804 ! feather bud, epidermal component
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011807
name: epidermis of feather follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "A tissue that is part of a epidermis and is part of a feather follicle." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011804 ! feather bud, epidermal component
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011808
name: outer epidermal layer of feather follicle
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0011807  ! epidermis of feather follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011809
name: inner epidermal layer of feather follicle
namespace: uberon
comment: The proliferation of feather keratinocytes and most of the growth of the feather occurs here
synonym: "epidermal collar" BROAD [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "epidermal collar of feather follicle" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "follicle collar" BROAD [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
synonym: "follicle collar of feather follicle" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm]
is_a: UBERON:0011807  ! epidermis of feather follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011810
name: collection of feathers
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cluster that composed_primarily_of a feather." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "feather coat" EXACT []
synonym: "plumage" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather
intersection_of: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011814
name: non-neurogenic ectodermal placode
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0005085  ! ectodermal placode

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011817
name: follicle placode
namespace: uberon
comment: Includes hair and feather follicles
is_a: UBERON:0011814  ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002067 ! dermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011818
name: superficial fascia
namespace: uberon
def: "Superficial fascia is found in the subcutis in most regions of the body, blending with the reticular layer of the dermis. It is present on the face, over the upper portion of the sternocleidomastoid, at the nape of the neck, and overlying the sternum. It is comprised mainly of loose areolar connective tissue and adipose and is the layer that primarily determines the shape of a body. In addition to its subcutaneous presence, this type of fascia surrounds organs and glands, neurovascular bundles, and is found at many other locations where it fills otherwise unoccupied space. It serves as a storage medium of fat and water; as a passageway for lymph, nerve and blood vessels; and as a protective padding to cushion and insulate. Superficial fascia is present, but does not contain fat, in the eyelids, ear, scrotum, penis and clitoris." [Wikipedia:Superficial_fascia]
comment: We follow FMA, BTO, NCIT and WP in making this a distinct class from hypodermis.
synonym: "subcutaneous tissue" EXACT [FMA:9630]
synonym: "tela subcutanea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0004525
xref: FMA:9630
xref: GAID:929
xref: MESH:A10.165.887
xref: SCTID:361713003
xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Fascia
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011819
name: lumen of atrioventricular canal
namespace: uberon
def: "A tube lumen that is part of a atrioventricular canal." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "AVC lumen" EXACT []
synonym: "cavity of atrioventricular canal" EXACT []
synonym: "lumen of AVC" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000152
is_a: UBERON:0005082  ! tube lumen
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011820
name: atrioventricular region
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004149
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011821
name: irregular connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Connective tissue, which consists of a population of connective tissue cells, the intercellular matrix of which contains an irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, mucoid tissue, connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium." [FMA:20107]
xref: FMA:20107
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011822
name: dense irregular connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Irregular connective tissue is an irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a dense irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium." [FMA:20109, Wikipedia:Dense_irregular_connective_tissue]
synonym: "irregular dense connective tissue" EXACT []
synonym: "typus irregularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus)" EXACT [FMA:20109]
xref: FMA:20109
xref: UMLS:C0738366
xref: ncithesaurus:Irregular_Dense_Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0011821  ! irregular connective tissue
property_value: external_definition "Tissue characterized by a thick, random arrangement of collagen and elastin fibers with very few cells. The majority of the cells are fibroblasts, but mast cells and macrophages may also be seen. It is found in the dermis, periosteum, perichondrium, capsules of organs and sheaths of nerves and muscles[NCIT]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011823
name: dense connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Dense connective tissue is mainly composed of collagen type I. Crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts, fiber-forming cells, that manufacture the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints. Ligaments are more stretchy and contain more elastic fibers than tendons. Dense connective tissue also make up the lower layers of the skin (dermis), where it is arranged in sheets" [Wikipedia:Dense_connective_tissue]
xref: AAO:0000121
xref: UMLS:C1511770
xref: ncithesaurus:Dense_Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0002384  ! connective tissue
disjoint_from: UBERON:0011825  ! loose connective tissue
property_value: external_definition "Connective tissue in which the fibrous component predominates.  The cells, ground substance, and tissue fluid represent a minor component[NCIT]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011824
name: fibrous connective tissue
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:75634
xref: SCTID:363130003
is_a: UBERON:0011822  ! dense irregular connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011825
name: loose connective tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a sparse irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, neuroglial tissue, mucoid tissue." [FMA:19783, Wikipedia:Loose_connective_tissue]
xref: FMA:19783
xref: UMLS:C1253917
xref: ncithesaurus:Loose_Connective_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0011821  ! irregular connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011826
name: vestibular gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of glandular acini which communicate with the vestibule of vagina. Examples: right vestibular gland, lesser vestibular gland." [FMA:20020, Wikipedia:Vestibular_glands]
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
xref: FMA:20020
is_a: UBERON:0005398  ! female reproductive gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011831
name: duct of vestibular gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A duct that is part of a vestibular gland." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vestibular gland duct" EXACT [FMA:20097]
xref: FMA:20097
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011826 ! vestibular gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011826 ! vestibular gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011847
name: acinus of parotid gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An acinus that is part of a parotid gland." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "parotid gland acinus" EXACT [FMA:59863]
xref: FMA:59863
xref: SCTID:46926004
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
is_a: UBERON:0011858  ! acinus of exocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0009842  ! acinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011850
name: acinus of salivary gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An acinus that is part of a salivary gland." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "salivary gland acinus" EXACT [FMA:59870]
xref: FMA:59870
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011858  ! acinus of exocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0009842  ! acinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011857
name: acinus of lacrimal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An acinus that is part of a lacrimal gland." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lacrimal gland acinus" EXACT [FMA:85250]
xref: FMA:85250
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011858  ! acinus of exocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0009842  ! acinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011858
name: acinus of exocrine gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An acinus that is part of a exocrine gland." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "exocrine gland acinus" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0009842  ! acinus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0009842  ! acinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011859
name: internal acoustic meatus
namespace: uberon
def: "The internal auditory meatus (also internal acoustic meatus, internal auditory canal, and internal acoustic canal) is a canal in the petrous bone of the temporal bone of the skull that carries nerves from inside the cranium towards the middle and inner ear compartments namely cranial nerve VII and cranial nerve VIII." [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus]
comment: Alternate def: The internal acoustic meatus (or internal auditory meatus ) is an opening on the medial surface of the petrous temporal bone. It is through this passageway that the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) and vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII) pass to reach their sites of innervation. The vestibulocochlear nerve divides at the internal acoustic meatus to continue as separate vestibular and cochlear components. [MURDOCH:908]
synonym: "internal acoustic canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus]
synonym: "internal acoustic meatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus]
synonym: "internal auditory canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus]
synonym: "internal auditory meatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus]
synonym: "porus acusticus internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus]
xref: FMA:53163
xref: SCTID:264484004
xref: UMLS:C0149591
xref: Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus
xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Auditory_Canal_of_Ear
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011860
name: collagen fibril
namespace: uberon
comment: Note the FMA class specifically refers to ureter // see also: UBERON:0007377
xref: FMA:63212
xref: MESH:D12.776.860.300.250.300
xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao7547390221
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011861
name: aorta collagen fibril
namespace: uberon
def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of aorta tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011640]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004664 ! aorta tunica adventitia
intersection_of: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004664 ! aorta tunica adventitia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011862
name: pulmonary collagen fibril
namespace: uberon
def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of pulmonary tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011641]
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011863
name: bone collagen fibril
namespace: uberon
def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011642]
is_a: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element
intersection_of: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011864
name: tendon collagen fibril
namespace: uberon
def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of tendon tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011643]
is_a: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000043 ! tendon
intersection_of: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000043 ! tendon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011865
name: corneal stroma collagen fibril
namespace: uberon
def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of corneal stroma that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [MP:0011650]
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea
intersection_of: UBERON:0011860  ! collagen fibril
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011866
name: condylar joint
namespace: uberon
def: "In a condyloid joint (condyloid articulation, ellipsoidal joint) an ovoid articular surface, or condyle, is received into an elliptical cavity. This permits movement in two planes, allowing flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction." [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint]
synonym: "articulatio ellipsoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint]
synonym: "condylar joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint]
synonym: "condyloid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint]
synonym: "condyloid articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint]
synonym: "condyloid joints" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint]
synonym: "ellipsoidal joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint]
xref: FMA:75300
xref: SCTID:335493003
is_a: UBERON:0002217  ! synovial joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011867
name: extensor carpi radialis muscle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "extensor carpi radialis" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:276166006
is_a: UBERON:0011024  ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000976 ! humerus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001492 ! radial nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011868
name: midcarpal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Midcarpal_joint]
synonym: "articulatio mediocarpalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Midcarpal_joint]
synonym: "transverse carpal joint" EXACT [FMA:35293]
xref: FMA:35293
xref: SCTID:361841009
is_a: UBERON:0011132  ! intercarpal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001480 ! proximal carpal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0001481 ! distal carpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011869
name: pisiform joint
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Pisiform_joint]
comment: Wikipedia says pisiform and triquetral- todo check pisotriquetral
synonym: "articulatio ossis pisiformis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Pisiform_joint]
xref: FMA:73126
is_a: UBERON:0011132  ! intercarpal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001429 ! pisiform
relationship: connects UBERON:0002445 ! ulnare
intersection_of: UBERON:0011132  ! intercarpal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001429 ! pisiform
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002445 ! ulnare

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011870
name: pisotriquetral joint
namespace: uberon
comment: See notes for pisiform
xref: FMA:42318
is_a: UBERON:0011132  ! intercarpal joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011871
name: nasomaxillary suture
namespace: uberon
def: "A cranial suture that connects a nasal bone and connects a maxilla." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "articulation of the nasal bone with maxilla" RELATED []
synonym: "nasomaxillary suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52960]
xref: FMA:52960
is_a: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
intersection_of: UBERON:0003685  ! cranial suture
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011873
name: synarthrosis
namespace: uberon
def: "A synarthrosis is a type of joint which permits very little or no movement under normal conditions. Most synarthrosis joints are fibrous. Suture joints and synchondroses are synarthroses." [Wikipedia:Synarthrosis]
synonym: "synarthrodial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Synarthrosis]
synonym: "synarthrodial joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Synarthrosis]
synonym: "synarthroses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Synarthrosis]
xref: UMLS:C0699803
xref: ncithesaurus:Synarthrosis
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011874
name: amphiarthrosis
namespace: uberon
def: "Amphiarthrosis is a type of continuous, slightly movable joint." [Wikipedia:Amphiarthrosis]
synonym: "amphiarthrodial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Amphiarthrosis]
synonym: "amphiarthroses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Amphiarthrosis]
xref: FMA:76693
xref: UMLS:C0224520
xref: ncithesaurus:Amphiarthrosis
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011875
name: ligament of sternoclavicular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal ligament that is part of a sternoclavicular joint." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ligamentum sternoclavicularis" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "sternoclavicular joint ligament" EXACT [FMA:63980]
xref: FMA:63980
xref: SCTID:182386007
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001469 ! sternoclavicular joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001469 ! sternoclavicular joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011876
name: body of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "the oral part of the tongue anterior to the terminal sulcus." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/body-of-tongue.html]
synonym: "corpus linguae" EXACT LATIN [http://www.drugs.com/dict/body-of-tongue.html]
synonym: "tongue body" EXACT [FMA:54641]
xref: FMA:54641
xref: SCTID:362090005
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011877
name: margin of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "the lateral border that separates the dorsum from the inferior surface of the tongue on each side, the two borders meeting anteriorly at the apex.." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/margin-of-tongue.html]
synonym: "margo linguae" EXACT LATIN [http://www.drugs.com/dict/margin-of-tongue.html]
synonym: "tongue margin" EXACT [FMA:54650]
xref: FMA:54650
xref: SCTID:368572007
xref: SCTID:368594004
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011878
name: muscle layer of esophagus
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle layer that is part of a wall of esophagus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "muscle coat of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:62998]
synonym: "muscular coat of oesophagus" EXACT [FMA:62998]
synonym: "muscular layer of oesophagus" EXACT [FMA:62998]
synonym: "tunica muscularis esophagi" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "tunica muscularis oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:62998
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011879
name: mesorchium
namespace: uberon
def: "The testes, at an early period of fetal life, are placed at the back part of the abdominal cavity, behind the peritoneum, and each is attached by a peritoneal fold, the mesorchium, to the mesonephros." [Wikipedia:Mesorchium]
xref: AAO:0010530
xref: EMAPA:17971
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011892
name: anterior uvea
namespace: uberon
def: "Front (ventral) portion of the vascular, pigmentary, or middle coat of the eye, including the ciliary body and the iris." [MP:0005194]
synonym: "Haller tunica vascula" EXACT [MP:0005194]
synonym: "anterior part of uveal tract" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior uveal tract" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior vascular layer of the eyeball" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior vascular tunic of the eye" EXACT []
synonym: "ciliary body and iris" RELATED []
synonym: "tunica vasculosa bulbosa" EXACT [MP:0005194]
synonym: "vasculosa oculi" RELATED [MP:0005194]
synonym: "ventral uveal tract" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:280656002
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001769 ! iris
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001768 ! uvea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011893
name: endoneurial fluid
namespace: uberon
def: "Fluid of the ganglia and peripheral nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord" [MGI:llw2, MP:0003633]
is_a: UBERON:0007794  ! serous fluid
relationship: located_in UBERON:0000123 ! endoneurium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0000123 ! endoneurium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011894
name: lumen of vagina
namespace: uberon
synonym: "vaginal lumen" EXACT [FMA:19982]
xref: FMA:19982
is_a: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
intersection_of: UBERON:0002558  ! organ cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011895
name: endomysium
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of connective tissue that ensheaths a muscle fiber and is composed mostly from reticular fibers. It also contains capillaries, nerves and lymphatics. The term cardiac skeleton is sometimes considered synonymous with endomysium, but sometimes it refers to the combination of the endomysium and perimysium." [Wikipedia:Endomysium]
synonym: "fascia of muscle fiber" EXACT [FMA:9729]
xref: FMA:9729
xref: SCTID:91739007
xref: UMLS:C0504097
xref: ncithesaurus:Endomysium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006804  ! reticular tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011896
name: smooth muscle endomysium
namespace: uberon
def: "Reticular tissue which surrounds a smooth muscle cell." [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:260651
is_a: UBERON:0011895  ! endomysium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0011895  ! endomysium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011897
name: cardiac endomysium
namespace: uberon
def: "Reticular tissue which surrounds a cardiac myocyte." [FMA:83112]
synonym: "Endomysium of cardiac muscle cell" EXACT [FMA:83112]
synonym: "Fibrocollagenous sheath of cardiac muscle cell" EXACT [FMA:83112]
xref: FMA:83112
is_a: UBERON:0011895  ! endomysium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0011895  ! endomysium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011898
name: skeletal muscle endomysium
namespace: uberon
def: "Reticular tissue which surrounds a skeletal muscle cell." [FMA:86022]
xref: FMA:86022
is_a: UBERON:0011895  ! endomysium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0011895  ! endomysium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011899
name: epimysium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epimysium is a layer of connective tissue which ensheaths the entire muscle. It is composed of dense irregular connective tissue. It is continuous with fascia and other connective tissue wrappings of muscle including the endomysium, and perimysium. It is also continuous with tendons where it becomes thicker and collagenous. The Epimysium also protects muscles from friction against other muscles and bones." [Wikipedia:Epimysium]
synonym: "epimysia" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Epimysium]
synonym: "fascia of muscle organ" EXACT [FMA:9726]
xref: FMA:9726
xref: UMLS:C0504096
xref: ncithesaurus:Epimysium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011822  ! dense irregular connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011900
name: perimysium
namespace: uberon
def: "The fibrous sheath enveloping each of the primary bundles of skeletal muscle fibers." [Wikipedia:Perimysium, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/perimysium]
synonym: "fascia of muscle fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:9728]
xref: FMA:9728
xref: SCTID:63406008
xref: UMLS:C0224087
xref: ncithesaurus:Perimysium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011822  ! dense irregular connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011903
name: gizzard smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a gizzard." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000521
is_a: UBERON:0004222  ! stomach smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005052 ! gizzard
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005052 ! gizzard

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011904
name: gastrolith
namespace: uberon
def: "a rock held inside a gastrointestinal tract." [Wikipedia:Gastrolith]
synonym: "gizzard stone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gastrolith]
synonym: "stomach stone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gastrolith]
is_a: UBERON:0000476  ! acellular anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011905
name: plantaris
namespace: uberon
def: "Plantaris is a vestigial structure and one of the superficial muscles of the posterior crural compartment of the leg. It is innervated by the tibial nerve (S1, S2) . It is composed of a thin muscle belly and a long thin tendon. It is approximately 2-4 inches long, and is absent in 7 - 10% of the human population. It is one of the plantar flexors in the superior compartment of the leg along with the gastrocnemius, and soleus. The plantaris is considered an unimportant muscle, it mainly acts with gastrocnemius[WP]." [Wikipedia:Plantaris_muscle]
comment: Editor notes: todo - coordinate with phenoscape-ext on representation of amphibian plantaris longus and profundus
synonym: "musculus plantaris" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "plantaris" EXACT [FMA:22543]
xref: EFO:0001979
xref: FMA:22543
is_a: UBERON:0004256  ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior
relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003701 ! calcaneal tendon
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000981 ! femur
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0011910 ! gastrocnemius externus
relationship: innervated_by UBERON:0001323 ! tibial nerve
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011906
name: muscle head
namespace: uberon
subset: upper_level  ! abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis
synonym: "caput (musculus)" EXACT [FMA:85453]
synonym: "caput musculi" EXACT [FMA:85453]
synonym: "head of muscle organ" EXACT [FMA:85453]
synonym: "muscular organ head" EXACT [FMA:85453]
xref: FMA:85453
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011907
name: gastrocnemius medialis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Mammalian gastrocnemius medialis and flexor hallucis longus arise from reptilian gastrocnemius internus[Kardong]
synonym: "caput mediale (musculus gastrocnemius)" EXACT [FMA:45956]
synonym: "medial head of gastrocnemius" EXACT [FMA:45956]
synonym: "medial head of gastrocnemius muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:45956
xref: SCTID:213689008
is_a: UBERON:0011906  ! muscle head
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0011909 ! gastrocnemius internus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001388 ! gastrocnemius

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011908
name: gastrocnemius lateralis
namespace: uberon
def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Mammalian gastrocnemius lateralis, soleus and plantaris arise from reptilian gastrocnemius externus[Kardong]
synonym: "caput laterale (musculus gastrocnemius)" EXACT [FMA:45959]
synonym: "lateral head of gastrocnemius" EXACT [FMA:45959]
synonym: "lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:45959
xref: SCTID:213588009
is_a: UBERON:0011906  ! muscle head
relationship: homologous_to UBERON:0011910 ! gastrocnemius externus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001388 ! gastrocnemius

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011909
name: gastrocnemius internus
namespace: uberon
def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "M. gastrocnemius internus" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus gastrocnemius internus" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004256  ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011910
name: gastrocnemius externus
namespace: uberon
def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "M. gastrocnemius externus" EXACT []
synonym: "musculus gastrocnemius externus" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004256  ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011914
name: pubioischiotibialis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle of lower tetrapods that covers musch of the lower thing and retracts it. Homologous to mammalian gracilis" [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "M. pubioischiotibialis" EXACT []
synonym: "pubioischiotibialis" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004252  ! hindlimb stylopod muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011915
name: cerebellar glomerulus
namespace: uberon
def: "An intertwined cluster of nerve fibers surrounded by glia where mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons" [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0004099]
synonym: "cerebellar glomeruli" EXACT PLURAL []
xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090502
is_a: UBERON:0001047  ! neural glomerulus
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002956 ! granular layer of cerebellar cortex
intersection_of: UBERON:0001047  ! neural glomerulus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011917
name: thalamic glomerulus
namespace: uberon
def: "Synaptic structure found in thalamic relay nuclei consising of a complex of afferent terminals, relay cell dendrites, interneuron dendrites and other processes. These complexes are surrounded by astrocytic processes." [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090504]
synonym: "thalamic glomeruli" EXACT PLURAL []
xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090504
is_a: UBERON:0001047  ! neural glomerulus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001047  ! neural glomerulus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011918
name: line of Schwalbe
namespace: uberon
def: "The thickened peripheral margin of the vitreous membrane of the cornea." [MP:0006250]
comment: AO notes: A line in FMA, a structure in MP
synonym: "Schwalbe line" EXACT [FMA:58422]
synonym: "Schwalbe's line" EXACT [FMA:58422]
synonym: "Schwalbe's ring" EXACT [MP:0006250]
xref: FMA:58422
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005969 ! reticulum trabeculare

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011922
name: cochlear basement membrane
namespace: uberon
def: "The the continuous basement membrane found within the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea, known to extend from the limbus, down to the inner sulcus, across the basilar membrane, up to the external sulcus to the spiral prominence and radiating into the spiral ligament ensheathing the root cell processes" [MP:0004598]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002499 ! cochlear labyrinth
intersection_of: UBERON:0005769  ! basement membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002499 ! cochlear labyrinth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011924
name: postganglionic autonomic fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "Nerve fibers which project from cell bodies of autonomic ganglia to synapses on target organs." [MESH:A08.663.542.100, Wikipedia:Postganglionic_nerve_fibers]
synonym: "postganglionic autonomic fibre" RELATED []
synonym: "postganglionic nerve fiber" EXACT [FMA:5924]
xref: FMA:5924
xref: MESH:A08.663.542.100
xref: UMLS:C0004384
xref: ncithesaurus:Postganglionic_Autonomic_Fiber
is_a: UBERON:0006134  ! nerve fiber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011925
name: preganglionic autonomic fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "Nerve fibers which project from the central nervous system to autonomic ganglia. In the sympathetic division most preganglionic fibers originate with neurons in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord, exit via ventral roots from upper thoracic through lower lumbar segments, and project to the paravertebral ganglia; there they either terminate in synapses or continue through the splanchnic nerves to the prevertebral ganglia. In the parasympathetic division the fibers originate in neurons of the brain stem and sacral spinal cord. In both divisions the principal transmitter is acetylcholine but peptide cotransmitters may also be released." [MESH:A08.663.542.122, Wikipedia:Preganglionic_nerve_fibers]
synonym: "preganglionic autonomic fibre" RELATED []
synonym: "preganglionic nerve fiber" EXACT [FMA:5923]
xref: FMA:5923
xref: MESH:A08.663.542.122
is_a: UBERON:0006134  ! nerve fiber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011926
name: postganglionic sympathetic fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "A noradrenergic or adrenergic axonal fiber projecting from a sympathetic ganglion to an effector organ" [MP:0008312]
synonym: "postganglionic sympathetic fiber" RELATED [MESH:A08.663.542.075.800]
synonym: "sympathetic postganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008312]
xref: MESH:A08.663.542.075.800
xref: SCTID:323617002
xref: UMLS:C0206254
xref: ncithesaurus:Postganglionic_Sympathetic_Fiber
is_a: UBERON:0011924  ! postganglionic autonomic fiber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0011924  ! postganglionic autonomic fiber
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011927
name: preganglionic sympathetic fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from the CNS to a sympathetic ganglion" [MP:0008310]
synonym: "sympathetic preganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008310]
xref: SCTID:323517007
is_a: UBERON:0011925  ! preganglionic autonomic fiber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0011925  ! preganglionic autonomic fiber
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011929
name: postganglionic parasympathetic fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from a parasympathetic ganglion to an effector organ" [MP:0008313]
synonym: "parasympathetic postganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008313]
xref: MESH:A08.663.542.100.700
xref: UMLS:C0206252
xref: ncithesaurus:Postganglionic_Parasympathetic_Fiber
is_a: UBERON:0011924  ! postganglionic autonomic fiber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0011924  ! postganglionic autonomic fiber
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011930
name: preganglionic parasympathetic  fiber
namespace: uberon
def: "A cholinergic axonal fibers projecting from the CNS to a parasympathetic ganglion" [MP:0008311]
synonym: "parasympathetic preganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008311]
is_a: UBERON:0011925  ! preganglionic autonomic fiber
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0011925  ! preganglionic autonomic fiber
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011932
name: pilosebaceous unit
namespace: uberon
def: "An epidermal invagination that has as parts a hair follicle, a sebaceous gland, and arrector pili muscle" [PMC:PMC3130146, Wikipedia:Pilosebaceous_unit]
synonym: "fabrica pilosebacea" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pilosebaceous_unit]
synonym: "pilo-sebaceous apparatus" EXACT [FMA:70661]
synonym: "pilo-sebaceous unit" EXACT []
synonym: "pilosebaceous apparatus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:70661
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011933
name: vibrissa unit
namespace: uberon
comment: MA has distinct classes for vibrissa and vibrissa hair - the former includes the follicle and is thus not the hair proper. We model this as the 'vibrissa unit'
synonym: "vibrissa" RELATED [MA:0000163]
xref: MA:0000163
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011941
name: lateral angle of scapula
namespace: uberon
def: "An angle of the scapula that is broad and bears the glenoid cavity or fossa[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_angle_of_scapula]
synonym: "angulus lateralis (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23249]
synonym: "angulus lateralis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_angle_of_scapula]
synonym: "glenoid angle of scapula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_angle_of_scapula]
synonym: "head of scapula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_angle_of_scapula]
xref: FMA:23249
is_a: UBERON:0007172  ! angle of scapula

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011942
name: obsolete adult human
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011944
name: subintestinal vein
namespace: uberon
subset: dubious_grouping  ! Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked
synonym: "SIV" EXACT [ZFA:0005035]
synonym: "vitelline vein" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0005035]
xref: TAO:0005035
xref: XAO:0004172
xref: ZFA:0005035
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011945
name: luminal layer of epithelium
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011946
name: subluminal layer of epithelium
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000119  ! cell layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011947
name: ureter luminal urothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A luminal layer of epithelium that is part of a ureter." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0002656
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0011945  ! luminal layer of epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001254 ! urothelium of ureter
intersection_of: UBERON:0011945  ! luminal layer of epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011948
name: ureter subluminal urothelium
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002657
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0011946  ! subluminal layer of epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001254 ! urothelium of ureter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011952
name: non-glandular epithelium
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011953
name: stomach glandular region
namespace: uberon
def: "A stomach region that has_part a stomach glandular epithelium." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "glandular stomach" RELATED []
xref: MA:0001613
xref: SCTID:27633001
xref: UMLS:C0227197
xref: ncithesaurus:Glandular_Stomach
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
relationship: has_part UBERON:0006924 ! stomach glandular epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0006924 ! stomach glandular epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011954
name: stomach non-glandular region
namespace: uberon
def: "A stomach region that has_part a stomach non-glandular epithelium." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
relationship: has_part UBERON:0010040 ! stomach non-glandular epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0009034  ! stomach region
intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0010040 ! stomach non-glandular epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011955
name: left hepatic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A hepatic vein that is part of a left lobe of liver." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14339
xref: SCTID:55188000
is_a: UBERON:0001143  ! hepatic vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0001143  ! hepatic vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011956
name: right hepatic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A hepatic vein that is part of a right lobe of liver." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:14338
xref: SCTID:18135006
is_a: UBERON:0001143  ! hepatic vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0001143  ! hepatic vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011957
name: middle hepatic vein
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:14340
xref: SCTID:54895000
is_a: UBERON:0001143  ! hepatic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011958
name: acetabular labrum
namespace: uberon
def: "A ring of cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Acetabular_labrum]
comment: Function notes: Its function is to deepen the acetabulum, making it more difficult for the head of the femur to slip out of place (sublux). Structure notes: some sources treat this as fibrocartilage
synonym: "acetabular lip" RELATED []
synonym: "acetabular rim" RELATED INCONSISTENT [AAO:0000864]
synonym: "cotyloid ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acetabular_labrum]
synonym: "glenoidal labrum of hip joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acetabular_labrum]
synonym: "labrum acetabuli" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Acetabular_labrum]
synonym: "labrum of acetabulum" EXACT [FMA:43521]
xref: AAO:0000864
xref: FMA:43521
xref: SCTID:182439007
xref: SCTID:263366005
is_a: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006802 ! acetabular rim
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone
property_value: external_definition "Cartilaginous ring that forms the entire acetabular margin[AAO:0000864]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011959
name: glenoid labrum of scapula
namespace: uberon
def: "a ring of fibrocartilage attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity of the scapula." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenoid_labrum, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=47475]
comment: Consider classifying as 'annulus fibrosus'
synonym: "glenoid labrum" BROAD []
synonym: "glenoidal labrum" BROAD []
synonym: "glenoidal labrum of glenohumeral joint" EXACT []
synonym: "glenoidal labrum of scapula" EXACT []
synonym: "labrum glenoidale" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "labrum glenoidale scapulae" RELATED [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=47475]
xref: FMA:23290
xref: SCTID:182391008
is_a: UBERON:0007844  ! cartilage element
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001470 ! glenohumeral joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011960
name: articular capsule of glenohumeral joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The articular capsule of the humerus is the articular capsule of the shoulder joint. It completely encircles the joint, being attached, above, to the circumference of the glenoid cavity beyond the glenoidal labrum; below, to the anatomical neck of the humerus, approaching nearer to the articular cartilage above than in the rest of its extent. It is thicker above and below than elsewhere, and is so remarkably loose and lax, that it has no action in keeping the bones in contact, but allows them to be separated from each other more than 2.5 cm. , an evident provision for that extreme freedom of movement which is peculiar to this articulation. It is strengthened, above, by the Supraspinatus; below, by the long head of the Triceps brachii; behind, by the tendons of the Infraspinatus and Teres minor; and in front, by the tendon of the Subscapularis.[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Articular_capsule_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "articular capsule of humerus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Articular_capsule_of_the_humerus]
synonym: "articular capsule of shoulder joint" EXACT []
synonym: "capsule of shoulder joint" EXACT [FMA:34944]
synonym: "fibrous capsule of glenohumeral joint" EXACT [FMA:34944]
xref: FMA:34944
xref: SCTID:361836001
is_a: UBERON:0001484  ! articular capsule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001470 ! glenohumeral joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0001484  ! articular capsule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001470 ! glenohumeral joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011961
name: articular capsule of hip joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The articular capsule (capsular ligament) is strong and dense. Above, it is attached to the margin of the acetabulum 5 to 6 mm. beyond the glenoidal labrum behind; but in front, it is attached to the outer margin of the labrum, and, opposite to the notch where the margin of the cavity is deficient, it is connected to the transverse ligament, and by a few fibers to the edge of the obturator foramen. It surrounds the neck of the femur, and is attached, in front, to the intertrochanteric line; above, to the base of the neck; behind, to the neck, about 1.25 cm. above the intertrochanteric crest; below, to the lower part of the neck, close to the lesser trochanter. From its femoral attachment some of the fibers are reflected upward along the neck as longitudinal bands, termed retinacula. The capsule is much thicker at the upper and forepart of the joint, where the greatest amount of resistance is required; behind and below, it is thin and loose. It consists of two sets of fibers, circular and longitudinal. The circular fibers, zona orbicularis, are most abundant at the lower and back part of the capsule, and form a sling or collar around the neck of the femur. Anteriorly they blend with the deep surface of the iliofemoral ligament, and gain an attachment to the anterior inferior iliac spine. The longitudinal fibers are greatest in amount at the upper and front part of the capsule, where they are reinforced by distinct bands, or accessory ligaments, of which the most important is the iliofemoral ligament. The other accessory bands are known as the pubocapsular and the ischiocapsular ligaments. The external surface of the capsule is rough, covered by numerous muscles, and separated in front from the Psoas major and Iliacus by a bursa, which not infrequently communicates by a circular aperture with the cavity of the joint." [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint]
synonym: "articular capsule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint]
synonym: "capsula articularis coxae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint]
synonym: "capsular ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint]
synonym: "capsule of hip joint" EXACT [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint]
synonym: "fibrous capsule of hip joint" EXACT [FMA:42821]
xref: FMA:42821
xref: SCTID:263382006
is_a: UBERON:0001484  ! articular capsule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0001484  ! articular capsule
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011962
name: transverse tarsal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The transverse tarsal joint is formed by the articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid, and the articulation of the talus with the navicular. The movement which takes place in this joint is more extensive than that in the other tarsal joints, and consists of a sort of rotation by means of which the foot may be slightly flexed or extended, the sole being at the same time carried medially (inverted) or laterally." [Wikipedia:Transverse_tarsal_joint]
synonym: "articulatio tarsi transversa" EXACT [Wikipedia:Transverse_tarsal_joint]
synonym: "chopart's joint" EXACT [FMA:35201]
synonym: "midtarsal joint " EXACT [Wikipedia:Transverse_tarsal_joint]
xref: FMA:35201
xref: SCTID:182220000
is_a: UBERON:0001487  ! joint of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011963
name: talocalcaneonavicular joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The talocalcaneonavicular articulation is an arthrodial joint: the rounded head of the talus being received into the concavity formed by the posterior surface of the navicular, the anterior articular surface of the calcaneus, and the upper surface of the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament. There are two ligaments in this joint: the articular capsule and the dorsal talonavicular." [Wikipedia:Talocalcaneonavicular_articulation]
synonym: "articulatio talocalcaneonavicularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Talocalcaneonavicular_articulation]
synonym: "talocalcaneonavicular articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Talocalcaneonavicular_articulation]
xref: FMA:35204
xref: SCTID:182211009
is_a: UBERON:0003698  ! subtalar joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
relationship: connects UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011962 ! transverse tarsal joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011964
name: calcaneocuboid joint
namespace: uberon
def: "Calcaneocuboid Articulation (articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid). The ligaments connecting the calcaneus with the cuboid are five in number, viz. , the articular capsule, the dorsal calcaneocuboid, part of the bifurcated, the long plantar, and the plantar calcaneocuboid." [Wikipedia:Calcaneocuboid_articulation]
synonym: "articulatio calcaneocubiodea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:35207]
synonym: "calcaneocuboid articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Calcaneocuboid_articulation]
synonym: "calcaneocuboidal joint" EXACT []
xref: FMA:35207
xref: SCTID:361866008
is_a: UBERON:0011969  ! mesotarsal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
relationship: connects UBERON:0001455 ! cuboid bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011962 ! transverse tarsal joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001455 ! cuboid bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011965
name: saddle joint
namespace: uberon
def: "In a saddle joint (sellar joint, articulation by reciprocal reception) the opposing surfaces are reciprocally concave-convex." [Wikipedia:Saddle_joint]
synonym: "articulation by reciprocal reception" RELATED [Wikipedia:Saddle_joint]
synonym: "sellar joint" EXACT [Wikipedia:Saddle_joint]
xref: FMA:75298
xref: SCTID:23059003
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011966
name: manubriosternal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "the early union, by hyaline cartilage, of the manubrium and the body of the sternum, which later becomes a symphysial type of joint." [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=46395]
synonym: "angle of louis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle]
synonym: "angulus ludovici" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle]
synonym: "angulus sternalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle]
synonym: "angulus sterni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle]
synonym: "manubriosternal joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle]
synonym: "manubriosternal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle]
synonym: "manubriosternal symphysis" EXACT [FMA:7502]
synonym: "manubro-sterno junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle]
xref: FMA:7502
xref: SCTID:263312002
is_a: UBERON:0002216  ! symphysis
relationship: connects UBERON:0002205 ! manubrium of sternum
relationship: connects UBERON:0006820 ! body of sternum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002205 ! manubrium of sternum
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006820 ! body of sternum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011967
name: costotransverse joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The facet of the tubercle of the rib forms an articulation with the adjacent transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. This is a plane type synovial joint called the costotransverse joint. This articulation is present in all but the eleventh and twelfth ribs. Ribs 1 to 10 have two joints in close proximity posteriorly; the costovertebral joints and the costotranseverse joints. This arrangement restrains the motion of the ribs allowing them to work in a parallel fashion during breathing. If a typical rib had only one joint posteriorly the resultant swivel action would allow a rib to be non-parallel with respect to the neighboring ribs making for a very inefficient respiratory mechanism. The ventral rami innervate the costotransverse joints. Therefore, therapeutic medial branch blocks are ineffectual. The ligaments of the joint are: Articular capsule Posterior costotransverse Anterior costotransverse Ligament of the neck of the rib Ligament of the tubercle of the rib" [Wikipedia:Costotransverse_joint]
synonym: "costotransverse articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costotransverse_joint]
xref: FMA:7952
xref: SCTID:263328007
is_a: UBERON:0002292  ! costovertebral joint
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003252 ! rib cage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011968
name: radio-carpal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a radius bone and connects a carpal skeleton." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "articulatio radiocarpea" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Wrist]
synonym: "radiocarpal articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Wrist]
synonym: "radiocarpal joint" EXACT []
synonym: "wrist joint" BROAD INCONSISTENT [FMA:35291]
xref: FMA:35291
xref: MA:0000461
xref: SCTID:361839008
is_a: UBERON:0001491  ! wrist joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011969
name: mesotarsal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "An ankle joint that passes between the proximal and distal tarsals." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryM.html]
comment: Calcaneus and astragalus are interlocked, line of flexion is distal to them[Kardong]
is_a: UBERON:0001488  ! ankle joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone
relationship: connects UBERON:0011679 ! proximal tarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0011679 ! proximal tarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011970
name: talofibular ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal ligament that connects a fibula and connects a talus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "ligamentum talofibulare" EXACT []
synonym: "talo-fibular ligament" EXACT []
xref: FMA:44080
xref: SCTID:244649001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/500px-Ankle_en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0003595  ! pes connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001488 ! ankle joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011971
name: calcaneofibular ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal ligament that connects a fibula and connects a calcaneus." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:44089
xref: SCTID:244650001
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/500px-Ankle_en.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0003595  ! pes connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003701  ! calcaneal tendon
relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001488 ! ankle joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011972
name: medial ligament of ankle joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal ligament that connects a tibia and connects a tarsal skeleton." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "deltoid collateral ligament of ankle joint" EXACT [FMA:44055]
synonym: "deltoid ligament of ankle joint" EXACT [FMA:44055]
synonym: "ligamentum collaterale mediale (articulatio talocruralis)" EXACT [FMA:44055]
synonym: "ligamentum deltoideum" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "ligamentum deltoideum (articulatio talocruralis)" EXACT [FMA:44055]
synonym: "medial collateral ligament of ankle joint" EXACT [FMA:44055]
xref: FMA:44055
xref: SCTID:41159004
is_a: UBERON:0003595  ! pes connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: connects UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001488 ! ankle joint
intersection_of: UBERON:0008846  ! skeletal ligament
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011973
name: epiphysis of phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of a pes [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of phalanx of toe" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:314621001
is_a: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011974
name: epiphysis of proximal phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of proximal phalanx of toe" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:280047006
is_a: UBERON:0004446  ! epiphysis of phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0011973  ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011975
name: epiphysis of middle phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of middle phalanx of toe" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:280048001
is_a: UBERON:0004446  ! epiphysis of phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0011973  ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003866 ! middle phalanx of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003866 ! middle phalanx of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011976
name: epiphysis of distal phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of pes." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of distal phalanx of toe" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:280049009
is_a: UBERON:0004446  ! epiphysis of phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0011973  ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011977
name: epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of proximal phalanx of finger" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:280044004
is_a: UBERON:0004387  ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011978
name: epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of middle phalanx of finger" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:280045003
is_a: UBERON:0004387  ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003864 ! middle phalanx of manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003864 ! middle phalanx of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011979
name: epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus
namespace: uberon
def: "An epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "epiphysis of distal phalanx of finger" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:280046002
is_a: UBERON:0004387  ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001437  ! epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011980
name: intratarsal joint
namespace: uberon
def: "an ankle joint that passes between the astragalus and calcaneum." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryCr.html#Crurotarsal%20joint]
comment: line of flexion between calcaneus and astragalus
synonym: "crurotarsal joint" EXACT [ISBN10:0073040584]
is_a: UBERON:0001488  ! ankle joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011981
name: manual digit 6
namespace: uberon
comment: Found in Acanthostega
synonym: "6th finger" EXACT []
synonym: "fore digit VI" EXACT []
synonym: "fore limb digit 6" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 6" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "sixth finger" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
property_value: ray_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011982
name: manual digit 7
namespace: uberon
comment: Found in Acanthostega
synonym: "fore digit VII" EXACT []
synonym: "fore limb digit 7" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 7" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "seventh finger" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
property_value: ray_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011983
name: manual digit 8
namespace: uberon
comment: Found in Acanthostega
synonym: "eighth finger" EXACT []
synonym: "fore digit VIII" EXACT []
synonym: "fore limb digit 8" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hand digit 8" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
property_value: ray_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011984
name: pedal digit 6
namespace: uberon
synonym: "foot digit 6" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind digit 6" EXACT []
synonym: "hind digit VI" EXACT []
synonym: "hind limb digit 6" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "pes digit VI" EXACT []
synonym: "sixth toe" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 6" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001466  ! pedal digit
property_value: ray_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011985
name: infraorbital sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "an air-filled recess in the head of birds which lies lateral to the nasal cavity into which it opens" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infraorbital+sinus]
synonym: "sinus infraorbitalis" EXACT LATIN []
is_a: UBERON:0001825  ! paranasal sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011986
name: mucosa of infraorbital sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "A mucosa that adjacent_to a infraorbital sinus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "infraorbital sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0005030  ! mucosa of paranasal sinus
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0011985 ! infraorbital sinus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0011985 ! infraorbital sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011996
name: pharyngeal adductor
namespace: uberon
xref: TAO:0000463
xref: ZFA:0000463
is_a: UBERON:0000933  ! pharyngeal muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0011997
name: coelom
namespace: uberon
def: "The structure that contains the coelemic cavity." [Wikipedia:Body_cavity, Wikipedia:Coelom]
comment: Editor notes: EHDAA2 distingsuishes between the lumen, the lining, and the 'coelomic cavity', which despire it's name, is not a space - it is the aggregate of space plus lining.
synonym: "coelem" RELATED []
synonym: "coelomic cavity" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004731]
xref: EHDAA2:0004731
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:147099
property_value: has_relational_adjective "coelomic" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012054
name: myocoele
namespace: uberon
def: "The cavity within a myotome" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myocoele]
xref: EMAPA:16415
xref: EMAPA:16418
xref: EMAPA:16421
xref: EMAPA:16424
xref: EMAPA:16427
xref: EMAPA:16430
xref: EMAPA:16433
xref: EMAPA:16436
xref: EMAPA:16439
xref: EMAPA:16443
xref: EMAPA:16447
xref: EMAPA:16451
xref: EMAPA:16455
xref: EMAPA:16459
xref: EMAPA:16463
xref: EMAPA:16467
xref: EMAPA:16602
xref: EMAPA:16606
xref: EMAPA:16610
xref: EMAPA:16614
xref: EMAPA:16618
xref: EMAPA:16622
xref: EMAPA:16626
xref: EMAPA:16630
xref: EMAPA:16634
xref: EMAPA:16638
xref: EMAPA:16863
xref: EMAPA:16867
xref: EMAPA:16871
xref: EMAPA:16875
xref: EMAPA:16879
xref: EMAPA:17051
xref: EMAPA:17055
xref: EMAPA:17059
xref: EMAPA:17063
xref: EMAPA:17219
xref: EMAPA:17223
xref: EMAPA:17227
xref: EMAPA:17231
xref: EMAPA:17235
xref: EMAPA:17239
xref: EMAPA:17401
xref: EMAPA:17405
xref: EMAPA:17409
xref: EMAPA:17686
xref: EMAPA:17690
xref: EMAPA:17694
xref: EMAPA:17698
xref: EMAPA:18032
xref: EMAPA:18036
xref: EMAPA:18040
xref: EMAPA:18352
xref: EMAPA:18356
xref: EMAPA:18360
xref: EMAPA:18364
xref: EMAPA:18368
xref: VHOG:0001283
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003082 ! myotome
property_value: homology_notes "The central cavity within the mesoderm is the paired primary or embryonic coelom. Parts of the embryonic coelom often become enclosed in the mesoderm, forming a myocoel within the epimere, a nephrocoel within the mesomere, and simple coelom (body cavity) within the lateral plate mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012055
name: left lung lower lobe bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that is part of a lower lobe of left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Mouse has single left lobe
synonym: "bronchiole of left lower lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchiole of left lower lobe of lung" EXACT []
synonym: "left lung caudal lobe bronchiole" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000947]
xref: EHDAA2:0000947
xref: SCTID:80548008
is_a: UBERON:0003539  ! left lung bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008953 ! lower lobe of left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008953 ! lower lobe of left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012056
name: left lung upper lobe bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that is part of a upper lobe of left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Mouse has single left lobe
synonym: "bronchiole of left cranial lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchiole of left upper lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchiole of left upper lobe of lung" EXACT []
synonym: "left lung cranial lobe bronchiole" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000955]
xref: EHDAA2:0000955
xref: SCTID:72426004
is_a: UBERON:0003539  ! left lung bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008952 ! upper lobe of left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008952 ! upper lobe of left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012059
name: right lung lower lobe bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that is part of a lower lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole of right cranial lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchiole of right lower lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchiole of right lower lobe of lung" EXACT []
synonym: "right lung caudal lobe bronchiole" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004094]
xref: EHDAA2:0004094
xref: EMAPA:19004
xref: SCTID:15215000
is_a: UBERON:0003538  ! right lung bronchiole
is_a: UBERON:0005640  ! right lung caudal lobe epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005640 ! right lung caudal lobe epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012063
name: lobar bronchus of right lung middle lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobar bronchus that is part of a middle lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus of right middle lobe" EXACT [FMA:7401]
synonym: "middle lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7401]
synonym: "middle lobe bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7401]
xref: FMA:7401
is_a: UBERON:0003404  ! lobar bronchus of right lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012065
name: lobar bronchus of left lung upper lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobar bronchus that is part of a upper lobe of left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus of left upper lobe" EXACT [FMA:7423]
synonym: "left superior lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7423]
synonym: "left upper lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7423]
synonym: "left upper lobe bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7423]
xref: FMA:7423
is_a: UBERON:0003405  ! lobar bronchus of left lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008952 ! upper lobe of left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008952 ! upper lobe of left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012066
name: lobar bronchus of left lung lower lobe
namespace: uberon
def: "A lobar bronchus that is part of a lower lobe of left lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchus of left lower lobe" EXACT [FMA:7432]
synonym: "left inferior lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7432]
synonym: "left lower lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7432]
synonym: "left lower lobe bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7432]
xref: FMA:7432
xref: SCTID:361961004
is_a: UBERON:0003405  ! lobar bronchus of left lung
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008953 ! lower lobe of left lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002183  ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008953 ! lower lobe of left lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012067
name: primary bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that arises from a segmental bronchus and does not contain cartilage." [ISBN10:0123813611, Wikipedia:Bronchiole#Primary_bronchioles]
synonym: "proximal bronchiole" EXACT [FMA:62510]
xref: FMA:62510
is_a: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012068
name: right lung middle lobe bronchiole
namespace: uberon
def: "A bronchiole that is part of a middle lobe of right lung." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchiole of middle right lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchiole of right middle lobe" EXACT []
synonym: "bronchiole of right middle lobe of lung" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:19008
xref: SCTID:69714005
is_a: UBERON:0003538  ! right lung bronchiole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0002186  ! bronchiole
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012069
name: epithelium-associated lymphoid tissue
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:62811
is_a: UBERON:0001744  ! lymphoid tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012070
name: palatal tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "A tooth that is on the roof of the mouth." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/therapsida/anteosauria.html]
synonym: "palatal teeth" EXACT PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0003267  ! tooth of upper jaw
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0012071 ! palate bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009680 ! set of upper jaw teeth
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0012071 ! palate bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012071
name: palate bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Any bone that is part of a palate." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Note this is distinct (but not disjoint) from palatine bone
synonym: "palatal bone" EXACT []
xref: UMLS:C1518857
xref: ncithesaurus:Palate_Bone
is_a: UBERON:0003457  ! head bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007375 ! roof of mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007375 ! roof of mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012072
name: palatal part of dermatocranium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dermatocranium, palatal series" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "palatal series" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007375 ! roof of mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012073
name: tooth of palatine bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A tooth that is attached to a palatine bone." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "palatine teeth" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "palatine tooth" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0012070  ! palatal tooth
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone
intersection_of: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone
property_value: external_definition "Teeth present in some fishes on the palatine bones, bones that lie inside the upper jaw bones (sometimes maxillaries, sometimes premaxillaries) usually behind the vomerine tooth patch." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012074
name: bony part of hard palate
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of skeletal system that subdivision_of a hard palate." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bony palate" EXACT [FMA:59857]
synonym: "palatum osseum" EXACT [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:59857
is_a: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate
intersection_of: UBERON:0000075  ! subdivision of skeletal system
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012075
name: replacement bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Bone that forms as a replacement of another structural tissue." [ZFA:0001628]
comment: This class was introduced to be consistent with the ZFA hierarchy. The corresponding TAO term was obsoleted, and never introduced into VSAO. Note that VSAO does have replacement element.
synonym: "replacement bones" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001628]
xref: AAO:0010768
xref: TAO:0001637
xref: ZFA:0001628
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
is_a: UBERON:0010522  ! replacement element
property_value: external_definition "Bone that forms as a replacement of another structural tissue.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012076
name: tibiotalar joint
namespace: uberon
def: "A skeletal joint that connects a tibia and connects a talus." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: AO notes - see also FMA:44063
synonym: "ankle joint" BROAD [Wikipedia:Ankle]
synonym: "talotibial joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Ankle]
synonym: "tibioastragalar joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Ankle]
xref: SCTID:361864006
is_a: UBERON:0001488  ! ankle joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012078
name: fovea capitis of femur
namespace: uberon
def: "The surface of the head of the femur is smooth, coated with cartilage in the fresh state, except over an ovoid depression, the fovea of head of femur, which is situated a little below and behind the center of the head, and gives attachment to the ligamentum teres." [Wikipedia:Fovea_of_head_of_femur]
comment: Absent in pinnipeds
synonym: "fovea capitis" BROAD [Wikipedia:Fovea_of_head_of_femur]
synonym: "fovea capitis femoris" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Fovea_of_head_of_femur]
synonym: "fovea capitis femoris (caput femoris)" EXACT [FMA:43700]
synonym: "fovea capitis of femoral head" EXACT []
synonym: "fovea for ligament of head of femur" EXACT [FMA:43700]
synonym: "fovea of head of femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fovea_of_head_of_femur]
xref: FMA:43700
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012079
name: metapterygial axis
namespace: uberon
def: "proximodistal trajectory through a metapterygium[Wagner]" []
comment: persisted in sacropterygians, precursor to limb axis
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012080
name: patella cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A cartilaginous condensation that develops_into a patella." [OBOL:automatic]
comment: Note some sources have this as intramembranous
xref: EMAPA:19140
is_a: UBERON:0010885  ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012081 ! patella pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002446 ! patella
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002446 ! patella

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012081
name: patella pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
def: "A pre-cartilage condensation that develops_into a patella." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: EMAPA:18510
is_a: UBERON:0003321  ! mesenchyme of knee
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010886  ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002446 ! patella
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006256 ! knee joint primordium
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002446 ! patella

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012082
name: bronchial lumen
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a bronchus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "bronchial lumen" EXACT [FMA:62646]
synonym: "lumen of bronchus" EXACT [FMA:62646]
xref: FMA:62646
xref: SCTID:199401001
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012083
name: lumen of primary bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a main bronchus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lumen of main bronchus" EXACT [FMA:13116]
synonym: "main bronchial lumen" EXACT [FMA:13116]
synonym: "principal bronchial lumen" EXACT []
xref: FMA:13116
is_a: UBERON:0012082  ! bronchial lumen
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012084
name: lumen of secondary bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a lobar bronchus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lobar bronchial lumen" EXACT [FMA:62520]
synonym: "lumen of lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:62520]
synonym: "secondary bronchial lumen" EXACT []
xref: FMA:62520
is_a: UBERON:0012082  ! bronchial lumen
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012085
name: lumen of tertiary bronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a segmental bronchus." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "lumen of segmental bronchus" EXACT [FMA:62593]
synonym: "segmental bronchial lumen" EXACT [FMA:62593]
xref: FMA:62593
is_a: UBERON:0012082  ! bronchial lumen
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012086
name: lumen of parabronchus
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a parabronchus." [OBOL:automatic]
is_a: UBERON:0012085  ! lumen of tertiary bronchus
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0008961 ! parabronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008961 ! parabronchus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0008961 ! parabronchus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012087
name: air capilary
namespace: uberon
def: "An extension of the parabronchus, the walls of which are the site of gas exchange" [ISBN10:0073040584, http://www.vetmed.vt.edu/education/Curriculum/VM8054/Labs/Lab26/Examples/exairves.htm]
synonym: "air vesicle" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0008961 ! parabronchus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012088
name: lateroobronchus
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002185  ! bronchus
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0009066 ! posterior thoracic air sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012100
name: appendicocostalis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "." [PMID:15755883]
synonym: "appendicocostalis" EXACT [PMID:15755883]
is_a: UBERON:0003831  ! respiratory system muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012101
name: perinatal stage
namespace: uberon
def: "the period spanning the range immediately before and after birth" []
comment: In birds, the paranatal stage starts when the beak penetrates into the air pocket (air cell) between the inner and outer shell membranes
synonym: "paranatal stage" NARROW []
is_a: UBERON:0000105  ! life cycle stage
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000092 ! post-embryonic stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012102
name: buccal salivary gland
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:59793
is_a: UBERON:0001830  ! minor salivary gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012109
name: zygomatic process of frontal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the zygomatic process consisting of the frontal bone[WP]" [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_process_of_frontal_bone]
synonym: "frontal bone - zygomatic process" EXACT []
synonym: "processus zygomaticus (os frontale)" EXACT [FMA:54389]
synonym: "processus zygomaticus ossis frontalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_process_of_frontal_bone]
xref: FMA:54389
xref: SCTID:427577001
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001683 ! jugal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
disjoint_from: UBERON:0012110  ! frontal process of zygomatic bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012110
name: frontal process of zygomatic bone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "processus frontalis (os zygomaticum)" EXACT [FMA:52907]
synonym: "zygomatic bone - frontal process" EXACT []
xref: FMA:52907
xref: SCTID:116353002
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001683 ! jugal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012111
name: diastema
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0013134
def: "A space or gap between two teeth. Many species of mammals have diastemata as a normal feature, most commonly between the incisors and molars." [Wikipedia:Diastema_(dentistry)]
synonym: "diastemata" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "interdental space" EXACT []
xref: FMA:77271
xref: SCTID:410003009
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001091 {cardinality="2"} ! calcareous tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003672 ! dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012112
name: ingested food
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: FMA def restricts this to 'oral cavity, pharynx or esophagus', but child terms includes chyme - which is in the stomach
xref: FMA:62964
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
property_value: external_definition "Body substance, which consists of food admixed with saliva contained in the oral cavity, pharynx or esophagus[FMA]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012113
name: bolus of food
namespace: uberon
def: "Ingested food contained in the esophagus." [FMA:78441, Wikipedia:Bolus_(digestion)]
synonym: "bolus" BROAD []
synonym: "bolus of ingested food" EXACT [FMA:78441]
synonym: "food bolus" EXACT [FMA:78441]
xref: FMA:78441
is_a: UBERON:0012112  ! ingested food

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012114
name: cud
namespace: uberon
def: "a bolus of semi-degraded food regurgitated from the reticulorumen of a ruminant, produced during the physical digestive process of rumination" [Wikipedia:Cud]
synonym: "bolus of cud" RELATED []
xref: SCTID:110606000
is_a: UBERON:0012113  ! bolus of food

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012115
name: dental comb
namespace: uberon
def: "a dental structure found in some mammals, comprising a group of front teeth arranged in a manner that facilitates grooming." [Wikipedia:Toothcomb]
comment: Taxon notes:  The toothcomb occurs in lemuriform primates (which includes lemurs and lorisoids), treeshrews, colugos, hyraxes, and some African antelopes. The structures evolved independently in different types of mammals through convergent evolution and vary both in dental composition and structure. In most mammals the comb is formed by a group of teeth with fine spaces between them. The toothcombs in most mammals include incisors only, while in lemuriform primates they include incisors and canine teeth that tilt forward at the front of the lower jaw, followed by a canine-shaped first premolar. The toothcombs of colugos and hyraxes take a different form with the individual incisors being serrated, providing multiple tines per tooth
synonym: "tooth comb" EXACT [Wikipedia:Toothcomb]
synonym: "toothcomb" EXACT [Wikipedia:Toothcomb]
is_a: UBERON:0009678  ! tooth row

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012116
name: nutrient foramen conduit
namespace: uberon
def: "any of the passages admitting nutrient vessels to the medullary cavity of bone" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nutrient+foramen]
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002371 ! bone marrow
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012117
name: lumen of nutrient foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space that is part of a nutrient foramen conduit, leading to the medullary cavity of the bone." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "nutrient foramen" EXACT [FMA:75304]
synonym: "nutrient foramina" EXACT PLURAL []
xref: FMA:75304
xref: SCTID:29288001
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002484 ! bone marrow cavity
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0012116 ! nutrient foramen conduit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012116 ! nutrient foramen conduit
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0012116 ! nutrient foramen conduit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012118
name: infraspinatus tendon
namespace: uberon
def: "The infraspinatus muscle inserts at this tendon to the distal greater tubercle of the humerus . This tendon stretches across the shoulder joint to attach to the humerus and in doing so acts as a very strong ligament to hold the joint surface in apposition. This structure restricts the movement of the shoulder joint to flexion and extension (together with the suscapularis tendon and the supraspinatus tendon). A bursa lies under this tendon at the greater tubercle of the humerus. The bursa is lined by a synovial membrance and filled with synovial fluid and protects the infraspinatus tendon and the shoulder joint by allowing the transmissions of tension and sheer forces around an angle." [MURDOCH:963]
synonym: "tendon of infraspinatus muscle" EXACT [FMA:37076]
xref: FMA:37076
is_a: UBERON:0000043  ! tendon
is_a: UBERON:0003579  ! shoulder connective tissue
relationship: connects UBERON:0001477 ! infraspinatus muscle
relationship: connects UBERON:0011187 ! greater tubercle of humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001477 ! infraspinatus muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000043  ! tendon
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001477 ! infraspinatus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012119
name: vinculum tendon of wing
namespace: uberon
def: "a tendon which emerges from the distal end of the humerus and follows the posterior margin of the wing, attaching at the distal end of digit 2. The raches of the remiges (i.e., the stems of the flight feathers) are stabilized by passing through the vinculum." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryUV.html]
is_a: UBERON:0000043  ! tendon
is_a: UBERON:0003588  ! forelimb connective tissue
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2
relationship: connected_to UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012120
name: vinculum of tendon
namespace: uberon
def: "Organ component cluster which consists of a tendinous vinculum surrounded by synovial membrane of the synovial tendon sheath. Examples: short vinculum of tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis, long vinculum of tendon of flexor digitorum profundus." [FMA:42604, Wikipedia:Vincula_tendina]
comment: This is not classified as a tendon in FMA
synonym: "tendon vinculum" EXACT [FMA:42604]
xref: FMA:42604
xref: SCTID:360764006
is_a: UBERON:0000043  ! tendon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012121
name: respiratory velum
namespace: uberon
def: "a respiratory pump found in basal craniates" [Wikipedia:http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryUV.html]
comment: Muscular scroll-like flap that moves water through median nostril and over gills
synonym: "velum" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0000171  ! respiration organ
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7762

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012124
name: avian scapholunar bone
namespace: uberon
comment: May correspond to radiale[Origin and evolution of birds, Feduccia]
synonym: "radiale" RELATED []
synonym: "scapholunar" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001480  ! proximal carpal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012125
name: dermatological-muscosal system
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical system that consists of the integumental system plus all mucosae and submucosae." [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/53]
synonym: "dermatological system" RELATED [OBI:MC]
is_a: UBERON:0000467  ! anatomical system
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa
relationship: has_part UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012126
name: fibulare
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The fibulare constitutes the preaxial element[AAO]." [AAO:0000913]
comment: In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the tibiale[AAO]
synonym: "astragalus" RELATED [AAO:0000913]
xref: AAO:0000913
is_a: UBERON:0011679  ! proximal tarsal bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton
property_value: external_definition "One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The fibulare constitutes the preaxial element. In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the tibiale.[AAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012127
name: feather barbicel
namespace: uberon
def: "A minute hook that projects off of a feather barbule, holding barbules together" []
synonym: "barbicel" BROAD SENSU []
synonym: "feather hooklet" EXACT []
synonym: "hooklet" BROAD SENSU []
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0008295 ! feather barbule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012128
name: nose tip
namespace: uberon
synonym: "apex nasi" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "apex of nose" EXACT [FMA:59518]
synonym: "nasal tip" EXACT [FMA:59518]
synonym: "snout tip" RELATED []
synonym: "tip of nose" EXACT [FMA:59518]
synonym: "tip of snout" RELATED []
xref: FMA:59518
xref: SCTID:361926005
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007827 ! external nose

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012129
name: radial head of humerus
namespace: uberon
def: "Hemispherical ball located at the lower end of the humerus that stands out prominently from the surrounding structures toward the flexor surface of the forelimb" [AAO:LAP, PHENOSCAPE:curators]
synonym: "capitellum" RELATED []
synonym: "capitellum of humerus" EXACT []
synonym: "eminentia capitata" RELATED [AAO:0000838]
synonym: "radial condyle" RELATED [AAO:0000838]
synonym: "radial condyle of humerus" EXACT []
xref: AAO:0000838
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus
property_value: external_definition "Hemispherical ball located at the lower end of the humerus that stands out prominently from the surrounding structures toward the flexor surface of the forelimb and fits into the socket joint of the olecranon process[AAO]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012130
name: olecranon fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "Above the back part of the trochlea of the humerus is a deep triangular depression, the olecranon fossa, in which the summit of the olecranon is received in extension of the forearm." [Wikipedia:Olecranon_fossa]
comment: a deep evacuation in the bone, into which the anconeal process of the ulna passes when the elbow joint is extended
synonym: "fossa olecrani" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Olecranon_fossa]
xref: FMA:23450
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012131
name: centrale
namespace: uberon
def: "Endochondral bone located between the proximal and distal rows of carpals or tarsals and thus representing the central carpals or tarsals[PHENOSCAPE]." [PHENOSCAPE:AMAO]
comment: Usage notes: This term corresponds both to the navicular bone in the pes and the similar central carpals in the manus. AO notes: the FMA term is under 'general anatomical term'.
synonym: "central mesopodium bone" EXACT []
synonym: "os centrale" EXACT [FMA:77232]
xref: FMA:77232
is_a: UBERON:0003656  ! mesopodium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009878 ! mesopodial skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012132
name: intercuneiform joint
namespace: uberon
def: "The intercuneiform articulations are articulations among the cuneiform bones[WP,unverified]." [Wikipedia:Intercuneiform_articulations]
comment: Terminology notes: The term \"cuneocuboid articulation\" is sometimes used to describe the joint between the cuboid and lateral cuneiform, but this term isn't recognized by Terminologia Anatomica[WP]
synonym: "cuneocuboid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercuneiform_articulations]
synonym: "cuneocuboid articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercuneiform_articulations]
synonym: "intercuneiform" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercuneiform_articulations]
synonym: "intercuneiform and cuneocuboid articulations" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercuneiform_articulations]
synonym: "intercuneiform articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercuneiform_articulations]
synonym: "intercuneiform joints" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercuneiform_articulations]
xref: FMA:35213
is_a: UBERON:0000982  ! skeletal joint
relationship: connects UBERON:0010721 {cardinality="2"} ! distal tarsal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012133
name: lateral-intermediate intercuneiform joint
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - add connections
xref: FMA:73223
is_a: UBERON:0012132  ! intercuneiform joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012134
name: medial-intermediate intercuneiform joint
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - add connections
xref: FMA:73222
is_a: UBERON:0012132  ! intercuneiform joint

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012135
name: prepollex skeleton
namespace: uberon
comment: A prepollex does not contain phalanges nor does it articulate with a metacarpal. It articulates with elements of the carpal (wrist) skeleton[AAO:DB]. TODO: add articulation relations
synonym: "cartilago pre-pollicis" RELATED [AAO:0000852]
synonym: "prepollex" BROAD [AAO:0000852]
xref: AAO:0000852
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010712  ! limb skeleton subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005880 ! prepollex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton
relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012136
name: prehallux
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0005881  ! limb outgrowth
is_a: UBERON:0008784  ! lower limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region
property_value: has_relational_adjective "prehallical" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012137
name: pedal digit 7
namespace: uberon
synonym: "foot digit 7" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind digit 7" EXACT []
synonym: "hind digit VII" EXACT []
synonym: "hind limb digit 7" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "pes digit VII" EXACT []
synonym: "seventh toe" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 7" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001466  ! pedal digit
property_value: ray_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012138
name: pedal digit 8
namespace: uberon
synonym: "eigth toe" EXACT []
synonym: "foot digit 8" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:9606, OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "hind digit 8" EXACT []
synonym: "hind digit VIII" EXACT []
synonym: "hind limb digit 8" EXACT [OBOL:accepted]
synonym: "pes digit VIII" EXACT []
synonym: "toe 8" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001466  ! pedal digit
property_value: ray_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012139
name: segment of autopod
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002529  ! limb segment
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012140
name: digitopodium region
namespace: uberon
def: "A segment of the autopod consisting of both acropodial region and metapodial region, but excluding the mesopodial/basopodial region." [PHENOSCAPE:ni]
comment: Terminology notes: some sources call this the acropodium. see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019
synonym: "acropodium (Wagner)" RELATED []
synonym: "autopod proper" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0012139  ! segment of autopod
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012141
name: manual digitopodium region
namespace: uberon
def: "A digitopodium region that is part of a manus[Obol]. This includes the fingers and metacarpal region, but excludes the carpal region." []
comment: Terminology notes: some sources call this the acropodium. see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019
synonym: "hand proper" RELATED [FMA:61067]
xref: FMA:61067
is_a: UBERON:0005451  ! segment of manus
is_a: UBERON:0012140  ! digitopodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0012140  ! digitopodium region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012142
name: pedal digitopodium region
namespace: uberon
def: "A digitopodium region that is part of a pes[Obol]. This includes the toes and metatarsal region, but excludes the tarsals region." []
comment: Terminology notes: some sources call this the acropodium. see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019
synonym: "foot proper" RELATED [FMA:73084]
xref: FMA:73084
is_a: UBERON:0005445  ! segment of pes
is_a: UBERON:0012140  ! digitopodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0012140  ! digitopodium region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012150
name: skeleton of digitopodium
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of the autopod skeleton consisting of both acropodial skeleon and metapodial skeleton, but excluding the mesopodial/basopodial skeleton." [PHENOSCAPE:ni]
comment: Terminology notes: some sources call this the acropodium. see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019
synonym: "autopod proper skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "digitopodium" RELATED [PHENOSCAPE:ni]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010712  ! limb skeleton subdivision
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! autopodial skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012140 ! digitopodium region
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0012140 ! digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0012140 ! digitopodium region
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012151
name: skeleton of manual digitopodium
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of the manus skeleton consisting of both manual acropodial skeleton and metacarpal skeleton, but excluding the carpal skeleton." [PHENOSCAPE:ni, UBERON:cjm]
comment: Terminology notes: some sources call this the acropodium. see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019
synonym: "hand proper skeleton" RELATED [FMA:79180]
synonym: "manual digitopodium" RELATED []
synonym: "skeleton of hand proper" RELATED [FMA:79180]
xref: FMA:79180
is_a: UBERON:0012150  ! skeleton of digitopodium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012141 ! manual digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0012150  ! skeleton of digitopodium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012152
name: skeleton of pedal digitopodium
namespace: uberon
def: "A subdivision of the pes skeleton consisting of both pedal acropodial skeleton and metatarsal skeleton, but excluding the tarsal skeleton." [PHENOSCAPE:ni, UBERON:cjm]
comment: Terminology notes: some sources call this the acropodium. see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019
synonym: "foot proper skeleton" RELATED []
synonym: "pedal digitopodium" RELATED []
synonym: "skeleton of foot proper" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0012150  ! skeleton of digitopodium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012142 ! pedal digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0012150  ! skeleton of digitopodium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000019

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012167
name: buccal fat pad
namespace: uberon
def: "The Buccal fat pad is one of several encapsulated fat masses in the cheek. It is a deep fat pad located on either side of the face between the buccinator muscle and several more superficial muscles. It should not be confused with the malar fat pad, which is directly below the skin of the cheek. It should also not be confused with jowl fat pads. It is implicated in the formation of hollow cheeks and the nasolabial fold, but not in the formation of jowls." [Wikipedia:Buccal_fat_pad]
synonym: "Bichat's fat pad" EXACT [FMA:59799]
xref: FMA:59799
xref: SCTID:25930004
is_a: UBERON:0003566  ! head connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek
intersection_of: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012170
name: core of nucleus accumbens
namespace: uberon
synonym: "core of nucleus accumbens" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090306]
synonym: "core region of nucleus accumbens" EXACT [FMA:77383]
synonym: "nucleus accumbens core" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090306]
xref: EFO:0002458
xref: FMA:77383
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090306
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001882 ! nucleus accumbens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012171
name: shell of nucleus accumbens
namespace: uberon
def: "Crescent shaped outer zone of the nucleus accumbens, defined by a combination of chemoarchitecture and afferent and efferent connections. The shell is distinguished from the more centrally located core through the notable reduction in staining for the calcium-binding protein calbindin D28K, which is dense in the core and virtually absent in the shell." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090307]
synonym: "nucleus accumbens shell" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090307]
synonym: "shell of nucleus accumbens" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090307]
synonym: "shell region of nucleus accumbens" EXACT [FMA:77387]
xref: EFO:0002459
xref: FMA:77387
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090307
is_a: UBERON:0002791  ! regional part of telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001882 ! nucleus accumbens

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012172
name: stomach primordium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "stomach endoderm" RELATED [EFO:0002580]
xref: EFO:0002580
xref: UMLS:C1514976
xref: ncithesaurus:Stomach_Primordium
is_a: UBERON:0001048  ! primordium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003258 ! endoderm of foregut

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012173
name: middle suprarenal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle suprarenal arteries (middle capsular arteries; suprarenal arteries) are two small vessels which arise, one from either side of the abdominal aorta, opposite the superior mesenteric artery. They pass laterally and slightly upward, over the crura of the diaphragm, to the suprarenal glands, where they anastomose with suprarenal branches of the inferior phrenic and renal arteries. In the fetus these arteries are of large size." [Wikipedia:Middle_suprarenal_arteries]
synonym: "arteria suprarenalis media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_suprarenal_arteries]
synonym: "middle capsular artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_suprarenal_arteries]
synonym: "middle suprarenal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_suprarenal_arteries]
synonym: "middle suprarenal arterial tree" EXACT [FMA:14754]
synonym: "middle suprarenal artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_suprarenal_arteries]
xref: FMA:14754
xref: SCTID:303425000
is_a: UBERON:0005624  ! suprarenal artery
is_a: UBERON:0012254  ! abdominal aorta artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012174
name: obsolete geniculate nucleus
namespace: uberon
is_obsolete: true
consider: UBERON:0001926  ! lateral geniculate body
consider: UBERON:0001927  ! medial geniculate body
comment: inappropriate grouping
synonym: "geniculate body" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0002463
xref: SCTID:362376002

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012175
name: acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex
namespace: uberon
synonym: "facio-acoustic VII-VIII ganglion complex" RELATED [VHOG:0000715]
synonym: "facio-acoustic ganglion complex VII-VIII" EXACT [EMAPA:16794]
xref: EHDAA2:0000494
xref: EMAPA:16794
xref: VHOG:0000715
is_a: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006232 ! facio-acoustic VII-VIII preganglion complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012176
name: comb
namespace: uberon
def: "a vascular, red cutaneous structure attached in a sagittal plane to the dorsum of the skull of domestic fowl. It consists of a base attached to the skull, a central mass called the body, a backward projecting blade and upward projecting points" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pea+comb]
xref: SCTID:3643003
is_a: UBERON:0000021  ! cutaneous appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012177
name: skin apocrine gland
namespace: uberon
def: "An apocrine gland that is part of a skin of body." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000147
is_a: UBERON:0002419  ! skin gland
is_a: UBERON:0008974  ! apocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body
intersection_of: UBERON:0008974  ! apocrine gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012179
name: bone of pelvis
namespace: uberon
comment: In MA, this is the superclass of the 3 innominate elements (pelvic girdle bones) and caudal and sacral vertebrae. This class is included to ensure consistency across anatomical ontologies
xref: MA:0000532
is_a: UBERON:0003828  ! abdominal segment bone
is_a: UBERON:0005179  ! pelvis organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012180
name: head or neck skin
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of a craniocervical region." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: MA:0000574
xref: UMLS:C1522650
xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Scalp_and_Neck
is_a: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012181
name: tonsil crypt
namespace: uberon
def: "Tonsils consist of an extensive system of crypts, which result in a large internal surface. The tonsils contain four lymphoid compartments that influence immune functions, namely the reticular crypt epithelium, the extrafollicular area, the mantle zones of lymphoid follicles, and the follicular germinal centers. In human palatine tonsils, the very first part exposed to the outside environment is tonsillar epithelium." [Wikipedia:Tonsillar_crypts]
synonym: "cryptae tonsillares" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Tonsillar_crypts]
synonym: "tonsillar crypt" EXACT [FMA:55044]
xref: FMA:55044
xref: MA:0000777
xref: SCTID:143723007
xref: UMLS:C0229876
xref: ncithesaurus:Tonsillar_Crypt
is_a: UBERON:0003351  ! pharyngeal epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012184
name: obsolete tunica vasculosa plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3580301&group_id=76834&atid=1205376]
is_obsolete: true
comment: obsolete term deriving from MA to NCITA mappings.

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012186
name: ovary growing follicle
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001708
xref: UMLS:C1512279
xref: ncithesaurus:Growing_Follicle
is_a: UBERON:0001305  ! ovarian follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012187
name: frontal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The supratrochlear artery (or frontal artery), one of the terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery, branches off where the ophthalmic travels posterior to the trochlea." [Wikipedia:Supratrochlear_artery]
synonym: "a supratrochlearis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supratrochlear_artery]
synonym: "frontal arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supratrochlear_artery]
synonym: "frontal artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Supratrochlear_artery]
synonym: "supratrochlear artery" EXACT [FMA:50025]
xref: FMA:50025
xref: MA:0001960
xref: SCTID:369332005
xref: UMLS:C1708100
xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001619 ! ophthalmic artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012193
name: phrenic vein
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002194
xref: UMLS:C1709532
xref: ncithesaurus:Phrenic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012194
name: superior intercostal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior intercostal veins are two veins that drain the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th intercostal spaces, one vein for each side of the body." [Wikipedia:Superior_intercostal_vein]
xref: MA:0002226
xref: UMLS:C1515066
xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Intercostal_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0012197  ! intercostal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012195
name: left superior intercostal vein
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:4797
xref: SCTID:27297006
is_a: UBERON:0012194  ! superior intercostal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012196
name: right superior intercostal vein
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:4877
xref: SCTID:80721005
is_a: UBERON:0012194  ! superior intercostal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012197
name: intercostal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The intercostal veins are a group of veins which drain the area between the ribs." [Wikipedia:Intercostal_veins]
xref: EMAPA:18762
xref: SCTID:281057004
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: located_in UBERON:0012198 ! intercostal space
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0012198 ! intercostal space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012198
name: intercostal space
namespace: uberon
def: "Space of compartment of trunk bounded by the upper and lower surfaces of two consecutive ribs." [FMA:12243, Wikipedia:Intercostal_space]
xref: FMA:12243
xref: SCTID:243937005
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002228 ! rib

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012199
name: posterior intercostal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior intercostal veins are veins that drain the intercostal spaces posteriorly. They run with their corresponding posterior intercostal artery on the underside of the rib, the vein superior to the artery. Each vein also gives off a dorsal branch that drains blood from the muscles of the back. There are eleven posterior intercostal veins on each side. Their patterns are variable, but they are commonly arranged as: The 1st posterior intercostal vein, supreme intercostal vein, drains into the brachiocephalic vein or the vertebral vein. The 2nd and 3rd (and often 4th) posterior intercostal veins drain into the superior intercostal vein. The remaining posterior intercostal veins drain into the azygos vein on the right, or the hemiazygos vein on the left." [Wikipedia:Posterior_intercostal_veins]
synonym: "venae intercostalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:4858]
xref: FMA:4858
xref: SCTID:89209000
is_a: UBERON:0012197  ! intercostal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012200
name: anterior intercostal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior intercostal veins are the veins which drain the anterior intercostal space." [Wikipedia:Anterior_intercostal_veins]
xref: FMA:12831
xref: SCTID:15546000
is_a: UBERON:0012197  ! intercostal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012236
name: intercostal lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The intercostal lymph nodes (intercostal glands ) occupy the posterior parts of the intercostal spaces, in relation to the intercostal vessels. They receive the deep lymphatics from the postero-lateral aspect of the chest; some of these vessels are interrupted by small lateral intercostal glands." [Wikipedia:Intercostal_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "intercostal node" EXACT [FMA:5932]
synonym: "nodi lymphoidei intercostales" EXACT [Wikipedia:Intercostal_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "nodus intercostale" EXACT [FMA:5932]
xref: FMA:5932
xref: SCTID:204088001
xref: UMLS:C0229761
xref: ncithesaurus:Intercostal_Lymph_Node
is_a: UBERON:0007644  ! thoracic lymph node
relationship: located_in UBERON:0012198 ! intercostal space
intersection_of: UBERON:0000029  ! lymph node
intersection_of: located_in UBERON:0012198 ! intercostal space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012237
name: superior phrenic vein
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior phrenic vein, i.e. , the vein accompanying the pericardiacophrenic artery, usually opens into the internal mammary vein." [Wikipedia:Superior_phrenic_vein]
xref: FMA:78121
xref: SCTID:198356008
is_a: UBERON:0012193  ! phrenic vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012238
name: ureteric bud trunk
namespace: uberon
def: "ureteric bud cells that elongate to form a rigid structure (stalk) consisting of polarized epithelial cells without branching;  the stalks differentiate into the collecting system of the mature kidney, while the tip cells interact with the adjacent cells of the metanephric mesenchyme, inducing their conversion into nephrons." [MP:0011761]
synonym: "ureteric bud stalk" RELATED [MP:0011761]
synonym: "ureteric stalk" RELATED [EMAPA:27608]
synonym: "ureteric trunk" RELATED [EMAPA:27608]
xref: EMAPA:27608
xref: EMAPA:27627
xref: EMAPA:27697
xref: EMAPA:28405
xref: EMAPA:28494
is_a: UBERON:0005103  ! mesonephric epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010137  ! polarized epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012239
name: urinary bladder vasculature
namespace: uberon
def: "network of tubes that carries blood through the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys[MP]" [MP:MP]
synonym: "bladder vasculature" EXACT []
synonym: "blood vessels of bladder" EXACT [EMAPA:28679]
synonym: "set of urinary bladder blood vessels" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:28679
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002201  ! vasculature of trunk
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0006876  ! vasculature of organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012240
name: urethral meatus
namespace: uberon
def: "external opening or orifice of the urethra through which urine and seminal fluid (in males only) leave the body; in males the meatus presents as a vertical slit normally positioned at the tip of glans penis; in females the meatus is located between the clitoris and the vagina in the vulvular vestibule of the female genitalia[MP]." [MP:MP, Wikipedia:Urinary_meatus]
synonym: "external meatus of urethra" EXACT [FMA:19650]
synonym: "external urethral orifice" EXACT [FMA:19650]
synonym: "external urethral ostium" EXACT [FMA:19650]
synonym: "external urinary meatus" EXACT [FMA:19650]
synonym: "meatus urinarius" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "orificium urethrC& externum" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "orificium urethrae externum" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "urethral meatus" EXACT [FMA:19650]
xref: FMA:19650
xref: SCTID:181424008
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010418  ! urethral opening
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012241
name: male urethral meatus
namespace: uberon
def: "A urethral meatus that is part of a male urethra[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:External_urethral_orifice_%28male%29]
synonym: "external orifice of male urethra" EXACT [FMA:85265]
synonym: "external urethral orifice (male)" EXACT [FMA:85265]
synonym: "ostium urethrae externum (urethra masculina)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:85265
xref: SCTID:279478000
is_a: UBERON:0012240  ! urethral meatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0012240  ! urethral meatus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism
property_value: external_definition "The external urethral orifice is the external opening or meatus of the urethra, normally placed at the tip of glans penis; it presents as a vertical slit, possibly bounded on either side by two small labia-like projections, In some cases the slit may be more rounded. This occurs naturally in some males and may also be a side effect of excess skin removal during circumcision. Congenital misplacement of the urethral orifice is called hypospadias when it is located in the underside (ventral aspect) of the penis, and epispadias when located in the dorsum (upper aspect). Improper shaping of the meatus can result in meatal stenosis." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012242
name: internal urethral orifice
namespace: uberon
def: "The internal urethral orifice is the opening of the urinary bladder into the urethra. It is placed at the apex of the trigonum vesicae, in the most dependent part of the bladder, and is usually somewhat crescent-shaped; the mucous membrane immediately behind it presents a slight elevation in males, the uvula vesicae, caused by the middle lobe of the prostate." [Wikipedia:Internal_urethral_orifice]
synonym: "internal meatus of urethra" EXACT [FMA:85263]
synonym: "internal urethral orifice of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:85263]
synonym: "internal urethral ostium" EXACT [FMA:85263, MP:0011782]
synonym: "internal urinary meatus" RELATED [MP:0011782]
synonym: "orificium urethrae internum" EXACT LATIN [MP:0011782]
synonym: "ostium orificium internum" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "ostium urethrae internum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_urethral_orifice]
synonym: "vesicourethral orifice" EXACT [FMA:85263]
xref: FMA:85263
xref: SCTID:362228001
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010418  ! urethral opening
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012243
name: nuptial pad
namespace: uberon
def: "Raised calluses of cornified epidermis used by the male to hold the female during mating." [ISBN10:0073040584]
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012244
name: stratum intermedium of epidermis
namespace: uberon
def: "A temporary layer between old and new skin that is invalided by white blood cells[Kardong]." [ISBN10:0073040584]
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012246
name: thyroid follicular lumen
namespace: uberon
def: "A follicular lumen is the closed cavity within a follicle of the thyroid gland. It is surrounded by follicular cells and filled with colloid, a concentrated solution of thyroglobulin" [Wikipedia:Follicular_lumen]
synonym: "follicular lumen" BROAD [Wikipedia:Follicular_lumen]
synonym: "lumen of thyroid follicle" EXACT [FMA:68829]
synonym: "thyroid follicle lumen" EXACT [FMA:68829]
synonym: "thyroid follicular space" EXACT [FMA:68829]
xref: FMA:68829
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0005305 ! thyroid follicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005305 ! thyroid follicle
relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0012363 ! thyroid follicle epithelium
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0005305 ! thyroid follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012254
name: abdominal aorta artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An artery that originates from the abdominal aorta" [UBERON:cjm, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_aorta#Branches]
synonym: "abdominal artery" EXACT []
synonym: "artery of abdomen" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:281470000
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012255
name: inferior phrenic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The inferior phrenic arteries are two small vessels, which supply the diaphragm but present much variety in their origin. They may arise separately from the front of the aorta, immediately above the celiac artery, or by a common trunk, which may spring either from the aorta or from the celiac artery. Sometimes one is derived from the aorta, and the other from one of the renal arteries; they rarely arise as separate vessels from the aorta. They diverge from one another across the crura of the diaphragm, and then run obliquely upward and lateralward upon its under surface. The left phrenic passes behind the esophagus, and runs forward on the left side of the esophageal hiatus. The right phrenic passes behind the inferior vena cava, and along the right side of the foramen which transmits that vein. Near the back part of the central tendon each vessel divides into a medial and a lateral branch. The medial branch curves forward, and anastomoses with its fellow of the opposite side, and with the musculophrenic and pericardiacophrenic arteries. The lateral branch passes toward the side of the thorax, and anastomoses with the lower intercostal arteries, and with the musculophrenic. The lateral branch of the right phrenic gives off a few vessels to the inferior vena cava; and the left one, some branches to the esophagus. Each vessel gives off superior suprarenal branches to the suprarenal gland of its own side. The spleen and the liver also receive a few twigs from the left and right vessels respectively." [Wikipedia:Inferior_phrenic_arteries]
synonym: "arteriae phrenicae inferiores" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_phrenic_artery]
synonym: "inferior phrenic artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_phrenic_arteries]
xref: FMA:14734
xref: SCTID:244283000
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray531.png/200px-Gray531.png
is_a: UBERON:0002057  ! phrenic artery
is_a: UBERON:0012254  ! abdominal aorta artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001516 ! abdominal aorta
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012256
name: digestive syncytial vacuole
namespace: uberon
comment: Taxon notes: in Aceola, Digestion is accomplished by means of a syncytium that forms a vacuole around ingested food. There are no epithelial cells lining the digestive vacuole, although there is sometimes a short pharynx leading from the mouth to the vacuole[WP]
is_a: UBERON:0000470  ! cell part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:147099

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012260
name: alula (Aves)
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit found in Aves that is the most preaxial position and is morphologically similar to digit 1 in the standard tetrapod configuration and develops from embryonic digit 2, with contributions from embryonic digit 1." [PMID:10220427, PhenoscapeRCN:Oct2012]
comment: Hypothesized to be homologous to manual digit 1 of other tetrapods. Develops from the embryonic digit that is positionally the 2nd, with contributions from the 1st
synonym: "alula" RELATED []
synonym: "digit I of manus" RELATED []
synonym: "digit I(CII) of manus" RELATED []
synonym: "wing digit 1 (adult)" RELATED []
synonym: "wing digit 2 (embryonic)" RELATED []
synonym: "wing digit I" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme
relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012261
name: manual major digit (Aves)
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit found in Aves that is morphologically similar to digit 2 in the standard tetrapod configuration and develops from embryonic digit 3." [PMID:10220427, PhenoscapeRCN:Oct2012]
comment: Hypothesized to be homologous to manual digit 2 of other tetrapods
synonym: "digit II of manus" RELATED []
synonym: "digit II(CIII) of manus" RELATED []
synonym: "manual major digit" RELATED []
synonym: "wing digit 2 (adult)" RELATED []
synonym: "wing digit 3 (embryonic)" RELATED []
synonym: "wing digit II" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012262
name: manual minor digit (Aves)
namespace: uberon
def: "A manual digit found in Aves that is morphologically similar to digit 3 in the standard tetrapod configuration and develops from embryonic digit 4." [PMID:10220427, PhenoscapeRCN:Oct2012]
comment: Hypothesized to be homologous to manual digit 3 of other tetrapods
synonym: "digit III of manus" RELATED []
synonym: "digit III(CIV) of manus" RELATED []
synonym: "manual minor digit" RELATED []
synonym: "wing digit 3 (adult)" RELATED []
synonym: "wing digit 4 (embryonic)" RELATED []
synonym: "wing digit III" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002389  ! manual digit
relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme
relationship: postaxial_part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012270
name: forestomach-glandular stomach junction
namespace: uberon
synonym: "forestomach - glandular stomach squamocolumnar junction" RELATED []
synonym: "limiting ridge of stomach" RELATED [UBERON:0008827]
synonym: "margo plicatus" RELATED [UBERON:0008827]
synonym: "squamo-columnar junction between forestomach and glandular stomach" RELATED []
synonym: "squamocolumnar junction with the glandular stomach" RELATED []
xref: SCTID:67204008
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0008827 ! forestomach
relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0011953 ! stomach glandular region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012271
name: major duodenal papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct together perforate the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum obliquely, some 7 to 10 cm below the pylorus, forming a structure called the major duodenal papilla. The accessory pancreatic duct sometimes pierces it about 2 cm above and slightly in front of these." [Wikipedia:Major_duodenal_papilla]
synonym: "greater duodenal papilla" EXACT [FMA:15074]
synonym: "major papilla" RELATED [Wikipedia:Major_duodenal_papilla]
synonym: "papilla duodeni major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Major_duodenal_papilla]
synonym: "tubercle of Vater" EXACT [FMA:15074]
xref: FMA:15074
xref: SCTID:181272007
is_a: UBERON:0004914  ! duodenal papilla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012272
name: minor duodenal papilla
namespace: uberon
def: "The minor duodenal papilla is the opening of the accessory pancreatic duct into the duodenum. It is sometimes absent, and often nonfunctional." [Wikipedia:Minor_duodenal_papilla]
synonym: "Santorini's caruncle" EXACT [FMA:15075]
synonym: "Santorini's minor caruncle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Minor_duodenal_papilla]
synonym: "lesser duodenal papilla" EXACT [FMA:15075]
synonym: "minor papilla" RELATED [Wikipedia:Minor_duodenal_papilla]
xref: FMA:15075
xref: SCTID:245390003
is_a: UBERON:0004914  ! duodenal papilla

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012273
name: periampullary region of duodenum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "periampullary region" EXACT []
xref: UMLS:C1882332
xref: ncithesaurus:Periampullary_Region
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012274
name: columnar epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that consists of columnar epithelial cells. Columnar epithelia are epithelial cells whose heights are at least four times their width. Columnar epithelia are divided into simple (or unilayered), and the rarer stratified (or multi-layered).[WP, modified]" [Wikipedia:Columnar_epithelium]
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012275
name: meso-epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Epithelium that derives from the mesoderm. [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
xref: FMA:86452
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012278
name: nasal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The nasal glands are the seromucous glands in the respiratory region of the nasal mucous membrane. The three major types of nasal glands are anterior serous glands, seromucous glands, and Bowman glands." [Wikipedia:Nasal_glands]
xref: SCTID:368881007
xref: UMLS:C1522269
xref: ncithesaurus:Nose_Nasal_Cavity_Nasal_Gland_MMHCC
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012279
name: paraganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "Small bodies containing chromaffin cells occurring outside of the adrenal medulla, most commonly near the sympathetic ganglia and in organs such as the kidney, liver, heart and gonads." [MESH:A06.224.736, Wikipedia:Paraganglion]
comment: Editors note: unrevised
synonym: "chromaffin body" RELATED [MESH:A06.224.736]
synonym: "chromaffin paraganglia" RELATED PLURAL [MESH:A06.224.736]
synonym: "chromaffin paraganglion" RELATED [MESH:A06.224.736]
xref: CALOHA:TS-2358
xref: EMAPA:18223
xref: FMA:15648
xref: MESH:A06.224.736
xref: SCTID:329735008
xref: UMLS:C0030419
xref: ncithesaurus:Paraganglion
is_a: UBERON:0000061  ! anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012281
name: perianal gland
namespace: uberon
synonym: "circumanal gland" RELATED [MESH:A13.734]
synonym: "perianal gland" RELATED [MESH:A13.734]
xref: MESH:A13.734
xref: ncithesaurus:Perianal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0002365  ! exocrine gland
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012283
name: abnormal femoral fat pad morphology
namespace: uberon
def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur" [MP:0008905]
synonym: "femoral fat depot" EXACT [MP:0008905]
is_a: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
is_a: UBERON:0004266  ! upper leg connective tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod
intersection_of: UBERON:0003916  ! fat pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012284
name: animal hemisphere
namespace: uberon
comment: The animal pole consists of small cells that divide rapidly, in contrast with the vegetal pole below it.[WP] Note the XAO class is specific to the zygote.
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
synonym: "animal pole" RELATED []
synonym: "animal pole of blastomere" NARROW []
synonym: "animal pole of zygote" NARROW []
xref: AAO:0010325
xref: XAO:0000202
is_a: UBERON:0012286  ! hemisphere of embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012285
name: vegetal hemisphere
namespace: uberon
comment: The vegetal pole contains large yolky cells that divide very slowly, in contrast with the animal pole above it.[WP]
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
synonym: "vegetal pole" RELATED []
synonym: "vegetal pole of blastomere" NARROW []
synonym: "vegetal pole of zygote" NARROW []
xref: AAO:0010331
xref: XAO:0000280
is_a: UBERON:0012286  ! hemisphere of embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012286
name: hemisphere of embryo
namespace: uberon
def: "One of two hemispheres of the embryo at the zygote or blastula stage[WP,modified]" [Wikipedia:Polarity_in_embryogenesis, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/153]
comment: Usage notes: Like many of the early_development classes in this ontology, this class requires review for its applicability across vertebrates. See the tracker item for further discussion.
subset: early_development  ! A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes.
synonym: "pole of embryo" RELATED []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Oocyte_Poles.jpg/180px-Oocyte_Poles.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000106 ! zygote stage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012287
name: Rathkes pouch epithelium
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0001473
xref: EMAPA:25036
is_a: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
is_a: UBERON:0009854  ! digestive tract diverticulum
is_a: UBERON:0011642  ! oral epithelium from ectoderm
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009479 ! ectoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005356 ! Rathke's pouch
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011642 ! oral epithelium from ectoderm
intersection_of: UBERON:0007499  ! epithelial sac
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005356 ! Rathke's pouch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012288
name: centroquartal bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A tarsal bone that is formed from the fusion of the central and 4th tarsal bones." [UBERON:skansa]
is_a: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0010737 ! distal tarsal bone 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0010737 ! distal tarsal bone 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012289
name: fused tarsals 2 and 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A tarsal bone that is formed from the fusion of the 2nd and 3rd tarsal bones." [UBERON:skansa]
synonym: "fused tarsal bones 2 and 3" EXACT []
synonym: "tarsals 2+3" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001453 ! distal tarsal bone 2
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001454 ! distal tarsal bone 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0001453 ! distal tarsal bone 2
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0001454 ! distal tarsal bone 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012290
name: fused carpals 2 and 3
namespace: uberon
def: "A carpal bone that is formed from the fusion of the 2nd and 3rd carpal bones." [UBERON:skansa]
is_a: UBERON:0001435  ! carpal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001431 ! distal carpal bone 2
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001432 ! distal carpal bone 3
intersection_of: UBERON:0001435  ! carpal bone
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0001431 ! distal carpal bone 2
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0001432 ! distal carpal bone 3

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012291
name: lateral malleolus of fibula
namespace: uberon
synonym: "distal extremity of fibula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Malleolus#Lateral_malleolus]
synonym: "external malleolus of fibula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Malleolus#Lateral_malleolus]
synonym: "fibular malleolus" RELATED []
synonym: "lateral malleolus" BROAD [FMA:35502]
synonym: "malleolar bone" NARROW SENSU []
synonym: "malleolar bone of ankle" NARROW SENSU []
xref: FMA:35502
xref: SCTID:361795009
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004410 ! distal epiphysis of fibula
property_value: taxon_notes "In bovids, the distal end of the fibula is present only as the lateral malleolus, a separate bone that articulates with the lateral side of the distal tibia." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012292
name: embryonic cloacal fold
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the pair of mesenchymal swellings (folds) located on either side of the cloacal membrane during the indifferent stage of embryonic development; cranial to the cloacal membrane the folds unite to form the genital tubercle; caudally the folds are subdivided into urogenital folds anteriorly and anal folds posteriorly" [MP:0011836, MP:anna]
comment: We presume this is distinct from AAO:0001003, an external integumentary structure - check with amphibian anatomy ontology developers. AO notes: the text def states mesenchymal swelling, EHDAA2 splits into mesenchymal and epithelial parts
synonym: "cloacal fold" BROAD [EHDAA2:0004009]
xref: EHDAA2:0004009
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006217 ! cloacal membrane
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012469 ! external anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012293
name: anal fold
namespace: uberon
def: "a slight elevation flanking the cloacal membrane and derived from a cloacal fold; anal folds form the border of the anus." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/anal+fold]
xref: EHDAA2:0004012
is_a: UBERON:0000481  ! multi-tissue structure
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0012292 ! embryonic cloacal fold
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012294
name: navicular fossa of spongiose part of urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "The dilated terminal portion of the male spongy urethra located in the glans penis right before the external urethral orifice, also referred to as the most distal pendulous urethra; it is lined by stratified squamous, non-keratinizing epithelium; during development, the glans of the penis is initially solid but cannulates to give rise to the navicular fossa." [MP:0011838, MP:anna, Wikipedia:Navicular_fossa_of_male_urethra]
synonym: "fossa navicularis of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "fossa navicularis urethrae" EXACT [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Navicular_fossa_of_male_urethra]
synonym: "fossa navicularis urethrae (pars spongiosa, urethra masculina)" EXACT [FMA:19722]
synonym: "navicular fossa" EXACT [FMA:19722]
synonym: "navicular fossa of urethra" EXACT []
xref: FMA:19722
xref: SCTID:362233002
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0010304 ! non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001337 ! spongiose part of urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012295
name: GuC)rin's valve
namespace: uberon
def: "an inconstant fold or valve of mucous membrane sometimes found in the root or upper wall of the navicular fossa of the urethra" [MP:0011839, MP:anna, http://www.drugs.com/dict/valve-of-navicular-fossa.html]
synonym: "GuC)rin's fold" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/valve-of-navicular-fossa.html]
synonym: "GuC)rin's valvule" EXACT [MP:anna]
synonym: "Guerin's valve" EXACT []
synonym: "urethral valve of GuC)rin" EXACT [MP:anna]
synonym: "valve of fossa navicularis of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "valvula fossae navicularis" EXACT LATIN [MP:anna]
xref: SCTID:367737008
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012294 ! navicular fossa of spongiose part of urethra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012299 ! mucosa of urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012296
name: urethral crest
namespace: uberon
def: "A longitudinal mucosal fold in the dorsal wall of the urethra[MP]" [MP:0011840, MP:anna, Wikipedia:Urethral_crest]
comment: AO notes: in the FMA this is part of the prostatic urethra - but this leads to inconsistencies as 'urethral crest' in sex-neutral, with male and female subtypes
synonym: "crista of urethra" EXACT []
synonym: "crista urethralis" EXACT LATIN [MP:anna]
synonym: "urethral crista" EXACT []
xref: FMA:19718
xref: SCTID:362231000
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012299 ! mucosa of urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012298
name: female urethral crest
namespace: uberon
def: "The conspicuous longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the female urethra[MP]" [MP:0011842, MP:anna]
synonym: "crista urethralis femininae" EXACT LATIN [MP:anna]
synonym: "urethral crest (female)" EXACT [FMA:85271]
synonym: "urethral crest of female" EXACT [MP:anna]
xref: FMA:85271
xref: SCTID:279471006
is_a: UBERON:0012296  ! urethral crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005014 ! mucosa of female urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0012296  ! urethral crest
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012299
name: mucosa of urethra
namespace: uberon
synonym: "mucous membrane of urethra" EXACT [FMA:76904]
synonym: "tunica mucosa urethrae" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "urethral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:76904]
xref: FMA:76904
xref: SCTID:362229009
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012300
name: limb paddle
namespace: uberon
def: "A transient developing limb structure that develops from the limb bud; it is a dorsoventral flattening of the limb bud structure and develops into the foot plate" [MP:0011685]
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012301
name: female membranous urethra
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0002638
is_a: UBERON:0001336  ! membranous urethra of male or female
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001336  ! membranous urethra of male or female
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012302
name: male membranous urethra
namespace: uberon
def: "The intermediate part of male urethra (membranous portion) is the shortest, least dilatable, and, with the exception of the external orifice, the narrowest part of the canal. It extends downward and forward, with a slight anterior concavity, between the apex of the prostate and the bulb of the urethra, perforating the urogenital diaphragm about 2.5 cm. below and behind the pubic symphysis. The hinder part of the urethral bulb lies in apposition with the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, but its upper portion diverges somewhat from this fascia: the anterior wall of the membranous urethra is thus prolonged for a short distance in front of the urogenital diaphragm; it measures about 2 cm. in length, while the posterior wall which is between the two fasciC& of the diaphragm is only 1.25 cm. long. The membranous portion of the urethra is completely surrounded by the fibers of the Sphincter urethrae membranaceae. In front of it the deep dorsal vein of the penis enters the pelvis between the transverse ligament of the pelvis and the arcuate pubic ligament; on either side near its termination are the bulbourethral glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Membranous_urethra]
synonym: "membranous urethra" BROAD INCONSISTENT [FMA:19674]
synonym: "pars intermedia urethrae masculinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Membranous_urethra]
synonym: "pars membranacea urethrae masculinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Membranous_urethra]
xref: FMA:19674
xref: MA:0002641
xref: SCTID:263343009
xref: UMLS:C0458453
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray1142.png
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray1142.png/200px-Gray1142.png
xref: ncithesaurus:Membranous_Urethra
is_a: UBERON:0001336  ! membranous urethra of male or female
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra
intersection_of: UBERON:0001336  ! membranous urethra of male or female
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012303
name: ureteral orifice
namespace: uberon
def: "the slit-like opening of either ureter into the bladder; normally, the two ureteral orifices are placed at the posterolateral angles of the urinary bladder trigone while the internal urethral orifice is placed at its anteroinferior angle (apex); wide gaping usually indicates vesicoureteral reflux" [MP:0011783, Wikipedia:Orifice_of_ureter]
comment: TODO - add relationship to junction
synonym: "Mercier's bar" EXACT [FMA:77047]
synonym: "orifice of ureter" EXACT [FMA:77047]
synonym: "orificium ureteris" EXACT LATIN [MP:0011783]
synonym: "ostium ureteris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, MP:0011783]
synonym: "ureteral meatus" EXACT [MP:0011783]
synonym: "ureteral opening" EXACT [MP:0011783]
synonym: "ureteric orifice" EXACT [FMA:77047, MP:0011783]
synonym: "ureteric ostium" EXACT [FMA:77047]
synonym: "ureterovesical orifice" EXACT [FMA:77047, MP:0011783]
xref: FMA:77047
xref: SCTID:181415004
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010418  ! urethral opening
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006082 ! fundus of urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009973 ! ureterovesical junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012304
name: nasal diverticulum
namespace: uberon
def: "Caudally blind-ending cutaneous pouch lined with skin that occupies the nasoincisive notch. It's ventral and medial walls is formed by the alar fold. It's lateral wall is formed by the external nares and it's dorsal wall is formed by the straight fold. Lined by pigmented predominantly hairless skin. It has an external opening located on the dorsolateral aspect of the &quot;true nostril&quot;. When the horse is exercising, obliteration of the nasal diverticulum greatly widens the nostrils increasing air intake[MURDOCH]." [ISBN:3899930983, MURDOCH:1367]
synonym: "false nostril" RELATED []
synonym: "nasal trumpet" RELATED [ISBN:3899930983]
synonym: "soft nose" RELATED [ISBN:3899930983]
is_a: UBERON:1000021  ! skin of face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005928 ! external naris

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012306
name: lateral cervical lymph node
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral cervical node" EXACT [FMA:61232]
xref: FMA:61232
xref: SCTID:167763000
is_a: UBERON:0002429  ! cervical lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012307
name: anterior cervical lymph node
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior cervical node" EXACT []
xref: FMA:61230
xref: SCTID:168259009
is_a: UBERON:0002429  ! cervical lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012308
name: superficial lateral cervical lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The superficial lateral cervical lymph nodes are found in proximity to the external jugular vein." [Wikipedia:Superficial_lateral_cervical_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "superficial lateral cervical node" EXACT [FMA:12769]
xref: FMA:12769
xref: SCTID:50679006
is_a: UBERON:0004870  ! superficial cervical lymph node
is_a: UBERON:0012306  ! lateral cervical lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012309
name: superficial anterior cervical lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The superficial anterior cervical lymph nodes are found in proximity to the anterior jugular vein." [Wikipedia:Superficial_anterior_cervical_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "anterior jugular lymph node" EXACT [FMA:12776]
xref: FMA:12776
xref: SCTID:22993006
is_a: UBERON:0004870  ! superficial cervical lymph node
is_a: UBERON:0012307  ! anterior cervical lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012310
name: deep lateral cervical lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The deep lateral cervical lymph nodes are found near the upper part of the internal jugular vein in the neck, lateral or posterior to the carotid sheath." [Wikipedia:Deep_lateral_cervical_lymph_nodes]
synonym: "deep lateral cervical node" EXACT [FMA:12770]
xref: FMA:12770
xref: SCTID:61755005
is_a: UBERON:0004722  ! deep cervical lymph node
is_a: UBERON:0012306  ! lateral cervical lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012311
name: deep anterior cervical lymph node
namespace: uberon
def: "The deep anterior cervical lymph nodes are found near the middle cricothyroid ligament and the trachea." [Wikipedia:Deep_anterior_cervical_lymph_nodes]
xref: FMA:12779
xref: SCTID:52363008
is_a: UBERON:0004722  ! deep cervical lymph node
is_a: UBERON:0012307  ! anterior cervical lymph node

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012312
name: maxillary process ectoderm
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004599
xref: EMAPA:17637
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012313
name: 1st arch maxillary ectoderm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ectoderm of maxillary component" EXACT [EMAPA:16389]
xref: EHDAA2:0000039
xref: EMAPA:16389
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007238 ! 1st arch maxillary component

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012314
name: embryonic facial prominence
namespace: uberon
def: "One of five swellings formed during the development of the face" [http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/hnanim/face/face.html]
xref: SCTID:89066004
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012315
name: incisive foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "the point where the primary palate and both palatine shelves fuse." [Wikipedia:Incisive_foramen, https://missinglink.ucsf.edu/restricted/lm/CongenitalAnomalies/CleftLipPalate.html]
synonym: "Stenson's foramen" EXACT [FMA:75305]
synonym: "foramina incisiva" RELATED [Wikipedia:Incisive_foramen]
synonym: "incisive foramina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Incisive_foramen]
synonym: "incisive fossa" RELATED [Wikipedia:Incisive_foramen]
xref: FMA:75305
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005619 ! secondary palatal shelf
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005620 ! primary palate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012316
name: primitive palate
namespace: uberon
def: "Roof of the buccal cavity, formed from the fusion of vomer, pterygoid, parasphenoid, palatine, ectopterygoid." [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "palate" RELATED [ZFA:0005509]
xref: AAO:0010535
xref: TAO:0002093
xref: ZFA:0005509
is_a: UBERON:0007375  ! roof of mouth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is the upper roof of the mouth that is underlain by bones such as the parasphenoid, vomer, metapterygoid, orbitosphenoid.[TAO]" xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "Roof of the mouth lined with ciliated epithelium.[AAO]" xsd:string
property_value: homology_notes "Early tetrapod possessed a primary palate that included the vomer, pterygoid, parasphenoid, palatine and ectopterygoid bones. Therapsid evolved a partial secondary palate formed by the medial extension of the premaxilla and maxilla. Mammals have a secondary palate that, in addition to extensions of the premaxilla and maxilla, includes part of the palatine bone[VHOG]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012317
name: vagina orifice
namespace: uberon
def: "The vaginal orifice is a median slit below and behind the opening of the urethra; its size varies inversely with that of the hymen." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_orifice]
synonym: "introitus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:19984]
synonym: "introitus of vagina" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
synonym: "orifice of vagina" EXACT [FMA:19984]
synonym: "ostium vaginae" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "vaginal introitus" RELATED []
synonym: "vaginal opening" EXACT []
synonym: "vaginal orifice" EXACT [FMA:19984]
xref: FMA:19984
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
intersection_of: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012318
name: anterior ethmoidal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The anterior ethmoidal artery, also anterior ethmoid artery is an artery of the head. Once branching from the ophthalmic artery, it accompanies the nasociliary nerve through the anterior ethmoidal canal to supply the anterior and middle ethmoidal cells, frontal sinus, and anterosuperior aspect of the lateral nasal wall[WP]" [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "a. ethmoidalis anterior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "anterior ethmoid artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "anterior meningeal arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "anterior meningeal artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "arteria ethmoidalis anterior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery]
xref: FMA:49986
xref: SCTID:312160004
is_a: UBERON:0005193  ! ethmoidal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012319
name: posterior ethmoidal artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The posterior ethmoidal artery is an artery of the head. It is smaller than the anterior ethmoidal artery, branches off from the ophthalmic artery when it reaches the medial wall of the orbit." [Wikipedia:Posterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "a. ethmoidalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "arteria ethmoidalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_ethmoidal_artery]
synonym: "posterior ethmoidal vessel" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_ethmoidal_artery]
xref: FMA:49989
xref: SCTID:312161000
is_a: UBERON:0005193  ! ethmoidal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012320
name: cervical artery
namespace: uberon
def: "An artery of the neck" [UBERON:cjm]
xref: UMLS:C1707349
xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0003502  ! neck blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012321
name: deep cervical artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The deep cervical artery (Profunda cervicalis) is an artery of the neck." [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_artery]
synonym: "profunda cervicalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_artery]
xref: FMA:10659
xref: SCTID:244223002
is_a: UBERON:0012320  ! cervical artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0004688 ! costo-cervical trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012322
name: ascending cervical artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The ascending cervical artery is a small branch which arises from the inferior thyroid artery as that vessel is passing behind the carotid sheath; it runs up on the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrC& in the interval between the Scalenus anterior and Longus capitis. To the muscles of the neck it gives twigs which anastomose with branches of the vertebral, and it sends one or two spinal branches into the vertebral canal through the intervertebral foramina to be distributed to the medulla spinalis and its membranes, and to the bodies of the vertebrC&, in the same manner as the spinal branches from the vertebral. It anastomoses with the ascending pharyngeal and occipital arteries." [Wikipedia:Ascending_cervical_artery]
synonym: "ascending cervical" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ascending_cervical_artery]
xref: FMA:52489
xref: SCTID:161846001
is_a: UBERON:0004573  ! systemic artery
is_a: UBERON:0012320  ! cervical artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0007149 ! inferior thyroid artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007149 ! inferior thyroid artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012324
name: transverse cervical artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The transverse cervical artery (transverse artery of neck, transversa colli artery) is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk, running at a higher level than the suprascapular artery." [Wikipedia:Transverse_cervical_artery]
comment: AO notes: Unclear if MA class belongs here or in parent
synonym: "cervical artery" RELATED [MA:0001936, Wikipedia:Transverse_cervical_artery]
synonym: "cervical transverse artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_cervical_artery]
synonym: "descending branch of the transverse cervical" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_cervical_artery]
synonym: "transversalis artery colli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_cervical_artery]
synonym: "transversalis colli artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_cervical_artery]
synonym: "transverse cervical" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_cervical_artery]
synonym: "transverse cervical vessels" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_cervical_artery]
xref: FMA:10664
xref: MA:0001936
xref: SCTID:244224008
is_a: UBERON:0012320  ! cervical artery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012325
name: retrocerebral complex
namespace: uberon
def: "Corpora allata with Corpora cardiaca form the retrocerebral complex, a neurosecretory organ." [BTO:0001803]
xref: BTO:0001803
xref: FBbt:00001718
is_a: UBERON:0002368  ! endocrine gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012326
name: gubernacular bulb
namespace: uberon
comment: Hrabovszky et al propose the bulb is the growing end of the elongating gubernaculum, analogous to the growth of a limb bud[PMID:11997885]
synonym: "pars infravaginalis gubernaculi" NARROW [PMID:11997885]
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008843 ! gubernaculum testis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012327
name: pearly penile papule
namespace: uberon
def: "small saliences on the ridge of the glans of the male genital organs." [Wikipedia:Hirsuties_coronae_glandis]
synonym: "hirsuties coronae glandis" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Hirsuties_coronae_glandis]
synonym: "hirsutoid papilloma" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hirsuties_coronae_glandis]
synonym: "preputial gland of penis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:19653]
xref: FMA:19653
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012328
name: penile spine
namespace: uberon
def: "Keratinized structures along the glans and/or shaft of their penis that may be involved in sexual selection." [Wikipedia:Penile_spines]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012329
name: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium, the cells of which synthesize and accumulate keratin." [FMA:45568, Wikipedia:Stratified_squamous_epithelium#Keratinized]
synonym: "epithelium stratificatum squamosum cornificatum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:45568]
xref: FMA:45568
is_a: UBERON:0006915  ! stratified squamous epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012330
name: nasal-associated lymphoid tissue
namespace: uberon
synonym: "NALT" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mucosa-associated_lymphoid_tissue#Categorisation]
synonym: "naso-pharyngeal lymphoid tissue" EXACT [FMA:79771]
xref: FMA:79771
xref: UMLS:C2698431
xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal-Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0001962  ! gut-associated lymphoid tissue
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005022 ! mucosa of nasopharynx
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx
intersection_of: UBERON:0001961  ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012331
name: mesosalpinx
namespace: uberon
def: "The mesosalpinx is part of the lining of the abdominal cavity in higher vertebrates, specifically the portion of the broad ligament that stretches from the uterine tube to the level of the ovary." [Wikipedia:Mesosalpinx]
xref: FMA:19808
xref: SCTID:279900000
is_a: UBERON:0002095  ! mesentery
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012332 ! broad ligament of uterus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012332
name: broad ligament of uterus
namespace: uberon
def: "A broad fold of peritoneum that extends from the side of the uterus to the wall of the pelvis[MESH]." [MESH:A02.513.170, Wikipedia:Broad_ligament_of_the_uterus]
synonym: "broad ligament" RELATED [MESH:A02.513.170]
synonym: "broad uterine ligament" EXACT [FMA:16516]
xref: FMA:16516
xref: MESH:A02.513.170
xref: SCTID:362723009
xref: UMLS:C0006205
xref: ncithesaurus:Broad_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0000211  ! ligament
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012333
name: ovarian bursa
namespace: uberon
def: "a pouch formed by the mesosalpinx and the mesovarium that encloses the infundibulum of the uterine tube and the ovary" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ovarian]
comment: Ovaries of some animals are surrounded by a thin membranous sac, the bursa, and are isolated from the peritoneal cavity. The bursa is continuous with the orifice of the oviduct. The bursa is not continuous in other mammals (eg., farm animals and human beings); ovaries of these species can be exposed within the abdomen, and thus ectopic pregnancy is possible[http://www.uwyo.edu/wjm/repro/femanat.htm]
xref: SCTID:250080006
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012336
name: perianal skin
namespace: uberon
synonym: "skin of perianal area" EXACT []
xref: FMA:29350
xref: SCTID:181522009
is_a: UBERON:0003836  ! abdominal segment skin
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012337
name: cauda equina
namespace: uberon
def: "The cauda equina is a structure within the lower end of the spinal column of most vertebrates, that consists of nerve roots and rootlets from above. The space in which the cerebrospinal fluid is present is actually an extension of the subarachnoid space. In humans, because the spinal cord stops growing in infancy while the bones of the spine continue growing, the spinal cord in adults ends at about the level of the vertebra L1/L2, and at birth at L3. However there is some variation in adults and the cord may end anywhere between vertebrae T12 to L3. Individual spinal nerve roots arise from the spinal cord as they do closer to the head, but as the differential growth occurs the top end of the nerve stays attached to the spinal cord and the lower end of the nerve exits the spinal column at its proper level, this results in a \"bundle\"-like structure of nerve fibres that extends caudally from the end of the spinal cord, gradually declining in number further down as individual pairs leave the spinal column. At the base of the Cauda Equina, there are approximately 10 fiber pairs, 3-5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and the single coccygeal nerve." [Wikipedia:Cauda_equina]
synonym: "filum terminale" RELATED [MESH:A08.800.800.720.725.150]
xref: FMA:52590
xref: MESH:A08.800.800.720.725.150
xref: SCTID:263377004
xref: UMLS:C0007458
xref: ncithesaurus:Cauda_Equina
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005162  ! multi cell component structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012344
name: holocrine gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A gland whose discharged secretion contains entire secreting cells." [BTO:0002325, Wikipedia:Holocrine, Wikipedia:Holocrine_glands]
xref: BTO:0002325
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012348
name: autopod pad
namespace: uberon
def: "thin, pigmented, keratinised, hairless epidermis covering subcutaneous, collagenous, and adipose tissue." [UBERON:cjm, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paw#Common_characteristics]
synonym: "paw pad" RELATED []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Paw_and_pads.jpg/250px-Paw_and_pads.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0001419  ! skin of limb
relationship: has_part UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: has_part UBERON:0002190 ! subcutaneous adipose tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012349
name: digital pad
namespace: uberon
def: "A thick spongy structure at the base of the paw, centred over the flexor surfaces of the distal interphalangeal joints." [MURDOCH:611]
comment: May be fused
synonym: "acropodial pad" EXACT []
synonym: "acropodium pad" EXACT []
synonym: "digital cushion" RELATED []
synonym: "digital pads" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "interdigital pad" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0012348  ! autopod pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012354 ! acropodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0012348  ! autopod pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0012354 ! acropodium region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012350
name: carpal pad
namespace: uberon
def: "An autopod pad found in the carpal region of a paw. Used for additional traction when stopping or descending a slope in digitigrade species." [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0001518  ! skin of wrist
is_a: UBERON:0013622  ! manual autopod pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region
intersection_of: UBERON:0012348  ! autopod pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012351
name: urachal lumen
namespace: uberon
synonym: "urachus lumen" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0002068 ! urachus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0002068 ! urachus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012352
name: mesangial matrix
namespace: uberon
def: "Extracellular matrix secreted by intraglomerular mesangial cells" [MP:0011338]
synonym: "extracellular mesangial matrix" EXACT [MP:0011338]
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002319 ! mesangium
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002320 ! glomerular mesangium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012353
name: fin skeleton
namespace: uberon
def: "Skeletal subdivision consisting of all the skeletal elements in a single fin." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "skeleton of fin" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004288 ! skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008897 ! fin
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0008897 ! fin
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0008897 ! fin

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012354
name: acropodium region
namespace: uberon
def: "The segment of the autopod that consists of the digits." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Note this class refers to an entire limb segment, not just the bones
synonym: "acropodial limb segment" EXACT []
synonym: "acropodial region" EXACT []
synonym: "acropodial segment of autopod" EXACT []
synonym: "set of digits" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0012139  ! segment of autopod
relationship: distal_to UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012140 ! digitopodium region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012355
name: manual acropodium region
namespace: uberon
def: "The segment of the manus that consists of the manual digits." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Note this class refers to an entire limb segment, not just the bones
synonym: "acropodial hindlimb segment" EXACT []
synonym: "acropodial region of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "acropodial segment of manus" EXACT []
synonym: "all fingers" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior acropodium" RELATED []
synonym: "anterior acropodium region" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior acropodium segment of limb" EXACT []
synonym: "digiti manus" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "digits of hand" EXACT [FMA:75592]
synonym: "fingers including thumb" EXACT [FMA:75592]
synonym: "fingers set" EXACT [FMA:75592]
synonym: "manual acropodium" RELATED []
synonym: "manual acropodium region" EXACT []
synonym: "manual acropodium segment of limb" EXACT []
synonym: "set of digits of hand" EXACT [FMA:75592]
synonym: "set of fingers" EXACT [FMA:75592]
xref: FMA:75592
is_a: UBERON:0005451  ! segment of manus
is_a: UBERON:0012354  ! acropodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012141 ! manual digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0012354  ! acropodium region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012356
name: pedal acropodium region
namespace: uberon
def: "The segment of the pes that consists of the pedal digits." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Note this class refers to an entire limb segment, not just the bones
synonym: "acropodial forelimb segment" EXACT []
synonym: "acropodial region of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "acropodial segment of pes" EXACT []
synonym: "all toes" EXACT []
synonym: "digits of foot" EXACT [FMA:70664]
synonym: "pedal acropodium region" EXACT []
synonym: "set of toes" EXACT [FMA:70664]
synonym: "toes set" EXACT [FMA:70664]
xref: FMA:70664
xref: SCTID:362835004
is_a: UBERON:0005445  ! segment of pes
is_a: UBERON:0012354  ! acropodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012142 ! pedal digitopodium region
intersection_of: UBERON:0012354  ! acropodium region
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012357
name: digitopodium bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a the digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the acropodial skeleton or the metapodial skeleton." [UBERON:cjm]
is_a: UBERON:0011250  ! autopod bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012140 ! digitopodium region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012150 ! skeleton of digitopodium
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0012140 ! digitopodium region
property_value: implements_design_pattern reference:0000015

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012358
name: manual digitopodium bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a the manual digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the fingers or the metacarpal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "bone of forelimb digitopodium" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of hand proper" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:265809008
is_a: UBERON:0005897  ! manus bone
is_a: UBERON:0012357  ! digitopodium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012151 ! skeleton of manual digitopodium
intersection_of: UBERON:0012357  ! digitopodium bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
property_value: implements_design_pattern reference:0000015

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012359
name: pedal digitopodium bone
namespace: uberon
def: "A bone that is part of a the pedal digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the toes or the metatarsal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "bone of foot proper" EXACT []
synonym: "bone of hindlimb digitopodium" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0005899  ! pes bone
is_a: UBERON:0012357  ! digitopodium bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012152 ! skeleton of pedal digitopodium
intersection_of: UBERON:0012357  ! digitopodium bone
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
property_value: implements_design_pattern reference:0000015

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012360
name: bone of jaw
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor notes: Do not manually classify under here - bones are automatically classified
synonym: "jaw bone" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:369003004
is_a: UBERON:0003462  ! facial bone
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011595 ! jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011595 ! jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012361
name: internal anal region
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004588
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012363
name: thyroid follicle epithelium
namespace: uberon
synonym: "epithelium of thyroid follicle" EXACT [FMA:68783]
synonym: "thryoid epithelium" BROAD []
synonym: "thyroid follicle epithelium" EXACT [FMA:68783]
synonym: "wall of thyroid follicle" EXACT [FMA:68783]
xref: FMA:68783
is_a: UBERON:0000484  ! simple cuboidal epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007689 ! thyroid diverticulum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005305 ! thyroid follicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005305 ! thyroid follicle
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012364
name: colloid of thyroid follicle
namespace: uberon
def: "portion of substance contained within the thyroid follicle lumen. Contains prohormone thyroglobulin." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "thyroid colloid" EXACT [FMA:68831]
synonym: "thyroid follicle colloid" EXACT [FMA:68831]
xref: FMA:68831
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: located_in UBERON:0012246 ! thyroid follicular lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005305 ! thyroid follicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012367
name: muscle layer of intestine
namespace: uberon
def: "A muscle layer that is part of an intestine." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "intestinal muscularis propria" EXACT [FMA:15697]
synonym: "muscularis externa of intestine" EXACT [FMA:15697]
synonym: "smooth muscle of intestine" RELATED []
xref: FMA:15697
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012368
name: circular muscle layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "circular smooth muscle" RELATED [BTO:0005213]
synonym: "inner muscularis" RELATED [FMA:62899]
synonym: "inner muscularis layer" RELATED [FMA:62899]
xref: BTO:0005213
xref: FMA:62899
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012369
name: longitudinal muscle layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "longitudinal smooth muscle" RELATED [BTO:0005214]
synonym: "outer muscularis" RELATED [FMA:62900]
synonym: "outer muscularis layer" RELATED [FMA:62900]
xref: BTO:0005214
xref: FMA:62900
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012373
name: sympathetic nerve plexus
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001160
is_a: UBERON:0001816  ! autonomic nerve plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001810  ! nerve plexus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012374
name: subserosal plexus
namespace: uberon
def: "The subserous part of the enteric plexus of autonomic nerves" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/subserous+plexus]
synonym: "subserous nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:77598]
synonym: "subserous plexus" EXACT [FMA:77598]
synonym: "tela subserosa" EXACT []
xref: FMA:77598
xref: SCTID:110699000
is_a: UBERON:0000429  ! enteric plexus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012375 ! subserosa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012375
name: subserosa
namespace: uberon
def: "a layer of tissue between the muscularis and serosa." [Wikipedia:Subserosa]
xref: FMA:45636
xref: SCTID:2255006
xref: UMLS:C0225334
xref: ncithesaurus:Subserosa
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012376
name: retromolar triangle
namespace: uberon
def: "The small area behind the wisdom teeth" [Wikipedia:Retromolar_space, ncithesaurus:Retromolar_Trigone]
comment: Editor notes: requires verification
synonym: "retromolar pad" RELATED []
synonym: "retromolar trigone" RELATED []
xref: CALOHA:TS-2353
xref: FMA:75784
xref: SCTID:245830008
xref: UMLS:C0226920
xref: ncithesaurus:Retromolar_Trigone
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012377
name: muscle layer of jejunum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "muscularis externa of jejunum" EXACT [FMA:14951]
synonym: "smooth muscle of jejunum" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:14951
is_a: UBERON:0011201  ! muscle layer of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012378
name: muscle layer of urinary bladder
namespace: uberon
synonym: "bladder muscular coat" EXACT []
synonym: "muscle layer of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15930]
synonym: "muscular coat of bladder" EXACT [FMA:15930]
synonym: "muscular coat of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15930]
synonym: "muscular layer of bladder" EXACT [FMA:15930]
synonym: "muscular layer of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15930]
synonym: "tunica musculari vesicae" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "tunica muscularis (vesica urinaria)" EXACT [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:15930
xref: UMLS:C1288327
xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Muscular_Coat
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: has_part UBERON:0004228 ! urinary bladder smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001256 ! wall of urinary bladder
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012398
name: large intestine smooth muscle circular layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "circular muscle layer of segment of large intestine" RELATED [FMA:81160]
xref: FMA:81160
xref: MA:0001548
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012368  ! circular muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004220 ! large intestine smooth muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0012368  ! circular muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004220 ! large intestine smooth muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012399
name: large intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "longitudinal muscle layer of zone of large intestine" RELATED [FMA:63637]
xref: FMA:63637
xref: MA:0001549
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012369  ! longitudinal muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004220 ! large intestine smooth muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0012369  ! longitudinal muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004220 ! large intestine smooth muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012401
name: small intestine smooth muscle circular layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "circular layer of small intestine muscularis propria" EXACT [FMA:14935]
synonym: "circular muscle coat of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14935]
synonym: "circular muscle layer of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14935]
synonym: "circular muscle of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14935]
synonym: "short pitch helicoidal muscle layer of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14935]
synonym: "stratum circulare (tunica muscularis)(intestinum tenue)" EXACT [FMA:14935]
synonym: "stratum helicoidale brevis gradus tunicae muscularis intestini tenuis" EXACT [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:14935
xref: MA:0001560
xref: SCTID:54658003
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012368  ! circular muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004239 ! small intestine smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011201 ! muscle layer of small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0012368  ! circular muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004239 ! small intestine smooth muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012402
name: small intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "long pitch helicoidal muscle layer of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14936]
synonym: "longitudinal layer of small intestine muscularis propria" EXACT [FMA:14936]
synonym: "longitudinal muscle coat of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14936]
synonym: "longitudinal muscle layer of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14936]
synonym: "longitudinal muscle of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14936]
synonym: "stratum helicoidale longi gradus tunicae muscularis intestini tenuis" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "stratum longitudinale (tunica muscularis) (intestinum tenue)" EXACT [FMA:14936]
xref: FMA:14936
xref: MA:0001561
xref: SCTID:59150006
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012369  ! longitudinal muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004239 ! small intestine smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011201 ! muscle layer of small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0012369  ! longitudinal muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004239 ! small intestine smooth muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012416
name: respiratory system arterial smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001802
is_a: UBERON:0004297  ! respiratory system blood vessel smooth muscle
is_a: UBERON:0004695  ! arterial system smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003643 ! respiratory system arterial blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003643 ! respiratory system arterial blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012418
name: respiratory system venous smooth muscle
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001812
is_a: UBERON:0004696  ! venous system smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003476 ! respiratory system venous blood vessel
intersection_of: UBERON:0001135  ! smooth muscle tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003476 ! respiratory system venous blood vessel

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012419
name: taenia coli
namespace: uberon
def: "The taeniae coli (also teniae coli) are three separate longitudinal ribbons of smooth muscle on the outside of the ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colons. They are visible, and can be seen just below the serosa or fibrosa. They are the Mesocolic, Free and Omental Coli. The teniae coli contracts length wise to produce the haustra, the bulges in the colon. The bands converge at the root of the vermiform appendix and the rectum. These bands correspond to the outer layer of the muscularis externa, in other portions of the digestive tract." [Wikipedia:Taenia_coli]
synonym: "longitudinal band of large intestine muscularis" EXACT [FMA:15041]
synonym: "longitudinal bands" RELATED [Wikipedia:Taenia_coli]
synonym: "taeniae coli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Taenia_coli]
synonym: "tenia coli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Taenia_coli]
synonym: "teniae coli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Taenia_coli]
xref: FMA:15041
xref: SCTID:362160001
is_a: UBERON:0004220  ! large intestine smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011198 ! muscle layer of large intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012420
name: coprodeum
namespace: uberon
def: "Most proximal cloacal compartment, into which the large intestine empties[Kardong]" [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "cloacal coprodeum" EXACT []
synonym: "coprodaeum" EXACT []
synonym: "coprodeal portion of cloaca" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
relationship: proximal_part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
property_value: has_relational_adjective "coprodeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012421
name: urodeum
namespace: uberon
def: "Cloacal compartment into which the urogenital system empties[Kardong]" [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Taxon notes: This is where the urates collect. In the hen the oviduct opens into this compartment.[http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm]
synonym: "cloacal urodeum" EXACT []
synonym: "urodaeum" EXACT []
synonym: "urodeal portion of cloaca" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:81191004
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
property_value: has_relational_adjective "urodeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012422
name: secretion of crop
namespace: uberon
def: "Nutritional fluid secreted by the crop in some species[Kardong]" [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "crop milk" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
is_a: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0007356 ! crop
intersection_of: UBERON:0000463  ! portion of organism substance
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0007356 ! crop

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012423
name: layer of microvilli
namespace: uberon
def: "A layer of microvilli, Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments[GO,modified]" [GO:0005902, Wikipedia:Microvillus]
comment: AO notes: FMA class represents an individual microvillus.
synonym: "microvilli" RELATED [MESH:A11.284.180.565]
synonym: "microvillus" RELATED [FMA:67296]
xref: FMA:67296
xref: MESH:A11.284.180.565
xref: UMLS:C0026049
xref: ncithesaurus:Microvillus
is_a: UBERON:0005162  ! multi cell component structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012424
name: brush border layer
namespace: uberon
def: "the microvilli-covered surface of simple cuboidal epithelium and simple columnar epithelium cells found in certain locations of the body. Found in small intestine and kidney" [Wikipedia:Brush_border]
comment: AO notes: FMA class represents an individual microvillus
synonym: "brush border" RELATED [FMA:70977]
synonym: "brush border membrane" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brush_border]
xref: FMA:70977
is_a: UBERON:0012423  ! layer of microvilli
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012425
name: striated border microvillus layer
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: FMA class represents an individual microvillus
synonym: "striated border" RELATED [FMA:70978]
xref: FMA:70978
is_a: UBERON:0012423  ! layer of microvilli

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012426
name: short microvillus layer
namespace: uberon
comment: AO notes: FMA class represents an individual microvillus
synonym: "short microvillus" RELATED [FMA:70979]
xref: FMA:70979
is_a: UBERON:0012423  ! layer of microvilli

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012427
name: intestinal brush border
namespace: uberon
synonym: "brush border microvillus later of intestine" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0012424  ! brush border layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0012424  ! brush border layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012428
name: proximal convoluted tubule brush border
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
is_a: UBERON:0012424  ! brush border layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule
intersection_of: UBERON:0012424  ! brush border layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012429
name: hemopoietic tissue
namespace: uberon
def: "Blood-forming tissue, consisting of reticular fibers and cells. Also known as hemopoietic tissue" [http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/hematopoietic+tissue]
comment: Bone marrow in humans, kidney interstitium in Danio, within a stroma of reticuloendothelial tissue
synonym: "haemopoietic tissue" EXACT [FMA:14073]
synonym: "hematopoietic tissue" EXACT [FMA:14073]
synonym: "textus haemopoieticus" EXACT [FMA:14073]
xref: CALOHA:TS-2142
xref: FMA:14073
xref: UMLS:C0229619
xref: ncithesaurus:Hematopoietic_Tissue
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012430
name: tunica fibrosa of eyeball
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fibrous layer of eyeball" EXACT [FMA:58102]
synonym: "tunica fibrosa" BROAD []
xref: FMA:58102
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010230 ! eyeball of camera-type eye
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012437
name: epithelial-mesenchymal boundary
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0006677  ! surface of epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium
intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012438
name: blastema of regenerating fin/limb
namespace: uberon
xref: ZFA:0001270
is_a: UBERON:0005306  ! blastema
relationship: part_of UBERON:2001269 ! regenerating fin/limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0005306  ! blastema
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:2001269 ! regenerating fin/limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012439
name: blastema of regenerating digit tip
namespace: uberon
synonym: "digit blastema" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0005306  ! blastema
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit
intersection_of: UBERON:0005306  ! blastema
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012441
name: endothelium of peritubular capillary
namespace: uberon
synonym: "peritubular capillary endothelium" EXACT []
synonym: "peritubular endothelium" BROAD []
is_a: UBERON:0001915  ! endothelium of capillary
is_a: UBERON:0004819  ! kidney epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005272 ! peritubular capillary
intersection_of: UBERON:0001986  ! endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005272 ! peritubular capillary

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012442
name: epiploic foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "In human anatomy, the omental foramen, is the passage of communication, or foramen, between the general cavity (of the abdomen), and the omental bursa." [Wikipedia:Omental_foramen]
synonym: "aditus to lesser sac" EXACT [FMA:14711]
synonym: "bristle in epiploic foramen" RELATED [Wikipedia:Omental_foramen]
synonym: "epiploic foramen" RELATED [Wikipedia:Omental_foramen]
synonym: "epiploic foramen of Winslow" RELATED [Wikipedia:Omental_foramen]
synonym: "foramen epiploicum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Omental_foramen]
synonym: "foramen of Winslow" EXACT [FMA:14711]
synonym: "foramen of winslow" RELATED [Wikipedia:Omental_foramen]
synonym: "foramen omentale" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "foramen omentale (epiploicum)" EXACT [FMA:14711]
synonym: "omental foramen" EXACT [FMA:14711]
xref: EHDAA2:0000447
xref: FMA:14711
xref: SCTID:264473006
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012443
name: row of scales
namespace: uberon
synonym: "set of scales" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002542 ! scale

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012444
name: gastropege
namespace: uberon
def: "a single row of large ventral scales in snakes that aid locomotion." [http://en.wikivet.net]
synonym: "row of ventral scales" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0012443  ! row of scales

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012446
name: cloacal spur
namespace: uberon
def: "retained pelvic vestiges found in birds. They are generally used in courtship and are more pronounced in males than females." [http://en.wikivet.net]
is_a: UBERON:0005160  ! vestigial structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012447
name: podotheca
namespace: uberon
def: "A horny sheath covering the lower leg of some birds." []
is_a: UBERON:0003102  ! surface structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0007381 ! epidermal scale
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012448
name: corpuscles of herbst
namespace: uberon
def: "The Corpuscles of Herbst or Herbst corpuscles are a nerve-ending similar to the Pacinian corpuscle, in the mucous membrane of the tongue, in pits on the beak and in other parts of the bodies of birds. It differs from the Pacinian corpuscle in being smaller, in its capsules being more closely approximated, and in that the axis-cylinder in the central clear space is coated with a continuous row of nuclei. In many wading birds, a large number of Herbst corpuscles are found embedded in pits on the mandibles that are believed to enable birds to sense prey under wet sand or soil." [Wikipedia:Corpuscles_of_Herbst]
synonym: "corpuscles of herbst" RELATED [Wikipedia:Corpuscles_of_Herbst]
synonym: "herbst corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Corpuscles_of_Herbst]
is_a: UBERON:0012449  ! mechanoreceptor

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012449
name: mechanoreceptor
namespace: uberon
def: "a sensory receptor that responds to mechanical pressure or distortion. Normally there are four main types in glabrous skin: Pacinian corpuscles, Meissner's corpuscles, Merkel's discs, and Ruffini endings. There are also mechanoreceptors in hairy skin, and the hair cells in the cochlea are the most sensitive mechanoreceptors, transducing air pressure waves into nerve signals sent to the brain. In the periodontal ligament, there are some mechanoreceptors, which allow the jaw to relax when biting down on hard objects; the mesencephalic nucleus is responsible for this reflex." [Wikipedia:Mechanoreceptor]
synonym: "contact receptor" RELATED [FMA:85595]
xref: FMA:85595
xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700.500
is_a: UBERON:0012451  ! sensory receptor

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012450
name: Meisner's corpuscle
namespace: uberon
def: "Meissner's corpuscles (or tactile corpuscles) are a type of mechanoreceptor. They are a type of nerve ending in the skin that is responsible for sensitivity to light touch. In particular, they have highest sensitivity (lowest threshold) when sensing vibrations lower than 50 Hertz. They are rapidly adaptive receptors." [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle]
synonym: "meisner%27s corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle]
synonym: "meissner corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle]
synonym: "meissner corpuscle end-organ" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle]
synonym: "meissner%27s corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle]
synonym: "meissner%27s corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle]
synonym: "messier corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle]
synonym: "messner%27s corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle]
synonym: "tactile corpuscles of wagner and meissner" RELATED [Wikipedia:Meissner%27s_corpuscle]
xref: FMA:83605
xref: SCTID:41421000
xref: UMLS:C0205831
xref: ncithesaurus:Meissner_Corpuscle
is_a: UBERON:0012449  ! mechanoreceptor
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012451
name: sensory receptor
namespace: uberon
def: "a sensory nerve ending that responds to a stimulus in the internal or external environment of an organism. In response to stimuli the sensory receptor initiates sensory transduction by creating graded potentials or action potentials in the same cell or in an adjacent one.." [Wikipedia:Sensory_receptor]
synonym: "peripheral ending of sensory neuron" EXACT [FMA:84650]
synonym: "sensory nerve ending" RELATED [MESH:A08.800.550.700]
xref: FMA:84650
xref: MESH:A08.800.550.700
xref: SCTID:70402007
xref: UMLS:C0682664
xref: ncithesaurus:Somatosensory_Receptor
is_a: UBERON:0012453  ! nerve ending

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012453
name: nerve ending
namespace: uberon
def: "Specialized terminations of peripheral neurons. Nerve endings include NEUROEFFECTOR JUNCTION(s) by which neurons activate target organs and sensory receptors (see RECEPTORS, SENSORY) which transduce information from the various sensory modalities and send it centrally in the nervous system. Presynaptic nerve endings are PRESYNAPTIC TERMINALS." [MESH:A08.800.550]
comment: This class and subclasses may be ceded to GO
synonym: "nerve ending" RELATED [MESH:A08.800.550]
xref: MESH:A08.800.550
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001027 ! sensory nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012456
name: Merkel nerve ending
namespace: uberon
def: "mechanoreceptors found in the skin and mucosa of vertebrates that provide touch information to the brain. The information they provide are those regarding pressure and texture. Each ending consists of a Merkel cell in close apposition with an enlarged nerve terminal" [Wikipedia:Merkel_nerve_ending]
comment: Location: In mammals, Merkel nerve endings have a wide distribution. Merkel nerve endings are found in the basal layer of glabrous and hairy skin, in hair follicles, and in oral and anal mucosa. In humans, Merkel cells (along with Meissner's corpuscles) occur in the superficial skin layers, and are found clustered beneath the ridges of the fingertips that make up fingerprints. In hairy skin, Merkel nerve endings are clustered into specialized epithelial structures called \"touch domes\" or \"hair disks\". (Some other types of mechanoreceptors, such as Pacinian corpuscles and Ruffini endings, are found primarily in subcutaneous tissue.) Merkel receptors are also located in the mammary glands. Wherever they are found, the epithelium is arranged to optimize the transfer of pressure to the ending.[WP]
synonym: "Merkel's disc" EXACT [FMA:83606]
synonym: "Merkel's disk" EXACT []
synonym: "Merkel's tactile disc" EXACT []
xref: FMA:83606
xref: NIF_Subcellular:FMA_83606
xref: SCTID:9317004
is_a: UBERON:0012449  ! mechanoreceptor
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012457
name: Ruffini nerve ending
namespace: uberon
def: "The Ruffini ending or Ruffini corpuscle is a class of slowly adapting mechanoreceptor which in humans is thought to exist only in the glabrous dermis and subcutaneous tissue[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bulbous_corpuscle]
comment: AO notes: MP says subcutaneous tissue of digits; NCITA says hypodermis
synonym: "Ruffini's corpuscle" EXACT [MP:0000989]
synonym: "bulbous corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "corpuscle of ruffini" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "corpusculum sensorium fusiforme" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "ruffini corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "ruffini corpuscle end-organ" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "ruffini corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "ruffini endings" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "ruffini%27s corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "ruffini%27s end organ" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "ruffini%27s ending" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
synonym: "ruffini%27s organs" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ruffini_ending]
xref: FMA:83602
xref: FMA:84004
xref: SCTID:53140000
xref: UMLS:C0035943
xref: ncithesaurus:Ruffinis_Corpuscle
is_a: UBERON:0012449  ! mechanoreceptor
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012462
name: proctodeum portion of cloaca
namespace: uberon
def: "Most distal cloacal compartment; function is copulation and in some species develops a penis[Kardong]" [ISBN10:0073040584]
comment: Taxon notes: For most birds this is where the phallus is located, but male parrots do not have a phallus. The Bursa of Fabricus is located here.[http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm]
synonym: "proctodeal wall of cloaca" RELATED []
synonym: "proctodeum" RELATED INCONSISTENT []
xref: SCTID:298233001
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: distal_part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
property_value: has_relational_adjective "proctodeal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012463
name: cloacal lumen
namespace: uberon
comment: the ZFA class belongs here as it is an anatomical space
synonym: "cloacal chamber" EXACT [ZFA:0000330]
xref: TAO:0000330
xref: ZFA:0000330
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012465 ! lumen of terminal part of digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012464
name: cloacal vent
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cloacal opening" EXACT []
synonym: "cloacal orifice" RELATED []
synonym: "vent" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
intersection_of: UBERON:0000161  ! orifice
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012465
name: lumen of terminal part of digestive tract
namespace: uberon
comment: includes the cloacal lumen, in species where this is present
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0006866 ! terminal part of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006866 ! terminal part of digestive tract
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0006866 ! terminal part of digestive tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012466
name: extraembryonic cavities
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0000472
xref: EMAPA:16054
xref: VHOG:0000767
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012467
name: enclosed anatomical space
namespace: uberon
def: "An anatomical space with no opening to another space or to the exterior." [AEO:0000222]
synonym: "closed anatomical space" EXACT []
xref: AEO:0000222
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012469
name: external anal region
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004589
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012471
name: hepatogastric ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "Ligament extending between the liver and stomach" [Wikipedia:Hepatogastric_ligament]
synonym: "gastro-hepatic ligament" EXACT []
synonym: "gastrohepatic ligament" EXACT [FMA:16520]
synonym: "hepato-gastric ligament" EXACT []
synonym: "ligamentum hepatogastricum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Hepatogastric_ligament]
xref: FMA:16520
xref: SCTID:260825001
xref: UMLS:C0230232
xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatogastric_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
relationship: connects UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: connects UBERON:0002107 ! liver
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005602 ! dorsal mesogastrium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002399 ! lesser omentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012472
name: hepatoduodenal ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The hepatoduodenal ligament is the portion of the lesser omentum extending between the porta hepatis of the liver and the superior part of the duodenum." [Wikipedia:Hepatoduodenal_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum hepatoduodenale" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hepatoduodenal_ligament]
xref: FMA:16521
xref: SCTID:362706000
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
relationship: connects UBERON:0002107 ! liver
relationship: connects UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002399 ! lesser omentum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012473
name: oral cirrus
namespace: uberon
def: "Small tentacle-like structure surrounding the mouth; they act as sensory devices and as a filter for the water passing into the body" [Wikipedia:Lancelet#Physical_features]
synonym: "buccal cilia" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "buccal cillium" RELATED []
synonym: "buccal cirri" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "buccal cirrus" EXACT []
synonym: "buccal tentacle" EXACT []
synonym: "oral cilia" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "oral cillium" RELATED []
synonym: "oral cirri" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "oral tentacle" EXACT []
xref: BTO:0001357
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000165 ! mouth
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7737

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012474
name: hepatic cecum
namespace: uberon
def: "A ventral evagination extending anteriorly in the mid-portion of the intestine in Amphioxi." [BTO:0002855]
comment: Homology notes: may be analagous to liver, Romer says not homologous
synonym: "hepatic caecum" EXACT [BTO:0002855]
xref: BTO:0002855
is_a: UBERON:0009854  ! digestive tract diverticulum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7737

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012475
name: skeleton of pectoral complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a pectoral complex - i.e. the combination of free limb or fin plus pectoral girdle." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "bones of upper limb" RELATED [FMA:24139]
synonym: "ossa membri superioris" RELATED [FMA:TA]
synonym: "pectoral complex skeleton" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "set of bones of upper limb" RELATED [FMA:24139]
synonym: "skeleton of anterior limb/fin and girdle" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "upper limb skeleton" RELATED [FMA:24139]
xref: FMA:24139
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012476
name: skeleton of pelvic complex
namespace: uberon
def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic complex - i.e. the combination of free limb or fin plus pelvic girdle." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "bones of lower limb" RELATED [FMA:24140]
synonym: "lower limb skeleton" RELATED [FMA:24140]
synonym: "ossa membri inferioris" RELATED [FMA:TA]
synonym: "pelvic complex skeleton" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "set of bones of lower limb" RELATED [FMA:24140]
synonym: "skeleton of posterior limb/fin and girdle" RELATED [UBERON:cjm]
xref: FMA:24140
is_a: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! appendicular skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex
intersection_of: UBERON:0010912  ! subdivision of skeleton
intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012477
name: dorsal part of neck
namespace: uberon
def: "The back of the neck." [BTO:0000957]
synonym: "back of neck" EXACT [FMA:24189]
synonym: "nape" BROAD [BTO:0000957]
synonym: "nape of neck" EXACT []
synonym: "neck back" EXACT [FMA:24189]
synonym: "nucha" EXACT [FMA:24189]
synonym: "nuchal region" EXACT [FMA:24189]
synonym: "posterior cervical region" EXACT [FMA:24189]
synonym: "posterior neck region" EXACT [FMA:24189]
synonym: "posterior part of neck" EXACT [FMA:24189]
synonym: "regio cervicalis posterior" EXACT [FMA:TA]
xref: BTO:0000957
xref: FMA:24189
xref: SCTID:182326009
xref: SCTID:304036007
is_a: UBERON:0005434  ! cervical region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum
property_value: has_relational_adjective "nuchal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012478
name: cloacal gland
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012479
name: urodeal gland
namespace: uberon
synonym: "urodaeal gland" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0012478  ! cloacal gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012421 ! urodeum
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0012421 ! urodeum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012480
name: cloacal mucosa
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0003349
def: "A mucosa that is part of a cloaca [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cloaca mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "cloaca mucosa of organ" EXACT []
synonym: "cloaca mucous membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "cloaca organ mucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "cloacal mucous membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "mucosa of cloaca" EXACT []
synonym: "mucosa of organ of cloaca" EXACT []
synonym: "mucous membrane of cloaca" EXACT []
synonym: "organ mucosa of cloaca" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012481
name: cloacal epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is part of a cloaca." []
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012482
name: submucosa of cloaca
namespace: uberon
def: "A submucosa that is part of a cloaca [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cloaca submucosa" EXACT []
synonym: "cloacal submucosa" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
intersection_of: UBERON:0000009  ! submucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012483
name: serosa of cloaca
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous membrane that is part of a cloaca [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "cloaca serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "cloaca serous membrane" EXACT []
synonym: "cloacal serosa" EXACT []
synonym: "serous membrane of cloaca" EXACT []
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of cloaca" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012485
name: cloacal villus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cloacal villi" EXACT PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012486
name: muscle layer of cloaca
namespace: uberon
synonym: "muscularis externa of cloaca" EXACT []
synonym: "smooth muscle of cloaca" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012487
name: vaginal sphincter
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sphincter of vagina" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
intersection_of: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8509

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012488
name: muscle layer of duodenum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "duodenal muscularis propria" EXACT [FMA:14944]
synonym: "muscularis externa of duodenum" EXACT [FMA:14944]
xref: FMA:14944
xref: SCTID:362147007
is_a: UBERON:0011201  ! muscle layer of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012489
name: muscle layer of colon
namespace: uberon
synonym: "colonic muscularis propria" EXACT [FMA:14986]
synonym: "muscular coat of colon" EXACT [FMA:14986]
synonym: "muscular layer of colon" EXACT [FMA:14986]
synonym: "muscularis externa of colon" EXACT [FMA:14986]
synonym: "tunica muscularis coli" EXACT [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:14986
xref: SCTID:362158003
is_a: UBERON:0011198  ! muscle layer of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012490
name: muscle layer of anal canal
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anal canal muscularis propria" EXACT []
synonym: "muscular coat of anal canal" EXACT []
synonym: "muscular layer of anal canal" EXACT []
synonym: "muscularis externa of anal canal" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15708
xref: SCTID:362171000
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0011198  ! muscle layer of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal
intersection_of: UBERON:0006660  ! muscle layer
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012494
name: muscularis mucosae of duodenum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lamina muscularis of duodenal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:15059]
synonym: "lamina muscularis of duodenum" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:27259
xref: FMA:15059
xref: SCTID:37457002
is_a: UBERON:0001210  ! muscularis mucosae of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000320 ! duodenal mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012497
name: muscularis mucosae of rectum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lamina muscularis of rectal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15687]
synonym: "lamina muscularis of rectal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:15687]
xref: EMAPA:27343
xref: FMA:15687
xref: SCTID:53420003
is_a: UBERON:0001239  ! muscularis mucosae of large intestine
is_a: UBERON:0004231  ! anal region smooth muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003346 ! mucosa of rectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0006676  ! muscularis mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012498
name: serosa of appendix
namespace: uberon
synonym: "appendiceal serosa" EXACT [FMA:14997]
synonym: "appendix serosa" EXACT [FMA:14997]
synonym: "serosa of vermiform appendix" EXACT [FMA:14997]
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of vermiform appendix" EXACT [FMA:14997]
xref: FMA:14997
xref: SCTID:22488003
is_a: UBERON:0003335  ! serosa of colon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012503
name: serosa of fundus of stomach
namespace: uberon
synonym: "visceral peritoneum of fundus of stomach" EXACT [FMA:17073]
xref: EMAPA:27157
xref: EMAPA:27415
xref: FMA:17073
is_a: UBERON:0001201  ! serosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001201 ! serosa of stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0000042  ! serous membrane
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012504
name: adventitia of esophagus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "adventitia of oesophagus" EXACT [FMA:63006]
synonym: "adventitious layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:63006]
synonym: "esophageal adventitia" EXACT [FMA:63006, SCTID:85950006]
synonym: "esophagus adventitia" EXACT [FMA:63006]
synonym: "tunica adventitia (esophagus)" EXACT [FMA:63006]
synonym: "tunica adventitia oesophageae" EXACT [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:63006
xref: SCTID:85950006
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus
intersection_of: UBERON:0005742  ! adventitia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012520
name: forelimb epitrochlearis muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "The superficial-most muscle of the anterior surface of the arm is the epitrochlearis.  It has no homolog in humans." [http://biology.clc.uc.edu]
synonym: "epitrochlearis" EXACT [BTO:0000423]
synonym: "wing epitrochlearis muscle" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782, OBOL:automatic]
xref: BTO:0000423
is_a: UBERON:0003662  ! forelimb muscle
property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012649
name: anococcygeus muscle
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a pair of thin sheets of smooth muscle inserting on the rectum, having a tendinous origin largely on sacral vertebrae." [PMID:9071980]
synonym: "AcM" RELATED ABBREVIATION [PMID:9071980]
synonym: "anococcygeus" EXACT [MA:0001533]
xref: BTO:0005150
xref: MA:0001533
is_a: UBERON:0004231  ! anal region smooth muscle
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001052 ! rectum
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012650
name: gastroduodenal junction
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:17046
xref: SCTID:264014000
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
relationship: connects UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: connects UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
intersection_of: UBERON:0007651  ! anatomical junction
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012651
name: mucosa of gastroduodenal junction
namespace: uberon
synonym: "gastroduodenal mucosa" EXACT [BTO:0005415]
xref: BTO:0005415
is_a: UBERON:0001199  ! mucosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012650 ! gastroduodenal junction
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0012650 ! gastroduodenal junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012652
name: colorectum
namespace: uberon
def: "The colon and rectum considered as a unit." [BTO:0001613]
xref: BTO:0001613
xref: CALOHA:TS-1298
xref: UMLS:C1711309
xref: ncithesaurus:Colorectal_Region
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine
property_value: has_relational_adjective "colorectal" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0012925
name: bronchial bud
namespace: uberon
xref: BTO:0001641
is_a: UBERON:0005153  ! epithelial bud
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005597 ! lung primordium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013067
name: colorectal mucosa
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0001207  ! mucosa of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012652 ! colorectum
intersection_of: UBERON:0000344  ! mucosa
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0012652 ! colorectum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013068
name: palatine torus
namespace: uberon
def: "A bony protuberance sometimes found on the hard palate at the junction of the intermaxillary suture and the transverse palatine suture." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryP.html]
synonym: "crista palatina" EXACT [FMA:59201]
synonym: "torus palatinus" EXACT LATIN [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryP.html]
xref: FMA:59201
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013069
name: popliteal area
namespace: uberon
def: "The popliteal fossa is a space or shallow depression located at the back of the knee-joint. The bones of the popliteal fossa are the femur and the tibia. Colloquially, it is referred to as a \"knee pit.\"" [Wikipedia:Popliteal_fossa]
comment: a depression on the ventral side of the femur, between the condyles, presumably related in some fashion to the popliteal nerve and/or artery.[Palaeos]
synonym: "popliteal fossa" EXACT [FMA:22525]
synonym: "popliteal region" RELATED []
synonym: "popliteal space" RELATED []
xref: FMA:22525
xref: SCTID:362791002
xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/popliteal.gif
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005055  ! zone of long bone
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013070
name: prepatagium
namespace: uberon
def: "a roughly triangular flap of skin on the wing of a bird or pterosaur which fills the space bounded by the humerus and ulna." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryPo.html]
is_a: UBERON:0010858  ! inter limb-segment region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013073
name: rattle
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Rattlesnake#Rattle]
comment: The rattle is composed of a series of hollow, interlocked segments made of keratin, which are created by modifying the scales that cover the tip of the tail.
synonym: "snake rattle" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:10734004
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013074
name: cornual sinus
namespace: uberon
xref: SCTID:53994006
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006967 ! horn

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013075
name: venom gland duct
namespace: uberon
synonym: "duct of venom gland" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:38124005
is_a: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011579 ! venom gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0000058  ! duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011579 ! venom gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013078
name: venom-injecting tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "A fang that is used to inject venom into prey, through either a tube or a groove" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "fang" RELATED []
synonym: "grooved fang" RELATED []
synonym: "tubular fang" RELATED []
synonym: "tubular tooth" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013115
name: pterygoideus glandulae muscle
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002376  ! muscle of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013116 ! venom gland musculature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013116
name: venom gland musculature
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0004461  ! musculature of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013118
name: sulcus of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "a depression or fissure in the surface of the brain. It surrounds the gyri, creating the characteristic appearance of the brain in humans and other large mammals." [Wikipedia:Sulcus_(neuroanatomy)]
synonym: "fissure of brain" NARROW [Wikipedia:Sulcus_(neuroanatomy)]
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
intersection_of: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013119
name: haemal node
namespace: uberon
def: "A lymphoid organ found in various mammals and some birds." [Wikipedia:Haemal_nodes]
comment: Hemal nodes are characterized by the presence of large numbers of erythrocytes. Lymph nodes (see below) and hemal nodes share some similarities of structure, but really are fundamentally different organs both qualitatively and quantitatively. Both lymph and hemal nodes contain diffuse lymphatic tissue, and in most cases have nodular tissue in the form of germinal centers, as well. Like the lymph node, the hemal node has a cortex and a medulla, and germinal centers are frequently seen. There's a distinct capsule, and hemal nodes are served at the hilus by an afferent arteriole. [http://www.vetmed.vt.edu/education/curriculum/vm8054/labs/lab13/lab13.htm]
synonym: "hemal node" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004177  ! hemopoietic organ
is_a: UBERON:0005057  ! immune organ
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001637 ! artery
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013120
name: eyelid submuscular connective tissue
namespace: uberon
xref: MA:0001253
is_a: UBERON:0003581  ! eyelid connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013121
name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32888]
synonym: "base of phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32888]
synonym: "basis phalangis (pedis)" EXACT [FMA:32888]
synonym: "basis phalangis pedis" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:32888]
xref: FMA:32888
is_a: UBERON:0004447  ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0011973  ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0004380  ! proximal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013122
name: distal epiphysis of phalanx of pes
namespace: uberon
synonym: "caput phalangis (pedis)" EXACT [FMA:32890]
synonym: "caput phalangis pedis" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "distal end of phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32890]
synonym: "distal epiphysis of phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:32890]
synonym: "head of phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32890]
xref: FMA:32890
xref: SCTID:236801009
is_a: UBERON:0004448  ! distal epiphysis of phalanx
is_a: UBERON:0011973  ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0004379  ! distal epiphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013124
name: left posterior cardinal vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "left postcardinal vein" EXACT [FMA:70316]
synonym: "posterior cardinal vein left" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001486]
xref: EHDAA2:0001486
xref: FMA:70316
xref: SCTID:361504002
is_a: UBERON:0002065  ! posterior cardinal vein
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0002065  ! posterior cardinal vein
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013125
name: left subcardinal vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "subcardinal vein left" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001932]
xref: EHDAA2:0001932
xref: SCTID:361451002
is_a: UBERON:0006296  ! subcardinal vein
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0006296  ! subcardinal vein
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013126
name: vein of abdomen
namespace: uberon
comment: This class groups all veins that are in the abdomen. The term 'abdominal vein' may have specific meanings in different contexts. The lateral abdominal veins are present in fishes but usually merged or absent in tetrapods; in amphibians, the L&R abdominal veins merge into the ventral abdominal vein. TODO: mirror representation of abdominal aorta
subset: grouping_class  ! Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes
synonym: "abdominal vein" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:281473003
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003497  ! abdomen blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013127
name: pulmonary venous system
namespace: uberon
def: "The part of the venous system that drains the lungs[Kardong]" [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_venous_system]
synonym: "pulmonary venous circulatory system" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature
relationship: channels_from UBERON:0000102 ! lung vasculature
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system
property_value: external_definition "Pulmonary circulation is the half portion of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated (oxygen-rich) blood back to the heart. The term pulmonary circulation is readily paired and contrasted with the systemic circulation. A separate system known as the bronchial circulation supplies blood to the tissue of the larger airways of the lung." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013128
name: bulb of penis
namespace: uberon
def: "Just before each crus of the penis meets its fellow it presents a slight enlargement, named by Kobelt the bulb of the corpus spongiosum penis. It is homologous to the vestibular bulbs in females." [Wikipedia:Bulb_of_penis]
synonym: "bulb of the corpus cavernosum penis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulb_of_penis]
synonym: "bulb of the corpus spongiousum penis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulb_of_penis]
synonym: "bulb of the penis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulb_of_penis]
synonym: "bulb of the urethra" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulb_of_penis]
synonym: "bulbus penis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Bulb_of_penis]
synonym: "penile bulb" EXACT [FMA:19614]
synonym: "urethral bulb" EXACT [FMA:19614, Wikipedia:Bulb_of_penis]
xref: FMA:19614
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001299 ! glans penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013129
name: bulb of vestibule
namespace: uberon
def: "aggregations of erectile tissue that are an internal part of the clitoris. They can also be found throughout the vestibule: next to the clitoral body, clitoral crura, urethra, urethral sponge, and vagina." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_bulbs]
synonym: "bulbus vestibuli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vestibular_bulbs]
synonym: "bulbus vestibuli vaginae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_bulbs]
synonym: "clitoral bulb" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vestibular_bulbs]
synonym: "vestibular bulb" EXACT [FMA:20199]
xref: FMA:20199
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0013128
property_value: external_definition "Cavernous organ, located in labium minus . Examples: There iare only two bulbs of vestibule, the right and the left.[FMA]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013131
name: lobe of tail
namespace: uberon
synonym: "fluke" NARROW []
synonym: "tail fluke" NARROW []
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013132
name: penicillar arteriole
namespace: uberon
def: "One of the small straight arteries of the red pulp of the spleen; a branch of the spleen central artery that supplies the red pulp[WP,modified]" [UBERON:cjm, http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/penicillus]
synonym: "penicillar artery" RELATED []
synonym: "penicilli" EXACT PLURAL [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/penicilli]
synonym: "penicillus" EXACT [FMA:16038]
xref: FMA:16038
is_a: UBERON:0001980  ! arteriole
is_a: UBERON:0010399  ! spleen trabecular artery
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0010401 ! spleen central arteriole
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001250 ! red pulp of spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013133
name: superior phrenic artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The superior phrenic arteries are small and arise from the lower part of the thoracic aorta; they are distributed to the posterior part of the upper surface of the diaphragm, and anastomose with the musculophrenic and pericardiacophrenic arteries." [Wikipedia:Superior_phrenic_artery]
synonym: "arteriae phrenicae superiores" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_phrenic_artery]
synonym: "superior phrenic branches" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_phrenic_artery]
xref: FMA:4163
xref: SCTID:198521008
is_a: UBERON:0002057  ! phrenic artery
is_a: UBERON:0003834  ! thoracic segment blood vessel
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001515 ! thoracic aorta
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013135
name: interdental plate
namespace: uberon
def: "The interdental plate refers to the bone-filled mesial-distal region between the teeth" [Wikipedia:Interdental_plate]
comment: Taxon notes: In paleobiology, the presence or absence of the interdental plate can determine the place of an animal in the evolutionary scale, and paleontologists use the interdental plate when trying to classify a new specimen. Thecodont reptiles and theropod dinosaur fossils have an interdental plate, whereas acrodont reptiles such as Sphenodontia do not.[3] Its presence in Archaeopteryx, an extinct avian, resulted in the proposal of the dinosaur-bird connection[WP]
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton
relationship: part_of UBERON:0012111 ! diastema
intersection_of: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0012111 ! diastema

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013136
name: vein of lip
namespace: uberon
synonym: "labial vein" RELATED []
synonym: "labial vein of face" EXACT []
synonym: "lip vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "vena labialis" EXACT LATIN []
xref: SCTID:367664002
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: drains UBERON:0001833 ! lip
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0001833 ! lip

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013137
name: external pudendal artery
namespace: uberon
xref: SCTID:244308005
is_a: UBERON:0007312  ! pudendal artery

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013138
name: coronary ligament of liver
namespace: uberon
def: "The coronary ligament of the liver refers to parts of the peritoneal reflections that hold the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm." [Wikipedia:Coronary_ligament]
synonym: "coronary ligament" EXACT [FMA:15822]
synonym: "ligamentum coronaria" RELATED [Wikipedia:Coronary_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum coronarium" EXACT [FMA:15822]
synonym: "ligamentum coronarium hepatis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:15822
xref: SCTID:279967000
xref: UMLS:C1261099
xref: ncithesaurus:Coronary_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007826  ! peritoneal mesentery
is_a: UBERON:0013139  ! ligament of liver
relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001178 ! visceral peritoneum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013139
name: ligament of liver
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hepatic ligament" EXACT [FMA:15820]
synonym: "liver ligament" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15820
xref: SCTID:48536008
xref: UMLS:C0230238
xref: ncithesaurus:Liver_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver
intersection_of: UBERON:0008845  ! nonskeletal ligament
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013140
name: systemic vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "systemic venous tree organ part" EXACT [FMA:66644]
xref: FMA:66644
xref: SCTID:244389004
xref: UMLS:C0447117
xref: ncithesaurus:Systemic_Vein
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013141
name: capillary bed
namespace: uberon
def: "A localized group of blood capillaries." [AEO:0001002]
xref: AEO:0001002
xref: FMA:45632
is_a: UBERON:0007502  ! epithelial plexus
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001982 ! capillary
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013142
name: soleal vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that drains the soleus" [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "soleus vein" EXACT []
synonym: "vein of soleus muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "vena solealis" EXACT LATIN []
xref: SCTID:397427005
is_a: UBERON:0001551  ! vein of hindlimb zeugopod
relationship: drains UBERON:0001389 ! soleus muscle
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 ! popliteal vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0001389 ! soleus muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013143
name: gastrocnemius vein
namespace: uberon
def: "A vein that drains the gastrocnemius" [OBOL:automatic]
comment: divided in medial gastrocnemius vein (vena medialis gastrocnemii), lateral gastrocnemius vein (vena lateralis gastrocnemii), and intergemellar vein (Vena intergemellaris), the vein ascending between the two heads of the gastrocnemius[http://www.veinsurg.com/fr/biblio/echodoppler/echodoppler_11.php]
synonym: "vein of gastrocnemius muscle" EXACT []
synonym: "vena gastrocnemii" EXACT LATIN []
xref: SCTID:264481007
is_a: UBERON:0001551  ! vein of hindlimb zeugopod
relationship: drains UBERON:0001388 ! gastrocnemius
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 ! popliteal vein
intersection_of: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
intersection_of: drains UBERON:0001388 ! gastrocnemius

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013144
name: vein of genicular venous plexus
namespace: uberon
comment: The term genicular venous plexus (plexus venosus genicularis) should replace the term genicular veins. At the knee, deep veins do not correspond exactly to the branches of the popliteal artery (articular arteries). They are arranged in a complex plexus of interconnecting veins.[http://www.veinsurg.com/fr/biblio/echodoppler/echodoppler_11.php]
synonym: "genicular vein" RELATED [FMA:44559]
xref: FMA:44559
is_a: UBERON:0001638  ! vein
is_a: UBERON:0003232  ! epithelium of knee
is_a: UBERON:0003503  ! leg blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 ! popliteal vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013145
name: accessory saphenous vein
namespace: uberon
synonym: "posteromedial vein of thigh" EXACT [FMA:44320]
xref: FMA:44320
xref: SCTID:302677006
is_a: UBERON:0007318  ! saphenous vein
relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001363 ! great saphenous vein

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013146
name: venous system of brain
namespace: uberon
def: "." [PMID:20557782, PMID:20566102]
synonym: "brain venous system" EXACT [VHOG:0001328]
synonym: "cranial venous system" RELATED []
xref: EHDAA2:0000185
xref: EMAPA:18631
xref: VHOG:0001328
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0007798  ! vascular system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013147
name: early mesencephalic vesicle
namespace: uberon
comment: gives rise to midbrain vesicle which gives rise to cerebral aqueduct
synonym: "mesencephalic vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001102]
xref: EHDAA2:0001102
xref: EMAPA:16515
is_a: UBERON:0013150  ! future brain vesicle
relationship: located_in UBERON:0009616 ! presumptive midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013148
name: early midbrain vesicle
namespace: uberon
comment: develops into cerebral aqueduct
synonym: "midbrain vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001103]
xref: EHDAA2:0001103
xref: EMAPA:16642
xref: SCTID:361481005
is_a: UBERON:0013150  ! future brain vesicle
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013147 ! early mesencephalic vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013149
name: hindbrain vesicle
namespace: uberon
comment: gives rise of 4th ventricle
synonym: "rhombencephalic vesicle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000101]
xref: EHDAA2:0000101
xref: EMAPA:16479
xref: SCTID:361482003
is_a: UBERON:0013150  ! future brain vesicle
relationship: located_in UBERON:0007277 ! presumptive hindbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013150
name: future brain vesicle
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - resolve space vs structure inconsistency; consider adding all secondary vesicles (e.g. diencephalic; my/metencephalic. See http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rswenson/NeuroSci/chapter_4.html). Note that some sources may treat the term vesicle as the progenitor of the whole brain region; for example 'The retina develops directly from the neural tube as an outpouching from the diencephalic vesicle'
synonym: "brain vesicle" RELATED []
synonym: "early brain vesicle" EXACT []
synonym: "primary brain vesicle" NARROW []
synonym: "primitive brain vesicle" EXACT []
synonym: "secondary brain vesicle" NARROW []
xref: SCTID:360409004
is_a: UBERON:0010064  ! open anatomical space
relationship: located_in UBERON:0006238 ! future brain
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013151
name: choroidal artery
namespace: uberon
synonym: "artery of choroid plexus" EXACT []
synonym: "choroid artery" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:244210009
xref: UMLS:C0226164
xref: ncithesaurus:Choroidal_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013152
name: interventricular foramen of heart
namespace: uberon
xref: EHDAA2:0004064
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
relationship: located_in UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013154
name: 1st arch maxillary endoderm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "endoderm of maxillary component" EXACT [EMAPA:16390]
xref: EHDAA2:0000040
xref: EMAPA:16390
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 ! early pharyngeal endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007238 ! 1st arch maxillary component
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009722 ! entire pharyngeal arch endoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013155
name: 1st arch mandibular ectoderm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ectoderm of mandibular component" EXACT [EMAPA:16383]
xref: EHDAA2:0000032
xref: EMAPA:16383
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007237 ! 1st arch mandibular component

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013156
name: 1st arch mandibular endoderm
namespace: uberon
synonym: "endoderm of mandibular component" EXACT [EMAPA:16384]
xref: EHDAA2:0000033
xref: EMAPA:16384
is_a: UBERON:0000490  ! unilaminar epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0003929  ! gut epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0005291  ! embryonic tissue
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 ! early pharyngeal endoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007237 ! 1st arch mandibular component
relationship: part_of UBERON:0009722 ! entire pharyngeal arch endoderm

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013157
name: 1st arch maxillary-mandibular cleft
namespace: uberon
synonym: "1st arch maxillary-mandibular groove ectoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000046]
synonym: "ectoderm of maxillary-mandibular groove" EXACT [EMAPA:16395]
xref: EHDAA2:0000046
xref: EMAPA:16395
is_a: UBERON:0005879  ! pharyngeal cleft
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013158
name: foregut-midgut junction gland
namespace: uberon
synonym: "gland of foregut-midgut junction" EXACT [EMAPA:17065]
xref: EHDAA2:0000574
xref: EMAPA:17065
is_a: UBERON:0003408  ! gland of gut
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013159
name: epithalamus mantle layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "mantle layer epithalamus" EXACT [VHOG:0000913]
synonym: "mantle layer of epithalamus" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000449
xref: EHDAA:5435
xref: EMAPA:17533
xref: VHOG:0000913
is_a: UBERON:0002757  ! regional part of epithalamus
is_a: UBERON:0004022  ! embryonic neuroepithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009580 ! diencephalon mantle layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013160
name: epithalamus ventricular layer
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventricular layer epithalamus" EXACT [VHOG:0000884]
synonym: "ventricular layer of epithalamus" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0000450
xref: EHDAA:5437
xref: EMAPA:17535
xref: VHOG:0000884
is_a: UBERON:0004022  ! embryonic neuroepithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013161
name: left lateral ventricle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "left telencephalic ventricle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:78450
xref: SCTID:368593005
is_a: UBERON:0002285  ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: UBERON:0002285  ! telencephalic ventricle
intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013162
name: right lateral ventricle
namespace: uberon
synonym: "right telencephalic ventricle" EXACT []
xref: FMA:78449
xref: SCTID:368571000
is_a: UBERON:0002285  ! telencephalic ventricle
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere
intersection_of: UBERON:0002285  ! telencephalic ventricle
intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013163
name: future cerebellum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cerebellum primordium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000231]
xref: EHDAA2:0000231
xref: EMAPA:17074
is_a: UBERON:0002616  ! regional part of brain
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010092 ! future metencephalon
intersection_of: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013164
name: molariform tooth
namespace: uberon
def: "A molar or premolar" [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "cheek tooth" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "molariform" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584]
synonym: "postcanine tooth" EXACT [http://www.termwiki.com/EN:postcanine_teeth]
is_a: UBERON:0001091  ! calcareous tooth
relationship: has_part UBERON:0006844 ! cusp of tooth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013165
name: epiglottic vallecula
namespace: uberon
def: "A depression in front of the epiglottis, in which food is temporarily gathered as the animal chews." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Epiglottic_vallecula]
synonym: "vallecula" BROAD []
synonym: "vallecula epiglottica" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "vallecula of epiglottis" EXACT [FMA:55037]
xref: FMA:55037
xref: SCTID:276955003
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000341 ! throat
property_value: external_definition "Region of surface of viscerocranial mucosa, which is a depression located between the median and lateral glosso-epiglottic folds. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left epiglottic valleculas[FMA:55037]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013166
name: vallecula of cerebellum
namespace: uberon
def: "On the upper surface of the cerebellum the vermis is elevated above the level of the hemispheres, but on the under surface it is sunk almost out of sight in the bottom of a deep depression between them; this depression is called the vallecula of the cerebellum, and lodges the posterior part of the medulla oblongata." [Wikipedia:Vallecula_of_cerebellum]
synonym: "vallecula cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75267]
xref: FMA:75267
xref: ncithesaurus:Vallecula
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013167
name: cricopharyngeal ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid cartilage to the pharynx[WP,modified]" [Wikipedia:Cricopharyngeal_ligament]
synonym: "crico-pharyngeal ligament" EXACT []
synonym: "ligamentum cricopharyngeum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cricopharyngeal_ligament]
xref: FMA:55260
xref: SCTID:172455006
is_a: UBERON:0001730  ! extrinsic ligament of larynx
relationship: connects UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001743  ! ligament of larynx
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013168
name: thyroepiglottic ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "Laryngeal ligament that connects the epiglottis to the thyroid cartilage[WP,modified]" [Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum thyroepiglotticum" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "thyroepiglottic ligament" EXACT [FMA:55230]
xref: FMA:55230
xref: SCTID:279562000
xref: UMLS:C0225514
xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroepiglottic_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0006325  ! laryngeal intrinsic ligament
relationship: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0001742 ! epiglottic cartilage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001743  ! ligament of larynx
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001742 ! epiglottic cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013169
name: vestibular ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The vestibular fold is a fibroelastic band which passes from the ventral margin of the cuneiform cartilage to the cranial dorsal surface of the thyroid cartilage. It forms the support for the free edge of the vestibular fold." [MURDOCH:2193, Wikipedia:Vestibular_ligament]
synonym: "ligamentum vestibulare" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_ligament]
synonym: "ventricular ligament" EXACT [Wikipedia:Vestibular_ligament]
synonym: "vestibular ligament of larynx" EXACT []
xref: FMA:64147
xref: SCTID:279561007
is_a: UBERON:0006325  ! laryngeal intrinsic ligament
relationship: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0011157 ! cuneiform cartilage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001743  ! ligament of larynx
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0011157 ! cuneiform cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013170
name: cricoarytenoid ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages[WP,modified]" [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_ligament]
synonym: "crico-arytenoid ligament" EXACT [FMA:55261]
synonym: "ligamentum cricoaryteneoideum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_ligament]
xref: FMA:55261
xref: SCTID:172533001
is_a: UBERON:0001730  ! extrinsic ligament of larynx
relationship: connects UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001743  ! ligament of larynx
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013171
name: cricothyroid ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "This attaches the caudal border of the thyroid cartilage to the ventral arch of the cricoid cartilage. Its sheetlike ventral portion is sometimes referred to as the cricothyroid membrane. Being elastic, it 'balances' movement at the hinge-like cricothyroid joint and determines the resting position of the larynx when the muscles are relaxed[MURDOCH]. The cricothyroid ligament is the larger part of the laryngeal membrane, continuing inferiorly as a median or anterior part and twin lateral ligaments. The median cricothyroid ligament is a flat band of white tissue joining the cricoid and thyroid cartilages, while the lateral cricothyroid ligament is also known as the cricothyroid membrane (also called conus elasticus)." [MURDOCH:483, Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_ligament]
synonym: "crico-thyroid ligament" EXACT []
synonym: "ligamentum cricothyreoideum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_ligament]
xref: FMA:55233
xref: SCTID:279558006
xref: UMLS:C0225542
xref: ncithesaurus:Cricothyroid_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0001743  ! ligament of larynx
relationship: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001743  ! ligament of larynx
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013172
name: cricotracheal ligament
namespace: uberon
def: "The cricotracheal ligament connects the cricoid cartilage with the first ring of the trachea[WP]. The caudal border of the cricoid cartilage is joined to the first ring of the trachea by this ligament. It is an extrinsic laryngeal ligament. It resembles the fibrous membrane which connects the cartilaginous rings of the trachea to each other." [MURDOCH:486, Wikipedia:Cricotracheal_ligament]
xref: FMA:55259
xref: SCTID:279553002
xref: UMLS:C0225543
xref: ncithesaurus:Cricotracheal_Ligament
is_a: UBERON:0001730  ! extrinsic ligament of larynx
relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
relationship: connects UBERON:0003604 ! trachea cartilage
intersection_of: UBERON:0001743  ! ligament of larynx
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage
intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003604 ! trachea cartilage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013173
name: anterior part of tympanic bone
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterior surface of tympanic plate" EXACT [FMA:56478]
synonym: "anterior wall of tympanic cavity" EXACT []
synonym: "anterior wall of tympanum" EXACT []
xref: FMA:56478
xref: SCTID:368942006
xref: UMLS:C1510916
xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Wall_of_the_Tympanum
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010066 ! tympanic plate

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013189
name: junk chamber
namespace: uberon
comment: May be homologous to melon organ
synonym: "junk" RELATED []
synonym: "junk bodies" RELATED PLURAL []
synonym: "junk body" RELATED []
synonym: "junk organ" RELATED []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Sperm_whale_head_anatomy.svg/1000px-Sperm_whale_head_anatomy.svg.png
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013190
name: entotympanic bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Entotympanics are independent elements present in the auditory bullae of various eutherians" [doi:10.1023/A:1020538313412]
comment: endochondral [doi:10.1023/A:1020538313412]
synonym: "entotyympanic" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013191
name: ovarian cortex
namespace: uberon
def: "The outer layer of the ovary, composed of cellular connective tissue which contains the ovarian follicles" [ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Cortex]
synonym: "cortex of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18613]
synonym: "cortex ovarii (zona parenchymatosa)" EXACT [FMA:18613]
xref: FMA:18613
xref: UMLS:C0227878
xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Cortex
is_a: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0001851  ! cortex
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013192
name: ovarian medulla
namespace: uberon
def: "The medulla of ovary (or Zona vasculosa of Waldeyer) is a highly vascular stroma in the center of the ovary. It forms from embryonic mesenchyme and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. This stroma forms the tissue of the hilum by which the ovarian ligament is attached, and through which the blood vessels enter: it does not contain any ovarian follicles." [Wikipedia:Medulla_of_ovary]
comment: composed of loose connective tissue that contains blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves[NCIT]
synonym: "medulla of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18616]
synonym: "medulla ovarii (zona vasculosa)" EXACT [FMA:18616]
synonym: "zona vasculosa of Waldeyer" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medulla_of_ovary]
xref: FMA:18616
xref: UMLS:C0227879
xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Medulla
is_a: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad
intersection_of: UBERON:0000958  ! medulla
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013193
name: parakeratinized epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "An epithelium that is characterized by incomplete keratinization of the cells in the stratum corneum. The cells are flattened and composed primarily of packed tonofilaments. However, the cells may retain remnants of nuclei and other organelles" [http://www.dental.pitt.edu/informatics/periohistology/en/glossary.html]
comment: found in oral epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0000488  ! atypical epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013194
name: orthokeratinized epithelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A keratinized epithelium in which the cells of the stratum corneum become very flat, loose their nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles and are now composed of densely packed tonofilaments cemented by filaggrin" [http://www.dental.pitt.edu/informatics/periohistology/en/glossary.html]
is_a: UBERON:0000488  ! atypical epithelium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013195
name: parakeratinized epithelium of gingiva
namespace: uberon
synonym: "gingival parakeratinized epithelium" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0001949  ! gingival epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0013193  ! parakeratinized epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva
intersection_of: UBERON:0013193  ! parakeratinized epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013199
name: stria of neuraxis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "neuraxis stria" EXACT [FMA:83854]
synonym: "neuraxis striae" EXACT PLURAL []
synonym: "stria" BROAD []
synonym: "striae" BROAD PLURAL []
xref: FMA:83854
is_a: UBERON:0002316  ! white matter

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013201
name: olfactory pathway
namespace: uberon
def: "Set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex. It includes the olfactory nerve; olfactory bulb; olfactory tract, olfactory tubercle, anterior perforated substance, and olfactory cortex. The term rhinencephalon is restricted to structures in the CNS receiving fibers from the olfactory bulb." [MESH:A08.186.211.577.699]
synonym: "anterior perforated substance" RELATED [MESH:A08.186.211.577.699]
synonym: "rhinencephalon" RELATED [MESH:A08.186.211.577.699]
xref: MESH:A08.186.211.577.699
xref: SCTID:281148007
is_a: UBERON:0000122  ! neuron projection bundle
is_a: UBERON:0011215  ! cell part cluster of neuraxis
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001579 ! olfactory nerve
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001883 ! olfactory tubercle
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002265 ! olfactory tract
relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005725 ! olfactory system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013203
name: hypogastrium
namespace: uberon
def: "The hypogastrium (or hypogastric region, or pubic region) is an area of the human abdomen located below the navel." [Wikipedia:Hypogastrium]
synonym: "hypogastric part of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:14602]
synonym: "hypogastric region" EXACT [FMA:14602, Wikipedia:Hypogastrium]
synonym: "pubic part of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:14602]
synonym: "pubic region" EXACT [FMA:14602, Wikipedia:Hypogastrium]
synonym: "regio pubica" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "suprapubic region" EXACT [FMA:14602]
xref: CALOHA:TS-2346
xref: FMA:14602
xref: SCTID:182348003
xref: UMLS:C0230189
xref: ncithesaurus:Hypogastric_Region
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
relationship: posterior_to UBERON:0007118 ! umbilicus
property_value: has_relational_adjective "hypogastric" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013206
name: nasal tentacle
namespace: uberon
def: "A fleshy appendage ringing the snout of a Star-nosed mole." [Wikipedia:Star-nosed_mole]
is_a: UBERON:0000021  ! cutaneous appendage
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: has_part UBERON:0011255 ! Eimer's organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013207
name: entepicondylar foramen
namespace: uberon
def: "The entepicondylar foramen is an opening in the distal (far) end of the humerus (upper arm bone) present in some mammals. It is often present in primitive placentals, such as the enigmatic Madagascan Plesiorycteropus. In most Neotominae and all Tylomyinae among cricetid rodents, it is located above the medial epicondyle of the humerus, but it is absent in all Sigmodontinae and Arvicolinae and this trait has been suggested as a synapomorphy for the former subfamily." [Wikipedia:Entepicondylar_foramen]
is_a: UBERON:0004111  ! anatomical conduit
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013208
name: Grueneberg ganglion
namespace: uberon
def: "An olfactory ganglion at the entrance of the nose of mammals that is involved in the detection of alarm pheromones and cold temperatures. The ganglion was first described by Hans GrC<neberg in 1973." [Wikipedia:Gr%C3%BCneberg_ganglion]
synonym: "GrC<neberg ganglion" EXACT []
synonym: "Gruneberg ganglion" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000045  ! ganglion
relationship: located_in UBERON:0001826 ! nasal cavity mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013212
name: anal sac gland secretion
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anal gland secretion" RELATED []
synonym: "hyena butter" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Hyena_butter]
synonym: "musk" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0011253 ! gland of anal sac
intersection_of: UBERON:0000456  ! bodily secretion
intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0011253 ! gland of anal sac

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013213
name: ossicone
namespace: uberon
def: "Ossicones are horn-like protuberances on the heads of giraffes, male okapis, and their extinct relatives, such as Sivatherium, and the climacoceratids, such as Climacoceras. Only giraffids have true ossicones (as opposed to horns or antlers). The base that a deer's antlers grow from is very similar to ossicones. Ossicones are similar to the horns of antelopes and cattle, save that they are derived from ossified cartilage, and that the ossicones remain covered in skin and fur, rather than horn. Antlers (such as on deer) are derived from bone tissue: when mature, the skin and fur covering of the antlers, termed \"velvet,\" is sloughed and scraped off to expose the bone of the antlers." [Wikipedia:Ossicone]
is_a: UBERON:0006969  ! cranial appendage

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013217
name: zygomatic plate
namespace: uberon
def: "In rodent anatomy, the zygomatic plate is a bony plate derived from the flattened front part of the zygomatic arch (cheekbone). At the back, it connects to the front (maxillary) root of the zygomatic arch, and at the top it is connected to the rest of the skull via the antorbital bridge. It is part of the maxillary bone, or upper jaw, which also contains the upper cheekteeth. Primitively, rodents have a nearly horizontal zygomatic plate. In association with specializations in zygomasseteric system, several distinct morphologies have developed across the order. The term is also used for an analogous structure in some South American typotheres, including Pseudotypotherium and Medistylus." [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_plate]
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004529  ! anatomical projection
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002500 ! zygomatic arch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013218
name: rete mirabile
namespace: uberon
def: "A rete mirabile (Latin for 'wonderful net'; plural retia mirabilia) is a complex of arteries and veins lying very close to each other, found in some vertebrates. The rete mirabile utilizes countercurrent blood flow within the net (blood flowing in opposite directions. ) It exchanges heat, ions, or gases between vessel walls so that the two bloodstreams within the rete maintain a gradient with respect to temperature, or concentration of gases or solutes." [Wikipedia:Rete_mirabile]
comment: GAT in FMA
synonym: "red body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rete_mirabile]
synonym: "red gland" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rete_mirabile]
synonym: "rete mirabilia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rete_mirabile]
synonym: "rete mirabilis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rete_mirabile]
synonym: "retie mirabilia" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Rete_mirabile]
synonym: "wonderful net" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rete_mirabile]
xref: FMA:76728
is_a: UBERON:0002049  ! vasculature

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013221
name: caudofemoralis
namespace: uberon
def: "The caudofemoralis (from the latin cauda, tail and femur, thighbone) is a muscle found in the pelvic limb of mostly all animals possessing a tail, since it is a synapomorphy appeared on the Archosauria clade. It is thus found in felids (cats) and Mustela (\"Weasels\"), but also on crocodiles and birds." [Wikipedia:Caudofemoralis]
comment: Action: The Caudofemoralis acts to flex the tail laterally to its respective side when the pelvic limb is bearing weight. When the pelvic limb is lifted off the ground, contraction of the Caudofemoralis causes the limb to abduct and the shank to extend by extending the hip joint (acetabulofemoral or coxofemoral joint)
synonym: "caudofemoralis muscle" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003665  ! tail muscle
relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013222
name: otic notch
namespace: uberon
def: "Otic notches are invagination in the posterior margin of the skull roof, one behind each orbit. Such notches are found in labyrinthodonts and some of their immediate ancestors, but not their reptilian descendants. The presence or absence of the otic notches is one of the traits used to separate the amniotes from the amphibian grade tetrapods. The notches have been interpreted as part of an auditory structure, and are often shown holding a tympanum similar to those seen in modern anurans. Analysis of the columella (the stapes in amphibians and reptiles) of labyrinthodonts however indicate it did not function in transmitting low energy vibrations, thus rendering them effectively deaf to airborne sound. The otic notch instead functioned as a spiracle, at least in the early forms." [Wikipedia:Otic_notch]
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013223
name: alveolar gland
namespace: uberon
def: "In contrast to tubular glands, in the second main variety of gland, the secretory portion is enlarged and the lumen variously increased in size. These are termed alveolar glands (or saccular glands, or acinar glands, or acinous glands). Some sources draw a clear distinction between acinar and alveolar glands, based upon the shape of the lumen. A further complication in the case of the alveolar glands may occur in the form of still smaller saccular diverticuli growing out from the main sacculi. These are termed alveoli. The term \"tubulo-alveolar\" (or \"tubulo-acinar\", or \"compound tubulo-acinar\", or \"compound tubulo-alveolar\") is used to describe glands that start out as branched tubular, and branch further to terminate in alveoli. This type of gland is found in the salivary glands, esophagus, and mammary glands. The term \"racemose gland\" is used to describe a \"compound alveolar gland\" or \"compound acinar gland\"." [Wikipedia:Alveolar_gland]
synonym: "acinar gland" RELATED [Wikipedia:Alveolar_gland]
synonym: "alveolar gland" RELATED [Wikipedia:Alveolar_gland]
synonym: "saccular gland" RELATED [Wikipedia:Alveolar_gland]
xref: Wikipedia:Alveolar_gland
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Gray1105.png
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013224
name: Ciaccio's gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Ciaccio's glands are small tubular accessory lacrimal glands (glandulae lacrimales accessoriae) found in the lacrimal caruncle of the eyelid. They are located in the upper border of the tarsus, approximately in the middle between the extremities of the tarsal glands. Sometimes they are situated slightly above the tarsus. There are usually 2 to 5 of these glands in the upper eyelid, and their function is to produce tears which are secreted onto the surface of the conjunctiva. They are named after Italian anatomist Giuseppe Vincenzo Ciaccio (1824b1901), who described these glands in 1874. They are sometimes called Wolfring's glands after Polish ophthalmologist Emilj von Wolfring (1832-1906), who described them during the same time period as did Ciaccio. Another type of accessory lacrimal gland are Krause's glands, which are smaller, more numerous than Ciaccio's glands and are found along the superior and inferior fornices of the conjunctival sac." [Wikipedia:Ciaccio's_glands]
synonym: "Wolfring's gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ciaccio's_glands]
synonym: "gland of Wolfring" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ciaccio's_glands, ncithesaurus:Gland_of_Wolfring]
synonym: "gland of Wolfring and Ciacco" EXACT [SCTID:278361003]
xref: SCTID:278361003
xref: ncithesaurus:Gland_of_Wolfring
is_a: UBERON:0013226  ! accessory lacrimal gland
is_a: UBERON:0013229  ! eyelid gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013226
name: accessory lacrimal gland
namespace: uberon
def: "Serous gland with distended lumen. It includes the gland of Krause in the lacrimal sac and the gland of Wolfring on the inner surface of the upper eyelid. (NCI)" [ncithesaurus:Accessory_Lacrimal_Gland]
comment: Editor notes: may be re-classified as a sibling on lacrimal gland
synonym: "glandulae lacrimales accessoriae" EXACT LATIN []
xref: SCTID:278360002
xref: UMLS:C0266586
xref: ncithesaurus:Accessory_Lacrimal_Gland
is_a: UBERON:0001817  ! lacrimal gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013227
name: crypt of Henle
namespace: uberon
def: "Crypts of Henle are microscopic pockets found in scattered sections of the conjunctiva around the eyeball. They are responsible for secreting mucin, a proteinous substance that makes up the inner layer of tears. It coats the cornea to provide a hydrophilic layer that allows for even distribution of the tear film. The layer of mucin allows tears to glide evenly across the eyebs surface[WP]." [Wikipedia:Crypts_of_Henle]
synonym: "Henle's gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Crypts_of_Henle]
synonym: "crypts of Henle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Crypts_of_Henle]
synonym: "gland of Henle" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:278362005
is_a: UBERON:0013226  ! accessory lacrimal gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013229
name: eyelid gland
namespace: uberon
synonym: "gland of eyelid" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:280574000
is_a: UBERON:0004859  ! eye gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013230
name: gland of nictitating membrane
namespace: uberon
comment: Consider merging with Harderian
synonym: "gland of the third eyelid" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Gland_of_the_Third_Eyelid]
synonym: "nictitans gland" EXACT []
xref: ncithesaurus:Gland_of_the_Third_Eyelid
is_a: UBERON:0013229  ! eyelid gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0010207 ! nictitating membrane
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010207 ! nictitating membrane

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013232
name: serous acinus
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:86279
is_a: UBERON:0011858  ! acinus of exocrine gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000409 ! serous gland
intersection_of: UBERON:0009842  ! acinus
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000409 ! serous gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013233
name: supraorbital gland
namespace: uberon
def: "The supraorbital gland is a type of lateral nasal gland found in some species of marine birds, particularly penguins, which removes sodium chloride from the bloodstream. The gland's function is similar to that of the kidneys, though it is much more efficient at removing salt, allowing Penguins to survive without access to fresh water. Contrary to popular belief, the gland does not directly convert saltwater to freshwater. The term supraorbital refers to the area just above the eye socket (which is known as the orbit of the eye. ) Living in saltwater environments would naturally pose a large problem for penguins because the ingestion of saltwater would be detrimental to a penguin's health. Although penguins do not directly drink water, it is taken in when they engulf prey. As a result, saltwater enters their system and must be effectively excreted. The supraorbital gland has thus enabled the penguins' survival in such environments due to its water-filtering capability. The gland is located just above the eyes and surrounds a capillary in the head. This capillary constantly strains out the salt in the saltwater that a penguin takes in. Since the byproduct of the gland has roughly five times as much salt as would normally be found in the animal's fluids, the supraorbital gland is highly efficient. The penguin excretes the salt byproduct as a brine through its bill. Often, the fluid drips out, and this gives the appearance of a runny nose. However, the fluid may also be sneezed out. In the absence of saltwater, caused by captivity, the supraorbital gland will lie dormant as it has no other purpose. Having a dormant supraorbital gland does not negatively affect the health of a penguin." [Wikipedia:Supraorbital_gland]
is_a: UBERON:0012278  ! nasal gland

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013235
name: ventrum
namespace: uberon
def: "The ventral part of an animal. [cjm]." [UBERONREF:0000006]
synonym: "front" BROAD []
synonym: "front of body proper" EXACT [FMA:259204]
synonym: "ventral part of organism" EXACT []
synonym: "ventral region" BROAD []
synonym: "ventral region of organism" EXACT []
xref: FMA:259204
is_a: UBERON:0000475  ! organism subdivision

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013236
name: ventral trunk
namespace: uberon
synonym: "anterolateral part of trunk" EXACT [FMA:25055]
synonym: "front of trunk" EXACT [FMA:25055]
synonym: "trunk front" EXACT [FMA:25055]
synonym: "trunk proper" EXACT [FMA:25055]
xref: FMA:25055
is_a: UBERON:0009569  ! subdivision of trunk
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013235 ! ventrum
property_value: external_definition "Subdivision of trunk which is demarcated from the back of trunk by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines, the external surface of the posterior abdominal wall and from the limbs by the inguinal folds; together with the back of trunk, it constitutes the trunk. Examples: There is only one trunk proper[FMA:25055]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013238
name: future glans
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0005423  ! developing anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011757 ! differentiated genital tubercle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013239
name: future glans penis
namespace: uberon
synonym: "glans of male genital tubercle" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:29288
is_a: UBERON:0013238  ! future glans
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006261 ! male genital tubercle
intersection_of: UBERON:0013238  ! future glans
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006261 ! male genital tubercle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013240
name: future glans clitoris
namespace: uberon
synonym: "glans of female genital tubercle" EXACT []
xref: EMAPA:19170
is_a: UBERON:0013238  ! future glans
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006233 ! female genital tubercle
intersection_of: UBERON:0013238  ! future glans
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006233 ! female genital tubercle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013241
name: embryonic urethral groove
namespace: uberon
def: "The urethral groove is a temporary linear indentation on the underside (ventral side) of the male penis during embryonic development. In humans, it typically appears around 8 weeks of gestation and becomes closed into a normal male urethra by the 12th week." [Wikipedia:Urethral_groove]
synonym: "sulcus urethralis primarius" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "urethral groove" EXACT []
synonym: "urethral sulcus" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:361531004
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 ! urogenital ridge
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013244
name: vaginal plate
namespace: uberon
def: "The vaginal plate is a precursor to the inferior portion of the vagina. They form from sinovaginal bulbs." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_plate]
xref: UMLS:C1519928
xref: ncithesaurus:Vaginal_Plate
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013245 ! sinovaginal bulb
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013245
name: sinovaginal bulb
namespace: uberon
def: "solid evaginations of the UG sinus that develops into a vaginal plate that which will will eventually canalize to form the inferior portion of the vagina." [UBERON:cjm]
xref: UMLS:C1519330
xref: ncithesaurus:Sinovaginal_Bulb
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0006554  ! urinary system structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013247
name: male paramesonephric duct
namespace: uberon
synonym: "degenerating mesonephric portion of male paramesonephric duct" RELATED [EMAPA:29161]
xref: EHDAA2:0001052
xref: EMAPA:29161
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003890 ! Mullerian duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system
intersection_of: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003890 ! Mullerian duct
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013248
name: paradidymis
namespace: uberon
def: "A small collection of convoluted tubules, situated in front of the lower part of the cord above the head of the epididymis. These tubes are lined with columnar ciliated epithelium, and probably represent the remains of a part of the Wolffian body but are functionless and vestigial. The Wolffian body operates as a kidney (metanephros) in fishes and amphibians, but the corresponding tissue is co-opted to form parts of the male reproductive system in other classes of vertebrate. The paradidymis represents a remnant of an unused, atrophied part of the Wolffian body[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Paradidymis]
synonym: "Waldeyer's organ" EXACT [FMA:74055]
synonym: "organ of GiraldC)s" EXACT []
synonym: "organ of Giraldes" EXACT [FMA:74055]
xref: FMA:74055
xref: SCTID:279643005
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013249
name: paroophoron
namespace: uberon
def: "A collection of a few scattered rudimentary tubules child, situated in the broad ligament between the epoophoron and the uterus." [Wikipedia:Paroophoron]
synonym: "Kobelt's tubules" EXACT [FMA:18692]
synonym: "paroC6phoron" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paroophoron]
synonym: "parooephoron" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paroophoron]
xref: FMA:18692
is_a: UBERON:0000078  ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0003914  ! epithelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0010371  ! ecto-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0012275  ! meso-epithelium
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013250
name: vesicular appendage of epoophoron
namespace: uberon
def: "In connection with the fimbriae of the uterine tube, or with the broad ligament close to them, there are frequently one or more small pedunculated vesicles. These are termed the vesicular appendages of the epoophoron." [Wikipedia:Vesicular_appendages_of_epoophoron]
synonym: "appendage of epoC6phoron" RELATED []
synonym: "appendage of epoophoron" RELATED []
synonym: "appendices vesiculosae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vesicular_appendages_of_epoophoron]
synonym: "appendices vesiculosae epoophori" RELATED LATIN []
synonym: "appendix vesiculosus" EXACT [FMA:18696]
synonym: "hydatid of Morgagni" BROAD [FMA:18696, Wikipedia:Hydatid_of_Morgagni]
synonym: "vesicular appendage of epoC6phoron" RELATED []
synonym: "vesicular appendage of epoophoron" RELATED [FMA:18696]
xref: FMA:18696
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003890 ! Mullerian duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system
property_value: external_definition "one of the small pedunculated structures attached to the uterine tubes near their fimbriated end; remnants of the mesonephric ducts[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013262
name: remnnant of ductus deferens
namespace: uberon
def: "remnant in a female of the portion of the embryonic mesonephric duct that develops into the ductus deferens in males." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=98549]
synonym: "ductus deferens vestige" EXACT [FMA:76609]
synonym: "ductus deferens vestigialis" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "vestige of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:76609]
xref: FMA:76609
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003890 ! Mullerian duct
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013277
name: remnant of processus vaginalis
namespace: uberon
def: "incompletely obliterated remnants of the vaginal process of the peritoneum remaining in the spermatic cord." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=98550]
synonym: "processus vaginalis vestige" EXACT [FMA:77300]
synonym: "vestige of processus vaginalis" EXACT [FMA:77300]
xref: FMA:77300
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005344 ! peritoneal vaginal process
relationship: part_of UBERON:0005352 ! spermatic cord

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013278
name: canal of Nuck
namespace: uberon
def: "A patent pouch of peritoneum extending into the labia majora of women. It is analogous to the processus vaginalis in males. The pouch accompanies the gubernaculum during development of the urinary and reproductive organs, more specifically during the descent of the ovaries, and normally obliterates." [Wikipedia:Canal_of_Nuck]
synonym: "canal of nuck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canal_of_Nuck]
synonym: "nuck%27s canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canal_of_Nuck]
synonym: "persistent processus vaginalis" RELATED [MP:0009217]
synonym: "processus vaginalis peritonei femininus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Canal_of_Nuck]
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0006590  ! vestigial embryonic structure
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005344 ! peritoneal vaginal process
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013279
name: diaphysis of fibula
namespace: uberon
def: "A diaphysis that is part of a fibula[Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Body_of_fibula]
synonym: "body of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33738]
synonym: "corpus fibulae" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "fibula diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33738]
synonym: "shaft of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33738]
xref: FMA:33738
xref: SCTID:302528006
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
intersection_of: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula
property_value: external_definition "The body of fibula presents four borders - the antero-lateral, the antero-medial, the postero-lateral, and the postero-medial; and four surfaces - anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral[Wikipedia:Body_of_fibula]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013280
name: diaphysis of tibia
namespace: uberon
def: "A diaphysis that is part of a tibia." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Body_of_tibia]
synonym: "body of the tibia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_tibia]
synonym: "body of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33125]
synonym: "corpus tibiae" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "shaft of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33125, Wikipedia:Body_of_tibia]
synonym: "tibial diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33125]
xref: FMA:33125
xref: SCTID:302525009
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
intersection_of: UBERON:0004769  ! diaphysis
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia
property_value: external_definition "The body of the tibia has three borders and three surfaces[Wikipedia:Body_of_tibia]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013397
name: stratum argenteum of choroid
namespace: uberon
def: "A silver reflective layer in the outer choroid, adjacent to the sclera, frequently present in fish larvae but not as frequent in adults. In species known to have a stratum argenteum as adults, like the toadfish (Toad- fishes), the tapetum lucidum is absent or vestigial and there is little choroidal melanin." [PMID:14738502]
synonym: "choroid stratum argenteum" EXACT []
synonym: "stratum argenteum" BROAD [PMID:14738502]
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013398
name: choroidal gland
namespace: uberon
comment: Requires review
is_a: UBERON:0004859  ! eye gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid
property_value: external_definition "Teleosts bear a body of capillary adjacent to the optic nerve called the choroidal gland. Though its function is not known, it is believed to be a supplemental oxygen carrier[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choroid#In_bony_fish]." xsd:string
property_value: external_definition "a gland on the dorsal half of the fish eyeball[http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/en_ichthyology/2916/choroid]l" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013399
name: blood vessel layer of choroid
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Haller's layer" NARROW [FMA:58435]
synonym: "Sattler's layer" NARROW [FMA:58435]
synonym: "lamina vasculosa (choroid)" EXACT [FMA:58435]
synonym: "lamina vasculosa of choroid" EXACT [FMA:58435]
synonym: "outer layer of choroid proper" EXACT [FMA:58435]
synonym: "vessel layer of choroid" EXACT [FMA:58435]
xref: FMA:58435
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! optic choroid
property_value: external_definition "a layer of medium-diameter blood vessels of the choroid, a layer of the eye[Wikipedia:Sattler's_layer]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013403
name: asterion of skull
namespace: uberon
def: "The asterion is the point on the skull corresponding to the posterior end of the parietomastoid suture." [Wikipedia:Asterion_(anatomy)]
synonym: "asterion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Asterion_(anatomy)]
xref: FMA:76625
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Asterion.PNG
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013406
name: bregma
namespace: uberon
def: "The bregma is the anatomical point on the skull at which the coronal suture is intersected perpendicularly by the sagittal suture." [Wikipedia:Bregma]
xref: FMA:264776
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Kort-lang-skalle.gif
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: connects UBERON:0002489 ! coronal suture
relationship: connects UBERON:0002492 ! sagittal suture
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull
property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cranial point  where the coronal and sagittal suture lines intersect[FMA:264776]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013411
name: cranial cavity
namespace: uberon
def: "The cranial cavity, or intracranial space, is the space formed inside the skull. The brain occupies the cranial cavity, which is lined by the meninges and which contains cerebrospinal fluid to cushion blows. Eight fused cranial bones together form the cranial cavity: the frontal, occipital, sphenoid and ethmoid bones, and two each of the parietal and temporal bones. The capacity of an adult human cranial cavity is 1,200-1,700 cm." [Wikipedia:Cranial_cavity]
synonym: "intracranial cavity" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cranial_cavity]
synonym: "intracranial space" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cranial_cavity]
xref: FMA:9644
xref: SCTID:264452006
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg
xref: ncithesaurus:Cranial_Cavity
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0003129 ! skull
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013412
name: crotaphion
namespace: uberon
def: "The crotaphion refers to two points on the skull at the tips of the greater wing of sphenoid bone. It is near the pterion." [Wikipedia:Crotaphion]
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013417
name: epicranium
namespace: uberon
def: "The Epicranium is the medical term for the collection of structures covering the cranium. It consists of the muscles, aponeurosis, and skin." [Wikipedia:Epicranium]
comment: todo - add parts
xref: SCTID:362625008
is_a: UBERON:0000477  ! anatomical cluster
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003129 ! skull
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013420
name: groove for sigmoid sinus
namespace: uberon
def: "Groove for Sigmoid Sinus is a groove in the posterior cranial fossa." [Wikipedia:Groove_for_sigmoid_sinus]
xref: FMA:57122
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png
is_a: UBERON:0005744  ! cranial conduit
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008788 ! posterior cranial fossa

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013422
name: infratemporal fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "The infratemporal fossa is an irregularly shaped cavity, situated below and medial to the zygomatic arch. Boundaries defined by: anteriorly, by the infratemporal surface of the maxilla and the ridge which descends from its zygomatic process posteriorly, by the articular tubercle of the temporal and the spinal angularis of the sphenoid superiorly, by the greater wing of the sphenoid below the infratemporal crest, and by the under surface of the temporal squama, containing the foramen ovale, which transmits the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve, and the foramen spinosum, which transmits the middle meningeal artery inferiorly, by the medial pterygoid muscle attaching to the mandible medially, by the lateral pterygoid plate laterally, by the ramus of mandible, which contains the mandibular foramen, leading to the mandibular canal through which the inferior alveolar nerve passes. This also contains the lingula, a triangular piece of bone that overlies the mandibular foramen antero-medially. Finally, the mylohyoid groove descends obliquely transmitting the mylohyoid nerve the only motor branch of the anterior division of the trigeminal nerve." [Wikipedia:Infratemporal_fossa]
synonym: "fossa infratemporalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infratemporal_fossa]
synonym: "infratemporal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infratemporal_fossa]
synonym: "pterygomaxillary fossa" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infratemporal_fossa]
xref: FMA:75308
xref: SCTID:260616009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Gray189.png
is_a: UBERON:0004704  ! bone fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013423
name: jugal point
namespace: uberon
def: "The jugal point is the point at the anterior end of the upper border of the zygomatic arch where the masseteric and maxillary edges meet at an angle. The \"Jugal Point\" is the anterior end of upper border of the zygomatic arch where it is mees the process of the zygomatic bone." [Wikipedia:Jugal_point]
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013424
name: lambda
namespace: uberon
def: "The occipital angle is rounded and corresponds with the point of meeting of the sagittal and lambdoidal suturesba point which is termed the lambda (after the Greek letter of the same name); in the fetus this part of the skull is membranous, and is called the posterior fontanelle." [Wikipedia:Lambda_(anatomy)]
synonym: "lambda" BROAD [Wikipedia:Lambda_(anatomy)]
xref: FMA:264773
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Gray1193.svg
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013426
name: obelion
namespace: uberon
def: "The term obelion is applied to that point of the sagittal suture which is on a level with the parietal foramina." [Wikipedia:Obelion]
xref: FMA:264774
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013427
name: occipital bun
namespace: uberon
def: "a prominent bulge, or projection, of the occipital bone at the back of the skull[WP]." [Wikipedia:Occipital_bun]
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Neanderthal_profile.png
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone
property_value: taxon_notes "Occipital buns are important in scientific descriptions of classic Neanderthal crania. While common among many of mankind's ancestors, primarily robust relatives rather than gracile, the protrusion is relatively rare in modern Homo sapiens.." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013428
name: ophryon
namespace: uberon
def: "The ophryon is the point in the forehead just above the optic foramen, or eyesocket, and glabella." [Wikipedia:Ophryon]
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013436
name: porion
namespace: uberon
def: "The porion is the point on the human skull located at the upper margin of each ear canal (external auditory meatus, external acoustic meatus). It underlies the tragus. The anatomical landmark has significance in biological anthropology and craniometry." [Wikipedia:Porion]
xref: FMA:264711
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Gray189.png
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013442
name: postorbital process
namespace: uberon
def: "The Postorbital Process marks the rear, upper edge of the eye socket and is a projection from the frontal bone." [Wikipedia:Postorbital_process]
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013445
name: pterygomaxillary fissure
namespace: uberon
def: "The pterygomaxillary fissure is a fissure of the human skull. It is vertical, and descends at right angles from the medial end of the inferior orbital fissure; it is a triangular interval, formed by the divergence of the maxilla from the pterygoid process of the sphenoid. It connects the infratemporal with the pterygopalatine fossa, and transmits the terminal part of the maxillary artery. Alveolar branches of the maxillary nerve go from the pterygopalatine fossa to the infratemporal region via this fissure. In older texts, the pterygomaxillary fissure is sometimes called the pterygopalatine fissure." [Wikipedia:Pterygomaxillary_fissure]
xref: FMA:76627
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Gray189.png
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013447
name: sagittal crest
namespace: uberon
def: "A sagittal crest is a ridge of bone running lengthwise along the midline of the top of the skull of many mammalian and reptilian skulls, among others. The presence of this ridge of bone indicates that there are exceptionally strong jaw muscles. The sagittal crest serves primarily for attachment of the temporalis muscle, which is one of the main chewing muscles. Development of the sagittal crest is thought to be connected to the development of this muscle. A sagittal crest usually develops during the childhood of an animal in conjunction with the growth of the temporalis muscle, as a result of convergence and gradual heightening of the temporal lines. A sagittal crest tends to be present on the skulls of adult animals that rely on powerful biting and clenching of their teeth, usually as a part of their hunting strategy. Skulls of some dinosaur species, including tyrannosaurs, possessed well developed sagittal crests. Among mammals, dogs, cats, lions, and many other carnivores have sagittal crests, as do some leaf eaters, including tapirs and some apes. Sagittal crests are found in robust great apes, and some early hominins. Prominent sagittal crests are found among male gorillas and orangutans, and do occur but only rarely in male chimpanzees such as Bili Apes. The largest sagittal crest ever discovered in the human lineage belongs to the \"Black Skull\", Paranthropus aethiopicus field number KNM WT 17000, the earliest known robust hominid ancestor and the oldest robust australopithecine discovered to date. The prominence of the crest appears to have been an adaptation for the aethiopicus's heavy chewing, and the Black Skull's cheek teeth are correspondingly large. Smaller sagittal crests are also present on the skulls of other Paranthropines, including Paranthropus boisei and Paranthropus robustus." [Wikipedia:Sagittal_crest]
comment: Compare with: AAO:0000384 parasagital crest (UBERON:0013402)
synonym: "sagittal ridge" RELATED []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Paranthropus_aethiopicus.JPG
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013448
name: sagittal keel
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sagittal keel (torus) is a thickening of bone on part or all of the midline of the frontal bone, or parietal bones where they meet along the sagittal suture, or on both bones.." [Wikipedia:Sagittal_keel]
synonym: "sagittal torus" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium
property_value: taxon_notes " Sagittal keels occur in Homo erectus and occasionally Homo heidelbergensis, where they probably served as an armour against shock to the roof of the skull, and as the attachment point for the temporalis muscles. Most Homo sapiens lost them likely as part of the general trend toward thinning of the cranial bones during the Pleistocene, to make room for larger brains. However there is a very small portion of modern humans who have this, but its function and etiology are unknown. Patrick Stewart of Star Trek and the martial artist Shi Yan Ming present good examples of modern humans with this feature." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013450
name: simian shelf
namespace: uberon
def: "The simian shelf is a bony thickening on the front of the ape mandible. Its function is to reinforce the jaw, though it also has the effect of considerably reducing the movement of the tongue by restricting the area available for muscles. Humans are the only apes to have protruding chins, though some fossils of early humans show evidence of a simian shelf." [Wikipedia:Simian_shelf]
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013454
name: spheno-maxillary fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "The speno-maxillary fossa is a small triangular space situated at the angle of the junction of the spheno-maxillary and pterygo-maxillary fissures, and placed beneath the apex of the orbit. It is formed above by the under surface of the body of the sphenoid and by the orbital process of the palate bone." [Wikipedia:Spheno-maxillary_fossa]
xref: ncithesaurus:Sphenomaxillary_Fossa
is_a: UBERON:0004704  ! bone fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013455
name: spheno-petrosal fissure
namespace: uberon
def: "The sphenopetrosal fissure (or sphenopetrosal suture) is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It is in the middle cranial fossa." [Wikipedia:Sphenopetrosal_fissure]
synonym: "fissura sphenopetrosa" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "sphenopetrosal fissure" EXACT [FMA:75038]
xref: FMA:75038
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013459
name: stephanion
namespace: uberon
def: "The point where the upper temporal line cuts the coronal suture is named the stephanion." [Wikipedia:Stephanion]
xref: FMA:264723
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Gray188-Coronal_suture.png
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013460
name: suprainiac fossa
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0013470
def: "The suprainiac fossa is an elliptic depression on the occiput above the superior nuchal line, or inion." [Wikipedia:Suprainiac_fossa]
is_a: UBERON:0004704  ! bone fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:63221

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013462
name: sylvian point
namespace: uberon
def: "The Sylvian point is the point on the human skull nearest the Sylvian fissure and is located about 30 millimeters behind the Zygomatic process of frontal bone." [Wikipedia:Sylvian_point]
xref: FMA:49458
is_a: UBERON:0006983  ! anatomical point
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013463
name: temporal fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "The temporal fossa is a shallow depression on the side of the skull bounded by the temporal lines and terminating below the level of the zygomatic arch." [Wikipedia:Temporal_fossa]
xref: FMA:75307
xref: SCTID:137157009
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Fossatemporalis.PNG
xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Fossa
is_a: UBERON:0004704  ! bone fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013466
name: zygomasseteric system
namespace: uberon
def: "The zygomasseteric system (or zygomasseteric structure) in rodents is the anatomical arrangement of the masseter muscle of the jaw and the zygomatic arch of the skull. The anteroposterior or propalinal (front-to-back) motion of the rodent jaw is enabled by an extension of the zygomatic arch and the division of the masseter into three distinct parts. The main types are described as protrogomorphous, sciuromorphous, hystricomorphous, and myomorphous." [Wikipedia:Zygomasseteric_system]
is_obsolete: true
comment: obsoleted as it did not represent a structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013468
name: zygomatic fossa
namespace: uberon
def: "The Zygomatic Fossa is an irregularly shaped cavity, situated below and on the inner side of the zygoma; bounded, in front, by the zygomatic surface of the superior maxillary bone and the ridge which descends from its malar process; behind, by the posterior border of the external pterygoid plate and the eminentia articularis; above, by the pterygoid ridge on the outer surface of the great wing of the sphenoid and the under part of the squamous portion of the temporal; below by the alveolar border of the superior maxilla; internally, by the external pterygoid plate; and externally, by the zygomatic arch ramus of the lower jaw. It contains the lower part of the temporal, the External and Internal pterygoid muscles, the internal maxillary artery and vein, and inferior maxillary nerve and their branches. At its upper and inner part may be observed two fissures, the spheno-maxillary and pterygo-maxillary." [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_fossa]
is_a: UBERON:0008789  ! cranial fossa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002500 ! zygomatic arch

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013469
name: external occipital protuberance
namespace: uberon
def: "Near the middle of the occipital squama is the external occipital protuberance, and extending lateralward from it on either side is the superior nuchal line, and above this the faintly marked highest nuchal line. It is less pronounced in females. The inion is the highest point of the external occipital protuberance. a projection on the external surface of the squamous part of the occipital bone in the midline" [Wikipedia:External_occipital_protuberance]
synonym: "inion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inion]
xref: FMA:75752
xref: SCTID:139582005
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0005913  ! zone of bone organ
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007170 ! squamous part of occipital bone
property_value: external_definition "The external occipital protuberance is a bony prominence occuring on the large area ventral to the external sagittal crest. It functions as the attachment site for the funicular part of the nuchal ligament[MURDOCH:734]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013471
name: retromolar space
namespace: uberon
def: "The retromolar space or retromolar gap is a space at the rear of a mandible, between the back of the last molar and the anterior edge of the ascending ramus where it crosses the alveolar margin.[WP]" [Wikipedia:Retromolar_space]
synonym: "retromolar gap" EXACT [Wikipedia:Retromolar_space]
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible
property_value: taxon_notes "Retromolar gap is found in some Neandertals because they had midfacial prognathism. This caused the lower toothrow to move forward, which led to the retromolar gap.." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013472
name: upper esophagus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "upper third of esophagus" RELATED []
xref: SCTID:276801001
xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Third_of_the_Esophagus
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013473
name: lower esophagus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lower third of esophagus" RELATED []
xref: SCTID:362129001
xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Third_of_the_Esophagus
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013474
name: middle part of esophagus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "middle third of esophagus" RELATED []
xref: SCTID:276802008
xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Third_of_the_Esophagus
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013475
name: gustatory gland
namespace: uberon
def: "A serous salivary gland which resides adjacent to the moats surrounding the circumvallate papillae in the posterior one-third of the tongue, anterior to the terminal sulcus." [Wikipedia:Von_Ebner's_gland]
synonym: "von Ebner gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Von_Ebner's_gland]
synonym: "von Ebner's gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Von_Ebner's_gland]
is_a: UBERON:0000409  ! serous gland
is_a: UBERON:0001044  ! salivary gland
is_a: UBERON:0003409  ! gland of tongue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013476
name: dermal layer of tongue
namespace: uberon
def: "." [PMID:23153189]
synonym: "tongue (dermal layer)" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013478
name: cecal tonsil
namespace: uberon
def: "A thickened round patch of lymphoid tissue located at the ileocecal junction adjacent to the sacculus rotundus." [ISBN:0824754077]
comment: In avians the polycryptic cecal tissue is similar to the mammalian palatine tonsil
synonym: "caecal tonsil" EXACT []
synonym: "cecal GALT" RELATED []
xref: SCTID:14239003
is_a: UBERON:0001962  ! gut-associated lymphoid tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000314 ! cecum mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001961  ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013479
name: lung endothelium
namespace: uberon
def: "A blood vessel endothelium that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition]." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "respiratory endothelium" RELATED [BTO:0004128]
xref: BTO:0004128
xref: CALOHA:TS-0573
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000115  ! lung epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0004702  ! respiratory system blood vessel endothelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung
intersection_of: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013481
name: crypt of Lieberkuhn of ileum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ileal crypt" EXACT []
synonym: "ileal crypt of Lieberkuhn" EXACT []
xref: FMA:269061
is_a: UBERON:0001241  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008344 ! intestinal villus of ileum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001983  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013482
name: crypt of Lieberkuhn of duodenum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "duodenal crypt" EXACT []
synonym: "duodenal crypt of Lieberkuhn" EXACT []
xref: FMA:269063
is_a: UBERON:0001241  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008342 ! intestinal villus of duodenum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001983  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013483
name: crypt of Lieberkuhn of jejunum
namespace: uberon
synonym: "jejunal crypt" EXACT []
synonym: "jejunal crypt of Lieberkuhn" EXACT []
xref: FMA:269065
is_a: UBERON:0001241  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008343 ! intestinal villus of jejunum
intersection_of: UBERON:0001983  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013485
name: crypt of Lieberkuhn of colon
namespace: uberon
synonym: "colonic crypt" EXACT []
synonym: "colonic crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:19447003
is_a: UBERON:0001984  ! crypt of lieberkuhn of large intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon
intersection_of: UBERON:0001983  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013486
name: crypt of Lieberkuhn of appendix
namespace: uberon
synonym: "appendiceal crypt" EXACT []
synonym: "appendiceal crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT []
xref: SCTID:21512007
is_a: UBERON:0013485  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn of colon
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004989 ! mucosa of appendix
intersection_of: UBERON:0001983  ! crypt of Lieberkuhn
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! vermiform appendix

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013487
name: epidermal ridge of digit
namespace: uberon
synonym: "epidermal ridge" RELATED []
synonym: "fingerprint" RELATED []
synonym: "friction ridge" RELATED []
synonym: "plantar print" RELATED [MESH:E05.256]
xref: UMLS:C1516920
xref: ncithesaurus:Epidermal_Ridges
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013488
name: panniculus adiposus
namespace: uberon
def: "The panniculus adiposus is the fatty layer of the subcutaneous tissues, superficial to a deeper vestigial layer of muscle, the panniculus carnosus. An example is the Fascia of Camper. Another example is the superficial cervical fascia[WP]" [Wikipedia:Panniculus_adiposus]
comment: It includes structures that are considered fascia by some sources but not by others.
synonym: "panniculus adiposus group" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002190  ! subcutaneous adipose tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9261

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013489
name: superficial cervical fascia
namespace: uberon
def: "Superficial cervical fascia is a thin layer of subcutaneous connective tissue that lies between the dermis of the skin and the deep cervical fascia. It contains the platysma, cutaneous nerves, blood, and lymphatic vessels. It also contains a varying amount of fat, which is its distinguishing characteristic." [Wikipedia:Superficial_cervical_fascia]
comment: It is considered by some to be a part of the Panniculus adiposus, and not true fascia[WP]
synonym: "superficial cervical fascia" EXACT [FMA:57805]
synonym: "superficial layer of cervical fascia" EXACT [FMA:57805]
synonym: "superficial layer of deep cervical fascia" EXACT [FMA:57805]
xref: FMA:57805
xref: SCTID:175208005
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013488 ! panniculus adiposus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013491 ! cervical fascia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013490
name: deep cervical fascia
namespace: uberon
def: "The deep cervical fascia (or fascia colli in older texts) lies under cover of the Platysma, and invests the neck; it also forms sheaths for the carotid vessels, and for the structures situated in front of the vertebral column. Its attachment to the hyoid bone prevents the formation of a dewlap. The investing portion of the fascia is attached behind to the ligamentum nuchC& and to the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra. The \"alar fascia\" is a portion of deep cervical fascia." [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_fascia]
synonym: "deep cervical fascia" EXACT [FMA:21791]
synonym: "deep fascia of neck" EXACT [FMA:21791]
synonym: "fascia coli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_fascia]
synonym: "fascia colli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_fascia]
synonym: "investing cervical fascia" EXACT [FMA:21791]
synonym: "investing layer of cervical fascia" EXACT [FMA:21791]
xref: FMA:21791
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013491 ! cervical fascia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013491
name: cervical fascia
namespace: uberon
def: "The cervical fascia is fascia found in the region of the neck. It mainly refers to the deep cervical fascia. However, there are other cervical fascia: superficial cervical fascia prevertebral fascia" [Wikipedia:Cervical_fascia]
synonym: "fascia of neck" EXACT []
xref: FMA:76866
xref: SCTID:361906006
xref: Wikipedia:Cervical_fascia
is_a: UBERON:0003568  ! neck connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008982  ! fascia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck
intersection_of: UBERON:0008982  ! fascia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013492
name: prevertebral cervical fascia
namespace: uberon
def: "The prevertebral fascia (or prevertebral layer of cervical fascia) is a fascia in the neck." [Wikipedia:Prevertebral_fascia]
synonym: "lamina prevertebralis (fascia cervicalis)" EXACT [FMA:46560]
synonym: "prevertebral fascia" EXACT [FMA:46560]
synonym: "prevertebral layer" RELATED [Wikipedia:Prevertebral_fascia]
synonym: "prevertebral layer of cervical fascia" EXACT [FMA:46560, Wikipedia:Prevertebral_fascia]
synonym: "prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia" EXACT [FMA:46560]
xref: FMA:46560
xref: SCTID:175407002
is_a: UBERON:0004923  ! organ component layer
relationship: part_of UBERON:0013491 ! cervical fascia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013493
name: abdominal fascia
namespace: uberon
synonym: "endo-abdominopelvic fascia" EXACT [FMA:19841]
synonym: "fascia of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19841]
xref: FMA:19841
xref: SCTID:306708007
is_a: UBERON:0003567  ! abdomen connective tissue
is_a: UBERON:0008982  ! fascia
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen
intersection_of: UBERON:0008982  ! fascia
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013497
name: muscularis orbicularis
namespace: uberon
def: "A fringe of muscle running along the periphery of the panniculus." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: Function notes: Hedgehogs roll into a ball via contraction of this muscle
synonym: "orbicularis" RELATED []
synonym: "orbicularis muscle" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002036  ! striated muscle tissue
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9363

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013498
name: vestibulo-cochlear VIII ganglion complex
namespace: uberon
comment: Editor's note: requires verification
synonym: "vestibular VIII ganglion complex" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004313]
synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion complex" EXACT []
synonym: "vestibulocochlear ganglion complex" EXACT []
xref: EHDAA2:0004313
xref: EMAPA:17570
is_a: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013499
name: glossopharyngeal-vagus IX-X preganglion complex
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:16662
is_a: UBERON:0002050  ! embryonic structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013500
name: glossopharyngeal-vagus IX-X ganglion complex
namespace: uberon
xref: EMAPA:16796
is_a: UBERON:0001714  ! cranial ganglion
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013499 ! glossopharyngeal-vagus IX-X preganglion complex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013501
name: cloacal sphincter
namespace: uberon
synonym: "sphincter cloacae" EXACT PLURAL []
xref: UMLS:C1516658
xref: ncithesaurus:Cloacal_Sphincter
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
intersection_of: UBERON:0004590  ! sphincter muscle
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013502
name: 5th arch mesenchyme
namespace: uberon
synonym: "5th branchial arch mesenchyme" RELATED []
synonym: "5th pharyngeal arch mesenchyme" EXACT [VHOG:0001052]
synonym: "pharyngeal arch 5 mesenchyme" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0009494  ! pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5
intersection_of: UBERON:0003104  ! mesenchyme
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013503
name: caudal vertebra cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
is_a: UBERON:0011094  ! vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013504 ! caudal vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006076 ! caudal region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013504
name: caudal vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0011095  ! vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006076 ! caudal region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013505
name: cervical vertebra cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cervical vertebral cartilage condensation group" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000240]
xref: EHDAA2:0000240
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
is_a: UBERON:0011094  ! vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013506 ! cervical vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013506
name: cervical vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0011095  ! vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013507
name: thoracic vertebra cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "thoracic vertebral cartilage condensation group" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002014]
xref: EHDAA2:0002014
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013508 ! thoracic vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013508
name: thoracic vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013509
name: lumbar vertebra cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lumbar vertebral cartilage condensation group" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001038]
xref: EHDAA2:0001038
is_a: UBERON:0005173  ! abdominal segment organ
is_a: UBERON:0005174  ! back organ
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0011094  ! vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013510 ! lumbar vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013510
name: lumbar vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0005256  ! trunk mesenchyme
is_a: UBERON:0011095  ! vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013512
name: row of feathers
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0011810  ! collection of feathers
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013513
name: anal pterya
namespace: uberon
def: "two row of feathers encircling the cloaca" [http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm]
synonym: "cloacal circlet" RELATED [http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm]
is_a: UBERON:0013512  ! row of feathers
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca
intersection_of: UBERON:0013512  ! row of feathers
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013514
name: space surrounding organism
namespace: uberon
def: "the space that surrounds an organism." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "external to organism" EXACT []
synonym: "outside of body" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013515
name: subdivision of uterine tube
namespace: uberon
synonym: "subdivision of fallopian tube" RELATED [FMA:18302]
synonym: "subdivision of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18302]
synonym: "uterine tube zone" EXACT [FMA:18302]
synonym: "zone of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:18302]
xref: FMA:18302
is_a: UBERON:0005156  ! reproductive structure
is_a: UBERON:0013522  ! subdivision of tube
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013516
name: uterine tube magnum
namespace: uberon
def: "The second segment of the oviduct. This is where most of the egg white is added to the egg as it moves down the duct." [http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm]
synonym: "magnum" BROAD []
synonym: "magnum of oviduct" EXACT []
synonym: "magnum of uterine tube" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0013515  ! subdivision of uterine tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013517
name: coccygeal vertebra cartilaginous condensation
namespace: uberon
synonym: "coccygeal vertebral cartilage condensation group" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000260]
xref: EHDAA2:0000260
is_a: UBERON:0013503  ! caudal vertebra cartilaginous condensation
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0013518 ! coccygeal vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006070 ! coccygeal vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0005863  ! cartilaginous condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0006070 ! coccygeal vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013518
name: coccygeal vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0013504  ! caudal vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006070 ! coccygeal vertebra
intersection_of: UBERON:0005866  ! pre-cartilage condensation
intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0006070 ! coccygeal vertebra

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013519
name: uterine tube isthmus
namespace: uberon
def: "The third segment of the oviduct. At this point in the eggbs journey down the oviduct, the membranes form and calcification starts." [http://caiquesite.com/glossary.htm]
synonym: "isthmus of oviduct" EXACT []
synonym: "isthmus of uterine tube" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0013515  ! subdivision of uterine tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013522
name: subdivision of tube
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000025 ! tube
relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000025 ! tube

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013525
name: stomach lumen
namespace: uberon
synonym: "cavity of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14585]
synonym: "gastric cavity" RELATED [FMA:14585]
xref: FMA:14585
is_a: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
relationship: enclosed_by UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011565 ! lumen of gastrointestinal system
intersection_of: UBERON:0000464  ! anatomical space
intersection_of: enclosed_by UBERON:0000945 ! stomach

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013526
name: otocyst lumen
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lumen of otocyst" EXACT [EMAPA:25363]
xref: EHDAA2:0004121
xref: EMAPA:25363
is_a: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
is_a: UBERON:0007473  ! lumen of epithelial sac
relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006273 ! otic pit
relationship: located_in UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle
intersection_of: UBERON:0002553  ! anatomical cavity
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013527
name: pectoral flipper tubercle
namespace: uberon
def: "A bump or swelling adorining the head and leading edge of a pectoral flipper, associated with the multiple joints and terminal phalanges as found in the multiple phalanges of the humpback whale" []
comment: In a humpback the number of tubercles ranges from 9 to 11, with the first at the joint between the radius and metacarpal of digit II (with digit I absent)
is_a: UBERON:0005813  ! tubercle
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013528
name: Brodmann (1909) area 11
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 11 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain. It is involved in planning, reasoning, and decision making." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_11]
synonym: "B09-11" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1742]
synonym: "Brodmann area 11, prefrontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1742]
synonym: "area 11 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1742]
synonym: "area 11 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68608, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_11]
synonym: "area praefrontalis" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1742]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 11" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1742]
synonym: "medial orbital area" EXACT [FMA:68608]
synonym: "prefrontal area 11" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_11]
xref: FMA:68608
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1742
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013529
name: Brodmann area
namespace: uberon
def: "A Brodmann area is a region of the cerebral cortex defined based on its cytoarchitectonics, or structure and organization of cells." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area]
xref: FMA:68596
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1731
xref: SCTID:384717008
xref: WikipediaCategory:Brodmann_areas
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013531
name: retrosplenial region
namespace: uberon
def: "The retrosplenial region is a brain area and part of the cingulate cortex. It is defined by Brodmann area 26, Brodmann area 29 and the Brodmann area 30." [Wikipedia:Retrosplenial_region]
synonym: "retrosplenial cortex" RELATED [BTO:0003977, Wikipedia:Retrosplenial_region]
xref: BTO:0003977
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003027 ! cingulate cortex
property_value: external_definition "The retrosplenial region is a brain area and part of the cingulate cortex. It is defined by Brodmann area 29 and the Brodmann area 26[BTO:0003977]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013533
name: Brodmann (1909) area 2
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area 2 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68598]
synonym: "Area postcentralis caudalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1733]
synonym: "B09-2" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1733]
synonym: "Brodmann area 2" EXACT [FMA:68598]
synonym: "Brodmann area 2, caudal postcentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1733]
synonym: "Brodmann's area 2" EXACT [FMA:68598]
synonym: "Caudal postcentral area" EXACT [FMA:68598]
synonym: "area 2 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1733]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 2" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1733]
xref: FMA:68598
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1733
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013535
name: Brodmann (1909) area 4
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area 4 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68600]
synonym: "Area gigantopyramidalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1735]
synonym: "B09-4" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1735]
synonym: "Brodmann area 4" EXACT [FMA:68600]
synonym: "Brodmann area 4, gigantopyramidal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1735]
synonym: "Brodmann's area 4" EXACT [FMA:68600]
synonym: "Giant pyramidal area" EXACT [FMA:68600]
synonym: "area 4 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1735]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 4" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1735]
xref: FMA:68600
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1735
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013538
name: Brodmann (1909) area 7
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 7 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain. It is involved in locating objects in space. It serves as a point of convergence between vision and proprioception to determine where objects are in relation to parts of the body." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_7]
synonym: "Area parietalis superior" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1738, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_7]
synonym: "B09-7" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1738]
synonym: "Brodmann area 7" EXACT [FMA:68604]
synonym: "Brodmann area 7, superior parietal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1738]
synonym: "area 7 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1738]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 7" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1738]
xref: FMA:68604
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1738
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013539
name: Brodmann (1909) area 8
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 8 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain. It is involved in planning complex movements." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_8]
synonym: "Area 8 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68605]
synonym: "Area frontalis intermedia" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1739, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_8]
synonym: "B09-8" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1739]
synonym: "Brodmann area 8" EXACT [FMA:68605]
synonym: "Brodmann area 8, intermediate frontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1739]
synonym: "Intermediate frontal area" EXACT [FMA:68605]
synonym: "area 8 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1739]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 8" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1739]
xref: FMA:68605
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1739
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013540
name: Brodmann (1909) area 9
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area 9 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68606]
synonym: "Area frontalis granularis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1740, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_9]
synonym: "B09-9" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1740]
synonym: "Brodmann area 9" EXACT [FMA:68606]
synonym: "Brodmann area 9, granular frontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1740]
synonym: "Granular frontal area" EXACT [FMA:68606]
synonym: "area 9 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1740]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 9" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1740]
xref: FMA:68606
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1740
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013541
name: Brodmann (1909) area 10
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area 10 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68607]
synonym: "Area frontopolaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1741]
synonym: "B09-10" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1741]
synonym: "Brodmann area 10" EXACT [FMA:68607]
synonym: "Brodmann area 10, frontoplar" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1741]
synonym: "Brodmann.10" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1741]
synonym: "Lateral orbital area" EXACT [FMA:68607]
synonym: "area 10 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1741]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 10" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1741]
xref: FMA:68607
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1741
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013543
name: Brodmann (1909) area 12
namespace: uberon
alt_id: UBERON:0013530
def: "Brodmann area 12 is a subdivision of the cerebral cortex of the guenon defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture. It occupies the most rostral portion of the frontal lobe. Brodmann-1909 did not regard it as homologous, either topographically or cytoarchitecturally, to rostral area 12 of the human. Distinctive features (Brodmann-1905): a quite distinct internal granular layer (IV) separates slender pyramidal cells of the external pyramidal layer (III) and the internal pyramidal layer (V); the multiform layer (VI) is expanded, contains widely dispersed spindle cells and merges gradually with the underlying cortical white matter; all cells, including the pyramidal cells of the external and internal pyramidal layers are inordinately small; the internal pyramidal layer (V) also contains spindle cells in groups of two to five located close to its border with the internal granular layer (IV)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_12]
synonym: "Area praefrontalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1743]
synonym: "B09-12" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1743]
synonym: "Brodmann area 12" EXACT [FMA:68609]
synonym: "Brodmann area 12, prefrontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1743]
synonym: "area 12 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1743]
synonym: "area 12 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68609]
synonym: "area praefrontalis" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1743]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 12" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1743]
synonym: "frontopolar area" EXACT [FMA:68609]
xref: FMA:68609
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1743
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013544
name: Brodmann (1909) area 13
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 13 is a subdivision of the cerebral cortex as defined on the guenon monkey and on the basis of cytoarchitecture. Brodmann area 13 is found in humans, however it seems to act as a bridge between the lateral and medial layers of the brain. Thus it is sometimes misidentified as not being a Brodmann area." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_13]
synonym: "B09-13" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1744]
synonym: "Brodmann area 13" EXACT [FMA:68610]
synonym: "area 13 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1744]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 13" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1744]
xref: FMA:68610
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1744
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013545
name: Brodmann (1909) area 14
namespace: uberon
synonym: "B09-14" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1745]
synonym: "Brodmann area 14" EXACT [FMA:68611]
synonym: "area 14 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1745]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 14" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1745]
xref: FMA:68611
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1745
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013546
name: Brodmann (1909) area 15
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann Area 15 is one of Brodmann's subdivisions of the cerebral cortex in the brain. Area 15 was defined by Brodmann in the guenon monkey, but he found no equivalent structure in humans. However, functional imaging experiments have found structures that may be homologous." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_15]
synonym: "B09-15" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1746]
synonym: "Brodmann area 15" EXACT [FMA:68612]
synonym: "area 15 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1746]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 15" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1746]
xref: FMA:68612
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1746
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013547
name: Brodmann (1909) area 16
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 16 is a subdivision of the cerebral cortex of the guenon defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture. It is a relatively undifferentiated cortical area that Brodmann regarded as part of the insula because of the relation of its innermost multiform layer (VI) with the claustrum (VICl). The laminar organization of cortex is almost totally lacking. The molecular layer (I) is wide as in area 15 of Brodmann-1905. The space between layer I and layer VI is composed of a mixture of pyramidal cells and spindle cells with no significant number of granule cells. Pyramidal cells clump in the outer part to form glomeruli similar to those seen in some of the primary olfactory areas (Brodmann-1905). This term also refers to an area known as peripaleocortical claustral - a cytoarchitecturally defined (agranular) portion of the insula at its rostral extreme where it approaches most closely the claustrum and the prepyriform area (Stephan-76)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_16]
synonym: "Area 16 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68613]
synonym: "B09-16" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1747]
synonym: "Brodmann area 16" EXACT [FMA:68613]
synonym: "area 16 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1747]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 16" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1747]
xref: FMA:68613
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1747
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013550
name: Brodmann (1909) area 19
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area 19 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68616]
synonym: "Area peristriata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1750]
synonym: "B09-19" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1750]
synonym: "Brodmann area 19" EXACT [FMA:68616]
synonym: "Brodmann area 19, peristriate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1750]
synonym: "Brodmann's area 19" EXACT [FMA:68616]
synonym: "Preoccipital area" EXACT [FMA:68616]
synonym: "area 19 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1750]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 19" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1750]
xref: FMA:68616
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1750
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013551
name: Brodmann (1909) area 20
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area 20 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68617]
synonym: "Area temporalis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1751]
synonym: "B09-20" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1751]
synonym: "Brodmann area 20" EXACT [FMA:68617]
synonym: "Brodmann area 20, inferior temporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1751]
synonym: "Inferior temporal area" EXACT [FMA:68617]
synonym: "area 20 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1751]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 20" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1751]
xref: FMA:68617
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1751
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013552
name: Brodmann (1909) area 21
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 21, or BA21, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. The region encompasses most of the lateral temporal cortex, a region believed to play a part in auditory processing and language. Language function is left lateralized in most individuals. BA21 is superior to BA20 and inferior to BA40 and BA41. This area is also known as middle temporal area 21. It is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. In the human it corresponds approximately to the middle temporal gyrus. It is bounded rostrally by the temporopolar area 38 (H), ventrally by the inferior temporal area 20, caudally by the occipitotemporal area 37 (H), and dorsally by the superior temporal area 22 (Brodmann-1909). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_21]
synonym: "Area temporalis media" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1752]
synonym: "B09-21" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1752]
synonym: "BA21" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 21" EXACT []
synonym: "Brodmann area 21, middle temporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1752]
synonym: "area 21 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68618]
synonym: "area 21 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1752]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 21" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1752]
xref: FMA:68618
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1752
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004685 ! middle temporal area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013553
name: Brodmann (1909) area 22
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 22 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain. It is involved in auditory processing." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_22]
synonym: "Area 22 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68619]
synonym: "Area temporalis superior" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1753, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_22]
synonym: "B09-22" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1753]
synonym: "Brodmann area 22" EXACT [FMA:68619]
synonym: "Brodmann area 22, superior temporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1753]
synonym: "Superior temporal area" EXACT [FMA:68619]
synonym: "area 22 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1753]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 22" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1753]
xref: FMA:68619
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1753
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013554
name: Brodmann (1909) area 23
namespace: uberon
def: "Brodmann area 23 (BA23) is a region in the brain corresponding to some portion of the posterior cingulate cortex. It lies between Brodmann area 30 and Brodmann area 31 and is located on the medial wall of the cingulate gyrus between the callosal sulcus and the cingulate sulcus." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_23]
synonym: "Area 23 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68620]
synonym: "Area cingularis posterior ventralis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1754, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_23]
synonym: "B09-23" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1754]
synonym: "Brodmann area 23" EXACT [FMA:68620]
synonym: "Brodmann area 23, ventral posterior cingulate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1754]
synonym: "Granular cingulate area" EXACT [FMA:68620]
synonym: "Posterior cingulate area" EXACT [FMA:68620]
synonym: "area 23 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1754]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 23" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1754]
xref: FMA:68620
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1754
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013556
name: Brodmann (1909) area 25
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area 25 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68622]
synonym: "Area subgenualis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1756]
synonym: "B09-25" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1756]
synonym: "Brodmann area 25" EXACT [FMA:68622]
synonym: "Brodmann area 25, subgenual" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1756]
synonym: "Brodmann's area 25" EXACT [FMA:68622]
synonym: "area 25 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1756]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 25" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1756]
xref: FMA:68622
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1756
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013559
name: Brodmann (1909) area 28
namespace: uberon
def: "." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_28]
synonym: "Area entorhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1759]
synonym: "Area entorhinalis ventralis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_28]
synonym: "B09-28" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1759]
synonym: "BA28" EXACT ABBREVIATION []
synonym: "Brodmann area 28" EXACT [FMA:68625]
synonym: "Brodmann area 28, entorhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1759]
synonym: "area 28 of Brodmann" EXACT []
synonym: "area 28 of Brodmann (crosby)" EXACT []
synonym: "area 28 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1759]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 28" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1759]
xref: FMA:68625
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1759
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Brodmann_Cytoarchitectonics_28.png
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002895 ! secondary olfactory cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013560
name: Brodmann (1909) area 32
namespace: uberon
def: "The Brodmann area 32, also known in the human brain as the dorsal anterior cingulate area 32, refers to a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined cingulate region of cerebral cortex. In the human it forms an outer arc around the anterior cingulate gyrus. The cingulate sulcus defines approximately its inner boundary and the superior rostral sulcus (H) its ventral boundary; rostrally it extends almost to the margin of the frontal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24, externally by medial margins of the agranular frontal area 6, intermediate frontal area 8, granular frontal area 9, frontopolar area 10, and prefrontal area 11-1909. (Brodmann19-09). Dorsal region of anterior cingulate gyrus is associated with rational thought processes, most notably active during the Stroop task." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_32]
synonym: "Area 32 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68629]
synonym: "Area cingularis anterior dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1760, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_32]
synonym: "B09-32" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1760]
synonym: "Brodmann area 32" EXACT [FMA:68629]
synonym: "Brodmann area 32, dorsal anterior cingulate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1760]
synonym: "Prelimbic area" EXACT [FMA:68629]
synonym: "area 32 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1760]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 32" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1760]
xref: FMA:68629
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1760
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013561
name: Brodmann (1909) area 43
namespace: uberon
synonym: "Area subcentralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1761]
synonym: "B09-43" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1761]
synonym: "Brodmann area 43" EXACT []
synonym: "Brodmann area 43, subcentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1761]
synonym: "area 43 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1761]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 43" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1761]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1761
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013562
name: Brodmann (1909) area 8a
namespace: uberon
synonym: "B09-8a" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1762]
synonym: "Brodmann area 8a" EXACT []
synonym: "area 8a of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1762]
synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 8a" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1762]
xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1762
is_a: UBERON:0013529  ! Brodmann area

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013581
name: metapodium bone 1
namespace: uberon
synonym: "metapodium 1" EXACT []
synonym: "metapodium I" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003821  ! metapodium bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013582
name: metapodium bone 2
namespace: uberon
synonym: "metapodium 2" EXACT []
synonym: "metapodium II" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003821  ! metapodium bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013583
name: metapodium bone 3
namespace: uberon
synonym: "metapodium 3" EXACT []
synonym: "metapodium III" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003821  ! metapodium bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013584
name: metapodium bone 4
namespace: uberon
synonym: "metapodium 4" EXACT []
synonym: "metapodium IV" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003821  ! metapodium bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013585
name: metapodium bone 5
namespace: uberon
synonym: "metapodium 5" EXACT []
synonym: "metapodium V" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003821  ! metapodium bone

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013586
name: fused metapodial bones 3 and 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An element formed from the fusion of metapodium 3 and metapodium 4 (i.e. either metatarsals 3 and 4 or metacarpals 3 and 4)." [http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7920-5321]
comment: This class can be used in annotation when it is unclear whether the element is a fusion of the metacarpal and metatarsal elements.
synonym: "fused metapodials 3/4" EXACT []
synonym: "metapodial 3+4" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0003821  ! metapodium bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0013583 ! metapodium bone 3
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0013584 ! metapodium bone 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0003821  ! metapodium bone
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0013583 ! metapodium bone 3
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0013584 ! metapodium bone 4
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:91561

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013587
name: fused metacarpal bones 3 and 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An element formed from the fusion of metacarpal 3 and metacarpal 4." [http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7920-5321]
comment: In many artiodactyls, the 3rd & 4th metapodials are fused, creating a main metapodial.
synonym: "fused metacarpal 3/4" EXACT []
synonym: "metacarpal 3+4" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013586  ! fused metapodial bones 3 and 4
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0002374  ! metacarpal bone
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013588
name: fused metatarsal bones 3 and 4
namespace: uberon
def: "An element formed from the fusion of metatarsal 3 and metatarsal 4." [http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7920-5321]
comment: In many artiodactyls, the 3rd & 4th metapodials are fused, creating a main metapodial.
synonym: "fused metatarsal 3/4" EXACT []
synonym: "metatarsal 3+4" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
is_a: UBERON:0013586  ! fused metapodial bones 3 and 4
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4
intersection_of: UBERON:0001448  ! metatarsal bone
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013589
name: koniocortex
namespace: uberon
def: "Regions of the cerebal cortex characterized by a particularly well-developed inner granular layer (layer 4); this type of cerebral cortex is represented by the primary sensory Brodmann area 17 of the visual cortex, Brodmann areas 1b3 of the somatic sensory cortex, and Brodmann area 41 of the auditory cortex." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=47303]
is_a: UBERON:0002619  ! regional part of cerebral cortex
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013590
name: cruciate sulcus
namespace: uberon
def: "a deep groove which runs transversely across the rostro-dorsal surface of the cerebrum and which is one of the landmarks on the cerebral cortex." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cruciate+sulcus]
synonym: "cruciate sulci" EXACT PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0000093  ! sulcus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013598
name: accessory nucleus of optic tract
namespace: uberon
def: "One of a set of small groups of neuron cell bodies located along the trajectory of optic fibers in the mesencephalon. These consist of the posterior nucleus [TA] (nucleus posterior [TA]), medial nucleus [TA] (nucleus medialis [TA]), and lateral nucleus [TA] (nucleus lateralis [TA]), which are also called the posterior, medial, and lateral terminal nuclei. The connections of these nuclei, along with the nucleus of the optic tract, make up the accessory optic system that appears to be concerned with retinal slip in specific directions" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61308]
synonym: "nuclei accessorii tractus optici" EXACT LATIN []
synonym: "nucleus of accessory optic system" EXACT []
xref: FMA:256154
is_a: UBERON:0009661  ! midbrain nucleus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013599
name: dorsal accessory nucleus of optic tract
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal terminal nucleus of accessory optic tract" EXACT []
synonym: "dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract" EXACT [ABA:DT]
synonym: "posterior accessory nucleus of optic tract" EXACT [FMA:77651]
synonym: "posterior terminal nucleus of accessory optic tract" EXACT []
xref: ABA:DT
xref: FMA:77651
is_a: UBERON:0013598  ! accessory nucleus of optic tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013600
name: lateral accessory nucleus of optic tract
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lateral terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract" EXACT [ABA:LT]
xref: ABA:LT
xref: FMA:77652
is_a: UBERON:0013598  ! accessory nucleus of optic tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013601
name: medial accessory nucleus of optic tract
namespace: uberon
comment: The  medial terminal nucleus is usually very prominent but it is reduced in primates (except, curiously, the tarsier), megachiropterans, Cynocephalus and Bradypus.  Metatherians have a large medial terminal nucleus[Pettigrew et al. (1989)]
synonym: "medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract" EXACT [ABA:MT]
xref: ABA:MT
xref: FMA:77653
is_a: UBERON:0013598  ! accessory nucleus of optic tract

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013605
name: layer of lateral geniculate body
namespace: uberon
xref: FMA:76988
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001926 ! lateral geniculate body

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013606
name: magnocellular layer of dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body
namespace: uberon
comment: Rods; necessary for the perception of movement, depth, and small differences in brightness[WP]
synonym: "lateral geniculate nucleus magnocellular layer " EXACT []
synonym: "magnocellular layer of lateral geniculate nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "strata magnocellularia " BROAD []
xref: FMA:76989
is_a: UBERON:0013605  ! layer of lateral geniculate body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002479 ! dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013607
name: parvocellular layer of dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body
namespace: uberon
comment: Cones; long- and medium-wavelength (\"red\" and \"green\" cones); necessary for the perception of color and form (fine details).[WP]
synonym: "parvocellular layer of lateral geniculate nucleus" EXACT []
synonym: "strata parvocellularia " BROAD []
xref: FMA:76992
is_a: UBERON:0013605  ! layer of lateral geniculate body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002479 ! dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013608
name: inferior olive dorsal accessory nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "dorsal accessory nucleus of inferior olivary complex" EXACT []
xref: MA:0001042
is_a: UBERON:0007244  ! inferior olivary nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013609
name: inferior olive medial accessory nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "medial accessory nucleus of inferior olivary complex" EXACT []
xref: MA:0001044
is_a: UBERON:0007244  ! inferior olivary nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013610
name: inferior olive ventral accessory nucleus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "ventral accessory nucleus of inferior olivary complex" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0007244  ! inferior olivary nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013612
name: tooth cingulid
namespace: uberon
def: "A ridge that girdles the base of a lower molar tooth" [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cingulid]
synonym: "cingulid" BROAD []
synonym: "cingulid of molar tooth" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010313  ! neural crest-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003667 ! lower jaw molar

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013613
name: tooth cingulum
namespace: uberon
def: "A ridge that girdles the base of a upper molar tooth" [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cingulum]
synonym: "cingulum" BROAD []
synonym: "cingulum of molar tooth" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0000063  ! organ segment
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003666 ! upper jaw molar

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013614
name: fasciculus aberans
namespace: uberon
def: "The fasciulus aberrans is a distinct bundle of fibers at the dorsal aspect of the anterior commisure.  These fibers travel in the internal capsule between the putamen and caudate nuclei, and cross the midline to connect the dorsal neocortex of the two hemispheres.  When the fasciculus aberrans is absent, the fibers connecting the neocortex of the two hemispheres takes a diffderent route through the external capsule[Johnson et al., (1982a, 1982b, 1994)]" [MorphoBank:177]
is_a: UBERON:0002473  ! intercerebral commissure
is_a: UBERON:0005838  ! fasciculus of brain

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013615
name: koniocellular layer of dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body
namespace: uberon
comment: Short-wavelength \"blue\" cones.[WP]
synonym: "konioocellular layer of lateral geniculate nucleus" EXACT []
xref: FMA:76988
is_a: UBERON:0013605  ! layer of lateral geniculate body
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002479 ! dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013616
name: primary molar tooth
namespace: uberon
comment: todo - logical definition
synonym: "deciduous molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:84206]
synonym: "primary molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:84206]
synonym: "temporary molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:84206]
xref: FMA:84206
is_a: UBERON:0003655  ! molar tooth
is_a: UBERON:0007115  ! deciduous tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition
intersection_of: UBERON:0003655  ! molar tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013617
name: upper primary molar tooth
namespace: uberon
synonym: "upper deciduous molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:84210]
synonym: "upper primary molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:84210]
xref: FMA:84210
xref: SCTID:422318005
is_a: UBERON:0003666  ! upper jaw molar
is_a: UBERON:0013616  ! primary molar tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0013616  ! primary molar tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013618
name: secondary molar tooth
namespace: uberon
synonym: "permanent molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:84207]
synonym: "secondary molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:84207]
xref: FMA:84207
xref: SCTID:421593002
is_a: UBERON:0003655  ! molar tooth
is_a: UBERON:0007775  ! secondary tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007774 ! secondary dentition
intersection_of: UBERON:0003655  ! molar tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007774 ! secondary dentition

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013619
name: upper secondary molar tooth
namespace: uberon
synonym: "maxillary secondary molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:55720]
synonym: "upper permanent molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:55720]
synonym: "upper secondary molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:55720]
xref: FMA:55720
is_a: UBERON:0003666  ! upper jaw molar
is_a: UBERON:0013618  ! secondary molar tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0013618  ! secondary molar tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013620
name: lower primary molar tooth
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lower deciduous molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:84213]
xref: FMA:84213
xref: SCTID:421482001
is_a: UBERON:0003667  ! lower jaw molar
is_a: UBERON:0013616  ! primary molar tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0013616  ! primary molar tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013621
name: lower secondary molar tooth
namespace: uberon
synonym: "lower permanent molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:55721]
synonym: "mandibular secondary molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:55721]
xref: FMA:55721
is_a: UBERON:0003667  ! lower jaw molar
is_a: UBERON:0013618  ! secondary molar tooth
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region
intersection_of: UBERON:0013618  ! secondary molar tooth
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013622
name: manual autopod pad
namespace: uberon
synonym: "foot pad of manus" RELATED []
synonym: "manual foot pad" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001519  ! skin of manus
is_a: UBERON:0012348  ! autopod pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus
intersection_of: UBERON:0012348  ! autopod pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013623
name: pedal autopod pad
namespace: uberon
synonym: "foot pad of pes" RELATED []
synonym: "pedal foot pad" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001513  ! skin of pes
is_a: UBERON:0012348  ! autopod pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes
intersection_of: UBERON:0012348  ! autopod pad
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013626
name: medial metatarsal pad
namespace: uberon
synonym: "thenar pad" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0008840  ! plantar pad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013627
name: lateral metatarsal pad
namespace: uberon
synonym: "hypothenar pad" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0008840  ! plantar pad

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013628
name: pollical pad
namespace: uberon
synonym: "interdigital pad 1 of manus" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003533  ! manual digit skin
is_a: UBERON:0012349  ! digital pad
is_a: UBERON:0013622  ! manual autopod pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013629
name: hallical pad
namespace: uberon
synonym: "interdigital pad 1 of pes" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0003530  ! pedal digit skin
is_a: UBERON:0012349  ! digital pad
is_a: UBERON:0013623  ! pedal autopod pad
relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013630
name: short bone
namespace: uberon
def: "Short bones are designated as those bones that are as wide as they are long. Their primary function is to provide support and stability with little to no movement. They are one of five types of bones: long, short, flat, irregular and sesamoid. Examples of these bones include the tarsals in the foot and the carpals in the hand." [Wikipedia:Short_bone]
comment: todo - make subclass links
xref: FMA:7475
xref: SCTID:332807009
is_a: UBERON:0001474  ! bone element

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013631
name: sesamoid element
namespace: uberon
def: "Ossicle that develops within bands of dense, regular connective tissue (e.g., tendons and ligaments). Sesamoids are generally located proximate to a bony prominence, over which the dense regular connective tissue wraps, and/or a joint or articulation." [VSAO:0000137]
comment: Sesamoids are often endochondral replacement elements and in addition to bone tissue, may also be composed of articular cartilage, fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, and calcified cartilage.
synonym: "sesamoid" EXACT [VSAO:0000137]
xref: VSAO:0000137
is_a: UBERON:0010911  ! ossicle
relationship: develops_in UBERON:0007846 ! dense regular connective tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013632
name: sesamoid cartilage
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0013631  ! sesamoid element
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue
intersection_of: UBERON:0013631  ! sesamoid element
intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013633
name: intertrochanteric crest
namespace: uberon
def: "The intertrochanteric crest is a bony ridge located on the posterior side of the head of the femur, stretching obliquely downward and medially from the summit of the greater trochanter to the lesser trochanter. Together with the intertrochanteric line on the anterior side of the head, the crest mark the transition between of the neck of femur into the shaft of femur. An elevation between the middle and proximal third of the crest is known as the quadrate tubercle. The upper half of the crest forms the posterior border of the greater trochanter. The distal capsular attachment on the femur follows the shape of the irregular rim between the head and the neck. As a consequence, the capsule of the hip joint attaches in the region of the intertrochanteric line on the anterior side, but a finger away from the intertrochanteric crest on the posterior side of the head." [Wikipedia:Intertrochanteric_crest]
xref: FMA:75100
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: connects UBERON:0002503 ! greater trochanter
relationship: connects UBERON:0002504 ! lesser trochanter
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013634
name: intertrochanteric line
namespace: uberon
def: "The intertrochanteric line (or spiral line of the femur) is a line located on the anterior side of the proximal end of the femur. The rough, variable ridge stretches between the lesser trochanter and the greater trochanter forming the base of the neck of the femur, roughly following the direction of the shaft of the femur. The iliofemoral ligament &mdash; the largest ligament of the human body &mdash; attaches above the line which also strengthen the capsule of the hip joint. The lower half, less prominent than the upper half, gives origin to the upper part of the Vastus medialis. Just like the intertrochanteric crest on the posterior side of the femural head, the intertrochanteric line mark the transition between the femural neck and shaft. The distal capsular attachment on the femur follows the shape of the irregular rim between the head and the neck. As a consequence, the capsule of the hip joint attaches in the region of the intertrochanteric line on the anterior side, but a finger away from the intertrochanteric crest on the posterior side of the head. The fibers of the ischiocapsular ligament attaches both on the joint capsule and to the intertrochanteric line." [Wikipedia:Intertrochanteric_line]
xref: FMA:74587
is_a: UBERON:0006800  ! anatomical line
relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013635
name: sphincter colli muscle
namespace: uberon
comment: The m. sphincter in the head region can be divided into 2 layers: M. sphincter colli profundus and superficialis; in studied placentals, the deepest layer has circular fibers, while the superficial layer has oblique and longitudinal fibers. In non-mammalian vertebrates  (if differenciated) and in monotremes both the superficialis and the profundus layers are circular (\"sphincter\") muscles (Shumacher, 1956; Saban, 1971). ^n^nM. sphincter colli superficialis is present in Lagomorpha but absent in Rodentia (Meinertz, 1941, 1942; Ryan, 1989; Rinker, 1954). Some errouneous references of this muscle in rodents (e.g., Bezuidenhout and Evans, 2005) are due to decussating fibers of the deep sphincter, which creates a false superficial sphincter (Ryan, 1989).[MorphoBank]
synonym: "sphincter colli" EXACT []
is_a: UBERON:0002377  ! muscle of neck

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013636
name: epithelium of intestinal villus
namespace: uberon
synonym: "intestinal villus epithelium" EXACT [FMA:63587]
synonym: "villous epithelium" RELATED []
synonym: "villus epithelium" RELATED []
xref: FMA:63587
is_a: UBERON:0001902  ! epithelium of small intestine
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001213 ! intestinal villus
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001902 ! epithelium of small intestine
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001213 ! intestinal villus

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013638
name: horny papilla of tongue
namespace: uberon
comment: In carnivores, functions to hold on to meat as it is being cut by the teeth
synonym: "horny papilla" EXACT []
synonym: "horny papillae" RELATED PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0001726  ! papilla of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013639
name: mechanical papilla of tongue
namespace: uberon
synonym: "mechanical papilla" EXACT []
synonym: "mechanical papillae" RELATED PLURAL []
is_a: UBERON:0001726  ! papilla of tongue

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013642
name: ring of oral cilia
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0000062  ! organ
relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0012473 ! oral cirrus
relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013643
name: lophophore
namespace: uberon
def: "A ring of ciliated tentacles surrounding the mouth" [Wikipedia:Lophophore]
comment: In the Entoprocta the anus is within the ring of the lophophore
is_a: UBERON:0013642  ! ring of oral cilia

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013644
name: duodenal ampulla
namespace: uberon
def: "the very first part of the duodenum which is slightly dilated." [Wikipedia:Duodenal_cap]
synonym: "ampulla (duodenum)" EXACT [FMA:14927]
synonym: "ampulla duodeni" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "ampulla of duodenum" EXACT [FMA:14927]
synonym: "bulbus (duodenum)" EXACT [FMA:14927]
synonym: "bulbus duodeni" EXACT [FMA:TA]
synonym: "duodenal cap" EXACT [FMA:14927]
synonym: "duodenal cap viewed radiologically" EXACT [FMA:14927]
xref: FMA:14927
xref: SCTID:362149005
is_a: UBERON:0004921  ! subdivision of digestive tract
relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000945 ! stomach
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013645
name: gular gland
namespace: uberon
is_a: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
relationship: part_of UBERON:0011154 ! gular region
intersection_of: UBERON:0002530  ! gland
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011154 ! gular region

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013646
name: buccal nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "The buccal nerve (also called the long buccal nerve) is a nerve in the face. It is a branch of the mandibular nerve (which is itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve) and transmits sensory information from skin over the buccal membrane (in general, the cheek) and from the second and third molar teeth." [Wikipedia:Buccal_nerve]
synonym: "buccinator branch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Buccal_nerve]
synonym: "buccinator nerve" EXACT [FMA:53066]
synonym: "long buccal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53066, Wikipedia:Buccal_nerve]
xref: FMA:53066
xref: SCTID:280253000
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013647
name: lateral pterygoid nerve
namespace: uberon
def: "External Pterygoid Nerve (or lateral pterygoid nerve): The nerve to the Pterygoideus externus frequently arises in conjunction with the buccinator nerve, but it may be given off separately from the anterior division of the mandibular nerve. It enters the deep surface of the muscle." [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_nerve]
synonym: "branch of buccal nerve to lateral pterygoid" EXACT [FMA:53107]
synonym: "external pterygoid nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_nerve]
synonym: "nerve to lateral pterygoid" EXACT [FMA:53107]
synonym: "nervus pterygoideus lateralis" EXACT [FMA:TA]
xref: FMA:53107
xref: SCTID:48852002
is_a: UBERON:0001021  ! nerve
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0013646 ! buccal nerve

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013648
name: masseteric artery
namespace: uberon
def: "The masseteric artery is small and passes laterally through the mandibular notch to the deep surface of the masseter muscle, which it supplies. It anastomoses with the masseteric branches of the external maxillary artery and with the transverse facial artery." [Wikipedia:Masseteric_artery]
synonym: "arteria masseterica" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Masseteric_artery]
xref: FMA:49739
xref: SCTID:147864007
xref: UMLS:C0226149
xref: ncithesaurus:Masseteric_Artery
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
is_a: UBERON:0005911  ! endo-epithelium
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001616 ! maxillary artery
relationship: supplies UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle
intersection_of: UBERON:0001637  ! artery
intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle

[Term]
id: UBERON:0013649
name: fused tarsals 1 and 2
namespace: uberon
def: "A tarsal bone that is formed from the fusion of the 1st and 2nd tarsal bones." [UBERON:skansa]
synonym: "fused tarsal bones 1 and 2" EXACT []
synonym: "tarsals 1+2" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001452 ! distal tarsal bone 1
relationship: has_fused_element UBERON:0001453 ! distal tarsal bone 2
intersection_of: UBERON:0001447  ! tarsal bone
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0001452 ! distal tarsal bone 1
intersection_of: has_fused_element UBERON:0001453 ! distal tarsal bone 2
property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9788

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000000
name: chin ventral margin
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the area along the lower edge of the chin." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0010314  ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008199 ! chin

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000002
name: cranial midline area
namespace: uberon
def: "The middle part of the head, located approximately equidistant from the left and the right sides of the head." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
synonym: "cranial midline" RELATED []
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000003
name: dewlap
namespace: uberon
def: "A longitudinal flap of skin that hangs beneath the lower jaw or neck." [Wikipedia:Dewlap]
comment: Compare with: comb and wattle
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
xref: SCTID:13622004
is_a: UBERON:1000021  ! skin of face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000005
name: external ear margin
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the area along the edge of the external ear." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000007
name: forehead protuberance
namespace: uberon
def: "A bulge, knob, or swelling that protrudes from the forehead." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0008200 ! forehead

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000008
name: left part of face
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the left half of the face, vertically divided." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000009
name: midline crest
namespace: uberon
def: "A ridge or peak located along the middle part of the head, located approximately equidistant from the left and the right sides of the head." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000010
name: mole
namespace: uberon
def: "A benign tumor on the skin, usually with darker pigment." [Wikipedia:Melanocytic_nevus]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
synonym: "melanocytic nevus" RELATED []
synonym: "naevus" EXACT [ZFA:0005043]
synonym: "nevus" EXACT [ZFA:0005043]
xref: EFO:0000625
xref: TAO:0005043
xref: ZFA:0005043
is_a: UBERON:0000479  ! tissue
is_a: UBERON:0004120  ! mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis
property_value: external_definition "An ectopic melanophore accumulation analogous to a nevi (mole) in humans.[TAO]" xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000011
name: labial commissure
namespace: uberon
def: "Anatomical structure consisting of either corner of the mouth." [Wikipedia:Labial_commissure_of_mouth]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
synonym: "commissura labiorum oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Labial_commissure_of_mouth]
synonym: "corner of mouth" RELATED []
xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Commissurebeforeandafter.jpg
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
is_a: UBERON:0004119  ! endoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000012
name: nose anterior margin
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the area along the front edge of the external nose." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007827 ! external nose

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000013
name: nose vertex
namespace: uberon
def: "The extreme point of curvature of the external nose." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
is_a: UBERON:0004121  ! ectoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0007827 ! external nose

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000014
name: right part of face
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the right half of the face, vertically divided." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000015
name: skin of snout
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of the snout." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:1000021  ! skin of face
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006333 ! snout
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006333 ! snout

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000016
name: tip of snout
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the pointed or rounded end or extremity of the snout." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0006333 ! snout

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000017
name: tip of external ear
namespace: uberon
def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the pointed or rounded end or extremity of the external ear." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000019
name: top of head
namespace: uberon
def: "The top of the head." [UBERON:EJS]
comment: note in the FMA, vertex is a point and not a subdivision
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
synonym: "vertex" RELATED [FMA:46484]
synonym: "vertex of head" EXACT [FMA:46484]
xref: FMA:46484
xref: SCTID:362616002
is_a: UBERON:0001444  ! subdivision of head

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000021
name: skin of face
namespace: uberon
def: "A zone of skin that is part of the face." [UBERON:EJS]
subset: phenotype_rcn  ! A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA
synonym: "face skin" EXACT [FMA:24758]
synonym: "facial skin" RELATED []
xref: FMA:24758
xref: SCTID:361703006
xref: UMLS:C0222084
xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Face
is_a: UBERON:0001084  ! skin of head
relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face
intersection_of: UBERON:0000014  ! zone of skin
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000023
name: spleen pulp
namespace: uberon
synonym: "malpighian corpuscles" EXACT [FMA:15845]
synonym: "pulp of spleen" EXACT []
synonym: "splenic pulp" EXACT []
xref: FMA:15845
xref: MA:0002487
xref: SCTID:13515001
xref: UMLS:C0229691
xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Pulp
is_a: UBERON:0000064  ! organ part
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
relationship: part_of UBERON:1000024 ! parenchyma of spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:1000024
name: parenchyma of spleen
namespace: uberon
def: "A parenchyma that is part of a spleen." [OBOL:automatic]
synonym: "splenic parenchyma" EXACT [FMA:16029]
xref: FMA:16029
is_a: UBERON:0000077  ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
is_a: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen
intersection_of: UBERON:0000353  ! parenchyma
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen

[Term]
id: UBERON:2001269
name: regenerating fin/limb
namespace: uberon
def: "Fin or limb undergoing the process of regeneration." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "regenerating fins" NARROW PLURAL [ZFA:0001269]
xref: EFO:0003657
xref: TAO:0001269
xref: ZFA:0001269
is_a: UBERON:0004708  ! limb/fin
is_a: UBERON:0007567  ! regenerating anatomical structure

[Term]
id: UBERON:2001388
name: epithelial mesenchymal boundary of regenerating fin/limb
namespace: uberon
xref: TAO:0001388
xref: ZFA:0001388
is_a: UBERON:0012437  ! epithelial-mesenchymal boundary
relationship: part_of UBERON:2001269 ! regenerating fin/limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0012437  ! epithelial-mesenchymal boundary
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:2001269 ! regenerating fin/limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:2001389
name: regeneration epithelium of fin/limb
namespace: uberon
synonym: "epidermal cap" BROAD [ZFA:0001389]
synonym: "epidermal cap of fin" EXACT []
synonym: "wound epidermis" BROAD [ZFA:0001389]
synonym: "wound epidermis of fin" EXACT []
synonym: "wound epithelium" BROAD [ZFA:0001389]
synonym: "wound epithelium of fin" EXACT []
xref: EFO:0003682
xref: TAO:0001389
xref: ZFA:0001389
is_a: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
relationship: part_of UBERON:2001269 ! regenerating fin/limb
intersection_of: UBERON:0000483  ! epithelium
intersection_of: part_of UBERON:2001269 ! regenerating fin/limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:2005149
name: distal epidermal cap of regenerating fin/limb
namespace: uberon
def: "Part of regeneration epithelium at the tip of the fin/limb [ZFA,modified]." [ZFIN:curator]
xref: TAO:0005149
xref: ZFA:0005149
is_a: UBERON:0007567  ! regenerating anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:2001389 ! regeneration epithelium of fin/limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:2005150
name: basal regeneration epithelium of regenerating fin/limb
namespace: uberon
def: "Layer of the wound epidermis that surrounds the blastema in the fin or limb[ZFA,modified]." [ZFIN:curator]
synonym: "basal wound epidermis" EXACT [UBERON:2005150]
xref: TAO:0005150
xref: ZFA:0005150
is_a: UBERON:0007567  ! regenerating anatomical structure
relationship: part_of UBERON:2001389 ! regeneration epithelium of fin/limb

[Term]
id: UBERON:2005259
name: continuous capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "Capillary that has endothelial cells that provide an uninterrupted lining, and only allow small molecules, like water and ions to diffuse through tight junctions which leave gaps of unjoined membrane which are called intercellular clefts." [Wikipedia:Capillary#Types]
synonym: "continuous blood vessel endothelium" BROAD [ZFA:0005259]
synonym: "continuous capillary vessel" EXACT [FMA:63195]
synonym: "continuous endothelium" BROAD []
xref: FMA:63195
xref: TAO:0005259
xref: UMLS:C1179614
xref: ZFA:0005259
xref: ncithesaurus:Continuous_Capillary
is_a: UBERON:0001982  ! capillary
is_a: UBERON:0003915  ! endothelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
property_value: external_definition "Blood vessel endothelium that has tight junctions between the endothelial cells[ZFA]." xsd:string

[Term]
id: UBERON:2005260
name: fenestrated capillary
namespace: uberon
def: "Capillary that has pores in the endothelial cells (60-80 nm in diameter) that are spanned by a diaphragm of radially oriented fibrils and allow small molecules and limited amounts of protein to diffuse" [Wikipedia:Capillary#Types, Wikipedia:Fenestra_(histology)]
comment: Editor notes: the ZFA class from which this was derived is not explicitly classified as a capillary - need to verify for taxon histology differences
synonym: "fenestrated blood vessel endothelium" BROAD [ZFA:0005260]
xref: FMA:63196
xref: TAO:0005260
xref: UMLS:C1179615
xref: ZFA:0005260
xref: ncithesaurus:Fenestrated_Capillary
is_a: UBERON:0001982  ! capillary
is_a: UBERON:0003915  ! endothelial tube
is_a: UBERON:0004638  ! blood vessel endothelium
property_value: external_definition "Blood vessel endothelium that has pores that allow passage small molecules and proteins[ZFA]." xsd:string

[Typedef]
id: adjacent_to
name: adjacent_to
namespace: uberon
def: "x adjacent_to y iff: x and y share a boundary" []
is_symmetric: true
xref: RO:0002220

[Typedef]
id: anterior_part_of
name: anterior_part_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X anterior_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the anterior boundary of Y" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001104
is_a: in_anterior_side_of  ! in_anterior_side_of
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: anterior_to
name: anterior_to
namespace: uberon
def: "x anterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail: bearer" [BSPO:cjm]
is_transitive: true
xref: BSPO:0000096

[Typedef]
id: anteriorly_connected_to
name: anteriorly connected to
namespace: uberon
def: "x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y." [UBERONREF:0000004]
is_a: connected_to  ! connected to
is_a: posterior_to  ! posterior_to
is_a: transitively_anteriorly_connected_to  ! transitively anteriorly connected to

[Typedef]
id: appendage_segment_number
name: appendage segment number
namespace: uberon
def: "x appendage_segment_number N if and only if (i) x is a appendage_segment, and (ii) x is appendage_segment number N in a series of appendage_segments repeated along an proximo-distal axis, with appendage_segment_number 1 being the proximalmost appendage_segment (in tetrapods this would be the stylopod, as we do not classify girdles as appendage segments)." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: Examples: in dropsphila coxa=1, trochanter=2, femur=3, tibia=4, tarsal segments 1-5=5-9, pretarsus=10
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0010758
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000100

[Typedef]
id: attaches_to
name: attaches_to
namespace: uberon
alt_id: FMA:85990
is_a: connects  ! connects

[Typedef]
id: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology
name: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology
namespace: uberon
def: "A textual description of an axiom loss in this ontology compared to an external ontology." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO
xref: UBPROP:0000002

[Typedef]
id: branch_of
name: branch_of
namespace: uberon
alt_id: FMA:85994
comment: Source: FMA. Editor note: we need to check if FMA branch_of implies part_of. the relation we intend to use here should - for example, see vestibulocochlear nerve
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: capable_of
name: capable_of
namespace: uberon
xref: RO:0002215

[Typedef]
id: channel_for
name: channel for
namespace: uberon
synonym: "carries" BROAD []

[Typedef]
id: channels_from
name: channels_from
namespace: uberon
is_transitive: true

[Typedef]
id: channels_into
name: channels_into
namespace: uberon
is_transitive: true

[Typedef]
id: composed_primarily_of
name: composed_primarily_of
namespace: uberon
def: "x composed_primarily_of y iff: more than half of the mass of x is made from parts of y" []
xref: UBREL:0000002
is_a: has_part  ! has_part

[Typedef]
id: confers_advantage_in
name: confers_advantage_in
namespace: uberon
comment: An experimental relation currently used to connect an anatomical structure to a habitat or environment to which that structure is well suited, adapted or provides an advantage for the organism. For example, fins to an aquatic environment. Usually this will mean that the structure is adapted for this environment, but we avoid saying this directly - primitive forms of the structure may not have evolved specifically for that environment (for example, early wings were not necessarily adapted for an aerial environment). Note also that this is a statement about the general class of structures - not every instance of a limb need confer an advantage for a terrestrial environment, e.g. if the limb is vestigial.
synonym: "adapted_for" NARROW []

[Typedef]
id: connected_to
name: connected to
namespace: uberon
def: "Binary relationship: x connected_to y if and only if there exists some z such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship." [UBERONREF:0000004]
comment: Connection does not imply overlaps.
xref: UBREL:0000001
is_a: transitively_connected_to  ! transitively_connected to
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000004
property_value: seeAlso SIO:000652

[Typedef]
id: connects
name: connects
namespace: uberon
def: "Binary relationship: z connects x if and only if there exists some y such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship." [UBERONREF:0000004]
comment: Editors note: this is currently used for both structural relationships (such as between a valve and the chamber it connects) and abstract relationships (anatomical lines and the entities they connect)

[Typedef]
id: contains
name: contains
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: continuous_with
name: continuous_with
namespace: uberon
comment: sourced from FMA
xref: FMA:85972

[Typedef]
id: dc-contributor
name: contributor
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: dc:contributor

[Typedef]
id: dc-creator
name: creator
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: dc:creator

[Typedef]
id: dc-description
name: description
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: dc:description

[Typedef]
id: dc-publisher
name: publisher
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: dc:publisher

[Typedef]
id: dc-source
name: derived from resource
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: dc:source

[Typedef]
id: dc-title
name: title
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: dc:title

[Typedef]
id: dcterms-isReferencedBy
name: is referenced by
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: dcterms:isReferencedBy

[Typedef]
id: deep_to
name: deep_to
namespace: uberon
def: "Further away from the surface of the organism. Thus, the muscular layer is deep to the skin, but superficial to the intestines." [BSPO:cjm]
is_transitive: true
xref: BSPO:0000107

[Typedef]
id: dental_formula
name: dental formula
namespace: uberon
def: "Syntax: upper/lower = I.C.P.M / I.C.P.M. When used with generic tooth class applies to both deciduous and primary. Should also be used with a taxon property." [Wikipedia:Dentition#Dental_formula]
is_metadata_tag: true

[Typedef]
id: developmentally_contributes_to
name: developmentally_contributes_to
namespace: uberon
xref: RO:0002255
holds_over_chain: develops_into part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: developmentally_replaces
name: developmentally_replaces
namespace: uberon
xref: RO:0002285

[Typedef]
id: develops_from
name: develops_from
namespace: uberon
is_transitive: true
xref: RO:0002202
is_a: has_developmental_contribution_from  ! has developmental contribution from
transitive_over: part_of  ! part_of
holds_over_chain: part_of develops_from  ! develops_from

[Typedef]
id: develops_from_part_of
name: develops_from_part_of
namespace: uberon
xref: RO:0002225
is_a: develops_from  ! develops_from
holds_over_chain: directly_develops_from part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: develops_in
name: develops_in
namespace: uberon
def: "x develops_in y if x is located in x whilst x is developing." []
xref: RO:0002226

[Typedef]
id: develops_into
name: develops_into
namespace: uberon
inverse_of: develops_from  ! develops_from
xref: RO:0002203

[Typedef]
id: directly_develops_from
name: directly_develops_from
namespace: uberon
xref: RO:0002207

[Typedef]
id: distal_part_of
name: distal_part_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X distal_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the distal boundary of Y" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001108
is_a: in_distal_side_of  ! in_distal_side_of
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: distal_to
name: distal_to
namespace: uberon
def: "x distal_to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal)." [BSPO:cjm]
xref: BSPO:0000097

[Typedef]
id: distally_connected_to
name: distally connected to
namespace: uberon
def: "x distally_connected_to y iff the distal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x proximal_to y." [UBERONREF:0000004]
inverse_of: proximally_connected_to  ! proximally connected to
is_a: connected_to  ! connected to
is_a: proximal_to  ! proximal_to
is_a: transitively_distally_connected_to  ! transitively distally connected to

[Typedef]
id: doap-GitRepository
name: Git repository
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: http://usefulinc.com/ns/doap#GitRepository

[Typedef]
id: doap-SVNRepository
name: SVN repository
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: http://usefulinc.com/ns/doap#SVNRepository

[Typedef]
id: doap-bug-database
name: bug database
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: http://usefulinc.com/ns/doap#bug-database

[Typedef]
id: doap-wiki
name: wiki
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: http://usefulinc.com/ns/doap#wiki

[Typedef]
id: dorsal_part_of
name: dorsal_part_of
namespace: uberon
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001111
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: dorsal_to
name: dorsal_to
namespace: uberon
def: "x dorsal_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly)." [BSPO:cjm]
is_transitive: true
inverse_of: ventral_to  ! ventral_to
xref: BSPO:0000098

[Typedef]
id: drains
name: drains
namespace: uberon
comment: source: Wikipedia
synonym: "drains blood from" EXACT []
synonym: "drains from" EXACT []
is_a: connected_to  ! connected to

[Typedef]
id: dubious_for_taxon
name: dubious_for_taxon
namespace: uberon
def: "S dubious_for_taxon T if it is probably the case that no instances of S can be found in any instance of T." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
is_class_level: true
comment: this relation lacks a strong logical interpretation, but can be used in place of never_in_taxon where it is desirable to state that the definition of the class is too strict for the taxon under consideration, but placing a never_in_taxon link would result in a chain of inconsistencies that will take time to resolve. Example: metencephalon in teleost

[Typedef]
id: enclosed_by
name: enclosed_by
namespace: uberon
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: encloses
name: encloses
namespace: uberon
def: "x encloses y iff the convex hull formed by x contains all or the majority of y." [UBERON:cjm]

[Typedef]
id: example_of_usage
name: example of usage
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: IAO:0000122

[Typedef]
id: existence_ends_at
name: existence_ends_at
namespace: uberon
def: "c existence_ends_at e iff c exists_at e and not ( exists e2 : c exists_at e2 and e before e2)." [UBERON:cjm]

[Typedef]
id: existence_ends_before
name: existence_ends_before
namespace: uberon
def: "Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist before s." [UBERON:cjm]

[Typedef]
id: existence_ends_during
name: existence_ends_during
namespace: uberon
def: "Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: todo - add full axioms to bfo
synonym: "ceases_to_exist_during" EXACT []
xref: BFO:0000069
transitive_over: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: existence_ends_with
name: existence_ends_with
namespace: uberon
def: "Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c ceases to exist at the end of p." [UBERON:cjm]

[Typedef]
id: existence_starts_after
name: existence_starts_after
namespace: uberon
def: "Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c comes into existing after some s has completed." [UBERON:cjm]
comment: disjoint_from existence_starts_during (but this cannot be expressed in OWL2)
holds_over_chain: existence_starts_during preceded_by  ! preceded_by

[Typedef]
id: existence_starts_and_ends_during
name: existence_starts_and_ends_during
namespace: uberon
is_a: existence_ends_during  ! existence_ends_during
is_a: existence_starts_during  ! existence_starts_during

[Typedef]
id: existence_starts_at
name: existence_starts_at
namespace: uberon
def: "c existence_starts_at e iff c exists_at e and not ( exists e2 : c exists_at e2 and e2 before e)" [UBERON:cjm]

[Typedef]
id: existence_starts_during
name: existence_starts_during
namespace: uberon
def: "Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c comes into existing during some s." [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "begins_to_exist_during" EXACT []
xref: BFO:0000068
transitive_over: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: existence_starts_or_ends_during
name: existence_starts_or_ends_during
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: existence_starts_with
name: existence_starts_with
namespace: uberon
def: "Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c comes into existence at the start of p." [UBERON:cjm]
holds_over_chain: existence_starts_at start_of  ! start_of

[Typedef]
id: exists_during
name: exists_during
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: external_comment
name: external_comment
namespace: uberon
def: "An alternate comment for a class taken unmodified from an external source. Note that obo format only allows a single comment for a class, and does not provide a structured means of adding provenance info." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO
xref: UBPROP:0000005

[Typedef]
id: external_definition
name: external_definition
namespace: uberon
def: "An alternate textual definition for a class taken unmodified from an external source. This definition may have been used to derive a generalized definition for the new class." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO
xref: UBPROP:0000001

[Typedef]
id: finishes
name: finishes
namespace: uberon
def: "Relation between occurrents, shares an end boundary with." [Allen:starts, UBERON:cjm, ZFS:finishes]
synonym: "ends" EXACT [RO:0002229]
xref: RO:0002229
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: foaf-depicted_by
name: depicted_by
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/depicted_by

[Typedef]
id: foaf-homepage
name: homepage
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage

[Typedef]
id: has_anterior_part
name: has_anterior_part
namespace: uberon
inverse_of: anterior_part_of  ! anterior_part_of
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001105
is_a: has_part  ! has_part

[Typedef]
id: has_developmental_contribution_from
name: has developmental contribution from
namespace: uberon
is_transitive: true
xref: RO:0002254
holds_over_chain: has_part develops_from  ! develops_from

[Typedef]
id: has_distal_part
name: has_distal_part
namespace: uberon
inverse_of: distal_part_of  ! distal_part_of
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001109
is_a: has_part  ! has_part

[Typedef]
id: has_end
name: has_end
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: has_function_in
name: has_function_in
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: has_fused_element
name: has_fused_element
namespace: uberon
def: "x has_fused_element y iff: there exists some z : x has_part z, z homologous_to y, and y is a distinct element, the boundary between x and z is largely fiat" []
comment: A single bone in one species may correspond to the fusion of two or more bones found as distinct elements in another. For example, tibiofibula has_fused_element tibia. A has_fused_element B does not imply that A has_part some B, rather than A has_part some B', where B' is not a subtype of B (because B is a distinct element but B' is a regional part) but has some evolutionary relationship to B.

[Typedef]
id: has_muscle_antagonist
name: has_muscle_antagonist
namespace: uberon
alt_id: dbpprop:antagonist
def: "m1 has_muscle_antagonist m2 iff m1 acts in opposition to m2, and m2 is responsible for returning the structure to its initial position." [Wikipedia:Antagonist_(muscle)]

[Typedef]
id: has_muscle_insertion
name: has_muscle_insertion
namespace: uberon
alt_id: dbpprop:insertion
def: "m has_muscle_insertion s iff m is attaches_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s moves. Insertions are usually connections of muscle via tendon to bone." [Wikipedia:Insertion_(anatomy)]
is_a: attaches_to  ! attaches_to

[Typedef]
id: has_muscle_origin
name: has_muscle_origin
namespace: uberon
alt_id: dbpprop:origin
def: "m has_muscle_origin s iff m is attaches_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s does not move. The site of the origin tends to be more proximal and have greater mass than what the other end attaches to." [Wikipedia:Insertion_(anatomy)#Muscles]
is_a: attaches_to  ! attaches_to

[Typedef]
id: has_no_connections_with
name: has_no_connections_with
namespace: uberon
def: "A is has_no_connections_with B if there are no parts of A or B that have a connection with the other." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
is_class_level: true
expand_assertion_to: "Class: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Nothing> EquivalentTo: (BFO_0000050 some ?X) and (UBREL_0000001 some (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)), (BFO_0000050 some ?Y) and (UBREL_0000001 some (BFO_0000050 some ?X))" []

[Typedef]
id: has_part
name: has_part
namespace: uberon
is_transitive: true
inverse_of: part_of  ! part_of
xref: BFO:0000051

[Typedef]
id: has_posterior_part
name: has_posterior_part
namespace: uberon
inverse_of: posterior_part_of  ! posterior_part_of
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001103
is_a: has_part  ! has_part

[Typedef]
id: has_proximal_part
name: has_proximal_part
namespace: uberon
inverse_of: proximal_part_of  ! proximal_part_of
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001207
is_a: has_part  ! has_part

[Typedef]
id: has_quality
name: has_quality
namespace: uberon
xref: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000008

[Typedef]
id: has_relational_adjective
name: has_relational_adjective
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: Used to connect a class to an adjectival form of its label. For example, a class with label 'intestine' may have a relational adjective 'intestinal'.
xref: UBPROP:0000007

[Typedef]
id: has_start
name: has_start
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: homologous_to
name: homologous_to
namespace: uberon
xref: RO:0002158

[Typedef]
id: homology_notes
name: homology_notes
namespace: uberon
def: "Notes on the homology status of this class." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO
xref: UBPROP:0000003

[Typedef]
id: immediate_transformation_of
name: immediate_transformation_of
namespace: uberon
synonym: "direct_transformation_of" EXACT [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "immediately transforms from" EXACT [SIO:000658]
xref: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000658
is_a: transformation_of  ! transformation_of

[Typedef]
id: immediately_deep_to
name: immediately_deep_to
namespace: uberon
def: "This relation holds when both the deep_to and ajdacent_to relationship similarly hold." [BSPO:cjm]
xref: BSPO:0001107
is_a: adjacent_to  ! adjacent_to
is_a: deep_to  ! deep_to

[Typedef]
id: immediately_preceded_by
name: immediately_preceded_by
namespace: uberon
def: "X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)" []
synonym: "directly preceded by" EXACT []
synonym: "is directly preceded by" EXACT []
synonym: "is immediately preceded by" EXACT [SIO:000251]
synonym: "starts_at_end_of" EXACT []
xref: RO:0002087
xref: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000251
is_a: preceded_by  ! preceded_by
property_value: external_definition "A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process immediately precedes another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes[SIO:000251]." xsd:string

[Typedef]
id: implements_design_pattern
name: implements_design_pattern
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: UBPROP:0000006

[Typedef]
id: in_anterior_side_of
name: in_anterior_side_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X anterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the anterior portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009]
xref: BSPO:0000123
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: in_deep_part_of
name: in_deep_part_of
namespace: uberon
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001101
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: in_distal_side_of
name: in_distal_side_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X distal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the distal portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009]
inverse_of: in_proximal_side_of  ! in_proximal_side_of
xref: BSPO:0000125
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: in_lateral_side_of
name: in_lateral_side_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X in_lateral_side_of Y <=> if X is in_left_side_of Y or X is in_right_side_of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure" [UBERON:cjm]
xref: BSPO:0000126
is_a: part_of  ! part_of
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000014

[Typedef]
id: in_left_side_of
name: in_left_side_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X left_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the left portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009]
xref: BSPO:0000120
is_a: in_lateral_side_of  ! in_lateral_side_of
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000014

[Typedef]
id: in_median_plane_of
name: in_median_plane_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X in_median_plane_of Y <=> if X lies on the median plane of Y; i.e. X overlaps o in_left_side_of Y and X overlaps o in_right_side_of Y. X is an unpaired structure" [UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "in sagittal plane of" RELATED []
xref: BSPO:0000127
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: in_posterior_side_of
name: in_posterior_side_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X posterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the posterior portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009]
xref: BSPO:0000122
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: in_proximal_side_of
name: in_proximal_side_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X proximal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the proximal portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009]
xref: BSPO:0000124
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: in_right_side_of
name: in_right_side_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X right_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the right portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009]
xref: BSPO:0000121
is_a: in_lateral_side_of  ! in_lateral_side_of
property_value: seeAlso http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/references/reference_0000014

[Typedef]
id: in_superficial_part_of
name: in_superficial_part_of
namespace: uberon
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001100
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: in_taxon
name: in taxon
namespace: uberon
xref: RO:0002162
holds_over_chain: attaches_to in_taxon  ! in taxon
holds_over_chain: connected_to in_taxon  ! in taxon
holds_over_chain: develops_from in_taxon  ! in taxon
holds_over_chain: has_developmental_contribution_from in_taxon  ! in taxon
holds_over_chain: induced_by in_taxon  ! in taxon
holds_over_chain: overlaps in_taxon  ! in taxon
holds_over_chain: part_of in_taxon  ! in taxon
holds_over_chain: supplies in_taxon  ! in taxon

[Typedef]
id: induced_by
name: induced_by
namespace: uberon
def: "t1 induced_by t2 if there is a process of organ induction (GO:0001759) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor tissue type T to T', where T' develops_from T." [GO:0001759]
comment: sources for induced_by relationships in Uberon: Developmental Biology, Gilbert, 8th edition, figure 6.5(F)

[Typedef]
id: innervated_by
name: innervated_by
namespace: uberon
alt_id: FMA:85999
alt_id: dbprop:nerve
synonym: "nerve supply" EXACT [FMA:85999]
transitive_over: branch_of  ! branch_of

[Typedef]
id: is_count_of
name: is count of
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true

[Typedef]
id: located_in
name: located_in
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: location_of
name: location_of
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: never_in_taxon
name: never_in_taxon
namespace: uberon
def: "S never_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only not T" [PMID:20973947]
is_metadata_tag: true
is_class_level: true
xref: RO:0002161
expand_assertion_to: "Class: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Nothing> EquivalentTo: ?X and (RO_0002162 some ?Y)" []

[Typedef]
id: only_in_taxon
name: only_in_taxon
namespace: uberon
def: "S only_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only T" [PMID:20973947]
xref: RO:0002160
is_a: in_taxon  ! in taxon

[Typedef]
id: output_of
name: output_of
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: overlaps
name: overlaps
namespace: uberon
def: "A overlaps B if they share some part in common." []
xref: RO:0002131
expand_expression_to: "BFO_0000051 some (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)" []

[Typedef]
id: paired_appendage_number
name: paired_appendage number
namespace: uberon
def: "x paired_appendage_number N if and only if (i) x is a paired_appendage, and (ii) x is paired_appendage number N in a series of paired_appendages repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with paired_appendage_number 1 being the anteriormost paired_appendage. In vertebrates, this is the pectoral appendage" [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0000026
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096

[Typedef]
id: part_of
name: part_of
namespace: uberon
is_transitive: true
xref: BFO:0000050

[Typedef]
id: participates_in
name: participates in
namespace: uberon
xref: BFO:0000056

[Typedef]
id: phalanx_number
name: phalanx number
namespace: uberon
def: "x phalanx_number N if and only if (i) x is a phalanx, and (ii) x is phalanx number N in a series of phalanges repeated along an prixomo-distal axis, with phalanx_number 1 being the proximalmost phalanx. Note that in humans, the distalmost phalanx has phlanax_number 3, except in ray_number 1, where the distalmost has phalanx_number 2" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Phalanx_bone#Phalangeal_formula]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: Most land mammals including humans have a 2-3-3-3-3 formula in both the hands (or paws) and feet. Primitive reptiles typically had the formula 2-3-4-4-5, and this pattern, with some modification, remained in many later reptiles and in the mammal-like reptiles. The phalangeal formula in the flippers of cetaceans (marine mammals) is 2-12-8-1
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0003221
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000100

[Typedef]
id: pharyngeal_arch_number
name: pharyngeal arch number
namespace: uberon
def: "x pharyngeal_arch_number N if and only if (i) x is a pharyngeal arch, and (ii) x is ancestrally pharyngeal arch number N in a series of pharyngeal arches repeated along a antero-posterior axis, with arch_number 1 being the mandibular arch." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: Note that gill arch N = PA N-2. the term branchial_arch is ambiguous.
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002539
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096

[Typedef]
id: postaxial_part_of
name: postaxial_part_of
namespace: uberon
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001115
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: postaxial_to
name: postaxial_to
namespace: uberon
def: "x preaxial_to y iff x is further along the preaxial-postaxial axis than y, towards the rear." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/postaxial]
is_transitive: true
comment: to be added to BSPO
synonym: "posterior_to (developmentally)" RELATED [MA:th]
xref: BSPO:0001114

[Typedef]
id: posterior_part_of
name: posterior_part_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X posterior_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the posterior boundary of Y" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001102
is_a: in_posterior_side_of  ! in_posterior_side_of
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: posterior_to
name: posterior_to
namespace: uberon
def: "x posterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail." [BSPO:cjm]
is_transitive: true
synonym: "caudal_to" NARROW []
xref: BSPO:0000099

[Typedef]
id: posteriorly_connected_to
name: posteriorly connected to
namespace: uberon
def: "x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y." [UBERONREF:0000004]
is_a: anterior_to  ! anterior_to
is_a: connected_to  ! connected to

[Typedef]
id: preaxial_part_of
name: preaxial_part_of
namespace: uberon
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001113
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: preaxial_to
name: preaxial_to
namespace: uberon
def: "x preaxial_to y iff x is further along the preaxial-postaxial axis than y, towards the front." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/preaxial]
is_transitive: true
synonym: "anterior_to (developmentally)" RELATED [MA:th]
synonym: "lateral (radial) to" RELATED []
synonym: "medial (tibial) to" RELATED []
xref: BSPO:1000000

[Typedef]
id: preceded_by
name: preceded_by
namespace: uberon
def: "X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)" []
is_transitive: true
comment: disjoint_from part_of, but this cannot be expressed in OWL2
synonym: "is preceded by" EXACT [SIO:000249]
synonym: "takes place after" EXACT [Allen:precedes]
xref: BFO:0000062

[Typedef]
id: preceding_element_is
name: preceding element is
namespace: uberon
def: "A property used in conjunction with repeated_element_number to indicate an axis and directionality along that axis. If P preceding_element_is R, and P is_count_of S, and X P N, and X' P N+1, then it follows that every X R some X', and the class expression [S and R some X' and inv(R) some X] is empty (i.e. X is followed by X', with no intermediates)" [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true

[Typedef]
id: present_in_taxon
name: present_in_taxon
namespace: uberon
def: "S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S" [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
is_class_level: true
synonym: "applicable for taxon" EXACT []

[Typedef]
id: provenance_notes
name: provenance_notes
namespace: uberon
def: "Notes on the provenance of this class." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO
xref: UBPROP:0000004

[Typedef]
id: proximal_part_of
name: proximal_part_of
namespace: uberon
def: "X proximal_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the proximal boundary of Y" [UBERON:cjm]
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001106
is_a: in_proximal_side_of  ! in_proximal_side_of
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: proximal_to
name: proximal_to
namespace: uberon
def: "x proximal_to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y." [BSPO:cjm]
xref: BSPO:0000100

[Typedef]
id: proximally_connected_to
name: proximally connected to
namespace: uberon
def: "x proximally_connected_to y iff the proximal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x distal_to y." [UBERONREF:0000004]
is_a: connected_to  ! connected to
is_a: distal_to  ! distal_to
is_a: transitively_proximally_connected_to  ! transitively proximally connected to

[Typedef]
id: ray_number
name: ray number
namespace: uberon
def: "x ray_number N if and only if (i) x is a ray, and (ii) x is ancestrally associated with ray number N in a series of phalanges repeated along a radio-ulnar or equivalent axis, with ray_number 1 being the anteriormost ray." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: The correct terminology is yet to be established; in tetrapods 'ray' might mean the mereological sum of the phalanges of a manual digit plus a metatarsal bone (or equivalent for hindlimb)
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002544
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:1000000

[Typedef]
id: repeated_element_number
name: repeated element number
namespace: uberon
def: "A property used to indicate the position of an element where that element is of a type that is serially repeated linearly along some axis for which a total ordering exists. The ordering may represent an ancestral condition" [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: The range is currently non-negative integer

[Typedef]
id: rhombomere_number
name: rhombomere number
namespace: uberon
def: "x rhombomere_number N if and only if (i) x is a rhombomere, and (ii) x is rhombomere number N in a series of rhombomeres repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with rhombomere_number 1 being the anteriormost rhombomere." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0001892
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096

[Typedef]
id: rib_number
name: rib number
namespace: uberon
def: "x rib_number N if and only if (i) x is a rib, and (ii) x is rib number N in a series of ribs repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with rib_number 1 being the anteriormost rib. Note that this property counts ribs, *not* the adjoining vertebrae." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: AO notes: Note that in TAO, ribs are numbered by *vertebrae*.  Taxon notes: In the early tetrapods, every vertebra bore a pair of ribs, although those on the thoracic vertebrae are typically the longest. In most subsequent forms, many of these early ribs have been lost, and in living amphibians and reptiles, there is great variation in rib structure and number. For example, turtles have only eight pairs of ribs, which are developed into a bony or cartilagenous carapace and plastron, while snakes have numerous ribs running along the full length of their trunk. Frogs typically have no ribs, aside from a sacral pair, which form part of the pelvis. Mammals usually also only have distinct ribs on the thoracic vertebra, although fixed cervical ribs are also present in monotremes. In marsupials and placental mammals, the cervical and lumbar ribs are found only as tiny remnants fused to the vertebrae, where they are referred to as transverse processes. In general, the structure and number of the true ribs in humans is similar to that in other mammals. Unlike reptiles, caudal ribs are never found in mammals.
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002228
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096

[Typedef]
id: secreted_by
name: secreted_by
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: secretes
name: secretes
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: seeAlso
name: see also
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: rdfs:seeAlso

[Typedef]
id: serially_homologous_to
name: serially_homologous_to
namespace: uberon
xref: RO:0002159

[Typedef]
id: sexually_homologous_to
name: sexually_homologous_to
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true

[Typedef]
id: simultaneous_with
name: simultaneous_with
namespace: uberon
def: "Relation between occurrents, shares start and end boundaries." [Allen:is_equal_to, UBERON:cjm]
synonym: "coincides_with" EXACT []
synonym: "is_equal_to" EXACT []
xref: RO:0002082
is_a: finishes  ! finishes
is_a: starts  ! starts

[Typedef]
id: site_of
name: site_of
namespace: uberon
def: "C site_of P iff exists species S such that P occurs_in C for all members of S. Example: bursa of Fabricius site_of B-cell differentiation." [GOC:cjm]

[Typedef]
id: somite_number
name: somite number
namespace: uberon
def: "x somite_number N if and only if (i) x is a somite, and (ii) x is somite number N in a series of somites repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with somite_number 1 being the anteriormost somite." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002329
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096

[Typedef]
id: spatially_disjoint_from
name: spatially_disjoint_from
namespace: uberon
def: "A is spatially_disjoint_from B if they have no parts in common." [SO:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
is_class_level: true
synonym: "non_overlapping_with" EXACT []
synonym: "shares_no_parts_with" EXACT []
expand_assertion_to: "Class: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Nothing> EquivalentTo: (BFO_0000050 some ?X) and (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)" []

[Typedef]
id: start_of
name: start_of
namespace: uberon

[Typedef]
id: starts
name: starts
namespace: uberon
def: "Relation between occurrents, shares a start boundary with." [Allen:starts, UBERON:cjm]
xref: RO:0002224
is_a: part_of  ! part_of
holds_over_chain: has_start start_of  ! start_of

[Typedef]
id: subdivision_of
name: subdivision of
namespace: uberon
comment: placeholder relation. X = 'subdivision of A' and subdivision_of some B means that X is the mereological sum of A and B

[Typedef]
id: superficial_to
name: superficial_to
namespace: uberon
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001110

[Typedef]
id: supplies
name: supplies
namespace: uberon
def: "relation between an artery and the structure is supplies with blood." []
comment: source: FMA
synonym: "arterial supply of" EXACT [FMA:86003]
xref: FMA:86003
is_a: connected_to  ! connected to

[Typedef]
id: surrounded_by
name: surrounded_by
namespace: uberon
def: "x surrounded_by y iff: x is adjacent to y and for every region r adjacent to x, r overlaps y" [UBERON:cjm]
xref: RO:0002219

[Typedef]
id: surrounds
name: surrounds
namespace: uberon
def: "inverse of surrounded_by" [UBERON:cjm]
inverse_of: surrounded_by  ! surrounded_by
xref: RO:0002221

[Typedef]
id: taxon_notes
name: taxon_notes
namespace: uberon
is_metadata_tag: true
xref: UBPROP:0000008

[Typedef]
id: tooth_number
name: tooth number
namespace: uberon
def: "x tooth_number N if and only if (i) x is a tooth, and (ii) x is ancestrally tooth number N in a series of teeth repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, typically on the lateral side of a structure such as a jaw, with tooth_number 1 being the anteriormost. Note that this count refers to the total number of teeth starting from the first, regardless of the type of tooth. If sub-systems are required for numbering within a series of teeth of the same type, consider a subproperty. For example, in a human, maxillary canine = tooth 3 of upper jaw = canine_tooth 1 of upper jaw" []
is_metadata_tag: true
comment: see also: dental_formula
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0001091
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096

[Typedef]
id: transformation_of
name: transformation_of
namespace: uberon
is_transitive: true
synonym: "transforms from" EXACT [SIO:000657]
xref: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000657
is_a: develops_from  ! develops_from

[Typedef]
id: transitively_anteriorly_connected_to
name: transitively anteriorly connected to
namespace: uberon
def: "." [UBERONREF:0000004]
is_transitive: true

[Typedef]
id: transitively_connected_to
name: transitively_connected to
namespace: uberon
is_transitive: true

[Typedef]
id: transitively_distally_connected_to
name: transitively distally connected to
namespace: uberon
def: "." [UBERONREF:0000004]
is_transitive: true

[Typedef]
id: transitively_proximally_connected_to
name: transitively proximally connected to
namespace: uberon
def: "." [UBERONREF:0000004]
is_transitive: true

[Typedef]
id: tributary_of
name: tributary_of
namespace: uberon
comment: taken from the FMA

[Typedef]
id: ventral_part_of
name: ventral_part_of
namespace: uberon
comment: to be added to BSPO
xref: BSPO:0001112
is_a: part_of  ! part_of

[Typedef]
id: ventral_to
name: ventral_to
namespace: uberon
def: "x ventral_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly)." [BSPO:cjm]
is_transitive: true
xref: BSPO:0000102

[Typedef]
id: vertebra_number
name: vertebra number
namespace: uberon
def: "x vertebra_number N if and only if (i) x is a vertebra, and (ii) x is vertebra number N in a series of vertebras repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with vertebra_number 1 being the anteriormost vertebra (also known as the atlas)." [UBERON:cjm]
is_metadata_tag: true
property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002412
property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096